tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB0942 INFECTIOUS SPONDYLODISCITIS: TUBERCULOSIS VERSUS BRUCELLOSIS
Authors: R. Grassa, J. Anoun, M. Thabet, D. E. H. Abid, F. Ben Fredj, A. Rezgui, C. Kechrid
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Background: Infectious spondylodiscitis is a serious impairment that can compromise the functional and vital prognosis. The determination of the germ responsible is the key of the treatment. Objectives: The objective of our work is to describe the epidemiological, clinical and evolutionary profile according to the germ responsible by comparing tuberculous and brucellar spondylodiscitis. Methods: This is a retrospective study including 32 cases of spondylodiscitis with specific germs (Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Brucella) collected in an internal medicine department over a period of 18 years (2000-2018). Results: These were 20 men and 12 women with an M / F ratio of 1.66. The average age of our patients was 50.63 [16-84]. The germ implicated was Koch’s Bacillus in 11 patients (34.38%) and Brucella in 21 patients (65.63%). The mean age for tuberculosis (TB) was 45.18 years versus 53.48 years for brucellosis. Spinal pain was the major symptom in the 02 groups. The deterioration in general condition was present in 80.95% for the brucellosis group versus 81.82% for the tuberculosis group. Biological inflammatory syndrome was observed in 94.24% of the brucellosis group and 63.63% of the TBC group. The lumbar location was the most frequent in the 02 groups (71.88%).It was a multifocal localization in 27.27% (TB) and 61.90% (Brucellosis) respectively. The imaging allowed the detection of para abscesses -vertebral in 54.55% for the TB group versus 23.81% for the brucellar group. An epiduritis was objectified in 36.36% of the TB group against 33.33% for that of brucellar. CT-guided biopsy was performed in 54.55% of tuberculosis patients compared to 47.62% in the other group. It was only positive in one case of brucellosis, whereas it allowed diagnosis in 36.36% of cases of TB. The evolution after initiation of adequate antibiotic treatment was interspersed with neurological complications in the tuberculosis group in 18.18% of cases against 14.29% in the brucellosis group. Draining abscess was necessary in the tuberculosis group in 18.18% and in 9.52% of the brucellosis cases. Conclusion: Our results show a higher frequency of neurological complications in tuberculosis forms. Vertebral biopsy is of no interest in Brucellar spondylodiscitis unlike tuberculosis forms where it allows the diagnosis. References: [1]Bousson,et al (2014). Infection rachidienne: du germe lent au staphylocoque doré. Revue Du Rhumatisme Monographies, 81(1), 27–35. [2]Bierry, G., &amp; Dietemann, J.-L. (2012). Imagerie des spondylodiscites infectieuses. EMC - Radiologie et Imagerie Médicale - Musculosquelettique - Neurologique - Maxillofaciale, 7(4), 1–16. Disclosure of Interests: None declared
Generation of HIV-resistant cells with a single-domain antibody: implications for HIV-1 gene therapy
Authors: Hongliang Jin, Xiaoran Tang, Li Li, Yue Chen, Yuanmei Zhu, Huihui Chong, Yuxian He
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2021)

Abstract The cure or functional cure of the “Berlin patient” and “London patient” indicates that infusion of HIV-resistant cells could be a viable treatment strategy. Very recently, we genetically linked a short-peptide fusion inhibitor with a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) attachment signal, rendering modified cells fully resistant to HIV infection. In this study, GPI-anchored m36.4, a single-domain antibody (nanobody) targeting the coreceptor-binding site of gp120, was constructed with a lentiviral vector. We verified that m36.4 was efficiently expressed on the plasma membrane of transduced TZM-bl cells and targeted lipid raft sites without affecting the expression of HIV receptors (CD4, CCR5, and CXCR4). Significantly, TZM-bl cells expressing GPI-m36.4 were highly resistant to infection with divergent HIV-1 subtypes and potently blocked HIV-1 envelope-mediated cell-cell fusion and cell-cell viral transmission. Furthermore, we showed that GPI-m36.4-modified human CEMss-CCR5 cells were nonpermissive to both CCR5- and CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 isolates and displayed a strong survival advantage over unmodified cells. It was found that GPI-m36.4 could also impair HIV-1 Env processing and viral infectivity in transduced cells, underlying a multifaceted mechanism of antiviral action. In conclusion, our studies characterize m36.4 as a powerful nanobody that can generate HIV-resistant cells, offering a novel gene therapy approach that can be used alone or in combination.
Second-line chemotherapy (2L) in elderly patients with advanced biliary tract cancer (ABC): A multicenter real-world study.
Authors: Alessandro Rizzo, Massimiliano Salati, Giorgio Frega, Valeria Merz, Francesco Caputo, Angela Dalia Ricci, Andrea Palloni, Carlo Messina, Andrea Spallanzani, Gioconda Saccoccio, Veronica Mollica, Fabio Gelsomino, Stefania Benatti, Gabriele Luppi, Davide Melisi, Massimo Dominici, Giovanni Brandi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

322 Background: The ABC-06 trial recently established the role of 2L in ABC progressing after platinum/gemcitabine combination. However, older patients are often under-represented in clinical trials and no data are currently available regarding 2L in elderly ABC. The aim of this real-world study was to explore the treatment pattern, safety and efficacy of 2L in ABC patients aged ≥ 70 years old and to compare their outcomes with younger subjects. Methods: Institutional registries across three academic medical centers were retrospectively reviewed and data of interest retrieved to identify ABC who had received 2L from October 2002 to July 2020. Patients older than 70 years were considered as elderly individuals. The Kaplan-Meier methods was used to estimate survival and the log-rank test to make comparison. The impact of variables on survival was assessed through univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 190 ABC patients treated with 2L were identified and included in the analysis. Among them, 27.3% (n = 52) were aged ≥ 70 years (range 70-87y), of whom 25 patients had iCCA (48%), 13 GBC (25%) and 15 eCCA (27%). 56% (n = 29) were female and 38 (73%) patients had an ECOG-PS 0-1. The most frequently administered 2L regimens were capecitabine monotherapy (n = 14, 27%), single-agent gemcitabine (n = 9, 17%) and gemcitabine/capecitabine combination (n = 9, 17%). No differences in terms of prior surgery (p = 0.64) and 2L treatment intensity (p = 0.34) were observed compared to patients aged &lt; 70 years. The disease control rate of 2L was 28.8% and 29.7% in elderly and youngers, respectively. No statistically significant differences in both mOS (5.7 months in elderly vs 6.1 months in youngers, HR 0.97; p = 0.86) and mPFS (4.7 vs 4.8 months, HR 0.88; p = 0.44) were recorded. Regarding the safety profile of 2L, grade 3 or 4 treatment-related toxicities occurred more frequently in the older group (48.5% versus 8.2%; OR 6.31; p &lt; 0.001). When looking at prognostic factors, absolute lymphocyte count &lt; 1000/mmc (p &lt; 0.001) and albumin level &lt; 3 g/dL (p &lt; 0.001) were independently associated with worse prognosis. Conclusions: The results of this real-world study, limited by its retrospective nature and small sample size, suggest that for patients aged ≥ 70 years, 2L could be equally effective as for youngers, with survival outcomes aligned to those from ABC-06 trial. Notably, based on the higher incidence of grade 3-4 adverse events, the delivery of 2L should be carefully evaluated and monitored in this patient subset.
More Evidence Linking Autoimmune Diseases to Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Søren Dalsgaard
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Gender dysphoria service rated inadequate after waiting list of 4600 raises concerns
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2021)

England’s only gender dysphoria service for young people has been rated inadequate, after inspectors found “significant concerns” following an unannounced inspection.1

The Care Quality Commission (CQC) took enforcement action against the Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust, which runs the gender identity development service (GIDS), imposing conditions on the trust’s registration to try to reduce the service’s lengthy waiting list.

The CQC inspected GIDS last October and November after healthcare professionals and the children’s commissioner for England, Anne Longfield, raised concerns relating to clinical practice, safeguarding procedures, and assessment of capacity and consent to treatment.

