tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cancer Risk in Patients With Biopsy‐Confirmed Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Population‐Based Cohort Study
Authors: Tracey G. Simon, Bjorn Roelstraete, Rajani Sharma, Hamed Khalili, Hannes Hagström, Jonas F. Ludvigsson
Journal: Hepatology (2021)

Background and Aims Recent studies link NAFLD to an increased incidence of HCC and extrahepatic cancers. However, earlier studies were small or lacked liver histology, which remains the gold standard for staging NAFLD severity. Approach and Results We conducted a population‐based cohort study of all adults with histologically defined NAFLD in Sweden from 1966 to 2016 (N = 8,892). NAFLD was defined from prospectively recorded liver histopathology submitted to all 28 Swedish pathology departments and categorized as simple steatosis, nonfibrotic NASH, noncirrhotic fibrosis, and cirrhosis. NAFLD patients were individually matched to ≤5 general population controls without NAFLD by age, sex, calendar year, and county (N = 39,907). Using Cox proportional hazards modeling, we calculated multivariable adjusted HRs (aHRs) and 95% CIs. Over a median of 13.8 years, we documented 1,691 incident cancers among NAFLD patients and 6,733 among controls. Compared with controls, NAFLD patients had significantly increased overall cancer incidence (10.9 vs. 13.8 per 1,000 person‐years [PYs]; difference = 2.9 per 1,000 PYs; aHR, 1.27 [95% CI, 1.18‐1.36]), driven primarily by HCC (difference = 1.1 per 1,000 PYs; aHR, 17.08 [95% CI, 11.56‐25.25]). HCC incidence rates increased monotonically across categories of simple steatosis, nonfibrotic NASH, noncirrhotic fibrosis, and cirrhosis (0.8 per 1,000 PYs, 1.2 per 1,000 PYs, 2.3 per 1,000 PYs, and 6.2 per 1,000 PYs, respectively; P trend &lt; 0.01) and were further amplified by diabetes (1.2 per 1,000 PYs, 2.9 per 1,000 PYs, 7.2 per 1,000 PYs, and 15.7 per 1,000 PYs, respectively). In contrast, NAFLD was associated with modestly increased rates of pancreatic cancer, kidney/bladder cancer, and melanoma (differences = 0.2 per 1,000 PYs, 0.1 per 1,000 PYs, and 0.2 per 1,000 PYs, respectively), but no other cancers. Conclusions Compared with controls, patients with biopsy‐proven NAFLD had significantly increased cancer incidence, attributable primarily to HCC, whereas the contribution of extrahepatic cancers was modest. Although HCC risk was highest with cirrhosis, substantial excess risk was also found with noncirrhotic fibrosis and comorbid diabetes.
Cerebral and peripheral circulatory responses to intracranial hypertension in fetal sheep.
Authors: A PHarris, R CKoehler, C AGleason, M DJones, R JTraystman
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Fetal head compression during normal labor can increase intracranial pressure (ICP). We studied the cerebral and peripheral blood flow responses to ICP elevation in utero in chronically catheterized fetal sheep using the radiolabeled microsphere technique. ICP was elevated, stepwise, in increments of 6 +/- 1 mm Hg by infusion of artificial cerebrospinal fluid into a lateral ventricle. When ICP was raised to within 28 mm Hg of baseline mean arterial blood pressure (i.e., ICP above 22 mm Hg), arterial pressure began to increase. Above this ICP level, up to 41 mm Hg, mean cerebral perfusion pressure was maintained by equivalent increases in arterial pressure. Cerebral blood flow and O2 uptake at the highest ICP levels were not different from baseline values. Changes in peripheral organ blood flow were graded according to the level of ICP. At the highest level (ICP = 41 mm Hg), renal, gastrointestinal, and skin blood flow decreased by 68%, 69%, and 65%, respectively. Myocardial and adrenal blood flow doubled,...
Technetium-99m stannous pyrophosphate myocardial scintigraphy. Reliability and limitations in assessment of acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: M JCowley, J AMantle, W JRogers, R ORussel, C ERackley, J RLogic
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Two hundred-three patients had -echnetium 99m (stannous) pyrophosphate myocardial scintigrams for the evaluation of chest pain and suspected acute myocardial infarction. In addition to routine imaging at 60--90 minutes after injection of the radio-pharmaceutical, the blood pool was imaged immediately in each patient for comparison with routine anterior, left anterior oblique, and left lateral views. Further delayed studies were obtained when residual blood pool activity was identified. Seventy patients had acute myocardial infarction by clinical, electrocardiographic, and enzymatic (CK-MB) criteria. Sixty-five of these 70 patients with acute infarction had positive myocardial scintigrams, with one technically unsatisfactory study. Only four of the 70 patients had negative scintigrams when imaged 18--72 hours after infarction in this study. Technically satisfactory scintigrams were recorded in 125 patients without evidence of infarction. Ninety-six had negative scintigrams at 60--90 minutes, while 19 patie...
Dynamic BH3 Profiling to Assess the Effects of Novel Agents on Anti-Apoptotic Protein Dependence of CLL Cells
Authors: Rebecca Valentin, Jing Deng, Elisa Ten Hacken, Timothy Z. Lehmberg, Silvia Buonamici, Donna S. Neuberg, Catherine J. Wu, Anthony Letai, Matthew S. Davids
Journal: Blood (2017)
Response to Comment on: Kromhout et al. n-3 Fatty Acids, Ventricular Arrhythmia–Related Events, and Fatal Myocardial Infarction in Postmyocardial Infarction Patients With Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2011;34:2515–2520
Authors: Daan Kromhout, Menko-Jan de Boer
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

In the Alpha Omega Trial, we observed that an additional amount of n-3 fatty acids significantly reduced the number of ventricular arrhythmia–related events and fatal myocardial infarctions (MIs) in post-MI patients with diabetes (1). In their letter, Giordani et al. (2) suggest that an abnormal cardiac repolarization, due to an imbalance of the autonomic nervous system, could be the link between diabetes and cardiac arrhythmias. In fact, we already observed in 1996 …
Changes in ventriculoatrial intervals with bundle branch block aberration during reciprocating tachycardia in patients with accessory atrioventricular pathways.
Authors: C RKerr, J JGallagher, L DGerman
Journal: Circulation (1982)

During reciprocating tachycardia in patients with accessory atrioventricular pathways, the observation of changes in ventriculoatrial (VA) intervals with bundle branch block (BBB) aberration has been used to localize the site of the pathway and prove the participation of the pathway in the tachycardia. In this report we present the changes observed during BBB in 93 patients with single atrioventricular pathways in whom the site of their pathways was subsequently proved at the time of their surgical interruption. In patients with left or right free wall pathways, the minimum VA interval (VA min) increased by 61 +/- 19 msec with ipsilateral BBB, whereas no change occurred with contralateral BBB. The smallest increase in the VA interval was 35 msec. In 14 patients, shortening of the AH intervals resulted in changes in overall cycle length that were less than 35 msec. Patients with septal pathways all had changes in VA min of 25 msec or less with either right or left bundle branch block (RBBB or LBBB), which ...
Refutation of "the myth of the female athlete triad"
Authors: A B Loucks
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2006)

In its June 2006 issue, the British Journal of Sports Medicine published an article entitled “The myth of the female athlete triad”,1 which makes six allegations: (1) the 1997 American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) Position Stand on the Female Athlete Triad discourages girls and women from participating in physical activity; (2) the ACSM Position Stand portrays female athletes as psychopathological; (3) no data link disordered eating to the induction of low energy availability in athletes; (4) no prospective data have shown low energy availability to cause infertility and osteoporosis in any species; (5) experiments in which low energy availability disrupted luteinizing hormone pulsatility and bone turnover in women do not apply to athletes; and (6) the female athlete triad does not exist.

The first allegation is blatantly and flagrantly false. DiPietro and Stachenfeld1 write that “the female athlete triad stands in contrast to other ACSM, as well as World Health Organization and US Public Health Services Guidelines, which state that participation in sport or in physical activity promotes the health and safety of girls and young women.” In fact, the very first two sentences of the 1997 ACSM Position Stand on the Female Athlete Triad2 are “The majority of girls and women derive significant health benefits from regular physical activity without incurring health risks. They should be encouraged to be physically active at all phases of their lives.”

The ACSM position stand goes on to warn female athletes against the hazards of undernutrition. The ACSM has a responsible tradition of warning the public against exercising in an unhealthy manner, including positions stands warning wrestlers against the hazards of unhealthy weight loss,3 warning runners against the hazards of heat and cold,4 and warning all athletes against the hazards of dehydration.5 No one interprets those …
Biochemical kinetics of porcine cardiac subfragment-1. II. Pre-steady-state studies of the initial phosphate burst.
Authors: L AStein, M PWhite, D TAnnis
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

The actin dependence of the rate and magnitude of the initial phosphate burst was measured using both quench-flow and stopped-flow kinetic techniques. These studies revealed that even at high actin concentrations the magnitude of the phosphate burst was a significant fraction of the magnitude that exists in the absence of actin. Furthermore, it was shown that the rate of the burst rises rapidly as a function of the actin concentration. Detailed modeling with the four-state model revealed that if the predicted Vmax is constrained to be approximately equal to the extrapolated value (double reciprocal plot) and if the apparent dissociation constant of subfragment-1 to actin divided by the apparent activation constant of the actin-activated myosin ATPase activity (Kbinding/KATPase) is constrained to be considerably different from one, then the model is unable to simultaneously account for the ATPase activity and the rate and magnitude of the initial inorganic phosphate burst.
Inhibition of cellular proliferation after experimental balloon angioplasty by low-molecular-weight heparin.
Authors: HHanke, MOberhoff, SHanke, SHassenstein, JKamenz, K MSchmid, EBetz, K RKarsch
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDThe proliferative response induced by balloon angioplasty is known to be an important factor in the development of restenosis after successful coronary angioplasty.METHODS AND RESULTSTo study the effects of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) on cellular proliferation after experimental balloon angioplasty, LMWH (3.9 kd, 400 anti-Xa units/kg/day) was given to 20 male New Zealand White rabbits. After an intimal fibromuscular plaque was induced by electrical stimulation in the right carotid artery, LMWH was applied during the 7 days after balloon dilatation. As the control group, 20 other rabbits underwent balloon angioplasty without application of LMWH. The vessels were excised 3, 7, 14, and 28 days after balloon treatment. During the final 18 hours before the rabbits were killed, bromodeoxyuridine was applied. Intimal wall thickness increased from 13 +/- 5 cell layers (preangioplasty control group) to 20 +/- 6 cell layers in the LMWH-treated group at 28 days (p less than 0.05). In contrast, hist...
Studies on phosphorylation of canine cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum by calmodulin-dependent protein kinase.
Authors: L MBilezikjian, E GKranias, J DPotter, ASchwartz
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

Two endogenous protein kinase activities, cAMP-dependent and calmodulin-Ca2+-dependent, are associated with isolated cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) vesicles. Both kinases phosphorylate an endogenous substrate of approximately 22,000 daltons (phospholamban). The phosphorylation of phospholamban by either the intrinsic or by exogenous cAMP-dependent protein kinase is found to be Ca2+-independent between 0.05 and 100 microM free Ca2+. Calmodulin-dependent phosphorylation, on the other hand, does not require cAMP and is absolutely dependent on the presence of free Ca2+ over a concentration range that corresponds to physiological levels (10(-7) to 10(-5) M). Phosphorylation of SR vesicles by both kinases is additive and the extent of saturation of the cAMP-specific sites has no effect on the degree of stimulation by calmodulin or its Ca2+-dependence. Trifluoperazine, an inhibitor of calmodulin, inhibits calmodulin-dependent phosphorylation without affecting cAMP-dependent phosphorylation, indicating the p...
The isolated sinoatrial node cell in primary culture from the newborn rat.
Authors: W JMarvin, V LChittick, J KRosenthal, ASandra, D LAtkins, KHermsmeyer
Journal: Circulation Research (1984)

We prepared primary cell cultures of the sinus node region from newborn rat hearts. Sinoatrial node cells were easily distinguished from the other cardiac muscle cells and nonmuscle cells in culture by size, configuration, and rapid, attenuated spontaneous contractions (185.0 +/- 8/min, mean +/- SEM). The spontaneously contracting sinoatrial node cells were extremely sensitive to acetylcholine and norepinephrine, responding to concentrations at least 1000-fold less than other cardiac muscle cells. These same sinoatrial node cells in culture were fixed and precisely relocated by either subsequent scanning or transmission electron microscopy. The ultrastructural features of these sinoatrial node cells in culture were similar to those observed in the cells of intact sinus node sections from the source hearts. This study is the first to present single, spontaneously active, neonatal sinoatrial node cells maintained in vitro with morphological and functional properties desirable for physiological investigations.
Electrophysiologic properties and response to pharmacologic agents of fibers from diseased human atria.
Authors: A JHordof, REdie, J RMalm, B FHoffman, M RRosen
Journal: Circulation (1976)

We used standard microelectrode techniques to record action potentials of human right atrial fibers obtained during cardiac surgery, and correlated these potentials with clinical and preoperative ECG data. Human atrial fibers were classified as follows: Group A (ten patients) had a maximum diastolic potential (MDP) of -71.4 +/- 5.1mV (mean +/- SD), and action potentials that were primarily fast responses. These atria were normal or slightly dilated. In group B (12 patients) MDP was 50.3 +/- 5.7 mV; action potentials were slow responses and the atria were moderately to markedly dilated. Atrial arrhythmias occurred in four group B and no group A patients. The ECG revealed a signficant difference (P less than 0.005) in P wave duration: group A, 89 +/- 3.0 msec; group B, 111 +/- 6.0 msec. Verapamil, 0.1 mg/L, markedly depressed only the action potential plateau of group A. Procainamide 1-100 mg/L had equivalent effects on fibers of both groups A and B, effects which were small at dosages of less than 40 mg/L....
Impairment by damage of the pterygopalatine ganglion of nitroxidergic vasodilator nerve function in canine cerebral and retinal arteries.
Authors: NToda, KAyajiki, KYoshida, HKimura, TOkamura
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

Histochemical study revealed that transcutaneous injection of ethanol into the vicinity of the pterygopalatine ganglion greatly decreased the positive staining for NADPH diaphorase activity after 1 week in the ipsilateral ganglion of a dog and abolished the staining of perivascular nerves in the middle and posterior cerebral arteries. Transmural electrical stimulation or nicotine produced a relaxation in middle and posterior cerebral arteries isolated from the side with the nontreated ganglion (control side), whereas the relaxation was abolished or reversed to a contraction in the arteries from the side with the ethanol-treated ganglion. Nitric oxide-induced relaxations did not differ in the arteries from both sides. The response to nerve stimulation of the control arteries was suppressed by treatment with NG-nitro-L-arginine (L-NA), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, and the inhibition was reversed by L-arginine. Nicotine produced a contraction followed by a relaxation in central retinal arterial str...
Inhalation imaging with oxygen-15 labeled carbon dioxide for detection and quantitation of left-to-right shunts.
Authors: C ABoucher, BAhluwalia, P CBlock, G LBrownell, G ABeller
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Quantitation of left-to-right shunts was determined noninvasively from the pulmonary clearance pattern of inhaled 15oxygen-labeled carbon dioxide (C15O2). After a single breath inhalation of C15O2, counts over the lungs were obtained from sequential 0.5 sec positron camera images. In 21 patients without left-to-right shunts, counts declined exponentially due to the washout of C15O2 by the pulmonary blood flow. In 22 patients with left-to-right shunts, this monoexponential pulmonary clearance pattern was interrupted by an abnormal upward deviation, indicating tracer recirculation through the shunt to the lungs. Following surgical shung closure in 10 patients, pulmonary C15O2 clearance patterns became normal in nine and showed a small residual left-to-right shunt in one. Shunt size was derived from the ratio of the height of the recirculation curve to the height of the initial inhalation peak. These values significantly correlated with shunt size as determined by oximetry (r = 0.83).
Verapamil versus placebo in relieving stable angina pectoris.
Authors: M BPine, P DCitron, D JBailly, SButman, G OPlasencia, D WLanda, R KWong
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Verapamil and placebo were compared in patients with stable, effort-induced angina. Single-blind dose titration (240, 360 and 480 mg/day) preceded a double-blind crossover. Among the 18 patients who completed graded exercise stress tests with reproducible pretreatment effort-limiting angina, exercise duration increased from 348 +/- 127 seconds (SD) before treatment to 494 +/- 182 seconds after verapamil (p less than 0.001), but did not change after placebo. Compared with placebo, verapamil reduced the weekly number of anginal episodes from 4.54 +/- 5.03 to 2.44 +/- 3.30 (p less than 0.05) and reduced nitroglycerin consumption from 3.46 +/- 5.30 to 1.55 +/- 2.89 tablets per week (p less than 0.05). Of 26 patients who completed the single-blind dose titration, 16 were improved (greater than 1 minute) at a dosage of 240 or 360 mg/day. No patient improved (greater than 1 minute) on 480 mg/day who had not already improved on a lower dose, but side effects requiring reduction in dosage occurred in seven patient...
Feasibility, Safety and Effectiveness of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection of Gastrointestinal Lesions In Out- Vs Inpatient Setting
Authors: S Sferrazza, M Maida, F Vieceli, N de Pretis, F Armelao, E Tasini, G de Pretis
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) allows ‘en-bloc’ resection of superficial gastrointestinal neoplasms, which has implications for complete excision and pathological analysis. Patients undergoing ESD are usually managed as inpatients. This study aimed to compare feasibility, safety and efficacy of ESD for in- and outpatient setting.
Intracoronary urokinase for intracoronary thrombus accumulation complicating percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in acute ischemic syndromes.
Authors: GSchieman, B MCohen, JKozina, J SErickson, R APodolin, K LPeterson, JRoss, MBuchbinder
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Intracoronary urokinase was used to treat flow-limiting intracoronary thrombus accumulation that complicated successful percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) during acute ischemic syndromes in 48 patients who were followed up through the acute phase of their illness. The study group comprised 10 patients with unstable angina pectoris, 18 patients with an evolving acute myocardial infarction, and 20 patients with postinfarction angina. The initial mean percent coronary diameter stenosis for the entire population was 95 +/- 7% and decreased with initial PTCA to 41 +/- 20% (p less than 0.001), with improved corresponding coronary flow by Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction trial (TIMI) grade. However, thrombus accumulation then resulted in a significant increase in percent diameter stenosis to 83 +/- 17% (p less than 0.001); a corresponding significant reduction in coronary flow also occurred by TIMI grade. After administration of intracoronary urokinase (mean dose, 141,000 units; range, 10...
Role of triple extrastimuli during electrophysiologic study of patients with documented sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias.
Authors: A EBuxton, H LWaxman, F EMarchlinski, W JUntereker, L EWaspe, M EJosephson
Journal: Circulation (1984)

