tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
VENEREAL DISEASE AND THE BRUSSELS CONFERENCE.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ascites.
Authors: J S Morris
Journal: BMJ (1984)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The association between primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and ulcerative colitis (UC) is well recognised. The prevalence of PSC in patients with UC has been reported widely and ranges from 2.4% to 7.5%. The mean annual incidence rates were between 0.9 and 1.3 cases per 100 000 person years. Patients with UC may frequently be found to have abnormal liver biochemistry (LFTs) for numerous reasons although PSC is uncommon. Given the known increased risk of colorectal cancer in patients with both UC and PSC as well as cholangiocarcinoma, early recognition of PSC is crucial. <h3>Methods</h3> Aims: To identify known patients with UC from our clinic population who also had persistently elevated LFTs and to determine the extent to which the cause of the abnormal LFTs had been investigated. <h3>Methods</h3> A representative sample of patients with UC was identified from those who had contacted the nurse led IBD telephone help line at Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust during September and October 2010. UC diagnosis was based on histology proven on biopsies including colectomy. Abnormal LFTs were defined as a persistent elevation above the local laboratory upper limit of normal (ALT &gt;40 IU/l, ALP &gt;200 IU/l, GGT &gt;30 IU/l and bilirubin &gt;17 mmol/l). The investigations performed to identify the cause of the abnormalities were noted. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 450 phone calls were made to the IBD help line during the study period. Of those, 82 patients with ulcerative colitis were identified. Of these, 15 patients (18.3%) had so far been found to have abnormal LFTs at some time during the course of their illness. Persistently abnormal LFTs were identified in 10 patients (12.2%). Of these 10, 6 (60%) had auto immune screen, four patients (40%) had viral hepatitis screen, four patients (40%) had a liver ultrasound, three patients (30%) had CT abdomen. Furthermore no patients had targeted investigations to exclude PSC such as a liver biopsy or magnetic resonance cholangiography. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Our results suggest that 12% of ulcerative colitis patients in our cohort had persistently abnormal liver function tests although none had had further investigations for PSC. Given expected prevalence data we could perhaps expect to see one patient with PSC in this cohort. The monitoring and following of LFTs in patients with UC should be part of standard follow-up procedures. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared. <h3>References</h3> 1. <b>Chapman R</b>, Fevery J, Kalloo A, <i>et al.</i> Diagnosis and management of primary sclerosing cholangitis. <i>Hepatology</i> 2010;<b>51</b>:600–78. 2. <b>Tishendorf JJW</b>, Geier A, Trautwein C. Current diagnosis and management of primary sclerosing cholangitis. <i>Liver Transplantation</i> 2008;<b>14</b>:735–46.
Genetic Determinants of Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: Derek Klarin, Philip S. Tsao, Scott M. Damrauer
Journal: Circulation Research (2021)

Peripheral artery disease-atherosclerosis of the abdominal aorta and lower extremity vascular bed-is a complex disease with both environmental and genetic determinants. Unmitigated disease is associated with major functional decline and can lead to chronic limb-threatening ischemia, amputation, and increased mortality. Over the last 10 years, major advances have been made in identifying the genetic basis of this common, complex disease. In this review, we provide an overview of the primary types of genetic analyses performed for peripheral artery disease, including heritability and linkage studies, and more recently biobank-based genome-wide association studies. Looking forward, we highlight areas of future study including efforts to identify causal peripheral artery disease genes, rare variant and structural variant analyses using whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing data, and the need to include individuals of diverse genetic ancestries.
<i>QuickStats</i>: Age-Adjusted* Trends in the Prevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) and Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV-2) Among Adolescents and Adults Aged 14–49 Years — United States, 1999–2000 Through 2015–2016
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2018)

