tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4037: Increased Left Ventricular and Aortic Dimensions in Long-Term Multiagent Antiretroviral Therapy (ART)-Treated HIV-Infected Children: The NIH Multicenter Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study (PHACS)
Authors: Steven E Lipshultz, Paige Williams, William T Shearer, Kenneth Rich, Erin Leister, Rohan Hazra, Jonathan Kaltman, Denise Jacobson, Laurie Dooley, James D Wilkinson, Gwendolyn Scott, Steven D Colan
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: Dilated cardiomyopathy, heart failure, aortic dilation, and cardiac death occurred more frequently in HIV+ children prior to the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Lim...
Abstract 17967: Association of 3D Echocardiographic Principal and Planar Strains with Left Ventricular Remodeling Parameters and Abnormal Ejection Fraction by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Aasha S Gopal, Rena S Toole, Nathaniel Reichek, Jie J Cao
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: 3D principal (P), circumferential (C), longitudinal (L) and radial (R) strains by speckle tracking echocardiography (ECHO) have been reported to be sensitive markers of left ventricular (LV) mechanical dysfunction. We explored the association of these parameters with markers of adverse LV remodeling as well as abnormal ejection fraction (EF) by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). Methods: Subjects were prospectively recruited and underwent CMR and 3DECHO within 2 hours. 3D principal strain (P) was the 3D vector from which C, L, and R strain components were derived. CMR LV volumes (EDV, ESV), LV mass indexed to BSA (LVMi), LVM/EDV, LVM/ESV ratios and EF were also obtained. A Trend test was used to compare the variables across subgroups and ROC analysis was used to compare the sensitivity and specificity of each strain variable for association with CMREF&lt;50%. . Results: 120 subjects (62% male, 68 normal (Gp1), 15 with heart failure and preserved LVEF (Gp2) and 37 with heart failure and LV dysfunction (Gp3)) were evaluated. There were significant differences in LVMi (49, 64, and 63 g/m2, p&lt;0.001), in LVM/EDV (0.4, 0.9, 0.6 g/ml, p&lt;0.001) in LVM/ESV (1.6, 2.3, 1.1 g/ml, p&lt;0.001) and in LVEF (59%, 60%, 39%, p&lt;0.001). Larger LVMi and larger LVM/EDV and LVM/ESV ratios were associated with lower 3D strain indices (all p values &lt;0.001). Of the strain indices (table), the highest area under the curve for CMREF&lt;50% was obtained for 3D L strain. However, 3D P strain had the best sensitivity (86.5%) and specificity (79.5%) at a cutoff value of -31.2%. Conclusions: 1) Higher indexed values of LV mass and abnormal LV mass/volume ratios, parameters of adverse LV remodeling are associated with lower 3D strain indices. 2) Cutoff values of -15.7% and -31.2% for 3D L strain and 3D P strain, respectively are sensitive and specific markers of reduced EF as measured by CMR in a mixed population of normals, heart failure patients with preserved LVEF and those with systolic dysfunction.
Bone Matrix Turnover And Balance In Vitro
Authors: Barry Flanagan, George Nichols
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

Labeled proline from incubation media has been shown to be incorporated into living bone matrix collagen in vitro. Hydroxyproline is released from fresh bone slices in similar systems in a characteristic curve against time. This hydroxyproline is derived from three distinct sources, each of which may be separately quantitated. Part of the total represents passive solubilization of matrix collagen, part is derived from new synthesis of soluble collagen occurring in vitro, and the remainder is released by cell-mediated resorptive action. The latter two processes are linear with time up to 8 hr; the former decays to zero at about 2 hr. Consequently, rates of collagen synthesis and of new collagen deposition and resorption can be quantitated simultaneously in the same system. The ability to measure these parameters of bone collagen metabolism provides methods both for the accurate evaluation of organic matrix resorption in vitro and for the accurate measurement of rates of collagen synthesis and collagen deposition. The application of the method is illustrated using parathyroid hormone and thyrocalcitonin. Parathyroid hormone diminishes collagen synthesis and stimulates collagen resorption. It reduces slightly the deposition of newly formed collagen in stable matrix. The net effect of these changes is to produce a marked negative balance. It does not significantly affect the solubility of matrix collagen.Thyrocalcitonin does not affect collagen synthesis or its deposition. It causes a marked fall in resorption rate. It has no effect on matrix collagen solubility. The net effect is to produce a marked positive balance of matrix collagen.
AML Cells Utilize TNF-Driven JNK Signaling As a Critical NF-κB-Independent Survival Signal
Authors: Andrew Volk, Jing Li, Junping Xin, Dewen You, Jun Zhang, Peter Breslin, Zejuan Li, Wei Wei, Rachel Schmidt, Xinyu Li, Zhou Zhang, Paul C Kuo, Sucha Nand, Jianke Zhang, Jianjun Chen, Jiwang Zhang
Journal: Blood (2013)
Toxicity of Drugs
Authors: A H DUBBER, G P MCNICOL, A S DOUGLAS
Journal: BMJ (1965)

Leading Articles MEDICALS( venogram various structures, especially bones, are obliterated, allowing clearer visualization of the opacified vessels.Ifavailable, image intensification with television control and an automatic device for giving rapid serial films are helpful.But the procedure can give worthwhile results, as Kreel and Williams have noted, with only standard radiological equip- ment.Trans-splenic portal venography undoubtedly gives a clearer picture of the portal vascular bed than arterio-portography.But selective arteriography can be performed when necessary on patients with portal hypertension and with a tendency to 'bleeding, when puncture of the spleen would be dangerous.It has the further advantage in that, if necessary, repeated injections may be made to obtain additional views.Hepatic arteriography may also give useful information on the site of swellings in the liver.With these two new techniques there seems no reason why doubt should exist nowadays about the state of the portal venous circulation in patients with portal hypertension.
Abstract 593: Highly cytotoxic EGFR/CD16A TandAbs specifically recruit NK cells to potently kill various types of solid tumors
Authors: Kristina Ellwanger, Uwe Reusch, Ivica Fucek, Michael Weichel, Erich Rajkovic, Martin Treder
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

The effect on antigenicity of covalent attachment of lipid groups to a protein antigen was investigated. Coupling of palmitic acid to ovalbumin (OVA) enhanced major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-restricted presentation to most OVA-specific murine T-cell clones in vitro. The enhanced antigenicity of palmitoylated antigen was localized to the level of presentation of the synthetic peptide epitope, OVA 323-339. T-cell responses to palmitoylated antigen were more difficult to block with anti-MHC class II antibodies than responses to native antigen. However, T-cell proliferation to palmitoyl (p)-OVA and native (n)-OVA were blocked equally by anti-CD4 antibodies. Taken together, the results suggest that lipid conjugation of a protein antigen leads to the formation of a lipopeptide T-cell epitope with increased affinity of binding to MHC class II and/or T-cell receptor (TcR). These results have implications for the design of synthetic peptide vaccines.
Design of trials should depend on whether new skills are required
Authors: A W Majeed, A G Johnson
Journal: BMJ (1996)

and two related to relief.Firstly, good information should be given to parents, schools, and children and should include the dangers of cannabis (memory impairment, the fact that it contains more carcinogens than tobacco, etc).Secondly, drugs should be eliminated.The police are on the right track in the way that they tackle big dealers, but they should be allowed to tackle street dealing as well, because it is difficult to find drugs when petty sales are reduced.'Thirdly, users should be able to gain admission to drug free institutions where they are treated with respect and encouragement so that they can regain their self respect.
Abstract 38: Nationwide Epidemiology and Outcomes from Pediatric Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Japan: From the JCS-ReSS Research Group
Authors: Naoki Shimizu, Kunio Ohta, Masahiko Nitta, Naohiro Yonemoto, Hiroshi Nonogi, Ken Nagao, Takeshi Kimura
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Though Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium (ROC) reported large volume epidemiology from US and Canada in 2009, data for paediatric cardiac arrest is still scant. Nationwide, prospective, population-based, observational larger study has done in Japan. We reported epidemiology and outcomes from paediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in Japan with comparison to ROC study. Methods: Nationwide OHCA registration performed from 2005 to 2009, and gathered 547,218 cases. We enrolled 11,322 children aged less than 20 years, and were stratified into 3 age groups as same as ROC study [infants (&lt;1 y, n 4,006), children (1-11 y, n 3,372), adolescents (12-19 y, n 3,944)]. Initial cardiac rhythms (VF/VT versus Asys/PEA), pre-hospital intervention done by emergency medical teams (EMT), and outcomes were analyzed. Results: The incidence of paediatric OHCA in Japan was 9.81 per 100,000 person-years (74.32 in infants 5.46 in children, 8.17 in adolescents), versus 8.04 in ROC. Good neurological outcome (CPC 1 or 2) for all paediatric OHCA was 5.4% (2.9% for infants, 7.5% for children, 6.2% adolescents) versus 6.4% survival to hospital discharge in ROC. In VF/VT group showed similar trends to ROC, but in Asys/PEA group, good neurological outcome was only 1.1% versus 5% in ROC (p &lt;0.005). Analysis of EMT intervention showed defibrillation performed in 95% for adolescents, but only 59% for children and 48% in infants despite indicated. Implementation ratio of other procedure for children was 20% for advanced airway (73% in ROC), 1.7% for resuscitation drug therapy (30% in ROC), 7.1% for IV line (42% in ROC), none for IO line (38% in ROC) in Japan. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the incidence of paediatric OHCA and outcome of VF/VT group are similar to previously reported epidemiology from North America. Asys/PEA group showed significantly worse outcome in Japan. It may relates to the low implementation ratio of pre-hospital intervention by EMT for children in Japan.
Circulating Primitive Stem Cells in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH) Are Predominantly Normal in Phenotype But Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Treatment Mobilizes Mainly PNH Stem Cells
Authors: Roderick J. Johnson, Andy C. Rawstron, Steve Richards, Gareth J. Morgan, Derek R. Norfolk, Sheila O'Connor, and Peter Hillmen
Journal: Blood (1998)
Platelet Cut-Off For Anticoagulant Therapy In Cancer Patients With Venous Thromboembolism and Thrombocytopenia: An Expert Opinion Based On RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method (RAM)
Authors: Giorgia Saccullo, Marco Marietta, Monica Carpenedo, Valerio De Stefano, Anna Falanga, Augusto B. Federici, Francesco Rodeghiero, Alberto Tosetto, Sergio Siragusa
Journal: Blood (2013)
Hormone replacement therapy again
Authors: K.-T. Khaw
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Papers p 1858 

Hormone replacement therapy is increasingly advocated not just for short term treatment of menopausal symptoms but as long term prophylactic therapy against heart disease, osteoporosis, even Alzheimer's disease—indeed, as the solution to many of the problems of ageing women.1 Should universal hormone replacement therapy be recommended in asymptomatic healthy postmenopausal women?

Many clinicians now take it as established that postmenopausal hormone therapy protects against coronary heart disease in women. However, this is not based on data from randomised trials with coronary end points. Hemminki and McPherson attempted to see whether useful information on the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and cancer could be obtained from published clinical trials which studied other outcomes of postmenopausal hormone therapy.2 Despite pooling data from all the small trials they found no convincing evidence one way or the other. Most striking is the tiny size and short duration of most of the trials, which clearly had inadequate power to examine clinical events. Even the largest, the Postmenopausal Estrogens and Progestins Intervention (PEPI) trial,3 had fewer than 200 women in each treatment arm. Apart from the Nactigall study,4 the median duration was not much more than one year. There was substantial uncertainty about definition and ascertainment of events, which were often reported as dropouts or asides and not as the primary focus of the trials. Given the variable quality of these trials and procedures, the small difference in numbers of events could easily have arisen from biases in ascertainment and reporting. Why then, are we so convinced of the cardioprotective effect of oestrogens? …
Abstract 13035: Levels of Inflammatory Biomarkers Correlate with Plaque Progression as Measured in Coronary CT Angiography
Authors: Harald Seifarth, Christopher L Schlett, Sam J Lehman, Fabian Bamberg, Patrick Donnelly, James L Januzzi, Quynh A Truong, Wolfgang Koenig, Udo Hoffmann
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Elevated levels of inflammatory biomarkers are associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We sought to determine whether blood biomarkers that predict clinical ev...
Soundings: Young doctors, old lawyers
Authors: George Dunea
Journal: BMJ (2003)

When it comes to choosing a doctor, or for that matter a lawyer, age is clearly one of the determining factors. An old saying on this subject, “old lawyers and young doctors,” would suggest that doctors should be young, enthusiastic, brimming with energy, but that lawyers are at their best when they are older, more seasoned, and more experienced.

Anthony Trollope addresses this subject (from the perspective of choosing a lawyer) in one his lesser known novels, Orley Farm. There he contrasts a naive young lawyer who returns from an academic meeting persuaded that the role of lawyers is to discover the truth, with one more experienced who has no time for newfangled ideas, insists that a lawyer's first duty is to his client, and wins a case even though the defendant later turns out to have been guilty.

For the healing professions, however, there is another saying: “Seek old physicians but young barbers.” It presumably dates from the days when the barbers and surgeons were part of the same cutting profession, and suggests that surgeons (and barbers) deteriorate with age (or at least their hands become less steady), but that physicians improve.

Notwithstanding these arguments, a Wall Street Journal writer has opted for youth. In “How to pick a doctor” (11 November 2002) he recommended choosing a doctor just out of training, one who would have recently seen many sick patients and been exposed to the latest science, and who would also be more likely to remember you, “since you aren't the millionth patient in his [or her] career.” He would have more energy than a veteran, and would be more easily available because he is just beginning to build a practice.

The writer further advises picking a doctor who also does some teaching, and finding out where he went to school, where he served his residency, and what are his views on certain controversial medical issues. The informed consumer should ask if he can see him today if he gets ill, if his office runs on time, and, in these days of instant communication, whether he can communicate with him by email.

But for the many deprived of the luxury of a choice, and for the few with an unambiguous preference for youth, the alternative is to wait in a teaching hospital outpatient clinic and have their history taken by a young medical student.
Abstract 9688: Association Between Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-2 and Left Ventricular Stroke Volume in Patients With Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Sophie Carter, Romain Capoulade, Marie Arsenault, Élisabeth Bédard, Jean G Dumesnil, Patrick Mathieu, Philippe Pibarot, Frédéric Picard
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  Recent studies have reported a relationship between lower plasma IGFBP-2 levels and altered metabolism linked to visceral obesity. Metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity have been associated with worsening of LV remodeling and dysfunction in patients with AS. Whether IGFBP-2 is involved in these relationships is currently unknown.   Objective:  The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between circulating IGFBP-2 and left ventricle (LV) pump function as measured by stroke volume index (SVi) in aortic stenosis (AS) patients with preserved LV ejection fraction (LVEF).   Methods:  208 patients with AS were prospectively recruited in the PROGRESSA study and underwent Doppler-echocardiography. SV was calculated by Doppler in the LV outflow tract and was indexed to body surface area (SVi). Plasma circulating IGFBP-2 levels were measured by ELISA.   Results:  Patients with lower IGFBP-2 levels were younger ( p   p  =0.0003) and waist circumference ( p  =0.01), as well as higher HOMA index ( p  =0.0005) and lower HDL ( p  =0.01). Moreover, SVi was decreased in patients with low IGFBP-2 blood plasma levels ( p  =0.009). After multivariate adjustment for age, gender, LV mass index, aortic valve area and LVEF, lower plasma IGFBP-2 was independently related with lower SVi ( p   p     Conclusions:  In this study, we documented that lower plasma levels of IGFBP-2 are independently associated with lower SVi, a powerful predictor of worse outcomes in the AS population.
Abstract 13552: How do Annuloplasty Rings Affect Mitral Annular Strains in the Beating Ovine Heart?
Authors: Wolfgang Bothe, Manuel K Rausch, John-Peder Escobar Kvitting, Dominique K Echtner, Neil B Ingels, Ellen Kuhl, D C Miller
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: We hypothesized that annuloplasty ring implantation alters mitral annular strains in a beating ovine heart preparation. Methods: Sheep had 16 radiopaque markers sewn equally spaced to...
Clinical course of human T-lymphotropic virus type I carriers with molecularly detectable monoclonal proliferation of T lymphocytes: defining a low- and high-risk population
Authors: S Ikeda, S Momita, K Kinoshita, S Kamihira, Y Moriuchi, K Tsukasaki, M Ito, T Kanda, R Moriuchi, T Nakamura
Journal: Blood (1993)
Frontotemporal dementia
Authors: J. D. Warren, J. D. Rohrer, M. N. Rossor
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Frontotemporal dementia refers to a diverse group of conditions that collectively are a major cause of young onset dementia Frontotemporal dementia produces selective brain atrophy involving the frontal and temporal lobes, requiring brain magnetic resonance imaging for accurate diagnosis Clinically, these diseases present chiefly as progressive aphasia or as disintegration of personality and behaviour that may be misdiagnosed as a psychiatric disorder Up to around a quarter of cases arise from dominant mutations in one of three major causative genes Frontotemporal dementia is commonly associated with other neurological impairment, in particular parkinsonism or motor neurone disease Treatment remains supportive, but patients and families need extensive counselling, future planning, and involvement of social and mental health services Sources and selection criteriaWe examined recent literature on frontotemporal dementia, targeting full text English language studies published since 1990.We selected articles on the basis of our personal knowledge and searches of the Medline database using the terms "frontotemporal dementia," "frontotemporal lobar degeneration," "progressive nonfluent aphasia," "semantic dementia," and "logopenic aphasia," and each of these terms in conjunction with "diagnosis," "treatment," and "therapy."The final selection of references was based on our judgment of relevance, completeness, and compatibility with recent clinical, pathological, and genetic criteria.
Abstract 16992: Diagnostic Value of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance in Patients With Significant Ventricular Arrhythmia and Normal Echocardiogram
Authors: Diego Perez de Arenaza, Sebastian Maldonado, Mariano Falconi, Luciano De Stefano, Gustavo Maid, Marcelo Pietrani, Laura Dragonetti, Ricardo Garcia-Monaco, Cesar Belziti
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: Significant ventricular arrhythmia (SVA) (here defined as >5000 ectopics per 24 hours, ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation) may itself have adverse consequences and/or...
Policy to improve England's diet has failed, study finds
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Evidence is scant that a voluntary agreement between the government and food manufacturers to improve eating habits has worked, a study has concluded.1

The food “responsibility deal” was launched by the coalition government in March 2011 as a key policy, aimed at improving public health by reducing the prevalence of obesity and other conditions caused by poor …
Drug points: Acute eosinophilic pneumonia associated with tenidap
Authors: B M Martinez, P Domingo
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Objective: To evaluate the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a new triple S recombinant hepatitis B vaccine in a cohort of healthy people in whom currently licensed hepatitis B vaccines had persistently not induced an immune response.Design: Single centre, randomised, double blind, dose-response study.Setting: Research vaccine evaluation centre at a teaching hospital.Subjects: 100 healthcare workers aged 18-70 years with a history of failure to seroconvert after at least four doses of a licensed hepatitis B vaccine containing the S component.Intervention: Each subject was randomly allocated two doses of 5, 10, 20, or 40 g of a new hepatitis B vaccine two months apart.Main outcome measures: Immunogenicity of the four doses.Seroconversion and seroprotection were defined as an antibody titre > 10 IU/l and > 100 IU/l respectively against an international antibody standard.Results: 69 subjects seroconverted after a single dose of the vaccine.After the booster vaccination one other subject seroconverted, bringing the overall seroconversion rate to 70%.Fifteen subjects given 5 g of vaccine, 19 given 10 g, 16 given 20 g, and 20 given 40 g seroconverted.Seroconversion rates in the four antigen dose groups were 60% (15/25), 76% (19/25), 64% (16/25), and 80% (20/25).After the booster dose there was no significant dose-response effect on the overall seroconversion rate, although the small sample size meant that a clinically important dose-response could not be ruled out. Conclusion:A single dose of 20 g of the vaccine was as effective as two doses of either 40 g or 20 g of this vaccine formulation in terms of seroconversion, seroprotection, and geometric mean titres.
Many reasons exist for choosing private treatment
Authors: G. Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Table 1-Self reported drug use and non-fatal overdose among 1018 drug injectors interviewed in Glasgow, 1993-4 Relative risk No (%) No (%) (95% confidence interval) Drug used or injected in using reporting compared with six months before Interview drug overdose rest of sample Injected heroin only 241 (24) 52 (22) 0.7 (0.5 to 0.9) Injected heroin and other drugs 661 (65) 213 (32) 2.2 (1.6 to 3.0) Injected drugs excluding heroin 116 (11) 11 (9) 0.3 (0.1 to 0.5) Methadone 453 (44) 132 (29) 1.2 (0.9 to 1.6)* Buprenorphine 413 (41) 109 (26) 0.9 (0.7 to 1.2)* Temazepam 793 (78) 244 (31) 2.7 (1.8 to 4.0) Cocaine 179 (18) 67 (37) 1.8 (1.3 to 2.5) Ecstasy 258 (25) 99 (38) 2.0 (1.5 to 2.8) *Not significant.