tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 16620: ATP Binding Cassette Protein B10 is a Putative Mitochondrial Exporter of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA) in Cardiomyoblasts
Authors: Arineh Khechaduri, Marina Bayeva, Hossein Ardehali
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Heme is a prosthetic group required for a diversity of cellular functions including transport of diatomic gases, oxidative phosphorylation and chemical catalysis. Heme synthesis begins in the mitoc...
Laterality of lower limb amputation in diabetic patients
Authors: P M S Evans, C Williams, M D Page, J C Alcolado, C. A Abbott, E. R E van Ross, J. Kulkarni, J. E Shaw, A. L Carrington, A. J M Boulton
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Low dose aspirin for preventing and treating pre-eclampsia Author of editorial did not criticise studies' methodologyEditor-In her editorial discussing the value or otherwise of aspirin for preventing and treating pre-eclampsia Duley wonders why the small trials have such different results from the large trials. 1 We suggest the following answer.Evidence based medicine means integrating individual skill with the best available evidence from systematic research.Duley's conclusions, based on several multicentre studies, seem to rely on the conclusions of these studies without her making criticisms of the methodology used.Firstly, the timing of the start of treatment with low dose aspirin is important.The studies consistently fail to show the percentage of women who were < 16 weeks pregnant, the crucial time when maximum trophoblastic invasion is taking place (table ).This issue was raised by de Swiet in Bower's news article 2 and by Beaufilis et al. 3 Secondly, the dose of aspirin used in the later large trials is low.A meta-analysis by Leitich et al (not quoted in the editorial) shows that aspirin was more effective at higher doses (100-150 mg/day) than at lower doses (50-80 mg/day). 4It seems that these large studies have looked at the wrong dose of aspirin used at the wrong time of pregnancy.The editorial's conclusions are based on trials with flawed methodology.The question of whether aspirin given in early pregnancy in an appropriate dose is effective in preventing pre-eclampsia remains unanswered.
Opinion
Authors: S K Pandya
Journal: BMJ (1988)

The statement of Professor Robert Swenson, i.e., that a stereotyped behavioral response of both individuals and society can be identified in any given epidemic, may be irrational. Epidemics also stimulate a variety of new laws, and Swenson and his readers will understand the impulses that drove the Reagan administration to measures that aggravated the agony of those Americans infected by the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) virus. Also Swenson may be able to explain the recent view adopted by Professor A.S. Paintal, director general of the Indian Council of Medical Research, who has proposed legislation banning sex by foreigners with Indians. The law ministry of the government of India has rejected Paintal's proposal as it would infringe on the constitutional right to privacy.
Learning from the NHS
Authors: J. Dixon, A. Preker
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The British National Health Service has been a great inspiration for other countries during the past 50 years. A central theme has been the role that the state can play in securing health care for its population. What can other countries learn from the latest reforms in the NHS and the new role of the government in health care?

Governments have become central to health policy, engaging in both the financing and the provision of a wide range of care. Most countries in the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, for example, have achieved universal access to health care through a mix of public and private providers and sources of finance.1 Proponents of public sector involvement in health care have rooted their arguments in both philosophical and technical grounds. In most societies care for the sick and disabled is considered an expression of humanitarian aspirations. But economic theory also provides ample justification for such an engagement to secure efficiency2 and equity.3 The past 100 years is …
Abstract 12250: Maintaining Low Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Risk Profile from Young Adulthood to Middle Age by Healthy Lifestyle: The CARDIA Study
Authors: Kiang Liu, Martha Daviglus, Laura Colangelo, Catherine Loria, Donald Lloyd-Jones
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Low CVD risk profile (untreated cholesterol < 200 mg/dl, untreated blood pressure < 120/80 mmHg, never smoking, no diabetes and no myocardial infarction) in middle-age adults has been s...
