tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Trends in the Incidence of Hospitalization for Major Diabetes-Related Complications in People With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in Australia, 2010–2019
Authors: Jedidiah I. Morton, Peter A. Lazzarini, Jonathan E. Shaw, Dianna J. Magliano
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)

OBJECTIVE To determine trends in the incidence of major diabetes-related complications in Australia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study included 70,885 people with type 1 and 1,089,270 people with type 2 diabetes registered on the Australian diabetes registry followed from July 2010 to June 2019. Outcomes (hospitalization for myocardial infarction [MI], stroke, heart failure [HF], lower-extremity amputation [LEA], hypoglycemia, and hyperglycemia) were obtained via linkage to hospital admissions databases. Trends over time in the age-adjusted incidence of hospitalizations were analyzed using joinpoint regression and summarized as annual percent changes (APCs). RESULTS In type 1 diabetes, the incidence of all complications remained stable, except for stroke, which increased from 2010–2011 to 2018–2019 (financial years; APC: +2.5% [95% CI 0.1, 4.8]), and hyperglycemia, which increased from 2010–2011 to 2016–2017 (APC: +2.7% [1.0, 4.5]). In type 2 diabetes, the incidence of stroke remained stable, while the incidence of MI decreased from 2012–2013 to 2018–2019 (APC: −1.7% [95% CI −2.8, −0.5]), as did the incidence of HF and hypoglycemia from 2010–2011 to 2018–2019 (APCs: −0.8% [−1.5, 0.0] and −5.3% [−6.7, −3.9], respectively); the incidence of LEA and hyperglycemia increased (APCs: +3.1% [1.9, 4.4], and +7.4% [5.9, 9.0]). Most trends were consistent by sex, but differed by age; in type 2 diabetes most improvements were confined to individuals aged ≥60 years. CONCLUSIONS Trends in admissions for diabetes-related complications were largely stable in type 1 diabetes. In type 2 diabetes, hospitalization rates for MI, HF, and hypoglycemia fell over time, while increasing for LEA and hyperglycemia.
Oncogenes: new evidence on link to cancer
Authors: C. Macek
Journal: JAMA (1982)

It's been nearly 75 years since C. Ellerman and O. Bang (1908) and, subsequently, Peyton Rous, MD (<i>JAMA</i>1911;56:198), discovered that certain viruses cause cancer in animals, giving rise to the idea that this must also be true for some human cancers. But despite the dedication of many scientific careers to this possibility, only a few viruses have been correlated with human cancers (Epstein-Barr virus associated with Burkitt's lymphoma and hepatitis B virus associated with hepatic cancer, for example), and whether these viruses actually cause the cancers remains unclear. The continuing lack of evidence for the role of viruses in human cancer dampened what had once been great interest in the area for a time. Recently, however, the field has undergone a revival with the observation that genes within the chromosomes of all humans are very similar to those of certain viruses that cause cancer in other species—the so-called oncogene
THE PREVENTION OF CONCEPTION
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tumor‐derived exosomes induce immunosuppressive macrophages to foster intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma progression
Authors: Chubin Luo, Haoyang Xin, Zhengjun Zhou, Zhiqiang Hu, Rongqi Sun, Na Yao, Qiman Sun, Uyunbilig Borjigin, Xia Wu, Jia Fan, Xiaowu Huang, Shaolai Zhou, Jian Zhou
Journal: Hepatology (2022)

Abstract Background and Aims Macrophages are prominent components of solid tumors and exhibit distinct functions in different tumor microenvironments. Exosomes are emerging as necessary mediators of the cross‐talk between tumor cells and the microenvironment. However, the underlying mechanisms of exosomes involving into crosstalk between tumor cells and macrophages during disease progression of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) have not been yet fully realized. Approach and Results We found that the macrophages of ICC tumor tissues up‐regulated the expression levels of immunosuppressive molecule programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1). Increased PD‐L1 + macrophages in tumor tissues effectively suppressed T‐cell immunity and correlated with poor survival rates in patients with ICC. High‐throughput RNA‐sequencing analysis that was performed to identify differential levels of microRNAs (miRNAs) between exosomes derived from ICC cells and primary human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells revealed that miR‐183‐5p was increased in ICC cell‐derived exosomes. Exosomal miR‐183‐5p inhibited phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression, to subsequently affect the elevations on both phosphorylated AKT and PD‐L1 expression in macrophages. Furthermore, macrophages that treated with ICC cell–derived exosomes significantly suppressed T‐cell immunity in vitro and contributed to the growth and progression of ICC in vivo, which were reversible through blockages on PD‐L1 of these macrophages. Finally, clinical data showed that up‐regulated levels of plasma exosomal miR‐183‐5p correlated with poor prognosis of patients with ICC after curative resection. Conclusions Tumor‐derived exosomal miR‐183‐5p up‐regulates PD‐L1‐expressing macrophages to foster immune suppression and disease progression in ICC through the miR‐183‐5p/PTEN/AKT/PD‐L1 pathway. Exosomal miR‐183‐5p is a potential predictive biomarker for ICC progression and a potential target for development of therapeutic strategies against immune tolerance feature of ICC.
The Th17 Pathway in Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease
Authors: Hui-Leng Tan, Nicolas Regamey, Sarah Brown, Andrew Bush, Clare M. Lloyd, Jane C. Davies
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2011)

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by bronchoalveolar neutrophilia and submucosal lymphocytosis. We hypothesized that Th17 lymphocytes are part of this submucosal infiltrate.
P135: THE CLINGEN HEMOGLOBINOPATHY VARIANT CURATION EXPERT PANEL
Authors: C Coralea Stephanou, P Petros Kountouris, C Carsten W Lederer, C Celeste Bento, C Cornelis L Hartveld, J Jan Traeger-Synodinos, J John S Waye, Z Zhiyu Peng, I Irene Fylaktou, H Hashim Halim-Fikri, T Tamara T. Koopmann, L Landry Nfonsam, J Jun Sun, F Franck Nzengu-Lukusa, M Michael Angastiniotis, C Catherine Badens, B Bertha Ibarra Cortes, J Johan T. den Dunnen, J Jacques Elion, S Suthat Fucharoen, K Kyriaki Michailidou, T Thessalia Papasavva, A Antonio Piga, R Raj Ramesar, S Swee Lay Thein, L Léon Tshilolo, Z Zilfalil Bin Alwi, M Marina Kleanthous
Journal: HemaSphere (2022)

Background: Accurate and consistent interpretation of sequence variants is integral to the delivery of safe and reliable diagnostic genetic services. To standardize the interpretation process, in 2015, the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) and the Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) published a joint guideline based on different lines of evidence for the classification of sequence variants in Mendelian diseases. The generality of this guideline necessitates the application of expert judgment when evaluating and weighing evidence for variant interpretation. The Clinical Genome Resource (ClinGen) assembles Variant Curation Expert Panels (VCEPs) to perform gene- and disease-specific modifications of the ACMG/AMP framework. The ClinGen Hemoglobinopathy VCEP was created collaboratively between the ITHANET portal and the Global Globin Network of the Human Variome Project towards comprehensive annotation of all variants related to hemoglobinopathies. Aim: The adaptation of the ACMG/AMP variant interpretation guidelines of use in hemoglobinopathies. Methods: The Hemoglobinopathy VCEP focuses on the review and annotation of variants located in the globin gene clusters, namely α-globin locus (NG_000006), which includes genes HBA1, HBA2 and HBZ, and β-globin locus (NG_000007) which includes genes HBB, HBD, HBG1, HBG2 and HBE and the regulatory element LCRB. Using a consensus approach and guidance by the ClinGen Sequence Variant Interpretation Working Group, the Hemoglobinopathy VCEP has prepared a pre-final version of the specified ACMG/AMP criteria for hemoglobinopathies. Results: The Hemoglobinopathy VCEP developed disease-specific rules for sequence variant classification based on evidence criteria that assess variant frequency, variant types and disease causality, protein domains and mutational hotspots implicated in disease, clinical manifestations, segregation, in silico predictions and functional evidence. Conclusions: For the first time, the Hemoglobinopathy VCEP will provide a standardised classification of the pathogenicity of variants related to hemoglobinopathies. The Hemoglobinopathy VCEP specifications were approved by ClinGen in April 2021 (Step 2 approval), which initiated the process of further validation and adaptation with known globin gene variants in a pilot study (toward Step 3 approval). References 1. Kountouris P et al, Human Mutation 2021, doi: 10.1002/humu.24280
Restaging of Patients with Persistently Elevated Prostate-specific Antigen After Radical Prostatectomy Using [68Ga]-PSMA-11 Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography: Impact on Disease Management
Authors: Mathieu Gauthé, Paul Sargos, Nicolas Benziane Ouaritini, Eric Barret, Jean-Baptiste Beauval, Laurent Brureau, Gilles Créhange, Charles Dariane, Gaëlle Fiard, Gaëlle Fromont, Romain Mathieu, Raphaële Renard-Penna, Guilhem Roubaud, Alain Ruffion, Morgan Rouprêt, Guillaume Ploussard
Journal: European Urology (2022)
Cobalamin radioassays
Authors: R. B. Gilbert
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Both the title and the conclusions of the recent article by Cohen and Donaldson (1980;244:1942) present a misconception. They (incorrectly) stated that commercial radioassay kits for cobalamin (vitamin B<sub>12</sub>) are chemically nonspecific and measure inactive cobalamin analogs. This statement was valid in 1978, the time of the initial investigation, but not currently. In this article, the lack of qualifying statements or date-limiting statements implies that the problem of 1978 still exists. Manufacturers were actually quick to attempt to correct this deficiency in their products, either by cobinamide blocking of "R" proteins or by purification of intrinsic factor by affinity chromatography. As stated in one manufacturer's package insert (<sup>57</sup>Co Vitamin B<sub>12</sub>Assay Kit With Purified B<sub>12</sub>Binder, package insert, Diagnostic Products Corp, Los Angeles, July 1980), these changes occurred as early as January 1979. The cobinamide-blocked kit used in the follow-up work reported may
International Comments
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Early serum HBV RNA combined with HBsAg response can predict HBeAg seroconversation in patients on Entecavir therapy (ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03909191))
Authors: Yayun Liu, Wei Liao, Aijing Xu, Wei Yin, Jiao Yu, WenHan Fan, Jianya Xue, Xuesong Liang
Journal: Journal of Infection (2022)
Transactions of the Vermont State Medical Society for 1895 and 1896.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In patients hospitalized with COVID-19, therapeutic- vs. prophylactic-dose heparin did not reduce a composite outcome at 28 d
Authors: Behnood Bikdeli, David A. Garcia
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Sholzberg M, Tang GH, Rahhal H, et al. Effectiveness of therapeutic heparin versus prophylactic heparin on death, mechanical ventilation, or intensive care unit admission in moderately ill patients with covid-19 admitted to hospital: RAPID randomised clinical trial. BMJ. 2021;375:n2400. 34649864.
Designing strategies of small-molecule compounds for modulating non-coding RNAs in cancer therapy
Authors: Rongyan Zhao, Jiahui Fu, Lingjuan Zhu, Yi Chen, Bo Liu
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2022)

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been defined as a class of RNA molecules transcribed from the genome but not encoding proteins, such as microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, Circular RNAs, and Piwi-interacting RNAs. Accumulating evidence has recently been revealing that ncRNAs become potential druggable targets for regulation of several small-molecule compounds, based on their complex spatial structures and biological functions in cancer therapy. Thus, in this review, we focus on summarizing some new emerging designing strategies, such as high-throughput screening approach, small-molecule microarray approach, structure-based designing approach, phenotypic screening approach, fragment-based designing approach, and pharmacological validation approach. Based on the above-mentioned approaches, a series of representative small-molecule compounds, including Bisphenol-A, Mitoxantrone and Enoxacin have been demonstrated to modulate or selectively target ncRNAs in different types of human cancers. Collectively, these inspiring findings would provide a clue on developing more novel avenues for pharmacological modulations of ncRNAs with small-molecule drugs for future cancer therapeutics.
Vaccine hesitancy and access to psoriasis care during the <scp>COVID</scp> ‐19 pandemic: findings from a global patient‐reported cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Katie Bechman, Emma S. Cook, Nick Dand, Zenas Z.N. Yiu, Teresa Tsakok, Freya Meynell, Bolaji Coker, Alexandra Vincent, Herve Bachelez, Ines Barbosa, Matthew A. Brown, Francesca Capon, Claudia R. Contreras, Claudia De La Cruz, Paola Di Meglio, Paolo Gisondi, Denis Jullien, Jade Kelly, Jo Lambert, Camille Lancelot, Sinead M. Langan, Kayleigh J. Mason, Helen McAteer, Lucy Moorhead, Luigi Naldi, Sam Norton, Lluís Puig, Phyllis I. Spuls, Tiago Torres, Dominic Urmston, Amber Vesty, Richard B. Warren, Hoseah Waweru, John Weinman, Christopher E.M. Griffiths, Jonathan N. Barker, Catherine H. Smith, James B. Galloway, Satveer K. Mahil
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2022)

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MISCELLANY.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
P105: BLOOD MICROVESICLES AS BIOMARKERS TO PREDICT VASO-OCCLUSIVE CRISIS IN SICKLE CELL ANEMIA
Authors: M Chebbi, I Moumni, K Khalfaoui, I Safra, M Barmate, D Chaouechi, M Benkhaled, M Ouederni, F Mellouli, S Menif
Journal: HemaSphere (2022)

Background/Aims: Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a monogenetic disorder caused by a mutation that results an abnormal hemoglobin (HbS) with a susceptibility to polymerize and deform erythrocytes which leads to complications such as Haemolysis, chronic infections and vaso-occlusive and pain crises (Williams et Thein, 2018). The polymerization of HbS inside red blood cells leads to complex interactions with the cell membrane and other molecules which triggers the apoptosis of different blood cells and the release of microvesicles (MVs) (Mahfoudhi et al, 2012). MVs are phospholipid microparticles that are derived from the cytoplasmic membrane of cells submitted to stress conditions that result in apoptosis or activation. The generation of MVs in SCA could serve as a potential biomarker to predict serious cardiovascular complications (Olatunya et al, 2019). Therefore, our study suggests the research of MVs as potential cellular biomarkers and the implementation of a new strategy of innovative predictive diagnosis in order to avoid the serious complications of sickle cell anemia. Methods: Clinically diagnosed homozygous SCA patients from the Tunis national bone marrow transplant center and healthy donors were sampled for hematological and cellular assays. Flow cytometry was performed in to quantify apoptotic MVs derived from erythrocytes, platelets and endothelial cells using specific fluorescent antibodies and dyes. Results and Discussion: Our results showed a statistically significant increase in the number of apoptotic MVs which suggests a high apoptosis rate in patients’ cells comparing to healthy donors. We also found that MVs derived from erythrocytes, platelets and endothelial cells were clearly elevated in SCA patients which suggests their potential contribution in thrombotic risk and chronic hemolytic anemia. Our findings suggest then that microvesicles can be considered as hemolytic biomarkers for a predictive diagnosis so that disease complications could be avoided. References 1. Williams et Thein, Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics 2018;19:113 2. Mahfoudhi et al, British Journal of Haematology 2012;156:545 3. Olatunya et al, Annals of hematology 2019;98:2507
Oxytuberculin.
Authors: D. A. Beattie
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Santa Clara, Cal., March 12, 1898. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —My attention has been drawn to a letter in theJournalabout oxytuberculin by Dr. E. H. Smith of Santa Clara, Cal. It is not my custom to reply to such letters, but a few facts will be at least interesting. There are seven (or more) physicians in this county who have used oxytuberculin. How many of the cases treated by these physicians have been observed by Dr. Smith I am not able to state, nor do I know whether or not Dr. Hirschfelder has diagnosed all the cases of tuberculosis treated by these men. The letter states, " It is a very noticeable fact that all of the cases seem to be diagnosed by one individual, viz., Dr. Hirschfelder." For myself I shall reply, and will be glad to hear from the others. Dr. Hirschfelder never examined a case for me
BERLIN
Journal: JAMA (1930)

<h3>Official Cancer Statistics</h3> The Prussian Bureau of Statistics reports that 185,600 persons died of cancer in Prussia during the period 1923-1927 (81,200 men, 104,400 women). In 129,500 persons (66,800 men, 62,700 women), the digestive organs were the seat of the disorder. In 15 per cent, or 26,700, the reproductive organs were involved; in 3 per cent, or 5,700, the respiratory organs; in 2 per cent, or 3,975, the urinary organs, and in 1 per cent, or only 1,990, the external covering of the body was affected. The organs of sense, the nerves, the bones and the joints were involved in only about 2 per cent of the cases. Three per cent of the cases were abdominal cancer, without specification of the abdominal organ affected. From 4 to 5 per cent of all cancer death reports contained no reference to the seat of the fatal disease. Thus, the abdomen, its organs,
Instructions for Authors
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal