tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Regional choline acetyltransferase activity in the guinea pig heart.
Authors: P GSchmid, B JGreif, D DLund, RRoskoski
Journal: Circulation Research (1978)

Choline acetyltransferase is the enzyme that catalyzes the biosynthesis of acetylcholine, the neurotransmitter of the pre- and postganglionic parasympathetic system. To assess the extent of parasympathetic innervation, enzyme activity was measured in specialized and contractile regions throughout the guinea pig heart. Enzyme activity in the right atrial appendage was 137 nmol g(-1) hr(-1). Activity was greatest in the region of the sinoatrial node (187 nmol g(-1) hr(-1). Also, enzyme activity was high in the regions of the atrioventricular node (153 nmol g(-1) hr(-1), the proximal conduction bundles (133 nmol g(-1) hr(-1), and the base of the anterior papillary muscle of the right ventricle (179 nmol g(-1) hr(-1), which contains the moderator band and Purkinje fibers. In contrast, the enzyme activity in the inferior interventricular septum and the free walls of the right and left ventricles, which are more predominantly contractile tissue, was 67 +/- 6,108 +/- 14, and 56 +/- 11 nmol g(-1) hr(-1), respecti...
118P The clinical utility of advanced lung inflammation index (ALI) for immunotherapy guidance in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: G. Mountzios, E. Samantas, K. Senghas, J. Krisam, S. Angelaki, G. Pentheroudakis, A. Psyrri, P. Kosmidis, R. Elshafie, H. Linardou, F. Herth, M. Meister, T. Muley, E. Razis, A. Stenzinger, I. Boukovinas, M. Reck, K. Syrigos, M. Thomas, P. Christopoulos
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Importance of adequate heparin dosage in arterial angioplasty in a porcine model.
Authors: MHeras, J HChesebro, W JPenny, K RBailey, J YLam, D RHolmes, G SReeder, LBadimon, VFuster
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Acute occlusion after a successful angioplasty is a severe complication that has been reported in 2-12% of patients. Therefore, to determine whether there was a relation between the dosage of heparin and the presence of mural thrombosis, we studied in a pig model the relation between the dosage of heparin and acute platelet-thrombus deposition on the site of arterial injury. We retrospectively analyzed the effect of three heparin regimens on platelet deposition in 32 normal pigs (mean weight, 32.7 kg) that underwent bilateral carotid angioplasty and were sacrificed 90 +/- 26 minutes later. Pigs in protocol 1 (n = 7) received an intravenous bolus injection of 4,000 units heparin 10 minutes before angioplasty. Pigs in protocol 2 (n = 11) received two bolus injections of 4,000 units heparin 40 minutes apart; the angioplasty was performed immediately after the second bolus. Pigs in protocol 3 (n = 14) had an initial 4,000-unit bolus injection of heparin followed immediately by an infusion of 4,000 units/hr; a...
Anomalous insertion of papillary muscle directly into anterior mitral leaflet in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Significance in producing left ventricular outflow obstruction.
Authors: H GKlues, W CRoberts, B JMaron
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDObstruction to left ventricular outflow in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is usually due to systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve. Occurrence of structural mitral valve abnormalities in HCM and their significance in producing outflow obstruction (even in the absence of typical systolic anterior motion) has not been fully appreciated.METHODS AND RESULTSAnalysis of 78 mitral valves excised from patients with obstructive HCM showed that 10 (13%) had anomalous insertion of one or both left ventricular papillary muscles directly into the anterior mitral leaflet. This malformation was identified by echocardiography, which demonstrated direct continuity between the hypertrophied papillary muscle and mitral leaflet, resulting in a long rigid area of midcavity narrowing that appeared to be solely or largely responsible for outflow obstruction. Basal subaortic pressure gradients were large (70-150 mm Hg). Mitral valve replacement reduced the outflow gradient substantially to 0-15 mm Hg in four p...
Magnetic Gastrointestinal Universal Septotome: First Results Of A Pilot Study in Esophageal Epiphrenic Diverticulum
Authors: F Huberland, C Delattre, N Cauche, P Van Ouytsel, A Delchambre, J Devière, R Rio-Tinto, D Blero
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims In absence of motility disorders, treatment of symptomatic epiphrenic esophageal diverticulum (EED) is challenging. We have developed a specific device which provides marsupialization of EED after placement of two magnets on each sides of the septum of the diverticulum, linked by a self retractable suture wire, called MAGUS (Magnetic Gastrointestinal Universal Septotome). Once inserted, magnets and self-retractable surgical wire induce a progressive ischemia, leading to tissue necrosis and ultimately its section. We initiated a prospective human study to evaluate technical success, clinical outcome and safety following MAGUS insertion in patient presenting with symptomatic diverticulum.
Effect of atenolol on left ventricular function in hypertensive patients.
Authors: M MIbrahim, M AMadkour, RMossallam
Journal: Circulation (1980)

