tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Review Body's Award
Authors: M. D. Caplan, L. Freeman, W. M. Winder, S. Heinsheimer, P. D. Macdonald, N. Menzies, C. L. H. Shunker, J. J. Musgrave, E. Jones, D. Rumian, J. G. Nolan, S. Jacob
Journal: BMJ (1965)
Incidental Finding of Moderna COVID-19 Vaccination–Related Axillary Lymphadenopathy on 201Tl Myocardial Perfusion Imaging
Authors: Hung-Pin Chan, Daniel Hueng-Yuan Shen, Ming-Hui Yang, Chin Hu, Yu-Chang Tyan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2022)

We presented here a 71-year-old man with a history of thyroid cancer post total thyroidectomy and 131I ablation and right renal cell carcinoma post right partial nephrectomy. He reported persistent chest tightness and pain after the first dose of the Moderna COVID-19 (mRNA-1273) vaccine. Thus, coronary heart disease was suspected, and the patient was referred for MPI (myocardial perfusion imaging). Focal 201Tl uptake in the left axillary region was found incidentally on MPI, and SPECT/CT revealed enlarged benign-looking lymph nodes. The diagnostic is in favor of reactive hyperplasia after the intramuscular injection of vaccine into left deltoid muscle.
On-treatment blood TMB as predictors for camrelizumab plus chemotherapy in advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma: biomarker analysis of a phase III trial
Authors: Tao Jiang, Jianhua Chen, Xingxiang Xu, Ying Cheng, Gongyan Chen, Yueyin Pan, Yong Fang, Qiming Wang, Yunchao Huang, Wenxiu Yao, Rui Wang, Xingya Li, Wei Zhang, Yanjun Zhang, Sheng Hu, Renhua Guo, Jianhua Shi, Zhiwu Wang, Peiguo Cao, Donglin Wang, Jian Fang, Hui Luo, Yi Geng, Chunyan Xing, Dongqing Lv, Yiping Zhang, Junyan Yu, Shundong Cang, Yaxi Zhang, Jiao Zhang, Zeyu Yang, Wei Shi, Jianjun Zou, Caicun Zhou, Shengxiang Ren
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2022)

Abstract Background Camrelizumab plus chemotherapy significantly prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) compared to chemotherapy alone as first-line treatment in advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) in the phase III trial (CameL-sq), which has become an option of standard-of-cares for Chinese patients with advanced LUSC. However, the predictive biomarkers remain unknown. Methods Tumor tissue samples at baseline, and peripheral blood samples at baseline (pretreatment) and after two cycles of treatment (on-treatment) were prospectively collected from 270 LUSC patients from the CameL-sq study. Blood tumor mutation burden (bTMB) and its dynamics were analyzed to explore their predictive values. Results Pretreatment bTMB was not associated with objective response, PFS and OS in camrelizumab or placebo plus chemotherapy groups. Low on-treatment bTMB was associated with significantly better objective response (73.8% vs 27.8%, P &lt; 0.001), PFS (median, 9.1 vs 4.1 months; P &lt; 0.001) and OS (median, not reached vs 8.0 months; P &lt; 0.001) in camrelizumab plus chemotherapy group whereas it did not correlate with objective response and PFS in chemotherapy alone group. Importantly, on-treatment bTMB level could discriminate patients of initially radiological stable disease who would long-term benefit from camrelizumab plus chemotherapy (low vs high, median OS, 18.2 vs 7.8 months; P = 0.001). Combing on-treatment bTMB and its dynamics improved the ability for predicting the efficacy of camrelizumab plus chemotherapy. Conclusion On-treatment bTMB together with its dynamics could serve as a predictive biomarker for camrelizumab plus chemotherapy in patients with advanced LUSC. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03668496.
Transmission of Hepatitis B to Patients from Four Infected Surgeons without Hepatitis B e antigen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) to patients by infected surgeons who carry hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) has been documented repeatedly. In the United Kingdom HBeAg-positive surgeons are not permitted to perform certain procedures that carry a risk that patients might be exposed to the blood of a health care worker. There are no practice restrictions for carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen without detectable HBeAg, unless transmission has been demonstrated.
Making human pancreatic islet organoids: Progresses on the cell origins, biomaterials and three-dimensional technologies
Authors: Lai Jiang, Yiru Shen, Yajing Liu, Lei Zhang, Wei Jiang
Journal: Theranostics (2022)

Diabetes is one of the most socially challenging health concerns.Even though islet transplantation has shown promise for insulin-dependent diabetes, there is still no effective method for curing diabetes due to the severe shortage of transplantable donors.In recent years, organoid technology has attracted lots of attention as organoid can mirror the human organ in vivo to the maximum extent in vitro, thus bridging the gap between cellular-and tissue/organ-level biological models.Concurrently, human pancreatic islet organoids are expected to be a considerable source of islet transplantation.To construct human islet-like organoids, the seeding cells, biomaterials and three-dimensional structure are three key elements.Herein, this review summarizes current progresses about the cell origins, biomaterials and advanced technology being applied to make human islet organoids, and discusses the advantages, shortcomings, and future challenges of them as well.We hope this review can offer a cross-disciplinary perspective to build human islet organoids and provide insights for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
A self-amplifying mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate induces safe and robust protective immunity in preclinical models
Authors: Giulietta Maruggi, Corey P. Mallett, Jason W. Westerbeck, Tiffany Chen, Giuseppe Lofano, Kristian Friedrich, Lin Qu, Jennifer Tong Sun, Josie McAuliffe, Amey Kanitkar, Kathryn T. Arrildt, Kai-Fen Wang, Ian McBee, Deborah McCoy, Rebecca Terry, Alison Rowles, Maia Araujo Abrahim, Michael A. Ringenberg, Malcolm J. Gains, Catherine Spickler, Xuping Xie, Jing Zou, Pei-Yong Shi, Taru Dutt, Marcela Henao-Tamayo, Izabela Ragan, Richard A. Bowen, Russell Johnson, Sandra Nuti, Kate Luisi, Jeffrey B. Ulmer, Ann-Muriel Steff, Rashmi Jalah, Sylvie Bertholet, Alan H. Stokes, Dong Yu
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2022)

RNA vaccines have demonstrated efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 in humans, and the technology is being leveraged for rapid emergency response. In this report, we assessed immunogenicity and, for the first time, toxicity, biodistribution, and protective efficacy in preclinical models of a two-dose self-amplifying messenger RNA (SAM) vaccine, encoding a prefusion-stabilized spike antigen of SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan-Hu-1 strain and delivered by lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). In mice, one immunization with the SAM vaccine elicited a robust spike-specific antibody response, which was further boosted by a second immunization, and effectively neutralized the matched SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan strain as well as B.1.1.7 (Alpha), B.1.351 (Beta) and B.1.617.2 (Delta) variants. High frequencies of spike-specific germinal center B, Th0/Th1 CD4, and CD8 T cell responses were observed in mice. Local tolerance, potential systemic toxicity, and biodistribution of the vaccine were characterized in rats. In hamsters, the vaccine candidate was well-tolerated, markedly reduced viral load in the upper and lower airways, and protected animals against disease in a dose-dependent manner, with no evidence of disease enhancement following SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Therefore, the SARS-CoV-2 SAM (LNP) vaccine candidate has a favorable safety profile, elicits robust protective immune responses against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants, and has been advanced to phase 1 clinical evaluation (NCT04758962).
Neutrophils in chronic inflammatory diseases
Authors: Andrea Herrero-Cervera, Oliver Soehnlein, Ellinor Kenne
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2022)

Abstract Chronic inflammation is a component of many disease conditions that affect a large group of individuals worldwide. Chronic inflammation is characterized by persistent, low-grade inflammation and is increased in the aging population. Neutrophils are normally the first responders to acute inflammation and contribute to the resolution of inflammation. However, in chronic inflammation, the role of neutrophils is less well understood and has been described as either beneficial or detrimental, causing tissue damage and enhancing the immune response. Emerging evidence suggests that neutrophils are important players in several chronic diseases, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and autoimmune disorders. This review will highlight the interaction of neutrophils with other cells in the context of chronic inflammation, the contribution of neutrophils to selected chronic inflammatory diseases, and possible future therapeutic strategies.
The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO): Clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer, 2021
Authors: Feng‐Hua Wang, Xiao‐Tian Zhang, Yuan‐Fang Li, Lei Tang, Xiu‐Juan Qu, Jie‐Er Ying, Jun Zhang, Ling‐Yu Sun, Rong‐Bo Lin, Hong Qiu, Chang Wang, Miao‐Zhen Qiu, Mu‐Yan Cai, Qi Wu, Hao Liu, Wen‐Long Guan, Ai‐Ping Zhou, Yu‐Jing Zhang, Tian‐Shu Liu, Feng Bi, Xiang‐Lin Yuan, Sheng‐Xiang Rao, Yan Xin, Wei‐Qi Sheng, Hui‐Mian Xu, Guo‐Xin Li, Jia‐Fu Ji, Zhi‐Wei Zhou, Han Liang, Yan‐Qiao Zhang, Jing Jin, Lin Shen, Jin Li, Rui‐Hua Xu
Journal: Cancer Communications (2021)

There exist differences in the epidemiological characteristics, clinicopathological features, tumor biological characteristics, treatment patterns, and drug selections between gastric cancer patients from the Eastern and Western countries. The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) has organized a panel of senior experts specializing in all sub-specialties of gastric cancer to compile a clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer since 2016 and renews it annually. Taking into account regional differences, giving full consideration to the accessibility of diagnosis and treatment resources, these experts have conducted expert consensus judgment on relevant evidence and made various grades of recommendations for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer to reflect the value of cancer treatment and meeting health economic indexes in China. The 2021 CSCO Clinical Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer covers the diagnosis, treatment, follow-up, and screening of gastric cancer. Based on the 2020 version of the CSCO Chinese Gastric Cancer guidelines, this updated guideline integrates the results of major clinical studies from China and overseas for the past year, focused on the inclusion of research data from the Chinese population for more personalized and clinically relevant recommendations. For the comprehensive treatment of non-metastatic gastric cancer, attentions were paid to neoadjuvant treatment. The value of perioperative chemotherapy is gradually becoming clearer and its recommendation level has been updated. For the comprehensive treatment of metastatic gastric cancer, recommendations for immunotherapy were included, and immune checkpoint inhibitors from third-line to the first-line of treatment for different patient groups with detailed notes are provided.
One-year outcome of patients with unprotected or protected left main coronary artery stenting Juergen Pache, Adnan Kastrati, Josef Dirschinger, Julinda Mehilli, Helmut Sch�hlen, Franz-Josef Neumann, Albert Sch�mig. Deutsches Herzzentrum Munich, Munich, Germany, Klinik rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
<i>Notes from the Field:</i> Early Evidence of the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 (Omicron) Variant in Community Wastewater — United States, November–December 2021
Authors: Amy E. Kirby, Rory M. Welsh, Zachary A. Marsh, Alexander T. Yu, Duc J. Vugia, Alexandria B. Boehm, Marlene K. Wolfe, Bradley J. White, Shannon R. Matzinger, Allison Wheeler, Laura Bankers, Kevin Andresen, Cristal Salatas, Devon A. Gregory, Marc C. Johnson, Monica Trujillo, Sherin Kannoly, Davida S. Smyth, John J. Dennehy, Nicolae Sapoval, Katherine Ensor, Todd Treangen, Lauren B. Stadler, Loren Hopkins
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2022)
Assessment of Risk From Low-Level Exposures to Radiation and Chemicals: A Critical Overview
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

Assessment of Risk From Low-Level Exposures to Radiation and Chemicals: A Critical Overview JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 72, Issue 4, April 1984, Page 963, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/72.4.963-a Published: 01 April 1984
Book Review Traité de Physiologie Normale et Pathologique . Publié sous la direction de G. H. Roger et Leon Binet. Tome VII. Sang et Lymphe Réactions d'Immunité. Deuxieme Edition. Par MM. Achard, Justin-Besançon, et al. 730 pp. Paris: Masson et Cie. 100 fr.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1934)
PREX2 mutation serves as a novel predictor of response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment in melanoma.
Authors: Lifang Cai, Dongsheng Chen, Qin Zhang, Qianqian Duan, Yaqin Liu, Si Li, Mingzhe Xiao
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

e21504 Background: Melanoma is notable for its metastatic propensity, lethality in the advanced setting and association with ultraviolet exposure early in life. Analysis of whole-genome sequence data identified PREX2 (phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent Rac exchange factor 2)-a PTEN-interacting protein and negative regulator of PTEN in breast cancer--as a significantly mutated gene with a mutation frequency of approximately 14% in an independent extension cohort of 107 human melanomas. PREX2 mutations are biologically relevant, as ectopic expression of mutant PREX2 accelerated tumour formation of immortalized human melanocytes. Previous work suggested that PREX2 alterations may enrich for responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), validation of function in melanoma is needed. Methods: Using 539-gene target-capture next generation sequencing, we analyzed the PREX2 mutation in 3547 tumor tissue or plasma ctDNA samples (including 122 melanoma) from different patients, and the public database of TACG was also compared. Data from Snyder-64 study (n = 64, anti- CTLA-4 therapy) was retrieved and analysed. In survival analysis, Kaplan-Meier curves were compared by log-rank test, and the hazard ratio (HR) was determined through a multivariable Cox regression model. Results: In clinical cohort, the frequency of PREX2 mutation in 3547 tumor tissue or plasma ctDNA samples from different patients was 5.94 % (211 in 3547). Meanwhile, the frequency of PREX2 mutation in TCGA cohort was 5.06 % (555 in 10953). In melanoma datebase, the frequency of PREX2 mutation in 122 melanoma tumor tissue or plasma ctDNA samples from different patients was 6.55 % (78 in 122). Meanwhile, the frequency of PREX2 mutation in melanoma in TCGA cohort was 25.56 % (113 in 422). We further analyzed Kaplan-Meier curves from Snyder-64 study (n = 64, anti- CTLA-4 therapy). In Snyder-64 study melanoma cohort, mutation of PREX2 was associated with higher neoantigen load (P = 0.02) and higher mutation count (P = 0.0027) in melanoma. PREX2 mutation was associated with prolonged overall survival (OS) trend compared with PREX2 wt in melanoma cohort (P = 0.09). Conclusions: In our study, the frequency of PREX2 mutation in pan cancers and melanoma was investigated in clinical and TCGA cohort, which might provide useful information to guide precision medicine. PREX2 mutation may serve as a novel predictor of response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment in melanoma via upregulating neoantigen load and mutation count.
Pathways for cross-boundary effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning
Authors: Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Mark O. Gessner, Beatrix E. Beisner, Christian Messier, Alain Paquette, Jana S. Petermann, Janne Soininen, Charles A. Nock
Journal: Trends in Ecology & Evolution (2022)

The biodiversity-ecosystem functioning concept asserts that processes in ecosystems are markedly influenced by species richness and other facets of biodiversity. However, biodiversity-ecosystem functioning studies have been largely restricted to single ecosystems, ignoring the importance of functional links - such as the exchange of matter, energy, and organisms - between coupled ecosystems. Here we present a basic concept and outline three pathways of cross-boundary biodiversity effects on ecosystem processes and propose an agenda to assess such effects, focusing on terrestrial-aquatic linkages to illustrate the case. This cross-boundary perspective of biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships presents a promising frontier for biodiversity and ecosystem science with repercussions for the conservation, restoration, and management of biodiversity and ecosystems from local to landscape scales.
Medical Examinations and Licensure
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Complement inhibition and myocardial protection in patients with acute myocardial infarction Chris de Zwaan, Appie Kleine, Jard Diris, Jan Glatz, Paul Strengers, Erik Hack, Marja van Dieljen-Visser, Wim Hermens, Hein Wellens. CARIM University Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands, University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
TCT-103 The Transaortic Approach for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Initial Clinical Experience in the United States
Authors: Joel Lardizabal, Harit Desai, Brian O'Neill, Conrad Macon, Rodriguez Alex, Carol O'Neill, Ahmed Fayaz, Claudia Martinez, Carlos Alfonso, Bilsker Martin, Roger Carillo, Mauricio Cohen, Alan Heldman, Donald Williams, William O'Neill
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Phase II study of combination pembrolizumab and olaparib in patients with advanced cholangiocarcinoma: Interim results.
Authors: Chao Yin, Samantha Ann Armstrong, Seema Agarwal, Hongkun Wang, Marcus Smith Noel, Benjamin Adam Weinberg, John Marshall, Aiwu Ruth He
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

452 Background: Unresectable cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) remains a cancer of dismal prognosis as these tumors tend to be highly chemotherapy-refractory, providing patients (pts) a median survival of only around nine months. We herein provide an interim update to this phase II, single-arm, open-label study, where we investigate the safety and efficacy of olaparib plus pembrolizumab in pts with CCA after first-line gemcitabine-based therapy. We hypothesize that olaparib will increase tumoral response to pembrolizumab by inducing DNA damage and increasing tumor antigen number to produce a durable immune response against CCA - thereby increasing the overall response rate (ORR) of pts from 17.5% (historic chemotherapy control) to 35%. Methods: In total, 36 histologically confirmed advanced cholangiocarcinoma pts will be enrolled onto this trial. Pts receive pembrolizumab, 200 mg, on day 1 of each 21-day cycle, and oral olaparib, 300 mg, twice daily. The primary objective is to assess ORR, while a secondary aim is to evaluate safety. Tumor biopsies are collected at baseline, the third week after treatment initiation, and disease progression; the tissue is tested for ERCC1, PD-1/PD-L1 expression, IDH1/2 mutation status, and immune cell (CD3 and CD8) response. CT or MRI is carried out every 6 weeks for the first 6 months and every 9 weeks for the next 6 months to assess clinical response. Results: At the cutoff date of September 26, 2021, 12 pts had been enrolled and received at least one dose of olaparib plus pembrolizumab. The median age is 62 years (range 47-74); most are female (N = 10) and Caucasian (N = 8). Ten pts were diagnosed with cholangiocarcinoma and 2 with gallbladder carcinoma. According to RECIST v1.1, partial response (PR) was seen in one pt (-50%), stable disease (SD) in 4 pts (one with promising ongoing response at 23% tumor shrinkage), and disease progression in 7 pts. Three pts are actively on trial (1 PR and 2 SD). Complete molecular analysis by FoundationOne CDx revealed mutations in ATM (N = 2), SKT11 (N = 1) , ARID1A (N = 2) , and IDH1 (N = 2); the full tumor profile will be presented at the ASCO-GI meeting. Primary grade 3 treatment-related adverse events (AEs) included anemia (N = 2) and diarrhea (N = 1. Grade 1/2 AEs included thrombocytopenia (N = 2), anemia (N = 1), rash (N = 1), and diarrhea (N = 1). Conclusions: Interim trial results indicate that combination olaparib and pembrolizumab has acceptable safety and manageable toxicity in pts with advanced cholangiocarcinoma. Clinical trial information: NCT04306367.
Regrowth of neointimal effect of In-stent restenosis: A volumetric analysis of the effects of radiation Manoon Somrantin, Yoshihiro Morino, Thosaphol Limpijankit, Yasuhiro Honda, Gary S. Mintz, Paul G. Yock, Ron Waksman, Peter J. Fitzgerald. Stanford University cardiovascular medicine, palo alto, CA
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
The Lie
Authors: None Jiminy
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Annie is from New Hampshire and came here to the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains for the horse show. The nurses and I carry her from the car into the emergency room and gently place her on the gurney. She was kicked in the abdomen by her horse and lay in a field for over an hour until friends found her and brought her to the hospital. Even though I am working in the emergency room of a small hospital, I am confident. The nurses know their jobs. Faced with a serious surgical problem, we work well together. Within a few minutes we have inserted two IVs, one in a forearm vein, another in the external jugular; her blood pressure, however, remains marginal. The fluid from the abdominal tap is grossly bloody and so is her urine. Annie remains calm. Her serious eyes are piercing; I hold her hand
Highlights
Journal: JAMA (2013)

To examine how different financial incentives between Medicare Advantage and Medicare fee-for-service (FFS) reimbursement structures might influence cardiovascular procedure use, Matlock and colleagues analyzed data from 878 339 Medicare Advantage patients and 5 013 650 Medicare FFS patients across 32 hospital referral regions in 12 states.The authors found that patients enrolled in Medicare Advantage programs had lower rates of angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention procedures than those enrolled in Medicare FFS.Substantial and similar geographic variation in procedure rates was observed among patients in both Medicare Advantage and Medicare FFS programs.In an Editorial, Krumholz discusses steps to ensure high-quality, patient-centered decision making.