tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Regional and global left ventricular function in infants with anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary trunk: preoperative and postoperative assessment.
Authors: A JRein, S DColan, I AParness, S PSanders
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary trunk (ALCA) remains a diagnostic as well as a therapeutic problem. The purposes of this study were: (1) to analyze left ventricular mechanics, including regional wall motion, in infants with ALCA, (2) to determine if the pattern of wall motion in infants with ALCA distinguishes these patients from those with congestive cardiomyopathy of other causes, and (3) to evaluate the potential for recovery of left ventricular function after successful restoration of a dual coronary artery system. Left ventricular mechanics were studied before and serially after surgery in six infants (2 to 13 months old) with ALCA. Fifteen age-matched normal subjects and seven age-matched patients with idiopathic congestive cardiomyopathy were also studied for comparison. Preoperatively, the end-diastolic volume in infants with ALCA was about four times larger than normal and did not differ from that in infants with CM; the myocardial volume was also about three times...
Cardiomyocytes differentiated in vitro from embryonic stem cells developmentally express cardiac-specific genes and ionic currents.
Authors: V AMaltsev, A MWobus, JRohwedel, MBader, JHescheler
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

Cardiomyocytes differentiated in vitro from pluripotent embryonic stem (ES) cells of line D3 via embryo-like aggregates (embryoid bodies) were characterized by the whole-cell patch-clamp technique during the entire differentiation period. Spontaneously contracting cardiomyocytes were enzymatically isolated by collagenase from embryoid body outgrowths of early, intermediate, and terminal differentiation stages. The early differentiated cardiomyocytes exhibited an outwardly rectifying, transient K+ current sensitive to 4-aminopyridine and an inward Ca2+ current but no Na+ current. The Ca2+ current showed all features of L-type Ca2+ current, being highly sensitive to 1,4-dihydropyridines but not to omega-conotoxin. Cardiomyocytes of intermediate stage were characterized by the additional expression of cardiac-specific Na+ current, the delayed K+ current, and If current. Terminally differentiated cardiomyocytes expressed a Ca2+ channel density about three times higher than that of early stage. In addition, tw...
Biphasic effects of repeated alcohol intake on 24-hour blood pressure in hypertensive patients.
Authors: YKawano, SKojima, TAshida, MKuramochi, HMatsuoka, TOmae
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDThe association between alcohol and blood pressure (BP) may be related to the temporal sequencing of alcohol use and BP measurement. We investigated the effects of single and repeated intakes of alcohol on 24-hour BP.METHODS AND RESULTSFourteen male habitual drinkers with essential hypertension were placed sequentially on a 4-day control phase: a nonalcoholic drink with the same calories as alcohol was given at dinner (5 PM to 6 PM) and a 7-day drinking phase: alcohol (ethanol, 1 mL/kg) was given at dinner under standardized conditions. Ambulatory BP measurements were performed on day 3 of the control phase and on days 1 and 7 of the alcohol phase. The average 24-hour systolic and diastolic BPs on day 1 were significantly lower than those in the control phase and on day 7. Between 6 PM and midnight, both systolic and diastolic BPs on days 1 and 7 (121 +/- 2/73 +/- 1 and 126 +/- 4/75 +/- 2 mm Hg, respectively) were significantly lower than those in the control phase (139 +/- 4/83 +/- 2 mm Hg). Be...
Excitation-contraction coupling in myocardium of nonhibernating and hibernating chipmunks: effects of isoprenaline, a high calcium medium, and ryanodine.
Authors: NKondo
Journal: Circulation Research (1986)

The electromechanical responses to isoprenaline and a high calcium medium on cardiac muscles from nonhibernating and hibernating chipmunks were studied in the presence and the absence of ryanodine. In nonhibernating animal preparations, isoprenaline (5 X 10(-8) M) caused a marked positive inotropic effect with an increase in the amplitude of the action potential plateau and augmented the slow action potential in muscle depolarized with 26 mM K+. In hibernating animal preparations, isoprenaline failed to cause a positive inotropic effect in spite of an increase in the amplitude of action potential plateau and slow action potentials. Similar inotropic effects were caused in the two preparations when extracellular calcium was raised to 6 mM, but action potential plateau and slow action potentials of the two preparations were less affected by this procedure; only in nonhibernating animal preparations was the amplitude of the slow action potential slightly increased. Ryanodine (2 X 10(-6) M) partially inhibite...
The Site of Airway Collapse in Sleep Apnea, Its Associations with Disease Severity and Obesity, and Implications for Mechanical Interventions
Authors: Chung Man Sung, Shi Nee Tan, Min-Ho Shin, Jongho Lee, Hong Chan Kim, Sang Chul Lim, Hyung Chae Yang
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2021)
93TiP MERMAID-2: Phase III study of durvalumab in patients with resected, stage II-III NSCLC who become MRD+ after curative-intent therapy
Authors: D.R. Spigel, S. Peters, M-J. Ahn, M. Tsuboi, J. Chaft, D. Harpole, F. Barlesi, C. Abbosh, H. Mann, R. May, P.A. Dennis, C. Swanton
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Tight Glucose Control in Critically Ill Adults
Authors: Bruce Ryan Bistrian
Journal: JAMA (2008)

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Confounding in epidemiological studies.
Authors: A. Morabia
Journal: BMJ (1992)

At the time of Mrs Boyes's death the existence of paradoxical pain was recognised by only a few pain specialists.Consultants such as Dr Cox would certainly not have been expected to be aware of it.The choice presented to Dr Cox was stark: either to walk away from his patient and leave her to it or to do what he did.Mr Justice Ognall told Dr Cox that his choice was "a total betrayal of his unequivocal dutv as a physician."Most doctors faced with this dilemma may consider that Dr Cox did his medical duty despite the risk to himself.Mr Justice Devlin set out the rules for doctors in R v Adams."The doctor is entitled to do all that is proper to relieve pain and suffering, even if the measures he takes incidentally shorten life," but "if the acts are intended to kill, and do in fact kill, it is still murder."In practical terms doctors are allowed to assist death by giving large doses of morphine or heroin.But what if heroin, normally the strongest pain killing drug available, increases pain and there is no rationale for using other drugs?Paradoxical pain induced by heroin was not known in Devlin's time.Does his dictum need to be brought up to date?
Automated quantitation of indexes of coronary lesion complexity. Comparison between patients with stable and unstable angina.
Authors: S JKalbfleisch, M JMcGillem, S BSimon, S FDeBoe, I MPinto, G BMancini
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Analysis of lesion morphology is becoming increasingly important in the study of coronary artery disease. Lesion irregularity has been shown to be one of the most important predictive features for development of myocardial infarction. Most studies to date have used only qualitative assessments of morphology and are thus subject to variability and lack of standardization inherent in subjective visual inspection. We describe a new approach that allows quantitation of lesion morphology. Fifty-nine patients with unstable angina and 17 patients with stable angina were compared. Five morphometric parameters were tested (peaks per centimeter, summed maximum error per centimeter, integrated error per centimeter, number of major features per centimeter, and scaled edge length ratio), four of which were significantly different between the two groups and indicated greater lesion complexity in unstable compared with stable angina patients. No correlation was found between the parameters tested and the degree of lumin...
Parachute deformity of the tricuspid valve.
Authors: M J Maitre Azcarate
Journal: Thorax (1980)

Parachute deformity of the tricuspid valveSir,-We have read with interest the report' in which parachute deformity of the tricuspid valve is con- sidered to be the first reported case.In 1972 we published a report of two cases of cor triatriatum.2One of them proved at necropsy to have a tricuspid valve whose anterior and posterior leaflets were fused.The chordae tendineae of the resulting valve (septal and antero-posterior) were inserted into a single smooth papillary muscle that originated in the apex of the ventricle.The tricuspid valve thus acquired the typical aspect of a parachute valve.We think that anomalies of the tricuspid valve are more frequent than published reports indicate.This is probably because the clinical findings and pathological anatomical features are masked by the severe anatomical lesions with which they are usually associated.'
Contribution Of Retrograde Cholangiopancreatogaphy In The Treatment Of The Complications Of The Pancreas Divisum
Authors: S Bradai, M Mahmoudi, A Khsiba, M Medhioub, A Ben Mohamed, L Hamzaoui, MM Azzouz
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Pancreas divisum is the most common congenital malformation of the pancreas. It is secondary to the absence of fusion of the ventral duct and dorsal duct of the pancreas during the first weeks of embryogenesis. Retrograde cholangiopancreatogaphy (ERCP), previously used as a diagnostic tool, currently plays a role in the treatment of symptomatic forms. The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy of ERCP in the management of symptomatic pancreas divisum.
Isolation and characterization of myosin heavy chain isozymes of the bovine conduction system.
Authors: IKomuro, KNomoto, TSugiyama, MKurabayashi, FTakaku, YYazaki
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

To determine the characteristics of cardiac myosin in the conduction system, a pure Purkinje fiber preparation, consisting of atrioventricular nodes and the ventricular conduction system, was obtained from bovine hearts. Two types of myosin heavy chain isozymes, alpha-type and beta-type, were fractionated by affinity chromotography using monoclonal antibodies CMA19 and HMC50, which are specific for the alpha-type heavy chain and beta-type heavy chain, respectively. Competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay demonstrated that the content of beta-type in the atrioventricular node (30-40%) was higher than that in atrial ordinary myocardium (10-20%) and that of the alpha-type was 30-40% in the ventricular conduction system, which was much higher than that in the ventricular ordinary myocardium (less than 10%). By one- and two-dimensional electrophoresis of the peptides produced by partial and complete digestion, the peptide compositions of alpha-type and beta-type in the conduction system were shown to be ...
Identification of transient and persistent segmental wall motion abnormalities in patients with unstable angina by two-dimensional echocardiography.
Authors: J VNixon, C NBrown, T CSmitherman
Journal: Circulation (1982)

To determine the value of real-time, two-dimensional echocardiography (2-D echo) in unstable angina, regional wall motion on serial short-axis 2-D echo recordings was analyzed and summed segment scores of abnormal motion were compared and classified according to each patient's clinical status 12 weeks after hospital discharge. Nineteen male patients who fulfilled criteria for unstable angina and responded to medical therapy underwent 2-D echo study within 48 hours of admission and discharge. Of 11 patients with abnormal 2-D echo scores on admission, five patients had reduced scores and six patients had similar or increased scores at discharge. Six of eight patients who had scores of zero on admission had scores of zero at discharge. At follow-up, 11 patients had minimal or no angina pectoris (group 1), and eight patients had worsening angina or recurrent unstable angina (group 2). At discharge, 2-D echo studies showed that all group 1 patients had reduced or zero scores, while group 2 patients retained or...
Fibrinogen, viscosity, and white blood cell count are major risk factors for ischemic heart disease. The Caerphilly and Speedwell collaborative heart disease studies.
Authors: J WYarnell, I ABaker, P MSweetnam, DBainton, J RO'Brien, P JWhitehead, P CElwood
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDRecent studies have suggested that hemostatic factors and white blood cell count are predictive of ischemic heart disease (IHD). The relations of fibrinogen, viscosity, and white blood cell count to the incidence of IHD in the Caerphilly and Speedwell prospective studies are described.METHODS AND RESULTSThe two studies have a common core protocol and are based on a combined cohort of 4,860 middle-aged men from the general population. The first follow-up was at a nearly constant interval of 5.1 years in Caerphilly and 3.2 years in Speedwell; 251 major IHD events had occurred. Age-adjusted relative odds of IHD for men in the top 20% of the distribution compared with the bottom 20% were 4.1 (95% confidence interval, 2.6-6.5) for fibrinogen, 4.5 (95% confidence interval, 2.8-7.4) for viscosity, and 3.2 (95% confidence interval, 2.0-4.9) for white blood cell count. Associations with IHD were similar in men who had never smoked, exsmokers, and current smokers, and the results suggest that at least par...
Distribution, surface density, and membrane area of diadic junctional contacts between plasma membrane and terminal cisterns in mammalian ventricle.
Authors: EPage, MSurdyk-Droske
Journal: Circulation Research (1979)

The surface density of diadic junctional complexes (DJC) between plasmalemma and terminal cisternal membrane, as well as the areas of plasmalemmal and cisternal membrane involved in DJC, have been determined morphometrically in external plasmalemmal envelope and T-system of rabbit, rat, and mouse ventricular heart muscle. In all three species, both the surface density and the plasmalemmal area of DJC are 4- to 6-fold greater in the T-system than in the external plasmalemmal envelope. The surface density and DJC membrane area per unit cell volume and per unit myofibrillar volume increase in the order rabbit less than rat congruent to mouse and are not related simply to basal heart rate or intraventricular pressure. The results show that if Ca2+ release is a function of terminal cisterns, then, in ventricular heart muscle, most of the Ca2+ thus released for myofibrillar activation must originate from cisterns associated with the T-system. They make it necessary to consider the possibility that the 20--50% o...
Cardiac angiotensinogen and its local activation in the isolated perfused beating heart.
Authors: KLindpaintner, M WJin, NNiedermaier, M JWilhelm, DGanten
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

Increasing evidence suggests that the renin-angiotensin system modulates cardiovascular homeostasis both via its circulating, plasma-borne components and through locally present, tissue-resident systems with site-specific activity. The existence of such a system in the heart has been proposed, based on biochemical studies as well as on the demonstration of renin and angiotensinogen messenger RNA in cardiac tissue. We conducted the present study to determine whether biologically active angiotensin peptides may be cleaved within the heart from locally present angiotensinogen. Isolated, perfused rat hearts were exposed to infusions of purified hog renin; the coronary sinus effluent was collected and subsequently assayed for angiotensin I (Ang I) and angiotensin II (Ang II) by high-pressure liquid chromatography and specific radioimmunoassay. Both Ang I and II were undetectable under control conditions but appeared promptly after the addition of renin. Dose-dependent peak values for Ang I release ranged from ...
Mechanism of augmented rate of left ventricular filling during exercise.
Authors: C PCheng, YIgarashi, W CLittle
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

At rest, most of left ventricular (LV) filling occurs early in diastole. This LV filling occurs in response to the pressure gradient produced as LV pressure falls below left atrial (LA) pressure. Because mitral valve flow occurs in response to an LA to LV pressure gradient, augmented diastolic mitral valve flow during exercise may be due to an increased mitral valve pressure gradient resulting from a rise in LA pressure and/or a fall in LV early diastolic pressure. Accordingly, we studied 13 conscious dogs, instrumented to measure micromanometer LV and LA pressures, and determined LV volume from three ultrasonic dimensions during exercise. The animals ran on a treadmill for 8-15 minutes at 5-8 miles/hr. With reflexes intact, during exercise, the heart rate increased from 116 +/- 20 to 189 +/- 24 beats per minute (mean +/- SD, p less than 0.01), the maximum rate of change of LV volume (dV/dtmax) increased from 185 +/- 44 to 282 +/- 76 ml/sec (p less than 0.01), the ejection fraction and cardiac output incr...
Relationship between adenine nucleotide metabolism and irreversible ischemic tissue damage in isolated perfused rat heart.
Authors: T CVary, E TAngelakos, S WSchaffer
Journal: Circulation Research (1979)

The relationship between energy metabolism and the extent of irreversible ischemic damage was examined in an isolated perfused working rat heart. The amount of cardiac work recovered after reperfusion of hearts exposed to severe global ischemia was dependent upon both the duration of ischemia and the type of substrate provided (either 5 mM glucose or 5 mM glucose + acetate). There appear to be two distinct phases in the ability to recover mechanical function in the reperfused ischemic heart. The second phase corresponds to the onset of severe irreversible tissue damage. Irreversible mitochondrial damage was not found to correspond with the onset of heart failure since the ATP/ADP ratio remained constant in the reperfused myocardium. Furthermore, there does not appear to be a direct correlation between the total ATP content and the extent of irreversible damage, either during ischemia or following reperfusion. However, the total adenine nucleotide content during ischemia showed dramatic changes which corre...
Cardiopulmonary adaptation at rest and during exercise 10 years after Mustard atrial repair for transposition of the great arteries.
Authors: N NMusewe, JReisman, L NBenson, DWilkes, HLevison, R MFreedom, G ATrusler, G JCanny
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Discordance exists between apparently reduced systemic right ventricular function and the reported asymptomatic state of many patients after atrial repair for transposition of the great arteries. To evaluate this clinical observation, cardiopulmonary response to exercise in 17 asymptomatic patients with no significant postoperative hemodynamic abnormalities was assessed by upright bicycle ergometry according to a modified Jomes protocol 11.5 +/- 1.5 years after Mustard atrial repair. Seventeen age- and sex-matched normal adolescents constituted the control group. Incremental exercise was performed to determine maximum work capacity, heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and minute ventilation. Cardiac output was computed at rest and during steady-state exercise by a carbon dioxide rebreathing method at 50% of the maximum workload achieved during incremental exercise. Height and weight were similar in patients and controls (p greater than .05). Resting pulmonary function variables were normal in a...
Nd:YAG laser with sapphire tip combined with balloon angioplasty in peripheral arterial occlusions. Long-term results.
Authors: EPilger, JLammer, HBertuch, GStark, MDecrinis, K PPfeiffer, G JKrejs
Journal: Circulation (1991)

In 167 patients with complete occlusion (greater than 3 cm) of the femoropopliteal artery, percutaneous transluminal laser angioplasty (PTLA) was performed after an unsuccessful attempt at crossing with a guide wire and was immediately followed by balloon dilatation. An Nd-YAG laser and an optical fiber delivery system with a sapphire tip serving as a contact probe were used for PTLA. In 132 of 167 (79%) patients, the occluded segment was successfully reopened. Clinical symptoms improved in 126 of 167 (75%) patients. PTLA was unsuccessful in 35 patients, and in 15 of these, injury of the vessel wall occurred. In one patient, surgical drainage of a large hematoma became necessary. All patients in whom recanalization had been achieved were randomized to receive long-term treatment with either phenprocumarol or acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) plus dipyridamole to prevent rethrombosis. At 36 months of follow-up, the cumulative patency rate (CPR) was 63%. A complete reobstruction in 32 patients (24%) and a partial ...
Pharmacology and force development of single freshly isolated bovine carotid artery smooth muscle cells.
Authors: D MWarshaw, J LSzarek, M SHubbard, J NEvans
Journal: Circulation Research (1986)

Most studies of mammalian vascular smooth muscle cell mechanics and pharmacology have relied upon data from intact tissue preparations. The purpose of this study was to determine how single mammalian vascular smooth muscle cell pharmacological sensitivity to histamine and force development compared to the intact tissue from which it was derived. Thus, techniques were developed for isolating large numbers (5 X 10(5) cells/ml) of cells from bovine carotid arteries. Single cells were spindle-shaped with dimensions of 117 +/- 11 (SE) micron in length by 7 +/- 1 (SE) micron in diameter (n = 27). The effect of histamine concentration on cell length was studied in suspensions of freshly isolated cells. Histamine concentration-response curves revealed that single smooth muscle cells shortened to histamine concentrations in a graded fashion, and that shortening was mediated through histamine H1 receptors. The threshold for 10% of maximum response occurred at 8.0 X 10(-11) M histamine. This threshold was at least t...