No information is available about the effects of oral atenolol, a cardioselective beta-adrenergic blocking agent with no intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, on left ventricular function. Atenolol, 100 mg/day, was given to 12 hypertensive patients for 8 weeks, and its effects on mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac index (CI) and ejection indexes of myocardial performance were examined by echocardiography. Echocardiographic studies were performed before treatment, after 4 weeks of placebo, and repeated after 4 and 8 weeks of atenolol therapy. MAP fell by 14% and 21% after 4 and 8 weeks, respectively. CI fell by 22% and 20% and stroke index (SI) fell by 11% and 7%. Calculated peripheral resistance did not change significantly. Fractional shortening, ejection fraction and normalized mean rate of circumferential fiber shortening did not change. The normalized mean posterior wall velocity decreased after 4 weeks but returned to pretreatment levels after 8 weeks. The septal velocity increased after 8 weeks. En...
More RIpH-Reply
Authors: Richard E. Neiberger
Journal: JAMA (1992)

In Reply.  —I would like to thank Dr Wu for his interest in my letter. I think Dr Sorenson would be a wonderful addition to the names in my letter.  Most of us who studied algebra, physics, or chemistry prior to about 1975 learned of logarithms as a tool for manipulating very large or small numbers. Now, with high-speed computers, logarithms are not useful anymore.  To continue to use a physiological variable (pH) based on a mathematical system that has gone out of use seems inappropriate.
Prognostic significance of progression of coronary atherosclerosis.
Authors: DWaters, T ECraven, JLespérance
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDAngiographic progression of coronary atherosclerosis is frequently observed in clinical practice and is used as an end point in clinical trials; however, its prognostic significance is unclear.METHODS AND RESULTSProgression defined as an increase in diameter stenosis by > or = 15% of at least one coronary lesion was seen in 141 (42%) of 335 patients who underwent repeat coronary arteriography after a 2-year interval as part of clinical trial. Coronary lesions were measured quantitatively from comparable end-diastolic frames selected by a radiologist viewing each pair of films together. During a mean follow-up of 44 +/- 10 months after the second arteriogram, cardiac death occurred in 19 patients (5.7%), cardiac death or nonfatal infarction was seen in 40 cases (11.9%), and 90 patients (26.9%) underwent coronary revascularization. At least one end point event occurred in 112 of the 335 patients. Sixteen of the 19 cardiac deaths were in progressors, a relative risk of 7.3 (95% CI, 2.2-24.7; p < 0....
Electrogenesis of increased norepinephrine sensitivity of arterial vascular muscle in hypertension.
Authors: KHermsmeyer
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

The possibility that the vascular muscle cell might contribute to the development of essential hypertension by being more responsive to norepinephrine because of an inherently lower membrane potential (Em) was investigated. Experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that Em of arterial vascular muscle cells from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) are less negative than those from matched Kyoto normotensive rats (KNR). The caudal artery, a muscular, densely innervated regulating artery 300-400 mum in outside diameter, which is activated by graded (nonspiking) depolarization to produce a maintained contraction, was studied. Vascular muscle cells from SHR always had less negative Em than those from KNR at 16 degrees C, but not at 36 degrees C, over a range of K+ concentrations from 2.7 mM to 150 mM. From the relationship between Em and K+ concentration, intracellular K+ concentration ([K+]i) was estimated to be 150 mM for SHR and 170 mM for KNR. The caudal artery undergoes a large depolarization whe...
Problems in the recognition of conduction disturbances in the His bundle.
Authors: R MSchuilenburg, DDurrer
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Two cases with conduction disturbances in the His bundle are described. In each it was not possible to obtain both components, H and H', of the split His bundle potential at one time from a single bipolar electrode catheter with an interelectrode distance of 10 mm. Initial failure to record the proximal His component (H) let to the incorrect diagnosis of block located within the atrioventricular (A-V) node, of third degree, in patient A, and of first to second degree in patient B. However, careful withdrawal of the catheter resulted in the appearance of proximal components (H), accompanied by disappearance of the distal components (H') of the His bundle potential. Apparently the lesion in the His bundle and the recording electrodes were spatially related in such a way that the bipolar electrode could not override the lesion. In view of these findings it is advocated that in patients the A-V conduction disturbances the His bundle catheter should be withdrawn carefully, if the initial recording reveals Hi...
A role for a new vascular enzyme in the metabolism of xenobiotic amines.
Authors: P JBoor, R MHysmith, RSanduja
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

Although it has long been thought that environmental toxins may play an underlying role in vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, this concept is not supported by any clear-cut experimental evidence of toxic metabolism by cardiovascular enzymes. In this study, we demonstrate that allylamine, a selective cardiovascular toxin in vivo, is actively metabolized in vitro by a purified vascular enzyme (semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase), which has been localized recently to vascular smooth muscle cells. Oxidative deamination of allylamine to a highly toxic aldehyde, acrolein, was blocked through enzyme inhibition by semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase suggests that this vascular enzyme's physiological role may include metabolism of exogenous amines.
Elastase-induced experimental aneurysms in rats.
Authors: SAnidjar, J LSalzmann, DGentric, PLagneau, J PCamilleri, J BMichel
Journal: Circulation (1990)

An experimental in vivo model of aortic aneurysm was established by perfusing an isolated segment of rat abdominal aorta with pancreatic elastase. Ten rats were used in each protocol. Saline-perfused aortas developed no aneurysmal dilations. Elastase-perfused aortas contained aneurysms in the perfused area and a total loss of elastic tissue. Control aortas contained no elastic tissue lesions. There was a quantitative relation between the amount of elastase perfused and aneurysm formation: 1-2 units induced neither macroscopic nor microscopic lesions; 3-6 units induced microscopic elastic tissue damage without macroscopic aneurysm; and more than 6 units produced aneurysmal dilation in all cases. In situ elastase secretion by macrophages was induced by perfusing rat aortas with thioglycollate-activated macrophages or with thioglycollate alone. There was aortitis without true aneurysm and a total loss of elastic tissue in the vicinity of activated macrophages within the aortic media. Perfusion of infra-aneur...
Myocardial Angiotensin Metabolism in End-Stage Heart Failure
Authors: Noemi Pavo, Suriya Prausmüller, Georg Spinka, Georg Goliasch, Philipp E. Bartko, Raphael Wurm, Henrike Arfsten, Guido Strunk, Marko Poglitsch, Oliver Domenig, Julia Mascherbauer, Keziban Uyanik-Ünal, Christian Hengstenberg, Andreas Zuckermann, Martin Hülsmann
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Prenatal and postnatal hydralazine treatment does not prevent renal vessel wall thickening in SHR despite the absence of hypertension.
Authors: J SSmeda, R MLee, J BForrest
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

Previous studies in our laboratory have shown that the renal blood vessels of 21-week-old Wistar-Kyoto spontaneously hypertensive rats exhibited thicker vascular walls than age matched Wistar-Kyoto normotensive rats. Morphometric analysis of the relaxed renovasculature revealed an increase in the cross-sectional area of the media, which in most cases was associated with an increase in the number of smooth muscle cell layers. To test if these structural changes occur in the absence of raised blood pressure, hydralazine was administered to spontaneously hypertensive rats and normotensive controls prior to and during pregnancy (100 ml/l drinking water), and to the newborn males up to 21 weeks of age (16.9 mg/kg/day by gavage until weaning followed by 100 mg/l in the drinking water). Treated animals were compared with untreated rats. Treatment prevented hypertension development in spontaneously hypertensive rats but did not alter the structural changes found in untreated animals with hypertension. At 21 weeks...
Expansion of extracellular space in the nonischemic zone of the infarcted heart and concomitant changes in tissue electrolyte contents in the rat.
Authors: P IPolimeni, JAl-Sadir
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

