tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Real-world health-related quality of life and caregiver need in patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive and metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Authors: Mark Boye, Amanda Ribbands, Andrea Leith, Emily Clayton, Jake Butcher, Sarah Rybowski
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

54 Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common cancers in men. When making treatment decisions, patient health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and caregiver need are important considerations, and as such it is imperative to understand the impact that PC has on HRQoL. We aimed to assess the impact of metastatic hormone-sensitive PC (mHSPC) and castration-resistant PC (mCRPC) on HRQoL and associated caregiver need. Methods: Real-world data were drawn from the PC Disease Specific Programme, a point-in-time survey conducted in the United States of America and Europe (France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom) between Jan-Aug 2020. Physicians completed patient record forms for their next 8 consecutively consulting adult metastatic PC patients (4 mHSPC/4 mCRPC). Eligible patients were invited to complete a voluntary patient self-reported form on caregiver need and HRQoL including EuroQol 5-dimension 5-level (EQ-5D-5L), EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS), Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy – General/Prostate (FACT-G/P) and Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) questionnaires. Higher scores indicate better HRQoL and more pain. Data were analysed descriptively. Results: 376 mHSPC and 331 mCRPC patients completed patient self-reported forms. Demographics and clinical characteristics for mHSPC/mCRPC patients were: mean age 71.1/71.5 years, 77%/69% of patients had an ECOG performance status of 0-1, 82%/83% of patients were retired and 42%/44% of patients had a caregiver. At data collection, mean HRQoL scores for mHSPC/mCRPC patients were: 66.4/63.4 (EQ-VAS), 0.76/0.72 (EQ-5D-5L), 66.2/62.9 (FACT-G) and 94.6/90.2 (FACT-P). Patients with mHSPC had FACT-P social, emotional, functional and physical well-being subscale scores of 18.2, 14.7, 13.6 and 19.7, respectively. These scores were 17.7, 14.0, 12.7 and 18.5 in mCRPC patients, respectively. Mean “worst pain” scores were mild (3.6/3.9 on BPI for mHSPC/mCRPC patients). In terms of both non-professional and professional caregivers, mHSPC/mCRPC patients reported a mean of 31.6/28.9 care hours/week. Most caregivers were partners/spouses (in 89% of mHSPC and 82% of mCRPC patients) providing a mean of 29.0 and 27.7 care hours/week, respectively. Conclusions: We showed that HRQoL and well-being are impacted in both mHSPC and mCRPC patients, and that there is a considerable time burden on caregivers. Patients with mCRPC reported the lowest HRQoL scores and highest pain scores, suggesting that patients who are sicker may have greater disease burden. Our findings suggest an unmet need for HRQoL in patients with mHSPC and mCRPC, and also a need for greater caregiver support in these patients.
TennCare
Authors: Glenn P. Dewberry
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The excellent analysis of the TennCare program by Dr Mirvis and colleagues<sup>1</sup>finally provides a benchmark for further debate regarding health care reform in our country. It also allows us to draw some tentative conclusions about the initial attempts at reform that have been implemented by various states.<sup>2</sup>Their report has understandably caused concern among some of us in Oklahoma. Oklahoma's waivers were approved, and we began our "HCFA managed care demonstration project" on July 1, 1995. Without knowing the details of their deliberations, it is difficult to understand how public policy experts could so miss the mark in their estimates of costs and savings. In my opinion, it cannot simply be explained as trying too much in too short a time frame. Minnesota officials have been implementing their program in a more incremental manner over the last several years, and despite a 2% provider
Shape memory micro-anchors with magnetic guidance for precision micro-vascular deployment
Authors: Zhihua Li, Zijian Chen, Yanan Gao, Yi Xing, Yuping Zhou, Yucheng Luo, Weihong Xu, Zhengchang Chen, Xu Gao, Kapish Gupta, Karthic Anbalakan, Lei Chen, Chuang Liu, Jian Kong, Hwa Liang Leo, Chengzhi Hu, Hanry Yu, Qiongyu Guo
Journal: Biomaterials (2022)
Clinical characteristics of patients with collecting duct carcinoma.
Authors: Li Zhou, Siming Li, Xieqiao Yan, Huayan Xu, Juan Li, Xiaowen Wu, Zhihong Chi, Lu Si, Chuanliang Cui, Yan Kong, Jun Guo, Xinan Sheng
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

297 Background: Collecting duct carcinoma (CDC) is traditionally classified as a rare renal cell carcinoma. It comprised less than 2% of all renal cell carcinoma but presented a highly aggressive clinical course1. The natural history of CDC was merely described in small-sample retrospective studies because of its low incidence. Methods: We retrospectively collected clinicopathological data of patients (pts) diagnosed with CDC in our center from 2006 to the present. Histological diagnoses of all patients with CDC were confirmed by two senior urologic pathologists. Results: CDC was found in 58 pts (60% males and 22% over 65 years old). Most started with hematuria, low back pain, or systemic symptoms; 7 pts (12%) had no clinical symptoms. 67% pts underwent partial or radical resection of the kidney. 39.7% pts had distant metastases at diagnosis. Among the 35 pts with no distant metastasis at diagnosis, 18 (51%) had positive regional lymph nodes, 22 (63%) had locally advanced T stage (T3 or T4), and 18 (51%) were G3/4 by Fuhrman or WHO/ISUP. For pts undergoing radical nephrectomy, the median disease-free survival (DFS) was 6.3 mos (95%CI: 0.2, 12.4), and the median OS was 22.5 mos (95%CI: 16.6, 28.4), which were significantly related to T stage (P = 0.033 and 0.001). For pts after metastasis (56 cases), the most common sites of recurrence and metastasis were lymph nodes (55%), lung (46%), bone (36%), liver (16%), adrenal glands (7%), and local recurrence (20%). The median OS after metastasis was 11.3 mos (95%CI: 9.5, 13.0). Among the locally advanced or metastatic pts, 33 received gemcitabine + cisplatin combined with sorafenib as the first-line therapy. There were 8 PR and 17 SD. The ORR was 24.2%, DCR was 75.8%, and median PFS was 6.1 mos (95% CI: 4.7, 7.5). The median OS was 12.1 mos (95% CI: 8.6, 15.5). In 2 pts receiving anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody combined with axitinib, 1 case had PR and 1 obtained SD with tumor shrinking. They are still under follow-up. Conclusions: CDC is prone to be diagnosed at a late stage and develop metastases. There is currently no standard treatment for metastatic patients; gemcitabine + cisplatin combined with sorafenib can be tried in the first-line setting. Anti-PD-1 plus axitinib showed promising efficacy in cases of CDC, and a larger sample is needed for verification.
Virus Diseases
Authors: G. M. Findlay
Journal: BMJ (1939)

At the beginning of this century the term " virus disease " was hardly known: to-day a mass of knowledge has been acquired in regard to virus infections, even if, for the moment, it is impossible to give any precise definition of a virus.Man is the victim of at least thirty-five proved virus diseases, while the list of viruses affecting bacteria, plants, insects, fish, amphibia, birds, and mammals 'other than man runs into several hundreds.McKinney (1937) estimates that there exist nearly a
Clean Milk
Authors: W. B. Ripon, F. Maurice, L. Brunton, J. Tweedy, H. R. Beevor, R. Jones, A. H. Byles, J. Macdonell, J. Cantlie, H. Marsh, A. M. B. Carpenter, F. J. Matheson, A. Clark, M. Maufe, E. Clarke, E. H. Pooley, D. Eyre, M. Scharlieb, M. Fox, W. J. Simpson, F. E. Fremantle, A. W. Smyth, E. E. Hayward, H. R. Wakefield, T. H. Hendley, M. A. Ward, A. Hoare, J. E. Walker, T. H. Howard, A. T. Waugh
Journal: BMJ (1911)
Abstract 345: The Effects of Epinephrine on the Outcomes of Patients With Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Based on a Propensity Analysis: A Nationwide Observational Study
Authors: YuSung Lee, YoungSun Ro, KyoungJun Song, SangDo Shin
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Although prehospital epinephrine is frequently used in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), its evidence is unclear. Recent studies have shown that the use of prehospital epinephrine increased the rate of return of spontaneous circulation but has a negative impact on outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of prehospital epinephrine on the outcomes of OHCA. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study using nationwide OHCA registry in Korea from 2015 to 2016. All EMS-treated adults OHCAs with presumed cardiac etiology were included. Patients who were witnessed by EMS provider were excluded. The primary outcome was neurologically favorable survival to discharge. We compared the primary outcomes between the prehospital epinephrine group and non-prehospital epinephrine group using a propensity score matching analysis and a multivariable logistic regression. Results: Among 58922 patients with OHCA, 37635 were included in the analysis. There were 3256 patients who received prehospital epinephrine. In the propensity score matching analysis, 3239 patients were enrolled in each group. Survival to discharge and good neurologic recovery were 5.0% and 2.5% in prehospital epinephrine group and 9.4% and 5.9% in non-prehospital epinephrine group (all p-value&lt;o.o1). There was significant difference in good neurologic recovery between prehospital epinephrine group and non-prehospital epinephrine group after adjusting for covariates (adjusted OR, 0.38, 95% CI, 0.28-0.51). Similar results were observed for survival to discharge (adjusted OR, 0.47, 95% CI, 0.38-0.58). Conclusions: In Korean patients with OHCA, prehospital epinephrine increased the probability of ROSC, but decreased good neurologic recovery and survival to discharge.
Medical News
Journal: JAMA (1935)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE VIABILITY OF PATHOGENIC MICROBES AND THE LAKE VIEW EPIDEMIC.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

