tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Egg and cholesterol consumption and mortality from cardiovascular and different causes in the United States: A population-based cohort study
Authors: Pan Zhuang, Fei Wu, Lei Mao, Fanghuan Zhu, Yiju Zhang, Xiaoqian Chen, Jingjing Jiao, Yu Zhang
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2021)

Background Whether consumption of egg and cholesterol is detrimental to cardiovascular health and longevity is highly debated. Data from large-scale cohort studies are scarce. This study aimed to examine the associations of egg and cholesterol intakes with mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and other causes in a US population. Methods and findings Overall, 521,120 participants (aged 50–71 years, mean age = 62.2 years, 41.2% women, and 91.8% non-Hispanic white) were recruited from 6 states and 2 additional cities in the US between 1995 and 1996 and prospectively followed up until the end of 2011. Intakes of whole eggs, egg whites/substitutes, and cholesterol were assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire. Cause-specific hazard models considering competing risks were used, with the lowest quintile of energy-adjusted intake (per 2,000 kcal per day) as the reference. There were 129,328 deaths including 38,747 deaths from CVD during a median follow-up of 16 years. Whole egg and cholesterol intakes were both positively associated with all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality. In multivariable-adjusted models, the hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) associated with each intake of an additional half of a whole egg per day were 1.07 (1.06–1.08) for all-cause mortality, 1.07 (1.06–1.09) for CVD mortality, and 1.07 (1.06–1.09) for cancer mortality. Each intake of an additional 300 mg of dietary cholesterol per day was associated with 19%, 16%, and 24% higher all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality, respectively. Mediation models estimated that cholesterol intake contributed to 63.2% (95% CI 49.6%–75.0%), 62.3% (95% CI 39.5%–80.7%), and 49.6% (95% CI 31.9%–67.4%) of all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality associated with whole egg consumption, respectively. Egg white/substitute consumers had lower all-cause mortality and mortality from stroke, cancer, respiratory disease, and Alzheimer disease compared with non-consumers. Hypothetically, replacing half a whole egg with equivalent amounts of egg whites/substitutes, poultry, fish, dairy products, or nuts/legumes was related to lower all-cause, CVD, cancer, and respiratory disease mortality. Study limitations include its observational nature, reliance on participant self-report, and residual confounding despite extensive adjustment for acknowledged dietary and lifestyle risk factors. Conclusions In this study, intakes of eggs and cholesterol were associated with higher all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality. The increased mortality associated with egg consumption was largely influenced by cholesterol intake. Our findings suggest limiting cholesterol intake and replacing whole eggs with egg whites/substitutes or other alternative protein sources for facilitating cardiovascular health and long-term survival. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00340015 .
Cell membrane-derived vesicles for delivery of therapeutic agents
Authors: Quoc-Viet Le, Jaiwoo Lee, Hobin Lee, Gayong Shim, Yu-Kyoung Oh
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2021)

Cell membranes have recently emerged as a new source of materials for molecular delivery systems. Cell membranes have been extruded or sonicated to make nanoscale vesicles. Unlike synthetic lipid or polymeric nanoparticles, cell membrane-derived vesicles have a unique multicomponent feature, comprising lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. Because cell membrane-derived vesicles contain the intrinsic functionalities and signaling networks of their parent cells, they can overcome various obstacles encountered
Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices Recommended Immunization Schedule for Adults Aged 19 Years or Older — United States, 2019
Authors: David K. Kim, Paul Hunter
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2019)

In October 2018, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)* voted to recommend approval of the Recommended Immunization Schedule for Adults, Aged 19 Years or Older, United States, 2019. The 2019 adult immunization schedule, available at https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules,
The Impact of Early Referrals to Dietitians for Patients With Esophagogastric Cancer
Authors: Eric J. Roeland, Richard F. Dunne
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2021)

Assistant Professor at the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center.His oncology clinical practice focuses on the care of patients with gastrointestinal cancer, while his palliative care practice includes patients with all types of cancer.His clinical research focuses on identifying and evaluating novel approaches to minimize suffering and maximize the quality of life for patients with cancer.
Effect of Dupilumab Treatment on Blood Eosinophil Levels in Patients With Asthma, Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP), Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE), or Atopic Dermatitis (AD)
Authors: Michael Wechsler, Amy Klion, Pierluigi Paggiaro, Parameswaran Nair, Delphine Staumont-Salle, Amr Radwan, Robert Johnson, Upender Kapoor, Faisal A. Khokhar, Nadia Daizadeh, Zhen Chen, Elizabeth Laws, Juby Jacob-Nara, Leda Mannent, Marcella Ruddy, Paul Rowe, Yamo Deniz
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2021)
Managing Patients with Severe Asthma and Common Comorbidities of Atopy, Obesity &amp; Depression/Anxiety: Real-world Effectiveness of Mepolizumab
Authors: Nestor Molfino, Thomas Casale, Jared Silver, Michael Bogart, Elizabeth Packnett, Donna McMorrow, Juan Wu, Beth Hahn
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2021)
Genetic and functional interaction network analysis reveals global enrichment of regulatory T cell genes influencing basal cell carcinoma susceptibility
Authors: Christelle Adolphe, Angli Xue, Atefeh Taherian Fard, Laura A. Genovesi, Jian Yang, Brandon J. Wainwright
Journal: Genome Medicine (2021)

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the skin is the most common form of human cancer, with more than 90% of tumours presenting with clear genetic activation of the Hedgehog pathway. However, polygenic risk factors affecting mechanisms such as DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoints or which modulate the tumour microenvironment or host immune system play significant roles in determining whether genetic mutations culminate in BCC development. We set out to define background genetic factors that play a role in influencing BCC susceptibility via promoting or suppressing the effects of oncogenic drivers of BCC.
Abstract 47: Treatment With a DNA Vaccine in Experimentally <i>Trypanosoma</i> <i>cruzi</i> -infected Dogs Modulates Cellular Immune Response
Authors: Minerva Arce-Fonseca, Ana C Carbajal-Hernández, Mónica Lozano-Camacho, Silvia C Carrillo-Sánchez, Martha Rios-Castro, Olivia Rodríguez-Morales
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

Chagas Disease (CD) is caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi . Eight million people are infected in Latin America and 10,000 die annually; because CD has prolonged chronicity is considered the parasitic disease with greater economic burden in Latin America. The 30% to 40% of patients develop chronic chagasic cardiomyopathies and disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. It has not found an effective treatment to cure the chronic disease; nifurtimox and benznidazole in the acute stage offer controversial results. The objective of this study was to test a treatment with plasmid DNA containing T. cruzi genes in dogs with experimental CD and to determine the cellular immune response. Thirty Beagle dogs were divided into 6 groups with 5 dogs each. Dogs from five groups were intraperitoneally infected with 3500 metacyclic trypomastigotes / kg body weight. Two weeks after infection, intramuscular therapeutic vaccinations were administered thrice at 2-week intervals. The plasmids used were: pBCSSP4 (containing a gene encoding an amastigote-specific protein), pBCSP (containing a gene encoding a trans -sialidase protein), pBCSSP4 + pBCSP and pBK-CMV (empty vector); control groups were saline solution mock- treated and non-infected/non-treated dogs. IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha levels were determined by ELISA in each of the serum samples at different times. The proliferative response of spleen cells in vitro at 15 and 30 days after last treatment was studied. IL-6 and IL-12 levels were slightly increased in pBCSSP4 plasmid-treated animals; TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma levels rose after pBCSP plasmid treatment. Treatment with either two recombinant plasmids produced no increase in IL-1 levels. The use of mixed plasmid did not have a synergistic effect. Cell proliferation was induced by DNA plasmid treatment. The highest stimulation index (2.5) was observed in pBCSSP4 plasmid-treated dogs. In conclusion, cellular immune responses are stimulated by therapeutic DNA vaccine; pBCSP plasmid treatment showed polarized type Th1 immune response, while there was a balance in Th1 / Th2 response when pBCSSP4 plasmid was used as treatment. These results support the promising novel therapeutic application with DNA using TcSSP4 and TcSP genes against CD.
Five‐year efficacy and safety of tildrakizumab in patients with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis who respond at week 28: pooled analyses of two randomized phase III clinical trials (reSURFACE 1 and reSURFACE 2)*
Authors: D. Thaci, S. Piaserico, R.B. Warren, A.K. Gupta, W. Cantrell, Z. Draelos, P. Foley, A. Igarashi, R.G. Langley, A. Asahina, M. Young, M. Falqués, I. Pau‐Charles, A.M. Mendelsohn, S.J. Rozzo, K. Reich
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2021)

The phase III reSURFACE 1 and reSURFACE 2 (NCT01722331/NCT01729754) trials of the anti-interleukin-23p19 monoclonal antibody tildrakizumab (TIL) for psoriasis treatment are complete.We present 5-year pooled data from reSURFACE 1 and reSURFACE 2.reSURFACE 1 and reSURFACE 2 were double-blind, randomized, controlled studies with optional long-term extensions. Adults with moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis were randomized 2 : 2 : 1 to TIL 100 mg (TIL 100) or 200 mg (TIL 200) or placebo at weeks 0 and 4, and every 12 weeks thereafter [reSURFACE 2 included an etanercept (ETN) arm]. Efficacy outcomes included proportions of patients achieving absolute and relative improvement from baseline Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score through week 244 in TIL responders (≥ 75% improvement from baseline PASI; PASI 75 response) continuously receiving the same dose and ETN partial responders and nonresponders (PASI < 75 response) switched to TIL 200 at week 28. Safety was assessed from adverse events (AEs) in all patients as treated.Efficacy analyses included 329 and 227 week 28 responders to TIL 100 and TIL 200, respectively, and 121 ETN partial responders/nonresponders switched to TIL 200 at week 28. Of TIL 100 or TIL 200 responders and ETN partial responders/nonresponders entering the extensions, 235/302, 176/213 and 85/107, respectively, were evaluated at week 244, and 88·7%, 92·5% and 81·3%, respectively, achieved PASI 75 response. Exposure-adjusted rates of serious AEs were 6·3 and 6·0 patients with events per 100 patient-years of TIL 100 and TIL 200, respectively.TIL treatment provided sustained disease control over 5 years in week 28 TIL responders and ETN partial responders/nonresponders, with a reassuring safety profile.
Cemiplimab monotherapy for first-line treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer with PD-L1 of at least 50%: a multicentre, open-label, global, phase 3, randomised, controlled trial
Authors: Ahmet Sezer, Saadettin Kilickap, Mahmut Gümüş, Igor Bondarenko, Mustafa Özgüroğlu, Miranda Gogishvili, Haci M Turk, Irfan Cicin, Dmitry Bentsion, Oleg Gladkov, Philip Clingan, Virote Sriuranpong, Naiyer Rizvi, Bo Gao, Siyu Li, Sue Lee, Kristina McGuire, Chieh-I Chen, Tamta Makharadze, Semra Paydas, Marina Nechaeva, Frank Seebach, David M Weinreich, George D Yancopoulos, Giuseppe Gullo, Israel Lowy, Petra Rietschel
Journal: The Lancet (2021)
Bifacial Implants: Sustainably Powered, Multifunctional Flexible Feedback Implant by the Bifacial Design and Si Photovoltaics (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 3/2021)
Authors: Dongwuk Jung, Kwangsun Song, Hunpyo Ju, Hyeongoh Park, Jung Hyun Han, Namyun Kim, Juho Kim, Jongho Lee
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2021)

In article number 2001480 by Jongho Lee and co-workers, a unique approach is developed for the design and integration of a sustainably powered, bi-facial multi-functional electronic implant that provides several milliwatts of power under the skin for feedback functions of stand-alone sensing, processing, and stimulation in flexible forms while occupying half of the area required for single-faced ones.
Why Not Adore ADAURA?—The Trial We Need vs the Trial We Got
Authors: Howard (Jack) West, Bishal Gyawali
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Timing of Aspirin Use in Colorectal Cancer Chemoprevention: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Yin Zhang, Andrew T Chan, Jeffrey A Meyerhardt, Edward L Giovannucci
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2021)

Prior epidemiological and intervention studies have not been able to separate independent effects of dose, timing, and duration of aspirin use in colorectal cancer (CRC) chemoprevention. We examined aspirin-based CRC chemoprevention according to timing in the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-Up Study.
Caucasian lean subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease share long-term prognosis of non-lean: time for reappraisal of BMI-driven approach?
Authors: Ramy Younes, Olivier Govaere, Salvatore Petta, Luca Miele, Dina Tiniakos, Alastair Burt, Ezio David, Fabio Maria Vecchio, Marco Maggioni, Daniela Cabibi, Duncan McLeod, Maria Jesus Pareja, Anna Ludovica Fracanzani, Rocio Aller, Chiara Rosso, Javier Ampuero, Rocío Gallego-Durán, Angelo Armandi, Gian Paolo Caviglia, Marco Y W Zaki, Antonio Liguori, Paolo Francione, Grazia Pennisi, Antonio Grieco, Giovanni Birolo, Piero Fariselli, Mohammed Eslam, Luca Valenti, Jacob George, Manuel Romero-Gómez, Quentin Mark Anstee, Elisabetta Bugianesi
Journal: Gut (2021)

Objective The full phenotypic expression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in lean subjects is incompletely characterised. We aimed to investigate prevalence, characteristics and long-term prognosis of Caucasian lean subjects with NAFLD. Design The study cohort comprises 1339 biopsy-proven NAFLD subjects from four countries (Italy, UK, Spain and Australia), stratified into lean and non-lean (body mass index (BMI) &lt;/≥25 kg/m 2 ). Liver/non-liver-related events and survival free of transplantation were recorded during the follow-up, compared by log-rank testing and reported by adjusted HR. Results Lean patients represented 14.4% of the cohort and were predominantly of Italian origin (89%). They had less severe histological disease (lean vs non-lean: non-alcoholic steatohepatitis 54.1% vs 71.2% p&lt;0.001; advanced fibrosis 10.1% vs 25.2% p&lt;0.001), lower prevalence of diabetes (9.2% vs 31.4%, p&lt;0.001), but no significant differences in the prevalence of the PNPLA3 I148M variant (p=0.57). During a median follow-up of 94 months (&gt;10 483 person-years), 4.7% of lean vs 7.7% of non-lean patients reported liver-related events (p=0.37). No difference in survival was observed compared with non-lean NAFLD (p=0.069). Conclusions Caucasian lean subjects with NAFLD may progress to advanced liver disease, develop metabolic comorbidities and experience cardiovascular disease (CVD) as well as liver-related mortality, independent of longitudinal progression to obesity and PNPLA3 genotype. These patients represent one end of a wide spectrum of phenotypic expression of NAFLD where the disease manifests at lower overall BMI thresholds. Lay summary NAFLD may affect and progress in both obese and lean individuals. Lean subjects are predominantly males, have a younger age at diagnosis and are more prevalent in some geographic areas. During the follow-up, lean subjects can develop hepatic and extrahepatic disease, including metabolic comorbidities, in the absence of weight gain. These patients represent one end of a wide spectrum of phenotypic expression of NAFLD.
Neurocognitive functioning and radiologic changes in primary CNS lymphoma patients: results from the HOVON 105/ALLG NHL 24 randomized controlled trial
Authors: Matthijs van der Meulen, Linda Dirven, Esther J J Habets, Katerina Bakunina, Marion Smits, Hakim C Achterberg, Tatjana Seute, Gavin Cull, Harry Schouten, Josée M Zijlstra, Dieta Brandsma, Roelien H Enting, Max Beijert, Martin J B Taphoorn, Martin J van den Bent, Samar Issa, Jeanette K Doorduijn, Jacoline E C Bromberg
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2021)

Abstract Background To analyze the effect of treatment on neurocognitive functioning and the association of neurocognition with radiological abnormalities in primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). Methods One hundred and ninety-nine patients from a phase III trial (HOVON 105/ALLG NHL 24), randomized to standard chemotherapy with or without rituximab, followed in patients ≤60 years old by 30-Gy whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT), were asked to participate in a neuropsychological evaluation before and during treatment, and up to 2 years posttreatment. Scores were transformed into a standardized z-score; clinically relevant changes were defined as a change in z-score of ≥1 SD. The effect of WBRT was analyzed in irradiated patients. All MRIs were centrally assessed for white matter abnormalities and cerebral atrophy, and their relation with neurocognitive scores over time in each domain was calculated. Results 125/199 patients consented to neurocognitive evaluation. Statistically significant improvements in neurocognition were seen in all domains. A clinically relevant improvement was seen only in the motor speed domain, without differences between the arms. In the follow-up of irradiated patients (n = 43), no change was observed in any domain score, compared to after WBRT. Small but significant inverse correlations were found between neurocognitive scores over time and changes in white matter abnormalities (regression coefficients: −0.048 to −0.347) and cerebral atrophy (−0.212 to −1.774). Conclusions Addition of rituximab to standard treatment in PCNSL patients did not impact neurocognitive functioning up to 2 years posttreatment, nor did treatment with 30-Gy WBRT in patients ≤60 years old. Increased white matter abnormalities and brain atrophy showed weak associations with neurocognition.
Risk of Progression to Diabetes Among Older Adults With Prediabetes
Authors: Mary R. Rooney, Andreea M. Rawlings, James S. Pankow, Justin B. Echouffo Tcheugui, Josef Coresh, A. Richey Sharrett, Elizabeth Selvin
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2021)

<h3>Importance</h3> The term<i>prediabetes</i>is used to identify individuals at increased risk for diabetes. However, the natural history of prediabetes in older age is not well characterized. <h3>Objectives</h3> To compare different prediabetes definitions and characterize the risks of prediabetes and diabetes among older adults in a community-based setting. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> In this prospective cohort analysis of 3412 older adults without diabetes from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (baseline, 2011-2013), participants were contacted semiannually through December 31, 2017, and attended a follow-up visit between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2017 (median [range] follow-up, 5.0 [0.1-6.5] years). <h3>Exposures</h3> Prediabetes defined by a glycated hemoglobin (HbA<sub>1c</sub>) level of 5.7% to 6.4%, impaired fasting glucose (IFG) level (FG level of 100-125 mg/dL), either, or both. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Incident total diabetes (physician diagnosis, glucose-lowering medication use, HbA<sub>1c</sub>level ≥6.5%, or FG level ≥126 mg/dL). <h3>Results</h3> A total of 3412 participants without diabetes (mean [SD] age, 75.6 [5.2] years; 2040 [60%] female; and 572 [17%] Black) attended visit 5 (2011-2013, baseline). Of the 3412 participants at baseline, a total of 2497 participants attended the follow-up visit or died. During the 6.5-year follow-up period, there were 156 incident total diabetes cases (118 diagnosed) and 434 deaths. A total of 1490 participants (44%) had HbA<sub>1c</sub>levels of 5.7% to 6.4%, 1996 (59%) had IFG, 2482 (73%) met the HbA<sub>1c</sub>or IFG criteria, and 1004 (29%) met both the HbA<sub>1c</sub>and IFG criteria. Among participants with HbA<sub>1c</sub>levels of 5.7% to 6.4% at baseline, 97 (9%) progressed to diabetes, 148 (13%) regressed to normoglycemia (HbA<sub>1c</sub>, &lt;5.7%), and 207 (19%) died. Of those with IFG at baseline, 112 (8%) progressed to diabetes, 647 (44%) regressed to normoglycemia (FG, &lt;100 mg/dL), and 236 (16%) died. Of those with baseline HbA<sub>1c</sub>levels less than 5.7%, 239 (17%) progressed to HbA<sub>1c</sub>levels of 5.7% to 6.4% and 41 (3%) developed diabetes. Of those with baseline FG levels less than 100 mg/dL, 80 (8%) progressed to IFG (FG, 100-125 mg/dL) and 26 (3%) developed diabetes. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this community-based cohort study of older adults, the prevalence of prediabetes was high; however, during the study period, regression to normoglycemia or death was more frequent than progression to diabetes. These findings suggest that prediabetes may not be a robust diagnostic entity in older age.
Lipid Profiles in Eczema Herpeticum and Eczema Vaccinatum Reflect Changes that Predispose to Disseminated Viral Infection
Authors: Evgeny Berdyshev, Elena Goleva, Irina Bronova, Patricia Taylor, Anna Sofia Bronoff, Jon Hanifin, Mark Slifka, Donald Leung
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2021)