tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An Address ON CERTAIN DEVELOPMENTS IN MEDICINE: Delivered at the Opening Session of the Medical Society of London on October 16th
Authors: D. Of Penn
Journal: BMJ (1922)

WE are opening to-night a session of no ordinary importance, in that during its course this soc ety will celebrate its 150th anniversary.And may I here interpolate a personal para- graph and say how honoured I feel to be your President during this year, how deeply I value the confidence which your selection of me denotes, and how it will be a " labour of love " to try and serve you well.? 1 shall be encouraged by the example of my distinguished predecessor in the chair- a surgeon in whom the tljinker is not lost in t4e excellence of the technician, and whose wide culture and sympathetic personality give him a large circle of friends.This society was' born at a time of clhange; an old order in civilization was passing, the forces were gathering which were soon to culminate in the War of Independence-that mighty instrument of liberty which not only brought about the birth of a nation but gave to Britain by its influence a peaceable progression towards the freedom which was to mature in the ensuing century.
THE ART OF ENDOWING MEDICAL COLLEGES.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In situ detection of marker proteins specific for primary biliary cirrhosis through laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF) . 1Division of Clinical Immunology and 2Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

E-selectin, expressed on inflamed endothelium, and sialyl Lewis x (sLex), present on the surface of leukocytes, play a key role in leukocyte–endothelial interactions during leukocyte recruitment to sites of inflammation. HECA-452 is a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that recognizes sLex and is routinely used by investigators from diverse fields who seek to unravel the mechanisms of leukocyte adhesion. The data regarding the ability of HECA-452 to inhibit carbohydrate-mediated leukocyte adhesion to E-selectin remains conflicted, in part due to the presence of a variety of potential E-selectin reactive moieties on leukocytes. Recognizing this, we utilized a complementary approach to gain insight into HECA-452 adhesion assays. Specifically, we used sLex microspheres to investigate the hypothesis that HECA-452 is a non-function blocking mAb for isolated sLex mediated adhesion to endothelial expressed E-selectin. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that HECA-452 recognizes and binds to the sLex microspheres. Perfusion of the sLex microspheres over human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) at 1.5 dyn/cm2 revealed that the microspheres attach to 4 h interleukin (IL)-1β activated HUVEC specifically via E-selectin. Pretreatment of the sLex microspheres with HECA-452 did not influence sLex microsphere initial tethering and accumulation on IL-1β activated HUVEC. Neuraminidase and fucosidase treatments of sLex microspheres revealed that sialic acid and fucose are required for E-selectin binding, whereas HECA-452 recognition of sLex does not depend on the fucose moiety to the extent required for E-selectin recognition. This latter finding suggests there are potential subtle differences between the sLex antigens for E-selectin and HECA-452. Combined, the data indicate that HECA-452 is a non-inhibitor of sLex-mediated adhesion to endothelial expressed E-selectin.
Health status of Vietnam veterans. I. Psychosocial characteristics. The Centers for Disease Control Vietnam Experience Study
Journal: JAMA (1988)

The Vietnam Experience Study was a multidimensional assessment of the health of Vietnam veterans. From a random sample of enlisted men who entered the US Army from 1965 to 1971, 7924 Vietnam and 7364 non-Vietnam veterans participated in a telephone interview; a random subsample of 2490 Vietnam and 1972 non-Vietnam veterans also underwent a comprehensive health examination, including a psychological evaluation. At the time of the study, the two groups of veterans were similar in terms of level of education, employment, income, marital status, and satisfaction with personal relationships. Certain psychological problems, however, were significantly more prevalent among Vietnam veterans than among non-Vietnam veterans. These included depression (4.5% of Vietnam veterans vs 2.3% of non-Vietnam veterans), anxiety (4.9% vs 3.2%), and alcohol abuse or dependence (13.7% vs 9.2%). About 15% of Vietnam veterans experienced combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder at some time during or after military service, and 2.2% had the disorder during the month before the examination.
Masculinity
Authors: Ann M. Moore
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Kidney Cancer
Authors: Ghislaine Scelo, Tricia L. Larose
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

