tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 10837: Prognostic Importance of Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure According to Time Elapsed Since Diagnosis
Authors: Brian Schwartz, Morten Schou, Maria Irene Barillas Lara, Kevin M Monahan, Robert Helm, Lars Kober, Gunnar Gislason, Vasan S Ramachandran, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Charlotte Andersson
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: Mortality rates in heart failure (HF) are greatest early after onset and decline rapidly with time (with the survival of the less sick patients). However, it is not known if the presence of atrial fibrillation (AF), a well-known risk factor for mortality in this population, alters such course. Methods: From the Danish nationwide administrative database, all first time HF patients were identified between 1998-2018 using ICD coding and followed for all cause mortality until the end of 2018. AF was categorized as occurring antecedent (before), concomitant (with), or after HF diagnosis. Time-dependent Poisson regression model was used to determine mortality rate ratios, using ‘no AF’ as referent, with multivariable adjustment. Results: A total of 252,988 HF patients (45% women, mean age 74 ±13 years) were included. Of these, 54,064 (21%) had AF before HF onset and 27,651 (11%) patients had AF diagnosed concomitantly with HF. During follow-up, 30,565 additional patients developed AF. The cumulative mortality and mortality rates were highest early after onset for all groups, but greater for those with AF versus without AF, regardless of the time of onset, Figure A and B. Of note, the rates declined substantially more and faster for patients without AF, rendering AF greater prognostic importance the longer out from initial diagnosis, p for interaction between AF groups and HF duration &lt;0.0001, Figure C. Conclusion: While mortality declined in all patients with HF over time, patients with AF experienced substantially less decline in mortality than the no AF group, rendering AF of greater prognostic importance later in the clinical course of HF.
A Window Study of Acalabrutinib Plus Rituximab Followed By R-Dhaox (rituximab, dexamethasone, cytarabine, oxaliplatin) and Autologous Stem Cell Transplant (ASCT) in Fit Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL): The Australasian Leukaemia &amp; Lymphoma Group (ALLG) NHL33 Wamm Trial
Authors: Eliza Hawkes, Shivam Agrawal, Sze-Ting Lee, Joel Wight, Greg Hapgood, Tasman Armytage, Nicole Wong Doo, Tara Cochrane, Chan-Yoon Cheah, Ian Bilmon, Matthew Ku, Stephen Opat, Bianca Devitt, Chun Yew Fong, Tineke Fancourt, Mannu Walia, Gloria Nkhoma, Allison Barraclough
Journal: Blood (2021)
Abstract 13219: ER-Selective Autophagy Alleviates ER Stress-Mediated Myocardial Injury
Authors: Shun Nakagama, Yasuhiro Maejima, Fan Qintao, Yuka Shiheido-Watanabe, Natsuko Tamura, Tetsuo Sasano
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: Increasing lines of evidence suggest endoplasmic reticulum-selective autophagy (ER-phagy) as a cell-protective pathway to mediate degradation of damaged ER. However, the role of ER-phagy in cardiomyocytes and its molecular mechanisms remain unsolved. Hypothesis: Considering that various cardiac loads cause ER stress which contributes to the development of heart failure, we hypothesized that ER-phagy would be a compensatory system for protecting cardiomyocytes against ER stress. Methods and Results: To evaluate ER-phagy in cardiomyocytes, we generated lentivirus (LV) and cardiac-specific transgenic mice (Tg-mice) harboring ss-RFP-GFP-KDEL sequence, an ER-phagy reporter possessing an N-terminal ER signal sequence followed by tandem fluorescence sequences and ER retention signal. Fluorescent microscopic analyses and immunoblotting demonstrated that amino acid deprivation of LV-ss-RFP-GFP-KDEL-tranduced H9c2 (tfH9c2) cells markedly elevated the amount of RFP fragments, suggesting that ER-phagy is increased in tfH9c2 cells. 48 hours of food starvation markedly induced ER-phagy in Tg-mice hearts, as well. Treatment with Doxorubicin (Dox), a cardiotoxic compound inducing ER stress, activated ER-phagy in tfH9c2 cells as evidenced by the increase in RFP fragments detected by immunoblotting (Control vs. Dox: 1.0±0.2a.u. vs. 31.6±6.3a.u.; p&lt;0.05). Consistently, treatment with Dox (20 mg/kg) significantly induced ER-phagy in myocardium of Tg-mice compared with those of saline-treated ones (Saline vs. Dox: 1.0±0.05a.u. vs. 2.5±0.2a.u.; p&lt;0.05). qRT-PCR analyses revealed that treatment with Dox enhanced the expression of CCPG1, an ER-phagy receptor, in tfH9c2 cells (Control vs. Dox: 1.0±0.05a.u. vs. 2.1±0.2a.u.; p&lt;0.05). Furthermore, LV-CCPG1 transduction-mediated silencing CCPG1 of tfH9c2 cells resulted in the reduction of ER-phagy activity, accumulation of pro-apoptotic proteins including cleaved caspase 3 and deterioration of cell survival (Cell viability: Control vs. Knockdown: 79.0±3.3% vs. 62.4±2.7%; p&lt;0.05) in response to Dox treatment. Conclusions: These results suggest that ER-phagy plays a protective role in cardiomyocytes against Dox toxicity, possibly through CCPG1-mediated signaling.
