tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
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Authors: Anna Linda Zignego, Laura Gragnani, Loreta A. Kondili
Journal: Hepatology (2022)

We thank Gavrisheva et al. for appreciating our study and for sharing their personal experience in the field. The high rate of complete response, which increases during the follow‐up, as well as several different observations, agree with the present and previous data.[1–3] An accurate comparison between our and Gavrisheva et al.'s results is difficult because of the different sizes and compositions of the populations followed up after viral eradication. Gavrisheva et al.'s results refer to a mixed cohort, comprising 20 asymptomatic cryoglobulinemic patients before direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs) and only nine with vasculitis. Despite an apparent discrepancy between the percentages of clinical deterioration, when we consider only the patients we followed (the cryoglobulinemic vasculitis [CV] patients), the observation of vasculitis relapse in one out nine patients with CV leads to a similar relapse percentage (11%) to the one reported in our study (13%). This is confirmed by a very recent paper by Fayed et al. that describes a 12.6% relapse rate in 911 patients with CV successfully treated with DAAs and followed up for a median time of 35 months.[4] Furthermore, even in our study, most of the clinical relapses were transient (about 70%). The fluctuations in the intensity of CV symptoms were observed in patients who did not experience a frank clinical relapse. This represents one of the peculiarities of our prospective multicenter study that used semiquantitative evaluations of symptoms in the posteradication period. As clearly shown in the figures, our analysis describes a follow‐up even longer than 36 months for a number of patients with CV similar to the one reported by Gavrisheva et al. In fact, the median follow‐up time of 15 months, with a range of 13–27 months, has been reported as interquartile values (25%–75%) with the respective numbers of patients at risk in all the figures and tables, reaching the follow‐up time longer than 36 months (up to 50 months). Thus, our study describes 423 patients with CV, and the follow‐up is not shorter than the one reported for the CV cases included by the Gavrisheva et al. analysis. Regarding asymptomatic patients, we agree with the interest in better elucidating their behavior after viral eradication. The description of this population in further studies would add important information because these patients represent 40%–60% of HCV+ cases. In addition, the percentage of cryoglobulin persistence after viral eradication is not negligible, as reported by Gavrisheva et al. as well as by other authors.[3] Furthermore, in the present and previous analyses, we showed that cryoglobulins and/or high rheumatoid factor (RF) values may represent factors with a negative prognostic value and that their persistence may reflect the maintenance of the abnormal clonal expansion of RF B cells, which is considered the pathophysiologic basis of cryoglobulinemia.[1,3,5] CONFLICT OF INTEREST Dr. Kondili consults and is on the speakers' bureau for AbbVie. She is on the speakers' bureau for Gilead Sciences.
NASH: Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: David Mcgivern, Takahiro Masaki, Lifang Ping, Yan Yang, Paul Ingravallo, Sara Williford, Anita Howe, Stanley Lemon, Luca Valenti, Stefano Romeo, Benedetta Motta, Benedetta Menico, Raffaela Rametta, Giula Buonaiuto, Anna Alisi, Anna Ludovica Fracanzani, Enrico Mozzi, Benedetta Donati, Maria Burza, Paola Dongiovanni, Valerio Nobili, Silvia Fargion, Puneet Puri, Mohammad Siddiqui, Carol Sargeant, Sherry Boyett, Larry White, Kalyani Daita, Faridoddin Mirshahi, Melanie White, Tommy Pacana, Vaishali Patel, Andrew Joyce, Masoumeh Sikaroodi, Iliana Bouneva, Richard Ster- Ling, R Todd Stravitz, Velimir Luketic, Robert Mohney, Jas- Mohan Bajaj, Patrick Gillevet, Arun Sanyal
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Aim Inhibitors of NS5A are proving to have potent antiviral effects in clinical trials involving patients with chronic hepatitis C, but their mechanism of action remains obscure.To study the mechanism of action of NS5A inhibitors, we compared the kinetics of antiviral suppression with other classes of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) using the genotype 1a cell culture-infectious virus H77S.3.Methods Detailed kinetic analyses of antiviral suppression were performed following treatment with representative protease inhibitors, polymerase inhibitors or NS5A inhibitors.Viral RNA replication was measured by monitoring Gaussia luciferase (GLuc) activity in culture medium from Huh7 cells infected with H77S.3 expressing GLuc and also by quantitative RT-PCR.Infectious virus production from Huh7 cells infected with H77S.3 (both intracellular and extracellular infectivity) was measured by focus forming unit assay.Results Kinetics of antiviral suppression by NS5A inhibitors, measured by GLuc or qRT-PCR, were strikingly different to other classes of antiviral.Despite their high potency, NS5A inhibitors were slow to inhibit viral RNA replication compared to protease or polymerase inhibitors.At 1d after addition of inhibitor, little reduction of RNA replication was observed in GLuc assays (typically less than 50%), even at micromolar concentrations.In contrast inhibition of virus production by NS5A inhibitors was potent and rapid.Following treatment of HCV-infected cell cultures with NS5A inhibitors, maximum inhibition of virus production was observed as early as 12 hours whereas maximum inhibition of RNA replication was not achieved until 3 days.Accumulation of intracellular infectious virus was also rapidly inhibited by NS5A inhibitor treatment, indicating that the early effect on virus production occurs at a stage in the virus life cycle prior to egress but after viral RNA replication -most likely on assembly.Conclusions Our analyses of the kinetics of antiviral suppression of the gt 1a strain H77S.3 by NS5A inhibitors provide direct evidence for a two-pronged mechanism of action.First, NS5A inhibitors cause an extremely rapid drop in virus production by inhibiting virus assembly and release of infectious virus.This rapid effect is followed by a slower reduction in RNA replication.
Mesoaccumbal Dopamine Heterogeneity: What Do Dopamine Firing and Release Have to Do with It?
Authors: Johannes W. de Jong, Kurt M. Fraser, Stephan Lammel
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (2022)

Ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine (DA) neurons are often thought to uniformly encode reward prediction errors. Conversely, DA release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), the prominent projection target of these neurons, has been implicated in reinforcement learning, motivation, aversion, and incentive salience. This contrast between heterogeneous functions of DA release versus a homogeneous role for DA neuron activity raises numerous questions regarding how VTA DA activity translates into NAc DA release. Further complicating this issue is increasing evidence that distinct VTA DA projections into defined NAc subregions mediate diverse behavioral functions. Here, we evaluate evidence for heterogeneity within the mesoaccumbal DA system and argue that frameworks of DA function must incorporate the precise topographic organization of VTA DA neurons to clarify their contribution to health and disease.
Lectures on the Practice of Medicine
Authors: C. Murchison
Journal: BMJ (1872)

Prognosis. 8. Treatment. GENTLEMEN,-Before proceeding to the consideration of individual diseases, it is well that you should have correct ideas of what is now meant by pyrexia or fever, inflammation, and dropsy-terms which are of common use in the description of many diseases.* Ague is an exception.The researches of Traube, Ringer, and others, seem to leave no doubt that there is an increase of chloride of sodium as well as of urea during both the cold and the hot stages of ague. (See Mfed.-Chiir.
THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF FOURTH OF JULY TETANUS.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MODERN BREAD
Journal: JAMA (1942)

For some two years medical and nutritional scientists have discussed the nutritional significance of bread, lawyers have argued about regulations pertaining to flour and bread, advertising copy writers have written about the new enriched bread. Consumers apparently have continued to pay scant attention to the important changes that have been made recently in this basic food. The average American consumes each day about 6 1/4 ounces of white flour in various forms; to a large extent flour is used as white bread and other bakery products. This amount of flour will provide about one fourth of the average daily caloric requirements. The amount of white pan bakers' bread consumed daily is sufficient to provide each man, woman and child in the country with 70 Gm. of bread each day, or approximately two and one-third slices weighing 30 Gm. each. Nearly all this bread is consumed without special regard to its
Development of Cancer Among Patients With Pediatric-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Rahma Elmahdi, Camilla E. Lemser, Sandra B. Thomsen, Kristine H. Allin, Manasi Agrawal, Tine Jess
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

