tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Animal study automation and management software: Powerful innovations to improve the quality and efficiency of in vivo cancer research.
Authors: Eric M. Ibsen, Walter W. Parabaniuk
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

3261  Commercially available in vivo oncology study software provides the Cancer Research Community with powerful tools to improve the quality, integrity and efficiency of animal studies. Significant benefits may be achieved by automating data collection, graphing, analysis, results dissemination and task management processes. Measurements are typically collected individually by data type and recorded manually onto paper and/or entered into a spreadsheet program, re-entered into statistical analysis and graphing programs and then again re-entered into a database. This process is inefficient, redundant and prone to recording, transposition and transcriptional errors. Data analysis is similarly time-consuming and error prone. The lack of a consistent data formatting convention prevents or complicates the comparison of like data even within the same institution. Spreadsheet programs are useful; yet, do nothing to manage study data, such as cell line, test article and animal information, nor do they manage data securely. Gross errors may remain undetected and study integrity may be affected. Data manipulation errors can be obviated by the employment of Animal Study Automation software tools. Currently available systems provide measurement and automatic recording of tumor dimensions and body weights using device cables. Animals may be distributed to groups manually or randomized by tumor volume, body weight or both. Warning messages and E-mails are provided when tumor volume or body weight loss exceeds an IACUC-specified threshold limit. Detailed cell line, hormone pellet, animal and test/control article information is recorded and maintained. Dose calculations and graphs can be generated automatically. Study task management is automated with messages sent to management and all pertinent study personnel to inform them of planned tasks and remind them of still-uncompleted tasks. Graphs may be pasted into PowerPoint for rapid results dissemination. Entire study data files may be encrypted and distributed securely to collaborators or sponsors. Basic statistical analyses may be performed with little effort and data may be exported easily to other statistical programs for more complex analyses. Another benefit of automation is group size optimization by cell line by performing power analyses on institutional historical data. This minimizes the risk of missing of positive results due to assignment of too few animals/group as well as the unnecessary usage of superfluous animals. Redundant entry of data into the institutional database as well as non-compliance of database entry is avoided and all results may be queried. Tumor Biology Researchers could significantly improve the quality and efficiency of in vivo study conduct by leveraging current innovations in oncology study software.
Implantable transvenous cardioverter-defibrillators.
Authors: G HBardy, BHofer, GJohnson, P JKudenchuk, J EPoole, G LDolack, MGleva, RMitchell, DKelso
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDImplantable transvenous cardioverter-defibrillators offer a significant opportunity to decrease procedural morbidity and medical costs in the care of patients with life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias who otherwise would have required a sternotomy or thoracotomy for device insertion. The purpose of this study was to examine prospectively the safety, efficacy, and limitations associated with the use of a transvenously implanted, tiered-therapy cardioverter-defibrillator with antitachycardia pacing function in a consecutive population of 84 ventricular fibrillation (VF) and sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) survivors.METHODS AND RESULTSThe index arrhythmia promoting transvenous cardioverter-defibrillator implantation was VF in 41 patients, VT in 27, and both VF and VT in 16. In each patient, transvenous defibrillation via a coronary sinus, a right ventricular, a superior vena caval, and/or a subcutaneous chest patch lead system was attempted. The pulsing methods used include two-electrode...
Relationship between beta-adrenergic receptor numbers and physiological responses during experimental canine myocardial ischemia.
Authors: AMukherjee, L RBush, K EMcCoy, R JDuke, HHagler, L MBuja, J TWillerson
Journal: Circulation Research (1982)

