tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
2nd Mayo/NASCOLA Coagulation Testing Quality Conference
Authors: Moffat Ka, Seecharan Jl, Hayward Cpm, Ledford-Kraemer Mr, Plumhoff Ea, Nichols Wl
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2008)

Platelet aggregation testing is important to evaluate platelet function disorders.Historically, reference intervals (RI) for percentage aggregation responses are derived using the mean ± 2 SD (MSD) for healthy volunteer samples.However, a nonparametric approach (NP) is acceptable for RI determination, especially if there is more than one observation per individual or non-normal distribution of data.We compared MSD and NP approaches to determine platelet aggregation RI.Methods: Data on % aggregation by light transmission was prospectively collected for platelet rich plasma (250 3 10 9 platelets/L) from healthy controls (some tested multiple times), stimulated with (final concentrations): 2 and 4 lM ADP, 1.25 and 5 lM Horm collagen, 1.6 mM arachidonic acid, 1 lM thromboxane analogue, and 0.5 and 1.25 mg/mL ristocetin.RI were estimated by MSD and NP using ''all'' data and ''first'' measurements, with 2.5% of data outside lower or upper RI considered acceptable.Results: As the % aggregation responses to most agonists had non-normal distributions, RI by MSD was not appropriate particularly for ADP and low dose ristocetin which showed dramatic deviations from a normal distribution.The use of all or first measurements generated similar RI by NP but not by MSD.In addition, NP RI were not dependent on data distribution, resulting in more acceptable proportions of values above or below RI than with MSD (% above or below RI using ''all'' ; ''first'' measurements: NP 0.94-2.21%;1.33-2.13%,MSD 0.88-6.36%;0.00-5.52%).Conclusion: RI determination by a nonparametric approach generated the most representative RI for % aggregation and it had the advantage of using all available repeated measurements, without dependency on data distribution.Because the nonparametric approach is also recommended when only a limited numbers of controls are tested, we suggest that it be the preferred approach for establishing platelet aggregation RI.
ESCMID COVID-19 guidelines: diagnostic testing for SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Paraskevi C. Fragkou, Giulia De Angelis, Giulia Menchinelli, Fusun Can, Federico Garcia, Florence Morfin-Sherpa, Dimitra Dimopoulou, Elisabeth Mack, Adolfo de Salazar, Adriano Grossi, Theodore Lytras, Chrysanthi Skevaki
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2022)
High Blood Pressure
Authors: G. W. Pickering
Journal: BMJ (1939)

The question to be discussed here is central to the whole problem of human hypertension-namely, the nature of the agent raising the arterial pressure.Until we under- stand this no other question can be answered fully and satisfactorily.At the outset it is' well to have clearly in mind the possibility that -hypertension may originate differently in different clinical conditions.The following discussion will centre round so-called essential hyper- tension, but acute and chronic'nephritis and coarctation of the aorta will be mentioned briefly. VasoconstrictionIn all the maladies mentioned we may say that the rise in mean arterial pressure is due to vasoconstriction, for the other possible factors-raised cardiac output and in- creased blood viscosity-have been excluded by direct measurement.We do not yet know whether this vaso- constriction affects equally all vascular areas or some territories to a greater extent than others; but the evidence supports the idea that it is more or less uniform.Thus, if vasoconstriction affected some vascular territories more than others we should expect blood to be diverted from vessels that were more, to those that were less, constricted.We might therefore expect symptoms of ischaemia to arise from organs 'whose vessels were particularly narrow.Such symptoms are uncommon in the early stages, and when they occur in the later or more severe cases they are, in my opinion, nearly always due to local organic vascular disease.I am dissatisfied with the evidence for the view that so-called hypertensive encephalopathy is due to arterial spasm: hypertensive neuroretinitis may be, but the question of its origin is complex (Pickering, 1933-4) and the vascular territory small.The normal blood-flows through the forearm recorded in chronic nephritis and essential hypertension by Prinzmetal and Wilson (1936) and by myself (Pickering, 1935-6b) support the conception of a generalized vaso- constriction,'but the measurements perhaps require repeti- tion in view of the recent demonstration by Grant and Pearson (1937-8) that the forearm plethysmograph used in both sets of observations receives not only blood entering the forearm'from the arterial side but also blood return- ing through the veins from the hand.On general grounds we would suspect that the vessels chiefly constricted in hypertension would be the small arteries and arterioles where the main vascular resistance lies.This idea is supported by the normal values for capillary pressure
Antenatal Care
Authors: J. G. Fife
Journal: BMJ (1948)

of disproportion.Factors which might contribute to this accident are those which depress the fornix.A shortened perineum from severe perineal tears would diminish the height of the vaginal vault.Uterine prolapse with or without rectocele would predispose similarly.Physiologically a simultaneous contraction of abdominal wall and diaphragm would raise intra-abdominal pressure and momentarily depress the pelvic diaphragm.Another factor to be considered is the part her recent pregnancy may have had in softening and vascularizing the parts.Since this case I have heard of another similar one at 6 weeks post partum.On the other hand a case is described by Nicholls of an adult female with similar injury 81 months post partum, when complete involution should have occurred.Three cases are described in the Medical Journal of Australia of 1919, two by D'Arcy, and one by Stokes.Other similar cases are described by Anspach, Ricciardi, and numerous others.All cases are characterized by haemorrhage severe enough to threaten life and which usually requires surgical repair for its arrest.The literature contains a goodly number of cases of this type, but most textbooks devote only a few, lines to this subject, if it is mentioned at all.The leading textbooks describe coital injuries as occurring primarily at the vulva and hymeneal areas, and sometimes extending upwards from this.Injuries high in the vagina are usually said to occur in old women or young girls.- I should like to express my thanks to Dr. C.
Retained Placenta
Authors: W. Calvert
Journal: BMJ (1947)

modified.The objection regarding education would not arise if amblyopic eyes were treated before serious schooling began, the ideal being before 6 years of age.Unfortunately many chijdren are not brought until later, sometimes not until young adulflife, and at this stage the recognition of the existence of three types of amblyopia is a guide to the value of treatment and will avoid useless occlusion and unnecessary nerve strain.The three types of amblyopia are: (I) The " purposive " amblyopia associated with concomitant squint, which may be regarded as a deliberate act of suppression designed to avoid the psychic trauma of diplopia.(2) The " passive " amblyopia resulting from failure to condition in infancy the central pathways subserving macular perception.This form is a legacy of some condition which interfered during the first two years of life with the visual acuity necessary to educate macular function-uncorrected refractive errors, congenital cataracts, infantile keratitis, ophthalmia neonatorum, etc.(3) " Pseudo "-amblyopia in which, despite a fundus of normal appearance, developmental defects such as macular dysplasia, or acquired defects such as macular haemorrhages at birth, have made central vision impossible.These conditions are frequently termed "6 congenital " amblyopia and by orthoptists " intractable " amblyopia, but -actually are not examples of true amblyopia.These three types can usually be differentiated clinically, and distress to the child can be avoided if their varying response to treatment by occlusion is borne in mind.
DIARY OF A BUSY DOCTOR.
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Bone and Lymph Node Flare to Androgen Deprivation Therapy in Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer on 18F–Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen PET/CT With Decreasing Prostate-Specific Antigen of 0.7 ng/mL
Authors: Yang Lu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2022)

Abstract A 72-year-old man with prostate cancer was found to have prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)–avid oligometastasis on initial staging with 18 F-DCFPyL PET/CT. Meanwhile, his prostate-specific antigen was 10.0 ng/mL, and testosterone level was 381 ng/dL. Six weeks after initiation of treatment on androgen deprivation therapy plus abiraterone, his restaging 18 F-DCFPyL PET/CT showed decreased PSMA uptake in primary prostate lesion, but increased uptake in bone and lymph node metastases, whereas his prostate-specific antigen decreased to 0.7 ng/mL, and testosterone level was &lt;3 ng/dL. This case illustrates hormone-sensitive metastatic bone and lymph node flare on 18 F-PSMA PET/CT.
Health System–Based Low-Intensity Interventions to Prevent Self-harm Among Patients With Suicidal Ideation
Authors: Barbara Stanley, Lisa Dixon
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
BP Control and Long-Term Risk of ESRD and Mortality
Authors: Elaine Ku, Jennifer Gassman, Lawrence J. Appel, Miroslaw Smogorzewski, Mark J. Sarnak, David V. Glidden, George Bakris, Orlando M. Gutiérrez, Lee A. Hebert, Joachim H. Ix, Janice Lea, Michael S. Lipkowitz, Keith Norris, David Ploth, Velvie A. Pogue, Stephen G. Rostand, Edward D. Siew, Mohammed Sika, C. Craig Tisher, Robert Toto, Jackson T. Wright, Christina Wyatt, Chi-yuan Hsu
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2016)

We recently showed an association between strict BP control and lower mortality risk during two decades of follow-up of prior participants in the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) trial. Here, we determined the risk of ESRD and mortality during extended follow-up of the African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension (AASK) trial. We linked 1067 former AASK participants with CKD previously randomized to strict or usual BP control (mean arterial pressure ≤92 mmHg or 102–107 mmHg, respectively) to the US Renal Data System and Social Security Death Index; 397 patients had ESRD and 475 deaths occurred during a median follow-up of 14.4 years from 1995 to 2012. Compared with the usual BP arm, the strict BP arm had unadjusted and adjusted relative risks of ESRD of 0.92 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.75 to 1.12) and 0.95 (95% CI, 0.78 to 1.16; P =0.64), respectively, and unadjusted and adjusted relative risks of death of 0.92 (95% CI, 0.77 to 1.10) and 0.81 (95% CI, 0.68 to 0.98; P =0.03), respectively. In meta-analyses of individual-level data from the MDRD and the AASK trials, unadjusted relative risk of ESRD was 0.88 (95% CI, 0.78 to 1.00) and unadjusted relative risk of death was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.76 to 0.99) for strict versus usual BP arms. Our findings suggest that, during long–term follow-up, strict BP control does not delay the onset of ESRD but may reduce the relative risk of death in CKD.
Milk Allergy
Authors: W. F. Walker
Journal: BMJ (1952)

CUTANEOUS REACTIONS TO PROGESTERONE BJoumHhave been excluded.Testosterone is necessary for the full development of pigmentation after ultra-violet irradiation (Edwards et al., 1941).Of other steroid hormones, deoxycortone inhibits the development of melanophores in explanted chick embryo skin (Hamilton, 1940), but does not usually decrease the hyperpigmentation in Addison's disease.Cortisone inhibits pigmentation in black-hooded rats (Whitaker and Baker, 1948), but apparently not in human subjects (Jarvinen, 1951).To this list may be added the effect of progesterone described here.My thanks are due to the medical students who acted as subjects, and to Messrs. British Drug Houses Ltd., who supplied the progesterone solutions.
ABC of major trauma. Head injuries--II.
Authors: R Bullock, G Teasdale
Journal: BMJ (1990)

Full Impaired ComaFull Impaired Coma ConisciousnessAbsolute risk of death in patients with head injury.The following list of indications for admission of patients with head injuries should be displayed in accident and emergency departments.* Confusion or any other depression of consciousness at the time of the examination * Skull fracture * Neurological symptoms or signs, or both * Difficulty in assessing the patient-for example, because of ingestion of alcohol, epilepsy, or other medical conditions that cloud consciousness; children are also difficult to assess * Lack of a responsible adult to supervise the patient and other social problems.
Pulmonary Function Testing: Principles and Practice.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Welcome to Pulmonary Function Testing: Principles and Practice.You might ask why do we need another book on pulmonary function tests (PFTs)?We have been involved in teaching PFTs to students, residents, and fellows for many years and have realized that there appear to be two main types of educational resources available.On the one hand, there are many classic books about pulmonary physiology, such as West's Respiratory Physiology: The Essentials and the American Physiological Society's Handbook of Physiology.And there are also many excellent references about how to perform and interpret pulmonary function tests, such as Ruppel's Manual of Pulmonary Function Testing and Wanger's Pulmonary Function Testing: A Practical Approach.What we felt was needed was a resource that combined the best of both worlds, including not only details about how each PFT is performed and interpreted but also the physiological basis of each test.In addition, this level of content would best be geared toward the postgraduate trainee or fellow in pulmonary medicine and should include a section on the practical "how to" run a PFT lab.This book is the result of our vision and goals.We have purposely included authors that are both pulmonary physicians and scientists, each with expertise in their field.We hope you find Pulmonary Function Testing: Principles and Practice ideally suited to your education and training in pulmonary physiology and how to perform and interpret PFTs.
Book Review Reaction to Injury: Pathology for students of disease based on the functional and morphological responses of tissues to injurious agents . By Wiley D. Forbus, M.D. 4°, cloth, 797 pp., with 532 illustrations, 20 of which are in color. Baltimore: Williams &amp; Wilkins Company, 1943. $9.00.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1944)
Commentary
Authors: Marcin Polkowski
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastrojejunal anastomosis with lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMSs) has recently emerged as an alternative to surgical bypass or endoscopic enteral stenting in patients with gastric outlet obstruction (GOO). The rates of technical (80 % – 100 %) and clinical success (73 % – 100 %) are high, rates of adverse events (3.5 % – 25 %) are acceptable, and the majority of patients (77 % – 100 %) do not require re-intervention for symptom recurrence. The reported experience is limited to retrospective cohort studies, and predominantly to patients with malignant GOO; however, LAMS gastrojejunostomy has also been used to manage obstruction related to peptic ulcer disease, anastomotic strictures, chronic and acute pancreatitis, or rare causes such as superior mesenteric artery syndrome as presented in this video case. Preliminary data suggest that surgery can be avoided in more than 80 % of benign cases; however, the long-term effects of LAMS gastrojejunostomy in the setting of benign GOO, and the optimal timing and safety of stent removal, remain to be determined.
Rapid manufacturing of non-activated potent CAR T cells
Authors: Saba Ghassemi, Joseph S. Durgin, Selene Nunez-Cruz, Jai Patel, John Leferovich, Marilia Pinzone, Feng Shen, Katherine D. Cummins, Gabriela Plesa, Vito Adrian Cantu, Shantan Reddy, Frederic D. Bushman, Saar I. Gill, Una O’Doherty, Roddy S. O’Connor, Michael C. Milone
Journal: Nature Biomedical Engineering (2022)
Trends in Decarceration, COVID-19 Cases, and SARS-CoV-2 Testing in US Immigration Detention Centers From September 2020 to August 2021
Authors: Nishant Uppal, Elizabeth T. Chin, Parsa Erfani, Raquel Sofia Sandoval, Caroline H. Lee, Ranit Mishori, Katherine R. Peeler
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)
Collagenous colitis.
Authors: W T Cooke
Journal: Gut (1986)

<h3>Educational aims</h3> To describe the emerging genetics of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and the heterogeneity of the disease To highlight the clinical symptoms and signs suggestive of PCD that should lead to consideration of diagnostic testing To highlight the difficulties in diagnosing PCD emphasising the need for specialist diagnostic centres To discuss current treatment strategies and highlight the lack of an evidence base for these <h3>Summary</h3> Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare heterogeneous genetic disorder affecting ciliary function. Genes coding for various ciliary structural proteins or cytoplasmic proteins responsible for the assembly of cilia can be mutated resulting in abnormal ciliary function. However, despite the diversity of genotypes that can cause PCD the clinical phenotypes of PCD are all remarkably similar. The main clinical symptoms are caused by a lack of mucociliary clearance. Worryingly many patients are diagnosed late despite their classical, lifelong symptoms of a daily wet sounding cough and rhinosinusitis. Even when PCD is suspected, poor access to specialist diagnostic centres may delay diagnosis. Currently, diagnostic testing includes screening of nasal nitric oxide, followed by nasal brushing to obtain ciliated epithelial strips for high-speed video analysis of ciliary function. This is typically followed by transmission electron microscopy and in difficult cases by ciliated cell culture. Emerging tests including immunofluorescence and genetic examination are the focus of intense research and are likely to feature more in the future. Despite a greater understanding of the pathogenesis of PCD and improved diagnostic testing, management strategies are currently based on expert opinion with little, if any, evidence base.
Varicose veins.
Authors: L De Cossart, R S Kiff
Journal: BMJ (1990)

increased intraepithelial lymphocytes.Entero- pathy due to cows' milk sensitivity has been associated with post-enteritis syndrome-that is, chronic diarrhoea after infection.Most cases in our study resolved spontaneously despite the children continuing with a normal diet, and three children given a milk free diet showed no obvious benefit.Thus in immunocompetent children crvptosporidium seems to be an important cause of chronic, as well as acute, diarrhoea.It is associated with enteropathy of the small intestine and with severe failure to thrive, which add to the urgent need for effective treatment.
MBRS-16. HDAC AND NFκB ANTAGONISTS SYNERGISTICALLY INHIBIT GROWTH OF MYC-DRIVEN MEDULLOBLASTOMA
Authors: Viktoria Marquardt, Johanna Theruvath, David Pauck, Daniel Picard, Nan Qin, Lena Blümel, Finn Hansen, Jörg Felsberg, Samuel Cheshier, Guido Reifenberger, Arndt Borkhardt, Thomas Kurz, Siddhartha Mitra, Marc Remke
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor and comprises at least four distinct biological subgroups. MYC-driven tumorigenesis constitutes a hallmark feature underlying Group 3 biology and metastatic dissemination at diagnosis or recurrence constitutes a major clinical problem in this highly aggressive subgroup. Employing our institutional drug screening platform, we evaluated an in-house library of over 200 histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) in various brain tumor cell lines and patient-derived primary cultures including glioblastoma (n=8), medulloblastoma (n=10) and atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (n=11). Thereby, we identified CI-994, a clinically established class I specific HDAC inhibitor, which selectively inhibited proliferation of MYC-driven medulloblastoma in our primary and secondary screen. We confirmed the MYC-dependent response in medulloblastoma cell lines with CRISPR/CAS9-based MYC overexpression compared to their isogenic controls with low MYC expression. Notably, inhibitor treatment resulted in significantly reduced MYC mRNA and protein expression levels, decreased cell viability and induction of apoptosis. Additionally, a screen for synergism with a clinical inhibitor library (clinical phase III/IV and approved chemotherapeutics) revealed favorable interaction with NFκB inhibition. Furthermore, integrated proteogenomics using RNA sequencing and proteomic profiling corroborated NFκB pathway activation upon CI-994 treatment. Finally, we demonstrated a significantly prolonged survival, a decrease in tumor growth and spinal metastasis in two orthotopic xenograft mouse models of MYC-driven medulloblastoma. In conclusion, our results suggest a MYC-dependent response to class I HDAC inhibition in medulloblastoma and provide compelling rationale for further development of a novel, potentially highly effective therapeutic strategy against the primary site and, importantly, the metastatic compartment.