tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Aggressive Lipid-Lowering Therapy and Regression of Coronary Atheroma
Authors: Pim van der Harst, Wiek H van Gilst, Felix Zijlstra
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Artificial Intelligence in Cancer Research and Precision Medicine
Authors: Bhavneet Bhinder, Coryandar Gilvary, Neel S. Madhukar, Olivier Elemento
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2021)

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly reshaping cancer research and personalized clinical care. Availability of high-dimensionality datasets coupled with advances in high-performance computing, as well as innovative deep learning architectures, has led to an explosion of AI use in various aspects of oncology research. These applications range from detection and classification of cancer, to molecular characterization of tumors and their microenvironment, to drug discovery and repurposing, to predicting treatment outcomes for patients. As these advances start penetrating the clinic, we foresee a shifting paradigm in cancer care becoming strongly driven by AI. SIGNIFICANCE: AI has the potential to dramatically affect nearly all aspects of oncology-from enhancing diagnosis to personalizing treatment and discovering novel anticancer drugs. Here, we review the recent enormous progress in the application of AI to oncology, highlight limitations and pitfalls, and chart a path for adoption of AI in the cancer clinic.
Uptake and retention of hexakis (2-methoxyisobutyl isonitrile) technetium(I) in cultured chick myocardial cells. Mitochondrial and plasma membrane potential dependence.
Authors: DPiwnica-Worms, J FKronauge, M LChiu
Journal: Circulation (1990)

The fundamental myocellular uptake and retention mechanisms of hexakis (2-methoxyisobutyl isonitrile) technetium(I) (Tc-MIBI), a technetium-99m-based myocardial perfusion imaging agent, are unresolved. Because of the lipophilic cationic nature of Tc-MIBI, it may be distributed across biological membranes in response to transmembrane potential. To test this hypothesis, net uptake and retention of Tc-MIBI in cultured chick embryo ventricular myocytes were determined under conditions known to alter mitochondrial and plasma membrane potentials. Isovolumic depolarization of plasma membrane potentials in 130 mM extracellular K (Ko) 20 mM extracellular Cl buffer reduced net accumulation of Tc-MIBI from 171 +/- 16 (control) to 29 +/- 3.3 fmol intracellular Tc-MIBI/mg protein.nM extracellular Tc-MIBI. Unidirectional influx of Tc-MIBI in cells depolarized in 30 mM Ko buffer was also reduced; a resting plasma membrane potential of -87 +/- 6 mV was calculated from the Goldman flux equation using normal Ko/high Ko Tc-...
Transmural gradients in ventricular tissue metabolites produced by stopping coronary blood flow in the dog.
Authors: R BDunn, D MGriggs
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

To determine whether transmural metabolite gradients develop in the contracting, ischemic left ventricle due to factors other than a nonuniform distribution of myocardial blood flow, right and left coronary artery inflow was completely stopped with vessel occluders in open-chest dogs for 15 or 30 seconds before a transmural myocardial tissue sample was obtained for regional analysis of creatine phosphate, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and lactate. Heart rate was controlled, and the decline in left ventricular systolic pressure during the period in which coronary blood flow was stopped was attenuated by aortic constriction. Studies were also performed in dogs that were (1) pretreated with propranolol, (2) subjected to ventricular fibrillation, and (3) volume loaded. Control studies revealed no transmural metabolite gradients in the normally perfused ventricle, but creatine phosphate was slightly lower in the inner region than it was in the outer and middle ventricular wall regions. With coronary blood flow...
STROBE Reporting Guidelines for Observational Studies
Authors: Amir A. Ghaferi, Todd A. Schwartz, Timothy M. Pawlik
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Abstract 9976: High Sodium Intake is Associated With Heart Failure Hospitalization in Patients With Older Age, Low Body Weight, and Female: Subanalysis of the Esprit, Evaluation of Sodium Intake for the Prediction of Cardiovascular Events in Japanese High-risk Patients, Cohort Study
Authors: Tsuneaki Sadanaga, Shinichi Hirota, Hideo Mitamura
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: We have recently reported that high sodium excretion ≥ 4.0 g/day, assessed by repeated measurements of spot urine, is associated with composite cardiovascular (CV) events of heart fai...
Potential role of QT interval prolongation in sudden infant death syndrome.
Authors: B JMaron, C EClark, R EGoldstein, S EEpstein
Journal: Circulation (1976)

