tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical Usefulness of Nasopharyngeal Airway (NPA) In Snoring Patients During Gastric Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection
Authors: J Seo, YT Jeen, EJ Bang, YW Ha, KW Lee, SH Kim, HJ Jeon, JM Lee, HS Choi, ES Kim, B Keum, HS Lee, HJ Chun
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims When sedative ESD is performed, snoring or sleep apnea sometimes occurs, which can lead to SpO2 decrease. Snoring increases the movement of the diaphragm. Result in increased movement of target lesion during procedure. This makes Knife difficult to cut in the desired position. There is a study suggesting that the use of NPA improves the reduction of SpO2 in sedative endoscopy.
Treatment of hypertension with nifedipine, a calcium antagonistic agent.
Authors: M TOlivari, CBartorelli, APolese, CFiorentini, PMoruzzi, M DGuazzi
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Hemodynamic monitoring after a single dose (10 mg) of nifedipine in 27 primary hypertensive subjects (diastolic pressure greater than 110 mm Hg) documented that this calcium antagonistic agent exerts a potent arteriolar vasodilating action, which results in prompt (-21% of control at 30 minutes) and persistent (-16% of control at 120 minutes) fall in mean arterial pressure associated with a rise in cardiac output and pulse rate. The same patients received oral treatment for 3 weeks. Hourly pressure readings showed that 1) the antihypertensive response to each dose lasts 8--12 hours; and 2) nifedipine every 6 hours significantly reduced blood pressure throughout the 24 hours, without postural hypotension. Side effect were short-lasting (headache in five patients, palpitation without arrhythmias in eight patients, burning sensation in the face and legs in five patients and sporadic extrasystoles in five patients) and tended to disappear with continued treatment. Development of drug resistance, sodium retent...
Combined Treatment with JQ1 and Curcumin Synergically Modulates Apoptosis, Cell Cycle Features, Micrornas and Gene Expression in High-Risk Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
Authors: Patrizia Vitullo, Pier Paolo Leoncini, Valeria Tocco, Angela Pitisci, Daniela Montagna, Pigazzi Martina, Paolo Fadda, Dario Veneziano, Giovanni Nigita, Mario Scarpa, Katia D'Ovidio, Rossella Rota, Alice Bertaina
Journal: Blood (2017)
Pterygoid Base Pneumatization Simulating Residual Disease—A Pitfall of Structural Imaging in Juvenile Nasal Angiofibroma
Authors: Pirabu Sakthivel, Alok Thakar, Hitesh Verma, Ashu Seith Bhalla, Sreedharan Thankarajan Arunraj, Rakesh Kumar
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

Abstract As prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression is universal in juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma, it is commonly used for specifically differentiating recurrences from surgical site reparative tissues. Postoperative contrast-enhanced MRI revealed a residual disease in the left pterygoid base, but there was no PET/CT uptake with 68 Ga-labeled PSMA at the same site. In retrospect, in comparison with preoperative PET/CT, it was found that the pterygoid base pneumatization was showing enhancement in contrast-enhanced MRI and not in functional PSMA. Postoperative 68 Ga-PSMA PET/CT is a useful clinical tool in ambivalent diagnostic conditions avoiding morbidities.
Prolonged left ventricular ejection time in the post-premature beat. A sensitive sign of idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis.
Authors: C WWhite, T JZimmerman
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Failure of the pulse pressure to increase in the post-premature beat is considered characteristic of idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (IHSS). The sensitivity and specificity of this response were compared to the change in left ventricular ejection time (LVET) in 12 patients with IHSS, in ten control patients with valvular aortic stenosis (AS) and in five normal subjects. The post-PVC pulse pressure increased in all normals and in nine of the ten patients with AS. In IHSS this response was inconsistent. A positive Brockenbrough sign was seen in only 33%. On the other hand, LVET increased greater than 20 msec in eleven of twelve patients with IHSS, whereas all normal subjects and all patients with AS showed either decreases in LVET or increases smaller than 20 msec. Prolongation of the LVET during the post-PVC beat greater than 20 msec appears, therefore, to be a more sensitive sign of IHSS than the corresponding change in pulse pressure.
Myocarditis mimicking Takotsubo cardiomyopathy or Takotsubo cardiomyopathy with secondary inflammation?: reply
Authors: Alida L.P. Caforio, Francesco Tona, Annalisa Vinci, Angelo Ramondo, Luisa Cacciavillani, Loira Leoni, Sabino Iliceto, Fiorella Calabrese, Gaetano Thiene, Annalisa Angelini, Francesco Corbetti
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2009)
Stroke prevention in sickle cell disease (stop): Final results
Authors: R. Adams, D. Brambilla, V. McKie, B. Files, E. Vichinsky, M. Abboud, L. Hsu, C. Pegelow, G. Woods, S. Miller, W. Wang, N. Olivieri, B. Berman, A. Hurlet, S. Piomelli, C. Driscoll
Journal: Blood (2000)
Asymptomatic left ventricular aneurysm: a sequela of blunt chest trauma.
Authors: H ABerkoff, G GRowe, A BCrummy, D RKahn
Journal: Circulation (1977)

A routine chest X-ray taken four months after blunt chest trauma revealed a left ventricular aneurysm in a totally asymptomatic patient. At surgery a thin-walled, clot-filled aneurysm was successfully removed. This case demonstrates the need for careful follow-up of all patients sustaining blunt chest trauma even though the initial cardiac evaluation may be negative. Our feeling that all such aneurysms should be treated surgically is further reinforced by our operative findings.
Flow-mediated and reflex changes in large peripheral artery tone in humans.
Authors: E AAnderson, A LMark
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Studies of peripheral blood vessels in humans have focused primarily on regulation of blood flow and vascular resistance, which are thought to reflect small vessel caliber. Recent studies in animals have identified flow-mediated and neurogenic changes in large artery diameter. This study tested for flow-mediated dilatation and reflex constriction of the brachial artery in humans. A dual-crystal pulsed Doppler system was used to measure brachial artery diameter and blood flow proximal to the antecubital fossa. To test for flow-mediated dilatation, flow through the brachial artery was altered by an occluding cuff placed on the forearm distal to the site of brachial artery flow and diameter measurement. Control blood flow was 123 +/- 20 ml/min, and brachial artery diameter was 4.74 +/- 0.17 mm (mean +/- SEM). By inflating the distal occluding cuff (distal circulatory arrest), flow was reduced through the brachial artery to 21 +/- 5 ml/min (p less than 0.005), and brachial artery diameter was reduced to 4.35 ...
Locoregional Therapies for Bridging and Downstaging Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prior to Liver Transplant
Authors: Sandeep A. Ponniah, Andreas G. Zori, Roniel Cabrera
Journal: Liver Cancer (2021)

Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common primary liver malignancy and is a common indication for liver transplantation. To qualify for liver transplantation, the size and number of tumors must be within established criteria. The Milan criteria is the most well-established of these criteria, however there is evidence these criteria can be safely expanded without affecting outcomes. While awaiting liver transplantation, locoregional therapy can be used as bridging therapy to maintain the tumor burden within criteria. Locoregional therapy can also be used to decrease tumor burden within transplant criteria, a process called downstaging. For tumors <3 cm, thermal ablation—most commonly using a radio-frequency probe—is preferred when feasible and offers tumor control approaching that of resection. Larger or multifocal lesions are usually treated with either trans-arterial chemoembolization or yttrium-90 trans-arterial radioembolization. The choice between these two interventions is generally based on institutional preference as neither has demonstrated survival advantage in the transplant population. However, single center trials show longer time to progression, improved downstaging success, and less microvascular invasion in patients treated with trans-arterial radioembolization. More recently stereotactic body radiation therapy has demonstrated efficacy in patients who are not candidates for other locoregional therapy or have progressed despite prior locoregional therapy.
Shall The Journal be Removed to Washington?
Authors: F. E. Yoakum
Journal: JAMA (1891)

I thought he must be suffering from a dislocation, and asked him to allow me to examine the joint.I did not give him ether in the reduction of it.I told him we would first break up the adhesions if he was willing to stand it.He agreed to this, and after the adhesions were broken up, the dislo¬ cation was reduced very readily.I did not give an anaesthetic.Another case, a man fell from a moving train, falling on his shoulder and simply stated to the physician that he had fallen off the train and struck his shoulder.The physician did not look for a dislocation.It was allowed to go for about ten days.So that I think it is always necessary to inquire carefully, and in some cases to use an anaesthetic when in doubt.
Pathophysiological correlates of increased serum tumor necrosis factor in patients with congestive heart failure. Relation to nitric oxide-dependent vasodilation in the forearm circulation.
Authors: S DKatz, RRao, J WBerman, MSchwarz, LDemopoulos, RBijou, T HLeJemtel
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDTumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha), which we and others have shown to be elevated in patients with severe congestive heart failure (CHF), is involved in the regulation of nitric oxide metabolism. Whether increased concentrations of TNF alpha affect nitric oxide-mediated vasodilation in patients with CHF has not been studied previously.METHODS AND RESULTSSerum concentrations of TNF alpha, interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were determined in venous blood (pg/mL) from 17 patients with stable New York Heart Association classes II and III CHF (mean age, 58 +/- 11 years; mean left ventricular ejection fraction, 19.5 +/- 7.3) and 17 age-matched normal subjects with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (detection limit of assays, 20 pg/mL). Forearm blood flows were determined with plethysmography (mL/min per 100 mL) in 17 patients and 7 normal subjects in response to brachial artery administration of graded concentrations of acetylcholine (10(-6) mol/L and 10(-5) mo...
Computers for Transplantation
Authors: D. Pratt, S. M. Rosen, P. H. Smith, G. Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Cardiac Failure and Folate Deficiency SIR,-Your interesting leading article on cardiac failure and folate deficiency (24 January, p. 188) commented on the possible causes of this association, and factors like impaired dietary intake and gastrointestinal malabsorption were mentioned.A contributory cause could well be excessive folate loss in the urine.Urinary folate excretion has been poorly studied, but we recently re- ported an unexpected increase of urinary folate in association with congestive cardiac failure.'As much as 61 6,tg.folate was lost per day, while normal controls excreted 0-1-18-0,ug.folate per day.Urinary folate loss is unlikely to be the sole cause of folate deficiency in these patients, but could well be an important contributory factor in a patient with pro- longed anorexia.One could speculate that excessive urinary folate results from ab- normal folate liberation secondary to the liver damage of chronic congestive failure.Urinary folate excretion is increased in cirrhosis and acute hepatitis' and also after surgical trauma.2-Iam, etc.,
The Next Decade of Immune Checkpoint Therapy
Authors: Padmanee Sharma, Bilal A. Siddiqui, Swetha Anandhan, Shalini S. Yadav, Sumit K. Subudhi, Jianjun Gao, Sangeeta Goswami, James P. Allison
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2021)

Immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) can provide durable clinical responses and improve overall survival. However, only subsets of patients with specific tumor types respond to ICT. Thus, significant challenges remain, including understanding pathways of resistance, optimizing patient selection, improving management of immune-related adverse events, and identifying rational therapeutic combinations. These challenges will need a focused approach encompassing both clinical and basic research, with the integration of reverse translational studies. This integrated approach will lead to identification of potential targets for subsequent clinical trials, which will guide decisions as we develop novel combination strategies to maximize efficacy and minimize toxicities for patients. SIGNIFICANCE: ICTs induce durable antitumor responses for subsets of patients with cancer. Recent evidence suggests that rational combinatorial strategies can improve response by overcoming primary and adaptive resistance mechanisms, although these may carry an increased risk of immune-mediated toxicities. This review surveys the current understanding of mechanisms of response and resistance to ICTs and active areas of investigation, and proposes a path forward to improving efficacy and minimizing toxicities through better patient selection and rational combinations.
Right ventricular concentric hypertrophy and left ventricular dilatation by ductal constriction in fetal rats.
Authors: KMomma, ATakao
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Fetal cardiac changes due to ductal constriction by maternal ingestion of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were studied morphologically in near-term rats as an animal model, and results were compared with values of control 1 (C1, twenty-first day) and control 2 (C2, twenty-second day). The fetal ductus was constricted (-70%) (p less than 0.05) by maternal administration of 10 mg/kg indomethacin. Dilatation of the right ventricle and evidence of congestive heart failure including increased pericardial effusion (+200%) (p less than 0.05) and an increase in water content in the abdominal wall were present at 1, 4, and 8 hours after drug administration. At 24 hours after drug administration, concentric right ventricular hypertrophy was shown by a diminished right ventricular cavity (-36% vs. C2) (p less than 0.05), increased right ventricular wall thickness (+70% vs. C2) (p less than 0.05), and increased right ventricular mass (+31% vs. C1) (p less than 0.05). Left ventricular dilatation was indicated by ...
Treatment Guidelines for Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism
Authors: James F. Marks
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The article by Dr Singer and colleagues<sup>1</sup>fails to discuss the treatment of congenital hypothyroidism diagnosed and treated in the newborn period. Because of almost universal screening for this condition, this omission is serious. Physicians treating hypothyroid newborns with the 4-μg/kg dose of levothyroxine recommended for children (on page 811 of the article) would be undertreating their patients. Such a dose is fine for a 6-year-old child with acquired disease, but not for a newborn in whom 8 to 10 μg/kg would be a more appropriate starting dose.
Effectiveness and Safety of Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Warfarin in Patients With Valvular Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Ghadeer K. Dawwas, Eric Dietrich, Adam Cuker, Geoffrey D. Barnes, Charles E. Leonard, James D. Lewis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2021)

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are increasingly used in place of warfarin, but evidence about their effectiveness and safety in patients with valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) remains limited.To assess the effectiveness and safety of DOACs compared with warfarin in patients with valvular AF.New-user retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study.U.S.-based commercial health care database from 1 January 2010 to 30 June 2019.Adults with valvular AF who were newly prescribed DOACs or warfarin.The primary effectiveness outcome was a composite of ischemic stroke or systemic embolism. The primary safety outcome was a composite of intracranial or gastrointestinal bleeding.Among a total of 56 336 patients with valvular AF matched on propensity score, use of DOACs (vs. warfarin) was associated with lower risk for ischemic stroke or systemic embolism (hazard ratio [HR], 0.64 [95% CI, 0.59 to 0.70]) and major bleeding events (HR, 0.67 [CI, 0.63 to 0.72]). The results for the effectiveness and safety outcomes remained consistent for apixaban (HRs, 0.54 [CI, 0.47 to 0.61] and 0.52 [CI, 0.47 to 0.57], respectively) and rivaroxaban (HRs, 0.74 [CI, 0.64 to 0.86] and 0.87 [CI, 0.79 to 0.96], respectively); with dabigatran, results were consistent for the major bleeding outcome (HR, 0.81 [CI, 0.68 to 0.97]) but not for effectiveness (HR, 1.03 [CI, 0.81 to 1.31]).Relatively short follow-up; inability to ascertain disease severity.In this comparative effectiveness study using practice-based claims data, patients with valvular AF who were new users of DOACs had lower risks for ischemic stroke or systemic embolism and major bleeding than new users of warfarin. These data may be used to guide risk-benefit discussions regarding anticoagulant choices for patients with valvular AF.None.
Angiotensin converting enzyme and malignant histiocytosis.
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Binder concluded that insulin is a micro- vascular vasoconstrictor.Circulating insulin has general cardiovascular effects unrelated to its hypoglycaemic action, which have been attributed to hypovolaemia perhaps caused by stimulation of endothelial transport of plasma proteins4 rather than to changes in vascular tone.Insulin, however, has a local vasodilator effect in the isolated rat tail, apparently due to antagonism of nora- drenaline mediated vasoconstriction.5Any local vasoactivity of insulin in the intact human is hard to demonstrate as the standard clinical method of blood flow measurement, that of isotope washout,6 is invalidated by high local insulin concentrations that could interfere with partition of the marker isotope between tissue and blood.7We applied photoelectric plethysmography, a non-invasive optical method, to measure changes in blood flow close to sites of subcutaneous injection of insulin. 8In normal and stable diabetic patients subcutaneous injection of insulin produced variable increases in local blood flow lasting up to 60 minutes.Since control injections of insulin diluent did not have this effect this local hyperaemia appears to be due to intrinsic local vasodilator activity of insulin itself. 9More recently other workers have used laser doppler flowmetry, a technique similar to photoelectric plethysmography, to show that circulating insulin is a microvascular vasodilator.'IThe balance of evidence therefore seems to favour insulin having an intrinsic vasodilator and hyperaemic action.Through this action insulin could promote its own absorption; conversely, the apparent failure of insulin to exert this effect in certain patients with brittle diabetes9 could impair absorption in these patients, some of whom seem to have a barrier to subcutaneous insulin absorption.
Alteration of endothelium-dependent distribution of myocardial blood flow after coronary occlusion and reperfusion.
Authors: L RPelc, J CGarancis, G JGross, D CWarltier
Journal: Circulation (1990)

We have previously demonstrated that intracoronary infusion of the endothelium-dependent vasodilators acetylcholine, ATP, or arachidonic acid produces a preferential increase in subendocardial blood flow in anesthetized dogs. This study was performed to assess the effects of coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion on the distribution of myocardial blood flow produced by endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilators. The endothelium was damaged by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 45 minutes followed by 60 minutes of reperfusion in pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs. Intracoronary infusions of the endothelium-dependent vasodilators acetylcholine, bradykinin and thiazolylethylamine or the endothelium-independent vasodilator sodium nitroprusside were performed, and regional myocardial blood flow (by radioactive microspheres) was measured before and after occlusion and reperfusion. There were no changes in systemic hemodynamics during intracoronary infusion of vasod...
Human ventricular refractoriness. Effects of cycle length, pacing site and atropine.
Authors: S BGuss, J AKastor, M EJosephson, D LSchare
Journal: Circulation (1976)

The effective refractory period of the right ventricle (ERP-V) was measured in 27 patients during atrial or ventricular pacing using the ventricular extra stimulus method. Pacing was conducted with impulses of 1.5-2 times diastolic threshold. The ERP-V was directly related to the basic cycle length (BCL) although the ERP-V was always greater for atrial pacing than for ventricular pacing at a given BCL. The ratio ERP-V/BCL was greater at shorter cycle lengths indicating that a larger fraction of the cycle was refractory at faster heart rates. The ratio ERP-V/QT interval did not change over a range of BCLs, but the ratio was larger for atrial pacing (.77 +/- .05 SD) than for ventricular pacing (.60 +/- .05). Atropine (1 mg i.v.) was given to six patients. The drug did not affect the ERP-V in six of eleven determinations, prolonged ERP-V twice and shortened it slightly three times. Measurements were reproducible over an hour but varied at a given BCL when measured on separate days. Asymptomatic repetitive be...
Direct detection of endogenous hydroxyl radical production in cultured adult cardiomyocytes during anoxia and reoxygenation. Is the hydroxyl radical really the most damaging radical species
Authors: M AKhalid, MAshraf
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

Isolated adult rat cardiac myocytes were subjected to anoxia and substrate deprivation for 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes and reoxygenation for 120 seconds. The supernatant and cell extract were analyzed for hydroxyl radicals (.OH) with high-performance liquid chromatography using salicylate as a trapping agent. The production of intracellular H2O2 as a possible precursor of .OH was also documented using the fluorescent probe dichlorofluorescein diacetate. The release of the cytosolic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) formation were used as cell injury markers. Trypan blue and horseradish peroxidase stains were used as markers for altered membrane permeability. Maximum formation of .OH was observed in myocytes subjected to 15 minutes of anoxia/reoxygenation (2.83 +/- 0.27 nmol/mg protein), at which time no injury was observed at light and ultramicroscopic levels. On the other hand, there was no correlation between the amount of .OH production and different parameters of cell in...
Everolimus for the Prevention of Calcineurin-Inhibitor-Induced Left Ventricular Hypertrophy After Heart Transplantation (RADTAC Study)
Authors: Chris Anthony, Muhammad Imran, Jim Pouliopoulos, Sam Emmanuel, James W. Iliff, Kirsten J. Moffat, Joanne Ross, Robert M. Graham, Eugene Kotlyar, Kavitha Muthiah, Anne M. Keogh, Christopher S. Hayward, Peter Macdonald, Andrew Jabbour
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2021)