The purpose of this narrative review is to summarize evidence of the epidemiology of and risk factors for kidney cancer with a focus on renal cell carcinoma in adults. The etiology of kidney cancer is largely unknown and the main epidemiologic determinants are large geographic and temporal variations in incidence rates. Established risk factors include tobacco smoking, body size, and history of hypertension and chronic kidney disease. Other suspected risk factors require additional investigation, as do the underlying biologic mechanisms that are responsible for disease occurrence. Opportunities to prevent kidney cancer include targeting modifiable risk factors-for example, smoking abstinence/cessation and body weight control-as well as interventions along the diagnostic pathway to improve early diagnosis. Molecular epidemiology, including, but not limited to, metabolomics and tumor genomics, are new areas of research that promise to play important roles in identifying some of the underlying causes of kidney cancer.
CASCADE: high-throughput characterization of regulatory complex binding altered by non-coding variants
Authors: David Bray, Heather Hook, Rose Zhao, Jessica L. Keenan, Ashley Penvose, Yemi Osayame, Nima Mohaghegh, Xiaoting Chen, Sreeja Parameswaran, Leah C. Kottyan, Matthew T. Weirauch, Trevor Siggers
Journal: Cell Genomics (2022)

Non-coding DNA variants (NCVs) impact gene expression by altering binding sites for regulatory complexes. New high-throughput methods are needed to characterize the impact of NCVs on regulatory complexes. We developed CASCADE (Customizable Approach to Survey Complex Assembly at DNA Elements), an array-based high-throughput method to profile cofactor (COF) recruitment. CASCADE identifies DNA-bound transcription factor-cofactor (TF-COF) complexes in nuclear extracts and quantifies the impact of NCVs on their binding. We demonstrate CASCADE sensitivity in characterizing condition-specific recruitment of COFs p300 and RBBP5 (MLL subunit) to the CXCL10 promoter in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human macrophages and quantify the impact of all possible NCVs. To demonstrate applicability to NCV screens, we profile TF-COF binding to ∼1,700 single-nucleotide polymorphism quantitative trait loci (SNP-QTLs) in human macrophages and identify perturbed ETS domain-containing complexes. CASCADE will facilitate high-throughput testing of molecular mechanisms of NCVs for diverse biological applications.
Advances in the management of cardioembolic stroke associated with patent foramen ovale
Authors: Brian Mac Grory, E Magnus Ohman, Wuwei Feng, Ying Xian, Shadi Yaghi, Hooman Kamel, Michael E Reznik
Journal: BMJ (2022)

ABSTRACT Patent foramen ovale (PFO) describes a valve in the interatrial septum that permits shunting of blood or thrombotic material between the atria. PFOs are present in approximately 25% of the healthy population and are not associated with any pathology in the vast majority of cases. However, comparisons between patients with stroke and healthy controls suggest that PFOs may be causative of stroke in certain patients whose stroke is otherwise cryptogenic. Options for the diagnosis of PFO include transthoracic echocardiography, transesophageal echocardiography, and transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. PFOs associated with an interatrial septal aneurysm seem to be more strongly linked to risk of recurrent stroke. Therapeutic options for secondary stroke prevention in the setting of a PFO include antiplatelet therapy, anticoagulation, and percutaneous device closure. Recent randomized clinical trials suggest that percutaneous closure reduces the subsequent risk of stroke in appropriately selected patients, with a large relative benefit but small absolute benefit. Referral for percutaneous PFO closure should therefore be considered in certain patients after a multidisciplinary, patient centered discussion. Areas for future study include structural biomarkers to aid in determining the role of PFO closure in older people with possible PFO associated stroke, the role of direct oral anticoagulants, and very long term outcomes after device closure.
In vivo tracking of unlabelled mesenchymal stromal cells by mannose-weighted chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI
Authors: Yue Yuan, Congxiao Wang, Shreyas Kuddannaya, Jia Zhang, Dian R. Arifin, Zheng Han, Piotr Walczak, Guanshu Liu, Jeff W. M. Bulte
Journal: Nature Biomedical Engineering (2022)
Drug screening and genome editing in human pancreatic cancer organoids identifies drug-gene interactions and candidates for off-label therapy
Authors: Christian K. Hirt, Tijmen H. Booij, Linda Grob, Patrik Simmler, Nora C. Toussaint, David Keller, Doreen Taube, Vanessa Ludwig, Alexander Goryachkin, Chantal Pauli, Daniela Lenggenhager, Daniel J. Stekhoven, Christian U. Stirnimann, Katharina Endhardt, Femke Ringnalda, Lukas Villiger, Alexander Siebenhüner, Sofia Karkampouna, Marta De Menna, Janette Beshay, Hagen Klett, Marianna Kruithof-de Julio, Julia Schüler, Gerald Schwank
Journal: Cell Genomics (2022)