Electrophysiologic studies were performed in 172 consecutive patients for evaluation of documented sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias. One hundred thirteen patients presented with sustained ventricular tachycardia that was hemodynamically stable, and 59 patients presented with cardiac arrest. Seventy-one patients without previously documented or suspected ventricular arrhythmias were also studied to determine the specificity of our electrophysiologic study protocol. The stimulation protocol included single, double, and triple right ventricular extrastimuli and rapid ventricular pacing at multiple cycle lengths performed at one or more right ventricular sites. Stimulation was performed at one or more left ventricular sites in patients with documented spontaneous arrhythmias when right ventricular programmed stimulation failed to induce sustained ventricular tachycardia. Ventricular tachyarrhythmias were induced in 110 (97%) of the patients who presented with sustained ventricular tachycardia, in 48 (81...
Effect of beta-adrenergic suppression by propranolol on coronary collateral development in response to chronic coronary ischemia in dogs.
Authors: W ANeill, VNakornchai, JOxendine, M SPaul
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Acute left circumflex coronary artery (LC) occlusion in conscious dogs caused marked ischemia in the myocardium supplied by the occluded artery, as judged by the radioactive microsphere technique for determining blood flow distribution. With the chest open, LC pressure distal to the occlusion fell to 21 +/- 1.9% of aortic pressure. By 8 weeks after gradual LC occlusion with an ameroid constrictor, collateral development had restored coronary blood flow distribution to near-normal under basal conditions and during pacing, at a heart rate of 200 beats/min. The only evidence for ischemia was in the subepicardium within the distribution of the unoccluded left anterior descending artery, which provided the extra collateral blood flow. Distal LC pressure was 70 +/- 1.7% of aortic pressure. Propranolol 160 mg orally every 6 hours for 8 weeks had no detectable effect on coronary collateral development, as judged by blood flow distribution or distal LC pressure. The only significant difference for the propranolol ...
TAP dysfunction in dendritic cells enables noncanonical cross-presentation for T cell priming
Authors: Gaëtan Barbet, Priyanka Nair-Gupta, Michael Schotsaert, Stephen T. Yeung, Julien Moretti, Fabian Seyffer, Giorgi Metreveli, Thomas Gardner, Angela Choi, Domenico Tortorella, Robert Tampé, Kamal M. Khanna, Adolfo García-Sastre, J. Magarian Blander
Journal: Nature Immunology (2021)