tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Complement in Neurologic Disease
Authors: Nicholas E. Propson, Manasee Gedam, Hui Zheng
Journal: Annual Review of Pathology Mechanisms of Disease (2020)

Classic innate immune signaling pathways provide most of the immune response in the brain. This response activates many of the canonical signaling mechanisms identified in peripheral immune cells, despite their relative absence in this immune-privileged tissue. Studies over the past decade have strongly linked complement protein production and activation to age-related functional changes and neurodegeneration. The reactivation of the complement signaling pathway in aging and disease has opened new avenues for understanding brain aging and neurological disease pathogenesis and has implicated cell types such as astrocytes, microglia, endothelial cells, oligodendrocytes, neurons, and even peripheral immune cells in these processes. In this review, we aim to unravel the past decade of research related to complement activation and its numerous consequences in aging and neurological disease.
Managing alcohol use in primary care
Authors: Jim McCambridge, Duncan Stewart
Journal: BMJ (2020)

People who struggle with alcohol problems are stigmatised in extraordinary ways.The UK treatment system has been partly dismantled and cheaper provision outside the National Health Service accepted. 1 2 Predictably, much of the burden of alcohol related disease is borne by hospitals, 2 not least because there is little alcohol treatment available in primary care. 3 Even seemingly unremarkable drinking is implicated in a wide range of health issues. 4 Usually unnoticed, alcohol interferes with the everyday work of primary care. 5This dysfunctional situation requires high level strategic planning 6 to clarify the role of primary care in managing the UK's problematic relation with alcohol.
Functional Improvement After Ventricular Assist Device Implantation: Is Ventricular Recovery More Common Than We Thought?⁎⁎Editorials published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology reflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACC or the American College of Cardiology.
Authors: Eric Adler, Jorge Silva Enciso
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Higher environmental composite quality index score and risk of asthma and allergy in Northeast China
Authors: Shen Zhang, Yu He, Hong Liang, Jie Gao, Yinbang Li, Yahong Li, Lining Wang, Xili Xie, Ming Sun, Changzheng Yuan, Yanan Ma
Journal: Allergy (2020)

Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Abstract 14557: A Larval Zebrafish Model of Cardiac Physiological Recovery Following Myocardial Hypoxia Enables Evaluation of the Time Course and Efficacy of Pharmacological Treatments
Authors: Regina Abramova, Naim Bautista, Regina Fritsche Danielson, Avi Gupta, Kenny Hansson, Neha Iyer, Pudur Jagadeeswaran, Karin Jennbacken, Vishal Patel, Revathi Raman, Qing-Dong Wang, Warren Burggren
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Larval zebrafish are used to study regenerative properties of cardiac muscle, and treatments that enhance this process. Cardiac injury models in zebrafish larva include cryoinjury, la...
14030 Ten-year interim results from the ESPRIT registry: Real-world safety, effectiveness, and patient-reported outcomes of adalimumab for moderate to severe psoriasis
Authors: Jashin J. Wu, William Abramovits, Wendell C. Valdecantos, Ofelia Reyes Servin, Mareike Bereswill, Dilek Arikan, Dianlin Guo, Hartmut Kupper, Rakesh Singh, Alan Menter
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Corneal Stiffness Parameters Are Predictive of Structural and Functional Progression in Glaucoma Suspect Eyes
Authors: Ayub Qassim, Sean Mullany, Farshad Abedi, Henry Marshall, Mark M. Hassall, Antonia Kolovos, Lachlan S.W. Knight, Thi Nguyen, Mona S. Awadalla, Angela Chappell, Angela M. Schulz, Anna Galanopoulos, Ashish Agar, Paul R. Healey, Alex W. Hewitt, Stuart L. Graham, John Landers, Robert J. Casson, Owen M. Siggs, Jamie E. Craig
Journal: Ophthalmology (2020)
High-Resolution Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Techniques for the Identification of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction
Authors: Haseeb Rahman, Cian M. Scannell, Ozan M. Demir, Matthew Ryan, Hannah McConkey, Howard Ellis, Pier Giorgio Masci, Divaka Perera, Amedeo Chiribiri
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2020)

This study assessed the ability to identify coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) in patients with angina and nonobstructive coronary artery disease (NOCAD) using high-resolution cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and hypothesized that quantitative perfusion techniques would have greater accuracy than visual analysis. Half of all patients with angina are found to have NOCAD, while the presence of CMD portends greater morbidity and mortality, it now represents a modifiable therapeutic target. Diagnosis currently requires invasive assessment of coronary blood flow during angiography. With greater reliance on computed tomography coronary angiography as a first-line tool to investigate angina, noninvasive tests for diagnosing CMD warrant validation. Consecutive patients with angina and NOCAD were enrolled. Intracoronary pressure and flow measurements were acquired during rest and vasodilator-mediated hyperemia. CMR (3-T) was performed and analyzed by visual and quantitative techniques, including calculation of myocardial blood flow (MBF) during hyperemia (stress MBF), transmural myocardial perfusion reserve (MPR: MBFHYPEREMIA / MBFREST), and subendocardial MPR (MPRENDO). CMD was defined dichotomously as an invasive coronary flow reserve <2.5, with CMR readers blinded to this classification. A total of 75 patients were enrolled (57 ± 10 years of age, 81% women). Among the quantitative perfusion indices, MPRENDO and MPR had the highest accuracy (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.90 and 0.88) with high sensitivity and specificity, respectively, both superior to visual assessment (both p < 0.001). Visual assessment identified CMD with 58% accuracy (41% sensitivity and 83% specificity). Quantitative stress MBF performed similarly to visual analysis (AUC: 0.64 vs. 0.60; p = 0.69). High-resolution CMR has good accuracy at detecting CMD but only when analyzed quantitatively. Although omission of rest imaging and stress-only protocols make for quicker scans, this is at the cost of accuracy compared with integrating rest and stress perfusion. Quantitative perfusion CMR has an increasingly important role in the management of patients frequently encountered with angina and NOCAD.
AB1129 PREVALENCE OF FINDINGS IN ROUTINE ABDOMINAL ULTRASOUND IN PATIENTS WITH CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES AND THEIR IMPACT ON DISEASE MANAGEMENT
Authors: K. Weiß, W. A. Schmidt, A. Krause, V. S. Schäfer
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Background: Patients with connective tissue diseases (CTD) are often screened for abdominal organ involvement with ultrasound. Objectives: To analyse the prevalence of routine abdominal ultrasound findings in different CTD entities and their impact on therapeutic decisions. Methods: Retrospective chart review of all in-patients from a tertiary rheumatological referral center with CTD diagnosis and abdominal ultrasound examination between January 1st 2006 and December 31st 2015. Descriptive statistics were used to describe patient characteristics and frequencies of ultrasound findings. To determine whether findings impacted therapeutic decisions, we analysed if they were discussed in the hospital discharge letter. Results: 1.092 patients with a total of 1.695 hospitalizations were analysed. Mean age was 55.1 years (range: 17-90 years, SD: 15.8), mean disease duration was 6.4 years (range: 0.0-52.8 years, SD: 9.1). 87.5 % were female. Table 1 shows the frequency of findings per CTD entity. 48 out of all 1.695 examinations were discussed in the hospital discharge letter. In 30 cases, the physician described the ultrasound results as pivotal for therapeutic decision-making. Table 1. Frequency of abdominal ultrasound findings in different CTD. All patients SLE Sjögren´s syndrome Systemic sclerosis Myositis UCTD MCTD primary secon-dary diffuse limited with myositis PM DM Number of patients (females) 1092 (956) 194 (172) 252 (236) 167 (156) 78 (63) 125 (116) 17 (11) 24 (11) 33 (24) 99 (81) 87 (72) Frequency of findings (%) Gallbladder Concrements 8.2 6.7 10.7 7.2 10.3 - 5.9 16.7 12.1 6.1 5.7 Wall thickening 0.5 - 0.4 1.2 - - - - - 2.0 - Status post cholecystectomy 14.4 8.8 17.9 20.4 14.1 17.6 5.9 25.0 3.0 14.1 5.7 Pancreas Pancreatic lipomatosis 14.3 10.8 11.1 25.1 15.4 12.0 23.5 25.0 15.2 14.1 3.4 Inhomogeneous parenchyma 1.9 2.6 1.6 - - 0.8 - 4.2 6.1 3.0 4.6 Pancreatitis 0.2 0.5 - 0.6 - - - - - - - Lesion/tumor 0.5 - 0.4 - 1.3 1.6 - 4.2 - - - Kidneys Altered echogenity 4.7 5.7 6.0 4.2 7.7 4.8 - 8.3 6.1 - 2.3 Hydronephrosis 2.2 1.5 2.4 1.2 6.4 3.2 - 8.3 3.0 - 1.1 Cyst 10.3 9.3 10.7 12.6 15.4 9.6 5.9 4.2 15.2 8.1 4.6 Concrements 2.5 2.1 2.8 3.0 3.8 2.4 5.9 4.2 - 1.0 2.3 Lesion/tumor 0.6 0.5 0.8 - 3.8 - - - 3.0 - - Abbreviations: SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus, PM: polymyositis, DM: dermatomyositis, UCTD: undifferentiated connective tissue disease, MCTD: mixed connective tissue disease. “ - “ signifies 0.0% (n=0). Table 2. Frequency of abdominal ultrasound findings in different CTD. Conclusion: Routinely performed abdominal ultrasound rarely yields disease specific findings which subsequently impact the therapeutic decision-making process. Disclosure of Interests: None declared
CCL20 in psoriasis: A potential biomarker of disease severity, inflammation, and impaired vascular health
Authors: Youssef A. Elnabawi, Michael S. Garshick, Michael Tawil, Tessa J. Barrett, Edward A. Fisher, Kristen Lo Sicco, Andrea L. Neimann, Jose U. Scher, James Krueger, Jeffrey S. Berger
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Just because you can (and radiotherapy seems to be effective), doesn’t mean you should
Authors: Oliver Pech, Saleh A. Alqahtani
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Endoscopic therapy of early squamous cell cancer (SCC) has become the treatment of choice, including in the West. A major disadvantage of endoscopic therapy is the relatively high rate of recurrence, as the organ at risk is not removed. Back in the days when conventional endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) with ligation devices or the cap technique was performed, recurrence rates were as high as up to 26 % [1]. The reason for this high recurrence rate was considered to be residual neoplastic tissue in the esophagus after piecemeal resection. Therefore, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was introduced as a method of achieving en bloc resection of the squamous cell neoplasia. The two main advantages of ESD are: 1) a very low risk of leaving residual neoplastic tissue behind when the margins of the resection specimen are tumor free; 2) the squamous cell neoplasia can be analyzed by a pathologist in order to confirm complete resection and to look for the presence of risk factors for lymphatic spread of the tumor, such as submucosal invasion, lymph vessel invasion, and poor differentiation grade. Retrospective studies comparing EMR with ESD in the treatment of early neoplastic squamous lesions have demonstrated that ESD has a significantly lower recurrence rate than EMR [2]. However, there is still a risk of recurrence after ESD. This led to the concept of additional treatment with radiotherapy or radiochemotherapy after ESD of SCCs.
Durability of Responses after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 Vaccination
Authors: Alicia T Widge, Nadine G Rouphael, Lisa A Jackson, Evan J Anderson, Paul C Roberts, Mamodikoe Makhene, James D Chappell, Mark R Denison, Laura J Stevens, Andrea J Pruijssers, Adrian B McDermott, Britta Flach, Bob C Lin, Nicole A Doria-Rose, Sijy O'Dell, Stephen D Schmidt, Kathleen M Neuzil, Hamilton Bennett, Brett Leav, Mat Makowski, Jim Albert, Kaitlyn Cross, Venkata-Viswanadh Edara, Katharine Floyd, Mehul S Suthar, Wendy Buchanan, Catherine J Luke, Julie E Ledgerwood, John R Mascola, Barney S Graham, John H Beigel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

Immunogenicity and the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Thirty-four adults received two 100-μg injections of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, and serum anti–spike protein and neutralizing antibody tit...
Abstract 18405: Patient-Reported Orthopnea is Associated With Worse Quality of Life Across NYHA Classes
Authors: Shweta R Motiwala, Renata R Castro, Maya H Barghash, Matthew Nayor, Lynne W Stevenson, Akshay S Desai, Emer Joyce, Anju Nohria, Garrick C Stewart, Michael M Givertz, Neal K Lakdawala, Eldrin F Lewis
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: New York Heart Association (NYHA) class provides information about prognosis and quality of life (QOL) in heart failure (HF), based on symptoms with different levels of activity and a...
