tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Multicenter patency trial of intravenous anistreplase compared with streptokinase in acute myocardial infarction. The TEAM-2 Study Investigators.
Authors: J LAnderson, S GSorensen, F LMoreno, R AHackworthy, K FBrowne, H TDale, FLeya, VDangoisse, H WEckerson, V JMarder
Journal: Circulation (1991)

Thrombolytic therapy has been shown to improve clinical outcome when administered early after the onset of symptoms of acute myocardial infarction; the mechanism of benefit is believed to be reestablishment and maintenance of coronary artery patency. Anistreplase is a second generation thrombolytic agent that is easily administered and has a long duration of action. To compare anistreplase (30 units/2-5 min) and therapy with the Food and Drug Administration-approved regimen of intravenous streptokinase (1.5 million units/60 min), a randomized, double-blind, multicenter patency trial was undertaken in 370 patients less than 76 years of age with electrocardiographic ST segment elevation who could be treated within 4 hours of symptom onset. Coronary patency was determined by reading, in a blinded fashion, angiograms obtained early (90-240 minutes; mean, 140 minutes) and later (18-48 hours; mean, 28 hours) after beginning therapy. Early total patency (defined as Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction grade 2 o...
Submucosal Tunnelling Endoscopic Resection (STER) With Intra-Tunnel Morcellation For A Giant Esophageal Leiomyoma
Authors: A Bapaye, A Gandhi, S Dharamsi, R Jain, H Bapaye
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Introduction Submucosal tunnelling endoscopic resection (STER) recommended for esophageal subepithelial tumors < 4cm. Resection of larger lesions is technically challenging. Video demonstrates STER for giant esophageal leiomyoma.
Hemodynamic patterns of response during long-term captopril therapy for severe chronic heart failure.
Authors: MPacker, NMedina, MYushak, JMeller
Journal: Circulation (1983)