The alterations in electrolyte content that occur in an infarcted zone of the heart have also been reported to occur in a similar manner, although to a far less degree, in the distant, apparently normal zones of the heart. These alterations in the nonischemic myocardium have usually been tabulated without comment, presumably because their magnitudes approach values of statistical dispersion. Our measurements of electrolyte content in the normal zone of the infarcted rat heart confirmed that all of the electrolyte contents were slightly modified. There was a rise in sodium, calcium, and chloride and a decline in potassium and magnesium. In addition, the extracellular space ([14C]sucrose) in this zone was elevated by nearly 15%. We have postulated a mechanism for this elevation based on an increase in the net filtration rate through myocardial capillaries. The expansion of the extracellular space can account for all of the electrolyte changes in the normal zone with the exception of the alteration in calciu...
TCTAP A-060 A Rare Case of Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy with Right Ventricular Clot and Its Potential Complications and Influence on the Timing of Insertion of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator
Authors: Choon Keong Tee, Heng Shee Kim, Kim Fong Ng, Kumutha Gobal, Adelyn Nisha Henry, Vicknesan Kulasingham, Lim Wei Juan, Norliza Bt. Othman, Benjamin Leo Cheang Leng
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Relation between intracellular sodium and twitch tension in sheep cardiac Purkinje strands exposed to cardiac glycosides.
Authors: J AWasserstrom, D JSchwartz, H AFozzard
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

Changes in intracellular sodium ion activity (aiNa) produced by several cardiac glycosides were correlated with twitch tension in sheep cardiac Purkinje strands. Simultaneous measurements of aiNa and twitch tension were obtained through the use of Na-sensitive intracellular microelectrodes (ETH 227) in Purkinje preparations stimulated at a frequency of 1 Hz. All concentrations of ouabain, acetylstrophanthidin, and actodigin that were tested caused an increase in aiNa immediately before, or coincident with, a positive inotropic effect. No fall in aiNa was observed at any positive inotropic concentration of digitalis in these beating fibers. In all cases, the onset and washout of the positive inotropic effect were paralleled by the rise and fall in aiNa, respectively. No dissociation between changes in aiNa and twitch tension occurred at any concentration of any of the agents used. The relation between changes in aiNa and twitch tension was linear with 1 mM increase in aiNa producing about a 100% increase i...
Clinical significance of prolonged sinoatrial conduction time.
Authors: R CDhingra, FAmat-y-Leon, CWyndham, P CDeedwania, DWu, PDenes, K MRosen
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Prolonged (greater than 152 msec) calculated sinoatrial conduction times (SACT) were found in 24 of 470 patients studied by the atrial extrastimulus technique, ranging from 155 to 220 msec (180+/-4.4; mean+/-SEM). There were 18 males and six females with ages of 29 to 85 (mean 65+/-2.6). Electrocardiographic monitoring revealed significant sinus or atrial dysrhythmias in 19 (79%) patients. Of these 19, 15 had persistent sinus bradycardia and/or sinoatrial block, three had sinus bradyarrhythmia with paroxysmal atrial tachycardia, and one had isolated atrial tachycardia. Additional electrophysiological evidence of sinus node or atrial dysfunction was present in 11 patients. Four patients needed permanent pacing during follow-up (mean follow-up period of 427+/-39 days) because of symptomatic bradyarrhythmia. Three patients died, none suddenly. In conclusion, prolonged calculated SACT was associated with a high incidence of electrocardiographic and electrophysiologic abnormalities of sinus node and/or atrium....
The pathology of wear in the Beall model 104 heart valve prosthesis.
Authors: M DSilver, G JWilson
Journal: Circulation (1977)

We examined 13 Beall model 104 prostheses recovered at surgery or autopsy 10 to 84 1/2 months after insertion and observed the pattern of prosthesis wear. We defined wear as mild when the disc was notched but neither the metal of the struts was exposed not the cloth seat torn. In moderate wear the disc was notched, the Teflon coating of the struts was worn away exposing the underlying metal but the cloth of the set was not torn. The cloth seat was torn in severe wear, exposing the metal seat and causing a different pattern of disc erosion. In one case this allowed the disc to tilt into the valve lumen and, later, to escape from its cage. Most of the prostheses studied showed moderate or severe wear. We believe that some degree of wear is inevitable. Clinical signs and symptoms were not specific but a rough correlation existed between the severity of hemolysis, as indicated by serum LDH levels, and the degree of prosthesis wear. When wear was severe, the results of cardiac catheterization studi...
Effects of atrial natriuretic peptide on proximal epicardial coronary arteries and coronary blood flow in conscious dogs.
Authors: AChu, F RCobb
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

The effects of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on proximal epicardial coronary artery dimensions and coronary blood flow were examined in 7 awake dogs chronically instrumented with miniature coronary dimension crystals and Doppler flow probes on the circumflex coronary artery. ANP (10, 50, and 150 micrograms) was infused as a bolus via the left atrial catheter. Aortic pressure, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, heart rate, and dP/dt did not change significantly with any dose of ANP. ANP caused transient (1-5 minutes) dose-related increases in coronary blood flow; maximum increases were 28.1 +/- 6.9%, 40.2 +/- 6.2%, and 73.9 +/- 12.5% with the 10-, 50-, and 150-micrograms doses, respectively. ANP also induced prolonged (average 70.2 +/- 28.6 minutes with 150-micrograms dose) dose-related increases in coronary diameter; maximum increases were 3.1 +/- 1.0%, 3.9 +/- 1.5%, and 5.7 +/- 1.3% with the 10-, 50-, and 150-micrograms doses, respectively. The increase in diameter was not attenuated when the tr...
Outpatient closure of the patent ductus arteriosus.
Authors: D LWessel, J FKeane, IParness, J ELock
Journal: Circulation (1988)

We have modified and applied to selected outpatients the transvenous approach to correction of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with the Rashkind PDA Occluder. Modifications included establishing the diagnosis and PDA anatomy before catheterization with echocardiography. The sedation/anesthetic regimen was altered to meet the needs with respect to transcatheter PDA closure rather than diagnostic cardiac catheterization. Anticoagulation was avoided. A strategy for management of pin entrapment in the foam was devised. Residual trans-PDA flow after umbrella placement was temporarily occluded with balloon-tipped catheters. These modifications were used in 23 consecutive patients with uncomplicated PDA. Closure was successful in each child. Nineteen of 23 patients were discharged on the day of the procedure. No serious complications were encountered.
Sinus node response to premature atrial stimulation in the rabbit studied with multiple microelectrode impalements.
Authors: GSteinbeck, M AAllessie, F IBonke, W JLammers
Journal: Circulation Research (1978)

In this study we investigated the response of the isolated rabbit sinus node to ectopic atrial premature beats elicited late in the atrial cycle. In three experiments the response of at least 45 different fibers of the sinus node was recorded, whereas, in other experiments, investigation was less extensive. In this way the spread of activation of the total pacemaker area could be mapped accurately both during spontaneous beating and the induction of ectopic atrial beats of different degrees of prematurity. We found that: (1) The conduction of an impulse from the dominant pacemaker area to the atrium during spontaneous rhythm (antegrade conduction) is slower than the conduction of an ectopic atrial impulse towards the center of the sinus node (retrograde conduction). (2) The action potential of the dominant pacemaker fibers in the sinus node is shortened because of premature activation caused by an ectopic impulse from the atrium. Late premature beats had no effect on diastolic depolarization. If the retro...
Short Term Outcomes of Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty in Class III Obese Patients: A Clinical, Retrospective, Single Center Study
Authors: V Pontecorvi, V Bove, C Gallo, G Carlino, L Laterza, MV Matteo, M De Siena, B Orlandini, G Papparella, I Boskoski, G Costamagna
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty (ESG) has spread as effective bariatric endoscopic procedure, especially addressed to class II and class I with comorbidities obesity. Our aim was to evaluate ESG efficacy in terms of weight loss and comorbidities improvement for class III obese patients (BMI>40kg/m2).
The gastrointestinal tract
Authors: D. N. Croft, J. G. Williams
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

The oesophagus extends from the pharynx at the level of the sixth cervical vertebra to the stomach at the level of T10. It lies in close relation to the aorta from T3 downwards and is behind the heart in the anterior/posterior plane from T5 to T10. It is lined by squamous epithelium.
Hormonal and hemodynamic profile of an anaphylactic reaction in man.
Authors: JMoss, N RFahmy, NSunder, M ABeaven
Journal: Circulation (1981)

A 28-year-old female undergoing elective total hip replacement experienced an anaphylactic reaction to succinylcholine. Hemodynamics, plasma histamine and catecholamines were measured. The tachycardia experienced during the reaction appeared to be secondary to the sympathoadrenal response rather than a direct chronotropic effect of histamine.
The Discovery of the Human Trypanosoma
Authors: C. J. Baker, G. Hood, E. L. Hunt, G. I. Lecesne, R. F. de Boissiere, A. H. Davies, E. da Cunha, J. Lunn, R. A. Belilios, W. Fletcher, M. E. O'Dea, T. Hancock, G. Hungerford, M. C. Blair
Journal: BMJ (1902)