tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 430: Variation of Post Arrest Survival to Discharge and Cerebral Performance Category 1/2 in State of Michigan
Authors: David A Berger, Nai-Wei Chen, Joseph B Miller, Robert D Welch, Joshua C Reynolds, James M PRIBBLE, Robert A Swor
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Resuscitation from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) requires success in the entire chain of survival. Our prior work demonstrated substantial variation in provision of left heart catheterization (LHC) and TTM within Michigan (MI) hospitals but did not evaluate impact on survival. The objective of this study is to characterize the variation in post arrest survival to discharge and CPC-1/2 in MI Hospitals. Methods: We used the MI Cardiac Arrest to Enhance Survival (CARES) registry, to analyze all adult OHCA patients with ROSC from 2014 - 2017 that survived to hospital admission. Hospitals (N=40) were included if they managed &gt; 30 cases/4-years for all rhythms and &gt; 20 cases/4-years for shockable patients. We excluded transferred patients; those resuscitated with bystander CPR only and patients &lt; 18 years old. We assessed provision of LHC and TTM by hospital, survival to hospital discharge and survival with good neurologic outcome (CPC 1 or 2). We report crude and adjusted survival rates by hospital with median and range. To account for variations between hospitals, the adjusted survival rates were estimated using multilevel multi-variable regression analyses, adjusting for OHCA variables predictive of survival. Results: There were 5486 patients included CARES patients, 4,715 ultimately included for analyses of survival to discharge and survival with good neurological outcome. Of included hospitals (N=40), the median of crude rate was 31.4% [Range: 12.5%, 51.9%] for survival at discharge and 25.1% [Range: 5.2%, 42.2%] for survival rate with CPC-1/2. In the multivariable analyses, adjusting for patient characteristics, the median of adjusted rate was 27.6% [Range: 18.1%, 42.0%] for survival and 21.3% [Range: 9.7%, 32.8%] for survival to discharge with CPC-1/2. Conclusion: We observed substantial disparities in inter-hospital rates of survival at discharge, with a 4-fold range of survival and 8-fold range of survival with CPC-1/2. This survival variation was ameliorated but still persisted in the adjusted modeling analysis. Variation in post arrest survival by hospital is not explained by patient and arrest characteristics, and identifies a need for hospital quality improvement activities to improve post arrest patient survival.
Trends in Prevalence of Diabetes and Control of Risk Factors in Diabetes Among US Adults, 1999-2018
Authors: Li Wang, Xiaoguang Li, Zhaoxin Wang, Michael P. Bancks, Mercedes R. Carnethon, Philip Greenland, Ying-Qing Feng, Hui Wang, Victor W. Zhong
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Understanding population-wide trends in prevalence and control of diabetes is critical to planning public health approaches for prevention and management of the disease.
Covid-19: Cases of delta variant rise by 79%, but rate of growth slows
Authors: Adrian O’Dowd
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Covid-19: Cases of delta variant rise by 79%, but rate of growth slows Adrian O'DowdAlmost all new cases of covid-19 are the delta variant but new data suggests that while case numbers are increasing, the rate of growth is slower than a week ago.Public Health England's weekly covid-19 variant cases data 1 show that numbers of the delta variant in the UK have risen by 33 630 since last week to a total of 75 953, a 79% increase.The most recent data show 99% of sequenced and genotyped cases across the country are the delta variant.Public Health England.Variants: distribution of case data, 11 June 2021.18 June2021.www.gov.uk/government/publications/covid-19-variants-genomically-confirmed-case-numbers/variants-distribution-of-case
Advancing to the era of cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Yun Wang, Min Wang, Hao‐Xiang Wu, Rui‐Hua Xu
Journal: Cancer Communications (2021)

Cancer greatly affects the quality of life of humans worldwide and the number of patients suffering from it is continuously increasing. Over the last century, numerous treatments have been developed to improve the survival of cancer patients but substantial progress still needs to be made before cancer can be truly cured. In recent years, antitumor immunity has become the most debated topic in cancer research and the booming development of immunotherapy has led to a new epoch in cancer therapy. In this review, we describe the relationships between tumors and the immune system, and the rise of immunotherapy. Then, we summarize the characteristics of tumor-associated immunity and immunotherapeutic strategies with various molecular mechanisms by showing the typical immune molecules whose antibodies are broadly used in the clinic and those that are still under investigation. We also discuss important elements from individual cells to the whole human body, including cellular mutations and modulation, metabolic reprogramming, the microbiome, and the immune contexture. In addition, we also present new observations and technical advancements of both diagnostic and therapeutic methods aimed at cancer immunotherapy. Lastly, we discuss the controversies and challenges that negatively impact patient outcomes.
Effect of Postoperative Radiotherapy for Patients With pIIIA-N2 Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer After Complete Resection and Adjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Zhouguang Hui, Yu Men, Chen Hu, Jingjing Kang, Xin Sun, Nan Bi, Zongmei Zhou, Jun Liang, Jima Lv, Qinfu Feng, Zefen Xiao, Dongfu Chen, Yan Wang, Junling Li, Jie Wang, Shugeng Gao, Luhua Wang, Jie He
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2021)

<h3>Importance</h3> The role of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) has not been well defined in resected pIIIA-N2 non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate the effect of PORT using modern techniques on survival and safety in patients with pIIIA-N2 NSCLC after complete resection and adjuvant chemotherapy. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> The PORT-C randomized clinical trial was conducted in 394 patients with pIIIA-N2 NSCLC treated with complete resection and 4 cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy between January 2009 and December 2017. Data were analyzed between March 2019 and December 2020. <h3>Interventions</h3> Patients were randomized equally into the PORT arm (n = 202) or the observation arm (n = 192). The total dose of PORT was 50 Gy. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The primary end point was disease-free survival (DFS). Secondary end points included overall survival (OS), locoregional recurrence–free survival (LRFS), distant metastasis–free survival, and toxic effects. <h3>Results</h3> In total, 394 patients were enrolled and 364 were eligible, with a median (range) age of 55 (25-70) years. There were 202 (55.5%) male and 162 (44.5%) female patients. The median follow-up was 46.0 (95% CI, 41.9-51.4) months, and 230 DFS events were reported. There were 184 patients in the PORT arm and 180 patients in the observation arm. The 3-year DFS rates were 40.5% with PORT vs 32.7% with observation (median, 22.1 vs 18.6 months), and the difference in DFS was not statistically significant without adjustment (hazard ratio [HR], 0.84; 95% CI, 0.65-1.09;<i>P</i> = .20), though it was significant with preplanned yet exploratory analysis (stratified analysis by the number of detected lymph nodes and positive lymph nodes, HR, 0.75; log-rank<i>P</i> = .04). The 3-year OS rates were 78.3% vs 82.8% (HR, 1.02;<i>P</i> = .93), and LRFS was 66.5% vs 59.7% (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.51-0.97;<i>P</i> = .03), respectively. For 310 per-protocol patients (140 with PORT and 170 with observation), PORT significantly improved DFS (42.8% vs 30.6%; HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.57-1.00;<i>P</i> = .05) but not OS (HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.53-1.30;<i>P</i> = .41). The 3-year local recurrence only rates were 9.5% and 18.3% in the 2 arms, respectively (Fine-Gray HR, 0.55; Gray test<i>P</i> = .04). No radiotherapy-related grade 4 or 5 adverse event was observed. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this phase 3 randomized clinical trial of patients with pIIIA-N2 NSCLC after complete resection and adjuvant chemotherapy, PORT did not improve DFS. Further studies exploring patients who might best benefit from PORT are needed. <h3>Trial Registration</h3> ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT00880971
HIV-1感染(ARIA)を用いた未治療女性における固定用量併用ドルテグラビル,アバカビル,ラミブジンとリトナビル追加アタザナビルとテノホビルdisoproxilフマル酸およびエムトリシタビン:無作為化,非盲検,非劣性,第3b相研究からの結果48週【Powered by NICT】
Authors: Orrell Catherine, Hagins Debbie P, Belonosova Elena, Porteiro Norma, Walmsley Sharon, Falco Vicenc, Man Choy Y, Aylott Alicia, Buchanan Ann M, Wynne Brian, Vavro Cindy, Aboud Michael, Smith Kimberly Y
Journal: The Lancet HIV (2017)
Whole-Genome Mate Pair Sequencing Reflex Test to Characterize Chromosome Rearrangements in Hematologic Neoplasia
Authors: Linda B Baughn, Beth A Pitel, Stephanie A. Smoley, Jeannette G Rustin, George Vasmatzis, Sarah H Johnson, James Smadbeck, Matthew Webley, Sarah J Koon, Ross Rowsey, Hutton Kearney, William Sukov, Rhett P. Ketterling, Katherine Geiersbach, Daniel L. Van Dyke, Robert Jenkins, Patricia Greipp, Erik Thorland, Nicole Hoppman, Umut Aypar
Journal: Blood (2017)
Abstract 10367: Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing as a Prognostic Indicator in Patients With Preserved Exercise Capacity
Authors: Takamasa Sato, Akiomi Yoshihisa, Yuki Kanno, Takafumi Ishida, Yasuchika Takeishi
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Backgrounds: Parameters derived from cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) such as peak oxygen consumption (PVO2) are important prognostic factors in heart failure (HF). However, Prognostic impact...
Effect of Restrictive or Liberal Blood Transfusion on Major Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction and Anemia
Authors: Tomohiko Sato, Rui Terada, Toshiyuki Ikeda
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 11651: Increased Age, Left Atrial Size, and Body Mass Index in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Alters Intracardiac Electrogram Morphology
Authors: Isaac L Goldenthal, Angelo B Biviano, Edward J Ciaccio, Elaine Y Wan, Amardeep S Saluja, Hasan Garan
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: There are limited studies evaluating whether patients of increased age, left atrial size (LA size), and body mass index (BMI) with AF have altered intracardiac electrogram (EGM) morph...
Early prediction of diagnostic-related groups and estimation of hospital cost by processing clinical notes
Authors: Jinghui Liu, Daniel Capurro, Anthony Nguyen, Karin Verspoor
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2021)

As healthcare providers receive fixed amounts of reimbursement for given services under DRG (Diagnosis-Related Groups) payment, DRG codes are valuable for cost monitoring and resource allocation. However, coding is typically performed retrospectively post-discharge. We seek to predict DRGs and DRG-based case mix index (CMI) at early inpatient admission using routine clinical text to estimate hospital cost in an acute setting. We examined a deep learning-based natural language processing (NLP) model to automatically predict per-episode DRGs and corresponding cost-reflecting weights on two cohorts (paid under Medicare Severity (MS) DRG or All Patient Refined (APR) DRG), without human coding efforts. It achieved macro-averaged area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) scores of 0·871 (SD 0·011) on MS-DRG and 0·884 (0·003) on APR-DRG in fivefold cross-validation experiments on the first day of ICU admission. When extended to simulated patient populations to estimate average cost-reflecting weights, the model increased its accuracy over time and obtained absolute CMI error of 2·40 (1·07%) and 12·79% (2·31%), respectively on the first day. As the model could adapt to variations in admission time, cohort size, and requires no extra manual coding efforts, it shows potential to help estimating costs for active patients to support better operational decision-making in hospitals.
アポトーシスシグナル調節キナーゼ(ASK)2欠失マウスは心肥大を伴う食塩抵抗性高血圧症を有する
Authors: Kataoka Keiichiro, Nakamura Taishi, Fukuda Masaya, Nakoh Hisato, Dong Yi Fei, Toyama Kensuke, Ogawa Hisao, Kim-Mitsuyama Shokei
Journal: Circulation (2010)
472. Low-Shear Sodding of an Implantable Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene Scaffold with a Rat Adipose-Derived Stromal-Vascular Fraction
Authors: Philip Gastrell, Jinny Cho, Bruce Klitzman
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2015)

Impaired wound healing occurs in various pathologies and is characterized by diminished substrate delivery, inadequate cellular proliferation and tissue fibrosis. The cellular constituents of the adipose-derived stromal-vascular fraction (SVF) – primarily adipose-derived stem cells, fibroblasts and endothelial cells – are uniquely suited to rescue impaired wound healing and tissue regeneration. The SVF cells have been shown to inhibit tissue fibrosis, improve local cell proliferation and induce neomicrovascularization, which improves substrate delivery. One of the challenges of using adipose-derived SVF cells to improve wound healing is finding a reliable, reproducible method of delivering this cell population into the target tissue bed. A possible approach entails attaching the cell population to a porous scaffold, which is then implanted into the tissue bed. 1cm × 1cm porous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) scaffold using gravity-pressurized saline at 74mmHg, effectively "sodding" the ePTFE with cells. As shown in Figure 1, scanning electron microscopy of the ePTFE sample demonstrated an approximately 50mm layer of SVF cells tightly adhered to the surface of the ePTFE with cellular penetration into the porous scaffold to 20mm. As shown in Figure 2, en face microscopy of the sodded surface demonstrated 64% cellular confluency. Implications: These results demonstrate that the low shear sodding method can generate a novel pre-cellularized scaffold construct ready for implantation. Figure 1: Figure 2:
The 6-minute walk distance cannot be accurately assessed at home in people with COPD
Authors: Anne Holland, Tshepo Rasekaba, Julio Fiore, Angela Burge, Annemarie Lee
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background: There is growing interest in home-based rehabilitation and self management programs for people with COPD. The 6-minute walk test is commonly used to assess the effects of these treatments on exercise capacity, however it is not known whether this assessment can be performed accurately in the home environment. The aim of this study was to determine whether exercise capacity can be accurately assessed in the home using the six minute walk test (6MWT).  Methods: 14 participants with stable COPD (10 males), mean age 73 (SD 7) years and FEV1 55(14) %predicted undertook the 6-minute walk test at home and at the hospital. Home and hospital tests were conducted in random order on separate days, within one week, with two tests performed on each testing occasion and the best distance recorded. Hospital tests were conducted on a 30-metre walking track whilst home tests were conducted using the longest available track, inside or outside the home. Agreement for 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) across testing locations was examined using the Bland and Altman method.  Results: Eight home tests were conducted outdoors and six were conducted inside the home, with track lengths ranging from 7 to 30 metres. The home 6MWD was shorter than the hospital 6MWD (mean 37 metres shorter, limits of agreement -192 to 118 metres). For the home tests, a shorter track length was associated with a greater reduction in 6MWD (rS=0.65, p=0.01).  Conclusion: The 6-minute walk distance cannot be accurately assessed at home in people with COPD. Alternative exercise tests that are suitable for the home environment should be developed if a comprehensive assessment of people with COPD is to be performed at home.
Description of Mutational Profile in Patients with Lower-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes at the Time of Leukemic Progression
Authors: Begoña Pedrote, Jose Francisco Falantes, Estrella Carrillo, Cristina Calderon-Cabrera, Francisco J Marquez-Malaver, Ildefonso Espigado, Jose A. Perez-Simon
Journal: Blood (2017)
COVID-19 and obesity in Atlanta
Authors: W. A. Neveu, V. Sueblinvong, A. J. Mehta, Re Emory Covid Quality Clinical
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2021)

Introduction: Obesity is a complex disease that exhibits alteration in immune function. Due to the imbalance between anti-and pro-inflammatory mediators secreted by adipocytes and immune cells, the scales are tipped toward a chronic inflammatory state. As the body mass index (BMI) increases, the visceral adipocytes have been found to secrete higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL-) 6, which contribute to alterations in coagulation signaling. These findings raise concerns that obesity-mediated inflammation may be responsible for the observed findings of higher risk of severity from SARS-CoV-2 in this population. This study examines the effect of obesity on levels of inflammatory markers and severity of illness from COVID-19 in a cohort of critically ill patients. Methods: Data were collected from the electronic medical record (EMR) by the Emory COVID-19 Quality and Clinical Research Collaborative. We analyzed data of patients admitted with COVID-19 within the Emory Healthcare System between March 6, 2020 and May 5, 2020 who spent any time in the intensive care unit during their hospitalization. We used the Chi-square test to determine if death or intubation were associated with obesity (BMI > 30) and t-tests when comparing inflammatory markers between obese and non-obese patients. Multivariate logistic regression was completed to evaluate the role of BMI and severity of illness on death. Results: Results for BMI were available for 285 patients in the cohort, and 149 patients (52.3%) were considered obese with a BMI of 30 or greater. Obese patients in our cohort were younger on average by 10 years (59 years vs. 69 years, p<0.0001), and there was no significant difference in gender. Intubation rates were significantly higher in the obese population (80.5% vs. 64.7%, p=0.0026), and death rates were significantly lower in this group with a BMI greater than 30 (26.2% vs. 43.4%, p=0.0022). Values for inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6, D-dimer, and WBC) were not significantly different between obese and nonobese individuals. Multivariate logistic regression analysis determined that patients with higher BMIs had a significantly lower risk of mortality when controlled for severity of illness as indicated by sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score and age (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.90-0.98, p=0.0014). Conclusions: In our cohort of critically ill patients with COVID-19, obesity is associated with a greater risk of mechanical ventilation, but a lower risk of death even when accounting for severity of illness and age.
Surface treatment of 3D printed porous Ti6Al4V implants by ultraviolet photofunctionalization for improved osseointegration
Authors: Chuan Yin, Teng Zhang, Qingguang Wei, Hong Cai, Yan Cheng, Yun Tian, Huijie Leng, Caimei Wang, Shiqing Feng, Zhongjun Liu
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)

Three-dimensional (3D)-printed porous Ti6Al4V implants play an important role in the reconstruction of bone defects. However, its osseointegration capacity needs to be further improved, and related methods are inadequate, especially lacking customized surface treatment technology. Consequently, we aimed to design an omnidirectional radiator based on ultraviolet (UV) photofunctionalization for the surface treatment of 3D-printed porous Ti6Al4V implants, and studied its osseointegration promotion effects in vitro and in vivo, while elucidating related mechanisms. Following UV treatment, the porous Ti6Al4V scaffolds exhibited significantly improved hydrophilicity, cytocompatibility, and alkaline phosphatase activity, while preserving their original mechanical properties. The increased osteointegration strength was further proven using a rabbit condyle defect model in vivo, in which UV treatment exhibited a high efficiency in the osteointegration enhancement of porous Ti6Al4V scaffolds by increasing bone ingrowth (BI), the bone-implant contact ratio (BICR), and the mineralized/osteoid bone ratio. The advantages of UV treatment for 3D-printed porous Ti6Al4V implants using the omnidirectional radiator in the study were as follows: 1) it can significantly improve the osseointegration capacity of porous titanium implants despite the blocking out of UV rays by the porous structure; 2) it can evenly treat the surface of porous implants while preserving their original topography or other morphological features; and 3) it is an easy-to-operate low-cost process, making it worthy of wide clinical application.
NPHP1 gene-associated nephronophthisis is associated with an occult retinopathy
Authors: Johannes Birtel, Georg Spital, Marius Book, Sandra Habbig, Sören Bäumner, Vera Riehmer, Bodo B. Beck, David Rosenkranz, Hanno J. Bolz, Mareike Dahmer-Heath, Philipp Herrmann, Jens König, Peter Charbel Issa
Journal: Kidney International (2021)
Robert Noël Hadfield
Authors: Pandora Hadfield
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Robert Noel Hadfield (“Noel”) grew up in Southport and at his family’s holiday home overlooking Lake Windermere, which instilled a lifelong affinity with the Lake District. After Tonbridge School he studied medicine in London at University College Hospital. This was during the second world war, and to avoid bombing raids students were evacuated to Cardiff, until that too became a major target. After completing house jobs, Noel spent two years as a captain in the Royal Army Medical Corps in Kenya, learning …
Mitochondrial Tumor Suppressors—The Energetic Enemies of Tumor Progression
Authors: Pavel Jakoube, Valentina Cutano, Juan M. González-Morena, Zuzana Keckesova
Journal: Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract Tumor suppressors represent a critical line of defense against tumorigenesis. Their mechanisms of action and the pathways they are involved in provide important insights into cancer progression, vulnerabilities, and treatment options. Although nuclear and cytosolic tumor suppressors have been extensively investigated, relatively little is known about tumor suppressors localized within the mitochondria. However, recent research has begun to uncover the roles of these important proteins in suppressing tumorigenesis. Here, we review this newly developing field and summarize available information on mitochondrial tumor suppressors.
Rabbit Anti-Thymocyte Globulin Kills Leukemic Stem Cells to a Greater Degree Than Healthy Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Authors: Rosy Dabas, Poonam Dharmani-Khan, Monica Modi, Tiffany Van Slyke, Joanne Luider, Joseph M. Brandwein, Don Morris, Andrew Daly, Faisal M Khan, Jan Storek
Journal: Blood (2017)