tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impact Of Covid-19 Pandemic On Endoscopy Access Of Symptomatic Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeds (UGIB)
Authors: O Fagan, N Corcoran, K Van Der Mewre, R Hurley O’Dwyer, P Armstrong, D Crosnoi, V Parihar, C Steele, J Miranda
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims To compare time-to-endoscopy in admissions with UGIB during COVID restrictions (March-June 2020) with those in Pre-COVID- times (March-June 2019).To assess outcomes in patients admitted with UGIB in non-covid-19 and covid-19 times.
Parallel cardiac and vascular adaptation in hypertension.
Authors: M JRoman, P SSaba, RPini, MSpitzer, T GPickering, SRosen, M HAlderman, R BDevereux
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDAlthough vascular damage in the noncoronary circulation is a major cause of complications in hypertension, relatively little is known of the in vivo geometry and function of the arterial circulation in patients with uncomplicated hypertension or of their relation to left ventricular hypertrophy, a marker of enhanced risk of cardiovascular complications.METHODS AND RESULTSWall thickness and internal diameter of the common carotid artery and the presence of atherosclerosis within the extracranial carotid arteries were determined by ultrasound in 43 asymptomatic hypertensive patients and 43 normotensive subjects matched for sex, age, and body size. Vascular stiffness was estimated from simultaneous superimposed carotid pressure waveforms obtained with an external solid-state transducer. Left ventricular size and function were determined echocardiographically. Compared with normal subjects, hypertensive patients had greater left ventricular absolute and relative wall thicknesses, left ventricular ma...
Endocardial excision: a new surgical technique for the treatment of recurrent ventricular tachycardia.
Authors: M EJosephson, A HHarken, L NHorowitz
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Twelve patients with medically refractory ventricular tachycardia secondary to ischemic heart disease underwent surgery for cure of their arrhythmia. Preoperatively, the tachycardia could be reproducibly initiated and terminated in each patient by programmed stimulation. In all instances, intraoperative mapping localized the tachycardia to the border of the aneurysm, a site not routinely resected during aneurysmectomy. In nine instances, the area of origin involved the septum. During bypass the tachycardia could still be induced after standard aneurysmectomy or ventriculotomy in 11 of 12 patients. On the basis of intraoperative mapping, resection of endocardium in the area of origin (25--40% the circumference of the aneurysmectomy) up to normal muscle was performed. In one patient without a discrete aneurysm, endocardial excision alone through a ventriculotomy was performed. There was one operative death due to cardiogenic shock (preoperative ejection fraction 5%) and one late death due to rupture of a my...
Geographical disparities of incidence and prevalence of triple-negative breast cancers: Multistate study data analysis.
Authors: Hyein Jeon, Myeong Lee, Mohammed Jaloudi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

e12599 Background: Higher prevalence of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) in black women with associated poor outcomes due to various disparities is well documented within a single state. We examine multiple states to better understand the state effect on such differences in incidence and prevalence of TNBC in black women. Methods: Female patients of ages 19 years old and above with breast cancer from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program across 13 states (608 counties) from 2015 (n = 66,444) and 2016 (n = 66,122) were examined. The relationships between the proportion of black and white women and the rate of patients with different tumor subtypes (luminal A, luminal B, HR-HER2+, and triple negative) were examined at the county level using ordinary least-square regression models. In parallel, due to consideration of various state-specific healthcare policies, socio-cultural norms, and socio-economic disparities, multi-level regression models were applied to examine the nested, random effect of each state on TNBC prevalence in each county. Bonferroni correction was applied to reduce the Type I error caused by repeated use of the same variables in multiple tests. Results: The baseline breast cancer rates between black and white women were similar in the population (0.171% for black and 0.168% for white). Consistent to previous studies, we demonstrate a significant positive correlation (p &lt; 0.001) in TNBC in black females in both years. Surprisingly, when accounted for the random effects on states, 38.2% (2015) and 34.3% (2016) increase in incidence of TNBC in black females were seen, suggestive of state-specific disparity affecting race-specific health. In 2015, other subtypes of breast cancer in both black and white females did not result in significant relationship. Interestingly, in 2016, there was a significant relationship seen between the TNBC rate in white females and the white female population rate only after adjusting for the state effect (p = 0.026). This indicates the impact of non-biological factors such as state-wide health policies. Additionally, HR-HER2+ black females had a significant relationship against respective population rate only after adjusting for the state effect as well (p = 0.0394). For luminal A white females, a 15% decrease in incidence was seen after adjusting for state effect (p = 0.0424). Conclusions: This is the first known across-state examination of breast cancer subtypes by race with random effects on state. This study shows the role of state-specific factors affecting incidence in black and white females and potentially indicates the importance of state-level management for breast cancer on health disparities in addition to race-driven effects. Further studies are needed to elucidate comparable differences between states affecting the rates of various subtypes of breast cancer and thus health outcomes.
Quantification in vivo of increased LDL content and rate of LDL degradation in normal rabbit aorta occurring at sites susceptible to early atherosclerotic lesions.
Authors: D CSchwenke, T ECarew
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

While the exact mechanisms that initiate atherosclerotic lesions are unknown, considerable evidence supports a role for low density lipoprotein (LDL). We investigated whether in the normal rabbit, LDL metabolism in areas of aorta that are destined to become lesioned during cholesterol feeding differed from the metabolism in adjacent lesion-resistant aorta. These studies took advantage of the predictable pattern of early atherosclerotic lesions in the cholesterol-fed rabbit. Early lesions occur diffusely in the aortic arch and ascending aorta and distal to branch orifices in the abdominal aorta and the descending thoracic aorta. Arterial rates of irreversible degradation of LDL and concentrations of intact LDL were measured in susceptible and resistant sites with homologous doubly labeled LDL. LDL was labeled directly with 131I and with 125I-tyramine cellobiose. The latter label provides a highly sensitive means to determine the sites and rates of lipoprotein degradation in vivo. The arterial concentration...
Substance P induces a cardiovascular defense reaction in the rat: pharmacological characterization.
Authors: TUnger, SCarolus, GDemmert, DGanten, R ELang, CMaser-Gluth, HSteinberg, RVeelken
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

In this study in conscious rats, we tested the hypothesis that substance P, a central pressor peptide and a potential transmitter substance of pain pathways, could be involved in the cardiovascular defense reaction that is typically associated with unpleasant sensory stimuli. The hemodynamic responses to centrally administered substance P were pharmacologically characterized. The increases in blood pressure and heart rate after intracerebroventricular injections of substance P were accompanied by mesenteric and renal vasoconstriction and hind limb vasodilation (pulsed-Doppler flow probes). The pressor and vasoconstrictor responses were attenuated by peripheral alpha 1-adrenoceptor blockade with prazosin but were not influenced by blockade of vascular vasopressin receptors with d(CH2)5Tyr(Me) arginine vasopressin (AVP). Cardiac beta 1-adrenoceptor blockade with metoprolol abolished the tachycardic and reduced the pressor responses. Substance P-induced hind limb vasodilation was not sensitive to intravenous...
Distinct genomic landscapes of gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma depending on PD-L1 expression identify mutations in RAS–MAPK pathway and TP53 as potential predictors of immunotherapy efficacy
Authors: J.Y. Wang, J. Xiu, Y. Baca, H. Arai, F. Battaglin, N. Kawanishi, S. Soni, W. Zhang, J. Millstein, A.F. Shields, A. Grothey, B.A. Weinberg, J.L. Marshall, E. Lou, M. Khushman, D.P.S. Sohal, M.J. Hall, M. Oberley, D. Spetzler, L. Shen, W.M. Korn, H.J. Lenz
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Arteriographic predictors of spontaneous improvement in left ventricular function after myocardial infarction.
Authors: HSchwartz, R LLeiboff, R JKatz, A GWasserman, G BBren, P JVarghese, A MRoss
Journal: Circulation (1985)

To better characterize the changes in left ventricular ejection fraction after myocardial infarction, we compared radionuclide ventriculograms obtained acutely and 2 weeks after acute myocardial infarction in 40 patients. These patients underwent angiography within a mean of 4 hr and 20 min after the onset of symptoms of infarction and either received no therapy (32 patients who were control subjects in a thrombolysis trial) or did not experience reperfusion (eight patients) despite receiving streptokinase infusions. In all 40 patients, the change in left ventricular ejection fraction over 2 weeks was small (+2.6%). Patients were then grouped according to the presence or absence of residual flow on their angiograms. Residual flow was considered to be present in 21 patients, in 12 by virtue of subtotal occlusion of the artery supplying the area of infarct and in nine because of well-developed coronary collaterals to the distal infarct artery. Mean change in ejection fraction for patients with residual flow...
Vascular responses to arachidonic acid in the perfused canine lung.
Authors: T CWicks, J CRose, MJohnson, P WRamwell, P AKot
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

We compared the effects of arachidonic acid (AA), the bisenoic prostaglandin precursor, with those of prostaglandin F2a (PGF2a) and norepinephrine (NE) on pulmonary vascular resistance in the isolated (in situ), perfused canine lung lobe. The isolated lobe was perfused with autologous blood or an artificial perfusate under conditions of constant flow. Lobar artery and venous pressures were constantly monitored after bolus injections of AA, PGF2a, and NE into the inflow cannula. AA (100 mug/kg produced a significant increase in the pressure gradient (93.3 +/- 8.4%, SE) in the lobe. Similarly, PGF2a (1 mug/kg) significantly increased the pressure gradient (41.2 +/- 6.5%), as did NE (1 mug/kg, 41.6 +/- 3.2%). Aspirin (25 mg/kg) completely blocked the pulmonary vascular effect of AA, but did not affect the response to PGF2a, Linoleic acid, a control fatty acid, did not produce pulmonary vasoconstriction. The pressor effect of AA was not blocked by pretreatment with phentolamine, propranolol, cyproheptadine, o...
Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen and Fluciclovine Transporter Genes are Associated with Variable Clinical Features and Molecular Subtypes of Primary Prostate Cancer
Authors: Carissa E Chu, Mohammed Alshalalfa, Martin Sjöström, Shuang G Zhao, Yang Liu, Jonathan Chou, Annika Herlemann, Brandon Mahal, Amar U Kishan, Daniel E Spratt, Matthew Cooperberg, Eric Small, Anthony Wong, Sima Porten, Thomas A Hope, Ashley E Ross, Elai Davicioni, Paul Nguyen, R Jeffrey Karnes, Peter R Carroll, Edward Schaeffer, Felix Y Feng
Journal: European Urology (2021)
Role of vagosympathetic fibers in the control of adrenocorticotropic hormone, vasopressin, and renin responses to hemorrhage in fetal sheep.
Authors: C EWood, H GChen, M EBell
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Hemorrhage stimulates endocrine and cardiovascular reflex responses that are appropriate for returning blood volume and pressure to prehemorrhage levels. Fetal sheep respond to hemorrhage with increases in plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, and vasopressin concentrations and plasma renin activity, but little is known about the afferent limb of the reflex(es) controlling these responses. Fetal sheep between 128 and 133 days' gestation were chronically prepared with vascular catheters. Five fetal sheep were subjected to bilateral section of the cervical vagosympathetic trunks; six fetal sheep were not vagotomized. Four to six days after surgery, the fetuses were subjected to withdrawal of 10 ml of blood every 10 minutes for 2 hours (130 ml total). Vagotomized fetal sheep responded to the hemorrhage with a greater decrease in central venous pressure than the intact fetuses and a slower restitution of fluid to the vascular space (estimated to be 17% of the hemorrhage volume in 2 hours) than ...
Echocardiographic diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy.
Authors: T MMcFarland, MAlam, SGoldstein, S DPickard, P DStein
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Echocardiograms were obtained on 27 adults with electrocardiographic criteria of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) to determine how echocardiograms might best identify LVH. Both the left ventricular (LV) posterior wall thickness and interventricular septal thickness were found by echocardiography to be increased (greater than or equal to 12 mm) in only 13 of 27 patients (48%) with LVH. The LV was dilated (greater than or equal to 58 mm) in the absence of posterior wall thickening in 9 of 27 patients (33%). The LV mass, estimated from standardly measured dimensions, was increased (greater than 200 g) in 21 of 27 patients (78%) and when measurements were made by the Penn method, mas was increased in all patients. These observations indicate that the echocardiographic estimation of LV mass is a more sensitive indicator of LVH than LV posterior wall and septal thickness. Since LVH is defined as an increased mass of LV muscle, these observations are consistent with this fundamental definition of left ventricu...
Prognostic value of radionuclide angiography in medically treated patients with coronary artery disease. A comparison with clinical and catheterization variables.
Authors: K LLee, D BPryor, K SPieper, F EHarrell, R MCaliff, D BMark, M AHlatky, R EColeman, F RCobb, R HJones
Journal: Circulation (1990)

To evaluate the usefulness of multiple measures from rest and exercise radionuclide angiography (RNA) in predicting cardiovascular death and cardiovascular events (death or nonfatal myocardial infarction) and to assess the prognostic usefulness of the RNA relative to clinical and catheterization data, we studied 571 stable patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease who had upright rest/exercise first-pass RNA within 3 months of catheterization and were medically treated. With a median follow-up of 5.4 years, 90 patients have died from cardiovascular causes, and 147 patients have either died or suffered a nonfatal myocardial infarction. Using the Cox regression model and a preselected group of RNA variables, the most important RNA predictor of mortality was exercise ejection fraction (chi 2 = 81, p less than 0.00001). Neither rest ejection fraction nor the change in ejection fraction from rest to exercise contributed additional predictive information. Two other RNA study variables, the change in hea...
Rapid two-stage arterial switch operation. Acquisition of left ventricular mass after pulmonary artery banding in infants with transposition of the great arteries.
Authors: CBoutin, R AJonas, S PSanders, GWernovsky, S MMone, S DColan
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDBanding of the pulmonary artery (PAB) in preparation for arterial switch operation (ASO) in patients with transposition of the great arteries (TGA) represents a unique model of acute left ventricular pressure overload in humans.METHODS AND RESULTSTo establish the rate, magnitude, and determinants of left ventricular hypertrophy and the acute effect on ventricular function, serial bidimensional echocardiographic evaluations were performed on 26 patients with TGA after PAB. Mass, volume, and ejection fraction of the left ventricle were measured. Cardiac catheterization data before PAB and again before ASO were reviewed. The mean interval between the PAB and ASO was 9 +/- 4 days. The left ventricular to right ventricular pressure ratio before PAB was 0.5 and increased to 1.0 before ASO. The mean percentage increase in left ventricular mass from PAB to ASO was 96%, 95% of which was achieved in the first 7 days. The average rate of left ventricular hypertrophy for the entire period was 0.06 g/h and w...
Abstract 15637: Microvascular Obstruction Size After Alcohol Septal Ablation for Patients With Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy Predicts Procedure Efficacy
Authors: Toshihiro Moriki, Nobuo Iguchi, Yuko Utanohara, Itaru Takamisawa, Morimasa Takayama, Mitsuaki Isobe
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Alcohol septal ablation in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) has developed into an effective and safe procedure, with reports of favorable long-term outcomes ...
Myocardial oxygenation in dogs during partial and complete coronary artery occlusion.
Authors: W JParsons, J CRembert, R PBauman, F GDuhaylongsod, J CGreenfield, C APiantadosi
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

Regional myocardial oxygenation was assessed during partial and complete coronary artery occlusion using near infrared spectroscopy. In eight open-chest dogs, partial occlusions resulting in an approximately 42% decrease in left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) blood flow produced an approximately 21% decrease in tissue O2 stores (tissue oxyhemoglobin plus oxymyoglobin) and no change in the oxidation level of mitochondrial cytochrome aa3. An approximately 81% reduction in LAD blood flow produced nadir levels of tissue oxyhemoglobin plus oxymyoglobin, maximal levels of deoxyhemoglobin plus deoxymyoglobin, a decline in tissue blood volume, and an approximately 39% decrease in cytochrome aa3 oxidation level. These changes were associated with an approximately 52% decrease from the preischemic baseline in mean transmural myocardial blood flow, measured by radiolabeled microspheres, and an approximately 41% decrease in myocardial O2 consumption. Complete occlusion resulted in further decreases in myoc...
Integrin-mediated collagen gel contraction by cardiac fibroblasts. Effects of angiotensin II.
Authors: M LBurgess, W ECarver, LTerracio, S PWilson, M AWilson, T KBorg
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

Angiotensin II (Ang II), a vasoactive octapeptide, has been implicated in cardiac growth and the development of hypertrophy and fibrosis secondary in hypertensive disease. These consequences of Ang II imply an effect on the function and morphology of cardiac interstitial cells (fibroblasts). The present investigation was designed to (1) determine whether neonatal heart fibroblasts (NHFs) possess functional Ang II receptors on their plasma membrane and (2) examine the effects of Ang II on NHFs in vitro using three- and two-dimensional (3D and 2D, respectively) cultures. Several analytic techniques were used to test the specific questions of the present study. Since cardiac fibroblast phenotype can be influenced by culture conditions, both 2D and 3D cultures were used in the present investigations. Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and radioligand binding analysis were used to test for the presence of Ang II receptors on NHFs. Both revealed that NHFs in 2D culture possess Ang II receptor mRNA ...
Time course of regression of left ventricular hypertrophy after aortic valve replacement.
Authors: E SMonrad, O MHess, TMurakami, HNonogi, W JCorin, H PKrayenbuehl
Journal: Circulation (1988)

To assess the time course and extent of regression of myocardial hypertrophy after removal of the inciting hemodynamic stress, 21 patients with either aortic stenosis or aortic insufficiency were studied preoperatively, after an intermediate period (1.6 +/- 0.5 years), and late (8.1 +/- 2.9 years) after aortic valve replacement, and results were compared with those in 11 control patients. After aortic valve replacement there was significant hemodynamic improvement, with a fall in the left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (164 +/- 73 to 105 +/- 35 ml/m2, p less than .01), a fall in left heart filling pressure (19 +/- 9 to 12 +/- 5 mm Hg, p less than .01), and maintenance of the cardiac index (3.3 +/- 0.8 to 3.5 +/- 0.8 liters/min/m2, NS) and left ventricular ejection fraction (60 +/- 13% to 64 +/- 10%, NS). By the late study the cardiac index (4.0 +/- 0.6 liters/min/m2, p less than .01) and left ventricular ejection fraction (66 +/- 15%, p less than .05) had further increased and were significantly g...
Sustained protection by acadesine against ischemia- and reperfusion-induced injury. Studies in the transplanted rat heart.
Authors: MGaliñanes, DBullough, K MMullane, D JHearse
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDWe have shown that acadesine (AICAr: 5-amino-4-imidazole carboxamide riboside) improves the early recovery of function of the ischemic and reperfused rat heart. In the present studies we used the transplanted rat heart, with reperfusion for up to 24 hours, to assess whether the beneficial effect of acadesine is a transient or a sustained phenomenon (i.e., to determine whether the drug improves the extent of recovery or only the rate).METHODS AND RESULTSHearts (n = 8 per group) were excised and immediately arrested with an infusion (2 minutes at 20 degrees C) of the St. Thomas' Hospital cardioplegic solution with or without the addition of acadesine (20 mumol/l). They were then subjected to 4 hours of global ischemia (20 degrees C), and the cardioplegic solution (with or without acadesine) was infused for 2 minutes every 30 minutes. The hearts then were transplanted (1 hour additional ischemic time) into the abdomens of recipient rats, which had been given acadesine (100 mg/kg i.v.) or saline. Th...
Treatment of 150 cases of life-threatening digitalis intoxication with digoxin-specific Fab antibody fragments. Final report of a multicenter study.
Authors: E MAntman, T LWenger, V PButler, EHaber, T WSmith
Journal: Circulation (1990)

One hundred fifty patients with potentially life-threatening digitalis toxicity were treated with digoxin-specific antibody fragments (Fab) purified from immunoglobulin G produced in sheep. The dose of Fab fragments was equal to the amount of digoxin or digitoxin in the patient's body as estimated from medical histories or determinations of serum digoxin or digitoxin concentrations. The youngest patient received Fab fragments within several hours of birth, and the oldest patient was 94 years old. Seventy-five patients (50%) were receiving long-term digitalis therapy, 15 (10%) had taken a large overdose of digitalis accidentally, and 59 (39%) had ingested an overdose of digitalis with suicidal intent. The clinical response to Fab was unspecified in two cases, leaving 148 patients who could be evaluated. One hundred nineteen patients (80%) had resolution of all signs and symptoms of digitalis toxicity, 14 (10%) improved, and 15 (10%) showed no response. After termination of the Fab infusion, the median time...