tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A systematic review of the factors influencing microbial colonization of the preterm infant gut
Authors: Miriam Aguilar-Lopez, Andrew M. Dinsmoor, Thao T. B. Ho, Sharon M. Donovan
Journal: Gut Microbes (2021)

Prematurity coupled with the necessary clinical management of preterm (PT) infants introduces multiple factors that can interfere with microbial colonization. This study aimed to review the perinatal, physiological, pharmacological, dietary, and environmental factors associated with gut microbiota of PT infants. A total of 587 articles were retrieved from a search of multiple databases. Sixty studies were included in the review after removing duplicates and articles that did not meet the inclusion criteria. Review of this literature revealed that evidence converged on the effect of postnatal age, mode of delivery, use of antibiotics, and consumption of human milk in the composition of gut microbiota of PT infants. Less evidence was found for associations with race, sex, use of different fortifiers, macronutrients, and other medications. Future studies with rich metadata are needed to further explore the impact of the PT exposome on the development of the microbiota in this high-risk population.
Use of the Internet for Health Information and Communication—Reply
Authors: Laurence Baker, Todd H. Wagner, M. Kate Bundorf, Sara Singer
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Endoscopic Resection of Type I Gastric Neuroendocrine Neoplasia: A Systematic Review
Authors: G Esposito, F Panzuto, L Magi, M Rinzivillo, B Annibale
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Although relatively uncommon, the incidence of type I gastric neuroendocrine neoplasia (NEN) has been rising over time. Since they are considered indolent neoplasms, with low metastatic potential, endoscopic resection is the treatment of choice. However, correct endoscopic management is not well established. This systematic review aimed to investigate which is the best endoscopic technique to achieve complete resection in type I gastric NEN.
Mechanisms underlying the development of ventricular fibrillation during early myocardial ischemia.
Authors: S MPogwizd, P BCorr
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

The mechanisms underlying the development of ventricular fibrillation (VF) during early myocardial ischemia were assessed by use of a computerized three-dimensional mapping system capable of recording simultaneously from 232 intramural recording sites throughout the entire feline heart in vivo. Occlusion of the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery led to ventricular tachycardia (VT), which degenerated to VF in 1-5 minutes in four of 15 animals. Normal sinus beats immediately preceding the initiation of VT leading to VF demonstrated delayed activation (total activation time 133 +/- 14 msec), which was not significantly different from the activation time for normal sinus beats immediately preceding nonsustained VT (149 +/- 7 msec). Most of the conduction delay occurred in the subendocardial and midmyocardial regions in both groups. Initiation of VT leading to VF occurred by intramural reentry in three of the four cases. In one case, a mechanism responsible for the initiation of VT could not be ...
In vivo determination of cerebral blood volume with radioactive oxygen-15 in the monkey.
Authors: J OEichling, M ERaichle, R LGrubb, K BLarson, M MTer-Pogossian
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

A method for the in vivo determination of cerebral blood volume was tested in 15 adult rhesus monkeys. The technique utilized external residue detection and required the serial measurement of two mean transit times, namely, that of an intravascular tracer, C15O-hemoglobin, and that of a diffusible tracer, H215O. In computing the mean transit time for the intravascular tracer, the conventional Hamilton extrapolation of the downslope of the recording obtained for the washout of the tracer from the brain subsequent to an intracarotid bolus injection was found to be inadequate, yielding a mean transit time that systematically underestimated that parameter. Alternatively, the use of a power law extrapolation, as proposed by Huang, allowed a more accurate prediction of the vascular mean transit time. The preliminary studies testing the method predicted that the relationship between cerebral blood volume (CBV) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) was adequately represented by the equation CBV = 0.80CBF0.38, with a corr...
Lumen Apposing Metal Stent (Hot-Axios) in the Treatment of Refractory Peptic Duodenal Stenosis
Authors: M Moreira, J Fernandes, T Araújo, J Canena, L Lopes
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

77-year-old man with a history of duodenal ulcer, admitted to the emergency department for late postprandial vomiting. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed punctiform stenosis in the bolbar vertex with a longitudinal extension of <5 mm.
Eficacy and Safety of Endoscopic Mucosal Resection for Difficult Lesions: are Results From Leading Groups Reproducible by Non-Leading Groups?
Authors: R Muñoz Gonzalez, J Escobar Ortiz, E Fernandez Velado, J Prieto Aparicio, C Santander, P Miranda Garcia
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims High Size Morphology Site Access (SMSA) score has been associated with more adverse events (AE), incomplete resection and recurrence by leading groups1. Our aim was to assess the efficacy and safety of EMR for lesions with high SMSA scores and comepare our results with those reported by a leading group.
18F-FDG PET/CT in Infective Endocarditis on Papillary Muscles
Authors: Na Fang, Lei Zeng, Fei Jin, Shuai Lin, Yan-li Wang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

Abstract Infective endocarditis is a serious, potentially life-threatening condition. The valve leaflets and annulus are the most commonly affected sites, but involvement of the papillary muscles is extremely rare. We present the case of a 69-year-old woman who had infective endocarditis only involving the papillary muscle on 18 F-FDG PET/CT.
Diastolic viscous properties of the intact canine left ventricle.
Authors: S DNikolic, KTamura, TTamura, MDahm, R WFrater, E LYellin
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

The viscoelastic model of the ventricle predicts that the rate of change of volume (strain rate) is a determinant of the instantaneous pressure in the ventricle during diastole. Because relaxation is not complete before the onset of filling, one cannot distinguish the individual effects of relaxation and viscosity unless the passive and active components that determine the ventricular pressure are separated. To overcome this problem, we used the method of ventricular volume clamping to compare the pressures in the fully relaxed ventricle at a given volume at zero strain rate (static pressure) and high strain rate (dynamic pressure). Six open-chest, fentanyl-anesthetized dogs were instrumented with micromanometers and an electronically controlled mitral valve occluder in series with the electromagnetic flow probe. We reasoned as follows: If there were significant viscosity, then the dynamic pressure would be higher than the static pressure. The static pressure was measured when the ventricle was completely...
Effects of long-term monotherapy with enalapril, metoprolol, and digoxin on the progression of left ventricular dysfunction and dilation in dogs with reduced ejection fraction.
Authors: H NSabbah, HShimoyama, TKono, R CGupta, V GSharov, GScicli, T BLevine, SGoldstein
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDRecent clinical trials have suggested that therapy with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in asymptomatic patients with reduced left ventricular (LV) function can significantly reduce the incidence of congestive heart failure compared with patients receiving placebo. In the present study, we examined the effects of long-term monotherapy with enalapril, metoprolol, and digoxin on the progression of LV systolic dysfunction and LV chamber enlargement in dogs with reduced LV ejection fraction (EF).METHODS AND RESULTSLV dysfunction was produced in 28 dogs by multiple sequential intracoronary microembolizations. Embolizations were discontinued when LVEF was 30% to 40%. Three weeks after the last embolization, dogs were randomized to 3 months of oral therapy with enalapril (10 mg twice daily, n = 7), metoprolol (25 mg twice daily, n = 7), digoxin (0.25 mg once daily, n = 7), or no treatment (control, n = 7). As expected, in untreated dogs, LVEF decreased (36 +/- 1% versus 26 +/- 1%, P < .001) an...
Challenges in the Endoscopic Management of a Delayed Colonic Perforation After Polypectomy
Authors: C Macedo, E Gravito-Soares, M Gravito-Soares, P Amaro, P Narra Figueiredo
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

A 63-year-old woman underwent screening colonoscopy with diathermic snare polypectomy of a 25mm sigmoid’s pedunculated polyp featuring deep mural injury without perforation. 10hours later, she presented with abdominal pain and fever. Abdominal-CT showed contained colonic perforation without free pneumoperitoneum or peritoneal effusion. After multidisciplinary discussion, endoscopic closure using OTSC (Ovesco,Germany) was performed 14hours after presentation. 2weeks later abdominal pain recurred due to a 7cm peri-sigmoid collection related to partial OTSC dehiscence. After lavage, complete closure was performed using a modified tulip-bundle technique joining the previously placed OTSC with additional TTS-endoclips tighten by an endoloop. Uneventful recovery was finally achieved.
Predictive Factors of Esophageal Varices Band Ligation Failure
Authors: M Ayari, Y Zaimi, E Bel Hadj Mabrouk, A Mensi, S Ayadi, Y Said, L Mouelhi, R Dabbeche
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Esophageal varices ligation (EVL) is the first line endoscopic treatment in acute bleeding, secondary and primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding. Although effective in most case, failure of EVL can occur and expose to high morbidity and mortality. However risk factors of EVL failure are not well established. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of EVL failure.
Effect of angina on the left ventricular diastolic pressure-volume relationship.
Authors: TMann, B RBrodie, WGrossman, L PMcLaurin
Journal: Circulation (1977)

The increased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure associated with myocardial ischemia was studied in 19 patients at cardiac catheterization. Single plane left ventriculograms were performed using high fedelity micromanometer tipped catheters before and immediately following rapid atrial pacing. Left ventricular diastolic properties were evaluated by constructing diastolic pressure-volume curves from the simultaneous pressure and volume data. In seven control patients, there was no significant change in left ventricular hemodynamics or the diastolic pressure-volume curve after atrial pacing. Twelve patients with significant coronary artery disease developed angina during pacing and had an increased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (18 +/- 2 mm Hg, control, vs 30 +/- 2 mm Hg, angina, P less than .01) in the immediate post-pacing period. In these patients, the post-pacing ejection fraction was modestly decreased (0.63 +/- 0.03, control, vs 0.57 +/- 0.03, angina P less than 0.01), and left ventricu...
Fibrinopeptide A is released into the coronary circulation after coronary spasm.
Authors: SOshima, HYasue, HOgawa, KOkumura, KMatsuyama
Journal: Circulation (1990)

To examine whether acute myocardial ischemia activates the coagulation system and platelet activation in the coronary circulation, we measured plasma levels of fibrinopeptide A and beta-thromboglobulin in the coronary sinus and the aortic root simultaneously in 15 patients with coronary spastic angina before and after the left coronary spasm induced by intracoronary injection of acetylcholine and in 15 patients with stable exertional angina before and after acute myocardial ischemia induced by rapid atrial pacing. Fifteen patients with chest pain but normal coronary arteries and no coronary spasm served as controls. The coronary sinus-arterial difference of fibrinopeptide A increased markedly (p less than 0.001) from 0.1 +/- 0.2 to 4.3 +/- 0.7 ng/ml after the anginal attacks in the coronary spastic angina group. However, fibrinopeptide A levels remained unchanged after the attacks in the stable exertional angina group and after intracoronary injection of acetylcholine in the control group. Plasma beta-thr...
Uncommon Biliary Complications in Liver Transplant Recipients: an Observational Analysis Over 16 Years
Authors: A Fernandez-Simon, A Vilagrasa-Vilella, A Bofill, K Chavez-Rivera, H Cordova, O Sendino, A Cardenas
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Biliary complications are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in liver transplant (LT) recipients. The majority of these complications are due to strictures and leaks. However, other less frequent complications, such as papillary stenosis, biloma, hemobilia and functional biliary sphincter disorder (FBSD), have been poorly studied. The aim of this analysis is to describe the prevalence, risk factors and outcome of these infrequent biliary complications.
Injury epidemiology in professional ballet: a five-season prospective study of 1596 medical attention injuries and 543 time-loss injuries
Authors: Adam M Mattiussi, Joseph W Shaw, Sean Williams, Phil DB Price, Derrick D Brown, Daniel D Cohen, Richard Clark, Shane Kelly, Greg Retter, Charles Pedlar, Jamie Tallent
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2021)

Objectives To describe the incidence rate, severity, burden and aetiology of medical attention and time-loss injuries across five consecutive seasons at a professional ballet company. Methods Medical attention injuries, time-loss injuries and dance exposure hours of 123 professional ballet dancers (women: n=66, age: 28.0±8.3 years; men: n=57, age: 27.9±8.5 years) were prospectively recorded between the 2015/2016 and 2019/2020 seasons. Results The incidence rate (per 1000 hours) of medical attention injury was 3.9 (95% CI 3.3 to 4.4) for women and 3.1 (95% CI 2.6 to 3.5) for men. The incidence rate (per 1000 hours) of time-loss injury was 1.2 (95% CI 1.0 to 1.5) for women and 1.1 (95% CI 0.9 to 1.3) for men. First Soloists and Principals experienced between 2.0–2.2 additional medical attention injuries per 1000 hours and 0.9–1.1 additional time-loss injuries per 1000 hours compared with Apprentices (p≤0.025). Further, intraseason differences were observed in medical attention, but not time-loss, injury incidence rates with the highest incidence rates in early (August and September) and late (June) season months. Thirty-five per cent of time-loss injuries resulted in over 28 days of modified dance training. A greater percentage of time-loss injuries were classified as overuse (women: 50%; men: 51%) compared with traumatic (women: 40%; men: 41%). Conclusion This is the first study to report the incidence rate of medical attention and time-loss injuries in professional ballet dancers. Incidence rates differed across company ranks and months, which may inform targeted injury prevention strategies.
200P Prognostic factors in malignant pleural mesothelioma: A multicentric study
Authors: M.M. Baptista, J. Barata, G. Fernandes, S. Saleiro, M. Souto Moura, A. Magalhães, M.J. Valente, M.L.S.B. Valente
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Intracellular calcium transient of working human myocardium of seven patients transplanted for congestive heart failure.
Authors: C FVahl, ABonz, TTimek, SHagl
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

The afterload dependence of the intracellular calcium transient in isolated working human myocardium was analyzed in both donor and recipient hearts of seven patients undergoing transplantation because of dilated cardiomyopathy. The intracellular calcium transient (recorded by the fura 2 ratio method), force development, and muscle shortening were simultaneously recorded in small (0.6 x 4.0-mm) electrically driven (60 beats per minute) trabeculas contracting at constant preload against varying afterloads. When the fibers contracted under isometric conditions, the intracellular calcium transients of normal and failing myocardium were similar. However, in dilated cardiomyopathy, stepwise afterload reduction and the concomitant increase in shortening amplitudes were associated with extraordinary alterations in the shape of the calcium transients; the amplitude rose, the time to peak was delayed, and at minimal afterloads, a long-lasting plateau was observed, and the diastolic decay was retarded. The calcium-...
HCO3(-)-dependent intracellular pH regulation in the premature myocardium.
Authors: TNakanishi, HGu, MSeguchi, E JCragoe, KMomma
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

This study investigated developmental changes in Na(+)-H+ exchange and HCO3(-)-Cl- exchange activities in newborn and adult rabbit hearts. pHi was measured using the fluorescent dye 2',7'-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein in isolated myocytes. Myocardial mechanical function was measured in the isolated ventricular preparation. Intracellular acidosis with normal pHo was induced by an NH4Cl (10 mM) prepulse technique. Upon removal of NH4Cl, pHi fell transiently and then recovered toward the control level. In the HCO3-/CO2-buffered solution, the rate of recovery of pHi in the newborn was greater than in the adult. In the HCO3-/CO2-buffered solution, 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)amiloride (EIPA), an inhibitor of Na(+)-H+ exchange, inhibited the recovery of pHi completely in the adult. In the newborn, however, significant recovery of pHi was observed in the presence of EIPA. In the presence of both EIPA and 4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2',2'-disulfonic acid (SITS), an inhibitor of HCO3(-)-Cl- exch...
Effect of intravenous adenosine infusion on myocardial perfusion and function. Hemodynamic/angiographic and scintigraphic study.
Authors: J DOgilby, A SIskandrian, W JUntereker, JHeo, T NNguyen, JMercuro
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDMyocardial perfusion imaging during adenosine-induced hyperemia with dipyridamole or adenosine is an accepted method to diagnose coronary artery disease (CAD) and risk assessment. The mechanism of perfusion abnormality may be caused by disparate flow responses or coronary steal. This study examined the relation between 201Tl perfusion pattern and hemodynamic/angiographic changes during intravenous adenosine infusion.METHODS AND RESULTSPatients with suspected CAD underwent sequential hemodynamic, coronary arteriographic, and left ventriculographic studies simultaneously with 201Tl imaging during adenosine infusion (140 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 for 6 minutes). There were 33 patients with CAD and 12 patients without CAD. The 201Tl images (using single-photon emission computed tomography) were abnormal in 31 patients with CAD (sensitivity, 94%) and normal in the patients without CAD (specificity, 100%). In patients with and without CAD, there were significant increases in heart rate and cardiac output ...
Reduction in QT interval dispersion by successful thrombolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarction. TEAM-2 Study Investigators.
Authors: F LMoreno, TVillanueva, L AKaragounis, J LAnderson
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDQT dispersion (QTd, equals maximal minus minimal QT interval) on a standard ECG has been shown to reflect regional variations in ventricular repolarization and is significantly greater in patients with than in those without arrhythmic events.METHODS AND RESULTSTo assess the effect of thrombolytic therapy on QTd, we studied 244 patients (196 men; mean age, 57 +/- 10 years) with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who were treated with streptokinase (n = 115) or anistreplase (n = 129) at an average of 2.6 hours after symptom onset. Angiograms at 2.4 +/- 1 hours after thrombolytic therapy showed reperfusion (TIMI grade > or = 2) in 75% of patients. QT was measured in 10 +/- 2 leads at 9 +/- 5 days after AMI by using a computerized analysis program interfaced with a digitizer. QTd, QRSd, JT (QT minus QRS), and JT dispersion (JTd, equals maximal minus minimal JT interval) were calculated with a computer. There were significant differences in QTd (96 +/- 31, 88 +/- 25, 60 +/- 22, and 52 +/- 19 milliseco...
Cohousing-mediated microbiota transfer from milk bioactive components-dosed mice ameliorate colitis by remodeling colonic mucus barrier and lamina propria macrophages
Authors: Cong Liu, Shimeng Huang, Zhenhua Wu, Tiantian Li, Na Li, Bing Zhang, Dandan Han, Shilan Wang, Jiangchao Zhao, Junjun Wang
Journal: Gut Microbes (2021)

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) are highly abundant in breast milk, and have been shown to exhibit potent immunomodulatory effects. Yet, their role in the gut microbiota modulation in relation to colitis remains understudied. Since the mixtures of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) and galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) perfectly mimic the properties and functions of HMOs, the combination of MFGM, FOS, and GOS (CMFG) has therefore been developed and used in this study. Here, CMFG were pre-fed to mice for three weeks to investigate its preventive effect on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) induced colitis. Moreover, CMFG-treated and vehicle-treated mice were cohoused to further elucidate the preventive role of the gut microbiota transfer in colitis. At the end of the study, 16S rDNA gene amplicon sequencing, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) profiling, transcriptome sequencing, histological analysis, immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry analysis were conducted. Our results showed that CMFG pre-supplementation alleviated DSS-induced colitis as evidenced by decreased disease activity index (DAI) score, reduced body weight loss, increased colon length and mucin secretion, and ameliorated intestinal damage. Moreover, CMFG reduced macrophages in the colon, resulting in decreased levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and MPO in the colon and circulation. Furthermore, CMFG altered the gut microbiota composition and promoted SCFAs production in DSS-induced colitis. Markedly, the cohousing study revealed that transfer of gut microbiota from CMFG-treated mice largely improved the DSS-induced colitis as evidenced by reduced intestinal damage and decreased macrophages infiltration in the colon. Moreover, transfer of the gut microbiota from CMFG-treated mice protected against DSS-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis and promotes SCFAs production, which showed to be associated with colitis amelioration. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the beneficial role of CMFG in the gastrointestinal diseases, and further provide evidence for the rational design of effective prophylactic functional diets in both animals and humans.