tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Angiographic findings after myocardial infarction in patients with previous bypass surgery: explanations for smaller infarcts in this group compared with control patients.
Authors: P ACrean, D DWaters, XBosch, G BPelletier, DRoy, PThéroux
Journal: Circulation (1985)

The incidence of previous coronary artery bypass surgery (CABS) in patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted to our hospital has risen from 2.3% to 11.2% in 6 years. We compared infarct size and the angiographically determined cause of infarction in 52 control patients and in 52 consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction at least 2 months after they had undergone CABS. Baseline characteristics were similar in both groups except for a higher incidence of preexisting Q waves in the post-CABS group (22 vs 10; p less than .05). Indexes of myocardial infarct size were smaller in the post-CABS group compared with those in control patients: peak creatine kinease (CK) level (IU/liter) 1113 +/- 1094 (mean +/- SD) vs 1824 +/- 1932 (p less than .01), peak CK-MB level (IU/liter) 173 +/- 230 vs 272 +/- 332 (p less than .02), peak summed ST segment elevation (mm) 3.5 +/- 4.8 vs 8.2 +/- 9.9 (p less than .005), and QRS score on days 7 to 10, 1.9 +/- 3.0 vs 4.3 +/- 3.4 (p less than .001). Postinfarctio...
Endothelium-dependent relaxation in response to aggregating platelets in porcine femoral veins and its modulation by diet.
Authors: KKomori, HShimokawa, P MVanhoutte
Journal: Circulation (1989)

The present study examined the protective role of the venous endothelium against aggregating platelets and its modulation by diet. Yorkshire pigs were fed a regular chow (control pigs), 2% high-cholesterol diet (for 10 weeks, cholesterol-fed pigs), and regular chow plus cod-liver oil (30 ml/day for 4 weeks, oil-fed pigs). Endothelium-dependent responses were examined in vitro in rings of femoral veins in the presence of the inhibitor of cyclooxygenase indomethacin. In control pigs, aggregating platelets, serotonin, and ADP caused endothelium-dependent relaxations. The platelet-induced relaxations were attenuated by methiothepin (a combined 5-HT1 and 5-HT2 serotonergic blocker) or apyrase (an ADPase and ATPase) and were abolished by the combination of the two agents. In quiescent rings, platelets caused contractions, which were reduced in the presence of endothelium; the contractions were prevented by ketanserin (a 5-HT2 serotonergic blocker) or methiothepin but not by R 68 070 (a thromboxane A2 receptor b...
Technique for measuring regional two-dimensional finite strains in canine left ventricle.
Authors: F JVillarreal, L KWaldman, W YLew
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

We developed a technique to measure regional two-dimensional deformations in the myocardium. Three piezoelectric crystals were implanted in a triangular array in the left ventricular anterior midwall in six anesthetized dogs. Each crystal was used in a dual function, to both transmit and receive ultrasonic signals from the other two crystals. In this manner, the three segment lengths of the crystal triangle throughout the cardiac cycle were simultaneously recorded. The orientation of the crystal triangle with reference to the left ventricular long and minor axes was determined. The orientation and three segment lengths of the crystal triangle were used to calculate the circumferential strain E11, the longitudinal strain E22, the in-plane shear strain E12, and the mutually perpendicular principal strains E1 and E2. Also, the orientation of the first principal direction or the in-plane angle was determined, which was defined as the angle between the first principal direction (E1) and the circumferential dir...
Low-energy transvenous ablation of the canine atrioventricular conduction system with a suction electrode catheter.
Authors: SSaksena, P PTarjan, SBharati, BBoveja, DCohen, TJoubert, MLev
Journal: Circulation (1987)

A single suction electrode catheter was used for His bundle electrogram recording. His bundle pacing, and low-energy (20 or 30 J) His bundle ablation in seven dogs. The suction electrode catheter was actively fixed to the atrial endocardium at the His bundle level. Electrophysiologic studies were performed in the control state, immediately after, and late (greater than 40 days) after His bundle ablation and results were correlated with histologic findings in the conduction system. Unipolar His bundle recording and pacing were successfully performed in all dogs with the suction electrode catheter before and after ablation. Complete heart block developed after a single 20 J shock delivered via the suction electrode catheter in all dogs immediately, but reverted to 1:1 atrioventricular conduction with first-degree atrioventricular block in two dogs in which one or two additional shocks (20 or 30 J) produced complete heart block. Mean ablation energy per shock was 22 +/- 4 J. The mean total delivered energy p...
Abstract 14993: A Novel Machine-Learning Method to Better Estimate Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels Using Electronic Health Records
Authors: Gyu Chul Oh, Tae-Hoon Ko, Hae-young Lee
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Dyslipidemia is a known risk factor of atherosclerosis, which is closely associated with development of cardiovascular disease. Among various particles constituting lipids in our body...
Plasma endothelin determination as a prognostic indicator of 1-year mortality after acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: TOmland, R TLie, AAakvaag, TAarsland, KDickstein
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDPlasma endothelin concentrations are increased in the acute phase of myocardial infarction and in chronic heart failure. Since endothelin may contribute to hemodynamic deterioration by potent vasoconstrictory and cardiotoxic actions, increased plasma levels may be associated with an unfavorable prognosis after myocardial infarction.METHODS AND RESULTSWe tested the hypothesis that plasma endothelin determination in the subacute phase of myocardial infarction is related to subsequent survival and assessed whether plasma endothelin measurements provide additional prognostic information to that obtained from clinical and biochemical variables previously known to be associated with high mortality. Plasma endothelin determination was obtained from 142 patients (average age +/- SD, 67.8 +/- 10.1 years) on day 3 after documented myocardial infarction and was related to 1-year mortality. Sixteen patients died during the follow-up period. In a univariate Cox proportional-hazards model, day 3 plasma endoth...
Differential effects of digoxin at comparable concentrations in tissues of fetal and adult sheep.
Authors: WBerman, P JRavenscroft, L BSheiner, M AHeymann, K LMelmon, A MRudolph
Journal: Circulation Research (1977)

Electrocardiogram (ECG) electrodes and carotid arterial and superior vena caval (SVC) catheters were placed in eight nonpregnant ewes and 11 fetuses (109-129 days gestation) to measure heart rate, arterial presssure, P-R interval, left ventricular pre-ejection period (PEP), and left ventricular ejection time (LVET), before and after digoxin infusion into the SVC. After the ewes were killed, the steady state concentration of digoxin in plasma was related to the concentration in midbrain and left ventricular free wall. Although concentrations of digoxin in tissue differed between fetuses and ewes, tissue-plasma ratios were similar; the myocardial-plasma ratio was 87 for fetuses and 90 for ewes and the midbrain-plasma ratios were 6.4 and 5.3, respectively. In spite of these similarities, physiological and toxic effects differed at comparable plasma concentrations. Reduction in PEP/LVET ratio was greater in ewes than fetuses, and P-R interval prolongation was linearly related to digoxin concentration in fetus...
Depression and enhancement of baroreceptor pressor response in cats after intracerebroventricular injection of noradrenergic blocking agents: dependence on supracollicular areas of the brain.
Authors: A STadepalli, EMills, S MSchanberg
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

The alpha-adrenergic blocking drugs, phentolamine and Hydergine, both act centrally at different sites to depress and enhance the pressor and sympathetic nerve response to decreased baroreceptor afferent input in anesthetized cats. Depression of the rise in blood pressure and sympathetic nerve discharge during bilateral carotid occlusion (BCO) followed injection of the agents into the 4th cerebral ventricle when the brain was intact but not when connections were interrupted at the midcollicular level by transection or lesion. Enhancement of responses occurred when drug distribution was confined to the brain rostral to the midcollicular level via injection into the 3rd cerebral ventricle with the cerebral aqueduct cannulated. Both agents decreased resting blood pressure and Hydergine decreased heart rate in intact and decerebrate preparations but not in 3rd ventricle-cerebral aqueduct experiments. We found that pretreatment with the noradrenergic precursor. L-dopa consistently prevented depression by phent...
In vivo assessment of left ventricular wall and chamber dynamics during transient myocardial ischemia using prospectively ECG-gated computerized transmission tomography.
Authors: R FMattrey, R ASlutsky, S ALong, C BHiggins
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Seven dogs were evaluated with prospective ECG-gated computerized transmission tomography (CTT) to analyze left ventricular (LV) wall thickness and cross-sectional chamber area after acute occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). ECG-gated CTT scanning during i.v. administration of contrast material was performed over the mid-left ventricle at rest, after acute occlusion of the LAD and 30 minutes after release. The extent of systolic wall thickening (EWTh) of the anterior (potentially ischemic) segment was 39.8 +/- 8.8% (SEM) in the control state and -26.0 +/- 4.7% during LAD occlusion (p less than 0.01). The nonischemic septum demonstrated a compensatory increase in EWTh, from 28.6 +/- 3.5% to 46.4 +/- 6.1% during LAD occlusion (p less than 0.05). The end-diastolic LV luminal area (LVA) increased from 17.4 +/- 0.8 cm2 in the control state to 21.0 +/- 1.1 cm2 during LAD occlusion (p less than 0.01). End-systolic LVA also increased, from 11.0 +/- 0.9 to 15.2 +/- 1.1 cm2 (p less than...
Abstract 15963: Microrna Biophysically Modulates Cardiac Physiology via Directly Binding to Ion Channel
Authors: Dandan Yang, Xiaoping Wan, Adrienne T Dennis, Emre Bektik, Zhihua Wang, Mauricio G Costa, Charline Fagnen, Catherine Vénien-Bryan, Xianyao Xu, Thomas J Hund, Peter J Mohler, Kenneth R Laurita, Isabelle Deschenes, Ji-Dong Fu
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Background: Cardiac arrhythmias are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. MicroRNAs (miRs) regulate the (electro) physiology of the heart and remodeling by canonical RNAi mechanism. Hypothesis: miRs maintain cardiac physiology also through noncanonical mechanisms. Methods: The physical binding between cardiac predominant miR--miR1 and ion channels was explored by EMSA, in situ PLA, RNA pull down and RIP assays. Electrophysiology of cardiomyocytes (CMs) and ex vivo miR1-deficient hearts were studied to reveal the functional outcome and the pathophysiological significance. Results: miR1 physically binds with an inward rectifier K + channel Kir2.1, which exists endogenously in CMs. This miR1-Kir2.1 binding is evolutionarily conserved. Functionally, miR1, at sub-pmol/L concentration, significantly suppresses IK1, depolarizes resting membrane potential, and prolongs final repolarization of action potentials in CMs. Mechanistically, miR1 binds to the pore-facing G-loop of Kir2.1 though the core sequence AAGAAG, which is outside the seed region. This biophysical modulation is involved in the dysregulation of a gain-of-function mutation Kir2.1-M301K in short-QT/AF patients. An AF-associated miR1-hSNP14A/G specifically disrupts the biophysical modulation while maintains miR1’s RNAi function. Significantly, miR1 but not hSNP14A/G eliminates the high inducibility of arrhythmia in miR1-deficient hearts. Conclusion: We reveal a novel function of miRs and develop a ground-breaking concept that endogenous miRs can physically bind with ion channels and rapidly modulate cardiac electrophysiology before its long-term effect of conventional RNAi mechanism. Our study provides more comprehensive understanding of ion-channel dysregulation associated with cardiac arrhythmias.
Evidence for increased aortic plasma membrane calcium transport caused by experimental atherosclerosis in rabbits.
Authors: S AStrickberger, L NRussek, R DPhair
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

