tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Selective attenuation of endothelium-mediated vasodilation in atherosclerotic human coronary arteries.
Authors: UFörstermann, AMügge, UAlheid, AHaverich, J CFrölich
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

This study was undertaken to determine whether atherosclerosis impairs relaxations mediated by endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) in human coronary arteries. Epicardial coronary arteries were obtained from the hearts of cardiac transplantation patients with or without histologically documented coronary atherosclerosis (atherosclerotic arteries were from patients aged 42-55 years, nonatherosclerotic arteries were from patients aged 14-24 years). Transverse strip preparations were mounted in organ baths for isometric tension recording. Tension was induced with prostaglandins F2 alpha. Indomethacin (10(-5) M) was present to prevent possible interference from endogenously formed prostaglandins. The EDRF-mediated relaxations in response to substance P (10(-10) to 10(-8) M), bradykinin (10(-9) to 10(-7) M), and Ca2+-ionophore A23187 (10(-9) to 10(-7) M) were significantly attenuated in atherosclerotic arteries. In deendothelialized tissues these compounds had no effect. In contrast, endothelium-independ...
Improved graft patency in patients treated with platelet-inhibiting therapy after coronary bypass surgery.
Authors: B GBrown, R ACukingnan, TDeRouen, L VGoede, MWong, H JFee, J ARoth, J SCarey
Journal: Circulation (1985)

One hundred forty-seven consecutive coronary bypass patients were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, risk-stratified, placebo-controlled prospective trial evaluating the effect on graft patency of 325 mg tid aspirin (ASA) plus 75 mg tid dipyridamole (DP) or ASA alone. One hundred twenty-seven patients (399 total grafts) underwent surgery, initiation of drug therapy 67 +/- 27 (SD) hr postoperatively, five clinic visits, and repeat angiography at 1 year. A logistic regression statistical model was used to determine the effects of 28 different measured variables on graft patency and to adjust for these effects in determining the relationship between antiplatelet therapy and graft occlusion. No patient-specific variable contributed significantly to the prediction of occlusion in either the placebo or the treated group. Six graft-specific variables (arterial diameter, severity of stenosis, graft flow, reactive hyperemia, presence or absence of collaterals, and graft type) did contribute and were included ...
Screening and Detection of Breast Cancer and Prostate Cancer
Authors: Emmanuel Saloustros
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Application of Basic Epidemiologic Principles and Electronic Health Records in a Deep Learning Prediction Model
Authors: Alexandre Vivot, Jules Grégory, Raphaël Porcher
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Financial Hardship From Medical Bills Among Adults With Chronic Liver Diseases: National Estimates From the United States
Authors: Carlos Lago‐Hernandez, Nghia H. Nguyen, Rohan Khera, Rohit Loomba, Sumeet K. Asrani, Siddharth Singh
Journal: Hepatology (2021)

Background and Aims Chronic liver diseases (CLD) affect approximately 2% of the U.S. population and are associated with substantial burden of hospitalization and costs. We estimated the national burden and consequences of financial hardship from medical bills in individuals with CLD. Approach and Results Using the National Health Interview Survey from 2014 to 2018, we identified individuals with self‐reported CLD. We used complex weighted survey analysis to obtain national estimates of financial hardship from medical bills and other financial toxicity measures (eg, cost‐related medication nonadherence, personal and/or health care–related financial distress, food insecurity). We evaluated the association of financial hardship from medical bills with unplanned health care use and work productivity, accounting for differences in age, sex, race/ethnicity, insurance, income, education, and comorbidities. Of the 3,666 (representing 5.3 million) U.S. adults with CLD, 1,377 (representing 2 million [37%, 95% CI: 35%‐39%]) reported financial hardship from medical bills, including 549 (representing 740,000 [14%, 95% CI: 13%‐16%]) who were unable to pay medical bills at all. Adults who were unable to pay medical bills had 8.4‐times higher odds of cost‐related medication nonadherence (adjusted OR [aOR], 8.39 [95% CI, 5.72‐12.32]), 6.3‐times higher odds of financial distress (aOR, 6.33 [4.44‐9.03]), and 5.6‐times higher odds of food insecurity (aOR, 5.59 [3.74‐8.37]), as compared to patients without financial hardship from medical bills. Patients unable to pay medical bills had 1.9‐times higher odds of emergency department visits (aOR, 1.85 [1.33‐2.57]) and 1.8‐times higher odds of missing work due to disease (aOR, 1.83 [1.26‐2.67]). Conclusions One in 3 adults with CLD experience financial hardship from medical bills, and frequently experience financial toxicity and unplanned healthcare use. These financial determinates of health have important implications in the context of value‐based care.
A prospective comparison of class IA, B, and C antiarrhythmic agents in combination with amiodarone in patients with inducible, sustained ventricular tachycardia.
Authors: LToivonen, AKadish, FMorady
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDClinical experience suggests that combinations of antiarrhythmic agents provide more effective control of ventricular tachyarrhythmias than does therapy with single agents.METHODS AND RESULTSAntiarrhythmic and electrophysiological effects of three class I antiarrhythmic agents, one from each subclass A, B, and C, were assessed in single use and in combination with amiodarone in patients with inducible, sustained ventricular tachycardia that was not suppressed by monotherapy with these agents. Thirty-one patients underwent an electrophysiology test on four occasions: at baseline; after 2-4 days of treatment with quinidine, mexiletine, or encainide; after 2 weeks of treatment with 1,200 mg/day amiodarone; and last, after 2-4 days of treatment with both amiodarone and the previously tested class I agent. The combination of a class I agent and amiodarone prevented the induction of sustained ventricular tachycardia in only one of 31 (3%) patients. Ventricular tachycardia became hemodynamically stable...
Mechanistic insights into the adsorption and bioactivity of fibronectin on surfaces with varying chemistries by a combination of experimental strategies and molecular simulations
Authors: Lijing Hao, Tianjie Li, Lin Wang, Xuetao Shi, Yan Fan, Chang Du, Yingjun Wang
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)

Fibronectin (Fn) is significant to the performance of biomaterials, and the chemistry of biomaterial surface play important roles in Fn adsorption and subsequent cell behavior. However, the "molecular scale" mechanism is still unclear. Herein, we combined experimental strategies with molecular simulations to solve this problem. We prepared self-assembled monolayers with varying chemistries, i.e., SAMs-CH3, SAMs-NH2, SAMs-COOH and SAMs-OH, and characterized Fn adsorption and cell behaviors on them. Next, Monte Carlo method and all-atom molecular dynamics simulations were employed to reveal the orientation/conformation of Fn on surfaces. We found that SAMs-CH3 strongly adsorbed Fn via hydrophobic interactions, but show poor bioactivity as the low exposure of RGD/PHSRN motifs and the deformation of Fn. SAMs-NH2 and SAMs-COOH could adsorb Fn efficiently via vdW interactions, electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonds and salt bridges. Fn exhibited excellent bioactivity for cell adhesion, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation as high exposure of bioactive motifs on SAMs-NH2, or as the activation of other inferior cell-binding motifs on SAMs-COOH. SAMs-OH showed poor Fn adsorption as the water film. However, the adsorbed Fn displayed non-negligible bioactivity due to high exposure of PHSRN motif and large degree of protein flexibility. We believe that the revealed mechanism presents great potential to rationally design Fn-activating biomaterials.
Measurement of myocardial blood flow by ultrafast computed tomography.
Authors: C JWolfkiel, J LFerguson, E VChomka, W RLaw, I NLabin, M LTenzer, MBooker, B HBrundage
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Myocardial blood flow was analyzed by radioisotope-labeled microspheres and ultrafast computed tomography (CT) in 16 closed-chest, anesthetized dogs. The first set of 10 dogs had CT and microsphere measurements before and after chromonar-induced increases in myocardial blood flow. A second set of six dogs had flows measured at control and during temporary reductions in regional flow produced by balloon cuff occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. All dogs had four-slice, 20-instance CT scans after injection of a medium bolus (0.35 ml/kg) of contrast medium into a femoral vein simultaneous with injection of microspheres into the left atrium. CT myocardial flow was calculated as the change in myocardial CT numbers divided by the area from a blood pool time-density curve. A wide range of myocardial blood flows was produced as determined by microspheres (0 to 6.7 ml/min/g). Global flow of the first set of dogs was shown to have excellent correlation (r = .95, n = 17) for a limited range (.4...
Characterization of capacitance-free pressure-flow relations during single diastoles in dogs using an RC model with pressure-dependent parameters.
Authors: J MCanty, F JKlocke, R EMates
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