During 2015-2016, the age-adjusted prevalence of HSV-1 was 48.1% among adolescents and adults aged 14-49 years (50.9% for females and 45.2% for males). Prevalence was higher for females than males in most 2-year periods from 1999-2000 to 2015-2016. Also during 2015-2016, the age-adjusted prevalence of HSV-2 for those aged 14-49 years was 12.1% (15.9% among females compared to 8.2% among males) and was higher for females than males for all 2-year periods. Prevalence significantly declined from 1999-2000 through 2015-2016 for HSV-1 and HSV-2 among both males and females.
Blood-based tumor mutational burden from circulating tumor DNA and immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced prostate cancer.
Authors: Grant Rauterkus, Agreen Hadadi, Reagan Barnett, Caroline Weipert, Leylah Drusbosky, Xin Gao, Michael B. Lilly, Alan Haruo Bryce, Syed Arsalan Ahmed Naqvi, Pedro C. Barata, Mehmet Asim Bilen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

165 Background: A prior study of patients with advanced cancers treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) associated improved overall survival with tissue tumor mutational burden above the 80th percentile in each histology (tTMB-H). TMB can also reliably be calculated via liquid biopsy (bTMB), and trends higher than tTMB in analogous tumors. Here, we generate a plasma-informed benchmark for bTMB-H in advanced prostate cancer and report preliminary data from an ongoing multi-institutional case series of patients treated with ICI. Methods: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) next generation sequencing (NGS) results from 3,504 patients with advanced prostate cancer who received a Guardant360 liquid biopsy within a 12-month period were analyzed. The 80 th percentile of TMB was defined as the benchmark for bTMB-H in this cohort, and prevalence of microsatellite instability (MSI-H) was determined. Subsequently, clinical data were collected from patients across five institutions who received pembrolizumab based on bTMB scores or other tumor characteristics (i.e. CDK12 mutation). Results: Overall, mean and median bTMB were calculated as 12.34 mut/Mb and 8.61 mut/Mb, respectively (range: 0 – 1164.75 mut/Mb). The 80th percentile of bTMB was 13.4 mut/Mb and the 90th percentile was 16.6 mut/Mb. 2.6% of patients were both MSI-H and bTMB-H. No patients with bTMB &lt; 13.4 mut/Mb (TMB-L) were found to be MSI-H. Ten patients from five institutions received pembrolizumab (8 monotherapy) after a median of 4.5 lines of prior therapy (Table). Four patients were MSI-H. The 3 patients in the cohort with PSA decreases &gt; 50% had both MSI-H and bTMB ≥ 13.4 mut/Mb. Per RECIST criteria, disease was controlled (CR, PR, SD) in 6 of 7 (86%) patients with bTMB scores ≥ 13.4 mut/Mb. Conclusions: These data continue to affirm that ctDNA NGS is a practical and cost-effective means of assessing potential predictors of ICI activity in patients with advanced prostate cancer. Preliminary data from this growing cohort of patients who have received ICI guided by bTMB scores and other molecular parameters identified via ctDNA NGS, including MSI-H, demonstrate a clinical benefit from therapy. Further studies are warranted for contextualizing individual tumor bTMB scores with established, pathology-specific benchmarks.[Table: see text]
Abstract 334: Cardioplegia Defibrillation of Circulatory Phase Ventricular Fibrillation in a Swine Model: Three Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Keith A Marill, David D Salcido, Matthew L Sundermann, Allison C Koller, James J Menegazzi
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: We previously found potassium cardioplegia followed by rapid calcium reversal (K plegia) can achieve defibrillation in a swine model of electrical phase ventricular fibrillation (VF) comparable to standard care. Hypothesis: Exploring 3 possible potassium (K) dose and timing protocols, we hypothesize K plegia may benefit resuscitation of circulatory phase VF. Methods: Three separate blinded randomized placebo-controlled trials were performed with electrically-induced VF untreated for durations of 6,9, and 12 minutes in a swine model. All experimental groups received infusion of 1 or 2 boluses of intravenous (IV) K followed by a single calcium reversal bolus. Only K was replaced by saline in the control groups. All other treatments were the same. Outcomes included: amplitude spectrum area (AMSA) during VF, resulting rhythms, number of defibrillations, return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), and hemodynamics for 1 hour post ROSC. Single nominal and interval outcomes were compared with Fisher’s Exact test and Mann-Whitney U, respectively. Results: Twelve, 12, and 8 animals were included at 6, 9 , and 12 minute VF durations for a total of 32. ROSC, average number of shocks, and post-ROSC norepinephrine requirement are listed below. 4/6 K plegia and 2/6 control animals achieved ROSC in the 9 minute protocol, (p=0.24). Two of 8 animals that achieved ROSC with K plegia did so without electrical defibrillation. Conclusions: The majority of animals achieved ROSC after up to 9 minutes of untreated VF arrest using K plegia protocols. K plegia requires further optimization for both peripheral IV and intraosseous infusion, and to assess for superiority over standard care.
PICaSSO Histologic Remission Index (PHRI) in ulcerative colitis: development of a novel simplified histological score for monitoring mucosal healing and predicting clinical outcomes and its applicability in an artificial intelligence system
Authors: Xianyong Gui, Alina Bazarova, Rocìo del Amor, Michael Vieth, Gert de Hertogh, Vincenzo Villanacci, Davide Zardo, Tommaso Lorenzo Parigi, Elin Synnøve Røyset, Uday N Shivaji, Melissa Anna Teresa Monica, Giulio Mandelli, Pradeep Bhandari, Silvio Danese, Jose G Ferraz, Bu'Hussain Hayee, Mark Lazarev, Adolfo Parra-Blanco, Luca Pastorelli, Remo Panaccione, Timo Rath, Gian Eugenio Tontini, Ralf Kiesslich, Raf Bisschops, Enrico Grisan, Valery Naranjo, Subrata Ghosh, Marietta Iacucci
Journal: Gut (2022)

