tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Epilepsy.
Authors: H B Valman
Journal: BMJ (1982)

ABC of 1 to 7 H B VALMAN EPILEPSY Repetitive attacks with similar features are essential for the diagnosis of epilepsy.The attacks may cause changes of consciousness or mood or produce abnormal sensory, motor, or visceral symptoms or signs.These changes are caused by recurring excessive neuronal discharges in the brain, although the electroencephalogram (EEG) may be normal.Investigations are no substitute for a history taken carefully from a witness.Documented absence of fever is essential to exclude the more common problem of febrile convulsions (see next article).The incidence of epilepsy is about 6 in 1000 schoolchildren compared with the incidence of children with febrile convulsions, which is about 30 per 1000 preschool children.Disability depends partly on the frequency and severity of the fits but also on the presence or absence of developmental delay, cerebral palsy or defects in the special senses which would suggest brain damage.The word "damage" will be used in this paper, but for discussion with parents "abnormality" is preferred.Most children with epilepsy attend normal schools, rarely have fits and have no disability apart from the fits.Epileptic fits can be divided into generalised or partial seizures.Generalised seizures include grand and petit mal and myoclonic fits.Partial seizures include focal and temporal lobe fits. Grand malTonicClonic Sleep ... ..
ON HYPOPITUITARISM
Authors: W. Langdon-Brown
Journal: BMJ (1936)

In 1900 Babinsky first described a case of hypopituitarism.It is a matter of historical interest that at that time Cushing and Frohlich, the two men who subsequently added most to our knowledge of pituitary syndromes, were both working in Sherrington's laboratory at Liver- pool.So that apart from Marie's association of acro- megaly with the pituitary in 1886 and Oliver and Schafer's demonstration of an active extract from that gland in 1896, the whole of our knowledge of pituitary physiology and pathology has been gained in the present century.
Omission
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pursuit of the purple
Authors: C. J. Watson
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Let me acknowledge my keen sense of privilege in the invitation to initiate a lectureship which I understand is planned as an annual event. I am indeed grateful for this high honor. I could scarcely expect my audience to be aware of my passion for color. If any of you might think that the title of my talk detects need of a spinalfluid Wassermann, please relax—I have only the straightforward intent of discussing first a small store of information blended from etymology, biography, and history and then a few more recent and perhaps more definitive observations. As we are well aware, etymology often melts insensibly with history at large. The search for the origin of a single word is likely to lead one backward through distant time and human events. For my part, a pursuit of this type adds zest to medical research. <h3>Historical Aspects</h3> If one may speak
Surgical Treatment of Patients With Infective Endocarditis After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Norman Mangner, David del Val, Mohamed Abdel-Wahab, Lisa Crusius, Eric Durand, Nikolaj Ihlemann, Marina Urena, Costanza Pellegrini, Francesco Giannini, Tomasz Gasior, Wojtek Wojakowski, Martin Landt, Vincent Auffret, Jan Malte Sinning, Asim N. Cheema, Luis Nombela-Franco, Chekrallah Chamandi, Francisco Campelo-Parada, Erika Munoz-Garcia, Howard C. Herrmann, Luca Testa, Won-Keun Kim, Juan Carlos Castillo, Alberto Alperi, Didier Tchetche, Antonio L. Bartorelli, Samir Kapadia, Stefan Stortecky, Ignacio Amat-Santos, Harindra C. Wijeysundera, John Lisko, Enrique Gutiérrez-Ibanes, Vicenç Serra, Luisa Salido, Abdullah Alkhodair, Ugolino Livi, Tarun Chakravarty, Stamatios Lerakis, Victoria Vilalta, Ander Regueiro, Rafael Romaguera, Utz Kappert, Marco Barbanti, Jean-Bernard Masson, Frédéric Maes, Claudia Fiorina, Antonio Miceli, Susheel Kodali, Henrique B. Ribeiro, Jose Armando Mangione, Fabio Sandoli de Brito, Guglielmo Mario Actis Dato, Francesco Rosato, Maria-Cristina Ferreira, Valter Correia de Lima, Alexandre Siciliano Colafranceschi, Alexandre Abizaid, Marcos Antonio Marino, Vinicius Esteves, Julio Andrea, Roger R. Godinho, Fernando Alfonso, Helene Eltchaninoff, Lars Søndergaard, Dominique Himbert, Oliver Husser, Azeem Latib, Hervé Le Breton, Clement Servoz, Isaac Pascual, Saif Siddiqui, Paolo Olivares, Rosana Hernandez-Antolin, John G. Webb, Sandro Sponga, Raj Makkar, Annapoorna S. Kini, Marouane Boukhris, Philippe Gervais, Mélanie Côté, David Holzhey, Axel Linke, Josep Rodés-Cabau
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Peripheral blood gene expression profiling shows predictive significance for response to mycophenolate in systemic sclerosis-related interstitial lung disease
Authors: Shervin Assassi, Elizabeth R Volkmann, W Jim Zheng, Xuan Wang, Holly Wilhalme, Marka A Lyons, Michael D Roth, Donald P Tashkin
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2022)

