tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical effectiveness of one ultrasound guided intra-articular corticosteroid and local anaesthetic injection in addition to advice and education for hip osteoarthritis (HIT trial): single blind, parallel group, three arm, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Zoe Paskins, Kieran Bromley, Martyn Lewis, Gemma Hughes, Emily Hughes, Susie Hennings, Andrea Cherrington, Alison Hall, Melanie A Holden, Kay Stevenson, Ajit Menon, Philip Roberts, George Peat, Clare Jinks, Jesse Kigozi, Raymond Oppong, Nadine E Foster, Christian D Mallen, Edward Roddy
Journal: BMJ (2022)

To compare the clinical effectiveness of adding a single ultrasound guided intra-articular hip injection of corticosteroid and local anaesthetic to advice and education in adults with hip osteoarthritis.Pragmatic, three arm, parallel group, single blind, randomised controlled trial.Two community musculoskeletal services in England.199 adults aged ≥40 years with hip osteoarthritis and at least moderate pain: 67 were randomly assigned to receive advice and education (best current treatment (BCT)), 66 to BCT plus ultrasound guided injection of triamcinolone and lidocaine, and 66 to BCT plus ultrasound guided injection of lidocaine.BCT alone, BCT plus ultrasound guided intra-articular hip injection of 40 mg triamcinolone acetonide and 4 mL 1% lidocaine hydrochloride, or BCT plus ultrasound guided intra-articular hip injection of 5 mL 1% lidocaine. Participants in the ultrasound guided arms were masked to the injection they received.The primary outcome was self-reported current intensity of hip pain (0-10 Numerical Rating Scale) over six months. Outcomes were self-reported at two weeks and at two, four, and six months.Mean age of the study sample was 62.8 years (standard deviation 10.0) and 113 (57%) were women. Average weighted follow-up rate across time points was 93%. Greater mean improvement in hip pain intensity over six months was reported with BCT plus ultrasound-triamcinolone-lidocaine compared with BCT: mean difference -1.43 (95% confidence interval -2.15 to -0.72), P<0.001; standardised mean difference -0.55 (-0.82 to -0.27). No difference in hip pain intensity over six months was reported between BCT plus ultrasound-triamcinolone-lidocaine compared with BCT plus ultrasound-lidocaine (-0.52 (-1.21 to 0.18)). The presence of ultrasound confirmed synovitis or effusion was associated with a significant interaction effect favouring BCT plus ultrasound-triamcinolone-lidocaine (-1.70 (-3.10 to -0.30)). One participant in the BCT plus ultrasound-triamcinolone-lidocaine group with a bioprosthetic aortic valve died from subacute bacterial endocarditis four months after the intervention, deemed possibly related to the trial treatment.Ultrasound guided intra-articular hip injection of triamcinolone is a treatment option to add to BCT for people with hip osteoarthritis.EudraCT 2014-003412-37; ISRCTN50550256.
Digital Intervention for Cognitive Deficits in Major Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess Efficacy and Safety in Adults
Authors: Richard S.E. Keefe, Elena Cañadas, Deborah Farlow, Amit Etkin
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2022)

The authors evaluated AKL-T03, an investigational digital intervention delivered through a video game-based interface, designed to target the fronto-parietal network to enhance functional domains for attentional control. AKL-T03 was tested in adult patients with major depressive disorder and a demonstrated cognitive impairment at baseline.Adults ages 25-55 years on a stable antidepressant medication regimen with residual mild to moderate depression and an objective impairment in cognition (as measured using the symbol coding test) were enrolled in a double-blind randomized controlled study. Participants were randomized either to AKL-T03 or to an expectation-matched digital control intervention. Participants were assessed at baseline and after completion of their 6-week at-home intervention. The primary outcome measure was improvement in sustained attention, as measured by the Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA).AKL-T03 (N=37) showed a statistically significant medium-effect-size improvement in sustained attention compared with the control intervention on the TOVA primary outcome (N=37) (partial eta-squared=0.11). Additionally, a composite score derived from all cognitive measures demonstrated significant improvement with AKL-T03 over the control intervention. Individual secondary and exploratory endpoints did not demonstrate statistically significant between-group differences. No serious adverse events were reported, and two patients (5.5%) in the AKL-T03 group reported an intervention-related adverse event (headache).Treatment with AKL-T03 resulted in significant improvement in sustained attention, as well as in cognitive functioning as a whole, compared with a control intervention. AKL-T03 is a safe digital intervention that is effective in the treatment of cognitive impairment associated with major depression. Further research will be needed to understand the clinical consequences of this treatment-induced change.
Endoscopic, histologic, and electron microscopic description of novel small vesicles with gastric heterotopia, intestinal metaplasia, and/or submucosal glands at the gastroesophageal junction
Authors: Klaus Mönkemüller, Álvaro Martínez-Alcalá, Claudia Unnewehr-Linares, Lucía C. Fry
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

The gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) is an ill-defined, physiologically and pathologically highly active transition zone connecting the esophagus to the stomach [1] [2]. Although several endoscopic and histologic aspects such as the Z-line, cardia, tongues, and/or tiny islands of cylindrical epithelial cells have been well described [2] [3], we have often observed the presence of small yellow vesicles or cysts above the Z-line in some patients. These lesions have not been described in the literature.
Factors associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) deterioration in glioma patients during the progression-free survival period
Authors: Marijke B Coomans, Linda Dirven, Neil Aaronson, Brigitta G Baumert, Martin van den Bent, Andrew Bottomley, Alba A Brandes, Olivier Chinot, Corneel Coens, Thierry Gorlia, Ulrich Herrlinger, Florence Keime-Guibert, Annika Malmström, Francesca Martinelli, Roger Stupp, Andrea Talacchi, Michael Weller, Wolfgang Wick, Jaap C Reijneveld, Martin J B Taphoorn
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2022)

Abstract Background Maintenance of functioning and well-being during the progression-free survival (PFS) period is important for glioma patients. This study aimed to determine whether health-related quality of life (HRQoL) can be maintained during progression-free time, and factors associated with HRQoL deterioration in this period. Methods We included longitudinal HRQoL data from previously published clinical trials in glioma. The percentage of patients with stable HRQoL until progression was determined per scale and at the individual patient level (i.e. considering all scales simultaneously). We assessed time to a clinically relevant deterioration in HRQoL, expressed in deterioration-free survival and time-to-deterioration (the first including progression as an event). We also determined the association between sociodemographic and clinical factors and HRQoL deterioration in the progression-free period. Results Five thousand five hundred and thirty-nine patients with at least baseline HRQoL scores had a median time from randomization to progression of 7.6 months. Between 9–29% of the patients deteriorated before disease progression on the evaluated HRQoL scales. When considering all scales simultaneously, 47% of patients deteriorated on ≥1 scale. Median deterioration-free survival period ranged between 3.8–5.4 months, and median time-to-deterioration between 8.2–11.9 months. For most scales, only poor performance status was independently associated with clinically relevant HRQoL deterioration in the progression-free period. Conclusions HRQoL was maintained in only 53% of patients in their progression-free period, and treatment was not independently associated with this deterioration in HRQoL. Routine monitoring of the patients’ functioning and well-being during the entire disease course is therefore important, so that interventions can be initiated when problems are signaled.
SARS-CoV2 antibody response after a third dose of heterologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and Moderna vaccine in chronic dialysis patients
Authors: Chung-Yi Cheng, Shih-Hsin Hsiao, Te-Chao Fang, Yen-Chung Lin, Jude Chu-Chun Wang, Ching-Sheng Hung, Tso-Hsiao Chen, Yuh-Mou Sue
Journal: Journal of Infection (2022)
Sequential gastrodin release PU/n-HA composite scaffolds reprogram macrophages for improved osteogenesis and angiogenesis
Authors: Limei Li, Qing Li, Li Gui, Yi Deng, Lu Wang, Jianlin Jiao, Yingrui Hu, Xiaoqian Lan, Jianhong Hou, Yao Li, Di Lu
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2022)

Wound healing is a highly orchestrated process involving a variety of cells, including immune cells. Developing immunomodulatory biomaterials for regenerative engineering applications, such as bone regeneration, is an appealing strategy. Herein, inspired by the immunomodulatory effects of gastrodin (a bioactive component in traditional Chinese herbal medicine), a series of new immunomodulatory gastrodin-comprising biodegradable polyurethane (gastrodin-PU) and nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) (gastrodin-PU/n-HA) composites were developed. RAW 264.7 macrophages, rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs), and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured with gastrodin-PU/n-HA containing different concentrations of gastrodin (0.5%, 1%, and 2%) to decipher their immunomodulatory effects on osteogenesis and angiogenesis in vitro. Results demonstrated that, compared with PU/n-HA, gastrodin-PU/n-HA induced macrophage polarization toward the M2 phenotype, as evidenced by the higher expression level of pro-regenerative cytokines (CD206, Arg-1) and the lower expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (iNOS). The expression levels of osteogenesis-related factors (BMP-2 and ALP) in the rBMSCs and angiogenesis-related factors (VEGF and BFGF) in the HUVECs were significantly up-regulated in gastrodin-PU/n-HA/macrophage-conditioned medium. The immunomodulatory effects of gastrodin-PU/n-HA to reprogram macrophages from a pro-inflammatory (M1) phenotype to an anti-inflammatory and pro-healing (M2) phenotype were validated in a rat subcutaneous implantation model. And the 2% gastrodin-PU/n-HA significantly decreased fibrous capsule formation and enhanced angiogenesis. Additionally, 2% gastrodin-PU/n-HA scaffolds implanted in the rat femoral condyle defect model showed accelerated osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Thus, the novel gastrodin-PU/n-HA scaffold may represent a new and promising immunomodulatory biomaterial for bone repair and regeneration.
Supporting Diagnosis With Next-Generation Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Cedric Bousquet, Adrien Coulet
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Selinexor in Advanced, Metastatic Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma: A Multinational, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Mrinal M. Gounder, Albiruni Abdul Razak, Neeta Somaiah, Sant Chawla, Javier Martin-Broto, Giovanni Grignani, Scott M. Schuetze, Bruno Vincenzi, Andrew J. Wagner, Bartosz Chmielowski, Robin L. Jones, Richard F. Riedel, Silvia Stacchiotti, Elizabeth T. Loggers, Kristen N. Ganjoo, Axel Le Cesne, Antoine Italiano, Xavier Garcia del Muro, Melissa Burgess, Sophie Piperno-Neumann, Christopher Ryan, Mary F. Mulcahy, Charles Forscher, Nicolas Penel, Scott Okuno, Anthony Elias, Lee Hartner, Tony Philip, Thierry Alcindor, Bernd Kasper, Peter Reichardt, Lore Lapeire, Jean-Yves Blay, Christine Chevreau, Claudia Maria Valverde Morales, Gary K. Schwartz, James L. Chen, Hari Deshpande, Elizabeth J. Davis, Garth Nicholas, Stefan Gröschel, Helen Hatcher, Florence Duffaud, Antonio Casado Herráez, Roberto Diaz Beveridge, Giuseppe Badalamenti, Mikael Eriksson, Christian Meyer, Margaret von Mehren, Brian A. Van Tine, Katharina Götze, Filomena Mazzeo, Alexander Yakobson, Aviad Zick, Alexander Lee, Anna Estival Gonzalez, Andrea Napolitano, Mark A. Dickson, Dayana Michel, Changting Meng, Lingling Li, Jianjun Liu, Osnat Ben-Shahar, Dane R. Van Domelen, Christopher J. Walker, Hua Chang, Yosef Landesman, Jatin J. Shah, Sharon Shacham, Michael G. Kauffman, Steven Attia
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

Antitumor activity in preclinical models and a phase I study of patients with dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DD-LPS) was observed with selinexor. We evaluated the clinical benefit of selinexor in patients with previously treated DD-LPS whose sarcoma progressed on approved agents.
Cancer germline antigens and tumor-agnostic CD8+ T cell evasion
Authors: Dian Kortleve, Rui M.L. Coelho, Dora Hammerl, Reno Debets
Journal: Trends in Immunology (2022)

Cancer germline antigens (CGAs) are expressed in immune-privileged germline tissues, while epigenetically silenced in somatic tissues. CGAs become re-expressed in tumors and can promote oncogenesis. Tumors prominently exploit mechanisms similar to those in germline tissues to shield from immunosurveillance. We hypothesize that CGAs contribute towards tumor escape from immune effector CD8+ T cells. For illustrative purposes, we assessed the co-presence or -absence of CGAs with these cells in multiple tumor types. Considering a broad array of CD8+ T cell evasive mechanisms, we exemplify the co-occurrence of gene transcripts of eight CGAs with those of adhesion molecules, endothelial cells, and/or the Wnt pathway. We present a novel concept of CGAs and their association with CD8+ T cell evasion, which may be relevant for future immunotherapeutic interventions.
Photoacoustic Tomography Detects Response and Resistance to Bevacizumab in Breast Cancer Mouse Models
Authors: Isabel Quiros-Gonzalez, Michal R. Tomaszewski, Monika A. Golinska, Emma Brown, Laura Ansel-Bollepalli, Lina Hacker, Dominique-Laurent Couturier, Rosa M. Sainz, Sarah E. Bohndiek
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

Angiogenesis is an established prognostic factor in advanced breast cancer, yet response to antiangiogenic therapies in this disease remains highly variable. Noninvasive imaging biomarkers could help identify patients that will benefit from antiangiogenic therapy and provide an ideal tool for longitudinal monitoring, enabling dosing regimens to be altered with real-time feedback. Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) is an emerging imaging modality that provides a direct readout of tumor hemoglobin concentration and oxygenation. We hypothesized that PAT could be used in the longitudinal setting to provide an early indication of response or resistance to antiangiogenic therapy. To test this hypothesis, PAT was performed over time in estrogen receptor-positive and estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer xenograft mouse models undergoing treatment with the antiangiogenic bevacizumab as a single agent. The cohort of treated tumors, which were mostly resistant to the treatment, contained a subset that demonstrated a clear survival benefit. At endpoint, the PAT data from the responding subset showed significantly lower oxygenation and higher hemoglobin content compared with both resistant and control tumors. Longitudinal analysis revealed that tumor oxygenation diverged significantly in the responding subset, identifying early treatment response and the evolution of different vascular phenotypes between the subsets. Responding tumors were characterized by a more angiogenic phenotype when analyzed with IHC, displaying higher vessel density, yet poorer vascular maturity and elevated hypoxia. Taken together, our findings indicate that PAT shows promise in providing an early indication of response or resistance to antiangiogenic therapy.
TCTAP A-024 Hemodynamic Analysis of New Version Mirage Bioresorbable Scaffold and Metallic Ultimaster Stent: A New Era Begins With Shear Stress Analysis in Stent Assessment
Authors: Erhan Tenekecioglu, Ryo Torii, Solomon Su, Yoshinobu Onuma, Christos V. Bourantas, Patrick W. Serruys
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Bevacizumab Plus Atezolizumab After Progression on Atezolizumab Monotherapy in Pretreated Patients With NSCLC: An Open-Label, Two-Stage, Phase 2 Trial
Authors: Jiyun Lee, Jiae Koh, Hee Kyung Kim, Sungsoo Hong, Kyunga Kim, Sehhoon Park, Hyun Ae Jung, Jong-Mu Sun, Se-Hoon Lee, Jin Seok Ahn, Keunchil Park, Myung-Ju Ahn
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2022)
We need more support and less normalcy to stop airborne viruses
Authors: Abraar Karan
Journal: BMJ (2022)

We need more support and less normalcy to stop airborne viruses Governments should be investing in a thorough redesign of how our air is filtered in public spaces, says Abraar Karan Abraar Karan infectious disease doctorA recent poll by the Kaiser Family Foundation (KFF) assessing public opinion on the covid-19 pandemic after two years found that unvaccinated adults, Republicans, and white adults were most likely to say they never changed the level of activities they engaged in during the pandemic or had returned back to normal. 1 Nearly half of those with household incomes greater than $90 000 said the same.In contrast, black adults, those with chronic conditions, and those living in households with incomes less than $40 000 were the most likely to say they were doing very few of the activities they did before the pandemic had started.
SARS-CoV-2 BA.1 variant is neutralized by vaccine booster–elicited serum but evades most convalescent serum and therapeutic antibodies
Authors: Sabrina Lusvarghi, Simon D. Pollett, Sabari Nath Neerukonda, Wei Wang, Richard Wang, Russell Vassell, Nusrat J. Epsi, Anthony C. Fries, Brian K. Agan, David A. Lindholm, Christopher J. Colombo, Rupal Mody, Evan C. Ewers, Tahaniyat Lalani, Anuradha Ganesan, Emilie Goguet, Monique Hollis-Perry, Si’Ana A. Coggins, Mark P. Simons, Leah C. Katzelnick, Gregory Wang, David R. Tribble, Lisa Bentley, Ann E. Eakin, Christopher C. Broder, Karl J. Erlandson, Eric D. Laing, Timothy H. Burgess, Edward Mitre, Carol D. Weiss
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2022)

The rapid spread of the highly contagious Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) along with its high number of mutations in the spike gene has raised alarms about the effectiveness of current medical countermeasures. To address this concern, we measured the neutralization of the Omicron BA.1 variant pseudovirus by postvaccination serum samples after two and three immunizations with the Pfizer/BioNTech162b2 SARS-CoV-2 mRNA (Pfizer/BNT162b2) vaccine, convalescent serum samples from unvaccinated individuals infected by different variants, and clinical-stage therapeutic antibodies. We found that titers against the Omicron variant were low or undetectable after two immunizations and in many convalescent serum samples, regardless of the infecting variant. A booster vaccination increased titers more than 30-fold against Omicron to values comparable to those seen against the D614G variant after two immunizations. Neither age nor sex was associated with the differences in postvaccination antibody responses. We also evaluated 18 clinical-stage therapeutic antibody products and an antibody mimetic protein product obtained directly from the manufacturers. Five monoclonal antibodies, the antibody mimetic protein, three antibody cocktails, and two polyclonal antibody preparations retained measurable neutralization activity against Omicron with a varying degree of potency. Of these, only three retained potencies comparable to the D614G variant. Two therapeutic antibody cocktails in the tested panel that are authorized for emergency use in the United States did not neutralize Omicron. These findings underscore the potential benefit of mRNA vaccine boosters for protection against Omicron and the need for rapid development of antibody therapeutics that maintain potency against emerging variants.
The use of oncolytic virotherapy in the neoadjuvant setting
Authors: Raquela J Thomas, Eric Bartee
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2022)

Surgical removal of tumors remains a front-line therapy for many types of cancer. However, this treatment often fails to eradicate disease due to either recurrence of the original tumor or development of distant micrometastases. To address these challenges, patients are often given non-curative treatments presurgery with the intent of improving surgical outcomes. These treatments, collectively known as neoadjuvant therapies, have traditionally focused on the presurgical use of chemotherapeutics. Recently, however, a variety of immunotherapies have also been identified as potentially effective in the neoadjuvant setting. One of these immunotherapies is oncolytic virotherapy, whose clinical use has exploded with the Food and Drug Administration approval of Talimogene Laherparepvec. This review summarizes both the preclinical and clinical literature examining the use of oncolytic virotherapy in the neoadjuvant setting for different types of cancers and discusses some of the major questions that still need to be addressed in order for this unique use of immunotherapy to become clinically viable.
Prognostic value of maximum NEWS-2 scores in addition to ISARIC 4C scores for patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19
Authors: Syed Akbar, Daniel Pan, Abdlrzag Ehdode, Reezwan Islam, Abdulrahman Abouzaid, Kumaran Balasundaram, Mohannad Shihadeh, Krish Patel, Gehad Othman, Onyeka Umerah, Shirley Sze, Daniela C Nicoara, Gerrit Woltmann, Julian W Tang
Journal: Journal of Infection (2022)
Kidney function in tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-based oral pre-exposure prophylaxis users: a systematic review and meta-analysis of published literature and a multi-country meta-analysis of individual participant data
Authors: Robin Schaefer, Pedro Henrique Amparo da Costa Leite, Ronaldo Silva, Quarraisha Abdool Karim, Christopher Akolo, Carlos F Cáceres, Inês Dourado, Kimberly Green, Anita Hettema, Elske Hoornenborg, Smarajit Jana, Bernhard Kerschberger, Hally Mahler, Sindy Matse, Hamish McManus, Jean-Michel Molina, Sushena Reza-Paul, Iskandar Azwa, Maryam Shahmanesh, Doug Taylor, Hamid Vega-Ramirez, Valdiléa G Veloso, Rachel Baggaley, Shona Dalal
Journal: The Lancet HIV (2022)
Trends in National Institutes of Health R01 Funding of Principal Investigators in Cardiology by Gender
Authors: Izza Shahid, Muhammad Shahzeb Khan, Tariq Jamal Siddiqi, Muhammad Sameer Arshad, Arisha Saleem, Harriette G.C. Van Spall, Nosheen Reza, Stephen J. Greene, Erin D. Michos
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
TCTAP A-083 Quantitative Angiographic Assessment of Aortic Regurgitation Post 11 Different Types of TAVR Devices (A MulticentER Pooled Analysis of 2665 Valves)
Authors: Mahmoud Abdelshafy, Osama Soliman, Won-Keun Kim, Ahmed Elkoumy, Hesham Elzomor, Yoshinobu Onuma, Patrick W. Serruys
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)