Although previous studies have proposed a variety of models to characterize diastolic pressure-flow relations, the models' ability to predict capacitance-free pressure-flow relations from dynamic information in individual studies has not been determined. This study tested the ability of a lumped RC model with pressure-dependent parameters to predict diastolic capacitance-free flow during maximum vasodilation in anesthetized dogs. Model parameters were characterized by perturbing the circumflex coronary artery with a ramp pressure waveform that caused coronary artery pressure to decline at rates varying from 30-150 mm Hg/sec. Capacitance-free relations constructed from declining and rising ramp pressure-flow data corresponded with capacitance-free pressure-flow points constructed during constant-pressure coronary artery perfusion (which are model-independent). The model parameters derived from analysis of the ramp data indicate that conductance of the coronary bed varies directly with coronary pressure and...
Myocardial ischemia: platelet and thromboxane concentrations in cardiac lymph and the effects of ibuprofen and prostacyclin.
Authors: L HMichael, J RHunt, R MLewis, M LEntman
Journal: Circulation Research (1986)

Blood platelets have been implicated in several mechanisms leading to and/or modifying myocardial ischemia. Cardiac lymph examination allows insight into the extracellular fluid that is in equilibrium with the capillary blood. In order to obtain an index of platelet activation during coronary artery events in the awake chronic animal, we wished to ascertain whether evaluation of cardiac lymph would detect changes in platelet activation resulting from a vascular occlusion. The study used conscious dogs in which cardiac lymph vessels had been previously cannulated by open-chest surgical protocol. The concentrations of immunoreactive thromboxane B2 and platelet counts were assessed in the cardiac lymph during the control period, the 10-60 minute occlusions, and the reperfusion periods. The same protocols were effected on another series of dogs after infusion of ibuprofen or prostacyclin. Initially, immunoreactive thromboxane B2 concentrations in the systemic blood and cardiac lymph were identical. A three-fo...
Inhibition of rat arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation by heparin. II. In vitro studies.
Authors: R LHoover, RRosenberg, WHaering, M JKarnovsky
Journal: Circulation Research (1980)

We studied in vitro the effects heparin on the growth of rat aortic smooth muscle cells. Measurements of growth were monitored by [3H]thymidine uptake and changes in cell number over a period of 3 days. Our results show that heparin-highly anticoagulant or nonanticoagulant-significantly inhibits growth of smooth muscle cells. We also show that this is a highly specfic interaction with regard to molecule and cell type: i.e., other polyanions, except for a low molecular weight dextran sulfate, do not have the same effect on growth, and not all cells are inhibited by heparin; e.g., endothelial cell growth actually is enhanced. After removing antithrombin from our media, we carried out experiments which show that heparin is effective even though thrombin, a potent mitogenic agent, is still present and active. We also found that passing the platelet extract over a heparin column did not remove all of the motogenic activity of the platelet preparation. Both experiments indicate an inhibitory role for the hepari...
Induction of endothelial cell expression of the plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 gene by thrombosis in vivo.
Authors: SFujii, HSawa, J ESaffitz, C LLucore, B ESobel
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDWe have shown previously that products from activated platelets can augment synthesis of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) in cultured endothelial and hepatoma (Hep G2) cells in vitro and increase plasma PAI-1 activity in vivo in rabbits. Accordingly, the effects of activation of platelets associated with thrombosis and thrombolysis in vivo on plasma PAI-1 activity and expression of the PAI-1 gene in endothelium, liver, and other organs were characterized.METHODS AND RESULTSEndothelial injury giving rise to platelet-rich thrombi was induced with electrical stimulation in carotid arteries in rabbits. Clot lysis and recanalization were induced subsequently with intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and verified with Doppler flow probes. Plasma PAI-1 activity (mean +/- SD) increased from 6 +/- 2 arbitrary units (AU)/ml to 129 +/- 48 AU/ml (n = 15) within several hours after recanalization. When t-PA had failed to induce recanalization, the increase was much less (from 7 ...
Suppression of myocardial protein degradation in the rat during fasting. Effects of insulin, glucose, and leucine.
Authors: G DCurfman, D SO'Hara, B EHopkins, T WSmith
Journal: Circulation Research (1980)