14159 Sustained improvements in itch, skin pain, and health-related quality of life through 5 years of treatment with ixekizumab in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis
Authors: Melinda Gooderham, Boni Elizabeth Elewski, Matthias Augustin, Lars Iversen, Hideshi Torii, Russel Burge, Baojin Zhu, Gaia Gallo, William Eastman, Peter Foley
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Patient Health Utility Equations for a Type 2 Diabetes Model
Authors: Simon J. Neuwahl, Ping Zhang, Haiying Chen, Hui Shao, Michael Laxy, Andrea M. Anderson, Timothy E. Craven, Thomas J. Hoerger
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

To estimate the health utility impact of diabetes-related complications in a large, longitudinal U.S. sample of people with type 2 diabetes.We combined Health Utilities Index Mark 3 data on patients with type 2 diabetes from the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) and Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) trials and their follow-on studies. Complications were classified as events if they occurred in the year preceding the utility measurement; otherwise, they were classified as a history of the complication. We estimated utility decrements associated with complications using a fixed-effects regression model.Our sample included 15,252 persons with an average follow-up of 8.2 years and a total of 128,873 person-visit observations. The largest, statistically significant (P < 0.05) health utility decrements were for stroke (event, -0.109; history, -0.051), amputation (event, -0.092; history, -0.150), congestive heart failure (event, -0.051; history, -0.041), dialysis (event, -0.039), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (event, -0.043; history, -0.025), angina (history, -0.028), and myocardial infarction (MI) (event, -0.028). There were smaller effects for laser photocoagulation and eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Decrements for dialysis history, angina event, MI history, revascularization event, revascularization history, laser photocoagulation event, and hypoglycemia were not significant (P ≥ 0.05).With use of a large study sample and a longitudinal design, our estimated health utility scores are expected to be largely unbiased. Estimates can be used to describe the health utility impact of diabetes complications, improve cost-effectiveness models, and inform diabetes policies.
NIRS-IVUS for Differentiating Coronary Plaque Rupture, Erosion, and Calcified Nodule in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Kosei Terada, Takashi Kubo, Takeyoshi Kameyama, Yoshiki Matsuo, Yasushi Ino, Hiroki Emori, Daisuke Higashioka, Yosuke Katayama, Amir Kh.M. Khalifa, Masahiro Takahata, Kunihiro Shimamura, Yasutsugu Shiono, Atsushi Tanaka, Takeshi Hozumi, Ryan D. Madder, Takashi Akasaka
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2020)
15277 Malignancy rates and comparisons to the general US population through 3 years of follow-up in guselkumab-treated patients with moderate to severe psoriasis from the VOYAGE 1 and 2 trials
Authors: Kim A. Papp, Kristian Reich, Ken B. Gordon, Alexa B. Kimball, Paraneedharan Ramachandran, Andrew Blauvelt, Mark Lebwohl, Michael Song, Paraneedharan Ramachandran, Bruce Randazzo, Yaung-Kaung Shen
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Therapeutic Targeting of Metadherin Suppresses Colorectal and Lung Cancer Progression and Metastasis
Authors: Minhong Shen, Shanshan Xie, Michelle Rowicki, Sven Michel, Yong Wei, Xiang Hang, Liling Wan, Xin Lu, Min Yuan, John F. Jin, Frank Jaschinski, Tianhua Zhou, Richard Klar, Yibin Kang
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Colorectal and lung cancers account for one-third of all cancer-related deaths worldwide. Previous studies suggested that metadherin (MTDH) is involved in the development of colorectal and lung cancers. However, how MTDH regulates the pathogenesis of these cancers remains largely unknown. Using genetically modified mouse models of spontaneous colorectal and lung cancers, we found that MTDH promotes cancer progression by facilitating Wnt activation and by inducing cytotoxic T-cell exhaustion, respectively. Moreover, we developed locked nucleic acid-modified (LNA) MTDH antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) that effectively and specifically suppress MTDH expression in vitro and in vivo. Treatments with MTDH ASOs in mouse models significantly attenuated progression and metastasis of colorectal, lung, and breast cancers. Our study opens a new avenue for developing therapies against colorectal and lung cancers by targeting MTDH using LNA-modified ASO. Significance: This study provides new insights into the mechanism of MTDH in promoting colorectal and lung cancers, as well as genetic and pharmacologic evidence supporting the development of MTDH-targeting therapeutics.
Neoliberal economics, planetary health, and the COVID-19 pandemic: a Marxist ecofeminist analysis
Authors: Simon Mair
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2020)

Planetary health sees neoliberal capitalism as a key mediator of socioecological crises, a position that is echoed in much COVID-19 commentary. In this Personal View, I set out an economic theory that emphasises some of the ways in which neoliberal capitalism's conceptualisation of value has mediated responses to COVID-19. Using the intersection of ecological, feminist, and Marxist economics, I develop an analysis of neoliberal capitalism as a specific historical form of the economy. I identify the accumulation of exchange value as a central tendency of neoliberal capitalism and argue that this tendency creates barriers to the production of other forms of value. I then analyse the implications of this tendency in the context of responses to COVID-19. I argue that resources and labour flow to the production of exchange value, at the expense of production of other value forms. Consequently, the global capitalist economy has unprecedented productive capacity but uses little of this capacity to create the conditions that improve and maintain people's health. To be more resilient to coming crises, academics, policy makers, and activists should do theoretical work that enables global economies to recognise multiple forms of value and political work that embeds these theories in societal institutions.
Association of Maternal Comorbidity With Severe Maternal Morbidity: A Cohort Study of California Mothers Delivering Between 1997 and 2014
Authors: Elliott K. Main, Stephanie A. Leonard, M. Kathryn Menard
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Rates of maternal mortality and severe maternal morbidity (SMM) are higher in the United States than in other high-resource countries and are increasing further.To examine the association of maternal comorbid conditions, age, body mass index, and previous cesarean birth with occurrence of SMM.Population-based cohort study using linked delivery hospitalization discharge data and vital records.California, 1997 to 2014.All 9 179 472 mothers delivering in California during 1997 to 2014.SMM rate, total and without transfusion-only cases; 2019 maternal comorbidity index.Total SMM increased by 160% during this time, and SMM excluding transfusion-only cases increased by 53%. Medical comorbid conditions were associated with an increasing portion of SMM occurrences. Medical comorbid conditions increased over the study period by 111%, and obstetric comorbid conditions increased by 30% to 40%. Identified medical comorbid conditions had high relative risks ranging from 1.3 to 14.3 for total SMM and even higher relative risks for nontransfusion SMM (to 32.4). The obstetric comorbidity index that is most often used may be undervaluing the degree of association with SMM.Hospital discharge diagnosis files and birth certificate records can have misclassifications and may not include all relevant clinical data or social determinants. The period for analysis ended in 2014 to avoid the transition to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification, and therefore missed more recent years.Obstetric and, particularly, medical comorbid conditions are increasing among women who develop SMM. The maternal comorbidity index is a promising tool for patient risk assessment and case-mix adjustment, but refinement of factor weights may be indicated.National Institutes of Health.
Neurological and vascular complications of primary and secondary brain tumours: EANO-ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for prophylaxis, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up
Authors: P. Roth, A. Pace, E. Le Rhun, M. Weller, C. Ay, E. Cohen-Jonathan Moyal, M. Coomans, R. Giusti, K. Jordan, R. Nishikawa, F. Winkler, J.T. Hong, R. Ruda, S. Villà, M.J.B. Taphoorn, W. Wick, M. Preusser
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
Covid-19 vaccine: we are sleepwalking into a massive prospective cohort study
Authors: Hamish Duncan
Journal: BMJ (2020)

<h3>Objective</h3> To investigate a method of minimally invasive surfactant therapy (MIST) to be used in spontaneously breathing preterm infants on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), evaluating the feasibility of the technique and the therapeutic benefit after MIST. <h3>Design</h3> Non-randomised feasibility study. <h3>Setting</h3> Tertiary neonatal intensive care unit. <h3>Patients and interventions</h3> Study subjects were preterm infants with respiratory distress supported with CPAP, with early enrolment of 25–28-week infants (n=11) at any CPAP pressure and fractional inspired O<sub>2</sub> concentration (FiO<sub>2</sub>), and enrolment of 29–34-week infants (n=14) at CPAP pressure ≥7 cm H<sub>2</sub>O and FiO<sub>2</sub> ≥0.35. Without premedication, a 16 gauge vascular catheter was inserted through the vocal cords under direct vision. Porcine surfactant (∼100 mg/kg) was then instilled, followed by reinstitution of CPAP. <h3>Measurements and results</h3> Respiratory indices were documented for 4 h following MIST, and neonatal outcomes ascertained. In all cases, surfactant was successfully administered and CPAP re-established. Coughing (32%) and bradycardia (44%) were transiently noted, and 44% received positive pressure inflations. There was a clear surfactant effect, with lower FiO<sub>2</sub> after MIST (pre-MIST: 0.39±0.092 (mean±SD); 4 h: 0.26±0.093; p&lt;0.01), and a modest reduction in CPAP pressure. Adverse outcomes were few: intubation within 72 h (n=3), pneumothorax (n=1), chronic lung disease (n=3) and death (n=1), all in the 25–28-week group. Outcome was otherwise favourable in both gestation groups, with a trend towards reduction in intubation in the first 72 h in the 25–28-week infants compared with historical controls. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Surfactant can be effectively delivered via a vascular catheter, and this method of MIST deserves further investigation.
301MO Genomic HLA as a predictive biomarker for survival among non-small cell lung cancer patient treated with single agent immunotherapy
Authors: A. Abed, L. Calapre, J. Lo, S. Correia, S. Bowyer, A. Chopra, M. Watson, M. Khattak, M. Millward, E. Gray
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)