tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Staging of disease. A case-mix measurement
Authors: J. S. Gonnella
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Measurement of illness severity is required to evaluate diagnostic efficiency of physicians, assess quality of care, understand utilization of health services, design clinical trials, and reimburse hospitals on the basis of output. "Staging" is a method for measuring severity of specific, well-defined diseases. Staging defines discrete points in the course of individual diseases that are clinically detectable, reflect severity in terms of risk of death or residual impairment, and possess clinical significance for prognosis and choice of therapeutic modality. Medical staging criteria have been developed for 420 diagnoses and converted into "coded" criteria for the major diagnostic coding systems. Coded criteria can be efficiently applied to computerized hospital discharge abstracts to derive a comprehensive case-mix classification system. Uses of staging in epidemiologic, case-mix, and utilization analyses are illustrated for diabetes mellitus. (<i>JAMA</i>1984;251:637-644)
Some recollections of Sir William Osler at Oxford
Authors: A. D. Gardner
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Two separate periods of my life brought me into frequent contact with Sir William Osler, with ample opportunity to feel and see the influence of his powerful mind and personality on myself, my friends, and colleagues in the Oxford medical school. The first period was when I was a preclinical student in 1905 to 1908. Osler was in his late fifties, and full of vigor, having come to Oxford as Regius Professor of Medicine in 1904. We were a very small band of medical students, not more than 20, I think, in the whole University—itself less than 3,000 students. I myself had taken my degree in jurisprudence (law), and had moved over enthusiastically to medicine. At that time the University offered only a preclinical course, of which, however, the physiology course was reputed the best in the country. In this setting, Osler's clinical preeminence made little impact on us, though
Effects of a Prolonged Booster Interval on Neutralization of Omicron Variant
Authors: Xin Zhao, Dedong Li, Wenjing Ruan, Zhihai Chen, Rong Zhang, Anqi Zheng, Shitong Qiao, Xinlei Zheng, Yingze Zhao, Lianpan Dai, Pengcheng Han, George F Gao
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2022)

A list of the investigators in the MEDLEY Study Group is provided in Section S1 in the Supplementary Appendix.A complete list of authors is available with the full text of this letter at NEJM.org.The data sets generated or analyzed
COVID-19–Related Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Presenting With New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes in Severe Ketoacidosis: A Case Series
Authors: Hanan H. Aly, Eman M. Fouda, Alyaa A. Kotby, Sondos M. Magdy, Ahmed R. Rezk, Marwa W.A. Nasef
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)

OBJECTIVE To report and describe cases of children presenting with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) with new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in severe diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This prospective observational study was conducted to characterize children with COVID-19–related MIS-C and new-onset T1DM who were in DKA. MIS-C was diagnosed if Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and World Health Organization criteria were fulfilled. RESULTS Six cases were identified. The patients were critically ill and in nonfluid responsive shock (combined hypovolemic and cardiogenic or distributive shock). All had cardiac involvement. One patient had a Kawasaki shock-like presentation. All needed aggressive treatment with careful monitoring of fluid balance (because of associated cardiac dysfunction), early institution of vasoactive/inotropic supports, and use of methylprednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulins. The latter are better administered after DKA resolution to avoid undue volume overload and fluid shifts while the patients are in DKA. CONCLUSIONS Awareness of MIS-C coexistence with DKA at T1DM onset is crucial for rapid proper management.
LOWER MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH VASOSPASTIC ANGINA WHO RECEIVE STATIN THERAPY: DATA FROM THE ASAN VASOSPASTIC ANGINA REGISTRY
Authors: Cheol Hyun Lee, Kyusup Lee, Jung Ae Hong, Do-Yoon Kang, Se Hun Kang, Pil Hyung Lee, Jung-Min Ahn, Duk-Woo Park, Seung-Whan Lee, Young-Hak Kim, Cheol Whan Lee
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Correction: Loss of XIST in Breast Cancer Activates MSN-c-Met and Reprograms Microglia via Exosomal miRNA to Promote Brain Metastasis
Authors: Fei Xing, Yin Liu, Shih-Ying Wu, Kerui Wu, Sambad Sharma, Yin-Yuan Mo, Jiamei Feng, Stephanie Sanders, Guangxu Jin, Ravi Singh, Pierre-Alexandre Vidi, Abhishek Tyagi, Michael D. Chan, Jimmy Ruiz, Waldemar Debinski, Boris C. Pasche, Hui-Wen Lo, Linda J. Metheny-Barlow, Ralph B. D'Agostino, Kounosuke Watabe
Journal: Cancer Research (2021)

In the original version of this article (1), Fig. 5O was incorrect, resulting in a duplicate image of Fig. 2J. The authors provided a corrected version of Fig. 5O and the error has been corrected in the latest online HTML and PDF versions of the article. The authors regret this error.
BERLIN
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A cause of sudden death.
Journal: BMJ (1971)

It must be emphasized that there are great difficulties in the certain assignment of specific gene loci to particular chromo- somes, and J. H. Renwick'0 has reviewed the pitfalls in using aberrations of chromosomes to place gene loci on these bodies.Some of the problems, such as the inheritance of silent alleles or doubtful patemity, are eliminated in the patient described by Dr. Callender and her colleagues, and this is an advantage of such prospective studies in single individuals.
Impaired Hepatic Mitochondrial Capacity in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Associated With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Sofiya Gancheva, Sabine Kahl, Dominik Pesta, Lucia Mastrototaro, Bedair Dewidar, Klaus Strassburger, Ehsan Sabah, Irene Esposito, Jürgen Weiß, Theresia Sarabhai, Martin Wolkersdorfer, Thomas Fleming, Peter Nawroth, Marcel Zimmermann, Andreas S. Reichert, Matthias Schlensak, Michael Roden
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)

OBJECTIVE Individuals with type 2 diabetes are at higher risk of progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver (steatosis) to steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, and cirrhosis. The hepatic metabolism of obese individuals adapts by upregulation of mitochondrial capacity, which may be lost during the progression of steatosis. However, the role of type 2 diabetes with regard to hepatic mitochondrial function in NASH remains unclear. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We therefore examined obese individuals with histologically proven NASH without (OBE) (n = 30; BMI 52 ± 9 kg/m2) or with type 2 diabetes (T2D) (n = 15; 51 ± 7 kg/m2) as well as healthy individuals without liver disease (CON) (n = 14; 25 ± 2 kg/m2). Insulin sensitivity was measured by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps with d-[6,6-2H2]glucose. Liver biopsies were used for assessing mitochondrial capacity by high-resolution respirometry and protein expression. RESULTS T2D and OBE had comparable hepatic fat content, lobular inflammation, and fibrosis. Oxidative capacity in liver tissue normalized for citrate synthase activity was 59% greater in OBE than in CON, whereas T2D presented with 33% lower complex II–linked oxidative capacity than OBE and higher H2O2 production than CON. Interestingly, those with NASH and hepatic fibrosis score ≥1 had lower oxidative capacity and antioxidant defense than those without fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS Loss of hepatic mitochondrial adaptation characterizes NASH and type 2 diabetes or hepatic fibrosis and may thereby favor accelerated disease progression.
Nursing: breaking the bonds?
Authors: E. Friedman
Journal: JAMA (1990)

IN SPITE OF nursing's historic ability to beat the odds, and its recent record of accomplishment and growing power, the profession's future is uncertain. It is, like most of health care, facing restricted funding, work force shortages, rationing, and political upheavals. In addition, nursing faces specific dilemmas that have plagued it for more than 100 years: what nursing is, who should practice it, with what preparation, and in what setting. The profession has not yet answered these questions to its own satisfaction, much less to the satisfaction of anyone outside the field. But because nursing—whatever it is—is so essential to health care, its problems can easily become the problems of health care as a whole. That has been demonstrated by the domino effect of the current nursing shortage on other providers. It therefore seems likely that as nursing seeks to take a unified stand about its own future, a great
Anticipating and Addressing Challenges During Implementation of Clinical Decision Support Systems
Authors: Nishant R. Shah, Vishal Khetpal, Sebhat Erqou
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Rachel Gold, PhD, MPH; Annie E. Larson, PhD; JoAnn M. Sperl-Hillen, MD; David Boston, MD; Christina R. Sheppler, PhD; John Heintzman, MD; Carmit McMullen, PhD; Mary Middendorf, BS; Deepika Appana, BS; Vijayakumar Thirumalai, BTech; Ann Romer, MS; Julianne Bava, MSN; James V. Davis, BA; Nadia Yosuf, MPH; Jenny Hauschildt, MPH; Kristin Scott, MPH; Susan Moore, BS; Patrick J. O'Connor, MD, MA, MPH
A commentary on “Simplified risk-prediction for benchmarking and quality improvement in emergency general surgery. Prospective, multicenter, observational cohort study” (Int J Surg 2022; 97:106168)
Authors: Michelle Bravo Villalobos, Karen Sofia Mantilla Mancilla, Gina Fernanda Rivera Pinzón, Gonzalo Andrés Domínguez-Alvarado
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2022)
Sudden Development of Indurated Subcutaneous Nodules in a Patient With a Recent Melanoma Surgical Procedure
Authors: Alejandra Sandoval-Clavijo, Raquel Albero-González, Agustí Toll
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
TRAVEL NOTES FROM SOUTH AMERICA.
Authors: NICHOLAS SENN
Journal: JAMA (1907)

<h3>II. RIO DE JANEIRO.</h3> Rio de Janeiro, the capital city of Brazil, has at present a population of nearly 700,000. The city forms a crescent around the magnificent harbor and reaches inland among the foothills of the coast range of mountains. Nature has surrounded this city with a scenery unsurpassed in grandeur and beauty, consisting of the broad expanse of the bay as a foreground, and the verdant Organ Mountains with their lofty peaks as a pleasing background. The bay is jeweled with more than a hundred islets, which appear like so many emeralds set in sapphire blue, and the city is partitioned by a number of hills whose primeval forests have not been touched by the rude hand of man. There are many larger and fairer cities than Rio de Janeiro, but none has such grand and beautiful alpine scenery surrounding it. Although it was midwinter at the time
Tobacco will kill a third of the young men in China
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Tobacco will kill a third of the young men in China China now consumes a third of the world's cigarettes, and on pp 1411 and 1423 Liu et al and Niu et al report large nationwide retrospective and prospective studies of the hazards of tobacco, with closely concordant results.The pattern of disease caused by smoking varies widely from one part of China to another, and between China and the West, but the overall risk is substantial and growing.In Britain and America about half of all persistent cigarette smokers are eventually killed by tobacco, and about the same overall risks will be seen in China.Two thirds of the young men become persistent smokers, so about 100 million of the 0.3 billion Chinese men now aged 0-29 will be killed by tobacco in middle or old age.
<i>ERJ</i>Podcast April 2017: Exhaled biomarkers in lung disease
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

As part of the April issue, the European Respiratory Journal presents the latest in its series of podcasts. Chief editor Marc Humbert discusses the publication of an ERS technical standard for the measurement of exhaled biomarkers of lung disease with Prof. Ildikó Horváth from the National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.
Activation of succinate receptor 1 boosts human mast cell reactivity and allergic bronchoconstriction
Authors: Xiao Tang, Elin Rönnberg, Jesper Säfholm, Madhuranayaki Thulasingam, Mette Trauelsen, Thue W. Schwartz, Craig E. Wheelock, Sven‐Erik Dahlén, Gunnar Nilsson, Jesper Z. Haeggström
Journal: Allergy (2022)

SUCNR1 is a sensor of extracellular succinate, a Krebs cycle intermediate generated in excess during oxidative stress and has been linked to metabolic regulation and inflammation. While mast cells express SUCNR1, its role in mast cell reactivity and allergic conditions such as asthma remains to be elucidated.Cord blood-derived mast cells and human mast cell line LAD-2 challenged by SUCNR1 ligands were analyzed for the activation and mediator release. Effects on mast cell-dependent bronchoconstriction were assessed in guinea pig trachea and isolated human small bronchi challenged with antigen and anti-IgE, respectively.SUCNR1 is abundantly expressed on human mast cells. Challenge with succinate, or the synthetic non-metabolite agonist cis-epoxysuccinate, renders mast cells hypersensitive to IgE-dependent activation, resulting in augmented degranulation and histamine release, de novo biosynthesis of eicosanoids and cytokine secretion. The succinate-potentiated mast cell reactivity was attenuated by SUCNR1 knockdown and selective SUCNR1 antagonists and could be tuned by pharmacologically targeting protein kinase C and extracellular signal-regulated kinase. Both succinate and cis-epoxysuccinate dose-dependently potentiated antigen-induced contraction in a mast cell-dependent guinea pig airway model, associated with increased generation of cysteinyl-leukotrienes and histamine in trachea. Similarly, cis-epoxysuccinate aggravated IgE-receptor-induced contraction of human bronchi, which was blocked by SUCNR1 antagonism.SUCNR1 amplifies IgE-receptor-induced mast cell activation and allergic bronchoconstriction, suggesting a role for this pathway in aggravation of allergic asthma, thus linking metabolic perturbations to mast cell-dependent inflammation.
Unraveling B cell trajectories at single cell resolution
Authors: Dhakshayini Morgan, Vinay Tergaonkar
Journal: Trends in Immunology (2022)

During adaptive immunity, B cells differentiate either into memory B cells or plasma cells and produce antibodies against foreign antigens to fight infection. Additionally, they behave as antigen-presenting cells and participate in T cell activation during cellular immune responses. However, their functional dysregulation can result in various autoimmune diseases and cancers. With significant breakthroughs in single cell technologies, assessing individual B cell genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics can give deeper insights into mammalian B cell development, differentiation, antibody repertoire, and responses under conditions of homeostasis, infection, and aberrations during disease. In this review, we discuss the adoption of single cell approaches to identify different B cell gene signatures and biomarkers in normal and diseased tissues, and subsequent benefits for future therapeutic discoveries.
An Autonomy-Based Approach to Justifying Physician-Assisted Death: A Recent Judgment of the German Federal Constitutional Court
Authors: Esther Braun, Jakov Gather, Matthé Scholten, Jochen Vollmann
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2022)

This article refers to:From Reciprocity to Autonomy in Physician-Assisted Death: An Ethical Analysis of the Dutch Supreme Court Ruling in the Albert Heringa Case
特应性皮炎与高血压之间的关联
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2022)

Journal Article 特应性皮炎与高血压之间的关联 Get access British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 186, Issue 2, 1 February 2022, Page e101, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.20929 Published: 01 February 2022
<i>ERJ</i>Podcast February 2018: Effectiveness<i>versus</i>efficacy
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2018)

As part of the February issue, the European Respiratory Journal presents the latest in its series of podcasts. Chief editor Martin Kolb interviews the Jørgen Vestbo (The University of Manchester and Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK) about the important difference between standard efficacy trials and real-world effectiveness trials such as the Salford Lung Study.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy versus surgical gastrojejunostomy for the palliation of gastric outlet obstruction in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis
Authors: Ali Abbas, Russell D. Dolan, Ahmad Najdat Bazarbashi, Christopher C. Thompson
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

BACKGROUND : Gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) with peritoneal carcinomatosis presents a technical challenge. Surgical gastrojejunostomy (SGJ) or enteral stenting have been the standard of care; however, endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE) has emerged as a favorable alternative. Few data exist that compare these techniques in the setting of peritoneal carcinomatosis. METHODS : This single-center retrospective cohort study included 25 EUS-GE and 27 SGJ consecutive patients. Baseline demographics, cancer diagnosis and stage, clinical and technical success, adverse events, and obstruction recurrence data were collected. The primary outcome was the technical success comparison; secondary outcome was the adverse event rate comparison. Rates were compared with standard statistical tests. RESULTS : Mean age, obstruction location, and symptoms were similar between the groups. The EUS-GE group had more advanced disease (clinical stage 4, 100 % vs. 67 %; P = 0.006) and higher American Society of Anesthesiologists classification (class 3-4, 92 % vs. 50 %; P = 0.004). The technical success rate was 100 % in both groups (P > 0.99) and the adverse event rate was lower for EUS-GE (8 % vs. 41 %; P = 0.01). Clinical success was 88 % for EUS-GE and 85 % for SGJ (P > 0.99) and recurrent obstruction was lower with EUS-GE (28 % vs. 41 %; P = 0.13). The EUS-GE group had shorter procedure duration, length of stay, and time to chemotherapy resumption than the SGJ group. CONCLUSIONS : Although the EUS-GE group was older, with more comorbidity and advanced stages, the technical success rate was similar to SGJ and it had significantly fewer adverse events. EUS-GE is a safe and effective option for the management of malignant GOO with peritoneal carcinomatosis.
Damage in hidradenitis suppurativa: a narrative review emphasizing the need for a novel outcome measure
Authors: Madelaine Fritsche, Martin Okun, Joslyn S. Kirby
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2022)

Cutaneous damage caused by hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is an important contributor to disease burden, independent of active lesions. Outcome measures used to specifically assess damage are becoming commonplace in the assessment of inflammatory diseases. However, no standardized method for assessing HS damage currently exists. The purpose of this study was to review outcome measures in HS that include constructs of both active disease and damage, review damage-specific instruments used in other inflammatory and destructive diseases, and review instruments used to assess scars of various aetiologies. This ultimately provides insight into how attributes of different tools can be applied to develop an outcome measure specific to HS damage. What is already known about this topic? Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, relapsing, inflammatory skin condition, which causes consequent cutaneous damage and scarring. Damage caused by HS is highly prevalent and an important contributor to its morbidity. Damage is an important component of inflammatory diseases that has proven its utility in a number of outcome measures; however, no standardized method for assessing HS damage currently exists. What does this study add? This narrative review assesses outcome measures used to measure damage in other inflammatory and destructive diseases. Instruments used to assess damage in other diseases can provide a starting point for the development of a damage outcome measure for HS.
Dupilumab Improves Clinical and Histologic Aspects of Disease in Adult and Adolescent Patients With Eosinophilic Esophagitis at Week 24: Results from Part B of the 3-Part LIBERTY EoE TREET Study
Authors: Marc Rothenberg, Evan Dellon, Albert Bredenoord, Margaret Collins, Ikuo Hirano, Mirna Chehade, Alfredo Lucendo, Jonathan Spergel, Xian Sun, Jennifer Hamilton, Urvi Mujumdar, Eilish McCann, Leda Mannent, Bolanle Akinlade, Elizabeth Laws, Nikhil Amin, Angeliki Giannelou, Kiran Patel, Bethany Beazley, Arsalan Shabbir
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2022)
The association of left ventricular ejection fraction, mortality, and cause of death in stable patients with heart failure
Authors: Jeptha P. Curtis, Seth I. Sokol, Yongfei Wang, Saif S. Rathore, Dennis T. Ko, Farid Jadbabaie, Edward L. Portnay, Stephen J. Marshalko, Martha J. Radford, Harlan M. Krumholz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)