tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Brief ischemia-reperfusion induces stunning of endothelium in canine coronary artery.
Authors: Y DKim, J SFomsgaard, K FHeim, P WRamwell, GThomas, EKagan, S PMoore, S SCoughlin, MKuwahara, AAnalouei
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDBrief ischemic episodes that induce stunning of the myocardium may also induce stunning of the coronary endothelium. To test this hypothesis, we examined both in vivo and in vitro responses of canine coronary arteries exposed to brief ischemia.METHODS AND RESULTSFunctional recovery of the endothelium was examined in vivo during reperfusion after 15 minutes of ischemia. Vasodilatory responses to acetylcholine were severely impaired during the first hour of reperfusion but gradually improved over a 90-minute period after ischemia. The vasoconstrictive response to U46619 was enhanced for the first 30 minutes of reperfusion and returned to normal within 60 minutes. In vitro vasomotor responses to potassium chloride, acetylcholine, bradykinin, and sodium nitroprusside were examined in isolated segments of canine coronary arteries preexposed in vivo to brief ischemia (10-30 minutes) and 20 minutes of reperfusion. The results showed enhanced contractile responses and blunted endothelium-dependent but n...
Role of the peripheral vasculature in changes in venous return caused by isoproterenol, norepinephrine, and methoxamine in anesthetized dogs.
Authors: YImai, KSatoh, NTaira
Journal: Circulation Research (1978)

We studied effects on venous return of alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonists in anesthetized dogs. Blood from the superior and inferior venae cavae (venous return) was drained at the level of the tricuspid valve into a reservoir, from which blood was pumped into the right atrium at a constant rate. Isoproterenol infused into the ascending aorta or the right atrium increased the venous return and heart rate and decreased systemic blood pressure. The increase in venous return produced by isoproterenol given into the right atrium was not significantly different from that produced by isoproterenol administered into the ascending aorta, although the increase in heart rate was more marked with the latter route of administration. Norepinephrine infused into the ascending aorta increased the systemic blood pressure, venous return, and heart rate. Methoxamine infused into the ascending aorta increased the systemic blood pressure and decreased the venous return but produced no change in heart rate. Isoproterenol incr...
Regional wave travel and reflections along the human aorta: a study with six simultaneous micromanometric pressures.
Authors: R DLatham, NWesterhof, PSipkema, B JRubal, PReuderink, J PMurgo
Journal: Circulation (1985)

The human aorta and its terminal branches were investigated in normal subjects during elective cardiac catheterization to evaluate regional wave travel and arterial wave reflections. A specially designed catheter with six micromanometers equally spaced at 10 cm intervals was positioned with the tip sensor in the distal external iliac artery and the proximal sensor in the aortic arch. Simultaneous pressures were obtained and analyzed for foot-to-foot wave velocity, and Fourier analysis was used to derive apparent phase velocity. These quantities were assessed during control (n = 9), during Valsalva (n = 8) and Muller (n = 4) maneuvers, and during femoral artery occlusion by bilateral manual compression (n = 8). During control, regional cross-sectional areas, determined from aortography, and regional foot-to-foot pulse wave velocities were used to calculate the local reflection coefficient in the proximal descending aorta (gamma = 0.05), at the junction of the renal arteries (gamma = 0.43), and at the termi...
TCTAP A-051 Angiographic Complete Revascularization Versus Incomplete Revascularization in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Doyeon Hwang, Jiesuck Park, Han-Mo Yang, Seokhun Yang, Jeehoon Kang, Jung-Kyu Han, Kyung Woo Park, Hyun-Jae Kang, Bon-Kwon Koo, Hyo-Soo Kim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Eus-Guided Gastroenterostomy As A Rescue Treatment After The Failure Of Duodenal Stenting To Alleviate Malignant Outlet Obstruction Due To A Concomitant SMA Syndrome
Authors: M Lajin
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

