tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 16587: Disruption Of Interleukin-18 Signaling Reduces Marker Of Myocardial T Cell Infiltration In A Mouse Model Of Hfpef
Authors: Adolfo G Mauro, Eleonora Mezzaroma, Pratyush Narayan, Salvatore Carbone, Antonio Abbate, Pilar Alcaide, Stefano Toldo
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: Low dose angiotensin II (ATII) infusion in the mouse induces a heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) phenotype, characterized by preserved left ventricular EF (LVEF) wi...
Reentrant and focal mechanisms underlying ventricular tachycardia in the human heart.
Authors: S MPogwizd, R HHoyt, J ESaffitz, P BCorr, J LCox, M ECain
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDTo determine the mechanisms of ventricular tachycardia (VT) in humans, three-dimensional intraoperative mapping of up to 156 intramural sites was performed in 13 patients with healed myocardial infarction and refractory VT.METHODS AND RESULTSMapping was of sufficient density to define the mechanism of 10 VTs in eight patients. In five of 10 cases, sustained VT was initiated in the subendocardium or epicardium by intramural reentry with marked conduction delay as well as functional and anatomic block most prominent in the subendocardium and midmyocardium. The initiating beats of reentrant VT induced by programmed electrical stimulation arose in the endocardium or midmyocardium by progressive slowing of conduction leading to unidirectional block. Multiple simultaneous reentrant circuits can be present. In contrast, five of the 10 sustained VTs were initiated by a focal mechanism as defined by the absence of electrical activity between the termination of one beat and the initiation of the next desp...
Platelet-targeted fibrinolysis enhances clot lysis and inhibits platelet aggregation.
Authors: CBode, GMeinhardt, M SRunge, MFreitag, TNordt, MArens, J BNewell, WKübler, EHaber
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDAlthough plasminogen activator therapy has been shown to reduce mortality in patients with severe myocardial infarction, several problems fuel the search for more potent and specific thrombolytic agents.METHODS AND RESULTSTo explore the effect of plasminogen activator targeting to platelets, we covalently linked urokinase that had been modified with N-succinimidyl-3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate to the Fab' of a monoclonal antibody (7E3) that selectively binds to platelet membrane glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa. In an assay measuring (as reflected by plasmin generation) a plasminogen activator's ability to bind GP IIb/IIIa immobilized on plastic, urokinase-7E3 Fab' produced 31-fold more plasmin than did urokinase (p = 0.0001). The addition of solubilized GP IIb/IIIa blocked this enhancement of plasmin generation, indicating that binding was impaired. Plasmin generation reflecting binding to immobilized intact platelets was 2.4-fold greater for urokinase-7E3 Fab' than for unconjugated urokinase (p = 0....
Re-entrant ventricular arrhythmias in the late myocardial infarction period. 1. Conduction characteristics in the infarction zone.
Authors: NEl-Sherif, B JScherlag, RLazzara, R RHope
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Dogs 3-7 days following ligation of the anterior descending coronary artery representing a remarkably stable model for re-entrant ventricular arrhythmias (RVA) and allowed detailed electrophysiologic studies of the re-entrant mechanism. In these dogs, we could regularly illustrate the presence of continuous electrical activity originating from the infarction zone (IZ) and bridging the diastolic interval between the initiating and re-entrant beats as well as between consecutive re-entrant beats. Conduction in the IZ was highly complex, with multiple potentially re-entrant pathways, functionally dissociated areas, and areas of localized ventricular fibrillation. Conduction disorders in ischemic myocardium were consistently tachycardia-dependent with the spontaneous onset of RVA specifically associated with a Wenckebach-like conduction pattern in a potentially re-entrant pathway. Both manifest and concealed re-entry, as well as re-entrant beats with regular extrasystolic grouping, constant or variable coupli...
Effect of endogenously produced leukotrienes and thromboxane on renal vascular resistance in rabbit hydronephrosis.
Authors: C RAlbrightson, A SEvers, A CGriffin, PNeedleman
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

Ureteral obstruction in rabbits is characterized by mononuclear cell invasion of the renal cortex and proliferative fibrosis that is associated with exaggerated prostaglandin synthesis in response to vasoactive and inflammatory cell agonists. In this investigation, we studied the effects of the chemotactic peptide N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) and bradykinin (BK) on eicosanoid synthesis and renal vascular resistance in the ex vivo perfused hydronephrotic kidney (HNK). Administration of fMLP resulted in the dose-dependent synthesis of leukotrienes, thromboxane A2 (TXA2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and prostacyclin (PGI2). Peptidoleukotriene synthesis was monitored by specific radioimmunoassay and by guinea pig ileum bioassay and it was then validated by inhibition of the ileal contractile activity with the peptidoleukotriene receptor antagonist FPL-55712. The leukotrienes produced were identified as LTB4, LTC4, LTD4, and LTE4 by comigration with authentic standards on reverse phase high-perfo...
Abstract 11244: Calcium/calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase II (CaMKII) Signaling in Cardiomyocytes Initiates Inflammasome Required for Adverse Cardiac Remodeling in Response to Pressure Overload
Authors: Takeshi Suetomi, Andrew Willeford, Cameron Brand, Shigeki Miyamoto, Joan Heller Brown
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction and Hypothesis: Sterile inflammation is associated with cardiac remodeling in response to non-ischemic stress, but how it is initiated in the absence of cell death and how it is propag...
Human right ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relation defined by maximal elastance.
Authors: K ABrown, R VDitchey
Journal: Circulation (1988)

This study was undertaken to determine 1) whether a combined radionuclide-hemodynamic technique could define the right ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relation (RV ESPVR) in the clinical setting, 2) whether the human RV ESPVR defined by maximal elastance is linear and responsive to inotropic interventions, and 3) whether more easily measured modifications of the ESPVR are reliable substitutes as an index of RV function. Eight patients with normal RV function were studied with simultaneous micromanometer RV pressure measurements and radionuclide ventriculography to construct RV pressure-volume loops. Data were collected at baseline and after at least two alterations in loading conditions with nitroglycerin, phenylephrine, or saline. End systole was defined by maximal elastance (E(t) = P(t)/[V(t) - V0]). Data were also obtained during administration of dobutamine in four patients and after atrial pacing tachycardia in one patient. The RV ESPVR defined by maximal elastance was highly linear (r = 0.9...
Toxic Chemicals in Agriculture
Journal: BMJ (1951)

soundness of this advice or that of the B.B.C. ; but if in effect the general practitioners of this country are being asked, so to say, to underwrite someone else's dietetic policy, they will have reason to protest. Dr. Taylor ends the article to which reference has been made by pointing out that the diet he advocates is on the low side for vitamins A and D, adding,  That is why I suggested a word with your doctor on the subject of vitamin supplements before you start. It may be imagined that the Ministry of Health will have to consider whether such vitamin supplements are to be regarded as medicines to be issued free of charge under the National Health Ser vice, or whether they should be looked on as a form of concentrated food suitable for those enjoying a certain diet. The drug bill for the nation is already grossly inflated^ and it would seem but common sense to expect that the fat, who eat too much, should pay for their folly and not expect the taxpayer to do it for them. The B.B.C. is probably only now beginning to be aware of the growing implications of this novel and much publicized experiment in the treatment of a human failing. Obesity is a borderline case between health and disease, and the undoubted appeal of the B.B.C. enterprise may whet the appetite of both it and the public for a similar experiment which may cross the borderline. For that reason alone, the medical profession will want to watch the results of this experiment very closely.
Characterization of a potentially reversible increase in beta-adrenergic receptors in isolated, neonatal rat cardiac myocytes with impaired energy metabolism.
Authors: L MBuja, K HMuntz, TRosenbaum, ZHaghani, D KBuja, ASen, K RChien, J TWillerson
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

Previous studies have reported that the numbers of beta- and alpha-adrenergic receptors increase in ischemic myocardium. In vivo studies have raised questions regarding the mechanisms involved in the adrenergic receptor alterations and the consequences of these alterations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate potential relationships among beta-adrenergic receptor changes, high energy phosphate reduction, and severity of cell injury in cultured neonatal rat myocytes treated with metabolic inhibitors. The potential for reversal of the receptor changes also was addressed. Binding parameters were measured using [125I]iodocyanopindolol. After 4 hours incubation in potassium cyanide and 2-deoxyglucose, there was a 43% increase in beta-adrenergic receptor number, 41% decrease in adenosine triphosphate, and minimal morphological change in myocytes. Twenty-four hours after removal of the inhibitors, myocytes exhibited a return to normal of the receptor number and adenosine triphosphate level. Iodoacetate tre...
Cellular mechanisms of normal growth in the mammalian heart. I. Qualitative and quantitative features of ventricular architecture in the dog from birth to five months of age.
Authors: M JLegato
Journal: Circulation Research (1979)

This paper describes the qualitative and quantitative composition of dog myocardium over the first 5 months of life. The quantitative composition of dog right and left ventricle over this period does not vary. A stereological analysis of electron micrographs representing 32,000 micron2 of tissue surface revealed that 79% of the heart is made up of myofibers, whereas 21% is extracellular space. Twenty-eight percent of the extracellular compartment by volume is vasculature (tissue was preserved by immersion rather than vascular perfusion); 72% is occupied by nonvascular elements and empty space. In contrast to the remarkable constancy of quantitative composition of the whole myocardium, myocyte shape and dimensions and the arrangement of intercellular connections vary dramatically over the age period studied. In early postnatal life, the morphology of blood vessels, many of which have completely partitioned lumina, also changes significantly.
Prevalence And Clinical Characteristics Of Gastrointestinal Manifestations In Covid-19 Patients In Peru: A Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: HS Agurto, I Veramendi-Schultz, L Vásquez-Elera, Z Gonzales-Soler, A Lozano, R Zavaleta Alva, I Marín-Dueñas, J Vega, C Bautista-Altamirano
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims World Health Organization defined the Coronavirus Disease 2019 as an international public health emergency. Although the majority have respiratory symptoms; there is evidence that it can also present with digestive symptoms such as diarrhea or abdominal pain. Our objective was to determine the prevalence and describe clinical characteristics of gastrointestinal manifestations in patients hospitalized for coronavirus in a multicenter cohort from Peru.
Confounding in epidemiological studies
Authors: J. Cuzick, A. Szarewski
Journal: BMJ (1992)

draw attention to the problems of confounding, especially residual confounding, in epidemiological studies.'This is poorly under- stood and has led to many serious misunder- standings.It should always be considered as an explanation of any epidemiological association, but in some cases observational studies cannot resolve the issue, and one should not conclude that possibly confounded exposures should be ignored.When this impasse is reached it may be more appropriate to consider intervention studies.The example of smoking and cervical cancer is a case in point.Early observations of this association were played down because of possible confounding with sexual behaviour.The relation was not, however, weakened when attempts were made to adjust more carefully for this--a procedure that often indicates residual confounding-and now dozens of carefully designed studies have found a strong relation.Clearly, randomising young women to smoke or not would be both ridiculous and unethical.We are attempting to study the effects of stopping smoking on untreated but carefully monitored mild cervical disease, with reference to both clinical and immunological vari- ables.Studies of this kind may prove useful in resolving the problems of counfounding.
Mitral valve replacement with and without chordal preservation in patients with chronic mitral regurgitation. Mechanisms for differences in postoperative ejection performance.
Authors: J DRozich, B ACarabello, B WUsher, J MKratz, A EBell, M RZile
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDStandard mitral valve replacement (MVR) in patients with chronic mitral regurgitation consistently results in a decrease in postoperative left ventricular (LV) ejection performance. This fall in ejection performance has been attributed, at least in part, to unfavorable loading conditions imposed by the elimination of the low-impedance pathway for LV emptying into the left atrium. In contrast to standard MVR in which the chordae tendineae are severed, however, MVR with chordal preservation (MVR-CP) does not usually decrease LV ejection performance despite similar removal of the low-impedance pathway. The purpose of the present study was to define the mechanisms responsible for this discordance in postoperative ejection performance between MVR with and without chordal preservation.METHODS AND RESULTSEchocardiography and sphygmomanometer blood pressures were obtained in 15 patients with pure chronic mitral regurgitation before and 7-10 days after mitral valve surgery. These measurements were used t...
Abstract 247: Heparanase-overexpressed Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhances Angiogenesis Via Hypoxia-inducible Factor-2α/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 Pathway
Authors: Xin YangHu, LingZhang, JingJin, HuiqiangCheng, HanChen, Jian-anWang
Journal: Circulation Research (2014)

Background: Heparanase is an endoglycosidase involved in the cleavage of the heparin sulfate and plays important role in tumor metastasis and angiogenesis. Here we showed heparanase - overexpressed mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) promoted angiogenesis in rat model after femoral artery ligation, and its underlying mechanism was via endothelial cells migration by Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-2α (HIF-2α) / vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (Flk-1) pathway and collateral formation. Methods: MSCs were transduced with heparanase (MSC heparanase), control cells were either nontransduced (MSCWT) or transduced with empty vector (MSCNull). The effect of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) migration, tube formation and the role for heparanase were determined by transwell, matrigel and arterial rings asaay after co-culture with MSCheparanase, MSCNull and MSCWT conditioned medium. Moreover, right femoral artery was occluded in rats receiving PBS or MSCNull or MSCheparanase, blood flow recovery was as...
Broad and potent neutralizing human antibodies to tick-borne flaviviruses protect mice from disease
Authors: Marianna Agudelo, Martin Palus, Jennifer R. Keeffe, Filippo Bianchini, Pavel Svoboda, Jiří Salát, Avery Peace, Anna Gazumyan, Melissa Cipolla, Tania Kapoor, Francesca Guidetti, Kai-Hui Yao, Jana Elsterová, Dana Teislerová, Aleš Chrdle, Václav Hönig, Thiago Oliveira, Anthony P. West, Yu E. Lee, Charles M. Rice, Margaret R. MacDonald, Pamela J. Bjorkman, Daniel Růžek, Davide F. Robbiani, Michel C. Nussenzweig
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2021)

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is an emerging human pathogen that causes potentially fatal disease with no specific treatment. Mouse monoclonal antibodies are protective against TBEV, but little is known about the human antibody response to infection. Here, we report on the human neutralizing antibody response to TBEV in a cohort of infected and vaccinated individuals. Expanded clones of memory B cells expressed closely related anti-envelope domain III (EDIII) antibodies in both groups of volunteers. However, the most potent neutralizing antibodies, with IC50s below 1 ng/ml, were found only in individuals who recovered from natural infection. These antibodies also neutralized other tick-borne flaviviruses, including Langat, louping ill, Omsk hemorrhagic fever, Kyasanur forest disease, and Powassan viruses. Structural analysis revealed a conserved epitope near the lateral ridge of EDIII adjoining the EDI–EDIII hinge region. Prophylactic or early therapeutic antibody administration was effective at low doses in mice that were lethally infected with TBEV.
Mechanisms of signal transduction during alpha 2-adrenergic receptor-mediated contraction of vascular smooth muscle.
Authors: T KAburto, CLajoie, K GMorgan
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

Little is known about the signaling pathways involved in alpha 2-adrenergic receptor-mediated contraction of vascular smooth muscle. In the present study, we measured intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i), myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation, and myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity during stimulation with the relatively selective alpha 2-agonist UK 14304. These effects were compared and contrasted with corresponding changes during depolarization by elevation of the [K+] in the bathing medium. These studies were performed using spiral strips of the rabbit saphenous vein, a tissue with a relatively high density of postsynaptic alpha 2-receptors. UK 14304 (10(-5) M) caused parallel changes in [Ca2+]i, MLC phosphorylation, and force consisting of an initial phasic, followed by a sustained steady-state response. The steady-state increase in [Ca2+]i, MLC phosphorylation, and force caused by UK 14304 in the presence of 2.5 mM extracellular Ca2+ were indistinguishable from those during 51 mM K+ depolarization. However, when...
Mild pressure loading alters right ventricular function in fetal sheep.
Authors: C WPinson, M JMorton, K LThornburg
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Right ventricular function before and during 10 days of mild pressure loading (10 mm Hg increase in mean pulmonary arterial pressure) was compared with right ventricular function in unloaded near-term fetal sheep. Pressure loading did not alter fetal arterial blood gases or vascular pressures. The right ventricular function curve (stroke volume versus mean right atrial pressure) was not significantly altered by loading. However, the relation between right ventricular stroke volume and increased arterial pressure was dramatically shifted upward, indicating improved ventricular function after the 10-day loading period. Normalized free wall of the loaded right ventricles became thicker (1.2 +/- 0.2 versus 0.9 +/- 0.2 mm/kg, p less than 0.01) and heavier (2.7 +/- 0.4 g/kg versus 2.2 +/- 0.4 g/kg, p less than 0.05) than control, and the ratio of the equatorial radius of curvature to wall thickness decreased (3.2 +/- 0.5 versus 4.5 +/- 0.9, p less than 0.005). Left ventricular free wall and septal weights and t...
Dependence of hypoxic cellular calcium loading on Na(+)-Ca2+ exchange.
Authors: M CHaigney, HMiyata, E GLakatta, M DStern, H SSilverman
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

Na(+)-Ca2+ exchange has been shown to contribute to reperfusion- and reoxygenation-induced cellular Ca2+ loading and damage in the heart. Despite the fact that both [Na+]i and [Ca2+]i have been documented to rise during ischemia and hypoxia, it remains unclear whether the rise in [Ca2+]i occurring during hypoxia is linked to the rise in [Na+]i via Na(+)-Ca2+ exchange before reoxygenation and how this relates to cellular injury. Single electrically stimulated (0.2 Hz) adult rat cardiac myocytes loaded with Na(+)-sensitive benzofuran isophthalate (SBFI), the new fluorescent probe, were exposed to glucose-free hypoxia (PO2 less than 0.02 mm Hg), and SBFI fluorescence was monitored to index changes in [Na+]i. Parallel experiments were performed with indo-1-loaded cells to index [Ca2+]i. The SBFI fluorescence ratio (excitation, 350/380 nm) rose significantly during hypoxia after the onset of ATP-depletion contracture, consistent with a rise in [Na+]i. At reoxygenation, the ratio fell rapidly toward baseline le...
Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) Elastography And Contrast Enhanced Eus For Discrimination Of Pancreatic Masses
Authors: A Taleb, A Abd El-Rahim, A Abdel-Fattah, N Zayed, M Ibrahim
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Investigate the clinical utility of contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound (CEEUS) and endoscopic ultrasound elastography (EUS-E) in diagnosis of pancreatic masses.
TCTAP C-085 Embolization of the Arteries of the Lower Jaw with Massive Bleeding from the Aneurysmal Bone Cyst
Authors: Sergey Vladimirovich Sokolov, Irina E. Nikolaeva, Vladimir V. Plechev, Albina Enikeeva, Igor Dmitriev, Igor V. Buzaev
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Surface topography of stenotic aortic valves by scanning electron microscopy.
Authors: J MRiddle, D JMagilligan, P DStein
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Surface features of 19 stenotic aortic valves from patients undergoing valve replacement were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Villi, prominent on five valves, were distributed either singularly or in clusters and differed in shape. Endothelial cells had microvilli and bulbous surface projections. Endothelial disruption with a focal loss of endothelial cells was uniformly observed. Erythrocytes were found scattered over the exposed subendothelial surface or enmeshed within fibrin networks on 11 of the valves. Activated leukocytes were seen on four valves and showed veil-like projections as well as microvilli. Platelets, observed on three valves, displayed pseudopodial formation and hyalomeric spreading, signifying an increased degree of membrane response. Most platelet aggregates were composed entirely of dendritic forms (reversible aggregates), but a few also contained spread forms (irreversible aggreates). Focal deposits of crystalline material, presumably containing calcium, were observed ...
Distance correction for precordial electrocardiographic voltage in estimating left ventricular mass: an echocardiographic study.
Authors: J DHorton, H SSherber, E GLakatta
Journal: Circulation (1977)

This study was undertaken to assess both the relation between echocardiographic measurement of left ventricular (LV) mass and commonly used electrocardiographic criteria for LV hypertrophy and the effect of the distance from the center of LV mass to the anterior chest wall on precordial voltage. Echocardiograms and standard 12-lead electrocardiograms were obtained on 100 persons, ages 3 to 79. The correlation coefficients of echocardiographically determined LV mass with ECG precordial voltage (SV1 + RV5 or V6), the Estes point score system, and a VL4 wave voltage were .686, .721, and .531, respectively. Extrapolating from the dipole nature of the heart, the precrodial voltage was multiplied by the square of the chest wall to mid-LV distance to correct for the loss of energy across the distance from LV to recording electrode. Utilizing this correction, a much improved precordial voltage estimation of LV mass (r = .846) was obtained. We conclude that the distance of the center of LV mass from the chest wall...