Abstract 3303: Safety and Efficacy of Bivalirudin in Patients with non-ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes Undergoing Medical Management: Results from the Randomized ACUITY Trial
Authors: Walter Desmet, Lars H Rasmussen, A. M Lincoff, Angel R Cequier, Hans-J rgen Rupprecht, Bernard J Gersh, Steven Manoukian, Michel E Bertrand, Gregg W Stone
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Annual general meeting of the BMA
Authors: D. Gullick, E M Armstrong
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Children born after intracytoplasmic sperm injection What do authors mean by control infants?Editor-Sutcliffe et al compare babies born through intracytoplasmic sperm injection with control babies (matched for social class, maternal education, region, and sex) born after unassisted conception. 1 In their table they give means, standard deviations, and 95% confidence intervals for the two groups separately.These confidence intervals tell us about the estimation of the mean in the population of which the babies are a random sample, which they are not.They tell us nothing about the comparison between the cases and controls.These controls have been chosen to be similar to the study babies in many ways; they are not a representative sample of babies.It is the difference between the study babies and the control babies that is of interest, and the confidence interval we should have is that for this difference in mean.We cannot work this out from the data given, because this is a paired study and we have unpaired standard deviations.All we have for the comparison is the implication, not actually stated, that the differences are not significant.What we should be given are confidence intervals that tell us how different the cases and controls are.
Abstract 3474: Bleeding Complications Associated with Dual Antiplatelet Therapy plus Anticoagulant in Patients Who Underwent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Drug-eluting Stents
Authors: Yoshie Uchida, Yukio Tsurumi, Atsushi Takahashi, Michiaki Higasitani, Kinichi Kameyama, Michitaka Nagashima, Fumiaki Mori, Atsushi Takagi, Tsuyoshi Shiga, Nobuhisa Hagiwara, Hiroshi Kasanuki
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Backgrounds: Combinations of dual antiplatelet therapy (aspirin with thienopyridine derivatives) plus warfarin sodium are often used in various cardiac conditions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate bleeding complications associated with combinations of dual antiplatelet plus anticoagulant therapy in patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug eluting stents (DES). Methods and Results : We reviewed 563 PCI cases with DES between August 2004 and March 2007 in our hospital either in the setting of elective situation or acute coronary syndrome. On discharge, 515 patients (91.5%) were prescribed dual antiplatelet therapy alone, while 48 patients (8.5%) were discharged receiving dual antiplatelet plus anticoagulant therapy. Major and minor bleeding complications were observed in 90 patients (17.8%). Rates of bleeding complications were significantly higher among patients receiving triple therapy compared to those with dual antiplatelet alone (37.5% vs. 13.9%, P&lt;0.05). Moreover, incidence of major bleeding was remarkably higher in patients receiving the triple therapy compared to those with dual antiplatelet alone (16.7% vs. 1.9%, P&lt;0.01). Multivariate analysis revealed that chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a strongest predictor of both major and minor bleeding. Conclusions : Triple therapy, dual antiplatelet plus anticoagulant combination, was associated with significant increase in bleeding risk for patients who underwent PCI with DES. Our results also suggest that caution should be paid especially in those patients with CKD, that is a strongest predictor of major bleeding when the triple antithrombotic regimen was prescribed.
Abstract 14612: Infective Endocarditis in Patients Without Previous History of Cardiac Diseases: Clinical Features and Treatment Outcome
Authors: Suk-Won Choi, Byung Joo Sun, Dae-Hee Kim, Jong-Min Song, Duk-Hyun Kang, Jae-Kwan Song
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Retrospective analysis of clinical, laboratory and echocardiographic data of 241 consecutive patients with infective endocarditis (IE, age 51±17 years) showed that 131 (54.4n%) had no past medical ...
Abstract P312: Both Higher and Lower Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rates are Associated with Higher Risks of All-cause Death and Cardiovascular Mortality and Morbidity among Elderly Japanese People
Authors: Masaki Ohsawa, Kozo Tanno, Kazuyoshi Itai, Akira Ogawa, Kuniaki Ogasawara, Tomoaki Fujioka, Motoyuki Nakamura, Yuki Yoshida, Toshiyuki Onoda, Shin-ichi Omama, Yasuhiro Ishibashi, Shinji Makita, Fumitaka Tanaka, Toru Kuribayashi, Tomiko Koyama, Kiyomi Sakata, Akira Okayama
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Reduced estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) and albuminuria contribute to higher risks for all-cause death and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Recent studies indicated...
