tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Complaint-oriented clinics
Authors: D. A. Drachman
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editors.—</h3> I would like to take issue with the authors' interpretation of these findings and their conclusion. Rickets and osteomalacia related to antiepileptic drugs are most often mild and subclinical and cannot be excluded by the author's retrospective study, at least at some point in their patients' course. Failure to uncover it in the group of 28 patients only proves that the disorder is not quite that common. A similar study of 50 children attending the neurology clinic at the Children's Mercy Hospital, mainly by wrist roentgenography, showed subclinical rickets in two children. The disease was then confirmed by additional biochemical findings. In their review, the authors omit the important contributions of Hunter et al,<sup>1,2</sup>who showed hepatic microsomal enzyme induction by anticonvulsant drugs, measuring urinary excretion of D-glucaric acid. More recently Hahn and his associates found lower serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol levels in the group under therapy with
Utilization of radiation therapy and impact on outcomes in spermatic cord sarcomas in the United States.
Authors: Hirsch Matani, Kyle Schuyler, Rodney E. Wegner, Sushil Beriwal, Zachary D Horne
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

419 Background: Spermatic cord sarcomas are a rare entity with management consisting of radical orchiectomy and the value of adjuvant radiation being unclear, as the literature consists of heterogeneous case series spanning multiple decades with limited numbers of patients. Methods: The National Cancer Data Base was queried for men who underwent orchiectomy for spermatic cord sarcomas between 2004 and 2018 with known surgical margin status. Kaplan-Meier with log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards tests were utilized for overall survival (OS) calculations. Associations were determined with bivariate regression analysis. Results: A total of 912 men were identified who met inclusion criteria. Six hundred seventeen (67.7%) had liposarcomas (LS) while 32.3% had non-lipsarcomatous (NLS) histologies. 5/10-year OS for men with LS was 85.1%/67.4% and 74.1%/58.4% for NLS, respectively (p &lt; 0.001). 238 (26.1%) men were treated with adjuvant radiation therapy with similar distributions between LS and NLS. Utilization of radiation was significantly associated with moderate-poorly differentiated histology (HR 3.228 [95%CI 2.241-4.649] p &lt; 0.001), radical orchiectomy (HR 1.477 [1.062-2.054] p = 0.020), positive surgical margins (HR 1.826 [95%CI 1.257-2.652] p = 0.002), but not histologic subtype or tumor size. There was no difference in OS for LS nor NLS with respect to the application of adjuvant radiation, but in men with moderately-poorly differentiated LS treated with adjuvant radiation, 5-year OS was 86.8% vs. 68.6% (p = 0.148). In men with well-differentiated LS, 5-year OS was 93.6% with XRT vs 89.5% (p = 0.623). Adjuvant XRT did not impact OS in men with positive surgical margins, nor did it have an impact on OS for NLS regardless of disease grade or margins. Conclusions: Adjuvant radiation therapy is utilized for approximately one quarter of men diagnosed with spermatic cord sarcomas. XRT may impact OS for men with moderately-poorly differentiated liposarcomas; further research with patient-level data is required.
TRACHEOSTOMY AND TRAUMA
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Orthopedic Rehabilitation
Authors: Leonard F. Peltier
Journal: JAMA (1983)

At the end of World War II, under impetus supplied by enthusiasts such as Howard Rusk, rehabilitation as a specialty area in the practice of medicine seemed to hold great promise. Unfortunately, during a period of great technical advance in the surgical treatment of crippling diseases and injuries, the promise has been only partially realized. As a result, orthopedic surgeons have realized that they must play a more vital, active role in the rehabilitation of their patients.<i>Orthopedic Rehabilitation</i>is a direct result of this attitude. In the introduction the editor states: "This book deals with subjects that I believe rightly belong in the domain of any orthopedic surgeon who supervises rehabilitation and treatment of chronic disabling conditions." After a brief discussion of general principles and the importance of a team approach, the members of the team are introduced and their contributions to the programs are defined. It is an
Clinical results of PERICLES: A phase II trial investigating atezolizumab +/- radiotherapy for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the penis.
Authors: Hielke Martijn de Vries, Jeantine De Feijter, Elise Bekers, Marta Lopez-Yurda, Floris J. Pos, Simon Horenblas, Ekatarina S. Jordanova, Oscar R. Brouwer, Eva E. Schaake, Michiel Simon Van Der Heijden
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

3 Background: Patients (Pts) with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the penis (aPeCa) have a poor prognosis (21% 2-year overall survival from moment of diagnosis) and high morbidity, due to progressive locoregional disease. Pre-clinical studies show high rates of infiltrating immune cells and high PD-L1 expression, suggesting that immunotherapy may be beneficial for these patients. In the PERICLES study, we assess the activity of atezolizumab (atezo) in aPeCa pts, with or without radiotherapy (RT) to control locoregional lymph node disease. Methods: A single-centre phase 2 study with two treatment arms (non-randomized) was conducted in 32 histologically confirmed aPeCa pts with a WHO performance status of 0-1 (NCT03686332). Any previous treatment except for immunotherapy was allowed. Study treatment consisted of atezo 1200 mg every 3 weeks (all pts). Pts expected to benefit from RT for locoregional disease control (cohort A) additionally received 33 fractions of 1.5 Gy (locoregional affected lymph node regions and penile region) and 1.8 Gy (macroscopic tumor + margin) irradiation. Response was evaluated with 12-weekly CT scans of the abdomen and thorax using RECIST1.1. Toxicity was scored by NCI-CTCAE V4. The primary endpoint was 1-year progression free survival (PFS) for the full cohort. Results: From Oct 2018 to Aug 2021, 20 pts were included in cohort A (RT + atezo) and 12 pts in cohort B (only atezo). Median follow-up was 22 months (interquartile range (IQR) 4.3-14). Median age was 67 years (IQR 60-72) and all patients had stage IV aPeCa. Pts received no prior treatment (25%), or prior RT (34%), chemoradiation (22%), chemotherapy (6%) or surgery (69%). An immunotherapy or radiotherapy-related grade 3-4 AE was observed in 3/32 (9.4%) and 1/20 (5.0%) patients, respectively. There were no grade 5 treatment-related AEs. One-year PFS was 12% (95% confidence interval (CI) 4.0-33), which did not meet the primary objective. The response rate of RECIST1.1 evaluable pts was 30% (see table). In two patients with pulmonary metastases, a complete response was observed. Initial responses with early progression were seen in 5 pts. Median overall survival (OS) was 12 months (95% CI 5.4-19). Conclusions: Anti-tumor activity of atezo was observed in aPeCa, including complete and durable responses. The trial failed to meet its primary objective (PFS). Our results suggest that a subset of aPeCa pts has incomplete immunological activity and/or early resistance to atezo. Analysis of tumor tissue collected in this trial (including on-treatment biopsies) could suggest new therapeutic strategies to overcome resistance and improve clinical outcome to immunotherapy in aPeCa. Clinical trial information: NCT03686332. [Table: see text]
Oncology Research Program
Authors: Matthew Fury
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2014)

The goal of the Highlights of the NCCN Oncology Research Program (ORP) is to provide readers with more information on the ORP, including studies currently accruing patients.For more information on specific trials, including patient selection criteria, please use the contact information listed with each study.For more information on the NCCN ORP, including a complete detailing of the clinical studies currently underway at NCCN Member Institutions, please access the NCCN ORP pages at NCCN.org/clinical_trials/ clinicians.asp. Highlights of the NCCN Oncology Research ProgramThe NCCN Oncology Research Program (ORP) strives to improve the quality of life for patients and reduce cancer-related deaths by advancing cancer therapies through research.Since the program's establishment in 1999, the NCCN ORP has brought millions of dollars in research grants to investigators at NCCN Member Institutions.Research grants are provided to NCCN through collaborations with pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies; these grants are in turn used to support scientifically meritorious cancer research efforts.NCCN ORP studies typically explore new avenues of clinical investigation and seek answers to important cancer-related questions.All studies are approved and funded through a scientific peer-review process and are overseen by the ORP.
INHALATION THERAPY
Authors: M. F. Lockett
Journal: BMJ (1936)

It has been suggested that the modern tendency in tuberculosis is to treat x-ray films.But, as Medlar' has said, " the final outcome depends more upon the under- lying pathological condition than it does upon the presence or absence of signs and symptoms.For the clinician, the nearest approach to the pathological status of tuberculosis is the leucocyte reaction.
Incorrect Axis Labels in Figures
Authors: Stephan Mueller, Bernhard Haller, Nat Halle, Martin Halle
Journal: JAMA (2021)

US Preventive Services Task Force; Karina W. Davidson, PhD, MASc; Michael J. Barry, MD; Carol M. Mangione, MD, MSPH; Michael Cabana, MD, MA, MPH; Aaron B. Caughey, MD, PhD; Esa M. Davis, MD, MPH; Katrina E. Donahue, MD, MPH; Chyke A. Doubeni, MD, MPH; Alex H. Krist, MD, MPH; Martha Kubik, PhD, RN; Li Li, MD, PhD, MPH; Gbenga Ogedegbe, MD, MPH; Douglas K. Owens, MD, MS; Lori Pbert, PhD; Michael Silverstein, MD, MPH; James Stevermer, MD, MSPH; Chien-Wen Tseng, MD, MPH, MSEE; John B. Wong, MD
Outcome of patients with PSMA-PET/CT screen failure by VISION criteria and treated with 177Lu-PSMA therapy.
Authors: Masatoshi Hotta, Andrei Gafita, Johannes Czernin, Jeremie Calais
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

39 Background: The VISION trial showed that 177Lu-PSMA can prolong survival and improve the quality of life of patients with advanced mCRPC. The VISION trial used PSMA-PET/CT to select patients for inclusion. Here, we evaluated the outcome of patients treated with 177Lu-PSMA who would have been screen failure (SF) by VISION-PET criteria. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study in our institutional database of patients treated with ≥1 cycle of 177LuPSMA between November 2017 and July 2021 (n = 74) and a multicenter dataset published previously (n = 230) (Gafita A, Lancet Oncol 2021). One dual certified reader (M.H.) in nuclear medicine and radiology blinded for patient outcomes reviewed the baseline PSMA-PET/CT scans to define eligible (VISION-PET-E) vs SF (VISION-PET-SF) patients. VISION-PET- SF criteria were defined as:1) absence of metastatic lesion with uptake &gt; liver background (i.e., low PSMA expression) or 2) presence of ≥ 1 metastatic lesion measurable by CT (≥ 1 cm for bone lesions with soft-tissue component (M1b) and solid/visceral organs lesions (M1c); ≥ 2.5 cm for lymph nodes lesions (N1-M1a)) with uptake ≤ liver background (i.e., PSMA-negative lesions). Outcome measures included PSA response rates (decline of ≥50% (PSA50RR) and any decline (anyPSARR)), PSA-progression free-survival (PSA-PFS), and overall survival (OS). Results: 3/304 patients (1%) were excluded (lost to follow-up (n = 2), missing DICOM CT images (n = 1)). 272/301 (90.4%) of the analyzed patients were VISION-PET-E while 29/301 (9.6%) were VISION-PET-SF: 8/301 (2.7%) with low PSMA expression and 21/301 (7.0%) with PSMA-negative lesions, respectively. The median follow-up time was 12.6 months (IQR: 7.0-21.3, range: 0.6-62.3). VISION-PET-SF patients had a worse PSA50RR (21% vs 50%; p = 0.005), anyPSARR (41% vs 71%; p = 0.003), median PSA PFS (2.1 months (1.1-3.3) vs. 4.1 (4.0-5.8); p = 0.023)), and tended to have a shorter median OS (9.6 months (4.7-14.0) vs. 14.2 (12.6-15.9); p = 0.16) than the VISION-PET-E patients. Patients with PSMA-negative lesion (n = 21) tended to have a worse response than those with low PSMA expression (n = 8): median OS 8.2 months (4.4-11.0) vs. NA (11.1-NA) (p = 0.034), median PSA-PFS 1.8 months (1.4-3.3) vs. 2.8 (1.1-5.7) (p = 0.44), PSA50RR 19% vs 25% (p = 1.00), and any PSARR 38% vs 50% (p = 0.68). Conclusions: Some have argued that the low SF rate of 12.6% (126/1003) in the VISION trial may obviate the need for PSMA-PET eligibility screening prior to 177Lu-PSMA. Here we report that VISION-PET-SF patients had worse outcomes than VISION-PET-E patients in response to 177Lu-PSMA therapy. The best management of patients with negative or low PSMA expressing lesions is unknown. Combining 177Lu-PSMA with external-beam RT and/or with other systemic therapy may be an effective therapeutic approach. Refinements in patient selection for 177Lu-PSMA are needed to optimize patient outcomes.
Peptic Ulceration
Authors: C. J. Marshall
Journal: BMJ (1947)

working in this country for nine months.In the Journal of the Danish Red Cross for October Dr. Henningsen points out that in the past half-year the Danish Red Cross has examined about half a million persons, each of whom was dealt with three times.Tuberculin-testing is so well organized that 1,000 persons can be tested by the same nurse on the same day.Between 1,500 and 2,000 persons have been examined every day by each team, and in a recent interview in Morgenbladet for Oct. 28 the President of the Danish Red Cross, Kai Hammerich, refers hopefully to the prospect of vaccinating a million persons every month.So we see that after twenty years of research and mass experiment the Danes have not only made out a very convincing case for B.C.G. vaccination but have also made it an article for export.What of the attitude of my fellow countrymen in England to B.C.
Preoperative [11C]methionine PET to personalize treatment decisions in patients with lower-grade gliomas
Authors: Gaia Ninatti, Martina Sollini, Beatrice Bono, Noemi Gozzi, Daniil Fedorov, Lidija Antunovic, Fabrizia Gelardi, Pierina Navarria, Letterio S Politi, Federico Pessina, Arturo Chiti
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2022)

Abstract Background PET with radiolabeled amino acids is used in the preoperative evaluation of patients with glial neoplasms. This study aimed to assess the role of [11C]methionine (MET) PET in assessing molecular features, tumor extent, and prognosis in newly diagnosed lower-grade gliomas (LGGs) surgically treated. Methods One hundred and fifty-three patients with a new diagnosis of grade 2/3 glioma who underwent surgery at our Institution and were imaged preoperatively using [11C]MET PET/CT were retrospectively included. [11C]MET PET images were qualitatively and semi-quantitatively analyzed using tumor-to-background ratio (TBR). Progression-free survival (PFS) rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional-hazards regression was used to test the association of clinicopathological and imaging data to PFS. Results Overall, 111 lesions (73%) were positive, while thirty-two (21%) and ten (6%) were isometabolic and hypometabolic at [11C]MET PET, respectively. [11C]MET uptake was more common in oligodendrogliomas than IDH-mutant astrocytomas (87% vs 50% of cases, respectively). Among [11C]MET-positive gliomas, grade 3 oligodendrogliomas had the highest median TBRmax (3.22). In 25% of patients, PET helped to better delineate tumor margins compared to MRI only. In IDH-mutant astrocytomas, higher TBRmax values at [11C]MET PET were independent predictors of shorter PFS. Conclusions This work highlights the role of preoperative [11C]MET PET in estimating the type of suspected LGGs, assessing tumor extent, and predicting biological behavior and prognosis of histologically confirmed LGGs. Our findings support the implementation of [11C]MET PET in routine clinical practice to better manage these neoplasms.
Peptic Ulcer
Authors: C. F. W. Illingworth
Journal: BMJ (1952)

Most peptic ulcers encountered in practice are of chronic character.Whatever their precise cause, their progress depends, on the one hand, on the erosive action of the peptic juice and, on the other, on the natural processes of repair.Thus most ulcers are not static, but in a state of uneasy balance.At times, and for reasons which are not obvious, they become larger and deeper and angrier.At other times, and equally without reason, they grow smaller and shallower and less active, and the patient may then become symptom-free for periods to be measured in weeks or months.Sometimes indeed the ulcers heal spontaneously, and in those of recent origin the healing may be complete and permanent, but more often the scar is insecure and sooner or later it breaks down again.The aim of treatment in peptic ulcer is threefold ; to relieve symptoms, to obtain healing, and to prevent recurrence.
Hepatology Highlights
Journal: Hepatology (2022)

HepatologyVolume 75, Issue 3 p. 503-504 HEPATOLOGY HIGHLIGHTS Hepatology Highlights First published: 14 February 2022 https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.32350 EDITORS: Sumera Ilyas, Rochester, MN Juan Pablo Arab, Santiago, Chile Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume75, Issue3March 2022Pages 503-504 RelatedInformation
JHEP at a glance (April 2021)
Authors: Cristiana Bianco, Oveis Jamialahmadi, Serena Pelusi, Daniele Prati, Stefano Romeo, Luca Valenti, Greta Acerbi, Ilaria Montali, Domenico Gennaro, Daniele Ferrigno, Carlo Rio, Paola Ferrari, Aleksei Suslov, Marie-Anne Meier, Sylvia Ketterer, Xueya Wang, Stefan Wieland, Markus Heim
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2021)
MATERNAL SYPHILIS.
Authors: GEO. S. WHITESIDE
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Hereditary syphilis may be a transmission of disease from the father alone or from the mother alone or from both together. Maternal syphilis may be defined as only the disease of the pregnant woman, but to-day we may also consider, briefly, its influence on her offspring as well. Syphilis in the mother, without paternal disease, is rare; the reverse is common. The large majority of married women afflicted become so from their husbands. Bulkley records 85 cases out of 120, or almost 75 per cent. Obstetricians and gynecologists are daily called to examine pregnant women and often are the first to have a chance to observe syphilitic disease in the innocent young wife pregnant for the first time, and yet but brief mention is made of it in text-books and treatises on obstetrics and gynecology. The former are more than half devoted to operative obstetrics, and the latter almost wholly
Preventing vena cava compression
Authors: D. N. Groff
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Goldszer et al (241:724, 1979) reported a case of spontaneous pneumothorax with persistent leak treated with intrapleural instillation of tetracycline. This technique was based on the work of Wallach,<sup>1</sup>who has since amended his method of chemical pleurodesis. The modified regimen involves adding 15 mL of 1% lidocaine hydrochloride to the tetracycline solution before instillation. The lidocaine reduces the discomfort and usually eliminates the need for narcotic analgesics. I have been involved in a case of bilateral pleural fibrosis where therapy with tetracycline was employed, using lidocaine in one pleural space but not the other. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 62-year-old woman admitted to the hospital for a right pleural effusion was found to have adenocarcinoma of the ovary with Meigs' syndrome. Evaluation procedures included exploratory laparotomy. Before surgery a chest tube was placed in the right pleural space, and because of continued drainage after surgery,
Haemophilus epiglottitis.
Authors: J. D. Hill
Journal: BMJ (1968)

pupils; and in another, a woman of 38, the clinical picture closely resembled disseminated sclerosis.Nearly half (13 cases) were over the age of 60, and 6 of them were over the age of 70.It came as a surprise to find such a large number in my files.Comparable figures in the same period of other neurological diseases are subacute combined degeneration 32 cases, syringomyelia 27 cases.The figures confirm the view that the era of neurosyphilis is still very much with us.-I am, etc.,