tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dermatologist Perceptions of Teledermatology Implementation and Future Use After COVID-19
Authors: Jonathan Kennedy, Siobhan Arey, Zachary Hopkins, Trilokraj Tejasvi, Ramsay Farah, Aaron M. Secrest, Jules B. Lipoff
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2021)

Teledermatology is an effective method for delivering health care, with strong evidence supporting its use, yet barriers have stalled implementation, including lack of reimbursement, liability concerns, and licensing restrictions. 1,2The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic crisis led to rapid adoption of telemedicine to continue care while minimizing inperson contact. 3 Historically, most teledermatology studies have focused on store-and-forward models, whereas during the COVID-19 pandemic, regulatory changes from the US Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services prompted an increase in liveinteractive video visits.These changes granted parity in reimbursements between video and in-person visits, removing eligibility and geographic restrictions. 4,5We sought to assess dermatologists' perceptions of and experiences with teledermatology in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and these new changes.Methods | In May and June 2020, an American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) Teledermatology Task Force subgroup surveyed AAD members regarding the effects of COVID-19 on teledermatology.Topics included modes used; situational appropriateness; and opinions regarding reimbursement, perceived need, barriers, and anticipated future use.Questions were tested for face validity and readability and approved by the Task Force and AAD representatives (see Supplement for detailed methods).The AAD administered the survey via email, collected and maintained data, and provided deidentified data for analysis.
Iatrogenic Ulcers of the Small Intestine
Authors: T. B. Binns, A. K. Pittman, D. M. Burley, J. M. O'Brien
Journal: BMJ (1965)

MEDICAL JUNL but unmentioned is an identical peak for 0700 to 0900 hours.What is considered to be the significant factor for road traffic accidents in this period ?It would have been of great value if further data had been collected (or disclosed)-i.e., (a) evidence of any drugs taken ; (b) alcohol levels of persons injured in the road-traffic accidents but not driving, and (c) alcohol levels of persons involved in the road-traffic accidents but not injured.The basic cause of all accidents is careless- ness, and any factor that will cause or is likely to cause a state of carelessness in the majority of drivers should be recognized and, if prac- ticable, excluded.Alcohol is one identifiable factor ; it can be excluded.Blood and/or urine tests should be man- datory on all drivers suspected by police of drunkenness and on all involved in a notifiable traffic accident, and the result be available to the police authorities.This procedure is used abroad and its adoption suggested in this country.The taking of blood or urine samples could at present constitute a trespass against the person, and has given us a reason for opposing such adoption, but the taking of breath for analysis has the same legal defect and also the grave defect that samples cannot easily be kept for independent check analysis.-I am, etc.,
Left axis deviation: a reassessment.
Authors: J KPerloff, N KRoberts, W RCabeen
Journal: Circulation (1979)

This report deals with the ramifications of the concept of left axis deviation. In early life, the leftward shift of the frontal plane QRS axis is determined chiefly, if not solely, by the relative weights of the ventricles. Once adult ventricular weight ratios are reached, there is a long period of axis stability, then a gradual leftward drift of the QRS, governed principally by left anterior fascicular conduction. Thus, the normal QRS axis is age-dependent, and left axis deviation must be considered accordingly.
Bioactive glass promotes the barrier functional behaviors of keratinocytes and improves the Re-epithelialization in wound healing in diabetic rats
Authors: Fengling Tang, Junliang Li, Weihan Xie, Yunfei Mo, Lu Ouyang, Fujian Zhao, Xiaoling Fu, Xiaofeng Chen
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)

Upon skin injury, re-epithelialization must be triggered promptly to restore the integrity and barrier function of the epidermis. However, this process is often delayed or interrupted in chronic wounds like diabetic foot ulcers. Considering that BG particles can activate multiple genes in various cells, herein, we hypothesized that bioactive glass (BG) might be able to modulate the barrier functional behaviors of keratinocytes. By measuring the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and the paracellular tracer flux, we found the 58S-BG extracts substantially enhanced the barrier function of keratinocyte monolayers. The BG extracts might exert such effects by promoting the keratinocyte differentiation and the formation of tight junctions, as evidenced by the increased expression of critical differentiation markers (K10 and involucrin) and TJ protein claudin-1, as well as the altered subcellular location of four major TJ proteins (claudin-1, occludin, JAM-A, and ZO-1). Besides, the cell scratch assay showed that BG extracts induced the collective migration of keratinocytes, though they did not accelerate the migration rate compared to the control. The in vivo study using a diabetic rat wound model demonstrated that the BG extracts accelerated the process of re-epithelialization, stimulated keratinocyte differentiation, and promoted the formation of tight junctions in the newly regenerated epidermis. Our findings revealed the crucial effects of BGs on keratinocytes and highlighted its potential application for chronic wound healing by restoring the barrier function of the wounded skin effectively.
Effects of aging on arterial distensibility in populations with high and low prevalence of hypertension: comparison between urban and rural communities in China.
Authors: A PAvolio, F QDeng, W QLi, Y FLuo, Z DHuang, L FXing, M FO'Rourke
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Arterial pulse wave velocity, an established index of arterial distensibility, was measured together with arterial pressure in a group of 524 normal subjects of both sexes 2 months to 94 years old (mean age 45.6 +/- 15.3 years [SD]) in rural Guangzhou, China, an area with known low prevalence of hypertension. Fasting serum lipid levels and overnight Na+ and K+ urinary excretion levels were determined in a subgroup of 104 subjects (ages 8 to 88 years). Comparisons were made with data obtained similarly from normal subjects in urban Beijing, an area with known high prevalence of hypertension. Serum cholesterol levels were similar and low in each group (Guangzhou, 4.34 +/- 0.12 mmol/liter [SE]; BEijing, 4.49 +/- 0.11 mmol/liter). Prevalence of hypertension (WHO criteria) was 4.9% (Guangzhou) and 15.6% (Beijing). In Guangzhou subjects pulse wave velocity was consistently lower in the aorta, arm, and leg, and increased to a lesser degree with age compared with Beijing subjects. Regression equations (x = pulse ...
Effects of increased adrenomedullary activity and taurine in young patients with borderline hypertension.
Authors: TFujita, KAndo, HNoda, YIto, YSato
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Recent studies showed that taurine, a sulphonic amino acid, could decrease blood pressure and increase sympathoadrenal tone in DoCA-salt-treated hypertensive rats. To determine whether taurine exerts its antihypertensive action in man in a similar fashion, we studied the effect of oral administration of taurine (6 g for 7 days) on blood pressure and plasma catecholamines in 19 young patients with borderline hypertension in a double-blind, placebo-controlled fashion. Systolic blood pressure in the 10 patients who were treated with taurine decreased by 9.0 +/- 2.9 mm Hg (mean +/- SE; p less than .05 by paired t test), compared with a 2.7 +/- 2.3 mm Hg decrease (NS) in the nine patients treated with placebo and diastolic blood pressure in the taurine-treated patients decreased by 4.1 +/- 1.7 mm Hg (p less than .05) compared with 1.2 +/- 3.0 mm Hg (NS) in the placebo-treated subjects. In the patients receiving taurine plasma epinephrine (E) decreased significantly, with a negligible decrease in plasma norepin...
Species-dependent effects of adenosine on heart rate and atrioventricular nodal conduction. Mechanism and physiological implications.
Authors: GFroldi, LBelardinelli
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

This study 1) compares the negative chronotropic and dromotropic actions of adenosine in guinea pig, rat, and rabbit hearts; 2) investigates the mechanism(s) for the different responses; and 3) determines the physiological implications. Isolated perfused hearts were instrumented for measurement of atrial rate and atrioventricular (AV) nodal conduction time. Differences in metabolism of adenosine were determined in the absence and presence of dipyridamole (nucleoside uptake blocker) and erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine (EHNA, adenosine deaminase inhibitor). Dipyridamole plus EHNA decreased adenosine's EC50 for the negative dromotropic effect by 14-fold in guinea pig heart and 1.6-fold in rat heart. This is consistent with the greater number of [3H]nitrobenzylthioinosine binding sites measured in membranes from guinea pig (1,231 +/- 68 fmol/mg protein) compared with rat (302 +/- 31 fmol/mg protein) and rabbit (260 +/- 28 fmol/mg protein) atria. The potency of adenosine to slow atrial rate and prolong AV...
Distribution of choline acetyltransferase in cerebral and extracerebral cranial arteries of the cat. Its relationship to neurogenic atropine-sensitive dilation.
Authors: J ABevan, G MBuga, V MFlorence, AGonsalves, ASnowden
Journal: Circulation Research (1982)

Choline-acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity was surveyed in segments of cranial arteries--both cerebral and extracerebral--from the cat. High levels were found in pial arteries, both cerebral and cerebellar, and in the arteries to salivary glands, tongue, and nose. Intermediate levels were found in the external and internal maxillary arteries and many of their branches. Enzyme levels in the arteries supplying the head--common carotid, vertebral, and in several systemic arteries and veins and also the lingual vein--were probably not significant. Only those vessels that have higher ChAT contents show capacity for neurogenic vasodilation. The dilation of segments of a number of these arteries, the basilar, middle cerebral, lingual, and internal maxillary, is reduced significantly by atropine (5 X 10(-7) M). ChAT activity did not correlate with vessel norepinephrine content. The data may be interpreted as defining a functional vasodilator system to the head encompassing both cerebral and extracerebral arteries ...
Identification of alpha- and beta-cardiac myosin heavy chain isoforms as major autoantigens in dilated cardiomyopathy.
Authors: A LCaforio, MGrazzini, J MMann, P JKeeling, G FBottazzo, W JMcKenna, SSchiaffino
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDImmunization with cardiac myosin induces experimental autoimmune heart disease in genetically predisposed mice. These mice produce heart-specific autoantibodies, some of which are directed against the cardiac myosin isoform.METHODS AND RESULTSWe have reported the presence of circulating heart-specific autoantibodies in 26% of patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) using indirect immunofluorescence. To identify the autoantigen(s) recognized by heart-specific autoantibodies in human disease, we tested, by Western blotting, sera from 26 DCM patients, 14 of whom were cardiac antibody-positive and 12 antibody-negative, as well as sera from 12 patients with cardiac failure from ischemic or valvular heart disease and from 13 normal subjects who were cardiac antibody-negative. Crude myofibrillar proteins and myosin preparations extracted from human atrial or ventricular specimens were used as antigens. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was performed. The proteins w...
Audio Interview: Antibody Responses to Natural Infection and Vaccination
Authors: Eric J. Rubin, Lindsey R. Baden, Stephen Morrissey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

Antibody Responses to Natural Infection and Vaccination In this audio interview conducted on April 6, 2021, the editors discuss the role of antibodies in immunity against wild-type SARS-CoV-2 and i...
The effects of a critical stenosis on myocardial blood flow, ventricular function, and infarct size after coronary reperfusion.
Authors: C ALefkowitz, D PPace, K PGallagher, A JBuda
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Immediate percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty has been advocated for patients with a residual stenosis after coronary thrombolysis because of the possibility that the residual stenosis may restrict reflow and thereby increase infarct size. Because there are few experimental data bearing on this issue, we measured left ventricular function, myocardial blood flow, and infarct size in 20 anesthetized open-chest dogs during 2 hr of left circumflex occlusion and 4 hr of reperfusion. Ten animals were reperfused through a critical stenosis of the left circumflex artery (critical stenosis group) and the remaining 10 animals underwent full reperfusion without stenosis (control group). In both groups, a comparable degree of echocardiographic systolic wall thinning was present during occlusion and partial recovery of global and regional left ventricular function in the two groups. Subendocardial blood flow was decreased in the critical stenosis group relative to the control group at 5 min after reperfusio...
Ultrastructural evidence of microvascular damage and myocardial cell injury after coronary artery occlusion: which comes first?
Authors: R AKloner, R ERude, NCarlson, P RMaroko, L WDeBoer, EBraunwald
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Both microvascular damage and myocardial cell injury occur after coronary occlusion, but the relationship of these two events is unclear; specifically, it is unknown whether microvascular damage causes myocardial cell injury. Dogs were subjected to coronary occlusion for 20, 40, 60, 90 or 180 minutes, after which subendocardial and subepicardial biopsies were obtained for electron and light microscopy of 1-mu sections. Of 312 biopsies of ischemic myocadium, 181 showed myocardial cell injury with no microvascular damage; 131 showed myocardial cell injury and microvascular damage; but none showed microvascular damage without myocardial cell injury. Although ultrastructural evidence of myocardial cell damage was present in the subendocardium after 20-40 minutes of ischemia, ultrastructural evidence of microvascular damage was not prominent until 60-90 minutes after coronary artery occlusion. Morphologic ultrastructural evidence of microvascular damage lagged behind myocardial cell injury, suggesting that ult...
Torrential Pseudoaneurysmal Bleed: Endoscopic Ultrasound Guided Coil and Glue for Rescue
Authors: G Muktesh, J Samanta, R Kochhar
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Endoscopic ultrasound(EUS) guided vascular interventions are being increasingly utilised. Although EUS guided coil and glue injection has been used for treatment of fundal varices, experience of EUS guided coil and cyanoacrylate glue for treatment of pseudoaneurysm remains limited. We present a case of chronic pancreatitis with splenic artery pseudoaneurysm with history of torrential GI bleed who underwent EUS guided coil and glue injection. Complete obliteration of aneurysm was achieved and confirmed on colour doppler immediately post procedure. Patient improved and was discharged successfully.
Abstract 9899: Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Model Gata6-associated Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Arun Sharma, Lauren Wasson, Jon Willcox, Sarah Morton, Joshua Gorham, Daniel DeLaughter, Meraj Neyazi, Manuel Schmid, Radhika Agarwal, Min Young Jang, Christopher Toepfer, Tarsha Ward, Yuri Kim, Alexandre Pereira, Steven DePalma, Angela Tai, Seongwon Kim, David Conner, Daniel Bernstein, Bruce Gelb, Wendy Chung, Elizabeth Goldmuntz, George Porter, Martin Tristani-firouzi, Deepak Srivastava, Jonathan Seidman, Christine Seidman
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Discovery of recurrent damaging gene mutations enables identification of key developmental regulators. Heterozygous GATA6 loss-of-function (LoF) and missense variants cause congenital heart disease...
Real-time, two-dimensional echocardiographic features of pacemaker perforation.
Authors: BGondi, N CNanda
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Five patients (four adults and one child) with clinically suspected myocardial perforation by temporary transvenous pacemakers were studied by real-time, two-dimensional echocardiography. In three patients, the catheters were visualized passing through the right ventricular apical wall with the tip located outside the cardiac border. In one patient the catheter perforated the atrioventricular septum and entered the left ventricle with the tip lodged against the posterior wall. In another patient, the catheter had partially penetrated the ventricular septum near the apex. Pericardial effusion was observed in two patients, in one of whom it was localized to the site of perforation. No patient had evidence of cardiac tamponade. In four patients, the catheters were withdrawn under echocardiographic visualization and the catheter tips could be seen moving from the abnormal locations back into the right-heart chambers. Perforation was verified at autopsy in two patients, including one in whom the catheter was n...
Differential induction of allergen-specific IgA responses following timothy grass subcutaneous and sublingual immunotherapy
Authors: Mohamed H. Shamji, David Larson, Aarif Eifan, Guy W. Scadding, Tielin Qin, Kaitie Lawson, Michelle L. Sever, Ellen Macfarlane, Janice A. Layhadi, Peter A. Würtzen, Rebecca V. Parkin, Srinath Sanda, Kristina M. Harris, Gerald T. Nepom, Alkis Togias, Stephen R. Durham
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2021)

IntroductionThere is no detailed comparison of allergen-specific immunoglobulin responses following sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) and subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT).ObjectiveWe sought to compare nasal and systemic timothy grass pollen (TGP)-specific antibody responses during 2 years of SCIT and SLIT and 1 year after treatment discontinuation in a double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled trial.MethodsNasal fluid and serum were obtained yearly (per-protocol population, n = 84). TGP-specific IgA1, IgA2, IgG4, IgG, and IgE were measured in nasal fluids by ELISA. TGP-specific IgA1, IgA2, and Phleum pratense (Phl p)1, 2, 4, 5b, 6, 7, 11, and 12 IgE and IgG4 were measured in sera by ELISA and ImmunoCAP, respectively.ResultsAt years 2 and 3, TGP-IgA1/2 levels in nasal fluid were elevated in SLIT compared with SCIT (4.2- and 3.0-fold for IgA1, 2.0- and 1.8-fold for IgA2, respectively; all P < .01). TGP-IgA1 level in serum was elevated in SLIT compared with SCIT at years 1, 2, and 3 (4.6-, 5.1-, and 4.7-fold, respectively; all P < .001). Serum TGP-IgG level was higher in SCIT compared with SLIT (2.8-fold) at year 2. Serum TGP-IgG4 level was higher in SCIT compared with SLIT at years 1, 2, and 3 (10.4-, 27.4-, and 5.1-fold, respectively; all P < .01). Serum IgG4 levels to Phl p1, 2, 5b, and 6 were increased at years 1, 2, and 3 in SCIT and SLIT compared with placebo (Phl p1: 11.8- and 3.9-fold; Phl p2: 31.6- and 4.4-fold; Phl p5b: 135.5- and 5.3-fold; Phl p6: 145.4- and 14.7-fold, respectively, all at year 2 when levels peaked; P < .05). IgE to TGP in nasal fluid increased in the SLIT group at year 2 but not at year 3 compared with SCIT (2.8-fold; P = .04) and placebo (3.1-fold; P = .02). IgA to TGP and IgE and IgG4 to TGP components stratified participants according to treatment group and clinical response.ConclusionsThe observed induction of IgA1/2 in SLIT and IgG4 in SCIT suggest key differences in the mechanisms of action.
Impact of Baseline and On-Treatment Glycemia on Everolimus-Exemestane Efficacy in Patients with Hormone Receptor–Positive Advanced Breast Cancer (EVERMET)
Authors: Claudio Vernieri, Federico Nichetti, Luca Lalli, Luca Moscetti, Carlo Alberto Giorgi, Gaia Griguolo, Antonio Marra, Giovanni Randon, Carmen G. Rea, Francesca Ligorio, Simone Scagnoli, Claudia De Angelis, Chiara Molinelli, Agnese Fabbri, Emanuela Ferraro, Dario Trapani, Andrea Milani, Elisa Agostinetto, Ottavia Bernocchi, Giovanna Catania, Amelia Vantaggiato, Michela Palleschi, Anna Moretti, Debora Basile, Marika Cinausero, Arta Ajazi, Lorenzo Castagnoli, Salvatore Lo Vullo, Lorenzo Gerratana, Fabio Puglisi, Nicla La Verde, Grazia Arpino, Andrea Rocca, Mariangela Ciccarese, Rebecca Pedersini, Alessandra Fabi, Daniele Generali, Agnese Losurdo, Filippo Montemurro, Giuseppe Curigliano, Lucia Del Mastro, Andrea Michelotti, Enrico Cortesi, Valentina Guarneri, Giancarlo Pruneri, Luigi Mariani, Filippo de Braud
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract Purpose: The mTOR complex C1 (mTORC1) inhibitor everolimus in combination with the aromatase inhibitor exemestane is an effective treatment for patients with hormone receptor—positive (HR+), HER2-negative (HER2−), advanced breast cancer (HR+/HER2− aBC). However, everolimus can cause hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, which could reactivate the PI3K/protein kinase B (AKT)/mTORC1 pathway and induce tumor resistance to everolimus. Experimental Design: We conducted a multicenter, retrospective, Italian study to investigate the impact of baseline and on-treatment (i.e., during first 3 months of therapy) blood glucose levels on progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with HR+/HER2− aBC treated with everolimus-exemestane. Results: We evaluated 809 patients with HR+/HER2− aBC treated with everolimus-exemestane as any line of therapy for advanced disease. When evaluated as dichotomous variables, baseline and on-treatment glycemia were not significantly associated with PFS. However, when blood glucose concentration was evaluated as a continuous variable, a multivariable model accounting for clinically relevant patient- and tumor-related variables revealed that both baseline and on-treatment glycemia are associated with PFS, and this association is largely attributable to their interaction. In particular, patients who are normoglycemic at baseline and experience on-treatment diabetes have lower PFS compared with patients who are already hyperglycemic at baseline and experience diabetes during everolimus-exemestane therapy (median PFS, 6.34 vs. 10.32 months; HR, 1.76; 95% confidence interval, 1.15–2.69; P = 0.008). Conclusions: The impact of on-treatment glycemia on the efficacy of everolimus-exemestane therapy in patients with HR+/HER2− aBC depends on baseline glycemia. This study lays the foundations for investigating novel therapeutic approaches to target the glucose/insulin axis in combination with PI3K/AKT/mTORC1 inhibitors in patients with HR+/HER2− aBC.
The first heart sound in left bundle branch block: an echophonocardiographic study.
Authors: G WBurggraf
Journal: Circulation (1981)

To examine the nature of the first heart sound in left bundle branch block (LBBB), 26 patients with LBBB were studied using echophonocardiography. Apexcardiograms and systolic time intervals were also obtained from these patients and the results were compared with 20 normal subjects. Mitral closure preceded tricuspid closure by 0.02-0.04 second in 19 of the 20 normal subjects. In contrast, in subjects with LBBB there was a variable delay in mitral closure so that in seven subjects the sequence of mitral and tricuspid closure was normal, in 11 it was reversed compared wih the normal group, and in eight closure of both valves was simultaneous. The interval from the onset of ventricular depolarization to mitral closure was 0.074 +/- 0.019 (mean +/- SD) for the patients with LBBB and 0.057 +/- 0.008 second for the normal group (p < 0.001). With LBBB the first sound tended to be of reduced intensity and separate mitral and tricuspid components could not be identified. Systolic time intervals and the apexcardio...