tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Changes in serum somatostatin level and its association with calcium metabolism indicators in patients withgastroesophageal reflux disease and spinal injuries of degenerative-dystrophic andinflammatory genesis
Authors: Ye.S. Szircsak, S.A. Tsoka, Ya.F. Filak
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2022)

Background. The study of clinical features, factors and levels of various biologically active substances that may play an important role in the pathogenetic mechanism of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in combination with degenerative-dystrophic or inflammatory lesions of the spine, is an extremely important problem of the modern medical community. The purpose of the research is to determine the peculiarities of changes in the level of serum somatostatin (SST) and its relationship with calcium metabolism in patients with GERD and spine lesions of degenerative-dystrophic and inflammatory genesis. Materials and methods. 84 patients with spinal lesions of degenerative-dystrophic or inflammatory genesis in combination with GERD were examined. The examined patients with GERD were divided into two groups depending on the form of spine injury. GroupI included 44 patients with osteochondrosis (OS) of the cervical and thoracic spine (SpA). Group II consisted of 40patients with spinal arthritis. Results. There was a significant increase in the level of serum SST in both groups of the studied patients with GERD and spine injury of degenerative-dystrophic or inflammatory origin. At the same time, a more pronounced deviation from the norm was detected in group II of patients (increase up to (0.756±0.027)pg/ml, p&lt;0.01). Determination of level 25(OH)D in serum indicates vitamin D3 deficiency in patients with GERD and OS (decrease to (23.35±0.71) ng/ml, p&lt;0.05) and its deficiency in patients with SpA (decrease to (18.66±0.52)ng/ml, p&lt;0.01). Serum 25(OH)D levels also decreased more markedly in the atypical clinical course of GERD in the examined patients. Conclusions. In patients with GERD with degenerative-dystrophic and inflammatory lesions of the spine, an increase in the level of serum SST was found with the most pronounced deviation from the norm in atypical manifestation of GERD. A correlation between SST and a decrease in the level of 25(OH)D and Ca++, mainly in patients with atypical clinical course of GERD, was established.
Timing of Stent Thrombosis After 1-Month Discontinuation of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy
Authors: Manoj Thangam, Tamim M. Nazif, Maria Parke, David E. Kandzari, Stephan Windecker, Azeem Latib, Elvin Kedhi, Roxana Mehran, Gregg W. Stone, Ajay J. Kirtane
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Evaluating Stable Chest Pain — An Evolving Approach
Authors: Joseph Loscalzo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2022)

Correctly interpreting the cause of chest pain is a crucial diagnostic skill that is essential for effective medical practice. Before the development of coronary angioplasty and stenting, the great majority of patients with stable angina (typical or atypical) were treated medically. Currently, patients with stable angina often undergo early invasive coronary angiography with an eye toward intervention for sufficiently stenotic lesions. The goal of this approach has been to eliminate angina rather than to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.1 This more aggressive approach has improved the lives of many patients with stable angina, to be sure. Yet, this strategy . . .
IKAROS and MENIN coordinate therapeutically actionable leukemogenic gene expression in MLL-r acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Brandon J. Aubrey, Jevon A. Cutler, Wallace Bourgeois, Katherine A. Donovan, Shengqing Gu, Charlie Hatton, Sarah Perlee, Florian Perner, Homa Rahnamoun, Alexandra C. P. Theall, Jill A. Henrich, Qian Zhu, Radosław P. Nowak, Young Joon Kim, Salma Parvin, Anjali Cremer, Sarah Naomi Olsen, Nicholas A. Eleuteri, Yana Pikman, Gerard M. McGeehan, Kimberly Stegmaier, Anthony Letai, Eric S. Fischer, X. Shirley Liu, Scott A. Armstrong
Journal: Nature Cancer (2022)
Cardiac Dysfunction Promotes Cancer Progression via Multiple Secreted Factors
Authors: Lama Awwad, Ami Aronheim
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

