tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rebeccamycin analog for refractory breast cancer: a randomized phase II trial
Authors: H. J. Burstein, B. Overmoyer, R. Gelman, P. Silverman, J. Savoie, K. Clarke, L. Dumadag, J. Younger, E. P. Winer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

547 Background: Rebeccamycin analog (NSC 655649) is a synthetic antibiotic cytotoxic agent thought to inhibit topoisomerase function. We sought to determine the response rate to rebeccamycin analog among patients with refractory advanced breast cancer using two different treatment schedules. Methods: Eligible patients had advanced breast cancer and measurable tumor (RECIST), and 1 or 2 prior chemotherapy regimens for advanced breast cancer, or recurrence within 12 months of adjuvant chemotherapy. Central venous access was required, as were adequate bone marrow, hepatic, and renal reserve. Patients were randomized to receive rebeccamycin analog on one of two treatment schedules: arm 1, 500 mg/m2 IV bolus every 21 days; arm 2, 140 mg/m2 IV bolus daily x 5 days, every 21 days. The primary study endpoint was response rate. A two stage accrual design was used to evaluate each schedule separately. At least 3 responses among 21 patients in either arm were required to reject the null hypothesis of a 5% response rate for the alternative of a 20% response rate. Results: Forty-two women entered the trial (median age 54.7 yrs), 21 on each arm. Prior chemotherapy regimens for metastastic breast cancer were: 0, n=4, 1, n=21; 2, n=17. Prior treatments (including adjuvant therapy) anthracyclines: 90%, taxanes 64%, 5FU-based therapy, 48%. There were 4 partial responses (overall response rate 9.5%), two in each treatment arm. Median time to progression was 2.1 months (range 1–11+ months). All responding patients had received anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy and at least one prior regimen for metastatic breast cancer. An additional 10 patients had stable disease as best response, including 4 with SD > 6 months. Treatment was generally well tolerated. Grade 3 or 4 toxicity rates were: anemia 5%, neutropenia 33%, thrombocytopenia 12%, RBC transfusion 14%, nausea/vomiting 10%. Other side effects were very mild. Toxicity profiles were similar between the two treatment arms. Conclusions: Rebeccamycin analog is reasonably well tolerated on two different treatment schedules, but had modest clinical activity in this heavily pretreated patient population. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Vocational rehabilitation
Authors: P. B Disler, J. F Pallant
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Blessed is he who has found his work; let him ask no other blessedness” wrote Carlyle.1 However, according to a report published last year from the British Society of Rehabilitation Medicine,2 British workers who are injured or ill find it difficult to return to this happy state, and society helps them little in their quest. The report, written by a multidisciplinary working group which explored practices in the NHS, the Employment Service, and industry that impede the return to employment of those with a recent injury, illness, or disability, makes interesting, if sobering, reading.

The need is clear: an average of 3000 British people move on to incapacity benefits weekly, and the social and economic costs of this are enormous (reaching £10bn a year3). The leading causes are familiar to any general practitioner: musculoskeletal injury (28%), psychiatric disorders (20%), and diseases of the circulatory system. Although vocational rehabilitation has been shown to expedite return to meaningful employment, minimise workdays lost, reduce premature retirement, and increase the productivity of injured workers, the authors argue that it has always been neglected in Britain. In addition the system is unwieldy and unresponsive, so that the short, critical window of opportunity for effective rehabilitation may be missed. Thereafter fit workers become physically deconditioned, and typically enter a self perpetuating cycle of hopelessness, anxiety, and depression, and the likelihood of a successful return to work varies …
Cadmium-Binding Protein (Metallothionein) in Carp
Authors: Hideaki Kito, Youki Ose, Takahiko Sato
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

When carp (Cyprinus carpio) were exposed to 5 and 30 ppm Cd in the water, the contents of Cd-binding protein, which has low molecular weight, increased in the hepatopancreas, kidney, gills and gastrointestinal tract with the duration of exposure.This Cd-binding protein was purified from hepatopancreas, kidney, gills, and spleen of carp administered 2 mg/kg Cd (as CdCl2), intraperitoneally for 6 days.Two Cd-binding proteins were separated by DEAE-Sephadex A-25 column chromatography.These proteins had Cd-mercaptide bond, high cysteine contents (ca.29-34%), but no aromatic amino acids or histidine.From these characteristics the Cd-binding proteins were identified as metallothionein.By using antiserum obtained from a rabbit to which carp hepatopancreas MT-II had been administered, immunological characteristics between hepatopancreas MT-I, II and kidney MT-II were studied, and a slight difference in antigenic determinant was observed among them.By immunological staining techniques with horseradish peroxidase, the localization of metallothionein was investigated.In the nontreated group, metallothionein was present in the acinar cells of hepatopancreas and renal convoluted tubules.In the Cd-treated group (2 mg/kg IP daily for 3 days), metallothionein was present in the nuclei, sinusoids, and extracellular space of hepatopancreas, in addition to the acinar cells.Carp were bred in 1 ppm Cd, 5 ppm Zn solution, and tap water for 14 days, following transfer to 15 ppm Cd solution, respectively.The survival ratio was the highest in the Zn group followed by Cd-treated and control groups.The metallothionein contents increased in hepatopancreas and kidney in the order: Zn>Cd>control group.
Health Care Managers in Transition: Shifting Roles and Changing Organizations
Authors: Gail Scott, Wendy Leebov
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

The Changing Role of Health Care Managers A valuable guide that helps health care managers redefine their responsibilities so they can function more effectively in this dramatically evolving industry. The authors identify and describe the ten key role shifts that are part of making the transition to a new, more dynamic style of leadership. Filled with questionnaires and step-by-step guidelines, this hands-on tool offers sound insights and nuts-and-bolts advice.
Abstract 13423: Pm10-Induced Nadph Oxidase Activation: A New Link Between Air Pollution and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Pasquale Pignatelli, Laura Cantone, Laura Angelici, Daniele Pastori, Roberto Carnevale, Pier Alberto Bertazzi, Pier Mannuccio Mannucci, Francesco Violi
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Ambient and occupational exposure to Particulate Matter (PM) has been linked with increased hospitalization and mortality from cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and lung canc...
Abstract 12748: Tolerance in the Setting of Pediatric ABO-Incompatible Heart Transplantation: Is B-cell Elimination the Sole Mechanism?
Authors: Jennifer Conway, Tina Allain-Rooney, Cedric Manlhiot, Brian McCrindle, Anne I Dipchand
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Graft acceptance following ABO-Incompatible (ABO-I) heart transplants (HTx) in the pediatric population has been associated with a lack of B-cells that produce donor specific blood group isohemaggl...
Joint NABTC + NCCTG prognostic factors analysis for high grade recurrent glioma
Authors: K. Lamborn, W. Wu, M. Prados, K. Jaeckle, S. Chang, P. Novotny, J. Buckner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

2075 Background: Multiple variables may impact endpoints used to assess therapeutic efficacy for patients with recurrent gliomas. To identify prognostic factors for each of 3 outcome variables, a master analysis file was constructed by pooling datasets summarizing key baseline factors and outcomes obtained in 15 North Central Cancer Treatment Group (NCCTG) trials (n=583, 1980–2004) and 12 North American Brain Tumor Consortium (NABTC) trials (n=596, 1998–2002). Methods: In addition to traditional variables (gender, age, performance score (PS), race, extent of primary resection, year of study entry, last known histology, time since initial diagnosis, baseline steroid use, prior chemotherapy (Y/N), prior nitrosoureas, baseline anticonvulsant use), we investigated prior t (TMZ), number of relapses, academic vs. community site and low grade at initial diagnosis. Outcome variables were: (1) overall survival (OS), (2) progression free survival (PFS) and (3) PFS6 = proportion of patients alive and progression-free 6 months after start of treatment. For all 3 endpoints, Classification and Regression Tree (CART) models and bootstrap samples were used to identify prognostic variables and to look for evidence of interactions among the independent variables affecting outcome. Results: For all outcomes the initial CART analysis selected last known grade (4 vs. 3) as the most important variable. Additional factors selected as predicting poor prognosis differed with grade and outcome measure and included prior TMZ, longer time since primary diagnosis, older age and poor PS. Community vs. academic was not a strong predictor in any of the models nor was low grade at initial diagnosis. Additional analyses are planned to better describe the impact of all the variables on outcome, including use of Cox models and logistic models considering all baseline variables with backwards selection. Conclusions: The results from analyses to date are consistent with current thinking that last known histology (grade) is an important factor. Time since initial diagnosis is likely a surrogate for number of relapses. More definitive conclusions await the completion of ongoing analyses. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract P5-01-13: The spectroscopic feature of breast cancer
Authors: Hiroyuki Ogura, Nobuko Yoshizawa, Kenji Yoshimoto, Hatsuko Nasu, Yumiko Taki, Youko Hosokawa, Ryouichi Matsunuma, Yoshimi Ide, Etsuko Yamaki, Toshihiko Suzuki, Motoki Oda, Yukio Ueda, Yutaka Yamashita, Harumi Sakahara
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Objectives: To examine optical properties of breast cancer by time-resolved spectroscopy. Materials and Methods: We irradiated a pulsed laser of 760, 800, and 830 nm wave-length lights at multiple sites of both breasts including the site just above the cancer and detected the light transmitted through the breast with TRS-20SH (Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.). Absorption coefficient (μa), reduced scattering coefficient (μs’), total hemoglobin (tHb), and oxygen saturation (SO2) of the breast were calculated by photon diffusion equation. The clinical trial started in January 2007. A total of one hundred fifty-two breast cancer patients participated in the trial and written informed consent were obtained from all of the patients. Results: The absorption coefficient (μa) in 760, 800 and 830 nm wave-length of breast cancer tissue was significantly high compared with contra-lateral normal breast (760nm:cancer;0.078 normal;0.063 p&amp;lt;0.001. 800nm cancer:0.071, normal;0.050, p&amp;lt;0.001. 830nm: cancer;0.084, normal;0.063, p&amp;lt;0.001). The absorption coefficient and reduced scattering coefficient between breast cancer tissue and contra-lateral normal breast μa (/cm)μs'(/cm) cancernormal breastcancernormal breast760nm0.0780.0639.589.71800nm0.0710.059.239.4830nm0.0840.0639.079.22 There was no difference in reduced scattering coefficient (μs’) between breast cancer tissue and contra-lateral normal breast(760nm: cancer;9.58, normal;9.71, 800nm: cancer:9.23, normal;9.40. 830nm; cancer;9.07, normal;9.22). The tHb of breast cancer tissue was significantly high, compared with normal breast (cancer:32.3±14.6, normal breast;22.0±8.6, p=0.001). There was no difference in oxygen saturation (SO2) between breast cancer tissue and contra-lateral normal breast (cancer:73.2±4.3, normal breast;73.6±5.9, p=0.31). The tHb and SO2 between breast cancer tissue and contra-lateral normal breast cancernormal breastp-valuetHb(μM)32.3±14.622.0±8.6p&amp;lt;0.001SO2(%)73.2±4.373.6±5.9p=0.32 Conclusion: Absorption coefficient (μa) and tHb increased in breast cancer, whereas reduced scattering coefficient (μs’) and oxygen saturation did not. Citation Format: Hiroyuki Ogura, Nobuko Yoshizawa, Kenji Yoshimoto, Hatsuko Nasu, Yumiko Taki, Youko Hosokawa, Ryouichi Matsunuma, Yoshimi Ide, Etsuko Yamaki, Toshihiko Suzuki, Motoki Oda, Yukio Ueda, Yutaka Yamashita, Harumi Sakahara. The spectroscopic feature of breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-01-13.
The flavonoid procyanidin C1 has senotherapeutic activity and increases lifespan in mice
Authors: Qixia Xu, Qiang Fu, Zi Li, Hanxin Liu, Ying Wang, Xu Lin, Ruikun He, Xuguang Zhang, Zhenyu Ju, Judith Campisi, James L. Kirkland, Yu Sun
Journal: Nature Metabolism (2021)

Abstract Ageing-associated functional decline of organs and increased risk for age-related chronic pathologies is driven in part by the accumulation of senescent cells, which develop the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Here we show that procyanidin C1 (PCC1), a polyphenolic component of grape seed extract (GSE), increases the healthspan and lifespan of mice through its action on senescent cells. By screening a library of natural products, we find that GSE, and PCC1 as one of its active components, have specific effects on senescent cells. At low concentrations, PCC1 appears to inhibit SASP formation, whereas it selectively kills senescent cells at higher concentrations, possibly by promoting production of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial dysfunction. In rodent models, PCC1 depletes senescent cells in a treatment-damaged tumour microenvironment and enhances therapeutic efficacy when co-administered with chemotherapy. Intermittent administration of PCC1 to either irradiated, senescent cell-implanted or naturally aged old mice alleviates physical dysfunction and prolongs survival. We identify PCC1 as a natural senotherapeutic agent with in vivo activity and high potential for further development as a clinical intervention to delay, alleviate or prevent age-related pathologies.
Advisory Board and Contents
Authors: Jerry Madukwe, Jessica Miles, Fred Kop, Patrick Scheffmann, Michelle Arkin, Matthew Banks, Andrew Bate, Mary Bebawy, Jeffrey Benovic, Jacqueline Crawley, Debbie Hay, Stephanie Laszlo, Hunyady Magnus, Ingelman-Sundberg Michael, Kassiou Kum, Kum Khanna, Brian Kobilka, Jenny Lam, Michel Lazdunski, Fiona Marshall, Ruth Nussinov, Avner Schlessinger, Martina Schmidt, Harald Sitte, Rachel Tyndale, Ming-Wei Wang, Stephen Watson, Stephen Waxman, Matthew Webber, Ryan Clark, Zoe Garman, Richard Price, Natasha Sheybani
Journal: Trends in Pharmacological Sciences (2021)
Gustatory Hyperhidrosis
Authors: Marlous L. Grijsen, Esther J. van Zuuren
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Ghost in the machine or monkey with a typewriter—generating titles for Christmas research articles in<i>The BMJ</i>using artificial intelligence: observational study
Authors: Robin Marlow, Dora Wood
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Abstract Objective To determine whether artificial intelligence (AI) can generate plausible and engaging titles for potential Christmas research articles in The BMJ . Design Observational study. Setting Europe, Australia, and Africa. Participants 1 AI technology (Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3, GPT-3) and 25 humans. Main outcome measures Plausibility, attractiveness, enjoyability, and educational value of titles for potential Christmas research articles in The BMJ generated by GPT-3 compared with historical controls. Results AI generated titles were rated at least as enjoyable (159/250 responses (64%) v 346/500 responses (69%); odds ratio 0.9, 95% confidence interval 0.7 to 1.2) and attractive (176/250 (70%) v 342/500 (68%); 1.1, 0.8 to 1.4) as real control titles, although the real titles were rated as more plausible (182/250 (73%) v 238/500 (48%); 3.1, 2.3 to 4.1). The AI generated titles overall were rated as having less scientific or educational merit than the real controls (146/250 (58%) v 193/500 (39%); 2.0, 1.5 to 2.6); this difference, however, became non-significant when humans curated the AI output (146/250 (58%) v 123/250 (49%); 1.3, 1.0 to 1.8). Of the AI generated titles, the most plausible was “The association between belief in conspiracy theories and the willingness to receive vaccinations,” and the highest rated was “The effects of free gourmet coffee on emergency department waiting times: an observational study.” Conclusions AI can generate plausible, entertaining, and scientifically interesting titles for potential Christmas research articles in The BMJ ; as in other areas of medicine, performance was enhanced by human intervention.
COVID-19 pandemic to lead to thousands of additional UK lung cancer deaths
Authors: Emma Wilkinson
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2021)

Experts have warned that thousands of additional lung cancer deaths in the UK will be a direct result of the pandemic, jeopardising previously hard-won gains in survival. Urgent action is needed according to a report from the UK Lung Cancer Coalition (UKLCC), which estimated that delays in lung cancer diagnoses as a result of COVID-19 lockdowns will increase deaths in the 5 years after diagnosis by 4·8–5·3%.
Therapy for Diffuse Astrocytic and Oligodendroglial Tumors in Adults: ASCO-SNO Guideline
Authors: Nimish A Mohile, Hans Messersmith, Na Tosha N Gatson, Andreas F Hottinger, Andrew B Lassman, Jordan Morton, Douglas Ney, Phioanh Leia Nghiemphu, Adriana Olar, Jeffery Olson, James Perry, Jana Portnow, David Schiff, Anne Shannon, Helen A Shih, Roy Strowd, Martin van den Bent, Mateo Ziu, Jaishri Blakeley
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2021)

Abstract Purpose To provide guidance to clinicians regarding therapy for diffuse astrocytic and oligodendroglial tumors in adults. Methods ASCO and the Society for Neuro-Oncology convened an Expert Panel and conducted a systematic review of the literature. Results Fifty-nine randomized trials focusing on therapeutic management were identified. Recommendations Adults with newly diagnosed oligodendroglioma, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)–mutant, 1p19q codeleted CNS WHO grade 2 and 3 should be offered radiation therapy (RT) and procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine (PCV). Temozolomide (TMZ) is a reasonable alternative for patients who may not tolerate PCV, but no high-level evidence supports upfront TMZ in this setting. People with newly diagnosed astrocytoma, IDH-mutant, 1p19q non-codeleted CNS WHO grade 2 should be offered RT with adjuvant chemotherapy (TMZ or PCV). People with astrocytoma, IDH-mutant, 1p19q non-codeleted CNS WHO grade 3 should be offered RT and adjuvant TMZ. People with astrocytoma, IDH-mutant, CNS WHO grade 4 may follow recommendations for either astrocytoma, IDH-mutant, 1p19q non-codeleted CNS WHO grade 3 or glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype, CNS WHO grade 4. Concurrent TMZ and RT should be offered to patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype, CNS WHO grade 4 followed by 6 months of adjuvant TMZ. Alternating electric field therapy, approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, should be considered for these patients. Bevacizumab is not recommended. In situations in which the benefits of 6-week RT plus TMZ may not outweigh the harms, hypofractionated RT plus TMZ is reasonable. In patients age ≥ 60 to ≥ 70 years, with poor performance status or for whom toxicity or prognosis are concerns, best supportive care alone, RT alone (for MGMTpromoter unmethylated tumors), or TMZ alone (for MGMT promoter methylated tumors) are reasonable treatment options. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/neurooncology-guidelines.
Abstract 12971: Positive Psychological Growth Post Cardiac Arrest Survivorship: A Pilot Study
Authors: Rakan AlQaqaa, Tara Keshavarz Shirazi, Ian Jaffe, Anelly Gonzales, Sam Parnia
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Background: Cardiac arrest (CA) has an annual US incidence of &gt;500,000 with survival rates ~10%. Although most studies focus on survival and neurological outcomes, understanding long-term psychological consequences is of equal importance. Some have reported negative psychological outcomes such as anxiety, depression, and PTSD; however, since survivors of other adverse life-threatening disorders, including cancer, report positive psychological growth, we sought to test the hypothesis that CA survival may also be associated with growth of positive psychological traits. Method: Invitations were sent to CA survivors through their local hospitals or national registries to participate in an online pilot cross sectional study. Overall, 47 agreed and were given a series of standardized questionnaires to assess the following positive personality traits: empathy, compassion, forgiveness, altruism, optimism, gratitude, positivity, spirituality, consideration for others’ needs, and happiness. Using a 5-point Likert scale, they then estimated the relative change in these traits since their CA event, where 1=significant decrease, 2=moderate decrease, 3=no change, 4 =moderate increase, and 5=significant increase. Results: Overall 42 of 47 (89%) reported a return to their daily functional activities. Personality trait ratings were analyzed using a sign test relative to a population median score of 3 (i.e. no change) for statistical analysis. Participants showed statistically significant differences in all the assessed personality traits: gratitude (median=4, p&lt;0.0001), compassion (median=4, p= p&lt;0.0001), altruism (median=4, p&lt;0.0001), empathy (median=4, p&lt;0.0001), spirituality(median=4, p&lt;0.0001), consideration for others’ needs (median=4, p&lt;0.0001), forgiveness(median=4, p&lt;0.0005), optimism (median=4, p&lt;0.001), positivity (median=4, p&lt;0.005), and happiness(median=4, p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: Long-term psychological sequelae of CA survivorship remains ill understood. However, some CA survivors may develop greater positive psychological traits following CA. Further studies are required to assess the relationship between CA and long-term positive changes and quality of life, as well as possible therapeutic interventions.