To investigate the possibility that a genetically transmitted cardiac abnormality is involved in the genesis of the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), 42 sets of parents who had at least one infant with SIDS were studied by electrocardiography. Prolongation of the QT interval was present in at least one member of 11 (26%) sets of parents. In families in which QT interval prolongation was found in a parent, prolonged QT interval was also present in 39% of the siblings of infants with SIDS, suggesting an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. In addition, an infant with near-miss SIDS showed marked prolongation of the QT interval. Thus, our data suggest that prolonged QT interval may play a role in a considerable proportion of sudden and unexpected infant deaths. However, definitive confirmation of the relation between QT interval prolongation and SIDS will require large prospective investigations.
Mechanism of global functional recovery despite sustained postischemic regional stunning.
Authors: W ELawrence, W LMaughan, D AKass
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDThe mechanisms whereby reperfusion of a 20-minute coronary occlusion result in global functional recovery despite persistent regional dysfunction were studied in 11 open-chest reflex-blocked dogs.METHODS AND RESULTSPressure-volume and pressure-thickness relations were simultaneously determined before, during, and after reperfusion of left anterior descending artery (LAD) occlusion. Wall thickness was determined by sonomicrometry in both ischemic and remote regions. Chamber systolic function was assessed by end-systolic pressure-volume relations (ESPVR) obtained by conductance catheter and defined by a slope (Ees) and volume shift at a common end-systolic pressure (delta Ves). LAD occlusion produced regional systolic thinning (-7 +/- 6%) and global left ventricular dysfunction (ESPVR shifted rightward (delta Ves = +8.6 +/- 5.1 ml, p less than 0.001) with no Ees change). After nearly 1 hour of reperfusion, LAD region thickening remained markedly reduced at 4 +/- 7% (versus 23 +/- 8%, control), yet...
Structure-dependent dynamic mechanical behavior of fibrous caps from human atherosclerotic plaques.
Authors: R TLee, A JGrodzinsky, E HFrank, R DKamm, F JSchoen
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDAlthough thrombosis associated with a fissured atherosclerotic plaque is believed to be the most common cause of acute coronary syndromes, the underlying factors that trigger plaque rupture are currently unknown. However, the mechanical behavior of the plaque is probably of critical importance.METHODS AND RESULTSTo test the hypothesis that the mechanical properties of a plaque are dependent on its composition and, in particular, that the stiffness of fibrous caps changes within the range of frequencies carried by a physiological pressure wave, the stress-strain relation was studied in 27 fibrous caps and related to the underlying histological structure of the fibrous cap. Fibrous caps were obtained during 14 autopsies from the abdominal aorta and were classified by histological examination as cellular (n = 7), hypocellular (n = 9), or calcified (n = 11). Hypocellular fibrous caps were 1-2 times stiffer than cellular caps (p less than 0.005), and calcified caps were 4-5 times stiffer than cellula...
Clinical translation and challenges of biodegradable magnesium-based interference screws in ACL reconstruction
Authors: Ying Luo, Chao Zhang, Jue Wang, Fangfei Liu, Kelvin Wingho Chau, Ling Qin, Jiali Wang
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)

As one of the most promising fixators developed for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, biodegradable magnesium (Mg)-based interference screws have gained increasing attention attributed to their appropriate modulus and favorable biological properties during degradation after surgical insertion. However, its fast degradation and insufficient mechanical strength have also been recognized as one of the major causes to limit their further application clinically. This review focused on the following four parts. Firstly, the advantages of Mg or its alloys over their counterparts as orthopaedic implants in the fixation of tendon grafts in ACL reconstruction were discussed. Subsequently, the underlying mechanisms behind the contributions of Mg ions to the tendon-bone healing were introduced. Thirdly, the technical challenges of Mg-based interference screws towards clinical trials were discussed, which was followed by the introduction of currently used modification methods for gaining improved corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. Finally, novel strategies including development of Mg/Titanium (Ti) hybrid fixators and Mg-based screws with innovative structure for achieving clinically customized therapies were proposed. Collectively, the advancements in the basic and translational research on the Mg-based interference screws may lay the foundation for exploring a new era in the treatment of the tendon-bone insertion (TBI) and related disorders.
Selective A2-adenosine receptor agonists do not alter action potential duration, twitch shortening, or cAMP accumulation in guinea pig, rat, or rabbit isolated ventricular myocytes.
Authors: JShryock, YSong, DWang, S PBaker, R AOlsson, LBelardinelli
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

