tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 15566: Autonomic Modulation by Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: Who Benefits?
Authors: Catherine F Notarius, Daniel A Keir, Mark B Badrov, Philip J Millar, Paul Oh, John S Floras
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Elevated muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) both at rest and during dynamic cycling relates inversely to peak oxygen uptake (VO 2peak ) in patients with heart failure due to a reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). We observed a drop in MSNA both rest (-6±2 bursts/min) and mild exercise (-4±2) in HFrEF patients after 6 months of cardiac rehabilitation. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that after training those HFrEF patients with LOW VO2peak (less than median 74% of age predicted) would have a larger decrease in MSNA during dynamic exercise than those with HIGH VO2peak (over 74%). Methods: In 21 optimally treated HFrEF patients (5 Female) (13 HIGH: mean VO 2peak =26 ml·kg/min; 98% of predicted; 8 LOW VO 2peak =12; 50%) we assessed VO 2peak (open-circuit spirometry), heart rate variability (HRV) and fibular MSNA (microneurography) at rest, during 1-leg cycling (2 min each of mild and moderate intensity upright 1-leg cycling, n=19) and recovery before and after 6 months of exercise training (45 min aerobic exercise, 5 days/ wk at 60-70 % of VO 2peak; and resistance training 2 days/wk). Results: HIGH and LOW groups had similar age (63±3 vs 63±4 years) , LVEF (30±2 vs 28±3%), BMI, resting heart rate (HR), blood pressure and MSNA (52±3 vs 50±3 bursts/min). Training increased VO 2peak in both groups (main effect P=0.009), with no group difference in HR response or ratings of perceived exertion. MSNA at rest tended to decrease after training in the HIGH but not LOW group (interaction P=0.08). MSNA during cycling increased in both HIGH (P=0.04) and LOW (P&lt;0.001) groups but was blunted post-training in the HIGH group only (P=0.04 vs. 0.90 in LOW). Training-induced sympatho-inhibition during exercise recovery occurred in the HIGH but not LOW group (interaction P=0.01). In contrast, HRV was not improved by training in either group. Conclusions: Contrary to our hypothesis, the sympatho-inhibitory effect of 6 months of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation favours HFrEF patients with an already normal VO 2peak . This suggests that increasing initially low VO 2peak may be insufficient to trigger beneficial exercise and recovery autonomic modulation and altered training paradigms may be required in such patients. Funded by Canadian Institutes for Health Research (CIHR)
Non-epidemic HCV genotypes in low- and middle-income countries and the risk of resistance to current direct-acting antiviral regimens
Authors: Rajiv Shah, Lucrece Ahovegbe, Marc Niebel, James Shepherd, Emma C. Thomson
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2021)

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an extremely diverse virus, subtypes of which are distributed variably around the world. Viral genotypes may be divided into epidemic subtypes; those that have become prevalent globally, and endemic subtypes that have a more limited distribution, mainly in Africa and Asia. The high variability of endemic strains reflects evolutionary origins in the locations where they are found. This increased genetic diversity raises the possibility of resistance to pan-genotypic direct-acting antiviral regimens. While many endemic subtypes respond well to direct-acting antiviral therapies, others, for example genotypes 1l, 3b and 4r, do not respond as well as predicted. Many genotypes that are rare in high-income countries but common in other parts of the world have not yet been fully assessed in clinical trials. Further sequencing and clinical studies in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia are indicated to monitor response to treatment and to facilitate the World Health Organization's 2030 elimination strategy.
Outcomes of Patients with Baseline Marrow Fibrosis at Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Authors: Pavan Kumar Bhamidipati, Han Se-Young, Shivaprasad Manjappa, Ningying Wu, Ravi Vij, Amanda F. Cashen, John F DiPersio, Camille N. Abboud
Journal: Blood (2017)
71P Impact of body mass index (BMI) on pathological complete response (pCR) and survival of breast cancer (BC) patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC)
Authors: D. Aguiar Bujanda, L. Ros Sanjuan, D. Perez Cabrera, L. Croissier Sanchez, M. Mori De Santiago, M. Hernandez Sosa, A.M. Vargas Prado, S. Galvan Ruiz, C. Antonilli Perez, R. Ten Benajes, B. Fox, R. Martinez Garcia-Cervantes, G. Rubio Romero, R. Hanselmann, S. Saura Grau
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Variation in Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing Rates and Prostate Cancer Treatments and Outcomes in a National 20-Year Cohort
Authors: Oskar Bergengren, Marcus Westerberg, Lars Holmberg, Pär Stattin, Anna Bill-Axelson, Hans Garmo
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

<h3>Importance</h3> The diagnostic activity for prostate cancer has increased during the past decades. However, the benefit and harm of the increased diagnostic activity have not been quantified in detail for a country or a large region. <h3>Objective</h3> The aim of this study was to evaluate and quantify the association between increases in diagnostic activity driven by prostate-specific antigen testing and incidence of prostate cancer diagnosis, treatment, and mortality. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This cohort study used the Proxy-Based Risk-Stratified Incidence Simulation Model–Prostate Cancer to examine observed data on all Swedish men with prevalent prostate cancer and compare them with a corresponding, hypothetical, simulated scenario with more restrictive diagnostic activity. All men aged 40 to 100 years living in Sweden during the time period 1996 to 2016 with incident and prevalent prostate cancer were included. The second scenario is the corresponding, hypothetical, simulated scenario where diagnostic activity remained constant as of 1996 (the beginning of the prostate-specific antigen testing era) throughout the study period. <h3>Exposures</h3> High or low diagnostic activity for prostate cancer. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Incidence of prostate cancer diagnosis, treatment (deferred treatment, curative treatment, and hormonal treatment), and prostate cancer mortality. <h3>Results</h3> During the study period from 1996 to 2016, 188 884 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer at a median (interquartile range) age of 71 (64-77) years. Compared with the low–diagnostic activity scenario, in the high–diagnostic activity scenario, the number of men diagnosed with prostate cancer was 48% higher (423 vs 286 [95% CI, 271-302] per 100 000 men per year), 148% more men were diagnosed with low- or intermediate-risk cancer (221 vs 89 [95% CI, 73-105] per 100 000 men per year), and 108% more men received curative treatment (152 vs 73 [95% CI: 66-85] per 100 000 men per year). There were up to 15% fewer prostate cancer deaths in the scenario with high–diagnostic activity (incidence rate ratio, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.82-0.88). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> This study’s results suggest that increased prostate-specific antigen testing and diagnostic activity are associated with a larger number of men being diagnosed with prostate cancer, predominately with low- and intermediate-risk disease. The increased diagnostic activity was associated with a 2-fold increase in curative treatment and a modest decrease in mortality.
Abstract 15764: Evaluation of Pulmonary Hypertension World Health Organization Group II in the Perioperative Setting
Authors: Martin Marak, Danielle Tatum, Denzil Moraes
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) categorizes pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) into 5 groups. Group II classification denotes PHTN secondary to left-heart disease and accounts for nearly 75% of all cases. However, there is limited data regarding the effect of PHTN Group II status on outcomes in the perioperative setting. Hypothesis: PHTN WHO Group II is an independent risk factor for adverse cardiopulmonary events in the perioperative setting. Methods: Retrospective review of patients who underwent intra-abdominal surgery between January 2014 - August 2019 and had previously obtained an echocardiogram. PHTN Group II was defined as estimated pulmonary artery pressure (EPAP) &gt; 30mmHg on echocardiogram . Other forms of PHTN were excluded. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were defined as heart failure exacerbation, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, 30 day readmission, and death. Surgical risk was categorized as low (laparoscopic) or intermediate (open). Results: By echocardiogram findings, 65 of the 178 (36.3%) patients included were Group II PHTN. Between surgical risk classes, Group II PHTN was older (mean age 73.7 years v 60.5; P&lt; 0.01), had more comorbidities including systolic (9.70% v 21.5%, P=0.03) and diastolic (22.1% v 34.5%, P &lt; 0.01) heart failure, and were more likely to have a MACE ( 6.2% v 43.1%, P &lt; 0.01). PHTN Group II patients with intermediate-risk surgeries demonstrated significantly more MACE than control (11.2% v 43.7%, P &lt;0.01) without significant difference in comorbidities. Conclusions: Group II PHTN is an independent risk factor for MACE in patients undergoing intermediate risk surgery compared to non-PHTN counterparts. Additional studies involving severity of pulmonary hypertension may provide further insight into risk stratification.
Response to Comment on Gregory et al. COVID-19 Severity Is Tripled in the Diabetes Community: A Prospective Analysis of the Pandemic’s Impact in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2021;44:526–532
Authors: Justin M. Gregory, James C. Slaughter, Sara H. Duffus, T. Jordan Smith, Lauren M. LeStourgeon, Sarah S. Jaser, Allison B. McCoy, James M. Luther, Erin R. Giovannetti, Schafer Boeder, Jeremy H. Pettus, Daniel J. Moore
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

We thank Maahs et al. for their insightful comments (1) regarding our prospective cohort study quantifying the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with diabetes (2). We are pleased to learn no death or mechanical ventilation related to COVID-19 in pediatrics has been reported to the T1D Exchange registry to date. Death and mechanical ventilation are fortunately rare events in all of pediatrics, however. For this reason, comparing the odds of hospitalization or a greater severity of illness against a matched control group may better quantify excess COVID-19 risk in pediatric diabetes and guide policy.

Our initial report analyzed COVID-19 cases identified through 7 August 2020. Since then, our patient accrual has grown from 6,138 to 21,929 with no diabetes, 40 to 160 with type …
The Impact of Durvalumab on Local-Regional Control in Stage III NSCLCs Treated With Chemoradiation and on KEAP1-NFE2L2-Mutant Tumors
Authors: Narek Shaverdian, Michael Offin, Annemarie F. Shepherd, Charles B. Simone, Daphna Y. Gelblum, Abraham J. Wu, Matthew D. Hellmann, Andreas Rimner, Paul K. Paik, Jamie E. Chaft, Daniel R. Gomez
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
International Prospective Registry of Acute Coronary Syndromes in Patients With COVID-19
Authors: Thomas A. Kite, Peter F. Ludman, Chris P. Gale, Jianhua Wu, Adriano Caixeta, Jacques Mansourati, Manel Sabate, Pilar Jimenez-Quevedo, Luciano Candilio, Parham Sadeghipour, Angel M. Iniesta, Stephen P. Hoole, Nick Palmer, Albert Ariza-Solé, Alim Namitokov, Hector H. Escutia-Cuevas, Flavien Vincent, Otilia Tica, Mzee Ngunga, Imad Meray, Andrew Morrow, Md Minhaj Arefin, Steven Lindsay, Ghada Kazamel, Vinoda Sharma, Aly Saad, Gianfranco Sinagra, Federico Ariel Sanchez, Marek Roik, Stefano Savonitto, Marija Vavlukis, Shankar Sangaraju, Iqbal S. Malik, Sharon Kean, Nick Curzen, Colin Berry, Gregg W. Stone, Bernard J. Gersh, Anthony H. Gershlick
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Association of Screening Lower Endoscopy With Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Adults Older Than 75 Years
Authors: Wenjie Ma, Kai Wang, Long H. Nguyen, Amit Joshi, Yin Cao, Reiko Nishihara, Kana Wu, Shuji Ogino, Edward L. Giovannucci, Mingyang Song, Andrew T. Chan
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2021)

Evidence indicates that screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) beginning at 50 years of age can detect early-stage CRC and premalignant neoplasms (eg, adenomas) and thus prevent CRC-related mortality. At present, the US Preventive Services Task Force recommends continuing CRC screening until 75 years of age and individualized decision-making for adults older than 75 years, while accounting for a patient's overall health and screening history. However, scant data exist to support these recommendations.To examine the association of lower gastrointestinal tract screening endoscopy with the risk of CRC incidence and CRC-related mortality in older US adults.This prospective cohort study of health care professionals in the US included data from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) from January 1, 1988, through January 31, 2016, for the HPFS and June 30, 2016, for the NHS. Data were analyzed from May 8, 2019, to July 9, 2020.History of screening sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy (routine/average risk or positive family history) to 75 years of age and after 75 years of age, assessed every 2 years.Incidence of CRC and CRC-related mortality confirmed by National Death Index, medical records, and pathology reports.Among 56 374 participants who reached 75 years of age during follow-up (36.8% men and 63.2% women), 661 incident CRC cases and 323 CRC-related deaths were documented. Screening endoscopy after 75 years of age was associated with reduced risk of CRC incidence (multivariable hazard ratio [HR], 0.61; 95% CI, 0.51-0.74) and CRC-related mortality (HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.46-0.78), regardless of screening history. The HR comparing screening with nonscreening after 75 years of age was 0.67 (95% CI, 0.50-0.89) for CRC incidence and 0.58 (95% CI, 0.38-0.87) for CRC-related mortality among participants who underwent screening endoscopy before 75 years of age, and 0.51 (95% CI, 0.37-0.70) for CRC incidence and 0.63 (95% CI, 0.43-0.93) for CRC-related mortality among participants without a screening history. However, screening endoscopy after 75 years of age was not associated with risk reduction in CRC death among participants with cardiovascular disease (HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.59-2.35) or significant comorbidities (HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 0.57-2.43).In this cohort study, endoscopy among individuals older than 75 years was associated with lower risk of CRC incidence and CRC-related mortality. These data support continuation of screening after 75 years of age among individuals without significant comorbidities.
Mesenchymal stem cell-based bioengineered constructs enhance vaginal repair in ovariectomized rhesus monkeys
Authors: Yidi Ma, Ye Zhang, Juan Chen, Lei Li, Xudong Liu, Lin Zhang, Congcong Ma, Yuan Wang, Weijie Tian, Xiaochen Song, Yaqian Li, Lan Zhu
Journal: Biomaterials (2021)
Abstract 15558: Characterization of Sarcolemmal K <sub>Atp</sub> Channels in Human Ipsc-derived Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Robert Geiger, Naheed Fatima, Michael Klein, Robert E Goldstein, Mark C HAIGNEY, Thomas P Flagg
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Background: The ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP) plays a key role in protecting heart muscle during metabolic challenges such as ischemia. KATP activation causes action potential shortening that reduces calcium entry and contraction thus reducing calcium overload induced damage and preserving energy reserves. Cardiomyocytes derived from human inducible pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) have emerged as a model to study cardiac function, however there are few studies that have focused on KATP. Methods: In the present study, cardiomyocytes were either generated from hiPSC using heparin- based chemically defined media or purchased from Cellular Dynamics (iCells2). Expression of the pore-forming (Kir6.2) and regulatory (SUR1 &amp; SUR2) subunits of the KATP channel during differentiation were assessed using western blot. KATP function was assessed by measuring the field potential duration (FPD) and spontaneous beat rate in a confluent monolayer using the Axion Maestro multielectrode array system. Cells were probed using the KATP activators P1075 and diazoxide, specific for SUR2 and SUR1, respectively. Results: We found that the pore-forming subunit of the sarcolemmal KATP channel (Kir6.2) was expressed in iPSC and maintained throughout the course of differentiation. Consistent with the typical composition of sarcolemmal KATP, we observe a significant increase of SUR2 but little SUR1 protein following Wnt inhibition. Functionally, the FPD is markedly reduced by P1075 in a concentration-dependent manner, with 24% reduction at 100 nM and 92 % reduction at 100 μM. Moreover, glibenclamide 10μM reduces FPD shortening confirming a role for KATP. Finally, we observe little change in FPD when cells are exposed to diazoxide (100 μM) consistent with reduced SUR1 protein levels. Conclusion: These results indicate that cardiomyocytes derived from human iPSC express the KATP channel composed of primarily the SUR2 isoform and suggest that iPSC derived cardiomyocytes would be an effective model for studying the role of KATP during metabolic challenges.
Immunotherapies targeting stimulatory pathways and beyond
Authors: Julian A. Marin-Acevedo, ErinMarie O. Kimbrough, Rami Manochakian, Yujie Zhao, Yanyan Lou
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2021)

Co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory molecules play a critical role in T cell function. Tumor cells escape immune surveillance by promoting immunosuppression. Immunotherapy targeting inhibitory molecules like anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 were developed to overcome these immunosuppressive effects. These agents have demonstrated remarkable, durable responses in a small subset of patients. The other mechanisms for enhancing anti-tumor activities are to target the stimulatory pathways that are expressed on T cells or other immune cells. In this review, we summarize current phase I/II clinical trials evaluating novel immunotherapies targeting stimulatory pathways and outline their advantages, limitations, and future directions.
Poster Exhibition : Comparison of Various Scoring Systems for Predicting Short-Term Mortality in Patients with Alcoholic Hepatitis (초)
Authors: Tae Yeob Kim, Joo Hyun Sohn, Hye Sun Park, Joong Ho Bae, Yil Sik Hyun, Sang Bong Ahn, Chang Soo Eun, Yong Cheol Jeon, Dong Soo Han
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2009)
Abstract 16561: Comparative Effectiveness of a Precision Medicine Blood Test versus Cardiac Stress Testing or Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Among Patients With Suspected Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Joseph A Ladapo, Christina L Cool, Alexandra Lansky
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Overutilization of advanced cardiac testing and unnecessary referrals to invasive coronary angiography are significant clinical and health policy concerns. A blood-based precision med...
7P An optimized Breast Cancer Index node-positive (BCIN+) prognostic model for late distant recurrence in patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) node-positive breast cancer
Authors: G-J. Liefers, I. Noordhoek, Y. Zhang, D.C. Sgroi, H. Putter, K. Treuner, J. Wong, E. Meershoek-Klein Kranenbarg, M. Duijm-De Carpentier, C. van de Velde, C.A. Schnabel
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Abstract 17380: Can Understanding of National Search Engine Queries Inform Heart Failure Prevention? National Internet Search Engine Queries Correlates With CHF Prevalence but Not Outcomes
Authors: adebayo atanda, Olajide Buhari, Mohammed Alarfaj, Hassan Khalil, Alberto Batresh, Shaneke Weerakoon, Kenechukwu Nwagbara, Oluwafunmilayo Atanda, Andrew Choi
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Congestive heart failure (CHF) remains an epidemic with rising prevalence and a contributing cause of 1 in 9 deaths in the United States. An understanding of internet search engines for congestive heart failure as informational and initial diagnostic tools may enable targeted education strategies. Hypothesis: There is a correlation between CHF google search and outcomes. Methods: We used google trends, a publicly available google tool, to identify search frequency for CHF and related terms like early signs of heart failure, congestive heart failure facts over a 2 year period from 2014-2016 across regions of the United States. We then evaluated the prevalence of hospitalization and mortality rates among Medicare beneficiaries based on Center for Disease Control (CDC) data. Utilizing Pearson correlation (R) test, we determined the association between relative search frequency (RSF) in various states versus CHF hospitalization and mortality rates. Results: Across the 50 states in United States, there were 25 searches related to the search terms. There was a moderate positive correlation (R 0.4-0.7) between CHF hospitalization (R= 0.43) and mortality (R=0.51) with relative search frequency in google trends. Conclusions: We demonstrated a correlation between internet search and CHF prevalence and hospitalization. The emergence of data analytics in CHF care may enable greater understanding of patient questions in CHF to better target education and prevention.
Abstract 15728: Machine Learning Helps Predict Short and Intermediate-term Risk for All Cause Mortality in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Pradyumna Agasthi, Hasan Ashraf, Chieh-Ju Chao, Panwen Wang, Mohamed Allam, Sai Harika Pujari, F D Fortuin, Mackram F Eleid, Eric Yang, Nirat Beohar, farouk mookadam, David R Holmes, Reza Arsanjani
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Background: Identifying patients at a high risk of mortality post percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is of vital clinical importance. We investigated the utility of machine learning algorithms to predict short and intermediate-term risk of all-cause mortality in patients undergoing PCI. Methods: Patient-level demographics, clinical, electrocardiographic ,echocardiographic and angiographic data from January 2006 to December 2017 were extracted from the Mayo Clinic CathPCI registry and clinical records. For patients with multiple PCI events, data collected at the time of the index PCI was used for analysis. Patients who underwent bailout coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) prior to discharge were excluded. 306 variables were incorporated into random forest machine learning model (RF) to predict all-cause mortality at 6 months and 1 year after PCI. Ten-fold cross-validation repeated five times was used to optimize the hyperparameters and estimate its external performance. The National Cardiovascular Data Registry (NCDR) based logistic regression model was used for comparison. The area under receiver operator characteristic curves (AUC) was calculated to assess the ability of the models to predict all-cause mortality. Results: A total of 17356 unique patients were included for the final analysis after excluding 165 patients who underwent CABG surgery during the index hospitalization. The mean age was 66.9 ± 12.5 years;71% were male. Indications for PCI were ST-elevation myocardial infarction (9.4%), non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (12.9%), unstable angina (17.7%), and stable angina (52.8%) in the cohort. In-hospital, 6-month &amp; 1 year mortality rates were 1.9%,4.2% &amp; 5.8% respectively. The RF model was superior to the NCDR model in predicting inhospital, 6-month, 1 year mortality (p&lt;0.0001) ( Figure 1 ). Conclusion: Machine learning is superior to NCDR model in predicting short and intermediate risk of all-cause mortality post PCI.