tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Bivalve Biomineralization Toolbox
Authors: Tejaswi Yarra, Mark Blaxter, Melody S Clark
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2021)

Abstract Mollusc shells are a result of the deposition of crystalline and amorphous calcite catalyzed by enzymes and shell matrix proteins (SMP). Developing a detailed understanding of bivalve mollusc biomineralization pathways is complicated not only by the multiplicity of shell forms and microstructures in this class, but also by the evolution of associated proteins by domain co-option and domain shuffling. In spite of this, a minimal biomineralization toolbox comprising proteins and protein domains critical for shell production across species has been identified. Using a matched pair design to reduce experimental noise from inter-individual variation, combined with damage-repair experiments and a database of biomineralization SMPs derived from published works, proteins were identified that are likely to be involved in shell calcification. Eighteen new, shared proteins likely to be involved in the processes related to the calcification of shells were identified by the analysis of genes expressed during repair in Crassostrea gigas, Mytilus edulis, and Pecten maximus. Genes involved in ion transport were also identified as potentially involved in calcification either via the maintenance of cell acid–base balance or transport of critical ions to the extrapallial space, the site of shell assembly. These data expand the number of candidate biomineralization proteins in bivalve molluscs for future functional studies and define a minimal functional protein domain set required to produce solid microstructures from soluble calcium carbonate. This is important for understanding molluscan shell evolution, the likely impacts of environmental change on biomineralization processes, materials science, and biomimicry research.
Community-Based Testing for SARS-CoV-2 — Chicago, Illinois, May–November 2020
Authors: Kayla English, Uei Lei, Frankie Shipman-Amuwo, Micah Burkey, José G. González, Sarah Richardson, Maribel Chavez-Torres, M. Allison Arwady, Christina Anderson, Jennifer E. Layden, Peter Ruestow, Massimo Pacilli, Isaac Ghinai
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2021)

On May 13, 2020, Chicago established a free communitybased testing (CBT) initiative for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).The initiative focused on demographic groups and geographic areas that were underrepresented in testing by clinical providers and had experienced high COVID-19 incidence, including Hispanic persons and those who have been economically marginalized.To assess the CBT initiative, the Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) compared demographic characteristics, economic marginalization, and test positivity between persons tested at CBT sites and persons tested in all other testing settings in Chicago.During May 13-November 14, a total of 253,904 SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR tests were conducted at CBT sites.Compared with those tested in all other testing settings in Chicago, persons tested at CBT sites were more likely to live in areas that are economically marginalized (38.6% versus 32.0%; p<0.001) and to be Hispanic (50.9% versus 20.7%; p<0.001).The cumulative percentage of positive test results at the CBT sites was higher than that at all other testing settings (11.1% versus 7.1%; p<0.001).These results demonstrate the ability of public health departments to establish community-based testing initiatives that reach communities with less access to testing in other settings and that experience disproportionately higher incidences of COVID-19.Because of limited access to SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic testing in the early phase of widespread transmission in Chicago, CBT sites began operations on May 13, 2020.The City of Chicago's CBT initiative, with direction from CDPH and the Racial Equity Rapid Response Team, † located sites at community assets (e.g., schools and parks) in areas accessible to Black and Hispanic communities, and in areas with lower per-capita testing rates; testing was offered at no cost to persons tested.These areas were primarily in northwest and southwest Chicago.The CBT initiative focused specifically on Hispanic § persons, because this population had the highest daily incidence of COVID-19 of any racial/ethnic group in Chicago during May 13-November 14, 2020 (1).Demographic * These authors contributed equally to this report.† https:
