tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Disparities in Secondhand Smoke Exposure in the United States
Authors: Surendra S. Shastri, Rajesh Talluri, Sanjay Shete
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2020)

population.Similarly, in Utah, this subgroup accounted for 5.0% of the hospitalizations in contrast with 0.9% representation of the state population.Discussion | This analysis identified considerable disparities in the prevalence of COVID-19 across racial/ethnic subgroups of the population in 12 US states.These findings are consistent with an earlier Centers for Disease Control and Prevention analysis of 580 hospitalizations between March 1 and March 30, 2020, that found disproportionately high COVID-19 hospitalizations for the Black population. 5 Similarly, a study of 1052 confirmed COVID-19 cases between January 1 and April 8, 2020, at a California health system reported higher odds of hospitalization in non-Hispanic Black individuals compared with non-Hispanic White individuals. 6 In addition, we observed high hospitalization rates for Hispanic individuals in most of the states analyzed and high hospitalization rates for American Indian and Alaskan Native populations in select states.These findings highlight the need for increased data reporting and consistency within and across all states.Only 12 of 50 US states have consistently reported hospitalizations by race/ethnicity during our study period.New Jersey and Florida recently started reporting data on COVID-19 hospitalizations by race/ethnicity.The present study is limited in that there was no adjustment for age, sex, comorbidities, and socioeconomic factors within each racial/ethnic group that are likely to be associated with COVID-19 hospitalizations.A large body of research has identified racial/ethnic health disparities in the risk of infection associated with a higher prevalence of comorbidities, less access to health care, adverse economic conditions, and service-related occupations. 2 The unique clinical, financial, and social implications of COVID-19 for racial/ethnic populations that are often systematically marginalized in society must be well understood to design and establish effective and equitable infrastructure solutions.
Vismodegib in real-life clinical settings: A multicenter, longitudinal cohort providing long-term data on efficacy and safety
Authors: Zoe Apalla, Ioannis Spyridis, Athanassios Kyrgidis, Elizabeth Lazaridou, Aikaterini Kyriakou, Christina Fotiadou, Olga Pikou, Elena Sotiriou, Efstratios Vakirlis, Chryssoula Papageorgiou, Florentina Delli, Andreas Moutsoudis, Sofia Magdalini Manoli, Dimitrios Ioannides, Aimilios Lallas
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Insights into therapeutic products, preclinical research models, and clinical trials in cardiac regenerative and reparative medicine: where are we now and the way ahead. Current opinion paper of the ESC Working Group on Cardiovascular Regenerative and Reparative Medicine
Authors: Lilian Grigorian-Shamagian, Ricardo Sanz-Ruiz, Andreu Climent, Lina Badimon, Lucio Barile, Roberto Bolli, Steven Chamuleau, Diederick E Grobbee, Stefan Janssens, Jens Kastrup, Leyla Kragten-Tabatabaie, Rosalinda Madonna, Anthony Mathur, Philippe Menasché, Giulio Pompilio, Felipe Prosper, Emily Sena, Nicola Smart, Wolfgram-Hubertus Zimmermann, Francisco Fernández-Avilés
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2020)

Great expectations have been set around the clinical potential of regenerative and reparative medicine in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases [i.e. in particular, heart failure (HF)]. Initial excitement, spurred by encouraging preclinical data, resulted in a rapid translation into clinical research. The sobering outcome of the resulting clinical trials suggests that preclinical testing may have been insufficient to predict clinical outcome. A number of barriers for clinical translation include the inherent variability of the biological products and difficulties to develop potency and quality assays, insufficient rigour of the preclinical research and reproducibility of the results, manufacturing challenges, and scientific irregularities reported in the last years. The failure to achieve clinical success led to an increased scrutiny and scepticism as to the clinical readiness of stem cells and gene therapy products among clinicians, industry stakeholders, and funding bodies. The present impasse has attracted the attention of some of the most active research groups in the field, which were then summoned to analyse the position of the field and tasked to develop a strategy, to re-visit the undoubtedly promising future of cardiovascular regenerative and reparative medicine, based on lessons learned over the past two decades. During the scientific retreat of the ESC Working Group on Cardiovascular Regenerative and Reparative Medicine (CARE) in November 2018, the most relevant and timely research aspects in regenerative and/or reparative medicine were presented and critically discussed, with the aim to lay out a strategy for the future development of the field. We report herein the main ideas and conclusions of that meeting.
Abstract IA25: CREBBP: Not all mutations are created equal
Authors: Michael R. Green
Journal: Blood Cancer Discovery (2020)

Abstract Follicular lymphoma (FL) and the EZB/C3 subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are characterized by frequent mutations of chromatin-modifying genes, including KMT2D, CREBBP, and EZH2. Genomic analysis of serial biopsies from FL patients has allowed the reconstruction of evolutionary phylogenies and highlighted CREBBP mutations as occurring predominantly as early events in disease evolution and residing within common progenitor cells that seed relapse. Patient tumor cells with CREBBP mutations have significantly reduced MHC class II expression and perturbed T-cell responses to tumor, suggesting a role for CREBBP mutations in driving immune evasion. Knock-out and knock-down studies of Crebbp confirmed its tumor-suppressor function in animal models, but uncovered some differences compared to the phenotypes observed in association with CREBBP mutations in primary tumors. Mutations of CREBBP most often encode missense amino acid substitutions within the catalytic lysine acetyltransferase (KAT) domain rather than nonsense/frameshift variants that result in a loss of protein expression. Here I will discuss recently published and unpublished data regarding the function of CREBBP mutations in B-cell lymphoma, functional differences between classes of mutations (KAT domain missense vs. nonsense/frameshift) and between different mutational hotspots within the KAT domain. Furthermore, I will discuss how these functional insights provide a rationale for targeted therapeutic strategies in B-cell lymphoma. Citation Format: Michael R. Green. CREBBP: Not all mutations are created equal [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: Advances in Malignant Lymphoma; 2020 Aug 17-19. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Blood Cancer Discov 2020;1(3_Suppl):Abstract nr IA25.
Phlorizin ameliorates obesity-associated endotoxemia and insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed mice by targeting the gut microbiota and intestinal barrier integrity
Authors: Xiao-Yu Zhang, Jiang Chen, Kang Yi, Ling Peng, Jie Xie, Xun Gou, Tong Peng, Lin Tang
Journal: Gut Microbes (2020)

Phlorizin (PHZ) is one of phytonutrients in apples that contributes to the health-promoting effect implicated by the saying, 'an apple a day keeps the doctor away'. PHZ was firstly identified as a competitive inhibitor of sodium-glucose co-transporters-2 (SGLT2); however, its low bioavailability makes it hard to fully explain its pharmacological mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate the ameliorating effect of PHZ on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity via modulating the "gut microbiota-barrier axis". Firstly, C57BL/6 J mice were fed a normal chow diet (NCD) or HFD coadministered with or without PHZ for 12 weeks. Our results showed that PHZ supplementation significantly reduced HFD-induced body weight gain (P < .001), alleviated metabolic disorders (MDs) like insulin resistance (P < .001) and elevation of serum lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (P < .001), attenuated HFD-induced gut microbiota alterations, enhanced short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production (P < .001), and inhibited fecal LPS production (P < .001). To investigate the role of the fecal microbiota in the observed beneficial effects, a fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiment was performed by transplanting the feces of the four groups of mice (as donor mice) daily collected from the fourth week to a new batch of acclimatized HFD-fed mice. Our results confirmed that feeding the gut contents of the PHZ-modulated mice could attenuate HFD-induced MDs, accompanied by enhanced glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) secretion (P < .001) and restoration of HFD-induced damage in the gut epithelial barrier. This study has provided evidence that the "gut microbiota-barrier axis" was an alternative target for the anti-obesity effect of PHZ. This work has also provided an explanation for the high efficacy of PHZ despite the low bioavailability, and PHZ holds great potential to be developed as a functional food ingredient.
Abstract 13210: HLA Class I and II KO hiPSC Derived Cells: Universal Donor for Regeneration
Authors: Saidulu Mattapally, Kevin M Pawlik, Vladimir G Fast, Tim M Townes, Jianyi Zhang
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Rationale: Human induced-pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can be generated from the somatic cells of each individual patient; nevertheless, there is evidence suggesting that transplanted hiPSC-deriv...
Which factors are associated with bone marrow oedema suspicious of axial spondyloarthritis as detected by MRI in the sacroiliac joints and the spine in the general population?
