tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The effect of ischemia on thallium-201 clearance from the myocardium.
Authors: HGewirtz, D DO'Keefe, G MPohost, H WStrauss, J BMcIlduff, W MDaggett
Journal: Circulation (1978)

To determine the effect of ischemia on myocardial clearance of thallium-201 (201Tl), we studied 12 dogs with ischemia produced after the injection of Tl. Tl was given I.V. 10 minutes before left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery ligation. 85Sr-microspheres (MS) were administered 5 minutes later, and control biopsies were obtained from the myocardium. The LAD was tied and repeat biopsies obtained from the ischemic zone (IZ) and normal zone (NZ) 15 minures and 2 hours later. 46Sc-MS were given just before the final giopsy. Tl activity in the IZ was not significantly different from that in the NZ either before LAD occlusion or 15 minutes and 2 hours later. Tl clearance at the end of 2 hours was not significantly different (27 +/- 5% vs 28 +/- 5%, IZ vs NZ respectively) between the two zones. The half-time of Tl clearance from both the IZ and NZ was calculated at 4.5 hours (consistent with previously reported normal values). This occurred despite a decrease in regional myocardial blood flow to 24 +/- ...
QT interval prolongation as predictor of sudden death in patients with myocardial infarction.
Authors: P JSchwartz, SWolf
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Fifty-five patients with recent myocardial infarction and 55 healthy controls, matched for age, sex, race, height, weight, education and job, had an electrocardiogram taken every two months for seven years. Twenty-eight patients and one control had a sudden cardiac death. The QTc (mean of all values recorded) was found prolonged in one control (2%), five of 27 surviving patients (18%) and in 16 of 28 patients who had sudden death (57%). The difference between surviving and sudden death patients is significant (P less than 0.01). It is interesting that the only control with a long QT was the one when died suddenly of myocardial infarction. Among patients with previous myocardial infarction a prolonged QTc constitutes a 2.16 times greater risk for sudden death. We conclude that a constant prolongation of QTc in patients with myocardial infarction may help, with other risk factors, in defining a subgroup at higher risk for sudden death.
Power spectrum analysis of heart rate variability to assess the changes in sympathovagal balance during graded orthostatic tilt.
Authors: NMontano, T GRuscone, APorta, FLombardi, MPagani, AMalliani
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDThe powers of the low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) oscillations characterizing heart rate variability (HRV) appear to reflect, in their reciprocal relationship, changes in the state of the sympathovagal balance occurring during numerous physiological and pathophysiological conditions. However, no adequate information is available on the quantitative resolution of this methodology.METHODS AND RESULTSWe studied 22 healthy volunteers (median age, 46.5 years) who were subjected after a rest period to a series of passive head-up tilt steps randomly chosen from the following angles: 15 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees, and 90 degrees. From the continuous ECG, after appropriate analog-to-digital conversion, a personal computer was used to compute, with an autoregressive methodology, time and frequency domain indexes of RR interval variability. Spectral and cross-spectral analysis with the simultaneously recorded respiratory signal excluded its contribution to LF. Age was significan...
Exercise and human collateralization: an angiographic and scintigraphic assessment.
Authors: A JNolewajka, W JKostuk, P ARechnitzer, D ACunningham
Journal: Circulation (1979)

The effect of exercise on the development of intercoronary collaterals and on left ventricular function is controversial. Twenty male patients (mean age 48 years, range 36-54 years) who had suffered an acute myocardial infarction were randomly allocated to an exercise group (10 patients) and a control group (10 patients). Both groups underwent coronary angiography, left ventricular function studies and myocardial perfusion studies with labeled microspheres, before and after the 7-month experimental period. Both groups had similar extent of disease as measured angiographically and both had mild progression of disease. Neither group showed changes in extent of callateralization, myocardial perfusion or left ventricular function. The exercise group had a significant increase in anginal threshold and a significant (p less than 0.01) decrease in heart rate at a given work load. Exercise, therefore, does not appear to affect progression of disease, myocardial perfusion, extent of collateralization, or left vent...
