tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Third Generation CD20 Targeted CAR T-Cell Therapy (MB-106) for Treatment of Patients with Relapsed/Refractory B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Mazyar Shadman, Cecilia Yeung, Mary W Redman, Sang Yun Lee, Dong Hoon Lee, Ajeetha Ramachandran, Susan Ra, Edmond A Marzbani, Solomon A. Graf, Edus H. Warren, Ajay K. Gopal, Aude G. Chapuis, Merav Bar, Damian J. Green, Jordan Gauthier, Ryan D. Cassaday, Hans-Peter Kiem, Cameron J. Turtle, David G. Maloney, Brian G. Till
Journal: Blood (2020)
Bone Tissue Engineering: Attachment of Ultralow Amount of Engineered Plant Viral Nanoparticles to Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhances Osteogenesis and Mineralization (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 21/2020)
Authors: Ying‐Ying Lin, Juliane Schuphan, Christina Dickmeis, Eva Miriam Buhl, Ulrich Commandeur, Horst Fischer
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2020)

In article number 2001245 by Ulrich Commandeur, Horst Fischer, and co-workers, plant virus nanoparticles, engineered with functional peptides, are laden in mesenchymal stem cellembedded hydrogels at an ultralow concentration for generating a bone substitute. Their competence in stimulation of mineralization and osteogenesis, and the superiority of enriched functional peptides on its surface are verified, demonstrating an excellent candidate for hydrogel composites in bone tissue engineering.
Efficacy of Tafasitamab (MOR208) Combined with Lenalidomide in Patients with High-Risk Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in the L-Mind Study
Authors: Eva González-Barca, Johannes Duell, Federica Cavallo, Juan-Manuel Sancho, Zsolt Nagy, Pau Abrisqueta, Carlos Panizo, Marinela Augustin, Johannes Weirather, Sumeet Ambarkhane, Kami J. Maddocks, Nagesh Kalakonda, Gilles Salles
Journal: Blood (2020)
Microrna-142 Deficiency Promotes Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) Transformation from Chronic Phase (CP) to Blast Crisis (BC)
Authors: Bin Amber Zhang, Dandan Zhao, Huafeng Wang, Chen Liang, Le Xuan Truong Nguyen, Junjing Qiao, Shanshan Suo, Yasmin Elhajmoussa, Lucy Ghoda, David Frankhouser, Russell Rockne, Ling Li, Ya-Huei Kuo, Mark Boldin, Guido Marcucci
Journal: Blood (2020)
Safety Profile of Maintenance Obinutuzumab in Patients with Primary CNS Lymphoma in Complete Response
Authors: Nancy D. Doolittle, Prakash Ambady, David M. Peereboom, Douglas E. Ney, Larry Junck, Yoshie Umemura, Roy Ervin Strowd III, Glenn J. Lesser, David Schiff, Camilo E. Fadul, Michael Glantz, Erin M. Dunbar, Peter Barth, Edward Pan, Alissa A. Thomas, Rongwei Fu, Edward A. Neuwelt
Journal: Blood (2020)
A Novel TBI Free Conditioning Protocol for Haploidentical Transplant in Acquired Aplastic Anemia: (FluCAB-Prime)
Authors: Raheel Iftikhar, Qamar Un Nisa Chaudhry, Syed Kamran Mahmood, Tariq Ghafoor, Nighat Shahbaz, Mehreen Ali Khan, Tariq Khattak, Ghassan Shamshad, Jahanzeb Rehman, Muhammad Farhan, Tariq Mahmood Satti, Parvez Ahmed
Journal: Blood (2020)
Clinical Efficacy of Polatuzumab Vedotin in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Large B-Cell Lymphoma after Standard of Care Axicabtagene Ciloleucel
Authors: Paolo Strati, Grace Watson, Sandra B. Horowitz, Ranjit Nair, Maria Alma Rodriguez, Raphael Eric Steiner, Luis Fayad, Jason R. Westin, Sattva S. Neelapu
Journal: Blood (2020)
Acoustically Mediated Controlled Drug Release and Targeted Therapy with Degradable 3D Porous Magnetic Microrobots
Authors: Jongeon Park, Jin‐young Kim, Salvador Pané, Bradley J. Nelson, Hongsoo Choi
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2020)

Abstract Microrobots for targeted drug delivery are of great interest due to their minimal invasiveness and wireless controllability. Here, a magnetically driven porous degradable microrobot (PDM) is reported that consists of a 3D printed helical soft polymeric chassis made of a poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate and pentaerythritol triacrylate matrix containing magnetite nanoparticles and the anticancer drug 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU). The encapsulated Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles render the PDM a precise wireless magnetic actuation by means of rotating magnetic fields (RMFs). The increased surface area of the porous PDM facilitates the acoustically induced drug release due to a higher response to the acoustic energy. The drug release profile from the PDM can be selected on command from three different modes, referred to herein as natural, burst, and constant, by differentiating the ultrasound exposure condition. Finally, in vitro test results reveal different therapeutic results for each release mode. The observed great reduction of cancer cell viability in the burst‐ and constant‐release modes confirms that ultrasound with the proposed PDM can enhance the therapeutic effect by increasing drug concentration and sonoporation.
