tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Regulation of fibrillar collagen types I and III and basement membrane type IV collagen gene expression in pressure overloaded rat myocardium.
Authors: DChapman, K TWeber, MEghbali
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

Left ventricular hypertrophy is based on cardiac myocyte growth. The hypertrophic process can be considered heterogeneous based on whether it also includes a remodeling and accumulation of fibrillar types I and III collagens that are responsible for impaired myocardial stiffness. In the heart, the messenger RNA (mRNA) for fibrillar collagen types I and III has been detected only in cardiac fibroblasts, whereas mRNA for basement membrane collagen type IV is present in both fibroblasts and myocytes. We studied the early and long-term expression of these collagenous proteins in rat myocardium after abdominal aortic banding with renal ischemia. Complementary DNA probes for rat pro-alpha 2 (I), mouse type III and mouse type IV collagens, and chicken beta-actin were used. Northern and dot blot analysis on total RNA extracted from left ventricular tissue indicated a sixfold increase in steady-state levels of mRNA for collagen type I on day 3 of abdominal aortic banding, which had declined to control levels by da...
77TiP From liquid biopsy to cure: Using CtDNA detection of minimal residual disease to identify patients for curative therapy after non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) resection
Authors: D.C. Kelly, L.W. le, J. Law, T. Stockley, T. Waddell, S. Bratman, N. Leighl
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Cross sectional longitudinal study of spot morning urine protein:creatinine ratio, 24 hour urine protein excretion rate, glomerular filtration rate, and end stage renal failure in chronic renal disease in patients without diabetes
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Objective: To evaluate whether the protein:creatinine ratio in spot morning urine samples is a reliable indicator of 24 hour urinary protein excretion and predicts the rate of decline of glomerular filtration rate and progression to end stage renal failure in non-diabetic patients with chronic nephropathy.Design: Cross sectional correlation between the ratio and urinary protein excretion rate.Univariate and multivariate analysis of baseline predictors, including the ratio and 24 hour urinary protein, of decline in glomerular filtration rate and end stage renal failure in the long term.Setting: Research centre in Italy.
Local coronary supersensitivity to diverse vasoconstrictive stimuli in patients with variant angina.
Authors: J CKaski, FCrea, DMeran, LRodriguez, LAraujo, SChierchia, GDavies, AMaseri
Journal: Circulation (1986)

It has been shown in different groups of patients with variant angina that coronary spasm can be reproduced by physiologic maneuvers and pharmacologic agents. It is not known, however, to what extent different stimuli can induce spasm in the same patient. To investigate whether coronary arterial spasm results from specific abnormal agonist-receptor interactions or from a local nonspecific coronary supersensitivity to different stimuli, 28 patients with vasospastic angina were submitted to a series of diverse vasoconstrictive stimuli known to provoke coronary spasm. Ergonovine, hyperventilation, handgrip, cold pressor, and exercise-tests, were carried out in all 28 patients. In the last 15 patients histamine was also administered. Spasm was provoked by ergonovine in 96% of patients, by hyperventilation in 54%, by histamine in 47%, by exercise in 46%, and by the cold pressor and handgrip tests in 11% and 7%, respectively. No significant differences were found in the responses to provocative tests of patient...
Carfilzomib in Addition to Standard Cyclosporine/Methotrexate Combination Effectively Prevents Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation from Unrelated Donors
Authors: Avichai Shimoni, Noga Shem-Tov, Ivetta Danilesko, Arie Apel, Ronit Yerushalmi, Arnon Nagler
Journal: Blood (2017)
Effects of myocardial alpha 1-adrenergic receptor stimulation and blockade on contractility in humans.
Authors: J SLandzberg, J DParker, D FGauthier, W SColucci
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDAlthough alpha-adrenergic receptors are present in both normal and failing human left ventricular myocardium and mediate a positive inotropic effect in several other species, it is not known whether stimulation of myocardial alpha-adrenergic receptors exerts a positive inotropic effect or contributes to basal contractile state in vivo in humans.METHODS AND RESULTSWe studied 15 patients with angiographically normal coronary arteries (seven with normal left ventricular function and eight with left ventricular failure). To avoid the confounding effects of changes in ventricular loading conditions and systemic reflex mechanisms, the alpha-adrenergic receptor-selective antagonist phentolamine and agonist phenylephrine were infused directly into the left main coronary artery, and the change in contractile state was assessed by measuring left ventricular peak (+)dP/dt. Phentolamine alone had no effect on left ventricular contractility. Phenylephrine exerted a concentration-related positive inotropic ef...
Contractile properties and Ca2+ release activity of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in dilated cardiomyopathy.
Authors: AD'Agnolo, G BLuciani, AMazzucco, VGallucci, GSalviati
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDWe performed a comparative study on Ca2+ release activity of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and calcium sensitivity of contractile apparatus of chemically skinned myocardial fibers obtained from four nonfailing human hearts and 13 excised hearts from patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy.METHODS AND RESULTSCa2+ sensitivity of contractile apparatus was studied by following the isometric tension developed by chemically skinned myocardial fibers challenged with solutions of decreasing pCa. Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum was monitored indirectly by measurement of the isometric tension developed by skinned fibers challenged with caffeine. We observed no significant difference of Ca2+ sensitivity and cooperativity between normal myocardium (pCa50 = 6.00 +/- 0.05; Hill coefficient, nHill = 2.07 +/- 0.10) and dilated cardiomyopathy (pCa50 = 6.03 +/- 0.07; nHill = 2.72 +/- 0.30) when the fibers were stretched to 130% of the resting length. We also found that both in normal myocardium and ...
Absence of left ventricular dysfunction during acute chagasic myocarditis in the rhesus monkey.
Authors: J ALima, ASzarfman, S DLima, R JAdams, R JRussell, ACheever, TTrischmann, J LWeiss
Journal: Circulation (1986)

Recent studies suggest that intracellular Trypanosoma cruzi invasion with release of intracellular myocardial antigens during T. cruzi infection is crucial to the pathogenesis of chronic chagasic myocarditis. However, in areas endemic for Chagas' disease, the incidence of clinical acute chagasic myocarditis has been reported to be low among infected individuals, while the incidence of chronic chagasic myocarditis is relatively high. Thus, either acute chagasic myocarditis rarely complicates T. cruzi infection and is not important to the pathogenesis of chronic chagasic myocarditis, or acute chagasic myocarditis rarely impairs left ventricular function and therefore causes no symptoms. To investigate this question we innoculated T. cruzi from a human patient with Chagas' disease into the subconjuntivae of six rhesus monkeys (7.5 X 10(3) parasites each). Parasitemia was monitored and weekly two-dimensional echocardiograms (for determination of end-diastolic and fractional change in area, EDA and FCA) were o...
The TLNO/TLCO ratio in pulmonary function test interpretation
Authors: Colin Borland
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

To the Editor :

Hughes and van der Lee [1] provide an excellent review of transfer factor of the lung for nitric oxide ( T LNO)/transfer factor of the lung for carbon monoxide ( T LCO) and highlight this ratio as a new lung function test in its own right. Perhaps we “ T LNO enthusiasts” have overplayed T LNO as a route to D M (membrane diffusing capacity) and to Vc (lung capillary volume) over the past three decades rather than thinking of it as a part of this ratio. Hughes and van der …
Termination of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia with a single oral dose of diltiazem and propranolol.
Authors: S JYeh, F CLin, Y YChou, J SHung, DWu
Journal: Circulation (1985)

The efficacy of a single oral dose combination of 120 mg diltiazem and 160 mg propranolol in terminating paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) was evaluated in 15 patients. All 15 patients underwent electrical induction of PSVT that lasted longer than 15 min, and all underwent randomized crossover placebo and diltiazem and propranolol studies on 2 consecutive days. On each day PSVT was induced and placebo or diltiazem and propranolol was administered 15 min later. Electrical conversion of PSVT was performed when severe symptoms occurred or at the end of 240 min. With placebo PSVT lasted 164 +/- 89 (mean +/- SD) min; four patients had spontaneous conversion. With diltiazem and propranolol PSVT lasted 39 +/- 49 min (p less than .001); 14 patients had spontaneous conversion in an average of 27 +/- 15 min. None of the 14 patients had electrical reinduction of sustained PSVT after conversion. The sinus nodal recovery time during spontaneous or electrical conversion of PSVT was 911 +/- 459 msec with pl...
Heterogeneity of red blood cell perfusion in capillary networks supplied by a single arteriole in resting skeletal muscle.
Authors: C GEllis, S MWrigley, A CGroom
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

Flow heterogeneity within capillary beds may have two sources: (1) unequal distribution of red blood cell (RBC) supply among arterioles and (2) unique properties of RBC flow in branching networks of capillaries. Our aim was to investigate the capillary network as a source of both spatial and temporal heterogeneity of RBC flow. Five networks, each supplied by a single arteriole, were studied in frog sartorius muscle (one network per frog) by intravital video microscopy. Simultaneous data on RBC velocity (millimeters per second), lineal density (RBCs per millimeter), and supply rate (RBCs per second) were measured continuously (10 samples per second) from video recordings in 5 to 10 capillary segments per network for 10 minutes by use of automated computer analysis. To quantify heterogeneity, mean values from successive 10-second intervals were tabulated for each flow parameter in each capillary segment (ie, portion of capillary between successive bifurcations), and percent coefficient of variation (SD/mean...
Entrainment and interruption of atrial flutter with atrial pacing: studies in man following open heart surgery.
Authors: A LWaldo, W AMacLean, R BKarp, N TKouchoukos, T NJames
Journal: Circulation (1977)

To examine the question of why the pacing rate and duration of atrial pacing are crucial factors in the successful interruption of atrial flutter, studies were performed on 30 patients in the period following open heart surgery. In each patient the diagnosis of atrial flutter was made using a pair of wire electrodes placed on the right atrial epicardium at the time of operation and brought out through the anterior chest wall. The same electrodes were used for atrial pacing. Pacing faster than the spontaneous rate of the atrial flutter which failed to interrupt the atrial flutter was associated with transient entrainment of the atrial flutter up to the atrial pacing rate. Atrial flutter was interrupted successfully when the atria were paced at a rate which was too fast for the atrial flutter to follow. This was heralded by the conversion of previously negative flutter waves to positive atrial complexes in ECG lead II. When pacing the atria at a constant rate, 2-22 seconds with a mean of 10 seconds were req...
Release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor from freshly harvested porcine endothelial cells.
Authors: AHartmann, MSaeed, R JBing
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

Vascular relaxation in rabbit aortic preparations induced by acetylcholine is endothelium-dependent. The nature of the endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) has not been ascertained because it is very labile (reported half-life 6-50 seconds). To obtain a stable source of EDRF, a system was developed in which the relaxing factor was continuously produced by freshly harvested porcine endothelial cells. Endothelial cells were collected from aortas by exposing the endothelial lining to collagenase 0.1%. Cells were washed and concentrated by repeated centrifugation to obtain a high cell count (7.2 X 10(6) cells/ml). Endothelium-deprived aortic strips from rabbits were incubated in these cells suspended in tissue culture medium and fetal calf serum. The strips were precontracted with histamine. Acetylcholine was added to induce EDRF release. Significant relaxation of endothelium-deprived aortic strips was observed. Superoxide dismutase, an enzyme known to protect EDRF against inactivation, caused further r...
Effects of propranolol on atherogenesis in the cholesterol-fed rabbit.
Authors: A VChobanian, PBrecher, CChan
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

These studies have examined the effects of dl-propranolol, d-propranolol, and metoprolol on aortic atherogenesis in the cholesterol-fed rabbit and have correlated the vascular effects of the drugs with their influence on blood pressure, plasma lipids and lipoproteins, arterial metabolism, and arterial permeability. dl-Propranolol, and, to a lesser extent, d-propranolol, used in clinically relevant doses of 5 mg/kg body weight per day, inhibited the development of aortic atherosclerosis in association with significant reductions in aortic free and esterified cholesterol content. No significant effects of the drugs on blood pressure or on the total amounts or types of circulating lipoproteins were apparent. Accumulation of cholesterol in the liver and adrenal gland was not influenced by propranolol. Aortic acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase and lysosomal enzyme activities were reduced by propranolol administration, but the inhibition may have been secondary to the lesser degrees of atherosclerosis and cho...
Regional left ventricular mechanics in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Authors: SBetocchi, O MHess, M ALosi, HNonogi, H PKrayenbuehl
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDNonuniformity is a determinant of diastolic function. In patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, hypertrophy, abnormal calcium handling, and regional ischemia can also play a role. This study was designed to assess regional mechanics, asynchrony, and asynergy in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.METHODS AND RESULTSNine control subjects and 22 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy were studied by biplane left ventriculography and high-fidelity pressure tracings for the assessment of diastolic function by computing the time constant of isovolumic relaxation, peak filling rate, and the constant of passive chamber stiffness. Regional mechanics were evaluated by dividing the left ventricle into six sectors in the right and left anterior oblique projections. Systolic and diastolic asynchrony were assessed from the coefficient of variation of the regional time intervals from end diastole to end systole and to peak filling rate, respectively. Asynergy was evaluated from the coefficient of...
Abstract 14423: Agreement Among Four Methods for Identifying Patients With Familial Hypercholesterolemia in a Large Healthcare System
Authors: Michael P Dorsch, Corey Lester, Katie Mues, Yuting Ding, Keri L Monda, J Antonio G Lopez, Megan Joseph, Robert Brook
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: The diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) can be difficult even with the availability of genetic testing. Several practical methods exist to phenotype the disease within the...
THE RÔLE OF THE SOLUBLE SPECIFIC SUBSTANCE IN ORAL IMMUNIZATION AGAINST PNEUMOCOCCUS TYPE I
Authors: Victor Ross
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1931)

1. When the soluble specific substance of Type II pneumococcus was fed to rats, little or no increased resistance to the organism was obtained. 2. When the specific substance of Type III pneumococcus was fed, an increased resistance to the virulent organism resulted. The percentage of animals protected is smaller than when the whole or the dissolved cell is fed. 3. When the specific polysaccharide of Type I was fed, no immunity against Type II or III was obtained, and the ingestion of the specific substances of Types II and III did not protect rats against the Type I organism.
Response to Comments on: Rowan et al. Metformin in Gestational Diabetes: The Offspring Follow-Up (MiG TOFU): Body Composition at 2 Years of Age. Diabetes Care 2011;34:2279–2284
Authors: Janet A. Rowan, Elaine C. Rush, Victor Obolonkin, Malcolm Battin, Trecia Wouldes, William M. Hague
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

Barbour et al. (1) have advised caution about overinterpretation of the Metformin in Gestational diabetes: The Offspring Follow-Up (MiG TOFU) study findings. The aim of our article was to present a biologically plausible explanation for the differences we found in our study; we were concerned not to overinterpret our findings. Ongoing follow-up of these children with appropriate studies is vital to see if differences persist and if they are clinically relevant.

Barbour et al. comment that 46% of women treated with metformin had supplemental insulin, which we had expected in our population (2). Metformin was continued in these women, and the fetus was still exposed. If supplemental insulin has any effect, this would presumably reduce the …
Cardiac effects of acute ethanol ingestion unmasked by autonomic blockade.
Authors: J SChild, R BKovick, J ALevisman, M LPearce
Journal: Circulation (1979)

We assessed the effects of ethanol and autonomic blockade on left ventricular function in nine normal subjects, age 20--35 years, using M-mode echocardiography and systolic time intervals. On day 1, measurements were made of heart rate, mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening, and left ventricular pre-ejection period and left ventricular ejection time ratio (PEP/LVET), during a control period and after autonomic blockade. Autonomic blockade was produced with intravenous propranolol (0.2 mg/kg body weight) and atropine (0.04 mg/kg body weight). On day two, measurements were again made during a control period, then with ethanol alone, followed by addition of autonomic blockade to ethanol. One hundred eighty milliliters of ethanol were ingested over 60 minutes, resulting in a mean blood ethanol level of 110 mg/dl (range 77--135 mg/dl) at 60 minutes post-ingestion. There were no significant differences between the control data on days 1 and 2. Blood pressure was unchanged throughout the study. study...
Determinants of severity of coronary artery disease in Australian men and women.
Authors: X LWang, CTam, R MMcCredie, D EWilcken
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDFactors predicting the occurrence of premature coronary artery disease (CAD) may not be quantitatively the same as those predicting CAD severity, particularly in women, in whom there have been few studies.METHODS AND RESULTSTo determine factors predictive of severity of CAD and of angina pectoris, we documented atherogenic variables and the extent of CAD at angiography in 594 consecutively studied men and women aged 65 years or less. Severity was assessed from the number of involved major coronary arteries with significant (> 50%) luminal obstructions and from a coronary disease severity score. We related severity to quantitative and categorical atherogenic variables and assessed severity of angina (no angina, stable angina, or unstable angina) at the time of study in the same way. There were eight variables independently predictive of severity: in descending order of relative importance, male gender, diabetes, smoking dose, ratio of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/...
Vasodilator administration in the presence of beta-adrenergic blockade.
Authors: W JMroczek, W RLee, M EDavidov, F AFinnerty
Journal: Circulation (1976)

To explore the possibility that the presence of propranolol-induced beta-adrenergic blockade might have an adverse effect upon homeostatic circulatory reflexes activated by the administration of a potent vasodilator agent, arterial blood pressure and pulse rate response to rapid intravenous diazoxide injection was monitored before and after pretreatment with propranolol in ten hypertensive patients. It appeared that beta-adrenergic blockade had no clinically significant effect on the magnitude of hypotension or the degree of heart rate acceleration induced by the administration of the potent vasodilator diazoxide. This reflex vasodilator-induced cardio-acceleration after propranolol adminstration could be the result of incomplete blockade of endogenously released neurotransmitter, inhibition of the parasympathetic nervous system, or a direct pharmacologic action of diazoxide. Diazoxide administration to hypertensive patients in the presence of beta-adrenergic blockade was not associated with any clinicall...
Regulation of angiotensin II in rat adrenal gland.
Authors: AHusain, PDeSilva, R CSpeth, F MBumpus
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

Levels of angiotensin II immunoreactivity in the rat adrenal gland are over one hundredfold higher than those in plasma. It is unclear, however, whether the major source of adrenal angiotensin II immunoreactivity is intracellular synthesis by a local renin-angiotensin system, uptake by angiotensin II receptors, or both. Our studies show that angiotensin II immunoreactivity in the adrenal gland is predominantly attributable to angiotensin II (greater than 75%). Angiotensin III (16%) and other angiotensin II fragments are also present. The majority of angiotensin II immunoreactivity (73%), renin activity (73%), and angiotensin II receptor binding activity (66%) in the adrenal gland is located in the capsular glomerulosa cell layers. Dehydration produced by 2% NaCl imbibition decreased these activities in the capsular-glomerulosa. In the fasciculata-medullary regions of the adrenal gland, dehydration decreased renin activity but not angiotensin II immunoreactivity or angiotensin II receptor binding activity....
Cardiolipin-protein complexes and initiation of complement activation after coronary artery occlusion.
Authors: R DRossen, L HMichael, H KHawkins, KYouker, W JDreyer, R EBaughn, M LEntman
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

Specific rabbit anti-cardiolipin (anti-CL) antibodies were used to investigate the hypothesis that cardiolipin, associated with mitochondrial membrane proteins, binds C1 and facilitates activation of the complement cascade following reperfusion of ischemic myocardium. By immunoelectron microscopy, anti-CL localized to subsarcolemmal mitochondria, emerging through breaks in membranes of damaged cardiac myocytes. Anti-CL reacted with > 15 mitochondrial constituents, most of which comigrated with the proteins that bind C1q in transblots of subsarcolemmal mitochondria, fractionated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under reducing conditions in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. A subset of the C1q-binding proteins > 24 to 37 kDa served as stable sites for assembly of C3, C5, and C9. Cardiac lymph, collected during the first hour after reperfusion of ischemic myocardium, contained proteins of diverse size that reacted with both anti-CL and C1q. Cardiac lymph, collected before occlusion and 4 to 5 hour...