<i>Pari passu</i>with the separation, and discovery of new bacilli, knowledge of their method of development, their habitat and peculiarities accumulates.StrausandDubarryhave in corroboration of the experiments ofBolton, WolffhügelandRiedel, come to certain definite conclusions regarding the viability of certain now well-known pathogenic germs. They have found the bacillus anthracis alive in water after the 16th, 24th, 28th, 65th and even as late as the 131st day. The bacillus of typhoid fever lives from 30 to 81 days. They found the bacillus of Asiatic cholera alive at 16, 26, 30 and 39 days—but it should be remembered thatWolffhügelandRiedelfound this microbe alive in river water after 7 months. The bacillus of tuberculosis was found living at 24, 25, 27, 30, 75, and 115 days, but it was also demonstrated that the virulence of this bacillus became attenuated after a long sojourn in
Abstract 135: Integration of Social Media With Targeted Emails and interviews for Exception From Informed Consent Community Consultation
Authors: Cindy H Hsu, Jennifer Fowler, James A Cranford, Michael P Thomas, Robert W Neumar
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Exception from informed consent (EFIC) enables the enrollment of subjects with emergent conditions for clinical trials without prior consent. All EFIC studies are required to include community consultation (CC). However, CC implementation is often challenged by significant cost and scarce community engagement. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that the utilization of social media, targeted emails, and interviews of at-risk individuals and their caretakers can lead to more effective EFIC CC. Methods: We utilized social media and targeted emails/interviews for the EFIC CC of the ACCESS to the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory in Patients Without ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Resuscitated From Out-of-hospital Ventricular Fibrillation Cardiac Arrest Trial. We disseminated study advertisements with survey links and opt-out option using Facebook/Instagram to our communities and targeted emails to prehospital and cardiology providers. We also interviewed at-risk individuals with cardiac conditions, their caretakers, and patient advocacy groups. Between-group comparisons of proportions were tested using modified chi-squared tests for small sample size. Results: We collected 559 fully or partially completed surveys over an eight-week period. The majority of the surveys (70.5%) were obtained using social media. The mean age was 45 years; 90% were white and 61% were female. Overall, 91.3% believed ACCESS is an important study. The interview group had significantly more loved ones with cardiac arrest than the social media (50% vs 36.7%, p &lt; 0.05) or targeted email (50% vs 23.6%, p &lt; 0.005) group. Compared to the interview group, more from social media (81.8% vs 63.3%, p &lt; 0.05) and targeted email (77.4% vs 63.3, p &lt; 0.05) groups said they would include their loved ones in the study. More from the interview group believed that their opinion would be considered seriously compared to the social media (75.9% vs 62.6%, p &lt; 0.05) and targeted email (75.9% vs 54.5%, p &lt; 0.05) groups. No one opted out from the study. Conclusions: The integration of social media with targeted emails and interviews is an effective approach for EFIC CC. Future work is necessary to determine the perception and best utilization of these strategies for EFIC studies.
Erythromelalgia
Authors: E. D. Telford, H. T. Simmons
Journal: BMJ (1940)

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~MEDICAL JOU-RNAL, lalilcinosis oNw .her manner is muLch mor e normial, and her conversation is more coherent and reasonable. 1 thinkliat she will soon be well enouLgh to go on leave on trial."Summary and Conclusions A case is stated for the use of electrical convullsant iherapy under out-patient conditions.A portable apparatuIs suitable for suich a pu1rpose is described.Certain modifications in technique and procedure associated with the uise of this apparatus are set ouit, together with their advantages.The clinical resuilts so far obtained are regarded as encoLiraging, and will, it is hoped, be made the suibject of a fuirther communication.
Randomized phase 2 umbrella study of various neoadjuvant therapies for patients with muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (MIBC) who are cisplatin-ineligible or refuse cisplatin therapy and undergoing radical cystectomy (Optimus).
Authors: Andrea Necchi, Yousef Zakharia, Nadeem Ghali, Michael Smith, J. E. Hamer-Maansson, Anouk Lindley, Yohann Loriot, Joshua J Meeks
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