<h3>Importance</h3> Because the incidence of pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing, knowledge of the long-term risk of cancer in this patient population is required. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate the relative rate of cancer among patients with pediatric-onset IBD. <h3>Data Sources</h3> A comprehensive systematic search was performed of MEDLINE and Embase from the date of database inception to October 31, 2021. <h3>Study Selection</h3> All unselected, population-based cohort studies of pediatric-onset IBD assessing the risk of cancer were included. Tertiary center referrals and insurance database studies were excluded. All articles were assessed by 2 independent reviewers. <h3>Data Extraction and Synthesis</h3> The study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses reporting guideline for data extraction and used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for assessment of the risk of bias and the quality of included articles. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> A random-effects model meta-analysis was conducted of included studies using the inverse-variance method to assess the relative rate of cancer overall and by IBD subtype (Crohn disease or ulcerative colitis), sex, and thiopurine exposure among patients with pediatric-onset IBD. Pooled relative rates (pRRs) along with 95% CIs were calculated for combined studies. <h3>Results</h3> Of 4628 articles screened, 5 population-based studies from North America and Europe were eligible for inclusion. These studies comprised 19 812 individuals with pediatric-onset IBD followed up for 283 540 person-years in which 715 cases of cancer were identified. Meta-analysis of pRR estimates showed a 2.4-fold increased rate of cancer among patients with pediatric-onset IBD (pRR, 2.46; 95% CI, 2.06-2.93), seen among patients with Crohn disease (pRR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.67-2.46) and those with ulcerative colitis (pRR, 2.61; 95% CI, 2.00-3.40). This increased rate is primarily due to an increased rate of liver (pRR, 55.45; 95% CI, 19.59-156.99), colorectal (pRR, 20.29; 95% CI, 15.90-25.90), and small bowel (pRR, 16.20; 95% CI, 3.52-74.66) cancers. The incidence rate of cancer among patients with pediatric-onset IBD was reported by 4 studies and ranged from 1.0 to 3.3 cases per 1000 person-years. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> This meta-analysis of unselected, population-based studies showed a greater than 2-fold increased rate of cancer among patients with pediatric-onset IBD compared with the general pediatric populations, primarily owing to an increased rate of gastrointestinal cancers.
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2019)

The Global Leprosy Strategy aims to avert leprosy disability.de Paula and colleagues performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify clinical factors associated with physical disability in patients with leprosy.Results confirmed the association between physical disabilities and male sex, multibacillary leprosy, leprosy reactions, and lepromatous presentation.These findings can guide interventions for early identification of individuals at high risk of developing physical disabilities.Ramam provides an Editorial.
Amer J Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology, St. Louis
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An Unusual Cause of ST-Segment Elevation in Lead aVR
Authors: Leyu Wang, Shiying Lin, Guanhua Su
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
The National Encyclopedia.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
HyperChIP: identification of hypervariable signals across ChIP-seq or ATAC-seq samples
Authors: Haojie Chen, Shiqi Tu, Chongze Yuan, Feng Tian, Yijing Zhang, Yihua Sun, Zhen Shao
Journal: Genome biology (2022)

Abstract Identifying genomic regions with hypervariable ChIP-seq or ATAC-seq signals across given samples is essential for large-scale epigenetic studies. In particular, the hypervariable regions across tumors from different patients indicate their heterogeneity and can contribute to revealing potential cancer subtypes and the associated epigenetic markers. We present HyperChIP as the first complete statistical tool for the task. HyperChIP uses scaled variances that account for the mean-variance dependence to rank genomic regions, and it increases the statistical power by diminishing the influence of true hypervariable regions on model fitting. A pan-cancer case study illustrates the practical utility of HyperChIP.
Prophylactic melatonin for delirium in intensive care (Pro-MEDIC): a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bradley Wibrow, F. Eduardo Martinez, Erina Myers, Andrew Chapman, Edward Litton, Kwok. M. Ho, Adrian Regli, David Hawkins, Andrew Ford, Frank M. P. van Haren, Simon Wyer, Joe McCaffrey, Alan Rashid, Erin Kelty, Kevin Murray, Matthew Anstey
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2022)
Medical Mysteries
Authors: Ayan Panja
Journal: BMJ (2004)

BBC 1, Wednesdays at 10 35 pm from 14 to 28 July Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> E ach of these three documentaries, which focus on rare medical conditions, is rather like a whodunit, where the mystery unfolds, is subsequently investigated, and, in a sense, solved. The first episode covered the much debated madness of King George III. Professors Tim Cox of Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, and Martin Warren of Queen Mary's, London, set out to find the truth about the king's condition, which is widely thought to have been caused by acute intermittent porphyria. The story began with the recent unearthing of samples of the king's hair in a London museum vault. The hair was analysed and found to have 300 times the amount of arsenic when compared with controls. Painstaking searches through the history books revealed a number of odd findings: that many creams and oral therapies contained arsenic in the 18th century; that a distant relative of the king, who also had symptoms of porphyria, was once therapeutically injected with … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Covid-19: Incomplete lists of vulnerable patients left many unprotected, desperate, and afraid
Authors: Ingrid Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2022)

Covid-19: Incomplete lists of vulnerable patients left many unprotected, desperate, and afraid Ingrid TorjesenUp-to-date registers of clinically vulnerable patients must be created to ensure that those who are most at risk during covid-19 and any future pandemics are protected and can access the support they need, a report from the All-Party Parliamentary Group (APPG) on Vulnerable Groups to Pandemics has recommended.
Leads from the MMWR. Rubella and congenital rubella syndrome--United States, 1983-1984
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Intrauterine Transfusion—Headed For Change?
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal