tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Shall The Journal be Removed to Washington?
Authors: C. G. Cannaday
Journal: JAMA (1891)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> Though living in the East and wishing it to prosper; yet I wish to be understood as advocating Chicago as the place forThe Journal. 1. Because of its central location. 2. Because it is a great medical centre. 3. Because the next decade will witness it the largest city in America. 4. BecauseThe Journalis ably edited in Chicago and is prosperous, not political nor prejudicial to sections. 23 Salem ave., Roanoke, Va., Feb. 3, 1891.
Recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia. 1. Mechanisms.
Authors: M EJosephson, L NHorowitz, AFarshidi, J AKastor
Journal: Circulation (1978)

The mechanism of recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) was evaluated in 21 patients. Re-entry as the mechanism for VT was suggested by a) the reproducible initiation (19) and termination (15) of the arrhythmia by programmed stimulation. The rate, ventricle of origin, and stimulation site determined the method of termination. One VPD was usually required with VT rates less than 175/min and/or ventricle of origin ipsilateral to the stimulation site, while two VPDs were usually required for VT with faster rates originating in a contralateral ventricle. The proximal His-Purkinje system (HPS) was not required for initiation or maintenance of VT. Evidence localizing the site of re-entry to a small portion of the ventricles included: a) ventricular capture by ventricular premature depolarizations (VPDs) or pacing (VP) without terminating VT (5), b) sinus capture following VPDs and/or supraventricular fusions without terminating VT (12), and c) atrial pacing normalizing the QRS and H-V intervals withou...
The utilization by rabbit aorta of carbohydrates, fatty acids, ketone bodies, and amino acids as substrates for energy production.
Authors: K VChace, ROdessey
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

The ability of rabbit aorta to oxidize various substrates was studied to determine which of these compounds may be energy substrates for vascular smooth muscle (VSM). Glucose, ketone bodies, medium-chain length fatty acids, branched-chain amino acids, and glutamine all are oxidized at comparable rates on a molar basis. Some other amino acids, long chain fatty acids, pyruvate and glycerol also are oxidized, but at lower rates. The oxidation of 6 amino acids could not be detected. VSM was found to release ketone bodies when incubated in leucine beta-hydroxybutyrate or octanoate. This suggests that the acetoacetyl CoA and/or acetoacetate derived from these substrates is not completely oxidized. The oxidation rate of several substrates when measured individually is inhibited by 50-80% by the presence of a combination of other substrates in the medium. Under these conditions, glucose is a minor substrate for oxidative metabolism accounting for only 5% of O2 consumption. The oxidation rate of all the exogenous ...
SIN-1 reduces platelet adhesion and platelet thrombus formation in a porcine model of balloon angioplasty.
Authors: P HGroves, M JLewis, H ACheadle, W JPenny
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDNitric oxide inhibits platelet adhesion and platelet aggregation in vivo. In this study, we investigated the effects of the nitric oxide donor SIN-1 on platelet adhesion and platelet-thrombus formation following experimental angioplasty.METHODS AND RESULTSBilateral carotid angioplasty was performed in 20 anesthetized pigs. Animals received either SIN-1 (3-morpholino-sydnonimine; 10 micrograms/kg/min; n = 8) or placebo (n = 8) before and during angioplasty. An additional control group of pigs received trimetaphan (n = 4), which induced hemodynamic changes similar to those that followed treatment with SIN-1. Platelet deposition was quantified by the injection of autologous 111In-labeled platelets. SIN-1 reduced platelet deposition after deep arterial injury compared with placebo (mean +/- SEM, 10.870 +/- 2.415 versus 40.326 +/- 9.889 platelets x 10(6)/cm2, p < 0.05). SIN-1 reduced platelet adhesion after superficial injury compared with both placebo and trimetaphan (2.231 +/- 0.333 versus 5.278 +/...
Differential downregulation of beta 2-adrenergic receptors in tissue compartments of rat heart is not altered by sympathetic denervation.
Authors: MZhao, K HMuntz
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

