tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Multiplexing studies of effects of rapid atrial pacing on the area of slow conduction during atrial flutter in canine pericarditis model.
Authors: AShimizu, ANozaki, YRudy, A LWaldo
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDWe report that rapid atrial pacing interrupts atrial flutter when the orthodromic wave front from the pacing impulse is blocked in an area of slow conduction in the reentry circuit. To characterize the area of slow conduction during atrial flutter and rapid pacing, we studied 11 episodes of induced atrial flutter, mean cycle length 157 +/- 20 msec, in eight dogs with sterile pericarditis.METHODS AND RESULTSAtrial electrograms were recorded simultaneously from 95 pairs of right atrial electrodes during the interruption of atrial flutter by rapid atrial pacing, mean cycle length 139 +/- 21 msec. Areas of slow conduction during atrial flutter were demonstrated at one to three sites in the reentry circuit. After rapid pacing captured the reentry circuit, one area of slow conduction either disappeared (10 episodes) or the degree of slow conduction in an area of slow conduction decreased (one episode). Both changes were in association with activation of the region by a wave front from the pacing impul...
Laparoscopic Versus Eus-Guided Gastroenterostomy For Gastric Outlet Obstruction: An International Multicenter Propensity Score-Matched Comparison
Authors: M Bronswijk, G Vanella, H van Malenstein, W Laleman, J Jaekers, B Topal, F Daams, MG Besselink, PG Arcidiacono, RP Voermans, P Fockens, A Larghi, RL van Wanrooij, S van der Merwe
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims In the management of gastric outlet obstruction (GOO), EUS-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE) seems safe and more effective than enteral stenting. However, comparisons to laparoscopic gastroenterostomy (L-GE) are scarce. Our aim was to perform a propensity score-matched comparison between EUS-GE and L-GE.
Risk of new myocardial infarction in middle-aged men with manifest coronary heart disease.
Authors: C DJenkins, S JZyzanski, R HRosenman
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Men incuring coronary heart disease (CHD) during surveillance of an employed population were studied for risk factors associated with additional myocardial infarctions. The coronary-prone Type A behavior pattern measured by a test score, number of cigarettes smoked daily, and serum cholesterol were significantdiscriminators between the 67 men with recurrent CHD and the 220 with but a single clinical CHD event. Diastolic blood pressure and fasting serum triglycerides were not significant discriminators. Statistical analyses directed to possible sources of bias occasioned by the combined retrospective-prospective study design revealed that these problems are negligible and do not alter the findings observed. Type A score appears relatively unaffected by whether the measure was made before or after the initial CHD event. Multivariable discriminant function equations showed Type A score to be the strongest single predictor of recurrent CHD among the variables available. Number of cigarettes smoked and serum c...
Chronic changes in skeletal muscle histology and function in peripheral arterial disease.
Authors: J GRegensteiner, E EWolfel, E PBrass, M RCarry, S PRingel, M EHargarten, E RStamm, W RHiatt
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDPeripheral arterial disease (PAD) is associated with an impairment in exercise performance and muscle function that is not fully explained by the reduced leg blood flow during exercise. This study characterized the effects of PAD on muscle function, histology, and metabolism.METHODS AND RESULTSTwenty-six patients with PAD and six age-matched control subjects were studied. Ten of the PAD patients had unilateral disease, which permitted paired comparisons between their diseased and nonsymptomatic legs. All PAD patients had a lower peak treadmill walking time and peak oxygen consumption than controls. Vascular disease (diseased leg in unilateral patients and the most severely diseased leg in bilateral patients) was associated with decreased calf muscle strength compared with control values. In patients with unilateral disease, the diseased legs had a greater percentage of angular fibers (indicating chronic denervation) and a decreased type II fiber cross-sectional area (expressed as percent of tota...
Visualization of subendocardial myocardial ischemia with myocardial contrast echocardiography in humans.
Authors: Y JLim, SNanto, TMasuyama, KKodama, TIkeda, AKitabatake, TKamada
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Previous studies indicate the degree of myocardial echo contrast enhancement may be related to regional myocardial perfusion. In this study, myocardial contrast echocardiography was used to characterize changes in the transmural myocardial blood flow distribution that were provoked by rapid atrial pacing in 11 patients with one-vessel coronary artery disease. Ten patients without coronary artery disease served as controls. Myocardial contrast echocardiography was performed by intracoronary injection of 2 ml hand-agitated amidotrizoate sodium meglumine (Urografin-76) and by imaging a short-axis view of the left ventricle with two-dimensional echocardiography before and during injection of the contrast agent. The two-dimensional echocardiographic images at end diastole, before and after injection of the contrast agent, were digitized off-line into a 512 x 512 pixel matrix with 256 gray levels/pixel to quantify the degree of the enhancement of the peak gray level after injection. Transmural myocardial blood ...
Correlation between cellular rejection of cardiac allografts and quantitative changes among T-cell subsets identified by V beta epitope expression.
Authors: J FCarlquist, M EHammond, R LYowell, CHolland, SSwanson, J LAnderson
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDCellular rejection of an allograft is mediated in part by peripheral blood T cells. We tested the hypothesis that quantitative changes in T-cell subsets can be detected in the peripheral blood and that these changes correlate with rejection.METHODS AND RESULTST-cell subset analysis was performed by flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies recognizing six isotypic epitopes of the T-cell receptor beta-chain variable (V) region. These analyses were done at 7-day (mean) time intervals. Fluctuations within a given subset were determined by dividing the number of positive cells observed by the number of positive cells found on the previous analysis. For healthy volunteers observed over a period of 30 days, 119 of 120 subset ratios (99.2%) fell between 0.5 and 2.0. For patients, 57 of 240 subset ratios (23.8%) fell outside of this range (P < .004, chi 2). The occurrence of the abnormal ratios coincided more closely with cellular rejection (mean +/- SD, 7.7 +/- 6.2 days from a positive biopsy; median,...
ERCP In Management Of Congenital Biliary Dilatation In Adults
Authors: A Taiymi, N El Moutaouakkil, I Kamaoui, A El Mekkaoui, G Kharrasse, A Zazour, Z Ismaili, W Khannoussi
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Methods A retrospective descriptive study, including all adult patients presenting with CBD for a period of 4 years (March 2016- July 2020). Data regarding clinical presentation, investigations and management were analysed by SPSS.The type of cyst was classified according to Todani classification. All ERCP indications were validated in a multidisciplinary meeting.
Cancer-activated doxorubicin prodrug nanoparticles induce preferential immune response with minimal doxorubicin-related toxicity
Authors: Suah Yang, Man Kyu Shim, Woo Jun Kim, Jiwoong Choi, Gi-Hoon Nam, Jeongrae Kim, Jinseong Kim, Yujeong Moon, Han Young Kim, Jooho Park, Yoon Park, In-San Kim, Ju Hee Ryu, Kwangmeyung Kim
Journal: Biomaterials (2021)
Effectiveness, Safety and Feasibility of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: A Prospective Western Experience Looking To East
Authors: s sferrazza, M Maida, L Fuccio, F Vieceli, N de Pretis, A Iori, K Faitini, E Tasini, F Armelao, R Maselli, A Repici, G de Pretis
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) allows en-bloc resection of superficial gastrointestinal neoplasms, which has implications for complete excision, recurrence and pathological analysis. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness, safety and feasibility of ESD as a treatment for gastrointestinal lesions in a western cohort.
TCTAP A-054 Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Nonagenarians: A Single Operator Experience
Authors: Harinder K. Bali, Amreen Dhindsa, Kapil K. Chattree, Gagandip Singh, Navdeep Singh Sidhu, Fazal Karim, Surinder Bali, Hiteshi K.C. Chauhan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
In situ analysis of alpha-adrenoceptors on arteriolar and venular smooth muscle in rat skeletal muscle microcirculation.
Authors: J EFaber
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

The purpose of this study was to determine whether both alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenergic receptors exist on vascular smooth muscle of microvessels and whether adrenergic constriction of anatomically distinct microvascular segments is differentially subserved by either receptor subtype. The cremaster skeletal muscle of anesthetized rats was acutely denervated and suspended in a Krebs bath containing cocaine, normetanephrine, and propranolol to block uptake1, uptake2, and beta-receptors, respectively. Intravital microscopy was used to study large distributing arterioles (mean diameter, 100 microns), small precapillary arterioles (25 microns), and capacitance venules (140 microns). Concentration-response (diameter change) curves were obtained for bath-added agonists norepinephrine (mixed alpha 1/alpha 2), phenylephrine (alpha 1), and B-HT 933 (alpha 2) in the absence or presence of antagonists prazosin (alpha 1) and yohimbine (alpha 2). Apparent pD2(-log ED50) values for large arterioles and venules were, res...
Single cardiac vagal fiber activity, acute myocardial ischemia, and risk for sudden death.
Authors: DCerati, P JSchwartz
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Experimental and clinical evidence indicates that high risk for sudden death is significantly correlated with post-myocardial infarction depression in two markers of vagal activity, heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity. The present experiments were designed to answer some of the questions generated by those findings. In 33 anesthetized cats, the neural activity of single cardiac vagal efferent fibers was recorded in control conditions and after injection of phenylephrine (n = 33), before and during a 1-hour coronary artery occlusion (CAO) (n = 17), and before and after removal of the left stellate ganglion (n = 16). In the first minute after CAO, vagal activity increased by 35% from 1.66 +/- 0.37 to 2.57 +/- 0.62 impulses/sec (p less than 0.01); despite a slight decline, it remained for the entire CAO above the control values, to which it returned after CAO release. Of 17 cats, ventricular fibrillation occurred in nine (susceptible) and eight survived (resistant). Resistant and susceptible ...
The [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose method for the measurement of local cerebral glucose utilization in man.
Authors: MReivich, DKuhl, AWolf, JGreenberg, MPhelps, TIdo, VCasella, JFowler, EHoffman, AAlavi, PSom, LSokoloff
Journal: Circulation Research (1979)

A method has been developed to measure local glucose consumption in the various structures of the brain in man with three-dimensional resolution. [18F]-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose is used as a tracer for the exchange of glucose between plasma and brain and its phosphorylation by hexokinase in the tissue. A mathematical model and derived operational equation are used which enable local cerebral glucose consumption to be calculated in terms of the following measurable variables. An intravenous bolus of [18F]-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose is given and the arterial specific activity monitored for a predetermined period of from 30 to 120 minutes. Starting at 30 minutes, the activity in a series of sections through the brain is determined with three-dimensional resolution by an emission tomographic scanner. The method was used to measure local cerebral glucose consumption in two normal volunteers. The values in gray matter structures range from 5.79 mg/100 g per minute in the cerebellar cortex to 10.27 in the visua...
Mechanistic Rationales Guiding Combination Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapies Involving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Jacinth Wing‐Sum Cheu, Carmen Chak‐Lui Wong
Journal: Hepatology (2021)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers because of late symptom manifestation leading to delayed diagnosis, which limits patients with HCC in terms of receiving curative surgical treatment. There are only a few therapeutic options for patients with advanced HCC. The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) brings HCC treatment to a stage at which nivolumab, an anti-programmed cell death protein 1 monoclonal antibody, achieves a 20% response rate. However, the large proportion of unresponsive patients drives the exploration of therapeutic strategies to improve ICIs' efficacy. Recent preclinical and clinical studies have suggested that ICIs, when used in combinations or when used with other cancer therapies, might elicit synergistic antitumor effects. However, the mechanistic rationales guiding different drug combinations to maximize this synergy remain largely ambiguous. In this review, we discuss different drug combinations used in HCC and the underlying mechanistic rationales, aiming to enhance the understanding of how these treatments can achieve synergy. This knowledge sets the foundation for the development of more effective and promising combination therapies for HCC.
Alteration of the cytosolic-mitochondrial distribution of high-energy phosphates during global myocardial ischemia may contribute to early contractile failure.
Authors: URauch, KSchulze, BWitzenbichler, H PSchultheiss
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

Depending on its duration, temporary myocardial ischemia leads to a disturbance of myocardial function before irreversible cellular necrosis is developed. Mechanical, electrical, and metabolic disturbances were suggested to be possible mechanisms accounting for the altered mechanical performance in ischemic hearts. To further investigate the alteration of myocardial energy metabolism on the subcellular level, we determined, by means of nonaqueous fractionation, the cytosolic-mitochondrial distribution of high-energy phosphates and other metabolites (ATP, ADP, phosphocreatine, creatine, and inorganic phosphate) in ischemic (zero-flow) guinea pig hearts after isolated perfused working heart preparation. Additional experiments using 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were performed to determine pHi and [Mg2+]i changes during global ischemia. The total ATP content of myocardial tissue dropped only slowly to 76% of control ATP at 10 minutes and to 51% at 30 minutes and reached almost zero at 60 minute...
The relationship of education to blood pressure: findings on 40,000 employed Chicagoans.
Authors: A RDyer, JStamler, R BShekelle, JSchoenberger
Journal: Circulation (1976)

The relationship of education to both actual blood pressure and the prevalence of high blood pressure, based on a systolic pressure of 160 mm Hg or greater or a diastolic pressure of 95 mm Hg or greater, was analyzed among 27,033 men and women, white and black, age 25-44 and 45-64, from the Chicago Heart Association Detection Project in Industry. The educational status of each individual was categorized as not a high school graduate, high school graduate, some college, or college graduate. A statistically significant inverse association between education and high blood pressure was present in all groups of whites. This association could not be accounted  by differences in age, relative weight, and heart rate among the educational strata. Controlling for these variables did, however, lessen the association. Among black males a significant inverse association between education level and blood pressure was found for the younger group. For the older black males there was a clear inverse association altho...
Pulmonary vasodilator activity of prostacyclin (PGI2) in the cat.
Authors: A LHyman, P JKadowitz
Journal: Circulation Research (1979)

We studied the pulmonary vascular effects of prostacylin, PGI2, in the cat with intact chest under conditions of controlled blood flow. Intralobar injections of PGI2, 0.03--1 microgram, decreased arterial pressure in the perfused lobe in a dose-dependent manner. Inasmuch as lobar blood flow was held constant and left artrial pressure was unchanged, the fall in lobar arterial pressure reflects a decrease in lobar vascular resistance. Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and nitroglycerin also decreased lobar arterial pressure; however, PGI2 had greater vasodilator activity than did these substances. Vasodilator responses to PGI2, PGE1, and nitroglycerin in absolute terms were dependent on the baseline level of tone in the pulmonary vascular bed. Prostacyclin reversed the hypertensive and platelet aggregating effects of ADP in the lobar vascular bed. These data indicate that PGI2 has significant vasodilator activity in the feline pulmonary lobar vascular bed.
Mutational landscape of gray zone lymphoma
Authors: Clémentine Sarkozy, Stacy S. Hung, Elizabeth A. Chavez, Gerben Duns, Katsuyoshi Takata, Lauren C. Chong, Tomohiro Aoki, Aixiang Jiang, Tomoko Miyata-Takata, Adèle Telenius, Graham W. Slack, Thierry Jo Molina, Susana Ben-Neriah, Pedro Farinha, Peggy Dartigues, Diane Damotte, Anja Mottok, Gilles A. Salles, Rene-Olivier Casasnovas, Kerry J. Savage, Camille Laurent, David W. Scott, Alexandra Traverse-Glehen, Christian Steidl
Journal: Blood (2020)
Evidence for transient linking of atrial excitation during atrial fibrillation in humans.
Authors: E PGerstenfeld, A VSahakian, SSwiryn
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDAtrial fibrillation is usually thought of as a random pattern of circulating wavelets. However, local atrial activation should be influenced by the constant anatomy and receding tail of refractoriness from the previous activation. The general tendency for wave fronts to follow paths of previous excitation has been termed linking. We examined intra-atrial electrograms recorded during atrial fibrillation for evidence of linking.METHODS AND RESULTSTwo minutes of atrial fibrillation were recorded in 15 patients with an orthogonal catheter. We have previously demonstrated that this catheter can be used to detect changes in the direction of local atrial activation. A mean vector was calculated for each electrogram. The similarity of the direction of the vectors from two consecutive electrograms can be quantified on a scale of 1 to -1 by calculating the cosine (cos) of the smallest angle (theta) between them. Two vectors pointing in the same or opposite directions then have cos(theta) = 1 or -1, re...
Effect of acutely increased right ventricular afterload on work output from the left ventricle in conscious dogs. Systolic ventricular interaction.
Authors: M PFeneley, C OOlsen, D DGlower, J SRankin
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

In seven conscious, chronically instrumented dogs, left ventricular volume was calculated with an ellipsoidal model from the anteroposterior, septal-free wall, and base-to-apex left ventricular dimensions, measured by implanted ultrasonic transducers. Matched micromanometers measured left and right ventricular transmural and transseptal pressures. Ventricular pressures and volumes were varied by inflation of implanted vena caval and pulmonary arterial occluders. When compared with vena caval occlusion at matched left ventricular end-diastolic volumes, graded pulmonary arterial occlusions were associated with higher right ventricular systolic pressures, reduced left-to-right transseptal systolic pressure gradients, and leftward systolic septal displacement, with increased septal-free wall segment shortening (all p less than 0.05). Graded pulmonary arterial occlusions, like vena caval occlusions, reduced left ventricular end-diastolic volume, but left ventricular stroke work at a given end-diastolic volume ...
Changes in Mammography Use by Women’s Characteristics During the First 5 Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Brian L Sprague, Kathryn P Lowry, Diana L Miglioretti, Nila Alsheik, Erin J A Bowles, Anna N A Tosteson, Garth Rauscher, Sally D Herschorn, Janie M Lee, Amy Trentham-Dietz, Donald L Weaver, Natasha K Stout, Karla Kerlikowske
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2021)

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to a near-total cessation of mammography services in the United States in mid-March 2020. It is unclear if screening and diagnostic mammography volumes have recovered to prepandemic levels and whether use has varied by women's characteristics.We collected data on 461 083 screening mammograms and 112 207 diagnostic mammograms conducted during January 2019 through July 2020 at 62 radiology facilities in the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium. We compared monthly screening and diagnostic mammography volumes before and during the pandemic stratified by age, race and ethnicity, breast density, and family history of breast cancer.Screening and diagnostic mammography volumes in April 2020 were 1.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.5% to 2.4%) and 21.4% (95% CI = 18.7% to 24.4%) of the April 2019 prepandemic volumes, respectively, but by July 2020 had rebounded to 89.7% (95% CI = 79.6% to 101.1%) and 101.6% (95% CI = 93.8% to 110.1%) of the July 2019 prepandemic volumes, respectively. The year-to-date cumulative volume of screening and diagnostic mammograms performed through July 2020 was 66.2% (95% CI = 60.3% to 72.6%) and 79.9% (95% CI = 75.4% to 84.6%), respectively, of year-to-date volume through July 2019. Screening mammography rebound was similar across age groups and by family history of breast cancer. Monthly screening mammography volume in July 2020 for Black, White, Hispanic, and Asian women reached 96.7% (95% CI = 88.1% to 106.1%), 92.9% (95% CI = 82.9% to 104.0%), 72.7% (95% CI = 56.5% to 93.6%), and 51.3% (95% CI = 39.7% to 66.2%) of the July 2019 prepandemic volume, respectively.Despite a strong overall rebound in mammography volume by July 2020, the rebound lagged among Asian and Hispanic women, and a substantial cumulative deficit in missed mammograms accumulated, which may have important health consequences.
Changes in cellular Na+, K+, and Ca2+ contents, monovalent cation transport rate, and contractile state during washout of cardiac glycosides from cultured chick heart cells.
Authors: W HBarry, SBiedert, D SMiura, T WSmith
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

To delineate more clearly the importance of altered monovalent cation transport rate in the mediation of the positive inotropic effects of cardiac glycosides, we studied changes in the contractile state and rate of uptake of K+ and Rb+ by monolayer cultures of chick embryo ventricular cells during exposure to and washout of ouabain and dihydro-ouabain. These cardiac glycosides produced a positive inotropic effect in this system, accompanied by a significant reduction in monovalent cation transport rate, by increases in cellular contents of Na+ and Ca2+, and by a decrease in cellular content of K+ as judged by radioisotopic tracer studies. Following removal of glycosides from media bathing the cultures, monovalent cation transport rate returned to normal within 1 minute, followed by a loss of inotropy which was complete by 7 minutes, a time at which cellular [Ca2+] had returned to normal. The bulk cellular concentration of Na+ remained increased, however, and that of K+ depressed for longer periods. Veratr...
Re: Italian randomized trial among women with hysterectomy: Tamoxifen and hormone-dependent breast cancer in high-risk women (multiple letters) [1]
Authors: Rupa Narasimhadevara, Michael N. Pollak, William D. Foulkes, Sylvie Ménard, Patrizia Casalini, Elda Tagliabue, Serenella M. Pupa, Andrea Balsari, Umberto Veronesi, Patrick Maisonneuve, Nicole Rotmensz, Andrea Decensi, Giuseppe Viale, Peter Boyle
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2003)