tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Contents
Authors: P Burra, F Tacke, V Ratziu, S Zeuzem, B Sangro, P Angeli, L Fabris, J Andersen, L Fouassier, J Unfried, P Fortes, R Rai, Y Liu, S Iyer, S Liu, B Gupta, C Desai, P Kumar, T Smith, A Singhi, A Nusrat, C Parkos, S Monga, M Czaja, F Anania, R Raeman, H Hagström, M Talbäck, A Andreasson, G Walldius, N Hammar, P Jepsen, F Kraglund, J West, G Villadsen, H Sørensen, H Vilstrup, G Papatheodoridis, G Dalekos, R Idilman, V Sypsa, F Van Boemmel, M Buti, J Calleja, J Goulis, S Manolakopoulos, A Loglio, M Papatheodoridi, N Gatselis, R Veelken, M Lopez-Gomez, B Hansen, S Savvidou, A Kourikou, J Vlachogiannakos, K Galanis, C Yurdaydin, R Esteban, H Janssen, T Berg, P Lampertico, D Roulot, S Brichler, R Layese, Z Benabdesselam, F Zoulim, V Thibault, C Scholtes, B Roche, C Castelnau, T Poynard, O Chazouillères, N Ganne, H Fontaine, J Gournay, D Guyader, F Le Gal, P Nahon, F Roudot-Thoraval, E Gordien, M Iavarone, R D'ambrosio, A Soria, M Triolo, N Pugliese, P Poggio, G Perricone, S Massironi, A Spinetti, E Buscarini, M Viganò, C Carriero, S Fagiuoli, A Aghemo, L Belli, M Lucà, M Pedaci, A Rimondi, M Rumi, P Invernizzi, P Bonfanti, N Mazumder, S Celaj, K Atiemo, A Daud, K Jackson, A Kho, J Levitsky, D Ladner, J Trebicka, W Gu, L Ibáñez-Samaniego, V Hernández-Gea, C Pitarch, E Garcia, B Procopet, Á Giráldez, L Amitrano, C Villanueva, D Thabut, G Silva-Junior, J Martinez, J Genescà, C Bureau, E Llop, W Laleman, J Palazon, J Castellote, S Rodrigues, L Gluud, C Ferreira, R Barcelo, N Cañete, M Rodríguez, A Ferlitsch, J Mundi, H Gronbaek, M Hernández- Guerra, R Sassatelli, A Dell'era, M Senzolo, J Abraldes, M Romero- Gómez, A Zipprich, M Casas, H Masnou, M Primignani, E Weiss, M.-V Catalina, H.-P Erasmus, F Uschner, M Schulz, M Brol, M Praktiknjo, J Chang, A Krag, F Nevens, M Robic, I Conejo, A Albillos, M Rudler, E Alvarado, M Guardascione, M Tantau, J Bosch, F Torres, A Desai, S Knapp, E Orman, L Ghabril, M Nephew, P Anderson, N Ginès, K Chalasani, -M Regimbeau, J.-Y Mabrut, O Scatton, E Vibert, M Mcnamara, A Lopes, H Wasan, D Malka, D Goldstein, J Shannon, T Okusaka, J Knox, A Wagner, T André, D Cunningham, M Moehler, L Jensen, D Koeberle, T Bekaii-Saab, J Bridgewater, J Valle
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Economics
Authors: John M. Eisenberg
Journal: JAMA (1994)

The past decade—from Medicare fee freezes in 1984 to the debate over health system reform today—has focused attention on how payment policies influence physicians' practices. Prior to 1989, when Congress passed legislation reforming Medicare physician payment, physicians' real income (corrected for inflation) consistently increased at a rate greater than that of average US workers.<sup>1</sup>From 1982 to 1989, physicians' real income increased 24% while the income of other workers increased 9%.<sup>2</sup>In the Medicare program, the largest component of the increase in income was because of greater volume and intensity of physician services. For example, growth in volume and intensity accounted for 41% of the 8.2% annual increase in inpatient allowed charges by physicians, whereas increased case-mix complexity accounted for 27% and increases in price accounted for 31%. Growth in volume and intensity was especially important in cardiology, gastroenterology, and some other medical specialities, where allowed charges increased
Publisher Correction: XCR1+ type 1 conventional dendritic cells drive liver pathology in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Aleksandra Deczkowska, Eyal David, Pierluigi Ramadori, Dominik Pfister, Michal Safran, Baoguo Li, Amir Giladi, Diego Adhemar Jaitin, Oren Barboy, Merav Cohen, Ido Yofe, Chamutal Gur, Shir Shlomi-Loubaton, Sandrine Henri, Yousuf Suhail, Mengjie Qiu, Shing Kam, Hila Hermon, Eylon Lahat, Gil Ben Yakov, Oranit Cohen-Ezra, Yana Davidov, Mariya Likhter, David Goitein, Susanne Roth, Achim Weber, Bernard Malissen, Assaf Weiner, Ziv Ben-Ari, Mathias Heikenwälder, Eran Elinav, Ido Amit
Journal: Nature Medicine (2022)
Transplantation Immunology
Authors: Charles H. Kirkpatrick
Journal: JAMA (1987)

TRANSPLANTATION of tissues and organs is an artificial biologic event, but it has provided a means for temporary or long-term treatment for failure of a variety of organs. Corneal transplantation has restored sight to thousands of persons,<sup>1</sup>and skin grafts are regularly used to cover injured tissues in burn patients. Since the 1960s, kidney transplantation has prolonged the healthy and productive lives of many persons with chronic renal failure.<sup>2</sup>Transplantation of bone marrow is widely used for treatment of aplastic anemia<sup>3-5</sup>and is beneficial for some patients with malignant diseases such as leukemia<sup>6-9</sup>or immune deficiency syndromes.<sup>10</sup>Bone marrow transplantation is also being evaluated as a method for correction of certain genetically determined diseases.<sup>11</sup>During recent years, transplantation of the heart<sup>12-14</sup>and liver<sup>15,16</sup>has become common, and progress is being made toward successful transplantation of the lung,<sup>17</sup>pancreas,<sup>18</sup>and other organs.
The role of the digital computer in nuclear medicine
Authors: D. W. Brown
Journal: JAMA (1968)

In nuclear medicine the digital computer is expected to become very useful in the education of residents and technicians, in the coding, searching, and delivery of clinical reports of isotope procedures, and in the keeping and constant updating of an inventory of all the isotopes stocked in the laboratory. The value of most of the function studies carried out in the isotope laboratory can also be improved by the application of modern statistical methods and numerical analysis, and greater objectivity and reliability can be brought to radioisotope scanning. A systems analysis approach to the conduct of the entire laboratory is also being investigated.
177Lu-FAPI Therapy in a Patient With End-Stage Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Fatemeh Kaghazchi, Ramin Akbarian Aghdam, Shirin Haghighi, Reza Vali, Zohreh Adinehpour
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2022)

Abstract A 52-year-old woman with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma underwent imaging with 18 F-FDG PET/CT and 68 Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT, which demonstrated malignancy recurrence in the surgical bed with multiple metastatic lesions, more extensive on 68 Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT. The patient was a candidate for therapy with 177 Lu-FAPI-46 due to high uptake of lesions in 68 Ga-FAPI-46 images and no other available therapeutic option. Posttreatment 177 Lu-FAPI-46 scans showed rather rapid washout of the radiopharmaceutical from tumoral lesions. This case report suggests that, although 68 Ga-FAPI-46 is a promising agent for tumor imaging, 177 Lu-FAPI-46 may not be an optimal compound for theranostic applications.
Efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced gastric cancer in elderly patients: A phase II trial (KSCC1801).
Authors: Hideo Uehara, Mitsuhiko Ota, Yoshiko Matsuda, Satoshi Tsutsumi, Tetsuya Kusumoto, Hisateru Yasui, Yasunari Ubukata, Shohei Yamaguchi, Hiroyuki Orita, Yoshiki Horie, Saburo Kakizoe, Mototsugu Shimokawa, Eiji Oki, Yoshihiro Kakeji, Hiroshi Saeki, Masaki Mori
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

254 Background: Gastrectomy with D2 dissection and adjuvant chemotherapy is currently the standard treatment for locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) in Asian countries. However, administering chemotherapy with sufficient intensity after gastrectomy is often challenging. Thus, several trials have been undertaken to demonstrate the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). NAC-SOX regimen for LAGC has been already shown to reduce distant micro-metastasis and to improve the R0 resection rate by tumor shrinkage in Asian trials. However, there have been few studies of the feasibility of NAC-SOX for elderly patients with LAGC. KSCC1801 is a phase II study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of NAC-SOX in elderly patients aged 70 years or over with LAGC. Methods: Patients received three cycles of SOX as neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by gastrectomy with D2 dissection. Oxaliplatin was administered intravenously (130 mg/m 2 ) on day 1, and S-1 was administered orally (80- 120 mg/day) for 14 days followed by 7-day rest period. The primary endpoint was the dose intensity (DI). A sample size of 25 was set according to a one-sided significance level of 0.025 and a power of 80% on the basis of a one-sample t-test and assuming a null hypothesis of a 75% DI and an alternative hypothesis of an 85% DI with an estimated standard deviation of 14%. The secondary endpoints were safety, R0 resection rate, response rate, overall survival, and relapse-free survival. Results: Twenty-six patients were enrolled in this study. The median age was 74.5 years. The median DI in NAC-SOX was 97.2% for S-1 and 98.3% for oxaliplatin. Three cycles of NAC could be performed in 25 patients (96.2%), of whom 23 (88.5%) underwent gastrectomy with D2 dissection. The R0 resection rate was 92.3% and the pathological response rate (≥grade 1b) was 62.5% [95% confidence interval: 40.6 - 81.2]. The major adverse events (≥grade 3) were neutropenia (20.0%), thrombocytopenia (11.5%), anorexia (11.5%), nausea (7.7%) and hyponatremia (7.7%). Postoperative complications of abdominal infection, elevated blood amylase, and bacteremia occurred in one patient each. One treatment-related death occurred, probably due to severe diarrhea and dehydration. Conclusions: NAC-SOX was feasible and promising even in elderly patients. Systemic management and more careful monitoring of adverse events are necessary for elderly patients. Clinical trial information: jRCTs071180001.
Allergen immunotherapy for allergic airway diseases: Use lessons from the past to design a brighter future
Authors: Laura Hesse, J.N.G. Oude Elberink, Antoon J.M. van Oosterhout, Martijn C. Nawijn
Journal: Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2022)

Allergic respiratory diseases, such as allergic dermatitis, food allergy, allergic rhino conjunctivitis and allergic asthma, are chronic inflammatory diseases with increasing prevalence. Symptoms include such as watery or itchy itching of the mouth, skin, or the eyes, swelling of the face or throat, sneezing, congestion or vomiting, wheezing, shortness of breath and coughing. For allergic asthma, additional symptoms include tightness of chest, cough, wheezing, and reversible airflow limitation. These symptoms can be triggered by inhalation of allergens such as food allergens or airborne allergens such as those from tree- or grass pollen and house dust mites. Pharmacological intervention in allergic disease includes the use of antihistamines, immune suppressive drugs and in case of asthma, the use of (long acting) beta-agonists for relaxation of the constricted airways. These treatment options merely suppress symptoms and do not cure the disease. Allergen immunotherapy (AIT), in contrast, has the capacity of inducing long-term tolerance, with symptom relief persisting decennia after discontinuation of treatment, despite recurrent re-exposure to the allergen. However, AIT is not effective for all allergic disorders, and treatment for several years is required to obtain long-term protection. Moreover, some forms of AIT have safety concerns, with risk of mild to severe allergic reactions. To improve safety and efficacy of AIT, the underlying mechanisms have been studied extensively in the clinic as well as in experimental models of allergic airway inflammation. Despite more than a century of clinical experience and a vast body of experimental and translational studies into the immunological and cellular mechanisms underpinning its therapeutic potential, AIT is still not implemented in routine clinical care for allergic asthma. This review provides an overview of the substantial developments that contribute to our knowledge of the pathogenesis of allergic airway diseases, the mechanism of action of AIT, its treatment routes and schedules, the standardization of extracts and use of adjuvantia. Moreover, the main conclusions from experimental models of AIT with regard to the safety and effectiveness of the treatment are summarized, and future directions for further improvements are outlined. AIT urgently requires further improvements in order to increase its efficiency and shorten the treatment duration while remaining safe and cost-effective.
Editorial Board
Authors: P Coates, Olivier Devuyst, Tilman Drueke, Paris Ckd, Jürgen Floege, Aachen Glomerulonephritis, Agnes Fogo, T Alp Ikizler, Jai Radhakrishnan, York Kir, Germaine Wong, Pierre Ronco, Brad Rovin, Detlef Schlöndorff, New York, Qais Al-Awqati, Saulo Klahr, St Louis, Thomas Andreoli, Little Rock, Roscoe Robinson, Durham Nephrology, Christina Wyatt, Vic Hasselblad, Jacksonville Zhezhen, Joseph Kim, Yi-Ju Li, , Durham, Dorothea Nitsch, London Ramakrishnan, Anupam Agarwal, Hans Anders, Jonathan Barratt, David Basile, Francois Berthoux, Emmanuel Loire, São Burdmann, Daniel Paulo, Christos Toronto, Yi-Pu Paris, Erik Chen, Steven Christensen, New Coca, Terence York, London Cook, D Vivette, New Agati, Farhad York, John Danesh, Andrew Daugirdas, Ian Davenport, Marc De Boer, Vikas Antwerp, St Dharnidharka, Kent Louis, Zheng Doi, Adriana Dong, Kai-Uwe Oviedo, Berlin Eckardt, Eiam-Ong Somchai, Michael Emmett, Dallas Endre, Sydney Evan, Pieter Evenepoel, Sarah Leuven, Denver Faubel, Fernando Faul, Rochester Fervenza, Danilo Mineola, Alessia Homburg, Barry Miami, Winston-Salem Freedman, Isehara Masafumi Fukagawa, Vesna Garg, Rochester Garovic, Laguna Glassock, Glenda Niguel, David Gobe, New Goldfarb, Matthew York, Mark Griffin, Angeles Haas, John Haase, Cijiang He, Michelle Hladunewich, Thomas Hostetter, Chi-Yuan Cleveland, San Hsu, Tobias Francisco, Benjamin Huber, St Humphreys, Reiko Louis, Jula Tokyo, Dallas Inrig, Francisco Kirsten Johansen, Roberto Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh, Iowa Kalil, Yashpal City, Chicago Kanwar, New Kaskel, Krzysztof York, York Kiryluk, Clayton Kitching, Matthias Kopp, Ann Kretzler, Christian Arbor, Christophe Bonn, Paris Legendre, Los Lemley, Adeera Angeles, Philip Levin, Hong Li, Christoph Kong, John Toronto, Rochester Lieske, Jiannong Little, Kathleen Liu, San Liu, Youhua Francisco, Zhi-Hong Liu, Nanjing Liu, Dallas Lu, Matthias Berlin, Johannes Mack, Peter Mann, Hamilton Margetts, New Glen Markowitz, Ziad York, Kunihiro Paris, Rajnish Matsushita, Timothy Mehrotra, Palo Meyer, Jeffrey Alto, St Miner, William Louis, Houston Mitch, Jeremiah Moeller, St Morrissey, Rosa Louis, São Moysés, Rama Paulo, Peter Duarte, David Nelson, Clayton Nikolic-Paterson, Klaus Charlottesville, Juan Oliver, York Charles O'neill, Atlanta Panzer, Mark Perazella, New Haven, Janos Peti-Peterdi, Los Angeles, Laura Plantinga, Atlanta Pollak, Didier Boston, Ambra Charlottesville, Susan Pozzi, Chicago Quaggin, Pia Maria, Milan Rastaldi, San Reeves, Heather Antonio, Jochen Reich, Giuseppe Reiser, Sharon Bergamo, Mariano Clayton, Mitchell Rodriguez, Michael Rosner, Robert Ross, Simone Safirstein, New Sanna-Cherchi, Antonio York, Kai Santoro, New Schmidt-Ott, Stephan York, Aarau Segerer, Sharma Kumar, La Jolla, Katalin Susztak, Tetsuhiro Tanaka, Tokyo Sydney, C Tang, Hong Kong, Ravi Thadhani, Joshua Boston, Jens Denver, Marcello Singapore, Frank Tonelli, Manjeri Van Der Sande, San Venkatachalam, Carsten Antonio, Joel Wagner, Ann Weinberg, Matthew Arbor, Donald Weir, Temple Wesson, Jack Westenfelder, Adam Wetzels, Myles Whaley-Connell, Keng-Thye Durham, Kwan-Dun Woo, Taiwan Wu, Yusuke Suzuki, Tokyo Zeisberg
Journal: Kidney International (2018)
Chemical Castration
Authors: Harvey Rothberg
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The paper by H. A. Freckman et al, "Chlorambucil-Prednisolone Therapy for Disseminated Breast Carcinoma" (<i>JAMA</i><b>189</b>:23 [July 6] 1964), is of some interest and value. However, the authors' statement that "Castration can be achieved with chlorambucil...." does not seem to be well founded, nor is it supported by the data they present. The authors use two criteria for "chemical castration." The first is cessation of menses; the second is histologically demonstrated absence of ovarian primordial follicles. But amenorrhea is such a nonspecific response that it can hardly be considered as equivalent to absence of estrogen production, particularly in chronically ill patients with disseminated malignancy. Histological demonstration of absence of primordial follicles was recorded for only three women, each in her fifth decade; it is of course quite impossible to say that these women were not entering into their natural menopause. In this regard it is noteworthy
Abstract 325: Probenecid Downregulates Kidney Pendrin and AQP-2 and Potentiates Hydrochlorothiazide Diuresis
Authors: Manoocher Soleimani, Sharon Barone, Kamyar Zahedi, Jie Xu
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

Background: Concurrent inactivation of the kidney Na-Cl co-transporter NCC and the Cl - /HCO 3 - exchanger pendrin leads to significant salt wasting, whereas single deletion of NCC does not cause any significant salt wasting, indicating that pendrin mitigates the salt excretion caused by NCC inactivation. Probenecid is a uricosuric agent that, in addition, exhibits positive ionotropic effect in the heart and inhibits pendrin in the kidney. Hypothesis: Pretreatment with probenecid will inactivate/downregulate pendrin; therefore, leaving NCC as the main salt absorbing transporter in the distal nephron, and hence enhancing the hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) diuresis. Results: Male Sprague Dawley rats were treated with probenecid intraperitoneally (IP) at 250 or 100 mg/kg for 6 days and then received HCTZ while being maintained on probenecid for 4 more days. Urine output increased from 9.8 at baseline to 15.9 ml/24 hrs after 10 days of Probenecid at 250 mg/kg (p&lt;0.01, n=5). Treatment with HCTZ alone for 4 days caused a mild diuresis, with urine output increasing to 13.8 ml/24 hrs (p&gt;0.05, vs. baseline, n=5). However, rats pretreated with Probenecid for 6 days exhibited a profound diuresis when HCTZ was added for 4 additional days, with urine output increasing to 42.9 ml/day, a more than 300% increase vs. rats treated with either Probenecid or HCTZ (p&lt;0.003 vs. both groups, n = 5). In the absence of pretreatment with Probenecid, the diuresis caused by concurrent Probencid plus HCTZ treatment was not different vs. HCTZ alone (p&gt;0.05). Immunofluorescent, Northern and/or Western hybridization studies demonstrated a significant reduction in the expression of pendrin and AQP2 in kidneys of probenecid treated rats. At 100 mg/kg, Probenecid alone had no significant effect on urine output but caused a robust diuresis when HCTZ was added, with the urine output increasing from 9.93 baseline to 24.23 (p&lt;0.001, n=7). Conclusion: Probenecid pretreatment downregulates pendrin and AQP2 and robustly enhances diuresis by HCTZ-mediated NCC inhibition in the kidney distal nephron. We propose that the combination of Probenecid and a thiazide derivative offers a powerful diuretic regimen for the treatment of fluid overloaded states such as CHF.
A Woman With Eosinophilic Brainstem Meningoencephalitis
Authors: Lucas Fernandes Ferreira, Filipe Tupinamba Di Pace, Guilherme Diogo Silva
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2022)

A 25-year-old woman presented with headache, dysarthria, double vision, and dizziness for 1 week. She had traveled to northeastern Brazil 2 months before the onset of the neurological symptoms. What is your diagnosis?
Deaths
Journal: JAMA (1973)

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Uveal melanoma
Authors: Martine J. Jager, Carol L. Shields, Colleen M. Cebulla, Mohamed H. Abdel-Rahman, Hans E. Grossniklaus, Marc-Henri Stern, Richard D. Carvajal, Rubens N. Belfort, Renbing Jia, Jerry A. Shields, Bertil E. Damato
Journal: Nature Reviews Disease Primers (2020)
Changes in prescribing patterns in stage III colon cancer (CC) since the IDEA collaboration.
Authors: Daniel Walden, Fang-Shu Ou, Joseph J. Larson, Christina Wu, Sandra Kang, Alex John Liu, Cassia R Griswold, Benjamin Edward Ueberroth, Bhamini Patel, Amber Draper, Kelley Rone, Puneet Raman, Tanios S. Bekaii-Saab, Daniel H. Ahn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

92 Background: Since the publication of the MOSAIC trial, stage III CC has been treated with a six-month (mo) regimen of FOLFOX (fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin) or CAPOX (capecitabine and oxaliplatin). Recently, the IDEA collaboration challenged this practice by demonstrating that the 3-year rate of disease-free survival (DFS) was non-inferior to 6mo of treatment (Rx) when given for low risk CC (83.1 vs. 83.3%) and resulted in significantly lower rates of grade 2 and higher neuropathy. In high risk (T4, N2) patients (pts) the DFS of 3mo of CAPOX was equivocal to 6mo (64.1 vs. 64.0%), while 3mo of FOLFOX was inferior to 6mo (61.5 vs. 64.7%). We hypothesized that trends in prescribing would favor shorter courses of Rx with a preference towards CAPOX given its efficacy across both high and low risk CC. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of stage III CC pts from 4 institutions. We evaluated prescribing patterns of 3mo or 6mo of Rx and CAPOX vs. FOLFOX over a period of 5 years from Jan 2016 to Jan 2021, a time period that traverses before and after the release of IDEA. Logistic and multinomial logistic regression models, with a linear time trend, were used to estimate the percentage of pts receiving CAPOX vs. FOLFOX and the combination of Rx and duration, respectively, while adjusting for baseline characteristics. The prescribing patterns in important subgroups were examined by incorporating the interaction term in the models. Results: A total of 366 pts met inclusion criteria. From 2016-2021, there was a significant increase per quarter in patients treated with CAPOX when compared to FOLFOX (OR 1.16 95% CI 1.11 – 1.21, p &lt;.001). Prior to IDEA, 78.3% of pts received 6mo FOLFOX and 7.4% received 3mo CAPOX. Two years after IDEA, only 17.3% of pts were on 6mo FOLFOX compared to 67.5% of pts on 3mo CAPOX (Table). At present, high risk pts are more likely to receive 6mo FOLFOX (47.8%) than 3mo of FOLFOX (3.9%), 3mo CAPOX (25.8%), or 6mo CAPOX (22.4%). Low risk pts are more likely to receive 3mo of CAPOX (67.9%) than other Rx. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that since IDEA, physician practice has significantly changed in favor of CAPOX and shorter courses of Rx. The use of CAPOX has significantly increased overall, presumably due to its efficacy across all risk groups and relatively reduced toxicity.[Table: see text]