tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The clinical significance of bundle branch block complicating acute myocardial infarction. 1. Clinical characteristics, hospital mortality, and one-year follow-up.
Authors: M CHindman, G SWagner, MJaRo, J MAtkins, M MScheinman, R WDeSanctis, A HHutter, LYeatman, MRubenfire, CPujura, MRubin, J JMorris
Journal: Circulation (1978)

To provide an understanding of the clinical characteristics of patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) and bundle branch block, experience from five centers was accumulated. Patients in whom bundle branch block first appeared after the onset of cardiogenic shock were excluded. In 432 patients, the most common types of block were left (38%) and right with left anterior fascicular block (34%). In 42% of the patients, bundle branch block was new. Progression to high degree (second or third degree) atrioventricular (AV) block via a Type II pattern occurred in 22% of the patients. Hospital and first year follow-up mortality rates were 28% and 28%, respectively. Only 46% of the patients developed pulmonary edema or shock (Killip Class III or IV), and hospital mortality was related to the amount of heart failure (8%, 7%, 27%, 83% for Killip Classes I-IV, respectively). Patients with progression to second degree or third degree AV block via a Type II pattern had increased hospital mortality compared with p...
Effect of chemodenervation on the cerebral vascular and microvascular response to hypoxia.
Authors: MAnwar, IKissen, H RWeiss
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

This study evaluated the effect of bilateral carotid chemodenervation on the cerebrovascular response to hypoxia in conscious rats. Cerebral blood flow was measured using 4-iodo[N-methyl-14C]antipyrine, and the total and perfused microvasculature was studied by injection of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran and alkaline phosphatase staining. To maintain constant PCO2, hypoxia was achieved in chemoreceptor-intact rats by the use of 4% CO2-8% O2-88% N2 and in chemodenervated rats by the administration of 8% O2-92% N2. Blood gas and hemodynamic parameters were similar in the two groups of rats. Chemodenervation had no significant effect on either resting blood flow or the perfused microvasculature during normoxia. A significant increase in cerebral blood flow (from 71 +/- 3 to 138 +/- 9 ml/min/100 g in control and from 91 +/- 5 to 127 +/- 7 ml/min/100 g in chemodenervated rats) and in the percent of cerebral arterioles and capillaries perfused occurred in both hypoxic control and chemodenervated rats. In ch...
Comprehensive identification of somatic nucleotide variants in human brain tissue
Authors: Yifan Wang, Taejeong Bae, Jeremy Thorpe, Maxwell A. Sherman, Attila G. Jones, Sean Cho, Kenneth Daily, Yanmei Dou, Javier Ganz, Alon Galor, Irene Lobon, Reenal Pattni, Chaggai Rosenbluh, Simone Tomasi, Livia Tomasini, Xiaoxu Yang, Bo Zhou, Schahram Akbarian, Laurel L. Ball, Sara Bizzotto, Sarah B. Emery, Ryan Doan, Liana Fasching, Yeongjun Jang, David Juan, Esther Lizano, Lovelace J. Luquette, John B. Moldovan, Rujuta Narurkar, Matthew T. Oetjens, Rachel E. Rodin, Shobana Sekar, Joo Heon Shin, Eduardo Soriano, Richard E. Straub, Weichen Zhou, Andrew Chess, Joseph G. Gleeson, Tomas Marquès-Bonet, Peter J. Park, Mette A. Peters, Jonathan Pevsner, Christopher A. Walsh, Daniel R. Weinberger, Flora M. Vaccarino, John V. Moran, Alexander E. Urban, Jeffrey M. Kidd, Ryan E. Mills, Alexej Abyzov
Journal: Genome biology (2021)

