tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association of pretreatment financial toxicity with time to treatment for patients with head and neck carcinoma and lung carcinoma.
Authors: Sharon Lam, Nicolas Schlecht, Gregory Rosenblatt, Vikas Mehta
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

131 Background: Financial toxicity (FT) describes objective and subjective burden of costs associated with medical care. Patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) and lung carcinoma are acutely impacted by FT, as these cancers disproportionately occur in populations that are poor, unemployed, and/or of minority backgrounds compared to patients with other cancers. Our group recently published results showing delay in time to treatment initiation (TTI) was associated with poorer survival in HNC patients. Another study reported that FT was associated with worse progression-free survival in non-small cell lung cancer patients. In this study, we sought to investigate the association between FT, TTI and clinical outcomes among HNC and lung carcinoma patients, as well as predictors of FT. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 140 patients diagnosed with either HNC or lung carcinoma between January 2007 and March 2018 with quality-of-life data collected prospectively at the time of radiation oncology treatment was conducted. Participants responded to a question about their experience on ‘financial difficulties’ with a 4-point Likert Scale within the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) quality of life assessment. FT was low when patients indicated ‘1’ (not at all) or ‘2’ (a little), and high if patients indicated ‘3’ (quite a bit), and ‘4’ (very much). Chi-square test and Student’s t-test were used to compare characteristics of patients with and without FT. The association between FT and TTI and survival outcomes were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox proportional-hazards regression models. Results: The study sample included 70 patients with HNC (mean [SD] age, 64.3 [12.0]; 62.7% male) and 70 patients with lung carcinoma (mean [SD] age, 69.1 [10.2]; 38.0% male). Over half (N = 80, 55.2%) reported experiencing financial toxicity (64% HNC vs. 45.7% lung carcinoma). Younger age (&lt; 60 years), having Medicaid, and having small-cell lung carcinoma were associated with greater FT (p = 0.049, p = 0.042, p = 0.034, respectively). Patients who reported having poorer health and quality of life also experienced greater FT (p = 0.030, p = 0.016, respectively). HNC patients who experienced greater FT were less likely to experience treatment delay (p = 0.035). After adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, tumor site, and tumor stage, FT was associated with worse survival outcomes in all patients (HR = 1.52, 95% CI 1.06-2.19). Conclusions: Greater FT was associated with younger age, having Medicaid, and having small-cell lung carcinoma. HNC patients who experienced greater FT were less likely to experience treatment delay, which suggests that delay may not be a causative factor for the worsened survival seen with patients who report FT.
Protection of BNT162b2 Vaccine Booster against Covid-19 in Israel
Authors: Yinon M Bar-On, Yair Goldberg, Micha Mandel, Omri Bodenheimer, Laurence Freedman, Nir Kalkstein, Barak Mizrahi, Sharon Alroy-Preis, Nachman Ash, Ron Milo, Amit Huppert
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

On July 30, 2021, the administration of a third (booster) dose of the BNT162b2 messenger RNA vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech) was approved in Israel for persons who were 60 years of age or older and who had received a second dose of vaccine at least 5 months earlier. Data are needed regarding the effect of the booster dose on the rate of confirmed coronavirus 2019 disease (Covid-19) and the rate of severe illness.We extracted data for the period from July 30 through August 31, 2021, from the Israeli Ministry of Health database regarding 1,137,804 persons who were 60 years of age or older and had been fully vaccinated (i.e., had received two doses of BNT162b2) at least 5 months earlier. In the primary analysis, we compared the rate of confirmed Covid-19 and the rate of severe illness between those who had received a booster injection at least 12 days earlier (booster group) and those who had not received a booster injection (nonbooster group). In a secondary analysis, we evaluated the rate of infection 4 to 6 days after the booster dose as compared with the rate at least 12 days after the booster. In all the analyses, we used Poisson regression after adjusting for possible confounding factors.At least 12 days after the booster dose, the rate of confirmed infection was lower in the booster group than in the nonbooster group by a factor of 11.3 (95% confidence interval [CI], 10.4 to 12.3); the rate of severe illness was lower by a factor of 19.5 (95% CI, 12.9 to 29.5). In a secondary analysis, the rate of confirmed infection at least 12 days after vaccination was lower than the rate after 4 to 6 days by a factor of 5.4 (95% CI, 4.8 to 6.1).In this study involving participants who were 60 years of age or older and had received two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine at least 5 months earlier, we found that the rates of confirmed Covid-19 and severe illness were substantially lower among those who received a booster (third) dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine.
Activation of p53 Enhances Antileukemia Activity of Bcr-Abl Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in a Murine Model of CML
Authors: Bing Z Carter, Po Yee Mak, Hong Mu, Duncan Mak, Ej Dettman, Michael Cardone, Xiangmeng Wang, Wendy Schober, Wenjing Tao, Takahiko Seki, Michael Andreeff
Journal: Blood (2017)
Case 29-2021: A 12-Month-Old Boy with Fever and Developmental Regression
Authors: Madeleine I. Matthiesen, Randheer Shailam, Holly Rothermel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

A 12-month-old boy with Hirschsprung's disease was admitted with fever, generalized weakness, intermittent diffuse rash, and regression of crawling. He had leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, and an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate. CT of the abdomen showed diffuse lymphadenopathy. A diagnostic test was performed.
Upper respiratory tract bacterial-immune interactions during respiratory syncytial virus infection in infancy
Authors: Christian Rosas-Salazar, Zheng-Zheng Tang, Meghan H. Shilts, Kedir N. Turi, Qilin Hong, Derek A. Wiggins, Christian E. Lynch, Tebeb Gebretsadik, James D. Chappell, R. Stokes Peebles, Larry J. Anderson, Suman R. Das, Tina V. Hartert
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2021)
Endoplasmic reticulum-unfolded protein response signalling is altered in severe eosinophilic and neutrophilic asthma
Authors: Prabuddha S Pathinayake, David W Waters, Kristy S Nichol, Alexandra C Brown, Andrew T Reid, Alan Chen-Yu Hsu, Jay C Horvat, Lisa G Wood, Katherine J Baines, Jodie L Simpson, Peter G Gibson, Philip M Hansbro, Peter A B Wark
Journal: Thorax (2021)

Introduction The significance of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in asthma is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that ER stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) are related to disease severity and inflammatory phenotype. Methods Induced sputum (n=47), bronchial lavage (n=23) and endobronchial biopsies (n=40) were collected from participants with asthma with varying disease severity, inflammatory phenotypes and from healthy controls. Markers for ER stress and UPR were assessed. These markers were also assessed in established eosinophilic and neutrophilic murine models of asthma. Results Our results demonstrate increased ER stress and UPR pathways in asthma and these are related to clinical severity and inflammatory phenotypes. Genes associated with ER protein chaperone ( BiP, CANX, CALR ), ER-associated protein degradation ( EDEM1, DERL1) and ER stress-induced apoptosis ( DDIT3, PPP1R15A ) were dysregulated in participants with asthma and are associated with impaired lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 s) and active eosinophilic and neutrophilic inflammation. ER stress genes also displayed a significant correlation with classic Th2 (interleukin-4, IL-4/13) genes, Th17 (IL-17F/CXCL1) genes, proinflammatory (IL-1b, tumour necrosis factor α, IL-8) genes and inflammasome activation (NLRP3) in sputum from asthmatic participants. Mice with allergic airway disease (AAD) and severe steroid insensitive AAD also showed increased ER stress signalling in their lungs. Conclusion Heightened ER stress is associated with severe eosinophilic and neutrophilic inflammation in asthma and may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of asthma.
Using clinical pathways to prospectively identify poor prognosis cancer patients: A preliminary analysis.
Authors: Abhijit Sanyal, Joanna M. Hamilton, Ariel Martin, Victoria H. Selesnick, Matthew Rice, Michael Scalzo, Jocelyn H. Siegel, James A. Tulsky, Joseph O. Jacobson, David Michael Jackman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

329 Background: Cancer patients in the last year of life may have different clinical needs and evolving goals of care. Helping clinicians consistently identify such patients in a systematic and prospective fashion, at a discrete moment in the care trajectory, is an important step towards optimizing the care of these patients. Methods: Physician medical directors for each clinical pathway at our institution were tasked with identifying nodes within their respective treatment pathways associated with poor prognosis, specifically a median overall survival of &lt; 12 months. This information was embedded into the underlying data model of the pathways platform, allowing us to determine how often clinicians navigated through poor prognosis nodes. Results: Pathways medical directors identified 44 nodes associated with poor prognosis. Some of these nodes encompassed a broader set of patients (metastatic pancreatic cancer, any line), whereas others were more specific (metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, squamous cell histology, second line or beyond). For the period 3/11/20 – 5/31/21, clinicians navigated in the platform for 11,057 unique patients. Of these, 1,234 (11.1%) unique patients were associated with poor prognosis nodes. Such navigations were much more common in patients with solid tumors (table). Conclusions: A well-maintained clinical pathways program can be a mechanism for defining clinical settings associated with poor prognosis and for routinely identifying patients in these settings. By embedding this into the pathways data model, we can provide physicians with important reminders and resources related to goals of care conversations, supportive care resources, and appropriate treatment options and clinical trials.[Table: see text]
Operating Characteristics of Prostate-Specific Antigen and Verification Bias--Reply
Authors: D. P. Ankerst
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effective viral vector response to <scp>SARS</scp>–<scp>CoV</scp>‐2 booster vaccination in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis after initial ineffective response to messenger <scp>RNA</scp> vaccine
Authors: Matthew C. Baker, Vamsee Mallajosyula, Mark M. Davis, Scott D. Boyd, Kari C. Nadeau, William H. Robinson
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2021)

Disclosureform Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Reply to Gorrepati Rohith and Prasant Nayak’s Letter to the Editor re: Ranan Dasgupta, Sarah Cameron, Lorna Aucott, et al. Shockwave Lithotripsy Versus Ureteroscopic Treatment as Therapeutic Interventions for Stones of the Ureter (TISU): A Multicentre Randomised Controlled Non-inferiority Trial. Eur Urol 2021;80:46–54
Authors: Ranan Dasgupta, Sam McClinton
Journal: European Urology (2021)
Prevalence of depressive disorders and treatment in China: a cross-sectional epidemiological study
Authors: Jin Lu, Xiufeng Xu, Yueqin Huang, Tao Li, Chao Ma, Guangming Xu, Huifang Yin, Xiangdong Xu, Yanjuan Ma, Limin Wang, Zhengjing Huang, Yongping Yan, Bo Wang, Shuiyuan Xiao, Liang Zhou, Lingjiang Li, Yan Zhang, Hongguang Chen, TingTing Zhang, Jie Yan, Hua Ding, Yaqin Yu, Changgui Kou, Zonglin Shen, Linling Jiang, Zhizhong Wang, Xian Sun, Yifeng Xu, Yanling He, Wanjun Guo, Lijun Jiang, Shengyan Li, Wen Pan, Yue Wu, Guohua Li, Fujun Jia, Jianfei Shi, Zhongxia Shen, Ning Zhang
Journal: The Lancet Psychiatry (2021)
A social affective neuroscience lens on placebo analgesia
Authors: Lauren Y. Atlas
Journal: Trends in Cognitive Sciences (2021)

Pain is a fundamental experience that promotes survival. In humans, pain stands at the intersection of multiple health crises: chronic pain, the opioid epidemic, and health disparities. The study of placebo analgesia highlights how social, cognitive, and affective processes can directly shape pain, and identifies potential paths for mitigating these crises. This review examines recent progress in the study of placebo analgesia through affective science. It focuses on how placebo effects are shaped by expectations, affect, and the social context surrounding treatment, and discusses neurobiological mechanisms of placebo, highlighting unanswered questions and implications for health. Collaborations between clinicians and social and affective scientists can address outstanding questions and leverage placebo to reduce pain and improve human health.
A Reflection on How Carcinoma-Associated Fibroblasts Were Recognized as Active Participants of Epithelial Tumorigenesis
Authors: Edna Cukierman
Journal: Cancer Research (2021)

Today's view of cancer as a systemic disease was facilitated by studies accentuating the local as well as the systemic role that non-tumorigenic cells, such as carcinoma-associated fibroblasts, play in cancer onset, development, and progression. The study highlighted in this Cancer Research Landmark was instrumental for supporting the idea that cancer is a full-body disease that depends on reciprocal interactions between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment. Fibroblasts are mesenchymal cells of the connective tissue and are responsible for maintaining tissue homeostasis. Importantly, contractile myofibroblastic activation and immunoregulatory fibroblastic nemosis (the process of mesenchymal cell activation, followed by death, associated with release of proinflammatory molecules) constitute two functional aspects of fibroblasts that are essential for organogenesis as well as for modulating wound healing. Yet, in epithelial cancers, fibroblastic cell functions are chronically misregulated. The study by Olumi and colleagues published in Cancer Research in 1999 exemplifies how normal fibroblasts play a tumor-suppressive role and how modulating fibroblastic activity provides carcinoma-associated fibroblasts with tumor-promoting functions, similar to the needed "second hit" in a tumor suppressor gene. The emphasis on tumor/fibroblast interactions has provided a new framework for thinking about tumorigenesis as well as new targets for therapeutic intervention.See related article by Olumi and colleagues, Cancer Res 1999;59:5002-11.
Coordinated IgG2 and IgE responses as a marker of allergen immunotherapy efficacy
Authors: Véronique Bordas‐Le Floch, Nathalie Berjont, Thierry Batard, Nirupama Varese, Robyn E. O’Hehir, Walter G Canonica, Menno C. van Zelm, Laurent Mascarell
Journal: Allergy (2021)

IgG2 responses are associated with repeated antigen exposure and display highly mutated variable domains. A recent study highlighted a role of IgG2+ memory B cells and allergen-specific IgG2 levels after a 3rd consecutive pre-seasonal sublingual allergen immunotherapy (AIT) with grass pollen tablet. Herein, we aim to explore changes in allergen-specific IgG2 in individuals undergoing house dust mite immunotherapy (HDM-AIT) and explore whether the interrelationship with other humoral responses (i.e., IgG4 and IgE) may discriminate between high and low responders.Levels of serum Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae-specific IgG2, IgG4, and IgE antibodies were measured by ELISA or ImmunoCap in a sub-group of individuals enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, sublingual AIT study evaluating the safety and efficacy of a 300 IR HDM tablet.After 1-year sublingual AIT, HDM-specific serum IgG2 responses increase mostly in high versus low responders and are distinctive according to the clinical benefit. Higher correlation between HDM-specific IgG2, IgE, and/or IgG4 responses is seen in subjects benefiting the most from HDM-AIT as indicated by changes in Average Total Combined Scores. More strikingly, statistically significant correlation between HDM-specific IgG2 and IgE responses is only observed in individuals stratified as high responders.We provide evidence for coordinated serum immune responses upon AIT in HDM-allergic subjects exhibiting high clinical benefit when compared with low responders. Assessing HDM-specific IgE, IgG2, and IgG4 in serum could be used as follow-up combined markers to support decision as to AIT continuation and/or adaptation.
Trastuzumab Deruxtecan in <i>HER2</i> -Mutant Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Bob T. Li, Egbert F. Smit, Yasushi Goto, Kazuhiko Nakagawa, Hibiki Udagawa, Julien Mazières, Misako Nagasaka, Lyudmila Bazhenova, Andreas N. Saltos, Enriqueta Felip, Jose M. Pacheco, Maurice Pérol, Luis Paz-Ares, Kapil Saxena, Ryota Shiga, Yingkai Cheng, Suddhasatta Acharyya, Patrik Vitazka, Javad Shahidi, David Planchard, Pasi A. Jänne
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted therapies have not been approved for patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The efficacy and safety of trastuzumab deruxtecan (formerly DS-8201), a HER2 antibody-drug conjugate, in patients with
Cost-effectiveness of a Multicomponent Intervention for Hypertension Control in Low-Income Settings in Argentina
Authors: Yichen Zhang, Lei Yin, Katherine Mills, Jing Chen, Jiang He, Alfredo Palacios, Andrés Pichon Riviere, Vilma Irazola, Federico Augustovski, Lizheng Shi
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

