tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TRIM29 expression and its survival predictor value in colorectal cancer with different primary tumor location.
Authors: Jing Han, Xue Zhang, Zhisong Fan, Yudong Wang, Li Feng, Jing Zuo, Long Wang, Dan Li, Jiayin Liu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

e15528 Background: It is clear that, in colorectal cancer (CRC), patients with different primary tumor location have variant prognosis and distinct clinicopathological features.So, it is very necessary to find specific tumor markers for different tumor sites.Our previous study have found TRIM29 is higher expressed in right colon cancer(RCC) than left colon cancer(LCC) patients in a small sample size reviewed study.So we speculated TRIM29 have different effect on the patients with different tumor side.But in our previous study, we didn’t investigate the TRIM29 expression in rectal cancer patients(RECC) and observed the effect of TRIM29 on the survival by different tumor side patients.So we decide to explore whether TRIM29 plays a different role in patients with three different tumor sites in a larger sample size study. Methods: 227 CRC cases were included in our retrospectively study,the patients were divided into LCC, RCC and RECC three groups. We first tested TRIM29 mRNA and protein expression level in LCC, RCC and RECC respectively to confirm whether TRIM29 expressed differently in patients with different tumor location. Then we explore the relationship between TRIM29 and clinicopathologic features in the patients with three tumor sites respectively.At last, we explore whether TRIM29 has different effect on the survival of the patients with three different tumor location. Results: TRIM29 mRNA and protein expression was significantly higher in RCC than in LCC and RECC ( P&lt; 0.0001, P&lt; 0.001).High TRIM29 expression was only associated with intestinal obstruction before surgery in LCC patients( P = 0.006) and it was associated with higher frequency of stage TNM IIĨIV and younger patients in RECC( P = 0.015 and 0.000), whereas it was associated with higher frequency of male, elder, stage IIĨIV patients, N+ and intestinal obstruction patients in RCC( P = 0.000,0.000,0.000,0.000 and 0.010).Only in the RCC group, patients with high TRIM29 expression both had a significant difference in the risk of recurrence/metastasis and death compared to patients with low TRIM29 expression( P = 0.020,0.000). Conclusions: TRIM29 plays different role in the patients with different tumor sites.TRIM29 has a greater correlation with clinicopathological features and greater effect on the prognosis in right colon cancer.TRIM29 may serve as a new biomarker and a novel therapeutic target in RCC patients.
Limited functional convergence of eye-specific inputs in the retinogeniculate pathway of the mouse
Authors: Joel Bauer, Simon Weiler, Martin H.P. Fernholz, David Laubender, Volker Scheuss, Mark Hübener, Tobias Bonhoeffer, Tobias Rose
Journal: Neuron (2021)

Segregation of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons by type and eye of origin is considered a hallmark of dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) structure. However, recent anatomical studies have shown that neurons in mouse dLGN receive input from multiple RGC types of both retinae. Whether convergent input leads to relevant functional interactions is unclear. We studied functional eye-specific retinogeniculate convergence using dual-color optogenetics in vitro. dLGN neurons were strongly dominated by input from one eye. Most neurons received detectable input from the non-dominant eye, but this input was weak, with a prominently reduced AMPAR:NMDAR ratio. Consistent with this, only a small fraction of thalamocortical neurons was binocular in vivo across visual stimuli and cortical projection layers. Anatomical overlap between RGC axons and dLGN neuron dendrites alone did not explain the strong bias toward monocularity. We conclude that functional eye-specific input selection and refinement limit convergent interactions in dLGN, favoring monocularity.
Outcomes of patients with multiple myeloma treated at a regional Australian center compared to a metropolitan Australian center.
Authors: Sylvia Ai, Sharlyn Kang, Peter Presgrave, Kim Cartwright, Pauline Warburton, Shrinivas Desai, Gurdeep Parmar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

e20003 Background: A number of studies have demonstrated poorer outcomes for patients with cancer who live in rural/regional areas compared to metropolitan areas. There is conflicting information on the effect of rurality on outcomes of patients with multiple myeloma, and limited information regarding the cause of this discrepancy. Methods: Retrospective analysis of demographic, treatment and outcomes of 238 patients newly diagnosed with multiple myeloma between 2002-2019 in the Illawara Shoalhaven Local Health District. Results: Patients being treated in a regional cancer care centre had lower overall survival compared to those treated at a metropolitan cancer care centre (median OS = 63.6 months vs. 43.8 months, p=0.004), and a trend towards lower progression-free survival (median PFS = 24.7 months vs. 19.8 months, p=0.228) despite treatment by the same group of hematologists. There was a lower rate of autologous transplantation for patients treated at a regional cancer care centre compared to a metropolitan cancer care centre (36% vs. 18%, p=0.007). Conclusions: Survival differences between patients with multiple myeloma living in regional areas compared to metropolitan areas may be due to lower rates of autologous transplantation.
Pathological evaluation of a rectal endoscopic submucosal dissection specimen using micro-computed tomography
Authors: Hirotsugu Sakamoto, Makoto Nishimura, Alexei Teplov, Emine Cesmecioglu, Noboru Kawata, Jinru Shia, Yukako Yagi
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is widely used for resecting superficial gastrointestinal neoplasms that are difficult to remove en bloc by conventional endoscopic mucosal resection. After the resected specimen is sectioned into slices a few millimeters thick, slides are created for histologic examination. However, the slides produced represent only a small fraction of the lesion, and there is always the possibility of missing significant findings in the unexamined areas. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is a novel in vitro tomographic method that allows the examination of fresh tissue or paraffin blocks non-destructively with a spatial resolution [1]. Previous studies have shown the potential of micro-CT images in revealing the detailed structures of breast cancer and thyroid cancer [2] [3]. Here we describe a superficial rectal cancer removed by ESD for which micro-CT revealed diagnostic information that was not well visualized on routine histology.
圧力ワイヤ,冠動脈造影,およびIVUSパラメータを用いたシロリムス溶出ステント再狭窄の予測物
Authors: Ishii Hideshi, Kataoka Toru, Tsumori Takara, Takeshita Hiroaki, Nishimura Satoshi, Shirai Nobuyuki, Matsumoto Ryo, Hasegawa Takao, Nakata Shinji, Ehara Shoichi, Kobayashi Yoshiki, Yoshiyama Minoru
Journal: Circulation (2009)
Randomized phase II study comparing docetaxel versus paclitaxel in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who are refractory to fluoropyrimidine and platinum-based chemotherapy: OGSG1201.
Authors: Takayuki Kii, Sachiko Yamamoto, Hiroki Hara, Ryohei Kawabata, Junji Kawada, Atsushi Takeno, Jin Matsuyama, Shugo Ueda, Hisato Kawakami, Yoshihiro Okita, Shunji Endo, Yutaka Kimura, Kazuhiro Yanagihara, Tatsuya Okuno, Toshio Shimokawa, Taroh Satoh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

4037 Background: Fluoropyrimidine and platinum-based chemotherapy are considered first-line therapy options for patients with unresectable advanced or recurrent metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC). After fluoropyrimidine and platinum-based chemotherapy is failed, taxanes (docetaxel(DTX) and paclitaxel(PTX)) was mainly used as a second-line treatment for ESCC. Therefore, we conducted a trial to compare DTX and PTX in patients with unresectable advanced or recurrent ESCC who were failed to previous fluoropyrimidine and platinum-based chemotherapy. Methods: We did a randomized, an open-labeled and multicentre phase 2 study. Inclusion criteria included age 20 to 80 years with unresectable advanced or recurrent ESCC, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status score of 0 or 1. Patients who were refractory to fluoropyrimidine and platinum-based chemotherapy. Treatment consisted of DTX 70 mg/m2 repeated every 21 days or PTX 100 mg/m2 once weekly on days 1, 8, 15, 22, 29, and 36 of a 49-day cycle. Results: 80 patients were enrolled between May 2012 and April 2019. 41 patients received DTX and 39 patients received PTX. After assessment of eligibility, two patients proved uneligible (one for double cancer, one for contraindication to DTX) and were excluded from the analysis. But, 80 patients were evaluable for the toxicity analyses. A median follow-up time was 32 months. Overall survival was significantly longer in the PTX group than in the DTX group (median, 8.8 months vs. 7.3 months; hazard ratio, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.9998; P = 0.047). The median progression-free survival was significantly longer in the PTX group than in the DTX group (median, 4.4 months vs. 2.1 months; hazard ratio, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.30 to 0.78; P = 0.002). The median time to treatment failure was significantly longer in the PTX group than in the DTX group (median, 3.8 months vs. 2.1 months; hazard ratio, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.28 to 0.73; P＜0.001). The most common adverse events of grade 3 or higher were a decreased neutrophil count (in 28% of the PTX group and in 80% of the DTX group). Febrile neutropenia was also more frequent in the DTX group than the PTX group (46％ vs. 0%). There was one death from sudden death in which treatment-related mortality could not be ruled out. Conclusions: Secound-line treatment with PTX, as compared with DTX, reduced the risk of ESCC. Clinical trial information: UMIN000007940.
Abdominal desmoid- course, unique genetic background, and severe outcomes in a large local series.
Authors: Ophir Gilad, Ophir Gilad, Hana Strul, Guy Rosner, Nathan Gluck, Naomi Fliss-Isacov, Joseph Klausner, Ido Wolf, Ofer Merimsky, Yael Goldberg, Zohar Levi, Alona Zer, Revital Kariv
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

e23544 Background: Abdominal desmoid tumors are locally aggressive, non-metastatic tumors that develop mainly in Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) patients, within the mesentery or abdominal wall. Understanding and implications of treatment regimens are evolving. We aimed to assess course, treatment and outcomes of FAP and non-FAP abdominal desmoids and their related genetic alterations. Methods: Retrospective cohort study. Demographics, tumor characteristics, oncological and surgical history, complications, genetic-testing and mortality data were retrieved from two tertiary referral centers. Results: Sixty-two patients were identified (46 FAP, 16 non-FAP) with a median follow up of 72.4 months. Thirty-eight patients (61.3%) underwent surgical procedures: twelve urgent and 26 elective. Out of 33 tumor resections, 39.4% recurred. Hormonal therapy, COX-inhibitors, chemotherapy, imatinib and sorafenib were used in 35(56.4%), 30(48.4%), 18(29.1%), 7(11.3%) and 8(12.9%) of patients, respectively, with 2 years progression-free survival of 67.8%, 57.7%, 38.4%, 28.5%, respectively. Only 1/9 patients treated with sorafenib had disease progression after a median follow up of 6.8 months. Forty-one patients (66.1%) suffered complications: bowel obstruction (30.6%), hyperalimentation (14.5%), ureteral obstruction (12.9%), perforation (11.3%), abscess formation (3.2%) and spinal cord compression (3.2%). Two patients died. Non-FAP patients presented with three renal-cell carcinomas and one germ-cell tumor and carried pathogenic mutations in CHEK2, BLM, ERCC5, MSH6 and PALB2. Conclusions: Abdominal desmoids are mostly FAP-related and are associated with severe outcomes. We report a group of non-FAP abdominal desmoids that includes patients with additional cancer-related gene alterations. This interesting group should undergo genetic consultation and be further explored.
Methylxanthines in COPD: yes to caffeine, no to theophylline
Authors: Ken M. Kunisaki, Don D. Sin
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2021)

Many readers of this journal and many of our patients will partake of a daily dose of 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine, perhaps in the form of drip coffee, espresso, Yerba mate, or Oolong tea. Several decades ago, medical providers would have commonly followed their morning caffeinated beverage by prescribing oral 1,3-dimethylxanthine, also known as theophylline, to many of their patients with COPD. With subsequent development of more effective and less toxic inhaler-based treatments for COPD, theophylline use has dramatically decreased in high-income countries, but not in low-to-middle income countries (LMICs). Nevertheless, interest in theophyllines persisted, particularly in patients with COPD, for whom experimental data suggested potential anti-inflammatory and steroid-potentiating effects in low doses [1]. Worldwide, theophylline is still one of the most widely used COPD medications in clinical practice. In a sample of 210 COPD patients in Taiwan, for example, investigators showed that methylxanthines were more commonly prescribed than long-acting β-agonists [2]. The authors of this editorial strongly recommend against the use of daily low-dose theophyllines for patients with COPD <https://bit.ly/2LEE0w6>
A Manual of Surgical Treatment.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An MD2-perturbing peptide has therapeutic effects in rodent and rhesus monkey models of stroke
Authors: Zongping Fang, Di Wu, Jiao Deng, Qianzi Yang, Xijing Zhang, Jian Chen, Shiquan Wang, Sijun Hu, Wugang Hou, Siming Ning, Yi Ding, Zhongmin Fan, Zhenhua Jiang, Junjun Kang, Yingying Liu, Jinlin Miao, Xunming Ji, Hailong Dong, Lize Xiong
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2021)

Tat-CIRP perturbed the function of MD2 and provided robust neuroprotection in cells, rodents, and gyrencephalic nonhuman primates.
A Phase Ib Study of Atezolizumab with Radium-223 Dichloride in Men with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Lawrence Fong, Michael J. Morris, Oliver Sartor, Celestia S. Higano, Lance Pagliaro, Ajjai Alva, Leonard J. Appleman, Winston Tan, Ulka Vaishampayan, Raphaelle Porcu, Darren Tayama, Edward E. Kadel, Kobe C. Yuen, Asim Datye, Andrew J. Armstrong, Daniel P. Petrylak
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract Purpose: Men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) have limited treatment options after progressing on hormonal therapy and chemotherapy. Here, we evaluate the safety and efficacy of atezolizumab (anti–PD-L1) + radium-223 dichloride (radium-223) in men with mCRPC. Patients and Methods: This phase Ib study evaluated atezolizumab + radium-223 in men with mCRPC and bone and lymph node and/or visceral metastases that progressed after androgen pathway inhibitor treatment. Following safety assessment of concurrent dosing, 45 men were randomized 1:1:1 to concurrent or one of two staggered dosing schedules with either agent introduced one cycle before the other. This was followed by a safety–efficacy expansion cohort (randomized 1:1:1). The primary endpoints were safety and objective response rate (ORR) by RECIST 1.1. Secondary endpoints included radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS), PSA responses, and overall survival (OS). Results: As of October 4, 2019, 44 of 45 men were evaluable. All 44 had ≥1 all-cause adverse event (AE); 23 (52.3%) had a grade 3/4 AE. Fifteen (34.1%) grade 3/4 and 3 (6.8%) grade 5 AEs were related to atezolizumab; none were related to radium-223. Confirmed ORR was 6.8% [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.4–18.7], median rPFS was 3.0 months (95% CI, 2.8–4.6), median PSA progression was 3.0 months (95% CI, 2.8–3.3), and median OS was 16.3 months (95% CI, 10.9–22.3). Conclusions: This phase Ib study demonstrated that atezolizumab + radium-223, regardless of administration schedule, had greater toxicity than either drug alone, with no clear evidence of additional clinical benefit for patients with mCRPC and bone and lymph node and/or visceral metastases.
CRISPR activation of long non-coding RNA DANCR promotes bone regeneration
Authors: Nuong Thi Kieu Nguyen, Yu-Han Chang, Vu Anh Truong, Mu-Nung Hsu, Nam Ngoc Pham, Chin-Wei Chang, Yi-Hsiu Wu, Yi-Hao Chang, Hung Li, Yu-Chen Hu
Journal: Biomaterials (2021)
The relationships between cancer diagnosis/prognosis awareness and quality of life, anxiety, and depression in Chinese gastroesophageal cancer patients: A cross-correlation analysis.
Authors: Long Wang, Jing Zuo, Yudong Wang, Li Feng, Xue Zhang, Jing Han, Dan Li, Xinyan Hu, Jiayin Liu, Xinliang Zhou, Zhisong Fan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

e24111 Background: Many gastroesophageal cancer patients in China are not made aware of their cancer diagnosis/prognosis. Explorations of the differences in depression, anxiety and quality of life between cancer patients with and without such awareness are rare. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between cancer awareness status and quality of life, anxiety and depression in gastroesophageal cancer patients. Methods: Participants were gastroesophageal cancer patients recruited from a medical center in North China. The degree of awareness of their cancer diagnosis/prognosis was evaluated via interviews. Data were collected using the Self-Rating Anxiety/Depression Scale and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 and were analyzed using quantitative methods. Results: The study included 157 gastroesophageal cancer patients: 31 were completely unaware of their cancer diagnosis/prognosis (19.75%); 51 were partly aware (32.48%); and 75 were fully aware (47.78%). Thirty patients (19.11%) experienced anxiety and 35 (22.9%) depression. Unawareness of the real disease status was significantly correlated with worse quality of life (cognitive functioning, social functioning and appetite loss) ( Ps &lt; 0.05) and anxiety ( P = 0.003). Conclusions: More than 50% of gastroesophageal cancer patients were unaware their diagnosis/prognosis completely and were more likely to experience worse quality of life and anxiety. Medical staff and family members should take appropriate measures to make patients aware of their cancer diagnosis/prognosis, as awareness is valuable for improving quality of life and negative emotions, contributing to the successful overall management of gastroesophageal cancer.
Impact of psychosocial factors on the receipt of guideline concordant care in adolescent and young adults with localized Ewing sarcoma and osteosarcoma.
Authors: Rushad Machhi, Amanda Marie Parkes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

e18658 Background: Adolescent and young adults (AYAs) experience poorer outcomes, including lower survival improvements, compared to younger and older patients. As higher compliance with National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines has been associated with improved outcomes, we sought to understand the influence of psychosocial factors on receipt of care concordant with NCCN guidelines in AYAs with bone sarcomas. Methods: Retrospective chart review was performed on adult AYA patients (18-39 years) with localized Ewing sarcoma (ES) or high-grade conventional osteosarcoma (OS) seen at least once between 2015-2019 at the University of Wisconsin (UW). These tumor types were selected given uniform guideline-based care recommendations. Chart review identified receipt of standard care as per NCCN Bone Cancer guidelines, defined as neoadjuvant chemotherapy, local therapy (surgery/radiation), and adjuvant chemotherapy with receipt of at least 75% of recommended chemotherapy cycles, and compared to interpersonal relationships (marital status and presence of children at cancer diagnosis), changes in school or work following cancer diagnosis, substance use, and residential location. Results: We identified 21 AYA patients with localized ES (10/21, 48%) or OS (11/21, 52%), with 67% (14/21) receiving NCCN guideline concordant care. Receipt of guideline concordant care was associated with interpersonal relationships, with only 33% (1/3) of patients with children versus 72% (13/18) of patients without children receiving guideline concordant care. Additionally, the one patient noted to divorce following cancer diagnosis did not receive guideline concordant care (0/1, 0%) as compared with 67% (10/15) of single patients and 80% (4/5) of married patients. Vocational changes also affected care, with only 56% (5/9) of patients with work change following cancer diagnosis receiving guideline concordant care versus 75% (9/12) without work changes. Guideline concordant care was less common in patients with alcohol use (5/10, 50%) as compared with patients without alcohol use (9/11, 82%). Residential distance to UW was also associated with receipt of guideline concordant care, which was more common in patients living 0-20 miles from UW (86%, 6/7) as compared with those 21-100 miles from UW (60%, 6/10) or &gt; 100 miles from UW (50%, 2/4). Conclusions: Given the occurrence of cancer during a complex developmental time, AYAs have a relatively high occurrence of psychosocial changes and needs, which we found to be associated with receipt of NCCN guideline concordant care in patients with localized ES and OS. While a limited sample size, as the first study to define specific psychosocial factors that affect receipt of guideline concordant care, these finding suggest the need to improve identification and support of these discrete patient factors.