tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Liver fibrosis and metabolic alterations in adults with homozygous alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency (PiZZ genotype)
Authors: K. Hamesch, V. Woditsch, M. Mandorfer, L.S. Moeller, Vítor Pereira, M.P. Delgado, M.C. Reichert, C.V. Heimes, J. Voss, I. Spivak, N. Gueldiken, A. Arslanow, B. Schaefer, H. Zoller, E. Aigner, T. Reiberger, W. Martin, B. Siegmund, Y. Eray, B. Danilo, J. Stolk, W. Gleiber, V. Knipel, W. Windisch, R. Bals, A.R. Koczulla, M. Miravitlles, S. Janciauskiene, J. Genesca, F. Lammert, M. Trauner, A. Krag, C. Trautwein, P. Strnad
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
Determining the optimal number of lung ultrasound zones to monitor COVID-19 patients: can we keep it ultra-short and ultra-simple?
Authors: Micah L. A. Heldeweg, Arthur W. E. Lieveld, Harm J. de Grooth, Leo M. A. Heunks, Pieter R. Tuinman, Micah L. A. Heldeweg, Arthur W. E. Lieveld, Mark E. Haaksma, Jasper M. Smit, Jorge E. Lopez Matta, Carlos V. Elzo Kraemer, David J. Westerloo, Pieter R. Tuinman
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2021)
Size‐Confined Effects of Nanostructures on Fibronectin‐Induced Macrophage Inflammation on Titanium Implants
Authors: Haoning Qi, Miusi Shi, Yueqi Ni, Wenting Mo, Peng Zhang, Shuting Jiang, Yufeng Zhang, Xuliang Deng
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2021)

Abstract Macrophage activation determines the fate of biomaterials implantation. Though researches have shown that fibronectin (FN) is highly involved in integrin‐induced macrophage activation on biomaterials, the mechanism of how nanosized structure affects macrophage behavior is still unknown. Here, titanium dioxide nanotube structures with different sizes are fabricated to investigate the effects of nanostructure on macrophage activation. Compared with larger sized nanotubes and smooth surface, 30 nm nanotubes exhibit considerable lesser pro‐inflammatory properties on macrophage differentiation. Confocal protein observation and molecular dynamics simulation show that FN displays conformation changes on different nanotubes in a feature of “size‐confined,” which causes the hiding of Arg‐Gly‐Asp (RGD) domain on other surfaces. The matching size of nanotube with FN allows the maximum exposure of RGD on 30 nm nanotubes, activating integrin‐mediated focal adhesion kinase (FAK)‐phosphatidylinositol‐3 kinase γ (PI3K γ) pathway to inhibit nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐ κ B) signaling. In conclusion, this study explains the mechanism of nanostructural‐biological signaling transduction in protein and molecular levels, as well as proposes a promising strategy for surface modification to regulate immune responses on bioimplants.
Doctor who left post at emergency department to collect takeaway food is struck off
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2021)

A locum doctor who left his post at a hospital emergency department without notice to collect takeout food has been struck off by a medical practitioners tribunal, which found that he forged third party statements sent to the tribunal about his own disciplinary case.

