tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 111: Outcomes for Patients Receiving Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation During Novel Coronavirus Outbreak in The United States
Authors: Priyanka Sheth, Habeeb F Kazimuddin, Douglas McElroy, Aniruddha Singh
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Since the start of the novel coronavirus outbreak in the U.S., the CDC and AHA have introduced new CPR guidelines involving increased precautions for protecting healthcare providers from infection. These precautions have been widely adopted for both known and potential COVID+ patients despite debate over increased strain on CPR providers and potentially inferior outcomes. In order to bridge the knowledge gap surrounding safe, effective CPR practices in the presence of COVID-19, patient outcomes for codes performed in our medical center since March 2020 were compared to those of the same time last year. Methods: A total of 94 hospital codes across 80 patients were included. Age, BMI, and code duration were tested for significant differences in means between groups using ANOVA, with pairwise comparisons done using Tukey’s HSD test. Discrete variables were tested for significant differences among groups using chi-square association tests. Results: Groups were well matched on patient characteristics. There were no significant differences in age, comorbidities, or rhythm type among groups. COVID+ patients had significantly higher BMI than non-COVID patients. Code duration was significantly greater in the COVID+ group. However, there was no significant difference in code survival; 5 of 10 COVID+ patients (50%) survived the code event, compared to 54 of 84 (64%) non-COVID patients. Only 1 of 10 (10%) COVID+ patients was discharged alive vs. 18 of 71 non-COVID patients (25%); while not significant, this difference is perhaps worthy of further attention. Conclusions: Patient outcomes between 2019 and 2020 were comparable, indicating that extra precautions taken by healthcare personnel during the COVID-19 outbreak are not degrading the quality of CPR administered. However, COVID+ patients had significantly longer code durations than non-COVID patients in both years, suggesting a greater difficulty in restoring spontaneous circulation in the virus group.
Abstract 15818: Three-dimensional Electroanatomic Mapping of Human Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: Terrence Pong, Kevin J Cyr, Joy Aparicio Valenzuela, Meghedi Babakhanian, Paul J Wang, Anson M LEE
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: The localization of sources responsible for erratic ventricular tachycardia signaling can be facilitated by high-resolution epicardial mapping. Here, we describe an approach for epicardial mapping using 3D printed electrode mapping arrays. We utilize these mapping arrays to perform global beat-to-beat epicardial mapping of ex vivo Langendorff perfused human hearts and demonstrate the ability to identify sources of ventricular tachycardia. Hypothesis: The identification of ventricular tachycardia sources can be facilitated by epicardial mapping with 3D printed flexible mapping arrays. Methods: Epicardial shells were printed using a stereolithography 3D printer using flexible photopolymer resin followed by coupling with custom-designed flexible electrode arrays. Global electroanatomic maps were obtained from Langendorff perfused human hearts during sinus rhythm and after extra stimulus pacing induced ventricular tachycardia. Results: We demonstrate the use of 3D-printed electrode mapping arrays to perform global electroanatomic mapping of the human ventricular epicardium. Flexible 3D printed electrode arrays facilitate high spatial-temporal capture of electrophysiological data in Langendorff perfused human hearts and are capable of identifying epicardial sites of ventricular tachycardia. Conclusions: We report on flexible electrode mapping arrays shaped to match the epicardial contours of the human left and right ventricle. We demonstrate the ability to perform high spatiotemporal resolution mapping of human epicardial signals and demonstrate beat-to-beat global capture of ventricular tachycardia.
Abstract 203: Thoracic Impedance Reflects Differences Between Endotracheal and Laryngeal Advanced Airway During Mechanical Chest Compressions
Authors: Xabier Jaureguibeitia, Elisabete Aramendi, Unai Irusta, Ahamed H Idris, Henry E Wang
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Background: Ventilations during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) produce thoracic impedance(TI) waveforms due to air volume changes in the lungs. Different airway management techniques, i.e. laryngeal tube (LT) and endotracheal intubation (ETI), may produce distinct TI waveforms as a result of different air flows and dead space volumes. Methods: Adult OHCA cases from the Pragmatic Airway Resuscitation Trial were analyzed. Cases recorded with Philips MRx monitor-defibrillators and treated with LUCAS mechanical CPR devices were considered, ensuring homogeneous TI acquisition and compression therapy. Impedance and capnogram signal intervals were extracted after successful airway insertion and during ongoing chest compressions. Ventilations were confirmed in the capnogram, and the associated TI waveforms were analyzed. Adaptive filtering was applied to remove compression artifacts, and the amplitudes (A i , A e ) and durations (D i , D e ) of the insufflation and exhalation phases were computed (see Figure). Each case was characterized by its observed median values. Differences between airway groups were assessed with a Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results: Data from 100 OHCA cases (57 LT and 43 ETI) were analyzed, totaling 10348 ventilations, with median (IQR) of 87 (51 - 146) ventilations per case. Median TI amplitudes for ETI and LT groups showed significant differences (p&lt;0.05), with 1.1 (0.7 - 1.8) Ω and 0.7 (0.3 - 1.3) Ω for A i , and 1.0 (0.7 - 1.6) Ω and 0.6 (0.3 - 1.2) Ω for A e . No significant differences were observed for phase durations, 1.6 (1.3 - 2.0) s and 1.6 (1.2 - 1.8) s for D i , and 2.3 (1.8 - 3.3) s and 2.6 (2.0 - 3.3) s for D e . Conclusions: Significant differences on ventilation impedance waveform amplitudes were observed between patients treated with ETI and LT. This might be related to higher insufflated air volumes for ETI or larger dead space volumes for LT.
Abstract 12119: Impact of Emergency Premedication Regimen in Patients With Contrast Allergy Before Undergoing Elective and Nonelective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Kunal Jha, Andrea Berger, James C Blankenship
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Patients undergoing non-elective PCI are at higher risk of adverse outcome than those undergoing elective PCI. In certain situations, subgroups with contrast allergy are treated with ...
Stairway Plot 2: demographic history inference with folded SNP frequency spectra
Authors: Xiaoming Liu, Yun-Xin Fu
Journal: Genome biology (2020)

Abstract Inferring the demographic histories of populations has wide applications in population, ecological, and conservation genomics. We present Stairway Plot 2, a cross-platform program package for this task using SNP frequency spectra. It is based on a nonparametric method with the capability of handling folded SNP frequency spectra (that is, when the ancestral alleles of the SNPs are unknown) of thousands of samples produced with genotyping-by-sequencing technologies; therefore, it is particularly suitable for nonmodel organisms.
The Effect of Blood Lipids on the Left Ventricle
Authors: Nay Aung, Mihir M. Sanghvi, Stefan K. Piechnik, Stefan Neubauer, Patricia B. Munroe, Steffen E. Petersen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)

Cholesterol and triglycerides are among the most well-known risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
Colchicine for Secondary Cardiovascular Prevention in Coronary Disease
Authors: François Roubille, Jean-Claude Tardif
Journal: Circulation (2020)

teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
Not All Heart Uptakes on 99mTc-DPD Scintigraphy Are Amyloidosis
Authors: Cristina Gamila Wakfie-Corieh, Noemí Ramos López, Melchor Saiz-Pardo Sanz, María Jesús Pérez Castejón, Isidre Vilacosta
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

Abstract This was the case of a 61-year-old woman with a medical history significant for hypertension and rheumatoid arthritis treated with chloroquine for the last 10 years. She was admitted to our hospital for heart failure symptoms. Echocardiography revealed severe concentric left ventricular hypertrophy. Serum and urine immunofixation electrophoresis and serum light chain assay were negative. No late gadolinium enhancement was observed on cardiovascular magnetic resonance. 99m Tc- 99m Tc-DPD (3,3-diphosphono-1,2-propanodicarboxylic acid) scintigraphy showed myocardial uptake (Perugini score 2/3). Genetic testing excluded hereditary transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis. Endomyocardial biopsy analysis did not show findings suggestive of amyloidosis but consistent with chloroquine toxicity. Chloroquine-mediated cardiotoxicity is rare, and there are very few reports about bone scintigraphy imaging features.
During the COVID-19 Pandemic, Lung Specialists of the World Implore You: Inhale Only Clean Air
Authors: Lekshmi Santhosh, Anita Oh, Abdullah Alismail, Anna Breiburg, Naftali Kaminski, Graham Carlos, Shazia Jamil
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2020)

"During the COVID-19 Pandemic, Lung Specialists of the World Implore You: Inhale Only Clean Air." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 0(ja), pp.
Partha Kar: Learning to live with failure
Authors: Partha Kar
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Learning to live with failure Partha Kar consultant in diabetes and endocrinologyAccepting failure is tricky, and more so when it's not due to your own failings but a result of circumstances beyond your control-or, indeed, a pandemic.We will, in time, move beyond continually reporting on covid-19 cases and deaths, to a future where we start talking about vaccines, recovering services, and trying to regain a degree of normality.And healthcare staff will need to appreciate that, in some areas, we may indeed have "failed" as a result of factors outside our control.
The Epidemiological Importance of Subclinical Tuberculosis. A Critical Reappraisal
Authors: Emily A. Kendall, Sourya Shrestha, David W. Dowdy
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2020)

Subclinical tuberculosis includes disease forms that are detectable by radiographic or microbiological assays but do not cause recognizable symptoms. Population-based prevalence surveys demonstrate that the majority of individuals with culture-positive tuberculosis and corresponding radiographic abnormalities lack recognizable symptoms. Subclinical tuberculosis is often conceptualized as an early stage that generally progresses to recognizable active tuberculosis disease within months. However, many individuals with subclinical tuberculosis likely never develop recognizable symptoms, and consequently are never identified as having tuberculosis. A growing body of evidence indicates that, in high-burden settings, people with tuberculosis spend more time in a subclinical state than they spend with recognizable symptoms, and that people with subclinical tuberculosis may be infectious. As such, the subclinical period may represent a long window of potential Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission. To appropriately prioritize interventions, there is a need to quantify the amount of transmission that occurs during the subclinical period, including the contribution of those who never develop clinically symptomatic disease. If individuals with subclinical tuberculosis are responsible for a large fraction of M. tuberculosis transmission, then ambitious reductions in tuberculosis incidence cannot be achieved without greater focus on early detection and treatment of subclinical tuberculosis. Novel diagnostic assays, population-based studies, and bioinformatic techniques could be used to better estimate the contribution of individuals with subclinical tuberculosis to overall transmission. This knowledge can help us understand whether finding and treating people with subclinical tuberculosis is essential or extraneous as part of a comprehensive strategy to end the epidemic.
Abstract 14648: Gender Differences in Procedural Complications Associated With Atrial Fibrillation Catheter Ablation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of 244,353 Patients
Authors: Martin L Campbell, John Larson, Talha Farid, Stacy Westerman, Michael S Lloyd, Anand D Shah, Angel R Leon, Mikhael F El-Chami, Faisal Merchant
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Women undergoing atrial fibrillation catheter ablation (AFCA) have higher rates of vascular complications and major bleeding. However, studies have been underpowered to detect differences in rare complications such as stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) and procedural mortality. Methods: We performed a systematic review of databases (PubMed, World of Science, Embase) to identify studies published since 2010 reporting AFCA complications by gender. Six complications of interest were: 1) vascular/groin complications; 2) pericardial effusion/tamponade; 3) stroke/TIA; 4) permanent phrenic nerve injury; 5) major bleeding &amp; 6) procedural mortality. For meta-analysis, random effects models were used when heterogeneity between studies was ≥ 50% (vascular complications, major bleeding) and fixed effects models for other endpoints. Results: Of 5716 citations, 19 studies met inclusion criteria, comprising 244,353 patients undergoing AFCA, of whom 33% were women. Women were older (65.3 ± 11.2 vs. 60.4 ± 13.2 years), more likely hypertensive (60.6 vs. 55.5%) and diabetic (18.3 vs. 16.5%) and had higher CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc scores (3.0 ± 1.8 vs. 1.4 ± 1.4) (p&lt;0.0001 for all comparisons). The rates of all 6 complications were significantly higher in women (Table). However, despite statistically significant differences, the overall incidences of major complications were very low in both genders: stroke/TIA (women 0.51 vs. men 0.39%) and procedural mortality (women 0.25 vs. men 0.18%). Conclusion: Women experience significantly higher rates of AFCA complications. However, the incidence of major procedural complications is very low in both genders. The higher rate of complications in women may be partially attributable to older age and a higher prevalence of comorbidities at the time of ablation. More detailed studies are needed to better define the mechanisms of increased risk in women and to identify strategies for closing the gender gap.
Abstract 17207: Impact of Racial Differences in Treatment Intensification and Missed Visits on Disparities in BP Control
Authors: Valy Fontil, Lucia Pacca, Brandon Bellows, Elaine Khoong, Charles McCulloch, Mark Pletcher, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Hypertensive black patients have the lowest rates of blood pressure (BP) control. It is unknown to what extent variation in healthcare processes like treatment intensification (TI) and missed visits explain this disparity. Hypothesis: We hypothesized there would be no racial differences in TI but missed visits would be more frequent among black patients and mediate a sizable percentage of BP control disparities. Methods: We used a structural equation multivariate regression model to estimate the likelihood of BP control (BP&lt;140/90 mm Hg) in black vs. white hypertensive patients, mediated by TI and missed visits. We included 6,556 patients who had diagnosis of hypertension and at least one clinic visit with uncontrolled BP (≥140/90 mm Hg) in 12 safety-net clinics in San Francisco from 2015-2017.We used the standard-based method (SBM), which is predictive of BP control, to calculate TI (dose increase or medication addition). We measured missed visits as the number of “no-shows” in the four weeks after an uncontrolled BP. BP control was defined based on the most recent BP as of Nov 15, 2017. The model adjusted for gender, age, first recorded BP between Jan 2015 and Nov 2017, visit frequency, and diagnosis of diabetes. Results: The mean (SD) age was 57.0 (11.2), 41% were female, and 44% were black. Compared to whites, blacks had more missed opportunities for TI (β=-0.02, p&lt;0.001) and missed more visits (β=0.37, p&lt;0.001). After accounting for these differences, black patients remained less likely than whites to achieve BP control (β=0.16, OR=0.85, 95% CI=0.76-0.95). The indirect effect of decreased TI and missed visits accounted for 22% and 13% of the total effect of black race on BP control, respectively (Figure). Conclusion: Racial inequities in treatment intensification may be responsible for over 20 percent of racial disparities in hypertension. Efforts to ensure more equitable treatment intensification may reduce black-white disparities in BP control.
多リガンド受容体であるメガリンをコードするLRP2の突然変異はDonnai-Barrow症候群およびfacio-oculo-acoustico-renal症候群を引き起こす | 文献情報 | J-GLOBAL 科学技術総合リンクセンター
Authors: Kantarci Sibel, Al-Gazali Lihadh, Hill R Sean, Donnai Dian, Black Graeme C M, Bieth Eric, Chassaing Nicolas, Lacombe Didier, Devriendt Koen, Teebi Ahmad, Loscertales Maria, Robson Caroline, Liu Tianming, Maclaughlin David T, Noonan Kristin M, Russell Meaghan K, Walsh Christopher A, Donahoe Patricia K, Pober Barbara R
Journal: Nature Genetics (2007)
N-of-1 Trial of a Statin, Placebo, or No Treatment to Assess Side Effects
Authors: Frances A. Wood, James P. Howard, Judith A. Finegold, Alexandra N. Nowbar, David M. Thompson, Ahran D. Arnold, Christopher A. Rajkumar, Susan Connolly, Jaimini Cegla, Chris Stride, Peter Sever, Christine Norton, Simon A.M. Thom, Matthew J. Shun-Shin, Darrel P. Francis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

of N-of-1 trial of a statin, placebo, or no treatment to assess side effects.
Abstract 12731: Acute Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II Inhibition Augments Cardiomyocyte Contractility and Improves β-Adrenergic Regulation in Experimental Hypertension of Transgenic Rats Expressing Human Angiotensinogen Gene
Authors: Xiaoqiang Sun, Jing Cao, Qun Shao, Heng Jie Cheng, Yixi Liu, Zhe Chen, Jessica VonCannon, Carlos M Ferrario, Che Cheng
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Background: Previously we showed that rats expressing the human angiotensinogen (AGT) gene (hAogen) exhibit sustained hypertension and cardiac dysfunction, associated with increased cardiac angiotensin II (Ang II). Recent evidence indicates that Ang II increases CaMKII activation which plays a crucial role in ANG II-related pathological processes associated with hypertension, hypertrophy and cardiac dysfunction. Although CaMKII inhibitors are being developed as safe and effective therapeutic agents, their mechanism of action remains to be fully understood. We tested the hypothesis that in hAogen rats, CaMKII is upregulated. Increased CaMKII activation may produce direct depression in LV myocyte basal function and β-adrenergic reserve. Acute inactivation of CaMKII with KN93 would have beneficial actions in hAogen. Methods: We compared LV myocyte CaMKIIδ expression and activity and myocyte functional performance in 10 Sprague Dawley (SD) control and 10 hAogen male rats. In hAogen, we further assessed myocyte contractile and [Ca 2+ ] i transient ([Ca 2+ ] iT ) responses to β-AR stimulation by isoproterenol (ISO, 10 -8 M) with and without pretreatment of myocytes with KN93 (10 -6 M, 30 min). Results: Versus SD, in hAogen myocytes, the CaMKIIδ protein levels (19%, 0.50 vs 0.42) and CaMKIIδ phosphorylation (at Thr 287 ) (35%, 0.27 vs 0.20) were significantly increased. These changes were followed by significantly reduced cell contraction (dL/dtmax, 104.9 vs 138.4 μm/s), relaxation (dR/dtmax, 93.0 vs 104.2 μm/s) and [Ca 2+ ] iT (0.15 vs 0.20). ISO-stimulated increases in dL/dtmax (43% vs 62%), dR/dtmax (32% vs 49%) and [Ca 2+ ] iT (19% vs 29%) were also significantly reduced. Moreover, in hAogen myocytes, pretreatment with KN93 markedly improved myocyte basal contraction (134.4 μm/s), relaxation (107.4 μm/s) and [Ca 2+ ] iT (0.20). ISO-induced increases in dL/dtmax (60%), dR/dtmax (50%), and [Ca 2+ ] iT (31%) were also significantly augmented. Conclusions: In rats harboring the human AGT gene, upregulation of CaMKIIδ has adverse functional effects. Acute endogenous CaMKII activation exacerbates LV myocyte dysfunction and β-AR desensitization. Inhibition of CaMKII has a significant beneficial impact in this established humanized model of hypertension.
Abstract 16264: Ace-inhibitors and Vasoplegia in the Post Cabg Population/valvular Surgery Population: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Brice Nouthe, Christian Ngongang Ouankou, Marco Spaziano, yin T sia
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Chronic use of ACE-i has been presented as a risk factor of post operative vasoplegia after cardiac surgery. However, a recent meta analysis of studies in the general cardiac surgery population identified renal failure as the only pre-operative risk factor for vasoplegia. We sought to systematically review the relationship of chronic ACE-i and vasoplegia in patients undergoing CABG /valve surgery. Hypothesis: Studies on vasoplegia after CABG / valve surgery were extracted by a research librarian (registered review CRD42017072923) before bias and quality of studies were assessed. We adjudicated vasoplegia as MAP &lt; 60 mmHg and use of at least one non dopaminergic vasoactive drug up to 4 hours post operatively. Otherwise, studies reported vasoplegia as MAP &lt; 60 mmHg, CI &gt; 2.5 l/min/m2 and SVR &lt; 600 dynes/sec/cm2 in the CSICU. We pooled the incidence of vasoplegia then completed a meta-analysis with random effect model using RevMan and Stata. Methods: Of the 2337 articles obtained (1940 non relevant, 22 reviews, 5 duplicates and 5 editorials), we pre-selected 365 abstracts and summarized data from 8,818 patients out of 7 articles selected after full text review. Results: All but one study looked at patients with LVEF &gt; 40%. The pooled incidence of vasoplegia was 11.2% (95% CI 4.7-28.2). The OR of vasoplegia in patients on chronic ACE-i was 1.74 (95% CI: 1.47-2.06). We could not investigate the importance of pre-existing renal failure on the risk of post operative vasoplegia in patients on ACE-i. Accounting for substantial heterogeneity, the Egger test was in favour of small-study effects due to the number of cases of vasoplegia and the size of the cohorts studied (p=0.073). Conclusions: The risk of vasoplegia seems to be higher in patients on ACE-i undergoing CABG/valve surgery in this population. Two RCT's (161 patients) did not prove the benefit of temporary discontinuation of RAS blockade on the incidence of distributive shock during the first days after surgery. Because ACE-i are frequently prescribed in patients awaiting CABG, our work calls for larger and more elaborated studies to reduce the risk of vasoplegia.
Mutational Landscape and Evolutionary Pattern of Liver and Brain Metastasis in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Tao Jiang, Zhaoyuan Fang, Shijie Tang, Ruirui Cheng, Yanan Li, Shengxiang Ren, Chunxia Su, Weijie Min, Xianchao Guo, Wei Zhu, Henghui Zhang, Likun Hou, Yuanwei Pan, Zhigang Zhou, Jun Zhang, Guojun Zhang, Zhijian Yue, Luonan Chen, Caicun Zhou
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2020)