Abstract 11863: History of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation is Associated With Earlier Recurrence After Initial Cardioversion Compared to New-Onset Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Christine Rutlen, Cassie Mullen, Francis Phan, Merritt Raitt, KHIDIR DALOUK, Ignatius Zarraga, Karen MacMurdy, PETER JESSEL
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: Recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after direct current cardioversion (DCCV) for persistent AF is common. A preceding history of paroxysmal AF before persistent AF may predispose to recurrence of AF after DCCV. However, whether the absence of paroxysmal AF before new-onset persistent AF (primary persistent AF) affects the recurrence of AF is currently poorly defined. Hypothesis: Patients with persistent AF and a preceding history of paroxysmal AF will have a higher rate of recurrence after DCCV compared to patients with primary persistent AF. Methods: Prospective clinical database at a Veterans Hospital was used to compare recurrence rates of AF after initial DCCV in patients with primary persistent AF to patients with a history of prior paroxysmal AF. Results: Among 484 patients who underwent initial cardioversion for persistent AF, 21% had a history of paroxysmal AF (n = 101). 80% of patients with a history of paroxysmal AF had a recurrence within one year, compared to 58% of patients with a history of primary persistent AF (p=0.0001). Those with a history of paroxysmal AF had a smaller left atrium, 4.47 cm, compared to those with primary persistent AF, 4.64 cm (p=0.04) and were more likely to be taking anti-arrhythmic drugs (AAD) at the time of DCCV (p=0.00002). Although those with prior paroxysmal AF were more likely to have a history of CKD (p=0.03), OSA (p=0.0004), and CVA (p=0.001), the presence of these respective comorbidities did not affect recurrence rates (p=0.3055, 0.8253, 0.1689). Conclusions: Patients with prior paroxysmal AF were more likely to have a recurrence of AF after DCCV compared to patients without a history of primary persistent AF, despite smaller left atriums and higher rates of AAD use. Although those with prior paroxysmal AF had higher prevalence of CKD, OSA, and CVA, the presence of these comorbidities was not predictive of recurrence.
Abstract 13462: Assessment of the Physiological and Pathological Structural Differences Along the Aorta in a Rat Model of Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Omar Z Ameer, Ibrahim M Salman
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: Vascular geometry may vary along the aortic length in normal and chronic disease conditions such as metabolic syndrome. Aim: This study investigated regional structural changes in the aorta in a rodent model of metabolic syndrome, the high-fat diet streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (HFD-D). Methods: Four-week-old male Wistar albino rats received a control diet (CD) or high fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks. On week 6, 40 mg/kg streptozotocin and its buffer were injected intraperitoneally into the HFD and CD groups, respectively. Glucose and insulin tolerance tests (GTT and ITT) and tail-cuff systolic blood pressure (SBP) were measured. At the end of the study, rats were euthanized, and the thoracic and abdominal aortic segments collected for histomorphometric analysis of aortic media thickness, medial cross-sectional area (CSA), elastic lamellae number, interlamellar spacing, collagen density and lipid deposit density. Results: HFD-D rats showed elevated GTT, ITT and SBP. Abdominal aortic segments of both CD and HFD-D rats showed smaller media thickness and CSA, lower elastin lamellae number and higher collagen density compared with the thoracic segments, suggestive of physiological rather than pathological structural differences in both groups. Elastin interlamellar spacing and lipid plaque deposits were higher in the abdominal aorta of the HFD-D relative to controls, indicating that early vascular pathological changes favor the abdominal aorta in HFD-D rats. Conclusions: In this disease model of metabolic syndrome, vascular structural changes are differentially expressed along the aorta, with pathological features limited to the abdominal rather than the thoracic aorta. These structural abnormalities may underlie the elevated blood pressure seen in this model and potential progression to hypertensive cardiovascular disease.
Abstract P382: Canola and High-Oleic Acid Canola Oils Improve Lipid/Lipoprotein Parameters Compared to an Oil Blend Characteristic of a Western Dietary Pattern in Individuals at Risk for Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial
Authors: Kate J Bowen, Penny M Kris-Etherton, Sheila G West, Jennifer A Fleming, Philip W Connelly, Benoît Lamarche, Patrick Couture, David J Jenkins, Carla Taylor, Peter Zahradka, Shatha S Hammad, Jyoti Sihag, Xiang Chen, Valérie Guay, Julie Maltais-Giguère, Danielle Perera, Angela Wilson, Sandra Castillo, Peter J Jones
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Identifying dietary interventions for cardiometabolic disease prevention in individuals with metabolic syndrome is relevant to a significant portion of the population. Numerous studies have investigated the effects of canola oil on cardiovascular disease risk; however, no studies have compared canola oil diets to a control diet with a fatty acid composition characteristic of Western intakes in individuals with metabolic syndrome risk factors. The objectives of this study were to evaluate effects of canola oil, high-oleic acid canola oil (HOCO), and a control oil (blend of butter, safflower, coconut, and flaxseed oils formulated to represent a Western diet fatty acid profile) on lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins. Hypothesis: We tested the hypothesis that the two canola oil diets would elicit beneficial effects on the total lipid/lipoprotein profile compared to the Western (control oil) diet. Methods: In a multi-center, double blind, randomized, three-period crossover, controlled feeding clinical trial, 119 individuals with an increased waist circumference plus at least one additional metabolic syndrome risk factor consumed prepared isocaloric, weight maintenance diets containing canola oil [17.5% E from monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), 9.2% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), 6.6% saturated fatty acids (SFA)], HOCO (19.1% E from MUFA, 7.0% PUFA, 6.4% SFA), or control oil (11% E from MUFA, 10% PUFA, 12% SFA) for six-weeks each separated by 4-12 week washouts. The differences at the end of 42 days of feeding were tested. Results: The canola oil and HOCO resulted in lower endpoint total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), the TC: high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio, apolipoprotein (apo) B, the apoB: apoA1 ratio, and non-HDL-C compared to control oil ( P &lt;0.0001 for treatment effect), with no differences between HOCO and canola oil for these parameters. Endpoint apoA1 did not significantly differ between the two canola oils and control, but was higher after the HOCO compared to canola oil (1.46 ± 0.02 g/L vs. 1.43 ± 0.02 g/L, P = 0.0462). There were no differences among the three diets in endpoint triglycerides or HDL-C. Conclusions: Incorporating canola or high-oleic acid canola oils into the diet improves blood lipids and lipoproteins compared to a contemporary Western diet in individuals with at least two criteria for metabolic syndrome.
Covid-19: Antibody boost after third dose varies greatly by vaccine, study finds
Authors: Elisabeth Mahase
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Covid-19: Antibody boost after third dose varies greatly by vaccine, study finds Elisabeth MahaseSix different covid-19 vaccines are safe and effective to use as booster doses in people who previously received the Oxford AstraZeneca or Pfizer BioNTech vaccines, but the antibody boost they provide varies substantially, a study has found. 1 The Cov-Boost trial looked at the safety, immune response, and side effects of seven vaccines when used as a third vaccine dose, often referred to as a booster dose-AstraZeneca, Curevac, Johnson & Johnson (Janssen), Moderna, Novavax, Pfizer, and Valneva, while a meningococcal conjugate vaccine was used as a control.The trial involved 2878 healthy participants over 30 years old who were split across 13 experimental and control arms-seven vaccines plus three at half dose and three control arms.