Referrals to the service have skyrocketed from 77 in 2009-10 to more than 2700 in 2019-20. There were more than 4600 young people on the waiting list, with some waiting more …
SAT0241 PLATELET INDICES COULD BE SIMPLE RELIABLE PREDICTORS OF THROMBOTIC EVENTS IN PATIENTS WITH ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME
Authors: J. Zhao, M. LI, Q. Wang, X. Tian, X. Zeng
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Background: Platelet activation is considered as a pivot pathogenic process to be responsible for thromboembolism in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). severalstudies shown that platelet indices including platelet distribution width (PDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), large platelet rate (P-LCR) are associated with platelet activation. Objectives: This study aims to determine the correlation between platelet indices and thrombotic events in patients with APS. Methods: Platelet activation is considered as a pivot pathogenic process to be responsible for thromboembolism in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). severalstudies shown that platelet indices including platelet distribution width (PDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), large platelet rate (P-LCR) are associated with platelet activation. Results: A total of 207 patients [135(65.2%) female, 72(34.8%) male], medianage 35(IQR 10)] was classified into thrombotic group (n=150,72.5%) and non-thrombotic group(n=57,27.5%). PDW, MPV, P-LCR were significantly higher in thrombotic group than non-thrombotic group (13.0±3.4 vs. 11.2±7.3)p&lt;0.001, 10.7±1.4vs.10.0±3.0,p&lt;0.001, 30.25±11.6vs. 25.1±10.4 p&lt;0.001, respectively]. No differences in age, WBC count, hsCRP and C3 were observed between groups. Also, HGB was found to be notably higher in thrombotic group than non-thrombotic group (143±29 vs. 132±15, p=0.001).Upon univariate logistic analysis, PDW (OR 1.554, 95%CI 1.289-1.873, p&lt;0.001), MPV (OR 1.772, 95%CI 1.268-2.476, p=0.001), P-LCR (OR 1.089, 95%CI 1.040-1.140, p&lt;0.001) were all significantly associated with the occurrenceof thrombosis. In multivariate logistic analysis, only PDW and positive LAwere identified to be risk factors of thrombotic events (Table 1). The ROC curve showed that PDW combinedwith positive LAwas a reliable indicator of thrombotic events with an AUC of 0.796 (95%CI 0.728-0.864). The optimal cut-off value for PDW was 12.4fl with a sensitivity of 72.0% and specificity of 77.2%. Conclusion: This study confirmed that PDW, P-LCR and MPV (especially PDW) were significantly associated with thrombotic events in APS patients, which could support the theory of platelet activation being a crucial factor of thrombosis inAPS. Caution should be raised when patients with positive LA has relatively high PDW level. Disclosure of Interests: None declared
Natural Language Processing to Assess Frequency of Functional Status Documentation for Patients Newly Diagnosed With Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Rucira Ooi, Setthasorn Zhi Yang Ooi
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Covid-19: Government failed to meet procurement standards when spending billions during pandemic
Authors: Adrian O’Dowd
Journal: BMJ (2021)

The government did not meet expected standards when spending billions of pounds of public money on contracts while dealing with the covid-19 pandemic, peers have been told.

Poor transparency, incomplete documentation, and questionable processes for government procurement during the pandemic last year were highlighted by experts appearing before the House of Lords public services committee during an evidence session for its inquiry into procurement and public services held on 20 January.

The committee’s peers quizzed representatives of public spending watchdog the National Audit Office (NAO) following the latter’s November 2020 report1 into government emergency procurement during the pandemic.

That report found there had been a lack of …
Radiographic response of desmoplastic mesenteric lesions to peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT).
Authors: Eleonora Pelle, Taymeyah E. Al-Toubah, Brian Morse, Ghassan El-Haddad, Jonathan R. Strosberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

362 Background: 177 Lu-dotatate PRRT is indicated in well-differentiated, SSTR+ small bowel NETs. These tumors often metastasize to mesenteric lymph nodes and produce a desmoplastic reaction, consisting of tumor cells mixed with fibrotic tissue. We hypothesized that in patients treated with 177 Lu-dotatate, mesenteric tumors would remain stable even as liver tumor size changes were observed. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of all patients treated with 177 Lu-dotatate between 4/2018 and 12/2019. Among patients with desmoplastic mesenteric tumors and liver metastases, we evaluated changes in tumor size of mesenteric and liver lesions based on pre and post-treatment radiology reports. Due to the infrequency of objective radiographic response (ORR), any reported changes in tumor size were considered significant. Scans were subsequently reviewed by a radiologist to confirm findings. Results: 21 patients met the inclusion criteria: 9 had evidence of shrinkage of liver lesion(s), 1 report described mild progression of liver lesions, 7 described stable hepatic disease and 4 described mixed hepatic progression/response. 2 of the patients with hepatic tumor shrinkage met criteria for PR by RECIST 1.1. Desmoplastic mesenteric lesions remained unchanged in size, regardless of the changes detected on liver lesions. Conclusions: 177 Lu-dotatate does not impact desmoplastic mesenteric tumors typically associated with midgut NETs. Patients whose disease is confined to desmoplastic mesenteric lesions are unlikely to respond radiographically to PRRT. Moreover, the inclusion of desmoplastic mesenteric lesions as target lesions in RECIST measurements increases rates of disease stability versus response or progression.
AB0124 Helicobacter pylori – a possible trigger of reactive arthritis
Authors: MD Parvu, C Tanasescu, A Barbulescu, G Gheorghe, C Ciubotaru
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> The clinical evidence to support the role for bacteria in arthritogenesis has been confined to reactive arthritis (ReA) among of spondyloarthropathies. There are several bacteria associated with arthritogenesis such as Chlamydia trachomatis and enteropatogenic bacteria. However there are few reports regarding the pathogenic role of the infection with Helicobacter pylori (HP) in ReA. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of the study is to investigate the possible pathogenic role of the infection with HP as a trigger of ReA. <h3>Methods</h3> Ten patients (7 women, 3 men, aged among 19 to 57 years old) with ReA related to HP were investigated. These were identified by positive IgG and IgM antibodies agains HP using Elisa tests performed on sera obtained from one year study (01.01.1999–01.01.2000) on 18 patients with clinical picture suggestive of ReA. We also performed complex immunology investigations, x-rays and osteoarticulary scintigraphies, endoscopy, but unfortunately no IgG antibodies against CagA or serum IgG levels against heat shock protein of 60KDA (HSP60). As for the rest of 8 patients with ReA, 2 of them were induced by C trachomatis,3 by Yersinia enterocolitica serotip 03,09, 2 by Shigella flexneri and 1 by Salmonella enteritides, confirmed by specific IgM and IgG Elisa tests. All patients were HLA B27 negative. <h3>Results</h3> The 10 HPReA patients had a female prevalence (7 women to 3 men) with young age (32 years old median), a high number of active joints 4 to 6, long duration of arthritis (3 weeks), no fever and occasionally gastroduodenal complains. However not only peripheral joint involvement but also sacroiliac one was determined by osteoarticulary scintigraphy which was concordant with the high value of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (30 up to 86 mm/h) and C-reactive protein (7 cases). 50% of the cases were ANA positive, homogenous. As for the gastroduodenal involvement only 1 case had active duodenal ulcer HP positive, 2 gastric hyperemia with HP positive tests and 7 cases with normal aspects found at endoscopy. <h3>Conclusion</h3> HP may be considered a possible trigger of ReA beyond Chlamydia trachomatis and enteropatogenic bacteria. The homology between microbial and human HSP60 may play a role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune mechanisms/disorders. There is no strong association between gastroduodenal involvement and ReA (different CagA status?). Further studies must be performed.
Lymphatic Vasculature: An Emerging Therapeutic Target and Drug Delivery Route
Authors: Wenjing Xu, Natalie R. Harris, Kathleen M. Caron
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (2021)

