tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P14.62 Overall survival from glioblastoma: partial resection versus biopsy
Authors: L S Bjorland, Ø Fluge, K D Kurz, B Gilje, R Mahesparan, A Ushakova, E Farbu
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2021)

Abstract BACKGROUND Maximal safe resection is standard of care in patients with glioblastoma. Partial resection or biopsy are alternative surgical approaches when macroscopic complete resection is unachievable. Survival benefit from partial resection remains uncertain. We aimed to evaluate overall survival from glioblastoma in patients having undergone partial resection compared to biopsy. MATERIAL AND METHODS We retrospectively identified all patients with histologically confirmed glioblastoma having undergone partial resection or biopsy in Western Norway between 1.1.2007 and 31.12.2014. Clinical characteristics and radiology reports were extracted from electronic medical records. Categorical data were compared by chi square test or Fishers exact test, and continuous data by non-parametric tests. Kaplan Meier method and log rank test were used for survival analyses. RESULTS We identified 158 patients diagnosed with glioblastoma and having undergone biopsy or partial resection. Biopsy was performed in 52 patients (32.9%) and partial resection in 106 patients (67.1%). Median age (range) was 62.5 (18.1–82.3) in the biopsy group and 62.2 (27.9–85.1) in the partial resection group (p=0.90). Median Charlson comorbidity score was four in both groups. Multifocality was observed in 46.2% of patients in the biopsy group, compared to 27.4% of patients in the partial resection group (p=0.02). Deep-seated tumour localisation was also more frequent in the biopsy group than in the partial resection group, seen in 17.3% vs 5.7% of the patients (p=0.04). There was no difference in chemoradiotherapy (CRT) treatment between the groups. CRT according to the Stupp protocol, less intensive CRT and best supportive care was performed in 36.5%, 50.0% and 13.5% of patients in the biopsy group, compared to 45.3%, 49.1% and 5.7% in the partial resection group (p=0.20). Median overall survival in the biopsy group was 8.1 months (95% CI 5.2–11.1) compared to 11.1 months (95% CI 9.4–12.8) in the partial resection group (p=0.19). Median survival in the biopsy group was 13.8 months (95% CI 10.1–17.5), 6.5 months (95% CI 3.6–9.4), and 3.5 months (95% CI 0.0–7.7) for patients receiving CRT according to Stupp protocol, less-intensive CRT and best supportive care, respectively (p&amp;lt;0.001). The corresponding numbers in the partial resection group were 15.1 months (95% CI 13.2–16.9), 9.1 months (95% CI 7.5–10.6), and 1.5 month (95% CI 0.0–4.7) (p&amp;lt;0.001). CONCLUSION Median overall survival was slightly longer in patients having undergone partial resection compared to biopsy, however not statistically significant. Prospective studies are needed to evaluate the survival benefit from partial resection.
No-Touch Versus Conventional Vein Harvesting Techniques at 12 Months After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery: Multicenter Randomized, Controlled Trial
Authors: Meice Tian, Xianqiang Wang, Hansong Sun, Wei Feng, Yunhu Song, Feng Lu, Liqing Wang, Yang Wang, Bo Xu, Huaibin Wang, Su Liu, Zhigang Liu, Yu Chen, Qi Miao, Pixiong Su, Yan Yang, Shaoxian Guo, Bin Lu, Zhiqiang Sun, Kaiyang Liu, Changwei Zhang, Yue Wu, Haitao Xu, Wei Zhao, Chao Han, Xingtong Zhou, Enshi Wang, Xiaoning Huo, Shengshou Hu
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Vein graft occlusion is deemed a major challenge in coronary artery bypass grafting. Previous studies implied that the no-touch technique for vein graft harvesting could reduce occlusion rate compared with the conventional approach; however, evidence on the clinical benefit and generalizability of the no-touch technique is scare.From April 2017 to June 2019, we randomly assigned 2655 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting at 7 hospitals in a 1:1 ratio to receive no-touch technique or conventional approach for vein harvesting. The primary outcome was vein graft occlusion on computed tomography angiography at 3 months and the secondary outcomes included 12-month vein graft occlusion, recurrence of angina, and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events. The generalized estimate equation model was used to account for the cluster effect of grafts from the same patient.During the follow-up, 2533 (96.0%) participants received computed tomography angiography at 3 months after coronary artery bypass grafting and 2434 (92.2%) received it at 12 months. The no-touch group had significantly lower rates of vein graft occlusion than the conventional group both at 3 months (2.8% versus 4.8%; odds ratio, 0.57 [95% CI, 0.41-0.80]; P<0.001) and 12 months (3.7% versus 6.5%; odds ratio, 0.56 [95% CI, 0.41-0.76]; P<0.001). Recurrence of angina was also less common in the no-touch group at 12 months (2.3% versus 4.1%; odds ratio, 0.55 [95% CI, 0.35-0.85]; P<0.01). Rates of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events were of no significant difference between the 2 groups. The no-touch technique was associated with higher rates of leg wound surgical interventions at 3-month follow-up (10.3% versus 4.3%; odds ratio, 2.55 [95% CI, 1.85-3.52]; P<0.001).Compared with the conventional vein harvesting approach in coronary artery bypass grafting, the no-touch technique significantly reduced the risk of vein graft occlusion and improved patient prognosis. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT03126409.
Poly(2‐alkyl‐2‐oxazoline)‐Heparin Hydrogels—Expanding the Physicochemical Parameter Space of Biohybrid Materials
Authors: Dominik Hahn, Jannick M. Sonntag, Steffen Lück, Manfred F. Maitz, Uwe Freudenberg, Rainer Jordan, Carsten Werner
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2021)

Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-glycosaminoglycan (GAG) hydrogel networks are established as very versatile biomaterials. Herein, the synthetic gel component of the biohybrid materials is systematically varied by combining different poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazolines) (POx) with heparin applying a Michael-type addition crosslinking scheme: POx of gradated hydrophilicity and temperature-responsiveness provides polymer networks of distinctly different stiffness and swelling. Adjusting the mechanical properties and the GAG concentration of the gels to similar values allows for modulating the release of GAG-binding growth factors (VEGF165 and PDGF-BB) by the choice of the POx and its temperature-dependent conformation. Adsorption of fibronectin, growth of fibroblasts, and bacterial adhesion scale with the hydrophobicity of the gel-incorporated POx. In vitro hemocompatibility tests with freshly drawn human whole blood show advantages of POx-based gels compared to the PEG-based reference materials. Biohybrid POx hydrogels can therefore enable biomedical technologies requiring GAG-based materials with customized and switchable physicochemical characteristics.
P13.12 Effect of tumor treating fields on tumor microtubes in glioma
Authors: M Ratliff, S Schlieper-Scherf, D Hausmann, E Jung, E Maier, T M Ratliff, N Etminan, F Winkler
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2021)

Abstract BACKGROUND Tumor microtubes (TMs) are ultralong membrane protrusions of tumor cells in astrocytic gliomas, including glioblastomas. TMs are used as routes for brain invasion and for cells to interconnect over long distances resulting in a functional network that allows multicellular communication. This network mediates resistance against the cytotoxicity of radiation and chemotherapy. One explanation for TM network protection is a better homeostasis of calcium ions that would otherwise increase to toxic intracellular levels in response to these therapies. Our working hypothesis is that interfering with the integrity of the glioblastoma cell network is key to a potential breakthrough in glioma therapy. Many cellular structures are polarized and composed of charged elements and are thus potential subjects to electrical forces; this might also influence the complex intercellular calcium waves (ICWs) that are characteristic for glioma networks. We were therefore interested in the effect of TTF on glioma network maintenance. MATERIAL AND METHODS To examine the effect of TTF on glioma TMs we have established a 2D in vitro glioma model using glioblastoma stem cells (GBSCs) grown in high-glucose medium and a 3D model using glioma tumor organoids. Both models reliably reproduce functionality and complexity of morphological features we observe in our mouse model. We analyzed the disruption of tumor network complexity and disruption of functionality by measuring intercellular calcium waves. Tumor cell death and proliferation was investigated in the 2D in vitro glioma model using the inovitroTM-System. RESULTS A peculiar “cricked-TM” phenotype that rarely (0.2% ±0.14) occurred under standard or control conditions was observed in TTF-treated cells (16.22% ±5.12). Cell number was reduced by 75% in two lines of GBSCs after 5 days of TTF exposure; predominantly TM-rich GBSCs (&amp;gt; 4 TMs) were affected. This reduction in tumor cell number corresponded with an increase in cell death (0.3% ±0.09 in untreated cells; 1.4% ±0.45 at day 5 of TTF exposure). The frequency of intercellular calcium transients, a measurement for calcium wave frequency in the glioma networks, was instantly reduced after TTF exposure to 58% ±20.42 of control levels in the primary GBSC 2D culture, and to 57.78% ±12.34 in tumor organoids derived from 3 glioblastoma patients. CONCLUSION This data suggests a potential effect of TTF application on tumor cell networks, at least in vitro. Interestingly, particularly those glioblastoma cells that have so far been proven to be resistant to radio- and chemotherapy appeared to be affected. We will confirm the observed effects of TTFs on tumor cell calcium signaling in our in vivo chronic cranial window mouse model. We anticipate that the results of our project will provide important insights into the underlying mechanism of TTF therapy.
A 3D‐Bioprinted Multiple Myeloma Model
Authors: Di Wu, Zongyi Wang, Jun Li, Yan Song, Manuel Everardo Mondragon Perez, Zixuan Wang, Xia Cao, Changliang Cao, Sushila Maharjan, Kenneth C. Anderson, Dharminder Chauhan, Yu Shrike Zhang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2021)

Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy of plasma cells accounting for ≈12% of hematological malignancies. In this study, the fabrication of a high‐content in vitro MM model using a coaxial extrusion bioprinting method is reported, allowing formation of a human bone marrow‐like microenvironment featuring an outer mineral‐containing sheath and the inner soft hydrogel‐based core. MM cells are mono‐cultured or co‐cultured with HS5 stromal cells that can release interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), where the cells show superior behaviors and responses to bortezomib in 3D models than in the planar cultures. Tocilizumab, a recombinant humanized anti‐IL‐6 receptor (IL‐6R), is investigated for its efficacy to enhance the chemosensitivity of bortezomib on MM cells cultured in the 3D model by inhibiting IL‐6R. More excitingly, in a proof‐of‐concept demonstration, it is revealed that patient‐derived MM cells can be maintained in 3D‐bioprinted microenvironment with decent viability for up to 7 days evaluated, whereas they completely die off in planar culture as soon as 5 days. In conclusion, a 3D‐bioprinted MM model is fabricated to emulate some characteristics of the human bone marrow to promote growth and proliferation of the encapsulated MM cells, providing new insights for MM modeling, drug development, and personalized therapy in the future.
Trends in undiagnosed HIV prevalence in England and implications for eliminating HIV transmission by 2030: an evidence synthesis model
Authors: Anne M Presanis, Ross J Harris, Peter D Kirwan, Ada Miltz, Sara Croxford, Ellen Heinsbroek, Christopher H Jackson, Hamish Mohammed, Alison E Brown, Valerie C Delpech, O Noel Gill, Daniela De Angelis
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2021)

BackgroundA target to eliminate HIV transmission in England by 2030 was set in early 2019. This study aimed to estimate trends from 2013 to 2019 in HIV prevalence, particularly the number of people living with undiagnosed HIV, by exposure group, ethnicity, gender, age group, and region. These estimates are essential to monitor progress towards elimination.MethodsA Bayesian synthesis of evidence from multiple surveillance, demographic, and survey datasets relevant to HIV in England was used to estimate trends in the number of people living with HIV, the proportion of people unaware of their HIV infection, and the corresponding prevalence of undiagnosed HIV. All estimates were stratified by exposure group, ethnicity, gender, age group (15–34, 35–44, 45–59, or 60–74 years), region (London, or outside of London) and year (2013–19).FindingsThe total number of people living with HIV aged 15–74 years in England increased from 83 500 (95% credible interval 80 200–89 600) in 2013 to 92 800 (91 000–95 600) in 2019. The proportion diagnosed steadily increased from 86% (80–90%) to 94% (91–95%) during the same time period, corresponding to a halving in the number of undiagnosed infections from 11 600 (8300–17 700) to 5900 (4400–8700) and in undiagnosed prevalence from 0·29 (0·21–0·44) to 0·14 (0·11–0·21) per 1000 population. Similar steep declines were estimated in all subgroups of gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men and in most subgroups of Black African heterosexuals. The pace of reduction was less pronounced for heterosexuals in other ethnic groups and people who inject drugs, particularly outside London; however, undiagnosed prevalence in these groups has remained very low.InterpretationThe UNAIDS target of diagnosing 90% of people living with HIV by 2020 was reached by 2016 in England, with the country on track to achieve the new target of 95% diagnosed by 2025. Reductions in transmission and undiagnosed prevalence have corresponded to large scale-up of testing in key populations and early diagnosis and treatment. Additional and intensified prevention measures are required to eliminate transmission of HIV among the communities that have experienced slower declines than other subgroups, despite having very low prevalences of HIV.FundingUK Medical Research Council and Public Health England.
Epicardial differentiation drives fibro-fatty remodeling in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Arwa Kohela, Sebastiaan J. van Kampen, Tara Moens, Martijn Wehrens, Bas Molenaar, Cornelis J. Boogerd, Jantine Monshouwer-Kloots, Ilaria Perini, Marie José Goumans, Anke M. Smits, J. Peter van Tintelen, Eva van Rooij
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2021)

Modeling ACM using human-induced pluripotent stem cells shows that epicardial disruption of the desmosome drives cardiac fibro-fatty remodeling.
Follow-The-Leader Mechanisms in Medical Devices: A Review on Scientific and Patent Literature
Authors: Costanza Culmone, Fatih S. Yikilmaz, Fabian Trauzettel, Paul Breedveld
Journal: IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering (2021)

Conventional medical instruments are not capable of passing through tortuous anatomy as required for natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery due to their rigid shaft designs. Nevertheless, developments in minimally invasive surgery are pushing medical devices to become more dexterous. Amongst devices with controllable flexibility, so-called Follow-The-Leader (FTL) devices possess motion capabilities to pass through confined spaces without interacting with anatomical structures. The goal of this literature study is to provide a comprehensive overview of medical devices with FTL motion. A scientific and patent literature search was performed in five databases (Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, IEEExplore, Espacenet). Keywords were used to isolate FTL behavior in devices with medical applications. Ultimately, 35 unique devices were reviewed and categorized. Devices were allocated according to their design strategies to obtain the three fundamental sub-functions of FTL motion: <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">steering</i> , (controlling the leader/end-effector orientation), <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">propagation</i> , (advancing the device along a specific path), and <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">conservation</i> (memorizing the shape of the path taken by the device). A comparative analysis of the devices was carried out, showing the commonly used design choices for each sub-function and the different combinations. The advantages and disadvantages of the design aspects and an overview of their performance were provided. Devices that were initially assessed as ineligible were considered in a possible medical context or presented with FTL potential, broadening the classification. This review could aid in the development of a new generation of FTL devices by providing a comprehensive overview of the current solutions and stimulating the search for new ones.
P-118 Survival outcomes of adjuvant chemotherapy in stage IVA/B high-grade appendiceal cancer treated with cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy
Authors: E. Baron, A. Sardi, M. King, A. Nikiforchin, F. Lopez-Ramirez, M. Sittig, V. Gushchin, P. Ledakis
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Critically ill cancer patient’s resuscitation: a Belgian/French societies’ consensus conference
Authors: Anne-Pascale Meert, Sebastian Wittnebel, Stéphane Holbrechts, Anne-Claire Toffart, Jean-Jacques Lafitte, Michael Piagnerelli, France Lemaitre, Olivier Peyrony, Laurent Calvel, Jean Lemaitre, Emmanuel Canet, Alexandre Demoule, Michael Darmon, Jean-Paul Sculier, Louis Voigt, Virginie Lemiale, Frédéric Pène, David Schnell, Etienne Lengline, Thierry Berghmans, Laurence Fiévet, Christiane Jungels, Xiaoxiao Wang, Ionela Bold, Aureliano Pistone, Adriano Salaroli, Bogdan Grigoriu, Dominique Benoit, Anne-Pascale Meert, Sebastian Wittnebel, Stéphane Holbrechts, Anne-Claire Toffart, Jean-Jacques Lafitte, Michael Piagnerelli, France Lemaitre, Olivier Peyrony, Laurent Calvel, Jean Lemaitre, Emmanuel Canet, Alexandre Demoule, Michael Darmon, Jean-Paul Sculier, Louis Voigt, Virginie Lemiale, Frédéric Pène, David Schnell, Etienne Lengline, Thierry Berghmans, Laurence Fiévet, Christiane Jungels, Xiaoxiao Wang, Ionela Bold, Aureliano Pistone, Adriano Salaroli, Bogdan Grigoriu, Dominique Benoit, Elisabeth Quoix, Nathalie Meuleman, Djamel Mokart, Valérie Durieux, Dominique Peltgen, Nathalie Leclercq, Alain Vanmeerhaeghe
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2021)
P14.32 Patterns of invasion in Glioblastoma have unique radiological features, varied response to radiotherapy and long term outcomes
Authors: A S Uday Krishna, A Nargund, V Santosh, S Mathew, N Thimmiah, A A, L V
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2021)

Abstract BACKGROUND To assess the correlation of the three patterns of invasion of Glioblastoma (GB) with the respective MRI features, response to radiotherapy and disease free survival MATERIAL AND METHODS Histopathology of 62 patients with Glioblastoma who had undergone maximal safe resection (MSR)/ stereotactic biopsy (STB) &amp; referred for adjuvant therapy was reviewed to assess the pattern of invasion. Three patterns were observed- single cell infiltration (pattern 1), perineuronal satellitosis (pattern 2) and vessel cooption (or perivascular spread, pattern 3), majority also had diffuse infiltration pattern in the background. The pre and post operative MRI scans were utilized for RT planning of 3DCRT/ IMRT/ VMAT, the modality decided by the treating oncologist. RT volumes were as per ESTRO-ACROP guidelines. Duration of radiotherapy- the Stupp regimen or a short course of hypofractionated radiotherapy (HFRT) (35Gy/10Fr- planned gap- completion of total dose) was based on the extent of resection (EOR) and KPS at the time of RT. Correlation of the pattern of invasion, MRI characteristics of each on the response to radiotherapy as assessed by RANO criteria and survival was analysed with the help of SPSS V21. RESULTS MRI findings after stratification of 62 patients, median age 43 years(18–70), M:F::42:20) into type 1:17, type 2:21 and type 3:24- patterns of invasion, were cortical tumours (subtle enhancement) close to SVZ, solid (+/- cystic) lesion in the eloquent cortex or large mass effect crossing the barriers respectively. OS of entire cohort at 1 year was 75%, with significant differences among groups (82% vs. 85% vs. 50%). Among pattern 1, those patients with IDH mutant (20%) &amp; mean dose to C/L SVZ of 30Gy or more had longer DFS at 1 year (89% Vs. 38% &amp; 85% vs. 0%, p&amp;lt;0.05). In pattern 2, EOR (gross total or near total resection Vs. only STB) showed a better DFS at 1 year (90% vs. 40%, p=0.095). In patients with pattern 3, 40% had post op KPS of &amp;lt;80 and 20% of them underwent HFRT who showed higher CR/PR rates compared to the conventional RT. HFRT in low KPS with m-MGMT showed higher local control at 6 months (100% Vs. 66%, p= 0.02). CONCLUSION Glioblastoma has three patterns of invasion with unique MRI features and aggressiveness for each. Identification of this may guide choice of adjuvant therapy, patterns of failure and therapy resistance
Reply to: Postbiotics — when simplification fails to clarify
Authors: Seppo Salminen, Maria Carmen Collado, Akihito Endo, Colin Hill, Sarah Lebeer, Eamonn M. M. Quigley, Mary Ellen Sanders, Raanan Shamir, Jonathan R. Swann, Hania Szajewska, Gabriel Vinderola
Journal: Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology (2021)
Helen Salisbury: Has your weight changed recently?
Authors: Helen Salisbury
Journal: BMJ (2021)

As doctors, we ask questions about weight many times a day. We may ask because we’re worried about fluid retention in heart failure, or we may be thinking about causes of increased breathlessness or blood pressure. We may be concerned about the possible onset of diabetes, thyroid disease, severe depression, or undiagnosed malignancy. I often find myself explaining to patients that, in this specific circumstance—where we want to rule out serious disease—the fact that they haven’t lost weight is a good thing, although more generally it would be beneficial for their health if they did.

Talking …
Frontal fibrosing alopecia in men: A multicenter study of 39 patients
Authors: Alejandro Lobato-Berezo, Maribel Iglesias-Sancho, Enrique Rodríguez-Lomba, Juan Francisco Mir-Bonafé, Virginia Velasco-Tamariz, María Librada Porriño-Bustamante, Ramón Grimalt, Ignasi Figueras-Nart, Andrea Combalia, Ramon M. Pujol
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2021)
The STAT3-MYC axis promotes survival of leukemia stem cells by regulating SLC1A5 and oxidative phosphorylation
Authors: Maria L. Amaya, Anagha Inguva, Shanshan Pei, Courtney Jones, Anna Krug, Haobin Ye, Mohammad Minhajuddin, Amanda Winters, Steffanie L. Furtek, Fabia Gamboni, Brett Stevens, Angelo D’Alessandro, Daniel A. Pollyea, Philip Reigan, Craig T. Jordan
Journal: Blood (2021)
204P Predictive factors for relapse in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients without pathologic complete response (PCR)
Authors: M. Venturelli, A. Toss, M. Civallero, C. Piombino, F. Domati, F. Combi, G. Tazzioli, M. Dominici, L. Cortesi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
1540P Ripretinib as ≥4th-line treatment in patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor: Long-term update from the phase III INVICTUS study
Authors: M. von Mehren, M.C. Heinrich, S. George, J.R. Zalcberg, S. Bauer, H. Gelderblom, P. Schöffski, C. Serrano, R.L. Jones, S. Attia, G. D'Amato, P. Chi, P. Reichardt, J.N. Meade, V.L. Reichert, K. Shi, R. Ruiz-Soto, J-Y. Blay
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)