血管新生におけるセロトニンの役割:糖尿病マウスにおける内皮5-HT1B/Akt/eNOS経路を介するサルポグレラートによる血管新生の誘導
Authors: Iwabayashi Masaaki, Taniyama Yoshiaki, Sanada Fumihiro, Azuma Junya, Iekushi Kazuma, Kusunoki Hiroshi, Amarnath Chatterjee, Okayama Keita, Rakugi Hiromi, Morishita Ryuichi
Journal: Circulation (2012)
Abstract 12250: Trends in Retractions of Peer Reviewed Literature: Comparison Between Cardiology and Other Medical Specialties
Authors: Raoul R Wadhwa, Chandruganesh Rasendran, Zoran B Popovic, Steven E Nissen, Milind Y Desai
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: Peer-reviewed manuscript retractions are increasingly being recognized, wasting valuable scientific resources and magnifying false conclusions. The temporal trend and downstream impact of retracted cardiology articles on research and knowledge dissemination remain largely unexplored. We sought to compare retraction trends between cardiology and clinical medicine overall. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of retracted publications using the Retraction Watch database. Articles were selected based on manual classification. The Welch two-sample t-test and Mann-Kendall trend test were used for statistical inference. Results: Out of 22,740 articles, 6,594 (29%) and 445 (2%) were related to medicine overall and cardiology, respectively. The ratio of retractions to published articles has increased over recent years for medicine overall and cardiology (Figure upper panel, p &lt; 0.01 for trends). Relative to 1990 levels, retractions in medicine have increased at over double the rate in comparison to cardiology (p &lt; 0.01 for rate difference). There has been a downward trend in the time between publication and retraction for articles in cardiology and medicine (Figure lower panel, p &lt; 0.01 for trends). There was no significant difference in time to retraction between the two fields. Conclusions: We report a sharp increase in the retracted articles in the medical literature over time. Although retractions in cardiology are increasing, they are doing so at a slower rate than other specialties. Sharing research guidelines from cardiology to other medical specialties could improve their retraction statistics, thus decreasing patient harm and waste of valuable scientific resources. Retractions are being identified earlier, potentially due to improved policing of the published literature. However, more stringent quality checks should occur during the peer review processes to prevent eventually retracted articles from being published.
Abstract 15587: Tea Domain Family Member 1 (TEAD1): Novel Role in Regulating Cardiac Oxidative Stress Response
Authors: Rajaganapathi Jagannathan, Ruya Liu, Jeongkyung Lee, Evan R DeVallance, Ping Yang, Feng Li, Vinny Negi, Patrick J Pagano, Vijay K Yechoor, Moulik Mousumi
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: We previously demonstrated that TEAD1, the transcriptional effector of the Hippo pathway, plays a critical non-redundant role in adult cardiomyocyte (CM) homeostasis and its loss-of-f...
Abstract 9962: Associations of Prepregnancy Cardiovascular Health and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes with Incident Coronary Artery Calcium During Midlife: A Mediation Analysis in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study
Authors: Natalie A Cameron, Lucia C Petito, Laura A Colangelo, Erica P Gunderson, Janet Catov, Jamal S Rana, James G Terry, Don Lloyd-jones, Norrina Allen, Sadiya Khan
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: Adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) are emerging as critical risk markers for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Risk of APOs are higher among women with worse prepregnancy cardiovascular health (CVH), but it remains unclear if APOs mediate the relationship between prepregnancy CVH and incident coronary artery calcium (CAC). Methods: We included individuals in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study with at least one singleton birth prior to 2001 and data on prepregnancy CVH (1985-1996) and CAC (2000-2011). Data on APOs were self-reported at each visit (gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, preterm birth and small for gestational age). We quantified prepregnancy CVH by summing across the American Heart Association’s Life’s Simple 7 (score 0-14). We used Cox proportional hazards models to obtain hazard ratios (HRs) for a one-point higher (better) prepregnancy CVH score for incident CAC (CAC &gt; 0) adjusted for age, self-reported race, education (years) and parity. We used causal mediation analyses to estimate the proportion of the association between prepregnancy CVH and incident CAC mediated through any APO and each APO subtype. Results: Of the 906 included participants, 46.1% were Black, mean age ± SD was 28.1 ± 4.5 years at baseline and 43.0 ± 4.8 years at follow-up. Among individuals with low (0-7), intermediate (8-11) and high (12-14) prepregnancy CVH, APOs developed in 41.8%, 29.5% and 19.5% respectively, and CAC developed in 38.8%, 14.8% and 11.6% of women, respectively. Adjusted HR (95% CI) for one-point higher (better) prepregnancy CVH on incident CAC was 0.79 (0.72, 0.87). APOs did not significantly mediate the relationship between prepregnancy CVH and CAC ( TABLE ). Conclusions: Higher or more favorable prepregnancy CVH is associated with lower risk of subclinical CVD in midlife, regardless of APO status, and highlights the importance optimizing CVH early in the life course prior to pregnancy.
