tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparative Health Care Spending for Dialysis: An Example of Public Cost Containment?
Authors: Sri Lekha Tummalapalli, Gerard F. Anderson
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2021)

The United States spends nearly twice as much per capita on health care than comparable industrialized nations.[1][1] Health care expenditures are the product of price s times utilization. It has long been recognized that prices, not utilization, is the main driver of high US health care spending.[2
Randomized Clinical Trials in the Era of Precision Oncology—The Role of End Points, Industry Funding, and Medical Writing Integrity
Authors: David J. Stewart, Paul Wheatley-Price
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Topical drug delivery: History, percutaneous absorption, and product development
Authors: Michael S. Roberts, Hanumanth S. Cheruvu, Sean E. Mangion, Azadeh Alinaghi, Heather A.E. Benson, Yousuf Mohammed, Amy Holmes, John van der Hoek, Michael Pastore, Jeffrey E. Grice
Journal: Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews (2021)
The impact of graphene oxide sheet lateral dimensions on their pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution profiles in mice
Authors: Dhifaf A. Jasim, Leon Newman, Artur Filipe Rodrigues, Isabella A. Vacchi, Matteo A. Lucherelli, Neus Lozano, Cécilia Ménard-Moyon, Alberto Bianco, Kostas Kostarelos
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2021)
Comment on: Transcriptomic analysis of CFTR-impaired endothelial cells reveals a pro-inflammatory phenotype
Authors: Fabrice Antigny, Hélène Le Ribeuz, Marc Humbert, David Montani
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2021)

<b>CFTR loss of function induces endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction. CFTR expression is reduced in pulmonary arterial ECs (PAECs) from patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Does CFTR loss of expression in PAECs contribute to PAH pathogenesis?</b>https://bit.ly/3icWfa3
Neutralization of SARS‐CoV‐2 requires antibodies against conformational receptor‐binding domain epitopes
Authors: Pia Gattinger, Katarzyna Niespodziana, Karin Stiasny, Sabina Sahanic, Inna Tulaeva, Kristina Borochova, Yulia Dorofeeva, Thomas Schlederer, Thomas Sonnweber, Gerhard Hofer, Renata Kiss, Bernhard Kratzer, Doris Trapin, Peter A. Tauber, Arno Rottal, Ulrike Körmöczi, Melanie Feichter, Milena Weber, Margarete Focke‐Tejkl, Judith Löffler‐Ragg, Bernhard Mühl, Anna Kropfmüller, Walter Keller, Frank Stolz, Rainer Henning, Ivan Tancevski, Elisabeth Puchhammer‐Stöckl, Winfried F. Pickl, Rudolf Valenta
Journal: Allergy (2021)

Abstract Background The determinants of successful humoral immune response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) are of critical importance for the design of effective vaccines and the evaluation of the degree of protective immunity conferred by exposure to the virus. As novel variants emerge, understanding their likelihood of suppression by population antibody repertoires has become increasingly important. Methods In this study, we analyzed the SARS‐CoV‐2 polyclonal antibody response in a large population of clinically well‐characterized patients after mild and severe COVID‐19 using a panel of microarrayed structurally folded and unfolded SARS‐CoV‐2 proteins, as well as sequential peptides, spanning the surface spike protein (S) and the receptor‐binding domain (RBD) of the virus. Results S‐ and RBD‐specific antibody responses were dominated by immunoglobulin G (IgG), mainly IgG 1 , and directed against structurally folded S and RBD and three distinct peptide epitopes in S2. The virus neutralization activity of patients´ sera was highly correlated with IgG antibodies specific for conformational but not sequential RBD epitopes and their ability to prevent RBD binding to its human receptor angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Twenty percent of patients selectively lacked RBD‐specific IgG. Only immunization with folded, but not with unfolded RBD, induced antibodies against conformational epitopes with high virus‐neutralizing activity. Conformational RBD epitopes required for protection do not seem to be altered in the currently emerging virus variants. Conclusion These results are fundamental for estimating the protective activity of antibody responses after natural infection or vaccination and for the design of vaccines, which can induce high levels of SARS‐CoV‐2–neutralizing antibodies conferring sterilizing immunity.
Targeting the Endothelin-A-receptor inhibits breast carcinoma growth in vivo
Authors: Pia Wülfing, Thorsten Persigehl, Martin Götte, Volker Meyer, Christian Wülfing, Christian Kersting, Barbara Sonntag, Ludwig Kiesel, Christoph Bremer
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

1520  Previous studies found overexpression of the Endothelin-A-receptor (ETAR) in breast cancer and demonstrated its potential significance as a target for breast cancer treatment. The objective of this study was to investigate new therapeutic options by selectively targeting the ETAR. The effect of the ETAR antagonist atrasentan (ABT-627, 10 mg/kg/d), alone or in combination with paclitaxel (20 mg/kg q4d), was compared with that of placebo in a MCF-7 xenografted nude mouse breast cancer model (animals: n=40). MCF-7 breast cancer cells had been verified to constitutively express ETAR mRNA and protein. To examine potentially underlying biological mechanisms of response or resistance to treatment, the xenograft tumors were analyzed by RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Atrasentan showed significant tumor growth inhibiton as compared to the control treatment arm (p=0.002). Of major interest, the strongest activity of atrasentan was observed within the first three weeks of treatment. At the initial evaluation of tumor size (d 7 of treatment), of all three treatment groups atrasentan showed the best therapeutic effects with a 41% reduced tumor growth as compared to controls. Thus, inhibition of ETAR early in mammary tumorigenesis may prevent tumor formation. However, at d22 of treatment the tumor size in one animal of the atrasentan group began to rise excessively while all other atrasentan treated tumors were well controlled. Analysis of this non-responder demonstrated a down-regulation of ETAR expression on the mRNA and protein level. Thus, resistance to atrasentan therapy in this animal can be attributed to the tumors low levels of target expression. When excluding this outlier, differences in mean tumor volumes between the atrasentan and control groups become even more apparent (p
Periodontitis and cardiometabolic disorders: The role of lipopolysaccharide and endotoxemia
Authors: Pirkko J. Pussinen, Elisa Kopra, Milla Pietiäinen, Markku Lehto, Svetislav Zaric, Susanna Paju, Aino Salminen
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2022)

Abstract Lipopolysaccharide is a virulence factor of gram‐negative bacteria with a crucial importance to the bacterial surface integrity. From the host's perspective, lipopolysaccharide plays a role in both local and systemic inflammation, activates both innate and adaptive immunity, and can trigger inflammation either directly (as a microbe‐associated molecular pattern) or indirectly (by inducing the generation of nonmicrobial, danger‐associated molecular patterns). Translocation of lipopolysaccharide into the circulation causes endotoxemia, which is typically measured as the biological activity of lipopolysaccharide to induce coagulation of an aqueous extract of blood cells of the assay. Apparently healthy subjects have a low circulating lipopolysaccharide activity, since it is neutralized and cleared rapidly. However, chronic endotoxemia is involved in the pathogenesis of many inflammation‐driven conditions, especially cardiometabolic disorders. These include atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, obesity, liver diseases, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome, where endotoxemia has been recognized as a risk factor. The main source of endotoxemia is thought to be the gut microbiota. However, the oral dysbiosis in periodontitis, which is typically enriched with gram‐negative bacterial species, may also contribute to endotoxemia. As endotoxemia is associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic disorders, lipopolysaccharide could be considered as a molecular link between periodontal microbiota and cardiometabolic diseases.
No Correlation between Anti-PF4 and Anti–SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccination
Authors: Günalp Uzun, Karina Althaus, Tamam Bakchoul
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

Pathogenic Antibodies in Patients with VITT Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia is caused by the induction of anti-PF4 polyanion antibodies in response to the vaccine. A survey of pa...
P28: The effects of COVID‐19 on undergraduate dermatology training: a qualitative study
Authors: F Ali
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2021)

profile led to dupilumab receiving European Medicines Agency approval without mandated laboratory monitoring.The increase may reflect clinicians' cautious approach in administering treatment to an atypical hospital-treated patient population, and may attenuate over time with increasing clinician confidence and disease control.Indeed, over a third of the healthcare resource use was linked to treatment administration, suggesting costs savings with homecare administration.
DS06: Contending with COVID‐19 in a Mohs micrographic surgery service
Authors: R Lapsley, S Fenwick, T Oliphant, D Jackson, E Edmiston, S Butt, M O'reilly, A Khalid, C Fleming
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2021)

has increased over the last 10 years, with more fellows completing UK-based fellowships.The average number of PAs allocated for MMS has also increased from 1Á84 to 2Á87.This study provides a valuable update to the 2011 national survey outcomes and serves as a benchmark of MMS practice for individual departments. DS05Two-thirds of patients may not require review after Mohs micrographic surgery
Tralokinumab: First Approval
Authors: Sean Duggan
Journal: Drugs (2021)

Tralokinumab (Adtralza®) is a human IgG4 monoclonal antibody being developed by LEO Pharma for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. The T-helper cytokine IL-13 is thought to play a key role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. Tralokinumab specifically binds with high affinity to IL-13, inhibiting its interaction with the IL-13 receptor and thereby neutralising the biological activity of the cytokine. Based on results from the ECZTRA 1-3 trials, tralokinumab has recently been approved in the EU for the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis in adult patients who are candidates for systemic therapy. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of tralokinumab leading to this first approval for atopic dermatitis.
2D antimonene-integrated composite nanomedicine for augmented low-temperature photonic tumor hyperthermia by reversing cell thermoresistance
Authors: Jianrong Wu, Xiaojun Cai, Gareth R. Williams, Zheying Meng, Weijuan Zou, Li Yao, Bing Hu, Yu Chen, Yuanyi Zheng
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)

The overexpression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in tumor cells can activate inherent defense mechanisms during hyperthermia-based treatments, inducing thermoresistance and thus diminishing the treatment efficacy. Here, we report a distinct "non-inhibitor involvement" strategy to address this issue through engineering a calcium-based nanocatalyst (G/A@CaCO3-PEG). The constructed nanocatalyst consists of calcium carbonate (CaCO3)-supported glucose oxidase (GOD) and 2D antimonene quantum dots (AQDs), with further surface modification by lipid bilayers and polyethylene glycol (PEG). The engineered G/A@CaCO3-PEG nanocatalyst features prolonged blood circulation, which is stable at neutral pH but rapidly degrades under mildly acidic tumor microenvironment, resulting in rapid release of drug cargo in the tumor microenvironment. The integrated GOD effectively catalyzes the depletion of glucose for reducing the supplies of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and subsequent down-regulation of HSP expression. This effect then augments the therapeutic efficacy of photothermal hyperthermia induced by 2D AQDs upon irradiation with near-infrared light as assisted by reversing the cancer cells' thermoresistance. Consequently, synergistic antineoplastic effects can be achieved via low-temperature photothermal therapy. Systematic in vitro and in vivo evaluations have demonstrated that G/A@CaCO3-PEG nanocatalysts feature potent antitumor activity with a high tumor-inhibition rate (83.92%). This work thus paves an effective way for augmenting the hyperthermia-based tumor treatments via restriction of the ATP supply.
Poster discussions
Authors: K. Ikeda, T. Ikeda, M. Sugi, N. Ishii, M. Mikoshiba, S. Nakajima, T. Hukuda, M. Hasue, V. Kvetan, H. Hino, G. Lu, R. J. Lis, H. Nagashima, E. G. McKeating, L. Mascia, D. F. Signorini, P. J. D. Andrews, S. Himmelseher, B. Stahl, E. Pfenninger, M. Georgieff, Ch. Kolbitsch, Ch. Hörmann, Ch. Schmidauer, A. Benzer
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1996)
ARMY PSYCHIATRY IN KOREA FOLLOWING THE CEASE FIRE AGREEMENT
Authors: GEORGE H. KLUMPNER, J. CARROLL SPANYER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1956)

Follow-up findings of 133 psychiatric patients evaluated between September 1953 and March 1954 from miscellaneous units surrounding the psychiatric section,3rd Infantry Division, reveal that 75% of patients not in the process of separation at the time of consultation functioned adequately or better after the consultation. Forty-four percent of the population had been separated from the service at the time of the follow-up. This was primarily due to patients referred from units outside the 3rd Division. Certification for administrative separations was utilized in almost all instances in which it was given. This population of 133 patients is compared with a previously published report of 149 patients from units within the 3rd Infantry Division. Follow-up results of these 282 patients are examined in terms of presenting complaint or reason for referral. Seventy-five percent of patients with subjective, psychogenic complaints functioned adequately or better when returned to duty after a single consultation.
Biliary organoids uncover delayed epithelial development and barrier function in biliary atresia
Authors: Surya P. Amarachintha, Reena Mourya, Hiroaki Ayabe, Li Yang, Zhenhua Luo, Xiaofeng Li, Unmesha Thanekar, Pranavkumar Shivakumar, Jorge A. Bezerra
Journal: Hepatology (2021)

Abstract Background and Aims Biliary atresia is a severe inflammatory and fibrosing cholangiopathy of neonates of unknown etiology. The onset of cholestasis at birth implies a prenatal onset of liver dysfunction. Our aim was to investigate the mechanisms linked to abnormal cholangiocyte development. Approach and Results We generated biliary organoids from liver biopsies of infants with biliary atresia and normal and diseased controls. Organoids emerged from biliary atresia livers and controls and grew as lumen‐containing spheres with an epithelial lining of cytokeratin‐19 pos albumin neg SOX17 neg cholangiocyte‐like cells. Spheres had similar gross morphology in all three groups and expressed cholangiocyte‐enriched genes. In biliary atresia, cholangiocyte‐like cells lacked a basal positioning of the nucleus, expressed fewer developmental and functional markers, and displayed misorientation of cilia. They aberrantly expressed F‐actin, β‐catenin, and Ezrin, had low signals for the tight junction protein zonula occludens‐1 (ZO‐1), and displayed increased permeability as evidenced by a higher Rhodamine‐123 (R123) signal inside organoids after verapamil treatment. Biliary atresia organoids had decreased expression of genes related to EGF signaling and FGF2 signaling. When treated with EGF+FGF2, biliary atresia organoids expressed differentiation (cytokeratin 7 and hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 homeobox B) and functional (somatostatin receptor 2, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator [CFTR], aquaporin 1) markers, restored polarity with improved localization of F‐actin, β‐catenin and ZO‐1, increased CFTR function, and decreased uptake of R123. Conclusions Organoids from biliary atresia are viable and have evidence of halted epithelial development. The induction of developmental markers, improved cell‐cell junction, and decreased epithelial permeability by EGF and FGF2 identifies potential strategies to promote epithelial maturation and function.
Deterministic transition of enterotypes shapes the infant gut microbiome at an early age
Authors: Liwen Xiao, Jinfeng Wang, Jiayong Zheng, Xiaoqing Li, Fangqing Zhao
Journal: Genome biology (2021)

Abstract Background The succession of the gut microbiota during the first few years plays a vital role in human development. We elucidate the characteristics and alternations of the infant gut microbiota to better understand the correlation between infant health and microbiota maturation. Results We collect 13,776 fecal samples or datasets from 1956 infants between 1 and 3 years of age, based on multi-population cohorts covering 17 countries. The characteristics of the gut microbiota are analyzed based on enterotype and an ecological model. Clinical information ( n = 2287) is integrated to understand outcomes of different developmental patterns. Infants whose gut microbiota are dominated by Firmicutes and Bifidobacterium exhibit typical characteristics of early developmental stages, such as unstable community structure and low microbiome maturation, while those driven by Bacteroides and Prevotella are characterized by higher diversity and stronger connections in the gut microbial community. We further reveal a geography-related pattern in global populations. Through ecological modeling and functional analysis, we demonstrate that the transition of the gut microbiota from infants towards adults follows a deterministic pattern; as infants grow up, the dominance of Firmicutes and Bifidobacterium is replaced by that of Bacteroides and Prevotella , along with shifts in specific metabolic pathways. Conclusions By leveraging the extremely large datasets and enterotype-based microbiome analysis, we decipher the colonization and transition of the gut microbiota in infants from a new perspective. We further introduce an ecological model to estimate the tendency of enterotype transitions, and demonstrated that the transition of infant gut microbiota was deterministic and predictable.
Aducanumab, amyloid, and culture wars
Authors: Steve Iliffe, Jill Manthorpe
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Those who thought that the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) was a conservative regulator which maintained a high bar have been shocked by its approval of the anti-amyloid antibody aducanumab.

There is precedent. Former president Donald Trump championed hydroxychloroquine as a preventative against covid-19. There were no data to suggest that it worked, but under pressure the FDA gave an emergency use authorisation, only to withdraw …
Hepatitis C virus in sub-Saharan Africa: a long road to elimination
Authors: Rajiv Shah, Adwoah Agyei-Nkansah, Francis Alikah, Lucy Asamoah-Akuoko, Yorou Chabi Orou Bagou, Abdirahman Dhiblawe, Deborah Ehichioya, Peter John Finch, Leolin Katsidzira, Nicolas Kodjoh, Raimi Aboudou Kpossou, Sulaiman Lakoh, Jean Damascene Makuza, Lucy Marowa, Dennis Amajuoyi Ndububa, Charles Nlombi Mbendi, Mulinda Nyirenda, Ponsiano Ocama, Christopher K Opio, Emmanuel Seremba, Tony Akilimali Shindano, Emma C Thomson
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2021)
27143 Cryotherapy as an adjuvant in the treatment with vismodegib for local advanced nonsurgical basal cell carcinoma: A report of 8 cases
Authors: David A. Castillo Molina, Jesus D. Fierro Lozada, Ana María García C, Manuela A. Molano Pérez, Melissa Cantillo Avilez, Laura Guerrero-Roncancio, Sara Muñoz-Ordoñez, Isabella Campo Slebi, Nelson José Alvis-Zakzuk, David E. Castillo Saavedra, Diego M. Martinez Zuñiga
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2021)
A randomized multicenter trial on a lung ultrasound–guided treatment strategy in patients on chronic hemodialysis with high cardiovascular risk
Authors: Carmine Zoccali, Claudia Torino, Francesca Mallamaci, Pantelis Sarafidis, Aikaterini Papagianni, Robert Ekart, Radovan Hojs, Marian Klinger, Krzysztof Letachowicz, Danilo Fliser, Sarah Seiler-Mußler, Fabio Lizzi, Andrzej Wiecek, Agata Miskiewicz, Kostas Siamopoulos, Olga Balafa, Itzchak Slotki, Linda Shavit, Aristeidis Stavroulopoulos, Adrian Covic, Dimitrie Siriopol, Ziad A. Massy, Alexandre Seidowsky, Yuri Battaglia, Alberto Martinez-Castelao, Carolina Polo-Torcal, Marie-Jeanne Coudert-Krier, Patrick Rossignol, Enrico Fiaccadori, Giuseppe Regolisti, Thierry Hannedouche, Thomas Bachelet, Kitty J. Jager, Friedo W. Dekker, Rocco Tripepi, Giovanni Tripepi, Luna Gargani, Rosa Sicari, Eugenio Picano, Gérard Michel London
Journal: Kidney International (2021)