tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
FRI0101 Antiribosomal-p protein antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus patients
Authors: S Päi, R Birkenfeldt
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> Autoantibodies to ribosomal-P protein (anti-P antibodies) are predominantly found in sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and have been correlated with neuropsychiatric lupus in some but not all studies.<sup>1</sup> The frequency of anti-P antibodies in SLE population can vary from 6% to 36% in different ethnic groups.<sup>2</sup> <h3>Objectives</h3> To clarify the frequency of presence of anti-P antibodies in patients with SLE. <h3>Methods</h3> The investigated group constituted of 36 SLE patients (age 21–52 years, SLE duration 0.5–16 years), sera from 5 patients with discoid lupus and 48 RA patients were tested too. Sera of 20 normal healthy persons were used as normal controls. Anti-P antibodies were measured by immunoblot (INNO™ANA, Innogenetics, Belgium) and ELISA (ABP Diagnostics Inc., Canada) using commercial kits. <h3>Results</h3> Anti-P antibodies were found in 5/36 (13.9%) SEL patients, using immunoblot, and in 7/36 (19.4%) SEL patients, using ELISA, and in 1/48 RA patient (2.1%) using ELISA. None of the sera of the other RA patients as well as discoid patients and normal persons was found to be positive for anti-P antibodies. Anti-P antibodies were occurred together with ANA, dsDNA and histone antibodies (p &lt; 0.0001). No clinical differences were found in patients with anti-P antibodies, belonging anti-SmB and anti-SmD positive and negative groups. Among the investigated patients neurological disorders were seen only in two patients, while no studied patient had lupus psychosis. One patient had encephalomeningitis (positive anti-P antibodies by both methods) the other had APS with thrombosis (positive anti-P antibodies by ELISA). In our study all SLE patients with anti-P antibodies had active lupus nephritis (p &lt; 0.0001), LE cells (p &lt; 0.0001) and cardiac disorders (p &gt; 0.05). The majority (6 from 7 patients) of these patients had polyarthritis. None of the patients with SLE duration less than 3 years had anti-P antibodies. Disease duration was longer in patients positive for anti-P antibodies (4.30 ± 5.03 and 10.10 ± 6.05 years, accordingly; p &lt; 0.043). <h3>Conclusion</h3> The clinical significance of presence of anti-P antibodies in SLE is limited. Presence of these antibodies is associated with acute lupus nephritis; the antibodies are found in patients with long disease duration. <h3>References</h3> Teh L-S, Isenberg DA. Antiribosomal P protein antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus. A reappraisal. Arthritis Rheum. 1994;37:307–15 Arnett FC, Reveille JD, Moutsopoulos HM, Georgesen L, Elkon KB. Ribosomal P antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 1996;39:1833–9
Cost-Effectiveness of Smoking Cessation Interventions in the Lung Cancer Screening Setting: A Simulation Study
Authors: Christopher J Cadham, Pianpian Cao, Jinani Jayasekera, Kathryn L Taylor, David T Levy, Jihyoun Jeon, Elena B Elkin, Kristie L Foley, Anne Joseph, Chung Yin Kong, Jennifer A Minnix, Nancy A Rigotti, Benjamin A Toll, Steven B Zeliadt, Rafael Meza, Jeanne Mandelblatt, Christopher J Cadham, Pianpian Cao, Jinani Jayasekera, Kathryn L Taylor, David T Levy, Jihyoun Jeon, Rafael Meza, Jeanne Mandelblatt
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2021)

Guidelines recommend offering cessation interventions to smokers eligible for lung cancer screening, but there is little data comparing specific cessation approaches in this setting. We compared the benefits and costs of different smoking cessation interventions to help screening programs select specific cessation approaches.
Impact of gender on treatment and survival of patients with esophageal cancer in the United States.
Authors: Camille Baumrucker, Dido Franceschi, Alan S Livingstone, Francis Igor Macedo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

173 Background: Esophageal cancer (EC) is historically a male-predominant disease. Current available evidence on the impact of gender on clinical presentation and survival outcomes of EC is limited by small sample size or single institutional series. Methods: Patients with EC (stage I-III) were identified in the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB, 2004-2016). Clinicopathologic and treatment characteristics of male and female patients were compared using Chi-square analysis. Overall survival (OS) was estimated using Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: Of 62,893 patients included, male gender was predominant (77.7% vs 22.3%). Adenocarcinoma was the most common subtype (66.7%); however, squamous cell carcinoma was more predominant in females (57.1% vs. 26.5%, p&lt;0.001). Females were significantly older (68.5 vs. 66.1 years; p&lt;0.001) and more likely African American (AA) (14% vs. 8.1%; p&lt;0.001). Females were more likely to present with local disease (stage I, 19.6% vs. 18.2%; p&lt;0.001), while males presented more likely with locoregional disease (LRD, stage II/III, 80.4% vs 81.8%, p&lt;0.001). Females had worse OS compared to males (18.1 vs. 19.7 mo; p=0.001; cI: 23.5 vs. 31.9mo, p&lt;0.001; cII/III: 17.2 vs 18.3mo, p=0.473). White females had worse OS than white males (18.6 vs. 20.4mo, p&lt;0.001), while AA females had better OS (13.5 vs. 12.6mo, p=0.001). Among patients with LRD, females less frequently received chemotherapy (CT, 75.4% vs. 82.9%, p&lt;0.001), radiation therapy (RT, 78.9% vs. 82.6%, p&lt;0.001), and esophagectomy (28% vs. 40.5%, p&lt;0.001). Females who underwent esophagectomy had improved OS over males (40.3 vs. 32.7mo; p&lt;0.001). More specifically, white females who underwent esophagectomy had improved OS over white males (47.6 vs 38mo, p&lt;0.001); however, AA males and females who underwent esophagectomy had similar OS (33.8 vs 32.6mo, p=0.452). Female gender, advanced age, AA race, high comorbidity score and clinical stage, and lack of access to CT, RT, and esophagectomy were independent predictors of mortality (Table). Conclusions: Females with EC seem to have less access to CT, RT and esophagectomy, which is associated with worse OS compared to males. Healthcare policies should be implemented to increase access to standard of care treatment for female patients with EC. [Table: see text]
Reproducible Research: A Retrospective
Authors: Roger D. Peng, Stephanie C. Hicks
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (2021)

Advances in computing technology have spurred two extraordinary phenomena in science: large-scale and high-throughput data collection coupled with the creation and implementation of complex statistical algorithms for data analysis. These two phenomena have brought about tremendous advances in scientific discovery but have raised two serious concerns. The complexity of modern data analyses raises questions about the reproducibility of the analyses, meaning the ability of independent analysts to recreate the results claimed by the original authors using the original data and analysis techniques. Reproducibility is typically thwarted by a lack of availability of the original data and computer code. A more general concern is the replicability of scientific findings, which concerns the frequency with which scientific claims are confirmed by completely independent investigations. Although reproducibility and replicability are related, they focus on different aspects of scientific progress. In this review, we discuss the origins of reproducible research, characterize the current status of reproducibility in public health research, and connect reproducibility to current concerns about the replicability of scientific findings. Finally, we describe a path forward for improving both the reproducibility and replicability of public health research in the future.
THU0158 Work disability among patients with rheumatoid arthritis in lithuania
Authors: JH Dadoniene, A Boonen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> Work disability is increasingly recognised as an important outcome of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The magnitude of work-disability in chronic disease is not only determined by socio-economic and disease characteristics but also by the organisation of the social security system of the country under study. <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine the work disability levels of Lithuanian patients with RA. <h3>Methods</h3> A cross-sectional study was performed including 276 consecutive out-patients, registered in the Vilnius RA register. During structured interviews, patients were asked about socio-demographic (including work-status) and disease characteristics. In addition, patients underwent a physical examination. The social security system in Lithuania distinguishes short-term disability (maximum 4 month) and long standing (permanent) disability. In case of longstanding disability three categories can be granted and two of these allow continuing a job. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 276 RA patients, 82.2% were female, mean age was 58.9 yr (SD = 11.8) and mean disease duration 11.9 yr (SD = 9.4). Of 183 patients in working age (14–65 yr), 3.3% were unemployed or housewife, 7,1% were on early retirement and after adjusting for age and gender 28.3% had a paid job and 45.8% had a disability allowance. In general population of Lithuania employment rate is 54.5% and disability rate 2.33%. Of those with paid job 34.5% were holding at the same time a disability allowance. The Table 1 contrasts demographic and disease characteristics of those having a job to those having no job. <h3>Conclusion</h3> In Lithuania, employment among RA patients is 26.2% lower than in the general population and seems lower than reported in literature on labour force participation among RA patients in other countries. Not suprisingly, patients who are more educated, less diabled and have shorter disease duration are more likely to remain in labour force, though disease activity is similar to those being not employed.
Development and validation of a radiomics nomogram to discriminate advanced pancreatic cancer patients with liver metastases or other metastatic patterns.
Authors: Junjie Hang, Lixia Wu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

435 Background: Pancreatic cancer patients with liver metastases had much poorer prognosis than those with other metastatic patterns. This study aimed to develop and validate a radiomics model to discriminate pancreatic cancer patients with liver metastases from patients with other metastatic patterns. Methods: We evaluated 77 patients advanced pancreatic cancer (APC) with different metastatic patterns and performed texture analysis on the region of interest (ROI). 58 patients and 19 patients were allocated randomly into the training cohort and the validation cohort with almost the same proportion of patients with liver metastases. An independent samples t-test was used for initial feature selection in the training cohort. Random Forest Classifier (RFC) was used to construct models based on these features in both cohorts and a radiomics signature (RS) was derived from the model. Then a nomogram was constructed based on RS and CA19-9, and validated with calibration plot and decision curve. The prognostic value of RS was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier methods. Results: A nomogram based on the RS and CA19-9 was constructed and it demonstrated good discrimination in the training cohort (AUC = 0.93) and validation cohort (AUC = 0.81). Kaplan-meier methods showed that patients with RS&gt;0.61 had much poorer OS than patients with RS &lt; 0.61 in both cohorts. Conclusions:This study presents a radiomics nomogram incorporating both RS and CA19-9, which can be used to discriminate advanced pancreatic cancer patients with liver metastases from patients with other metastatic patterns.
Adjuvant therapy in the treatment of resected nonmetastatic gallbladder cancer of stage II-IV: A generalized propensity score analysis.
Authors: Wenze Wan, Bohao Zheng, Wentao Sun, Jiwen Wang, Sheng Shen, Han Liu, Xiaojian Ni, Houbao Liu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

471 Background: The benefit of adjuvant therapy for gallbladder cancer (GBC) remains controversial due to the limited evidence. The current study was aimed to explore the efficacy of adjuvant therapy in patients with resected non-metastatic GBC and to establish a prognosis model to predict the survival benefit of GCB patients with different adjuvant therapies. Methods: Patients with resected non-metastatic GBC of stage II-IV were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database and divided into non-radiotherapy and chemotherapy (NCRT) group, chemotherapy (CT) group, and chemoradiotherapy (CRT) group. Generalized propensity score (GPS) and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to reduce the imbalances between groups. Nomogram was constructed based on Cox proportional hazard model, and the model was validated for discrimination and calibration. Results: Among the 2689 enrolled patients, 1193 (44.4%) patients were classified as stage II, 1371 (51.0%) as stage III, and 125 (4.6%) as stage IV according to the 8th American Joint Commotion Cancer staging manual. Patients in NCRT, CT, and CRT groups were 1703, 444, and 542 respectively. After the IPTW, absolute standardized differences of baseline characteristics were less than 0.1 both in patients with stage II tumors and with stage III-IV tumors. In patients with GBC of stage II, no significant difference in OS was observed between the three treatment groups (P &gt; 0.05). In patients with GBC of stage III-IV, CT group has a superior OS compared with the NCRT group (P &lt; 0.001), and CRT group has a superior OS compared with the CT(P &lt; 0.001) and NCRT (P &lt; 0.001) group. Sensitivity analysis showed consistent results. A nomogram was constructed for patients with stage III-IV tumors to predict the survival benefit of adjuvant therapies. The C-index was 0.673 (95% CI: 0.654-0.692) in the validation using the training set (diagnosed at 2004-2012) and was 0.707 (95% CI: 0.677-0·739) in the internal validation using the validation set (diagnosed at 2013-2015). The calibration curves indicated that the predicted probability closely corresponded to the actual observation OS. Conclusions: Patients with GBC of stage II could not benefit from adjuvant therapy. Patients with GBC of stage III-IV could benefit from chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy while chemoradiotherapy provide a superior OS. A nomogram was built to predict the survival benefit of different adjuvant therapies in patients with GBC of stage III-IV.
Abstract 11514: PFKFB3-mediated Metabolic Reprogramming to Glycolysis Promotes Inflammation in Human Arterial Endothelial Cells
Authors: Wusheng Xiao, William Oldham, Joseph Loscalzo
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Inflammation and metabolic alterations are two common hallmarks of cardiovascular diseases. Yet, the interaction between inflammation and cell metabolism remains elusive. Objective: W...
Life expectancy and mortality in 363 cities of Latin America
Authors: Usama Bilal, Philipp Hessel, Carolina Perez-Ferrer, Yvonne L. Michael, Tania Alfaro, Janeth Tenorio-Mucha, Amelia A. L. Friche, Maria Fatima Pina, Alejandra Vives, Harrison Quick, Marcio Alazraqui, Daniel A. Rodriguez, J. Jaime Miranda, Ana V. Diez-Roux
Journal: Nature Medicine (2021)

Abstract The concept of a so-called urban advantage in health ignores the possibility of heterogeneity in health outcomes across cities. Using a harmonized dataset from the SALURBAL project, we describe variability and predictors of life expectancy and proportionate mortality in 363 cities across nine Latin American countries. Life expectancy differed substantially across cities within the same country. Cause-specific mortality also varied across cities, with some causes of death (unintentional and violent injuries and deaths) showing large variation within countries, whereas other causes of death (communicable, maternal, neonatal and nutritional, cancer, cardiovascular disease and other noncommunicable diseases) varied substantially between countries. In multivariable mixed models, higher levels of education, water access and sanitation and less overcrowding were associated with longer life expectancy, a relatively lower proportion of communicable, maternal, neonatal and nutritional deaths and a higher proportion of deaths from cancer, cardiovascular disease and other noncommunicable diseases. These results highlight considerable heterogeneity in life expectancy and causes of death across cities of Latin America, revealing modifiable factors that could be amenable to urban policies aimed toward improving urban health in Latin America and more generally in other urban environments.
1, N6-Ethenoadenine, a mutagenic and potential damage for human cancer, is repaired by long patch branch of base excision repair in human cells
Authors: Sujata Choudhury, Rabindra Roy
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

877  1,N6 Ethenoadenine (ϵA) is generated endogenously by lipid peroxidation and exogenously by tumorigenic industrial agents, vinyl chloride, and vinyl carbamate. ϵA detected in human tissues causes mutation and is implicated in lung and liver cancers.  N-methyl purine DNA glycosylase (MPG) is the single enzyme known so far to repair ϵA. In in vitro reactions, MPG repairs ϵA by both the short- and long-patch branches of the base excision repair (BER) pathway, but the mechanisms of ϵA repair in in vivo conditions are not yet known. In this study, we have developed a very sensitive method to test the in vivo repair of ϵA in cultured cells. The assay involves phagemid M13mp18, containing ethenoadenine at a defined position along with a mismatch 4-base pair down-stream at the 3’ to the ϵA. The total and long patch repair events were estimated by plaque assay in E. coli with the plasmids recovered from the human cells after cellular processing. Intriguingly, the ϵA was repaired nearly 100% through the long-patch (4 or more nucleotide incorporations) BER pathway, and the detectable repair was observed only 18% in 16 hrs, whereas the repair neared completion within 24 hrs. Furthermore, co-immunoprecipitation studies revealed that MPG remains in a pre-formed complex with PCNA and FEN1, which are essential for long-patch BER. This suggests that MPG possibly selects the most error-free branch of BER, the long-patch, to repair ϵA, which is a spontaneously generated and/or inflammation-induced, highly mutagenic, and tumorigenic lesion in human cells.
Meningeal Relapse of Neuroblastoma—Utility of 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT for Detection
Authors: Raghava Kashyap, Rakesh Reddy, Veni Prasanna
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

In treatment of metastatic neuroblastoma, the central nervous system seems to act as a sanctuary leading to often unexpected relapse of disease. We present a case of neuroblastoma treated with chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation only to relapse in central nervous system with meningeal metastases visualized on 68Ga-DOTATOC imaging.
Combatting Substandard and Falsified Medicines: A View from Rwanda
Authors: Agnes Binagwaho, Roger Bate, Michel Gasana, Corine Karema, Yves Mucyo, John Patrick Mwesigye, Floribert Biziyaremye, Cameron T. Nutt, Claire M. Wagner, Paul Jensen, Amir Attaran
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2013)

Agnes Binagwaho and colleagues describe Rwanda's experience of pharmacovigilance for malaria and tuberculosis, and call for a global treaty and leadership by the World Health Organization to address the global manufacture and trade in substandard and falsified medicines. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
An Unusual Case of Esophageal Carcinosarcoma on 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Chongjiao Li, Yueli Tian, Jie Chen, Bing Wen, Yong He
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

Carcinosarcoma of the esophagus is a rare malignant neoplasm. Here, we report a case of esophageal carcinosarcoma with lymphatic and pulmonary metastases on 18F-FDG PET/CT in a 64-year-old woman.
THU0045 Local production and modulation of complement proteins in rheumatoid arthritis synovium
Authors: U Müller-Ladner, I Tarner, S Barnum, J Echols, E Neumann, M Fleck, M Judex, F Kullmann, J Mountz, J Schölmerich, S Gay
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> <h3>Objectives</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a severe chronic disease characterised by inflammation of synovial tissue, which causes pain and dysfunction of joints and leads to their destruction. In RA, complement has been implicated in inflammation and joint destruction based on studies showing reduced levels of native complement components and increased levels of complement metabolites in plasma, synovial fluid and synovial tissue of RA patients. However, there is limited information on local production and activation of key factors of the complement cascade in RA synovium and their potential modulation by novel anti-cytokine therapies. <h3>Methods</h3> Using <i>in situ</i> hybridization, immunohistochemistry and Western blot techniques, the presence of complement proteins C3, factor B and Sc5b-9 and of the complement receptors C3aR and C5aR were evaluated in RA and osteoarthritic (OA) synovium. In addition, C3 and factor B levels in synovial fluid were determined by ELISA. Functional assessment was performed by examination of the effects of adenovirus-based sTNF-R p55 gene transfer into RA synovial fibroblasts in the SCID mouse model. <h3>Results</h3> Complement proteins C3 and factor B were synthesised mainly around terminal vasculature in all (6/6) RA synovial specimens whereas complement receptors C3aR and C5aR were expressed in adjacent inflammatory infiltrates. In contrast, only limited local production of these factors could be observed in OA. Different activation of the complement cascade was illustrated by more intensive degradation of factor B in RA as compared to OA synovial fluid (mean: 28 vs. 48 μg/ml). Overexpression of sTNFRp55 revealed upregulation of C5 but not C3 receptor expression in the transduced RA synovial fibroblasts indicating differential effects of anti-cytokine therapies on complement factors in RA synovium. <h3>Conclusion</h3> We conclude that local complement production and activation may play an important role in RA synovium. Moreover, modulation or inhibition of local complement production, e.g. by biologic agents and anti-C5 antibodies, which are currently investigated in clinical trials, could be an attractive therapeutic approach for RA.