tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bridging Knowledge Gaps in Anaphylaxis Management Through a Video-Based Educational Tool
Authors: Jumanah Karim, Sofianne Gabrielli, Bahar Torabi, Adam Byrne, Sarah De Schryver, Vanessa Gadoury-Lévesque, Reza Alizadehfar, Christine McCusker, Matthieu Vincent, Judy Morris, Jennifer Gerdts, Xun Zhang, Moshe Ben-Shoshan
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2021)
Decline in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding during Covid-19 pandemic after lockdown in Austria.
Authors: Andreas Schmiderer, Hubert Schwaighofer, Lukas Niederreiter, Christoph Profanter, Hartmut Steinle, Alexander Ziachehabi, Herbert Tilg
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Background and study aims COVID-19 disease has rapidly spread all over the world. The Austrian government has implemented a lockdown to contain further spread of this disease on March 16th. We investigated the effects of lockdown on acute upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in Austria. Patients and methods We contacted 98 Austrian hospitals performing emergency endoscopies. The hospitals were asked to report upper GI endoscopies performed because of recent hematemesis, melena, or both and exhibiting endoscopically visible signs of bleeding. Investigated time points included three weeks before and after lockdown. Results 61% of Austrian hospitals and importantly all major state hospitals responded. 575 upper GI bleedings occurred in the three weeks before and 341 after lockdown (40.7% reduction). When comparing the first and last calendar week of investigation we observed an almost 55% decline in nonvariceal bleeding events (calendar week 9 versus 14: 196 versus 89) whereas rates of variceal hemorrhage did not change (calendar week 9 versus 14: 17 versus 15). Conclusions National lockdown resulted in a dramatic decrease in upper gastrointestinal bleeding events.
Shedding Light on Mutant Clonal Dynamics and Cancer Risk in the Skin
Authors: Marco De Dominici, James DeGregori
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2021)

Abstract Summary: In this issue of Cancer Discovery, Fowler and colleagues conduct a thorough characterization of the dynamics of mutant clones in phenotypically normal human skin. Their results extend previous studies by showing that human skin is composed in large part of clones harboring mutations frequently observed in human cancer, while at the same time they uncover a previously unappreciated biological heterogeneity among nearby clones and across different body sites. See related article by Fowler et al., p. 340.
Topical timolol 0.5% gel-forming solution for erythema in rosacea: A quantitative, split-face, randomized, and rater-masked pilot clinical trial
Authors: Jerry Tsai, Anna L. Chien, Noori Kim, Saleh Rachidi, Brian M. Connolly, Hester Lim, Sabrina Sisto Alessi César, Sewon Kang, Luis A. Garza
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2021)
Adipose‐derived stromal cells for nonhealing wounds: Emerging opportunities and challenges
Authors: Milena Deptuła, Agnieszka Brzezicka, Aneta Skoniecka, Jacek Zieliński, Michał Pikuła
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2021)

Abstract Wound healing complications affect thousands of people each year, thus constituting a profound economic and medical burden. Chronic wounds are a highly complex problem that usually affects elderly patients as well as patients with comorbidities such as diabetes, cancer (surgery, radiotherapy/chemotherapy) or autoimmune diseases. Currently available methods of their treatment are not fully effective, so new solutions are constantly being sought. Cell‐based therapies seem to have great potential for use in stimulating wound healing. In recent years, much effort has been focused on characterizing of adipose‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells (AD‐MSCs) and evaluating their clinical use in regenerative medicine and other medical fields. These cells are easily obtained in large amounts from adipose tissue and show a high proregenerative potential, mainly through paracrine activities. In this review, the process of healing acute and nonhealing (chronic) wounds is detailed, with a special attention paid to the wounds of patients with diabetes and cancer. In addition, the methods and technical aspects of AD‐MSCs isolation, culture and transplantation in chronic wounds are described, and the characteristics, genetic stability and role of AD‐MSCs in wound healing are also summarized. The biological properties of AD‐MSCs isolated from subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue are compared. Additionally, methods to increase their therapeutic potential as well as factors that may affect their biological functions are summarized. Finally, their therapeutic potential in the treatment of diabetic and oncological wounds is also discussed.
Quantifying the Long-term Survival Benefit of Pembrolizumab for Patients With Advanced Gastric Cancer
Authors: Zachary R. McCaw, Ethan B. Ludmir, Lee-Jen Wei
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
The potential of rapalogs to enhance resilience against SARS-CoV-2 infection and reduce the severity of COVID-19
Authors: Evelyne Bischof, Richard C Siow, Alex Zhavoronkov, Matt Kaeberlein
Journal: The Lancet Healthy Longevity (2021)

COVID-19 disproportionately affects older people, with likelihood of severe complications and death mirroring that of other age-associated diseases. Inhibition of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) has been shown to delay or reverse many age-related phenotypes, including declining immune function. Rapamycin (sirolimus) and rapamycin derivatives are US Food and Drug Administration-approved inhibitors of mTORC1 with broad clinical utility and well established dosing and safety profiles. Based on preclinical and clinical evidence, a strong case can be made for immediate large-scale clinical trials to assess whether rapamycin and other mTORC1 inhibitors can prevent COVID-19 infection in these populations and also to determine whether these drugs can improve outcomes in patients with severe COVID-19.
Spatial analysis of gut microbiome reveals a distinct ecological niche associated with the mucus layer
Authors: Kellyanne Duncan, Kelly Carey-Ewend, Shipra Vaishnava
Journal: Gut Microbes (2021)

Mucus-associated bacterial communities are critical for determining disease pathology and promoting colonization resistance. Yet the key ecological properties of mucus resident communities remain poorly defined. Using an approach that combines in situ hybridization, laser microdissection and 16s rRNA sequencing of spatially distinct regions of the mouse gut lumen, we discovered that a dense microbial community resembling a biofilm is embedded in the mucus layer. The mucus-associated biofilm-like community excluded bacteria belonging to phylum Proteobacteria. Additionally, it was significantly more diverse and consisted of bacterial species that were unique to it. By employing germ-free mice deficient in T and B lymphocytes we found that formation of biofilm-like structure was independent of adaptive immunity. Instead the integrity of biofilm-like community depended on Gram-positive commensals such as Clostridia. Additionally, biofilm-like community in the mucus lost fewer Clostridia and showed smaller bloom of Proteobacteria compared to the lumen upon antibiotic treatment. When subjected to time-restricted feeding biofilm-like structure significantly enhanced in size and showed enrichment of Clostridia. Taken together our work discloses that mucus-associated biofilm-like community represents a specialized community that is structurally and compositionally distinct that excludes aerobic bacteria while enriching for anaerobic bacteria such as Clostridia, exhibits enhanced stability to antibiotic treatment and that can be modulated by dietary changes.
Abstract PR007: Genomic characterization of endometrial cancer patient-derived xenografts reveals intratumor heterogeneity
Authors: Olga Kondrashova, Vanessa F. Bonazzi, Deborah Smith, Katia Nones, Asmerom Sengal, Robert Ju, Leisl M. Packer, Lambros T Koufariotis, Stephen H. Kazakoff, Aimee L. Davidson, Priya Ramarao-Milne, Vanessa Lakis, Felicity Newell, Rebecca Rogers, Claire Davies, Naven Chetty, Lewis Perrin, John Pearson, Ann-Marie Patch, Andrea Garrett, Nicola Waddell, Pamela Pollock, James Nicklin
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract Endometrial cancer is a major gynaecological cancer with a high incidence resulting in over 500 Australian women dying every year. Good pre-clinical models are urgently needed to study the biology of this disease, and to develop and test novel treatment strategies. Most current pre-clinical research is conducted in cell lines that often do not resemble the disease on the molecular level and do not recapitulate tumour heterogeneity, which results in untranslatable research findings. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models overcome the issues of representing tumour molecular landscape and heterogeneity, making them a translatable pre-clinical cancer model. Here, we generated and genomically characterised 11 PDX models by performing whole genome or whole exome sequencing of primary patient tumours and matched PDX samples. We performed a detailed genomic characterisation of these models to determine their suitability as pre-clinical models, study tumour heterogeneity and identify biomarkers of response and resistance. PDX models were successfully generated from all four molecular subtypes of EC and uterine carcinosarcomas, and they recapitulated morphology and the molecular landscape of primary tumors without major genomic drift. We also observed a wide range of inter-tumor and intra-tumor heterogeneity, well captured by different PDX lineages, which could lead to different treatment responses. An in vivo response to talazoparib was detected in two p53mut models consistent with stable disease, however both lacked the HR deficiency genomic signature. EC PDX models represent the four molecular subtypes of disease and can capture intra-tumoral heterogeneity of the original primary tumor. PDXs of the p53mut molecular subtype showed sensitivity to PARPi, however, deeper and more durable responses will likely require combination of PARPi with other agents. Citation Format: Olga Kondrashova, Vanessa F. Bonazzi, Deborah Smith, Katia Nones, Asmerom Sengal, Robert Ju, Leisl M. Packer, Lambros T Koufariotis, Stephen H. Kazakoff, Aimee L. Davidson, Priya Ramarao-Milne, Vanessa Lakis, Felicity Newell, Rebecca Rogers, Claire Davies, Naven Chetty, Lewis Perrin, John Pearson, Ann-Marie Patch, Andrea Garrett, Nicola Waddell, Pamela Pollock, James Nicklin. Genomic characterization of endometrial cancer patient-derived xenografts reveals intratumor heterogeneity [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference: Endometrial Cancer: New Biology Driving Research and Treatment; 2020 Nov 9-10. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2021;27(3_Suppl):Abstract nr PR007.
Phase 1 open-label study of panobinostat, lenalidomide, bortezomib + dexamethasone in relapsed and relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Jacob P. Laubach, Sascha A. Tuchman, Jacalyn M. Rosenblatt, Constantine S. Mitsiades, Kathleen Colson, Kelly Masone, Diane Warren, Robert A. Redd, Dena Grayson, Paul G. Richardson
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2021)

