tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mortality in an Emergency-Only Hemodialysis Population from COVID-19 in a Large Safety Net
Authors: Yao Yao, Ravi D. Bhatia, Lauren Kasper, Sarah A. Johnson
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2021)

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has shown to disproportionately impact certain populations highlighting health, economic and social disparities. An especially vulnerable group is the emergency-only hemodialysis (EoHD) patient population at Grady Health System, 91% of whom are Hispanic with a median age of 52. This population initially included 102 EoHD patients followed from 4/2020 to 5/2021. A COVID screening protocol was developed to assess disease prevalence, and patients who tested positive were isolated and treated accordingly. The aim of this study is to estimate the mortality rate in this at-risk population. Methods: From 4/2020 to 5/2021, COVID PCR tests were administered either as scheduled screenings or diagnostically if a patient presented with symptoms;patients testing positive were isolated per health department and hospital policy recommendations. In total 494 PCR tests were performed, and 444 were screening;each patient received an average of 4.8 tests. Hospital admissions, complications, and mortality data were collected and analyzed using statistical software. Results: A total of 102 patients comprised the EoHD cohort at the onset of the study in 4/2020. Of this population, 58 (58%) patients tested positive for COVID and 19 (33%) of these COVID cases required hospitalization. The majority of positive cases (n = 32, 55%) were in asymptomatic patients and detected with screening tests while the remaining were diagnostic results. Eleven (11%) patient deaths occurred during the study, and two (2%) were attributed to COVID related complications. The remaining causes of death included hemorrhagic shock (1), cardiac arrest (1), heart failure (2), and unspecified, non-COVID related illnesses (5). The prevalence of COVID infection in patients who had diabetes and/or hypertension was non-significant (p-value = 0.2). Conclusions: Amongst the EoHD population, the risk of COVID-19 is disproportionately high compared to the general population possibly due to chronic exposure to healthcare settings and socioeconomic disadvantages. One would expect the mortality from COVID to be higher in this cohort as compared to the general population due to ESRD and associated comorbid conditions. However, our results show that COVID attributable deaths in the EoHD population was 2%, which is comparable to the 1.8% mortality rate observed in the general U.S. population.
Assessing Criteria for a Safe Early Discharge After Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery
Authors: Clement Tavernier, Alexandros N. Flaris, Guillaume Passot, Olivier Glehen, Vahan Kepenekian, Eddy Cotte
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2021)

Early discharge after colorectal surgery has been advocated. However, there is little research evaluating clinical and/or laboratory criteria to determine who can be safely discharged early.To evaluate the diagnostic performance of a C-reactive protein (CRP) level combined with 4 clinical criteria in ruling out an anastomotic leak and therefore allowing an early discharge on postoperative day 2 or 3.This prospective, single-center cohort study was performed between February 2012 and July 2017. All consecutive adult patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery were included. All patients were followed up for 30 days postoperatively. Data analysis was performed in May 2021.Whether the 5 discharge criteria were fulfilled on postoperative day 3 (or day 2 for patients discharged on day 2). Fulfillment was defined as a CRP level less than 150 mg/dL on the day of discharge, a return of bowel function, tolerance of a diet, pain less than 5 of 10 on a visual analog scale, and being afebrile during the entire stay.The primary outcome measurement was the diagnostic performance of the 5 discharge criteria in anticipating anastomotic leak development. The diagnostic performance of CRP level alone and 4 clinical criteria alone was also evaluated. Secondary measures were anastomotic leaks and mortality rates up to postoperative day 30. A discharge was successful if the patient left the hospital on postoperative day 2 or 3 without any complications or readmissions.A total of 287 patients were included (median [IQR] age, 58 [20] years; 141 men [49%] and 146 women [51%]). Mortality was 0%. There were 17 anastomotic leaks, of which 2 were on day 1 and were excluded. A total of 128 patients fulfilled all criteria, and 125 did not, including 34 for whom data were missing. Two leaks occurred in patients who had fulfilled all criteria vs 13 leaks in patients who did not (hazard ratio, 0.15 [95% CI, 0.03-0.69]; P = .01). Seventy-six of 128 patients (59.4%) were discharged successfully by postoperative day 3. The negative predictive value in ruling out an anastomotic leak was at least 96.9% for CRP alone (96.9% [95% CI, 93.3%-98.8%]), the 4 clinical criteria (98.4% [95% CI, 95.3%-99.7%]), and all 5 criteria combined (98.4% [95% CI, 94.5%-99.8%]). False-negative rates were 40% (95% CI, 16.3%-67.7%) for CRP level alone, 20% (95% CI, 4.3%-48.1%) for the other 4 criteria, and 13.3% (95% CI, 0%-40.5%) for all 5 criteria.These 5 criteria have a high negative predictive value and the lowest false-negative rate, indicating they have the potential to allow for safe early discharge after laparoscopic colorectal surgery.
TCT-319 Use of Limited Antegrade Subintimal Tracking Technique in Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Judit Karacsonyi, Khaldoon Alaswad, Dimitri Karmpaliotis, Farouc Amin Jaffer, James Choi, Ioannis Tsiafoutis, David Kandzari, Paul Poommipanit, Jaikirshan Khatri, Basem Elbarouni, Robert Riley, Sevket Gorgulu, Spyridon Kostantinis, Bahadir Simsek, Ahmed ElGuindy, Nidal Abi-Rafeh, Omer Goktekin, Imre Ungi, Alessandra Gutierrez, Vennela Avula, Emmanouil Brilakis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
TCT-55 Lifetime Management of Patients With Symptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis: A Computed Tomography Simulation of Serial Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacements
Authors: Giorgio Medranda, Cesar Soria Jimenez, Brian Case, Syed Ali, Corey Shea, Cheng Zhang, Federico Asch, Gaby Weissman, Christian Shults, Hector Garcia-Garcia, Itsik Ben-Dor, Lowell Satler, Ron Waksman, Toby Rogers
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
ADENOSINE 3': 5'-CYCLIC MONOPHOSPHATE PHOSPHODIESTERASE IN SKIN.
Authors: P. D. MIER, E. URSELMANN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Journal Article ADENOSINE 3′: 5′‐CYCLIC MONOPHOSPHATE PHOSPHODIESTERASE IN SKIN: I. MEASUREMENT AND PROPERTIES Get access P. D. MIER, P. D. MIER Department of Dermatology (Prof Dr J. W. H. Mali), University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. URSELMANN E. URSELMANN Department of Dermatology (Prof Dr J. W. H. Mali), University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 86, Issue 2, 1 February 1972, Pages 141–146, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1972.tb16076.x Published: 01 February 1972 Article history Accepted: 15 September 1971 Published: 01 February 1972
Evaluating the reliability of mobility metrics from aggregated mobile phone data as proxies for SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the USA: a population-based study
Authors: Nishant Kishore, Aimee R Taylor, Pierre E Jacob, Navin Vembar, Ted Cohen, Caroline O Buckee, Nicolas A Menzies
Journal: The Lancet Digital Health (2021)

In early 2020, the response to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic focused on non-pharmaceutical interventions, some of which aimed to reduce transmission by changing mixing patterns between people. Aggregated location data from mobile phones are an important source of real-time information about human mobility on a population level, but the degree to which these mobility metrics capture the relevant contact patterns of individuals at risk of transmitting SARS-CoV-2 is not clear. In this study we describe changes in the relationship between mobile phone data and SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the USA.
CXCR2/NF-kappaB/Bcl-2-survivin signalling pathway promotes resistance to oxaliplatin in metastatic prostate cancer cells
Authors: Catherine R. Murphy, Angela Seaton, Pamela Maxwell, Paula Scullin, Patrick Johnston, David Waugh, Simon McDade
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

3741  We have previously demonstrated an elevated expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and IL-8 receptors (CXCR1 and CXCR2) in tumour cells over that in normal epithelium in human prostate biopsy tissue suggesting that prostate cancer cells are subject to elevated autocrine/paracrine signalling. This is most pronounced in AIPC, a stage of prostate cancer also known to be poorly responsive to chemotherapy. The hypothesis of this study is that constitutive IL-8 signalling in PC3 cells may confer a survival advantage and underpin selective resistance of AIPC cells to chemotherapy. All in vitro experiments were conducted in androgen-independent PC3 cells, shown to possess a constitutive IL-8 signalling loop. We demonstrated that IL-8 is a potent activator of the PI3K/Akt pathway, promotes NF-κB binding to DNA and transcriptionally regulates the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and survivin. Interestingly, treatment with L-OHP potentiated IL-8 synthesis and secretion in PC3 cells and increased the expression of the CXCR2 receptor. Inhibition of CXCR2 signalling using a selective receptor antagonist AR166X, blocked IL-8 and L-OHP-induced DNA-binding activity of NF-κB, attenuated IL-8 and L-OHP-induced expression of Bcl-2 and survivin and increased the potency of L-OHP in promoting apoptosis in AIPC cells. Similarly, inhibition of NF-κB activity using a IκK2 inhibitor or suppression of either survivin or Bcl-2 expression using SiRNA strategies resulted in an additive increase in the apoptotic population of cells detected in response to L-OHP by FACS analysis. Concurrent suppression of Bcl-2 and survivin potentiated L-OHP cytotoxicity relative to individual treatments or transfection with scrambled oligonucleotides. Therefore this suggests that the induction of a CXCR2/NF-κB/Bcl-2-survivin signaling pathway in response to IL-8 signalling describes a novel mechanism of resistance to L-OHP by modulating caspase-dependent and caspase-independent apoptosis. Collectively our studies have identified that IL-8 and its receptors play an important role in the progression of prostate cancer disease and the promotion of a chemoresistant phenotype.
Emerging Single‐Atom Catalysts/Nanozymes for Catalytic Biomedical Applications
Authors: Zihao Wang, Fu‐Gen Wu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2021)

Abstract Single‐atom catalysts (SACs) are a type of atomically dispersed nanozymes with the highest atom utilization, which employ low‐coordinated single atoms as the catalytically active sites. SACs not only inherit the merits of traditional nanozymes, but also hold high catalytic activity and superb catalytic selectivity, which ensure their tremendous application potential in environmental remediation, energy storage and conversion, chemical industry, nanomedicine, etc. Nevertheless, undesired aggregation effect of single atoms during preactivation and reaction processes is significantly enhanced owing to the high surface free energy of single atoms. In this case, appropriate substrates are requisite to prevent the aggregation event through the powerful interactions between the single atoms and the substrates, thereby stabilizing the high catalytic activity of the catalysts. In this review, the synthetic methods and characterization approaches of SACs are first described. Then the application cases of SACs in nanomedicine are summarized. Finally, the current challenges and future opportunities of the SACs in nanomedicine are outlined. It is hoped that this review may have implications for furthering the development of new SACs with improved biophysicochemical properties and broadened biomedical applications.
Covid-19: Just a third of blood cancer patients had antibodies against delta variant after two vaccine doses, study finds
Authors: Elisabeth Mahase
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Covid-19: Just a third of blood cancer patients had antibodies against delta variant after two vaccine doses, study finds Elisabeth MahaseFully vaccinated people with cancer who have no history of SARS-CoV-2 infection have much lower levels of neutralising antibodies against the delta variant (54%) than against the original SARS-CoV-2 virus (83%), a study has found. 1 The Capture study, conducted by the Francis Crick Institute and the Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, analysed the immune responses of 585 patients with different types of cancer after they received two doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech or Oxford-AstraZeneca covid-19 vaccine.The researchers found that just 31% of infection naive patients with blood cancer developed neutralising antibodies against the delta variant, compared with 62% of patients with solid cancers.The response was 68% overall in patients who had received the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine and 50% in recipients of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine.Hodes S, Majeed A. Covid-19 vaccines: patients left confused over rollout of third primary doses.
Resilience of the respiratory microbiome in controlled adult RSV challenge study
Authors: Leah Cuthbertson, Phillip James, Maximillian S. Habibi, Ryan S. Thwaites, Allan Paras, Christopher Chiu, Peter J.M. Openshaw, William O.C. Cookson, Miriam F. Moffatt
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2021)

This study of healthy adults revealed no major changes in the bacterial community of the respiratory tracts following RSV inoculation, suggesting that the adult respiratory microbial community is resilient to viral perturbations <https://bit.ly/3AwnMc8>
TCT-139 Use of Steerable Guide Catheter to Improve Intracardiac Ultrasound in Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Edge-to-Edge Repair
Authors: Patrick Gleason, Nikoloz Shekiladze, John Lisko, Joe Xie, Emily Perdoncin, Patricio Alzamora, Jose Binongo, Robert Lederman, Adam Greenbaum, Vasilis Babaliaros
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
In pregnant women with suspected VTE and low/intermediate or unlikely pretest probability, D-dimer rules out VTE at 3 mo
Authors: Noel C. Chan, Jeffrey I. Weitz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2021)

Bellesini M, Robert-Ebadi H, Combescure C, et al. D-dimer to rule out venous thromboembolism during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Thromb Haemost. 2021;19:2454-67. 34161671.
TCT-270 Timing of Invasive Strategy in Non-ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Thomas Kite, Sameer Kurmani, Vasiliki Bountziouka, Nicola Cooper, Selina Lock, Chris Gale, Marcus Flather, Nick Curzen, Adrian Banning, Gerry Mccann, Andrew Ladwiniec
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
移植に適格な多発性骨髄腫患者の最前線治療のためのpanノスタットによるボルtezomib,レナalおよびデキサメタゾン:第1相試験【JST・京大機械翻訳】
Authors: Manasanch Elisabet E, Shah Jatin J, Lee Hans C, Weber Donna M, Thomas Sheeba K, Amini Behrang, Feng Lei, Berkova Zuzana, Hildebrandt Michelle, Orlowski Robert Z
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2018)
National Trends in Heart Failure Hospitalization and Readmissions Associated With Policy Changes—Reply
Authors: Manyoo A. Agarwal, Gregg C. Fonarow, Boback Ziaeian
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Genetic predisposition to increased serum calcium, bone mineral density, and fracture risk in individuals with normal calcium levels: Mendeli
Authors: A. Cerani, S. Zhou, V. Forgetta, J.A. Morris, K. Trajanoska, F. Rivadeneira, S.C. Larsson, K. Michaëlsson, J.B. Richards
Journal: BMJ (2019)

Objective To determine if genetically increased serum calcium levels are associated with improved bone mineral density and a reduction in osteoporotic fractures. Design Mendelian randomisation study. Setting Cohorts used included: The UK Biobank cohort, providing genotypic and estimated bone mineral density data; 25 cohorts from UK, USA, Europe, and China, providing genotypic and fracture data; and 17 cohorts from Europe, providing genotypic and serum calcium data (summary level statistics). Participants A genome-wide association meta-analysis of serum calcium levels in up to 61 079 individuals was used to identify genetic determinants of serum calcium levels. The UK Biobank study was used to assess the association of genetic predisposition to increased serum calcium with estimated bone mineral density derived from heel ultrasound in 426 824 individuals who had, on average, calcium levels in the normal range. A fracture genome-wide association meta-analysis comprising 24 cohorts and the UK Biobank including a total of 76 549 cases and 470 164 controls, who, on average, also had calcium levels in the normal range was then performed. Results A standard deviation increase in genetically derived serum calcium (0.13 mmol/L or 0.51 mg/dL) was not associated with increased estimated bone mineral density (0.003 g/cm 2, 95% confidence interval-0.059 to 0.066; P=0.92) or a reduced risk of fractures (odds ratio 1.01, 95% confidence interval 0.89 to 1.15; P=0.85) in inverse-variance weighted mendelian randomisation analyses. Sensitivity analyses did not provide evidence of pleiotropic effects. Conclusions Genetic predisposition to increased serum calcium levels in individuals with normal calcium levels is not associated with an increase in estimated bone mineral density and does not provide clinically relevant protection against fracture. Whether such predisposition mimics the effect of short term calcium supplementation is not known. Given that the same genetically derived increase in serum calcium is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease, widespread calcium supplementation in the general population could provide more risk than benefit.
Open practices in our science and our courtrooms
Authors: Michael D. Edge, Jeanna Neefe Matthews
Journal: Trends in Genetics (2021)

Advocates of transparency in science often point to the benefits of open practices for the scientific process. Here, we focus on a possibly underappreciated effect of standards for transparency: their influence on non-scientific decisions. As a case study, we consider the current state of probabilistic genotyping software in forensics.
Michael King: prolific researcher and one of the first doctors to “come out”
Authors: John Illman
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Renowned as brilliant, kind, and humorous, Michael King helped to transform University College London’s division of psychiatry into an international centre of excellence. A gay man, he was among the first doctors to “come out.” In characteristic forthright and courageous fashion, he attacked medicine for perceiving homosexuality as a diagnosis to treat. Speaking on a podcast for the University of Melbourne in 2017, he said: “I think it’s been one of the most stigmatising prejudicial things to have happened.”

The popular perception may be that society is increasingly more accepting of diversity, but King questioned how much deep rooted prejudice had been exorcised, fearing that Russia and some east European countries had gone backwards because of their homophobic leaders.

He said: “Homophobia from childhood onwards has severe and long lasting effects, making people vulnerable to suicide, even people who seem to be in stable relationships. Parental attitudes and support is one of the strongest predictors of trouble in youth or in your 20s as …
TCT-366 Transcatheter Therapy for Pure Aortic Regurgitation: Insights From a Preclinical Animal Model
Authors: Dongming Hou, Jon Schwarz, Ilaria Paladini, Debra Cockayne, Niamh Brew, Ailbhe Casserly, MaryEllen Klusacek, Dominic Allocco, Sean Lilienfeld, Ian Meredith
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Radioembolisation with Y90-resin microspheres followed by nivolumab for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (CA 209-678): a single arm, single centre, phase 2 trial
Authors: David Tai, Kelvin Loke, Apoorva Gogna, Neslihan Arife Kaya, Sze Huey Tan, Tiffany Hennedige, David Ng, Farah Irani, Joycelyn Lee, Jia Qi Lim, Chow Wei Too, Matthew C H Ng, Chee Kian Tham, Justina Lam, Si Lin Koo, Hui Shan Chong, George Boon-Bee Goh, Hian Liang Huang, Nanda Venkatanarasimha, Richard Lo, Pierce K H Chow, Brian K P Goh, Alexander Chung, Han Chong Toh, Choon Hua Thng, Tony K H Lim, Joe Yeong, Weiwei Zhai, Chung Yip Chan, Su Pin Choo
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2021)
Progress Toward Measles Elimination — China, January 2013–June 2019
Authors: Chao Ma, Lance Rodewald, Lixin Hao, Qiru Su, Yan Zhang, Ning Wen, Chunxiang Fan, Hong Yang, Huiming Luo, Huaqing Wang, James L. Goodson, Zundong Yin, Zijian Feng
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2019)

In 2005, the World Health Organization (WHO) Western Pacific Region countries, including China, resolved to eliminate measles by 2012 or as soon as feasible thereafter (1). As of 2018, nine* of the 37 Western Pacific Region countries or areas† had eliminated§ measles. China's Measles Elimination Action Plan 2006-2012 included strengthening routine immunization; conducting measles risk assessments, followed by supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) with measles-containing vaccine (MCV) at national and subnational levels; strengthening surveillance and laboratory capacity; and investigating and responding to measles outbreaks. Most recently, progress toward measles elimination in China was described in a 2014 report documenting measles elimination efforts in China during 2008-2012 and a resurgence in 2013 (2). This report describes progress toward measles elimination in China during January 2013-June 2019.¶ Measles incidence per million persons decreased from 20.4 in 2013 to 2.8 in 2018; reported measles-related deaths decreased from 32 in 2015 to one in 2018 and no deaths in 2019 through June. Measles elimination in China can be achieved through strengthening the immunization program's existing strategy by ensuring sufficient vaccine supply; continuing to improve laboratory-supported surveillance, outbreak investigation and response; strengthening school entry vaccination record checks; vaccinating students who do not have documentation of receipt of 2 doses of measles-rubella vaccine; and vaccinating health care professionals and other adults at risk for measles.
Need for a Validation Study before Using the Two-Step Algorithm for dd-cfDNA to Screen for Acute Rejection
Authors: Aditi Gupta, Bruce Kaplan
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2021)

The study by Bunnapradist et al. [1][1] proposes using a two-step algorithm threshold for donor derived cell free DNA (dd-cfDNA) to increase sensitivity for detection of acute rejection. Although this hypothesis is both tenable and biologically plausible, we have concerns if this study allows for