tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Echocardiography.
Authors: A. McLeod
Journal: BMJ (1988)

criteria be waived because of the urgency of the situation is shared by the gay community.We should not, however, abandon all scientific caution for a treatment that may be worse than the disease.The best way to do this is to encourage enrolment into the trial and to hope that results will become apparent quickly so that the trial need not run its planned course and that publication and dissemination of the results will be rapid so that the usual long delays can be avoided.
Real-world analyses of major adverse cardiovascular event risk by drug class after initiation of androgen deprivation therapy.
Authors: E. David Crawford, Stuart Atkinson, Deborah Boldt-Houle, Lucio N. Gordan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

46 Background: Recent literature has suggested an association between androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and increased cardiovascular (CV) risk in prostate cancer (PCa) patients. 1,2 The 1-year incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients ≥45 years old was 1.4%, 3 whereas a recent study of PCa patients on ADT reported MACE in 2.9% of patients treated with an LHRH antagonist (relugolix) and 6.2% of patients treated with an LHRH agonist (leuprolide acetate) over 48 weeks. 4 Thus, MACE risk is an important consideration for PCa patients on ADT. This study aims to evaluate MACE risk after ADT initiation with LHRH agonists vs. LHRH antagonists using real-world data. Methods: Analyses of US electronic medical records (2010 to 2020) of PCa patients (n=45,059) receiving LHRH agonist and antagonist injections were conducted to evaluate the rate of MACE-free survival after ADT initiation by drug class. The database contained 178,388 LHRH agonist and antagonist injection entries and 965 documented MACE events. Exclusion criteria included taking more than one class of ADT and MACE within 6 months prior to ADT initiation. MACE was defined as myocardial infarction, stroke, and death from any cause based on a recent study in this field. 4 Kaplan-Meier event-free survival curves were constructed to compare the risk of MACE between patients on agonist vs. antagonist. Statistical significance between survival curves was evaluated by log-rank test. Results: Overall MACE risk for all patients was 1.0% at one year. MACE risk was significantly higher for patients treated with LHRH antagonist compared to agonists in the first seven years after ADT initiation. Conclusions: Risk of MACE was lower than previously reported. Although this may potentially be due to underreporting, our analysis of data over 10 years from &gt;45,000 PCa patients is likely an accurate reflection of the real world. A recent study using large real-world dataset with &gt;50,000 PCa patients over approximately 2 years showed no difference in CV risk following treatment with GnRH agonists and antagonists. 5 However, in our analyses MACE risk was lower in patients treated with LHRH agonists vs. antagonists in the first seven years after ADT initiation. Further, we plan to evaluate baseline comorbidities and demographics for imbalances. Future studies evaluating the impact of ADT class and comorbidities on MACE risk for PCa patients during ADT may be helpful to identify CV predictors. 1 Ng C-F, et al. Scientific Reports. 2020. 2 Zhao J, et al. PLoS One. 2014. 3 Miao B, et al. J of the American Heart Association. 2020. 4 Shore ND, et al. New England Journal of Medicine. 2020. 5 George G, et al. Int J Cancer. 2021.
Functions, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications of METTL14 in human cancer
Authors: Qian Guan, Huiran Lin, Lei Miao, Huiqin Guo, Yongping Chen, Zhenjian Zhuo, Jing He
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2022)

Abstract RNA modification plays a crucial role in many biological functions, and its abnormal regulation is associated with the progression of cancer. Among them, N 6 -methyladenine (m 6 A) is the most abundant RNA modification. Methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14) is the central component of the m 6 A methylated transferase complex, which is involved in the dynamic reversible process of m 6 A modification. METTL14 acts as both an oncogene and tumor suppressor gene to regulate the occurrence and development of various cancers. The abnormal m 6 A level induced by METTL14 is related to tumorigenesis, proliferation, metastasis, and invasion. To date, the molecular mechanism of METTL14 in various malignant tumors has not been fully studied. In this paper, we systematically summarize the latest research progress on METTL14 as a new biomarker for cancer diagnosis and its biological function in human tumors and discuss its potential clinical application. This study aims to provide new ideas for targeted therapy and improved prognoses in cancer.
Somatic Genomic Testing in Patients With Metastatic or Advanced Cancer: ASCO Provisional Clinical Opinion
Authors: Debyani Chakravarty, Amber Johnson, Jeffrey Sklar, Neal I. Lindeman, Kathleen Moore, Shridar Ganesan, Christine M. Lovly, Jane Perlmutter, Stacy W. Gray, Jimmy Hwang, Christopher Lieu, Fabrice André, Nilofer Azad, Mitesh Borad, Laura Tafe, Hans Messersmith, Mark Robson, Funda Meric-Bernstam
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

An ASCO provisional clinical opinion offers timely clinical direction to ASCO's membership following publication or presentation of potentially practice-changing data from major studies. This provisional clinical opinion addresses the appropriate use of tumor genomic testing in patients with metastatic or advanced solid tumors.An increasing number of therapies are approved to treat cancers harboring specific genomic biomarkers. However, there is a lack of clarity as to when tumor genomic sequencing should be ordered, what type of assays should be performed, and how to interpret the results for treatment selection.Patients with metastatic or advanced cancer should undergo genomic sequencing in a certified laboratory if the presence of one or more specific genomic alterations has regulatory approval as biomarkers to guide the use of or exclusion from certain treatments for their disease. Multigene panel-based assays should be used if more than one biomarker-linked therapy is approved for the patient's disease. Site-agnostic approvals for any cancer with a high tumor mutation burden, mismatch repair deficiency, or neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) fusions provide a rationale for genomic testing for all solid tumors. Multigene testing may also assist in treatment selection by identifying additional targets when there are few or no genotype-based therapy approvals for the patient's disease. For treatment planning, the clinician should consider the functional impact of the targeted alteration and expected efficacy of genomic biomarker-linked options relative to other approved or investigational treatments.Additional information is available at www.asco.org/assays-and-predictive-markers-guidelines.
Chronic asthma in children
Authors: D. D. Schwartz
Journal: JAMA (1972)

In contrast to many disease conditions that show a precipitous rise in patients over the age of 45 years, allergic disorders exert an equal impact on those under 45. Data from the National Health Survey in 1966-1967 show that, as a cause of limitation of activity in persons under 45, asthmaallergic rhinitis is second or third only to impairments of back and spine, and mental and nervous conditions.<sup>1</sup>Perhaps even more significant, asthma—allergic rhinitis was the leading cause of limitation of activity among nearly 30% of persons under age 17. Clinical forms of asthma as perceived today include allergic or spasmodic asthma, allergic asthma complicated by infection, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, infective asthma, asthma with nasal polyps and aspirin sensitivity, chronic asthma without bronchitis, chronic bronchitis with asthma, and status asthmaticus.<sup>2</sup> Despite the sophistication of this recent classification, the controversy continues whether asthma is a symptom or a disease.
Radiologie clinique du tube digestif.
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Appendicitis.
Authors: B. F. Hart
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Marietta, Ohio, Feb. 15, 1898. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I have been interested for some time past to learn how it happens that some doctors have so many cases of appendicitis, upon which they find it necessary to operate. Is it not a fact that most of the so-called cases of appendicitis are primarily impaction of the cecum and colon, which by proper medication can be relieved and avoid the operation? These thoughts come to my mind from the fact that I have been in a very active general practice, medical and surgical, for the past fifty-four years, and have never had but one case that needed operation, and that one in my early service, and far advanced. I lanced it and he soon made a good recovery. I think that with those in which I have been called in consultation, I have treated more than one hundred cases without the
ARTIFICIAL PNEUMOTHORAX
Authors: J. D. MacFie, G. Napier
Journal: BMJ (1930)

AuTIFICIAI lplleunlotiorax is compar atively easy to inidUce; the immediate deatli rate is low, aild the conitinuance of tIeatmeiit interferes little w\ith tie p)atielit's vocation.Thle esults contrast favouIrably with t1hose of untreated cases of equal severity.'VIse osilv drawbacks to the use of this tr-eatment by the general pr actitioner are: (1) lack of .1-raya1)lIparatus--a very valutible, if n1ot esseiltial, adjutnct to this proCcdure; (2) the difficulty of s.electing suitable cases, On which the wliole success of the treatment depeisds; and (3) tlle lack of a definite course oni tuberculosis inl many of the medical schools'.
Magnetic bioassembly platforms towards the generation of extracellular vesicles from human salivary gland functional organoids for epithelial repair
Authors: Ajjima Chansaenroj, Christabella Adine, Sawanya Charoenlappanit, Sittiruk Roytrakul, Ladawan Sariya, Thanaphum Osathanon, Sasitorn Rungarunlert, Ganokon Urkasemsin, Risa Chaisuparat, Supansa Yodmuang, Glauco R. Souza, João N. Ferreira
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2022)

Salivary glands (SG) are exocrine organs with secretory units commonly injured by radiotherapy. Bio-engineered organoids and extracellular vesicles (EV) are currently under investigation as potential strategies for SG repair. Herein, three-dimensional (3D) cultures of SG functional organoids (SGo) and human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSC) were generated by magnetic 3D bioassembly (M3DB) platforms. Fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) was used to enrich the SGo in secretory epithelial units. After 11 culture days via M3DB, SGo displayed SG-specific acinar epithelial units with functional properties upon neurostimulation. To consistently develop 3D hDPSC
NCCN News
Authors: Ronald Walters, N Shulman
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2019)

NCCN hosted a policy summit at the National Press Club in Washington, DC, addressing how to define, measure, and apply quality in cancer care.Speakers across the cancer care continuum shared perspectives on current quality measurement initiatives including the Oncology Care Model and the Merit-based Incentive Payment System (MIPS), and looked ahead to future trends in this area."A lot of effort has already gone toward measuring quality via various reporting programs in order to improve performance," said
Outcomes according to histological variants of urothelial carcinoma after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the GETUG-AFU V05 VESPER trial.
Authors: Yves Allory, Stephane Culine, Clémentine Krucker, Valentin Harter, Christian Pfister
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

533 Background: The histological variants of urothelial carcinoma (UC) may impact the outcomes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Previous studies provided contradictory results because of bias related to their retrospective design. Our aim was to assess pathological response and 3-year (yr) progression free survival (PFS) according to UC variants for patients included within the French prospective Vesper clinical trial (NCT01812369). Methods: 493 patients received dose-dense Methotrexate, Vinblastine, Doxorubicin and Cisplatin (dd-MVAC) or Gemcitabine and Cisplatin (GC) after randomization in the VESPER trial. This ancillary study was restricted to 437 patients treated in neoadjuvant setting. A central pathological review of initial transurethral diagnostic specimens allowed to assess UC variants (if ≥10% tumor area) and the presence of tumor emboli, perineural invasion, and CIS. Results: Slides were available for central review in 303 cases. UC variants were present in 180 patients (59%). Tumor emboli, perineural invasion, and CIS were noticed in 119 (39%), 24 (8%) and 143 (47%) cases. In comparison with pure UC, the presence of UC variants was not associated with different complete pathological response (ypT0N0) (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.48-1.27) or 3 yr PFS (HR 1.25, 95%CI 0.83-1.86). Tumor emboli were negatively associated with ypT0N0 (OR 0.57, 95%CI 0.35-0.95, p = 0.029), organ confined disease (OR 0.44, 95%CI 0.26-0.75, p = 0.002) and 3 yr PFS (HR 1.81, 95%CI 1.23-2.67, p = 0.003). Perineural invasion were negatively associated with organ confined disease (OR 0.29, 95%CI 0.12-0.68, p = 0.005) and 3 yr PFS (HR 2.54, 95%CI 1.47-4.40, p &lt; 0.001). There was no association for CIS. Conclusions: In the VESPER trial, UC variants were not associated with distinct pathological response or 3 yr PFS after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Future studies will determine whether molecular subtypes are associated or not with distinct outcome.
Vasomotor rhinitis.
Authors: A S Jones, J M Lancer
Journal: BMJ (1987)

accompanied by a considerable increase in the excretion of xanthine, and a lesser amount of hypoxanthine.2334Hypoxanthine is soluble, but xanthine is about as insoluble as urate-but, unlike urate, its solubility does not increase when the urine is alkalinised.Thus when allopurinol is used in states of gross urate overproduction xanthine may precipitate in the kidney and urinary tract.23 35"4 Allopurinol must thus be used with care and given only when there is clear evidence of therapeutic benefit.Its use in gout is established, and as well as controlling symptoms it may protect renal function,45 especially in familial cases."Its use for moderate symptomless hyperuricaemia has so far no firm support6'12 either for protecting renal function47 or reducing cardiovascular risk.Because of the very occasional disastrous reaction the use ofallopurinol is not recommended in the many people with mild symptomless hyperuricaemia.In any patient presenting with gout or hyperuricaemia potential causes such as diet and drugs, particularly di- uretics, should be sought and eliminated.In men under 30 and women not taking diuretics specialist advice should be sought to exclude metabolic defects before beginning treat- ment with allopurinol.
BUCHAREST
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In vivo emergence of high-level resistance during treatment reveals the first identified mechanism of amphotericin B resistance in Candida auris
Authors: Jeffrey M. Rybak, Katherine S. Barker, José F. Muñoz, Josie E. Parker, Suhail Ahmad, Eiman Mokaddas, Aneesa Abdullah, Rehab S. Elhagracy, Steve L. Kelly, Christina A. Cuomo, P. David Rogers
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2021)
Targeting CaMKII-δ9 Ameliorates Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Myocardial Inflammation
Authors: Yuan Yao, Fan Li, Mao Zhang, Li Jin, Peng Xie, Dairu Liu, Junxia Zhang, Xinli Hu, Fengxiang Lv, Haibao Shang, Wen Zheng, Xueting Sun, Jiaxin Duanmu, Fujian Wu, Feng Lan, Rui-Ping Xiao, Yan Zhang
Journal: Circulation Research (2022)

Background: CaMKII (Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent kinase II) plays a central role in cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury—an important therapeutic target for ischemic heart disease. In the heart, CaMKII-δ is the predominant isoform and further alternatively spliced into 11 variants. In humans, CaMKII-δ9 and CaMKII-δ3, the major cardiac splice variants, inversely regulate cardiomyocyte viability with the former pro-death and the latter pro-survival. However, it is unknown whether specific inhibition of the detrimental CaMKII-δ9 prevents cardiac I/R injury and, if so, what is the underlying mechanism. Here, we aim to investigate the cardioprotective effect of specific CaMKII-δ9 inhibition against myocardial I/R damage and determine the underlying mechanisms. Methods: The role and mechanism of CaMKII-δ9 in cardiac I/R injury were investigated in mice in vivo, neonatal rat ventricular myocytes, and human embryonic stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes. Results: We demonstrate that CaMKII-δ9 inhibition with knockdown or knockout of its feature exon, exon 16, protects the heart against I/R-elicited injury and subsequent heart failure. I/R-induced cardiac inflammation was also ameliorated by CaMKII-δ9 inhibition, and compared with the previously well-studied CaMKII-δ2, CaMKII-δ9 overexpression caused more profound cardiac inflammation. Mechanistically, in addition to IKKβ (inhibitor of NF-κB [nuclear factor-κB] kinase subunit β), CaMKII-δ9, but not δ2, directly interacted with IκBα (NF-κB inhibitor α) with its feature exon 13-16-17 combination and increased IκBα phosphorylation and consequently elicited more pronounced activation of NF-κB signaling and inflammatory response. Furthermore, the essential role of CaMKII-δ9 in myocardial inflammation and damage was confirmed in human cardiomyocytes. Conclusions: We not only identified CaMKII-δ9-IKK/IκB-NF-κB signaling as a new regulator of human cardiomyocyte inflammation but also demonstrated that specifically targeting CaMKII-δ9, the most abundant CaMKII-δ splice variant in human heart, markedly suppresses I/R-induced cardiac NF-κB activation, inflammation, and injury and subsequently ameliorates myocardial remodeling and heart failure, providing a novel therapeutic strategy for various ischemic heart diseases.
Poliomyelitis
Authors: J. Mills
Journal: BMJ (1947)

Without submitting any ready solution of Africa's problems I suggest that it should be borne in mind that the population problem is one of balance, and that the economy of grossly underdeveloped, countries can be improved more readily and more to the general advantage of the world by an increase in the supportive capacity of the land than by a restriction of population, though ultimately that must come.Colonial development is not " whistling in the wind " but the essential background of human welfare, which should be at least as much the concern of your readers as the policy of despair you advocate.The ignorant and poverty-stricken peasant is.admittedly an inadequate foundation for an enlightened state of society, or for the production of goods to be exchanged with industrial countries.The remedy may lie in the cure of his ignorance and poverty rather than in the restriction of his numbers.-Iam, etc.,
MOTOR NOTES FOR MEDICAL MEN
Authors: H. M. Buist
Journal: BMJ (1920)

NOTHING, could better illustrate the chaotic conditioms of to-day than the situation in regard to nmotor fuel.A montlh ago there was every prospect that the world would have to pay more and yet more for its petrol and benzol.Yet tllis week tlhreepence a gallon lhas been taken off the price of petrol in tllis country.Some vendors are actually forecasting tlhat, whlen tlhe sixpence a gallon duty comes off at the end of tlle year, it will be
Accuracy of death certificates in bronchial asthma. Accuracy of certification procedures during the confidential inquiry by the British Thoracic Association. A subcommittee of the BTA Research Committee.
Journal: Thorax (1984)

The Research Committee of the British Thoracic Association conducted a confidential inquiry into death from asthma in adults aged 15-64 years resident in the West Midland and Mersey Regions during 1979. Death certificates recording the word asthma were received for 153 persons. The International Classification of Diseases code for the cause of death was obtained from the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys. Information about the patients, their illness, and their death was obtained by interviews, questionnaires, and inspection of patients' records. A panel of three physicians assisted by a pathologist assessed the clinical and, where applicable, the necropsy findings to ascertain whether bronchial asthma was the true cause of death. Of 147 assessable patients, 89 were considered by the panel to have died from asthma. In 77 of these cases the death certificates were correctly coded, whereas in 12 (13%) death was considered to have been wrongly attributed to another cause (falsely negative). Twenty four deaths on the other hand were considered to have been wrongly attributed to asthma (falsely positive). From this it appears that the total number of 101 certificates recording death from asthma represents a net overestimate of 13%. Accuracy was highest in the youngest age group. There were few discrepancies between the assessment of the panel and certified cause of death when a necropsy had been performed. The most common error (17% of all certificates) was failure to follow the procedure advised for completion of death certificates. This usually occurred when patients suffered from two or more conditions, or when death was sudden and necropsy was not performed.