Reversibility of the effects of normothermic global ischemia on the ryanodine-sensitive and ryanodine-insensitive calcium uptake of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Authors: M DDavis, WLebolt, J JFeher
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

The effect of normothermic ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion on the function of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (CSR) was investigated using a modified Langendorff perfusion of isolated rat hearts. The function of the CSR was assessed by the oxalate-supported Ca2+ uptake rate of ventricular homogenates. The contribution of the ryanodine-sensitive portion of the CSR was determined by using 20 microM ruthenium red or 625 microM ryanodine to close the CSR Ca2+ release channel. The Ca2+ uptake rate of the CSR decreased progressively with increasing duration of ischemia, but this depression was much less when uptake was assayed in the presence of ryanodine. The depression in CSR Ca2+ uptake preceded ischemic contracture. Ryanodine and ruthenium red stimulated uptake almost equally in control hearts, but ruthenium red was much less effective than ryanodine after ischemia. This difference could not be overcome by increasing the ruthenium red concentration. These results confirm the suggestion that the Ca2+ releas...
Echoventriculography -- a simultaneous analysis of two-dimensional echocardiography and cineventriculography.
Authors: RErbel, PSchweizer, HLambertz, GHenn, JMeyer, WKrebs, SEffert
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Two-dimensional echocardiography underestimates left ventricular volume compared with cineventriculography. To exclude the influence of difference in heart rate, blood pressure, respiration phases and any effect of the contrast material on left ventricular function, simultaneous studies of two-dimensional echocardiography and cineventriculography-echoventriculography were performed in 46 patients. Apical two-dimensional echocardiograms in the right anterior oblique (RAO) equivalent view were recorded before and during cineventriculography in the 30 degrees RAO projection. End-diastolic and end-systolic volumes (EDV and ESV) were calculated using a disc method with a semiautomatic computer system. The echo transducer position relative to the left ventricular apex and long axis was analyzed. For EDV determined by two-dimensional echocardiography and cineventriculography, the linear regression equation was y = 0.659x + 0.8, SEE = +/- 26.2 ml, r = 0.907. For ESV, the regression equation was y = 0.571x + 17.8,...
Effects of long-term enalapril therapy on cardiopulmonary exercise performance after myocardial infarction.
Authors: KDickstein, SBarvik, TAarsland
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDThe Enalapril Postinfarction Exercise (EPIE) trial was designed to study the effect of enalapril treatment on peak and submaximal cardiopulmonary exercise performance over the course of 1 year in men after myocardial infarction with mild exercise intolerance.METHODS AND RESULTSOne hundred sixty men with a peak VO2 less than 25 ml/kg/min and without effort angina were randomized to receive enalapril 20 mg qd or placebo on a double-blind basis. The mean age was 60.3 +/- 7.6 years. All patients received concurrent beta-blocker therapy for secondary prophylaxis. Treatment began at 21 days (group 1, n = 100) or more than 6 months after infarction (group 2, n = 60). Patients underwent exercise with real-time gas-exchange analysis nine times over the course of 48 weeks. In group 1, improvement in exercise performance occurred during the course of the trial in both groups of patients receiving placebo or enalapril. The mean peak VO2 for the placebo-treated patients in group 1 increased from 18.3 +/- 3.4...
Control of rapid ventricular response by radiofrequency catheter modification of the atrioventricular node in patients with medically refractory atrial fibrillation.
Authors: G KFeld, R PFleck, OFujimura, D LProthro, T DBahnson, MIbarra
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDPharmacological control of rapid ventricular response to atrial fibrillation may be difficult in some patients. Alternative treatments, including curative surgery or atrioventricular (AV) node ablation with pacemaker implantation, have significant potential morbidity. In view of evidence that dual AV nodal physiology may exist in a significant percentage of the population, even in those without AV nodal reentrant tachycardia, we postulated that control of ventricular response might be achieved by radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation in the region of the AV nodal slow pathway with its short refractory period.METHODS AND RESULTSTen patients underwent attempted AV node modification using a 4-mm-tipped electrode catheter positioned in the middle or posterior septum, between the His bundle and coronary sinus ostium on the tricuspid valve annulus. RF energy was applied at 16 to 30 W for up to 60 seconds, until average ventricular response fell below 100 beats per minute. Reduction of maximal ventricu...
Diagnostic implications of spectral and temporal analysis of the entire cardiac cycle in patients with ventricular tachycardia.
Authors: M ECain, H DAmbos, JMarkham, B DLindsay, R MArthur
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDAvailable methods for analysis of signal-averaged electrocardiograms (ECGs) have a low-positive predictive accuracy for identifying patients at risk for ventricular arrhythmias. Identification of the spectral and temporal features in ECGs that distinguish patients prone to ventricular tachycardia (VT) is a prerequisite to implementing refinements in methods that increase the diagnostic power of the signal-averaged ECG.METHODS AND RESULTSFast Fourier transforms and time-domain reconstructions based on inverse fast Fourier transforms were computed over the entire cardiac cycle of signal-averaged ECGs of sinus beats from 40 patients with myocardial infarction and sustained VT, 41 with infarction without VT, and 20 normal controls. Ventricular depolarization and repolarization were analyzed by procedures that obviate limited resolution due to short data segments and window functions. Spectral magnitudes of ECGs from patients in each group were compared, and the phase data were used for time-domain r...
PCIP-seq: simultaneous sequencing of integrated viral genomes and their insertion sites with long reads
Authors: Maria Artesi, Vincent Hahaut, Basiel Cole, Laurens Lambrechts, Fereshteh Ashrafi, Ambroise Marçais, Olivier Hermine, Philip Griebel, Natasa Arsic, Frank van der Meer, Arsène Burny, Dominique Bron, Elettra Bianchi, Philippe Delvenne, Vincent Bours, Carole Charlier, Michel Georges, Linos Vandekerckhove, Anne Van den Broeke, Keith Durkin
Journal: Genome biology (2021)

Abstract The integration of a viral genome into the host genome has a major impact on the trajectory of the infected cell. Integration location and variation within the associated viral genome can influence both clonal expansion and persistence of infected cells. Methods based on short-read sequencing can identify viral insertion sites, but the sequence of the viral genomes within remains unobserved. We develop PCIP-seq, a method that leverages long reads to identify insertion sites and sequence their associated viral genome. We apply the technique to exogenous retroviruses HTLV-1, BLV, and HIV-1, endogenous retroviruses, and human papillomavirus.
Reperfusion injury and its pharmacologic modification.
Authors: L HOpie
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Reperfusion injury includes a spectrum of events, such as reperfusion arrhythmias, vascular damage and no-reflow, and myocardial functional stunning. The concept of reperfusion injury remains controversial with many proposed mechanisms when applied to humans, whereas in animal models, there are two main proposed mechanisms: calcium over-load and formation of oxygen free radicals. To prove that reperfusion injury is specifically caused by reperfusion would require evidence that an intervention given at the time of reperfusion can diminish or abolish the injury as in the case of arrhythmias, which are thought to be mediated by excess recycling of cytosolic calcium with delayed afterdepolarizations and ventricular automaticity. In the case of myocardial stunning, the phenomenon may be mediated, at least in part, by a burst of free radicals formed within the first minute of reperfusion and improved by free radical scavengers given at the time of reperfusion. The alternate hypothesis is that cytosolic calcium ...
Abstract 10763: A Novel Role of Genome-Wide DNA Methylation as a Regulator of Cardiac Gene Expression in End-stage Human Heart Failure
Authors: Mark E Pepin, Chae-Myeong Ha, Stavros Drakos, Martin Tristani-Firouzi, Craig Selzman, James C Fang, Adam R Wende, Omar Wever-Pinzon
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Pioneering studies have uncovered an array of developmental programs in end-stage heart failure (HF), but the central regulatory mechanisms that drive this cardiac transcriptional rep...
Hemodynamically significant primary anomalies of the coronary arteries. Angiographic aspects.
Authors: D CLevin, K EFellows, H LAbrams
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Hemodynamically significant primary anomalies of the coronary arteries are those which alter myocardial perfusion. There are four major types: coronary artery fistulae, origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery, congenital coronary stenosis or atresia, and origin of the left coronary artery from the right sinus of Valsalva, with subsequent passage of the vessel between the aorta and right ventricular infundibulum. The angiographic features of these lesions are discussed.
