tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Transforming Discoveries About Cortical Microcircuits and Gamma Oscillations Into New Treatments for Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia
Authors: Vikaas S. Sohal
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2022)

The major cause of disability in schizophrenia is cognitive impairment, which remains largely refractory to existing treatments. This reflects the fact that antipsychotics and other therapies have not been designed to address specific brain abnormalities that cause cognitive impairment. This overview proposes that understanding how specific cellular and synaptic loci within cortical microcircuits contribute to cortical gamma oscillations may reveal treatments for cognitive impairment. Gamma oscillations are rhythmic patterns of high frequency (∼30–100 Hz) neuronal activity that are synchronized within and across brain regions, generated by a class of inhibitory interneurons that express parvalbumin, and recruited during a variety of cognitive tasks. In schizophrenia, both parvalbumin interneuron function and task-evoked gamma oscillations are deficient. While it has long been controversial whether gamma oscillations are merely a biomarker of circuit function or actually contribute to information processing by neuronal networks, recent neurobiological studies in mice have shown that disrupting or enhancing synchronized gamma oscillations can reproduce or ameliorate cognitive deficits resembling those seen in schizophrenia. In fact, transiently enhancing the synchrony of parvalbumin interneuron–generated gamma oscillations can lead to long-lasting improvements in cognition in mice that model aspects of schizophrenia. Gamma oscillations emerge from specific patterns of connections between a variety of cell types within cortical microcircuits. Thus, a critical next step is to understand how specific cell types and synapses generate gamma oscillations, mediate the effects of gamma oscillations on information processing, and/or undergo plasticity following the induction of gamma oscillations. Modulating these circuit loci, potentially in combination with other approaches such as cognitive training and brain stimulation, may yield potent and selective interventions for enhancing cognition in schizophrenia.
ASSOCIATION OF GLP-1 AGONISTS WITH ARRHYTHMIAS AND SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES: A META-ANALYSIS OF 27 RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS
Authors: Mohammed Al-Sadawi, Faisal Aslam, Saadat Aleem, Maryam Alsadaoee, Gregg Alexander Stevens, Abhijeet Singh, Ibrahim O. Almasry, Eric J. Rashba, Roger Fan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
PROGNOSTIC IMPACT OF AORTIC VALVE CALCIFICATION ON DEVELOPMENT OF AORTIC STENOSIS: RESULTS FROM THE MULTI-ETHNIC STUDY OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS (MESA)
Authors: Dhiran Verghese, Venkat Sanjay Manubolu, April Kinninger, Luay Alalawi, Seamus P. Whelton, Sanjiv Jayendra Shah, Alain Bertoni, Lauren Beussink-Nelson, Matthew J. Budoff
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
No public health without planetary health
Authors: None The Lancet Public Health
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2022)

April 7 marks WHO's annual World Health Day, which this year has the theme "Our planet, our health". The future health of the planet and human health are inextricably linked. An estimated 13 million deaths annually are attributable to avoidable environmental causes, and that number will continue to grow unless overconsumption and reliance on fossil fuels are curbed. Coming amid the COVID-19 pandemic, global economic disquiet, and war in Europe, this World Health Day is a timely and necessary reminder that global crises are entwined with climate change, and that we should not lose sight of the existential threat that ecological degradation poses to planetary and human health.
Consciousness, complexity, and evolution
Authors: Walter Veit
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2022)

The idea that consciousness and complexity are closely related has been a major driver of the popularity of integrated information theory (IIT) of consciousness, despite its major formal, phenomenological, and neuroscientific shortcomings. Here, I argue that we can recover this intuition by replacing its biologically neutral notion of complexity with an evolutionary one that I shall dub "pathological complexity."
RISK OF OBSTRUCTIVE CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME
Authors: Luay Alalawi, April Kinninger, Venkat Sanjay Manubolu, Dhiran Verghese, Sajad A. Hamal, Ahmed K. Ghanem, Khadije Ahmad, Ilana Golub, George Boll, Tiffany Hsiao, Zahra Al-chokhachi, Deya Alkhatib, Omar Al-Taweel, Nicole Nishime, Sion Roy, Matthew J. Budoff
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
SARS-CoV-2 variant Delta rapidly displaced variant Alpha in the United States and led to higher viral loads
Authors: Alexandre Bolze, Shishi Luo, Simon White, Elizabeth T. Cirulli, Dana Wyman, Andrew Dei Rossi, Henrique Machado, Tyler Cassens, Sharoni Jacobs, Kelly M. Schiabor Barrett, Francisco Tanudjaja, Kevin Tsan, Jason Nguyen, Jimmy M. Ramirez, Efren Sandoval, Xueqing Wang, David Wong, David Becker, Marc Laurent, James T. Lu, Magnus Isaksson, Nicole L. Washington, William Lee
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2022)
MULTIMODALITY ASSESSMENT OF LOW FLOW LOW GRADIENT AORTIC STENOSIS WITH LOW EJECTION FRACTION
Authors: Ramy Mando, Luai Madanat, Steven L. Almany, Ivan Hanson, Michael J. Gallagher, Francis Louis Shannon, Brian M. Renard, George S. Hanzel, Alessandro Vivacqua, Amr E. Abbas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Safety and efficacy of riluzole in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 in France (ATRIL): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Giulia Coarelli, Anna Heinzmann, Claire Ewenczyk, Clara Fischer, Marie Chupin, Marie-Lorraine Monin, Hortense Hurmic, Fabienne Calvas, Patrick Calvas, Cyril Goizet, Stéphane Thobois, Mathieu Anheim, Karine Nguyen, David Devos, Christophe Verny, Vito A G Ricigliano, Jean-François Mangin, Alexis Brice, Sophie Tezenas du Montcel, Alexandra Durr
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2022)
Social Determinants of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Tiffany M. Powell-Wiley, Yvonne Baumer, Foster Osei Baah, Andrew S. Baez, Nicole Farmer, Christa T. Mahlobo, Mario A. Pita, Kameswari A. Potharaju, Kosuke Tamura, Gwenyth R. Wallen
Journal: Circulation Research (2022)

Social determinants of health (SDoH), which encompass the economic, social, environmental, and psychosocial factors that influence health, play a significant role in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors as well as CVD morbidity and mortality. The COVID-19 pandemic and the current social justice movement sparked by the death of George Floyd have laid bare long-existing health inequities in our society driven by SDoH. Despite a recent focus on these structural drivers of health disparities, the impact of SDoH on cardiovascular health and CVD outcomes remains understudied and incompletely understood. To further investigate the mechanisms connecting SDoH and CVD, and ultimately design targeted and effective interventions, it is important to foster interdisciplinary efforts that incorporate translational, epidemiological, and clinical research in examining SDoH-CVD relationships. This review aims to facilitate research coordination and intervention development by providing an evidence-based framework for SDoH rooted in the lived experiences of marginalized populations. Our framework highlights critical structural/socioeconomic, environmental, and psychosocial factors most strongly associated with CVD and explores several of the underlying biologic mechanisms connecting SDoH to CVD pathogenesis, including excess stress hormones, inflammation, immune cell function, and cellular aging. We present landmark studies and recent findings about SDoH in our framework, with careful consideration of the constructs and measures utilized. Finally, we provide a roadmap for future SDoH research focused on individual, clinical, and policy approaches directed towards developing multilevel community-engaged interventions to promote cardiovascular health.
All is not lost: learning from 9p21 loss in cancer
Authors: Pavlina Spiliopoulou, S.Y. Cindy Yang, Jeff P. Bruce, Ben X. Wang, Hal K. Berman, Trevor J. Pugh, Lillian L. Siu
Journal: Trends in Immunology (2022)

The cancer research community continues to search for additional biomarkers of response and resistance to immune checkpoint treatment (ICT). The ultimate goal is to direct the use of ICT in patients whose tumors are most likely to benefit to achieve a refinement that is equivalent to that of a genotype-matched targeted treatment. Dissecting the mechanisms of ICT resistance can help us characterize ICT nonresponders more efficiently. In this opinion, we argue that there may be additional knowledge gained about immune evasion in cancer by analyzing the loss of the human 9p21.3 locus; as an example, we highlight findings of 9p21.3 loss from the investigator-initiated, pan-cancer INSPIRE study, in which patients were treated with pembrolizumab (anti-PD-1 antibody) ICT.
THE EFFICACY OF BI-VENTRICULAR ANTI-TACHYCARDIA PACING VS RIGHT VENTRICULAR ANTITACHYCARDIA PACING FOR THE TERMINATION OF VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY DEVICE
Authors: Jehanzeb Khan, Ali Jafry, Zain Ul Abideen Asad, Shuja AK Khan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
An Enigmatic Stramenopile Sheds Light on Early Evolution in Ochrophyta Plastid Organellogenesis
Authors: Tomonori Azuma, Tomáš Pánek, Alexander K. Tice, Motoki Kayama, Mayumi Kobayashi, Hideaki Miyashita, Toshinobu Suzaki, Akinori Yabuki, Matthew W. Brown, Ryoma Kamikawa
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2022)

Ochrophyta is an algal group belonging to the Stramenopiles and comprises diverse lineages of algae which contribute significantly to the oceanic ecosystems as primary producers. However, early evolution of the plastid organelle in Ochrophyta is not fully understood. In this study, we provide a well-supported tree of the Stramenopiles inferred by the large-scale phylogenomic analysis that unveils the eukaryvorous (nonphotosynthetic) protist Actinophrys sol (Actinophryidae) is closely related to Ochrophyta. We used genomic and transcriptomic data generated from A. sol to detect molecular traits of its plastid and we found no evidence of plastid genome and plastid-mediated biosynthesis, consistent with previous ultrastructural studies that did not identify any plastids in Actinophryidae. Moreover, our phylogenetic analyses of particular biosynthetic pathways provide no evidence of a current and past plastid in A. sol. However, we found more than a dozen organellar aminoacyl-tRNA synthases (aaRSs) that are of algal origin. Close relationships between aaRS from A. sol and their ochrophyte homologs document gene transfer of algal genes that happened before the divergence of Actinophryidae and Ochrophyta lineages. We further showed experimentally that organellar aaRSs of A. sol are targeted exclusively to mitochondria, although organellar aaRSs in Ochrophyta are dually targeted to mitochondria and plastids. Together, our findings suggested that the last common ancestor of Actinophryidae and Ochrophyta had not yet completed the establishment of host-plastid partnership as seen in the current Ochrophyta species, but acquired at least certain nuclear-encoded genes for the plastid functions.
IMPACT OF TAFAMIDIS ON SURVIVAL IN A REAL-WORLD COMMUNITY BASED COHORT
Authors: Kifah Hussain, Victor Macrinici, Lucas Wathen, Iva Minga, Safwan Gaznabi, Esther Kwak, Chi-Hsiung Wang, Amit Pursnani, Nitasha Sarswat
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
British Thoracic Society Clinical Statement on occupational asthma
Authors: Christopher Michael Barber, Paul Cullinan, Johanna Feary, David Fishwick, Jennifer Hoyle, Hayley Mainman, Gareth Iestyn Walters
Journal: Thorax (2022)

This British Thoracic Society (BTS) Clinical Statement addresses occupational asthma and includes key clinical practice points. In an era in which medical practice is increasingly determined by evidence-based guidelines, it must be acknowledged from the outset that there is little or no published evidence for some of the areas covered in this statement1 2; thus, much of the advice is based on expert opinion and accumulated clinical experience. The Clinical Statement Group (CSG) was chaired by Dr Chris Barber. Membership was drawn from current and former members of the BTS Occupational and Environmental Lung Disease Specialist Advisory Group. The CSG identified key areas requiring clinical practice points. The overall content was developed to reflect the scope approved by the BTS Standards of Care Committee (SOCC). Following discussions of broad statement content, individual sections were drafted by group members. A final edited draft was reviewed by the BTS SOCC before posting for public consultation and peer review on the BTS website (August/September 2021). The revised document was approved by the BTS SOCC in November 2021 before final publication. ### Section 1—introduction ### Section 2—work context
Circulating Tumor DNA Minimal Residual Disease Detection of Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Curative Intent
Authors: Bruna Pellini, Aadel A. Chaudhuri
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) minimal residual disease (MRD) is a powerful biomarker with the potential to improve survival outcomes for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Multiple groups have shown the ability to detect MRD following curative-intent NSCLC treatment using next-generation sequencing-based assays of plasma cell-free DNA. These studies have been modest in size, largely retrospective, and without thorough prospective clinical validation. Still, when restricting measurement to the first post-treatment timepoint to assess the clinical performance of ctDNA MRD detection, they have demonstrated sensitivity for predicting disease relapse ranging between 36% and 100%, and specificity ranging between 71% and 100%. When considering all post-treatment follow-up timepoints (surveillance), including those beyond the initial post-treatment measurement, these assays' performances improve with sensitivity and specificity for identifying relapse ranging from 82% to 100% and 70% to 100%, respectively. In this manuscript, we review the evidence available to date regarding ctDNA MRD detection in patients with NSCLC undergoing curative-intent treatment and the ongoing prospective studies involving ctDNA MRD detection in this patient population.
Molecular heterogeneity of CD30+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with prognostic significance and therapeutic implication
Authors: Yu-Jia Huo, Peng-Peng Xu, Di Fu, Hong-Mei Yi, Yao-Hui Huang, Li Wang, Nan Wang, Meng-Meng Ji, Qing-Xiao Liu, Qing Shi, Shuo Wang, Shu Cheng, Yan Feng, Wei-Li Zhao
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2022)
Does Cardiovascular Mortality Overtake Cancer Mortality During Cancer Survivorship?
Authors: Helen Strongman, Sarah Gadd, Anthony A. Matthews, Kathryn E. Mansfield, Susannah Stanway, Alexander R. Lyon, Isabel dos-Santos-Silva, Liam Smeeth, Krishnan Bhaskaran
Journal: JACC CardioOncology (2022)

Cancer survivors have a higher risk for developing cardiovascular diseases than the general population.The aim of this study was to investigate whether cardiovascular mortality overtakes cancer-specific mortality during cancer survivorship and, if so, at what point cardiovascular disease becomes the dominant cause of death.This cohort study used linked English electronic health records, including death registration data. The study population included 104,028 adults ≥40 years of age whose first cancer diagnosis was for 1 of 9 common cancers and who were alive and followed up at least 1 year after diagnosis. Age-stratified mortality rates were estimated from cardiovascular disease or cancer by predicting from Poisson models incorporating categorical age at diagnosis and time since diagnosis. Where cardiovascular disease mortality overtook cancer mortality, the crossover point was estimated using interpolation.Mortality from cardiovascular causes overtook mortality due to the primary cancer at 2 to 11 years after cancer diagnosis in survivors of all 9 cancer types ≥80 years of age at diagnosis and after 5 to 17 years in survivors of 7 cancer types 60 to 79 years of age at diagnosis. Cardiovascular mortality overtook all cancer mortality for 6 and 2 cancer sites in the ≥80-year and 60- to 79-year age groups, respectively, over a longer time period. Cardiovascular mortality did not overtake cancer mortality during the observation period in patients aged 40 to 59 years, except among survivors of uterine cancer.In older survivors of 9 common cancers, cardiovascular mortality becomes dominant over mortality from the primary cancer, though not always over total cancer mortality, as time passes since cancer diagnosis.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN IN-HOSPITAL MORTALITY AND ACE/ARB INHIBITOR USAGE
Authors: Max Ruge, Jeanne du Fay de Lavallaz, Tai Tri Nguyen, Joanne Michelle D. Gomez, Eileen Gajo, Alexandra Sarau, J. Alan Simmons, Anupama Rao, Kim Allan Williams, Karolina Marinescu, Tisha Marie Suboc, Annabelle S. Volgman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
BASELINE ATRIAL FIBROSIS IS ASSOCIATED WITH HIGHER ATRIAL FIBRILLATION BURDEN DURING THE BLANKING PERIOD
Authors: Abdel Hadi El Hajjar, Charbel Noujaim, Mario Mekhael, Zaina Abdel-Karim, Yichi Zhang, Tarek Hassan Ayoub, Christopher Pottle, Chao Huang, Chan Ho Lim, Lilas Dagher, Alan Morris, Eugene Kholmovski, Nassir F. Marrouche
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Heart Failure and Atrial Fibrillation—Chicken or Egg?
Authors: Olurotimi O. Mesubi, Mark E. Anderson
Journal: Circulation Research (2022)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common clinical arrhythmia with a projected 2-to 3-fold increase in prevalence in the coming decades.AF is associated with significant mortality and morbidity, such as stroke, heart failure (HF), and sudden death, despite optimal contemporary therapy with anticoagulation and rate control strategies.AF and HF often coexist and the presence of both portends worse outcomes.This poses the classic the chicken or the egg causality dilemma.The AFFIRM trial (Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management) was a landmark study that compared rate versus rhythm control in AF management and showed no survival advantage with a rhythm control strategy. 1Based on the AFFIRM results, the undesirable side effect profiles of antiarrhythmic medications and the primitive state of radiofrequency ablation therapy for AF at the time, heart rate control alone has been a core AF management strategy.Importantly, AF rate control strategies are designed to reduce excessive ventricular rate responses without altering the irregular pattern of ventricular activation.However, with recent advances in rhythm control strategies incorporating catheter ablation, better antiarrhythmic medication management and patient selection, several studies provide evidence for improved outcomes with rhythm control strategies in patients with AF, and AF associated HF. 2 Thus, there is an increasing recognition that rhythm control is superior to rate control for important clinical outcomes, including HF, mortality, cognitive dysfunction and dementia.Intriguingly, AFFIRM showed that in patients without HF at enrollment, incident symptomatic HF was increased in the rate control arm compared with the rhythm control arm and associated with increased mortality risk. 3Taken together, these and other findings establish a link between AF and HF and strongly suggest that controlling AF can reduce HF.
MOLECULAR IMAGING DETECTS AND QUANTIFIES ACCELERATED ARTERIAL MICROCALCIFICATION IN PATIENTS WITH CRITICAL LIMB ISCHEMIA
Authors: Ting-Heng Chou, Eleanor Rimmerman, Susan N. Eisert, Surina Patel, Timur Sarac, Said Atway, Michael Go, Mitchel R. Stacy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
PROGRESSION OF TRICUSPID REGURGITATION AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH LONGSTANDING PERSISTENT ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Jiaming (Calvin) Liang, Darwin F. Yeung, Christina Luong, John Jue, Kenneth Gin, Parvathy Nair, Teresa S.M. Tsang, Michael Yin-Cheung Tsang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Therapeutic Opportunities and Delivery Strategies for Brain Revascularization in Stroke, Neurodegeneration, and Aging
Authors: Idoia Gallego, Ilia Villate-Beitia, Laura Saenz-del-Burgo, Gustavo Puras, José Luis Pedraz
Journal: Pharmacological Reviews (2022)

Central nervous system (CNS) diseases, especially acute ischemic events and neurodegenerative disorders, constitute a public health problem with no effective treatments to allow a persistent solution. Failed therapies targeting neuronal recovery have revealed the multifactorial and intricate pathophysiology underlying such CNS disorders as ischemic stroke, Alzheimeŕs disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, vascular Parkisonism, vascular dementia, and aging, in which cerebral microvasculature impairment seems to play a key role. In fact, a reduction in vessel density and cerebral blood flow occurs in these scenarios, contributing to neuronal dysfunction and leading to loss of cognitive function. In this review, we provide an overview of healthy brain microvasculature structure and function in health and the effect of the aforementioned cerebral CNS diseases. We discuss the emerging new therapeutic opportunities, and their delivery approaches, aimed at recovering brain vascularization in this context. <h3>Significance Statement</h3> The lack of effective treatments, mainly focused on neuron recovery, has prompted the search of other therapies to treat cerebral central nervous system diseases. The disruption and degeneration of cerebral microvasculature has been evidenced in neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, and aging, constituting a potential target for restoring vascularization, neuronal functioning, and cognitive capacities by the development of therapeutic pro-angiogenic strategies.
AGE RELATED DIFFERENCES IN VENTRICULAR REMODELING AFTER ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: A SERIAL CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE STUDY
Authors: Ruifeng Guo, Xiao Wang, Qian Guo, Yan Yan, Wei Gong, Wen Zheng, Hui Wang, Lei Xu, Shaoping Nie
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Risk and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection in breast cancer patients undergoing a structured infection screening program at the University and Hospital Trust of Verona
Authors: S. Zanelli, E. Fiorio, I. Zampiva, F. Zacchi, G. Borghesani, E. Giontella, V. Parolin, P. Biondani, S. Zuliani, M.V. Dieci, E. Mioranza, M. Zorzi, M. Conti, D. Gibellini, G. Verlato, M. Milella
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2022)
Meet the First Authors
Authors: Yuling Han, Jiajun Zhu, Steffen Pabel
Journal: Circulation Research (2022)

Gao at the Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Science, where he studied the mechanism of viral-host interaction.Currently, Yuling continues and expands his research interests on pluripotent stem cell derived cells/organoids-based disease modeling and drug screening.He started his academic research to try to dissect the pathogenic mechanism of viruses and alleviate the suffering of patients.Outside the lab, he likes cooking and trying new food.