tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The association between antimicrobial resistance and HIV infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ioana D. Olaru, Evelina Tacconelli, Shunmay Yeung, Rashida A. Ferrand, Richard A. Stabler, Heidi Hopkins, Alexander M. Aiken, Katharina Kranzer
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2021)

People living with HIV (PLWH) are at increased risk of infections with resistant organisms due to more frequent healthcare utilization. Our objective was to investigate the association between HIV and antimicrobial resistance (AMR).We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, LILACS and African Journals Online. Studies were eligible if they reported on AMR for colonization or infection with bacterial pathogens (excluding mycobacteria and bacteria causing sexually transmitted infections) and were stratified by HIV status, species and antimicrobials tested. Pooled odds ratios were used to evaluate the association between HIV and resistance.In total, 92 studies published between 1995 and 2020 were identified. The studies included the following organisms: Staphylococcusaureus (n = 47), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 28), Escherichia coli (n = 6) and other Gram-negative bacteria. PLWH had a 2.12 (95%CI 1.36-3.30) higher odds for colonization and 1.90 (95%CI 1.45-2.48) higher odds for infection with methicillin-resistant S. aureus, a 2.28 (95%CI 1.75-2.97) higher odds of infection with S. pneumoniae with decreased penicillin susceptibility, and a 1.59 (95%CI 0.83-3.05) higher odds of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins in E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.This review shows an increased risk of AMR in PLWH across a range of bacterial pathogens and multiple drug classes. The lack of laboratory capacity for identifying AMR, and limited access to alternative treatment options in countries with the highest burden of HIV, highlight the need for more research on AMR in PLWH. Overall, the quality of studies was moderate or low, which may impact the findings of this review.
Angiographic findings 1 month after myocardial infarction: a prospective study of 259 survivors.
Authors: ABetriu, ACastañer, G ASanz, J CPare, ERoig, SColl, JMagriña, FNavarro-Lopez
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Coronary anatomy as it relates to left ventricular function was assessed prospectively in patients who survived acute myocardial infarction. The study population included 259 consecutive male patients age 60 years or younger who underwent catheterization 30 days after the acute event. Coronary artery obstructive lesions (greater than 50% reduction in luminal diameter) were found in 241 patients (93%), 118 (45%) of whom had total and 76 (29%) subtotal (greater than 90%) stenosis) occlusion of at least one coronary artery. Normal coronary vessels were seen in eight patients (3%) and nonobstructive lesions in 10 (4%). One-, two- and three-vessel disease were present in 89, 86 and 66 patients, respectively. Patients with normal coronary arteries or nonobstructive lesions had higher ejection fractions than those with obstructive lesions in one, two or three vessels (p less than 0.05). Ejection fraction was lower (p less than .001) and the percentage of akinetic segments higher (p less than 0.001) in patients w...
Epicardial mapping of the onset of ventricular tachycardia initiated by programmed stimulation in the canine heart with chronic infarction.
Authors: G JKlein, R EIdeker, W MSmith, L AHarrison, JKasell, A GWallace, J JGallagher
Journal: Circulation (1979)

The initial beats of ventricular tachycardia (VT) induced by programmed stimulation (PS) of the heart have frequently been observed to differ in QRS configuration from the subsequent uniform QRS complexes of tachycardia. The transient nature of these initial beats has made their study difficult during epicardial mapping with conventional, hand-held recording electrodes. Twenty-four dogs were studied with PS 1-10 months after coronary ligation. Twenty-six epicardial electrograms were recorded simultaneously during PS. The data were digitized for computer generation of isochronic maps for any desired beat. Three patterns of initiation were observed in episodes of tachycardia in which the initial beats differed from the subsequent beats of VT (11 of 18 runs of VT). Most frequently, the initial beats of VT originated near the pacing electrode before moving to a stable infarction zone location. Less frequently, the initial beats were due to transient reentry in the bundle branches or a transient shifting of ea...
Bone Lead Levels and Delinquent Behavior
Authors: Jane A. Hoppin
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We applaud Dr Needleman and colleagues<sup>1</sup>in their effort to expand the use of bone lead measurement to younger, non—occupationally exposed subjects and to study delinquent behavior as a new aspect of lead exposure's potentially far-reaching consequences. However, we feel that there are aspects of this work that require more discussion. As pointed out in their article, the individual K x-ray fluorescence (KXRF) measurements have large uncertainties. Owing to these uncertainties, the authors elected to present their data only in categorical form. Descriptive statistics, including the mean, and population variance would allow comparisons with other XRF studies of children and young adults. The description of the KXRF technique itself raises some questions. No mention was made that calibration standards below 10 μg of lead per gram of bone mineral (expressed as μg/g) were used. In our experience, a standard of 5 μg/g is important since this
From the authors
Authors: M. Toshner, J. Suntharalingam, J. Pepke-Zaba, D. Jenkins
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2009)

increase in referral rate to the SPVU of all forms of pulmonary hypertension, which doubled between 2003 and 2007.We do not know if the data for the English units show a similar activity trend.For the period 2004-2008, the annual Scottish PEA rate was 1.0 case?million -1 ?yr -1 .This is much closer to the average East of England rate for 2000-2006 (1.27 cases?million -1 ?yr -1 ) than the figure calculated by TOSHNER et al. [1] for Scotland for 2000-2006 (0.57 cases?million -1 ?yr -1 ).
Glycolytic activity and enhancement of serotonin uptake by endothelial cells exposed to hypoxia/anoxia.
Authors: S LLee, B LFanburg
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

Serotonin (5-HT) uptake by bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells in culture was stimulated several fold by exposure of cells for 24 hours to 0-3% O2. The cells appeared normal morphologically, excluded trypan blue dye, showed normal levels of release of lactate dehydrogenase, and contained normal amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Incubation of cells with iodoacetate (3-5 microM), an inhibitor of glycolytic metabolism, prevented the stimulation of 5-HT uptake but did not impair cellular proliferation. A similar, but less pronounced, effect was produced by 1 mM deoxyglucose. On the other hand, the mitochondrial inhibitors antimycin A, sodium azide, potassium cyanide, and 2,4-dinitrophenol inhibited cellular replication similar to the effect of anoxia but did not alter the stimulation of 5-HT uptake. 5-HT uptake correlated strongly with lactate production by the cells exposed to anoxia (r = 0.98). We conclude that stimulation of 5-HT uptake by prolonged exposure of the endothelial cell to hypoxia/...
Abstract 14637: Demographic Characteristics of Medicare Beneficiaries With Diagnosis of Wild-Type Amyloidosis Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Jose Nativi-Nicolau, Maria Cecilia Vieira, Marianna Bruno, Yong Chen, Rebecca Levin, Jose Alvir, Daniel P Judge
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) is caused by the deposition of amyloid fibrils in the myocardium. ATTRCM can develop by the deposition of wild type transthyretin protein ...
Voxelotor in adolescents and adults with sickle cell disease (HOPE): long-term follow-up results of an international, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial
Authors: Jo Howard, Kenneth I Ataga, Robert C Brown, Maureen Achebe, Videlis Nduba, Amal El-Beshlawy, Hoda Hassab, Irene Agodoa, Margaret Tonda, Sarah Gray, Joshua Lehrer-Graiwer, Elliott Vichinsky
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2021)
Influence of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators on the long-term prognosis of survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Authors: A CPowell, TFuchs, D MFinkelstein, HGaran, D SCannom, B AMcGovern, EKelly, G JVlahakes, D FTorchiana, J NRuskin
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDSurvivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest not associated with acute myocardial infarction are at high risk for recurrent cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death. The impact of the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator on long-term prognosis in these patients is uncertain.METHODS AND RESULTSThree hundred thirty-one survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (age, 56 +/- 13.7 years) underwent electrophysiologically guided therapy. Implantable defibrillators were placed in 150 patients (45.3%), and 181 patients (54.7%) received pharmacological and/or surgical therapy alone. Left ventricular ejection fraction was 35.2 +/- 16.6% in defibrillator recipients and 45.3 +/- 18.2% in nondefibrillator patients. Median patient follow-up was 24 months in the defibrillator group and 46 months in the nondefibrillator group. In a proportional hazards model, the independent predictors of total cardiac mortality were left ventricular ejection fraction of less than 0.40 (relative risk, 4.55; 95% confidence inte...
Late mortality after vagotomy and drainage for duodenal ulcer.
Authors: N J Bundred, G C Davies, R J Prescott, A N Kingsnorth
Journal: BMJ (1984)

The prognosis of the disease appears to be more accurately indicated by the intensity with which Helix pomatia lectin binds to primary breast cancer cells than by lymph node involvement.This binding reflects expression of N-acetyl-galactosaminyl glyco- conjugates in the cancer cells.There may be many different glycoconjugates but it would be interesting to know whether CA 50 contains N-acetyl-galactosamine.Professor Holmgren's group suggests that formation of new abnormal carbohydrate structures may be caused by activation of normally unexpressed glycosyltransferases.The observed changes, however, could be due to increased levels of normal glycosyltransferases.We raised an antibody to sialytransferase isolated from human milk, and found a tendency for primary breast cancer with a poor prognosis to show greater binding of this antibody than cancer with a good prognosis.This finding is also of interest because increased sialic acid concentrations have been implicated in increased metastatic potential.
Antibiotic prophylaxis of subacute bacterial endocarditis for adult patients by dentists in Dade County, Florida.
Authors: THashway, L JStone
Journal: Circulation (1982)

To determine compliance with 1977 American Heart Association (AHA) recommendations for antibiotic prophylaxis (AbP) of subacute bacterial endocarditis (SBE), we mailed a questionnaire to 1019 licensed dentists from Dade County, Florida. Of the 614 practicing dentists who responded, 97.7% believe that AbP prevents SBE and 94.2% always obtain a cardiac history from new patients. AbP is given to patients with known rheumatic or other valvular heart disease by 98.9% of responders and to patients with known prosthetic heart valves by 81.5%. The majority of dentists prescribe the antibiotics recommended by the AHA, but the dosage, route, frequency and duration of therapy are usually not according to AHA guidelines. AbP completely consistent with these guidelines is prescribed by 15.4% of dentists for patients with heart disease and by only 6.7% of dentists for patients with prosthetic heart valves. The AHA recommends parenteral AbP for most patients with prosthetic heart valves, but approximately 80% of dentist...
Self-Expandable Metallic Stent in Malignant Gastroduodenal Outlet Obstruction: A Viable Alternative?
Authors: F Pereira Correia, G Alexandrino, JC Branco, AM Oliveira, L Carvalho Lourenço, A Martins
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Malignant gastroduodenal outlet obstruction (GOO) is commonly seen with distal gastric cancer and pancreatic adenocarcinoma with extension to the duodenum or stomach (1). Gastroenterostomy has been the mainly treatment strategy for this condition, however, is associated with high mortality and many patients are excluded from surgery because of poor medical condition (2). Self-expanding metallic stents (SEMS) are an increasingly used alternative. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of this technique in palliation of malignant GOO.
The effect of "ischemic" blood on transmembrane potentials of normal porcine ventricular myocardium.
Authors: EDownar, M JJanse, DDurrer
Journal: Circulation (1977)

blood was obtained in pigs from a local coronary vein on release of coronary artery occlusion. The effects of this blood on transmembrane potentials of muscle strips taken from the same heart were compared with control blood. Whereas action potentials remained stable in control blood, ischemic blood collected after more than 15 minutes of coronary occlusion produced shortening of action potential duration, reduction of resting potential, upstroke velocity and amplitude, then postrepolarization refractoriness and finally unresponsiveness. Ischemic blood collected after shorter periods of coronary occlusion produced only mild effects (shortening of action potential and postrepolarization refractoriness). These effects of ischemic blood could not be attributed to increased potassium concentration even in combination with acidosis, hypoxia and hypoglycemia. It appears that during ischemia unidentified factors are released which have potent depressant effects on the excitability of even normal myoca...
Cilazapril and early atherosclerotic changes after balloon injury of porcine carotid arteries.
Authors: J YLam, LLacoste, M GBourassa
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDCilazapril, a converting enzyme inhibitor, has been shown to significantly decrease the extent of intimal smooth muscle cell proliferation after arterial injury in a normotensive rat model.METHODS AND RESULTSTo assess the influence of cilazapril on myofibrotic changes after balloon injury, control (n = 7) or cilazapril-treated (n = 9) (20 mg/kg b.i.d.) normal 3-month-old pigs underwent dilatation angioplasty of the right, and deendothelialization of the left common carotid artery. Carotid arteries isolated at 4 weeks were examined morphometrically with a computerized digitizer after in situ glutaraldehyde fixation. Both in the deendothelialized and dilated arteries, the surface area in square millimeters of the neointima and media were similar in the treated and control animals; therefore, the ratio of neointima to media was again not different. The neointimal changes included a combination of proliferative changes as well as organization of mural thrombus and were equally well distributed in th...
Genomics and Cancer Disparities: The Justice and Power of Inclusion
Authors: Melissa B. Davis
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2021)

