tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Direct Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia on Depression Prevention and the Mediation Effect via Insomnia Remission—Reply
Authors: Michael R. Irwin, Richard Olmstead
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2022)

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Multicenter, Randomized, Phase III Trial of Short-Term Radiotherapy Plus Chemotherapy Versus Long-Term Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer (STELLAR)
Authors: Jing Jin, Yuan Tang, Chen Hu, Li-Ming Jiang, Jun Jiang, Ning Li, Wen-Yang Liu, Si-Lin Chen, Shuai Li, Ning-Ning Lu, Yong Cai, Yong-Heng Li, Yuan Zhu, Guang-Hui Cheng, Hong-Yan Zhang, Xin Wang, Su-Yu Zhu, Jun Wang, Gao-Feng Li, Jia-Lin Yang, Kuan Zhang, Yihebali Chi, Lin Yang, Hai-Tao Zhou, Ai-Ping Zhou, Shuang-Mei Zou, Hui Fang, Shu-Lian Wang, Hai-Zeng Zhang, Xi-Shan Wang, Li-Chun Wei, Wen-Ling Wang, Shi-Xin Liu, Yuan-Hong Gao, Ye-Xiong Li
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

To ascertain if preoperative short-term radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy is not inferior to a standard schedule of long-term chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.Patients with distal or middle-third, clinical primary tumor stage 3-4 and/or regional lymph node-positive rectal cancer were randomly assigned (1:1) to short-term radiotherapy (25 Gy in five fractions over 1 week) followed by four cycles of chemotherapy (total neoadjuvant therapy [TNT]) or chemoradiotherapy (50 Gy in 25 fractions over 5 weeks, concurrently with capecitabine [chemoradiotherapy; CRT]). Total mesorectal excision was undertaken 6-8 weeks after preoperative treatment, with two additional cycles of CAPOX (intravenous oxaliplatin [130 mg/m2, once a day] on day 1 and capecitabine [1,000 mg/m2, twice a day] from days 1 to 14) in the TNT group and six cycles of CAPOX in the CRT group. The primary end point was 3-year disease-free survival (DFS).Between August 2015 and August 2018, a total of 599 patients were randomly assigned to receive TNT (n = 302) or CRT (n = 297). At a median follow-up of 35.0 months, 3-year DFS was 64.5% and 62.3% in TNT and CRT groups, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.883; one-sided 95% CI, not applicable to 1.11; P < .001 for noninferiority). There was no significant difference in metastasis-free survival or locoregional recurrence, but the TNT group had better 3-year overall survival than the CRT group (86.5% v 75.1%; P = .033). Treatment effects on DFS and overall survival were similar regardless of prognostic factors. The prevalence of acute grade III-V toxicities during preoperative treatment was 26.5% in the TNT group versus 12.6% in the CRT group (P < .001).Short-term radiotherapy with preoperative chemotherapy followed by surgery was efficacious with acceptable toxicity and could be used as an alternative to CRT for locally advanced rectal cancer.
CIRCULATING PROGENITOR CELL COUNT: AN INDEPENDENT BIOMARKER OF ADVERSE OUTCOMES IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Anurag Mehta, Qi Meng, Syed F. Ahmad, Annie Ho, Shivang Desai, Devinder Dhindsa, Joshua Zuniga, Shabatun Islam, Zakaria Almuwaqqat, Aditi Nayak, Laurence S. Sperling, Edmund K. Waller, Arshed A. Quyyumi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Sensitizing immune unresponsive colorectal cancers to immune checkpoint inhibitors through MAVS overexpression
Authors: Bin-Jin Hwang, Li-Chung Tsao, Chaitanya R Acharya, Timothy Trotter, Pankaj Agarwal, Junping Wei, Tao Wang, Xiao-Yi Yang, Gangjun Lei, Takuya Osada, Herbert Kim Lyerly, Michael A Morse, Zachary Conrad Hartman
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2022)

Background The majority of colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) are insensitive to programmed death protein-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (anti-PD-1/PD-L1) immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) antibodies. While there are many causes for ICI insensitivity, recent studies suggest that suppression of innate immune gene expression in tumor cells could be a root cause of this insensitivity and an important factor in the evolution of tumor immunosuppression. Methods We first assessed the reduction of mitochondrial antiviral signaling gene (MAVS) and related RIG-I pathway gene expression in several patient RNA expression datasets. We then engineered MAVS expressing tumor cells and tested their ability to elicit innate and adaptive anti-tumor immunity using both in vitro and in vivo approaches, which we then confirmed using MAVS expressing viral vectors. Finally, we observed that MAVS stimulated PD-L1 expression in multiple cell types and then assessed the combination of PD-L1 ICI antibodies with MAVS tumor expression in vivo. Results MAVS was significantly downregulated in CRCs, but its re-expression could stimulate broad cellular interferon-related responses, in both murine and patient-derived CRCs. In vivo, local MAVS expression elicited significant anti-tumor responses in both immune-sensitive and insensitive CRC models, through the stimulation of an interferon responsive axis that provoked tumor antigen-specific adaptive immunity. Critically, we found that tumor-intrinsic MAVS expression triggered systemic adaptive immune responses that enabled abscopal CD8 +T cell cytotoxicity against distant CRCs. As MAVS also induced PD-L1 expression, we further found synergistic anti-tumor responses in combination with anti-PD-L1 ICIs. Conclusion These data demonstrate that intratumoral MAVS expression results in local and systemic tumor antigen-specific T cell responses, which could be combined with PD-L1 ICI to permit effective anti-tumor immunotherapy in ICI resistant cancers.
PREOPERATIVE LEFT AND RIGHT STRAIN IN SURGICAL PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AFTER LEFT ATRIAL VS BI-ATRIAL MAZE PROCEDURE
Authors: Olga N. Kislitsina, James D. Thomas, S. Chris Malaisrie, Bonnie Kane, Jane T. Kruse, Manyun Zhao, Adin-Cristian Andrei, James L. Cox, Patrick M. McCarthy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
HSR22-180: Real-World Treatment Patterns and Outcomes of Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy in BRAF+ Cutaneous Melanoma Patients Treated in the Adjuvant Setting
Authors: Melinda L. Yushak, Sanjay Chandrasekaran, You-Li Ling, Jackson Tang, Deborah Norton, Rohan Shah
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2022)

"HSR22-180: Real-World Treatment Patterns and Outcomes of Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy in BRAF+ Cutaneous Melanoma Patients Treated in the Adjuvant Setting" published on 31 Mar 2022 by National Comprehensive Cancer Network.
Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany: Results From the DPV Registry
Authors: Clemens Kamrath, Joachim Rosenbauer, Alexander J. Eckert, Kai Siedler, Heike Bartelt, Daniela Klose, Marina Sindichakis, Silke Herrlinger, Valentina Lahn, Reinhard W. Holl
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)

The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Germany compared with previous years.Based on data from the multicenter German Diabetes Prospective Follow-up Registry, we analyzed the incidence of type 1 diabetes per 100,000 patient-years in children and adolescents from 1 January 2020 through 30 June 2021. Using Poisson regression models, expected incidences for 2020/21 were estimated based on the data from 2011 to 2019 and compared with observed incidences in 2020/21 by estimating incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% CIs.From 1 January 2020 to 30 June 2021, 5,162 children and adolescents with new-onset type 1 diabetes in Germany were registered. The observed incidence in 2020/21 was significantly higher than the expected incidence (24.4 [95% CI 23.6-25.2] vs. 21.2 [20.5-21.9]; IRR 1.15 [1.10-1.20]; P < 0.001). IRRs were significantly elevated in June 2020 (IRR 1.43 [1.07-1.90]; P = 0.003), July 2020 (IRR 1.48 [1.12-1.96]; P < 0.001), March 2021 (IRR 1.29 [1.01-1.65]; P = 0.028), and June 2021 (IRR 1.39 [1.04-1.85]; P = 0.010).A significant increase in the incidence of type 1 diabetes in children was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a delay in the peak incidence of type 1 diabetes by ∼3 months after the peak COVID-19 incidence and also after pandemic containment measures. The underlying causes are yet unknown. However, indirect rather than direct effects of the pandemic are more likely to be the cause.
LEFT VENTRICULAR REMODELING AFTER JENAVALVE TRILOGY TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT IN PATIENTS WITH PURE AORTIC REGURGITATION
Authors: Lauren Sharan Ranard, Shawn Gogia, Nadira Hamid, Rebecca T. Hahn, Tamim M. Nazif, Sarah E. Borden, Vivian Ng, Isaac George, Martin B. Leon, Susheel K. Kodali, Torsten P. Vahl, Omar K. Khalique
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
ALTERNATIVE MODEL FOR THE PRECLINICAL EVALUATION OF TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVES: ACUTE, SUB-ACUTE AND CHRONIC FOLLOW UP OF AORTIC BANDING IN OVINE
Authors: Piotr P. Buszman, Mateusz Kachel, Krzysztof Milewski, Wojciech Domaradzki, Witold Gerber, Carlos Fernandez, Armando Tellez, Magdalena Michalak, Karolina Lukasik, Marta Konopko, Maciej Pruski, Katarzyna Czerwińska, Marek Cisowski, Jerzy Nożyński, Adam Bochenek, Pawel E. Buszman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Abstract ES1-3: The ideal partner to HER2 directed therapies
Authors: S Hurvitz
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

Abstract Approximately ten percent of breast cancers are characterized by amplification/overexpression of HER2 with expression of one or both hormone receptors, deemed “double positive” or “triple positive” breast cancer. Though this cancer subtype has a lower chance of pathologic complete response with neoadjuvant therapy, it benefits as much from HER2-targeted therapies and has a long-term outcome that is as good or better than outcomes associated with the hormone receptor negative, HER2-positive subtype. Importantly, hormone receptor expression provides another opportunity to target additional signaling pathways implicated in tumor cell growth and survival, thus potentially expanding the armamentarium of effective therapeutics for this cancer subtype. In this presentation, clinical trial evidence evaluating the use of HER2-targeted agents plus endocrine therapy in the curative and advanced stage settings will be considered, including recent data directly comparing an endocrine-based versus chemotherapy-based approach. Results from studies evaluating whether the addition of endocrine therapy to chemotherapy plus HER2-directed treatment leads to antagonistic, null, or additive effects will be presented. The benefit of HER1/HER2-directed tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as lapatinib and neratinib based on tumor hormone receptor expression will be assessed. Finally, data from preclinical and clinical studies evaluating novel therapeutic strategies including the use of CDK4/6- or PI3K-pathway inhibitors will be considered and ongoing clinical trials addressing the optimal management of this disease subtype will be reviewed. Citation Format: S Hurvitz. The ideal partner to HER2 directed therapies [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr ES1-3.
CORONARY ARTERY CALCIUM FOR RISK STRATIFICATION OF SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH:THE CORONARY ARTERY CALCIUM CONSORTIUM
Authors: Alexander Razavi, S M Iftekhar Uddin, Zeina Dardari, Daniel S. Berman, Matthew J. Budoff, Michael D. Miedema, Albert Osei, Adekunle Oluwatosin Obisesan, Khurram Nasir, Alan Rozanski, John A. Rumberger, Leslee J. Shaw, Laurence S. Sperling, Seamus P. Whelton, Martin Bødtker Mortensen, Michael Blaha, Omar Dzaye
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Lifecourse socioeconomic position and cohort differences in health expectancy in Australia: a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Richard Tawiah, Carol Jagger, Kaarin J Anstey, Kim M Kiely
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2022)