Predicting Risk of Progression in Relapsed Multiple Myeloma Using Minimal Residual Disease Status and Focal Lesion Assessment with PET-CT
Authors: David Baker, Milan Bimali, Luis Carrillo, Archana Sachedina, Daisy Alapat, Md shadiqul Hoque, Mathew Kottarathara, Richa Parikh, Amani Erra, Angel Mitma, Pankaj Mathur, Guido Tricot, Sharmilan Thanendrarajan, Maurizio Zangari, Frits van Rhee, Carolina D. Schinke
Journal: Blood (2020)
FRI0050 Patients with rheumatoid arthritis on methotrexate. cases of aplastic anaemia. follow up of fourteen years
Authors: P Athanassiou, C Antoniades, A Elezoglou, I Kostoglou-Athanassiou, G Papadimitriou, A Boubougianni, A Akkizidou, G Vezyroglou
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> Methotrexate has been recognised as one of the main therapeutic agents used in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However some of the adverse effects of low-dose methotrexate therapy and in particular pancytopenia have caused major concern. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim was to describe our experience of long-term follow up of patients with RA treated with low-dose methotrexate, in particular in reference to the appearance of pancytopenia. <h3>Methods</h3> During the last 14 years 528 RA patients were treated with methotrexate 7.5–15 mg/week by the Rheumatology Department. These patients were followed up by the Rheumatology Department and they had a complete laboratory evaluation and clinical examination in regular intervals. <h3>Results</h3> In 528 RA patients treated with low-dose methotrexate therapy over a period of 14 years 4 cases of aplastic anaemia were diagnosed (0.76%). In these patients the white cell count, platelet count, haemoglobin and haematocrit values decreased. In all 4 cases liver function tests were slightly elevated. Folinic calcium was administered and white cell and platelet counts improved, while haematocrit remained stable. The increase in white cell count after the administration of folinic calcium was satisfactory and the addition of growth factors to aid haemopoiesis was not considered necessary. In a female patient a very marked decrease in white cell count was observed and the patient died from sepsis, despite the administration of antibiotics. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Low-dose methotrexate therapy in long term follow-up appears to be a safe and effective form of therapy for RA patients. Therapy appears to be well tolerated by the patients. Pancytopenia appears to be one of the most significant and dangerous complications of this form of therapy, being observed even in the absence of other recognised risk factors. Pancytopenia may occur abruptly in patients with RA on low-dose methotrexate therapy. Regular laboratory investigations are essential for the early detection of this complication. The administration of supplement folate in patients with RA on low-dose methotrexate therapy may reduce the incidence of pancytopenia.
Abstract 15425: The Novel Late Sodium Current Blocker GS-458967 Suppresses Action Potential Duration Alternans and Early Afterdepolarization in a Transgenic Rabbit Model of Long Qt Syndrome Type 2
Authors: Jungmin Hwang, Luiz Belardinelli, Sridharan Rajamani, Zachary Pfeiffer, Bryant Yang, Taeyun Kim, Jason Centracchio, Lorraine Schofield, Xuwen Peng, Konstantinos Kodssidas, Gideon Koren, Bum Rak Choi
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Congenital long QT syndrome type 2 (LQT2) is a familial disease, characterized by prolongation of the QT interval and sudden cardiac death caused by polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (PVT) due to...
PD-L1/PD-1 Pattern of Distribution within Bone Marrow Microenvironment Cells in Patients with Smoldering Myeloma and Active Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Federica Costa, Rosanna Vescovini, Laura Notarfranchi, Paola Storti, Valentina Marchica, Anna Benedetta Dalla Palma, Cristina Manferdini, Denise Toscani, Rosalba Eufemiese, Jessica Burroughs, Gina Lisignoli, Nicola Giuliani
Journal: Blood (2020)
A Novel Lncrna, Lncery, Interacts with Wdr82 to Regulate Erythroid Differentiation By Promoting Globin Gene Transcription
Authors: Shangda Yang, Guohuan Sun, Peng Wu, Yijin Kuang, Cong Chen, Zhaofeng Zheng, Quan Gu, Caiying Zhu, Fanglin Gou, Zining Yang, Xiangnan Zhao, Liu Yang, Shihong Lu, Shi Lihong, Xue Lv, Fang Dong, Lihong Shi, Lai Guang Ng, Jing Liu, Hui Cheng, Tao Cheng
Journal: Blood (2020)
Eighteen-Month Interim Analysis of Efficacy and Safety of Givosiran, an RNAi Therapeutic for Acute Hepatic Porphyria, in the Envision Open Label Extension
Authors: David J. Kuter, Sioban Keel, Charles J. Parker, David C. Rees, Ulrich Stölzel, Paolo Ventura, Manisha Balwani, Laurent Gouya, Amy Simon, Shangbin Liu, John J Ko, Sean Rhyee, Samuel M. Silver
Journal: Blood (2020)
The Genomic Complexity of Multiple Myeloma Precursor Disease Can be Predicted Using Copy Number Signatures on Targeted Sequencing and SNP Array Data
Authors: Kylee H Maclachlan, Binbin Zheng-Lin, Venkata Yellapantula, Even H Rustad, Benjamin Diamond, Malin Hultcrantz, Ahmet Dogan, Yanming Zhang, Gareth Morgan, Ola Landgren, Francesco Maura
Journal: Blood (2020)
The paradox-breaking panRAF plus SRC family kinase inhibitor, CCT3833, is effective in mutant KRAS-driven cancers
Authors: G. Saturno, F. Lopes, I. Niculescu-Duvaz, D. Niculescu-Duvaz, A. Zambon, L. Davies, L. Johnson, N. Preece, R. Lee, A. Viros, D. Holovanchuk, M. Pedersen, R. McLeary, P. Lorigan, N. Dhomen, C. Fisher, U. Banerji, E. Dean, M.G. Krebs, M. Gore, J. Larkin, R. Marais, C. Springer
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)

KRAS is mutated in ∼90% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas, ∼35% of colorectal cancers and ∼20% of non-small-cell lung cancers. There has been recent progress in targeting
Abstract 348: Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate Induces Dedifferentiation of Cardiac Myofibroblasts to Fibroblasts and Other Unidentified Type of Cells
Authors: Vy Tran Luu, Sang Phan, Zhuqiu Jin
Journal: Circulation Research (2020)

Cardiac fibrosis plays an essential role in cardiac pathogenic processes that occur as a result of myocardial infarction or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts to myofibroblasts is considered to be a critical step in the activation and progression of cardiac fibrosis. TGFβ is one of the essential molecules that promote transition of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. Reversal of formed myofibroblasts to fibroblasts remains incompletely understood. Phorbol 12-Myristate 13-Acetate (PMA) regulates metabolism and functions of multiple cells via PKC activation mostly. To study effects of PMA on differentiation of de novo formed cardiac myofibroblasts, human cardiac fibroblasts were utilized. Human cardiac fibroblasts (HCF) cultured in fibroblast medium (FM)-2 were converted into myofibroblasts in the presence of 2 ng/mL of TGF-β1 for 48 hours. Expression of α-SMA, the biomarker of myofibroblasts, and FSP1, the biomarker of fibroblasts, was detected using Western blot and immunofluorescence. Collagen gel contraction induced by fibroblasts was determined as well. TGF-β1 increased the expression of α-SMA and reduced the expression of FSP1. Distinct cellular morphology changes in the shape and size of HCF were observed after incubation with TGF-β1 for 48 hours. To investigate effect of PMA on dedifferentiation of formed myofibroblasts, these TGF-β1-pretreated cells were divided into four groups for additional 48 hours incubation: PMA groups (10, 50, and 100 ng/mL) or DMSO (vehicle control). Both 50 and 100 ng/mL of PMA reduced the expression of α-SMA but only 100 ng/mL of PMA increased the expression of FSP1. The shape and size of cells changed after treatment with PMA. PMA also reduced TGF-β1-induced collagen gel contraction (P&lt;0.05, compared to DMSO group). These data indicated that PMA can reverse the differentiation of de novo formed human cardiac myofibroblasts induced by TGF-β1 to fibroblasts and other unidentified type of cells. Although the mechanism of dedifferentiation remains to be identified, the novel finding of this study shed light on future development of agents to treat fibrotic diseases.
FLT3 Ligand-DM1 Conjugate Selectively Targets Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells with FLT3 Expression
Authors: Dengyang Zhang, Yao Guo, Yuming Zhao, Liuting Yu, Zhiguang Chang, Han Zhong Pei, Junbin Huang, Chun Chen, Hongman Xue, Yihang Pan, Ningning Li, Chengming Zhu, Zhizhuang Joe Zhao, Jian Yu, Yun Chen
Journal: Blood (2020)
A Phase 1 Study of NKX101, an Allogeneic CAR Natural Killer (NK) Cell Therapy, in Subjects with Relapsed/Refractory (R/R) Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) or Higher-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)
Authors: Carlos Bachier, Gautam Borthakur, Chitra Hosing, William Blum, Marcello Rotta, Paulius Ojeras, Brian Barnett, Kanya Rajangam, Navneet S. Majhail, Sarah Nikiforow
Journal: Blood (2020)
Abstract PO-057: Host cell-derived TXA2-mediated Gq signaling in tumor cells promotes tumor immune evasion
Authors: Kenta Terai, Yoshinobu Konishi, Hiroshi Ichise, Tetsuya Watabe, Yukari Sando, Takefumi Kondo, Choji Oki, Shinya Tsukiji, Yoko Hamazaki, Yasuhiro Murakawa, Akifumi Takaori-Kondo, Michiyuki Matsuda
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Tumor-derived prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) promotes tumor progression through evasion of anti-tumor immunity. However, little is known about how PGE2 secretion is regulated within tumor tissues. Here, we show that host cell-derived thromboxane A2 (TXA2) triggers tumor cells to secrete PGE2, resulting in the evasion of anti-tumor immunity. An induction of Ca2+ transients in BrafV600E mouse melanoma cells is sufficient to trigger PGE2 secretion. The frequency of Ca2+ transients is markedly higher in melanoma cells implanted into mice than those in vitro. We show that t he melanoma cells deficient in TXA2 receptor or Gq subunit α do not exhibit Ca2+ transients in vivo nor evade anti-tumor immunity, as do not melanoma cells deficient in cyclooxygenases (COX). Motesanib, a VEGF receptor antagonist, suppresses Ca2+ transients, suggesting the involvement of tumor endothelial cells in the TXA2 production within tumor tissue. These resultsresults identifyresults identifyidentify TXA2 as a critical promotertargetof PGE2-dependent tumorigenesis. Citation Format: Kenta Terai, Yoshinobu Konishi, Hiroshi Ichise, Tetsuya Watabe, Yukari Sando, Takefumi Kondo, Choji Oki, Shinya Tsukiji, Yoko Hamazaki, Yasuhiro Murakawa, Akifumi Takaori-Kondo, Michiyuki Matsuda. Host cell-derived TXA2-mediated Gq signaling in tumor cells promotes tumor immune evasion [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Tumor Heterogeneity: From Single Cells to Clinical Impact; 2020 Sep 17-18. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(21 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-057.
AB0044 An outstanding late rheumatoid arthritis in a patient with acromegalic arthropathy: a case report
Authors: L Özçakar, A Sivri, S Bal
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> <h3>Objectives</h3> Arthropathy is a consequence of growth hormone excess in acromegalic patients due to articular cartilage and nearby soft tissue involvement. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is, on the other hand, another entity, which may sometimes look alike due to the similar clinical findings. We present this case where these both diseases exist at the same time. <h3>Methods</h3> A 63-year old male complaining of joint pain and ankle swelling was evaluated. The arthralgia he described, was mainly in his knees, elbows and shoulders, and exaggerated especially at night. Recently accompanying swelling and erythema in his left ankle and in the left second metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint did exist. He has been diagnosed as acromegalia for 15 years whereas his symptoms related with the joints came out within the last 6 years. He is somatotropinectomized and has also received radiotherapy for his primary disease. His neck, bilateral wrist, elbow and shoulder joints were involved, thus were painful and limited during normal range of motions. MCP joints being worse than the interphalangeal joints were likewise involved. His left ankle and MCP joints were swollen and red additionally. Laboratory and radiological evaluations comprising complete blood count, liver and kidney function tests, serological tests, direct x-rays of the joints were carried out. His erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was 93 mm/h, RF: 685 IU/ml. The diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis other than the concurrent acromegalic arthropathy was confirmed with the radiological and clinical findings according to the ARA criteria. He was then treated with steroids. <h3>Results</h3> We considered this case challenging and notifying since an acromegalic patient can easily be misdiagnosed as having RA especially when high ESR and morning stiffness accompanies the case. We think the uncommon coexistence i.e. not mentioned up to date in the literature, may enlighten the still unknown pathogenesis of RA with the probability of growth factors mastering the whole event. <h3>Conclusion</h3>
Whole Exome Sequencing of a Patient with Atypical Congenital Pure Red Cell Aplasia Has Enabled the Identification of a Novel Key Actor of Erythropoiesis That May be Involved in CDAI Physiopathology
Authors: Elia Colin, Genevieve Courtois, Lydie Da Costa, Carine Lefevre, Michael Dussiot, Julie Galimand, Joël Veiga, Sandra Manceau, David Rizzo, Julie Abraham, Sylvie Fabrega, Stephane Moreau, Marion Delous, Patrick Mayeux, Leila maouche-Chretien, Olivier Hermine, Lucile Couronné
Journal: Blood (2020)
General and Health-Related Internet Use Among Cancer Survivors in the United States: A 2013–2018 Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Edward Christopher Dee, Vinayak Muralidhar, Santino S. Butler, Zizi Yu, Sybil T. Sha, Brandon A. Mahal, Paul L. Nguyen, Nina N. Sanford
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2020)

A significant proportion of cancer survivors endorse ongoing health information needs and may use the internet to access information. We assessed patterns and predictors of general and health-specific internet use among cancer survivors.Using data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), which was administered in 2013 through 2018, for adults reporting a cancer diagnosis, sample weight-adjusted estimates defined prevalence and multivariable logistic regressions defined adjusted odds ratios (aORs) of general and health-specific internet use, adjusting for relevant sociodemographic covariates, including healthcare satisfaction as the primary independent variable. The analysis for health-specific internet use was also repeated including a sex (female vs male)*healthcare satisfaction (very satisfied/somewhat satisfied vs somewhat dissatisfied/very dissatisfied) interaction term.Among 12,970 survivors of cancer, general and health-specific internet use increased from 2013 to 2018 (from 63.2% to 70.8% and from 46.8% to 52.2%, respectively; P<.05 for both). Survivors who were very dissatisfied with healthcare were more likely to use the internet for health information compared with those who were very satisfied (59.5% vs 48.0%; aOR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.20-2.64; P=.004). Younger age, female sex, higher educational attainment, and higher socioeconomic status were all associated with increased reported use of the internet for both general and health-specific purposes (P<.001 for all). There was a significant sex*healthcare satisfaction interaction (P=.009) such that for female survivors, healthcare dissatisfaction was associated with higher odds of health-specific internet use (61.4% vs 52.5%; P<.001; men, P=.97). No association was found between healthcare satisfaction and general internet use (P=.42).The increasing proportion of survivors of cancer using the internet for health-specific information may be associated with self-reported dissatisfaction with healthcare. Efforts are needed to improve both access to the internet and the quality of cancer-relevant online health information, and to enhance patients' online health literacy.