With agonist stimulation, cardiac beta 2-adrenergic receptors (beta 2ARs) are downregulated to a much greater extent than are beta 1ARs. It has been hypothesized that this effect is due to sympathetic innervation inhibiting the downregulation of beta 1ARs. To test this hypothesis, the technique of coverslip autoradiography was used to localize and quantify beta 1AR and beta 2AR subtypes in tissue compartments of the heart in rats subjected to sympathetic denervation by two intravenous injections of 6-hydroxydopamine (50 mg/kg per dose). After denervation, the rats were infused with L-isoproterenol (400 micrograms.kg-1 x h-1 for 7 days) or vehicle (0.001N HCI) by implantation of osmotic minipumps. Sections were incubated with 70 pmol/L of the beta AR antagonist [125I]iodocyanopindolol (ICYP) alone or in the presence of 5 mumol/L DL-propranolol or 5 x 10(-7) mol/L CGP 20712A (a beta 1AR antagonist). Binding of ICYP to sections of rat hearts was saturable and stereoselective and was displaced by beta AR agon...
Essentials of Veterinary Physiology.
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ion therapy of pulmonary fibrosis by inhalation of ionic solution derived from silicate bioceramics
Authors: Tao Chen, Zhaowenbin Zhang, Dong Weng, LiQin Lu, XiaoYa Wang, Min Xing, Hui Qiu, MengMeng Zhao, Li Shen, Ying Zhou, Jiang Chang, Hui-Ping Li
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic and progressively fatal disease, but clinically available therapeutic drugs are limited due to efficacy and side effects. The possible mechanism of pulmonary fibrosis includes the damage of alveolar epithelial cells II (AEC2), and activation of immune cells such as macrophages. The ions released from bioceramics have shown the activity in stimulating soft tissue derived cells such as fibroblasts, endothelia cells and epithelia cells, and regulating macrophage polarization. Therefore, this study proposes an "ion therapy" approach based on the active ions of bioceramic materials, and investigates the therapeutic effect of bioactive ions derived from calcium silicate (CS) bioceramics on mouse models of pulmonary fibrosis. We demonstrate that silicate ions significantly reduce pulmonary fibrosis by simultaneously regulating the functions of AEC2 and macrophages. This result suggests potential clinical applications of ion therapy for lung fibrosis.
Fluorescence Molecular Endoscopy (FME) Using Bevacizumab-800CW to Evaluate Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Esophageal Cancer: Preliminary Results
Authors: I Schmidt, X Zhao, G Kats-Ugurlu, A.M van der Waaij, RY Gabriels, JJ van der Laan, FA Dijkstra, JW Haveman, B van Etten, DJ Robinson, WB Nagengast
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Currently, patients diagnosed with locally advanced esophageal adenocarcinoma receive neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) followed by esophagectomy independent of the patients’ response to nCRT. Roughly 16-43 % of esophageal cancer patients will achieve a pathological complete response (pCR) after nCRT1. Current imaging devices cannot adequately distinguish pCR from pathological partial response (pPR) before esophagectomy2. There is a need for a reliable pre-operative method which can precisely distinguish pCR from pPR and prevent (possibly) unnecessary surgery.
Canine left ventricular mass estimation by two-dimensional echocardiography.
Authors: N BSchiller, C GSkiôldebrand, E JSchiller, C CMavroudis, N HSilverman, S HRahimtoola, M JLipton
Journal: Circulation (1983)

This study was designed to develop a two-dimensional echocardiographic method of measuring the mass of the left ventricle. The general formula for an ellipse was used to derive an algorithm that described the shell volume of concentric truncated ellipsoids. In 10 canine left ventricular two-dimensional echocardiograms, this algorithm accurately predicted postmortem left ventricular mass (r = .98, SEE +/- 6 g) and was independent of cardiac cycle phase (systole vs diastole, r = .92).
The lateral chest film as an unreliable indicator of azygos continuation of the inferior vena cava.
Authors: R JO'Reilly, J HGrollman
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Recognition of azygos continuation of the inferior vena cava (AC-IVC) is necessary to prevent unnecessary surgery, to modify the approach to right heart catheterization and to avoid potentially fatal azygos ligation at the time of thoracic surgery. Absence of the inferior vena cava (IVC) shadow on the lateral chest film has been claimed to be an important feature of AC-IVC. Our findings, however, indicate that AC-IVC is frequently associated with a normal appearing IVC shadow on lateral chest film study. When the findings on frontal chest film examination suggest AC-IVC, a caval shadow on the lateral view does not exclude the diagnosis. There persists a need for further radiographic evaluation and, if necessary, angiographic confirmation. The lateral chest film does not provide reliable evidence for or against the diagnosis of azygos continuation of the inferior vena cava.
Suspected Bile Duct Pathology in ROUX-EN-Y Liver Transplant Patients: Lessons Learned From Single-Balloon Enteroscopy-Assisted ERCP
Authors: T Moreels, L Monino, G Dahlqvist, B Delire, L Coubeau, O Ciccarelli, E Bonaccorsi Riani, P Goffette, E Sokal, H Piessevaux
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Monocentric retrospective study of the feasibility of single-balloon enteroscopy-assisted ERCP (SBE-ERCP) to diagnose and treat biliary pathology in Roux-en-Y liver transplant patients.
Endothelium-derived relaxing factor modulates platelet aggregation in an in vivo model of recurrent platelet activation.
Authors: PGolino, MCappelli-Bigazzi, GAmbrosio, MRagni, ERussolillo, MCondorelli, MChiariello
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

It has been shown that endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) may inhibit platelet aggregation in vitro through activation of platelet-soluble guanylate cyclase. To assess whether EDRF may also affect platelet function in vivo, intravascular platelet aggregation was initiated by placing an external constrictor around endothelially injured rabbit carotid arteries. Carotid blood flow velocity was measured continuously by a Doppler flow probe placed proximal to the constrictor. After placement of the constrictor, cyclic flow reductions (CFRs), due to recurrent platelet aggregation, developed at the site of the stenosis. After CFRs were observed for 30 minutes, a solution of authentic nitric oxide (NO, n = 10) was infused into the carotid artery via a small catheter placed proximally to the stenosis. Before infusion of NO, CFR frequency averaged 18.3 +/- 2.9 cycles per hour, and CFR severity (lowest carotid blood flow as percentage of baseline values) was 6 +/- 1%. NO completely inhibited CFRs in all anim...
Does length or eccentricity of coronary stenoses influence the outcome of transluminal dilatation
Authors: BMeier, A RGruentzig, JHollman, TIschinger, J MBradford
Journal: Circulation (1983)

In 526 patients undergoing a first percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) of a single native vessel, we studied the influence of length and eccentricity of the lesion on complications and primary success. Long stenoses (greater than or equal to 5 mm, n = 153) did not differ from short stenoses (less than or equal to 4 mm, n = 265) in terms of overall complications or gain in lumen diameter and distal pressure. Eccentric stenoses (n = 155) showed a lower rate of primary success than concentric stenoses (n = 338) (80% vs 89%, p less than 0.05). Inability to cross the stenosis was the main reason for failure. Stenoses that were long and eccentric (n = 51) had the highest incidence of complications (24%) and stenoses that were short and concentric (n = 177) the lowest (12%, p less than 0.05). However, the average outcome expressed by gain in lumen diameter and distal pressure was equal in both groups and is obviously more dependent on technical factors than on anatomy. Nevertheless, length and,...
Transcutaneous oxygen tension and capillary morphologic characteristics and density in patients with chronic venous incompetence.
Authors: U KFranzeck, ABollinger, RHuch, AHuch
Journal: Circulation (1984)

The transparent oxygen electrode, recently developed by Huch and his co-workers, permits monitoring of transcutaneous oxygen tension (tcPO2) at defined sites on the capillaroscopic image obtained by videomicroscopy. This combined system has been applied to study the nutritional skin capillaries of patients with chronic venous incompetence (CVI). The results of 44 studies in 17 patients with CVI demonstrated a direct correlation between tcPO2 and density and morphologic characteristics of the superficial capillaries. The mean tcPO2 was 47.7 +/- 14.4 mm Hg at the site of incompetent perforating veins of the ankle without major trophic changes. There was no statistically significant difference between the mean values obtained in patients and control subjects (56.8 +/- 9.9 mm Hg). Videomicroscopic examination revealed dilated and tortuous capillaries surrounded by halo formations. In areas of hyperpigmentation, induration, and hyperkeratosis, significantly decreased mean tcPO2 (22.5 +/- 7.0 mm Hg; p less than...
New design to remove leukocytes from platelet-rich plasma (PRP) based on cell dimension rather than density
Authors: Subhaini Jakfar, Tzu-Chieh Lin, Shinn-Chih Wu, Yao-Horng Wang, Yu-Jun Sun, Minal Thacker, Li-Xin Liu, Feng-Huei Lin
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) can stimulate the proliferation of stem cells and have a positive effect on tissue repair. Although many commercialized PRP preparation kits are already on the market, first-line clinical workers are still not satisfied with most of the PRP kits. The work of commercial PRP kits is based on the density of blood elements. However, the blood elements are very close in density which makes the separation challenging. Therefore, the mentioned commercialized kits are generally contaminated by leucocytes and erythrocyte. In this study, a home-designed PRP device was developed to use a separation membrane with adequate cut-off pore size of 5 μm, 3 μm and 2 μm for the groups of H5M, H3M, and H2M, respectively, to be placed in the middle of the centrifuge tube. The home-designed H2M showed a very promising results regardless of the final volume (1.82 ± 0.09 ml), platelet yield (8.39 ± 0.44%), Red Blood Cells (0%), White Blood Cells (0%), and Relative Concentration of Platelet Increment value (225.09%). Further, it showed a good result in cell viability and cytotoxicity and confirmed a good multilineage potentials. The concentration in PRP prepared by group H2M was relatively stable and far above average. All the fibrin fibers were linked together as bridging strands or strings and turned into an inter-connected porous structure for nutrients transportation and regenerative cell migration. We believe that the home-designed group H2M should have a great potential to develop into the final product to meet the requirements of first-line clinical workers.
FOLFIRINOX versus Gemcitabine for Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: T. Conroy, Françoise Desseigne, M. Ychou, O. Bouché, R. Guimbaud, Y. Bécouarn, Antoine Adenis, Raoul Jl, S. Gourgou-Bourgade, De La Fouchardière C, J. Bennouna, Bachet Jb, F. Khemissa-Akouz, D. Péré-Vergé, C. Delbaldo, E. Assenat, B. Chauffert, P. Michel, C. Montoto-Grillot, M. Ducreux
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)
Does coronary artery bypass surgery restore normal maximal coronary flow reserve? The effect of diffuse atherosclerosis and focal obstructive lesions.
Authors: R FWilson, C WWhite
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Aortocoronary vein bypass surgery might not restore normal maximal coronary flow reserve to bypassed coronary vessels because residual diffuse coronary atherosclerosis might limit maximal hyperemia. To investigate the effect of diffuse atherosclerosis and a focal stenosis at the graft-coronary anastomosis, we measured coronary flow reserve with an extensively validated subselective Doppler catheter in 24 patients with 35 bypass grafts perfusing angiographically normal coronary vessels. The Doppler catheter was positioned in the midportion of the graft, and coronary flow reserve was measured as the peak/resting velocity ratio after selective graft injection of a maximally vasodilating dose of papaverine. Luminal dimensions of the bypass graft, graft-coronary insertion, and bypassed coronary vessel were measured by quantitative coronary angiography (Brown/Dodge method). Measurements of coronary flow reserve and coronary dimensions of vein bypass grafts were compared with similar measurements obtained from 1...
Automaticity, triggered activity, and responses to adrenergic stimulation in cat subendocardial Purkinje fibers after healing of myocardial infarction.
Authors: SKimura, A LBassett, TKohya, P LKozlovskis, R JMyerburg
Journal: Circulation (1987)

