tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pharmacologic activation of hepatic farnesoid X receptor prevents parenteral nutrition–associated cholestasis in mice
Authors: Karim C. El Kasmi, Swati Ghosh, Aimee L. Anderson, Michael W. Devereaux, Natarajan Balasubramaniyan, Angelo D’Alessandro, David J. Orlicky, Frederick J. Suchy, Colin T. Shearn, Ronald J. Sokol
Journal: Hepatology (2021)

Abstract Background and Aims Parenteral nutrition (PN)–associated cholestasis (PNAC) complicates the care of patients with intestinal failure. In PNAC, phytosterol containing PN synergizes with intestinal injury and IL‐1β derived from activated hepatic macrophages to suppress hepatocyte farnesoid X receptor (FXR) signaling and promote PNAC. We hypothesized that pharmacological activation of FXR would prevent PNAC in a mouse model. Approach and Results To induce PNAC, male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to intestinal injury (2% dextran sulfate sodium [DSS] for 4 days) followed by central venous catheterization and 14‐day infusion of PN with or without the FXR agonist GW4064. Following sacrifice, hepatocellular injury, inflammation, and biliary and sterol transporter expression were determined. GW4064 (30 mg/kg/day) added to PN on days 4–14 prevented hepatic injury and cholestasis; reversed the suppressed mRNA expression of nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 4 ( Nr1h4 )/FXR, ATP‐binding cassette subfamily B member 11 ( Abcb11 )/bile salt export pump, ATP‐binding cassette subfamily C member 2 ( Abcc2 ), ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 4( Abcb4 ), and ATP‐binding cassette subfamily G members 5/8( Abcg5/8 ); and normalized serum bile acids. Chromatin immunoprecipitation of liver showed that GW4064 increased FXR binding to the Abcb11 promoter. Furthermore, GW4064 prevented DSS‐PN‐induced hepatic macrophage accumulation, hepatic expression of genes associated with macrophage recruitment and activation ( ll‐1b , C‐C motif chemokine receptor 2, integrin subunit alpha M, lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus C), and hepatic macrophage cytokine transcription in response to lipopolysaccharide in vitro. In primary mouse hepatocytes, GW4064 activated transcription of FXR canonical targets, irrespective of IL‐1β exposure. Intestinal inflammation and ileal mRNAs ( Nr1h4 , Fgf15 , and organic solute transporter alpha) were not different among groups, supporting a liver‐specific effect of GW4064 in this model. Conclusions GW4064 prevents PNAC in mice through restoration of hepatic FXR signaling, resulting in increased expression of canalicular bile and of sterol and phospholipid transporters and suppression of macrophage recruitment and activation. These data support augmenting FXR activity as a therapeutic strategy to alleviate or prevent PNAC.
遺伝的に決定されたヘテロ接合性家族性高コレステロール血症における5-リポキシゲナーゼ活性化蛋白質(ALOX5AP)遺伝子多型を含む黄色腫発症の調節因子
Authors: Nohara Atsushi, Noguchi Tohru, Tada Hayato, Nakanishi Chiaki, Kawashiri Masaaki, Yagi Kunimasa, Inazu Akihiro, Kobayashi Junji, Yamagishi Masakazu, Mabuchi Hiroshi
Journal: Circulation (2010)
Safety and immunogenicity of heterologous versus homologous prime-boost schedules with an adenoviral vectored and mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (Com-COV): a single-blind, randomised, non-inferiority trial
Authors: Xinxue Liu, Robert H Shaw, Arabella S V Stuart, Melanie Greenland, Parvinder K Aley, Nick J Andrews, J Claire Cameron, Sue Charlton, Elizabeth A Clutterbuck, Andrea M Collins, Tanya Dinesh, Anna England, Saul N Faust, Daniela M Ferreira, Adam Finn, Christopher A Green, Bassam Hallis, Paul T Heath, Helen Hill, Teresa Lambe, Rajeka Lazarus, Vincenzo Libri, Fei Long, Yama F Mujadidi, Emma L Plested, Samuel Provstgaard-Morys, Maheshi N Ramasamy, Mary Ramsay, Robert C Read, Hannah Robinson, Nisha Singh, David P J Turner, Paul J Turner, Laura L Walker, Rachel White, Jonathan S Nguyen-Van-Tam, Matthew D Snape, Alasdair P S Munro, Jazz Bartholomew, Laura Presland, Sarah Horswill, Sarah Warren, Sophie Varkonyi-Clifford, Stephen Saich, Kirsty Adams, Marivic Ricamara, Nicola Turner, Nicole Y Yee Ting, Sarah Whittley, Tommy Rampling, Amisha Desai, Claire H Brown, Ehsaan Qureshi, Karishma Gokani, Kush Naker, Johanna K Kellett Wright, Rachel L Williams, Tawassal Riaz, Florentina D Penciu, Claudio Di Maso, Elizabeth G Howe, Iason Vichos, Mujtaba Ghulam Farooq, Rabiullah Noristani, Xin L Yao, Neil J Oldfield, Daniel Hammersley, Sue Belton, Simon Royal, Alberto San Francisco Ramos, Cecilia Hultin, Eva P Galiza, Farah Shiham, Carla Solórzano, Hannah Sainsbury, Kelly Davies, Pauline Ambrose, Lisa Hitchins, Natalie Baker, Stephanie Leung, Ross Fothergill, Kerry Godwin, Karen Buttigieg, Imam Shaik, Phill Brown, Chanice Knight, Paminder Lall, Lauren Allen
Journal: The Lancet (2021)
Commentary: Mandatory covid vaccination blames individual care home workers for government failures
Authors: Nadra Ahmed
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Commentary: Mandatory covid vaccination blames individual care home workers for government failuresCompulsory jabs detract from the crucial problems of underfunding and workforce shortages, says Nadra Ahmed-and if care home staff leave, it will increase pressure on the NHS Nadra Ahmed chair, National Care Association Before covid, independent analyses had found the UK care home sector to be in a "fragile" state. 1 2 Successive governments have ignored chronic underfunding and a worsening staff recruitment crisis, while clients' care needs grow.Now covid has left social care providers battling for survival to provide support for some of the frailest members of our society.
Epistemic injustice in academic global health
Authors: Himani Bhakuni, Seye Abimbola
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2021)

This Viewpoint calls attention to the pervasive wrongs related to knowledge production, use, and circulation in global health, many of which are taken for granted. We argue that common practices in academic global health (eg, authorship practices, research partnerships, academic writing, editorial practices, sensemaking practices, and the choice of audience or research framing, questions, and methods) are peppered with epistemic wrongs that lead to or exacerbate epistemic injustice. We describe two forms of epistemic wrongs, credibility deficit and interpretive marginalisation, which stem from structural exclusion of marginalised producers and recipients of knowledge. We then illustrate these forms of epistemic wrongs using examples of common practices in academic global health, and show how these wrongs are linked to the pose (or positionality) and the gaze (or audience) of producers of knowledge. The epistemic injustice framework shown in this Viewpoint can help to surface, detect, communicate, make sense of, avoid, and potentially undo unfair knowledge practices in global health that are inflicted upon people in their capacity as knowers, and as producers and recipients of knowledge, owing to structural prejudices in the processes involved in knowledge production, use, and circulation in global health.
Abstract 16686: Early Gadolinium Enhancement Represents Area at Risk Not Infarct Size: Timing and Kinetics Are Critical in Interpreting MRI of Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Steve W Leung, Li-Yueh Hsu, Colin Berry, Joel R Wilson, Peter Kellman, Andrew E Arai
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Recent papers have raised questions about whether gadolinium over-estimates infarct size and have indicated that early gadolinium enhancement (EGE) corresponds to the area at risk (AAR) rather than infarct size.Objective: To determine kinetics, timing, and size of early gadolinium enhancement as related to measurements of area at risk and infarct size in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI). Methods: MRI was performed on 35 patients within 7 days of acute MI. T2-weighted images were acquired with bright blood methods to measure AAR. EGE images were acquired 1, 3, 5, and 7 minutes post-contrast with single-shot phase sensitive inversion recovery (PSIR). Late gadolinium enhanced (LGE) images were obtained 10-20 minutes post-contrast using segmented PSIR. EGE images were evaluated semi-quantitatively using a 2-SD threshold and with manual planimetry. LGE Infarct size was measured with the previously validated FACT algorithm. Microvascular obstruction was included in the hyperenhanced zone for EGE and LGE. Results: Of the 35 patients (26 were male, age 61±12 years old), 14 had subendocardial MI and 21 had transmural MI. For subendocardial MI, the correlation between EGE and T2-weighted AAR was only fair at 1 minute post contrast (r=0.68), but improved to (r=0.86-0.88) from 3 minutes to 7 minutes post-contrast administration. However, there was significant intersubject variability with regard to the optimal timing for EGE as a measure of AAR. For subendocardial MI, the best agreement between EGE and T2 weighted AAR occurred at 3 minutes in 4 subjects, 5 minutes in 4 subjects, and 7 minutes in 5 subjects. For transmural MI (n=21), the best agreement occurred at 7 minutes post-contrast. The maximal area of hyperenhancement on EGE correlated most closely with T2 AAR for subendocardial MI (r=0.91) and was significantly larger than MI size on LGE images (p&lt;0.001 for all MI and for subendocardial MI). Conclusion: Myocardial gadolinium enhancement kinetics influence the size of the hyperenhanced zone such that early gadolinium enhancement between 3-7 minutes closely correlates with area at risk, and thus can over-estimate infarct size for non-transmural MI. Timing is critical when quantifying acute infarct size with gadolinium enhanced MRI.
The <i>Uppsala APP</i> deletion causes early onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s disease by altering APP processing and increasing amyloid β fibril formation
Authors: María Pagnon de la Vega, Vilmantas Giedraitis, Wojciech Michno, Lena Kilander, Gökhan Güner, Mara Zielinski, Malin Löwenmark, RoseMarie Brundin, Torsten Danfors, Linda Söderberg, Irina Alafuzoff, Lars N.G. Nilsson, Anna Erlandsson, Dieter Willbold, Stephan A. Müller, Gunnar F. Schröder, Jörg Hanrieder, Stefan F. Lichtenthaler, Lars Lannfelt, Dag Sehlin, Martin Ingelsson
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2021)

The Uppsala APP deletion leads to Alzheimer’s disease by modulating α- and β-secretase cleavage of APP and by accelerating Aβ fibrillization.
Global epidemiology of systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Megan R. W. Barber, Cristina Drenkard, Titilola Falasinnu, Alberta Hoi, Anselm Mak, Nien Yee Kow, Elisabet Svenungsson, Jonna Peterson, Ann E. Clarke, Rosalind Ramsey-Goldman
Journal: Nature Reviews Rheumatology (2021)
Abstract 12546: Detection of Myocardial Fibrosis in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Patients Using Non-Contrast Cardiac MRI Sequences
Authors: Frank J Raucci, Kristen George-Durrett, Kimberly Crum, James C Slaughter, Meng Xu, David A Parra, Larry W Markham, Jonathan H Soslow
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) leads to progressive cardiomyopathy. Detection of DMD myocardial fibrosis with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) by cardiac MRI (CMR) is critical for...
Abstract 16388: Prevalence and Clinical Outcomes of Stent Fracture and Stent Recoil After Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation at the Right Coronary Artery Ostial Site
Authors: Masatomo Ozaki, Kazushige Kadota
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: After stent implantation at the right coronary artery (RCA) ostial site, in-stent restenosis (ISR) often occurs and target lesion revascularization (TLR) is required. Stent fracture (SF...
Harmonized Outcome Measures for Use in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patient Registries and Clinical Practice
Authors: Martin J. Edelman, Daniel P. Raymond, Dwight H. Owen, Michelle B. Leavy, Kari Chansky, Sriram Yennu, Felix G. Fernandez, Carolyn J. Presley, Tithi Biswas, Gwendolyn P. Quinn, Matthew B. Schabath, Seth Sheffler-Collins, Laura Chu, Richard E. Gliklich
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2021)

Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States and globally, and many questions exist about treatment options. Harmonizing data across registries and other data collection efforts would yield a robust data infrastructure to help address many research questions. The purpose of this project was to develop a minimum set of patient and clinician relevant harmonized outcome measures that can be collected in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient registries and clinical practice. Methods: Seventeen lung cancer registries and related efforts were identified and invited to submit outcome measures. Representatives from medical specialty societies, government agencies, health systems, health information technology groups, patient advocacy organizations, and industry formed a stakeholder panel to categorize the measures and harmonize definitions using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality’s supported Outcome Measures Framework (OMF). Results: The panel reviewed 66 outcome measures and identified a minimum set of 8 broadly relevant measures in the OMF categories of patient survival, clinical response, events of interest, and resource utilization. The panel harmonized definitions for the 8 measures through in-person and virtual meetings. The panel did not reach consensus on 1 specific validated instrument for capturing patient-reported outcomes. The minimum set of harmonized outcome measures is broadly relevant to clinicians and patients and feasible to capture across NSCLC disease stages and treatment pathways. A pilot test of these measures would be useful to document the burden and value of the measures for research and in clinical practice. Conclusions: By collecting the harmonized measures consistently, registries and other data collection systems could contribute to the development research infrastructure and learning health systems to support new research and improve patient outcomes.
The Gamma Globulins and Their Clinical Significance
Authors: Paul A. M. Gross, David Gitlin, Charles A. Janeway
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

(Continued)*HypergammaglobulinemiaThe gamma globulins normally comprise 11 to 14 per cent of the total serum proteins, with a normal range of 600 to 1100 mg. per 100 ml. in older children and adults. American Negroes have slightly higher normal values than whites.81 , 82 Although no classification could be complete at this time, many diseases in which hypergammaglobulinemia has been noted are listed in Table 1, with an indication of the diseases in which the most marked elevations are found. High globulin values may be diagnostic clues. In one large series about 50 per cent of patients with a serum total globulin . . .
Ruthenium(II) complexes coordinated to graphitic carbon nitride: Oxygen self-sufficient photosensitizers which produce multiple ROS for photodynamic therapy in hypoxia
Authors: Fangmian Wei, Shi Kuang, Thomas W. Rees, Xinxing Liao, Jiangping Liu, Diqing Luo, Jinquan Wang, Xiting Zhang, Liangnian Ji, Hui Chao
Journal: Biomaterials (2021)
American College of Rheumatology Guidance for COVID‐19 Vaccination in Patients With Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases: Version 3
Authors: Jeffrey R. Curtis, Sindhu R. Johnson, Donald D. Anthony, Reuben J. Arasaratnam, Lindsey R. Baden, Anne R. Bass, Cassandra Calabrese, Ellen M. Gravallese, Rafael Harpaz, Andrew Kroger, Rebecca E. Sadun, Amy S. Turner, Eleanor Anderson Williams, Ted R. Mikuls
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2021)

To provide guidance to rheumatology providers on the use of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines for patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs). A task force was assembled that included 9 rheumatologists/immunologists, 2 infectious disease specialists, and 2 public health physicians. After agreeing on scoping questions, an evidence report was created that summarized the published literature and publicly available data regarding COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and safety, as well as literature for other vaccines in RMD patients. Task force members rated their agreement with draft consensus statements on a 9-point numerical scoring system, using a modified Delphi process and the RAND/University of California Los Angeles Appropriateness Method, with refinement and iteration over 2 sessions. Consensus was determined based on the distribution of ratings. Despite a paucity of direct evidence, 74 draft guidance statements were developed by the task force and agreed upon with consensus to provide guidance for use of the COVID-19 vaccines in RMD patients and to offer recommendations regarding the use and timing of immunomodulatory therapies around the time of vaccination. These guidance statements, made in the context of limited clinical data, are intended to provide direction to rheumatology health care providers on how to best use COVID-19 vaccines and to facilitate implementation of vaccination strategies for RMD patients.
Restricted <scp>TRBC1</scp> expression: A clonality marker for circulating <scp>Sézary</scp> cells
Authors: Suzanne Tintle, Franklin Fuda, Weina Chen
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2021)

A 56-year-old woman presented with diffuse xerotic cutaneous plaques and lymphadenopathy. Her peripheral count showed marked lymphocytosis (white cell count 31.8 × 109/L), mild anemia (hemoglobin 10.7 g/dl), and mild thrombocytosis (platelet count 483 × 109/L). A blood smear demonstrated numerous small to medium-sized lymphocytes with significantly irregular nuclei, delicately folded/cerebriform nuclei (Sézary cells) (Image 1A). Flow cytometric immunophenotyping on blood sample showed a 62% population of neoplastic T cells with aberrant immunophenotype of CD3+/CD4+/CD7−/CD8−/CD25−/CD26−/TCRαβ+/TCRγδ− and restricted TRBC1 expression (in contrast to normal T cells with polytypic expression pattern, Image 1B). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis revealed a monoclonal T-cell receptor gamma gene rearrangement. Serology for HTLV-1 was negative. A concurrent skin biopsy displayed a CD4 positive T cell lymphoma with the similar immunophenotype. The overall findings are diagnostic of Sézary syndrome involving peripheral blood and skin. Use of an antibody against T-cell receptor β constant region 1 (TRBC1) has recently been described to assess clonality of TCRαβ T cell subsets, as T cells randomly express one of two mutually exclusive T-cell receptor β constant (TRBC) regions, TRBC1 or TRBC2. This novel strategy of detecting T-cell clonality, analogous to the assessment of κ- and λ-immunoglobulin light chains in B-cell lymphoma, is useful in diagnosis of Sézary syndrome, particularly helpful in cases where the neoplastic T-cell population is small in the follow-up cases. The authors declare no conflict of interest. The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
GIaドメイン内にGIa32からGInへの点突然変異を有する遺伝性第X因子欠乏症の一家系(Faxtor X Tokyo)
Authors: Zama T, Murata M, Ambo H, Matsubara Y, Isshiki I, Watanabe R, Moriki T, Yokoyama K, Murakami H, Kikuchi M, Ikeda Y
Journal: Blood (1997)
Axon morphogenesis and maintenance require an evolutionary conserved safeguard function of Wnk kinases antagonizing Sarm and Axed
Authors: Azadeh Izadifar, Julien Courchet, Daniel M. Virga, Tine Verreet, Stevie Hamilton, Derya Ayaz, Anke Misbaer, Sofie Vandenbogaerde, Laloe Monteiro, Milan Petrovic, Sonja Sachse, Bing Yan, Maria-Luise Erfurth, Dan Dascenco, Yoshiaki Kise, Jiekun Yan, Gabriela Edwards-Faret, Tommy Lewis, Franck Polleux, Dietmar Schmucker
Journal: Neuron (2021)
Medication adherence in cardiovascular medicine
Authors: Steven T Simon, Vinay Kini, Andrew E Levy, P Michael Ho
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Abstract Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death globally. While pharmacological advancements have improved the morbidity and mortality associated with cardiovascular disease, non-adherence to prescribed treatment remains a significant barrier to improved patient outcomes. A variety of strategies to improve medication adherence have been tested in clinical trials, and include the following categories: improving patient education, implementing medication reminders, testing cognitive behavioral interventions, reducing medication costs, utilizing healthcare team members, and streamlining medication dosing regimens. In this review, we describe specific trials within each of these categories and highlight the impact of each on medication adherence. We also examine ongoing trials and future lines of inquiry for improving medication adherence in patients with cardiovascular diseases.
Abstract 15985: Myocardial Infarct Characterization Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging Without Contrast Agents
Authors: Walter R Witschey, Kevin Koomalsingh, Gerald A Zsido, James J Pilla, Joseph H Gorman, Robert C Gorman
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Late gadolinium enhanced (LGE) MRI is frequently used to evaluate myocardial viability, estimate total infarct size and transmurality, but is uncomfortable, unsuitable for short-term ...
Effect of surgical mask on exercise capacity in COPD: a randomised crossover trial
Authors: Kuniaki Hirai, Akihiko Tanaka, Hiroki Sato, Yoko Sato, Yoshitaka Uchida, Eisuke Inoue, Hironori Sagara
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2021)

<b>Although patients with COPD using a surgical mask while walking were more likely to develop</b><b>dyspnoea than those without a mask, there was no decrease in 6MWD or <i>S</i><sub>pO</sub><sub>2</sub></b><b>. A surgical mask can be safely recommended for COVID-19 prevention in patients with COPD.</b>https://bit.ly/3xldw4P
Corrigendum to ‘P-195 Gastric adenocarcinoma classification: Association with clinicopathological features and overall survival in Moroccan patients’
Authors: J. Nshizirungu, S. Bennis, I. Mellouki, M. Sekal, D. Benajah, N. Lahmidani, H. El Bouhaddouti, K. Majdoub, S. Ibrahimi, S. Celeiro, M. Viana-Pereira, R. Reis
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Repurposing macitentan with nanoparticle modulates tumor microenvironment to potentiate immune checkpoint blockade
Authors: Soyoung Son, Jung Min Shin, Sol Shin, Chan Ho Kim, Jae Ah Lee, Hyewon Ko, Eun Sook Lee, Jae Min Jung, Jeongyun Kim, Jae Hyung Park
Journal: Biomaterials (2021)
Elongated PEO-based nanoparticles bind the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) receptor scavenger receptor class B I (SR-BI)
Authors: Mitch Raith, Sarah J. Kauffman, Monireh Asoudeh, Jennifer A. Buczek, Nam-Goo Kang, Jimmy W. Mays, Paul Dalhaimer
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2021)
慢性腎臓病における血圧:腎臓病からの結論:グローバル転帰(KDIGO)論争会議の改善【JST・京大機械翻訳】
Authors: K Cheung Alfred, I Chang Tara, C Cushman William, L Furth Susan, H Ix Joachim, Pecoits-Filho Roberto, Perkovic Vlado, J Sarnak Mark, W Tobe Sheldon, R V Tomson Charles, Cheung Michael, C Wheeler David, C Winkelmayer Wolfgang, F E Mann Johannes
Journal: Kidney International (2019)