Hypertension is highly prevalent in low- and middle-income countries, and it is an important preventable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Understanding the economic benefits of a hypertension control program is valuable to decision-makers.To evaluate the long-term cost-effectiveness of a multicomponent hypertension management program compared with usual care among patients with hypertension receiving care in public clinics in Argentina from a health care system perspective.This economic evaluation used a Markov model to estimate the cost-effectiveness of a hypertension management program among adult patients with uncontrolled hypertension in a low-income setting. Patient-level data (743 individuals for multicomponent intervention; 689 for usual care) from the Hypertension Control Program in Argentina trial (HCPIA) were used to estimate treatment effects and the risk of CVD. Three health states were included in each strategy: (1) low risk of CVD, (2) high risk of CVD, and (3) death. The total time horizon was the lifetime, and each cycle lasted 6 months.Model inputs were based on trial data and other published sources. Cost and utilities were discounted at a rate of 5% annually. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) between the multicomponent intervention and usual care was calculated using the difference in costs in 2017 international dollars (INT $) divided by the difference in effectiveness in quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). One-way sensitivity analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were performed to assess the uncertainty and robustness of the results.In the original trial, the 743 participants in the intervention group (349 [47.0%] men) had a mean (SD) age of 56.2 (12.0) years, and the 689 participants in the control group (311 [45.1%] men) had a mean (SD) age of 56.2 (11.7) years. In the base-case analysis, the HCPIA program yielded 8.42 discounted QALYs and accrued INT $3096 discounted costs, while usual care yielded 8.29 discounted QALYs and accrued INT $2473 discounted costs. The ICER for the HCPIA program was INT $4907/QALY gained. The model results remained robust in sensitivity analyses, and the model was most sensitive to parameters of program costs.In this study, the HCPIA multicomponent intervention vs usual care was a cost-effective strategy to improve hypertension management and reduce the risk of associated CVD among patients with hypertension who received services at public clinics in Argentina. This intervention program is likely transferable to other settings in Argentina or other lower- and middle-income countries.
Dual-targeting CAR-T cells with optimal co-stimulation and metabolic fitness enhance antitumor activity and prevent escape in solid tumors
Authors: Koichi Hirabayashi, Hongwei Du, Yang Xu, Peishun Shou, Xin Zhou, Giovanni Fucá, Elisa Landoni, Chuang Sun, Yuhui Chen, Barbara Savoldo, Gianpietro Dotti
Journal: Nature Cancer (2021)
Community Partnered Participatory Research in Southeast Louisiana Communities Threatened by Climate Change: The C-LEARN EXPERIENCE
Authors: Benjamin F. Springgate, Olivia Sugarman, Kenneth B. Wells, Lawrence A. Palinkas, Diana Meyers, Ashley Wennerstrom, Arthur Johnson, Catherine Haywood, Daniel Sarpong, Richard Culbertson
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2021)

This article refers to:Supporting Community-Academic Research Partnerships: Reflections from the Ground
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring vs Standard Therapy During Infliximab Induction in Patients With Chronic Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: Olivier Le Tilly, Gilles Paintaud, David Ternant
Journal: JAMA (2021)

To the Editor The conclusion of the recently published NOR-DRUM Part A1 is that compared with standard care, proactive TDM of infliximab had no significant effect on clinical remission assessed 30 weeks after treatment initiation.