Authors: Xenofon Baraliakos, Adrian Richter, Daniel Feldmann, Anne Ott, Robin Buelow, Carsten O Schmidt, Juergen Braun
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

<h3>Objective</h3> Identify factors associated with presence and extension of spinal and sacroiliac joints (SIJ)–MRI lesions suggestive of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) in a population-based cohort (Study of Health in Pomerania) aged &lt;45 years. <h3>Methods</h3> Spinal (sagittal T1/T2) and SIJ (semicoronal STIR sequences) MRIs were evaluated by two trained blinded readers. The presence (yes/no) and extension (Berlin MRI Score) of bone marrow oedema (BME) were captured. Degenerative spinal lesions were excluded and discrepancies resolved by consensus. Cross-sectional associations between clinical factors and presence/extension of BME were analysed by logistic/negative binomial regression. Record linkage of claims data was applied to identify participants with axSpA. <h3>Results</h3> MRIs of 793 volunteers were evaluated. The presence of SIJ–BME (odds ratio) was strongly associated delivery during the last year (4.47, 1.49–13.41). For SIJ–BME extension, associations (incidence rate ratios, 95% CI) were found for delivery ((during last year) 4.52, 1.48–13.84), human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-B27+ (2.32, 1.30–4.14), body mass index (25–30 vs &lt;25 kg/m²; 1.86 (1.19–2.89)) and back pain ((last 3 months) 1.55, 1.04–2.31), while for spinal BME, associations were found for age per decade (1.46, 1.13–1.90) and physically demanding work (1.46, 1.06–2.00). Record linkage was available for 694 (87.5%) participants and 9/694 (1.3%) had a record of axSpA (ICD M45.09). <h3>Conclusion</h3> These population-based data support the hypothesis of mechanic strain contributing to BME in the general population aged &lt;45 years and the role of HLA-B27+ as a severity rather than a susceptibility factor for SIJ–BME.
Are Trabeculae and Papillary Muscles an Integral Part of Cardiac Anatomy: Or Annoying Features to Exclude While Tracing Endocardial Boundaries?⁎⁎Editorials published in JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging reflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging or the American College of Cardiology.
Authors: Amit R. Patel, Victor Mor-Avi
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2012)
91P Prognostic biomarker of clinical outcome in locally advanced rectal cancer in Chinese patients
Authors: S.S.K. Ho, S.S. Hon, E. Hung, F.K. Mo, C. So, M. Tong, J.F. Lee, S. Chu, D. Ng, D. Lam, C. Cho, T.W. Mak, S.S. Ng, J. Suen, A.W. Chan, W. Yeung, B.B.Y. Ma
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
Visceral fat shows the strongest association with the need of intensive care in patients with COVID-19. (Special Issue: COVID-19 in metabolism.)
Authors: M. Watanabe, D. Caruso, D. Tuccinardi, R. Risi, M. Zerunian, M. Polici, F. Pucciarelli, M. Tarallo, L. Strigari, S. Manfrini, S. Mariani, S. Basciani, C. Lubrano, A. Laghi, L. Gnessi
Journal: Metabolism (2020)
Antitumor activity without on-target off-tumor toxicity of GD2–chimeric antigen receptor T cells in patients with neuroblastoma
Authors: Karin Straathof, Barry Flutter, Rebecca Wallace, Neha Jain, Thalia Loka, Sarita Depani, Gary Wright, Simon Thomas, Gordon Weng-Kit Cheung, Talia Gileadi, Sian Stafford, Evangelia Kokalaki, Jack Barton, Clare Marriott, Dyanne Rampling, Olumide Ogunbiyi, Ayse U. Akarca, Teresa Marafioti, Sarah Inglott, Kimberly Gilmour, Muhammad Al-Hajj, William Day, Kieran McHugh, Lorenzo Biassoni, Natalie Sizer, Claire Barton, David Edwards, Ilaria Dragoni, Julie Silvester, Karen Dyer, Stephanie Traub, Lily Elson, Sue Brook, Nigel Westwood, Lesley Robson, Ami Bedi, Karen Howe, Ailish Barry, Catriona Duncan, Giuseppe Barone, Martin Pule, John Anderson
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2020)

Patients with neuroblastoma infused with GD2-directed CAR-T cells experienced immune activation and transient tumor regressions without neurotoxicity.
Chronic Air Pollution Exposure and Endothelial Dysfunction: What You Can't See—Can Harm You⁎⁎Editorials published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology reflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACC or the American College of Cardiology
Authors: Robert D. Brook, Sanjay Rajagopalan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Combined Inhibition of Gαq and MEK Enhances Therapeutic Efficacy in Uveal Melanoma
Authors: Tyler D. Hitchman, Gabriella Bayshtok, Emilie Ceraudo, Amanda R. Moore, Cindy Lee, Ruobing Jia, Naitao Wang, Mohini R. Pachai, Alexander N. Shoushtari, Jasmine H. Francis, Youxin Guan, Juliet Chen, Matthew T. Chang, Barry S. Taylor, Thomas P. Sakmar, Thomas Huber, Ping Chi, Yu Chen
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

All uveal melanoma and a fraction of other melanoma subtypes are driven by activation of the G-protein alpha-q (Gα
Abstract PO-056: Using MammaPrint to reduce the need for chemotherapy in early breast cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Elizabeth M. Murray, Ettienne J. Myburgh, Ersan Lujinovic, Lorenza Mittempergher, Duncan J. Robertson, Josephus J. de Jager, Maritha J. Kotze
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Introduction: With the recent worldwide outbreak of COVID-19, it became clear that certain comorbidities are associated with an increased risk of complications and death. Several publications have reported an increased rate of ICU admission and mortality in cancer patients. This has led to guidelines advising more conservative approaches to cancer therapy, including chemotherapy. In the absence of prospective, disease-specific outcome data, there is a risk of overestimating the risk of COVID-19 and thus increasing cancer-specific mortality or of underestimating. MammaPrint has been validated for selecting clinically high-risk breast cancer patients in whom chemotherapy can be avoided safely. Methods: We evaluated the current published literature related to the potential risk of breast cancer and chemotherapy in association with COVID-19. We estimated the potential risk of severe events in COVID-19 breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy to assess whether MammaPrint could help us further in making chemotherapy decisions specific to an infectious epidemic risk. Results: The risk of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality in patients receiving chemotherapy could be greater than 1.5 to 2 times higher than usual. However, other associated conditions frequently found in the breast cancer population seem to still play a significant role in a worse outcome. We found no data to quantify the effect of chemotherapy or data allowing us to adapt the MammaPrint Score to risk in an infectious epidemic. Conclusion: Adjuvant chemotherapy carries a potential risk for morbidity and mortality. Data from the current literature do not show the magnitude of the added risk for breast cancer patients on adjuvant chemotherapy in association with SARS Cov-2 infection. By using MammaPrint in hormone receptor-positive patients with up to three nodes in whom chemotherapy is considered, the treatment-related risk can be limited, allowing safe de-escalation of therapy without increased cancer-specific mortality. We plan to pursue the statistical question of how the level of risk at any of the sites on the spectrum relates to distant metastasis-free survival so that mortality risks can be better estimated during an infection. Citation Format: Elizabeth M. Murray, Ettienne J. Myburgh, Ersan Lujinovic, Lorenza Mittempergher, Duncan J. Robertson, Josephus J. de Jager, Maritha J. Kotze. Using MammaPrint to reduce the need for chemotherapy in early breast cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: COVID-19 and Cancer; 2020 Jul 20-22. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(18_Suppl):Abstract nr PO-056.
DNA polymerase epsilon is required for heterochromatin maintenance in Arabidopsis
Authors: Pierre Bourguet, Leticia López-González, Ángeles Gómez-Zambrano, Thierry Pélissier, Amy Hesketh, Magdalena E. Potok, Marie-Noëlle Pouch-Pélissier, Magali Perez, Olivier Da Ines, David Latrasse, Charles I. White, Steven E. Jacobsen, Moussa Benhamed, Olivier Mathieu
Journal: Genome biology (2020)

Abstract Background Chromatin organizes DNA and regulates its transcriptional activity through epigenetic modifications. Heterochromatic regions of the genome are generally transcriptionally silent, while euchromatin is more prone to transcription. During DNA replication, both genetic information and chromatin modifications must be faithfully passed on to daughter strands. There is evidence that DNA polymerases play a role in transcriptional silencing, but the extent of their contribution and how it relates to heterochromatin maintenance is unclear. Results We isolate a strong hypomorphic Arabidopsis thaliana mutant of the POL2A catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase epsilon and show that POL2A is required to stabilize heterochromatin silencing genome-wide, likely by preventing replicative stress. We reveal that POL2A inhibits DNA methylation and histone H3 lysine 9 methylation. Hence, the release of heterochromatin silencing in POL2A-deficient mutants paradoxically occurs in a chromatin context of increased levels of these two repressive epigenetic marks. At the nuclear level, the POL2A defect is associated with fragmentation of heterochromatin. Conclusion These results indicate that POL2A is critical to heterochromatin structure and function, and that unhindered replisome progression is required for the faithful propagation of DNA methylation throughout the cell cycle.
Abstract 14449: Not So Harmless: Marijuana Use and In-hospital Outcomes After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Insights From the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan Cardiovascular Consortium
Authors: Sang Gune K Yoo, Milan Seth, Thomas Earl, Cyril Ruwende, Milind Karve, Ibrahim Shah, Thomas Hill, Hitinder S Gurm, Devraj Sukul
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Marijuana use is increasing as more states are legalizing it for both recreational and medicinal uses. Although studies have suggested an association between marijuana use and cardiovascular risk, there are limited data on outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) among marijuana users. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that marijuana users are at an increased risk of adverse outcomes after PCI compared with non-users. Methods: Between 1/1/2013 and 10/1/2016, self-reported marijuana use was collected by the Blue Cross Blue Shield Michigan Cardiovascular Consortium (BMC2), a state-wide registry of all patients who underwent PCI at 48 non-federal hospitals in Michigan. In-hospital outcomes included post-procedural stroke, transfusion, bleeding, acute kidney injury (AKI), and death. We used 1:1 propensity matching and multivariable logistic regression techniques to adjust for differences in baseline characteristics between marijuana users and non-users. Results: Among 113,477 patients, 3,970 (3.5%) self-identified as marijuana users. Compared with non-users, marijuana users were more likely to be younger (53.9 vs. 65.8), male (79.2% vs 66.8%), cigarette smokers (73.0% vs. 26.8%), present with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (27.3% vs. 15.9%), and have fewer cardiovascular comorbidities. After matching (n=3,803 per group), compared with non-users, marijuana users had significantly increased risks of bleeding (5.2% vs. 3.4%; aOR 1.54 [1.20-1.97], p&lt;0.001) and stroke (0.3% vs 0.1%; aOR 11.01 [1.32-91.67]; p=0.026), and a decreased risk of AKI (2.2% vs 2.9%; aOR 0.61 [0.42-0.87]; p = 0.007). There were no differences in the risks of transfusion or death. Conclusions: Marijuana use was associated with significantly increased risks of stroke and bleeding after PCI. As marijuana use continues to grow, clinicians and patients should be aware of the increased risks of post-PCI complications in these patients.
16470 Clinical efficacy of a novel growth factor–based serum: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study
Authors: Gail K. Naughton, Lily I. Jiang, Elizabeth T. Makino, Audrey T. Nguyen, Tsing Cheng, Kuniko Kadoya, Rahul Mehta
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
The role of visceral adiposity in the severity of COVID-19: highlights from a unicenter cross-sectional pilot study in Germany. (Special Issue: COVID-19 in metabolism.)
Authors: A. Petersen, K. Bressem, J. Albrecht, H. M. Thie, J. Vahldiek, B. Hamm, M. R. Makowski, A. Niehues, S. M. Niehues, L. C. Adams
Journal: Metabolism (2020)
15350 Consistent scalp psoriasis clearance with mirikizumab maintenance treatment at 104 weeks in patients who had less than PASI 90 response at week 16: A phase 2 study analysis
Authors: Phoebe Rich, Kristian Reich, Robert Bissonnette, Chika Ohata, Craig L. Leonardi, Paul Klekotka, Karen Huayu Liu, Dipak R. Patel, Kim Alexander Papp
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
A Preliminary Analysis of Inherited Immune Checkpoint Control in Multiple Myeloma: Relative Frequency of Inhibitory or Activating Type Killer Immunoglobulin like Receptors and Their Cognate Ligands HLA-C1 and -C2
Authors: Meral Beksac, Pinar Yurdakul, H.Yalim Akin, Gözde Aydin, Merve Bunsuz, Ugur Sahin, Mustafa Merter, Klara Dalva
Journal: Blood (2017)