Pancreatic cancer (PDAC) is a highly aggressive malignancy for which the identification of novel therapies is urgently needed. Here, we establish a human PDAC organoid biobank from 31 genetically distinct lines, covering a representative range of tumor subtypes, and demonstrate that these reflect the molecular and phenotypic heterogeneity of primary PDAC tissue. We use CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing and drug screening to characterize drug-gene interactions with ARID1A and BRCA2. We find that missense- but not frameshift mutations in the PDAC driver gene ARID1A are associated with increased sensitivity to the kinase inhibitors dasatinib (p < 0.0001) and VE-821 (p < 0.0001). We conduct an automated drug-repurposing screen with 1,172 FDA-approved compounds, identifying 26 compounds that effectively kill PDAC organoids, including 19 chemotherapy drugs currently approved for other cancer types. We validate the activity of these compounds in vitro and in vivo. The in vivo validated hits include emetine and ouabain, compounds which are approved for non-cancer indications and which perturb the ability of PDAC organoids to respond to hypoxia. Our study provides proof-of-concept for advancing precision oncology and identifying candidates for drug repurposing via genome editing and drug screening in tumor organoid biobanks.
THE BOSTON SESSION OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION.
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Uptake of Recommendations for Posttreatment Cancer-Related Fatigue Among Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Antonio Di Meglio, Cecile Charles, Elise Martin, Julie Havas, Arnauld Gbenou, Jean-Daniel Flaysakier, Anne-Laure Martin, Sibille Everhard, Enora Laas, Nicolas Chopin, Laurence Vanlemmens, Christelle Jouannaud, Christelle Levy, Olivier Rigal, Marion Fournier, Patrick Soulie, Florian Scotte, Barbara Pistilli, Agnes Dumas, Gwenn Menvielle, Fabrice André, Stefan Michiels, Sarah Dauchy, Ines Vaz-Luis
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2021)