To determine the relationship between the early and late hemodynamic effects of captopril in patients with severe heart failure, we performed serial right heart catheterizations in 51 such patients who were treated with the drug for 2 to 8 weeks. Four hemodynamic patterns of response were observed. Nine patients had minimal responses initially (type I); six failed to improve during long-term treatment, but three showed delayed hemodynamic benefits. Twenty-eight patients had initial beneficial drug effects that were sustained after 48 hr and after 2 to 8 weeks (type II). In seven patients, first doses of captopril produced marked beneficial responses, but these became rapidly attenuated after 48 hr; nevertheless, continued therapy for 2 to 8 weeks was accompanied by spontaneous restoration of the hemodynamic effects of first doses of the drug, i.e., triphasic response (type III). In the remaining seven patients, attenuation of initial response was not reversed by prolonged captopril therapy; hemodynamic va...
A Randomised Trial of Aggressive Fluid Hydration to Prevent Post-ERCP Pancreatitis (FLUYT)
Authors: CJ Sperna Weiland, XJ Smeets, W Kievit, RC Verdonk, AC Poen, A Bhalla, NG Venneman, BJ Witteman, DW da Costa, B van Eijck, MP Schwartz, TE Römkens, JM Vrolijk, M Hadithi, AM Voorburg, LC Baak, WJ Thijs, RL van Wanrooij, AC Tan, TC Seerden, YC Keulemans, TR de Wijkerslooth, W van de Vrie, P van der Schaar, SM van Dijk, ND Hallensleben, RL Sperna Weiland, HC Timmerhuis, DS Umans, JE van Hooft, H van Goor, HC van Santvoort, MG Besselink, MJ Bruno, P Fockens, JP Drenth, EJ van Geenen
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Pancreatitis is the most common complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Rectal nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (rNSAIDs) administration is considered as standard of care to reduce the risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis. It has been suggested that aggressive hydration may further reduce this risk. Guidelines already recommend aggressive hydration. However, multicentre randomised trials studying the added value of aggressive hydration in patients receiving prophylactic rNSAIDs are lacking. We, therefore, performed a trial to investigate the combination of aggressive hydration and rNSAIDs.
Effects of active compression-decompression resuscitation on myocardial and cerebral blood flow in pigs.
Authors: K HLindner, E GPfenninger, K GLurie, WSchürmann, I MLindner, F WAhnefeld
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDThis study was designed to assess the effects of a modified cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) technique that consists of both active compression and active decompression of the chest (ACD CPR) versus standard CPR (STD CPR) on myocardial and cerebral blood flow during ventricular fibrillation both before and after epinephrine administration.METHODS AND RESULTSDuring a 30-second period of ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest, 14 pigs were randomized to receive either STD CPR (n = 7) or ACD CPR (n = 7). Both STD and ACD CPR were performed using an automated pneumatic piston device applied midsternum, designed to provide either active chest compression (1.5 to 2.0 in.) and decompression or only active compression of the chest at 80 compressions per minute and 50% duty cycle. Using radiolabeled microspheres, median total myocardial blood flow after 5 minutes of ventricular fibrillation was 14 (7 to 30, minimum to maximum) STD CPR versus 30 (9 to 46) mL.min-1 x 100 g-1 with ACD CPR (P < .05). Med...
Determination of local myocardial electrical activation for activation sequence mapping. A statistical approach.
Authors: K PAnderson, RWalker, P RErshler, MFuller, TDustman, RMenlove, S VKarwandee, R LLux
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Electrical activation sequence mapping requires accurate identification of local activation, but because extracellular recordings do not exclusively reflect local events, complex electrograms may be difficult to interpret. In such cases, the assignment of local activation is subject to error that could affect interpretation of the resulting activation maps. The purpose of this investigation was to develop an approach that would provide quantitative indexes of error in the determination of local activation. An electrode array with 64 closely spaced unipolar electrodes was used to record from the left ventricular surface during open heart surgery. Electrograms with multiple deflections were recorded from four patients with scarred myocardium; two other patients with normal myocardial function served as controls. Each of 784 deflections was scored on the basis of three features: evidence for propagation, the configuration of the bipolar signal, and the effect of changing from the chest to an average referenc...
Comparison of coronary angiographic findings in acute and chronic first presentation of ischemic heart disease.
Authors: PBogaty, S JBrecker, S EWhite, R NStevenson, Hel-Tamimi, RBalcon, AMaseri
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDIt is generally assumed that the clinical manifestations of ischemic heart disease occur randomly on the same underlying pathological process. Therefore, coronary angiographic findings should be similar whether the first presentation of ischemic heart disease is acute myocardial infarction or uncomplicated chronic stable angina.METHODS AND RESULTSWe studied 102 patients (men   or = 50%, occlusions), extent of disease (with an index derived by assigning...
Stimulation of renin release from rabbit renal cortex by arachidonic acid and prostaglandin endoperoxides.
Authors: P CWebber, CLarsson, EAnggard, MHamberg, E JCorey, K CNicolaou, BSamuelsson
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

The mechanism by which renal prostaglandins stimulate renin secretion in vivo is unknown. In this in vitro study we measured the effects of activation of the prostaglandin (PG) system on renin release from slices of rabbit renal cortex. The PG precursor arachidonic acid (C20:4), a natural PG endoperoxide (PGG2), two stable synthetic PG endoperoxide analogues (EPA I and II), PGE2, PGF2alpha, and two different PG synthesis inhibitors [indomethacin and 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid (ETA)] were used to evaluate the possibility of a direct action of the cortical PG system on renin secretion. Renin release increased significantly with time after addition of C20:4, PGG2, EPA I, and EPA II to the incubation medium. Stimulation of renin release was se-related for C20:4 in concentrations of 0.6 to 4.5 X 10(-6) M, for EPA I in concentrations of 0.7 to 2.8 X 10(-6) M, and for EPA II in concentrations of 1.4 to 14.0 X 10(-6) M. Indomethacin (10(-4) M) and ETA (10(-4) M) significantly decreased basal renin release as...
Cancer in the Elderly
Authors: Gary H. Lyman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Medical Writings: Book Notes1 May 2001Cancer in the ElderlyGary H. Lyman, MD, MPHGary H. Lyman, MD, MPHAlbany Medical College, Albany, New York. (Lyman)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-134-9_Part_1-200105010-00030 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Hunter CP, Johnson KA, Muss HB, ed. 606 pages. New York: Marcel Dekker; 2000. $195.00. ISBN 0824702786. Order phone 800-228-1160.Field of medicine: Clinical oncology and geriatrics.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Oncologists; geriatricians; primary care physicians; trainees; and those interested in cancer research, public health, and health policy issues.Purpose: To present a compendium of knowledge about cancer in elderly persons.Content: The first chapter presents an overview of the epidemiology and burden of cancer in elderly persons worldwide. The next five chapters discuss screening for breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer and cancer prevention. Two chapters cover molecular biology, biological ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Gary H. Lyman, MD, MPHAffiliations: Albany Medical College, Albany, New York. (Lyman) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 2001Volume 134, Issue 9_Part_1 Page: 800 Keywords Biomarkers Cancer epidemiology Cancer genetics Cancer treatment Elderly Geriatrics Molecular biology Prevention, policy, and public health Public policy Software tools ePublished: 1 May 2001 Issue Published: 1 May 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Intrathoracic spatial location of specified coronary segments on the normal human heart. Applications in quantitative arteriography, assessment of regional risk and contraction, and anatomic display.
Authors: J TDodge, B GBrown, E LBolson, H TDodge
Journal: Circulation (1988)

The clinically important coronary segmental anatomy has been described in a format useful for quantitative analysis and standardized display. We have determined the intrathoracic location and course of each of the 23 coronary artery segments and branches commonly used for clinical description of disease. Measurements were averaged from perpendicular angiographic view-pairs in 37 patients with normal-sized hearts. Each segment or branch is described by several points along its course; each point is specified in polar coordinates as the radial distance from the principal coronary ostium and by angles about the patient, corresponding to those describing rotation in c-arm radiographic systems. This computer-assisted measurement method is accurate to within +/- 0.2 cm (SD) and +/- 2 degrees in phantom studies. Coronary segment location among a group of normal-sized hearts can be specified to within +/- 1.0 cm (SD). For example, the left anterior descending coronary artery segment at the apex of the heart is 12...
Viral infection and the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy.
Authors: T AMartino, PLiu, M JSole
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

Long-term follow-up studies of patients with suspected viral myocarditis reveal progression to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in a significant number of cases. Thus, an underlying viral etiology has been hypothesized in the pathogenesis of ongoing heart disease that leads to DCM. Recent application of molecular biology in clinical diagnosis has strengthened this hypothesis. By use of probe hybridization and polymerase chain reaction, enteroviral RNA has been detected in the myocardium of patients at all stages of the disease process: myocarditis, chronic heart disease, and DCM. Experimental murine models of enterovirus-induced heart disease provide a framework for examining the pathogenic mechanisms. Viral cytotoxicity, immunological responses, viral RNA persistence, and spasm of the coronary microvasculature are all implicated in the ongoing disease process. Abnormal cardiac function and heart failure are attributed to the pathological changes that occur.
Quantification of infarction in cross sections of canine myocardium in vivo with positron emission transaxial tomography and 11C-palmitate.
Authors: E SWeiss, S AAhmed, M JWelch, J RWilliamson, M MTer-Pogossian, B ESobel
Journal: Circulation (1977)

To assess myocardial infarction quantitatively in 15 mm thick transverse sections of the canine heart in vivo we utilized a new technique, positron emission transaxial tomography (PETT) and cyclotron-produced 11C-palmitate (11C-P) injected intravenously. Results were compared to regional myocardial creatine phosphokinase (CPK) depletion, diminished 14C-palmitate accumulation in tissue extracts, and infarction estimated morphometrically 48 hours after coronary occlusion. CPK activity and 14C-P content declined in parallel in transmural biopsies (N=44) from normal and ischemic zones (r=.92) in six dogs; and infarct in 10 mm thick cross sections of the entire left ventricle estimated morphometrically (N=26) in six other animals correlated with CPK depletion in contiguous 2.5 mm thick slices (r=.92). When the percentage of infarction in 15 mm thick cross sections was assessed tomographically in six other dogs 48 hours after coronary occlusion with 11C-P injected intravenously, results correlated with infarcti...
Electrocardiographic effects of experimental nontransmural myocardial infarction.
Authors: D MMirvis, LIngram, M KHolly, J LWilson, K BRamanathan
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Clinical and experimental data have documented the ability of nontransmural myocardial infarction to produce abnormal Q waves on both the epicardial and body surfaces. We undertook this study to define the anatomic determinants of such Q wave development. Thirty dogs were studied before and after occlusion-reperfusion (26 dogs) or latex embolization (four dogs) of the left circumflex coronary artery. Occlusion was maintained for 60 to 240 min before reperfusion to produce nontransmural lesions of various sizes. Electrocardiographic data were registered from 84 torso electrodes by body surface mapping techniques before and 1 week after infarction. Infarct size was quantitated by computer analysis of heart slices stained with triphenyl tetrazolium chloride. Six dogs did not develop infarction. Of the remaining 24, 10 did and 14 did not develop significant changes in body surface Q wave duration and width. The incidence of Q wave changes was not different in dogs with nontransmural and those with transmural ...
Suppression of time-dependent outward current in guinea pig ventricular myocytes. Actions of quinidine and amiodarone.
Authors: J RBalser, P BBennett, L MHondeghem, D MRoden
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Prolongation of cardiac action potentials may mediate some of the arrhythmia-suppressing and arrhythmia-aggravating actions of antiarrhythmic agents. In this study, suppression of time-dependent outward current by quinidine and amiodarone was assessed in guinea pig ventricular myocytes. The net time-dependent outward current contained at least two components: a slowly activating, La(3+)-resistant delayed rectifier current (IK) and a rapidly activating, La(3+)-sensitive current. Quinidine block of total time-dependent outward current during clamp steps to positive potentials was relieved as a function of time, whereas that induced by amiodarone was enhanced. In contrast, at negative potentials, suppression of current, whereas amiodarone reduced IK but not the La(3+)-sensitive current, suggesting that differential block of the two components of time-dependent current underlies the distinct effects of the two agents. In contrast to these disparate effects on total time-dependent outward current, steady-state...
The Complex Integration of T-cell Metabolism and Immunotherapy
Authors: Matthew Z. Madden, Jeffrey C. Rathmell
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2021)

Immune oncology approaches of adoptive cell therapy and immune checkpoint blockade aim to activate T cells to eliminate tumors. Normal stimulation of resting T cells induces metabolic reprogramming from catabolic and oxidative metabolism to aerobic glycolysis in effector T cells, and back to oxidative metabolism in long-lived memory cells. These metabolic reprogramming events are now appreciated to be essential aspects of T-cell function and fate. Here, we review these transitions, how they are disrupted by T-cell interactions with tumors and the tumor microenvironment, and how they can inform immune oncology to enhance T-cell function against tumors. SIGNIFICANCE: T-cell metabolism plays a central role in T-cell fate yet is altered in cancer in ways that can suppress antitumor immunity. Here, we discuss challenges and opportunities to stimulate effector T-cell metabolism and improve cancer immunotherapy.
Altered calcium sensitivity of isometric tension in myocyte-sized preparations of porcine postischemic stunned myocardium.
Authors: P AHofmann, W PMiller, R LMoss
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

Postischemic ventricular myocardial dysfunction, termed stunning, is characterized by a persistent but ultimately reversible depression of contractile function. The present study was undertaken to investigate the possibilities that reduced contractile force in stunning is due to a decrease in maximal tension-generating capability or to a decrease in the Ca2+ sensitivity of the myofilaments. The experiments combine an in vivo open-chest porcine heart model of stunning (n = 5) with in vitro measures of myocyte myofilament calcium sensitivity from these same hearts. Regional myocardial function in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) perfusion bed of porcine hearts was measured with transmural ultrasonic crystals. The protocol was 45 minutes of low-flow LAD ischemia at 40% of control flow, followed by 30 minutes of postischemic reperfusion at control aerobic flow. Percent systolic wall thickening decreased to 8 +/- 5% of control during ischemia (p < 0.05) and returned to 38 +/- 8% of control in...
The development of pulmonary vascular obstructive disease after successful Mustard operation in early infancy.
Authors: WBerman, VWhitman, W SPierce, J AWaldhausen
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Pulmonary vascular obstructive disease developed postoperatively in an infant with aortopulmonary transposition and intact ventricular septum who underwent a Mustard operation in 3 months of age. Preoperative catheterization had shown normal pulmonary artery pressures. Four months after surgery, catheterization showed pulmonary artery systolic pressure above the systemic level and a tortuous, attenuated pulmonary vascular tree visualized angiographically. Early corrective surgery may not preclude the development of pulmonary vascular obstructive disease in patients with aortopulmonary transposition.
Natural history and classification of occlusive thromboaortopathy (Takayasu's disease).
Authors: KIshikawa
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Fifty-four Japanese patients with occlusive thromboaortopathy (OTAP), including four males, were classified according to evidence of complications attributed to OTAP at the time when the diagnosis was established: Group I, uncomplicated OTAP with or without the involvement of the pulmonary artery. Group II, mono-complicated OTAP: presence of a single complication together with uncomplicated OTAP. Group II was subdivided according to severity into group IIa - mild or moderate form, and group IIb - severe form. Group III, multi-complicated OTAP with two or more complications as well as uncomplicated OTAP. The five-year survival rate after established diagnosis was 83.1%. Seven patients died of OTAP within five years, but all had belonged to group IIb or III.
Micropuncture measurement of microvascular pressures in isolated lamb lungs during hypoxia.
Authors: J URaj, PChen
Journal: Circulation Research (1986)

To study the effect of alveolar hypoxia on the pulmonary circulation of the newborn, we determined the longitudinal distribution of vascular pressures and the distribution of blood flow in isolated blood perfused lungs of newborn lambs during normoxia and hypoxia. We also examined the effect of hypoxia on the slope and intercept of the vascular pressure-flow (P/Q) relation. In 14 lungs, we used the micropipette servonulling technique to measure pressures in 20-80 micron subpleural arterioles and venules during normoxia and hypoxia at constant blood flow. In 5 other lungs, we used radiolabelled microspheres to determine the effect of hypoxia on regional distribution of blood flow. Under baseline normoxic conditions, segmental pressure drops in arteries, microvessels, and veins were approximately equal. During hypoxia pulmonary artery pressure always increased, resulting in a 60% increase in total vascular resistance. All segmental pressure drops increased with hypoxia. Arterial and venous pressure drops in...
Effects of respiration and posture on paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia.
Authors: M BWaxman, J FBonet, J PFinley, R WWald
Journal: Circulation (1980)

The capacity of deep inspiration and the dependent body position to terminate episodes of tachycardia was studied in 11 patients with recurrent paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT). In eight patients, a deep inspiration and a dependent position repeatedly terminated episodes of PSVT. Reasons for failure were found in the other three patients. A deep inspiration or assumption of a dependent position dramatically raised arterial blood pressure and terminated episodes of PSVT by reflexly increasing vagal drive. The magnitude of the rise in blood pressure was directly proportional to the depth of the inspired volume and to the extent of body dependency. The upright position attenuated the respiratory-induced increase in blood pressure and blocked PSVT termination. Likewise, vagal blockade with atropine did not affect the effects of respiration or dependent position on blood pressure but prevented termination of PSVT.