Abstract Additional therapeutic options are needed for relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). We present data from a phase 1b, open-label, dose-escalation study (NCT01965353) of 20 patients with RRMM (median age: 63 years [range: 50–77]) and a median of four prior regimens (range: 2–14); 85% had refractory disease (lenalidomide [80%]; bortezomib [75%]; lenalidomide and bortezomib [50%]). Patients received a median of six cycles (range: 1–74) of panobinostat (10 or 15 mg), lenalidomide 15 mg, bortezomib 1 mg/m 2 , and dexamethasone 20 mg (pano-RVd). Median follow-up was ~14 months. Six dose-limiting toxicities were reported (mostly hematological); maximum tolerated dose of panobinostat (primary endpoint) was 10 mg. Most common adverse events (AEs) were diarrhea (60%) and peripheral neuropathy (60%); all grade 1/2. Grade 3/4 AEs occurred in 80% of patients and included decreased neutrophil (45%), platelet (25%) and white blood cell (25%) counts, anemia (25%) and hypophosphatemia (25%). No treatment-related discontinuations or mortality occurred. In evaluable patients ( n = 18), overall response rate was 44%, and clinical benefit rate was 61%. Median duration of response was 9.2 months; progression-free survival was 7.4 months; overall survival was not reached. Pano-RVd proved generally well-tolerated and demonstrated potential to overcome lenalidomide and/or bortezomib resistance.
The light at the end of the tunnel: tunnel bleeding following per-oral endoscopic myotomy
Authors: Vicky Bhagat, Resheed Alkhiari, Michel Kahaleh
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is a relatively safe procedure in expert hands. Complications associated with POEM include pneumoperitoneum, pneumothorax, and subcutaneous pneumothorax. Bleeding during the procedure can occur and is usually treated with the use of coagulation forceps. Delayed bleeding is rare, occurring in only 0.2–0.7 % of patients [1] [2].
Nongenetic Evolution Drives Lung Adenocarcinoma Spatial Heterogeneity and Progression
Authors: Daniele Tavernari, Elena Battistello, Elie Dheilly, Aaron S. Petruzzella, Marco Mina, Jessica Sordet-Dessimoz, Solange Peters, Thorsten Krueger, David Gfeller, Nicolo Riggi, Elisa Oricchio, Igor Letovanec, Giovanni Ciriello
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2021)

Abstract Cancer evolution determines molecular and morphologic intratumor heterogeneity and challenges the design of effective treatments. In lung adenocarcinoma, disease progression and prognosis are associated with the appearance of morphologically diverse tumor regions, termed histologic patterns. However, the link between molecular and histologic features remains elusive. Here, we generated multiomics and spatially resolved molecular profiles of histologic patterns from primary lung adenocarcinoma, which we integrated with molecular data from &amp;gt;2,000 patients. The transition from indolent to aggressive patterns was not driven by genetic alterations but by epigenetic and transcriptional reprogramming reshaping cancer cell identity. A signature quantifying this transition was an independent predictor of patient prognosis in multiple human cohorts. Within individual tumors, highly multiplexed protein spatial profiling revealed coexistence of immune desert, inflamed, and excluded regions, which matched histologic pattern composition. Our results provide a detailed molecular map of lung adenocarcinoma intratumor spatial heterogeneity, tracing nongenetic routes of cancer evolution. Significance: Lung adenocarcinomas are classified based on histologic pattern prevalence. However, individual tumors exhibit multiple patterns with unknown molecular features. We characterized nongenetic mechanisms underlying intratumor patterns and molecular markers predicting patient prognosis. Intratumor patterns determined diverse immune microenvironments, warranting their study in the context of current immunotherapies. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1307
연구논문 : HBeAg 음성 만성 B형간염바이러스 감염의 자연경과; 코호트 연구
Authors: 문창모 ( Chang Mo Moon ), 김도영 ( Do Young Kim ), 송기준 ( Ki Jun Song ), 김자경 ( Ja Kyung Kim ), 이현웅 ( Hyun Woong Lee ), 이중민 ( Jung Min Lee ), 윤기태 ( Ki Tae Yoon ), 백용한 ( Yong Han Paik ), 김동기 ( Dong Ki Kim ), 한광협 ( Kwang Hyub Han ), 전재윤 ( Chae Yoon Chon )
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2006)
Effect of Prescription Drugs on Anaphylaxis Severity and Symptoms
Authors: Sofianne Gabrielli, Ann Clarke, Judy Morris, Jocelyn Gravel, Rodrick Lim, Edmond Chan, Ran Goldman, Andrew O, Jennifer Gerdts, Derek Chu, Julia Upton, Adam Bretholz, Christine McCusker, Xun Zhang, Moshe Ben-Shoshan, Laura May Miles
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2021)
China races to contain covid outbreak
Authors: Alison Shepherd
Journal: BMJ (2021)

After a new outbreak of covid-19 last month, China is constructing a quarantine camp to house around 4000 people.The quarantine centre in Shijiazhuang, a city 300 km south of Beijing, is designed to house close contacts of people with confirmed covid-19.China's state television reported that each of the site's 4156 furnished rooms will contain an en suite bathroom, wifi, and a television.Construction of the camp in the capital of Hebei province began on 13 January, and the first section was ready for use a week later.The speed is reported to have arisen from a determination to contain the outbreak before this month's Lunar New Year celebrations, during which hundreds of millions of people are expected to travel to visit family members.On 1 February health authorities in China reported 33 new locally transmitted cases, one of which was in Hebei, the lowest level in more than three weeks.Since covid-19 emerged the country has reported 89 000 cases, while the official death toll is under 5000.
Modern treatment approach results in low disease activity in 90% of pregnant rheumatoid arthritis patients: the PreCARA study
Authors: Hieronymus TW Smeele, Esther Röder, Hetty M Wintjes, Laura JC Kranenburg-van Koppen, Johanna MW Hazes, Radboud JEM Dolhain
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

Objectives In patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), high disease activity impairs fertility outcomes and increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of a modern treatment approach, including treat-to-target (T2T) and the prescription of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors, in patients with RA with a wish to conceive or who are pregnant. Methods Patients were derived from the Preconception Counseling in Active RA (PreCARA) cohort. Patients with a wish to conceive or who are pregnant were treated according to a modified T2T approach, in which the obvious restrictions of pregnancy were taken into account. Results of the PreCARA study were compared with results of the Pregnancy-induced Amelioration of Rheumatoid Arthritis (PARA) study, a historic reference cohort on RA during pregnancy. Patients in the PARA cohort were treated according to the standards of that time (2002–2010). Differences in disease activity over time between the two cohorts were tested using a linear mixed model. Results 309 patients with RA were included in the PreCARA study, 188 children were born. 47.3% of the patients used a TNF inhibitor at any time during pregnancy. Mean disease activity over time in the PreCARA cohort was lower than in the reference cohort (p&lt;0.001). In the PreCARA cohort, 75.4% of the patients were in low disease activity (LDA) or remission before pregnancy increasing to 90.4% in the third trimester, whereas in the PARA cohort, these percentages were 33.2% and 47.3%, respectively. Conclusions This first study on a modern treatment approach in pregnant patients with RA shows that LDA and remission are an attainable goal during pregnancy, with 90.4% of patients achieving this in the third trimester.
Risk Factors for Mortality from COVID-19 in a New York Inner city Epicenter
Authors: Mariam Majzoub, Rauno Joks
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2021)

Being the epicenter of COVID-19 in USA, New York's inner city areas were the most affected during Spring. Reviewing the clinical profiles of affected individuals allows us to identify risk factors for COVID-19 mortality. We collected data from 109 charts of COVID PCR+ adult patients (Survivors n=54; Non-survivors n=55) admitted to University Hosiptal of Brooklyn (Mar 2020-Jun 2020) for COVID related symptoms. EMR review included demographic profile, comorbidities, vital signs at presentation and medications administered. News2 Score, which quantifies abnormal vital signs, and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) were calculated for each patient. Statistical analysis was performed using T test and Chi-square test The age of survivors was significantly lower (67.1±11.3) than non-survivors (74.4 ±10.5) (P<0.01). 65% (36/55) of deaths were men (P=0.1). Length of stay was longer in survivors (12.78 ±15.1days Vs. 8.2±9.8 days); P= 0.04. News2 Score was significantly higher in non-survivors (9.38 ±2.81 Vs. 6.76 ±3.1 in survivors) (P<0.01). There were no difference in CCI (4.2 ±2.7 in survivors Vs. 4.71±2.0; p=0.28). 40.7% (22/54) of survivors received steroids Vs. 21.8% (12/55); P=0.03. No difference in use of hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin and full dose anticoagulation (p=0.91, p=0.14, p=0.79 respectively). Nonsurvivors had more cancer (8/55 Vs. 2/54; P=0.04). There were no significant difference in presence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, CAD, CHF, asthma and COPD. Elderly patients with early signs of COVID should seek prompt medical care. Patients with higher News2 Score at presentation and those with cancer are more likely to die from COVID-19 infection.
Identification of Abietic Acid as A Key Component Responsible for The Renal Protective Action of Abies Balsamea, A Medicinal Plant of the Eastern James Bay Cree Pharmacopeia
Authors: Shilin Li, Sarah Pasquin, Ammar Saleem, Hoda M. Eid, Armelle Le Campion, Jean-François Gauchat, John Thor Arnason, Pierre S. Haddad
Journal: Metabolism (2021)