tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 14095: Use of Femoral Arterial Doppler Velocity to Detect Perfusing Pulses During Cardiac Arrest
Authors: allison cohen, Timmy Li, Lance B Becker, Allen Gold, mathew nelson, Casey Owens, Neha Singh, Daniel Rolston
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: Manual pulse detection is inaccurate in cardiac arrest(CA) and Doppler ultrasound may detect blood flow without an adequate perfusion blood pressure (pseudo-pulseless electrical activity). The purpose of this study is to assess whether maximum femoral arterial velocity during a pulse check is correlated with arterial line systolic blood pressure (SBP) and whether it can be used to accurately identify a SBP of ≥60mmHG. Methods: This is a prospective study of CA patients at a quaternary care Emergency Department. During a pulse check, a linear ultrasound was placed at the common femoral artery and the presence or absence of an arterial Doppler waveform, the associated maximum velocity value, and arterial line SBP were recorded simultaneously. The correlation between SBP and maximum waveform velocity was assessed. Arterial SBPs were dichotomized as &lt;60mmHG or ≥60mmHg, as this was deemed as an adequate perfusion pressure, and a receiver operator characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine optimal cutoff value of maximum velocity associated with SBP ≥60mmHG. Sensitivity (Sn), specificity (Sp), and accuracy (Acc) of manual palpation and femoral artery pulse wave doppler for detection of SBP ≥60mmHg were calculated. Results: A total of 51 patients and 183 pulse checks were analyzed. There was a strong correlation between arterial line SBP and maximum waveform velocity (Spearman correlation coefficient: 0.92; p&lt;0.001). The optimal cutoff value of waveform velocity associated with a SBP ≥60mmHG was 20 cm/second (Sn: 0.89; specificity: 0.94; area under the curve: 0.98) with an Acc of 0.92. To detect SBP ≥60mmHg, manual palpation had a Sn of 0.45, Sp of 0.82, and Acc of 0.67 McNemar's test showed that Sn (p&lt;0.001), Sp (p=0.009), and Acc (p&lt;0.001) was significantly higher for doppler ultrasound &gt;=20cm/sec compared with manual palpation. Conclusion: In this study, during a pulse check, patients with a femoral arterial doppler waveform with a maximum velocity greater than 20cm/sec had a high probability of having a SBP ≥60mmHg, and improved Sn, Sp and Acc over manual palpation. The results demonstrate femoral arterial doppler maximum velocity is an accurate and objective tool to determine the presence of a pulse with adequate perfusion pressures.
Origins of biallelic inactivation of NF2 in neurofibromatosis type 2
Authors: Lu Xue, Weiwei He, Yi Zhang, Zhigang Wang, Hongsai Chen, Zhe Chen, Weidong Zhu, Dongmei Liu, Huan Jia, Yi Jiang, Zhaoyan Wang, Hao Wu
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2021)

Abstract Background Elucidating the mechanism by which biallelic inactivation evolved could provide a mechanistic understanding for NF2 tumorigenesis and also a rationale for clinical management. Methods A cohort of 60 NF2 patients was recruited. Next-generation sequencing of tumor and paired control samples was used to explore how NF2 mutations evolve in determining the clinical phenotypes. Results In total, 60 blood samples (one from each patient) and 61 (from 35 patients) NF2-associated tumors were collected. Next-generation sequencing of the blood samples detected “first hit” NF2 mutation in 35/60 donors (58.3%), 82.9% of which (29/35) bear heterozygous germline mutations, and 17.1% (6/35) of which are mosaics with variable allelic frequency (VAF). While a number of NF2 patients were found without germline mutation, most (57/61, 93.4%) NF2-associated tumors were identified with NF2 somatic mutation. We calculated the correlation between the onset latency of mosaic and germline NF2 allele carriers with the mosaicism VAF. The mosaicism VAF is negatively and linearly correlated to clinical symptom onset latency (R2 = 0.3677, P = .00351), suggesting biallelic inactivation probability is a linear function of “first hit” prevalence in the body. The second NF2 somatic mutation occurrence time positively correlates with the onset of clinical symptoms (R2 = 0.4151, P = .02633), suggesting tumor growth is linearly proportional to the time after biallelic inactivation. Conclusions Our results suggested that biallelic inactivation of NF2 evolved through neutral drift and preexisting first hit NF2 allele determines certain aspects of the clinical symptoms. Genetic diagnosis should be included in the diagnostic criteria and treatment consideration of NF2.
Easily-injectable shear-thinning hydrogel provides long-lasting submucosal barrier for gastrointestinal endoscopic surgery
Authors: Yinxiang Tang, Minhui Hu, Fuxin Tang, Rongkang Huang, Hui Wang, Dingcai Wu, Ping Lan
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)

Submucosal injection material has shown protective effect against gastrointestinal injury during endoscopic surgery in clinic. However, the protective ability of existing submucosal injection material is strictly limited by their difficult injectability and short barrier time. Herein, we report a shear-thinning gellan gum hydrogel that simultaneously has easy injectability and long-lasting barrier function, together with good hemostatic property and biocompatibility. Shear-thinning property endows our gellan gum hydrogel with excellent endoscopic injection performance, and the injection pressure of our gellan gum hydrogel is much lower than that of the small molecule solution (50 wt% dextrose) when injected through the endoscopic needle. More importantly, our gellan gum hydrogel shows much stronger barrier retention ability than normal saline and sodium hyaluronate solution in the ex vivo and in vivo models. Furthermore, our epinephrine-containing gellan gum hydrogel has a satisfactory hemostatic effect in the mucosal lesion resection model of pig. These results indicate an appealing application prospect for gellan gum hydrogel utilizing as a submucosal injection material in endoscopic surgery.
Health-Related Quality of Life in Metastatic, Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer: ENZAMET (ANZUP 1304), an International, Randomized Phase III Trial Led by ANZUP
Authors: Martin R. Stockler, Andrew J. Martin, Ian D. Davis, Haryana M. Dhillon, Stephen D. Begbie, Kim N. Chi, Simon Chowdhury, Xanthi Coskinas, Mark Frydenberg, Wendy E. Hague, Lisa G. Horvath, Anthony M. Joshua, Nicola J. Lawrence, Gavin M. Marx, John McCaffrey, Ray McDermott, Margaret McJannett, Scott A. North, Francis Parnis, Wendy R. Parulekar, David W. Pook, M. Neil Reaume, Shahneen Sandhu, Alvin Tan, Thean Hsiang Tan, Alastair Thomson, Francisco Vera-Badillo, Scott G. Williams, Diana G. Winter, Sonia Yip, Alison Y. Zhang, Robert R. Zielinski, Christopher J. Sweeney
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

We previously reported that enzalutamide improved overall survival when added to standard of care in metastatic, hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. Here, we report its effects on aspects of health-related quality of life (HRQL).HRQL was assessed with the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer core quality-of-life questionnaire and QLM-PR25 at weeks 0, 4, 12, and then every 12 weeks until progression. Scores from week 4 to 156 were analyzed with repeated measures modeling to calculate group means and differences. Deterioration-free survival was from random assignment until the earliest of death, clinical progression, discontinuation of study treatment, or a worsening of 10 points or more from baseline in fatigue, physical function, cognitive function, or overall health and quality of life (OHQL). HRQL scores range from 0 (lowest possible) to 100 (highest possible).HRQL was assessed in 1,042 of 1,125 participants (93%). Differences in means favored control over enzalutamide for fatigue (5.2, 95% CI, 3.6 to 6.9; P < .001), cognitive function (4.0, 95% CI, 2.5 to 5.5; P < .001), and physical function (2.6, 95% CI, 1.3 to 3.9; P < .001), but not OHQL (1.2, 95% CI, -0.2 to 2.7; P = .1). Deterioration-free survival rates at 3 years, and log-rank P values comparing the whole distributions, favored enzalutamide over control for OHQL (31% v 17%; P < .0001), cognitive function (31% v 20%; P = .001), and physical function (31% v 22%; P < .001), but not fatigue (24% v 18%; P = .16). The effects of enzalutamide on HRQL were independent of baseline characteristics.Enzalutamide was associated with worsening of self-reported fatigue, cognitive function, and physical function, but not OHQL. Enzalutamide was associated with improved deterioration-free survival for OHQL, physical function, and cognitive function because delays in disease progression outweighed early deteriorations in these aspects of HRQL.
Tunable 3D Hydrogel Microchannel Networks to Study Confined Mammalian Cell Migration (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 23/2021)
Authors: Katharina Siemsen, Sunil Rajput, Florian Rasch, Fereydoon Taheri, Rainer Adelung, Jan Lammerding, Christine Selhuber‐Unkel
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2021)

Cell Migration In article number 2100625 by Christine Selhuber-Unkel and co-workers, tunable hydrogel microarchitecture and stiffness in microchannel networks provide a novel strategy to investigate cancer cell invasion. For example, cell invasion, nuclear dynamics, cell migration, and nuclear envelope ruptures are controlled by the structural and mechanical properties of the microenvironment.
Leptomeningeal Enhancement Associated With Cerebral Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Michell Lozano-Chinga, Luke L. Linscott, Zeinab Afify
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
<i>Notes from the Field</i>: Mucormycosis Cases During the COVID<b>-</b>19 Pandemic — Honduras, May–September 2021
Authors: Homer Mejía-Santos, Sandra Montoya, Rafael Chacón-Fuentes, Emily Zielinski-Gutierrez, Beatriz Lopez, Mariangeli F. Ning, Nasim Farach, Fany García-Coto, David S. Rodríguez-Araujo, Karla Rosales-Pavón, Gustavo Urbina, Ana Carolina Rivera, Rodolfo Peña, Amy Tovar, Mitzi Castro Paz, Roque Lopez, Fabian Pardo-Cruz, Carol Mendez, Angel Flores, Mirna Varela, Tom Chiller, Brendan R. Jackson, Alexander Jordan, Meghan Lyman, Mitsuru Toda, Diego H. Caceres, Jeremy A. W. Gold
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2021)

§ Signs and symptoms of mucormycosis vary by the affected body site.Rhinoorbital-cerebral mucormycosis signs and symptoms frequently include unilateral facial swelling, headache, sinus congestion, and necrotic lesions of the nasal bridge or palate.Cutaneous mucormycosis signs and symptoms frequently include blisters or ulcers that become necrotic, and pain, erythema, or swelling around a wound.Pulmonary mucormycosis signs and symptoms frequently include cough, chest pain, and shortness of breath.https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/mucormycosis/symptoms.html
Transcription factor GTF2B regulates AIP protein expression in growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas and influences tumor phenotypes
Authors: Feng Cai, Shasha Chen, Xuebin Yu, Jing Zhang, Weiwei Liang, Yan Zhang, Yike Chen, Sheng Chen, Yuan Hong, Wei Yan, Wei Wang, Jianmin Zhang, Qun Wu
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2021)

Clinically, the low expression of wild-type aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein (AIP) in patients with sporadic growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary adenoma (GHPA) is associated with a more aggressive phenotype. However, the mechanism by which AIP expression is regulated in GHPA remains unclear. Herein, we investigated a transcription factor that regulates AIP expression and explored its role in tumor phenotypes.General transcription factor IIB (GTF2B) was predicted by several bioinformatic tools to regulate AIP expression transcriptionally. Regulation by GTF2B was evaluated using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), reverse transcription PCR, luciferase reporter, and western blot experiments in SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, transwell invasive assay, ELISA, western blot, immunohistochemical staining, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling were performed to investigate the effects of GTF2B and AIP on tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, growth hormone secretion, and invasiveness in GH3 cells and mouse xenograft models. Moreover, correlations between GTF2B and AIP expression were explored in GHPA cases.ChIP and luciferase reporter studies demonstrated that the regulation of AIP expression by GTF2B was dependent on the intergenic-5' untranslated region element of AIP and the initial residual S65 of GTF2B. In vitro and in vivo experiments indicated that GTF2B regulated AIP expression to impact the GHPA phenotype; this was confirmed by data from 33 GHPA cases.We determined the regulation by GTF2B of AIP transcription in GHPA and its impact on tumor phenotype. Our findings suggest that GTF2B may be a potential therapeutic target for GHPA with low AIP expression.
Heavy metal toxicity and mortality—association between density of heavy metal bands and cause specific hospital admissions and mortality: population based cohort study
Authors: Pekka Martikainen, Kaarina Korhonen, Lasse Tarkiainen
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Abstract Objective To assess the association between area level density of heavy metal bands and cause specific hospital admissions and mortality. Design Longitudinal register based cohort study. Setting 311 municipalities in Finland. Participants 3 644 944 people aged 15 to 70 residing in Finland at the end of 2001. Main outcome measures Hospital admission and mortality from all causes, internal causes, alcohol attributable causes, accidental injury and violence, suicide or self-harm, and mental health related causes. Appendicitis and toxic effects of metals were negative control outcomes. Results During 50.4 million person years of follow-up in 2002-17, 4 237 807 person years with hospital admissions were observed and 221 912 individuals died. Mortality in municipalities with a moderate density of heavy metal bands (&lt;5.7 per 10 000 inhabitants) was lower than in municipalities with no heavy metal bands. Hospital admission rates were lower in municipalities with heavy metal bands compared with those with none. These associations could be explained partly by differences in the sociodemographic characteristics of residents in these municipalities. After adjustment for individual characteristics and area level cultural and economic characteristics—proportion of the population with no religious affiliation, unemployment rate, and per capita expenditure on culture and education—large cities with a high density of heavy metal bands (8.2-11.2 per 10 000) showed a mortality advantage (hazard ratio 0.92, 95% confidence interval 0.88 to 0.96). In contrast, the association for hospital admission was fully attenuated (incidence rate ratio 0.99, 95% confidence interval 0.92 to 1.06). The cause specific analysis showed similar results, with the association most pronounced for alcohol attributable mortality (hazard ratio 0.83, 95% confidence interval 0.75 to 0.93 for cities with a high density of heavy metal bands) and alcohol attributable hospital admissions (incidence rate ratio 0.84, 95% confidence interval 0.74 to 0.97 for cities with a high density of heavy metal bands) in the fully adjusted models. No association with heavy metal band density was found for the analysis using appendicitis as a negative control outcome. Conclusions The study found no evidence for adverse health outcomes with increasing density of heavy metal bands. Cities with a high density of heavy metal bands showed slightly lower rates of mortality and of hospital admissions for alcohol related problems and self-harm. Although residual confounding remains a problem in observational studies, vibrant local heavy metal scenes—comparable to many other forms of cultural capital—might help to promote health through healthier lifestyles, better coping mechanisms, and a stronger sense of community.
The Recording and Reproduction of Cardiac and Respiratory Sounds
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Biologic and Clinical Efficacy of LentiGlobin for Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Julie Kanter, Mark C Walters, Lakshmanan Krishnamurti, Markus Y Mapara, Janet L Kwiatkowski, Stacey Rifkin-Zenenberg, Banu Aygun, Kimberly A Kasow, Francis J Pierciey, Melissa Bonner, Alex Miller, Xinyan Zhang, Jessie Lynch, Dennis Kim, Jean-Antoine Ribeil, Mohammed Asmal, Sunita Goyal, Alexis A Thompson, John F Tisdale
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

Sickle cell disease is characterized by the painful recurrence of vaso-occlusive events. Gene therapy with the use of LentiGlobin for sickle cell disease (bb1111; lovotibeglogene autotemcel) consists of autologous transplantation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells transduced with the BB305 lentiviral vector encoding a modified β-globin gene, which produces an antisickling hemoglobin, HbAT87Q.
Detection and analysis of cerebral aneurysms based on X-ray rotational angiography - the CADA 2020 challenge
Authors: Matthias Ivantsits, Leonid Goubergrits, Jan-Martin Kuhnigk, Markus Huellebrand, Jan Bruening, Tabea Kossen, Boris Pfahringer, Jens Schaller, Andreas Spuler, Titus Kuehne, Yizhuan Jia, Xuesong Li, Suprosanna Shit, Bjoern Menze, Ziyu Su, Jun Ma, Ziwei Nie, Kartik Jain, Yanfei Liu, Yi Lin, Anja Hennemuth
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2021)
The approximate number system represents rational numbers: The special case of an empty set
Authors: Michal Pinhas, Rut Zaks-Ohayon, Joseph Tzelgov
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2021)

Abstract We agree with Clarke and Beck that the approximate number system represents rational numbers, and we demonstrate our support by highlighting the case of the empty set – the non-symbolic manifestation of zero. It is particularly interesting because of its perceptual and semantic uniqueness, and its exploration reveals fundamental new insights about how numerical information is represented.
Effect of Care Coordination Using an Allied Health Liaison Officer for Chronic Noncomplex Medical Conditions in Children
Authors: Thuy Thanh Frakking, Hsien-Jin Teoh, Doug Shelton, Susan Moloney, Donna Ward, Kylie Annetts, Michael David, David Levitt, Anne B. Chang, Christopher Carty, Matthew Barber, Hannah E. Carter, Sharon Mickan, Kelly A. Weir, John Waugh
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2021)

There is a paucity of high-quality evidence on the effect of care coordination on health-related quality of life among children with chronic noncomplex medical conditions (non-CMCs).To examine whether care coordination delivered by an Allied Health Liaison Officer results in improved quality-of-life (QOL) outcomes for children with chronic non-CMCs and their families.This multicenter, open label, randomized clinical trial was conducted in pediatric outpatient clinics at 3 Australian hospitals with tertiary- and secondary-level pediatric care facilities. A total of 81 children with chronic non-CMCs and their families participated in the trial for a period of up to 12 months between October 2017 to October 2020. Primary care reviews were offered at 1 week, 3 months, and 6 months after diagnosis.Eligible children were randomized 1:1 to receive care coordination or standard care. Families of children receiving care coordination were provided access to an Allied Health Liaison Officer, who was responsible for facilitation of health care access across hospital, education, primary care, and community sectors.The primary outcomes were scores on the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), version 4.0, and the PedsQL Family Impact Module, version 2.0, measured at 6 and 12 months. An intent-to-treat approach was used to analyze the data.Of 81 children (mean [SD] age, 8.2 [3.5] years; 55 [67.9%] male), 42 (51.9%) were randomized to care coordination and 39 (48.1%) to standard care. Compared with standard care, care coordination resulted in greater improvements in overall PedsQL scores (difference in score changes between groups, 7.10; 95% CI, 0.44-13.76; P = .04), overall PedsQL Family Impact Module scores (difference in score changes between groups, 8.62; 95% CI, 1.07-16.16; P = .03), and family functioning QOL (difference in score changes between groups, 15.83; 95% CI, 5.05-26.62; P = .004) at 12 months after diagnosis.In this randomized clinical trial, care coordination improved the quality of life of children with chronic non-CMCs and their families. Further studies should explore specific non-CMCs that may benefit most from care coordination and whether an orientation among health services to provide such a coordination model could lead to longer-term improved clinical outcomes.http://anzctr.org.au Identifier: ACTRN12617001188325.