To characterise the peripheral blood cell (PBC) gene expression changes ensuing from mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) or cyclophosphamide (CYC) treatment and to determine the predictive significance of baseline PBC transcript scores for response to immunosuppression in systemic sclerosis (SSc)-related interstitial lung disease (ILD).
Abstract 245: Impact of the Socio-Economic Factors on Clinical Outcome in the Patients With the Cardiac Arrest: A National Health Insurance Database Study
Authors: Su Jin Kim, Sung Woo Lee, Kap Su Han
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: There are a few reports on including socio-economic characteristics of the patients with cardiac arrest over a long period. We intended to analyze discrepancy of pre-existing condition, medical services and find the influencing factors on long-term outcome in cardiac arrest using National health Insurance Service (NHIS) database. Methods: The patients (≥20 yrs) with claim with cardiac arrest event from 2004-2015 were included. The variables including demographics, insurance type, location of residence, pre-existing disease, medical expenses were defined from the raw data of NHIS database. Death within 30 days, 6 months, and 1 year were endpoints. The variables and endpoints were compared according to the type of insurance. The influencing factors and prediction model were analyzed and developed. The t-test, ANOVA, chi-square, logistic regression with generalized estimating equations methods were used (SAS ver 9.4, R software). Results: Health insurance group and medical aid group accounted for 86.7% and 13.3 % of total 488,129 patients. Medical aid group showed higher rate of middle-aged, pre-existing disease, residence in rural area, use of a low level hospital and longer hospitalization days. The mortality rate within 30 days, 6 months and 1 year was higher as 84.9%, 92.9% and 94%, respectively in medical aid group than in health insurance group. Short-term medical expense per 1-year survivor in medical aid group was lower as $5,896, compared with $7,088 in health insurance group and long-term expense was $23,735 in medical aid group compared with $26,524. Age, male, admission through emergency room, high comorbidity index were the prognostic factors for poor outcome. Coverage by health insurance program, care in higher level hospital, ischemic heart disease, arrhythmia and defibrillation were the prognostic factors for survival. The c-statics for 30-days, 6-months, and 1-year mortality were 0.643, 0.679, and 0.687. Conclusion: There are disparities related to demographic data, pre-existing desased, type of medical institute used and clinical outcome. Insurance type, level of medical institute, urbanization level of residence were shown as the influencing factors for short-term and long-term outcome. (NRF-2017R1A2B1005037)
Longitudinal trends of "manels" and gender representation at the ASCO Genitourinary Cancers Symposium.
Authors: Melissa Jessica Huynh, Anushka Ghosh, Beow Y. Yeap, Anthony L. Zietman, Neha Vapiwala, Sophia C. Kamran
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

2 Background: Gender disparity in academic medicine has been a longstanding issue. Efforts have been made to recognize this imbalance and increase inclusivity. Despite this, a recent study examining the prevalence of all-male panels (“manels”) found that female faculty are significantly underrepresented at urology meetings, and nearly two-thirds of the sessions were manels. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the prevalence and longitudinal trends of manels and gender representation across genitourinary oncology disciplines at the ASCO Genitourinary Cancers Symposium (GU ASCO). Methods: GU ASCO online programs from 2018-2021 were used to obtain faculty information. Data collected included perceived gender, medical specialty, and panel role (chair/moderator vs. non-chair/non-moderator). For year 2021, additional data about the panelists, including the number of publications, H-index, citations, and academic rank, was collected. The primary outcomes were the percentage of manels and proportion of female panelists over time. Additionally, female representation among chair/moderators and specialties were evaluated. Results: Among 83 sessions involving 317 faculty members, 227 (71.6%) were males (p&lt;0.001), and 28 panel sessions (33.7%) were manels. Between 2018 and 2020, there was a decrease in the prevalence of manels from 45% to 21.7%, but in 2021, it rose to 32.0%. The proportion of female panel members increased over time from 17.1% in 2018 to 35.7% in 2021 (p=0.012). The role of chair/moderator was predominantly represented by males (67.2%, p&lt;0.001). The proportion of male panelists was particularly high in urology (91.2%, p&lt;0.001) and radiation oncology (81.8%, p=0.002) compared to medical oncology (54.6%). In 2021, male speakers held higher academic rank (i.e. professor, associate, assistant) (p=0.020) and had a greater number of publications (p=0.003), H-index (p=0.009), citations (p=0.014) than females (Table). Conclusions: Over time, the number of female panelists increased with a corresponding decrease in proportion of manels, with the exception of 2021. Future studies that include data on meeting participant demographics will provide insight on whether panelists are over/under-represented in proportion to the audience. While improvements in male and female representation have been made over the years, meeting organizers should strive for representation that reflects a diversity of expertise and perspectives. [Table: see text]
Donald Cooper: coping with the new 'fitness'
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Nearly half of all Americans regardless of age and sex are becoming involved in the "exercise surge." To size up the significance of this new American approach to fitness,<i>JAMA</i>MEDICAL NEWS talked with Donald L. Cooper, MD, director of Student Health Services and team physician at Oklahoma State University, Stillwater. A trainer for more than seven years before he went to medical school, Cooper also was the last physician to chair the AMA's Committee on the Medical Aspects of Sports before it was disbanded in January 1977. The 50-year-old Cooper himself briskly walks at least 4 km within a half-hour period on one or more occasions daily, shuns elevators in favor of stairs, and makes it a point to "get up from his desk and move around a lot." Asked whether the exercise surge will last, Cooper concedes that Americans seem to have a short attention span. So the
Clinical Report.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pneumococcal vaccine.
Authors: R T White
Journal: Thorax (1988)

Pneumococcal vaccineVaccination against pneumococcal pneumonia has a long history.'It began with a whole cell vaccine 70 years ago and developed through the discovery of pneumococcal typing and subdivision ofthe species by capsular antigens.This led to passive immunisation as a form of treatment and to the first type specific vaccines in the 1930s.After the introduction of sulphonamides and antibiotics there was less interest in serum treatment and vaccination.The death rate in the first five days of an attack of bacteraemic pneumonia was not decreased, however, and the case
Abstract 306: Combining Clinical Utstein-Variables With Ventricular Fibrillation (VF) Waveform Characteristics to Discriminate Between Survivors and Non-Survivors of VF Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Joris Nas, Jos Thannhauser, Pierre M van Grunsven, Gjerrit Meinsma, Niels van Royen, Menko Jan de Boer, Judith L Bonnes, Marc A Brouwer
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: During ventricular fibrillation (VF) cardiac arrest, identification of potential survivors and non-survivors could aid treatment related decision making. Several studies have shown the association between clinical Utstein-variables and survival. More recently, VF-waveform characteristics were shown to be associated with survival as well. We aim to assess the discriminative ability for survival of a model combining these approaches. Methods: We studied non EMS-witnessed VF cardiac arrest patients (2008-2011), who had an analyzable ECG-tracing and were not treated with an AED. We compared Utstein-variables and the amplitude spectrum area (AMSA, a marker of VF-coarseness) between survivors and non-survivors to hospital discharge. Age was assessed as categorical variable (&lt;65, 65-80, &gt;80). Variables associated with survival (p&lt;0.1) were combined using a binary logistic regression model. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) was used as measure of model discrimination. Results: We studied 115 patients: 70% (81/115) male, median age 64 years (interquartile range 54-72). In total, 24% (27/115) survived to discharge. Among survivors, the proportion male patients was lower and the proportion receiving bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was higher. Survival decreased across increasing age categories. There was no difference regarding arrest location, witnessed status and EMS response times. AMSA was higher in survivors vs. non-survivors (15 [12-24] mV·Hz vs. 8 [6-11] mV·Hz, p&lt;0.001). The model including age category, gender, bystander CPR and AMSA resulted in an AUC of 0.88 (0.80-0.96, p&lt;0.001), figure 1. Conclusion: We found a good discriminative ability for survival after VF cardiac arrest of a model combining VF-waveform characteristics with clinical Utstein-variables. If confirmed in larger cohorts, this approach may be used to aid treatment related decision making during cardiac arrest.
Does race interfere with the doctor-patient relationship?
Authors: D. Satcher
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Much has been written about the doctor-patient relationship and its many challenges and ramifications.<sup>1</sup>However, almost nothing is written about the effects of race on this relationship. This is unfortunate, since we live in an era of increasing concern for community medicine and for improving the delivery of medical care to all people. In discussing the effects of race on the doctor-patient relationship, our aim must not be merely to accuse or to place blame but to analyze critically the problem, with the goal of improving medical care delivery. Our silence on this issue tends to deny that we see racism as a major barrier to good medical care for many people in our society. We live in a racist society, and all around us the forces of racism help to determine the course of our lives and the nature of our relationship.<sup>2</sup>Unfortunately, racism knows no geographic
Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction: an important predictor of first diagnosed nonvalvular atrial fibrillation in 840 elderly men and women
Authors: Teresa S. Tsang, Bernard J. Gersh, Christopher P. Appleton, Marion E. Barnes, Kent R. Bailey, Samantha C. Montgomery, Yasuhiko Takemoto, James B. Seward
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Statin use and survival in men receiving androgen-ablative therapies for advanced prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.
Authors: Viranda Helitha Jayalath, Roderick Clark, Katherine Lajkosz, Neil E. Fleshner, Robert James Hamilton
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

83 Background: Mounting evidence support a role for statins in improving survival in advanced prostate cancer (PC), particularly among men on androgen-ablative therapies. This study aimed to systemically review and meta-analyze the relationship between statin use and survival among men with PC on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) or androgen receptor-axis-targeted therapies (ARATs). Methods: This review was conducted in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews and reported in compliance with the MOOSE guidelines. Medline, Embase, Epub Ahead of Print, Cochrane CT, Cochrane SR, and Web of Science were searched from inception to May 18, 2021, for observational studies reporting associations of postdiagnostic statin use and survival outcomes (hazard ratios [HRs]). Two authors independently abstracted all data. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The primary outcomes included overall mortality (OM) and Prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM). Summary estimates pooled multivariable HRs with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using the generic inverse variance method with random-effects modelling. Heterogeneity was assessed and quantified. A priori subgroup and sensitivity analyses were undertaken, and publication bias was evaluated. Confidence in the evidence was assessed using GRADE. Results: Twenty-five cohorts of 119,878 men (64,717 statin users [54%]) with over 74,416 mortality events were included. Postdiagnostic statin use was associated with a 27% reduction in the risk of OM (19 cohorts, HR 0.73 [95%CI: 0.66 to 0.82], I 2 = 83%) and a 35% reduction in the risk of PCSM (14 cohorts, HR 0.65 [95%CI: 0.58 to 0.73], I 2 = 74%), with significant heterogeneity in both estimates. Subgroup analyses identified a PCSM-advantage of statins for men on ARATs compared to ADT (HR 0.40 [95%CI: 0.30 to 0.55] vs HR 0.68 [95%CI: 0.60 to 0.76], p-difference &lt; 0.01). Confidence in the overall evidence was “low” for both outcomes. Conclusions: Postdiagnostic statin use reduced both overall and prostate cancer-specific mortality in men on androgen-ablative therapies for advanced PC. Randomized controlled trials are warranted to validate these findings.
Diagnostic imaging.
Authors: R H Corbett
Journal: BMJ (1979)

In February 1978 the patient went skiing with his school colleagues, and being afraid of taking drugs in the presence of his friends he stopped taking his immunosuppressive therapy for two weeks.Seen again at the end of March 1978 he was azotaemic, with a plasma creatinine of 884 ,umol/l (10-0 mg/100 ml).An open biopsy of the transplant showed the signs of an acute interstitial graft rejection.Under high-dose steroids administered in addition to his continuous immunosuppressive regimen the graft function improved again, and since June 1978 the plasma creatinine is stable at about 256 tmol/l (2 9 mg/100 ml).
Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections vs Placebo for Patients With Ankle Osteoarthritis
Authors: Po-Jui Chu
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal