tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Limitations of tracer oxygen uptake in the canine coronary circulation.
Authors: C PRose, C AGoresky
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

Theoretical models of oxygen transport in the myocardium have failed to account for low average tissue pO2 relative to to coronary sinus pO2, measured with pO2 electrodes and myoglobin saturation, and for hypoxic contractile failure at relatively high coronary sinus pO2 levels. These findings could be explained by either arteriovenous diffusional shunting or a limiting rate of transfer of oxygen from blood to tissue, or both. To gain new insights, we performed multiple indicator dilution tracer experiments across the coronary circulation in the dog, with 18O2 as the oxygen tracer and 51Cr-labeled red cells as the reference tracer for oxygen. 125I-Albumin and 22Na+ were included to provide the relative plasma flow rate. The tracer oxygen outflow curve consisted of a large early peak related to its reference red cell curve. No tracer emerged before the labeled red cells. The downslope, which contains the returning component of the tracer curve, decreased less steeply when oxygen consumption was reduced by p...
Prevention of arterial reocclusion after thrombolysis with activated protein C. Comparison with heparin in a canine model of coronary artery thrombosis.
Authors: TSakamoto, HOgawa, HYasue, YOda, SKitajima, KTsumoto, HMizokami
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDReocclusion of recanalized coronary arteries often limits the efficacy of coronary thrombolytic therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Activated protein C (APC) is an important regulatory enzyme in hemostasis. In view of the potential of human APC as an anticoagulant and profibrinolytic agent, the effect of APC on thrombolysis with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rTPA) was studied in a canine model of coronary artery thrombosis.METHODS AND RESULTSContinuous artery flow monitoring in the left anterior descending coronary artery of 30 anesthetized adult beagles was performed by a magnetic flowmeter. Localized thrombosis was produced in the left anterior descending coronary artery and administration of rTPA (alteplase, 0.45 mg/kg IV) was done for 30 minutes. The dogs were randomly assigned to receive one of the following intravenous adjunctive therapies: (1) control group (n = 10): human albumin at a rate of 0.83 mL/min; (2) APC group (n = 10): human plasma-derived APC...
A mathematical model of the dynamic geometry of the intact left ventricle and its application to clinical data.
Authors: J GDumesnil, R MShoucri, J LLaurenceau, JTurcot
Journal: Circulation (1979)

In this paper we examine the relations that may exist between the geometric variables most frequently used to describe left ventricular contraction. The left ventricle is represented by a thick-walled cylinder contracting both radially and longitudinally. For this model, wall thickening, mid-wall radius shortening and longitudinal axis shorteining can be shown to be uniquely related during contraction, whereas it can be demonstrated that internal radius shortening is not uniquely related to these variables, but is also determined by the specific geometry of the cylinder, expressed in terms of the mid-wall radius-to-wall thickness (R/h) ratio of the cylinder. Detailed analysis of the same variables in 44 normal subjects, 32 patients with aortic stenosis and 54 patients with valvular regurgitation (33 aortic and 21 mitral), strongly suggests that the same relations are also clinically applicable. For instance, ventricular longitudinal axis shortening can be estimated with some accuracy from the standard M-m...
Echocardiographic predictors of nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation. The Framingham Heart Study.
Authors: S MVaziri, M GLarson, E JBenjamin, DLevy
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDAlthough structural heart disease is often present in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation, the echocardiographic precursors of atrial fibrillation have not been reported previously. In this elderly, population-based cohort, our objective was to examine prospectively the echocardiographic predictors of nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation.METHODS AND RESULTSSubjects in the Framingham Heart Study were routinely evaluated with M-mode echocardiography; 1924 subjects, ranging in age from 59 to 90 years, comprised the population at risk. Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to analyze the association of selected echocardiographic features with atrial fibrillation risk after adjustment for age, sex, hypertension, coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure, diabetes, and valvular heart disease. During a mean follow-up interval of 7.2 years, 154 subjects (8.0%) developed atrial fibrillation. Multivariable stepwise analysis identified left atrial size (hazard ratio [HR] per 5-mm increme...
Enhanced renal prostaglandin production in the dog. II. Effects on intrarenal hemodynamics.
Authors: L CChang, J ASplawinski, J AOates, A SNies
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

The effects of enhanced endogenous production of prostaglandins by the kidney on the distribution of blood flow in the renal cortex were assessed by infusing sodium arachidonate, the precursor of the renal prostaglandins, into one renal artery of the dog. The changes produced with arachidonate (3 times 10--6 g/kg min-1 and 10--5 g/kg min--1) were compared with those produced by infusions of prostaglandin (PG) E2 (10--7 g/kg min--1) and PGF2alpha (3 times 10--7 g/kg min--1) into one renal artery. Distribution of renal blood flow was measured by the radioactive microsphere technique. Sodium arachidonate caused an increase in blood flow to the inner cortical zones with no change in flow to the nephrons in the outermost quarter of the cortex. PGE2 increased flow to all cortical zones, and PGF2alpha produced no change in flow. Since arterial blood pressure did not change, changes in vascular resistance were reciprocal to changes in flow. Thus, vascular resistance fell in the inner cortical regions but not in t...
Na,K-ATPase in isolated nephron segments in rats with experimental heart failure.
Authors: HWald, PScherzer, M MPopovtzer
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

To characterize renal transport of Na+ in heart failure, urinary Na+ excretion (UNaV), aldosterone levels, and Na,K-ATPase activity in isolated nephron segments were determined in three groups: control rats, rats with heart failure and moderate sodium retention, and rats with heart failure and severe sodium retention. Heart failure was induced by a fistula between the aorta and vena cava. For the control group, UNaV was 0.66 +/- 0.04 (mean +/- SEM) mueq/min, and aldosterone was 18.4 +/- 3.5 ng%. Na,K-ATPase activity (in 10(-11) mol/mm/min) was 28.4 +/- 1.1 in the proximal convoluted tubule, 23.3 +/- 1.0 in the proximal straight tubule, 37.4 +/- 1.9 in the medullary thick ascending limb, 40.2 +/- 1.9 in the cortical thick ascending limb, 43.2 +/- 2.2 in the distal convoluted tubule, and 20.5 +/- 0.9 in the cortical collecting duct. For the group with moderate heart failure, UNaV was 0.35 +/- 0.02 (p less than 0.001 versus control), and aldosterone was 15.9 +/- 4.4 (p = NS versus control). Na,K-ATPase activ...
An ultrastructural basis for electrocardiographic alterations associated with Duchenne's progressive muscular dystrophy.
Authors: S KSanyal, W WJohnson, M KThapar, S EPitner
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Electrocardiographic abnormalities were identified in 63 (84%) of 75 patients with Duchenne's progressive muscular dystrophy. A tall R wave over V1 with an abnormal R/S ratio was seen in 64% of the patients, a deep and narrow Q wave greater than 4 mm over leads I, V5, and V6 in 44%, sinus tachycardia in 32% and right axis deviation in 16%. Other ECG abnormalities included an abnormal PV1 index in 14% of patients and a short P-R interval in 6%. Ultrastructural characteristics of the heart were determined for two patients with characteristic electrocardiographic abnormalities. Common to both hearts was a total loss of thick as well as thin myofilaments, which gave a moth-eaten appearance to the myofiber. This feature, combined with preservation of the transverse tubular system, formed the most characteristic ultrastructural finding and was seen most consistently in the posterobasal area of the left ventricle. Alterations of Z-band material; accumulation of mitochondria, occasionally containing electron-de...
From the authors
Authors: M. A. Kolodziej, L. Jensen, B. Rowe, D. Sin
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2008)

From the authors:

M.A. Puhan raises several issues that are frequently used to argue against the use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). First, he implicitly equates hormone replacement (HRT) and celecoxib therapies with the use of ICS in COPD. This is neither fair nor justified based on the existing literature. Unlike these drugs, ICS have been vigorously evaluated through many large randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Over the past 20 yrs, clinical trials involving >7,000 patients (and 17,000 person-yrs of observation) have unequivocally demonstrated the benefits of ICS therapy in ameliorating symptoms, reducing exacerbations and improving health status in COPD 1, 2. In combination with long-acting …
Norepinephrine-induced human platelet activation in vivo is only partly counteracted by aspirin.
Authors: P TLarsson, N HWallén, PHjemdahl
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDEpinephrine and mental stress may, via platelet stimulation, enhance the risk of thrombus formation. Norepinephrine is more likely than epinephrine to activate platelets in vivo because of higher levels in plasma but is less well studied in this respect. The antiplatelet drug of choice for patients with coronary artery disease, aspirin, may be less effective during sympathoadrenal activation. We therefore investigated platelet responses in vivo to exogenous norepinephrine with and without aspirin pretreatment.METHODS AND RESULTSPlatelet aggregability in vivo was assessed in 11 healthy male subjects, by filtragometry ex vivo (which reflects platelet aggregability in vivo) and by measurements of plasma beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG, which reflects platelet secretion). Norepinephrine infusions elevated venous plasma norepinephrine from 1.5 to 4 and 15 nmol/L, respectively, and enhanced platelet aggregability (filtragometry) concentration dependently (P < .001). Platelet secretion (beta-TG levels) i...
Use of Purastat in Management of Gastro-Intestinal Bleeding: Our Experience
Authors: O Labianca, M Sica, C Zulli, A Maurano
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Many possible causes of bleeding from upper and lower gastro-intestinal (GI) tract, are burdened by significant morbidity and mortality. Lately innovative topical hemostatic agents have been developed for endoscopic use. The aim of report is demonstrate efficacy and safety of PuraStat, a new absorbable hemostatic, to control, alone or in association with a second hemostatic technique, an active GI bleeding.
Risk Factors For A Successful EUS-Guided Hepaticogastrostomy Using A Pre-Established Endoscopic Protocol
Authors: E Perez-Cuadrado Rpbles, H Benosman, G Perrod, E Coffin, C Gallois, E Ragot, C Cellier, G Rahmi
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided hepaticogastrostomy is a challenging alternative to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). However, there is no consensus on how to perform the technique to decrease morbidity and mortality. To assess the risk factors to success or complications using a pre-established protocol.
Results from Ongoing Phase 1/2 Trial of SL-401 As Consolidation Therapy in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) in Remission with Minimal Residual Disease (MRD)
Authors: Andrew A. Lane, Kendra L. Sweet, Eunice S. Wang, William Donnellan, Roland B. Walter, Ioannis Mantzaris, Michael B. Maris, Dale L. Bixby, David A. Rizzieri, Stefan Faderl, Madlen Malinowski, Naveen Pemmaraju, Halyna Wysowskyj, Shay Shemesh, Janice Chen, Ross Lindsay, Christopher Brooks, Trishna Goswami, Richard M. Stone, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Elias J. Jabbour, Marina Konopleva
Journal: Blood (2017)
Electrotonic influences on action potentials from isolated ventricular cells.
Authors: R CTan, R WJoyner
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

This work combines a theoretical study of electrical interactions between two excitable heart cells, using a variable coupling resistance, with experimental studies on isolated rabbit ventricular cells coupled with a variable coupling resistance to a passive resistance and capacitance circuit. The theoretical results show that the response of an isolated cell to an increased frequency of stimulation is strongly altered by the presence of a coupling resistance to another cell. As the coupling resistance gradually is decreased, the stimulated cell becomes able to respond successfully to more rapid stimulation, and then, at levels of coupling resistance that allow conduction between the two cells, the coupled pair of cells exhibits arrhythmic interactions not predicted by the intrinsic properties of either cell. The experimental results show that the isolated rabbit ventricular cell is extremely sensitive to even a very small electrical load, with shortening of the action potential by 50% with electrical cou...
Doctors raise concerns about NICE guidelines on chronic primary pain
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Doctors in pain management have raised concerns about the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence’s guidance on treating chronic primary pain,1 which they said do not reflect clinical practice or current evidence.

Patients could be left in “despair,” said the British Pain Society, because of the recommendation that the only drugs that doctors should prescribe are certain antidepressants. Commonly prescribed drugs, including paracetamol, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, benzodiazepines, and opioids, should not be used to treat chronic primary pain, said NICE. Instead patients should be offered exercise programmes, therapy, and acupuncture.

The British Pain Society, an alliance of over 1200 clinicians in pain management, emphasised that the “blanket and inexpert withdrawal of medication in such a vulnerable group of patients could …
Decreased frequency of exercise-induced ventricular ectopic activity in the second of two consecutive treadmill tests.
Authors: D SSheps, J CErnst, F RBriese, L VLopez, C AConde, ACastellanos, R JMyerburg
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Two exercise tests were performed with an intervening rest period of 45 minutes in a group of 13 subjects with previously identified exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmias and no resting arrhythmias. Both normal subjects and patients with heart disease were included in the group. The level of stresss was equal in both tests as judged by similar rate-pressure products at peak exercise. There was a significant decrease (P less than 0.05) in the number of VPCs induced by exercise during and after the second test. When the number of VPCs on test I and test II in the same patients were compared, a regression line fitted the data well (r = 0.92). Analysis of the recovery periods revealed significant (P less than 0.01) decreases in systolic blood pressure at one and three minutes post exercise, comparing the second to the first test. The underlying mechanism may be decreased myocardial oxygen demand during the second test as the lowered rate-pressure products during recovery (P less than 0.01) reflect. The res...
HLA antigens in Turkish race with rheumatic heart disease [see comment].
Authors: MOzkan, MCarin, GSönmez, MSenocak, MOzdemir, CYakut
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDRheumatic valvular disease has been reported to be associated with HLA antigens. To determine whether genetic factors could be involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatic heart disease (RHD), we analyzed the distribution of HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DR antigens in Turkish patients with chronic rheumatic heart disease.METHODS AND RESULTSThe association of class I and class II HLA antigens was examined in 107 ethnic Turkish patients with chronic RHD. The diagnosis was supported by echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, angioventriculography, and histological findings in patients who underwent valve replacement. Two hundred three control subjects, also of Turkish origin, were chosen. The phenotypes B16, DR3, and DR7 were encountered in a significantly higher frequency in patients with RHD compared with the control population (corrected p < 0.05, p < 0.00005, and p < 0.0005, respectively). There also was a decrease in the antigen frequency of DR5 in patients compared with controls (corrected p < 0.005...
Sequence elements required for transcriptional activity of the human myoglobin promoter in intact myocardium.
Authors: RBassel-Duby, C MGrohe, M EJessen, W JParsons, J ARichardson, RChao, JGrayson, W SRing, R SWilliams
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

To define sequence elements required for myoglobin gene transcription in the intact heart, we examined the expression of a reporter gene under the control of a 380-bp upstream segment (-373 to +7) from the human myoglobin gene in transgenic mouse embryos and after gene transfer into left ventricular myocardium of adult rats. This proximal upstream region was sufficient to direct expression of luciferase selectively in cardiac and skeletal muscle of mouse embryos and to recapitulate the pattern of expression of the endogenous mouse myoglobin gene. This same upstream region was transcriptionally active after injection of plasmid DNA into the left ventricular wall of adult rats. Point mutations within two evolutionarily conserved sequence elements--a cytosine-rich (CCAC-box) motif and an A+T-rich (A/T) motif--severely impaired transcription within the intact heart. Nuclear extracts from neonatal cardiomyocytes contain protein factors that bind to each of these elements in a sequence-specific manner. We concl...
Inhaled nitric oxide. A selective pulmonary vasodilator reversing hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction.
Authors: CFrostell, M DFratacci, J CWain, RJones, W MZapol
Journal: Circulation (1991)

Background. The gas nitric oxide (NO) is an important endothelium-derived relaxing factor, inactivated by rapid combination with heme in hemoglobin. Methods and Results. Awake spontaneously breathing lambs inhaled 5-80 ppm NO with an acutely constricted pulmonary circulation due to either infusion of the stable thromboxane endoperoxide analogue U46619 or breathing a hypoxic gas mixture. Within 3 minutes after adding 40 ppm NO or more to inspired gas, pulmonary hypertension was reversed. Systemic vasodilation did not occur. Pulmonary hypertension resumed within 3-6 minutes of ceasing NO inhalation. During U46619 infusion pulmonary vasodilation was maintained up to 1 hour without tolerance. In the normal lamb, NO inhalation produced no hemodynamic changes. Breathing 80 ppm NO for 3 hours did not increase either methemoglobin or extravascular lung water levels nor modify lung histology compared with control lambs. Conclusions. Low dose inhaled NO (5-80 ppm) is a selective pulmonary vasodilator reversing both...
Short- and Long-Term Outcomes of Western-Based Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Colorectal Lesions
Authors: R Maselli, M Spadaccini, PJ Belletrutti, PA Galtieri, S Attardo, G Pellegatta, EC Ferrara, A Fugazza, S Carrara, A Iannone, C Hassan, A Repici
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims The role of ESD for CR lesions in Western communities is unclear and its adoption is still limited. This may be attributed to the disappointing technical outcomes in preliminary studies, along with the lack of long-term data coming from Western centers. The aim of this study is to assess the long-term outcomes of a large cohort of patients treated with colorectal ESD in a tertiary Western center.
The role of transesophageal echocardiography in identifying anomalous coronary arteries.
Authors: FFernandes, MAlam, SSmith, FKhaja
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDThe study objective was to evaluate the role of transesophageal echocardiography in identifying the origin of anomalous coronary arteries and confirming their course in relation to the great vessels. The diagnosis of coronary anomalies is made by angiography. The anomalous left main artery with a course between the pulmonary artery and the aorta has been associated with myocardial infarction and sudden death. The course of these anomalous coronary arteries is difficult to demonstrate by angiography alone.METHODS AND RESULTSNine patients with angiographically confirmed anomalous coronary arteries were studied by transesophageal echocardiography with color flow Doppler. The abnormal origin of the anomalous coronary arteries was confirmed by transesophageal echocardiography in all nine patients. In four patients, the left main coronary artery originated from the right sinus of Valsalva. In all of these patients, transesophageal echocardiography demonstrated the course of the anomalous left main cor...
The biochemical pharmacology of thromboxane synthase inhibition in man.
Authors: G AFitzGerald, I AReilly, A KPedersen
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Selective inhibitors of thromboxane synthase have two theoretical advantages over inhibitors of the cyclooxygenase enzyme as potential antithrombotic compounds. First, they do not prevent formation of prostacyclin, a platelet-inhibitory, vasodilator compound, coincident with inhibiting thromboxane biosynthesis. Second, the prostaglandin endoperoxide substrate that accumulates in the platelet in the presence of thromboxane synthase inhibition may be donated to endothelial prostacyclin synthase at the site of platelet-vascular interactions (endoperoxide steal). Selective inhibition of thromboxane biosynthesis coincident with enhanced prostacyclin formation in vivo has been observed after administration of these compounds to man. Despite these attractive features and the efficacy of these compounds in diverse short-term animal preparations of thrombosis, investigations of their efficacy in human disease have proven disappointing. This may reflect on the importance of thromboxane A2 in the diseases that hav...
Impact of Macroscopic On-Site Evaluation on Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided fine Needle Biopsy of Pancreatic and Extrapancreatic Solid Lesions
Authors: S Rizza, S Gaia, M Bruno, F Maletta, M Sacco, F Rizzi, M Gesualdo, F Cravero, GM Saracco, CG De Angelis
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Macroscopic on-site evaluation (MOSE) looks promising for estimating the adequacy of EUS-FNB samples, in order to reduce the number of passes needed to achieve a diagnosis.
Selecting the Best Donor for T Cell-Replete Haploidentical Transplantation: Importance of HLA Disparity, NK Alloreactivity, and Other Clinical Variables
Authors: Scott R Solomon, Michael A Aubrey, Xu Zhang, Allison Piluso, Brian M Freed, Stacey Brown, Katelin C Jackson, Melhem M Solh, Lawrence E Morris, H. Kent Holland, Asad Bashey
Journal: Blood (2017)
Does prostacyclin enhance the selective pulmonary vasodilator effect of oxygen in children with congenital heart disease
Authors: ABush, CBusst, KBooth, W BKnight, E AShinebourne
Journal: Circulation (1986)

We have obtained dose-response curves for the effects of prostacyclin on the pulmonary and systemic circulations in 20 children (median age 3 years) with pulmonary hypertension complicating congenital heart disease. Results were obtained with the children breathing both air and 100% oxygen. Under both sets of conditions, remote respiratory mass spectrometry was used to measure oxygen consumption and hence cardiac output by the direct Fick principle. When the subjects breathed air, prostacyclin caused a dose-dependent fall in pulmonary vascular resistance (measured in mm Hg . liter-1 . min . m2) (11.12 to 8.07, standard error of difference [SED] = 0.5, p less than .01). The level of the pulmonary vascular resistance when the subjects breathed air during the infusion of 20 ng/kg/min prostacyclin was not significantly different from that found when they breathed 100% oxygen and did not receive the drug (8.67 vs 8.93, SED = 0.55, p = NS). When infused while the subjects breathed 100% oxygen, prostacyclin caus...