A Double-Blind Randomized Comparison of Combined Aspirin and Ticlopidine Therapy Versus Aspirin or Ticlopidine Alone on Experimental Arterial Thrombogenesis in Humans
Authors: Jean-Pierre Bossavy, Claire Thalamas, Luc Sagnard, André Barret, Kjell Sakariassen, Bernard Boneu, Yves Cadroy
Journal: Blood (1998)
Abstract 13591: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) Training Rates in the United States
Authors: Monique L Anderson, Margueritte Cox, Sana M Al-Khatib, Kevin L Thomas, Emil L Fosbol, Paul S Chan, Graham Nichol, Eric D Peterson
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: Bystander CPR is a critical step in the out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) chain of survival. However, there are currently no published data on CPR training rates across communitie...
Abstract 3583: Glucometrics in Patients Hospitalized With Acute Myocardial Infraction: Defining the Optimal Measure of Risk
Authors: Mikhail Kosiborod, Silvio Inzucchi, Harlan M Krumholz, Lan Xiao, Phillip G Jones, Suzanne Fiske, Steven P Marso, Frederick A Masoudi, John A Spertus
Journal: Circulation (2007)
Detection and Titration of Human Herpesvirus-8–Specific Antibodies in Sera From Blood Donors, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Patients, and Kaposi's Sarcoma Patients Using a Whole Virus Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Authors: Louise G. Chatlynne, William Lapps, Michael Handy, Yao Q. Huang, Rizwan Masood, Ann S. Hamilton, Jonathan W. Said, H.P. Koeffler, Mark H. Kaplan, Alvin Friedman-Kien, Parkash S. Gill, James E. Whitman, Dharam V. Ablashi
Journal: Blood (1998)
Survey of the contamination of foodstuffs of animal origin by Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 in Belgium from 1999 to 2003
Authors: A Chahed, Y Ghafir, B China, K Dierick, L De Zutter, D Piérard, G Daube
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2005)

A survey of the prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) of O157 serotype in foodstuffs of animal origin (beef, veal, pork, chicken, fish) from 1999 to 2003 in Belgium was performed. STEC strains were only isolated from beef with a prevalence of 0.73%. This percentage is low in comparison with the prevalence in other countries. Among the 76 isolated STEC O157 strains, 75% belonged to the serotype O157:H7 and 25% to the serotype O157 non H7. Moreover, the most frequent pathotype was eae stx2 ehxA (74%).
2007 Donald Seldin Lecture—Fructose, Uric Acid, and the Pathogenesis of the Epidemic of Hypertension and Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Richard J. Johnson
Journal: Circulation (2007)

There has been a remarkable increase in the frequency of hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and kidney disease since the early 1900s, and this is largely responsible for the dramatic rise in cardiovascular disease during the past century. While physical inactivity and excessive energy intake play an important role, there is also concern that specific foods in the Western diet may contribute. In this lecture, we revisit the hypothesis that sugar, and in particular fructose, may have a key role in the epidemic. We will review the experimental and clinical evidence linking fructose to the epidemic, as well as recent data suggesting that the effects may be driven in part by the unique ability of fructose to raise uric acid. We will also briefly discuss the evidence that uric acid may be a true cardiovascular risk factor, with attention to its actions on the kidney and vasculature. Although more definitive studies need to be performed, the resurrection of these 2 old risk factors (fructose and uric acid) may allow for new insights into how to both prevent and interrupt the ongoing cardiorenal epidemic.
Abstract 15423: Usefulness of Three-Dimensional Speckle Tracing Strain to Detect the Site of Prolonged Post-Ischemic Left Ventricular Diastolic Stunning Following Coronary Vasospasm
Authors: Katsuhisa Ishii, Atsuko Furukawa, Takahiro Nagai, Kazuaki Kataoka, Yutaka Seino
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background:  Three-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (3D-SI) has been recently developed to quantify left ventricular (LV) stain using complete pyramidal datasets. We investigated whether impaired regional LV relaxation could actually be diagnosed using 3D-SI and how long the regional diastolic dysfunction persists after coronary vasospasm (CV).   Method:  Thirty-eight consecutive patients (26 men, 60 ± 9 years) with variant angina, diagnosed by intracoronary acetylcholine injection, were studied. The 3D-SI was obtained by using an ultrasound system (ARTIDA, Toshiba Medical Systems) with PST-25SX probe. The 3D-SI software automatically divided the LV into 16 segments and generated corresponding time-strain curves from each segment. The end systolic values of radial strain at the closure of aortic valve (A) and at the one-third point of diastole duration (B) were measured. 3D-SI diastolic index (3D-SIDI) was defined as (A-B)/A ×100% to assess the regional LV active relaxation. Three major coronary perfusion territories were assigned as :1) the mid-anteroseptal segment to the left anterior descending coronary artery; 2) the mid- lateral segment to the left circumflex branch; and 3) the mid-inferior segment to the right coronary artery. The mean 3D-SIDI in 30 control subjects was 84 ± 6%, 86 ± 8%, 83 ± 7% in the anteroseptal, lateral, and inferior segments, respectively. The first 3D-SI study was performed within 1 week before coronary angiography (CAG), and the second study was performed approximately 24 hours after. The 3D-SI study was then repeated 1, 2, and 4 weeks after.    Results:  The mean 3D-SIDI was -14.3 ± 15.8% in the 45 territories perfused by the coronary arteries with spasm, similar to that noted before CAG (-10.6 ± 12.9%). In patients with no angina, the 3D-SIDI of the 28 territories perfused by the coronary arteries with spasm significantly increased 21.7 ± 11.5%, 48 ± 18.6%, and 80 ± 8.7% (p    Conclusion:  Echocardiographic evaluation of regional myocardial wall motion by 3D-SI is a useful method for detecting prolonged post-ischemic diastolic stunning and for identifying the angina-provoking vessel in patients with CV.
Acquired immunodeficiency without HIV infection: epidemiology and clinical outcome in Italy
Authors: G Rezza, P Pezzotti, F Aiuti
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Cases of acquired immunodeficiency without HIV infection, but with depletion of CD4 T lymphocytes have been reported since 1989. We estimated the prevalence of this condition in Italy and evaluated its clinical outcome.

In January 1993 the Italian National AIDS Unit began a nationwide retrospective survey of symptomatic cases of acquired immunodeficiency without HIV infection. Cases were defined as having (a) one or more clinical conditions indicating severe immunosuppression; (b) depleted CD4 T lymphocytes (fewer than 300x10 6 cells/l or proportionately less than 20% of the lymphocyte count) at the time of clinical diagnosis; (c) no known cause of immunosuppression; and (d) negative results for HIV infection on enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and in at least one supplementary test. This case definition was circulated to all doctors who were considered most likely to have seen such patients--namely, immunologists and specialists in infectious diseases …
Abstract MP01: Healthy Lifestyle Factors and Risk of Heart Failure in the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study
Authors: Golareh Agha, Eric B Loucks, Lesley Tinker, Molly E Waring, Dominique Michaud, Randi E Foraker, Wenjun Li, Lisa W Martin, Philip Greenland, JoAnn E Manson, Charles B Eaton
Journal: Circulation (2013)

BACKGROUND: A healthy lifestyle (not smoking, regular exercise, a healthy diet, and a healthy weight) has been shown to be associated with lower risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular disease mortality. Little is known about the impact of a healthy lifestyle on risk of heart failure (HF). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of a combination of healthy lifestyle factors on incident HF. METHODS: Participants included 85,048 post-menopausal women from the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) Observational Study, aged 50-79, who were free of HF at baseline and had a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 18.5 kg/m 2 . Lifestyle factors, assessed at baseline, were: Smoking (never, former, current), physical activity (inactive, somewhat active, active), Alternate Healthy Eating index (AHEI)- a composite numerical index of dietary quality, and BMI. A healthy lifestyle was defined by the following 4 criteria: never smoking, active, high-scoring AHEI (top 40% of the index), and a healthy weight (BMI &lt; 25 kg/m 2 ). Women received 1 point for every healthy lifestyle criterion met, with a possible range of 0-4 points. Self-reported HF was followed up by clinical adjudication using standardized methodology. Cox proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: There were 1826 cases of HF during a mean follow-up of 11 years. Individually, all 4 healthy lifestyle factors were significantly and independently associated with a decreased risk of HF, in a graded fashion (For example: HR = 0.68 {95% CI: 0.60,0.78} for active vs. inactive; HR=0.77 {95% CI: 0.68,0.88} for somewhat active vs. inactive). In analyses on the combination of healthy lifestyle factors, an increasing number of healthy lifestyle points was significantly associated with decreased risk of HF in multivariable-adjusted models ( Table ). CONCLUSION: Among a diverse US sample of post-menopausal women, an inverse and graded association was observed between number of healthy lifestyle factors and risk of HF.
Silencing of Tyms and Plk1 Sensitises Malignant Mesothelioma Cells to Gemcitabine
Authors: Glen Reid, Sumedha Gattani, Michaela B. Kirschner, Lyn J. Schedlich, Rayleen Bowman, Kwun M. Fong, Nico Van Zandwijk
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Abstract 14751: Everolimus-eluting Stents Demonstrate Better Vascular Healing and Function Compared to First-generation Drug-eluting Stents
Authors: Yoshiaki Mitsutake, Takafumi Ueno, Shinji Yokoyama, Masaki Awata, Ken-ichiro Sasaki, Yasuyuki Toyama, Hiroshi Koiwaya, Takaharu Nakayoshi, Naoki Itaya, Hidetoshi Chibana, Tsutomu Imaizumi
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Backgrounds Impaired arterial healing and abnormal vasomotor response after first-generation drug-eluting stents (DES) implantation have been reported. New-generation DES are expected to yield bett...
Cardiovascular Event Reduction Versus New-Onset Diabetes During Atorvastatin Therapy
Authors: David D. Waters, Jennifer E. Ho, S. Matthijs Boekholdt, David A. DeMicco, John J.P. Kastelein, Michael Messig, Andrei Breazna, Terje R. Pedersen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Abstract P178: Pedometer Feedback Intervention Increases Time Spent in Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity in Cardiac Rehabilitation Patients
Authors: Cemal Ozemek, Wonwoo Byun, Katrina Riggin, Scott Strath, Leonard Kaminsky
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: Pedometer feedback with step goals has previously been demonstrated to be effective in increasing daily steps in cardiac rehabilitation patients. These monitors allow the individual to track steps taken during a day, which may influence the frequency or duration of structured physical activity that is intended to achieve a step goal. However, it is not known whether an increase in step counts by pedometer feedback with step goals also increases time spent in recommended intensity levels for improved health, specifically moderate-to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), in cardiac rehabilitation patients. Hypothesis: Pedometer feedback with weekly step goals will increase time spent in MVPA, mediated by an increase in step counts in cardiac rehabilitation patients. Methods: A total of 31 (22 men and 9 women, age 62 ± 9 years) patients participated in a 12-week maintenance cardiac rehabilitation, pedometer based step goal intervention. Prior to the intervention, each subject’s one week baseline average daily step count was measured and 10% of this value was used to increase step goals during the intervention. Each week the step goal was met, the following week’s goal was appropriately increased. However, if the step goal for the week was not achieved, the step goal would not increase until the goal was fulfilled. Additionally, daily step counts and time spent in MVPA and light physical activity were assessed at baseline (without pedometer feedback) and for each intervention week (with pedometer feedback) using a Kenz Lifecorder PLUS monitor (Nagoya, Japan). Average time spent in light physical activity (activity level of 1-2) and MVPA (activity levels ≥3), were determined according to activity intensity level defined by the manufacturer’s analyses program. Results: The average step count for the baseline week was 5546 ± 2679 steps/day which significantly increased to 8348± 3613 steps/day by week 12 (p&lt;0.01). The average time spent in MVPA also significantly increased (p&lt;0.01) from 19 ± 16 min/day at baseline to 38 ± 23 min/day at week 12. In addition, there was a significant increase (p&lt;0.05) in time spent in light physical activity from baseline (42 ± 18 min/day) to week 12 (51 ± 24 min/day). Conclusion: Findings of this study demonstrate that a 12-week pedometer feedback-based intervention was effective in increasing time spent in MVPA in maintenance cardiac rehabilitation patients. Cardiac rehabilitation facilities can utilize pedometer feedback and goal setting to promote increases in time spent in recommended activity levels previously associated with improved health outcomes.