The lymphatic system has received increasing scientific and clinical attention because a wide variety of diseases are linked to lymphatic pathologies and because the lymphatic system serves as an ideal conduit for drug delivery. Lymphatic vessels exert heterogeneous roles in different organs and vascular beds, and consequently, their dysfunction leads to distinct organ-specific outcomes. Although studies in animal model systems have led to the identification of crucial lymphatic genes with potential therapeutic benefit, effective lymphatic-targeted therapeutics are currently lacking for human lymphatic pathological conditions. Here, we focus on the therapeutic roles of lymphatic vessels in diseases and summarize the promising therapeutic targets for modulating lymphangiogenesis or lymphatic function in preclinical or clinical settings. We also discuss considerations for drug delivery or targeting of lymphatic vessels for treatment of lymphatic-related diseases. The lymphatic vasculature is rapidly emerging as a critical system for targeted modulation of its function and as a vehicle for innovative drug delivery.
Primary PCI for STEMI During the COVID-19 Pandemic in London: A Systematic Analysis of Pathway Activation and Outcomes
Authors: C. Little, R. Jabbour, T. Kotecha, L. Candilio, L. Lawson, B. Wang, G. Manmathan, J. Coghlan, N. Patel, S. Kalra, T. Lockie, D. Patel, E. Smith, C. Baker, R. Khamis, G. Mikhail, I. Malik, R. Rakhit
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 Lineage — United States, December 29, 2020–January 12, 2021
Authors: Summer E. Galloway, Prabasaj Paul, Duncan R. MacCannell, Michael A. Johansson, John T. Brooks, Adam MacNeil, Rachel B. Slayton, Suxiang Tong, Benjamin J. Silk, Gregory L. Armstrong, Matthew Biggerstaff, Vivien G. Dugan
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2021)

On December 14, 2020, the United Kingdom reported a SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern (VOC), lineage B.1.1.7, also referred to as VOC 202012/01 or 20I/501Y.V1.* The B.1.1.7 variant is estimated to have emerged in September 2020 and has quickly become the dominant circulating SARS-CoV-2 variant in England (1). B.1.1.7 has been detected in over 30 countries, including the United States. As of January 13, 2021, approximately 76 cases of B.1.1.7 have been detected in 12 U.S. states.† Multiple lines of evidence indicate that B.1.1.7 is more efficiently transmitted than are other SARS-CoV-2 variants (1-3). The modeled trajectory of this variant in the U.S. exhibits rapid growth in early 2021, becoming the predominant variant in March. Increased SARS-CoV-2 transmission might threaten strained health care resources, require extended and more rigorous implementation of public health strategies (4), and increase the percentage of population immunity required for pandemic control. Taking measures to reduce transmission now can lessen the potential impact of B.1.1.7 and allow critical time to increase vaccination coverage. Collectively, enhanced genomic surveillance combined with continued compliance with effective public health measures, including vaccination, physical distancing, use of masks, hand hygiene, and isolation and quarantine, will be essential to limiting the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Strategic testing of persons without symptoms but at higher risk of infection, such as those exposed to SARS-CoV-2 or who have frequent unavoidable contact with the public, provides another opportunity to limit ongoing spread.