Peter Kizito also tried to deceive two prospective employers by using a false email address and forging references from a former colleague, the tribunal found. He told colleagues he had worked at a …
Same room - different windows? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the relationship between self-report and neuropsychological tests of cognitive flexibility in healthy adults
Authors: Caitlin A. Howlett, Michael A. Wewege, Carolyn Berryman, Annika Oldach, Elizabeth Jennings, Emily Moore, Emma L. Karran, Kimberley Szeto, Leander Pronk, Stephanie Miles, G. Lorimer Moseley
Journal: Clinical Psychology Review (2021)
The Beirut Port explosion: injury trends from a mass survey of emergency admissions
Authors: Hana A Mansour, Eugenie Bitar, Youssef Fares, Assad A Makdessi, Antoine Maalouf, Mahmoud El Ghoul, Mohamad A Mansour, Antoine Chami, Michel Khalil, Alex Jalkh, Daniel Cherfan, Jawad Fares, Fadlo R Khuri, Ahmad M Mansour
Journal: The Lancet (2021)
Abstract 425: A Sign of ST-Segment Elevation Predicts Type 1 Myocardial Infarction in Patients Resuscitated From Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Nozomi Kotoku, Takumi Higuma, Yuki Ishibashi, Toshiki Kaihara, Shingo Kuwata, Masashi Koga, Takanobu Mitarai, Ryo Kamijima, Kihei Yoneyama, Yasuhiro Tanabe, Yoshihiro J Akashi
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Emergent coronary angiogram (CAG) followed if necessary by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are currently a standard strategy in patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest with acute myocardial infarction (MI), especially in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Spontaneous MI is related to a coronary plaque disruption with resulting intraluminal thrombosis, which is defined as type 1 MI by the universal definition of MI. For type 1 MI, the management includes early CAG and revascularization as appropriate. The aim of this study was to identify the predictor of type 1 MI in patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest. Methods and Results: A total of 74 patients who underwent immediate CAG after successful resuscitation from in-hospital and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest between January 2015 and December 2016 were analysed. Based on immediate CAG, 44 patients (59.5%) were diagnosed as type1 MI, and 39 (88.6%) of these patients underwent primary PCI after immediate CAG. A sign of ST-segment elevation after resuscitation was more frequently observed in patients with type 1 MI than in those without (71.1% vs. 6.9%, p&lt;0.01). Prevalence of ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia as an initial rhythm did not differ between patients with and without type 1 MI (71.1% vs 62.1%, p=0.454). Even after adjusted for possible confounders, ST-segment elevation remained associated with type 1 MI (odds ratio: 89.0, 95% confidence interval 4.3 to 1824.7: p&lt;0.01). Diagnosis by ST-segment elevation resulted in sensitivity of 71.1%, specificity of 93.1%, positive predictive value of 94.1% and negative predictive value of 67.5% for type 1 MI. Conclusions: Among patients who had been successfully resuscitated after cardiac arrest, ST-segment elevation on electrocardiography was a powerful predictor for type1 MI. A sign of ST-segment elevation is useful for rule in decision-making to determine the early invasive strategy.
Remission, treatment failure, and relapse in pediatric ALL: an international consensus of the Ponte-di-Legno Consortium
Authors: Swantje Buchmann, Martin Schrappe, Andre Baruchel, Andrea Biondi, Michael Borowitz, Myriam Campbell, Gunnar Cario, Giovanni Cazzaniga, Gabriele Escherich, Christine J. Harrison, Mats Heyman, Stephen P. Hunger, Csongor Kiss, Hsi-Che Liu, Franco Locatelli, Mignon L. Loh, Atsushi Manabe, Georg Mann, Rob Pieters, Ching-Hon Pui, Susana Rives, Kjeld Schmiegelow, Lewis B. Silverman, Jan Stary, Ajay Vora, Patrick Brown
Journal: Blood (2021)
Topotecan Plus Cytarabine Is an Effective and Safe Regimen for Newly Diagnosed and Adverse ELN-Risk Acute Myeloid Leukemia Subset in Patients with Cardiac Comorbidities
Authors: Clemence Marcault, Geoffroy Venton, Lauris Gastaud, Lionel Mannone, Jerome Rey, Evelyne D'Incan, Colombe Saillard, Aude Charbonnier, Sophie Raynaud, Norbert Vey, Thomas Cluzeau
Journal: Blood (2017)
Abstract 135: Thoracic Aortic Wall Tension Regulates microRNA-133a Abundance
Authors: Adam W Akerman, Elizabeth K Nadeau, Robert E Stroud, Rupak Mukherjee, John S Ikonomidis, Jeffery A Jones
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

Background: MicroRNA-133a (miR133a) is a small non-coding RNA, which represses the translation of multiple mRNAs. This laboratory has reported an inverse relationship between aortic diameter and miR133a abundance in aortic tissue from patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA); as diameter increased, the abundance of miR133a decreased. Given that wall tension at a given pressure increases with increasing vessel diameter (Law of LaPlace), this study tested the hypothesis that elevated aortic wall tension results in a loss of miR-133a. Methods/Results: TAA was induced in wild type mice using an established murine model (0.5M CaCl 2 application, 15 min). MiR133a abundance (QPCR) was reduced in TAA tissue (3-wk TAA, 42.1±8.6% p&lt;0.05 vs mice without TAA (100%)). In two in vivo models of elevated wall tension ( simulated hypertension ): 1) ANGII (angiotensin II infusion; 1.44mg/kg/day), and 2) BPH2 (spontaneously hypertensive mice, The Jackson Laboratory, Stock #003005), miR133a levels were decreased compared to normotensive controls (ANGII: 53.0±4.3%; BPH2: 51.7±7.0%; p&lt;0.05 vs normotensive control (100%)). Aortic rings from wild type mice were hung on parallel wires in an ex vivo tissue myograph at 0.7 g, then ANGII (100nM) was added to the tissue baths, which generated increased tension (1.21±0.15g) and resulted in reduced tissue miR133a abundance (46.0±12%; p&lt;0.05 vs no AngII,). Furthermore, increased tension alone (1.5g, 3 hr) resulted in decreased tissue miR133a abundance (39.0±7.0%; p&lt;0.05 vs 0.7 g tension). Isolated primary aortic cell lines (fibroblasts (FB) and smooth muscle cells (SMC)) were exposed to biaxial cyclic stretch for 3 hr. FB miR133a was reduced (62.8±8.3%; p&lt;0.05 vs unstretched control (100%)), while SMC miR133a abundance remained unchanged. Conclusion: The significance of these unique findings is 2-fold: First, tension alone was sufficient to decrease miR133a abundance in aortic tissue. Second, increased tension reduced miR133a abundance in FB, a cell type that is responsible for extracellular matrix remodeling. These findings suggest changes in wall tension alone ( hypertension ) may be associated with pathological extracellular matrix remodeling, in part, through the loss of miR133a in fibroblasts.
Combined analysis of IGHV mutations, telomere length and CD49d identifies long-term progression-free survivors in TP53 wild-type CLL treated with FCR-based therapies
Authors: Andrea G. S. Pepper, Antonella Zucchetto, Kevin Norris, Erika Tissino, Jerry Polesel, Zarni Soe, David Allsup, Anna Hockaday, Pei Loo Ow, Peter Hillmen, Andrew Rawstron, Daniel Catovsky, Pietro Bulian, Riccardo Bomben, Duncan M. Baird, Christopher D. Fegan, Valter Gattei, Chris Pepper
Journal: Leukemia (2021)
Incidence of Early Police Contact Among Children With Emerging Mental Health Problems in Australia
Authors: Kimberlie Dean, Tyson Whitten, Stacy Tzoumakis, Kristin R. Laurens, Felicity Harris, Vaughan J. Carr, Melissa J. Green
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

<h3>Importance</h3> In adulthood and adolescence, mental health vulnerability is known to be associated with risk of criminal justice system contact as both a perpetrator and survivor of crime, but whether this association is apparent early in child development is unknown. Prevention of poor outcomes, including repeated contact with the criminal justice system, relies on the identification of vulnerability early in life and at the start of such contact. <h3>Objective</h3> To ascertain whether children with emotional or behavioral problems and general developmental vulnerabilities are at an increased risk of subsequent contact with police as a person of interest, a survivor of crime, or a witness. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This cohort study used routinely collected data from the New South Wales Child Development Study in Australia. The cohort was composed of children who entered full-time schooling in New South Wales in 2009, had complete data for the emotional maturity domain of the Australian Early Development Census, and had no police contact before January 1, 2009. The children in the cohort were followed up until the age of 13 years. Data were analyzed from October 17, 2019, to May 13, 2020. <h3>Exposures</h3> Emotional or behavioral problems and developmental risk profiles derived from the teacher-rated Australian Early Development Census. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Incidence rates of police contact (as a person of interest, survivor of crime, or witness) were derived from the New South Wales Police Force Computerised Operational Policing System. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 79 801 children (40 584 boys [50.9%]; 2009 mean [SD] age, 5.2 [0.37] years) were included. Children with teacher-identified emotional or behavioral problems at school entry had an incidence rate of police contact (for any reason) that was twice that of children without such problems (unadjusted hazard ratio [HR], 2.14; 95% CI, 1.94-2.37). Contact with police as a survivor of crime was most commonly recorded (7350 [9.2%]), but the strength of the association was greatest between emotional or behavioral problems and police contact as a person of interest (unadjusted HR, 4.75; 95% CI, 3.64-6.19). Incidence of police contact as a person of interest was high for children with a pervasive developmental risk profile (unadjusted HR, 13.80; 95% CI, 9.79-19.45). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> This study found an association of emerging emotional or behavioral problems and developmental vulnerabilities with increased risk of police contact for any reason among young children, suggesting that this well-known association in adults and adolescents can be identified at an earlier developmental stage. These findings support primary and secondary interventions to prevent police contact early in life and to target the earliest contacts with the criminal justice and educational systems.
David Oliver: Why shouldn’t GPs use social media to rebalance the debate on covid-era consultations?
Authors: David Oliver
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Barney Calman: "All you GP face-to-face refuseniks take note: if I can read your Twitter rants, so can your patients." 1 This accompanied an article about a patient's personal experience, whose burst appendix had been diagnosed only after an urgent trip to the emergency department when she was unable to secure a face-to-face GP appointment.Calman has received dozens of stories from readers unable to get face-to-face GP access and claimed that, despite existing pressures in primary care, this had got worse since pandemic measures took effect in March 2020.National patient surveys by Healthwatch England, the Health Foundation, and Ipsos Mori have flagged similar worries about access during the pandemic. 2 3
Abstract 11889: Principle Component Analysis of Flow Propagation Through Fontan Circulation Identifies Characteristics Associated With Single Ventricle Functional Performance
Authors: Michal Schafer, Benjamin Frank, Max B Mitchell, James Jaggers, Lorna Browne, Alex Barker, Gareth Morgan, Kendall S Hunter, Dunbar D Ivy, Adel K Younoszai, Michael Di Maria
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: The Fontan circulation is characterized by passive flow through the lungs, without a subpulmonary ventricle. However, flow through the Fontan circulation still exhibits oscillatory wa...
How can countries create outbreak response policies that are sensitive to maternal health?
Authors: Maira L S Takemoto, Gillian McKay, Melania Amorim, Cady N Gbomosa, Angus F Tengbeh, Clare Wenham
Journal: BMJ (2021)

How can countries create outbreak response policies that are sensitive to maternal health?Ensuring women's need for sexual and reproductive healthcare are met should be a priority during disease outbreaks, say Maira L S Takemoto and colleagues E pidemics and pandemics can have a serious effect on maternal health and healthcare, with dire outcomes for women, newborns, and their families. 1Covid-19 is no exception.Covid-19 has direct clinical consequences for maternal health, including preterm births, maternal deaths, and near misses. 24][5] Public health interventions to contain covid-19 were expected to have less effect on people's lives than not doing anything, which might have led to a collapsed health system incapable of providing care.To mitigate the effect of the outbreak, policies are needed that are sensitive to maternal health.Using experience from Ebola, Zika, and covid-19, we outline some strategies that can ensure continuity of maternal care during crises, examining supply, demand, and structural challenges.19 can highlight policies which minimise the impact on this group of women• Efforts should be made to incorporate such approaches into pandemic preparedness and responses on 19 July
A Magnetically Powered Stem Cell‐Based Microrobot for Minimally Invasive Stem Cell Delivery via the Intranasal Pathway in a Mouse Brain
Authors: Sungwoong Jeon, Sun Hwa Park, Eunhee Kim, Jin‐young Kim, Sung Won Kim, Hongsoo Choi
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2021)

Abstract Targeted stem cell delivery with microrobots has emerged as a potential alternative therapeutic strategy in regenerative medicine, and intranasal administration is an effective approach for minimally invasive delivery of therapeutic agents into the brain. In this study, a magnetically powered stem cell‐based microrobot (“Cellbot”) is used for minimally invasive targeted stem cell delivery to the brain through the intranasal passage. The Cellbot is developed by internalizing superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) into human nasal turbinate stem cells. The SPIONs have no influence on hNTSC characteristics, including morphology, cell viability, and neuronal differentiation. The Cellbots are capable of proliferation and differentiation into neurons, neural precursor cells, and neurogliocytes. The Cellbots in the microfluidic channel can be reliably manipulated by an external magnetic field for orientation and position control. Using an ex vivo model based on brain organoids, it is determined that the Cellbots can be transplanted into brain tissue. Using a murine model, it is demonstrated that the Cellbots can be intranasally administered and magnetically guided to the target tissue in vivo. This approach has the potential to effectively treat central nervous system disorders in a minimally invasive manner.
An Activatable Probe with Aggregation‐Induced Emission for Detecting and Imaging Herbal Medicine Induced Liver Injury with Optoacoustic Imaging and NIR‐II Fluorescence Imaging
Authors: Lihe Sun, Juan Ouyang, Yunqing Ma, Zhuo Zeng, Cheng Zeng, Fang Zeng, Shuizhu Wu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2021)

Abstract Whilte herbal medicines are widely used for health promotion and therapy for chronic conditions, inappropriate use of them may cause adverse effects like liver injury, and accurately evaluating their hepatotoxicity is of great significance for public health. Herein, an activatable probe QY‐N for diagnosing herbal‐medicine‐induced liver injury by detecting hepatic NO with NIR‐II fluorescence and multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) imaging is demonstrated. The probe includes a bismethoxyphenyl‐amine‐containing dihydroxanthene serving as electron donor, a quinolinium as electron acceptor, and a butylamine as recognition group and fluorescence quencher. The hepatic level of NO reacts with butylamine, thereby generating the activated probe QY‐NO which exhibits a red‐shifted absorption band (700–850 nm) for optoacoustic imaging and generates strong emission (910–1110 nm) for NIR‐II fluorescence imaging. QY‐NO is aggregation‐induced‐emission (AIE) active, which ensures strong emission in aggregated state. QY‐N is utilized in the triptolide‐induced liver injury mouse model, and experimental results demonstrate the QY‐N can be activated by hepatic NO and thus be used in detecting herbal‐medicine‐induced liver injury. The temporal and spatial information provided by three‐dimensional MSOT images well delineates the site and size of liver injury. Moreover, QY‐N has also been employed to monitor rehabilitation of liver injury during treatment process.
Response to Trastuzumab and Lapatinib in a Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Harboring HER2 Amplification and HER2 S310F Mutation
Authors: Chongkai Wang, Marwan Fakih
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2021)

Dual HER2-targeted therapy has been associated with clinical responses and prolonged progression-free survival and overall survival in RAS -wild type HER2 -amplified colorectal cancer (CRC). However, no clinical benefits have been reported in patients with CRC with HER2 mutations. Activated HER2 mutations have been largely deemed resistant to trastuzumab and to dual HER2 targeting. This report describes a patient with metastatic CRC with concurrent HER2 amplification and a HER2 S310F mutation, which is an active mutation located in the extracellular dimerization domain of HER2. Treatment with trastuzumab + lapatinib resulted in an excellent response that lasted for 10 months. Upon disease progression, treatment with the antibody–drug conjugate trastuzumab–deruxtecan resulted in a short-lived response. This is the first case report of successful HER2 targeting in metastatic CRC with concurrent HER2 amplification and a HER2 S310F mutation.
Difficult scientific evaluation of rare disease management: Peutz–Jeghers syndrome
Authors: Jean-Christophe Saurin
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Peutz–Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is a very rare (probably < 1 person per 100 000) autosomal dominant polyposis syndrome first described as a case report in the early 1920 s by Dutch internist Jan Peutz. The main diagnostic features of the syndrome are polyposis of the upper and lower digestive tract, with small-bowel predominance, and the presence of pigmented macules on lips and oral mucosa (melanosis). The rarity of PJS justifies the management of patients in a few expert centers, as recommended by the most recent European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) guidelines published in 2019 [1].
Abstract 16933: A Decision Aid for the Use of PCSK9 Inhibitors in Patients With Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Medhat Farwati, Kevin Shaw, Ian G Hargraves, Victor M Montori, Iftikhar J Kullo
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a common inherited disorder of lipid metabolism. FH patients are at an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) due to elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Patients with FH may not reach target LDL-C levels despite maximally tolerated statin (±ezetimibe) therapy (MTT). The AHA scientific statement on FH highlighted the need for developing decision aids (DAs) to facilitate shared decision making (SDM) regarding additional therapy including PCSK9 inhibitors. Methods: A user-centered design process was initiated to understand FH treatment decisions and to develop prototype interventions. Patients with FH had their diagnosis confirmed by genetic testing. Encounters between FH patients and health care providers were video recorded and analyzed to assess how decisions are made regarding lipid lowering therapy. Nine encounters were recorded: 3 with a genetic counselor and 6 with an FH specialist. Informed by clinical encounters and literature review, we developed content for a DA related to available therapeutic options for FH patients on MTT. Results: A prototype online DA was created to support in-encounter discussion of a patient’s risk of adverse cardiovascular events and which therapies may be best suited to the patient (Figure). 5 and 10-year ASCVD risk is estimated using the SAFEHEART Risk Score (SRS). Risk is communicated in numbers using a 100-person icon array and the language “Out of 100 persons like you...”. Therapeutic options include watchful waiting, bile acid sequestrants, and PCSK9 inhibitors. For each option, the degree of risk reduction, costs, and side effects are presented. The tool is currently being refined by analyzing additional encounters with FH patients. Conclusion: We developed an interactive prototype DA to facilitate SDM for FH patients on MTT. After further iterative testing the tool will be deployed in the electronic health record.