tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cross-Reactive Neutralizing Antibody Responses Elicited by SARS-CoV-2 501Y.V2 (B.1.351)
Authors: Thandeka Moyo-Gwete, Mashudu Madzivhandila, Zanele Makhado, Frances Ayres, Donald Mhlanga, Brent Oosthuysen, Bronwen E Lambson, Prudence Kgagudi, Houriiyah Tegally, Arash Iranzadeh, Deelan Doolabh, Lynn Tyers, Lionel R Chinhoyi, Mathilda Mennen, Sango Skelem, Gert Marais, Constantinos K Wibmer, Jinal N Bhiman, Veronica Ueckermann, Theresa Rossouw, Michael Boswell, Tulio de Oliveira, Carolyn Williamson, Wendy A Burgers, Ntobeko Ntusi, Lynn Morris, Penny L Moore
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

Cross-Reactive Antibody Responses Elicited by the 501Y.V2 Variant Convalescent serum from persons who had recovered from infection with 501Y.V2 (B.1.351), a SARS-CoV-2 variant first identified in S...
Multiple connexins colocalize in canine ventricular myocyte gap junctions.
Authors: H LKanter, J GLaing, E CBeyer, K GGreen, J ESaffitz
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

We have recently shown that adult canine ventricular myocytes express three distinct gap junction channel proteins, connexin40 (Cx40), connexin43 (Cx43), and connexin45 (Cx45). These proteins have unique cytoplasmic domains that likely confer connexin-specific physiological properties. To determine whether the three distinct channel proteins are distributed in identical or different populations of gap junctions, we performed double-label immunofluorescence on disaggregated canine ventricular myocytes incubated simultaneously with a mouse monoclonal anti-Cx43 and affinity-purified polyclonal rabbit antibodies against Cx40 or Cx45. Analysis of double-labeled cardiac myocytes using laser scanning confocal microscopy revealed virtually identical patterns of immunoreactivity for both the Cx43/Cx40 and Cx43/Cx45 pairs. Double-label immunoelectron microscopy confirmed that ultrastructurally identified cardiac myocyte gap junctions contain multiple channel proteins. Thus, three channel proteins colocalize in cani...
Vascular and adrenal receptors for atrial natriuretic factor in the rat.
Authors: E LSchiffrin, LChartier, GThibault, JSt-Louis, MCantin, JGenest
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

Previous studies have shown that atrial natriuretic factor, a powerful vasorelaxant of precontracted vessels, inhibits the secretion of aldosterone stimulated by angiotensin II, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and potassium. We now report the presence of specific binding sites for atrial natriuretic factor in rat blood vessels (mesenteric and renal arteries) and adrenal capsules. Radioiodinated synthetic atrial natriuretic factor bound to a single class of high-affinity (KD = 0.1 nM) low-capacity receptors in a particulate fraction from blood vessels and adrenals. Unrelated peptides did not displace atrial natriuretic factor. Fragments of atrial natriuretic factor displaced the labeled ligand with decreasing potency after cleavage at the N-terminal. The cleavage of the C-terminal tyrosine did not decrease the potency of atrial natriuretic factor, but further cleavage at the C-terminal dramatically reduced the affinity of the resulting peptides. The potency of the atrial natriuretic factor fragments in the ra...
ISPOR Reporting Guidelines for Comparative Effectiveness Research
Authors: Nader N. Massarweh, Jason S. Haukoos, Amir A. Ghaferi
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2021)

This Guide to Statistics and Methods summarizes the key characteristics, strengths, and limitations of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) reporting guidelines for comparative effectiveness research studies using nonrandomized, secondary data sources.
Influence of left ventricular function on outcome of patients treated with implantable defibrillators.
Authors: S GKim, J DFisher, C WChoue, JGross, JRoth, K JFerrick, RBrodman, SFurman
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDThe outcomes of patients treated with implantable defibrillators were compared between patients with left ventricular ejection fraction greater than or equal to 30% and less than 30%.METHODS AND RESULTSOf 68 consecutive patients treated with implantable defibrillators, 40 patients (group 1) had left ventricular ejection fraction greater than or equal to 30%, and 28 patients (group 2) had left ventricular ejection fraction less than 30%. Sudden death, surgical mortality, nonsudden arrhythmia-related death (death within 24 hours after an arrhythmic event despite initial termination of the arrhythmia by the implantable defibrillator), total arrhythmia-related death (including sudden death, surgical death, and nonsudden arrhythmia-related death), and total cardiac death were compared between the two groups. Surgical mortality was 4.4% (0% in group 1, 11% in group 2). During the follow-up of 31 +/- 27 months, actuarial survival rates free of events were 97%, 97%, and 97% in group 1 and 96%, 91%, and ...
Voltage dependence of intracellular [Ca2+]i transients in guinea pig ventricular myocytes.
Authors: LBarcenas-Ruiz, W GWier
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

[Ca2+]i transients, elicited by voltage-clamp depolarization of single guinea pig cardiac ventricular cells, were observed through use of the fluorescent Ca2+ indicator, fura-2. Individual cells, loaded with fura-2 either by internal perfusion or by exposure to fura-2/AM, were studied with the use of an inverted microscope that was equipped with ultraviolet epifluorescence illumination, an intensified silicon intensifier target camera, and a photomultiplier tube. Variation of membrane voltage and exposure of cells to verapamil (a Ca2+ channel blocker) and ryanodine (which was assumed to abolish selectively the release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum) were used to investigate the cellular processes that determine the [Ca2+]i transient. The principal results of the study are: When appropriate methods are used, the properties of cytosolic fura-2 inside guinea pig cells are similar to those of fura-2 in solution, irrespective of the method of loading. The amplitude (at 100 msec) of verapamil-sensitive...
Fibrolipoma of the mitral valve in a child. Clinical and echocardiographic features.
Authors: PBarberger-Gateau, MPaquet, DDesaulniers, JChenard
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Echocardiographic examination, performed in a 12-year-old boy who had signs of mitral regulation, showed the presence of an abnormal mass of echoes in the left atrium and mitral orifice. These were initially interpreted as representing an atrial myxoma. Surgical exploration showed that the tumor originated from the posterior leaflet of the mitral valve, and, microscopically, the lesion was diagnosed as a fibrolipoma. The clinical and echocardiographic features of this unique type of cardiac tumor are discussed.
Identification of Isolated Hepatic Sarcoidosis With 18F-FDG PET/CT and MRI
Authors: Evyn Arnfield, David A. Pattison
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

Abstract A 69-year-old woman presented with symptomatic hypercalcemia and deranged liver function. 18 F-FDG PET/CT showed intense confluent avidity throughout the hepatic parenchyma, which was an isolated abnormality. Subsequent MRI demonstrated a diffuse infiltrative hepatic abnormality, with percutaneous liver biopsy findings consistent with hepatic sarcoidosis.
The Treatment of Hyperthyroidism
Authors: Solomon Silver
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In the editorial of April 10, the author states, "Every major center uses repeated doses of<sup>131</sup>I.... and this often requires doses in excess of 100 mc and four or more doses." In my report<sup>1</sup>including toxic nodular goiters, 1,101 patients received fewer than four doses, 86 received four and 63 more than four. As our experience is increased, the need for these multiple doses has decreased markedly. Doses of 10 mc or less were received by 596 patients, 180 received between 10 and 20 mc, and 76 between 20 and 30 mc. This hardly justifies a statement that doses in excess of 100 mc are often required. No one denies that the incidence of myxedema is high after<sup>131</sup>I therapy, but this is the only proved undesirable result and one that is readily treated by replacement therapy. The editorial avoids the problems encountered
Endothelin induces a nonselective cation current in vascular smooth muscle cells.
Authors: CChen, P KWagoner
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

The potent vasoconstrictor endothelin leads to smooth muscle cell depolarization and increases in intracellular Ca2+. Although effects of endothelin on calcium channels have been described, it also has been speculated that endothelim may activate additional ion channels. The purpose of the present study was to identify an alternative ion current that could play a role in depolarizing cells in response to vasoconstrictors like endothelin and vasopressin. The effects of endothelin, vasopressin, sarafotoxin S6b, and phenylephrine were assessed using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings from primary dissociated rat aortic or mesenteric arterial smooth muscle cells cultured for 24-72 hours. From the usual resting potentials of these cells of -50 to -60 mV, endothelin (1-100 nM) induced a depolarization via an increase in membrane conductance. This depolarization was phasic, oscillating repeatedly from the resting potential to a relatively depolarized level and back to the resting potential. From a holding potenti...
Decellularized Disc Hydrogels for hBMSCs tissue-specific differentiation and tissue regeneration
Authors: Yizhong Peng, Xiangcheng Qing, Hui Lin, Donghua Huang, Jinye Li, Shuo Tian, Sheng Liu, Xiao Lv, Kaige Ma, Rui Li, Zilong Rao, Ying Bai, Songfeng Chen, Ming Lei, Daping Quan, Zengwu Shao
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)

Tissue specificity, a key factor in the decellularized tissue matrix (DTM), has shown bioactive functionalities in tuning cell fate—e.g., the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Notably, cell fate is also determined by the living microenvironment, including material composition and spatial characteristics. Herein, two neighboring tissues within intervertebral discs, the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF), were carefully processed into DTM hydrogels (abbreviated DNP-G and DAF-G, respectively) to determine the tissue-specific effects on stem cell fate, such as specific components and different culturing methods, as well as in vivo regeneration. Distinct differences in their protein compositions were identified by proteomic analysis. Interestingly, the fate of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) also responds to both culturing methods and composition. Generally, hBMSCs cultured with DNP-G (3D) differentiated into NP-like cells, while hBMSCs cultured with DAF-G (2D) underwent AF-like differentiation, indicating a close correlation with the native microenvironments of NP and AF cells, respectively. Furthermore, we found that the integrin-mediated RhoA/LATS/YAP1 signaling pathway was activated in DAF-G (2D)-induced AF-specific differentiation. Additionally, the activation of YAP1 determined the tendency of NP- or AF-specific differentiation and played opposite regulatory effects. Finally, DNP-G and DAF-G specifically promoted tissue regeneration in NP degeneration and AF defect rat models, respectively. In conclusion, DNP-G and DAF-G can specifically determine the fate of stem cells through the integrin-mediated RhoA/LATS/YAP1 signaling pathway, and this tissue specificity is both compositional and spatial, supporting the utilization of tissue-specific DTM in advanced treatments of intervertebral disc degeneration.
Hemodynamic effects of nitroprusside and hydralazine in experimental cardiac tamponade.
Authors: N OFowler, MGabel, J CHolmes
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Cardiac tamponade is associated with decreased cardiac output and increased systemic vascular resistance. Thus, vasodilator drugs might lower systemic resistance and increase cardiac output. Three groups of dogs were studied during tamponade. Group I received nitroprusside only; group II received blood transfusion and then nitroprusside; group III received hydralazine. In group I, nitroprusside lowered right artrial pressure and systemic resistance; cardiac output was unchanged. In group II, transfusion raised right atrial pressure but not cardiac output. Then nitroprusside raised cardiac output significantly. Hydralazine decreased right atrial pressure less than nitroprusside but decreased vascular resistance and raised cardiac output. Both nitroprusside and hydralazine decreased systemic vascular resistance during tamponade, but only hydralazine raised cardiac output probably because of its lesser effect upon the capacitance vessels. Nitroprusside maintained cardiac output during tamponade despite lower...
Quality In Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography: Utility Of A Prospective Database To Monitor Adherence To Quality Indicators
Authors: F de Sousa Damião, C Noronha Ferreira, M Moura, C Freitas, P Costa, R Rios Crespo, J Rita Carvalho, R Palma, A Marques, A Almeida, L Carrilho Ribeiro, R Tato Marinho
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims To evaluate the technical performance and adherence to quality indicators in ERCP practice in a tertiary referral center.
Myocardial injury and induction of arrhythmia by direct current shock delivered via endocardial catheters in dogs.
Authors: B BLerman, J LWeiss, B HBulkley, L CBecker, M LWeisfeldt
Journal: Circulation (1984)

Although electrical ablation of ventricular tachycardia via percutaneous catheters has been recently accomplished in human beings, little is known of its pathologic or arrhythmogenic effects. We studied 21 open-chest anesthetized dogs in which an endocardial electrode catheter was percutaneously introduced into the left ventricle. Direct current (DC) shock was delivered by a standard defibrillator through the distal electrode to a back paddle. Cross-sectional two-dimensional echocardiographic studies were performed in the plane of the catheter (confirmed by epicardial metal beads), and blood flow was determined by the microsphere technique before DC shock and when the animals were killed 2 to 8 days later. Of 11 dogs receiving a total of 100 to 400 J, only three survived 48 hr compared with nine of 10 receiving 50 J and all three control dogs. Holter monitoring demonstrated sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) (greater than or equal to 30 sec) in all 11 dogs monitored (six received greater than or equal...
Decidualization-derived cAMP regulates phenotypic and functional conversion of decidual NK cells from CD56dimCD16− NK cells
Authors: Xueling Jin, Liyuan Cui, Weijie Zhao, Xinyi Li, Lu Liu, Yanhong Li, Qiang Fu, Dajin Li, Min Yu, Meirong Du
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2021)
The natural history of regional dysfunction in a canine preparation of chronic infarction.
Authors: E FGibbons, R DHogan, T DFranklin, MNolting, A EWeyman
Journal: Circulation (1985)

We used a canine preparation of experimental infarction to study the natural course of echocardiographically defined regional wall motion abnormalities in the 6 weeks after acute coronary ligation. Eight dogs underwent serial short-axis echocardiographic evaluation and microsphere blood flow determinations at control, and 30 min, 48 hr, 1 week, 3 weeks, and 6 weeks after acute coronary artery ligation. Wall motion analysis and blood flow calculations were applied to 10 degree radial segments of the left ventricle (short axis) and correlated to the size and extent of infarction as defined histologically at 6 weeks. All animals had at least 50% transmural histologic infarction. The ratio of flow in infarcted tissue vs noninfarcted myocardium fell to 0.40 +/- 0.13 for endocardium and 0.56 +/- 0.13 for epicardium at 30 min after ligation, but recovered to 0.83 +/- 0.15 for endocardium and 1.12 +/- 0.11 for epicardium by 6 weeks. The maximum circumferential extent of abnormal regional wall motion was observed ...
Aminergic histofluorescence and contractile responses to transmural electrical field stimulation and norepinephrine of human middle cerebral arteries obtained promptly after death.
Authors: J WDuckworth, G CWellman, C LWalters, J ABevan
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

The responses of cerebral arteries to catecholamines and sympathetic nerve stimulation show wide variation between animal species. We examined the catecholaminergic histofluorescence and the contractile responses elicited by transmural electrical field stimulation and norepinephrine (NE) in proximal segments of human middle cerebral artery (MCA) obtained during autopsy. Twenty-four percent of the specimens were obtained within 2 hours and 76% within 4 hours of death. A moderately dense catecholaminergic histofluorescence was seen in all segments of human MCA using the glyoxylic acid technique, counterstained with pontamine sky blue. However, only seven of 35 (20%) MCA segments tested showed tetrodotoxin-blocked transmural electrical field stimulation contractions, and all of these were harvested within 4 hours of death. The responses were mostly seen in the most proximal MCA segments and, at 32 Hz, only achieved 6 +/- 1% of the maximal tissue contraction. NE caused two distinct responses in human MCA segm...
Echocardiographic evaluation of ventricular septal aneurysms.
Authors: A RSnider, N HSilverman, N BSchiller, T APorts
Journal: Circulation (1979)

The spontaneous closure of ventricular septal defects is frequently associated with septal aneurysm formation. In this paper we discuss the M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiographic findings in nine children with aneurysms of the ventricular septum in association with ventricular septal defects. In all patients the diagnosis was confirmed by angiography. The ventricular septal aneurysms were detected by both M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiography. With M-mode echocardiography, septal aneurysms could be recognized by a pattern of multiple systolic echoes within the right ventricle. With two-dimensional echocardiography, the protrusion of the septal aneurysm into the right ventricle could be seen from several views and the location and the relative size of the aneurysm assessed. Echocardiographic techniques useful in the detection of ventricular septal aneurysms are discussed and examples presented.
Electrophysiologic testing in assessment of therapy with sotalol for sustained ventricular tachycardia.
Authors: JSenges, WLengfelder, RJauernig, ECzygan, JBrachmann, IRizos, SCobbe, WKübler
Journal: Circulation (1984)

Eighteen patients with sustained ventricular tachycardia underwent electrophysiologic studies to establish the therapeutic efficacy of sotalol. In each patient ventricular tachycardia could be reproducibly initiated by programmed stimulation during control studies. Sotalol prevented induction of sustained ventricular tachycardia in 12 of the 18 patients (67%). Prolongation of the QTC interval and of ventricular refractoriness was regularly observed after sotalol but did not reliably predict prophylactic efficacy. Severe adverse effects, including congestive heart failure and sinus node dysfunction, were noted early during sotalol therapy in three patients. Nine patients were placed on long-term oral treatment with sotalol and four patients on another effective agent. In these 13 patients, complete (12 patients) or partial (one patient) long-term prophylaxis against ventricular tachycardia was documented over a mean follow-up period of 16 months (range 8 to 24). The study suggests that sotalol can provide ...
Prognostic value of infranodal conduction time in patients with chronic bundle branch block.
Authors: M MScheinman, R WPeters, GModin, MBrennan, CMies, JO'Young
Journal: Circulation (1977)

His bundle recordings were obtained in 121 patients with chronic bundle branch block and the patients were followed for a mean period of 18 months. Seventy-nine patients had an infranodal conduction time (H-Q) less than 70 msec while 42 had H-Q greater than or equal to 70 msec. There was no significant difference in mean age, smoking history, diabetes, syncope, dizziness, blood pressure, and serum cholesterol or triglyceride levels between the two groups. There was a significantly greater incidence of progresssion to second degree or third degree atrioventricular block (9/42, 21%), and of severe congestive heart failure (16/42, 38%) in patients with H-Q greater than or equal to 70 compared with those with H-Q less than 70 (1/79, 1.3%; and 13/79, 16%, respectively). The risk of sudden death was significantly greater only in the group with H-Q greater than or equal to 70 and severe congestive heart failure. There was no correlation between the presence of first degree atrioventricular block and/or any parti...
Characteristics of Copayment Offsets for Prescription Drugs in the United States
Authors: Aditi P. Sen, So-Yeon Kang, Emaan Rashidi, Devoja Ganguli, Gerard Anderson, G. Caleb Alexander
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2021)

Despite ongoing debate regarding the high prices that patients pay for prescription drugs, to our knowledge, little is known regarding the use of coupons, vouchers, and other types of copayment "offsets" that reduce patients' out-of-pocket drug spending. Although offsets reduce patients' immediate cost burden, they may encourage the use of higher-cost products and diminish health insurers' ability to optimize pharmaceutical value.To examine the drugs most commonly covered by offsets, the percentage of out-of-pocket costs covered by offsets, and the characteristics of patients using offsets for retail pharmacy transactions in the United States in 2017 through 2019.A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted of a 5% nationally random sample of anonymized pharmacy claims from IQVIA's Formulary Impact Analyzer, which captures more than 60% of all US pharmacy transactions. This analysis focused on 631 249 individuals who used at least 1 offset between October 1, 2017, and September 30, 2019.Offset source, types of drugs covered by offsets, offset dollar value and percentage of out-of-pocket payment covered, and county characteristics of offset recipients.The 631 249 individuals in the study (361 855 female participants [57.3%]; mean [SD] age, 45.7 [18.6] years) had approximately 33 million prescription fills, of which 12.8% had an offset used. Of these, 50.2% originated from a pharmaceutical manufacturer, 47.2% originated from a pharmacy or pharmacy benefit manager (PBM), and 2.6% originated from a state assistance program. A total of 80.0% of manufacturer-sponsored offsets were concentrated among 6.2% of unique products, and 79.9% of pharmacy-PBM offsets were concentrated among 4.9% of unique products. Most manufacturer offsets (88.2%) were for branded products, while most pharmacy-PBM offsets were for generic products (90.5%). The median manufacturer offset was $51.00, covering 87.1% of out-of-pocket costs; the median pharmacy-PBM offset was $16.30, covering 39.3% of out-of-pocket costs. There was no meaningful association between offset magnitude and county-level income, health insurance coverage, or race/ethnicity.In this analysis of patient-level pharmacy claims from 2017 to 2019, approximately half of all offsets involved pharmacy-PBM contractual arrangements, and half were offered by manufacturers. All offsets were associated with a significant reduction in patients' out-of-pocket costs, were highly concentrated among a few drugs, and were generally not more generous among individuals in counties with lower income or larger Black or uninsured populations.