tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 270: Non-Invasive Cerebral Perfusion and Autoregulation Monitoring Post-Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Reem Kashlan, Kaleem Chaudhry, Eric Ohlson, Joseph B Miller
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Objective: The primary aim of this study was to test the feasibility of non-invasive cerebral perfusion monitoring post-arrest. We secondarily tested the association between measured autoregulation, the presence of cerebral edema, and neurological recovery. Methods: This was a prospective, pilot study inclusive of patients successfully resuscitated from cardiac arrest in the Emergency Department (ED). After return of spontaneous circulation, an investigator placed non-invasive, bifrontal monitoring to measure cerebral perfusion. The device uses an acousto-optic sensor to measure continuous cerebral perfusion and measurements are arbitrary units between 0-100, where 0 represents no flow (Ornim, Tel Aviv). Subjects had invasive, continuous arterial monitoring to assess mean arterial pressure (MAP). Multimodal measurements continued for 60 minutes. We calculated a Pearson coefficient between the perfusion measurements and MAP as an assessment of cerebral autoregulation, where a correlation coefficient &gt; 0.3 indicates poor autoregulation, and a coefficient of 1 indicates completely passive cerebral perfusion to changes in MAP. Head computed tomography defined the presence of cerebral edema in the ED. Results: We enrolled 14 patients post-arrest with sustained return of circulation. The mean age was 55 ± 14 years, 7 were female, and 10 were African American. Six patients had pulseless electrical activity, 5 asystole, and 2 ventricular fibrillation. Bystander CPR rates were low (4 of 14, 31%). Two patients (14%) survived to hospital discharge. Cerebral perfusion was comparable between patients that survived and those that died (difference 3.1, 95% CI -14 to 8). Cerebral perfusion measurement was higher in patients with cerebral edema (difference 6.1, 95% CI 0.2 - 11.9). Autoregulation was worse in the presence of edema (0.30) compared to no edema (0.14), though this difference did not reach statistical significance (95% CI -0.7 to 0.4). Conclusions: In a pilot study, non-invasive post-arrest perfusion measurements plus coupling with MAP for autoregulation was feasible. Perfusion measurements were increased in the presence of cerebral edema but whether such measurements have prognostic value requires further study.
Abstract SP143: Advancing Cancer Research During Challenging Times
Authors: N Sharpless
Journal: Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on care for people with cancer and the conduct of cancer research have been significant and will be evident for many years to come. While the National Cancer Institute (NCI) has brought to bear considerable expertise and capabilities to respond to the pandemic, our top priority remains advancing cancer research. The NCI budget, activities in response to the pandemic, breast cancer research advances, and the vision for cancer clinical trials will be discussed. Citation Format: N Sharpless. Advancing Cancer Research During Challenging Times [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2020 San Antonio Breast Cancer Virtual Symposium; 2020 Dec 8-11; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(4 Suppl):Abstract nr SP143.
Precision Medicine in Oncology—Toward the Integrated Targeting of Somatic and Germline Genomic Aberrations
Authors: Timothy A. Yap, Amber Johnson, Funda Meric-Bernstam
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Innervation and Neuronal Control of the Mammalian Sinoatrial Node a Comprehensive Atlas
Authors: Peter Hanna, Michael J. Dacey, Jaclyn Brennan, Alison Moss, Shaina Robbins, Sirisha Achanta, Natalia P. Biscola, Mohammed A. Swid, Pradeep S. Rajendran, Shumpei Mori, Joseph E. Hadaya, Elizabeth H. Smith, Stanley G. Peirce, Jin Chen, Leif A. Havton, Zixi (Jack) Cheng, Rajanikanth Vadigepalli, James Schwaber, Robert L. Lux, Igor Efimov, John D. Tompkins, Donald B. Hoover, Jeffrey L. Ardell, Kalyanam Shivkumar
Journal: Circulation Research (2021)

Rationale: Cardiac function is under exquisite intrinsic cardiac neural control. Neuroablative techniques to modulate control of cardiac function are currently being studied in patients, albeit with variable and sometimes deleterious results. Objective: Recognizing the major gaps in our understanding of cardiac neural control, we sought to evaluate neural regulation of impulse initiation in the sinoatrial node (SAN) as an initial discovery step. Methods and Results: We report an in-depth, multiscale structural and functional characterization of the innervation of the SAN by the right atrial ganglionated plexus (RAGP) in porcine and human hearts. Combining intersectional strategies, including tissue clearing, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural techniques, we have delineated a comprehensive neuroanatomic atlas of the RAGP-SAN complex. The RAGP shows significant phenotypic diversity of neurons while maintaining predominant cholinergic innervation. Cellular and tissue-level electrophysiological mapping and ablation studies demonstrate interconnected ganglia with synaptic convergence within the RAGP to modulate SAN automaticity, atrioventricular conduction, and left ventricular contractility. Using this approach, we comprehensively demonstrate that intrinsic cardiac neurons influence the pacemaking site in the heart. Conclusions: This report provides an experimental demonstration of a discrete neuronal population controlling a specific geographic region of the heart (SAN) that can serve as a framework for further exploration of other parts of the intrinsic cardiac nervous system (ICNS) in mammalian hearts and for developing targeted therapies.
3D printing of chemical-empowered tendon stem/progenitor cells for functional tissue repair
Authors: Yanjie Zhang, Tingyun Lei, Chenqi Tang, Yangwu Chen, Youguo Liao, Wei Ju, Hong Zhang, Bo Zhou, Renjie Liang, Tao Zhang, Chunmei Fan, Xiaoyi Chen, Yanyan Zhao, Yuanhao Xie, Jinchun Ye, Boon Chin Heng, Xiao Chen, Yi Hong, Weiliang Shen, Zi Yin
Journal: Biomaterials (2021)
Abstract PS13-15: Impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on breast reconstruction - systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jajini Susan Varghese, Shireen Gohari, Michael Shawky, Faith Hyun, Laura Johnson, Peter Schmid
Journal: Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract BackgroundImpact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) on breast reconstruction outcomes remain unclear. We did a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of NACT on post-operative complications and delay to adjuvant therapy among women undergoing immediate breast reconstruction. MethodsIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched medical databases from inception of this technique to May 2, 2020 to identify articles that assessed the impact of NACT on separate techniques of immediate breast reconstruction. Studies reporting on at least one of our pre-defined major post-operative complications were included. Study authors were contacted for individual patient-level data which was not available. Study quality and risk of bias are reported through NOS Scores and GRADE table. PROSPERO registration CRD42020183761. FindingsOf 477 identified articles, 17 studies (3249 patients) were eligible for inclusion. NACT did not increase the risk of overall complications after immediate breast reconstructions RR: 0.91(95% CI 0.74 to 1.11, p = 0.34). There was no large increase in flap losses (total and partial) in patients receiving NACT compared to control group (RR:1.23, 95% CI 0.70 to 2.18, p = 0.47; I2 = 0%). There was however, some evidence of increased risk of implant/expander loss after NACT treatment (RR:1.50, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.20, p = 0.04; I2 = 34%). NACT treatment was not associated with increase in haematomas, seromas or wound complications or significant delay to adjuvant therapy access; RR:1.59, 95% CI 0.66 to 3.87, p = 0.30 InterpretationImmediate breast reconstruction after treatment with NACT remains a safe procedure. Careful patient selection may play a bigger role when planning implant-based reconstructions after NACT. FundingNone. Citation Format: Jajini Susan Varghese, Shireen Gohari, Michael Shawky, Faith Hyun, Laura Johnson, Peter Schmid. Impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on breast reconstruction - systematic review and meta-analysis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2020 San Antonio Breast Cancer Virtual Symposium; 2020 Dec 8-11; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PS13-15.
Allergen immunotherapy: The growing role of observational and randomized trial “Real‐World Evidence”
Authors: Giovanni Paoletti, Danilo Di Bona, Derek K. Chu, Davide Firinu, Enrico Heffler, Ioana Agache, Marek Jutel, Ludger Klimek, Oliver Pfaar, Ralph Mösges, Audrey DunnGalvin, Jon Genuneit, Hans Jürgen Hoffmann, Giorgio Walter Canonica
Journal: Allergy (2021)

Abstract Background Although there is a considerable body of knowledge about allergen immunotherapy (AIT), there is a lack of data on the reliability of real‐world evidence (RWE) in AIT, and consequently, a lack of information on how AIT effectively works in real life. Methods To address the current unmet need for an appraisal of the quality of RWE in AIT, the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Methodology Committee recently initiated a systematic review of observational studies of AIT, which will use the RELEVANT tool and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach (GRADE) to rate the quality of the evidence base as a whole. The next step will be to develop a broadly applicable, pragmatic “real‐world” database using systematic data collection. Based on the current RWE base, and perspectives and recommendations of authorities and scientific societies, a hierarchy of RWE in AIT is proposed, which places pragmatic trials and registry data at the positions of highest level of evidence. Key Results There is a need to establish more AIT registries that collect data in a cohesive way, using standardized protocols. Conclusions This will provide an essential source of real‐world data that can be easily shared, promoting evidence‐based research and quality improvement in study design and clinical decision‐making.
Abstract 11939: Validation of Non-invasive Cardiac System (NICaS) Derived Stroke Volume With Cardiac Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Pedram Hassan-Tash, Umar Ismail, Gurkirat Chana, Iain Kirkpatrick, Davinder S Jassal, Brett Hiebert, Amir Ravandi, Malek Kass, Ashish H Shah
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Assessment of cardiac output (CO), a product of stroke volume (SV) and heart rate, plays an important role in the management of critically ill patients. Currently, these hemodynamic p...
Abstract 16024: High Frequency Driving Sites are Anchored by Fibrotic Regions in Chronic Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Nathan A Angel, Eugene Kholmovski, Derek J Dosdall, Rob S MacLeod, Nassir Marrouche, Ravi Ranjan
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Stable high frequency sources and rotors have been described to drive episodes of atrial fibrillation (AF) but the mechanism for their stability is unknown. We used a chronic animal model of AF to test the hypothesis that fibrosis anchors sites of high frequency activation during AF, which may drive the arrhythmia.. Methods: Endocardial electrograms were measured with a Constellation catheter (Boston Scientific) placed in the left atrium (LA) of chronic AF dogs (n=6) (AF &gt; 12 months). An EnSite (St. Jude) geometric shell was then fused with a LA wall created by segmenting a high resolution T1 Mapping MRI. Regions with the lowest 10% T1 in the LA wall, used as a surrogate measure of fibrosis, were included on the LA wall segmentation. Fibrosis densities were calculated from histology and correlated with T1 Mapping MRI. Electrograms recorded during AF were processed to determine the dominant frequency (DFs) at each recording site. A probability map with the highest 10% DF value for each minute of AF at each of the sites was created to determine the stability of the DF during the 30 min AF episode. Results: Each AF animal had at least one site of high DF which was stable for at least 22.5 (75%) of a 30-minute AF episode and 82% of the high DF sites stabilized within 2 mm of a region of fibrosis (chi square test, p &lt; 0.05). The mean DF was 8.5±1.2 Hz and the highest DF sites showed an average DF of 10.3±1.1 Hz. The region of T1 Mapping MRI detected fibrosis of the LA wall had an average value of 283±32 ms whereas the rest of the LA had an average value of 463±79 ms. Histology confirmed that that T1 Mapping MRI detected fibrosis had more fibrosis than other LA regions. (25±1% vs. 13±2%). Conclusions: Fibrosis developed during chronic AF may provide a substrate that anchors sites of high DF. Cardiac T1 Mapping MRI provides a means to determine such fibrotic sites noninvasively. Ablating these sites may reduce the stability of these high frequency sources and eliminate the drivers of persistent AF.
The SimpliciT1 Study: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 1b/2 Adaptive Study of TTP399, a Hepatoselective Glucokinase Activator, for Adjunctive Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Klara R. Klein, Jennifer L.R. Freeman, Imogene Dunn, Chris Dvergsten, M. Sue Kirkman, John B. Buse, Carmen Valcarce, John B. Buse, Klara R. Klein, M. Sue Kirkman, Katherine A. Bergamo, Elizabeth H. Harris, Jean M. Dostou, Laura A. Young, Sriram Machineni, Alex M. Kass, Jamie C. Diner, Milana Dezube, Virginia C. Purrington, Julie M. Uehling, Rachael M. Fraser, Katherine R. Schuch, Jennifer V. Rowell, Ali Qamar, K. Jean Lucas, Luke Snedaker, Stephanie Hoover, Justin Smith, Paul Becton, Jeffrey Hainsworth, Timothy S. Bailey, Juan Pablo Garcia-Naranjo, Niki Nguyen, Bruce W. Bode, Jennifer M. Boyd, Betsy Childs, Pablo Mora, Allison Camacho, Carl D. Vance, Karen Lugo, Anuj Bhargava, Kirstie Stifel, Lisa B. Connery, Birjis Khan, Simone D. Smith, John Parker, Kathryn Zweier, Emily Kronenfeld, Brittany Savoca, Viral N. Shah, Prakriti Joshee, Shivani Dixit, Hal Joseph, Halis Kaan Akturk, Subbulaxami Trikudanathan, Dori Khakpour, Julia Chang, Anne Peters, Pejman Cohan, Mark Harmel, Wendy S . Lane
Journal: Diabetes Care (2021)

OBJECTIVE Despite advances in exogenous insulin therapy, many patients with type 1 diabetes do not achieve acceptable glycemic control and remain at risk for ketosis and insulin-induced hypoglycemia. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to determine whether TTP399, a novel hepatoselective glucokinase activator, improved glycemic control in people with type 1 diabetes without increasing hypoglycemia or ketosis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS SimpliciT1 was a phase 1b/2 adaptive study. Phase 2 activities were conducted in two parts. Part 1 randomly assigned 20 participants using continuous glucose monitors and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). Part 2 randomly assigned 85 participants receiving multiple daily injections of insulin or CSII. In both parts 1 and 2, participants were randomly assigned to 800 mg TTP399 or matched placebo (fully blinded) and treated for 12 weeks. The primary end point was change in HbA1c from baseline to week 12. RESULTS The difference in change in HbA1c from baseline to week 12 between TTP399 and placebo was −0.7% (95% CI −1.3, −0.07) in part 1 and −0.21% (95% CI −0.39, −0.04) in part 2. Despite a greater decrease in HbA1c with TTP399, the frequency of severe or symptomatic hypoglycemia decreased by 40% relative to placebo in part 2. In both parts 1 and 2, plasma β-hydroxybutyrate and urinary ketones were lower during treatment with TTP399 than placebo. CONCLUSIONS TTP399 lowers HbA1c and reduces hypoglycemia without increasing the risk of ketosis and should be further evaluated as an adjunctive therapy for the treatment of type 1 diabetes.
Covid-19 in Africa
Authors: John Tembo, Kwitaka Maluzi, Franklyn Egbe, Matthew Bates
Journal: BMJ (2021)

<h3>Introduction</h3> This study examines the feasibility of conducting diabetes-focused cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT) via a secure online real-time instant messaging system intervention to support self-management and improve glycemic control in people with type 1 diabetes. <h3>Research design and methods</h3> We used a pre–post uncontrolled intervention design over 12 months. We recruited adults with type 1 diabetes and suboptimal glycemic control (HbA1c ≥69 mmol/mol (DCCT 8.5%) for 12 months) across four hospitals in London. The intervention comprised 10 sessions of diabetes-focused CBT delivered by diabetes specialist nurses. The primary outcomes were number of eligible patients, rates of recruitment and follow-up, number of sessions completed and SD of the main outcome measure, change in HbA1c over 12 months. We measured the feasibility of collecting secondary outcomes, that is, depression measured using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), anxiety measured Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and the Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS). <h3>Results</h3> We screened 3177 patients, of whom 638 were potentially eligible, from whom 71 (11.1%) were recruited. The mean age was 28.1 (13.1) years, and the mean HbA1c was 84.6 mmol/mol (17.8), DCCT 9.9%. Forty-six (65%) patients had at least 1 session and 29 (41%) completed all sessions. There was a significant reduction in HbA1c over 12 months (mean difference −6.2 (2.3) mmol/mol, DCCT 0.6%, p=0.038). The change scores in PHQ-9, GAD and DDS also improved. <h3>Conclusions</h3> It would be feasible to conduct a full-scale text-based synchronized real-time diabetes-focused CBT as an efficacy randomized controlled trial.
Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study
Authors: Sonia O. Labeau, Elsa Afonso, Julie Benbenishty, Bronagh Blackwood, Carole Boulanger, Stephen J. Brett, Silvia Calvino-Gunther, Wendy Chaboyer, Fiona Coyer, Mieke Deschepper, Guy François, Patrick M. Honore, Radmilo Jankovic, Ashish K. Khanna, Mireia Llaurado-Serra, Frances Lin, Louise Rose, Francesca Rubulotta, Leif Saager, Ged Williams, Stijn I. Blot
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2021)

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake.
Ferric Carboxymaltose in Iron Deficient Patients Admitted for Acute Heart Failure
Authors: Piotr Ponikowski, Stefan D. Anker, Bridget-Anne Kirwan, Dorobantu Maria, Jaroslaw Drozdz, Vincent Fabien, Gerasimos Filippatos, Tim Friede, Udo-Michael Goehring, Andre Keren, Irakli Khintibidze, Hans Kragten, Felipe A. Martinez, Theresa Mcdonagh, Marco Metra, Davor Milicic, Jose C. Nicolau, Marcus Ohlsson, Alexander Parhomenko, Domingo Pascual Figal, Frank Ruschitzka, David Sim, Hadi Skouri, Peter D. Van der Meer, Ewa A. Jankowska
Journal: Circulation (2020)
Global and Targeted RNA-Sequencing Assessment of Cancer Testis Antigen Re-Expression Following Azacitidine in Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Authors: Ana M Hurtado, Tzu Hua Chen-Liang, Joaquín Panadero, Eduardo José Salido, Victor Beltrán, Begoña Muiña, Noelia Navarro-Villamor, Inés Calabria, Ana Isabel Antón, Andres Jerez
Journal: Blood (2017)
Excess mortality in Wuhan city and other parts of China during the three months of the covid-19 outbreak: findings from nationwide mortality registries
Authors: Jiangmei Liu, Lan Zhang, Yaqiong Yan, Yuchang Zhou, Peng Yin, Jinlei Qi, Lijun Wang, Jingju Pan, Jinling You, Jing Yang, Zhenping Zhao, Wei Wang, Yunning Liu, Lin Lin, Jing Wu, Xinhua Li, Zhengming Chen, Maigeng Zhou
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Abstract Objective To assess excess all cause and cause specific mortality during the three months (1 January to 31 March 2020) of the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) outbreak in Wuhan city and other parts of China. Design Nationwide mortality registries. Setting 605 urban districts and rural counties in China’s nationally representative Disease Surveillance Point (DSP) system. Participants More than 300 million people of all ages. Main outcome measures Observed overall and weekly mortality rates from all cause and cause specific diseases for three months (1 January to 31 March 2020) of the covid-19 outbreak compared with the predicted (or mean rates for 2015-19) in different areas to yield rate ratio. Results The DSP system recorded 580 819 deaths from January to March 2020. In Wuhan DSP districts (n=3), the observed total mortality rate was 56% (rate ratio 1.56, 95% confidence interval 1.33 to 1.87) higher than the predicted rate (1147 v 735 per 100 000), chiefly as a result of an eightfold increase in deaths from pneumonia (n=1682; 275 v 33 per 100 000; 8.32, 5.19 to 17.02), mainly covid-19 related, but a more modest increase in deaths from certain other diseases, including cardiovascular disease (n=2347; 408 v 316 per 100 000; 1.29, 1.05 to 1.65) and diabetes (n=262; 46 v 25 per 100 000; 1.83, 1.08 to 4.37). In Wuhan city (n=13 districts), 5954 additional (4573 pneumonia) deaths occurred in 2020 compared with 2019, with excess risks greater in central than in suburban districts (50% v 15%). In other parts of Hubei province (n=19 DSP areas), the observed mortality rates from pneumonia and chronic respiratory diseases were non-significantly 28% and 23% lower than the predicted rates, despite excess deaths from covid-19 related pneumonia. Outside Hubei (n=583 DSP areas), the observed total mortality rate was non-significantly lower than the predicted rate (675 v 715 per 100 000), with significantly lower death rates from pneumonia (0.53, 0.46 to 0.63), chronic respiratory diseases (0.82, 0.71 to 0.96), and road traffic incidents (0.77, 0.68 to 0.88). Conclusions Except in Wuhan, no increase in overall mortality was found during the three months of the covid-19 outbreak in other parts of China. The lower death rates from certain non-covid-19 related diseases might be attributable to the associated behaviour changes during lockdown.