tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Papua New Guinean Genomes Reveal the Complex Settlement of North Sahul
Authors: Nicolas Brucato, Mathilde André, Roxanne Tsang, Lauri Saag, Jason Kariwiga, Kylie Sesuki, Teppsy Beni, William Pomat, John Muke, Vincent Meyer, Anne Boland, Jean-François Deleuze, Herawati Sudoyo, Mayukh Mondal, Luca Pagani, Irene Gallego Romero, Mait Metspalu, Murray P Cox, Matthew Leavesley, François-Xavier Ricaut
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2021)

The settlement of Sahul, the lost continent of Oceania, remains one of the most ancient and debated human migrations. Modern New Guineans inherited a unique genetic diversity tracing back 50,000 years, and yet there is currently no model reconstructing their past population dynamics. We generated 58 new whole-genome sequences from Papua New Guinea, filling geographical gaps in previous sampling, specifically to address alternative scenarios of the initial migration to Sahul and the settlement of New Guinea. Here, we present the first genomic models for the settlement of northeast Sahul considering one or two migrations from Wallacea. Both models fit our data set, reinforcing the idea that ancestral groups to New Guinean and Indigenous Australians split early, potentially during their migration in Wallacea where the northern route could have been favored. The earliest period of human presence in Sahul was an era of interactions and gene flow between related but already differentiated groups, from whom all modern New Guineans, Bismarck islanders, and Indigenous Australians descend. The settlement of New Guinea was probably initiated from its southeast region, where the oldest archaeological sites have been found. This was followed by two migrations into the south and north lowlands that ultimately reached the west and east highlands. We also identify ancient gene flows between populations in New Guinea, Australia, East Indonesia, and the Bismarck Archipelago, emphasizing the fact that the anthropological landscape during the early period of Sahul settlement was highly dynamic rather than the traditional view of extensive isolation.
Risk of Pancreatitis Following Biliary Stenting With/Without Endoscopic Sphincterotomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Shin Kato, Masaki Kuwatani, Manabu Onodera, Taiki Kudo, Itsuki Sano, Akio Katanuma, Minoru Uebayashi, Kazunori Eto, Mitsuharu Fukasawa, Shunpei Hashigo, Takuji Iwashita, Makoto Yoshida, Yoko Taya, Hiroshi Kawakami, Hironari Kato, Yousuke Nakai, Kasen Kobashigawa, Shuhei Kawahata, Susumu Shinoura, Kei Ito, Kimitoshi Kubo, Hiroaki Yamato, Kazuo Hara, Iruru Maetani, Tsuyoshi Mukai, Goro Shibukawa, Takao Itoi
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2021)
In patients with COVID-19, viral shedding time is 17 d and varies in some subgroups
Authors: Zain Chagla
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2021)

Source CitationYan D, Zhang X, Chen C, et al. Characteristics of viral shedding time in SARS-CoV-2 infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health. 2021;9:652842. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33816427/AbstractClinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Emergency Med: Hospitalists: Infectious Disease: Critical Care: Public Health:
New-generation endocytoscopy with CM double staining for optical characterization of colon sessile serrated adenoma
Authors: Wen-Lun Wang, Hsiu-Po Wang, Ming-Lun Han, Ching-Tai Lee
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

New-generation endocytoscopy (single lens, continuous zoom) enables in vivo ultra-high magnification (520 ×) for visualization at the cellular level and allows a precise pathological prediction of gastrointestinal (GI) neoplasia [1].
Spinosad at 0.9% in the treatment of scabies: Efficacy results from 2 multicenter, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled studies
Authors: Jeffrey C. Seiler, Richard C. Keech, Julie L. Aker, William Miller, Christopher Belcher, Kerry W. Mettert
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2021)

Scabies is a contagious skin disease resulting from Sarcoptes scabiei infestation. There are no approved over-the-counter treatments, and approved prescription products have disadvantages, including potential resistance. Spinosad, an insecticide derived from fermentation of a soil actinobacterium, shows promise as a potential treatment agent.Combined results from 2 controlled clinical studies were used to evaluate the efficacy of 0.9% spinosad topical suspension in the eradication of scabies.Each study included index subjects (the youngest household members with active scabies) and up to 5 other members in each household. Subjects applied 0.9% spinosad or vehicle once. Primary efficacy was the percentage of index subjects with complete cure on day 28. Additional efficacy included clinical cure, microscopic cure, and lesion counts.Spinosad at 0.9% is not equivalent to vehicle in the percentage of index subjects achieving complete cure on day 28 (78.1% vs 39.6%, respectively; P < .0001; n = 206). Additional efficacy analyses confirmed the consistent treatment effect of 0.9% spinosad. No safety signals were observed.The studies used small sample sizes to assess equivalency.Spinosad at 0.9% performed better than vehicle in the treatment of scabies in these studies of subjects of 4 years of age or older following 1 application of study drug.
25825 Increased urine phthalate metabolites are associated with atopic dermatitis in US adults
Authors: Youkyung Sophie Roh, Sagar P. Patel, Kyle A. Williams, Nishadh H. Sutaria, Justin Choi, Jordan R. Pollock, Natalia Fontecilla Biles, Shawn G. Kwatra
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2021)
Inhaled corticosteroids in early COVID‐19—A tale of many facets
Authors: Ludger Klimek, Cezmi A. Akdis, Marek Jutel, Torsten Zuberbier, Jean Bousquet
Journal: Allergy (2021)

Dr. Klimek reports grants and personal fees from Allergopharma, grants and personal fees from MEDA/Mylan, personal fees from HAL Allergie, grants from ALK Abelló, grants and personal fees from LETI Pharma, grants from Stallergenes, grants from Quintiles, grants and personal fees from Sanofi, grants from ASIT biotech, grants from Lofarma, personal fees from Allergy Therapeut., grants from AstraZeneca, grants from GSK, grants from Inmunotk, personal fees from Cassella med, outside the submitted work; and Membership: AeDA, DGHNO, Deutsche Akademie für Allergologie und klinische Immunologie, HNO-BV, GPA, EAACI. Dr. Akdis reports grants from Allergopharma, grants from Idorsia, grants from Swiss National Science Foundation, grants from Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, grants from European Commission's Horison's 2020 Framework Programme, Cure, grants from Novartis Research Institutes, grants from Astra Zeneca, grants from Scibase, other from Sanofi/Regeneron, grants from Glakso Smith-Kline, other from Scibase, outside the submitted work. Dr. Jutel reports personal fees from Astra-Zeneka, personal fees from GSK, personal fees from Novartis, personal fees from Teva, personal fees from Chiesi, outside the submitted work. Dr. Zuberbier reports personal fees from AstraZeneca, personal fees from AbbVie, personal fees from ALK, personal fees from Almirall, personal fees from Astellas, personal fees from Bayer Health Care, personal fees from Bencard, personal fees from Berlin Chemie, personal fees from FAES, personal fees from HAL, personal fees from Leti, personal fees from Meda, personal fees from Menarini, personal fees from Merck, personal fees from MSD, grants and personal fees from Novartis, personal fees from Pfizer, personal fees from Sanofi, personal fees from Stallergenes, personal fees from Takeda, personal fees from Teva, personal fees from UCB, grants and personal fees from Henkel, personal fees from Kryolan, personal fees from L´Oréal, outside the submitted work; and Organizational affiliations: Commitee member: WHO-Initiative "Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma" (ARIA); Member of the Board: German Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology (DGAKI); Board Chairman: European Centre for Allergy Research Foundation (ECARF); President: Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA2LEN); Member: Committee on Allergy Diagnosis and Molecular Allergology, World Allergy Organization (WAO). Dr. Bousquet has nothing to disclose.
Antimicrobial resistance genes and clonal success in Escherichia coli isolates causing bloodstream infection – Authors’ reply
Authors: Rebecca A Gladstone, Alan McNally, Pål J Johnsen, Ørjan Samuelsen, Jukka Corander
Journal: The Lancet Microbe (2021)

We are pleased that the data from our study1 were readily used by Lipworth and colleagues1 to further inform on Escherichia coli bloodstream infections. We would like to stress our conclusion was that antimicrobial resistance is not essential or necessary for clonal success, for which it is not ruled out as one of many determinants of a clone's competitiveness.
Cancer Epigenetics
Authors: Rodolphe Taby, Jean-Pierre J Issa
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2010)

Epigenetics refers to stable alterations in gene expression with no underlying modifications in the genetic sequence and is best exemplified by differentiation, in which multiple cell types diverge physiologically despite a common genetic code. Interest in this area of science has grown over the past decades, especially since it was found to play a major role in physiologic phenomena such as embryogenesis, imprinting, and X chromosome inactivation, and in disease states such as cancer. The latter had been previously thought of as a disease with an exclusive genetic etiology. However, recent data have demonstrated that the complexity of human carcinogenesis cannot be accounted for by genetic alterations alone, but also involves epigenetic changes in processes such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNA expression. In turn, these molecular alterations lead to permanent changes in the expression of genes that regulate the neoplastic phenotype, such as cellular growth and invasiveness. Targeting epigenetic modifiers has been referred to as epigenetic therapy. The success of this approach in hematopoietic malignancies validates the importance of epigenetic alterations in cancer, not only at the therapeutic level but also with regard to prevention, diagnosis, risk stratification, and prognosis.
Interconnections between circadian clocks and metabolism
Authors: Dongyin Guan, Mitchell A. Lazar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2021)

Circadian rhythms evolved through adaptation to daily light/dark changes in the environment; they are believed to be regulated by the core circadian clock interlocking feedback loop. Recent studies indicate that each core component executes general and specific functions in metabolism. Here, we review the current understanding of the role of these core circadian clock genes in the regulation of metabolism using various genetically modified animal models. Additionally, emerging evidence shows that exposure to environmental stimuli, such as artificial light, unbalanced diet, mistimed eating, and exercise, remodels the circadian physiological processes and causes metabolic disorders. This Review summarizes the reciprocal regulation between the circadian clock and metabolism, highlights remaining gaps in knowledge about the regulation of circadian rhythms and metabolism, and examines potential applications to human health and disease.
Human gastric microbiota transplantation recapitulates premalignant lesions in germ-free mice
Authors: Soon-Kyeong Kwon, Jun Chul Park, Kwang H Kim, Jaekyung Yoon, Yejin Cho, Buhyun Lee, Jin-Jae Lee, Haengdueng Jeong, Yeseul Oh, Sung-Hee Kim, So Dam Lee, Bo Ram Hwang, Yusook Chung, Jihyun F Kim, Ki Taek Nam, Yong Chan Lee
Journal: Gut (2021)

Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Although microbes besides Helicobacter pylori may also contribute to gastric carcinogenesis, wild-type germ-free (GF) mouse models investigating the role of human gastric microbiota in the process are not yet available. We aimed to evaluate the histopathological features of GF mouse stomachs transplanted with gastric microbiota from patients with different gastric disease states and their relationships with the microbiota.Microbiota profiles in corpus and antrum tissues and gastric fluid from 12 patients with gastric dysplasia or GC were analysed. Thereafter, biopsied corpus and antrum tissues and gastric fluid from patients (n=15 and n=12, respectively) with chronic superficial gastritis, intestinal metaplasia or GC were inoculated into 42 GF C57BL/6 mice. The gastric microbiota was analysed by amplicon sequencing. Histopathological features of mouse stomachs were analysed immunohistochemically at 1 month after inoculation. An independent set of an additional 15 GF mice was also analysed at 1 year.The microbial community structures of patients with dysplasia or GC in the corpus and antrum were similar. The gastric microbiota from patients with intestinal metaplasia or GC selectively colonised the mouse stomachs and induced premalignant lesions: loss of parietal cells and increases in inflammation foci, in F4/80 and Ki-67 expression, and in CD44v9/GSII lectin expression. Marked dysplastic changes were noted at 1 year post inoculation.Major histopathological features of premalignant changes are reproducible in GF mice transplanted with gastric microbiota from patients with intestinal metaplasia or GC. Our results suggest that GF mice are useful for analysing the causality of associations reported in human gastric microbiome studies.
Cabotegravir for HIV Prevention in Cisgender Men and Transgender Women
Authors: Raphael J. Landovitz, Deborah Donnell, Meredith E. Clement, Brett Hanscom, Leslie Cottle, Lara Coelho, Robinson Cabello, Suwat Chariyalertsak, Eileen F. Dunne, Ian Frank, Jorge A. Gallardo-Cartagena, Aditya H. Gaur, Pedro Gonzales, Ha V. Tran, Juan C. Hinojosa, Esper G. Kallas, Colleen F. Kelley, Marcelo H. Losso, J. Valdez Madruga, Keren Middelkoop, Nittaya Phanuphak, Breno Santos, Omar Sued, Javier Valencia Huamaní, Edgar T. Overton, Shobha Swaminathan, Carlos del Rio, Roy M. Gulick, Paul Richardson, Philip Sullivan, Estelle Piwowar-Manning, Mark Marzinke, Craig Hendrix, Maoji Li, Zhe Wang, Jeanne Marrazzo, Eric Daar, Aida Asmelash, Todd T. Brown, Peter Anderson, Susan H. Eshleman, Marcus Bryan, Cheryl Blanchette, Jonathan Lucas, Christina Psaros, Steven Safren, Jeremy Sugarman, Hyman Scott, Joseph J. Eron, Sheldon D. Fields, Nirupama D. Sista, Kailazarid Gomez-Feliciano, Andrea Jennings, Ryan M. Kofron, Timothy H. Holtz, Katherine Shin, James F. Rooney, Kimberly Y. Smith, William Spreen, David Margolis, Alex Rinehart, Adeola Adeyeye, Myron S. Cohen, Marybeth McCauley, Beatriz Grinsztejn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

Safe and effective long-acting injectable agents for preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are needed to increase the options for preventing HIV infection.
Randomized Trial of a Third Dose of mRNA-1273 Vaccine in Transplant Recipients
Authors: Victoria G. Hall, Victor H. Ferreira, Terrance Ku, Matthew Ierullo, Beata Majchrzak-Kita, Cecilia Chaparro, Nazia Selzner, Jeffrey Schiff, Michael McDonald, George Tomlinson, Vathany Kulasingam, Deepali Kumar, Atul Humar
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

A Third Vaccine Dose in Organ-Transplant Recipients It is known that people receiving immune suppressive therapy, such as recipients of solid-organ transplants, have a suboptimal response to SARS-C...
Avapritinib Versus Regorafenib in Locally Advanced Unresectable or Metastatic GI Stromal Tumor: A Randomized, Open-Label Phase III Study
Authors: Yoon-Koo Kang, Suzanne George, Robin L. Jones, Piotr Rutkowski, Lin Shen, Olivier Mir, Shreyaskumar Patel, Yongjian Zhou, Margaret von Mehren, Peter Hohenberger, Victor Villalobos, Mehdi Brahmi, William D. Tap, Jonathan Trent, Maria A. Pantaleo, Patrick Schöffski, Kevin He, Paggy Hew, Kate Newberry, Maria Roche, Michael C. Heinrich, Sebastian Bauer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

Primary or secondary mutations in
Gun Violence Researchers Are Making Up for 20 Years of Lost Time
Authors: Alicia Ault
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ANP32B-mediated repression of p53 contributes to maintenance of normal and CML stem cells
Authors: Shuo Yang, Xiao-Na Zhu, Hui-Lin Zhang, Qian Yang, Yu-Sheng Wei, Di Zhu, Meng-Di Liu, Shao-Ming Shen, Li Xia, Ping He, Meng-Kai Ge, Yi-Lian Pan, Meng Zhao, Ying-Li Wu, Jun-Ke Zheng, Guo-Qiang Chen, Yun Yu
Journal: Blood (2021)
Bioengineered optogenetic model of human neuromuscular junction
Authors: Olaia F. Vila, Miguel Chavez, Stephen P. Ma, Keith Yeager, Lyandysha V. Zholudeva, Jennifer M. Colón-Mercado, Yihuai Qu, Trevor R. Nash, Carmen Lai, Carissa M. Feliciano, Matthew Carter, Roger D. Kamm, Luke M. Judge, Bruce R. Conklin, Michael E. Ward, Todd C. McDevitt, Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
Journal: Biomaterials (2021)
A planetary health perspective on synthetic methionine
Authors: Cajetan Neubauer, Hannah Landecker
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2021)

Methionine is an amino acid that humans and farm animals must derive from food. This metabolite, a tightly regulated resource in ecosystems, has become a mass commodity in the global economy, with well over 1 million tons being produced annually from petroleum to fortify livestock feed. Viewed from the standpoint of planetary health, anthropogenic methionine synthesis is an important enabler of low-cost animal protein production, with interdependent but unexamined effects on human health and ecosystems. At a time when agrochemical engineering is shifting the way sulphur is assimilated and moves up our food chain, research suggests that dietary methionine restriction alone captures many healthspan benefits noted with calorie restriction. As such, methionine synthesis is an excellent exemplar of planetary scale anthropogenic activity that manifests at the molecular scale of cellular metabolism, with potential systemic effects on human health. In this Personal View we establish the scale and historical trajectory of the methionine industry and provide a preliminary model for tracing this amino acid through the food supply into the human body. We draw together insights across disparate publications of applied animal agriculture, human nutrition, and biomedical research to call for cross-disciplinary dialogue on responsible use of methionine-augmentation technologies.
Usefulness of a Sequencing Panel in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Lacking Mutations in Driver Genes
Authors: Pamela Acha, Marisol Xandri, Francisco Fuster-Tormo, Laura Palomo, Blanca Xicoy, Marta Cabezón, Silvia Marcé, Francesc Sole, Lurdes Zamora
Journal: Blood (2017)
28611 Improving African American enrollment in hidradenitis suppurativa clinical trials: A clinical and research staff perspective
Authors: Chidubem A.V. Okeke, Mahima Bhayana, Faith C. Simmonds, Uchechukwu J. Okoh, Azure B. Erskine, Jessica D. Perry, William D. Shipman, Janyla A. Seltzer, Jane Otado, Ginette A. Okoye, Angel S. Byrd
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2021)
Returning to work following critical illness: milestone or millstone?
Authors: Bronwen Connolly
Journal: Thorax (2021)

The journey of survivorship for patients following critical illness is often lengthy, complex and characterised by an individualised spectrum of multidomain impairment. Returning to work may be viewed as an important landmark for patients in their recovery journey, a metric of success that distinguishes those patients recovering sufficiently ‘well’ from those in whom continued restorative rehabilitation is required. For many of us, our jobs, our professional roles or trades, are closely linked to our sense of self-identity and responsibility within our families and society. Work can provide a feeling of purpose, motivation, and value, as well as being a financial necessity, and for patients successfully returning to work following critical illness, a sense of being ‘back to normal’ may resonate. Conceptually, return to work (RTW) is a marker of societal participation, involvement in a ‘life situation’.1 However, for many patients, the persistent legacy of physical, cognitive, psychological, and other sequelae associated with their critical illness experience represents such a burden of disability,1 that returning to work feels like, and often is, a distant and unachievable task. Less a milestone indicating onward progression along the survivorship road, and more like the proverbial millstone, weighing heavily as another indicator that the life before critical illness is far removed from the life that exists after .

Certainly, data from recent years bear witness to this scenario. Prevalence of RTW in previously employed survivors …
A tailored extracellular matrix (ECM) - Mimetic coating for cardiovascular stents by stepwise assembly of hyaluronic acid and recombinant human type III collagen
Authors: Li Yang, Haoshuang Wu, Lu Lu, Qing He, Boting Xi, Hongchi Yu, Rifang Luo, Yunbing Wang, Xingdong Zhang
Journal: Biomaterials (2021)
光熱療法を促進するためにオートファジー抑制剤を負荷したビスマス埋め込みシリカナノ粒子【JST・京大機械翻訳】
Authors: Chen Tong, Cen Dong, Ren Zhaohui, Wang Yifan, Cai Xiujun, Huang Jie, Di Silvio Lucy, Li Xiang, Han Gaorong
Journal: Biomaterials (2019)
A multigenomic liquid biopsy biomarker for neuroendocrine tumor disease outperforms CgA and has surgical and clinical utility
Authors: I.M. Modlin, M. Kidd, M. Falconi, P.L. Filosso, A. Frilling, A. Malczewska, C. Toumpanakis, G. Valk, K. Pacak, L. Bodei, K.E. Öberg
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
自己免疫慢性活動性肝炎におけるLeu-3A+8+、サプレッサーインデューサー細胞(TSI)の選択的な減少
Authors: Katoh T, Yamauchi K, Komatsu T, Kamogawa Y, Furukawa T, Kurihara T, Hayashi N, Hisamitsu T, Obata H
Journal: Hepatology (1987)