Abstract Summary: Advances in genomic science have transformed our ability to interrogate cancer, revealing biases that drive disparities in minority populations. Cancer disparities research engages diverse ethnic group inclusion as a matter of rigor, to address underrepresentation in genomic data sources, and has led to groundbreaking work, enhancing our understanding of tumor biology.
Rest and exercise hemodynamic effects of oral hydralazine in patients with coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction.
Authors: M CHindman, D ASlosky, R HPeter, G ENewman, R HJones, A GWallace
Journal: Circulation (1980)

To determine the hemodynamic effects of afterload reduction at rest and during upright exercise in patients with coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction, 12 patients were studied before and after taking 50-75 mg of oral hydralazine every 6 hours for 48 hours. Oxygen consumption and heart rate were unchanged from control both at rest and during two work loads on a bicycle ergometer. Cardiac output was significantly increased at rest and during both workloads. The arteriovenous oxygen difference was significantly reduced at rest and during exercise. Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure was also significantly lower at rest and during exercise. Systemic vascular resistance was reduced at rest, and exercise-induced vasodilation was augmented by the administration of hydralazine. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume and ejection fraction assessed by radionuclide angiocardiography were not significantly changed at rest or during exercise after hydralazine. Seven of the 12 patients have maintained...
Prediction of the physiologic significance of coronary arterial lesions by quantitative lesion geometry in patients with limited coronary artery disease.
Authors: R FWilson, M LMarcus, C WWhite
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Studies in animals with normal coronary arteries have shown that coronary flow reserve can be predicted by angiographic measurements of arterial stenosis. Studies in man, however, suggest that even quantitative analysis of coronary angiograms cannot predict the physiologic significance of individual coronary lesions. These studies, however, were carried out in patients with either widespread, diffuse coronary artery disease or by measurement techniques that tend to underestimate maximal coronary flow reserve. To determine the relationship between coronary arterial stenosis and coronary flow reserve (CFR) in patients with discrete limited coronary atherosclerosis, we studied 50 patients with a single discrete coronary stenosis in only one or two vessels. The minimum coronary arterial cross-sectional area (mCSA), percent area stenosis (%AS), and percent diameter stenosis in the left and right anterior oblique projections were determined by the Brown/Dodge method of quantitative coronary angiography. A No. 3...
Disparate effects of colchicine on thyroxine-induced cardiac hypertrophy and adrenoceptor changes.
Authors: CLimas, C JLimas
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Short-term (5 days) administration of L-thyroxine (0.1 mg/kg i.p. daily) to adult Sprague-Dawley rats induces a modest degree of cardiac hypertrophy (22% increase in heart weight/body weight ratios) and directionally opposite changes in cardiac adrenoceptors (24% increase in beta-adrenoceptors and 20% decline in alpha 1-adrenoceptors). Pretreatment with colchicine did not affect the ability of L-thyroxine to induce cardiac hypertrophy but prevented its effects on both beta- and alpha 1-adrenoceptors. These results suggest a selective involvement of microtubules in the action of thyroid hormones on the expression of cardiac adrenoceptor genes.
Effects of inhibition of fatty acid oxidation on myocardial kinetics of 11C-labeled palmitate.
Authors: WWyns, MSchwaiger, S CHuang, D BBuxton, HHansen, CSelin, RKeen, M EPhelps, H RSchelbert
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

The effects of glucose and lactate infusion on palmitate oxidation were compared with the effect of 2-tetradecylglycidic acid (TDGA), an irreversible inhibitor of the carnitine acyltransferase I, in normoxic canine myocardium. The initial capillary transit retention fraction of [1-11C]palmitate and its fractional distribution between oxidation and esterification in myocardium were measured by the residue detection method after intracoronary tracer injection, as well as by effluent measurements of 11CO2, the end product of palmitate oxidation. TDGA reduced the initial capillary transit retention fraction (from 56 +/- 13% to 37 +/- 6%; p less than 0.001) and oxidation of palmitate (n = 19), as also evidenced by the decrease in the fraction of tracer released as 11CO2 from 28 +/- 5% to 6 +/- 3% (p less than 0.001). Infusion of carbohydrate (glucose or lactate; n = 6) reduced 11CO2 production from 30 +/- 7% to 7 +/- 4% (p less than 0.05) but did not alter the initial capillary transit retention fraction of tr...
断片化QRSは器質的心疾患および誘発性心室性頻脈性不整脈の患者の心血管死を予測する | 文献情報 | J-GLOBAL 科学技術総合リンクセンター
Authors: Hayashi Takekuni, Fukamizu Seiji, Hojo Rintaro, Komiyama Kota, Tanabe Yasuhiro, Tejima Tamotsu, Nishizaki Mitsuhiro, Hiraoka Masayasu, Ako Junya, Momomura Shin-ichi, Sakurada Harumizu
Journal: Circulation (2013)
C-Poem in Achalasia of The Cricopharynx: To Do Or Not To Do
Authors: E Albeniz, F Estremera, L Zabalza, PJ Rosón, F Férnandez, M Gómez, ML Heredia, JJ Vila
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

1st-case: 40y woman with chronic cervical dysphagia: gastroscopy, barium transit(BT), high-resolution manometry(HRM), ultrasound, CT compatible with CA. During gastroscopy for CA myotomy(C-POEM), an upper pulsating compression was observed. Angio-CT diagnosed lusoria dysphagia.
Imaging the inflammatory response to acute myocardial infarction in man using indium-111-labeled autologous platelets.
Authors: R ADavies, M LThakur, H JBerger, F JWackers, AGottschalk, B LZaret
Journal: Circulation (1981)

The feasibility of imaging the inflammatory response to acute transmural myocardial infarction in man using biologically active indium-111 (111In)-labeled autologous leukocytes was assessed in 36 patients. Indium-111 leukocytes (approximately 500 microCi) were injected i.v. 18-112 hours after the onset of chest pain. Cardiac imaging was performed 24 hours later with a mobile gamma camera. Twenty-one patients had positive images and 15 had negative images. The percent of positive images increased as the interval between infarction and 111In-leukocyte injection shortened; all patients injected within 24 hours of infarction had positive images. Patients with positive images were injected with 111In leukocytes earlier after infarction (mean +/- SEM, 43 +/- 4 vs 63 +/- 7 hours; p less than 0.05) and were younger (53 +/- 2 vs 65 +/- 3 years; p less than 0.05) than those with negative images. Several other parameters that could possibly have affected the imaging results were examined and were not significantly d...
Systolic mechanical properties of the left ventricle. Effects of volume and contractile state.
Authors: W CHunter, J SJanicki, K TWeber, ANoordergraaf
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

To characterize the mechanical properties of the contracting left ventricle, we studied the changes in left ventricular systolic pressure following step-like perturbations (+/- 3 ml) in ventricular volume, using an isovolumically beating, isolated canine heart preparation. Three mechanical properties (elasticity, resistance, and a deactivation effect) were identified. The elastic property differs from the traditional parallel and series elastic elements; it is a time-varying elasticity that includes active and passive effects of  changes. Furthermore, it could not be represented by a simple time-varying elasticity, but required a second factor to express the dependence of end-systolic elasticity on the timing of the  step. This effect was represented by a volume influence factor, which may arise from length-dependent activation. The resistive property appeared to be related to force-velocity behavior of the myocardium. Each mechanical property reacted characteristically to steady state chang...