tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Establishment of an African green monkey model for COVID-19 and protection against re-infection
Authors: Courtney Woolsey, Viktoriya Borisevich, Abhishek N. Prasad, Krystle N. Agans, Daniel J. Deer, Natalie S. Dobias, John C. Heymann, Stephanie L. Foster, Corri B. Levine, Liana Medina, Kevin Melody, Joan B. Geisbert, Karla A. Fenton, Thomas W. Geisbert, Robert W. Cross
Journal: Nature Immunology (2020)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for an unprecedented global pandemic of COVID-19. Animal models are urgently needed to study the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and to screen vaccines and treatments. We show that African green monkeys (AGMs) support robust SARS-CoV-2 replication and develop pronounced respiratory disease, which may more accurately reflect human COVID-19 cases than other nonhuman primate species. SARS-CoV-2 was detected in mucosal samples, including rectal swabs, as late as 15 days after exposure. Marked inflammation and coagulopathy in blood and tissues were prominent features. Transcriptome analysis demonstrated stimulation of interferon and interleukin-6 pathways in bronchoalveolar lavage samples and repression of natural killer cell- and T cell–associated transcripts in peripheral blood. Despite a slight waning in antibody titers after primary challenge, enhanced antibody and cellular responses contributed to rapid clearance after re-challenge with an identical strain. These data support the utility of AGM for studying COVID-19 pathogenesis and testing medical countermeasures. Geisbert and colleagues report that African green monkeys infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus develop disease symptoms that closely resemble those seen in infected humans, making this animal model a useful surrogate to investigate immune responses to coronavirus infection.
Sankofa—Highlighting Legacy in the Pursuit of Equity for Dementia Science
Authors: Carl V. Hill
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Health Needs of Mothers of Infants in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Sarah Verbiest, Renée Ferrari, Christine Tucker, Erin K. McClain, Nkechi Charles, Alison M. Stuebe
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Background: Mothers with babies in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) face a host of challenges following childbirth. Limited information is available on these mothers' postpartum health needs and access to services. Objective: To identify health needs of NICU mothers, access to services, and potential service improvements. Design: A mixed-methods study including a retrospective cohort study, in-depth interviews, and focus groups. Setting: Large, Level IV, regional referral, university-affiliated hospital in the United States. Participants: Mothers of live-born infants born from 1 July 2014 to 30 June 2016 (n = 6849). Interviews included 50 NICU mothers and 59 stakeholders who provide services to these mothers or their infants. Measurements: Severe maternal morbidity, chronic health conditions, health care encounters from discharge through 12 weeks postpartum, maternal health needs, care access, and system improvements. Results: Compared with mothers of well babies, NICU mothers had more chronic diseases, experienced more perinatal complications, and utilized more acute care postpartum. Qualitative analyses revealed the desire to be at the baby's bedside as a driver of maternal health-seeking behaviors, with women not seeking or delaying medical care so as to stay by their infant. Stakeholders acknowledged the unique needs of NICU mothers and cited system challenges, lack of clarity about provider roles, and reimbursement policies as barriers to meeting needs. Limitations: The study was conducted within a single health care system, which may limit generalizability. Qualitative analyses did not explore the influence of fathers, other children in the home, or length of NICU stay. Conclusion: Universal screening and convenient access to maternal health services for NICU mothers should be explored to reduce adverse maternal health outcomes. Primary Funding Source: Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Magnetic Resonance Identification of the Ventricular Tachycardia Critical Isthmus: Finding the Needle in the Haystack⁎⁎Editorials published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology reflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACC or the American College of Cardiology.
Authors: Henry R. Halperin, Saman Nazarian
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Effective control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in Wanzhou, China
Authors: Qiuling Shi, Yaoyue Hu, Bin Peng, Xiao-Jun Tang, Wei Wang, Kun Su, Chao Luo, Bo Wu, Fan Zhang, Yong Zhang, Benjamin Anderson, Xiao-Ni Zhong, Jing-Fu Qiu, Cheng Yong Yang, Ai-Long Huang
Journal: Nature Medicine (2020)

The effectiveness of control measures to contain coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wanzhou, China was assessed. Epidemiological data were analyzed for 183 confirmed COVID-19 cases and their close contacts from five generations of transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 throughout the entire COVID-19 outbreak in Wanzhou. Approximately 67.2% and 32.8% of cases were symptomatic and asymptomatic, respectively. Asymptomatic and presymptomatic transmission accounted for 75.9% of the total recorded transmission. The reproductive number was 1.64 (95% confidence interval: 1.16–2.40) for G1-to-G2 transmission, decreasing to 0.31–0.39 in later generations, concomitant with implementation of rigorous control measures. Substantially higher infection risk was associated with contact within 5 d after the infectors had been infected, frequent contact and ≥8 h of contact duration. The spread of COVID-19 was effectively controlled in Wanzhou by breaking the transmission chain through social distancing, extensive contact tracing, mass testing and strict quarantine of close contacts. Analysis of five generations of transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 from cases to contacts identifies a high rate of symptomless transmission and risk factors associated with spread of COVID-19.
Transient Versus Two‐Dimensional Shear‐Wave Elastography in a Multistep Strategy to Detect Advanced Fibrosis in NAFLD
Authors: Christophe Cassinotto, Jérome Boursier, Anita Paisant, Boris Guiu, Marie Irles‐Depe, Clémence Canivet, Christophe Aube, Victor de Ledinghen
Journal: Hepatology (2020)

The combination of laboratory and elastography tests allows the accurate diagnosis of advanced liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. In this study, we compared the diagnostic performances of a two-step strategy (laboratory tests and vibration-controlled transient elastography [VCTE] or two-dimensional shear-wave elastography with SuperSonic Imagine [2D-SWE-SSI]) and the added value of a three-step strategy (laboratory tests and two elastography methods).From a prospective registry, we retrospectively selected 577 consecutive patients with suspicion of NAFLD who underwent laboratory tests to calculate the Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score, liver stiffness evaluation by VCTE (M and XL probes) and 2D-SWE-SSI, and liver biopsy. The diagnostic performances and need for liver biopsy in unclassified patients for the diagnosis of advanced fibrosis (F ≥ 3) in multistep strategies were compared. The area under the curve of FIB-4, VCTE, and 2D-SWE-SSI was 0.74, 0.82, and 0.88, respectively. Using the same thresholds, the FIB-4/2D-SWE-SSI and FIB-4/VCTE diagnostic performances were comparable (sensitivity, 71.4% and 66%; specificity, 91.4% and 91.5%; and accuracy, 83.7% and 81.4%; all P = not significant). Conversely, more patients required liver biopsy after 2D-SWE-SSI (24.6% versus 15.3%, P < 0.001). Performing a second elastography technique in patients with unreliable or gray zone (between 8 and 10 kPa) results greatly decreased the need for liver biopsy (42/577, 7.3%). The diagnostic performances (accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity) of FIB-4/2D-SWE-SSI/VCTE and FIB-4/VCTE/2D-SWE-SSI were comparable (81.1%, 71.5%, and 87.9% versus 81.3%, 69.7%, and 89.5%, respectively; all P = not significant).Using the same cutoff values, 2D-SWE-SSI is as accurate as VCTE for advanced liver fibrosis diagnosis in NAFLD. The three-step strategy in selected patients strongly decreased the need for liver biopsy while maintaining excellent accuracy.
Abstract 14610: Determination of Pediatric CPR Compression Rate During In-Hospital Resuscitation From Continuous Patient-Monitoring ECG Waveforms
Authors: Eric D Helfenbein, Althea Rogers, Ashley Carroll, Lynda J Knight, Felice Su, Christopher J Newth, Saeed Babaeizadeh
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: AHA pediatric/neonatal cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) resuscitation guidelines for chest compression (CC) rate and depth have not been optimized to the same extent as adults. Due to a l...
15302 Psoriasis area and severity index component improvements at week 48 in patients treated with guselkumab compared with secukinumab: Findings from the ECLIPSE study
Authors: Richard G. Langley, Kurt Gebauer Probity, Petr Arenberger, Susan Flavin, Ming-Chun Hsu, Shu Li, Melinda Gooderham, Bruce Randazzo, April W. Armstrong
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Christopher James Thomas
Authors: Michael Hall
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Christopher James Thomas was the second son of Graham, a consultant pathologist, and Marie Ruth (“Billie”) Thomas. He was born in Southend, moved to Beckenham with his family, and went to school at St Dunstan’s College in Catford.

