tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tennis leg
Authors: A. I. Froimson
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Tennis leg is a painful condition of partial tearing of the medial belly of the gastrocnemius, caused by overstretching the muscle by concomitant ankle dorsiflexion and full knee extension. Contributory factors are muscle fatigue and degenerative changes. Simple conservative treatment is effective and permanent disability does not result. Prodromic calf aching has been discussed and permits preventive measures to be taken. A diagnosis of plantaris tendon rupture is erroneous.
A hydrogel spinal dural patch with potential anti-inflammatory, pain relieving and antibacterial effects
Authors: Jiahao Li, Jingjing Tian, Chunxu Li, Longyun Chen, Yu Zhao
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2022)

CSFL caused by spinal dural defect is a common complication of spinal surgery, which need repair such as suture or sealants. However, low intracranial pressure symptoms, wound infection and prolonged hospital associated with pin-hole leakage or loose seal effect were often occurred after surgical suture or sealants repair. Stable, pressure resistance and high viscosity spinal dural repair patch in wet environment without suture or sealants was highly needed. Herein, a bioactive patch composed of alginate and polyacrylamide hydrogel matrix cross-linked by calcium ions, and chitosan adhesive was proposed. This fabricated patch exhibits the capabilities of promoting defect closure and good tight seal ability with the bursting pressure is more than 790 mm H2O in wet environment. In addition, the chitosan adhesive layer of the patch could inhibit the growth of bacterial in vitro, which is meaningful for the postoperative infection. Furthermore, the patch also significantly reduced the expression of GFAP, IBA-1, MBP, TNF-α, and COX-2 in early postoperative period in vivo study, exerting the effects of anti-inflammatory, analgesic and adhesion prevention. Thus, the bioactive patch expected to be applied in spinal dural repair with the good properties of withstanding high pressure, promoting defect closure and inhibiting postoperative infection.
Imaging Atherosclerosis
Authors: Jason M. Tarkin, Marc R. Dweck, Nicholas R. Evans, Richard A.P. Takx, Adam J. Brown, Ahmed Tawakol, Zahi A. Fayad, James H.F. Rudd
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

Advances in atherosclerosis imaging technology and research have provided a range of diagnostic tools to characterize high-risk plaque in vivo; however, these important vascular imaging methods additionally promise great scientific and translational applications beyond this quest. When combined with conventional anatomic- and hemodynamic-based assessments of disease severity, cross-sectional multimodal imaging incorporating molecular probes and other novel noninvasive techniques can add detailed interrogation of plaque composition, activity, and overall disease burden. In the catheterization laboratory, intravascular imaging provides unparalleled access to the world beneath the plaque surface, allowing tissue characterization and measurement of cap thickness with micrometer spatial resolution. Atherosclerosis imaging captures key data that reveal snapshots into underlying biology, which can test our understanding of fundamental research questions and shape our approach toward patient management. Imaging can also be used to quantify response to therapeutic interventions and ultimately help predict cardiovascular risk. Although there are undeniable barriers to clinical translation, many of these hold-ups might soon be surpassed by rapidly evolving innovations to improve image acquisition, coregistration, motion correction, and reduce radiation exposure. This article provides a comprehensive review of current and experimental atherosclerosis imaging methods and their uses in research and potential for translation to the clinic.
Intraocular implants loaded with A3R agonist rescue retinal ganglion cells from ischemic damage
Authors: Raquel Boia, Paulo A.N. Dias, Caridad Galindo-Romero, Hugo Ferreira, Inês D. Aires, Manuel Vidal-Sanz, Marta Agudo-Barriuso, Rui Bernardes, Paulo F. Santos, Hermínio C. de Sousa, António Francisco Ambrósio, Mara E.M. Braga, Ana Raquel Santiago
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2022)

Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss underlies several conditions which give rise to significant visual compromise, including glaucoma and ischaemic optic neuropathies. Neuroprotection of RGCs is a clinical well-defined unmet need in these diseases, and adenosine A3 receptor (A3R) activation emerges as a therapeutic pharmacological approach to protect RGCs. A porous biodegradable intraocular implant loaded with 2-Cl-IB-MECA (selective A3R agonist) was used as a strategy to protect RGCs. Drug-loaded PCL implants released 2-Cl-IB-MECA for an extended period and the released 2-Cl-IB-MECA limited glutamate-evoked calcium (Ca2+) rise in RGCs. Retinal thinning due to transient ischemia was not prevented by 2-Cl-IB-MECA-PCL implant. However, 2-Cl-IB-MECA-PCL implants decreased retinal cell death, promoted the survival of RGCs, preserved optic nerve structure and anterograde axonal transport. We further demonstrated that 2-Cl-IB-MECA-loaded PCL implants were able to enhance RGC function that was compromised by transient ischemia. Taking into consideration the beneficial effects afforded by 2-Cl-IB-MECA released from the PCL implant, this can be envisaged a good therapeutic strategy to protect RGCs.
Co-localization of Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) and milk proteins is associated with Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) disease activity
Authors: Rung-chi Li, Jonathan Medernach, Elaine Etter, Larry Borish, Hong-Ru Chen, Jeffrey Wilson, Barrett Barnes, Thomas Platts-Mills, Bryan Sauer
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2022)
THE USE AND ABUSE OF DIGITALIS IN DISEASES OF THE HEART
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mobility Dysfunction
Authors: Larry R. Kirkland
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Corrigendum to “GDNF-expressing macrophages restore motor functions at a severe late-stage and produce long-term neuroprotective effects at an early-stage of Parkinson's disease in transgenic Parkin Q311X(A) mice”, [J Control Release, 315 (2019) 139–149]
Authors: Yuling Zhao, Matthew J. Haney, Yeon S. Jin, Olga Uvarov, Natasha Vinod, Yueh Z. Lee, Benjamin Langworthy, Jason P. Fine, Myosotys Rodriguez, Nazira El-Hage, Alexander V. Kabanov, Elena V. Batrakova
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2022)
Tuning the size of all-HPMA polymeric micelles fabricated by solvent extraction
Authors: Yan Wang, Dominique M.E. Thies-Weesie, Esmeralda D.C. Bosman, Mies J. van Steenbergen, Joep van den Dikkenberg, Yang Shi, Twan Lammers, Cornelus F. van Nostrum, Wim E. Hennink
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2022)

The size of polymeric micelles crucially affects their tumor accumulation, penetration and antitumor efficacy. In the present study, micelles were formed based on amphiphilic poly(N-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylamide)-block-poly(N-2-benzoyloxypropyl methacrylamide) (p(HPMAm)-b-p(HPMAm-Bz)) via the solvent extraction method, and factors impacting micelle size were systematically studied, including the molecular weight of the polymers, homopolymer content, and processing methods (i.e., batch process versus continuous microfluidics). The formation of core-shell structured micelles was demonstrated by light scattering, sedimentation velocity and electron microscopy analysis. Micellar size and aggregation number increased with decreasing the molecular weight ratio of the hydrophilic/hydrophobic block. The presence of hydrophobic p(HPMAm-Bz) homopolymer and high copolymer concentration increased micelle size, while the presence of hydrophilic p(HPMAm) homopolymer did not affect micellar size. Regarding processing conditions, it was found that the use of tetrahydrofuran and acetone as solvents for the polymers resulted in larger micelles, likely due to their relatively high water-solvent interaction parameters as compared to other solvents tested, i.e., dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, and dimethyl sulfoxide. Among the latter, only dimethylformamide led to micelles with a narrow polydispersity. Addition of dimethylformamide to an aqueous solvent and faster mixing of two solvents using microfluidics favored the formation of smaller micelles. In conclusion, our results show that the size of all-HPMA polymeric micelles can be easily tailored from 40 to 120 nm by varying the formulation properties and processing parameters.
A Phase IV, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Exploratory Study of Omalizumab for Treatment of Idiopathic Angioedema in Patients Who Remain Symptomatic Despite Current Therapy
Authors: Vinay Goswamy, Kristine Lee, Elizabeth McKernan, Paul Fichtinger, Sameer Mathur, Ravi Viswanathan
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2022)
Interruption of bile acid uptake by hepatocytes after acetaminophen overdose ameliorates hepatotoxicity
Authors: Ahmed Ghallab, Reham Hassan, Ute Hofmann, Adrian Friebel, Zaynab Hobloss, Lisa Brackhagen, Brigitte Begher-Tibbe, Maiju Myllys, Joerg Reinders, Nina Overbeck, Selahaddin Sezgin, Sebastian Zühlke, Abdel-latif Seddek, Walaa Murad, Tim Brecklinghaus, Franziska Kappenberg, Jörg Rahnenführer, Daniela González, Christopher Goldring, Ian M. Copple, Rosemarie Marchan, Thomas Longerich, Mihael Vucur, Tom Luedde, Stephan Urban, Ali Canbay, Thomas Schreiter, Michael Trauner, Jephte Y. Akakpo, Mojtaba Olyaee, Steven C. Curry, Jan-Peter Sowa, Hartmut Jaeschke, Stefan Hoehme, Jan G. Hengstler
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2022)

Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose remains a frequent cause of acute liver failure, which is generally accompanied by increased levels of serum bile acids (BAs). However, the pathophysiological role of BAs remains elusive. Herein, we investigated the role of BAs in APAP-induced hepatotoxicity.We performed intravital imaging to investigate BA transport in mice, quantified endogenous BA concentrations in the serum of mice and patients with APAP overdose, analyzed liver tissue and bile by mass spectrometry and MALDI-mass spectrometry imaging, assessed the integrity of the blood-bile barrier and the role of oxidative stress by immunostaining of tight junction proteins and intravital imaging of fluorescent markers, identified the intracellular cytotoxic concentrations of BAs, and performed interventions to block BA uptake from blood into hepatocytes.Prior to the onset of cell death, APAP overdose causes massive oxidative stress in the pericentral lobular zone, which coincided with a breach of the blood-bile barrier. Consequently, BAs leak from the bile canaliculi into the sinusoidal blood, which is then followed by their uptake into hepatocytes via the basolateral membrane, their secretion into canaliculi and repeated cycling. This, what we termed 'futile cycling' of BAs, led to increased intracellular BA concentrations that were high enough to cause hepatocyte death. Importantly, however, the interruption of BA re-uptake by pharmacological NTCP blockage using Myrcludex B and Oatp knockout strongly reduced APAP-induced hepatotoxicity.APAP overdose induces a breach of the blood-bile barrier which leads to futile BA cycling that causes hepatocyte death. Prevention of BA cycling may represent a therapeutic option after APAP intoxication.Only one drug, N-acetylcysteine, is approved for the treatment of acetaminophen overdose and it is only effective when given within ∼8 hours after ingestion. We identified a mechanism by which acetaminophen overdose causes an increase in bile acid concentrations (to above toxic thresholds) in hepatocytes. Blocking this mechanism prevented acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice and evidence from patients suggests that this therapy may be effective for longer periods after ingestion compared to N-acetylcysteine.
Trajectories of Insomnia in Adults After Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Emerson M. Wickwire, Jennifer S. Albrecht, Vincent F. Capaldi, Sonia O. Jain, Raquel C. Gardner, J. Kent Werner, Pratik Mukherjee, Ashlee B. McKeon, Michael T. Smith, Joseph T. Giacino, Lindsay D. Nelson, Scott G. Williams, Jacob Collen, Xiaoying Sun, David M. Schnyer, Amy J. Markowitz, Geoffrey T. Manley, Andrew D. Krystal, Ramon Diaz-Arrastia, Neeraj Badjatia, Ann-Christine Duhaime, Shankar Gopinath, Rao Gullapalli, C. Dirk Keene, Frederick Korley, Laura Ngwenya, Michael McCrea, Randall Merchant, David Okonkwo, Claudia Robertson, Sabrina Taylor, David Schnyer, Nancy Temkin, John Yue, Esther Yuh, Ross Zafonte
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Insomnia is common after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and contributes to morbidity and long-term sequelae.To identify unique trajectories of insomnia in the 12 months after TBI.In this prospective cohort study, latent class mixed models (LCMMs) were used to model insomnia trajectories over time and to classify participants into distinct profile groups. Data from the Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) study, a longitudinal, multisite, observational study, were uploaded to the Federal Interagency Traumatic Brain Injury Repository (FITBIR) database. Participants were enrolled at 1 of 18 participating level I trauma centers and enrolled within 24 hours of TBI injury. Additional data were obtained directly from the TRACK-TBI investigators that will be uploaded to FITBIR in the future. Data were collected from February 26, 2014, to August 8, 2018, and analyzed from July 1, 2020, to November 15, 2021.Traumatic brain injury.Insomnia Severity Index assessed serially at 2 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months thereafter.The final sample included 2022 participants (1377 [68.1%] men; mean [SD] age, 40.1 [17.2] years) from the FITBIR database and the TRACK-TBI study. The data were best fit by a 5-class LCMM. Of these participants, 1245 (61.6%) reported persistent mild insomnia symptoms (class 1); 627 (31.0%) initially reported mild insomnia symptoms that resolved over time (class 2); 91 (4.5%) reported persistent severe insomnia symptoms (class 3); 44 (2.2%) initially reported severe insomnia symptoms that resolved by 12 months (class 4); and 15 (0.7%) initially reported no insomnia symptoms but had severe symptoms by 12 months (class 5). In a multinomial logistic regression model, several factors significantly associated with insomnia trajectory class membership were identified, including female sex (odds ratio [OR], 1.65 [95% CI, 1.02-2.66]), Black race (OR, 2.36 [95% CI, 1.39-4.01]), history of psychiatric illness (OR, 2.21 [95% CI, 1.35-3.60]), and findings consistent with intracranial injury on computed tomography (OR, 0.36 [95% CI, 0.20-0.65]) when comparing class 3 with class 1.These results suggest important heterogeneity in the course of insomnia after TBI in adults. More work is needed to identify outcomes associated with these insomnia trajectory class subgroups and to identify optimal subgroup-specific treatment approaches.
Reasons for Suicide During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan
Authors: Masahide Koda, Nahoko Harada, Akifumi Eguchi, Shuhei Nomura, Yasushi Ishida
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Although the suicide rate in Japan increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, the reasons for suicide have yet to be comprehensively investigated.To assess which reasons for suicide had rates that exceeded the expected number of suicide deaths for that reason during the COVID-19 pandemic.This national, population-based cross-sectional study of data on suicides gathered by the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare from January 2020 to May 2021 used a times-series analysis on the numbers of reason-identified suicides. Data of decedents were recorded by the National Police Agency and compiled by the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare.For category analysis, we compared data from January 2020 to May 2021 with data from December 2014 to June 2020. For subcategory analysis, data from January 2020 to May 2021 were compared with data from January 2019 to June 2020.The main outcome was the monthly excess suicide rate, ie, the difference between the observed number of monthly suicide deaths and the upper bound of the 1-sided 95% CI for the expected number of suicide deaths in that month. Reasons for suicide were categorized into family, health, economy, work, relationships, school, and others, which were further divided into 52 subcategories. A quasi-Poisson regression model was used to estimate the expected number of monthly suicides. Individual regression models were used for each of the 7 categories, 52 subcategories, men, women, and both genders.From the 29 938 suicides (9984 [33.3%] women; 1093 [3.7%] aged <20 years; 3147 [10.5%] aged >80 years), there were 21 027 reason-identified suicides (7415 [35.3%] women). For both genders, all categories indicated monthly excess suicide rates, except for school in men. October 2020 had the highest excess suicide rates for all cases (observed, 1577; upper bound of 95% CI for expected number of suicides, 1254; 25.8% greater). In men, the highest monthly excess suicide rate was 24.3% for the other category in August 2020 (observed, 87; upper bound of 95% CI for expected number, 70); in women, it was 85.7% for school in August 2020 (observed, 26; upper bound of 95% CI for expected number, 14).In this study, observed suicides corresponding to all 7 categories of reasons exceeded the monthly estimates (based on data from before or during the COVID-19 pandemic), except for school-related reasons in men. This study can be used as a basis for developing intervention programs for suicide prevention.
Dupilumab leads to reduction of anosmia in patients with severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Andrew Lane, Joaquim Mullol, Claire Hopkins, Wytske Fokkens, Stella Lee, Asif Khan, Jérôme Msihid, Scott Nash, Shahid Siddiqui, Urvi Mujumdar, Siddhesh Kamat, Paul Rowe, Yamo Deniz, Juby Jacob-Nara
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2022)
Public health and international drug policy
Authors: Joanne Csete, Adeeba Kamarulzaman, Michel Kazatchkine, Frederick Altice, Marek Balicki, Julia Buxton, Javier Cepeda, Megan Comfort, Eric Goosby, João Goulão, Carl Hart, Thomas Kerr, Alejandro Madrazo Lajous, Stephen Lewis, Natasha Martin, Daniel Mejía, Adriana Camacho, David Mathieson, Isidore Obot, Adeolu Ogunrombi, Susan Sherman, Jack Stone, Nandini Vallath, Peter Vickerman, Tomáš Zábranský, Chris Beyrer
Journal: The Lancet (2016)
A Peroxide-Responding sRNA Evolved from a Peroxidase mRNA
Authors: Madeline C Krieger, H Auguste Dutcher, Andrew J Ashford, Rahul Raghavan
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2022)

Small RNAs (sRNAs) are important gene regulators in bacteria, but it is unclear how new sRNAs originate and become part of regulatory networks that coordinate bacterial response to environmental stimuli. Using a covariance modeling-based approach, we analyzed the presence of hundreds of sRNAs in more than a thousand genomes across Enterobacterales, a bacterial order with a confluence of factors that allows robust genome-scale sRNA analyses: several well-studied organisms with fairly conserved genome structures, an established phylogeny, and substantial nucleotide diversity within a narrow evolutionary space. We discovered that a majority of sRNAs arose recently, and uncovered protein-coding genes as a potential source from which new sRNAs arise. A detailed investigation of the emergence of OxyS, a peroxide-responding sRNA, revealed that it evolved from a fragment of a peroxidase messenger RNA. Importantly, although it replaced the ancestral peroxidase, OxyS continues to be part of the ancestral peroxide-response regulon, indicating that an sRNA that arises from a protein-coding gene would inherently be part of the parental protein's regulatory network. This new insight provides a fresh framework for understanding sRNA origin and regulatory integration in bacteria.
The Importance of Using the Appropriate Model for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses—Reply
Authors: Kevin O’Fee, Oriana Ciani, David L. Brown
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal