tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The effects of left ventricular load and contractility on mitral regurgitant orifice size and flow in the dog.
Authors: D MBorgenhagen, J RSerur, RGorlin, DAdams, E HSonnenblick
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Acute mitral regurgitation (MR) was produced in 12 dogs by closed chest partial valvulectomy and the relative contributions of MR pressure gradient (MRG), the time for regurgitant flow (VSI), and the MR orifice area (MRA) to mitral regurgitant volume (MRV) assessed. Aortic and left atrial pressures, biplane left ventricular (LV) angiography, forward flow and mitral regurgitant flow (MRF) were measured following MR induction and following augmentation of left ventricular end-diastolic volume (EDV), increased aortic resistance (angiotensin), and in the presence of increased ventricular contractility (calcium or epinephrine). Mitral regurgitation orifice area was determined by calculation and the diameters of the mitral anulus and subvalvular areas measured angiographically. Angiotensin and volume infusion induced a substantial increase in MRF which was largely dependent on an increase in MRA but not MRG, while augmentation of contractility decreased MRF accompanied by a decrease in MRA, relatively independe...
Re: Five-Day Oral Etoposide Treatment for Advanced Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Randomized Comparison With Intravenous Chemotherapy
Authors: P. Pfeiffer, O. Hansen, C. Rose, C. Rytter, E. L. Madsen, K. Moeholt, S. Bentzen, T. Palshof
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1997)
Compartmentation of cAMP in adult canine ventricular myocytes. Relation to single-cell free Ca2+ transients.
Authors: C MHohl, Q ALi
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Isolated adult canine ventricular myocytes were used to study the role of compartmentation of cAMP in the diverse functional responses to various drugs that elevate cAMP. Myocytes presented with the beta-agonist isoproterenol accumulated cAMP with a half maximally effective concentration (EC50) of 3.55 x 10(-8) M. Approximately 45% of the total cAMP was recovered in the particulate fraction of digitonin-lysed myocytes under these conditions. With phosphodiesterase inhibition (10 microM isobutylmethylxanthine), isoproterenol-stimulated cAMP production was up to 3.4-fold greater, but the proportion of total cAMP residing in the particulate fraction declined to less than 20%. Similar results were obtained with forskolin, a direct activator of adenylate cyclase. Treatment with isoproterenol shortened the duration at 50% maximum peak height (T 1/2) and increased the peak fluorescence ratio of electrically triggered single-cell free Ca2+ transients in fura-2-loaded canine myocytes. Isoproterenol dose-response c...
真性多血症におけるルキソリチニブ対最善の有効療法の長期有効性と安全性: 第3相試験の5年間の追跡調査【JST・京大機械翻訳】
Authors: Kiladjian Jean-Jacques, Zachee Pierre, Hino Masayuki, Pane Fabrizio, Masszi Tamas, Harrison Claire N, Mesa Ruben, Miller Carole B, Passamonti Francesco, Durrant Simon, Griesshammer Martin, Kirito Keita, Besses Carlos, Moiraghi Beatriz, Rumi Elisa, Rosti Vittorio, Blau Igor Wolfgang, Francillard Nathalie, Dong Tuochuan, Wroclawska Monika, Vannucchi Alessandro M, Verstovsek Srdan
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2020)
Collagen remodeling of the pressure-overloaded, hypertrophied nonhuman primate myocardium.
Authors: K TWeber, J SJanicki, S GShroff, RPick, R MChen, R IBashey
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

Cardiac muscle is tethered within a fibrillar collagen matrix that serves to maximize force generation. In the human pressure-overloaded, hypertrophied left ventricle, collagen concentration is known to be increased; however, the structural and biochemical remodeling of collagen and its relation to cell necrosis and myocardial mechanics is less clear. Accordingly, this study was undertaken in a nonhuman primate model of left ventricular hypertrophy caused by gradual onset experimental hypertension. The amount of collagen, its light microscopic features, and proportions of collagen types I, III, and V were determined together with diastolic and systolic mechanics of the intact ventricle during the evolutionary, early, and late phases of established left ventricular hypertrophy (4, 35, and 88 weeks, respectively). In comparison to controls, we found 1) increased collagen at 4 weeks, as well as a greater proportion of type III, in the absence of myocyte necrosis; 2) collagen septae were thick and dense at 35...
Circus movement atrial flutter in the canine sterile pericarditis model. Differential effects of procainamide on the components of the reentrant pathway.
Authors: WSchoels, HYang, W BGough, Nel-Sherif
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

To evaluate the mechanisms of action of procainamide on the components of the reentrant pathway, drug-induced changes in activation patterns, effective refractory periods (ERPs), and stimulation thresholds were analyzed in nine dogs with sterile pericarditis and sustained atrial flutter. Activation maps were based on 127 close bipolar recordings from a special jacket electrode. From the control map, 22 +/- 2 sites covering the slow zone and the normal zone of the reentrant circuit were selected to measure ERPs and thresholds. The excitable gap was estimated from the longest ERP during pacing at the tachycardia cycle length. During atrial flutter, epicardial activation proceeded as a single wave around an arc of functional conduction block in the proximity of the atrioventricular (AV) ring or around a combined functional/anatomic obstacle, with the arc being contiguous with one of the venae cavae. An area of slow conduction, which accounted for 53 +/- 15% of the revolution time within 35 +/- 15% of the t...
The diastolic hyperemic flow versus pressure relation. A new index of coronary stenosis severity and flow reserve.
Authors: G BMancini, M JMcGillem, S FDeBoe, K PGallagher
Journal: Circulation (1989)

The measurement of coronary flow reserve, traditionally calculated as the ratio of maximal hyperemic blood flow divided by basal flow, is difficult to interpret in serial studies because fluctuating hemodynamic parameters may affect either basal or hyperemic flow measurements. To determine the magnitude of this problem and to develop alternative approaches for measuring vascular reserve, 10 anesthetized dogs were instrumented with aortic and inferior vena cava occluders, electromagnetic coronary flow probes, and high-fidelity micromanometers in the left ventricle and aortic root. Coronary flow was measured in the basal state and during maximal hyperemia induced by a steady-state adenosine infusion. Observations were made in the absence of a stenosis and in the presence of two incremental degrees of subcritical stenosis produced by a rigid, external screw occluder. Several parameters of vascular reserve were determined: 1) coronary flow reserve (defined above), 2) mean hyperemic flow divided by mean aortic...
A reply to: ‘Impact of biologic therapies on risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with psoriasis: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials'
Authors: M. Amin, D.J. No, J.J. Wu
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2017)

We read with interest the recent article by Rungapiromnan et al. that utilized a meta-analysis to compile data from 38 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to determine if there is an association between biologic therapies and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with plaque psoriasis. In the current study, only 10 MACEs were reported over nine of the RCTs examined. The reported absolute values of the Peto odds ratios are worthy of attention.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Splanchnic blood flow in essential hypertension and in hypertensive patients with renal artery stenosis.
Authors: F HMesserli, JGenest, WNowaczynski, OKuchel, MHonda, YLatour, GDumont
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Splanchnic blood flow (SBF) was measured simultaneously with cardiac output (dye dilution) and intrarterial blood pressure by constant infusion of indocyanine green in 11 control subjects, 13 patients with essential hypertension (EH) and seven hypertensive patients with renal artery stenosis (RAS). The cardiac index (CI) was lower (P less than 0.05) in patients with EH (3.17 plus or minus 0.07 L/min/m-2) (mean plus or minus SEM) than in control subjects (3.43 plus or minus 0.09). Associated with the lower CI was a significantly (P less than 0.01) lower SBF (0.797 plus or minus 0.02 L/min/m-2 vs 0.889 plus or minus 0.04). Patients with RAS presented with higher (P less than 0.01 vs EH, nonsignificant vs control subjects) cardiac index (3.66 plus or minus 0.17) and even lower SBF (0.749 PLUS OR MINUS 0.02). Furthermore, there was a negative correlation (r = - 0.652) between the mean arterial pressure and the SBF when results for all patients were considered. The correlation remained (r = - 0.568) in the EH ...
Abnormal signal-averaged electrocardiograms in patients with nonischemic congestive cardiomyopathy: relationship to sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias.
Authors: D SPoll, F EMarchlinski, R AFalcone, M EJosephson, M BSimson
Journal: Circulation (1985)

We assessed whether signal-averaged electrocardiography could identify patients with sustained ventricular arrhythmias in 41 patients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. Twelve of these patients presented with sustained ventricular arrhythmia and 29 patients had no history of sustained ventricular arrhythmias. The mean ejection fractions in the groups were 30 +/- 9% and 24 +/- 9%, respectively. Results were compared with signal-averaged electrocardiograms in 55 normal individuals. The filtered QRS duration was longest in patients with sustained ventricular arrhythmias (130.2 +/- 19.5 vs 105.0 +/- 13.1 msec in the group without sustained ventricular arrhythmia, p less than .001 and 95.9 +/- 9.1 in the normal group, p less than .001). The voltage in the last 40 msec of the filtered QRS was lower in the sustained ventricular arrhythmia group (11.3 +/- 9.3 microV) than the group without sustained ventricular arrhythmia (53.5 +/- 28.3 microV; p less than .001) or the normal group (53.7 +/- 25.2 microV; p less th...
Left axis deviation: a spectrum of intraventricular conduction block.
Authors: GDas
Journal: Circulation (1976)

The effects of left axis shift (greater than -30 degrees) on intraventricular conduction time (IVCT) were studied in 63 subjects in whom electrocardiograms before and after appearance of the left axis shift were available. Subjects with electrocardiographic evidence of left or right ventricular hypertrophy, left or right bundle branch block, myocardial infarction, pre-excitation and those receiving antiarrthymic drugs were excluded. The IVCT increased by an average of 25 msec when the QRS axis shifted to -30 degrees or beyond. When the individual AQRS was related to the IVCT a linear correlation (r = -0.8) was observed. It appears that a continuum relation between the AQRS and the IVCT exists throughout the counterclockwise range of +90 degrees to -90 degees. In all leftward shifts in AQRS from from +90 degrees there is a prolongation in IVCT. Our observations indicate that all leftward shifts in AQRS, including the extreme left axis shift (left anterior hemiblock), represent a spectrum of intraventricula...
Exacerbation of left ventricular ischemic diastolic dysfunction by pressure-overload hypertrophy. Modification by specific inhibition of cardiac angiotensin converting enzyme.
Authors: F REberli, C SApstein, SNgoy, B HLorell
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

Hearts with compensatory pressure-overload hypertrophy show an increased intracardiac activation of angiotensin II that may contribute to ischemic diastolic dysfunction. We studied whether pressure-overload hypertrophy in response to aortic banding would result in exaggerated diastolic dysfunction during low-flow ischemia and whether the specific inhibition of the cardiac angiotensin converting enzyme by enalaprilat would modify systolic and diastolic function during ischemia and reperfusion in either hypertrophied or nonhypertrophied hearts. Isolated, red blood cell-perfused isovolumic nonhypertrophied and hypertrophied rat hearts were subjected to enalaprilat (2.5 x 10(-7) M final concentration) infusion during 20 minutes of baseline perfusion and during 30 minutes of low-flow ischemia and 30 minutes of reperfusion. Coronary flow per gram was similar in nonhypertrophied and hypertrophied hearts during baseline perfusion, ischemia, and reperfusion. At baseline, left ventricular developed pressure was hig...
Interaction of bretylium tosylate with rat cardiac muscarinic receptors. Possible pharmacological relevance to antiarrhythmic action.
Authors: GSchreiber, MFriedman, MSokolovsky
Journal: Circulation Research (1984)

The interaction of the antifibrillatory antiarrhythmic drug, bretylium tosylate, with the muscarinic receptor in tissue homogenates from regions of rat brain and heart was investigated. Competition-binding experiments were carried out with the highly specific tritiated antagonist N-methyl-4-piperidyl benzilate. Bretylium tosylate competitively displaced the labeled antagonist from the muscarinic receptor. The binding of the drug to the two brain preparations was found to be best fitted by a one-site model in each case. On the other hand, in the case of both heart preparations, a two-site model yielded a significantly better fit for the binding data than that given by a single-site model. The low affinity-binding constants in the atrium and the ventricle were similar (approximately 10 microM) to those in the brain regions examined, namely, the cortex and the medullapons. Sites with relatively higher affinity for the drug were detected in the heart only, with equilibrium-binding constants of 0.24 +/- 0.12 m...
Endogenous adenosine does not activate ATP-sensitive potassium channels in the hypoxic guinea pig ventricle in vivo.
Authors: JXu, LWang, C MHurt, APelleg
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDThe activation of ATP-sensitive K+ (K+ ATP) channels by K+ ATP openers, eg, pinacidil, hypoxia, and ischemia, is known to shorten the ventricular action potential. Since adenosine is released in increased amounts during cardiac hypoxia and ischemia, the hypothesis that endogenous adenosine activates K+ ATP channels was tested in vivo in a guinea pig model.METHODS AND RESULTSAnesthetized animals (n = 37) were subjected to transient acute global hypoxia by ventilation with 100% N2. Monophasic action potentials (MAP) were recorded in ventricular and atrial myocardium by use of custom-made Ag/AgCl electrode catheters. In addition, right atrial and left ventricular electrograms as well as systemic arterial blood pressure were monitored throughout the experiments. Under normoxic conditions, pinacidil (1.8 microgram/kg i.v., n = 8), a K+ ATP channel opener, shortened ventricular MAP duration (APD); this effect was reversed by glibenclamide, a potent K+ ATP channel blocker, but not by 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-...
Origin of the third heart sound. I. Studies in dogs.
Authors: YOzawa, DSmith, ECraige
Journal: Circulation (1983)

We studied 13 anesthetized dogs in which a third heart sound (S3) was repeatedly induced by hypoxemia plus fluid overload. A miniature accelerometer with a mass of about 1.1 g was applied at three levels--intact chest wall over cardiac apex, in the pericardium and on the epicardium--to record motion of the structures under observation as well as sound. Intraventricular pressure and sound were monitored using a Millar catheter. Application of two accelerometers simultaneously over the epicardium permitted observation of the chronologic sequence of ventricular wall dynamics in early diastole. The S3 at each level occurred simultaneously with the sudden onset of reduced acceleration, or negative jerk. These dynamic phenomena were maximal at or near the cardiac apex. We conclude that the event that triggers the S3 is a sudden intrinsic limitation of longitudinal expansion of the left ventricular wall.
Creation of anastomoses between an extracardiac artery and the coronary circulation. Proof that myocardial angiogenesis occurs and can provide nutritional blood flow to the myocardium.
Authors: E FUnger, C DSheffield, S EEpstein
Journal: Circulation (1990)

The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether blood vessels could develop de novo between an extracardiac artery and a collateral-dependent zone of the heart and to quantify the nutritive blood flow afforded by the new vessels. We also adapted the preparation so that angiogenically active agents could be chronically administered directly to the site of neovascularization in subsequent studies. To induce neovascularization between a systemic artery and the coronary circulation, the left internal mammary artery (IMA) was implanted in an intramyocardial tunnel in proximity to the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). A tube situated in the distal IMA connected to an implanted pump provided for continuous intra-arterial infusion at the site of angiogenesis. During the same procedure, an ameroid constrictor was placed on the proximal LAD, rendering its perfusion territory collateral dependent during a 2-3 week period. After 8 weeks, the functional capacity of the anastomoses established ...
Recombinant apolipoprotein A-I Milano reduces intimal thickening after balloon injury in hypercholesterolemic rabbits.
Authors: SAmeli, AHultgardh-Nilsson, BCercek, P KShah, J SForrester, HAgeland, JNilsson
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDSeveral epidemiological studies have shown an inverse relation between high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels and coronary heart disease. Recently, observational studies have suggested a similar inverse relation between HDL and restenosis after coronary balloon angioplasty. Despite these observations, it is unclear whether this inverse relation reflects a direct vascular protective effect of HDL or apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, the major apolipoprotein component of HDL. Therefore, to determine whether HDL directly influences neointima formation, we investigated the effect of recombinant apo A-I Milano (apo A-I M), a mutant of human apo A-I with Arg-173 to Cys substitution, on intimal thickening after balloon injury in cholesterol-fed rabbits.METHODS AND RESULTSCholesterol feeding was initiated 18 days before injury and continued until the time of death. Eight rabbits received intravenous injections of 40 mg of apo A-I M linked to a phospholipid carrier on alternate days, beginning 5 days ...
Good tidings for postlaryngectomy speech
Authors: M. Korcok
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Although there have been many advances in rehabilitation of the voice following laryngectomy, the physical effort involved in speaking and the inconvenience of having to occlude the tracheostoma manually during speech has continued to disturb postlaryngectomy patients. Now a new tracheostoma valve that opens and closes automatically, in response to expiratory airflow, and a new lowpressure voice prosthesis that generates airflow resistance similar to that of the human larynx may alleviate some of these problems. In a presentation at the recent meeting of the American Broncho-Esophagological Association in Palm Beach, Fla, speech pathologist Eric D. Blom, PhD, and head and neck surgeon Mark I. Singer, MD, of Indianapolis, reported on the new ease of speech experinced by patients fitted with the "no-hands" Blom-Singer tracheostoma valve and the low-pressure prosthesis. "They feel now like they're really talking," Bloom and Singer told<i>JAMA</i>MEDICAL NEWS. "They can tell immediately the significant reduction
Proton Versus Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer: Patterns of Care and Early Toxicity
Authors: James B. Yu, Pamela R. Soulos, Jeph Herrin, Laura D. Cramer, Arnold L. Potosky, Kenneth B. Roberts, Cary P. Gross
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2012)

Proton radiotherapy (PRT) is an emerging treatment for prostate cancer despite limited knowledge of clinical benefit or potential harms compared with other types of radiotherapy. We therefore compared patterns of PRT use, cost, and early toxicity among Medicare beneficiaries with prostate cancer with those of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).We performed a retrospective study of all Medicare beneficiaries aged greater than or equal to 66 years who received PRT or IMRT for prostate cancer during 2008 and/or 2009. We used multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with receipt of PRT. To assess toxicity, each PRT patient was matched with two IMRT patients with similar clinical and sociodemographic characteristics. The main outcome measures were receipt of PRT or IMRT, Medicare reimbursement for each treatment, and early genitourinary, gastrointestinal, and other toxicity. All statistical tests were two-sided.We identified 27,647 men; 553 (2%) received PRT and 27,094 (98%) received IMRT. Patients receiving PRT were younger, healthier, and from more affluent areas than patients receiving IMRT. Median Medicare reimbursement was $32,428 for PRT and $18,575 for IMRT. Although PRT was associated with a statistically significant reduction in genitourinary toxicity at 6 months compared with IMRT (5.9% vs 9.5%; odds ratio [OR] = 0.60, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.38 to 0.96, P = .03), at 12 months post-treatment there was no difference in genitourinary toxicity (18.8% vs 17.5%; OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 0.76 to 1.54, P = .66). There was no statistically significant difference in gastrointestinal or other toxicity at 6 months or 12 months post-treatment.Although PRT is substantially more costly than IMRT, there was no difference in toxicity in a comprehensive cohort of Medicare beneficiaries with prostate cancer at 12 months post-treatment.
Low-Dose Dasatinib As First-Line Treatment for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Preliminary Report
Authors: Paola Santana-Hernandez, Perla Rocio Colunga Pedraza, Guillermo Sotomayor Duque, Andrés Gómez-De León, Luz del Carmen Tarín Arzaga, Cesar Homero Gutierrez Aguirre, Olga Cantu Rodriguez, David Gomez-Almaguer
Journal: Blood (2017)
In vivo measurement of neuronal uptake of norepinephrine in the human heart.
Authors: D SGoldstein, J EBrush, GEisenhofer, RStull, MEsler
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Neuronal uptake (Uptake-1) of the sympathetic neurotransmitter norepinephrine from the circulation in the human heart was assessed in vivo with three techniques. 1) Cardiac removal of intravenously infused tracer-labeled norepinephrine was measured before and after Uptake-1 blockade with desipramine; 2) the difference between the fractional extraction of radioactive norepinephrine and of radioactive isoproterenol, which is not a substrate for neuronal uptake, was used to estimate the removal of norepinephrine by Uptake-1 in the heart compared with other vascular beds (arm, leg, brain, and lungs); and 3) regional arteriovenous differences in radioactive and endogenous dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG), an exclusively intraneuronal metabolite of norepinephrine, were compared in these beds. In untreated patients, cardiac removal of radioactive norepinephrine averaged 79%, whereas in desipramine-treated patients, cardiac removal of radioactive norepinephrine averaged 19%, a value similar to that of isoproterenol i...
Gastrointestinal Endoscope Contamination Rate Beyond The Elevator: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Based On European Data
Authors: S Larsen, N Birk Larsen, L Klinten Ockert, S Adamsen
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims The elevator has been suggested a key factor in multiple European outbreaks associated with contaminated reusable patient-ready duodenoscopes. The outbreaks have led to increased focus on contamination of the elevator. However, numerous studies have documented microbes in gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopes without an elevator and in the channels of both duodenoscopes and linear echoendoscopes. We aimed estimate the contamination rate beyond the elevator of GI endoscopes based on currently available European data.