Histological remission is evolving as an important treatment target in UC. We aimed to develop a simple histological index, aligned to endoscopy, correlated with clinical outcomes, and suited to apply to an artificial intelligence (AI) system to evaluate inflammatory activity.Using a set of 614 biopsies from 307 patients with UC enrolled into a prospective multicentre study, we developed the Paddington International virtual ChromoendoScopy ScOre (PICaSSO) Histologic Remission Index (PHRI). Agreement with multiple other histological indices and validation for inter-reader reproducibility were assessed. Finally, to implement PHRI into a computer-aided diagnosis system, we trained and tested a novel deep learning strategy based on a CNN architecture to detect neutrophils, calculate PHRI and identify active from quiescent UC using a subset of 138 biopsies.PHRI is strongly correlated with endoscopic scores (Mayo Endoscopic Score and UC Endoscopic Index of Severity and PICaSSO) and with clinical outcomes (hospitalisation, colectomy and initiation or changes in medical therapy due to UC flare-up). A PHRI score of 1 could accurately stratify patients' risk of adverse outcomes (hospitalisation, colectomy and treatment optimisation due to flare-up) within 12 months. Our inter-reader agreement was high (intraclass correlation 0.84). Our preliminary AI algorithm differentiated active from quiescent UC with 78% sensitivity, 91.7% specificity and 86% accuracy.PHRI is a simple histological index in UC, and it exhibits the highest correlation with endoscopic activity and clinical outcomes. A PHRI-based AI system was accurate in predicting histological remission.
Abstract 354: A Prediction Model for Patients With Emergency Medical Technicians Witnessed Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Ming-Ju Hsieh, Wen-Chu Chiang, Wei-Tien Chang, Chih-Wei Yang, Yu-Chun Chien, Yao-Cheng Wang, Matthew Huei-Ming Ma
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: In-hospital early warning system scores for prediction of clinical deterioration have been well-developed. However, such prediction tools in prehospital setting remain unavailable. Hypothesis: To develop a model for predicting patients with emergency medical technicians witnessed out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (EMT-witnessed OHCA) . Methods: We used the fire-based emergency medical service (EMS) data from Taipei city to develop the prediction model. Patients included in this study were those initially alive, non-traumatic, and aged ≧20 years. Data were extracted from records of ambulance run sheets and OHCA registry in Taipei. The primary outcome (i.e. EMT-witnessed OHCA) was defined as cardiac arrest occurring during EMT services before arrival at the receiving hospital. The prediction model was developed through the standard cross-validation method (i.e. divided dataset for training group and validation group). Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and Hosmer-Lemeshow (HL) test were used to test discrimination and calibration. The point value system with Youden’s J Index was used to find the best cut-off value for practical application. Results: From 2011 to 2015, a total of 252,771 patients were included. Of them, 660 (0.26%) were EMT-witnessed OHCA. The prediction model, including gender, respiratory rate, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, level of consciousness and oxygen saturation, showed excellent discrimination (AUC 0.94) and calibration ( p =0.42 for HL test). When applied to the validation dataset, it maintained good discriminatory ability (AUC 0.94) and calibration ( p =0.11). The optimal cut-off value (≧13) of the point value system of the tool showed high sensitivity (87.84%) and specificity (86.20%). Conclusions: The newly developed prediction model will help identify high-risk patients with EMT-witnessed OHCA and indicate potential prevention by situation awareness in EMS.
Book Reviews
Journal: Allergy (1985)

Book reviews in this article: Cruse, J. M. &amp; Lewis, R. E. (eds.): Autoimmunity: basic concepts; systemic and selected organ‐specific diseases. Cruse, J. M. &amp; Lewis, R. E. (eds.) : Autoimmunity: basic concepts; systemic and selected organ‐specific diseases. Cruse, J. M. &amp; Lewis, R. E. (eds.) Organ based autoimmune diseases.
Connoisseur
Authors: Sarah Hartley
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

Ad Libitum19 November 2013ConnoisseurSarah Hartley, BMBChirSarah Hartley, BMBChirFrom Garches, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-159-10-201311190-00013 Audio Reading - “Connoisseur” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "Connoisseur," by S. Hartley. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail I am a connoisseur of that fleeting momentThe heartbeat between knowing and not knowingWhere the dark wings of hope and fear beat in the throatand the clock is slowingYou start at your name and nearly turn away butcourtesy and culture modulate our greetingYou sit down and clasp your anxious hands to calm them,Your pale cheeks reddeningI raise my eyes to yours, pause, and choose carefullyFor it is all in the telling, the light we pour.Empathy and compassion in the use of words.The pathways we exploreOf storm blown, tearing ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Garches, FranceCurrent Author Address: Sarah Hartley, BMBChir, Praticien Hospitalier, Sleep Unit, Hopital Raymond Poincare, 104 Boulevard Poincare, 92380 Garches, France; e-mail, sarah.[email protected]aphp.fr PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “Connoisseur” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "Connoisseur," by S. Hartley. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 November 2013Volume 159, Issue 10Page: 716KeywordsDustFearPharynxSleepStormsTaste ePublished: 19 November 2013 Issue Published: 19 November 2013 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2013 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The Gains Derived from the Use of the Laryngoscope
Authors: G. Johnson
Journal: BMJ (1874)

THE BRITISH MEDICAL 7OURNAL.33 introduce the sound, the excessive pain wvhich manipulation gave the patient, her extremely exhausted condition, and the parents' objection to chloroform, I resolved to temporise and endeavour to improve her general condition.Accordingly, I ordered her continued complete rest in bed, cod-liver oil, syrup of iodide of iron, Liebig's extract of meat, and glycerinie pads, with occasional morphia pessaries, and a liniment of aconite and belladonna to be rubbed over the painftul parts.The
ENCEPHALITIS LETHARGICA
Authors: E. F. Buzzard
Journal: BMJ (1924)

J~ENCEPHALITIS LETHARGICA.Viennese school of midwiferv, who, after studying in France and Enigland, adopted tlie British practice, " having learnt in Franice what Art, in England what Nature, could do."The purely British operation of induction of premature labour for cases of contracted pelvis can be attributed to the same conservative spirit.And if we add the discovery of tlle foetal circulationi by Harvey, of the forceps by Chainberlen, of clhloroform by Simpsoin, and of the anti- septic system by Lister, we may claim for Britislh medicine that, though it was last in producing q writer on obstetrics, it lhas not beeni least in conferring benefits on parturient woSm:en1.
Addition of Navitoclax to Ongoing Ruxolitinib Therapy for Patients With Myelofibrosis With Progression or Suboptimal Response: Phase II Safety and Efficacy
Authors: Claire N. Harrison, Jacqueline S. Garcia, Tim C.P. Somervaille, James M. Foran, Srdan Verstovsek, Catriona Jamieson, Ruben Mesa, Ellen K. Ritchie, Srinivas K. Tantravahi, Pankit Vachhani, Casey L. O'Connell, Rami S. Komrokji, Jason Harb, Jessica E. Hutti, Leanne Holes, Abdullah A. Masud, Silpa Nuthalapati, Jalaja Potluri, Naveen Pemmaraju
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

Targeting the BCL-X
Preoperative PI-RADS scores are associated with prostate cancer upstaging on surgical pathology.
Authors: Benjamin Pockros, Kristian D. Stensland, Molly Parris, Edward Frankenberger, David Canes, Alireza Moinzadeh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

228 Background: Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) scores can help identify clinically significant prostate cancer and improve patient selection for prostate biopsies. However, the role of PI-RADS scores in patients already diagnosed with prostate cancer remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of PI-RADS scores with prostate cancer upstaging. Upstaging on final pathology is a surrogate for biochemical recurrence, morbidity, and mortality. Methods: All patients from a single high-volume institution who underwent a prostate multiparametric MRI and radical prostatectomy between 2016-2020 were included in this retrospective analysis. Univariable and multivariable analyses were conducted to investigate potential associations with upstaging events, defined by pT3, pT4, or N1 on final pathology. A logistic regression model and receiver operative characteristic curves were constructed for the prediction of upstaging events based on PI-RADS score, prostate-specific antigen density (PSA-D), and biopsy Gleason grade groups. Results: 294 patients were included in final analysis. Upstaging events occurred in 137 (46.5%) of patients. On univariable analysis, patients who were upstaged on final pathology had significantly higher PI-RADS scores (OR 2.34 95% 1.64 - 3.40, p &lt; 0.001) but similar PSA-D (OR 2.70 95% 0.94 – 8.43, p = 0.188) compared to patients who remained pT1 or pT2 on final pathology. On multivariable analysis, PI-RADS remained independently significantly associated with upstaging, suggesting it is an independent risk predictor for upstaging. Lymph node metastasis only occurred in patients with PI-RADS 4 or 5 lesions (n = 15). Our model using PSA-D, biopsy Gleason grade, and PI-RADS had a predictive AUC of 0.69 for upstaging events, an improvement from 0.59 using biopsy Gleason grade alone. Conclusions: PI-RADS scores are independent predictors for upstaging events and may play an important role in forecasting biochemical recurrence and lymph node metastasis. PI-RADS scores could improve shared decision making and help set expectations with patients. Modern nomograms should be updated to include PI-RADS to predict lymph node metastases and the likelihood of biochemical recurrence more accurately.[Table: see text]
Errors in Abstract and Results
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Kosj Yamoah, MD, PhD; Kyung Min Lee, PhD; Shivanshu Awasthi, PharmD, MPH; Patrick R. Alba, MS; Cristina Perez, MS; Tori R. Anglin-Foote, MHA; Brian Robison, MPH; Anthony Gao, MS; Scott L. DuVall, PhD; Evangelia Katsoulakis, MD; Yu-Ning Wong, MD; Sarah C. Markt, ScD; Brent S. Rose, MD; Ryan Burri, MD; Carrie Wang, BS; Okoduwa Aboiralor, MS; Angelina K. Fink, MPH; Nicholas G. Nickols, MD, PhD; Julie A. Lynch, PhD; Isla P. Garraway, MD, PhD
Triplet Succeeds in Colorectal Cancer
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2019)

Abstract A drug trio consisting of BRAF, MEK, and EGFR inhibitors may become the new standard of care in BRAF-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer. In the phase III BEACON CRC trial, encorafenib, binimetinib, and cetuximab significantly extended overall and progression-free survival and increased the objective response rate compared with cetuximab plus chemotherapy.