tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 303: Optical Tissue Interrogation Technology Incorporated in Irrigated Radiofrequency Ablation Provides Real Time Monitoring of Ablation Lesion Depth
Authors: Talal Alzahrani, Mohammed Aljishi, Marco Mercader
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

Background: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an effective therapy to treat cardiac arrhythmias. The success rate depends on the location and size of ablation lesions. Electroanatomic Mapping and Contact force-sensing catheters have been shown to enhance the success rates of RFA. We used real-time optical tissue interrogation within the NADH fluorescence (fNADH) range to assess the progression of ablation lesion depth in real time during RF delivery (LuxCath catheter). Methods: Multiple RFA lesions (n=20) were made on an intubated and mechanically ventilated canine (Mongrel) thigh muscles using 7 Fr quadripolar RFA catheter with a 3.5 mm tip open 3.5 mm irrigated electrode incorporating imaging optic. Light was delivered at (360+/-25nm), and fluorescence acquired through fiberoptic bundle at (370-660 nm) by a spectrometer and analyzed in real time. Two types of plots were created for each lesion: intensity (in counts) vs. wavelength (nm), and 465nm peak amplitude (normalized) vs. time (sec). The lesions were made at room temperature with fixed power (15W) and four different durations (10, 20,30,40 sec). After ablation the muscle was stained with 2,3,4-triphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride (TTC), bisected at the center and measured the with and depth of the lesion using imageJ software. Results: We performed a total of twenty lesions that were divided into four groups based on the duration of the ablation (10, 20, 30, 40 seconds). The mean lesion depth for those groups was 4.05+/-1.28, 4.99+/-0.9, 6.9+/-1.06 and 7.14+/-1.41 mm, respectively. Lesion depth was correlated with the duration of ablation and fNADH signal intensity with a correlation coefficient of 0.93 and 0.99, respectively. Finally, there was a significant correlation between lesion size and fNADH signal intensity with a correlation coefficient of 0.96. Conclusion: Real-time optical tissue characterization can provide an excellent assessment of lesion progression during RF delivery. Lesion depth was directly correlated to the decrease in fNADH signal intensity. This information may be used to optimize the selection of RF power and RF application time to maximize RF lesion formation and improve the success of ablation procedures.
Healing and repair after myocardial infarction: the forgotten but resurgent basophil
Authors: Sumanth D. Prabhu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2021)

The biphasic wound-healing response in the heart after myocardial infarction involves an initial inflammatory phase followed by a more prolonged period of inflammation resolution, tissue repair, and scar formation. Infiltrating proinflammatory Ly6Chi monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages are key drivers of the inflammatory phase and are also the source of the locally generated reparative macrophages that promote inflammation resolution. In this issue of the JCI, Sicklinger et al. from the Leuschner laboratory uncover a salutary role for cardiac basophils in this process. The authors demonstrated that basophils promote healing and proper scar formation and also limit late cardiac remodeling by augmenting reparative macrophages in the infarcted heart, in part via basophil-derived enhancement of cardiac IL-4 and IL-13 levels. These findings underscore the potentially disproportionate (relative to cell numbers) yet essential biological effects of immune cells of low abundance on cardiac repair and remodeling, related in part to amplification of downstream macrophage responses via secreted cytokines.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of invasively ventilated patients with COVID-19 in Argentina (SATICOVID): a prospective, multicentre cohort study