Abstract 14008: Three Dimensional Surface Strain Computation From Three Dimensional Echocardiographic Images of the Right Ventricle in Idiopathic Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Priyamvada Kundu, Pei-ni Jone, Kendall S Hunter
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: Right Ventricular (RV) dysfunction is the primary aspect of acute right ventricular failure, commonly realized in pulmonary arterial hypertensive (PAH) patients. As a standard clinical assessment for PAH, echocardiographic strain provides a mechanical measure of ventricular deformation during RV contraction. Current strain computation via 2D echo is limited in that imaging and strain are confined to a 2D plane, and thus the technique is unable to fully visualize the asymmetrical deformation of the RV. We believe 3D surface (3DS) strain, obtained from 3D echo (3DE) will overcome this limitation and more thoroughly evaluate myocardial mechanics. In this initial work, we hypothesize that end-systolic 3DS longitudinal and shear freewall strain group means computed from 3DE-cardiac data of the RV will differ between healthy and PAH patient groups. Methods: 3DS strain (longitudinal, circumferential, shear; principal strains, principal angle, and max shear) was computed on the RV freewall at end-systole with finite element analysis post-processing techniques from RV surface meshes obtained from 3DE from 10 normal children and 43 children with idiopathic PAH. Results: 3DS longitudinal and circumferential strain group means were significantly different (p&lt;0.0001, p=0.0002, respectively), and the 3DS shear strain mean difference approached significance (p=0.0532). Further, the 3DS max and min principal strain group means were also different (p=0.0001, p&lt;0.001, respectively), as were the max shear strain group means (p=0.0275), while the group mean difference of the principal strain angle approached significance (p=0.1055). Conclusions: These results suggest that 3DS strain is a promising approach to strain computation with potential to yield more mechanical knowledge of different segments of RV dysfunction. Future work should be directed in the evaluation of focused regional strain specific towards RV dysfunction and evaluate for prognosis.
Abstract 9895: Acupuncture Shows Early Efficacy for Pain Reduction in Stable Angina
Authors: Holli A Devon, GLORIEUSE UWIZEYE, Joan Briller, Adhir R Shroff, Judith M Schlaeger
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: Despite a notable 32.7% decline in mortality from ischemic heart disease since 1999, the prevalence of stable angina has not decreased. Up to 30% of patients have suboptimal pain relief even though they receive guideline-directed care. The aims of this pilot study were to evaluate preliminary efficacy of a standardized 12-point acupuncture prescription for reduction of pain, and improved functional status and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for individuals with stable angina. Hypothesis: Acupuncture therapy would result in a reduction in pain and associated symptoms in individuals with stable angina. Methods: We conducted a randomized attention-controlled trial. Participants were enrolled from a predominantly urban minority community. Eligibility criteria included a diagnosis of stable angina for ≥1 month and experiencing symptoms at least once per week. Patients received either the standardized acupuncture protocol, twice a week for 5 weeks, or viewed videos unrelated to pain or heart disease. Outcome variables were measured with the McGill Pain Questionnaire Average Pain Intensity and pain now (at each visit) scales, and the Seattle Angina Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and multivariable analyses of variance tests were performed. Results: The sample (n=24) had a mean age 59 + 12 years, was predominantly female (63%), and minority (8% White, 46% Black, 38% Hispanic, and 8% other). At study completion, primary outcomes of average pain intensity, worst pain in the last 24 hours, and pain now, were significantly lower in the acupuncture group. There was a significant improvement in functional status, symptoms, and HRQoL for the acupuncture group (Table) . Conclusions: A standardized acupuncture protocol shows promise as a complementary therapy for symptom control for individuals with stable angina who are receiving care in a cardiology clinic which serves urban minorities.