More on SARS-CoV-2 Infection after Vaccination in Health Care Workers
Authors: Alberto Tosoni, Antonio Mirijello, Giovanni Addolorato
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

To the Editor: Keehner and colleagues (May 6 issue) 1 reported on SARS-CoV-2 infection among California health care workers during the vaccination campaign from December 16, 2020, through February 9, 2021.The SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate decreased over time after vaccine administration.The authors correlated this trend with the efficacy of the vaccines in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection.In our opinion, the positivity rate should also be correlated with the regional trend in SARS-CoV-2 infection.In the California population, the daily number of new cases of infection reached its peak at the beginning of January and then rapidly decreased to values nearly 20 times lower in mid-February. 2This frank reduction is similar to the trend observed by the authors among vaccinated health care workers in the same period.Moreover, as of February 9, 2021, less than 10% of the California population had received at least one dose of vaccine and less than 5% were fully vaccinated. 2 We suggest that the analysis be extended over time to ascertain the efficacy of the vaccination campaign against the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Amelioration of Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis in Mice Using Intraarticular Silencing of Periostin via Nanoparticle‐Based Small Interfering RNA
Authors: Xin Duan, Lei Cai, Christine T. N. Pham, Yousef Abu‐Amer, Hua Pan, Robert H. Brophy, Samuel A. Wickline, Muhammad Farooq Rai
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2021)

Recent evidence delineates an emerging role of periostin in osteoarthritis (OA), since its expression after knee injury is detrimental to the articular cartilage. We undertook this study to examine whether intraarticular (IA) knockdown of periostin would ameliorate posttraumatic OA in a murine model.Posttraumatic OA was induced in 10-week-old male C57BL/6J mice (n = 24) by destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM), and mice were analyzed 8 weeks after surgery. Periostin expression was inhibited by small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivered IA using a novel peptide-nucleotide polyplex. Following histologic assessment of the mouse knee cartilage, the extent of cartilage degeneration was determined using Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) cartilage damage score, and severity of synovitis was also assessed. Bone changes were measured using micro-computed tomography. The effect and mechanism of periostin silencing were investigated in human chondrocytes that had been stimulated with interleukin-1β (IL-1β) with or without the IκB kinase 2 inhibitor SC-514.Periostin expression in mice with posttraumatic OA was significantly abolished using IA delivery of a peptide-siRNA nanoplatform. OARSI cartilage damage scores were significantly lower in mice receiving periostin siRNA (mean ± SEM 10.94 ± 0.66) compared to untreated mice (22.38 ± 1.30) and mice treated with scrambled siRNA (22.69 ± 0.87) (each P = 0.002). No differences in the severity of synovitis were observed. Subchondral bone sclerosis, bone volume/total volume, volumetric bone mineral density, and heterotopic ossification were significantly lower in mice that had received periostin siRNA treatment. Immunostaining of cartilage revealed that periostin knockdown reduced the intensity of DMM-induced matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13) expression and also diminished the phosphorylation of p65 and immunoreactivity of the aggrecan neoepitope DIPEN. Periostin knockdown also suppressed IL-1β-induced MMP-13 and ADAMTS-4 expression in chondrocytes. Mechanistically, periostin-induced MMP-13 expression was abrogated by SC-514, demonstrating a link between periostin and NF-κB.IA delivery of the periostin-siRNA nanocomplex represents a promising clinical approach to mitigate the severity of joint degeneration in OA. Our findings may thus provide an unequivocal scientific rationale for longitudinal studies of this approach. Utilizing a cartilage-specific gene-knockout strategy will further illuminate the functional role of periostin in OA.
Abstract 16151: Comparison of Safety and Efficacy of Transradial versus Transfemoral Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for St Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Muhammad Khalid, Mahmoud El Iskandarani, Vijay Ramu, Michael Donovan, Terry Forrest, Thomas Helton
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Studies have shown decreased rates of vascular complications and mortality with Transradial (TR) percutaneous coronary intervention approach for treating patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) compared to conventional Transfemoral (TF). Hypothesis: This meta-analysis aims to compare the safety and efficacy of TR vs TF approach in the light of recently published data. Methods: Electronic databases including MEDLINE, ClinicalTrials.gov and the Cochrane Library were searched for all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published until April 2020 comparing outcomes of TR vs TF PCI in STEMI patients. End points were all-cause mortality, major bleeding, stroke, major adverse cardiac events (MACE), and vascular complications. The ratio risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were computed and p &lt;0.05 was considered as a level of significance. Results: A total of 18 RCTs (n=13,516) were included in the final analysis. All-cause mortality (RR: 0.72; CI: 0.59-0.88; p=0.002), major bleeding (RR: 0.53; CI: 0.40-0.70; p&lt;0.0001), MACE (RR: 0.78; CI: 0.69-0.88; p=0.0001), and vascular complications (RR: 0.42; CI: 0.33-0.53; p&lt;0.00001) were decreased in the TR group [Figure 1]. There was a non-significant decrease risk of stroke in TF group (RR: 1.51; CI: 0.81-0.2.83; p=0.20) compared to TR group [Figure 1]. Conclusions: In patients with STEMI, all-cause mortality, MACE and vascular complications were decreased with TR compared to TF group. Further studies needed to confirm the findings of this meta-analysis.
Investigation of product-derived lymphoma following infusion of <i>piggyBac</i>-modified CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells
Authors: Kenneth P. Micklethwaite, Kavitha Gowrishankar, Brian S. Gloss, Ziduo Li, Janine A. Street, Leili Moezzi, Melanie A. Mach, Gaurav Sutrave, Leighton E. Clancy, David C. Bishop, Raymond H. Y. Louie, Curtis Cai, Jonathan Foox, Matthew MacKay, Fritz J. Sedlazeck, Piers Blombery, Christopher E. Mason, Fabio Luciani, David J. Gottlieb, Emily Blyth
Journal: Blood (2021)
Abstract 12667: Racial Disparities in Emergency Care of Patients With Suspected ACS Undergoing Cardiac CT Angiography: Insights From Romicat II and ACRIN-PA
Authors: Christopher L Schlett, Thomas Mayrhofer, Travis Hallett, Judd Hollander, Maros Ferencik, Chadwick D MILLER, Daniel Bittner, Anna Chang, Sumbal A Janjua, Daniel Addison, John t Nagurney, James Uldeson, Michael T Lu, Quynh A Truong, Pamela K Woodard, Harjit Singh, Fabian Bamberg, Harold I Litt, Udo Hoffmann
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: A disparity in health outcomes between black and white patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) has also been reported with pathophysiological differences in CAD and racial disparities in providing health care as potential explanations. Hypothesis: To determine racial disparity in emergency care of patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing cardiac CT angiography (cCTA), which provides knowledge of underlying CAD status. Methods: We combined patient level data of the ACRIN-PA 4005 (American College of Radiology Imaging Network, Pennsylvania) and ROMICAT II (Rule Out Myocardial Infarction using Computer Assisted Tomography) trials, which enrolled patients presenting with suspicion of ACS who were randomized to cCTA as a first diagnostic test at 14 US sites. Sample was restricted to subjects with known CAD status based on cCTA. Self-reported race while the race ‘Black’ were defined as “a person having origins in any of the black racial groups of Africa” and the race ‘white’ as “a person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa”. Results: We included 1,191 patients (53% white, 47% black). Pretest probability for ACS was similar (TIMI score, p=0.77) between black and white patients, while black patients had lower presence and extent of CAD (calcium score: 39.3±189.3 vs. 88.2±292.1, p&lt;0.001; obstructive CAD 8.3% vs. 17.5%, p&lt;0.001) and ACS (4.0% vs 6.9%, p=0.03). After accounting for the underlying CAD, black patients were more likely admitted to the hospital (β: 0.29 [95%CI: 0.05-0.54-]) and were more likely to undergo additional testing (β: 0.47 [95%CI: 0.09-0.85]) while remaining management showed no significant differences. Conclusions: After adjustment for underlying CAD, among patients in the ED with suspicion of ACS, those who are black received more downstream testing and were more frequently admitted to hospital than white patients.
Abstract 13118: The Use of Automated Daily Reporting Improves Utilization of the HEART Score in Evaluation of Patients With Chest Pain in the Emergency Department
Authors: Kris Bell, Glen Monk, Jeremy Townes, Kathy Griffis, Stephen L Sigal
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Despite the proven effectiveness of the HEART Score in discriminating the need for further observation versus discharge of patients presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) for evaluation of chest pain, utilization rates remain low in many institutions. One reason frequently cited for failure to use this tool is concern by the ED providers that discharged patients will not receive appropriate follow-up. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that the use of a simple daily report (DR) of treated patients would improve utilization rates of the HEART score, and allow for close follow-up of patients discharged from the ED. Methods: We created an electronically-generated report which listed all patients presenting to the ED with a complaint of chest pain in a community hospital, along with their HEART score, and their admission or discharge status. The report was provided on a daily basis to the ED medical director, who could provide counseling to providers who were not utilizing the HEART score regularly, and to case management, who could contact each discharged patient to assess their clinical status and ensure that they had appropriate follow-up plans. Results: Baseline utilization of the HEART Score in chest pain patients (n=305) over a 4 month period prior to the use of this DR was 51.8%. After instituting the DR, utilization rose to 66% (n=339 patients) over the next four months (p=0.0003). Furthermore, correlation of the numbers of ER discharges vs. patients kept for observation or admitted continued to correlate well with the calculated HEART score. Conclusions: The use of a simple DR significantly increased the utilization of the HEART score in the ED of a community hospital to identify patients who could be discharged safely, versus those who required further observation or admission.
Frailty Assessment and Shared Decision-making—Reply
Authors: Manuel Castillo-Angeles, Joaquim M. Havens
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Evidence for the involvement of cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for an HLA-A2-restricted H-Y antigen in graft-versus-leukemia effect on lymphoblastic leukemia cells.
Authors: Takami A, Kondo Y, Nishimura R, Yachie A, Chuhjo T, Kotani T, Shiobara S, Nakao S
Journal: Blood (2001)
제 7 차 춘계학술대회 초록집 : 구연 ; 만성 B 형 간질환에서 라미부딘 내성의 임상적 , 바이러스 특성
Authors: 김선숙, 정문기, 김은수, 홍순홍, 박동균, 권오상, 구양서, 김유경, 강동훈, 최덕주, 박현철, 황유진, 김주현
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2001)
POS1421 HIGHER SERUM URIC ACID IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED RISK OF OBESITY IN CHINESE ADULTS: A LONGITUDINAL DATA ANALYSIS
Authors: J. Zeng, W. R. Lawrence, J. Yang
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

Background: Hyperuricemia has been reported to be significantly associated with risk of obesity. However, previous studies on the association between serum uric acid (SUA) and body mass index (BMI) yielded conflicting results. Objectives: The present study examined the relationship between SUA and obesity among Chinese adults. Methods: Data were collected at Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital in Guangzhou City, China between January 2010 and December 2018. Participants with ≥2 medical checkup times were included in our analyses. Logistic regression model (LRM) was performed for data at baseline. For all participants, generalized estimation equation (GEE) model was used to assess the association between SUA and obesity, where the data were repeatedly measured over the nine-year study period. We calculated the cut-off values for SUA of obesity using the receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) technique. Results: A total of 15,959 participants (10,023 males and 5,936females) were included in this study, with an average age of 37.38 years (SD: 13.27) and average SUA of 367.05 μmol/L (SD: 97.97) at baseline, respectively. Finally, 1078 participants developed obesity over the 9-year period. The prevalence of obesity was approximately 14.2% for high SUA level. In logistic regression analysis at baseline, we observed a positive association between SUA and risk of obesity: OR=1.84 (95% CI: 1.77,1.90) for per-SD increase in SUA. Considering repeated measures over 9-year for all participants in the GEE model, the