In this study, the hypothesis that mammalian ventricular myocytes possess A2-adenosine receptors was tested. Electrophysiological, contractile, and cAMP responses to the selective A2-adenosine receptor agonists 2-[2-(4-methylphenyl)ethoxy]adenosine (WRC-0090) and 2-(2-cyclohexylethoxy)adenosine (WRC-0013) and the nonselective adenosine receptor agonist 5'-(N-ethylcarboxamido)adenosine (NECA) were measured using ventricular myocytes isolated from guinea pig, rabbit, and rat hearts. Pertussis toxin pretreatment and/or the selective A1-adenosine receptor antagonists 1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine (DPCPX) and (+/-)N6-endonorbornan-2-yl-9-methyladenine (N-0861) were used to prevent activation of A1-adenosine receptors in these cells. Action potential duration at 50% repolarization was not altered by WRC-0090, NECA, or WRC-0013 with or without 0.1 microM DPCPX or pertussis toxin pretreatment, and WRC-0090 and NECA failed to prolong the action potential duration of myocytes exposed to 0.1 or 1 microM forskol...
From the authors
Authors: I. I. Siempos, G. Dimopoulos, M. E. Falagas
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2007)

Antibiotics for chronic bronchitis: a meta-analysis that speaks only four languagesTo the Editors:We have read with interest the meta-analysis by SIEMPOS et al.[1] evaluating the use of different antibiotics for exacerbations of chronic bronchitis.We are puzzled by the criteria used to select the studies that were included in the analysis.The authors utilised a well-established methodology and quality criteria for the selection of randomised clinical trials, but only studies written in English, French, German or Italian were included in the analysis [1].English is now accepted as the most common language in scientific literature; however, there is an increasing number of peer-reviewed scientific journals written in languages other than English that have published clinical studies with data relevant to the issue of this metaanalysis.In fact, among the top 25 respiratory journals ranked by impact factor there is one published in Spanish with an impact factor of 1.401 [2].
Effects of calcium channel antagonists on carotid sinus baroreflex control of arterial pressure and heart rate in anesthetized dogs.
Authors: D FRigel, R WMillard
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Our study was designed to determine whether the calcium channel antagonists verapamil, diltiazem, and nifedipine and the nitrate vasodilator sodium nitroprusside modulate carotid sinus (CS) baroreflex control of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR). Pentobarbital-anesthetized, vagotomized dogs were surgically prepared for reversible vascular isolation of the CS regions. Open-loop performance of the CS baroreflex was determined under control conditions and after intravenous infusion of each agent for 20 minutes at four rates (nitroprusside: 0.3-10 micrograms/kg/min; verapamil and diltiazem: 1-30 micrograms/kg/min; nifedipine: 0.1-3 micrograms/kg/min). With the CS baroreflex loop closed, each vasodilator decreased MAP from control (nitroprusside: 127 +/- 3 to 69 +/- 5 mm Hg; verapamil: 137 +/- 7 to 86 +/- 5 mm Hg; diltiazem: 137 +/- 9 to 100 +/- 5 mm Hg; nifedipine: 140 +/- 6 to 109 +/- 7 mm Hg). Each compound also caused a dose-dependent downward shift in the open-loop CSP-MAP relations. The hi...
Influence of inflation pressure and balloon size on the development of intimal hyperplasia after balloon angioplasty. A study in the atherosclerotic rabbit.
Authors: I JSarembock, P JLaVeau, S LSigal, ITimms, JSussman, CHaudenschild, M DEzekowitz
Journal: Circulation (1989)

To evaluate the effect of balloon size and inflation pressure on acute and subsequent outcome following balloon angioplasty (BA), 70 New Zealand White rabbits with bilateral femoral atherosclerosis were assigned to four groups: group 1, oversized balloon, low inflation pressure (n = 35 vessels; balloon size, 3.0 mm/inflation pressure, 5 atm); group 2, oversized balloon, high inflation pressure (n = 36; 3.0 mm/10 atm); group 3, appropriate size, low inflation pressure (n = 17; 2.5 mm/5 atm); and group 4, appropriate size balloon, high inflation pressure (n = 19; 2.5 mm/10 atm). Angiograms were obtained before, 10 minutes after, and 28 days after BA and read by two blinded observers using electronic calipers. The in vivo balloon-to-vessel ratio was measured for each group. There were eight non-BA controls. Rabbits were sacrificed either immediately (n = 34) or at 28 days after BA (n = 36), with the femoral vessels pressure perfused for histologic and morphometric analysis. The latter was performed at 28 day...
Comparison of programmed death-ligand 1 protein expression between primary and metastatic lesions in patients with lung cancer
Authors: Myrto K Moutafi, Weiwei Tao, Richard Huang, James Haberberger, Brian Alexander, Shakti Ramkissoon, Jeffrey S Ross, Konstantinos Syrigos, Wei Wei, Lajos Pusztai, David L Rimm, Ioannis A Vathiotis
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2021)

Assessment of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) is the definite diagnostic test to guide treatment for patients with advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer. Intratumoral heterogeneity and discrepancy of PD-L1 expression between primary and metastatic lesions may increase the risk of tumor misclassification. We performed a retrospective study of the Foundation Medicine, Inc clinical database on lung cancer cases that were evaluated for PD-L1 expression by IHC in the context of routine care. All cases were assessed with the Food and Drug Administration-approved 22C3 pharmDx assay and scoring system. 15,028 lung cancer cases, including 8285 primary tumors and 6743 unmatched metastatic lesions were analyzed. Metastatic lesions (mets) were more frequently high positive (tumor proportion score (TPS) ≥50%) for PD-L1 expression than primary lesions (33.8% vs 28.4%; OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.19 to 1.37; p&lt;0.001). Higher levels in mets than primaries were seen in samples from lymph nodes, pleural fluid, soft tissue and adrenal gland but not in those from liver, brain and bone. Metastatic lesions of patients with non-squamous histology were more likely to have TPS ≥50% in comparison with primary (OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.27 to 1.49; p&lt;0.001), but this was not the case for patients with squamous histology (OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.74 to 1.06; p=0.197). PD-L1 expression varies with respect to histologic subtype, sampling site and gender, but is generally higher in metastatic sites. This observation may affect future patient management and trial design.
Glomerular filtration response to elevated ureteral pressure in both the hydropenic and the plasma-expanded rat.
Authors: R CBlantz, K SKonnen, B JTucker
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

The factors affecting glomerular ultrafiltration with elevated ureteral pressure were examined in both plasma-expanded (2.5% body weight) and hydropenic Munich-Wistar rats. Elevated ureteral pressure (20 mm Hg) alternated as the initial condition in both groups. Glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure (PG) and Bowman's space pressure (Pt) were measured directly in surface glomeruli with a servonulling device (deltaP = PG - PT), systemic (piA) and efferent (piE) peritubular capillary oncotic pressures were estimated by microprotein methods, and single-nephron glomerular filtration rates (sngfr) were determined by micropuncture techniques under control ureteral pressure and after increased ureteral pressure in both experimental groups. All data were then applied to equations describing the process of glomerular ultrafiltration to define the profile of effective filtration pressure (EFP = deltaP - pi) and the glomerular permeability coefficient (LpA), where sngfr = LpA-EFP. In plasma-expanded rats, sngfr f...
Early or Late Parenteral Nutrition in Critically Ill Adults
Authors: Bruce R Bistrian
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

To the Editor: Casaer et al. (Aug. 11 issue)1 provide evidence that early supplemental parenteral nutrition appeared to be inferior to withholding parenteral nutrition until day 8 of the intensive care unit (ICU) stay. However, we think that some limitations of the study should be addressed. Half the patients included were extubated at day 2 and discharged from the ICU at day 4, when they were already receiving two thirds of the caloric demand as oral feeding; this casts doubt on the indication for parenteral nutrition and the correct application of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition guidelines.2 A total of 60% of the study patients underwent cardiac surgery, for which artificial nutritional support is rarely indicated. Initiation of an oral diet after successful extubation is the standard of care. Patients with the strongest indication for nutritional support3 (body-mass index [BMI, the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters], <17) were excluded from the study. In addition, by neglecting stepwise increases in parenteral nutrition,4 hyperalimentation during stress metabolism with an energy goal up to 32 kcal per kilogram of body weight per day may have been achieved as early as day 3. Concomitant intensive insulin therapy necessarily masked metabolic consequences such as severe hyperglycemia. In our mind, better selection of patients may have indeed shown the benefits of supplemental parenteral nutrition. Thomas W. Felbinger, M.D., Ph.D.
Publisher Correction: Biological classification of childhood arthritis: roadmap to a molecular nomenclature
Authors: Peter A. Nigrovic, Robert A. Colbert, V. Michael Holers, Seza Ozen, Nicolino Ruperto, Susan D. Thompson, Lucy R. Wedderburn, Rae S. M. Yeung, Alberto Martini
Journal: Nature Reviews Rheumatology (2021)
MicroRNAs in Cancer
Authors: Yong Sun Lee, Anindya Dutta
Journal: Annual Review of Pathology Mechanisms of Disease (2008)

Within the past few years, studies on microRNA (miRNA) and cancer have burst onto the scene. Profiling of the miRNome (global miRNA expression levels) has become prevalent, and abundant miRNome data are currently available for various cancers. The pattern of miRNA expression can be correlated with cancer type, stage, and other clinical variables, so miRNA profiling can be used as a tool for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. miRNA expression analyses also suggest oncogenic (or tumor-suppressive) roles of miRNAs. miRNAs play roles in almost all aspects of cancer biology, such as proliferation, apoptosis, invasion/metastasis, and angiogenesis. Given that many miRNAs are deregulated in cancers but have not yet been further studied, it is expected that more miRNAs will emerge as players in the etiology and progression of cancer. Here we also discuss miRNAs as a tool for cancer therapy.