We studied automaticity, triggered activity, and responses to alpha- and beta-adrenergic stimulation in subendocardial Purkinje fibers overlying healed infarct scars (infarct preparation) and from remote normal zones (noninfarct preparation) of cat left ventricles. The preparations were studied 2 to 4 months after ligation of multiple distal tributaries of the left anterior descending and circumflex arteries. Subendocardial Purkinje fibers from corresponding areas of normal hearts served as control samples (control preparation). Transmembrane action potential characteristics and rates of automaticity (spontaneous phase 4 depolarization) did not differ among control, noninfarct, and infarct preparations. However, overdrive at cycle lengths of less than 400 msec suppressed automaticity to a greater degree in Purkinje fibers of infarct preparations than those of control and noninfarct preparations. Changes in automatic rate during superfusion with isoproterenol (10(-10)M to 10(-6)M) were not different among ...
Cerebrospinal fluid acidosis complicating therapy of experimental cardiopulmonary arrest.
Authors: K JBerenyi, MWolk, TKillip
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) may be followed by slow recovery of brain function. The possible role of bicarbonate therapy was assessed by analysis of arterial blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in 20 dogs during cardiac arrest and CPR. Samples were taken in the control period and every 5 minutes post-arrest of 20 minutes. Group I received no post-arrest CPR. Arterial pH fell from 7.37 to 7.31 (P less than 0.01) and CSF pH from 7.34 to 6.94 (P less than 0.001). Arterial pCO2 rose from 39 to 65 mm Hg (P less than 0.005) and CSF pCO2 increased from 47 to 123 (P less than 0.02). With CPR alone (group II) arterial pH decreased from 7.39 to 7.19 (P less than 0.005), while arterial pCO2 and CSF pH and pCO2 were undhanged. CPR with bicarbonate therapy (mEq = weight in kg times 0.43 times 1.1 mEq/min of arrest) given every 5 minutes (group III), resulted in a rise in arterial pH from 7.41 to 7.81 (P less than 0.02). Excess bicarbonate administration during CPR may result in a marked dissociation between ar...
Concealed reentry: a mechanism of atrioventricular nodal alternating Wenckebach periodicity.
Authors: LLittmann, R HSvenson
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Alternating WEnckebach periodicity is generally believed to reflect bilevel block due to horizontal electrophysiologic dissociation in the conducting tissues. We describe a case of atrial pacing-induced atrioventricular nodal alternating Wenckebach periodicity with concealed reentry in a longitudinally dissociated AV conduction system. Three observations support this unique mechanism: Concealed reentry occurred during the course of alternating Wenckebach periodicity; it could be invoked to explain the peculiar conduction patterns in this patient; and alternative mechanisms did not explain the alternating Wenckebach periods. Our findings also indicate that long conduction times during 2:1 block can be due to concealed reentry rather than concealed antegrade conduction, and participation in the echo process of a retrograde pathway with electrophysiologic characteristics of an atrioventricular nodal bypass tract does not exclude manifest and concealed reentry at a subatrial level.
Should we ration extracorporeal membrane oxygenation during the COVID-19 pandemic?
Authors: Alexander Supady, Jenelle Badulak, Laura Evans, J Randall Curtis, Daniel Brodie
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2021)

individuals or clinicians will act on the test results, availability, and cost.Although trials of the use of rapid diagnostics are ideal to assess the potential net effect of all of these variables on important outcomes, doing such trials across the wide range of potential uses of rapid diagnostics, especially in the context of a global health emergency, is challenging.Modelling studies that incorporate these parameters and are informed by realworld data from field studies can and should inform the investments being made in the development and use of rapid diagnostics.In future years, we will probably continue to need to respond to annual cycles of respiratory infection, including variants of SARS-CoV-2 and seasonal strains of influenza.Routine use of rapid diagnostic tests in emergency rooms and inpatient areas could play an important part in reducing mortality associated with these infections.
Cyclosporine therapy after cardiac transplantation causes hypertension and renal vasoconstriction without sympathetic activation.
Authors: DKaye, JThompson, GJennings, MEsler
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDHypertension frequently complicates the use of cyclosporine A (CyA) therapy, and it has been suggested that sympathoexcitation may be the underlying mechanism in this form of hypertension.METHODS AND RESULTSTo further investigate the possibility of a neurogenic mechanism for this hypertensive effect, we studied the effects of CyA on renal blood flow (n = 11), forearm blood flow (n = 8), and sympathetic nervous system activity, assessed by renal and whole-body radiolabeled norepinephrine plasma kinetics and muscle sympathetic nerve firing (using microneurography) in cardiac transplant recipients receiving CyA and a reference group of healthy age-matched control subjects (n = 17). In 11 cardiac transplant patients (2 hours after cyclosporine dose), renal blood flow was significantly lower than that in 8 control subjects (680 +/- 88 vs 1285 +/- 58 mL/min, P < .001). In 5 of these transplant patients, renal blood flow was measured before and for 2 hours after oral cyclosporine and fell progressively...