per-SD OR was 1.85 (95% CI:1.77,1.91) for SUA and the increased risk of obesity were greater for male (OR=1.45) and elderly participants (OR=1.01). The SUA cutoff points for risk of obesity using ROC curves were approximately consistent with the international standard. Conclusion: Our study observed higher SUA level was associated with increased risk of obesity. More high-quality research is needed to further support these findings. References: [1]Nagahama S, Kashino I, Hu H, Nanri A, Kurotani K, Kuwahara K et al. Haemoglobin A1c and hearing impairment: longitudinal analysis using a large occupational health check-up data of Japan. BMJ open 2018; 8 (9): e023220. [2]Kim YJ, Park H. Improving Prediction of High-Cost Health Care Users with Medical Check-Up Data. Big data 2019; 7 (3): 163-175. [3]Ishizaka N, Ishizaka Y, Toda A, Tani M, Koike K, Yamakado M et al. Changes in waist circumference and body mass index in relation to changes in serum uric acid in Japanese individuals. The Journal of rheumatology 2010; 37 (2): 410-6. Figure 1. Location of Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital (Guangzhou, Guangdong, China) and the prevalence of obesity by different years stratified by baseline SUA. Disclosure of Interests: None declared
AB0650 SCREENING TESTS FOR LATENT TUBERCULOSIS OF CANDIDATES TO BIOLOGIC THERAPY: DATA FROM THE TUNISIAN BINAR REGISTRY
Authors: R. Ben Aissa, S. Boussaid, S. Kochbati, M. El Euch, A. Laatar, L. Abdelmoula, W. Hamdi, E. Bouagina, I. Gharsallah, M. Younes, N. Bergaoui, S. Baklouti
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

Background: The screening and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is required before starting biologic therapy. Tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon γ gamma release assay (IGRA) are the two commonly used tests. Objectives: The aim of our study was to analyze data from the Biological National Registry BINAR between 2016 and 2020 in order to compare the diagnostic value of TST and IGRA tests. Methods: We collected data of patients diagnosed with LTBI (having had a TST and/or IGRA before receiving any biotherapy) from the BINAR registry (a National Tunisian registry of patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases under biologic therapy since less than two years from the inclusion date). Results: From a total of 298 patients included in our study, 199 patients (66.8%) were screened by TST and 159 patients were screened (53.4%) by IGRA. Thirty-four patients (11.4%) had a positive TST and 27 patients (9.1%) had a positive IGRA test. Three patients having negative TST and two having negative IGRA developed tuberculosis. There was no significant difference in our study between these two tests for LTBI diagnosis. The reactivation of tuberculosis can occur even when LTBI screening is negative using TST and IGRA tests. Conclusion: Our results show that the predictive diagnostic value for these two tests is the same. It would be more interesting to practice one of those tests prior to biotherapy. Disclosure of Interests: None declared.
diffBUM-HMM: a robust statistical modeling approach for detecting RNA flexibility changes in high-throughput structure probing data
Authors: Paolo Marangio, Ka Ying Toby Law, Guido Sanguinetti, Sander Granneman
Journal: Genome biology (2021)

Abstract Advancing RNA structural probing techniques with next-generation sequencing has generated demands for complementary computational tools to robustly extract RNA structural information amidst sampling noise and variability. We present diffBUM-HMM, a noise-aware model that enables accurate detection of RNA flexibility and conformational changes from high-throughput RNA structure-probing data. diffBUM-HMM is widely compatible, accounting for sampling variation and sequence coverage biases, and displays higher sensitivity than existing methods while robust against false positives. Our analyses of datasets generated with a variety of RNA probing chemistries demonstrate the value of diffBUM-HMM for quantitatively detecting RNA structural changes and RNA-binding protein binding sites.
Knowing More Than the Knowns in Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Pradeep Natarajan, Elizabeth M. McNally
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2021)

Not all genetic testing is the same, and interpretation of genetic testing gains accuracy when a patient’s ancestry is considered. In this issue of JAMA Cardiology, Sturm and colleagues1 explore these issues for familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) genetic testing.