tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Social and Cultural Challenges in Caring for Latinx Individuals With Kidney Failure in Urban Settings
Authors: Lilia Cervantes, Katherine Rizzolo, Alaina L. Carr, John F. Steiner, Michel Chonchol, Neil Powe, Daniel Cukor, Romana Hasnain-Wynia
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

<h3>Importance</h3> Latinx individuals with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) constitute 19% of US patients receiving in-center scheduled hemodialysis. Compared with non-Latinx White patients, Latinx individuals often face poor economic, environmental, and living circumstances. The challenges for health care professionals engendered by these circumstances when Latinx individuals present with ESKD and possible solutions have not been well described. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine the perceptions of interdisciplinary health care professionals who work in dialysis centers in urban settings with large racial and ethnic minority populations about how social challenges affect the care of Latinx patients with ESKD. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This qualitative study administered semistructured interviews of interdisciplinary health care professionals at 4 urban dialysis centers in Denver, Colorado, from April 1 to June 30, 2019. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analysis. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Themes and subthemes of barriers to care. <h3>Results</h3> Thirty interdisciplinary dialysis center health care professionals (23 [77%] female; mean [SD] age, 42.0 [11.6] years) participated. Four themes were identified. The first 3 themes and their respective subthemes (in parentheses) describe challenges to kidney care: compromised quality of care attributable to communication and cultural barriers (language interpretation by telephone, in-person language interpretation, burden of ad hoc interpretation, low-quality health care, lack of language- and culturally concordant materials, and health literacy levels), difficulty with health care access (unreliable transportation, economic instability, and loss of insurance benefits), and concerns about patient psychosocial well-being (social isolation, hopelessness, stigma of illness, and balancing personal social challenges). The fourth theme describes solutions to improve care (culturally responsive care, patient empowerment and activation, supporting primary caregivers, and peer support with navigation of the health care system). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> This study's findings suggest that dialysis center policies are needed that require high-quality language interpretation and the availability of culturally concordant educational materials. Community-based interventions that improve patient activation and provide peer support as well as culturally responsive care may improve the care of Latinx patients with ESKD receiving in-center scheduled hemodialysis.
MMR Vaccine–Associated Disseminated Measles in an Immunocompromised Adolescent
Authors: Jamie L Stokke, Linda J Szymanski, Bettina Bankamp, Franklin Pratt, Roosecelis Martines, Jennifer Dien-Bard, Sindhu Mohandas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

Fatal Disseminated Measles from the MMR Vaccine A female adolescent being treated for Hodgkin’s lymphoma had febrile neutropenia, diffuse abdominal pain, varicella–zoster infection, recurrent rash,...
Use and Misuse of Quality Indicators to Characterize Screening as <i>Excessive</i>—Reply
Authors: Jodi Simon, Jeffrey Panzer, Christine A. Sinsky
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Abstract 16421: Association of Ldl-c Level With Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease and no History of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Roy O Mathew, Mandeep S Sidhu, Janani Rangaswami, Sripal Bangalore
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: In patients with CKD, baseline LDL-C levels are lower than patients without CKD and this is most pronounced in patients with advanced CKD or on dialysis. It is not known whether the l...
The impact of COVID-19 on breast cancer care: Delays in screening.
Authors: Amina Dhahri, Teshome Tegene
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

130 Background: Breast cancer (BC) screening is an integral part of cancer prevention. COVID-19 posed multiple obstacles on ensuring continuity of cancer care. The short and long-term outcomes of the pandemic on BC screening is unknown. The purpose of this study is to examine the challenges the pandemic has on mammogram completion using a granular measure of social economic deprivation: Area deprivation index (ADI). Methods: A Retrospective cohort study was conducted at an academic hospital system at the epicenter of COVID-19 pandemic comparing BC screening rates during the year of 2019 (pre-COVID19) and 2020 (COVID-19). For the year 2020, only charts between January-February and July-December were reviewed. March-June period was avoided as the USA declared a national emergency and the American Cancer Society recommended to temporarily pause cancer screening. The outcome variable was mammogram completion. The predictor variables were: COVID-19 period, race, insurance, age and ADI. ADI is a validated dataset that ranks census block groups based on socioeconomic deprivation (SED). Chi-square and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to compare categorical and continuous variables by receipt of mammography. A multivariate logistic regression was used for associations between mammogram completion and the predictor variables. Results: A total of 694 patients were deemed eligible for BC screening in the year of 2019 (394) and 2020 (300). During the follow up period, only 106 and 30 patients from the pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 cohorts underwent BC screening, respectively. During the pandemic, 30/30 patients who completed their screening were African Americans and had a high SED. In a multivariable analysis, COVID-19 period is associated with 79% lower odds of mammogram completion (OR 0.21; 95% CI 0.13, 0.35). ADI and race were not associated with higher screening rates. Medicaid status is associated with higher odds of mammogram completion (OR 1.97; 95% CI 1.12, 3.47). Conclusions: COVID-19 caused significant disruption in BC screening. In an area with high SED and high COVID-19 infection rates, private insurance holders and white patients had low rates mammogram completion. One potential explanation is that these patients sought care elsewhere. [Table: see text]
The SARS-CoV-2–neutralizing capacity of kidney transplant recipients 4 weeks after receiving a second dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine
Authors: Rune M. Pedersen, Line L. Bang, Ditte S. Tornby, Helene Kierkegaard, Anna C. Nilsson, Isik S. Johansen, Claus Bistrup, Thøger G. Jensen, Ulrik S. Justesen, Thomas E. Andersen
Journal: Kidney International (2021)
A reporter gene assay for determining the biological activity of therapeutic antibodies targeting TIGIT
Authors: Zhihao Fu, Hongchuan Liu, Lan Wang, Chuanfei Yu, Yalan Yang, Meiqing Feng, Junzhi Wang
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2021)

T cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT) is a novel immune checkpoint that has been considered as a target in cancer immunotherapy. Current available bioassays for measuring the biological activity of therapeutic antibodies targeting TIGIT are restricted to mechanistic investigations because donor primary T cells are highly variable. Here, we designed a reporter gene assay comprising two cell lines, namely, CHO-CD112-CD3 scFv, which stably expresses CD112 (PVRL2, nectin-2) and a membrane-bound anti-CD3 single-chain fragment variable (scFv) as the target cell, and Jurkat-NFAT-TIGIT, which stably expresses TIGIT as well as the nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) response element-controlled luciferase gene, as the effector cell. The anti-CD3 scFv situated on the target cells activates Jurkat-NFAT-TIGIT cells through binding and crosslinking CD3 molecules of the effector cell, whereas interactions between CD112 and TIGIT prevent activation. The presence of anti-TIGIT mAbs disrupts their interaction, which in turn reverses the inactivation and luciferase expression. Optimization and validation studies have demonstrated that this assay is superior in terms of specificity, accuracy, linearity, and precision. In summary, this reliable and effective reporter gene assay may potentially be utilized in lot release control, stability assays, screening, and development of novel TIGIT-targeted therapeutic antibodies.
Future directions for HIV service delivery research: Research gaps identified through WHO guideline development
Authors: Nathan Ford, Ingrid Eshun-Wilson, Wole Ameyan, Morkor Newman, Lara Vojnov, Meg Doherty, Elvin Geng
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2021)

ummary points• Improvements in HIV service delivery are key to bringing countries closer to achieving the target of ending AIDS as a public health threat and situating HIV treatment and care as part of universal healthcare coverage.• The World Health Organization (WHO) guideline development process is recognized as one approach to identifying research gaps.Systematic reviews form the basis of recommendations formulated by an expert guideline development group, which is also tasked to identify research gaps.• The 2021 WHO HIV Service Delivery Guideline process identified 27 research gaps grouped into 8 areas where more research is needed to support enhancement and implementation of the new recommendations across the cascade of care.• Areas covered by the WHO Service Delivery Guideline include antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation outside the health facility, frequency of visits/refills, tracing and reengagement in care, assessing adherence, integration of HIV and sexual and reproductive health services, integration of HIV and diabetes and hypertension care, psychosocial interventions for adolescents, and task sharing of specimen collection and point-ofcare testing.• Key areas identified by the guideline process that could benefit from future research include tools to support ART initiation outside the health facility, outcomes of spacing of clinical visits/drug refills beyond 6 months, tailored support to minimize disengagement and support reengagement along the continuum of care, and accurate, feasible measures of adherence.• Strategies of integration of HIV and sexual and reproductive health services and hypertension and diabetes care, costs and cost-effectiveness of psychological support interventions, the performance of newer point-of-care technologies by nonlaboratory personnel, and the impact of diagnostic integration across disease types were also identified as key areas that would benefit from future research.
Lower brown adipose tissue activity is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease but not changes in the gut microbiota
Authors: Basma A. Ahmed, Frank J. Ong, Nicole G. Barra, Denis P. Blondin, Elizabeth Gunn, Stephan M. Oreskovich, Jake C. Szamosi, Saad A. Syed, Emily K. Hutchings, Norman B. Konyer, Nina P. Singh, Julian M. Yabut, Eric M. Desjardins, Fernando F. Anhê, Kevin P. Foley, Alison C. Holloway, Michael D. Noseworthy, Francois Haman, Andre C. Carpentier, Michael G. Surette, Jonathan D. Schertzer, Zubin Punthakee, Gregory R. Steinberg, Katherine M. Morrison
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2021)

In rodents, lower brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity is associated with greater liver steatosis and changes in the gut microbiome. However, little is known about these relationships in humans. In adults (n = 60), we assessed hepatic fat and cold-stimulated BAT activity using magnetic resonance imaging and the gut microbiota with 16S sequencing. We transplanted gnotobiotic mice with feces from humans to assess the transferability of BAT activity through the microbiota. Individuals with NAFLD (n = 29) have lower BAT activity than those without, and BAT activity is inversely related to hepatic fat content. BAT activity is not related to the characteristics of the fecal microbiota and is not transmissible through fecal transplantation to mice. Thus, low BAT activity is associated with higher hepatic fat accumulation in human adults, but this does not appear to have been mediated through the gut microbiota.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, metabolic goal achievement with incident cardiovascular disease and eGFR-based chronic kidney disease in patients with prediabetes and diabetes
Authors: Mian Li, Zhiyun Zhao, Guijun Qin, Li Chen, Jieli Lu, Yanan Huo, Lulu Chen, Tianshu Zeng, Min Xu, Yuhong Chen, Tiange Wang, Shuangyuan Wang, Yiping Xu, Lixin Shi, Xulei Tang, Qing Su, Xuefeng Yu, Li Yan, Qin Wan, Gang Chen, Zhengnan Gao, Guixia Wang, Feixia Shen, Zuojie Luo, Yinfei Zhang, Chao Liu, Youmin Wang, Ruying Hu, Zhen Ye, Shengli Wu, Huacong Deng, Tao Yang, Qiang Li, Yingfen Qin, Yiming Mu, Jiajun Zhao, Guang Ning, Yufang Bi, Yu Xu, Weiqing Wang
Journal: Metabolism (2021)
Effectiveness and predictors of response to somatostatin analogues in patients with gastrointestinal angiodysplasias: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis
Authors: Lia C M J Goltstein, Karina V Grooteman, Alba Rocco, Grainne Holleran, Santiago Frago, Paulo S Salgueiro, Thomas Aparicio, Giuseppe Scaglione, Stefania Chetcuti Zammit, Raul Prados-Manzano, Robert Benamouzig, Gerardo Nardone, Deirdre McNamara, Mourad Benallaoua, Spyridon Michopoulos, Reena Sidhu, Wietske Kievit, Joost P H Drenth, Erwin J M van Geenen
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2021)
Risk of Bias and Error From Data Sets Used for Dermatologic Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Philipp Tschandl
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Treatment of immune thrombocytopenia in the covid-19 era: Fostamatinib, an oral spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Authors: N. Cooper, A. Charania, A. Hart, C. Ademokun, R. Numerof
Journal: HemaSphere (2021)

Background: Management of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) has become increasingly challenging during the COVID-19 pandemic. Immunosuppressive treatments used to treat ITP can increase the susceptibility of patients to develop COVID-19. Additionally, therapies which increase the risk of thrombosis may not be optimal due to the hypercoagulable state also observed in patients with COVID-19 infection. The need to minimize office visits, to limit potential exposure to the virus, renders therapies requiring intravenous administration or injections as well as treatments requiring frequent titration less suitable. Consequently, ITP management requires careful patient-centric consideration during the pandemic. Aims: To evaluate fostamatinib as an ITP treatment during the COVID- 19 era Methods: Review of the safety data from the phase 3 studies for fostamatinib in ITP as well as titration and mode of administration. Results: Patients (n=146) in the trials had a median age of 53 years (range 20-88), a median of 5 prior ITP treatments, and 229 years of fostamatinib exposure. An increase in platelet count ≥50,000/μL was observed in 54% of patients on fostamatinib treatment. These patients maintained their response to treatment for 86% of treatment days. In the placebo-controlled phase, there was a 2.4-fold difference in duration of exposure to fostamatinib vs. placebo (29 vs. 12 patient-exposure years, respectively). Consequently, the incidence of infections with fostamatinib was somewhat higher than with placebo (27% vs. 21%). The incidence of overall adverse events was similarly higher with fostamatinib vs placebo (83% vs 75%). No patients had opportunistic infections. Office visits can be minimized due to oral administration of fostamatinib and simplified titration. Fostamatinib dosing is initiated at 100mg BID in patients and increased to 150mg BID after 4 weeks if needed. Titration visits are also minimized due to the low incidence of thrombocytosis (1.4% over 5 years). ITP patients have an increased risk of thrombotic events, which may be due to SYK-dependent platelet activation in patients with ITP.2 In the randomized fostamatinib studies, 87% of patients had at least one risk factor for thrombosis, and 58% had multiple risk factors. Over the 62-month study, one (0.7%) thrombotic event was reported: a patient with pre-existing atherosclerosis had a mild transient ischemic attack, which resolved spontaneously. This rate is lower than seen in long-term ITP clinical trials (2-8 years duration), which ranged from 2.6% to 8.9%. Summary/Conclusion: Fostamatinib is an immunomodulatory treatment that elevates platelet counts and may lower the risk of thrombosis in ITP. There is also a reduced need for office visits due to oral administration, simplified titration, and infrequency of thrombocytosis. Fostamatinib is an appropriate therapeutic option for the treatment of ITP in the COVID-19 era.
Diffuse hemispheric glioma, H3 G34-mutant: Genomic landscape of a new tumor entity and prospects for targeted therapy
Authors: Calixto-Hope G Lucas, Sabine Mueller, Alyssa Reddy, Jennie W Taylor, Nancy Ann Oberheim Bush, Jennifer L Clarke, Susan M Chang, Nalin Gupta, Mitchel S Berger, Arie Perry, Joanna J Phillips, David A Solomon
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2021)
Abstract 15734: Medical History of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Patients With Suspected of Coronary Artery Disease: What Does It Mean?
Authors: Hiroki Teragawa, Chikage Oshita, Tomohiro Ueda
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) exhibit GERD-related chest pain as an extra-esophageal symptom that sometimes mimics angina pectoris. We have occasionally experie...
BMA demands meeting with health secretary to tackle abuse of GPs
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2021)

The BMA has called for an urgent meeting with England’s health and social care secretary, Sajid Javid, to tackle a growing tide of abuse against general practices.

In a letter to the health secretary the BMA’s council chair, Chaand Nagpaul, called for a change in the law to increase the maximum sentence for assault against health and emergency workers from 12 months’ imprisonment to two years. He also called for the government and the health secretary to publicly support the profession by condemning “the onslaught of abuse and media scapegoating of GPs and their staff.”

The letter came …
The Modified Pancreatitis Activity Scoring System Shows Distinct Trajectories in Acute Pancreatitis: An International Study
Authors: Pedram Paragomi, Alice Hinton, Ioannis Pothoulakis, Rupjyoti Talukdar, Rakesh Kochhar, Mahesh K. Goenka, Aiste Gulla, Jose A. Gonzalez, Vikesh K. Singh, Miguel Ferreira Bogado, Tyler Stevens, Sorin T. Barbu, Haq Nawaz, Silvia C. Gutierrez, Narcis Zarnescu, Livia Archibugi, Jeffrey J. Easler, Konstantinos Triantafyllou, Mario Peláez-Luna, Shyam Thakkar, Carlos Ocampo, None Enrique de-Madaria, Gregory A. Cote, Peter J. Lee, Somashekar Krishna, Luis F. Lara, Samuel Han, Bechien U. Wu, Georgios I. Papachristou
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2021)
Epigenetic blood biomarkers of ageing and mortality in COPD
Authors: Ana I. Hernandez Cordero, Chen Xi Yang, Stephen Milne, Xuan Li, Zsuzsanna Hollander, Virginia Chen, Raymond Ng, Scott J. Tebbutt, Janice M. Leung, Don D. Sin
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2021)

<b>Epigenetic blood biomarkers of cellular and replicative senescence may improve the clinical assessment of COPD patients, particularly for those at a higher risk of death</b>https://bit.ly/3nEM7tp
Abstract 15193: Impaired Cardiopulmonary Exercise Capacity Predicts Outcomes After Pericardiectomy for Constriction
Authors: Chandra K Ala, Kinjal Banerjee, Paola Barrios, Ahmed Bafadel, Johnny Chahine, Beni R Verma, Alpana Senapati, Kimi Sato, Arnav Kumar, Kenneth Zahka, Luis C Afonso, Rory Hachamovitch, Douglas Johnston, Christine Jellis, Allan L Klein
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Constrictive pericarditis (CP) primarily manifests as right ventricular failure, along with varying degrees of functional impairment. Assessment of ventilatory gas exchange by cardiop...
Characterising the relationships between physiological indicators and all-cause mortality (NHANES): a population-based cohort study
Authors: Vy Kim Nguyen, Justin Colacino, Ming Kei Chung, Alan Le Goallec, Olivier Jolliet, Chirag J Patel
Journal: The Lancet Healthy Longevity (2021)

Mortality risk stratification based on dichotomising a physiological indicator with a cutoff point might not adequately capture increased mortality risk and might not account for non-linear associations. We aimed to characterise the linear and non-linear relationships of 27 physiological indicators with all-cause mortality to evaluate whether the current clinical thresholds are suitable in distinguishing patients at high risk for mortality from those at low risk.