Plasma Tumor Mutation Burden and Response to Pembrolizumab—Letter
Authors: Zhiqiang Xue, Xueguang Guo, Jiaxin Wen, Wenhan Cai, Xinying Xue, Xiaochen Zhao, Jing Zhao, Yuezong Bai
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

Recent studies reported negative predictors for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including STK11, KEAP1, and PTEN (1–3). Aggarwal and colleagues' study showed that patients with NSCLC with high blood-based tumor mutation burden (bTMB) and absence of STK11/KEAP1/PTEN mutation had prolonged overall survival (OS) treated with ICI (1). Low allele frequency–adjusted bTMB (LAF-bTMB) outperformed bTMB as a predictor in NSCLC treated with ICIs (4). To explore whether STK11/KEAP1/PTEN mutation was prognostic or predictive and whether the combination of STK11/KEAP1/PTEN mutation and LAF-bTMB could optimize therapeutic regimen, we analyzed the clinical and gene mutation data from POPLAR and OAK trial that compared second/third-line atezolizumab with docetaxel in metastatic NSCLC (5). STK11/KEAP1/PTEN mutation was defined as at least one nonsynonymous mutation in STK11, KEAP1, or PTEN with allele frequency exceeding 0.005. The calculation of LAF-bTMB was described previously (4).There were 19.2% (164/853) patients carrying STK11/KEAP1/PTEN mutations. In subgroups with or without STK11/KEAP1/PTEN mutation, patients treated with atezolizumab had prolonged OS than docetaxel and the Pinteraction was not significant [median OS, 7.3 months vs. 6.2 months; HR, 0.66; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.47–0.93; P = 0.02 for mutation subgroup; median OS, 14.5 months vs. 9.6 months; HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.54–0.78; P &lt; 0.001 for wild-type subgroup; Pinteraction = 0.84), which indicated that STK11/KEAP1/PTEN mutation was prognostic but not predictive in NSCLC. In patients without STK11/KEAP1/PTEN mutation, OS in atezolizumab arm was longer than docetaxel arm, regardless of LAF-bTMB level (median OS, 12.6 months vs. 10.5 months; HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.58–0.86; P = 0.0005 for LAF-bTMB &lt; 12; median OS, 20.1 months vs. 7.0 months; HR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.28–0.70; P = 0.0003 for LAF-bTMB ≥ 12; Pinteraction = 0.04). In patients with STK11/KEAP1/PTEN mutation, atezolizumab was associated with prolonged OS only in patients with LAF-bTMB ≥ 12 (median OS, 15.9 months vs. 6.3 months; HR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.20–0.71; P = 0.002) and did not bring OS benefit in patients with LAF-bTMB &lt; 12 (median OS, 5.7 months vs. 5.4 months; HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.58–1.31; P = 0.51; Pinteraction = 0.05).STK11/KEAP1/PTEN mutation was negative prognostic but not predictive biomarker in NSCLC treated with ICI. In patients with STK11/KEAP1/PTEN mutation, ICI could bring survival benefit only in patients with LAF-bTMB ≥ 12. Among patients with LAF-bTMB ≥ 12 in atezolizumab arm, median OS were comparable between patients with and without STK11/KEAP1/PTEN mutation which suggested that LAF-bTMB high might reverse the negative prognostic effect of STK11/KEAP1/PTEN mutation.See the Response, p. 1581No disclosures were reported.
Hypnotizability and dissociation
Authors: F H Frankel
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1990)

The author describes the multidimensionality of hypnosis itself and hence of hypnotizability. He also points to the lack of clarity regarding the concept of dissociation and the extent to which its roots lie in the clinical experience of hypnosis. The concept of dissociation increasingly preempts repression and other defense mechanisms in current nosological thinking. The author cautions against equating hypnotizability scores with dissociative capacity and advocates a clearer elaboration of the concept of dissociation. Meanwhile, restraint in the use of the term "dissociation" is recommended.
Stroke volume calculated from the mitral valve echogram in patients with and without ventricular dyssynergy.
Authors: SRasmussen, B CCorya, HFeigenbaum, M JBlack, D ELovelace, J FPhillips, R JNoble, S BKnoebel
Journal: Circulation (1978)

A formula was derived for calculating mitral valve stroke volume (MVSV) using the rate of mitral valve (MV) opening (DE slope on the MV echogram), the vertical disease between the mitral leaflet echoes early in diastole (EE), the electrocardiographic PR interval and heart rate. The formula was tested prospectively on 80 consecutive patients from whom 95 simultaneous MV echograms and either thermodilution (45) or Fick (50) cardiac outputs were obtained. Sixteen patients were normal; 54 had coronary artery disease; three had cardiomyopathy; and seven had nonrheumatic mitral regurgitation (MR). Linear regression for stroke volume was r = 0.90, SEE +/- 6, and for cardiac output r = 0.83, SEE +/- 0.5 liter for the 73 patients without MR. The presence or absence of ventricular dyssynergy did not alter statistical findings. MVSV consistently overestimated forward stroke volume for the seven patients with MR. This study shows that the MV echogram provides an accurate, widely applicable method for calculating MVSV.
Abstract P448: Exploring Socioeconomic Inequalities In Coronary Heart Disease Prevention
Authors: RAhmed, MartinO'Flaherty, NHawkins, JLucy, SimonCapewell
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Between 2000 and 2007, coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality rates in England plummeted by one third. An important part of this substantial CHD mortality decline was achieved through reductions in major cardiovascular risk factors (primary prevention). However, the relative contributions from medications and from population-wide changes remains unclear, particularly the effects on health inequalities. Methods: Using a previously validated policy model, the fall in CHD mortality in England was analysed. The contributions from risk factor declines in asymptomatic individuals through medications and through population-wide changes were quantified. Data were stratified using the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD). Model outputs were quantified as deaths prevented or postponed (DPPs). Results: Between 2000 and 2007, approximately 21,900 fewer CHD deaths were attributable to risk factor declines in systolic blood pressure and cholesterol in the English population. Some 7,100 of these 21,900 fewer ...
Psychological factors related to prehospital delay during acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: L WKenyon, M WKetterer, MGheorghiade, SGoldstein
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDPrior studies have had difficulty identifying factors that significantly explain patients' delay in responding to symptoms of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).METHODS AND RESULTSWe therefore examined factors affecting the time between symptom onset and hospital arrival for 103 AMI patients admitted to a Detroit metropolitan hospital between October 1989 and January 1990. Variables evaluated included demographic and medical history factors, psychological characteristics of somatic and emotional awareness, and type A behavior. The mean prehospital delay time was 9.0 +/- 10.8 hours (median, 5.0 hours; range, 0.25-62.0 hours). Delay time was not significantly associated with demographic or medical history categories or with type A behavior. Of study variables that can be identified prior to evolution of an AMI, somatic and emotional awareness were the only factors significantly predictive of delay time. Patients who were more capable of identifying inner experiences of emotions and/or bodily sensat...
A systematic review of antimicrobial susceptibility testing as a tool in clinical trials assessing antimicrobials against infections due to gram-negative pathogens
Authors: Andrew Henderson, Evan Bursle, Adam Stewart, Patrick N.A. Harris, David Paterson, Mark D. Chatfield, Mical Paul, Yaakov Dickstein, Jesus Rodriguez-Baño, John D. Turnidge, Gunnar Kahlmeter
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2021)
Response by Gan et al to Letter Regarding Article, “Small Extracellular Microvesicles Mediated Pathological Communications Between Dysfunctional Adipocytes and Cardiomyocytes as a Novel Mechanism Exacerbating Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Diabetic Mice”
Authors: Lu Gan, Dina Xie, Wayne Bond Lau, Xin-Liang Ma, Yajing Wang
Journal: Circulation (2020)
Estrogens and Endometrial Carcinoma
Authors: J A LARSON
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

A review of the studies on estrogens and endometrial carcinoma attempts to evaluate the large body of facts with an effort to avoid such biases as unintentional histological or hospital selectiveness.  En ough evidence has accumulated to suggest that any correlation of estroge n endometrial carcinoma delayed menopause myomas squamous metaplasia of the cervix and cirrhosis are without support.  Animal experiments have also yielded little convincing evidence that estrogens cause endometrial carcinoma.  Approaches that associate endometrial carcinoma with bleeding at the climacteric and ovarian stromal hyperplasia are still in need of further investigation.  Investigations relating persistent proliferative endometriums with endometrial carcinoma suffer from a lack of standard diagnostic criteria.  A relationship between feminizing tumors and endometrial carcinoma suggests the incidence to be more than chance.  The unique finding in this instance is that only tumors of primary or secondary sex structures coexist with feminizing tumors and corpus cancer.
Polyp Detection Rate and Associated Factors
Authors: A Ben Mohamed, S Laabidi, M Medhioub, A Khsiba, M Mahmoudi, L Hamzaoui, M Azzouz
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Methods We conducted a retrospective study, including consecutively all colonoscopies performed in the gastroenterology department. We have specified parameters relating to patients, colonoscopy and pathological results of resected polyps. Factors related to polyp detection rate (PDR) were evaluated by uni and multivariate analysis.