Abstract Background Post-zygotic mutations incurred during DNA replication, DNA repair, and other cellular processes lead to somatic mosaicism. Somatic mosaicism is an established cause of various diseases, including cancers. However, detecting mosaic variants in DNA from non-cancerous somatic tissues poses significant challenges, particularly if the variants only are present in a small fraction of cells. Results Here, the Brain Somatic Mosaicism Network conducts a coordinated, multi-institutional study to examine the ability of existing methods to detect simulated somatic single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) in DNA mixing experiments, generate multiple replicates of whole-genome sequencing data from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, other brain regions, dura mater, and dural fibroblasts of a single neurotypical individual, devise strategies to discover somatic SNVs, and apply various approaches to validate somatic SNVs. These efforts lead to the identification of 43 bona fide somatic SNVs that range in variant allele fractions from ~ 0.005 to ~ 0.28. Guided by these results, we devise best practices for calling mosaic SNVs from 250× whole-genome sequencing data in the accessible portion of the human genome that achieve 90% specificity and sensitivity. Finally, we demonstrate that analysis of multiple bulk DNA samples from a single individual allows the reconstruction of early developmental cell lineage trees. Conclusions This study provides a unified set of best practices to detect somatic SNVs in non-cancerous tissues. The data and methods are freely available to the scientific community and should serve as a guide to assess the contributions of somatic SNVs to neuropsychiatric diseases.
Three peptides from the atrial natriuretic factor prohormone amino terminus lower blood pressure and produce diuresis, natriuresis, and/or kaliuresis in humans.
Authors: D LVesely, M ADouglass, J RDietz, W RGower, M TMcCormick, GRodriguez-Paz, D DSchocken
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDThree peptides consisting of amino acids 1-30, 31-67, and 79-98 of the 126-amino acid atrial natriuretic factor prohormone (proANF), which have blood pressure-lowering, diuretic, natriuretic, and/or kaliuretic properties in animals, were investigated to determine if they have similar properties in humans.METHODS AND RESULTSThirty-six healthy, normotensive human volunteers (18 men and 18 women, ages 20 to 58 years) were divided into six similar groups based on age, sex, weight, blood pressure, and heart rate. After a 60-minute baseline period, 100 ng of proANFs 1-30, 31-67, 79-98, or ANF/kg body wt per minute was given intravenously for 60 minutes followed by a 3-hour postinfusion data collection period. Each of the atrial natriuretic peptides decreased systolic and diastolic blood pressures (P < .05), with proANF 31-67 causing the largest decrease. Urine flow increased 4- to 12-fold and was still significantly increased (P < .01) for 2 to 3 hours after stopping the respective infusions of proANF...
An artificial intelligence system for distinguishing between gastrointestinal stromal tumors and leiomyomas using endoscopic ultrasonography
Authors: Xintian Yang, Han Wang, Qian Dong, Yonghong Xu, Hua Liu, Xiaoying Ma, Jing Yan, Qian Li, Chenyu Yang, Xiaoyu Li
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Background Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and gastrointestinal leiomyomas (GILs) are the most common subepithelial lesions (SELs). All GISTs have malignant potential; however, GILs are considered benign. Current imaging cannot effectively distinguish GISTs from GILs. We aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) system to differentiate these tumors using endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS). Methods The AI system was based on EUS images of patients with histologically confirmed GISTs or GILs. Participants from four centers were collected to develop and retrospectively evaluate the AI-based system. The system was used when endosonographers considered SELs to be GISTs or GILs. It was then used in a multicenter prospective diagnostic test to clinically explore whether joint diagnoses by endosonographers and the AI system can distinguish between GISTs and GILs to improve the total diagnostic accuracy for SELs. Results The AI system was developed using 10 439 EUS images from 752 participants with GISTs or GILs. In the prospective test, 132 participants were histologically diagnosed (36 GISTs, 44 GILs, and 52 other types of SELs) among 508 consecutive subjects. Through joint diagnoses, the total accuracy of endosonographers in diagnosing the 132 histologically confirmed participants increased from 69.7 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 61.4 %–76.9 %) to 78.8 % (95 %CI 71.0 %–84.9 %; P = 0.01). The accuracy of endosonographers in diagnosing the 80 participants with GISTs or GILs increased from 73.8 % (95 %CI 63.1 %–82.2 %) to 88.8 % (95 %CI 79.8 %–94.2 %; P = 0.01). Conclusions We developed an AI-based EUS diagnostic system that can effectively distinguish GISTs from GILs and improve the diagnostic accuracy of SELs.
A1-adenosine receptor-mediated inhibition of isoproterenol-stimulated protein phosphorylation in ventricular myocytes. Evidence against a cAMP-dependent effect.
Authors: R CGupta, JNeumann, PDurant, A MWatanabe
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

cAMP content and protein phosphorylation were determined in unlabeled and 32P-labeled guinea pig ventricular myocytes. Isoproterenol (10 nM, 37 degrees C, 10 seconds) increased cAMP content (236%) and phospholamban (265%) and troponin I (135%) phosphorylation in ventricular myocytes. When isoproterenol (0-300 nM) and the A1-adenosine receptor agonist (-)-N6-phenylisopropyladenosine (PIA, 1 microM) or the A1- and A2-adenosine receptor agonist 5'-(N-ethylcarboxamido)-adenosine (NECA, 1 microM) were administered simultaneously, both adenosine receptor agonists attenuated phospholamban phosphorylation to approximately the same extent (40%). The EC50 value for isoproterenol to phosphorylate phospholamban was 8 +/- 1 nM (n = 3), which increased to 31 +/- 4 nM (n = 3) in the presence of PIA or NECA. IC50 values for PIA or NECA to decrease the phosphorylation of phospholamban were 30 or 32 nM in 10 nM isoproterenol-stimulated cells and 80 or 85 nM in 30 nM isoproterenol-stimulated cells. Both adenosine receptor a...
Evidence for increased media thickness, increased neuronal amine uptake, and depressed excitation--contraction coupling in isolated resistance vessels from essential hypertensives.
Authors: CAalkjaer, A MHeagerty, K KPetersen, J DSwales, M JMulvany
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

The functional and morphologic characteristics of isolated subcutaneous resistance vessels (about 170 micron i.d.) from 15 untreated subjects with essential hypertension and 15 matched controls were examined. The vessels from the hypertensives had a 29% increase in the media-thickness-to-lumen-diameter ratio. The maximal force development to noradrenaline (NA) expressed as active pressure (an estimate of the pressure the vessels could have contracted against in vivo) was 30% higher in vessels from the hypertensives, while active media stress (force per square unit of smooth muscle) and sensitivity to NA was not significantly different. Increased active pressure, as well as unaltered active media stress and sensitivity, was seen for vasopressin, serotonin, angiotensin II, and K+. There was, however, an enhanced leftward shift of the NA sensitivity with cocaine (an inhibitor of the neuronal amine pump) in vessels from the hypertensives [pD2(+cocaine) and pD2(-cocaine) were 0.185 +/- 0.53) and 0.040 +/- 0.04...
(27) Lupus erythematosus profundus
Authors: P.R. Coburn, Etain Cronin
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1983)

Journal Article (27) Lupus erythematosus profundus Get access P. R. Coburn, P. R. Coburn Central Middlesex Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Etain Cronin Etain Cronin Central Middlesex Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 109, Issue s24, 1 July 1983, Page 81, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1983.tb11634.x Published: 01 July 1983
Electrophysiologic and antiarrhythmic effects of sotalol in patients with life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias.
Authors: KNademanee, GFeld, JHendrickson, P NSingh, B NSingh
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Sotalol is a unique beta-blocker that lengthens cardiac repolarization and effective refractory period (ERP). Its efficacy after intravenous (1.5 mg/kg) and oral (160 to 480 mg bid) administration was therefore evaluated in 37 patients with refractory recurrent ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation (VT/VF). Thirty-five patients, 33 with inducible VT/VF, underwent electrophysiologic testing. Intravenous sotalol lengthened the ERP in the atrium (+24.6%, p less than .01), atrioventricular node (+24.9%, p less than .01), and ventricle (+14.9%, p less than .01). It also significantly lengthened sinus node recovery time, corrected QT interval (QTc), and the AH interval, but not the HV interval. Sotalol prevented reinduction of VT/VF in 15 patients (45.5%). Twenty-five of the 33 patients (15 with positive results of electrophysiologic tests; 10 with negative results) were given oral sotalol. The drug was ineffective in seven (26.9%) and aggravated arrhythmia in one (3.8%). In four patients sotalol was withdrawn b...
Pindolol acts as beta-adrenoceptor agonist in orthostatic hypotension.
Authors: S Mann
Journal: BMJ (1981)