A 74-year-old female with locally advanced gallbladder cancer presented with vomiting due to a short malignant duodenal stricture. A 2cm Axios was deployed across the stricture.
Incidence and treatment of 'no-reflow' after percutaneous coronary intervention.
Authors: R NPiana, G YPaik, MMoscucci, D JCohen, C MGibson, A DKugelmass, J PCarrozza, R EKuntz, D SBaim
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDProfound reduction in antegrade epicardial coronary flow with concomitant ischemia is seen occasionally during percutaneous coronary intervention despite the absence of evident vessel dissection, obstruction, or distal vessel embolic cutoff. In a prior small series of cases, this no-reflow phenomenon appeared to be promptly reversed by the intra-coronary administration of verapamil.METHODS AND RESULTSTo further understand the prevalence of this syndrome and its responsiveness to the proposed therapy, we reviewed 1919 percutaneous interventions performed between January 1991 and April 1993. During the study period, 39 patients (2.0%) met our criteria for no reflow, 37 of whom were treated with intracoronary nitroglycerin followed by intracoronary verapamil and 2 of whom received intracoronary nitroglycerin alone. An additional 16 patients (0.8%) were given verapamil as part of the management of a flow-limiting dissection or distal embolus (mechanical obstruction). Intracoronary verapamil (50 to...
Norepinephrine spillover to plasma during steady-state supine bicycle exercise. Comparison of patients with congestive heart failure and normal subjects.
Authors: G JHasking, M DEsler, G LJennings, EDewar, GLambert
Journal: Circulation (1988)

This study was performed to determine the relative contributions of plasma norepinephrine clearance and norepinephrine release to the increase in plasma norepinephrine concentration that occurs during exercise and to determine whether the high rates of cardiac norepinephrine release from the heart and kidney in patients with heart failure are associated with diminished reserve for regional sympathetic nervous stimulation. During supine steady-state bicycle exercise at 50% of maximum voluntary exercise capacity, the plasma norepinephrine concentration of six patients with congestive heart failure rose from 385 +/- 88 to 2,200 +/- 497 pg/ml, whereas that of nine normal subjects rose from 208 +/- 21 to 882 +/- 257 pg/ml. The change in plasma concentration in both groups was due to an increase in norepinephrine spillover to plasma without a change in plasma norepinephrine clearance. In patients with heart failure, cardiac spillover increased from 80 +/- 26 to 528 +/- 265 ng/min during exercise, and renal spil...
Pituitary-specific transcription factor (Pit-1) binding site in the human renin gene 5'-flanking DNA stimulates promoter activity in placental cell primary cultures and pituitary lactosomatotropic cell lines.
Authors: JSun, COddoux, M TGilbert, YYan, ALazarus, W GCampbell, D FCatanzaro
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

Renin gene expression is limited to a number of specific tissues, including the kidney, adrenal glands, reproductive organs (of particular relevance to this study, the placenta), and the pituitary gland. In the present study, we investigated the human renin (hRen) 5'-flanking DNA sequences required to drive the expression of a luciferase reporter gene in placental and pituitary cells and in two cell lines, 293 and JEG-3, which have been proposed as model systems with which to study transcriptional regulation of renin genes. The activities of specific sequences in the hRen 5'-flanking DNA sequences in human placental cell primary cultures were very similar to those that we previously reported in pituitary cells, suggesting the involvement of common promoter elements and related transcription factors. Accordingly, the binding site for the pituitary-specific transcription factor (Pit-1) was the major determinant of renin promoter activity in both pituitary and placental cells. Gel mobility shift analysis sho...
Nuclear thyroid hormone receptors in rabbit heart: reduced triiodothyronine binding in atrium compared with ventricle.
Authors: S KBanerjee, J MUlrich, G JKaldor
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

Radiolabeled triiodothyronine (T3) binding to isolated nuclei was measured to compare the binding characteristics of the nuclear receptors in rabbit ventricular and atrial muscle cells. Scatchard analysis of the binding data yielded a maximum binding capacity of 170 +/- 20 fmol per mg DNA and apparent dissociation constant of 525 +/- 100 pM for ventricular nuclei. The binding capacity and the dissociation constant for the atrial muscle cell nuclei were 55 +/- 10 fmol per mg DNA and 500 +/- 75 pM, respectively. The results suggest that the binding capacity for T3 receptor in the atrium is considerably lower than that found in the ventricle. The reduced binding capacity of the T3 receptor in the atrium might reflect differences in the nuclear T3 receptors between ventricle and atrium.
The response to overdrive pacing of triggered atrial and ventricular arrhythmias in the canine heart.
Authors: GMalfatto, T SRosen, M RRosen
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Although triggered activity has been identified in isolated atrial tissue with the use of cellular electrophysiologic techniques, there has been no identification of triggered atrial arrhythmias in situ. Moreover, it is unclear whether triggered rhythms of different causes and sites of origin in the heart exhibit uniform responses to pacing that might aid in their identification. We therefore studied arrhythmias induced by overdrive pacing in three canine preparations, and based the analysis of our results on guidelines derived from microelectrode studies. We studied ventricular tachycardias induced by ouabain or by anterior wall myocardial infarction and atrial (coronary sinus) arrhythmias induced by the infusion of epinephrine into the great cardiac vein. In the ouabain and postinfarction preparations, right ventricular epicardial pacing induced ventricular premature beats or tachycardias whose recovery intervals after cessation of pacing shortened and showed overdrive acceleration as pacing rate increa...
Abstract 16138: Validation of a Non-invasive Approach for the Assessment of Left Ventricular-arterial Coupling Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Emad Mogadam, David Shavelle, Jing Liu, Gregory Giesler, Ray Matthews, Niema M Pahlevan
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is an established treatment for patients with severe, symptomatic aortic stenosis (AS). Ventriculoarterial (LV-arterial) coupling defined as the ratio of total arterial elastance (Ea) to left ventricular end-systolic elastance (Ees) reflects effective cardiac energetics and is a well-accepted index for quantification of LV-arterial coupling. Despite its usefulness, estimating Ees/Ea has technical difficulties. Intrinsic Frequency (IF) method is a noninvasive and single waveform system-based approach for quantification of LV-arterial coupling. The objective of this study was to compare IF variables with Ea/Ees in predicting optimum LV-arterial energetics following TAVR. Method: Twenty-eight patients with severe AS, undergoing TAVR were included. Mean age was 85±4, 53% male with mean ejection fraction 59±6.4. IFs during systole (ω1), diastole (ω2), and total IF variation (Δω=ω1-ω2) were computed from the ascending aortic pressure waveforms at baseline and following TAVR. Ea/Ees was computed using single-beat technique proposed by Takeuchi et al. ( Circulation . 1991;83(1):202-212). Results: There was a significant decrease in Ea/Ees (p&lt;0.001) toward optimum coupling immediately after TAVR (Figure 1a). There was a statistically significant correlation between Ea/Ees and Δω (r= 0.68, p&lt;0.01) (Figure 1b). Conclusion: IF appears to be an accurate and reliable index for quantification of LV-arterial coupling given significant concordance with Ea/Ees. The management of patients with acutely altered hemodynamic states post TAVR can benefit from the assessment of LV-arterial coupling. Since IFs can be measured noninvasively using hand-held devices (e.g. an iPhone), this approach should broaden the clinical applicability of this useful parameter for assessing systolic function, therapeutic response and ventricular-arterial interaction post TAVR.
The heart as a target organ in systemic allergic reactions: comparison of cardiac analphylaxis in vivo and in vitro.
Authors: NCapurro, RLevi
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

The purpose of this investigation was to define and quantitatively evaluate cardiac anaphylaxis in vivo. Guinea pigs, passively sensitized with graded amounts of rabbit antipenicilloyl antibody, were anesthetized, ventilated, and challenged intravenously with a constant amount of antigen (anaphylaxis in vivo). In other experiments, guinea pig hearts were excised, perfused in a Langendorff apparatus, and challenged (analphylaxis in vitro). During in vivo anaphylaxis, sinus rate increased 10-30 beats/min, conduction arrhythmias occurred in 15 of 22 experiments, and ventricular fibrillation was seen in 8 of 22 experiments. Tachycardia and arrhythmias began approximately 20 seconds after antigen administration and were accompanied, but not preceded, by respiratory and pressor changes. During in vitro anaphylaxis, sinus rate increased 70-110 beats/min, coronary flow rate decreased 2-22%, conduction arrhythmias occurred in 21 of 31 experiments, and ventricular ectopic activity was seen in 13 of 31 experiments. ...
Evidence implicating nonmuscle myosin in restenosis. Use of in situ hybridization to analyze human vascular lesions obtained by directional atherectomy.
Authors: GLeclerc, J MIsner, MKearney, MSimons, R DSafian, D SBaim, LWeir
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDIdentification of genes that are specifically activated in restenosis lesions after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty represents a necessary step toward molecular manipulation designed to inhibit cellular proliferation responsible for such lesions. Whereas quiescent smooth muscle cells (contractile phenotype) preferentially express smooth muscle myosin, proliferating smooth muscle cells (synthetic phenotype) have been shown to preferentially express nonmuscle myosin in vitro. Accordingly, we analyzed the expression of a recently cloned isoform of human nonmuscle myosin heavy chain (MHC-B) in fresh human restenotic lesions.METHODS AND RESULTSA total of 10 lesions, including four restenosis (three superficial femoral arterial lesions and one saphenous vein bypass lesion) and six primary (four superficial femoral arterial lesions and two coronary arterial lesions) obtained percutaneously by directional atherectomy, were processed for examination by in situ hybridization. In total, 150 tissue se...
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 suppresses endogenous fibrinolysis in a canine model of pulmonary embolism.
Authors: C FReilly, TFujita, J EHutzelmann, E JMayer, R JShebuski
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDPlasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), the specific, fast-acting inhibitor of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), binds to fibrin and has been found in high concentrations within arterial thrombi. These findings suggest that the localization of PAI-1 to a thrombus protects that same thrombus from fibrinolysis. In this study, clot-bound PAI-1 was assessed for its ability to suppress clot lysis in vivo.METHODS AND RESULTSAutologous, canine whole blood clots were formed in the presence of increasing amounts of activated PAI-1 (0-30 micrograms/ml). Approximately 6-8% of the PAI-1 bound to the clots under the experimental conditions. Control and PAI-1-enriched clots containing iodine-125-labeled fibrin (ogen) were homogenized, washed to remove nonbound elements, and delivered to the lungs of anesthetized dogs where the homogenates subsequently underwent lysis by the endogeneous fibrinolytic system. 125I-labeled fibrin degradation products appeared in the blood of control animals within 10 m...
Clinical, angiographic, and hemodynamic assessment of late results after Mustard operation.
Authors: D JHagler, D GRitter, D DMair, G DDavis, D CMcGoon
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Since 1974, late results of the Mustard procedure for correcting complete transposition of the great arteries have been evaluated by cardiac catheterization, electrocardiography, roentgenography, history, and physical examination of 48 Mayo Clinic patients. Of these, 15 were studied 1 month to 2 years postoperatively because of clinical deterioration. The other 33 had been asymptomatic but were asked to return for hemodynamic reevaluation one-half to 11 years postoperatively. Of the asymptomatic group, 19 underwent exercise electrocardiography prior to catheterization and eight performed supine exercise during catheterization. Cardiac catheterization proved the most effective mode of study. Significant cardiovascular abnormalities (caval obstruction, residual pulmonary stenosis, etc.) were found in 35 of the 47 patients--including 20 of the 33 who were asymptomatic. Eight of the symptomatic group and three of the others have died since this restudy. These poor results warrant renewed effort to devise bett...
Cigarette smoking is associated with dose-related and potentially reversible impairment of endothelium-dependent dilation in healthy young adults.
Authors: D SCelermajer, K ESorensen, DGeorgakopoulos, CBull, OThomas, JRobinson, J EDeanfield
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDCigarette smoking is the most important modifiable risk factor for atherosclerosis. Endothelial dysfunction is an early event in atherogenesis, and we hypothesized that smoking might be associated with endothelial damage in the systemic arteries of otherwise healthy young adults.METHODS AND RESULTSWe studied noninvasively the brachial arteries of 200 subjects aged 15 to 57 years, all normotensive, nondiabetic with cholesterol level < or = 240 mg/dL and no family history of premature vascular disease: 80 control subjects aged 16 to 56 years (mean, 35), 80 current smokers aged 15 to 55 years (mean, 33), and 40 former smokers aged 25 to 57 years (mean, 38). Total lifetime amount smoked varied from 1 to 75 pack years in the smokers. Using high-resolution ultrasound, vessel diameter was measured at rest, during reactive hyperemia (with flow increase causing endothelium-dependent dilation), and after sublingual glyceryl trinitrate (GTN, an endothelium-independent vasodilator). Flow-mediated dilation (...
Glucose-Lowering Drugs to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Rita R. Kalyani
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

In patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease (or in those with a high risk of cardiovascular disease) in whom glycemic goals are not achieved with metformin, agents from the GLP-1 receptor agonist or SGLT2 inhibitor classes with demonstrated cardiovascular benefit constitute the recommended treatment.
Nitrate tolerance in vivo is not associated with depletion of arterial or venous thiol levels.
Authors: SBoesgaard, JAldershvile, H EPoulsen, SLoft, M EAnderson, AMeister
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

Results from in vitro experiments suggest that development of nitrate tolerance is due to a depletion of vascular thiol compounds (ie, cysteine and glutathione [GSH]) necessary for the bioconversion of organic nitrates. However, it is unknown whether in vivo tolerance development is associated with changes in thiol levels. This study measures plasma and vessel tissue GSH and cysteine levels in nontolerant rats, nitrate-tolerant rats, and rats treated with the two characteristically different thiol donors N-acetyl-L-cysteine and L-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (OXO). Chronically catheterized conscious rats received an intravenous infusion of either nitroglycerin (NTG, 0.2 mg/h) or matching placebo for 3 days. At day 3, the hypotensive effect of 2.5 mg NTG/kg was decreased by 74 +/- 6% (mean +/- SEM, P   .05). Hemodynamic tolerance is not ...
68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT and MR in the Evaluation of Meningeal Metastasis From Esthesioneuroblastoma
Authors: Francesco Dondi, Domenico Albano, Mattia Bertoli, Francesco Bertagna, Raffaele Giubbini
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

Abstract Esthesioneuroblastoma is a rare malignant tumor arising from olfactory neuroepithelium. PET/CT with different tracers such as 18 F-FDG and 68 Ga-somatostatin-receptor tracers has demonstrated its utility for the evaluation of disease. We present the case of a woman previously treated for esthesioneuroblastoma performing MR and 18 Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT demonstrating dural metastasis of disease with a strong correspondence between conventional and functional imaging.
The role of the QT interval in the sudden infant death syndrome.
Authors: D HKelly, D CShannon, R RLiberthson
Journal: Circulation (1977)

To evaluate the role of QT interval prolongation in the genesis of the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), the post-resuscitation electrocardiograms of 21 aborted SIDS infants were reviewed. The infants had been found apneic, cyanotic, limp and unresponsive during sleep and required vigorous physical stimulation and mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Three subsequently experienced repeat similar episodes from which they could not be resuscitated. Extensive studies eliminated all known etiologies for death. The QT intervals of these infants were compared to age and sex matched normal infants as well as to established normal values in the literature; in both the aborted and the subsequent actual SIDS infants, the QT intervals were not significantly different from those of the normal population. Thus, we conclude that QT intervals prolongation does not play a major role in the genesis of the aborted SIDS.
Treatment of frequent ventricular arrhythmia with encainide: assessment using serial ambulatory electrocardiograms, intracardiac electrophysiologic studies, treadmill exercise tests, and radionuclide cineangiographic studies.
Authors: RDiBianco, R DFletcher, A ICohen, J SGottdiener, S NSingh, R JKatz, H RBates, BSauerbrunn
Journal: Circulation (1982)

The effects of encainide on ventricular arrhythmia and left ventricular function were studied in 21 patients with chronic, high-grade ventricular arrhythmia using a prospective, 3-month, placebo-controlled, single-blind trial design. Encainide caused a 96% decrease in the average hourly frequency of ventricular premature complexes (VPCs) and comparable reductions in salvos of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) and episodes of sustained VT. Intracardiac electrophysiologic testing showed prolonged intraatrial and intraventricular conduction times and increased atrial, atrioventricular nodal, and ventricular refractory periods with both i.v. and oral encainide without His-Purkinje block, despite marked prolongation of HV and QRS intervals. Induced repetitive ventricular beating after ventricular extrastimuli in 15 patients showed persistent repetitive ventricular beating with chronic oral encainide in seven patients, four of whom had sustained VT within 2 months of treatment on encainide. Encainide di...
165P Baseline circulating myeloid-derived suppressor cells correlate with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and overall survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: J. Garcia-Sanchez, M. Benet, L. Cordon, M. Piqueras, J. Garde-Noguera, M. de Julian, L. Gonzalez-Castillo, D. Lorente, N. Piera, M.C. Gomez-Soler, V. Ruiz, J. Carretero, A. Sanchez-Hernandez, O. Juan-Vidal, A. Lahoz
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)