BackgroundThere is a need to know how changes in health expectancy differ for population subgroups globally. The aim of this study was to estimate 10-year trends in health expectancies by individual markers of socioeconomic position from three points over the lifecourse, evaluating how compression and expansion of morbidity have varied within a national population.MethodsWe analysed data from two cohorts of the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia survey. The cohorts were followed annually from 2001 to 2007 (n=4720; baseline age range 50–100 years) and 2011 to 2017 (n=6632; baseline age range 50–99 years). Health expectancies were estimated at age 65 years for four outcomes reflecting activity limitations, disability, perceived health, and mental health. Cohort differences were compared by gender, age left school, occupational prestige, and housing tenure.FindingsWomen with low socioeconomic position were the only group with no improvements in life expectancy across the two cohorts. Among men with low education and all women gains in life expectancy comprised entirely of years lived with global activity limitations. Compression of years lived with severe-disability, poor self-rated health, and poor mental health was most consistently observed for men and women with high education and home ownership. Occupational prestige did not greatly differentiate cohort differences in health expectancies.InterpretationOver the past two decades in Australia, social disparities in health expectancies have at least been maintained, and have increased for some outcomes. Equitable gains in health expectancies should be a major public health goal, and will help support sustainable health and social care systems.FundingAustralian Research Council.
GENDER RELATED DIFFERENCES IN OUTCOMES OF SEVERE CALCIFIC MITRAL STENOSIS: A PROPENSITY SCORE MATCHED COHORT STUDY
Authors: Yoshihito Saijo, Nicholas Chan, Maria Vega Brizneda, Hassan Mehmood Lak, Reza Reyaldeen, A. Marc Gillinov, Gosta Pettersson, Shinya Unai, Christine Louise Jellis, Richard A. Grimm, Brian P. Griffin, Bo Xu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Accurate long‐term prediction of death for patients with cirrhosis
Authors: David Goldberg, Alejandro Mantero, David Kaplan, Cindy Delgado, Binu John, Nadine Nuchovich, Ezekiel Emanuel, Peter P. Reese
Journal: Hepatology (2022)

Cirrhosis is a major cause of death and is associated with extensive health care use. Patients with cirrhosis have complex treatment choices due to risks of morbidity and mortality. To optimally counsel and treat patients with cirrhosis requires tools to predict their longer-term liver-related survival. We sought to develop and validate a risk score to predict longer-term survival of patients with cirrhosis.We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adults with cirrhosis with no major life-limiting comorbidities. Adults with cirrhosis within the Veterans Health Administration were used for model training and internal validation, and external validation used the OneFlorida Clinical Research Consortium. We used four model-building approaches including variables predictive of cirrhosis-related mortality, focused on discrimination at key time points (1, 3, 5, and 10 years). Among 30,263 patients with cirrhosis ≤75 years old without major life-limiting comorbidities and complete laboratory data during the baseline period, the boosted survival tree models had the highest discrimination, with 1-year, 3-year, 5-year, and 10-year survival rates of 0.77, 0.81, 0.84, and 0.88, respectively. The 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year discrimination was nearly identical in external validation. Secondary analyses with imputation of missing data and subgroups by etiology of liver disease had similar results to the primary model.We developed and validated (internally and externally) a risk score to predict longer-term survival of patients with cirrhosis. This score would transform management of patients with cirrhosis in terms of referral to specialty care and treatment decision-making for non-liver-related care.
<i>Notes From the Field:</i> Xylazine-Related Deaths — Cook County, Illinois, 2017–2021
Authors: Neeraj Chhabra, Mojde Mir, Miao Jenny Hua, Sarah Berg, Juleigh Nowinski-Konchak, Steve Aks, Ponni Arunkumar, Keiki Hinami
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2022)
A NEW MODEL OF 24/7 12-LEAD ECG AND TELEMETRY IN CCU MONITORING FOR PROMPT ROMI AND ARRHYTHMIA CARE AT HOME: 7-YEAR EXPERIENCE
Authors: Michael Y. Shen, Kareem Osman, Kaelin Edward DeMuth, Yi-Xing Liu, Sheree Baron, Ahmed F. Osman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Functions and consequences of AID/APOBEC-mediated DNA and RNA deamination
Authors: Riccardo Pecori, Salvatore Di Giorgio, J. Paulo Lorenzo, F. Nina Papavasiliou
Journal: Nature Reviews Genetics (2022)

The AID/APOBEC polynucleotide cytidine deaminases have historically been classified as either DNA mutators or RNA editors based on their first identified nucleic acid substrate preference. DNA mutators can generate functional diversity at antibody genes but also cause genomic instability in cancer. RNA editors can generate informational diversity in the transcriptome of innate immune cells, and of cancer cells. Members of both classes can act as antiviral restriction factors. Recent structural work has illuminated differences and similarities between AID/APOBEC enzymes that can catalyse DNA mutation, RNA editing or both, suggesting that the strict functional classification of members of this family should be reconsidered. As many of these enzymes have been employed for targeted genome (or transcriptome) editing, a more holistic understanding will help improve the design of therapeutically relevant programmable base editors. In this Perspective, Pecori et al. provide an overview of the AID/APOBEC cytidine deaminase family, discussing key structural features, how they contribute to viral and tumour evolution and how they can be harnessed for (potentially therapeutic) base-editing purposes.
META-ANALYSIS COMPARING LONG-TERM CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION VERSUS NO INTERVENTION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC TOTAL OCCLUSION
Authors: Abdalazeem Ibrahem, Mohamed Farag, Ying X GUE, Nikolaos Spinthakis, Ayman Al-Atta, Hind Elzein, Mohaned Egred
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
ADIPOKINES AS MARKERS OF METABOLIC HEALTH AMONG INDIVIDUALS WITH AND WITHOUT OBESITY: THE ATHEROSCLEROSIS RISK IN COMMUNITIES (ARIC) STUDY
Authors: Bige Ozkan, Sui Zhang, Justin Echouffo Tcheugui, Roberta Florido, Vijay Nambi, Erin D. Michos, Wendy S. Post, Gary Gerstenblith, Roger S. Blumenthal, Ron Hoogeveen, Christie M. Ballantyne, Josef Coresh, Elizabeth Selvin, Chiadi E. Ndumele
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Endoscopic submucosal resection: a new addition to our toolbox?
Authors: Alanna Ebigbo
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

Various techniques are available to interventional endoscopists for the resection of colorectal lesions. The most common is endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), which involves submucosal injection and snare resection of the lesion, either in a piecemeal fashion or en bloc, depending on the size and the morphology of the lesion. In underwater EMR (UEMR), the target lesion is submerged in water, and the resulting pseudopolyp is then resected with a standard snare [1]. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), in contrast to EMR and UEMR, is a more tedious procedure and requires a high level of expertise. In the hands of nonexperts, ESD is time consuming and may have higher complication rates, especially in the colon [2]. The advantages of these resection techniques depend strongly on the setting and indication for which each is applied. Piecemeal EMR remains the most commonly used technique and can be correctly applied to lesions with a low risk of submucosal invasive cancer, such as granular-type lesions. The major drawback of piecemeal EMR is the risk of recurrence, which can be as high as 20 % [3]. UEMR, on the other hand, is faster and, in some cases, more efficient than standard EMR in terms of R0, en bloc, and recurrence rates but remains to be adopted on a broad scale [4]. In expert hands, colorectal ESD produces excellent en bloc resection rates with low recurrence rates [5]; however, the tortuous nature of the colonic lumen and the thin wall, especially in the cecum, limit its widespread application in Europe.
Assessment of Risk Factors and Early Presentations of Parkinson Disease in Primary Care in a Diverse UK Population
Authors: Cristina Simonet, Jonathan Bestwick, Mark Jitlal, Sheena Waters, Aaron Ben-Joseph, Charles R. Marshall, Ruth Dobson, Soha Marrium, John Robson, Benjamin M. Jacobs, Daniel Belete, Andrew J. Lees, Gavin Giovannoni, Jack Cuzick, Anette Schrag, Alastair J. Noyce
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2022)

Early features of Parkinson disease (PD) have been described through population-based studies that overrepresent White, affluent groups and may not be generalizable.
AN OFF-LABEL LIFESAVER: TRANSCATHETER MITRAL VALVE REPAIR FOR SEVERE MITRAL REGURGITATION ASSOCIATED WITH HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY
Authors: Darren Harrison, Sergio Montano, William Kessler, Sneha Vakamudi, Mark M. Gajjar, Clay Cauthen, Mark J. Pirwitz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN CUMULATIVE SOCIAL RISK, PSYCHOSOCIAL RISK, AND IDEAL CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH: INSIGHTS FROM THE HEARTSCORE STUDY
Authors: Julia Berkowitz, Vishal Khetpal, Justin Echouffo Tcheugui, Aryan N. Aiyer, Kevin E. Kip, Steven E. Reis, Sebhat Erqou
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)