Several lines of evidence, including the reported ability of calcium channel blockers to prevent atherogenesis in cholesterol-fed rabbits, suggest that calcium mediates one or more of the pathologic changes in atherosclerosis. Moreover, it has long been known that calcium accumulates in atherosclerotic blood vessels. To test the hypothesis that a substantial fraction of this accumulated calcium is intracellular and to identify possible causes of this accumulation, calcium fluxes and contents were determined in aortic segments from cholesterol-fed rabbits and age-matched controls. A new method, based on 45Ca efflux experiments and computer-assisted kinetic analysis, was used to measure intracellular and extracellular calcium contents (nmol calcium/g wet wt tissue) and fluxes. Total intracellular calcium increased from 269 +/- 11.6 to 1,300 +/- 352 nmol/g in cholesterol-fed animals compared with controls (p less than 0.01). This change was sufficient to account for the observed increase in total tissue calc...
Echocardiographic studies of abnormalities associated with coarctation of the aorta.
Authors: J AScovil, N CNanda, C MGross, A CLombardi, RGramiak, E OLipchick, J AManning
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Echocardiograms were performed in thirty-six patients (aged 4 to 36 years) with proven coarctation of the aorta. Nineteen patients (53%) were found to have marked diastolic eccentricities of their aortic valves (Eccentricity Index greater 1.5), indicating the presence of bicuspid aortic valves. One of these patients also had multilayered aortic root echoes in diastole. Five patients had angiographic proof of their aortic valve morphologies which corroborated the echo findings. Five patients with bicuspid aortic valves showed mitral valve diastolic flutter indicative of aortic regurgitation. Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (IHSS) was suspected in four patients (11%) with abnormal systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve; three of these patients also had asymmetric septal hypertrophy. There was catheterization proof of IHSS in one patient. Two patients (5.6%) demonstrated mitral valve proplapse.
Histopathology of primary pulmonary hypertension. A qualitative and quantitative study of pulmonary blood vessels from 58 patients in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Primary Pulmonary Hypertension Registry.
Authors: G GPietra, W DEdwards, J MKay, SRich, JKernis, BSchloo, S MAyres, E HBergofsky, B HBrundage, K MDetre
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Qualitative and quantitative studies were performed on pulmonary blood vessels in lung tissue obtained by biopsy, pneumonectomy, or autopsy from 58 patients in the Registry of Primary Pulmonary Hypertension sponsored by the Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health. In 49 patients (84%), the hypertensive vascular disease involved predominantly or exclusively muscular pulmonary arteries and arterioles. In each of these 49 patients, pulmonary artery medial hypertrophy was observed, and in 48 patients, it was also associated with intimal or luminal lesions. On the basis of the predominant histopathologic features, 25 of the 48 patients were classified as having pulmonary arteriopathy with plexiform lesions characterized by a combination of concentric laminar intimal fibrosis, eccentric intimal fibrosis, and plexiform lesions; in nine of these 25, recanalized thrombi were also present. Pulmonary arteriopathy with thrombotic lesions, defined by the presence of both eccentric intimal...
Acute reoxygenation injury in the isolated rat heart: role of resident cardiac mast cells.
Authors: A MKeller, R MClancy, M LBarr, C CMarboe, P JCannon
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

Leukocyte-mediated myocardial reperfusion injury is characterized by the progressive migration and accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes within the myocardium. In this study, we hypothesized that leukocytes normally resident to the myocardium also contribute to myocardial injury in the absence of migration and accumulation of peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocytes. In isolated crystalloid-perfused rat hearts, we found numerous resident cardiac leukocytes that were identified primarily as macrophages and mast cells, the latter staining avidly for peroxidase. When hypoxic perfused hearts (60 minutes, n = 16) were reoxygenated there was a prompt release of this peroxidase activity, the extent of which correlated closely with the degree of myocardial injury (total creatine kinase release, r = 0.96). When reoxygenation associated mast cell degranulation was prevented in six additional hypoxic hearts using 10 microM Lodoxamide Tromethamine, peroxidase release was reduced 7.8-fold (p less than 0.001) and...
Obstruction of inferior vena caval orifice by giant left atrium in patients with mitral stenosis. A Doppler echocardiographic study from the right parasternal approach.
Authors: SMinagoe, JYoshikawa, KYoshida, TAkasaka, MShakudo, KMaeda, CTei
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDTo examine whether an extremely enlarged left atrium (giant left atrium) obstructs the venous return from the inferior vena cava (IVC), the velocity of IVC flow was measured at its junction with the right atrium (IVC orifice) in patients with mitral stenosis by use of color and pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography from a right parasternal longitudinal plane.METHODS AND RESULTSThe maximum dimension of the IVC orifice by two-dimensional echocardiography and the maximum IVC orifice flow velocity by pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography were measured in 74 patients with mitral stenosis and atrial fibrillation (mean age, 59 years). The control population consisted of 16 subjects with atrial fibrillation alone (mean age, 61 years). Flow velocities in the superior vena cava and hepatic vein were also obtained by pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography from the supraclavicular and subcostal views, respectively. Fifty-one mitral stenosis patients without severe tricuspid regurgitation were divided into two g...
Autologous Transplantation Is Associated with Better Outcomes Compared to Chemotherapy Alone in a Minority-Rich Non-High-Risk Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cohort
Authors: Diego Adrianzen Herrera, Nilupa Gaspe Mudiyanselage, Pramod Gaudel, Anjali Budhathoki, Karine Darbinyan, Aditi Shastri, Murali Janakiram, Adam F. Binder, Noah Kornblum, Olga Derman, Kira Gritsman, Ulrich G. Steidl, Amit Verma, Ira Braunschweig, Ioannis Mantzaris
Journal: Blood (2017)
Динаміка клініко-біохімічних показників у хворих на цироз печінки під впливом комплексної терапії із застосуванням урсодезоксихолевої кислоти
Authors: M.I. Shved, T.V. Boiko, G.V. Lykhatska, V.I. Boiko, V.O. Lykhatska
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2013)

Вивчено динаміку клініко-біохімічних показників у хворих на цироз печінки під впливом комплексної терапії із застосуванням урсосану. Встановлено, що включення урсосану в комплексну терапію покращує лабораторні показники, призводить до суттєвого зниження проявів загальнозапального синдрому в печінці, що запобігає прогресуванню хвороби.
Accuracy of diagnosis of coronary artery disease by radionuclide management of left ventricular function during rest and exercise.
Authors: R HJones, PMcEwan, G ENewman, S KRerych, P MScholz, M TUpton, C APeter, E HAustin, K HLeong, R JGibbons, F RCobb, R EColeman, D CSabiston
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Rest and exercise radionuclide angiocardiographic measurements of left ventricular function were obtained in 496 patients who underwent cardiac catheterization for chest pain. Two hundred forty-eight of these patients also had an exercise treadmill test. An ejection fraction less than 50% was the abnormality of resting left ventricular function that provided the greatest diagnostic information. In patients with normal resting left ventricular function, exercise abnormalities that were optimal for diagnosis of coronary artery disease were an injection fraction at least 6% less than predicted, an increase greater than 20 ml in end-systolic volume and the appearance of an exercise-induced wall motion abnormality. The sensitivity and specificity of the test were lower in patients who were taking propranolol at the time of study and in patients who failed to achieve an adequate exercise end point. In the 387 patients with an optimal study, the test had a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 58%. Radionuclid...
Shall The Journal be Removed to Washington?
Authors: E. Chenery
Journal: JAMA (1891)

I thought he must be suffering from a dislocation, and asked him to allow me to examine the joint.I did not give him ether in the reduction of it.I told him we would first break up the adhesions if he was willing to stand it.He agreed to this, and after the adhesions were broken up, the dislo¬ cation was reduced very readily.I did not give an anaesthetic.Another case, a man fell from a moving train, falling on his shoulder and simply stated to the physician that he had fallen off the train and struck his shoulder.The physician did not look for a dislocation.It was allowed to go for about ten days.So that I think it is always necessary to inquire carefully, and in some cases to use an anaesthetic when in doubt.
Profound spatial heterogeneity of coronary reserve. Discordance between patterns of resting and maximal myocardial blood flow.
Authors: R EAustin, G SAldea, D LCoggins, A EFlynn, J IHoffman
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

We examined the ability of individual regions of the canine left ventricle to increase blood flow relative to baseline rates of perfusion. Regional coronary flow was measured by injecting radioactive microspheres over 90 seconds in seven anesthetized mongrel dogs. Preliminary experiments demonstrated a correlation between the regional distributions of blood flow during asphyxia and pharmacological vasodilatation with adenosine (mean r = 0.75; 192 regions in each of two dogs), both of which resulted in increased coronary flow. Subsequent experiments, during which coronary perfusion pressure was held constant at 80 mm Hg, examined the pattern of blood flow in 384 regions (mean weight, 106 mg) of the left ventricular free wall during resting flow and during maximal coronary flow effected by intracoronary adenosine infusion. We found that resting and maximal flow patterns were completely uncorrelated to each other in a given dog (mean r = 0.06, p = NS; n = 3 dogs). Furthermore, regional coronary reserve, defi...
Elevated 99mTcO4 − Activity in Adenocarcinoma of the Lung
Authors: Hui Ming, Yuanhao Chen, Hui Yu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

A 73-year-old man experienced chest tightness and shortness of breath for 9 months. Chest CT revealed a large right upper lobe mass. Pathology from CT-guided biopsy demonstrated poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the lung. Whole-body bone scan was acquired to evaluate possible bone metastasis. However, he was injected with 99mTcO4- erroneously instead of 99mTc-MDP. The images showed a focus of elevated activity of 99mTcO4- in the known lung lesion.