tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Detection and Monitoring of Viral Infections via Wearable Devices and Biometric Data
Authors: Craig J. Goergen, MacKenzie J. Tweardy, Steven R. Steinhubl, Stephan W. Wegerich, Karnika Singh, Rebecca J. Mieloszyk, Jessilyn Dunn
Journal: Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering (2021)

Mounting clinical evidence suggests that viral infections can lead to detectable changes in an individual's normal physiologic and behavioral metrics, including heart and respiration rates, heart rate variability, temperature, activity, and sleep prior to symptom onset, potentially even in asymptomatic individuals. While the ability of wearable devices to detect viral infections in a real-world setting has yet to be proven, multiple recent studies have established that individual, continuous data from a range of biometric monitoring technologies can be easily acquired and that through the use of machine learning techniques, physiological signals and warning signs can be identified. In this review, we highlight the existing knowledge base supporting the potential for widespread implementation of biometric data to address existing gaps in the diagnosis and treatment of viral illnesses, with a particular focus on the many important lessons learned from the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
Effective CD4 T cell priming requires repertoire scanning by CD301b <sup>+</sup> migratory cDC2 cells upon lymph node entry
Authors: Naoya Tatsumi, Alicia L. Codrington, Jihad El-Fenej, Varoon Phondge, Yosuke Kumamoto
Journal: Science Immunology (2021)

During the initiation of adaptive immune responses, millions of lymphocytes must be scanned to find the few cognate clones. The activation mechanisms of CD4 T cells have been extensively studied, but the cellular mechanisms that drive selection of cognate clones are not completely understood. Here, we show that recently homed naïve polyclonal CD4 T cells are temporarily retained before leaving the lymph node. This stop-and-go traffic of CD4 T cells provides an adequate time window for efficient scanning and timely priming of antigen-specific cognate clones. CD301b+ DCs, a major subset of migratory cDC2 cells, localize to the areas around high endothelial venules, where they retain incoming polyclonal CD4 T cells through MHCII-dependent but antigen-independent mechanisms, while concurrently providing cognate stimuli for priming. These results indicate that CD301b+ DCs function as an immunological “display window” for CD4 T cells to efficiently scan their antigen specificity.
Increasing Financial Payments From Industry to Medical Oncologists in the United States, 2014–2017
Authors: Mohammed W. Rahman, Niti U. Trivedi, Peter B. Bach, Aaron P. Mitchell
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2021)

Background: Personal payments from the pharmaceutical industry to US physicians are common and are associated with changes in physicians’ clinical practice and interpretation of clinical trial results. We assessed temporal trends in industry payments to oncologists, with particular emphasis on payments to authors of oncology clinical practice guideline and on payments related to immunotherapy drugs. Methods: We included US physicians with active National Plan and Provider Enumeration System records and demographic data available in the Centers for Medicare &amp; Medicaid Services Physician Compare system who had a specialty type of medical oncology or general internal medicine. Medical oncologists serving on NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) Panels were identified manually. Industry payments, and the subset associated with PD-1/PD-L1 drugs, were identified in Open Payments, the federal repository of all transactions of financial value from industry to physicians and teaching hospitals, from 2014 to 2017. Results: There were 13,087 medical oncologists and 85,640 internists who received payments. The mean, annual, per-physician value of payments to oncologists increased from $3,811 in 2014 to $5,854 in 2017, and from $444 to $450 for internists; the median payment increased from $152 to $199 for oncologists and remained at $0 for internists. Oncologists who served on NCCN Guidelines Panels received a greater value in payments and experienced a greater relative increase: mean payments increased from $10,820 in 2014 to $18,977 in 2017, and median payments increased from $500 to $1,366. Among companies marketing PD-1/PD-L1 drugs, mean annual per-oncologist payments associated with PD-1/PD-L1 drugs increased from $28 to $773. Total per-oncologist payments from companies marketing PD-1/PD-L1 drugs experienced a 165% increase from 2014 to 2017, compared with a 31% increase among similar companies not marketing PD-1/PD-L1 drugs. Conclusions: Pharmaceutical industry payments increased for US oncologists from 2014 to 2017 more than for general internists. The increase was greater among oncologists contributing to clinical practice guidelines and among pharmaceutical companies marketing PD-1/PD-L1 drugs. The increasing flow of money from industry to US oncologists supports ongoing concern regarding commercial interests in guideline development and clinical decision-making.
Virtual Reality Device Is Authorized to Relieve Back Pain
Authors: Rita Rubin
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Association of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders and Violence Perpetration in Adults and Adolescents From 15 Countries
Authors: Daniel Whiting, Gautam Gulati, John R. Geddes, Seena Fazel
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2021)

Violence perpetration outcomes in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders contribute to morbidity and mortality at a population level, disrupt care, and lead to stigma.To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the risk of perpetrating interpersonal violence in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders compared with general population control individuals.Multiple databases were searched for studies in any language from January 1970 to March 2021 using the terms violen* or homicid* and psychosis or psychoses or psychotic or schizophren* or schizoaffective or delusional and terms for mental disorders. Bibliographies of included articles were hand searched.The study included case-control and cohort studies that allowed risks of interpersonal violence perpetration and/or violent criminality in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders to be compared with a general population group without these disorders.The study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and the Meta-analyses of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) proposal. Two reviewers extracted data. Quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Data were pooled using a random-effects model.The main outcome was violence to others obtained either through official records, self-report and/or collateral-report, or medical file review and included any physical assault, robbery, sexual offenses, illegal threats or intimidation, and arson.The meta-analysis included 24 studies of violence perpetration outcomes in 15 countries over 4 decades (N = 51 309 individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders; reported mean age of 21 to 54 years at follow-up; of those studies that reported outcomes separately by sex, there were 19 976 male individuals and 14 275 female individuals). There was an increase in risk of violence perpetration in men with schizophrenia and other psychoses (pooled odds ratio [OR], 4.5; 95% CI, 3.6-5.6) with substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 85%; 95% CI, 77-91). The risk was also elevated in women (pooled OR, 10.2; 95% CI, 7.1-14.6), with substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 66%; 95% CI, 31-83). Odds of perpetrating sexual offenses (OR, 5.1; 95% CI, 3.8-6.8) and homicide (OR, 17.7; 95% CI, 13.9-22.6) were also investigated. Three studies found increased relative risks of arson but data were not pooled for this analysis owing to heterogeneity of outcomes. Absolute risks of violence perpetration in register-based studies were less than 1 in 20 in women with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and less than 1 in 4 in men over a 35-year period.This systematic review and meta-analysis found that the risk of perpetrating violent outcomes was increased in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders compared with community control individuals, which has been confirmed in new population-based longitudinal studies and sibling comparison designs.
Modeling human yolk sac hematopoiesis with pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Michael H. Atkins, Rebecca Scarfò, Kathleen E. McGrath, Donghe Yang, James Palis, Andrea Ditadi, Gordon M. Keller
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2021)

In the mouse, the first hematopoietic cells are generated in the yolk sac from the primitive, erythro-myeloid progenitor (EMP) and lymphoid programs that are specified before the emergence of hematopoietic stem cells. While many of the yolk sac-derived populations are transient, specific immune cell progeny seed developing tissues, where they function into adult life. To access the human equivalent of these lineages, we modeled yolk sac hematopoietic development using pluripotent stem cell differentiation. Here, we show that the combination of Activin A, BMP4, and FGF2 induces a population of KDR+CD235a/b+ mesoderm that gives rise to the spectrum of erythroid, myeloid, and T lymphoid lineages characteristic of the mouse yolk sac hematopoietic programs, including the Vδ2+ subset of γ/δ T cells that develops early in the human embryo. Through clonal analyses, we identified a multipotent hematopoietic progenitor with erythroid, myeloid, and T lymphoid potential, suggesting that the yolk sac EMP and lymphoid lineages may develop from a common progenitor.
126P Novel B7-H3 targeting dual nanobody NK cell engagers display robust activity against a broad spectrum of solid and hematologic malignancies
Authors: N. Zorko, M. Felices, A. Merino, J. Walker, B. Kodal, A. Lenvik, Z.B. Davis, T. Lenvik, S. Tape, Y. Soignier, T. Nelson, P. Hinderlie, E. Antonarakis, F. Cichocki, J. Hwang, G. Berk, J.S. Miller
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
69P Combining sintilimab with anlotinib as second-line or later therapy in patients with extensive-disease small cell lung cancer: A prospective, single-arm, phase II trial
Authors: M. Shuxiang, H. Zhen, W. Lili, W. Yufeng, Y. Sen, C. Haiyang, W. Yingxi, Q. Wang
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
A Review of the Quality and Impact of Mobile Health Apps
Authors: Quinn Grundy
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (2021)

Mobile health applications (apps) have transformed the possibilities for health promotion and disease self-management; however, their promise is not fully realized owing to their reliance on commercial ecosystems for development and distribution. This review provides an overview of the types of mobile health apps and describes key stakeholders in terms of how apps are used, developed, and regulated. I outline key challenges facing consumers, public health professionals, and policy makers in evaluating the quality of health apps and summarize what is known about the impact of apps on health outcomes and health equity. I suggest that factors within the wider mobile ecosystem largely define the impact of health apps and, most notably, practices around the collection and commercialization of user data. Finally, I suggest that upstream public health strategies, grounded in an understanding of corporate influences on health, are necessary to promote healthy digital environments in which mobile health app innovation can flourish.
SARS-CoV-2 specific cellular response following COVID-19 vaccination in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Sibylle C. Mellinghoff, Sandra Robrecht, Leonie Mayer, Leonie M. Weskamm, Christine Dahlke, Henning Gruell, Kanika Vanshylla, Hans A. Schlösser, Martin Thelen, Anna-Maria Fink, Kirsten Fischer, Florian Klein, Marylyn M. Addo, Barbara Eichhorst, Michael Hallek, Petra Langerbeins
Journal: Leukemia (2021)

Chatzikonstantinou et al.[1] conducted a large follow-up analysis of COVID-19 in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and confirmed a high mortality rate, especially in patients with older age, comorbidity and previous CLL-treatment.The results emphasize the importance of prevention and mitigation of COVID-19 by vaccination, especially in patients with hematological malignancies.The COVID-19 vaccine-induced immunity is mediated by the interaction of both, humoral and cellular components [2,3].While several studies have confirmed low humoral immunogenicity in CLL patients [4][5][6][7], very few describe cellular responses to determine immunogenicity and report reduced T cell response [8].In this prospective cohort study, we hence investigated cellular immunogenicity and the interplay with humoral immunogenicity following COVID-19 vaccination in SLL/CLL patients as compared with healthy controls (HC).Blood samples of CLL registry (NCT02863692) patients were centrally evaluated after full COVID-19 vaccination.In total, 21/23 patients were included in the analyses (samples missing in 2/23).Vaccinated healthcare workers served as HC cohort (n = 12).Both studies were approved by the local ethics committee.Patient and disease characteristics and vaccination schedules are summarized in Table 1 and Supplemental Table 1.Patient blood samples were collected at a median of 47 (range 19-94 days) and HC at a median of 35 (range 32-38) days after the second vaccination.SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) specific IgG antibodies, determined using Alinity ci SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant assay (Abbott), were detectable in 8/21 (38.1%) patients with SLL/CLL and 100% of HC (p = 0.001; Fig. 1A,B).Neutralizing activity, determined by using heat-inactivated serum in a lentiviral-based pseudovirus neutralization assay against Wu-01 strain of SARS-CoV-2, was observed in serum samples from all HC (GeoMean ID 50 409) (Fig. 1C).No neutralizing activity (ID 50 < 10) was detectable in the majority of CLL patients (14/21, 67%, 0), including all seronegative individuals.
Announcement
Authors: Emily E. Scott
Journal: Pharmacological Reviews (2021)

On behalf of ASPET's Publications Committee, I am pleased to announce that Dr. Lynette Daws has been selected to succeed Dr. Eric Barker as the next editor of Pharmacological Reviews . Dr. Daws will fully assume the editorship in January 2022 when Dr. Barker's term will end. ![Figure][1]</img
Primary biliary cholangitis and SARS-CoV-2 infection: incidence, susceptibility and outcomes
Authors: Javier Ampuero, Ana Lucena, Manuel Hernández-Guerra, Isabel Moreno-Moraleda, Juan Arenas, Isabel Conde, Laura Muñoz, Lidia Canillas, Edgar Fernandez, Raisa Quiñones, Miguel Angel Simon, Elena Gómez-Dominguez, Maria Luisa Gutierrez, Conrado Fernandez-Rodriguez, Maria Jose Domper-Arnal, Francisco Jorquera, Maria Luisa Garcia-Buey, Montserrat Garcia-Retortillo, Rosa Morillas, Marina Berenguer, Marta Casado, Dalia Morales-Arraez, José Manuel Sousa, Esther Molina
Journal: Gut (2021)
Specific Regulation of m<b>6</b>A by SRSF7 Promotes the Progression of Glioblastoma
Authors: Yixian Cun, Sanqi An, Haiqing Zheng, Jing Lan, Wenfang Chen, Wanjun Luo, Chengguo Yao, Xincheng Li, Xiang Huang, Xiang Sun, Zehong Wu, Yameng Hu, Ziwen Li, Shuxia Zhang, Geyan Wu, Meisongzhu Yang, Miaoling Tang, Ruyuan Yu, Xinyi Liao, Guicheng Gao, Wei Zhao, Jinkai Wang, Jun Li
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2021)

Abstract Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 7 (SRSF7), a known splicing factor, has been revealed to play oncogenic roles in multiple cancers. However, the mechanisms underlying its oncogenic roles have not been well addressed. Here, based on N 6-methyladenosine (m 6 A) co-methylation network analysis across diverse cell lines, we find that the gene expression of SRSF7 is positively correlated with glioblastoma (GBM) cell-specific m6A methylation. We then indicate that SRSF7 is a novel m6A regulator, which specifically facilitates the m6A methylation near its binding sites on the mRNAs involved in cell proliferation and migration, through recruiting the methyltransferase complex. Moreover, SRSF7 promotes the proliferation and migration of GBM cells largely dependent on the presence of the m6A methyltransferase. The two m6A sites on the mRNA for PDZ-binding kinase (PBK) are regulated by SRSF7 and partially mediate the effects of SRSF7 in GBM cells through recognition by insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2). Together, our discovery reveals a novel role of SRSF7 in regulating m6A and validates the presence and functional importance of temporal- and spatial-specific regulation of m6A mediated by RNA-binding proteins (RBPs).
Update Alert 2: Should Remdesivir Be Used for the Treatment of Patients With COVID-19? Rapid, Living Practice Points From the American College of Physicians (Version 2)
Authors: Amir Qaseem, Jennifer Yost, Itziar Etxeandia-Ikobaltzeta, George M. Abraham, Janet A. Jokela, Matthew C. Miller, Mary Ann Forciea, Linda L. Humphrey
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2021)

conclusions are unchanged (1).
Gender, Productivity, and Philanthropic Fundraising in Academic Oncology
Authors: Subha Perni, Danielle Bitterman, Jennifer Ryan, Julie K. Silver, Eileen Mitchell, Sarah Christensen, Megan Daniels, Mara Bloom, Ephraim Hochberg, David Ryan, Daphne Haas-Kogan, Jay S. Loeffler, Nancy J. Tarbell, Aparna R. Parikh, Jennifer Wo
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2021)

Philanthropic donations are important funding sources in academic oncology but may be vulnerable to implicit or explicit biases toward women. However, the influence of gender on donations has not been assessed quantitatively.We queried a large academic cancer center's development database for donations over 10 years to the sundry funds of medical and radiation oncologists. Types of donations and total amounts for medical oncologists and radiation oncologists hired prior to April 1, 2018 (allowing ≥2 years on faculty prior to query), were obtained. We also obtained publicly available data on physician/academic rank, gender, specialty, disease site, and Hirsch-index (h-index), a metric of productivity.We identified 127 physicians: 64% men and 36% women. Median h-index was higher for men (31; range, 1-100) than women (17; range, 3-77; P=.003). Men were also more likely to have spent more time at the institution (median, 15 years; range, 2-43 years) than women (median, 12.5 years; range, 3-22 years; P=.025). Those receiving donations were significantly more likely to be men (70% vs 30%; P=.034). Men received significantly higher median amounts ($259,474; range, $0-$29,507,784) versus women ($37,485; range, $0-$7,483,726; P=.019). On multivariable analysis, only h-index and senior academic rank were associated with donation receipt, and only h-index with donation amount.We found significant gender disparities in receipt of philanthropic donations on unadjusted analyses. However, on multivariable analyses, only productivity and rank were significantly associated with donations, suggesting gender disparities in productivity and promotions may contribute to these differences.
Overcoming a severely angulated sigmoid colon using a clear cap: the no-air, no-water technique
Authors: Jihwan Ko
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Overcoming a severely angulated sigmoid colon has always been a challenge when working toward controlling pain during colonoscope insertion. At present, water-aided colonoscopy is one of the most preferred methods to achieve this goal [1]. In this study, I explored an alternative method. The method consists of maintaining the axis by rotating the colonoscope clockwise or counterclockwise every time it passes through the folds of the sigmoid colon. When using this technique, one should use a clear cap to dig out the folds; moreover, air or water should not be used to inflate the large intestine ([Video 1]). This technique allows the endoscopist to overcome the problems in navigating a severely angulated sigmoid colon with simple scope movements.
Effectiveness of a Videoconferencing-Delivered Psychological Intervention for Mental Health Problems during COVID-19: A Proof-of-Concept Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Richard A. Bryant, Katie S. Dawson, Dharani Keyan, Suzanna Azevedo, Srishti Yadav, Jenny Tran, Natasha Rawson, Samuel Harvey
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2021)

&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Introduction:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Anxiety and depression have increased markedly during the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a lack of evidence-based strategies to address these mental health needs during the pandemic. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Objective:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; We aim to conduct a proof-of-concept trial of the efficacy of a brief group-based psychological intervention delivered via videoconferencing for adults in Australia distressed by the pandemic. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; In this single-blind, parallel, randomised controlled trial, adults who screened positive for COVID-related psychological distress across Australia were randomly allocated to either a 6-session group-based program based on behavioural principles (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 120) or enhanced usual care (EUC, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 120). Primary outcome was total score on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HADS) anxiety and depression subscales assessed at baseline, 1 week posttreatment, 2 months (primary outcome time point), and 6 months after treatment, as well as secondary outcome measures of worry, sleep impairment, anhedonia, mood, and COVID-19-related stress. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Between May 20, 2020, and October 20, 2020, 240 patients were enrolled into the trial. Relative to EUC, at 2 months participants receiving intervention showed greater reduction on anxiety (mean difference, 1.4 [95% CI, 0.3 to 2.6], &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.01; effect size, 0.4 [95% CI, 0.1 to 0.7]) and depression (mean difference, 1.6 [95% CI, 0.4 to 2.8], p = 0.009; effect size, 0.4 [95% CI, 0.2 to 0.7]) scales. These effects were maintained at 6 months. There were also greater reductions of worry, anhedonia, COVID-19-related fears, and contamination fears. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; This trial provides initial evidence that brief group-based behavioural intervention delivered via videoconferencing results in moderate reductions in common psychological problems arising during the COVID-19 pandemic. This program may offer a viable and scalable means to mitigate the rising mental health problems during the pandemic.
Sugars and Gastrointestinal Health
Authors: Djésia Arnone, Caroline Chabot, Anne-Charlotte Heba, Tunay Kökten, Bénédicte Caron, Franck Hansmannel, Natacha Dreumont, Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan, Didier Quilliot, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2021)