tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 16945: Total Artificial Heart Implantation in Patients With Intractable Ventricular Arrhythmias
Authors: Zackary Tushak, Amar Doshi, Mohammed Quader, Keyur B Shah
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) are pathological rhythms that are often incompatible with life and require decisive intervention. If the rhythm is refractory to treatment or causes hemodynamic compromise, mechanical support devices may be required. Oftentimes, patients with underlying heart failure do very poorly with VAs, requiring a higher level of support than can be achieved by most devices, with the exception of LVADs and TAHs. Mechanistically, a TAH is an orthotopic pneumatic biventricular mechanical support device that requires removal of the native cardiac ventricles and replacement with two artificial ventricles. Due to the nature of the procedure, the ventricular substrate, which causes VAs, is removed and the patient receives biventricular mechanical support. This case series retrospectively follows eight patients requiring implantation of a TAH due to intractable VAs between 06/2008 and 03/2017 at VCU Health. On arrival, all patients were in multiorgan failure and requiring hemodynamic support, including a varied combination of support devices, inotropes, and/or pressors. The median time of admission to implantation was 12.6 days. Major adverse events included cerebral vascular attack (CVA), significant bleeding requiring surgical intervention, and surgical site infection. Three patients had ischemic CVAs, three had significant mediastinal hematoma resulting in tamponade requiring intervention, and two had significant operative site infections requiring antibiotics and surgery. Of the original eight patients, six went on to undergo an orthotopic heart transplant, all were alive at one year follow-up. While adverse events can be serious and should be considered when evaluating for implantation, the use of a TAH can be beneficial in patients with intractable VAs and can be used to successfully stabilize patients who would otherwise perish.
Poster Exhibition : Comparison of Surrogate Serum Markers and Transient Elastography (Fibroscan) for Assessing Cirrhosis in Patients with Chronic Viral Hepatitis (초)
Authors: Myoung Hee Lee, Jae Youn Cheong, Soon Ho Um, Yeon Seok Seo, Dong Joon Kim, Seong Gyu Hwang, Jin Mo Yang, Kwqn Hyub Han, Sung Won Cho
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2009)
Endogenous retroviruses in the origins and treatment of cancer
Authors: Natasha Jansz, Geoffrey J. Faulkner
Journal: Genome biology (2021)

Abstract Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are emerging as promising therapeutic targets in cancer. As remnants of ancient retroviral infections, ERV-derived regulatory elements coordinate expression from gene networks, including those underpinning embryogenesis and immune cell function. ERV activation can promote an interferon response, a phenomenon termed viral mimicry. Although ERV expression is associated with cancer, and provisionally with autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases, ERV-mediated inflammation is being explored as a way to sensitize tumors to immunotherapy. Here we review ERV co-option in development and innate immunity, the aberrant contribution of ERVs to tumorigenesis, and the wider biomedical potential of therapies directed at ERVs.
Abstract 14741: Autologous Cd34+ Cells (clbs119) for Repair of Covid-19 Induced Microvascular Lung Damage: Rationale and Study Design
Authors: Douglas W Losordo, Christine Kotynski, Ronnda Bartel, Hiroshi Takagi, Jian Wang, Michelle Lewis, William K Sietsema, Daniel Sterman, Alan Harris
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Early evidence from COVID-19 patients and autopsy series indicates that moderate to severe cases are accompanied by damage to the pulmonary endothelium and microcirculation. These data indicate that SARS-CoV-2 infection is particularly avid for lung microvascular endothelium, reflecting endothelial cell infection, inflammation, and focal thrombi occluding the pulmonary circulation leading to progressive fibrosis reminiscent of endothelial-mesenchymal transition. This appears to be a potential mechanism by which COVID-19 causes progressive fibrotic changes, impairment in the pulmonary vasculature, and loss of lung function that persists after acute recovery. Early data from the SARS-CoV-1 epidemic indicated that CD34+ cells in the lung could also be a target of infection and that destruction of lung CD34+ progenitors could account for persistence of pulmonary manifestations. Preclinical studies reveal that restoration of microvasculature in the lung can trigger and sustain regeneration of lung tissue. The microvascular repair function of CD34+ has been documented in preclinical models and multiple human trials in ischemic tissue repair. Accordingly, we designed a clinical trial to evaluate autologous CD34+ cells (CLBS119) for amelioration/repair of COVID-19 lung damage. Subjects must be hospitalized for COVID-19 and have ongoing pulmonary involvement based on room air hypoxia. The study will include approximately 50% of subjects who cannot be liberated from ventilatory support. CD34+ cells will be mobilized with plerixafor and selected from the mononuclear fraction following apheresis. Doses up to 500 x 10 6 cells will be administered IV. Subjects will receive a single administration of cells. Key measures will include assessment of oxygenation, need for supplemental oxygen, pulmonary function assessments, radiographic assessments, and biomarkers. Subjects will be followed for 6 months following administration. Interim findings will be presented.
Airborne transmission of covid-19: reduce the viral load in inhaled air
Authors: Graham J Walker, Stephen Foster
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Congenital heart disease (CHD) remains a leading cause of infant mortality, which is even higher in infants with undiagnosed duct-dependent CHDs. Up to 39%–50% of infants with critical CHD are being discharged undiagnosed from the hospital. Infants with duct-dependent critical CHD remain well during the fetal period and may deteriorate when the ductus arteriosus (commonly called ‘duct’) closes after birth. It is critical to open or maintain ductus arteriosus patent in infants with duct-dependent CHDs. Prostaglandin E1 (alprostadil marketed as ‘Prostin VR ’) and prostaglandin E2 (dinoprostone) are used to maintain a patent ductus arteriosus and the dose of medication depends on the clinical presentation. Delay in starting prostaglandin infusion can have deleterious effects on infants and can even lead to death. These infants often present as an emergency, and professionals caring for these infants need to have a good understanding of these conditions and medications used for ductal patency.
Abstract 18647: Functional Evaluation of a Patient-specific 3D Printed Model of Aortic Regurgitation
Authors: Marija Vukicevic, Dimitrios Maragiannis, Matthew Jackson, Stephen H Little
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Quantification of aortic regurgitation (AR) can be challenging using non-invasive imaging methods. In vitro simulation of patient-specific AR would allow reference standard measurement of the regurgitant flow volume and a comparison against Doppler methods of AR quantification. Hypothesis: We sought to build a functional patient-specific 3D printed model of the aortic valve (AV) and to replicate AR Doppler parameters recorded during a clinical echocardiogram. Methods: We identified a clinical multi-detector CT dataset (mid-diastolic phase) of a selected patient with generative AV disease and mild AR. Segmentation software was used to segment the calcified and non-calcified components of the aortic root. Fused-material 3D printed was used to create a patient-specific physical model of the aortic root, AV cusps, regional calcification and left ventricle. The 3D model was coupled to a flow loop to replicate the trans-valvular hemodynamic conditions recorded during a clinical echocardiogram. The accuracy of hemodynamic replication was evaluated using Doppler imaging and compared to the clinical study. Results: Functional Doppler imaging of the 3D printed model demonstrated similar quantitative parameters to the clinical Doppler findings, respectively; peak velocity 4.6 vs 4.7 m/s; regurgitant time 460 vs 458 ms; pressure half time 312 vs 331 ms; time-velocity index 167vs 162 cm. Regurgitant jets were qualitatively similar. Doppler velocity profiles for the patient and the 3D model, shown in Figure 1. We demonstrate an in vitro method to mimic and quantify AR using patient-specific anatomic and functional 3D modeling. Conclusion: We describe the development of a functional patient-specific 3D printed model of the AV replicating both the geometry and function of AV regurgitation. This initial functional modeling may extend to studies of AR severity using novel imaging modalities (e.g. 3D color Doppler) or structural heart interventions.
Immune cells—A curse and a blessing!
Authors: Valbona Mirakaj
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2021)

Innate immune cells are crucial in the development and regulation of cardiovascular disease. In this issue, two groups, Davis et al. (2021. J. Exp. Med.https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20201839) and Li et al. (2021. J. Exp. Med.https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20210008) describe the impact of the innate immune system on the development of cardiovascular disease.
Ectaticかつ血栓豊富であったRecent MIの1例-吸引血栓の病理所見を踏まえて
Authors: 仲間達也, 三根大悟, 下村光洋, 西平賢作, 野村勝政, 松山明彦, 石川哲憲, 柴田剛徳, 畠山金太, 浅田祐士郎
Journal: Circulation (2008)
The Appropriate Approach to Dual Drainage Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection
Authors: Ehsan Khalilipur, Zahra Khajali, Ata Firouzi, Zahra Hosseini
Journal: Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions (2021)

Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection (PAPVC) is a remarkably unusual congenital disorder in which the venous circulation is connected with one or more pulmonary veins. Approximately 90% of all PAPVCs start from the right lung, 7% start from the left lung, and 3% of patients are found to have two-side PAPVCs. Occasionally, PAPVC can be treated percutaneously employing an occlusion device, with regard that when there is a dual drainage PAPVC. Here, we want to share our experience in 5 dual drainages PAPVC patients whose 2 right-sided PAPVC's with dual drainage closure were unsuccessful. We also reviewed all published cases which were tried to treat percutaneously to build a pathway in which percutaneous closure is more feasible in addition to inhibit futile efforts.
Abstract 14799: Cardiovascular Risk Stratification and Efficacy of Dapagliflozin on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the DECLARE-TIMI 58 Trial
Authors: Kazuma Oyama, Stephen D Wiviott, Itamar RAZ, Avivit Cahn, Erica Goodrich, Deepak L Bhatt, Lawrence Leiter, Darren K McGuire, JOHN WILDING, Ingrid A Gause-nilsson, ofri Mosenzon, Marc S Sabatine, Erin A Bohula
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: In DECLARE-TIMI 58, the SGLT-2 inhibitor, dapagliflozin reduced the risk of the composite of cardiovascular death (CVD) or hospitalization for heart failure (HHF), and renal-specific outcomes in a broad range of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The TIMI Risk Score for Secondary Prevention (TRS 2°P) is a clinical risk score developed in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) that provides risk stratification. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that the TRS 2°P would provide risk stratification in this population and that dapagliflozin would provide cardiovascular protection regardless of risk. Methods: DECLARE-TIMI 58 included patients with T2DM and either multiple risk factors or established ASCVD. Patients were stratified into 3 risk categories based on the 10-point TRS 2°P (see Figure , low: 1 or 2 points, intermediate: 3 points, or high: ≥4 points). Outcomes were major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (CVD, myocardial infarction, or ischemic stroke), CVD/HHF, components for MACE, and renal-specific composite outcomes. Results: Low, intermediate, or high risk, comprised respectively 49.8%, 31.2%, and 19.0% of the total of 17159 patients. In the placebo arm, increasing risk category was associated with a higher risk of all the outcomes of interest across risk categories (P-trend&lt;0.001 for each) ( Figure ). The C-statistics were 0.67 for MACE and 0.72 for CVD/HHF in the placebo arm. Relative risk reductions in CVD/HHF and renal-specific composite outcomes with dapagliflozin were consistent for patients across the spectrum of TRS 2°P (P&gt;0.05 for each interaction). Conclusions: Cardiovascular risk stratification using TRS 2°P identifies high-risk patients with T2DM for MACE, CVD/HHF, individual components for MACE, and renal-specific outcomes. Reductions in CVD/HHF and renal-specific outcomes with dapagliflozin versus placebo were consistent across the range of TRS 2°P.
Abstract 14751: Gender Based Implications in Cardiovascular Presentation and Management in South Asia Region - Pre and Post Covid Analysis
Authors: Pirbhat Shams, Osman Faheem, ghufran adnan
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Gender disparity in treatment approach is a common observation which could be society driven. COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in reduction in presentation of cardiovascular (CV) diseases. Hence, we analyzed if or not, the drop in presentation was comparable in both the genders and if this had impacted our approach in managing them. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study at our center, which is a tertiary care hospital located in largest city of Pakistan. Emergency department (ED) electronic registry was accessed for patients presenting with CV symptoms or diagnosis for same months of 2019 and 2020. Comparison was made for both genders in terms of patient presentation and treatment approach used. Results: A total of 536 and 385 consultations were raised for CV reasons for males and females respectively for year 2019 (Mar-Apr). This dropped to 264 and 166 in Mar-Apr 2020. This meant 57% reduction in consults raised for females and 51% reduction for males. ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) and Non-STEMI admissions dropped by 58% and 62% respectively for males and it dropped by 40% (STEMI) and 60% (NSTEMI) in females. All cardiac catheterization lab (CCL) procedures dropped by 46% in males and 60% in females. More females were treated with medical management than males (10 % increase versus 35% decrease). Conclusion: Pandemic impact on CV disease exhibited gender disparity. In this part of the world, there was greater inclination to treat females with medical management. This held true for CCL procedures too. There was greater reduction in number of CV consults raised for females. However, drop in cases of CVD was greater in males. This is an eye opener towards gender disparity in setting of low to middle income country during the pandemic. There is a need to urge physicians to reconsider their choices of non-invasive strategy in female gender. Additionally, there is a greater need to reinforce male gender to present for their CV symptoms to ED.
Factors associated with deaths due to COVID-19 versus other causes: population-based cohort analysis of UK primary care data and linked national death registrations within the OpenSAFELY platform
Authors: Krishnan Bhaskaran, Sebastian Bacon, Stephen JW Evans, Chris J Bates, Christopher T Rentsch, Brian MacKenna, Laurie Tomlinson, Alex J Walker, Anna Schultze, Caroline E Morton, Daniel Grint, Amir Mehrkar, Rosalind M Eggo, Peter Inglesby, Ian J Douglas, Helen I McDonald, Jonathan Cockburn, Elizabeth J Williamson, David Evans, Helen J Curtis, William J Hulme, John Parry, Frank Hester, Sam Harper, David Spiegelhalter, Liam Smeeth, Ben Goldacre
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2021)
Abstract 13076: Genetic Mapping of a Modifier Locus Affecting Blood Pressure in Soluble Guanylate Cyclase α1-deficient Mice
Authors: Emmanuel S Buys, Michael J Raher, Andrew Kirby, Sarah R Hayton, David M Baron, Patrick Y Sips, Shahid Mohd, Kristen M Rauwerdink, Qingshang Yan, Laurel T Tainsh, Hannah Shakartzi, Christine Stevens, Kelly Decaluwé, Johan Van de Voorde, Tong Wang, Peter Brouckaert, Mark J Daly, Kenneth D Bloch
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Emmanuel S Buys, 2011 Finalist and Presenting Author
Abstract 039: Insomnia And Short Sleep Uniquely Predict Obesity, Hypertension, And Diabetes
Authors: Adam Knowlden, Michael A Grandner
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Background: Epidemiological evidence of short sleep’s (&lt;6 hours) association with negative cardiometabolic health outcomes continues to mount; yet, the complex relationship between sleep and health is still not well-understood. Sleep problems, such as short sleep (SS) and insomnia (IN), are often analyzed as a singular construct at the population level; however, it has been proposed that, although these two sleep problems likely overlap, they are separate phenomena. The purpose of this study was to: (1) determine if SS and IN were independent constructs; and to (2) evaluate whether SS and IN predicted obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. Methods: Analyses were based on the 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). NHANES employs a complex, multistage, probability sampling design to survey a representative sample of non-institutionalized U.S. adults (≥18 years). Data related to short (&lt;6), normal (7-8), and long (9+) sleep duration, insomnia (present: mild, moderate, severe), hypertension (present: previous hypertension/hypertension medications/blood pressure in the hypertensive range), and diabetes (present: history of diabetes/fasting blood sugar of 130+) were extracted for analysis. Age, sex, and obesity (body mass index, 30.0+) were entered as covariates into the models. Results: Among the subjects, 0.08% were normal sleepers with IN; 0.21% were SS with insomnia; and, 0.59% had IN with SS. Table 1 summarizes the multivariate and stratified logistic regression models of SS and IN predicting obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. Conclusions: Findings from this study suggested SS and IN are independent constructs, uniquely predicting obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. SS and IN neither mediated nor moderated one another, implying these two sleep outcomes are not additive in nature, but are instead separate health problems. The distinction between SS and IN may have important epidemiological and clinical implications.
Abstract 15178: Mitochondrial Dynamic Modulators Mitigates Mitochondrial Dynamic Index, Biogenesis and Metabolic Impairments in Prediabetic Rats With Cardiac Ischemia-reperfusion Injury
Authors: Chayodom Maneechote, Siripong Palee, Siriporn Chattipakorn, Nipon CHATTIPAKORN
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Long-term exposure to high-fat diet (HFD) caused obesity, which not only was positively associated with cardiovascular disorders but also had a negative impact on the outcome of acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Uncontrolled fission and diminished fusion of cardiac mitochondria augment the impairment of mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolism which have been implicated in metabolic diseases and I/R injury pathology. Since cardioprotective efficacy of acute administration of mitochondrial fission inhibitor (Mdivi-1) and fusion promoter (M1) have previously been reported, the effects of chronic treatment with both modulators on cardiac mitochondrial dynamics, biogenesis and lipid metabolism in prediabetic rats subjected to cardiac I/R injury have never been elucidated. Hypothesis: Chronic treatment of Mdivi-1 and M1 after acute myocardial I/R improve mitochondrial dynamic index, biogenesis and metabolic pathway in prediabetic rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats (n=18) were fed with HFD. After 12 weeks, all rats were randomly divided into: 1) HFV (Vehicle, 0.1% DMSO), 2) HFMd (Mdivi-1, 1.2 mg/kg), and 3) HFM1 (M1, 2 mg/kg) with intraperitoneal injection for 14 days. Then, all rats underwent 30 minutes of left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion followed by reperfusion for 120 minutes. The expression of mitochondrial dynamics (p-Drp1 ser616 per Mfn2 ratio or dynamic index), biogenesis (PGC1- α) and lipid metabolism (CPT1) proteins from ischemic area of heart were determined. Results: Chronic treatment of Mdivi-1 and M1 similarly improved cardiac mitochondrial dynamic index (p-Drp1 ser616 per Mfn2 ratio), increased PGC1-α and CPT1 expression levels, when compared to HFV (Fig). Conclusions: Modulating mitochondrial dynamics by chronic treatment of Mdivi-1 and M1 improved cardiac mitochondrial dynamic index, biogenesis and metabolic pathway in prediabetic rats following acute myocardial I/R injury.
Mosquito surveillance of West Nile and Usutu viruses in four territorial units of Slovakia and description of a confirmed autochthonous human case of West Nile fever, 2018 to 2019
Authors: Viktória Čabanová, Elena Tichá, Richard Stewart Bradbury, Dana Zubriková, Daniela Valentová, Gabriela Chovancová, Ľubomíra Grešáková, Bronislava Víchová, Silvie Šikutová, Tomáš Csank, Zuzana Hurníková, Martina Miterpáková, Ivo Rudolf
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2021)

Background Despite the known circulation of West Nile virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV) in Slovakia, no formal entomological surveillance programme has been established there thus far. Aim To conduct contemporaneous surveillance of WNV and USUV in different areas of Slovakia and to assess the geographical spread of these viruses through mosquito vectors. The first autochthonous human WNV infection in the country is also described. Methods Mosquitoes were trapped in four Slovak territorial units in 2018 and 2019. Species were characterised morphologically and mosquito pools screened for WNV and USUV by real-time reverse-transcription PCRs. In pools with any of the two viruses detected, presence of pipiens complex group mosquitoes was verified using molecular approaches. Results Altogether, 421 pools containing in total 4,508 mosquitoes were screened. Three pools tested positive for WNV and 16 for USUV. USUV was more prevalent than WNV, with a broader spectrum of vectors and was detected over a longer period (June–October vs August for WNV). The main vectors of both viruses were Culex pipiens sensu lato. Importantly, WNV and USUV were identified in a highly urbanised area of Bratislava city, Slovakias’ capital city. Moreover, in early September 2019, a patient, who had been bitten by mosquitoes in south-western Slovakia and who had not travelled abroad, was laboratory-confirmed with WNV infection. Conclusion The entomological survey results and case report increase current understanding of the WNV and USUV situation in Slovakia. They underline the importance of vector surveillance to assess public health risks posed by these viruses.
SORAFENIB TREATMENT AND SAFETY PROFILE IN CHILD PUGH B PATIENTS CHARACTERIZED IN FIRST INTERIM RESULTS OF GIDEON (GLOBAL INVESTIGATION OF THERAPEUTIC DECISIONS IN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA AND OF ITS TREATMENT WITH SORAFENIB)
Authors: YE Sl, Nakajima K, Venook A, Kudo M, Lencioni R, Stal P, Lim Hy, Marrero Ja
Journal: Hepatology (2010)