tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Use of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide to Guide the Treatment of Asthma: An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline
Authors: Sumita B. Khatri, Jonathan M. Iaccarino, Amisha Barochia, Israa Soghier, Praveen Akuthota, Anna Brady, Ronina A. Covar, Jason S. Debley, Zuzana Diamant, Anne M. Fitzpatrick, David A. Kaminsky, Nicholas J. Kenyon, Sandhya Khurana, Brian J. Lipworth, Kevin McCarthy, Michael Peters, Loretta G. Que, Kristie R. Ross, Elena K. Schneider-Futschik, Christine A. Sorkness, Teal S. Hallstrand, Sumita B. Khatri, Teal S. Hallstrand, Praveen Akuthota, Amisha Barochia, Anna Brady, Ronina A. Covar, Jason S. Debley, Zuzana Diamant, Anne M. Fitzpatrick, Jonathan M. Iaccarino, David A. Kaminsky, Nicholas J. Kenyon, Sandhya Khurana, Brian J. Lipworth, Kevin McCarthy, Michael Peters, Loretta G. Que, Kristie R. Ross, Elena K. Schneider-Futschik, Israa Soghier, Christine A. Sorkness
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2021)

Background: The fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) test is a point-of-care test that is used in the assessment of asthma. Objective: To provide evidence-based clinical guidance on whether FENO testing is indicated to optimize asthma treatment in patients with asthma in whom treatment is being considered. Methods: An international, multidisciplinary panel of experts was convened to form a consensus document regarding a single question relevant to the use of FENO. The question was selected from three potential questions based on the greatest perceived impact on clinical practice and the unmet need for evidence-based answers related to this question. The panel performed systematic reviews of published randomized controlled trials between 2004 and 2019 and followed the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) evidence-to-decision framework to develop recommendations. All panel members evaluated and approved the recommendations. Main Results: After considering the overall low quality of the evidence, the panel made a conditional recommendation for FENO-based care. In patients with asthma in whom treatment is being considered, we suggest that FENO is beneficial and should be used in addition to usual care. This judgment is based on a balance of effects that probably favors the intervention; the moderate costs and availability of resources, which probably favors the intervention; and the perceived acceptability and feasibility of the intervention in daily practice. Conclusions: Clinicians should consider this recommendation to measure FENO in patients with asthma in whom treatment is being considered based on current best available evidence.
The Role of Iodine for Thyroid Function in Lactating Women and Infants
Authors: Maria Andersson, Christian P Braegger
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2021)

Iodine is a micronutrient needed for the production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, growth, and development. Iodine deficiency or excess may alter the thyroid hormone synthesis. The potential effects on infant development depend on the degree, timing, and duration of exposure. The iodine requirement is particularly high during infancy because of elevated thyroid hormone turnover. Breastfed infants rely on iodine provided by human milk, but the iodine concentration in breast milk is determined by the maternal iodine intake. Diets in many countries cannot provide sufficient iodine, and deficiency is prevented by iodine fortification of salt. However, the coverage of iodized salt varies between countries. Epidemiological data suggest large differences in the iodine intake in lactating women, infants, and toddlers worldwide, ranging from deficient to excessive intake. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge and recent advances in the understanding of iodine nutrition and its association with thyroid function in lactating women, infants, and toddlers. We discuss risk factors for iodine malnutrition and the impact of targeted intervention strategies on these vulnerable population groups. We highlight the importance of appropriate definitions of optimal iodine nutrition and the need for more data assessing the risk of mild iodine deficiency for thyroid disorders during the first 2 years in life.
Abstract PO-118: The tumor immune microenvironment is decisive in the survival of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Hosein M. Aziz, Lawlaw Saida, Willem de Koning, Andrew Stubbs, Yunlei Li, Casper H. J. van Eijck, Dana A. M. Mustafa
Journal: Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive malignancy associated with a poor prognosis. Only 10% of the patients survive longer than five years. So far, factors underlining long-term survivorship in PDAC are not well understood. Therefore, we aimed to identify the key players in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) associated with long-term survivorship in PDAC patients. Methods: The immune-related gene expression profiles of surgically resected PDAC tumors of patients who survived and remained recurrence-free of disease for &amp;gt; 3 years (long-term survivors, n=10) were compared to PDAC tumors of patients who had survived ≤ 6 months (short-term survivors, n=10) due to tumor recurrence. Samples were profiled using the nCounter® PanCancer Immune Profiling Panel of NanoString Technology. Validation was performed by spatial analysis of immune cells using the GeoMx™ Digital Spatial Profiler. Results: Tumor-infiltrating B cells were found to be significantly increased in the TIME of long-term survivors by gene expression profiling (p=0.018). The high tumor infiltration of B cells was confirmed by spatial protein profiling (p=0.049). This increase was accompanied by more T cells and antigen-presenting cell infiltration. Moreover, the activated immune cells were found to infiltrate in between tumor cells as well as in stromal areas in long-term survivors. In contrast, the TIME of short-term survivors was characterized by a high density of immunosuppressive cells like CD25 and regulatory T cells infiltrating in a highly fibrotic vicinity. Conclusion: This is the first comprehensive study that connects the immune landscape of gene expression profiles and protein spatial infiltration with the survivorship of PDAC patients. We found higher infiltration of B cells in TIME of long-term survivors which highlights the importance of targeting B cells and B cell-based therapy for future personalized immunotherapy in PDAC patients. Citation Format: Hosein M. Aziz, Lawlaw Saida, Willem de Koning, Andrew Stubbs, Yunlei Li, Casper H. J. van Eijck, Dana A. M. Mustafa. The tumor immune microenvironment is decisive in the survival of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2021 Sep 29-30. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(22 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-118.
Base Editing-Mediated Dissection of the -200 Region of the γ-Globin Promoters to Induce Fetal Hemoglobin and Rescue Sickle Cell Disease and β-Thalassemia
Authors: Panagiotis Antoniou, Giulia Hardouin, Pierre Martinucci, Tristan Felix, Letizia Fontana, Jeanne Martin, Giacomo Frati, Megane Brusson, Marion Rosello, Giulia Maule, Filippo Del Bene, Anna Cereseto, Wassim El Nemer, Jean-Paul Concordet, Annarita Miccio
Journal: Blood (2021)
Purine Nucleoside Analogs Plus Rituximab Is an Effective Treatment Choice for Hairy Cell Leukemia-Variant: Results from a Single Center in China
Authors: Tingyu Wang, Yi Wang, Ru Li, Ying Yu, Jiawen Chen, Rui Lyu, Wenjie Xiong, Qi Wang, Wei Liu, Wenyang Huang, Weiwei Sui, Gang An, Yan Xu, Dehui Zou, Jianxiang Wang, Lugui Qiu, Shuhua Yi
Journal: Blood (2021)
Regulation of Inflammatory Response and Osteogenesis to Citrate‐Based Biomaterials through Incorporation of Alkaline Fragments
Authors: Lijie Mao, Yanrong Yin, Lixin Zhang, Xiaolei Chen, Xinqing Wang, Fangping Chen, Changsheng Liu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2021)

A proper pH microenvironment is crucial to mobilizing regeneration function of biomaterials. Neutralizing the acidity in bone defects with alkaline substances is a promising strategy to create favorable environments for cell proliferation and bone repair. In this study, to neutralize the acidity and reduce the inflammation caused by the rapid release of citric acid, a novel citrate-based biodegradable elastomeric poly(citric acid-1,8-octanediol-1,4-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine (BHEp)) (POPC) is synthesized with the introduction of the alkaline fragment BHEp, and then POPC/β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) porous scaffolds are fabricated by 3D printing technique. The results reveal that the alkaline fragment BHEp effectively corrects the acid environment and improves the biocompatibility, cells affinity and promoted cell adhesion, and proliferation of POPC. Furthermore, the improved pH of POPC15/β-TCP (PTCP15) enhances the adhesion and the proliferation of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and the expression of osteogenesis-related genes. Moreover, PTCP15 scaffolds relieve inflammatory response and switch RAW 264.7 toward a prohealing extreme. The rat femoral defect model further demonstrates good biocompatibility and enhanced bone regeneration of PTCP15. In conclusion, the results offer a promising approach for biodegradable polymers to address the degradation acidity issue. Meanwhile, a positive regulation strategy is provided for biopolymer to enhance cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and bone repair.
Microfluidic nanomaterials: From synthesis to biomedical applications
Authors: Kavitha Illath, Srabani Kar, Pallavi Gupta, Ashwini Shinde, Syrpailyne Wankhar, Fan-Gang Tseng, Ki-Taek Lim, Moeto Nagai, Tuhin Subhra Santra
Journal: Biomaterials (2021)
Introduction and Genetic Correction of Calreticulin Mutations in Human Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells Sheds Light on MPN Pathogenesis
Authors: Johannes Foßelteder, Angelika Schlacher, Gabriel Pabst, Bettina Amtmann, Wolfgang Schöll, Karl Kashofer, Christine Beham-Schmid, Peter Schlenke, Hildegard T. Greinix, Heinz Sill, Albert Woelfler, Armin Zebisch, Andreas Reinisch
Journal: Blood (2021)
Abstract 13475: Epicardial Adiposity Measured by a Deep Learning Network, Predicts Mortality and Cardiovascular Events in Patients Undergoing Cardiac CT
Authors: Henry W West, Michelle C Williams, Muhammad Siddique, Lucrezia Volpe, Ria Desai, Maria Lyasheva, Katerina Dangas, Pete Tomlins, Evangelos K Oikonomou, Cheerag Shirodaria, Stefan Neubauer, Keith M Channon, Jonathan Rodrigues, Ed Nicol, David E Newby, Charalambos Antoniades
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a visceral fat deposit within the pericardial sac. The automated quantification of EAT volume is possible from routine CCTA scans via deep-learning. The use of automated EAT quantification for the assessment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in addition to standard measures of obesity like BMI has not been fully explored. Purpose: To use deep-learning for automated segmentation of EAT from routine CCTA scans to assess the long-term CVD risk conveyed by EAT. Methods: A deep-learning automated EAT segmentation tool using a 3D Residual-U-Net neural network architecture for 3D volumetric segmentation of CCTA data was created and trained on over 2500 consecutive CCTAs from within the Oxford Risk Factors And Non Invasive Imaging (ORFAN) Study. External validation in 817 patients demonstrated excellent correlation between machine and human expert (CCC = 0.972). The prognostic value of deep-learning derived EAT volume was assessed against 5 years outcomes from the SCOTHEART trial (n=1588), with adjustment for CVD risk factors. An optimal cutoff was selected by identifying the EAT value that maximized the Youden’s J index (sum of sensitivity and specificity) for the three outcomes of interest - high risk was deemed to be EAT ≥ 170.5cm 3 . Results: There were 35 deaths (all-cause mortality), 35 non-fatal myocardial infarctions and 8 non-fatal strokes during the 5 years follow up period. By using multi-variable cox-regression, EAT volume was predictive of all-cause mortality (Figure 1A), non-fatal MI (Figure 1B), and non-fatal stroke (Figure 1C) independently from CVD risk factors. Conclusions: Automatically segmented EAT volume measured using a deep learning network, predicts 5-year all-cause mortality, heart attacks and stroke independently of BMI and clinical risk profile of the patients. This suggests that measures of visceral obesity will be of value in the interpretation of cardiovascular computed tomography.
Individualized Studies of Triggers of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Gregory M. Marcus, Madelaine Faulkner Modrow, Christopher H. Schmid, Kathi Sigona, Gregory Nah, Jiabei Yang, Tzu-Chun Chu, Sean Joyce, Shiffen Gettabecha, Kelsey Ogomori, Vivian Yang, Xochitl Butcher, Mellanie True Hills, Debbe McCall, Kathleen Sciarappa, Ida Sim, Mark J. Pletcher, Jeffrey E. Olgin
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2021)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia. Although patients have reported that various exposures determine when and if an AF event will occur, a prospective evaluation of patient-selected triggers has not been conducted, and the utility of characterizing presumed AF-related triggers for individual patients remains unknown.To test the hypothesis that n-of-1 trials of self-selected AF triggers would enhance AF-related quality of life.A randomized clinical trial lasting a minimum of 10 weeks tested a smartphone mobile application used by symptomatic patients with paroxysmal AF who owned a smartphone and were interested in testing a presumed AF trigger. Participants were screened between December 22, 2018, and March 29, 2020.n-of-1 Participants received instructions to expose or avoid self-selected triggers in random 1-week blocks for 6 weeks, and the probability their trigger influenced AF risk was then communicated. Controls monitored their AF over the same time period.AF was assessed daily by self-report and using a smartphone-based electrocardiogram recording device. The primary outcome comparing n-of-1 and control groups was the Atrial Fibrillation Effect on Quality-of-Life (AFEQT) score at 10 weeks. All participants could subsequently opt for additional trigger testing.Of 446 participants who initiated (mean [SD] age, 58 [14] years; 289 men [58%]; 461 White [92%]), 320 (72%) completed all study activities. Self-selected triggers included caffeine (n = 53), alcohol (n = 43), reduced sleep (n = 31), exercise (n = 30), lying on left side (n = 17), dehydration (n = 10), large meals (n = 7), cold food or drink (n = 5), specific diets (n = 6), and other customized triggers (n = 4). No significant differences in AFEQT scores were observed between the n-of-1 vs AF monitoring-only groups. In the 4-week postintervention follow-up period, significantly fewer daily AF episodes were reported after trigger testing compared with controls over the same time period (adjusted relative risk, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.43- 0.83; P < .001). In a meta-analysis of the individualized trials, only exposure to alcohol was associated with significantly heightened risks of AF events.n-of-1 Testing of AF triggers did not improve AF-associated quality of life but was associated with a reduction in AF events. Acute exposure to alcohol increased AF risk, with no evidence that other exposures, including caffeine, more commonly triggered AF.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03323099.
Concerns Remain Regarding Ambient NO<sub>2</sub> Exposure and the Risk of Parkinson Disease
Authors: Wenming Shi, Lena Kan, Yongzhen Li
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2021)

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Monoclonal Gammopathy of Ocular Significance (MGOS) - a Series of Corneal Manifestations and Treatment Outcomes
Authors: Laurent Garderet, Mohammad Al Hariri, Joanna Wasielica-Poslednik, Markus Munder, Kitti Kormányos, Camila Peña, Alessandro Gozzetti, Xiang Zhou, Anna Waszczuk-Gajda, Laura Rosinol, Gabor Mikala, Mateusz Krzystanski, Walter Lisch, David H. Vesole, Nora Szentmáry, Artur Jurczyszyn
Journal: Blood (2021)
AO-176, a Differentiated Clinical-Stage Anti-CD47 Antibody, Demonstrates Potent Anti-Tumor Activity across Multiple Preclinical Models of B Cell Neoplasms
Authors: William Casey Wilson, John O Richards, Gabriela Andrejeva, Benjamin J Capoccia, Robyn J Puro, Mike J Donio, Ronald R Hiebsch, Arun K Kashyap, Daniel S Pereira
Journal: Blood (2021)
Outpatient diuretic intensification as endpoint in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction trials: an analysis from <scp>TOPCAT</scp>
Authors: João Pedro Ferreira, Jiankang Liu, Brian L. Claggett, Orly Vardeny, Bertram Pitt, Marc A. Pfeffer, Scott D. Solomon, Faiez Zannad
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2021)
Distress, Health-Related Quality of Life (HQOL) and Confidence in Survivorship Information (CSI) in Older (≥60 Years) Hematopoietic Cell Transplant (HCT) Patients
Authors: Zeina Al-Mansour, Sanghee Hong, Nosha Farhadfar, Jing Zhao, Ji-Hyun Lee, Bronwen E. Shaw, Steven Devine, Jean C. Yi, Jaime M. Preussler, K. Scott Baker, Karen Syrjala, Navneet S. Majhail, John R. Wingard
Journal: Blood (2021)
Covid-19: Pfizer vaccine provides 90% protection against infection in children aged 5-11, study finds
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Covid-19: Pfizer vaccine provides 90% protection against infection in children aged 5-11, study finds Jacqui WiseChildren aged 5-11 who are given a low dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine produced good antibody responses with no reported serious adverse effects, researchers have shown.
Treatment of Persistent Erythema Multiforme With Janus Kinase Inhibition and the Role of Interferon Gamma and Interleukin 15 in Its Pathogenesis
Authors: Michael J. Murphy, Diana Gruenstein, Alice Wang, Danielle Peterson, Jacob Levitt, Brett King, William Damsky
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2021)

Persistent erythema multiforme (PEM) is poorly understood and lacks effective therapies other than glucocorticoids.To report outcomes following treatment of PEM with Janus kinase (JAK) inhibition and to elucidate cytokine drivers of erythema multiforme (EM).This was a retrospective case series of 4 patients with PEM treated with tofacitinib and/or upadacitinib in 2015 to 2021 at the dermatology clinics of 2 major tertiary referral centers. Four consecutive patients with PEM refractory to multiple treatment approaches were treated. In 1 patient, skin biopsy specimens were obtained for RNA sequencing and proteomic analysis before and during treatment. Molecular findings were validated through RNA in situ hybridization analysis of cytokine expression in biopsy specimens from a total of 12 patients with EM (3 treated with tofacitinib in this study and 9 historic samples).Treatment with tofacitinib, 5 to 10 mg, twice daily or upadacitinib, 15 mg, once daily.Change in PEM activity was assessed in all 4 patients treated with a JAK inhibitor. Median (range) follow-up was 20.5 months (10.0-36.0 mo).The study population of 4 female patients had a mean (SD) age of 46.2 (13.7) years and a mean (SD) disease duration of 21.75 (11.30) years. Marked clinical improvement was noted in all 4 patients. In 1 patient with a robust improvement following treatment with tofacitinib, RNA sequencing identified interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin 15 (IL-15) as cytokines with activity both highly upregulated at baseline in lesional skin and subsequently suppressed following tofacitinib treatment. Measurement of IFNG- and IL15-positive cells in additional EM biopsy specimens of 12 patients showed significant upregulation of IFNG (8.72 cells per mm; 95% CI, 2.60-14.84) and IL15 (14.13 cells per mm; 95% CI, 0.14-28.11) compared with normal skin (P = .008 and P = .045, respectively).The results of this case series study suggest that JAK inhibition may be effective in treating PEM and that IFN-γ and IL-15 may be important cytokine mediators of the disease.
Application of AI-Based Analytical Approaches for Multiplex Immunophenotyping of <i>SF3B1</i>-Mutant Myelodysplastic Syndrome Subtype
Authors: Susann Winter, Jessica A. Timms, Uta Oelschlaegel, Antje Tunger, Claire N. Harrison, Desmond Choy, Marc Schmitz, Uwe Platzbecker, Shahram Kordasti
Journal: Blood (2021)
Rate of Prolonged Response after Stopping Thrombopoietin-Receptor Agonists Treatment in Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP): Results from a Nationwide Prospective Multicenter Interventional Study (STOPAGO)
Authors: Matthieu Mahevas, Stephanie Guillet, Jean-Francois Viallard, Delphine Gobert, Marion Malphettes, Stephane Cheze, Francois Lefrere, Sylvain Audia, Bernard Bonnotte, Olivier Lambotte, Nicolas Noel, Olivier Fain, Guillaume Moulis, Mohamed Hamidou, Mathieu Gerfaud-Valentin, Jean Pierre Marolleau, Louis Terriou, Nihal Martis, Anne-Sophie Morin, Antoinette Perlat, Thomas le Gallou, Frédérique Roy-Peaud, Ailsa Robbins, Nicolas Limal, Laetitia Languille, Anissa Zarour, Emmanuelle Boutin, Florence canouï-Poitrine, Marc Michel, Bertrand Godeau
Journal: Blood (2021)
A Phase 2 Study of Bezuclastinib (CGT9486), an Oral, Selective, and Potent KIT D816V Inhibitor, in Adult Patients with Advanced Systemic Mastocytosis (AdvSM)
Authors: Jason Gotlib, Tracy I. George, Michael W. Deininger, Tsewang Tashi, Vinod A. Pullarkat, Prithviraj Bose, Francis Payumo, Amanda Pilla, Hina Jolin, Jessica Sachs, Daniel J. DeAngelo
Journal: Blood (2021)
Risk of Recurrence after Stopping Anticoagulants in Women with Combined Oral Contraceptive-Associated Venous Thromboembolism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Jameel Abdulrehman, Carolyne Elbaz, David Aziz, Sameer Parpia, Gregoire Le Gal, Rouhi Fazelzad, Lisbeth Eischer, Suzanne Cannegieter, Arina J. Ten Cate-Hoek, Michael Nagler, Sam Schulman, Suely M Rezende, Valerie Olie, Gualtiero Palareti, Maura Marcucci, James Douketis, Daniela Poli, Michal Zabczyk, Diana Aguiar de Sousa, Bruno Miranda, Mary Cushman, Alberto Tosetto, Clive Kearon, Leslie Skeith
Journal: Blood (2021)
Characterizing Mild and Moderate Hemophilia A Patients in the Real World: A Patient-Centric Approach
Authors: Michelle Witkop, Tao Xu, Gillian Hanson, Richard Ofori-Asenso, Richard H. Ko, Emily Cibelli, Martynas Aizenas, Mark W Skinner, Fabian Sanabria, Amy D. Shapiro
Journal: Blood (2021)