Demographic Correlates of Short-Term Mortality Among Youth and Young Adults With Youth-Onset Diabetes Diagnosed From 2002 to 2015: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study
Authors: Jean M. Lawrence, Kristi Reynolds, Sharon H. Saydah, Amy Mottl, Catherine Pihoker, Dana Dabelea, Lawrence Dolan, Leora Henkin, Angela D. Liese, Scott Isom, Jasmin Divers, Lynne Wagenknecht, Jean M. Lawrence, Peggy Hung, Corinna Koebnick, Xia Li, Eva Lustigova, Kristi Reynolds, David J. Pettitt, Elizabeth J. Mayer-Davis, Amy Mottl, Joan Thomas, Malaka Jackson, Lisa Knight, Angela D. Liese, Christine Turley, Deborah Bowlby, James Amrhein, Elaine Apperson, Bryce Nelson, Dana Dabelea, Anna Bellatorre, Tessa Crume, Richard F. Hamman, Katherine A. Sauder, Allison Shapiro, Lisa Testaverde, Georgeanna J. Klingensmith, David Maahs, Marian J. Rewers, Paul Wadwa, Stephen Daniels, Michael G. Kahn, Greta Wilkening, Clifford A. Bloch, Jeffrey Powell, Kathy Love-Osborne, Diana C. Hu, Lawrence M. Dolan, Amy S. Shah, Debra A. Standiford, Elaine M. Urbina, Catherine Pihoker, Irl Hirsch, Grace Kim, Faisal Malik, Lina Merjaneh, Alissa Roberts, Craig Taplin, Joyce Yi-Frazier, Natalie Beauregard, Cordelia Franklin, Carlo Gangan, Sue Kearns, Mary Klingsheim, Beth Loots, Michael Pascual, Carla Greenbaum, Santica M. Marcovina, Alan Chait, Noemie Clouet-Foraison, Jessica Harting, Greg Strylewicz, Ralph D’Agostino, Elizabeth T. Jensen, Lynne E. Wagenknecht, Ramon Casanova, Jasmin Divers, Maureen T. Goldstein, Leora Henkin, Scott Isom, Kristin Lenoir, June Pierce, Beth Reboussin, Joseph Rigdon, Andrew Michael South, Jeanette Stafford, Cynthia Suerken, Brian Wells, Carrie Williams, Giuseppina Imperatore, Sharon H. Saydah, Barbara Linder
Journal: Diabetes Care (2021)

OBJECTIVE To examine short-term mortality and cause of death among youth and young adults (YYAs) with youth-onset diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We included 19,717 YYAs newly diagnosed with diabetes before 20 years of age from 1 January 2002 to 31 December 2015 enrolled in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study. Of these, 14,721 had type 1; 4,141 type 2; and 551 secondary and 304 other/unknown diabetes type. Cases were linked with the National Death Index through 31 December 2017. We calculated standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and 95% CIs based on age, sex, and race/ethnicity for state and county population areas and examined underlying causes of death. RESULTS During 170,148 person-years (PY) (median follow-up 8.5 years), 283 individuals died: 133 with type 1 (103.0/100,000 PY), 55 with type 2 (161.5/100,000 PY), 87 with secondary (1,952/100,000 PY), and 8 with other/unknown diabetes type (312.3/100,000 PY). SMRs (95% CI) for the first three groups were 1.5 (1.2–1.8), 2.3 (1.7–3.0), and 28.0 (22.4–34.6), respectively. Diabetes was the underlying cause of death for 42.1%, 9.1%, and 4.6% of deaths, respectively. The SMR was greater for type 2 than for type 1 diabetes (P &amp;lt; 0.001). SMRs were significantly higher for individuals with type 1 diabetes who were &amp;lt;20 years of age, non-Hispanic White and Hispanic, and female and for individuals with type 2 diabetes who were &amp;lt;25 years of age, from all race/ethnic minority groups, and from both sexes. CONCLUSIONS Excess mortality was observed among YYAs for each type of diabetes with differences in risk associated with diabetes type, age, race/ethnicity, and sex. The root causes of excess mortality among YYAs with diabetes merit further study.