tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
<i>QuickStats</i>: Percentage* of Children† Aged 2–17 Years With &gt;2 Hours of Screen Time Per Weekday,§ by Sex and Age Group — National Health Interview Survey,¶ United States, 2020
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2022)

Total 2-5 6-11 12-17 Percentage Age group (yrs) * With 95% CIs indicated by error bars.† Children are defined here as children and adolescents (i.e., persons aged 2-17 years).§ Based on a response to the question, "On most weekdays, does (child's name) spend more than 2 hours a day in front of a TV, computer, cellphone, or other electronic device watching programs, playing games, accessing the Internet, or using social media?"Respondents were instructed not to include time spent for schoolwork.¶ Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian, noninstitutionalized U.S. population.Overall, 65.7% of boys and 64.6% of girls aged 2-17 years spent >2 hours of screen time per weekday, in addition to screen time spent for schoolwork.Among both boys and girls, the percentage of children who spent >2 hours of screen time increased with increasing age group from 47.5% for those aged 2-5 years to 80.2% for those aged 12-17 years.
Detection of myocardial viability by hyperbaric oxygen treatment and echocardiography after thrombolysis for acute myocardial infarction Milica N. Dekleva, Velibor Obradovic, Ana D. Djordjevic-Dikic, Aleksandar Neskovic, Nenad Dikic, Biljana Pencic, Miodrag C. Ostojic. Clinical Hospital Zemun, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
COVID-19 transmission—up in the air
Authors: None The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2020)

As we approach the end of 2020, and a year since the outbreak of COVID-19 began, cases are increasing again. We have learnt a lot about SARS-CoV-2 and our ability to test for and manage COVID-19 has improved, but ongoing debate remains about how SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted.
The Mystic Statistic
Authors: Stanley S. Schor
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pretreatment with intragraft verapamil prior to percutaneous coronary intervention of saphenous vein graft lesions: Results of the randomized, controlled vasodilator prevention of no reflow (VAPOR) trial Andrew D. Michaels, Kent Dauterman, Fady Malik, Thomas A. Ports, C. M. Gibson, Kendrick Shunk, Tony M. Chou. University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Clinical and direct immunofluorescence characteristics of cutaneous toxicity associated with enfortumab vedotin
Authors: Caitlin L. Penny, Krystina Quow, Chandler W. Rundle, Rami N. Al‐Rohil, Adela R. Cardones, Meenal K. Kheterpal, Amber I. Fresco
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2022)

Enfortumab vedotin (EV), a novel antibody-drug conjugate approved for metastatic urothelial carcinoma, causes a variety of cutaneous adverse reactions. We present two cases of bullous eruptions following treatment with EV, both demonstrating IgG deposition on direct immunofluorescence (DIF) correlating to the location of nectin-4 in the epidermis. This suggests that the IgG component of EV binding to nectin-4 in keratinocytes is likely a primary contributor to the high rates of cutaneous toxicity.
Bailout platelet GP IIb/IIIa inhibition in coronary stent implantation: Observations from the ESPRIT trial Warren J. Cantor, Anne S. Hellkamp, J. Conor O'Shea, Mina Madan, Robert J. Chisholm, Todd J. Lorenz, Michael M. Kitt, Henry Lui, David J. Cohen, Robert Feldman, Robert Greene, James E. Tcheng. Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
1044-60 Treatment of multivessel coronary artery disease with sirolimus-eluting stent implantation: Immediate and mid-term results
Authors: Dejan Orlic, Goran Stankovic, Erminio Bonizzoni, Flavio Airoldi, Alaide Chieffo, Nicola Corvaja, Giuseppe Sangiorgi, Massimo Ferraro, Carlo Briguori, Matteo Montorfano, Mauro Carlino, Antonio Colombo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
State-Specific Changes in Cholesterol Screening—Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 1988-1991
Journal: JAMA (1993)

High blood cholesterol (HBC) is an important risk factor for coronary heart disease (1)--the leading cause of death in the United States. To reduce the prevalence of elevated cholesterol levels in the United States, in 1985 the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute initiated the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP). The NCEP recommends that all adults aged > or = 20 years be screened for HBC at least once every 5 years. One of the national health objectives for the year 2000 is to increase to 75% the percentage of adults screened for HBC within the preceding 5 years (objective 15.14). To measure progress toward this objective, data from CDC's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) were used to examine state-specific trends in cholesterol screening from 1988 through 1991. This report summarizes the results of this analysis and provides a projected estimate of the 1994 screening rates for HBC in each state.
Just lucky
Authors: Henry Alexander
Journal: BMJ (2005)

strict controls on consumer-oriented information as the internet extends its global reach.On the other hand, both Which?(the consumers association, a self proclaimed protector of patients against commercial exploitation) and medical professionals voice anxiety over relaxing these regulations, as this could create a market for prescription only medicines and allow pressure by patients for particular drugs.At present, regulators strongly support the status quo on direct to consumer advertising, but as a consequence of new information and communication technology they may have to readjust the balance of arguments concerning safety, consumer protection, and the public good; professional claims to authoritative knowledge; commercial interests; and citizens' rights to information and autonomy.The differing positions of governments around the world on this issue may exacerbate the tensions in this aspect of pharmaceutical governance.The adaptability of UK regulations in relation to an emergent e-pharmacy may reflect in part the ultimate power of consumers to choose whether or not to purchase drugs online: where there is demand a market will emerge, and consumers may accept a degree of regulation to protect their rights.When it comes to accessing pharmaceutical information, both sides of the provider-consumer partnership are involved.Different stakeholders have interests in ensuring dependable information is available to consumers.The future shape of governance of pharmaceutical information may depend more on alliances between the pharmaceutical industry and patient groups than on consumer sovereignty.
Twins
Authors: Michael Berkwits
Journal: JAMA (2020)

I don't believe they exist in my language, the words to describe her torment.He had been with her since the moment of conception-gleaming doctors' needles and multiplying cells and countless plastic testsuntil they arrived.And then for two years-two years and six weeks: babies.An abundance of babies, tumbling across carpets, egging each other into mischief, wrestling over toys in the cooling bath.Sleeping on me and safe it seemed.And then one morning he was gone-Cold as the winter earth and gone.Cold as the earth into which I could not confer him-frozen and dark, unspeakable-She had been his companion inside me, in matching incubators during those white-fisted weeks in the NICU when every breath was miraculous and terrifying-as chimeric as the miller's daughter's ability to spin straw into gold.She was his twin, his witness, his other self.I had by then already seen things-seen pain and blood and death, seen murder and suicide, suctioned blood from my dying father's wordless mouth-I had not seen anything.She had nothing.Not her brother, not the words she needed, not comprehension.She had nothing but agony.We both knew it, she and I, she sought my eyes, panicked, frantic, yet somehow certain I could fix it.Over and over she'd hunt down my car keys, rush to me metal jangling, gesturing toward the front door, the car outside, the obvious solution.We had the means to collect him.She had the key.The only thing still needed was to make me understand.
Mosaic dysfunction of mitophagy in mitochondrial muscle disease
Authors: Takayuki Mito, Amy E. Vincent, Julie Faitg, Robert W. Taylor, Nahid A. Khan, Thomas G. McWilliams, Anu Suomalainen
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2022)

Mitophagy is a quality control mechanism that eliminates damaged mitochondria, yet its significance in mammalian pathophysiology and aging has remained unclear. Here, we report that mitophagy contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle of aged mice and human patients. The early disease stage is characterized by muscle fibers with central nuclei, with enhanced mitophagy around these nuclei. However, progressive mitochondrial dysfunction halts mitophagy and disrupts lysosomal homeostasis. Interestingly, activated or halted mitophagy occur in a mosaic manner even in adjacent muscle fibers, indicating cell-autonomous regulation. Rapamycin restores mitochondrial turnover, indicating mTOR-dependence of mitochondrial recycling in advanced disease stage. Our evidence suggests that (1) mitophagy is a hallmark of age-related mitochondrial pathology in mammalian muscle, (2) mosaic halting of mitophagy is a mechanism explaining mosaic respiratory chain deficiency and accumulation of pathogenic mtDNA variants in adult-onset mitochondrial diseases and normal aging, and (3) augmenting mitophagy is a promising therapeutic approach for muscle mitochondrial dysfunction.
Short-term effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised patients: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis
Authors: Alexandre R. Marra, Takaaki Kobayashi, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Mohammed Alsuhaibani, Bruna Marques Tofaneto, Luigi Makowski Bariani, Mariana de Amorim Auler, Jorge L. Salinas, Michael B. Edmond, Michelle Doll, José Mauro Kutner, João Renato Rebello Pinho, Luiz Vicente Rizzo, João Luiz Miraglia, Marin L. Schweizer
Journal: Journal of Infection (2022)
Plasma metabolomics to predict chemotherapy (CTX) response in advanced pancreatic cancer (PC) patients (pts) on enteral feeding for cachexia.
Authors: Hayato Muranaka, Natalie Moshayedi, Andrew Eugene Hendifar, Arsen Osipov, Veronica Placencio-Hickok, Aleksandr Stotland, Sarah Parker, Jennifer Van Eyk, Neil Bhowmick, Jun Gong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

600 Background: We evaluated the potential of plasma metabolites as predictors of response to CTX in a prospective cohort of pts who received enteral feeding for cachexia and advanced PC. Methods: The PANCAX-1 (NCT02400398) prospective trial enrolled 31 cachectic advanced PC pts to receive jejunal tube peptide-based diet for 12 weeks (wks) who were planned for palliative CTX. Out of 16 evaluable pts, 62.5% receiving enteral feeding met the primary endpoint of weight stability at 12 wks. As part of an exploratory analysis of the PANCAX-1 trial, serial blood samples were collected at 3 predefined timepoints over 12 wks of enteral feeding. Up to 219 plasma metabolites were analyzed by mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. Analytes were compared by relative area under the curve (AUC) and differences evaluated by two-sample t-tests. The mean AUC was used in pts with metabolites measured from &gt; 1 timepoint of collection. Pts were stratified by stable disease (SD), partial response (PR), or progressive disease (PD) as best overall response to standard CTX. Results: Of 31 pts with advanced PC prospectively enrolled for enteral feeding, there were 55 blood samples collected from 28 pts available for plasma metabolomics. 20/28 (71%) pts received first-line CTX, the majority of whom (90%) received gemcitabine-based CTX. There were 2 PRs (7%) and 10 with SD (36%) as best response to CTX. Overall, there were statistically significant differences in levels of intermediates involved in multiple metabolic pathways including glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, fatty acid synthesis, and nucleoside synthesis in pts with PR/SD vs. PD to CTX (all p &lt; 0.05). When stratified by CTX regimen, PD to 5-fluorouracil-based CTX (e.g., FOLFIRINOX) was associated with decreased levels of essential amino acids (AAs, L-leucine, L-methionine, L-tryptophan) and non-essential AAs (L-arginine, L-serine, L-tyrosine, all p &lt; 0.05). For gemcitabine-based CTX (e.g., gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel), PD was associated with increased levels of intermediates of glycolysis (pyruvate), TCA cycle (L-glutamate), nucleoside synthesis (xanthine), and bile acid metabolism (taurocholic acid, all p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: We are the first to demonstrate the feasibility of plasma metabolomics in a prospective cohort of advanced PC pts on enteral feeding as their primary source of nutrition. Metabolic signatures unique to FOLFIRINOX or gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel may be predictive of response and warrant further study.
The Right Honourable Sir Thomas Clifford Allbutt, K.C.B., M.A., M.D., F.R.C.P., F.R.S., Hon. M.D., D.Sc., D.C.L., LL.D., Regius Professor of Physic in the University of Cambridge. A Memoir.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue
Lossy (15:1) compression of digital coronary angiograms does not limit detection of subtle morphologic features
Authors: William A. Baker, Steven E. Heame, Laurence A. Spero, Kenneth G. Morris, Robert A. Harrington, Michael H. Sketch, Victor S. Behar, Yihong Kong, Robert H. Peter, Thomas M. Bashore, J.Kevin Harrison, Jack T. Cusma
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Queries and Minor Notes
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Exploration of drug resistance in advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor.
Authors: Hao Xu, Zekuan Xu, Jianghao Xu, Yang Shao
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

662 Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are prone to multi-drug resistance after drug treatment, but tissue samples from advanced patients with drug resistance are hard to obtain, impeding the study of the mechanism of drug resistance. In this study, plasma samples from TKI-resistant GIST patients were collected for next generation sequencing (NGS) to detect circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), which were then used to generate mutation profiles leading to TKI resistance. Methods: A total of 82 GIST patients who acquired TKI resistance were enrolled from Apr. 2016 to Jun. 2021. Plasma ctDNA samples after drug resistance were collected for NGS analysis of 425 genes. Results: Among 82 patients, 54 received monotherapy with imatinib, 24 with 2 TKIs (21 with imatinib and subsequent sunitinib, 2 with imatinib subsequent regorafenib, and 1 with imatinib subsequent anlotinib), and 4 with 3 TKIs (imatinib subsequent sunitinib and regorafenib). Fifty patients (61%) were ctDNA-positive and their mutation profiles were further analyzed. Detection rate of ctDNA in imatinib-resistant patients was 57% (31/54). Among these 31 patients, 12 (39%) showed KIT gene mutation (8 with the known drug-resistant KIT mutations, 6 of these patients exhibited single-drug resistance while 2 showed multi-drug resistance due to KIT mutations mainly in Exon 13 V654A, Exons 17 Y823D, D820Y, N822Y, and N822K). The remaining 19/31 cases (61%) could be attributed to other gene mutations, with 47% due to cancer-associated mutations or other downstream signaling pathways (such as, cell cycle, TP53, RAS and PI3K). Among patients resistant to imatinib followed by other TKIs, ctDNA detection rate was 68% (19/28). Among these 19 patients, 10 (53%) showed KIT gene mutation (including 5 with the known drug-resistant KIT mutations, 4 of these patients exhibited single-drug resistance, while 1 showed multi-drug resistance due to mutations mainly in Exon 13 V654A, Exons 17 D820A, and D820G). The remaining 9/19 cases (47%) could be attributed to other gene mutations, with 44% due to cancer-associated mutations or other in downstream signaling pathways (such as Wnt, cell cycle, TP53, RAS and PI3K). Results indicated a growing trend of mutations leading to resistance among GIST patients treated with multiple TKIs (baseline vs. imatinib resistance vs. multiple TKIs resistance, 3.95% vs. 25.81% vs. 26.32%). Conclusions: Advanced GIST patients who received one or more TKI(s) may be resistant to single or multiple drugs due to complex mutations. NGS can be used to detect ctDNA without the need to obtain tumor tissue samples. This approach facilitates the monitoring of drug resistance in patients with advanced tumors, especially those with multiple metastases. NGS allows detection of mutations at multiple secondary sites and helps to overcome tumor heterogeneity, ctDNA-based NGS analysis will play an increasingly important role in assessment of drug resistance in GIST patients.
Short-term preservation of the cadaveric kidney
Authors: A. Barzilai
Journal: JAMA (1968)

A new method for performing cadaveric renal homoplastic grafts shortens ischemic time; reduces the possibility of tubular necrosis, genetic incompatibility, and trauma to the graft; and eliminates the necessity for emergency operation. These advantages are a result of temporarily connecting the proposed graft to an arteriovenous shunt before transplantation. Good results were obtained in six patients on 11 occasions.
Electrophysiology-Based Closed Loop Optogenetic Brain Stimulation Devices: Recent Developments and Future Prospects
Authors: Lekshmy Sudha Kumari, Abbas Z. Kouzani
Journal: IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering (2022)

With its potential of single cell specificity, optogenetics has made the investigation into the brain circuits more controllable. Closed loop optogenetic brain stimulation enhances the efficacy of the stimulation by adjusting the stimulation parameters based on direct feedback from the target area of the brain. It combines the principles of genetics, physiology, electrical engineering, optics, signal processing and control theory to create an efficient brain stimulation system. To read the underlying neuronal condition from the electrical activity of neurons, a sensor, sensor interface circuit, and signal conditioning are needed. Also, efficient feature extraction, classification, and control algorithms should be in place to interpret and use the sensed data for closing the feedback loop. Finally, a stimulation circuitry is required to effectively control a light source to deliver light based stimulation according to the feedback signal. Thus, the backbone to a functioning closed loop optogenetic brain stimulation device is a well-built electronic circuitry for sensing and processing of brain signals, running efficient signal processing and control algorithm, and delivering timed light stimulations. This paper presents a review of electronic and software concepts and components used in recent closed-loop optogenetic devices based on neuro-electrophysiological reading and an outlook on the future design possibilities with the aim of providing a compact and easy reference for developing closed loop optogenetic brain stimulation devices.
Beneficial effects of probucol on neurohumoral activation and cardiac cytokine expression in the postinfarction rat model Ying T. Sia, Jean-Fran�ois Sarrazin, Jean-Fran�ois Jasmin, Angelino Calderone, Jean-Lucien Rouleau. Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, PQ, Canada, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Abstract P110: Sex Differences in the Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among United States- and Foreign-born Adults in the 2011-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys
Authors: Ruth-Alma N Turkson-Ocran, Nwakaego A Ukonu, Yvonne Commodore-Mensah
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide and in the United States (US). Foreign-born (FB) persons in the US are a rapidly increasing population. Despite increased awareness of important sex differences in CVD risk factors (CVDRF), few studies have examined this phenomenon among FB- and US-born adults Hypothesis: We hypothesize that sex differences exist in the prevalence of overweight/obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia among FB- and US-Born participants. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional design was used to examine the 2011-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. A generalized linear model using Poisson distribution was fitted to obtain age-adjusted predicted probabilities and risk of overweight/obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia by place of birth. These CVD risk factors were defined according to national guidelines. Results: A total of 22429 participants were included with 29.68% (6658/22429) FB and 69.3% (15771/22429) US-born. The mean age was 47.5(±18.6 SD) years; 48.5% (10875/22429) were male. Overall, US-borns had higher prevalence of overweight/obesity (69.8% vs 63.8.0%; p&lt;0.05) and hypertension (32.6% vs 22.2%; p&lt;0.05), but lower prevalence of diabetes (11.3% vs 12.4%; p&lt;0.05), and hypercholesterolemia (39.3% vs 43.3%; p&lt;0.05) compared to FB-born participants. The sex differences in the prevalence and the prevalence ratios of CVDRF are presented in Table 1. Conclusion: Males were more likely to be overweight/obese and be hypertensive than females regardless of place of birth. US-born males were more likely to be diabetic but less likely to have hypercholesterolemia compared to their female counterparts. It is important to consider place of birth when examining sex-differences in CVD risk in the US population.