TPS599 Background: A growing body of data support that the key to generating anti-tumor immune responses triggered by administration of immuno-oncology (IO) agents, is the activation and invasion of T lymphocytes. Checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) are being actively explored in the neoadjuvant setting of MIBC. CPIs documented 30-40% pathologic complete response-rates (ypT0N0) in previous trials. Increasingly, novel IO agents are being developed in combinations with anti PD(L)-1 therapies. Understanding the changes in the tumor microenvironment that occur with the addition of novel immunomodulating agents to PD(L)-1 inhibitors can help inform whether a compound is viable for further development. The OPTIMUS trial is a window of opportunity, neoadjuvant platform design study in MIBC patients that are cisplatin-ineligible. The study investigates the addition of the indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitor epacadostat to the PD-1 inhibitor retifanlimab. The platform design allows for investigation of other novel immune-modulating combinations. Methods: This is an open-label, randomized, Phase 2, multi-treatment group, window-of-opportunity, platform study for participants with MIBC undergoing radical cystectomy who refuse or are not eligible for cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT04586244). Participants are randomized based on tumor tissue PD-L1 CPS ≥ 10 or PD-L1 CPS &lt; 10 to one of the following treatment groups: Treatment Group A (epacadostat + retifanlimab); Treatment Group B (retifanlimab monotherapy); Treatment Group C (epacadostat monotherapy). 18 patients will be enrolled in each of Treatment Groups A and B. 9 patients will be enrolled into Treatment Group C. Total treatment duration is a maximum of 10 weeks. The platform study design allows for addition of future treatment groups. Pre-treatment biopsy is obtained through transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT), followed by neoadjuvant treatment, followed by radical cystectomy. In all treatment groups, tissue from the surgical specimen(s) is collected and compared with the initial pre-treatment samples. The primary endpoint is the change from baseline in CD8+ lymphocytes within resected tumor. Secondary endpoints include safety and tolerability, rates of ypT0N0 response, and major pathologic response. Exploratory analyses include tumoral changes in gene cell expression profile, immune-cell protein and metabolic marker levels, and spatial relationships between cell types. Plasma is also collected and will be investigated for changes in cytokines and other inflammatory or metabolic markers. Clinical trial information: NCT04586244.
THE CHRISTIAN HOSPITAL SWINDLE.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prostate specific antigen dynamics and prostate cancer risk: A population-based study.
Authors: Amanda Elizabeth Hird, Refik Saskin, Lisa Del Giudice, Girish S. Kulkarni, Robert Nam
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

239 Background: Baseline prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a strong predictor of clinically significant prostate cancer. In a large cohort of patients undergoing opportunistic testing, our objective was to assess the association between first serum PSA in combination with other PSA predictors and risk of prostate cancer. Methods: This was a retrospective, population-based study in Ontario, Canada between 2010-2019. Men 40-75 years of age who underwent incident PSA testing with at least two PSA tests during the study period were included. Among men who underwent PSA testing, the PSA levels of patients who were diagnosed with prostate cancer were compared to patients who were not. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to compare any prostate cancer and clinically significant prostate cancer diagnosis (International Society of Urological Pathology [ISUP] grade group 2-5) between groups. Results: A total of 508,238 patients were included in our cohort (12,444 cases and 495,794 controls). The median follow-up time was 8.2 years (IQR: 7.0-9.1). Patients who were diagnosed with prostate cancer were older (median age 62 [IQR: 56-67] versus 56 years [IQR:50-63], standardized difference [SD]:0.61) and had a higher first PSA than patients who were not (median 4.79 [IQR:3.29-6.96] versus 0.96 ng/mL [IQR:0.58-1.69], SD:1.93). Fewer than 0.1% (248/261,463) of patients with a first PSA less than 1.0 ng/mL were diagnosed with prostate cancer during the study period. Our final multivariable model revealed that a first PSA above 2.0 ng/mL (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 6.64, 95%CI: 6.13-7.20, p &lt; 0.001), a final PSA between 4.0 to 9.9 ng/mL and 10.0 to 20.0 ng/mL (adjusted OR 22.09, 95%CI: 20.58-23.71, p &lt; 0.001 and adjusted OR 47.46, 95%CI: 43.28-52.05, p &lt; 0.001, respectively) and change from first to final PSA per 365 days of 20.0 to 99.9% (adjusted OR 3.40, 95%CI: 3.21-3.60, p &lt; 0.001) and more than 100% (adjusted OR 6.91, 95%CI: 6.29-7.59, p &lt; 0.001) were strongly associated with the diagnosis of prostate cancer. The model performed well when predicting any prostate cancer, clinically significant prostate cancer, and when stratified by age. Conclusions: This study suggests that first PSA in combination with final PSA and rate of change can be used to predict prostate cancer diagnosis. Future studies will be conducted to determine the association with metastatic and lethal prostate cancer.