To study the effects of leucine, glucose, and insulin on myocardial protein degradation in fed and fasted nutritional states, we developed and validated a sensitive method for measuring rates of total protein degradation in rat isolated left atrial preparations. Fasting resulted in a progressive decrease in myocardial protein breakdown to 71% of control over a 24-hour period, with no further reduction in degradation rate between 24 and 72 hours of fasting. Insulin (100 mU/ml) suppressed atrial protein degradation by 38% in fed animals (P less than 0.001) and by 51% in fasted animals (P less than 0.001). Glucose alone had no effect on protein degradation in either nutritional state. At 5 times normal plasma levels, leucine suppressed protein breakdown by 21% in fed and by 15% in fasted animals. The decrease in degradation induced by fasting and the absence of an effect of glucose are in contrast to the behavior reported for skeletal muscle.
Right heart volume characteristics in transposition of the great arteries.
Authors: T PGraham, G FAtwood, R JBoucek, R CBoerth, J HNelson
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Right and left heart volume data were obtained during 44 cardiac catheterizations in 24 patients with complete transposition of the great arteries (TGA) prior to corrective surgery. Patients were divided into three hemodynamic groups: I)TGA with intact ventricular septum, N = 23 studies in 13 patients, ages 1 day-22 months; II)TGA with ventricular septal defect (VSD), N = 12 studies in six patients, ages 7 days-15 months; III)TGA with VSD plus pulmonary stenosis, N = 9 studies in five patients, ages 5 days-5.6 years. In group I, right ventricular end-diastolic volume (RVEDV) averaged 170 plus or minus 52% of normal (P smaller than 0.001), RV ejection fraction (EF) was 0.48 plus or minus 0.09, 74% of normal (P smaller than 0.001), and RV systolic output (SO) was 123 plus or minus 34% (NS). In group II, RVEDV was 163 plus or minus 25% of normal (P smaller than 0.001), RVEF 0.59 plus or minus 0.08, 91% of normal (NS), and RVSO was 158 plus or minus 52% (P smaller than 0.02). In group III, RVEDV averaged 12...
H(+)-induced vasodilation of rat aorta is mediated by alterations in intracellular calcium sequestration.
Authors: RLoutzenhiser, YMatsumoto, WOkawa, MEpstein
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

Acidosis induces vasodilation both in vivo and in vitro. Although it is commonly surmised that acidosis alters contractility by affecting contractile proteins and calcium entry, the exact role of these mechanisms in acidosis-induced vasodilation has not been determined. In the present study, we demonstrated that a novel mechanism, involving increased calcium sequestration into intracellular sites sensitive to norepinephrine, mediates the vasodilation associated with relatively modest decreases in pH. The effects of changing pH from 7.4 to 7.0 on tension development, 45Ca fluxes, and the norepinephrine-releasable intracellular calcium stores were studied in isolated rat aorta. Acute acidification produced marked endothelium-independent dilations of aortic rings that had been precontracted with norepinephrine. In contrast, this maneuver had only modest effects on contractions elicited by 80 mM KCl or phorbol ester. Acidification in this range did not alter basal or norepinephrine-stimulated undirectional 45...
Enhancement of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation capability by hypoperfusion in isolated perfused rat heart.
Authors: P CPelikan, J TNiemann, G ZXia, GJagels, J MCriley
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

To define alterations in myocardial mitochondrial function due to hypoperfusion, oxidative phosphorylation was simultaneously studied in 17 control (stable perfusion pressure) rat hearts and 17 hypoperfused isolated rat hearts. Hypoperfusion for 30 minutes was achieved by a reduction in coronary perfusion pressure from 77.8 +/- 1.2 mm Hg (mean +/- SEM) to 20.2 +/- 1.8 mm Hg in the experimental group (control perfusion pressure after 30 minutes 75.6 +/- 1.2). Hypoperfusion caused a reduction in left ventricular developed pressure to 20.5 +/- 1.5 mm Hg (versus control 74.8 +/- 3.3, p less than 0.0001), a reduction of coronary flow rate to 4.9 +/- 0.3 ml/min (versus control 19.4 +/- 1.2, p less than 0.0001), and a drop in myocardial oxygen consumption to 0.06 +/- 0.005 ml O2/min (versus control 0.17 +/- 0.01, p less than 0.0001). Myocardial lactate production was increased by hypoperfusion (3.0 +/- 0.6 mumol/min) compared with controls (0.7 +/- 0.5, p less than 0.02), but myocardial creatine kinase release w...
Bradykinin-induced increases in cytosolic calcium and ionic currents in cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells.
Authors: MColden-Stanfield, W PSchilling, A KRitchie, S GEskin, L TNavarro, D LKunze
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

The goal of the present study was to determine if voltage-sensitive calcium channels are present in bovine aortic endothelial cell plasmalemma and if they contribute to the rise in cytosolic calcium produced by bradykinin. After bradykinin (100 nM) exposure, endothelial cell associated fura-2 fluorescence peaked within 10-20 seconds and then declined to a steady level 2- to 3-fold above resting values. Pretreatment with lanthanum (20 microM) abolished the steady level produced by bradykinin but had little effect on the initial, transient rise in cytosolic calcium. Chelation of extracellular calcium with EGTA before addition of bradykinin resulted in a substantial decrease in the fura-2 transient and elimination of the long-lasting component. Nimodipine (3 microM) and nitrendipine (1 microM) were without effect on either phase of the bradykinin-induced response. Moreover, elevation of extracellular potassium failed to produce a rise in intracellular calcium. With the use of the tight seal technique to volt...
Hypermetabolic Unicentric Castleman Disease of Kidney on FDG PET/CT
Authors: Peipei Wang, Guozhu Hou, Fang Li, Xin Cheng
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

Abstract A 62-year-old man presented with a huge lesion of left kidney on ultrasound in a health examination 1 month ago. The mass showed hypervascularity on enhanced CT and intense FDG uptake on FDG PET/CT in the lower pole of kidney, which suggested renal malignancy. The histopathological result after surgical resection of the mass confirmed the diagnosis of Castleman disease, the hyaline vascular variant.
Molecular Characterization of Residual Bladder Cancer after Neoadjuvant Pembrolizumab
Authors: Andrea Necchi, Joep J. de Jong, Daniele Raggi, Alberto Briganti, Laura Marandino, Andrea Gallina, Marco Bandini, Bashar Dabbas, Elai Davicioni, Umberto Capitanio, Francesco Montorsi, Roland Seiler, Jonathan L. Wright, Yair Lotan, Peter C. Black, Ewan A. Gibb
Journal: European Urology (2021)
Covid-19 Transmission Risk Following Endoscopy During Endoscopy Activity Reduction At First UK Lockdown
Authors: A Al-Rifaie, A Gawn, H Woodun, M Gariballa, A Ghodeif, A Sreh, Z Tariq, N Di-Marco, A Tunbridge, M Thoufeeq
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims The rate of incidence and outcome of COVID-19 infection following endoscopic procedures during the first UK lockdown period was evaluated. We also assessed risk factors for transmission of COVID-19 infection post-endoscopy.