Abstract Heart failure and cancer are the leading cause of deaths worldwide. While heart failure and cancer have been considered separate diseases, it is becoming evident that they are highly connected and affect each other's outcomes. Recent studies using experimental mouse models have suggested that heart failure promotes tumor progression. The mouse models used involve major irreversible surgery. Here, we induced heart hypertrophy via expression of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) in cardiomyocytes, followed by cancer cells’ implantation. Tumors developing in ATF3-transgenic mice grew larger and displayed a more highly metastatic phenotype compared with tumors in wild-type mice. To address whether ATF3 expression or the cardiac outcome are necessary for tumor progression, ATF3 expression was turned off after cardiac hypertrophy development followed by cancer cell implantation. The tumor promotion phenotype and the enhancement of metastatic properties were preserved, suggesting that the failing heart per se is sufficient to promote tumor progression. Serum derived from ATF3-transgenic mice enhanced cancer cell proliferation and increased cancer cell metastatic properties in vitro. Using a cytokine array panel, multiple factors responsible for promoting tumor cell proliferation and the metastatic phenotype were identified. Interestingly, the failing heart and the tumor separately and simultaneously contributed to higher levels of these factors in the serum as well as other tissues and organs. These data suggest the existence of intimate cross-talk between the hypertrophied heart and the tumor that is mediated by secreted factors, leading to cancer promotion and disease deterioration. Significance: This work highlights the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of heart failure prior to reaching the irreversible stage that can exacerbate cancer progression.
Screening for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Jill Jin
Journal: JAMA (2022)

US Preventive Services Task Force; Carol M. Mangione, MD, MSPH; Michael J. Barry, MD; Wanda K. Nicholson, MD, MPH, MBA; Michael Cabana, MD, MA, MPH; Aaron B. Caughey, MD, MPH; David Chelmow, MD; Tumaini Rucker Coker, MD, MBA; Esa M. Davis, MD, MPH; Katrina E. Donahue, MD, MPH; Carlos Roberto Jaén, MD, PhD, MS; Martha Kubik, PhD, RN; Li Li, MD, PhD, MPH; Gbenga Ogedegbe, MD, MPH; Lori Pbert, PhD; John M. Ruiz, PhD; James Stevermer, MD, MSPH; Chien-Wen Tseng, MD, MPH, MSEE; John B. Wong, MD
Basket Trials: Review of Current Practice and Innovations for Future Trials
Authors: Brian P. Hobbs, Roberto Carmagnani Pestana, Emily C. Zabor, Alexander M. Kaizer, David S. Hong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

Advances in biology and immunology have elucidated genetic and immunologic origins of cancer. Innovations in sequencing technologies revealed that distinct cancer histologies shared common genetic and immune phenotypic traits. Pharmacologic developments made it possible to target these alterations, yielding novel classes of targeted agents whose therapeutic potential span multiple tumor types. Basket trials, one type of master protocol, emerged as a tool for evaluating biomarker-targeted therapies among multiple tumor histologies. Conventionally conducted within the phase II setting and designed to estimate high and durable objective responses, basket trials pose challenges to statistical design and interpretation of results. This article reviews basket trials implemented in oncology studies and discusses issues related to their statistical design and analysis.
Effects of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) on quality of life: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zainab Alimoradi, Elahe Jafari, Anders Broström, Maurice M. Ohayon, Chung-Ying Lin, Mark D. Griffiths, Kerstin Blom, Susanna Jernelöv, Viktor Kaldo, Amir H. Pakpour
Journal: Sleep Medicine Reviews (2022)

The effects of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) have consistently been shown to improve insomnia symptoms and other health-related outcomes, but the effects on QoL have been inconsistent. Many factors including the type CBT-I delivery and type of instrument used to assess QoL make the topic complex. The present systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized the evidence of CBT-I efficacy on QoL outcomes across different populations, delivery modes, and methodological aspects. Following the guidelines on preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), a literature search was conducted through PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycINFO using keywords from relevant MeSH terms based on PICOS (Participants, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome and Study) criteria. Clinical trials investigating the effect of CBT-I as an intervention on QoL with any kind of control group were eligible if they reported mean scores and variation of QoL. Meta-analysis using a random-effect model was conducted to calculate the standardized mean differences (SMDs) in a set including all identified studies, as well as in three sub-sets: face-to-face CBT-I using randomized controlled trials (RCTs), online CBT-I using RCTs, and one-group pre- and post-treatment design. A total of 24 studies comprising 1977 participants (808 in an intervention group) from 12 countries were eligible for meta-analysis. The overall pooled estimate of SMD of QoL when all 24 studies were included was 0.47 (95% CI: 0.22; 0.72; I2 = 84.5%; tau2 = 0.31; p < 0.001). The overall pooled estimate of SMD of QoL was 0.46 (95% CI: 0.01–0.90; I2 = 87.5%; tau2 = 0.48, p < 0.001) for intervention groups with face-to-face CBT-I compared to controls; 0.47 (95% CI: 0.02–0.92; I2 = 88.3%; tau2 = 0.36; p = 0.04) for intervention groups with digital CBT-I compared to controls, and 0.46 (95% CI: 0.12–0.80; I2 = 52.9%; tau2 = 0.07; p = 0.08) for one-group pre- and post-comparison using CBT-I intervention compared to baseline. Moreover, effects of CBT-I on QoL were different across populations (pooled SMD = 0.59 for patients with insomnia; 0.29 for patients with insomnia comorbid with another major disorder; and 0.48 for other conditions) and types of QoL instruments (pooled SMD = 0.36 for disease-specific QoL instrument not on insomnia, 0.43 for generic QoL instrument, and 0.67 for a single-QoL-item instrument). The probability of publication bias was ruled out in overall and design specific sub-group analysis based on funnel plot and Egger's test. In conclusion, this meta-analysis confirmed a moderate, overall effect of CBT-I in improving QoL. However, due to small power and heterogeneity, future studies are needed to better explore the impact of moderating factors such as mode of delivery and type of QoL measure for assessment used.
Sex Differences in Outcomes Following Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair
Authors: Ben Li, Naomi Eisenberg, Miranda Witheford, Thomas F. Lindsay, Thomas L. Forbes, Graham Roche-Nagle
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

<h3>Importance</h3> Sex differences in aortic surgery outcomes are commonly reported. However, data on ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) repair outcomes in women vs men are limited. <h3>Objective</h3> To assess differences in perioperative and long-term mortality following rAAA repair in women vs men. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> A multicenter, retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Vascular Quality Initiative database, which prospectively captures information on patients who undergo vascular surgery across 796 academic and community hospitals in North America. All patients who underwent endovascular or open rAAA repair between January 1, 2003, and December 31, 2019, were included. Outcomes were assessed up to January 1, 2020. <h3>Exposures</h3> Patient sex. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Demographic, clinical, and procedural characteristics were recorded, and differences between women vs men were assessed using independent<i>t</i>test and χ<sup>2</sup>test. The primary outcomes were in-hospital and 8-year mortality. Associations between sex and outcomes were analyzed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 1160 (21.9%) women and 4148 (78.1%) men underwent rAAA repair during the study period. There was a similar proportion of endovascular repairs in women and men (654 [56.4%] vs 2386 [57.5%]). Women were older (mean [SD] age, 75.8 [9.3] vs 71.7 [9.6] years), more likely to have chronic kidney disease (718 [61.9%] vs 2184 [52.7%]), and presented with ruptured aneurysms of smaller diameters (mean [SD] 68 [18.2] vs 78 [30.2] mm). In-hospital mortality was higher in women (34.4% vs 26.6%; odds ratio, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.25-1.66), which persisted after adjusting for demographic, clinical, and procedural characteristics (adjusted odds ratio, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.12-1.66;<i>P</i> = .002). Eight-year survival was lower in women (36.7% vs 49.5%; hazard ratio, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.04-1.50;<i>P</i> = .02), which persisted when stratified by endovascular and open repair. This survival difference existed in both the US and Canada. Variables associated with long-term mortality in women included older age and chronic kidney disease. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Women who underwent rAAA repair had higher perioperative and 8-year mortality rates following both endovascular and open repair compared with men. Older age and higher rates of chronic kidney disease in women were associated with higher mortality rates. These findings suggest that future studies should assess the reasons for these disparities and whether opportunities exist to improve AAA care for women.
Recommended Reading from the East Carolina University Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Fellows
Authors: Afua Q. Kunadu, Swaroopa R. Nalamalapu, Maida Hafiz, Mitra Sahebazamani
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2022)

"Driving Pressure and Mortality." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 206(1), pp. 105–107
SKIN GRAFTING
Authors: J. C. MASSON
Journal: JAMA (1918)

At no time in the world's history have there been under treatment so many persons injured and crippled as now. As a great majority of these are suffering from infected wounds, frequently with a great deal of sloughing and destruction of extensive areas of skin and superficial tissues, anything that will tend to hasten healing and cover raw surfaces will be a great benefit to the patient, and a great saving in time and money. Much has been done in the way of simplifying dressings, and in the control of infection by the scientific application of time-honored surgical principles, and the introduction of antiseptics that have a maximum bactericidal action and a minimum destructive action on the tissues. I shall not, however, dwell on the treatment of wounds or on the majorn surgical operations indicated, but shall confine myself to the final stage of the treatment of most infected wounds,
The Exchange
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Small Internal Hernias in the Paraduodenal Area
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A phase II trial of docetaxel and cisplatin combination in patients with locally advanced undifferentiated carcinoma of nasopharygeal type (UCNT)
Authors: M. Yamouni, Y. Beldjillali, K. A. Benhadji, I. Lahfa, M. Brahimi, M. Ait-Said, L. Djellali, K. Bouzid
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

5599 Background: The standard treatment of locally advanced UCNT is chemotherapy followed by locoregional radiotherapy. The purpose of this study is to assess the antitumor activity and toxicity of a new neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen combining docetaxel (D) and cisplatin (C). Patients and Methods: Previously untreated patients (pts) with histologically diagnosed locally advanced UCNT (Stages IVA and IVB TNM/UICC 1997) received D 75 mg/m2 and C 75 mg/m2 both on day 1, cycles were repeated every 21 days. Every pts received three cycles in a neoadjuvant setting before radiotherapy (4 to 6 weeks after the third cycle of DC). Pts were evaluated by clinical examination, nasofibroscopy with biopsy and CT scan of nasopharynx. Results: Toxicity, tumor response and survival over one year were assessable in all pts. There are 75 pts (54 male, 21 female) with a median age of 41 years (range 18 - 69) and a WHO performance status of 0 - 1 in 71 pts, 2 in 4 pts. 19 pts had stage IVA and 56 pts had stage IVB. After 225 cycles, grade 3 & 4 toxicity (WHO) were: neutropenia (12 %), febrile neutropenia (2%), anemia (1%), nausea and vomiting (23%), diarrhea (8%), mucositis (1%), reversible alopecia (70%). Two pts had onycolysis. Response rates for the 75 pts were: complete pathologic response 37 % (28 pts), partial response 52% (39 pts), stable disease 8% (6 pts) and progression 3% (2 pts) . The overall response rate (ORR) was 89%. 72 pts had complete response after radiotherapy and one patient had stable disease. 18 patients had recurence: 16 locoregional, 1 hepatic metastasis and 1 cerebral metastasis. Disease free survival and overall survival at 1 year were respectively 76 % and 85 % and the median survival was 19 months. The complete response after chemotherapy appear as an important factor predicting recurrence. Conclusion: DC is an effective regimen with an acceptable safety profile in locally advanced UCNT. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Pica
Authors: William H. Crosby
Journal: JAMA (1976)

PICA is the compulsive eating of anything. It probably occurs in more than half of patients with iron deficiency. They usually conceal the problem from the physician, even when it is causing emotional anguish. It is not restricted to disadvantaged people. Pica has had a play in the papers and in some of the throw-away journals, with a notably happy result. One kind of pica, the compulsive eating of flaked old paint by children in flaking old tenements causes lead poisoning. Laws have now forbidden the use of lead-based interior paints. There are other well-known kinds of pica. The eating of clay by black women in the South has the legitimacy of folk medicine and social custom, but it also has the quality of compulsive behavior. Clay eating has spread to the cities, where the clay can sometimes be bought in supermarkets. Sometimes, it is mailed from home. Laundry starch
The Transcription Factor Ets1 Suppresses T Follicular Helper Type 2 Cell Differentiation to Halt the Onset of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Chan Johng Kim, Choong-Gu Lee, Ju-Yang Jung, Ambarnil Ghosh, Syed Nurul Hasan, Sung-Min Hwang, Hyeji Kang, Changhon Lee, Gi-Cheon Kim, Dipayan Rudra, Chang-Hee Suh, Sin-Hyeog Im
Journal: Immunity (2019)
PIPERAZIDINE AS A SOLVENT FOR URIC ACID.
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Gut microbiota are associated with minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) in cirrhosis regardless of country of origin
Authors: Aldo Torre, Mayra Rojas Lara, Andrew Fagan, Edith Gavis, Ivvone Escalona Nandez, Melanie White, Sara McGeorge, Omar De Leon Osorio, Masoumeh Sikaroodi, Patrick Gillevet, Michael Fuchs, Jasmohan S Bajaj
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)