Authors: Elisa Estenssoro, Cecilia I Loudet, Fernando G Ríos, Vanina S Kanoore Edul, Gustavo Plotnikow, Macarena Andrian, Ignacio Romero, Damián Piezny, Marco Bezzi, Verónica Mandich, Carla Groer, Sebastián Torres, Cristina Orlandi, Paolo N Rubatto Birri, María F Valenti, Eleonora Cunto, María G Sáenz, Norberto Tiribelli, Vanina Aphalo, Rosa Reina, Arnaldo Dubin, E Estenssoro, A Dubin, C I Loudet, F Ríos, V S Kanoore Edul, G Plotnikow, R Reina, M Andrian, J Ivacachi, I Romero, C Garay, D Piezny, J Sagardía, M Bezzi, S Borello, V Mandich, D Chiacchiara, C Groer, C García Almirón, A Kovac, S Torres, C Cesio, C Orlandi, R Hernández, P N Rubatto Birri, M Mugno, M F Valenti, R A Gómez, E Cunto, V Chediack, M G Sáenz, C Marchena, N Tiribelli, M Guaymas, V Aphalo, D Vázquez, Y Saad, D Sánchez, F Iglesias, P Casteluccio, B Lattanzio, S Eiguren, D Noval, S Fredes, G C Izzo, H Cabrera, M O Pozo, S Sac, N Tornatore, J Sakugawa, C Villafañe, A Di Sibio, P Maskin, P Rodríguez, N Nihany, M Mogadouro, F Pálizas (h), E Cornú, M Esperatti, J M Pintos, G Badariotti, G Echevarría, A M Mazzola, C Giuggia, N Dargains, A Turano, F Pugliese, M J Zec Baskarad, M Chamadoira, J C Medina, M Búsico, F Villarejo, H Collazos, T Huanca, J C Pendino, L Talamonti, F Skrzypiec, C Tascón, G Genovese, H Alul, A Zavattieri, A J Herrera, N Rosales, M G Quintana, A Risso Vazquez, M Lugaro, E Díaz Rousseaux, M Falcone, F Kurban, M Cini, G Zakalik, C Pellegrini, G Fernández, J P Sottile, S Barrios, O Hamada, V Mendiluce, D Villalba, F Sacco, V Mezzina, C Servin, M Quinteros, H Nuñez, M L Campassi, D Banegas, C Balasini, V Leiva, F Maicol, G Domeniconi, V Vilaseca, A Barrientos, F Larocca, L Kumar, R Luna, M Deheza Lonardi, A Oholeguy, J Carnero Echegaray, C Marazzi, P Helca Regis, F Rópolo, A Bobadilla, V Thomas, N Funes Nelson, C Villavicencio, P Machare, N Aramayo, C González, M Ferriccioni, J Bergesio
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2021)
Dynamics of Gene Expression of Surface Receptors of Apoptosis in Primary Patients with B-CLL during Induction Treatment
Authors: Sergei Zakharov, Anatoly Golenkov, Vsevolod A. Misyurin, Elena Kataeva, Andrey Misyurin, Tatiana Mitina, Baryshnikova Maria, Elena Trifonova, Yulia Chernykh, Ludmila Vysotskaya, Elena Klinushkina, Anna G Turkina, Kirill Belousov
Journal: Blood (2017)
Formalizing planning and information search in naturalistic decision-making
Authors: L. T. Hunt, N. D. Daw, P. Kaanders, M. A. MacIver, U. Mugan, E. Procyk, A. D. Redish, E. Russo, J. Scholl, K. Stachenfeld, C. R. E. Wilson, N. Kolling
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2021)
t(1;3)(p36.3;q21.3)転座型白血病での1p36.3のMEL1遺伝子と異なる染色体バンドに位置するHOXA9遺伝子を含む数種のパートナー遺伝子との融合
Authors: Xinh Pt, VU Ha, Tanaka H, Fujisawa S, Taketazu F, Rowley Jd, Tokunaga K, Sato Y
Journal: Blood (2007)
The function of miR-637 in non-small cell lung cancer progression and prognosis
Authors: Teng Jia, Qingguang Zhang, Haitao Xu, Hongjian Liu, Xiaojie Gu
Journal: Pulmonology (2021)

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer with a high mortality rate and poor prognosis. miR-637 has been reported to regulate tumor progression and act as a prognosis biomarker of various cancers. Its functional role in NSCLC was investigated in this study.The expression level of miR-637 in NSCLC tissues and adjacent normal tissues of 123 NSCLC patients was analyzed by qRT-PCR. The association between miR-637 and clinical pathological features in the prognosis of patients was analyzed. Cell transfection was performed to overexpress or knockdown miR-637 in H1299 and HCC827. The proliferation, migration, and invasion of H1299 and HCC827 were evaluated by CCK8 and Transwell assay.miR-637 expression was significantly decreased in NSCLC tissues and cell lines relative to normal tissues and cells. The survival rate of NSCLC patients with low miR-637 expression was lower than that of patients with high miR-637 expression. Additionally, miR-637 served as a tumor suppressor that inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of NSCLC.Downregulation of miR-637 in NSCLC was associated with TNM stage and poor prognosis of patients and served as a tumor suppressor in NSCLC. These results provide a potential strategy to control NSCLC.