He qualified from Guy’s Hospital, where he completed his first house job and met his future wife, Jenny, a student nurse on a surgical ward. While still in London he passed his MRCP and then moved to Manchester where he undertook …
Mental Illness and the Family
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THU0148 Demographic and clinical characteristics in longstanding rheumatoid arthritis: a three country comparison
Authors: MC Lodder, G Haugeberg, WF Lems, T Uhlig, BA Dijkmans, TK Kvien, AD Woolf
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> <h3>Objectives</h3> The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to compare the demographic and clinical characteristics of postmenopausal women with longstanding rheumatoid arthritis (RA) between general rheumatology clinics in three European countries. <h3>Methods</h3> A total of 150 female patients with RA (50 per centre), aged between 50 and 70 years and a disease duration of 5 or more years attending a general rheumatology clinic, were consecutively included as part of the OSTRA study. Demographic and clinical data were collected according to standardised procedures. Hand X-rays (Larsen) were read by one observer. Mean ± SD are presented in case of normal distribution; median (range) in skewed data. Groups were compared by means of ANOVA. Kruskal-Wallis or Chi square test were performed when appropriate. <h3>Results</h3> Mean age (61 ± 6 years), disease duration (14(5–53) years), and rheumatoid factor status (63% positive) were similar in the three centres. BMI (kg/m<sup>2</sup>) values 23.0 ± 2.9 in Oslo, 25.7 ± 3.8 in Amsterdam and 27.7 ± 6.0 in Truro respectively, differed between the 3 centres (p = 0.000<sup>ab</sup>). Visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain (MM) differed between the 3 countries (p = 0.02<sup>c)</sup>. Post hoc test difference <sup>a</sup>Oslo-Truro, <sup>b</sup>Oslo-Amsterdam, <sup>c</sup>Truro-Amsterdam. <h3>Conclusion</h3> These comparisons may reflect different lifestyle and treatment strategies in the different countries with consequent different outcome.
99mTc-PSMA SPECT/CT Versus 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT in the Evaluation of Metastatic Prostate Cancer
Authors: Babak Fallahi, Niloufar Khademi, Najme Karamzade-Ziarati, Armaghan Fard-Esfahani, Alireza Emami-Ardekani, Saeed Farzanefar, Mohammad Eftekhari, Davood Beiki
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

99mTc-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) SPECT/CT is less expensive and readily available modality compared with 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT for imaging prostate cancer (PC). The aim of this study is to compare the value of these 2 modalities in patients confirmed or suspicious to have metastatic prostate cancer.Twenty-two patients with the mean age of 66.6 ± 10.1 years were studied using 99mTc-PSMA SPECT/CT and 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT, with less than 7 days interval between the 2 imaging procedures. Whole-body PET/CT was done 60 minutes after IV injection of 185 MBq (5 mCi) of 68Ga-PSMA. 99mTc-PSMA SPECT/CT was performed 3 hours after IV injection of 555 to 740 MBq (15-20 mCi) of 99mTc-PSMA. The images of each modality were interpreted independently, and the results were compared according to patient-based as well as region-based analyses.In patient-based evaluation, both 99mTc-PSMA SPECT/CT and 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT scans were positive in 95.45% (21/22). In region-based evaluation, 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT detected 53 regions (median of 2 regions per patient; range, 0-5), whereas 43 (median of 2 regions per patient; range, 0-5) were detected by 99mTc-PSMA SPECT/CT. Most of these differences could be explained by lower detection rate of 99mTc-PSMA SPECT/CT in prostate bed (n = 6). PET/CT detected more involved regions than SPECT/CT (P = 0.007), whereas similar frequency of extraprostatic lesions were diagnosed in both modalities (P = 0.102). Significant correlation was also demonstrated between serum prostate-specific antigen level and imaging parameters of disease extension detected by 2 modalities.99mTc-PSMA SPECT/CT could be a potential substitute for 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT in high-risk patients, except when evaluation of prostate bed is of major concern.
Assessment of physiological signs associated with COVID-19 measured using wearable devices
Authors: Aravind Natarajan, Hao-Wei Su, Conor Heneghan
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2020)

Abstract Respiration rate, heart rate, and heart rate variability (HRV) are some health metrics that are easily measured by consumer devices, which can potentially provide early signs of illness. Furthermore, mobile applications that accompany wearable devices can be used to collect relevant self-reported symptoms and demographic data. This makes consumer devices a valuable tool in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. Data on 2745 subjects diagnosed with COVID-19 (active infection, PCR test) were collected from May 21 to September 11, 2020, consisting of PCR positive tests conducted between February 16 and September 9. Considering male (female) participants, 11.9% (11.2%) of the participants were asymptomatic, 48.3% (47.8%) recovered at home by themselves, 29.7% (33.7%) recovered at home with the help of someone else, 9.3% (6.6%) required hospitalization without ventilation, and 0.5% (0.4%) required ventilation. There were a total of 21 symptoms reported, and the prevalence of symptoms varies by sex. Fever was present in 59.4% of male subjects and in 52% of female subjects. Based on self-reported symptoms alone, we obtained an AUC of 0.82 ± 0.017 for the prediction of the need for hospitalization. Based on physiological signs, we obtained an AUC of 0.77 ± 0.018 for the prediction of illness on a specific day. Respiration rate and heart rate are typically elevated by illness, while HRV is decreased. Measuring these metrics, taken in conjunction with molecular-based diagnostics, may lead to better early detection and monitoring of COVID-19.
Possible Reverse Causation and Confounding in Study of the Association of Sedentary Behavior With Cancer Mortality
Authors: Leandro F. M. Rezende, Dong Hoon Lee, Edward Giovannucci
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
15353 Presence of psoriatic arthritis has no impact on the clinical efficacy and safety of secukinumab in patients with psoriasis: Pooled analysis of four phase 3 clinical trials
Authors: Alice B. Gottlieb, April W. Armstrong, Boni Elizabeth Elewski, Joseph F. Merola, Braulio Gomez, Xiangyi Meng, Kwaku Marfo, Mark Lebwohl
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Nucleoporin 210 Serves a Key Scaffold for SMARCB1 in Liver Cancer
Authors: Seong Hwi Hong, Keun Hong Son, Sang Yun Ha, Tae In Wee, Sung Kyung Choi, Ji Eun Won, Hee Dong Han, Youngtae Ro, Yeong-Min Park, Jung Woo Eun, Suk Woo Nam, Jeung-Whan Han, Keunsoo Kang, Jueng Soo You
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

The roles of chromatin remodelers and their underlying mechanisms of action in cancer remain unclear. In this study, SMARCB1, known initially as a bona fide tumor suppressor gene, was investigated in liver cancer. SMARCB1 was highly upregulated in patients with liver cancer and was associated with poor prognosis. Loss- and gain-of-function studies in liver cells revealed that SMARCB1 loss led to reduced cell proliferation, wound healing capacity, and tumor growth in vivo. Although upregulated SMARCB1 appeared to contribute to switch/sucrose nonfermentable (SWI/SNF) complex stability and integrity, it did not act using its known pathways antagonism with EZH2 or association between TP53 or AMPK. SMARCB1 knockdown induced a mild reduction in global H3K27 acetylation, and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing of SMARCB1 and acetylated histone H3K27 antibodies before and after SMARCB1 loss identified Nucleoporin210 (NUP210) as a critical target of SMARCB1, which bound its enhancer and changed H3K27Ac enrichment and downstream gene expression, particularly cholesterol homeostasis and xenobiotic metabolism. Notably, NUP210 was not only a putative tumor supporter involved in liver cancer but also acted as a key scaffold for SMARCB1 and P300 to chromatin. Furthermore, SMARCB1 deficiency conferred sensitivity to doxorubicin and P300 inhibitor in liver cancer cells. These findings provide insights into mechanisms underlying dysregulation of chromatin remodelers and show novel associations between nucleoporins and chromatin remodelers in cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: This study reveals a novel protumorigenic role for SMARCB1 and describes valuable links between nucleoporins and chromatin remodelers in cancer by identifying NUP210 as a critical coregulator of SMARCB1 chromatin remodeling activity.
Abstract 17142: A Real-world Experience For Implantable Loop Recorder Monitoring To Detect Subclinical Atrial Fibrillation In Patients With Cryptogenic Stroke
Authors: Daniel Marks, Rady Ho, Karim Nathan, Joshua Weinstock, Krystal Hunter, Matthew Ortman, Andrea M Russo
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Cryptogenic stroke represents approximately 30% of all ischemic strokes. Clinical studies have shown that implantable loop recorders (ILRs) may identify subclinical AF in up to 1/3 of...