less than 16 units being indicative of fat malabsorp- tion (where units=O dose/mmol CO2 x body weight in kg x 10-2).On the basis of faecal fat excretion two patients had steatorrhoea with values of 32 3 and 57 mmol/ 24 hours.The patient, however, with the highest faecal fat output (57 mmol/24 hours) had a normal 4CO2 excretion at 16 2 units.Furthermore, of the five patients with normal faecal fat excretion, three yielded maximum G4CO2 excretion results sugges- tive of fat malabsorption (4 4, 12 3, and 6-7 units).Thus in this group of seven patients with liver disease three false-positive results and one false-negative result were obtained when the '4CO2-GTP test was compared with faecal fat excretion.These results therefore suggest that the '4CO2-GTP breath test does not provide a reliable alternative to faecal-fat analysis in the detection of steatorrhoea in patients with liver disease, who may have disordered metabolism of tripalmitate.
Erythrocyte ferritin content in idiopathic haemochromatosis and alcoholic liver disease with iron overload.
Authors: L Muylle, F L Van de Vyver, P P Blockx
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Hypocholesterolaemia and cancer?SIR,-The largest study so far was not mentioned in Dr K G Taylor's leading article (21 May, p 1598).In an international collaborative analysis,' which included a large UK centre, we found that the association with a low serum cholesterol concentration was not specific for colon cancer and that it was almost entirely short term.(table ).It seems that the main, and Mean difference in cholesterol concentrations and number of deaths Mean cholesterol difference (mmol/l) Period of follow up (years) All cancers Colon cancer 1 -0-75 (70) -0-65 (4) 2-5 -0-10 (616) -0-23 (41) 6-10 -0-05 (798) +0-08 (60)Conversion: SI to traditional units-Cholesterol: 1 mmol/l 38-7 mg/100 ml.Values in parentheses = number of deaths.possibly the whole, explanation of the associa- tion in many populations is the presence of an undetected cancer when the cholesterol concentration was measured.
Prognosis in primary ventricular tachycardia in the pediatric patient.
Authors: D MBergdahl, J GStevenson, IKawabori, W GGuntheroth
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Five male pediatric patients with primary ventricular tachycardia are described. Although three were initially in congestive heart failure due to the tachycardia and were extremely difficult to manage, all have completely recovered, are not taking medication, and are free of arrhythmia. Three of the patients required long-term management with quinidine, with a therapeutic goal of controlling the heart rather than abolishing the arrhythmia. No growth disturbances were found in those three patients. A review of reported cases revealed 71 infants and children with ventricular tachycardia not associated with heart disease or systemic disorders; only four deaths were reported (5.6%). In the primary form of ventricular tachycardia in children, complete pharmacologic suppression may not be achieved without seriously endangering the normal electrophysiologic functions. Controlling the rate to an asymptomatic level with pharmacologic means is safer for a problem that may be self-limited.
Blood-tissue exchange via transport and transformation by capillary endothelial cells.
Authors: J BBassingthwaighte, C YWang, I SChan
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

The escape of solutes from the blood during passage along capillaries in heart and skeletal muscle occurs via diffusion through clefts between endothelial cells and, for some solutes, via adsorption to or transport across the luminal plasmalemma of the endothelial cell. To quantitate the rates of permeation via these two routes of transport across capillary wall, we have developed a linear model for transendothelial transport and illustrated its suitability for the design and analysis of multiple simultaneous indicator dilution curves from an organ. Data should be obtained for at least three solutes: 1) an intravascular reference, albumin; 2) a solute transported by endothelial cells; and 3) another reference solute, of the same molecular size as solute 2, which neither binds nor traverses cell membranes. The capillary-tissue convection-permeation model is spatially distributed and accounts for axial variation in concentrations, transport through and around endothelial cells, accumulation and consumption ...
Sympathetic stimulation and norepinephrine infusion modulate extracellular potassium concentration during acute myocardial ischemia.
Authors: M RWarner, T SKroeker, D PZipes
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether sympathetic stimulation modulated the rise in extracellular K+ concentration ([K+]o) evoked by acute myocardial ischemia. In 35 alpha-chloralose-anesthetized dogs, we measured changes in [K+]o during acute myocardial ischemia in the presence and absence of sympathetic stimulation or norepinephrine infusion. A series of four 5-minute occlusions of the distal left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was completed in 18 dogs. Thirty minutes of reperfusion separated each LAD occlusion. Four to five K(+)-sensitive electrodes were inserted into the left ventricular midmyocardium that was perfused by the distal LAD. Lead II of the electrocardiogram, arterial pressure, and [K+]o were recorded, and the right atrium was paced at a constant cycle length. The first, second, and fourth LAD occlusions were done in the absence of sympathetic stimulation or norepinephrine infusion. The changes in [K+]o evoked by the first LAD occlusion differed (p < 0.05) from th...
Effect of left ventricular volume on right ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relation. Resetting of regional preload in right ventricular free wall.
Authors: SYamaguchi, KTsuiki, HMiyawaki, YTamada, IOhta, HSukekawa, MWatanabe, TKobayashi, SYasui
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Effect of left ventricular (LV) volume on right ventricular (RV) end-systolic pressure-volume relation (ESPVR) was investigated, and the mechanism was examined from a standpoint of the alteration of RV free wall mean fiber length. Twelve cross-circulated isovolumically contracting canine hearts in which both ventricular volumes were controlled independently were used, and RV-ESPVR was determined at three different LV volume levels. At small (10.2 +/- 0.6 ml), middle (15.3 +/- 1.0 ml), and large (20.5 +/- 1.4 ml) LV volume, the slope of the RV-ESPVR was 2.63 +/- 0.13, 2.74 +/- 0.13, and 2.89 +/- 0.12 mm Hg/ml, respectively, and each value was significantly different from the others (p less than 0.01). The volume intercept (V0) of the relation (RV-V0) was significantly decreased with the increment of LV volume (RV-V0 in small, middle, and large LV volume; 3.92 +/- 0.68, 3.39 +/- 0.67, and 2.87 +/- 0.71 ml, respectively; p less than 0.01). In nine hearts, RV free wall lengths in latitudinal and meridional di...
Enhancement of recovery of myocardial function by oxygen free-radical scavengers after reversible regional ischemia.
Authors: M LMyers, RBolli, R FLekich, C JHartley, RRoberts
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Reperfusion after reversible regional ischemia has been shown to result in delayed recovery of myocardial function, but the mechanism responsible for this phenomenon remains unknown. We explored the potential role of oxygen-free radicals as mediators of postischemic dysfunction in open-chest dogs undergoing a 15 min occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) followed by 2 hr of reperfusion. Treated animals (n = 19) received an infusion of the oxygen free-radical scavengers superoxide dismutase (SOD; 15,000 U/kg) and catalase (CAT; 55,000 U/kg) for 1 hr starting 15 min before LAD occlusion, while control animals (n = 20) received an equal volume of saline. SOD and CAT produced no discernible effect on heart rate, aortic pressure, or left atrial pressure. Collateral flow to the ischemic zone (radioactive microspheres) was 0.07 +/- 0.01 ml/min/g in both groups. The size of the occluded bed as determined by postmortem perfusion was 26.1 +/- 1.2% of the left ventricle in the control group ...
Echocardiography in mechanical alternans. With a note on the findings in discordant alternans within the left ventricle.
Authors: ID'Cruz, H CCohen, RPrabhu, GGlick
Journal: Circulation (1976)

We described the echocardiographic manifestations of mechanical alternation of left ventricular (LV) contraction during regular sinus rhythm. Chronic LV dilatation and failure existed in all our four cases. Alternation was observed with respect to the following echocardiographic variables: amplitude and rate of increase of amplitude of systolic excursions of the LV posterior wall and ventricular septum (VS); reciprocal changes in the duration of LV ejection and pre-ejection periods (on the aortic valve echo) such that the total duration of LV electromechanical systole remained constant; reciprocal changes in the duration of RV ejection and pre-ejection periods (on the pulmonic valve echo) such that the total duration of RV electromechanical systole remained constant; systolic anterior excursion of the aortic root as a whole; steepness of the mitral EF slope; septal and LV posterior wall diastolic position; and end-systolic LV diameter. In two patients, discordant alternans of the motion of the LV posterio...
Combined renovascular hypertension and diabetes in rats: a new preparation of congestive cardiomyopathy.
Authors: F SFein, J MCapasso, R SAronson, SCho, CNordin, BMiller-Green, E HSonnenblick, S MFactor
Journal: Circulation (1984)

Myocardial function, electrophysiologic characteristics, and structure were studied in rats with both renovascular hypertension and streptozotocin-induced diabetes (HD). Ventricular papillary muscles from untreated rats with HD showed a marked slowing of isometric and isotonic contractions. Peak developed tension and peak shortening were preserved, except in one animal with findings of congestive heart failure. Transmembrane action potentials increased fivefold in duration. Myocardial interstitial fibrosis was frequently observed. Physiologic parameters of rats with HD treated by left nephrectomy, captopril, and insulin were very similar to those of age-matched controls. The mortality rate of rats with HD was 43% over 5 to 6 months in the first study. In a second study, spontaneously dying rats with HD were compared with those deliberately killed. A 55% mortality was observed over 7 months. Myocardial structural damage and histologic evidence of congestive heart failure were more frequent in spontaneously...