Background: Physical activity (PA) and psychosocial interventions are recommended management strategies for cancer-related fatigue (CRF). Randomized trials support the use of mind–body techniques, whereas no data show benefit for homeopathy or naturopathy. Methods: We used data from CANTO (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01993498 ), a multicenter, prospective study of stage I–III breast cancer (BC). CRF, evaluated after primary treatment completion using the EORTC QLQ-C30 (global CRF) and QLQ-FA12 (physical, emotional, and cognitive dimensions), served as the independent variable (severe [score of ≥40/100] vs nonsevere). Outcomes of interest were adherence to PA recommendations (≥10 metabolic equivalent of task [MET] h/week [GPAQ-16]) and participation in consultations with a psychologist, psychiatrist, acupuncturist, or other complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) practitioner (homeopath and/or naturopath) after CRF assessment. Multivariable logistic regression examined associations between CRF and outcomes, adjusting for sociodemographic, psychologic, tumor, and treatment characteristics. Results: Among 7,902 women diagnosed from 2012 through 2017, 36.4% reported severe global CRF, and 35.8%, 22.6%, and 14.1% reported severe physical, emotional, and cognitive CRF, respectively. Patients reporting severe global CRF were less likely to adhere to PA recommendations (60.4% vs 66.7%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.82; 95% CI, 0.71–0.94; P =.004), and slightly more likely to see a psychologist (13.8% vs 7.5%; aOR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.05–1.58; P =.014), psychiatrist (10.4% vs 5.0%; aOR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.10–1.76; P =.0064), acupuncturist (9.8% vs 6.5%; aOR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.17–1.82; P =.0008), or CAM practitioner (12.5% vs 8.2%; aOR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.23–1.82; P &lt;.0001). There were differences in recommendation uptake by CRF dimension, including that severe physical CRF was associated with lower adherence to PA (aOR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.63–0.86; P =.0001) and severe emotional CRF was associated with higher likelihood of psychologic consultations (aOR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.06–1.79; P =.017). Conclusions: Uptake of recommendations to improve CRF, including adequate PA and use of psychosocial services, seemed suboptimal among patients with early-stage BC, whereas there was a nonnegligible interest in homeopathy and naturopathy. Findings of this large study indicate the need to implement recommendations for managing CRF in clinical practice.
HDAC5 modulates PD-L1 expression and cancer immunity via p65 deacetylation in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Yingke Zhou, Xin Jin, Haixin Yu, Gengdu Qin, Penglin Pan, Jingyuan Zhao, Taoyu Chen, Xueyi Liang, Yan Sun, Bo Wang, Dianyun Ren, Shikai Zhu, Heshui Wu
Journal: Theranostics (2022)

Rationale: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease with a dismal 5-year survival less than 10%.Most patients with PDAC exhibit poor response to single-agent immunotherapy.Multimodal therapies targeting mechanisms of resistance to immunotherapy are urgently needed.We found that the class IIa histone deacetylase (HDAC) member, HDAC5 is downregulated in multiple solid tumors and its level were associated with favorable prognosis in PDAC patients.Upregulated genes in patients harboring HDAC5 deletions were enriched in adaptive immune responses and lymphocyte-mediated immunity in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) pancreatic cancer dataset.Methods: Tissue microarray of pancreatic cancer were used to analysis the correlation between HDAC5 and PD-L1.RNA-seq, transcription factor motif analysis, drug screening and molecular biology assays were performed to identify the mechanism of HDAC5's repression on PD-L1.Allografts of pancreatic cancer in mouse were applied to test the efficiency of HDAC5 inhibition and anti-PD1 co-treatment.Results: HDAC5 regulated PD-L1 expression by directly interacting with NF-κB p65; this interaction was suppressed by p65 phosphorylation at serine-311.Additionally, HDAC5 diminished p65 acetylation at lysine-310, which is essential for the transcriptional activity of p65.Importantly, we demonstrated that HDAC5 silencing or inhibition sensitized PDAC tumors to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy in syngeneic mouse model and KPC mouse derived PDAC model. Conclusion:Our findings revealed a previously unknown role of HDAC5 in regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway and antitumor immune responses.These findings provide a strong rationale for augment the antitumor effects of ICB in immunotherapy-resistant PDAC by inhibiting HDAC5.
The Tuberculous Granuloma and Preexisting Immunity
Authors: Sara B. Cohen, Benjamin H. Gern, Kevin B. Urdahl
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (2022)

Pulmonary granulomas are widely considered the epicenters of the immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB). Recent animal studies have revealed factors that either promote or restrict TB immunity within granulomas. These models, however, typically ignore the impact of preexisting immunity on cellular organization and function, an important consideration because most TB probably occurs through reinfection of previously exposed individuals. Human postmortem research from the pre-antibiotic era showed that infections in Mtb-naïve individuals (primary TB) versus those with prior Mtb exposure (postprimary TB) have distinct pathologic features. We review recent animal findings in TB granuloma biology, which largely reflect primary TB. We also discuss our current understanding of postprimary TB lesions, about which much less is known. Many knowledge gaps remain, particularly regarding how preexisting immunity shapes granuloma structure and local immune responses at Mtb infection sites.
THE SKIN AFFECTIONS OF TYPHOID FEVER.
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Correlation of Extent and Severity of Atherosclerosis in Coronary and Cerebral Arteries
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal