tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1734: MEK1/2 inhibitors AS703026 and AZD6244 may be potential therapies for <i>KRAS</i> mutated colorectal cancer that is resistant to EGFR monoclonal antibody therapy
Authors: Juyong Yoon, Kyoung-Hwa Koo, Kang-Yell Choi
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract EGFR monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are used widely to treat metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients, but it is now clear that patients harboring K-ras mutation are resistant to EGFR mAbs such as cetuximab (Erbitux) and panitumumab (Vectibix). For this reason, current recommendations for patient care involve diagnosing the K-ras mutational status of patients prior to EGFR mAb therapy. In this study, we investigated the ability of two MEK inhibitors currently in clinical trials, AS703026 and AZD6244, to address the challenge posed by the resistance of K-ras mutated colorectal cancers to EGFR mAb. AS703026 and AZD6244 were tested in various cell-based assays and tumor xenograft studies, focusing on isogenic human colorectal tumor cell lines that expressed only WT or mutant K-Ras (D-WT or D-MUT). The EGFR mAb cetuximab inhibited the Ras-ERK pathway and proliferation of D-WT cells in vitro and in vivo, but it did not inhibit proliferation of D-MUT cells in either setting. In contrast, AS703026 and AZD6244 effectively inhibited the growth of D-MUT cells in vitro and in vivo by specific inhibition of the key MEK downstream target kinase ERK. Inhibition of MEK by AS703026 or AZD6244 also suppressed cetuximab-resistant colorectal cancer cells attributed to K-ras mutation both in vitro and in vivo. Our findings offer proof-of-concept for the use of MEK inhibitors as an effective therapy in K-ras mutated CRC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1734. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1734
The Relationship between Selected Causes of Postneonatal Infant Mortality and Particulate Air Pollution in the United States
Authors: Tracey J. Woodruff, Jeanne Grillo, Kenneth C. Schoendorf
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Recent studies have found associations between particulate air pollution and total and adult mortality. The relationship between particulate air pollution and mortality among infants has not been examined in the United States. This study evaluates the relationship between postneonatal infant mortality and particulate matter in the United States. Our study involved analysis of cohorts consisting of approximately 4 million infants born between 1989 and 1991 in states that report relevant covariates; this included 86 metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) in the United States. Data from the National Center for Health Statistics-linked birth/infant death records were combined at the MSA level with measurements of particulate matter 10 microns or less (PM10) from the EPA's Aerometric Database. Infants were categorized as having high, medium, or low exposures based on tertiles of PM10. Total and cause-specific postneonatal mortality rates were examined using logistic regression to control for demographic and environmental factors. Overall postneonatal mortality rates were 3.1 among infants with low PM10 exposures, 3.5 among infants with medium PM10 exposures, and 3.7 among highly exposed infants. After adjustment for other covariates, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for total postneonatal mortality for the high exposure versus the low exposure group was 1.10 (1.04, 1.16). In normal birth weight infants, high PM10 exposure was associated with respiratory causes [OR = 1.40, (1.05, 1.85)] and sudden infant death syndrome [OR = 1.26, (1.14, 1.39)]. For low birth weight babies, high PM10 exposure was associated, but not significantly, with mortality from respiratory causes [OR = 1.18, (0.86, 1.61)]. This study suggests that particulate matter is associated with risk of postneonatal mortality. Continued attention should be paid to air quality to ensure optimal health of infants in the United States.
Correction: <i>Bintrafusp alfa, a bifunctional fusion protein targeting TGF-β and PD-L1, in advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: results from a phase I cohort</i>
Authors: Peixin Chen, Chenglong Sun, Chunyan Wu, Yayi He
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2020)

Correction: Bintrafusp alfa, a bifunctional fusion protein targeting
Should insurance cover routine immunizations?
Authors: A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1991)

ONE of the key recommendations of the National Vaccine Advisory Committee—for what it terms the nation's ailing immunization system—calls for medical insurance companies to cover routine childhood vaccinations. If compliance is not voluntary, the committee says, it should be mandated by legislation. The federal advisory committee's recommendations were made in response to the recent measles epidemic (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;265:2163) and because evidence suggests that an increasing number of children who have medical insurance are being referred to already overtaxed public clinics for vaccinations. As a result, an alarming number of children, with and without insurance coverage, are failing to get vaccinations on schedule, the panel concludes. As serious as the measles situation is, it is only a "warning flag" of a potentially far greater problem, the advisory committee predicts: "The increase in measles cases is likely to be followed by outbreaks of other vaccine-preventable diseases." As one of the most contagious
Long-term survival in small cell carcinoma of the lung
Authors: M. Hansen
Journal: JAMA (1980)

From June 1973 to August 1977, three hundred thirty-seven patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung were included in randomized therapeutic trials. By February 1979, fifty-one patients (15%) had survived for 18 months, including 29 (9%) in clinical complete remission. Of the latter patients, readmitted for restaging, including bone marrow examination, peritoneoscopy, and bronchomediastinoscopy, residual tumor was found in four. Treatment was discontinued in the remaining patients; six subsequently had relapses, while three patients died, free of disease, of other causes. Sixteen patients are still alive and free of disease more than 19 to 50 months after the primary diagnosis; seven were treated with combination chemotherapy alone, including four who initially had distant metastatic disease. The remaining nine patients had regional disease and were treated with both chemotherapy and radiotherapy, including prophylactic brain irradiation in four patients. Long-term survival can be achieved in a small number of patients in all stages of small cell carcinoma with intensive combination chemotherapy. (<i>JAMA</i>244:247-250, 1980)
Cervical radiography
Authors: M Bernardotto, M Butt
Journal: BMJ (2009)

A 46 year old white man presented to the accident and emergency department following a traffic accident. He was sitting in the passenger seat of the car and was thrown out of the vehicle upon impact. The car was travelling at 60 mph. On arrival he was conscious and initial assessment revealed only superficial lacerations on his torso and limbs. Spinal assessment showed no para-spinal muscle spasm and no localised bony or soft tissue tenderness. Standard radiographs of the pelvis, chest, and abdomen revealed no injury. His cervical radiograph (fig 1⇓), however, caught the attention of the attending trauma team. No focal neurological deficit was present in the patient. ### Short answers
THE PARASYPHILITIC NEUROSES.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pulmonary residuum 14 months after skin rash and pneumonia
Authors: L. Sherkow
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>History</h3> This was the second hospital admission of a 13-year-old girl who had abdominal pain, diarrhea, and fever. The complete blood cell count was normal. A diagnosis of gastroenteritis was made, and she responded promptly to treatment. Her first hospitalization 14 months earlier was for an acute illness characterized by fever, rash, and left flank pain. The rash was initially maculopapular, appearing over the torso. It progressed to diffuse involvement, with a hive-like edematous appearance noted about the ankles. Severe pruritus was present. The ESR was elevated, and she had mild eosinophilia. Figure 1 is a chest film obtained at the time of the first hospital admission. Figure 2 is the upper section of a plain film of the abdomen from the second admission. <h3>Diagnosis</h3> Nodular residuum from atypical measles pneumonia. <h3>Comment</h3> Figure 1 reveals left basal pneumonia, pleural effusion, and hilar adenopathy. Figure 2 shows a round nodule in
Hospital Admission Through the Emergency Department
Authors: S. S. Tachakra
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We were intrigued by the Editorial<sup>1</sup>on hospital admissions through the emergency department (ED). In it, Olson quoted the findings of Stern et al<sup>2</sup>that, even with adjustments for diagnosis related groups, severity of illness, age, and income, patients admitted through the ED incurred 13% higher hospital charges, and hospital stays were 27% longer than for patients admitted through other routes. Because National Health Service hospitals do not have the ability to put a price on each hospital stay, we undertook a similar study of 7213 patients and found that persons admitted through the ED stayed 30% longer when using the criteria of Stern et al. We then adjusted the figures taking two factors into account: recovery and disability. Recovery from acute illness or injury is affected by the general fitness of the patient and the presence of associated disease. Bearing this in mind, a
VIENNA
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An in Vitro Model of Differentiation of Memory B Cells Into Plasmablasts and Plasma Cells Including Detailed Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization.
Authors: Michel Jourdan, Anouk Caraux, John De Vos, Geneviève Fiol, Marion Larroque, Chantal Cognot, Caroline Bret, Christophe Duperray, Dirk Hose, Bernard Klein
Journal: Blood (2009)
Clinical efficacy of lactulose in cirrhotic patients with and without subclinical hepatic encephalopathy
Authors: A Watanabe, T Sakai, S Sato, F Imai, M Ohto, Y Arakawa, G Toda, K Kobayashi, Y Muto, T Tsujii, H Kawasaki, K Okita, K Tanikawa, S Fujiyama, S Shimada
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Seventy-five cirrhotic patients with hyperammonemia in the past or at the time of the study were randomly divided into two groups (treated with lactulose or nontreated) in 14 hospitals in Japan. Thirty-six cirrhotic patients were diagnosed as having subclinical hepatic encephalopathy (SHE), and 39 were diagnosed as non-SHE. SHE was diagnosed when the results of all three of the quantitative psychometric tests used (number connection test, and symbol digit and block design tests of the Wechsler adult intelligence scale [revised]) were abnormal as compared with age-matched normal values. The mean number of abnormal psychometric test results and the prevalence of SHE were used for a quantitative evaluation of the efficacy of the lactulose treatment. Twenty-two of the SHE patients were treated with lactulose (45 mL/d) for 8 weeks, and the other 14 SHE patients did not receive lactulose. In the SHE patients administered lactulose, the results of the quantitative psychometric evaluation were significantly improved at 4 and 8 weeks after the beginning of the lactulose administration. The SHE had disappeared in 10 (50%) of the 20 treated patients at week 8, but it persisted in 11 (85%) of the untreated 13 patients. We concluded that lactulose treatment in cirrhotic patients with SHE is effective with respect to psychometric tests.
Characterization of differences between prostate cancer (PCa) patients presenting as de novo versus primary progressive metastatic disease.
Authors: Antoine Nafez Finianos, Kanika Gupta, Mariam Meshikhes, Maya Shimony, Chao He, Hiwot Guebre-Xabiher, Sam Simmens, Jeanny B. Aragon-Ching
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

285 Background: In 2014 alone, 29,480 men are projected to die of PCa (Cancer Statistics, 2014).Approximately 4% are metastatic on presentation (de novo, dn) while a subset of men progress on to metastatic disease during the course of their disease (primary progressive, pp). We sought to characterize and compare differences in disease characteristics and outcomes between those who present as dn vs pp metastatic disease in our institution. Methods: A retrospective chart review of dn vs pp metastatic patients for the past 2 years was undertaken. Characteristics such as demographics, Gleason score, duration of hormone sensitivity, and treatment, were obtained. T-test and Fisher’s exact test were used to test differences in patient and disease characteristics between dn and pp metastatic patients. Results: Preliminary results on 10 de novo and 13 primary progressive patients are presented herein. Statistically significant differences were noted for median age at diagnosis: de novo 66.5 years of age (range=48-71) vs primary progressive 58 years of age (range 42-77), p=.05; Median duration of hormone sensitivity: de novo 149.5 days (range=91-440) vs primary progressive 444.5 days (range 91-3041), p = 0.0002; Median Gleason Score: de novo 9 (range 6-10) vs primary progressive 8 (range 6-9), p = .002. Although there was a tendency towards higher mean and median of PSA levels for the de novo (225.16 and 50 ng/ml, respectively) vs primary progressive (16.97 and 28.2 ng/ml, respectively), the difference was not statistically significant (p=.15). There was also non-significant trends for the de novo group to be more likely to have a lymph node metastasis (70%, p=.40) and Caucasian (62%, p=.16) compared to the primary progressive group (46% lymph node metastasis, 23% Caucasian). Conclusions: While the reported samples are small, our data reveals a potential difference in disease aggressiveness in those presenting with de novo metastatic cancer with higher-risk disease and shorter time to castration resistance. Further data collection is underway and a prospective trial assessing the difference molecularly between both groups is planned to confirm these findings.
Marihuana
Authors: G. G. Nahas
Journal: JAMA (1975)

"MARIHUANA is no more dangerous than alcohol or cigarettes and should be legalized for anyone over the age of sixteen." So declared Margaret Mead in 1968. Ever since, similar statements have been made with increasing regularity by others who wish to see the use of marihuana legalized, or at the very least "decriminalized." And yet, in that same year, 1968, a joint statement was issued by the Committee on Drug Dependence of the National Research Council, National Academy of Sciences, and the American Medical Association, stressing the following points: Cannabis is a dangerous drug and a public health concern. In virtually all societies where it has been extensively used, sanctions against both users and distributors have been necessary. Legalization of marihuana would create a serious abuse problem in the United States. Penalties for violations of marihuana laws are too harsh. They should therefore be modified to penalize
SELECTIONS.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Extracts from the Milroy Lectures on the Etiology and Prevention of Phthisis
Authors: A. Ransome
Journal: BMJ (1890)

Geographical Distribution.-Contagion.-Heredity.-Question of Identity.-PracticalConclusions.TuBERCLE in its various forms at the present day carries off annually nearly 70,000 persons.In the form of phthisis, at ages between 15 and 45-the most useful stages of human existence- it kills one-third of the people who die at those ages, and nearly half bet'we'en 15 and 35; moreover, in its prolonged and painful course it either prevents its victims from earning their livelihood, or at least interferes greatly with their daily work.
Surgery. A Practical Treatise with Especial Reference to Treatment.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE ORIGIN AND FATE OF UROBILIN
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The New Doctor
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal