tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A New Consensus Framework for Phenotyping and Treatment Selecting in Addiction and Obsessive-Compulsive–Related Disorders
Authors: Murat Yücel, Rico S. C. Lee, Leonardo F. Fontenelle
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Use of equilibrium (gated) radionuclide ventriculography to quantitate left ventricular output in patients with and without left-sided valvular regurgitation.
Authors: M AKonstam, JWynne, B LHolman, E JBrown, J MNeill, JKozlowski
Journal: Circulation (1981)

We examined the accuracy with which left ventricular output can be estimated by equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography. After red blood cells were labeled in vivo, we measured left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic count rates and the count rate in 5 ml of the patient's blood. After estimating the average ratio of counting efficiency for the left ventricle to counting efficiency for the blood sample (Elv/Es) in six patients, we calculated left ventricular output in 26 other patients as (left ventricular activity ejected per minute divided by activity per liter of blood) divided by the previously estimated Elv/Es. Radionuclide left ventricular output closely approximated Fick cardiac output (r = 0.94) in patients without mitral or aortic regurgitation and exceeded Fick cardiac output in all patients with valvular regurgitation. Regurgitant fraction, calculated as the difference between the radionuclide and Fick outputs divided by the radionuclide output, correlated with the severity of of regur...
Contractile performance of the hypertrophied ventricle in patients with systemic hypertension.
Authors: MTakahashi, SSasayama, CKawai, HKotoura
Journal: Circulation (1980)

To assess the contractile state of the hypertrophied ventricle induced by long-standing systemic hypertension in 22 patients, we used echocardiography for the measurement of the ventricular diameter and posterior wall thickness, together with simultaneous recording of brachial arterial pressure. Meridional wall stress (WSt) was used for the expression of the force per unit cross-sectional area. The WSt-diameter relation obtained during dynamic responses to acute pressure reduction by nitroprusside infusion was compared with the same relation obtained in 10 normal subjects (posterior wall thickness averaged 0.7 cm [range 0.6-0.9 cm]) over a range of matched systolic pressure induced by methoxamine administration. In 15 patients in whom end-diastolic wall thickness increased to 1.1 cm (range 1.0-1.2 cm), the linear WSt-diameter relation at end-systole did not differ from the control group, indicating a normal level of inotropic state. In the seven patients with an end-diastolic wall thickness of 1.3 cm or m...
Dickinson W. Richards Lecture: Circulatory adjustments to hypoxia.
Authors: D DHeistad, F MAbboud
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Circulatory adjustments during hypoxia act to redistribute blood flow and maintain arterial pressure. Redistribution of blood flow is accomplished by a local effect of hypoxia, which produces dilatation in coronary and cerebral vessels, and the chemoreceptor reflex, which produces vasoconstriction in skeletal muscle and the splanchnic bed and dilatation in coronary vessels. Arterial pressure is maintained primarily by the chemoreceptor reflex. If the chemoreceptor reflex fails to maintain arterial pressure, hypoxia and hypotension together activate the central pressor response. Compensatory mechanisms usually are sufficient to maintain homeostasis during hypoxia. However, when a hypotensive stress is superimposed during hypoxia, compensatory mechanisms may fail to maintain arterial pressure. Thus, systemic hypoxia interferes with autonomic cardiovascular adjustments.
Aggravation of atherosclerosis by hypertension in a subhuman primate model with coarctation of the aorta.
Authors: WHollander, IMadoff, JPaddock, BKirkpatrick
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

The interrelationships between hypertension and atherosclerosis were investigated in a subhuman primate model (cynomolgus monkey) with hypertension produced by surgically coarcting the miathoracic aorta. The hypertensive coarcted monkey fed a low cholesterol diet for 6 months did not develop complicating atherosclerosis but did develop focal intimal lesions as well as marked thickening of the musculoelastic media of both the large and small arteries. Fibrocellular thickening of the intima and media occurred in the vessels proximal to the coarctation but not distal to the coarctation suggesting that a high level of blood pressure with resulting increase in arterial wall tension is responsible for these changes. The hypertensive coarcted monkey fed a hypercholesterolemic diet (2% cholesterol and 10% butter) for 6 months developed severe coronary atherosclerotic disease with fibrous plaque formation. The disease produced over 65% luminal narrowing of the major coronary arteries and their extramural and intra...
Shock occurrence and survival in 241 patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy.
Authors: WGrimm, B TFlores, F EMarchlinski
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDThe purpose of this study was to determine the influence of clinical characteristics on shock occurrence and survival in 241 patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy.METHODS AND RESULTSTwo hundred forty-one consecutive patients underwent ICD implantation between November 1982 and November 1991 and were subsequently followed for 26 +/- 22 months (intention-to-treat analysis). Actuarial incidence of  shocks was 13%, 42%, and 63%, and the incidence of any spontaneous shocks was 15%, 51%, and 76% at 1, 3, and 5 years of follow-up, respectively. Poor left ventricular function (ejection fraction < or = 30%) was associated with an earlier occurrence of both appropriate and any spontaneous ICD shocks (p = 0.001). Appropriate and any spontaneous shocks occurred significantly later in patients who presented with cardiac arrest and in patients in whom only ventricular fibrillation but no uniform ventricular tachycardia was induced during preoperative programmed stimul...
Junior doctors’ morale: the pandemic groundhog day
Authors: Nikki Nabavi, Clara Munro
Journal: BMJ (2021)

The volume of patients, the complexity of illnesses, and the unrelenting nature of the covid pandemic are having a huge impact on morale among our junior doctors, many of whom are experiencing their first winter in the NHS, write <b>Nikki Nabavi</b> and <b>Clara Munro</b>
Development of Immunotherapy Combination Strategies in Cancer
Authors: Timothy A. Yap, Eileen E. Parkes, Weiyi Peng, Justin T. Moyers, Michael A. Curran, Hussein A. Tawbi
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2021)

Harnessing the immune system to treat cancer through inhibitors of CTLA4 and PD-L1 has revolutionized the landscape of cancer. Rational combination strategies aim to enhance the antitumor effects of immunotherapies, but require a deep understanding of the mechanistic underpinnings of the immune system and robust preclinical and clinical drug development strategies. We review the current approved immunotherapy combinations, before discussing promising combinatorial approaches in clinical trials and detailing innovative preclinical model systems being used to develop rational combinations. We also discuss the promise of high-order immunotherapy combinations, as well as novel biomarker and combinatorial trial strategies. SIGNIFICANCE: Although immune-checkpoint inhibitors are approved as dual checkpoint strategies, and in combination with cytotoxic chemotherapy and angiogenesis inhibitors for multiple cancers, patient benefit remains limited. Innovative approaches are required to guide the development of novel immunotherapy combinations, ranging from improvements in preclinical tumor model systems to biomarker-driven trial strategies.
Adverse hemodynamic effects of intravenous disopyramide compared with quinidine in conscious dogs.
Authors: R AWalsh, L DHorwitz
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Disopyramide resembles quinidine electrophysiologically, but its effect on left ventricular function has not been clarified. Twelve awake dogs were instrumented for measurement of cardiac output, left ventricular pressure and its maximal first derivative (dP/dt max), and left atrial and aortic pressures. Disopyramide or quinidine at identical, clinically relevant doses (1 and 5 mg/kg i.v.) was infused over 5 minutes at each level. Peak changes after disopyramide 1 mg/kg included increases in heart rate (34%), mean aortic pressure (24%) and systemic vascular resistance (33%), and decreases in stroke volume (16%) and dP/dt max (19%). With disopyramide at 5 mg/kg these changes were of greater magnitude (e.g., dP/dt -- 36%). Quinidine at both doses caused no changes except a 13% decrease in vascular resistance at 5 mg/kg. Heart rate with disopyramide increased after propranolol (1 mg/kg i.v.), was unchanged after atropine (0.1 mg/kg i.v.), and slowed after propranolol and atropine. Phenoxybenzamine (2 mg/kg i...
Accuracy of exercise 201Tl myocardial scintigraphy in asymptomatic young men.
Authors: R SSchwartz, W GJackson, P VCelio, L ARichardson, J RHickman
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDLittle is known about the diagnostic usefulness of 201Tl scintigraphy for detecting asymptomatic coronary artery disease in apparently healthy men. We thus evaluated planar 201Tl exercise myocardial scintigraphy in 845 asymptomatic male military aircrew undergoing coronary arteriography because of abnormal noninvasive tests suggesting possible myocardial ischemia.METHODS AND RESULTSPatients were stratified by prior disease risk into six subgroups using age (  or = 45 years) and ratio of total to high density lipoprotein cholesterol (  6.0). Significant coronary artery disease (> or = 50% diameter stenosis in any major coronary artery) was present in 143 (16.9% prevalence). Overall sensitivity and specificity of 201Tl scintigraphy adjusted for verification bias were estimated to be 45 +/- 4% and 78 +/- 1%, respectively. These values are lower than corresponding values accepted for clinical populations. Positive and negative predictive values varied across subgroups. A...
Low-dose infusion of atrial natriuretic factor in mild essential hypertension.
Authors: GTonolo, A MRichards, PManunta, CTroffa, APazzola, PMadeddu, ATowrie, RFraser, NGlorioso
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Intra-arterial blood pressure, cardiac output, heart rate, right heart indexes, urinary electrolytes, and urinary volume were monitored in eight patients with untreated (WHO Class I) essential hypertension. The patients were given synthetic atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) (99-126 alpha-hANP) at 1 and 2 pmol/kg/min in series (phases 1 and 2, 2 hours each dose) or vehicle (hemaccel) in random order on two separate occasions while on their usual diet. Arterial plasma ANF levels increased significantly from basal and time-matched placebo values from 25 +/- 2 and 28 +/- 3 pmol/l to 50 +/- 4 and 83 +/- 9 pmol/l at the end of phases 1 and 2, respectively (p less than 0.001). After 30 minutes during phase 2, systolic blood pressure decreased significantly by 20 +/- 4 mm Hg (p less than 0.001) from basal and time-matched placebo values and remained significantly reduced (-17 +/- 4 mm Hg, p less than 0.001) by the end of the recovery period (2 hours after infusions were completed). Pulmonary systolic blood pressure...
Dilatation of the ductus arteriosus by prostaglandin E1 in aortic arch abnormalities.
Authors: M AHeymann, WBerman, A MRudolph, VWhitman
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Infants with aortic arch interruption of juxtaductal coarctation of the aorta may depend on patency of the ductus arteriosus to provide adequate lower body perfusion. In many such infants the ductus arteriosus constricts after birth, resulting in severe heart failure, poor systemic perfusion and acidemia. We infused prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) at a rate of 0.05--0.1 microgram/kg/min into seven infants with aortic arch interruption and eight infants with coarctation. In one infant in each group the ductus arteriosus was already closed and did not reopen. In one infant with coarctation an adequate trial was not accomplished, and in another adequate pressure measurements were not obtained. Of the remaining 11, the ductus arteriosus was effectively dilated by PGE1 in 10 infants. This was evidenced by an increase in descending aortic blood pressures and a reduction in the pressure difference between the main pulmonary artery and descending aorta in six infants with aortic arch interruption and between ascending an...
World leaders call for urgent action on adolescent wellbeing
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Governments and health leaders across the world have published a rallying cry for urgent global action to improve adolescent wellbeing.

In an open letter published by The BMJ on 1 April, the leaders warn that 1.2 billion people aged 10-19 worldwide “are at risk of inheriting a world blighted by climate change and scarred by covid-19.” Among 30 signatories to the letter are the Partnership for Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health; the World Health Organization; the United Nations; youth led organisations; and government representatives in Africa, the Americas, Asia, and …
Coronary vasodilator reserve after human orthotopic cardiac transplantation.
Authors: A LMcGinn, R FWilson, M TOlivari, D CHomans, C WWhite
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Cardiac transplantation is frequently associated with accelerated coronary atherosclerosis and immune-mediated microvascular injury. To determine if orthotopic cardiac transplantation impairs the capacity of the coronary vasculature to vasodilate and conduct hyperemic blood flow, maximal coronary vasodilator reserve was measured in 25 cardiac allograft recipients with no evidence of rejection 6-57 months after transplantation and in 20 normal subjects. Left ventricular wall thickness was assessed echocardiographically, and epicardial coronary anatomy was evaluated by quantitative coronary angiography. Coronary vasodilator reserve (CVDR) was measured in all patients with a coronary Doppler catheter and a maximally vasodilating dose of intracoronary papaverine. CVDR measured in the transplant recipients with normal coronary arteries, left ventricular function, and wall thickness (5.0 +/- 0.3 [mean +/- SEM] peak/resting velocity; range, 3.8-7.3; n = 16) was not different from that of normal subjects (4.8 +/-...
Endoscopic Management of Anastomotic Leaks Following Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer
Authors: R Ortigão, B Pereira, R Silva, P Bastos, P Pimentel-Nunes, F Faria, M Dinis-Ribbeiro, D Libânio
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Anastomotic dehiscence after esophagectomy is associated with high morbimortality and impaired quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the endoscopic treatment for esophageal anastomotic leakage (EAL) following esophagectomy for cancer.
Three variants of concealed bigeminy.
Authors: M NLevy, D SAdler, J RLevy
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Long electrocardiographic strips were analyzed from five patients who exhibited periods of typical  bigeminy, i. e., recurrent unifocal extrasystoles which were separated from one another by odd numbers of normally conducted sinus beats. However, in each of these patients, there were periods in which one of three different variants of concealed bigeminy was observed. Three patients displayed an   variant; i. e., there were large numbers of consecutive extrasystoles which were separated exclusively or preponderantly by even rather than by odd numbers of sinus beats. One other patient exhibited an   variant: those interectopic intervals which were initiated by an interpolated extrasystole contained an even number of sinus beats, whereas all other interectopic intervals contained an odd number. In the fifth patient, the distribution of the numbers of sinus beats separating extrasystoles was such as to suggest a periodic fluctuation between the classical forms ...
Phorbol diester modulates alpha-adrenergic receptor-coupled calcium efflux and alpha-adrenergic receptor number in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells.
Authors: W SColucci, M AGimbrone, R WAlexander
Journal: Circulation Research (1986)

The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate was used to probe the role of protein kinase-C in the modulation of alpha-adrenergic receptor-coupled calcium efflux in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells derived from rabbit aorta. Exposure of cells to 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate for 6 minutes caused a concentration-related (maximum effect at greater than or equal to 10 nM) increase in calcium-45 efflux from preloaded cells. Maximum calcium-45 efflux stimulated by 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate was equivalent to maximum norepinephrine-stimulated calcium-45 efflux, and maximally effective concentrations of 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate and norepinephrine together were no more potent than either drug alone. Exposure of cells to 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate for periods of 1-24 hours resulted in complete loss of norepinephrine-stimulated calcium-45 efflux and a much slower, concentration-related reduction in alpha-adrenergic receptor number, with a maximum reduction ...
Diagnosis and Management of Microscopic Colitis: Experience of a Tunisian Center
Authors: R Harbi, A Hammami, W Ben Ameur, W Dahmani, N Elleuch, S Ajmi, A Brahem, A Ben Slama, M Ksiaa, H Jaziri, A Jmaa
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Microscopic colitis(MC),which is comprised of lymphocytic colitis and collagenous colitis,is a clinicopathological diagnosis that is commonly encountered in clinical practice during the evaluation and management of chronic diarrhea.It is currently recognized as a relatively common cause of diarrhea that is as common as inflammatory bowel disease.
Guidelines for the Determination of Death
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pulmonary edema formation with myocardial infarction and left atrial hypertension: intravascular and extravascular pulmonary fluid volumes.
Authors: R ASlutsky, W WPeck, C BHiggins
Journal: Circulation (1983)

The response of pulmonary blood volume (PBV) and extravascular lung water (EVLW) was examined by indicator-dilution techniques in 14 open chest dogs, seven that underwent coronary occlusion (group 2) and seven that served as controls (group 1). Data were obtained in a control stage (control stage 1) 45 min after coronary ligation (control stage 2), and 90 min after the left atrial pressure had been increased to approximately 35 mm Hg with a left atrial balloon. In group 2 animals, EVLW increased after coronary ligation without a marked change in left atrial pressure (6.9 +/- 0.4 to 8.2 +/- 0.5 ml/kg mean +/- SD; p less than .05) and increased to 20.1 +/- 1.4 ml/kg after the production of left atrial hypertension (p less than .005 vs control and vs coronary ligation). In the control dogs, EVLW was unchanged 45 min after the initial data had been collected (7.1 +/- 0.7 to 7.0 +/- 0.8 ml/kg). After the production of left atrial hypertension in these dogs, EVLW rose (14.8 +/- 1.2 ml/kg; p less than .005 vs ...
Self-assembled elastin-like polypeptide fusion protein coacervates as competitive inhibitors of advanced glycation end-products enhance diabetic wound healing
Authors: Hwan June Kang, Suneel Kumar, Arielle D'Elia, Biraja Dash, Vikas Nanda, Henry C. Hsia, Martin L. Yarmush, François Berthiaume
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2021)
Myocardial catecholamine content after heart transplantation.
Authors: VRegitz, CBossaller, RStrasser, SSchüler, RHetzer, EFleck
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Myocardial catecholamine levels have not yet been determined in the transplanted human heart. We measured norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine in endomyocardial biopsies from 19 short-term (organ age, 6.6 +/- 6 months) and five long-term (organ age, 62 +/- 2 months) heart transplant patients. Results were compared with those from 10 normal control subjects. In 17 of 19 short-term heart transplant patients, myocardial catecholamines were undetectable, indicating values below 0.1 pg/micrograms noncollagen protein, which was the detection threshold of our assay. In the remaining two patients, myocardial catecholamines (pg/microgram noncollagen protein) were norepinephrine (1.4 and 3.2), epinephrine (0.8 and 1.9), and dopamine (0.9 and 2.3), respectively. In the five long-term heart transplant patients, myocardial catecholamines were not detected. Catecholamine concentrations in 10 healthy control subjects were norepinephrine (10.3 +/- 2.9), epinephrine (0.36 +/- 0.51), and dopamine (0.52 +/- 0.40). Low ...