Contrastive rendering with semi-supervised learning for ovary and follicle segmentation from 3D ultrasound
Authors: Xin Yang, Haoming Li, Yi Wang, Xiaowen Liang, Chaoyu Chen, Xu Zhou, Fengyi Zeng, Jinghui Fang, Alejandro Frangi, Zhiyi Chen, Dong Ni
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2021)
Baseline Biomarkers Influencing Clinical Outcomes in Adults with Relapsed/Refractory B-Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (R/R ALL) Treated with Blinatumomab Versus Standard-of-Care Chemotherapy (SOC) from a Randomized Phase 3 Study
Authors: Andrew Wei, Josep-Maria Ribera, Giovanni Martinelli, Richard A. Larson, David Ritchie, Armin Ghobadi, Yuqi Chen, Cedric E. Dos Santos, Zachary F. Zimmerman, Hagop M. Kantarjian
Journal: Blood (2017)
The surface topography of silicone breast implants mediates the foreign body response in mice, rabbits and humans
Authors: Joshua C. Doloff, Omid Veiseh, Roberto de Mezerville, Marcos Sforza, Tracy Ann Perry, Jennifer Haupt, Morgan Jamiel, Courtney Chambers, Amanda Nash, Samira Aghlara-Fotovat, Jessica L. Stelzel, Stuart J. Bauer, Sarah Y. Neshat, John Hancock, Natalia Araujo Romero, Yessica Elizondo Hidalgo, Isaac Mora Leiva, Alexandre Mendonça Munhoz, Ardeshir Bayat, Brian M. Kinney, H. Courtney Hodges, Roberto N. Miranda, Mark W. Clemens, Robert Langer
Journal: Nature Biomedical Engineering (2021)
Effect of a comprehensive deep-learning model on the accuracy of chest x-ray interpretation by radiologists: a retrospective, multireader multicase study
Authors: Jarrel C Y Seah, Cyril H M Tang, Quinlan D Buchlak, Xavier G Holt, Jeffrey B Wardman, Anuar Aimoldin, Nazanin Esmaili, Hassan Ahmad, Hung Pham, John F Lambert, Ben Hachey, Stephen J F Hogg, Benjamin P Johnston, Christine Bennett, Luke Oakden-Rayner, Peter Brotchie, Catherine M Jones
Journal: The Lancet Digital Health (2021)

BackgroundChest x-rays are widely used in clinical practice; however, interpretation can be hindered by human error and a lack of experienced thoracic radiologists. Deep learning has the potential to improve the accuracy of chest x-ray interpretation. We therefore aimed to assess the accuracy of radiologists with and without the assistance of a deep-learning model.MethodsIn this retrospective study, a deep-learning model was trained on 821 681 images (284 649 patients) from five data sets from Australia, Europe, and the USA. 2568 enriched chest x-ray cases from adult patients (≥16 years) who had at least one frontal chest x-ray were included in the test dataset; cases were representative of inpatient, outpatient, and emergency settings. 20 radiologists reviewed cases with and without the assistance of the deep-learning model with a 3-month washout period. We assessed the change in accuracy of chest x-ray interpretation across 127 clinical findings when the deep-learning model was used as a decision support by calculating area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for each radiologist with and without the deep-learning model. We also compared AUCs for the model alone with those of unassisted radiologists. If the lower bound of the adjusted 95% CI of the difference in AUC between the model and the unassisted radiologists was more than −0·05, the model was considered to be non-inferior for that finding. If the lower bound exceeded 0, the model was considered to be superior.FindingsUnassisted radiologists had a macroaveraged AUC of 0·713 (95% CI 0·645–0·785) across the 127 clinical findings, compared with 0·808 (0·763–0·839) when assisted by the model. The deep-learning model statistically significantly improved the classification accuracy of radiologists for 102 (80%) of 127 clinical findings, was statistically non-inferior for 19 (15%) findings, and no findings showed a decrease in accuracy when radiologists used the deep-learning model. Unassisted radiologists had a macroaveraged mean AUC of 0·713 (0·645–0·785) across all findings, compared with 0·957 (0·954–0·959) for the model alone. Model classification alone was significantly more accurate than unassisted radiologists for 117 (94%) of 124 clinical findings predicted by the model and was non-inferior to unassisted radiologists for all other clinical findings.InterpretationThis study shows the potential of a comprehensive deep-learning model to improve chest x-ray interpretation across a large breadth of clinical practice.FundingAnnalise.ai.
Abstract 260: Systemic Loss of p62 Reduces Pressure Overload Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy, Dysfunction and Apoptosis
Authors: Mannix Auger-Messier, Khosrow Rezvani, Scott Pattison
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

Introduction: p62 is a pleiotropic protein with defined roles in TNFα signaling, protein aggregate formation, and protein degradation processes. Current data suggest that p62 is a stress-response protein, with increased protein levels reported in TAC, MI, I/R, and protein aggregation models of cardiac disease. To date, there has been little study on the gain- or loss- of p62 function in cardiomyocyte/cardiac pathology. Our preliminary data found that adenoviral overexpression of p62 caused cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cytotoxicity and that p62 was upregulated by pressure-overload stress. Hypothesis: Loss of p62 will be cardioprotective against pressure-overload pathology. Methods: Systemic p62 knockout mice underwent sham or transverse-aortic constriction surgery and were studied longitudinally to 8 weeks post-surgery by echocardiography. Results: Hearts from p62-null mice had significantly preserved cardiac function (%Fractional Shortening) over wild-type controls. p62-deficient mice had significantly less cardiac hypertrophy (heart weight/body weight ratios and myofiber cross-sectional areas) and showed no chamber dilation (LVED) in response to pressure-overload stress, unlike wild-types. Hearts from wild-type mice showed pronounced fibrotic remodeling and induction of apoptosis (TUNEL), while p62 knockouts had significantly less collagen staining and no evidence of apoptotic stimulation. Overexpression of p62 in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes significantly inhibited proteasomal catalytic activities (&gt;50%) and showed increased indices of cardiomyocyte cell death. Conclusion: Our data show that induction of p62 is deleterious in vitro and that loss of p62 imparts cardioprotection against hemodynamic stress in vivo . The beneficial phenotype observed in hearts from p62-deficient mice may be due to p62-dependent mechanisms responsible for proteasomal dysfunction and apoptosis activation.
Abstract 309: Deletion of a Specific Type-I Transforming Growth Factor-beta Receptor Attenuates Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Development
Authors: Robert E Stroud, Sarah L Lieser, Adam N Franklin, Elizabeth K Nadeau, Rupak Mukherjee, John S Ikonomidis, Jeffrey A Jones
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

Introduction: Pathological remodeling with thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) occurs as a result of an imbalance between deposition and degradation of the extracellular matrix. TGF-β is a soluble peptide growth factor that signals through a heteromeric receptor complex involving two type-I receptors (either TGF-βR1 or ALK-1) to regulate matrix homeostasis. Alterations in type-1 TGF-β receptor abundance are coincident with TAA formation, suggesting matrix regulation shifts from a TGFβR1 to an ALK-1 mediated pathway. This study tested the hypothesis that ALK-1 signaling is required for TAA development. Methods and Results: TAAs were induced (periadventitial CaCl 2 : 0.5 M, 15 mins) in TGF-βR1- (TGF-βR1 +/- ), and ALK-1 +/- deficient mice, and compared to wild-type littermate controls. Baseline aortic diameters (pre-procedural) were similar in TGF-βR1 +/- (795±42 μm), ALK-1 +/- (712±46 μm), and control animals (744±52 μm TGF-βR1 +/- line; 735±22 ALK-1 +/- line). Mice were randomized for terminal study (biochemistry, histology) at 2, 4, 8, or 16 weeks (7-10 mice/group, M/F) post-TAA induction. The change in aortic diameter was computed for each mouse as a percent increase from its own baseline measurement. Aortic dilatation was observed in all groups at 2 weeks post-TAA induction and continued to increase through 16-weeks. However, the change aortic dilation over time was attenuated in the ALK-1 +/- deficient mice vs. littermate control (Figure). Conclusions: These results demonstrate that signaling through the ALK-1 receptor is necessary for TAA development, and suggest that therapeutic strategies aimed at ALK-1 inhibition may reduce or prevent the clinical progression of TAA.
Evidence-based pharmacological treatment options for ADHD in children and adolescents
Authors: Konstantin Mechler, Tobias Banaschewski, Sarah Hohmann, Alexander Häge
Journal: Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2021)

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, causing functional impairment. Its prevalence lies at approximately 5% in children and adolescents and at approximately 2.5% in adults. The disorder follows a multifactorial etiology and shows a high heritability. Patients show a high interindividual and intraindividual variability of symptoms, with executive deficits in several cognitive domains. Overall, ADHD is associated with high rates of psychiatric comorbidities, and insufficient treatment is linked to adverse long-term outcomes. Current clinical guidelines recommend an individualized multimodal treatment approach including psychoeducation, pharmacological interventions, and non-pharmacological interventions. Available medications include stimulants (methylphenidate, amphetamines) and non-stimulants (atomoxetine, guanfacine, clonidine). While available pharmacological treatment options for ADHD show relatively large effect sizes (in short-term trials) and overall good tolerability, there is still a need for improvement of current pharmacotherapeutic strategies and for the development of novel medications. This review summarizes available pharmacological treatment options for ADHD in children and adolescents, identifies current issues in research and evidence gaps, and provides an overview of ongoing efforts to develop new medications for the treatment of ADHD in children and adolescents by means of a systematic cross-sectional analysis of the clinical trials registry www.clinicaltrials.gov.
A New Highly Sensitive Realtime PCR Assay with Faster Turnaround Time for Detecting IDH1 and IDH2 mutations in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Patients
Authors: Durga Prasad Dash, Laura Wise, Jason Harb, Adam Knier, Muriel Boretsky, Jennifer Simons, Dina Berchanskiy, Monika de Arruda Indig, Ajith M Joseph
Journal: Blood (2017)
Differential Effect of Graft-versus-Host Disease on Survival in Acute Leukemia according to Donor Type
Authors: Takaaki Konuma, Junya Kanda, Yachiyo Kuwatsuka, Masamitsu Yanada, Tadakazu Kondo, Shigeki Hirabayashi, Shinichi Kako, Yu Akahoshi, Naoyuki Uchida, Noriko Doki, Yukiyasu Ozawa, Masatsugu Tanaka, Tetsuya Eto, Masashi Sawa, Satoshi Yoshioka, Takafumi Kimura, Yoshinobu Kanda, Takahiro Fukuda, Yoshiko Atsuta, Fumihiko Kimura
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract Purpose: The anti-leukemic activity of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) depends on both the intensity of conditioning regimen and the strength of the graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect. However, it is unclear whether the sensitivity of the GVL effects differs between donor type and graft source. Experimental Design: We retrospectively evaluated the effect of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) on transplant outcomes for adults with acute leukemia (n = 6,548) between 2007 and 2017 using a Japanese database. In all analyses, we separately evaluated three distinct cohorts based on donor type [(8/8 allele-matched sibling donor, 8/8 allele-matched unrelated donor, and unrelated single-cord blood (UCB)]. Results: The multivariate analysis, in which the development of GVHD was treated as a time-dependent covariate, showed a reductive effect of grade I–II acute GVHD on treatment failure (defined as 1-leukemia-free survival; P &amp;lt; 0.001), overall mortality (OM; P &amp;lt; 0.001), relapse (P &amp;lt; 0.001), and non-relapse mortality (NRM; P &amp;lt; 0.001) in patients receiving from UCB. A reductive effect of limited chronic GVHD on treatment failure (P &amp;lt; 0.001), OM (P &amp;lt; 0.001), and NRM (P &amp;lt; 0.001) was also shown in patients receiving from UCB. However, these effects were not always shown in patients receiving from other donors. The beneficial effects of mild acute and chronic GVHD after UCB transplantation on treatment failure were noted relatively in subgroups of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia and a non-remission status. Conclusions: These data suggested that the development of mild GVHD could improve survival after UCB transplantation for acute leukemia.
Programmable dual responsive system reconstructing nerve interaction with small-diameter tissue-engineered vascular grafts and inhibiting intimal hyperplasia in diabetes
Authors: Yanzhao Li, Yeqin Wang, Fangchao Xue, Xuli Feng, Zhaojing Ba, Junjie Chen, Zhenhua Zhou, Yanhong Wang, Ge Guan, Guanyuan Yang, Ziwei Xi, Hao Tian, Yong Liu, Ju Tan, Gang Li, Xiewan Chen, Mingcan Yang, Wen Chen, Chuhong Zhu, Wen Zeng
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)

Small-diameter tissue-engineered vascular grafts (sdTEVGs) with hyperglycemia resistance have not been constructed. The intimal hyperplasia caused by hyperglycemia remains problem to hinder the patency of sdTEVGs. Here, inspired by bionic regulation of nerve on vascular, we found the released neural exosomes could inhibit the abnormal phenotype transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The transformation was a prime culprit causing the intimal hyperplasia of sdTEVGs. To address this concern, sdTEVGs were modified with an on-demand programmable dual-responsive system of ultrathin hydrogels. An external primary Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-responsive Netrin-1 system was initially triggered by local inflammation to induce nerve remolding of the sdTEVGs overcoming the difficulty of nerve regeneration under hyperglycemia. Then, the internal secondary ATP-responsive DENND1A (guanine nucleotide exchange factor) system was turned on by the neurotransmitter ATP from the immigrated nerve fibers to stimulate effective release of neural exosomes. The results showed nerve fibers grow into the sdTEVGs in diabetic rats 30 days after transplantation. At day 90, the abnormal VSMCs phenotype was not detected in the sdTEVGs, which maintained long-time patency without intima hyperplasia. Our study provides new insights to construct vascular grafts resisting hyperglycemia damage.
The SESAME complex regulates cell senescence through the generation of acetyl-CoA
Authors: Wanping Chen, Xilan Yu, Yinsheng Wu, Jie Tang, Qi Yu, Xiaodong Lv, Zitong Zha, Bicheng Hu, Xin Li, Jianguo Chen, Lixin Ma, Jerry L. Workman, Shanshan Li
Journal: Nature Metabolism (2021)
Undiagnosed SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity during the first 6 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States
Authors: Heather Kalish, Carleen Klumpp-Thomas, Sally Hunsberger, Holly Ann Baus, Michael P. Fay, Nalyn Siripong, Jing Wang, Jennifer Hicks, Jennifer Mehalko, Jameson Travers, Matthew Drew, Kyle Pauly, Jacquelyn Spathies, Tran Ngo, Kenneth M. Adusei, Maria Karkanitsa, Jennifer A. Croker, Yan Li, Barry I. Graubard, Lindsay Czajkowski, Olivia Belliveau, Cheryl Chairez, Kelly R. Snead, Peter Frank, Anandakumar Shunmugavel, Alison Han, Luca T. Giurgea, Luz Angela Rosas, Rachel Bean, Rani Athota, Adriana Cervantes-Medina, Monica Gouzoulis, Brittany Heffelfinger, Shannon Valenti, Rocco Caldararo, Michelle M. Kolberg, Andrew Kelly, Reid Simon, Saifullah Shafiq, Vanessa Wall, Susan Reed, Eric W. Ford, Ravi Lokwani, John-Paul Denson, Simon Messing, Sam G. Michael, William Gillette, Robert P. Kimberly, Steven E. Reis, Matthew D. Hall, Dominic Esposito, Matthew J. Memoli, Kaitlyn Sadtler
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2021)

16.8 million SARS-CoV-2 infections in the US went undiagnosed in the first 6 months of the pandemic compared to 3.5 million diagnosed infections.