Abstract 395: The Role of Transglutaminase 2 (tg2) in Regulation of Macrophage Phenotype
Authors: Arti V Shinde, Ya Su, Nikolaos G Frangogiannis
Journal: Circulation Research (2020)

Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) expression is increased in infarcted and remodeling hearts and modulates cellular responses through enzymatic effects and non-enzymatic actions. In monocytic cells, TG2 is predominantly expressed by M2 macrophages in both mice and humans. Although TG2 is considered a preserved and reliable marker of M2 macrophages, its role in regulation of macrophage phenotype remains unknown. In order to study the role of TG2 in macrophage function in homeostasis and disease, we generated mice with myeloid cell-specific loss of TG2 (MyTG2KO), and examined their response to experimental myocardial infarction (MI). Using myeloid cell reporter CSF1R EGFP mice, we found that TG2 is highly expressed in the majority of spleen, liver and lung macrophages, and is markedly upregulated in M2-like Arg1+ macrophages infiltrating the infarcted heart in contrast to infarct neutrophils. MyTG2KO mice had no baseline defects. Following MI, MyTG2KO mice and TG2 fl/fl controls had comparable chamber dilation, systolic dysfunction and infarct size, but exhibited attenuated diastolic dysfunction and reduced atrial size, reflecting lower filling pressures. Macrophages harvested from infarcted MyTG2KO mice had comparable pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine synthesis, but markedly increased expression of caveolin-1, the integrins a1, b1 and b3, and of the anti-fibrotic proteoglycan decorin. In vitro, we examined the effects of TG2 loss on the transcriptomic profile of bone marrow macrophages using RNAseq. Reactome and KEGG analysis showed that TG2 loss did not affect the baseline macrophage transcriptome differences. In contrast, following TGF-b stimulation, TG2 KO and WT cells had differential expression of genes regulating focal adhesion formation and the actin cytoskeleton. Consistent with the in vivo findings, TGF-b stimulation resulted in higher caveolin-1 and decorin in TG2 KO macrophages. In summary, TG2 expression is induced in M2-like macrophages infiltrating the infarcted heart and mediates diastolic dysfunction. The effects of TG2 in macrophages are not due to actions on their inflammatory profile, but may involve modulation of focal adhesion formation and cell migration, and subsequent expression of anti-fibrotic genes.
Transcriptome and proteome mapping in the sheep atria reveal molecular featurets of atrial fibrillation progression
Authors: Alba Alvarez-Franco, Raquel Rouco, Rafael J Ramirez, Guadalupe Guerrero-Serna, Maria Tiana, Sara Cogliati, Kuljeet Kaur, Mohammed Saeed, Ricardo Magni, Jose Antonio Enriquez, Fatima Sanchez-Cabo, José Jalife, Miguel Manzanares
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2020)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a progressive cardiac arrhythmia that increases the risk of hospitalization and adverse cardiovascular events. There is a clear demand for more inclusive and large-scale approaches to understand the molecular drivers responsible for AF, as well as the fundamental mechanisms governing the transition from paroxysmal to persistent and permanent forms. In this study, we aimed to create a molecular map of AF and find the distinct molecular programmes underlying cell type-specific atrial remodelling and AF progression.