In the present study, we evaluated the physiological responsiveness of the increased numbers of beta-adrenergic receptors in ischemic canine myocardium to in vivo stimulation by (-)-isoproterenol and epinephrine. After 1 hour of temporary proximal left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion and during a 15-minute period of reflow, dogs received (1)-isoproterenol intravenously at a rate sufficient to increase their heart rates 20--40 beats/min. Following the infusion of isoproterenol, myocardial tissue was obtained from the LV ischemic and nonischemic regions for measurement of beta-adrenergic receptor numbers, cyclic AMP content, and phosphorylase b to a conversion. beta-Adrenergic receptor numbers were significantly increased in the left ventricular (LV) ischemic tissue. The administration of (-)-isoproterenol was associated with significant increases in cyclic adenosine monophosphate content and phosphorylase b to a conversion in the LV ischemic tissue. Also, the administration of (-)-epinephrine...
Comment on Hermanns et al. The Effect of a Diabetes-Specific Cognitive Behavioral Treatment Program (DIAMOS) for Patients With Diabetes and Subclinical Depression: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Diabetes Care 2015;38:551–560
Authors: Selcan Tulu, Ozge Telci Caklili, Gunes Alkaya, Aytekin Oguz
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

We have read the article by Hermanns et al. (1) with great interest. Use of such a diabetes-specific cognitive behavioral treatment program in common practice will be beneficial to lessen the disease burden. In …
Mechanism of ergonovine-induced hyperconstriction of the large epicardial coronary artery in conscious dogs a month after arterial injury.
Authors: KEgashira, HTomoike, YHayashi, AYamada, MNakamura, ATakeshita
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

This study investigated the mechanism of ergonovine-induced hyperconstriction of coronary artery in conscious dogs that had undergone endothelial denudation one month earlier. The diameter of the large epicardial coronary artery was continuously measured by a sonomicrometer in 12 dogs in which two pairs of 10-MHz piezoelectric crystals had been surgically implanted at the denuded and nondenuded sites of coronary arteries. A month after the endothelial denudation, intravenous ergonovine (0.01, 0.1, 0.3, and 1.0 mg) produced transient dilation followed by dose-dependent constriction. The degrees of dilation were comparable between the denuded and nondenuded sites. The magnitudes of constriction induced by ergonovine were significantly larger in the denuded site than in the nondenuded site: the percent reductions in diameter evoked with 0.3 mg ergonovine were 14.4 +/- 2.3% and 3.8 +/- 0.8% (p less than 0.01) at the denuded and nondenuded sites, respectively. The magnitudes of constriction induced by intraven...
Detection of diseased coronary artery by exercise ST-T maps in patients with effort angina pectoris, single-vessel disease, and normal ST-T wave on electrocardiogram at rest.
Authors: IKubota, KHanashima, KIkeda, KTsuiki, SYasui
Journal: Circulation (1989)

To examine the clinical significance of ST-T isopotential maps, 87-lead body surface mapping was performed after treadmill exercise in 21 patients with effort angina pectoris, single-vessel disease, and normal ST-T waves on the resting electrocardiogram. Single-vessel disease was found in the left anterior descending artery (LAD) (nine patients), in the right coronary artery (RCA) (seven patients), and in the left circumflex artery (LCx) (five patients). At 40 msec after the J point, the isopotential maps showed the site of the minimum to be in the left anterior chest in all patients. According to the changes in the position of the minimum from the ST segment to the T wave, postexercise maps were classified into four types. Type A maps (n = 8) were characterized by the persistence of the minimum in the left anterior chest until its negativity decreased and until it became less negative than another minimum that subsequently appeared in a different position. Type B maps (n = 6) were characterized by the gr...
Efficacy and Safety of Self Expanding Metal Stents (SEMS) in Colonic Malignant Proximal Stenosis
Authors: D Orlando, D Assisi, E Venti, G Vanella, R Lapenta
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Self-expanding metal stents have been used in the management of colorectal obstruction as an alternative to emergency surgery. Aim of this study is to evaluated efficacy and safety of placement of colonic stent in proximal colon.
Scanning electron microscopy of surface irregularities and thrombogenesis of polyurethane and polyethylene coronary catheters.
Authors: M GBourassa, MCantin, E BSandborn, EPederson
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Following routine coronary arteriography, surface irregularities and thrombogenesis of the inner and outer wall of six Ducor polyurethane and six RPX polyethylene coronary catheters were studied by scanning electron microscopy. Polyurethane catheters had rough and highly irregular external and internal surfaces. All catheters showed adherent thrombi on their external surface. The internal surface of three catheters showed evidence of thrombosis. Polyethylene differed from polyurethane in several respects. Although the external surface had an irregular and wavelike appearance, the internal surface was smooth and regular. Two polyethylene catheters showed thrombi on their external surface. The internal surface of one catheter showed single platelets in one area. These results confirm recent reports showing that internal and external surface irregularities play a major role in the initiation of thrombosis in and on intravascular catheters. They stress the need for high quality catheter materials with smooth ...
Coronary atherosclerosis in soldiers : A clue to the natural history of atherosclerosis in the young
Authors: Jp. Strong
Journal: JAMA (1986)

IN THIS week's issue, the editors of JAMA have republished an article fromThe Journalof 33 years ago that is clearly a landmark in our understanding of the development of coronary atherosclerosis. This article, Coronary Disease Among United States Soldiers Killed in Action in Korea, by MAJ William F. Enos, LTC Robert H. Holmes, MC, USA, and CPT James Beyer, MC, USA, documents the presence of significant coronary lesions in soldiers who were battle casualties in Korea. Those soldiers for whom age was recorded ranged from 18 to 48 years old, with an average age of 22.1 years. The article appeared at a time when mortality from coronary heart disease was reaching a zenith in the United States and being recognized worldwide as a modern epidemic. This widely cited publication dramatically showed that atherosclerotic changes appear in the coronary arteries years and decades before the age at which coronary
Regulatory role of long non coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in neurological disorders: From novel biomarkers to promising therapeutic strategies
Authors: Nirjhar Bhattacharyya, Vedansh Pandey, Malini Bhattacharyya, Abhijit Dey
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2021)

Long non coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-protein or low-protein coding transcripts that contain more than 200 nucleotides. They representing a large share of the cell's transcriptional output, demonstrate functional attributes viz. tissue-specific expression, determination of cell fate, controlled expression, RNA processing and editing, dosage compensation, genomic imprinting, conserved evolutionary traits etc. These long non coding variants are well associated with pathogenicity of various diseases including the neurological disorders like Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease etc. Neurological disorders are widespread and there knowing the underlying mechanisms become crucial. The lncRNAs take part in the pathogenesis by a plethora of mechanisms like decoy, scaffold, mi-RNA sequestrator, histone modifiers and in transcriptional interference. Detailed knowledge of the role of lncRNAs can help to use them further as novel biomarkers for therapeutic aspects. Here, in this review we discuss regulation and functional roles of lncRNAs in eight neurological diseases and psychiatric disorders, and the mechanisms by which they act. With these, we try to establish their roles as potential markers and viable diagnostic tools in these disorders.
Observer agreement in evaluating coronary angiograms.
Authors: K MDetre, EWright, M LMurphy, TTakaro
Journal: Circulation (1975)

The reliability of interpretation of coronary arteriography as a diagnostic tool was investigated in a sub-study of the VA Cooperative Study of Surgical Treatment for Coronary Arterial Occlusive Disease. Twenty-two physicians with varying levels of experience read 13 cine angiograms -- blind -- on two different occasions. Analysis of inter- and intraobserver variability showed that angiographic items about which observers were most inconsistent from one reading to the other had the largest interobserver disagreement as well. They were the distal portions of the left anterior descending and left circumflex arteries. Among the items on which there was most consistent agreement -- namely, the right main coronary artery and presence of ventricular aneurysm -- there was most often agreement between observers as well. When individual readers were evaluated, some observers were far more consistent in their own readings of all the angiographic items than others. This intraobserver agreement in turn correlated fai...
Changes in grafts and coronary arteries after saphenous vein aortocoronary bypass surgery: results at repeat angiography.
Authors: M GBourassa, LCampeau, JLespérance, C MGrondin
Journal: Circulation (1982)

We studied the patency of saphenous vein aortocoronary bypass grafts in nonconsecutive and consecutive subgroups of our first 600 patients. The patency rates were 87-93% within 1 month and 74-85% approximately 1 year after surgery. The attrition rate of grafts averaged 2.2% per year between 1 and 6 years. Early occlusion was due to thrombosis; occlusion at 1 year was caused by fibrous intimal proliferation of grafts, which also led to variable reduction in caliber and to significant (greater than 50%) segmental stenoses in 5-15% of patent grafts. The most important determinant of graft patency at 1 year was the runoff capacity of the recipient arteries, followed by the quality of the surgical techniques. Late occlusion was related to atherosclerosis that became manifest only after at least 2 years. Coronary atherosclerosis progressed in more than 50% of proximal segments of grafted arteries during the first year, but little additional deterioration occurred between 1 and 6 years. During the first year, on...
Ulcerative colitis and cancer.
Authors: M A del Río
Journal: BMJ (1967)

We present two cases of ulcerative colitis complicated with rectum carcinoma, after ten years of the beginning of the illness. The author present 50 cases of ulcerative colitis treated in Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina between 1958 and 1986. In two of these cases we found the cancer localized in rectum (4%). The first was a 62 years old man, to have had a good post operative evolution with Miles operation. The second was a 56 years old woman who had a bad evolution with proctocolectomy and ileostomy, surviving 4 years with multiple metastasis. We recommend to perform an efficient control of the patients with more than ten years of evolution of the disease with colonoscopy and biopsies of mucosal of the colon and rectum, and C.E.A. echography, etc. We think that the technique of ileoanal-anastomosis with ileal reservoir is the best current method for the treatment of the cases of ulcerative colitis and cancer.
Congenital dislocation of the hip.
Authors: F de LIMA
Journal: BMJ (1971)

anticoagulants are not free from the risk of profuse haematuria.'2It is difficult to imagine cryoprostatectomy becoming more popular in its present form, and indeed it has been abandoned in some centres after poor (unpublished) results.Its success must always depend on the size, shape, and vascularity of the prostate gland and on the need to freeze just enough tissue for just long enough without damaging the surrounding organs and sphincter areas.Anaesthesia has reached a sufficiently high standard for few patients to be so ill that they cannot withstand the short anaesthetic necessary for a palliative transurethral resection.In these the operation need provide only a "channel" sufficient to allow adequate urination for what must inevitably be a limited life expectancy.Even the presence of a cardiac pacemaker need not be a contraindication to resection.'5 An interesting consequence of cryosurgery is the "immunocryothermic response" that has been observed in some patients with metastatic carcinoma of the prostate.16Prostatic autoantibodies have been detected, and their production is boosted by a second freeze at an interval of 30 days.The pro- duction of prostatic tumour-specific antibodies might lead to a further line of attack on these tumours.
What if Americans ate less fat?
Authors: D. Ornish
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To the Editor.  —I was disappointed by the article by Browner et al1because it leaves people with information that is incomplete and misleading in an area of public policy that is increasingly important. When people read that a low-fat diet prolongs life by only 3 to 4 months, and then primarily only in people older than 65 years, it often leaves them with a profound feeling of therapeutic nihilism: Why bother? Bring out the bacon and eggs!  However, this conclusion is flawed and misleading. First, the beneficial effects of a low-fat diet are diluted by averaging these effects over an entire population, including those who are not likely to have CHD or diet-related cancers. For an individual who has significant cardiac risk factors and might otherwise develop heart disease at age 40 years, the benefits of a low-fat diet would be correspondingly much greater.  Second, while a
Guidelines for care during bronchoscopy.
Authors: J Brimacombe, A Berry
Journal: Thorax (1994)

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire in psoriatic synovitis and to determine whether T lymphocytes in joint and skin lesions show the same Vbeta CDR3 region. METHODS: The expression of Valpha and Vbeta families was evaluated by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The CDR3 region of some Vbeta families was analyzed by cloning and sequencing. RESULTS: We found a diverse variable beta chain usage within psoriatic synovial fluid of 11 patients although some Valpha and Vbeta families were more frequently expressed without evidence of clonality. Analysis of TCR in skin and synovial lesions of 3 patients showed identical CDR3 sequences, indicating that T cells bearing the same TCR are present at the 2 sites of chronic inflammation. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that common or similar crossreactive antigens present in the 2 locations are responsible for the expansion of the same TCR-bearing T cells possibly already activated by a superantigen. This supports the hypothesis that both polyclonal and oligoclonal lymphocyte activation contribute to the initiation and persistence of psoriatic arthritis.
Toxic Effects of Local Anesthetics
Authors: Robert P. Burns
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent review by de Jong on "Toxic Effects of Local Anesthetics" (239:1166,1978) contains a serious omission in that it does not mention the specific damaging effects of local anesthetics on the eye. The severe contact keratitis that can develop from prolonged use of topical anesthetics in the eye should be emphasized. Although the toxic reaction had been pointed out numerous times in the past,<sup>1</sup>failure to recognize the effect continues to occur, not only in this country but also in Europe.<sup>2</sup> It has long been known that local anesthetics inhibit the rate of movement of corneal epithelial cells migrating to cover wounds. The cellular basis of this toxicity may lie in disruption of cytoplasmic actin filaments,<sup>3</sup>which are believed to be responsible for the movement of cells across corneal wounds.<sup>4</sup> In a report of chronic toxicity of local anesthetics on the cornea,
Electrophysiological effects of myocardial stretch and mechanical determinants of stretch-activated arrhythmias.
Authors: M RFranz, RCima, DWang, DProfitt, RKurz
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDAlthough the existence of myocardial mechanoelectrical feedback is well established, the mechanism of arrhythmia induction by ventricular dilatation or stretch remains insufficiently defined. In particular, controversy exists when comparing the arrhythmogenic potential of chronic versus acute myocardial stretch. Also, assessment of cellular electrophysiological effects of myocardial stretch has been incomplete.METHODS AND RESULTSTo evaluate the electrophysiological and arrhythmogenic effects of slow versus rapid ventricular wall stretch, we developed an isolated Langendorff-perfused rabbit heart model in which left ventricular (LV) volume can be changed by a computer-controlled servopump. Cellular electrophysiological effects and premature ventricular excitations (PVEs) and their origin produced by the volume increases were assessed by a multiple-site monophasic action potential (MAP) recording system and by volume-conducted ECGs obtained by immersing the entire preparation in a saline-filled ta...
An Assessment Of The Learning Curve For Endoscopic Ultrasound Directed Transgastric Ercp (EDGE) For A Single Operator
Authors: M Jovani, MG Keane, M Bejjani, B Ghandour, S Al Ghamdi, VS Akshintala, L Zhang, S Mony, MA Khashab
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims We aimed to study the learning curve (LC) of EUS-directed transgastric ERCP (EDGE). EDGE entails the creation of a gastrogastrostomy (GG) through placement of a lumen-apposing metal stent (LAMS).
Left ventricular hypertrophy and impaired diastolic filling in essential hypertension. Diastolic mechanisms for systolic dysfunction during exercise.
Authors: ACuocolo, F LSax, J EBrush, B JMaron, S LBacharach, R OBonow
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Left ventricular ejection fraction is normal at rest but may respond abnormally to exercise in many patients with essential hypertension. To assess the determinants of the abnormal ejection fraction response to exercise, we performed radionuclide angiography at rest and during exercise in 41 hypertensive patients without coronary artery disease. In 22 patients (group 1), the ejection fraction increased more than 5% during exercise; in the other 19 patients (group 2), the ejection fraction either increased by less than 5% or decreased with exercise. Left ventricular diastolic filling was impaired at rest in patients in group 2 compared with group 1, with reduced peak filling rate (2.5 +/- 0.4 vs. 3.1 +/- 0.7 end-diastolic volume/sec; p less than 0.01) and prolonged time to peak filling rate (175 +/- 28 vs. 153 +/- 22 msec; p less than 0.01). Impaired diastolic filling in group 2 was associated with less augmentation in end-diastolic volume during exercise compared with group 1 (p less than 0.01). These obs...