tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reversal of exercise-induced hemodynamic and electrocardiographic abnormalities after coronary artery bypass surgery.
Authors: R JSarma, M ESanmarco
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Forty patients (35 men and five women) who experienced hypotension during maximal symptom-limited exercise test were retested after a 12 +/- 4-month interval. Mean age was 53.5 years. All patients had multiple-vessel disease. Seventeen patients underwent coronary artery bypass surgery because of disabling angina, and 23 patients without disabling angina continued under medical management. At entry, there were no significant differences in age, left ventricular function or exercise performance between the medical and surgical groups. At follow-up, the surgical group showed an average increase in the exercise duration of 2.2 +/- 1.7 minutes (p less than 0.001), maximal heart rate of 17 +/- 15 beats/min (p less than 0.001), maximal systolic blood pressure of 26 +/- 23 mm Hg (p less than 0.001) and maximal rate-pressure product of 60 +/- 41 (p less than 0.001). These measurements did not change significantly in the medically managed group. Exercise-induced hypotension is apparently caused by ischemic left ven...
Comparative effects of nitroglycerin, nifedipine and metoprolol on regional left ventricular function in patients with one-vessel coronary disease.
Authors: MPfisterer, LGlaus, FBurkart
Journal: Circulation (1983)

To compare acute effects of nitroglycerin (0.8 mg sublingually), nifedipine (5 ng/kg/min i.v.) and metoprolol (0.15 mg/kg i.v.) on normal, ischemic and scarred myocardial segments in man, we performed simultaneous hemodynamic and radionuclide measurements of left ventricular functions. Sixteen patients with isolated left anterior descending (LAD) disease were studied at rest and during exercise. Nine patients had angina and exercise-induced ischemia (LAD stenosis) and seven patients had previous transmural myocardial infarction and no ischemic changes during thallium imaging (LAD occlusion). The effects of the drugs on regional ejection fraction of the involved anteroseptal region and the normal posterolateral area were compared. Global ejection fraction at rest did not change after nitroglycerin, increased after nifedipine and decreased after metoprolol. In patients with ischemia, the exercise ejection fraction improved after all drugs due to increased regional ejection fraction in ischemic segments: i.e...
The tricuspid valve annulus: study of size and motion in normal subjects and in patients with tricuspid regurgitation.
Authors: CTei, J PPilgrim, P MShah, J AOrmiston, MWong
Journal: Circulation (1982)

The tricuspid valve leaflets and their annular attachments were recorded by two-dimensional echocardiography from a view of the right ventricular inflow tract obtained by placing the transducer at an intermediate position between the left ventricular apex and the left lower sternal border. The transducer was rotated, and recordings were made at 30 degrees rotational intervals around the circumference of the tricuspid valve annulus. The cyclical pattern of variations in tricuspid annular size was studied with 12 measurements made during the cardiac cycle in five normal subjects. Annular areas and circumferences were measured. The overall motion pattern was similar to that reported in normal mitral valve annular study. Subsequently, in 16 normal subjects and 18 patients with tricuspid regurgitation, the maximum and minimum tricuspid annular sizes and their percent reduction were measured. The mean maximum annular circumference and area were 11.9 +/- 0.9 cm (mean +/- SD) and 11.3 +/- 1.8 cm2 in normal subjec...
Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: L Fuccio, L Laterza, R M Zagari, V Cennamo, D Grilli, F. Bazzoli
Journal: BMJ (2008)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the protein expression of connexin 43 (Cx43) in primary urothelial bladder cancer and test its association with the histopathological characteristics and clinical outcome. <h3>Methods</h3> A tissue microarray containing 348 tissue samples from 174 patients with primary urothelial carcinomas of the bladder was immunohistochemically stained for Cx43. The intensity of staining was semiquantitatively evaluated (score 0, 1+, 2+), and the association with clinicopathological features was assessed. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to identify predictors for progression-free survival (PFS). <h3>Results</h3> Membranous Cx43 immunoreactivity was detected in 118 (67.8%) of 174 analysable urothelial carcinomas, of which 31 (17.8%) showed even a strong (score 2+) and mainly homogeneous staining. Strong expression levels of Cx43 (score 2+) were associated with higher tumour grade, multiplicity and increased proliferation (all p&lt;0.05). In the subgroup of patients with stage pTa and pT1 bladder tumours (n=158), strong Cx43 expression (p&lt;0.001), solid growth pattern (p&lt;0.001) and increased Ki-67 proliferation fraction (p&lt;0.05) were significantly associated with shorter PFS in an univariable Cox regression analysis. In multivariable Cox regression models, Cx43 immunoreactivity and histological growth pattern remained highly significant and adverse risk factors for PFS. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The expression levels of Cx43 are frequent in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), with high expression levels being associated with poor prognosis. Routine assessment of Cx43 expression may improve the identification of high-risk NMIBC.
Coronary vasoconstriction induced by vasopressin. Production of myocardial ischemia in dogs by constriction of nondiseased small vessels.
Authors: M FMaturi, S EMartin, DMarkle, MMaxwell, C RBurruss, ESpeir, RGreene, Y MRo, DVitale, M VGreen
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDWe studied the effect of intracoronary administration of arginine-8-vasopressin on blood flow in nondiseased coronary arteries and determined whether this vasoconstriction was severe enough to produce ischemia in 30 dogs.METHODS AND RESULTSIn group 1 (n = 6), after vasopressin administration coronary blood flow was decreased by 41% (p less than 0.002) without changes in heart rate or aortic pressure, and left ventricular ejection fraction measured by radionuclide angiocardiography was decreased by 18% (p less than 0.0005). In group 2 (n = 6), ischemia was confirmed by measurement of transmural pH changes. Administration of vasopressin decreased subendocardial pH of the infused zone from 7.40 +/- 0.03 to 7.31 +/- 0.07 (p less than 0.01). The subendocardial pH of the zone not infused with vasopressin did not change. To overcome the intrinsic regulation of blood flow, operating primarily in small coronary arteries, we hypothesized that vasopressin must increase resistance primarily in large rather ...
Consideration of Sex Differences in Children With Obesity
Authors: Yibo Li, Shaotao Tang
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Altered left ventricular mechanics in patients with valvular aortic stenosis and coarction of the aorta: effects on systolic performance and late outcome.
Authors: K MBorow, S DColan, ANeumann
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Despite similar degrees of left ventricular systolic hypertension shortening characteristics are usually greater in patients with congenital valvular aortic stenosis (VAS) than in patients with coarctation of the aorta (CoA). We hypothesized that these dissimilarities were caused by differences in myocardial mechanics rather than by alterations in contractile state. Eleven patients with VAS (ages 6 to 41 years) and 11 with CoA were matched for age, body surface area, and peak systolic ejection gradient. Results were compared with data from 22 normal subjects matched for age and body surface area. Echocardiographic tracings of the left ventricle were recorded in conjunction with left ventricular pressure measurements (VAS) or calibrated carotid pulse tracings (CoA and normal subjects). Peak and end-systolic wall stresses as well as left ventricular shortening fraction (% delta D) and rate-corrected velocity of fiber shortening (Vcfc) were calculated. No differences for left ventricular dimensions, heart ra...
185TiP A phase Ib dose-escalation study evaluating trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) and durvalumab in combination with chemotherapy as first-line treatment in patients with advanced or metastatic nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and HER2 overexpression (DESTINY-Lung03)
Authors: D. Planchard, J.C-H. Yang, J.R. Brahmer, A. Ragone, J. Chen, F. Liu, M. Saggese
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Neurogenic histaminergic vasodilation in canine skeletal muscle: mediation by alpha 2-adrenoceptor stimulation.
Authors: BCamazine, R PShannon, J LGuerrero, R MGraham, W JPowell
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

This study examines the neurogenic effect of alpha 2-adrenoceptor stimulation on skeletal muscle vascular resistance and its relation to the level of background sympathetic activity. The isolated, separately perfused, neurally intact canine gracilis muscle preparation was used since it permits deliberate and quantifiable alterations in background sympathetic activity, as measured by skeletal muscle vascular resistance. Systemic intravenous UK-14304, a highly selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, produced a precipitous, neurogenic vasodilation that lowered vascular resistance below the subsequently denervated resistance, thus indicating that an active vasodilation was involved. The overall magnitude of the vasodilation was much greater in animals that had been hemorrhaged to elevate background sympathetic activity than in animals that had been transfused to lower background activity. The neurogenic vasodilation was unaffected by baroreceptor and cardiopulmonary receptor denervation and by prior cholinerg...
Myocardial infarct size can be estimated from serial plasma myoglobin measurements within 4 hours of reperfusion.
Authors: TYamashita, SAbe, SArima, KNomoto, MMiyata, IMaruyama, HToda, HOkino, YAtsuchi, MTahara
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDAn early estimation of infarct size is useful for the appropriate early treatment of patients with acute myocardial infarction. We evaluated how early and how accurately infarct size could be estimated from serial plasma myoglobin (Mb) measurements in patients with successful reperfusion.METHODS AND RESULTSWe measured plasma Mb and creatine kinase (CK) in 35 patients in whom reperfusion therapy was successfully performed. Blood samples were collected at 15-minute intervals for 2 hours after reperfusion, at 30-minute intervals for the subsequent 2 hours, and at 3-6-hour intervals until 52 hours after reperfusion. Plasma Mb was measured by a newly developed turbidimetric latex agglutination assay. Total Mb and CK release (sigma Mb, sigma CK) were calculated with a one-compartment model. The mean chord motion in the most hypokinetic 50% of the infarct-related artery territory was calculated from follow-up ventriculograms as an index of the severity of regional hypokinesis. There were significant co...
Prevalence of ischemic resting and stress electrocardiographic abnormalities and angina among 40- to 59-year-old men in selected U.S. and U.S.S.R. populations.
Authors: J RAbernathy, M DThorn, G BTrobaugh, L GEkelund, MMaciolowski, BLupovetsky, SShelnova, GZhukovsky, DShestov, ADeev
Journal: Circulation (1988)

The prevalence of electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities and angina was investigated in 40- to 59-year-old men from two samples, one from a U.S.S.R. study in two locations and one from a U.S. study in nine locations. ECG abnormalities were defined by the Minnesota code and angina was defined by the Rose questionnaire. No differences were found in the prevalence of major Q waves and major or minor ischemia between the two samples, but differences were found in specific indicators of major ischemia. Major ischemic changes were more prevalent in older subjects in both samples. Estimated prevalence of angina was 50% less in the U.S. sample than in the U.S.S.R. sample, and this was consistent with the proportion of subjects excluded from the exercise test because of angina. In both samples, subjects with ECG abnormalities had higher systolic blood pressures. No difference in exercise test abnormalities was found between samples; however, more subjects with a history compatible with coronary artery disease we...
Analysis of responses to leukotriene D4 in the pulmonary vascular bed.
Authors: P JKadowitz, A LHyman
Journal: Circulation Research (1984)

Pulmonary vascular responses to leukotriene D4 were investigated in the intact-chest animal under conditions of controlled pulmonary blood flow. Intralobar injections of leukotriene D4 in the sheep caused dose-dependent increases in lobar arterial and small vein pressures without influencing left atrial or systemic arterial pressure. Leukotriene D4 was very potent in increasing pulmonary vascular resistance in the sheep, with activity similar to that of U-46619, a thromboxane A2 mimic. Pulmonary vascular responses to leukotriene D4 in the sheep were similar when the lung was ventilated and when lobar ventilation was arrested. Responses to leukotriene D4 were similar when the lung was perfused with blood or with dextran. Pulmonary vascular responses to leukotriene D4 but not U-46619 in the sheep were reduced by inhibitors of cyclooxygenase and thromboxane synthesis. In contrast, leukotriene D4 had modest pressor activity in the pulmonary vascular bed of the cat whereas U-46619 had marked activity in this s...
The contribution of tricuspid valve closure to the first heart sound. An intracardiac micromanometer study.
Authors: J DO'Toole, S PReddy, E ICurtiss, F WGriff, J AShaver
Journal: Circulation (1976)

The sound-pressure correlates of the second high frequency component of a split first heart  (S1) were investigated in 27 patients. An external phonocardiogram was recorded with high fidelity  and pressure from the left and right atria in 21 patients, from the pulmonary artery in 14 of these, and from the central aorta in 11. In the remaining six patients, high fidelity recordings from the central aorta and right-sided chambers were obtained with an external phonocardiogram. The external component of S1 that coincided with a left atrial C wave and internal sound was defined as M1. In those cases where the left atrial pressure was not recorded, this component could be identified by a low frequency transient in the central aortic pressure trace. The other external high frequency component of S1 that was synchronous with a separate right atrial C wave and internal sound was defined as T1; with two exceptions, M1 preceded T1. The two exceptions which caused reversal of this order, so that T1 pre...
Active oxygen species stimulate vascular smooth muscle cell growth and proto-oncogene expression.
Authors: G NRao, B CBerk
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferate in response to arterial injury. Recent findings suggest that, in addition to platelet-derived growth factors, growth factors from inflammatory cells and endothelial cells at the site of injury may contribute to VSMC proliferation. We hypothesized that a common mechanism by which endothelial cells and inflammatory cells stimulate VSMC growth could be the active oxygen species (i.e., O2-, H2O2, and .OH) generated during arterial injury. Using xanthine/xanthine oxidase to generate active oxygen species, we studied the effects of these agents on VSMC growth. Xanthine/xanthine oxidase (100 microM xanthine and 5 microunits/ml xanthine oxidase) stimulated DNA synthesis in growth-arrested VSMCs by 180% over untreated cells. Administration of the scavenging enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase demonstrated that H2O2 was primarily responsible for xanthine/xanthine oxidase-induced VSMC DNA synthesis. H2O2 directly increased VSMC DNA synthesis and cell number (max...
Systemic and regional hemodynamic and humoral effects of nitrendipine in essential hypertension.
Authors: EGrossman, SOren, G EGaravaglia, F HMesserli, E DFrohlich
Journal: Circulation (1988)

The hemodynamic effects of 3 months of nitrendipine therapy were evaluated in 14 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. Nitrendipine reduced systolic and diastolic pressures from 145 +/- 4/95 +/- 3 to 119 +/- 3/78 +/- 2 mm Hg, respectively, (p less than 0.001) through a fall in total peripheral resistance index (46 +/- 4 to 34 +/- 3 units/m2, p less than 0.001) without associated reflex cardiac stimulation. This antihypertensive effect was related directly to the height of pretreatment arterial pressure (r = -0.67, p = 0.006) but not to age or pretreatment plasma renin activity. Renal and forearm blood flow increased, vascular resistance decreased, and glomerular filtration rate remained stable. In addition, nitrendipine reduced left ventricular mass index (133 +/- 7 to 116 +/- 5 g/m2, p = 0.003) and wall thickness, changes that were accompanied by improvement in diastolic as well as systolic (ejection fraction and fractional fiber shortening rate) left ventricular functions. Intravascular...
Vessel caliber and branch-angle of human coronary artery branch-points.
Authors: G MHutchins, M MMiner, J KBoitnott
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

Measurements were made of parent and branch vessel diameters and of the included angles of branch-points from postmortem human coronary arteriograms to determine the usefulness of theoretical equations predicting the relationships between parent and branch vessel caliber and between arterial caliber and branch-angle. The formulas were based on the concept that blood vessel size and arrangement provided for blood flow with minimum energy loss. Size relationships between parent vessel and its branches were determined for 42 left main and 53 other epicardial coronary artery branch-points in hearts with angiographically normal arteries. Left main coronary artery branch-points were studied in 68 hearts with various degrees of angiographically defined coronary artery disease. Measured diameters (D) of parent and branch vessels corresponded well to the theoretical formula: (DParent)3 = (DBranch1)3 + (DBranch2)3....,in angiographically normal coronary arteries. The exponent, on the average, is less with increasin...
Spontaneous variability of simple and complex ventricular premature contractions during long time intervals in patients with severe organic heart disease.
Authors: GSchmidt, KUlm, PBarthel, LGoedel-Meinen, GJahns, WBaedeker
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Calculations of the spontaneous variability of ventricular arrhythmias are usually based upon the results of Holter electrocardiograms recorded either successively or separated by a short time interval. Only recently was it shown that the variability of ventricular premature contractions increases with longer intervals. This study was undertaken to investigate the variability of simple and complex ventricular arrhythmias over long periods to derive efficacy criteria for long-term antiarrhythmic therapy. In a prospective study, the influence of the length of the time interval on spontaneous variability was investigated in 100 patients with coronary artery disease or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and untreated ventricular arrhythmia Lown grade IV. Patient follow-up was carried out for 260 +/- 387 days. In each of the 498 ambulatory Holter tapes, the mean hourly arrhythmia count (AC) of ventricular premature contractions, couplets, and salvos was verified. The variability of arrhythmia counts between two...
Effect of exercise on dilution estimates of extravascular lung water and on the carbon monoxide diffusing capacity in normal adults.
Authors: C AGoresky, J WWarnica, J HBurgess, B ENadeau
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

Previous studies in exercising animals have demonstrated that the extravascular lung water accessible to measurement by dilution methodology increases in the transition from rest to low-level exercise and thereafter does not change with progress to high-level exercise. In normal humans, similar systematic examination is essential to provide a background for the interpretation of changes in measured extravascular lung water in pathophysiological states. Moreover, such an examination might provide new insight into the mechanisms underlying the change in the pulmonary diffusing capacity with exercise. We therefore measured both the pulmonary extravascular lung water (by use of the triple indicator-dilution technique) and the diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide in 11 subjects, seated on an exercise bicycle, at rest and usually during two levels of exercise. The central blood volume increased by 50% with a tripling of the cardiac output. The accessible lung water increased from an average of 2.16 g/kg to 2....
Endoscopic Variceal Ligation Against or in Combination With Vasoactive Drugs for Acute Treatment of Bleeding Oesophageal Varices: a Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis
Authors: D Roberts, H Mwebe, K Gurusamy
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Variceal haemorrhage is the commonest life-threatening complication of liver cirrhosis. Current guidelines recommend endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) in combination with vasoactive drugs as first-line treatment; yet this is without a firm direct evidence-base. We aimed to assess the comparative benefits and harms of EVL against or in combination with vasoactive drugs (terlipressin, somatostatin, octreotide, vapreotide) for the treatment of acute oesophageal variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients.