tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Radionuclide imaging of experimental myocarditis.
Authors: W CReeves, G LJackson, F WFlickinger, H GKwee, E JSchwiter, JWerner, LWhitesell, M ABiddle, GCopenhaver, B SShaikh, RZelis
Journal: Circulation (1981)

The ability of 67Ga citrate and 99mTc pyrophosphate cardiac imaging to detect myocarditis was assessed in an experimental rabbit model. Twenty-three rabbits were imaged approximately 72 hours after infusion of i.v. norepinephrine. Diffuse cardiac uptake was found in 13 of 15 rabbits scanned with 67Ga. Tissue distribution studies documented significant myocardial uptake of 67Ga in those with positive scans. Precordial imaging and tissue distribution studies revealed no cardiac uptake in the eight rabbits scanned with 99mTc. Histologic examination of all 23 hearts revealed qualitatively similar, typical lesions of myocarditis. This study suggests that cardiac imaging with 67Ga may be useful in the detection of myocarditis.
Glibenclamide enhances but pinacidil reduces attenuation in sympathetic responsiveness after acute coronary artery occlusion.
Authors: MIto, H PPride, D PZipes
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

To investigate the role of ATP-sensitive K+ channels in modulating the efferent autonomic response following acute myocardial ischemia/infarction, we examined the effects of a blocker (glibenclamide) and an opener (pinacidil) of ATP-sensitive K+ channels on the time course and extent of the attenuation in efferent cardiac sympathetic responsiveness in anesthetized dogs. We measured the effective refractory periods (ERPs) at nonischemic sites basal and apical to the area of myocardial ischemia/infarction in the baseline state and during bilateral stimulation of the ansae subclaviae before and after each drug administration and 5, 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes after latex injection of a diagonal branch of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Animals received either vehicle (n = 12), glibenclamide (0.3 mg.kg-1, n = 10), pinacidil (0.15 mg.kg-1 + 0.2 mg.kg-1 infusion, n = 10), or a combination of these two drugs (n = 9) intravenously. In another group of dogs receiving just pinacidil (n = 10), an intr...
Risk Factors Analysis for Long-Term Mortality in Patients Hospitalized for Acute Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Authors: E Frisancho, LL Lovet, E Brunet, P Garcia- Iglesias, B García- Sague, L Melcarne, E Martinez- Bauer
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims The aim of this study was to identify the independent risk factors that predict long-term mortality after hospitalization for LGB.
Clearance of pegylated interferon by Kupffer cells limits NK cell activation and therapy response of patients with HBV infection
Authors: Akira Nishio, Fabian J. Bolte, Kazuyo Takeda, Nana Park, Zu-Xi Yu, Heiyoung Park, Kristin Valdez, Marc G. Ghany, Barbara Rehermann
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2021)

The innate immune response of patients with HBV infection to pegylated interferon therapy is reduced by sequestration of PEG–IFN-α/anti-PEG complexes.
Intramyocardial variability in integrated backscatter: effects of coronary occlusion and reperfusion.
Authors: K BSagar, T LRhyne, D CWarltier, LPelc, L SWann
Journal: Circulation (1987)

The present study was undertaken to characterize regional myocardial alterations of reflected ultrasound during the cardiac cycle in normal, ischemic, and postischemic reperfused myocardium. Time-averaged integrated backscatter (IB) and cardiac cycle-dependent amplitude modulation were measured from subepicardial, midmyocardial, and subendocardial regions of the left ventricular apex and the midportion of the right ventricular free wall under normal conditions (n = 5), after 1 hr of 100% acute left anterior descending (LAD) occlusion (n = 8), and after 15 min LAD occlusion plus 120 min reperfusion (n = 5) in anesthetized, ventilated open-chest dogs. A significant increase in time-averaged IB was observed in the subepicardium, the midmyocardium, and the subendocardium during ischemia and reperfusion, but there was no intramyocardial variability. Cardiac cycle-dependent amplitude modulation of IB was significantly higher in the normal subendocardium than in the subepicardium (4.3 +/- 0.6 vs 2.9 +/- 0.8 dB, ...
The abnormal exercise electrocardiogram in apparently healthy men: a predictor of angina pectoris as an initial coronary event during long-term follow-up.
Authors: P LMcHenry, JO'Donnell, S NMorris, J JJordan
Journal: Circulation (1984)

A group of 916 apparently healthy men between the ages of 27 and 55 years (mean 37) were followed up with serial medical and exercise test evaluations for a period of 8 to 15 years (mean 12.7) to determine (1) the prevalence and specific types of new coronary events observed in subjects with and without abnormal ST segment responses to exercise and (2) the predictive value of a serial conversion to an abnormal ST segment response to exercise for new coronary events. During the initial evaluation there were 23 subjects (2.5%) with an abnormal ST segment response to exercise. During follow-up there were nine (39%) coronary events in this group: eight cases of angina and one of sudden death. With serial testing, an additional 38 subjects (5.1%) experienced conversion to an abnormal ST segment response to exercise. During follow-up there were 12 (32%) coronary events in this group: 10 cases of angina, one of myocardial infarction, and one other. There were 833 subjects with normal ST segment responses to exer...
Colon tumors and colonoscopy
Authors: T. de Wijkerslooth, E. Dekker
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer in Europe. To reduce its incidence and related mortality, prevention of CRC by population screening is advised in most countries. Colonoscopy is the most accurate technique for the detection of cancer as well as its precursor lesions, adenomas, in the entire colon. However, colonoscopy is not infallible. Back-to-back colonoscopy studies have demonstrated considerable adenoma miss rates, and in retrospective series colonoscopy did not fully protect for right-sided CRC. Quality assurance of colonoscopy and advanced endoscopic imaging for the detection of colorectal polyps were important topics at this year’s Digestive Disease Week (DDW 2010, 1 – 5 May, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA), and key presented studies are discussed below.
Learning From Excess Pandemic Deaths
Authors: Alan M. Garber
Journal: JAMA (2021)

A comprehensive ability to anticipate and plan for future events distinguishes Homo sapiens from lower animals.But humans are flawed planners.Focusing on the near term has undoubtedly served humans well throughout evolutionary history, yet often leads to unintended consequences.Individuals eat the extra slice of pie with pleasure, but regret the indulgence when they stand on the scale.As small indiscretions accumulate over the years, they threaten health and well-being.Individual present-centeredness is mirrored in the larger society, which struggles with preparations for future needs and long-delayed risks.The maintenance of public infrastructure is a societal responsibility that is often deferred until it can no longer be ignored, as when a bridge collapses.Many are loath to bear the immediate costs of limiting carbon release into the atmosphere despite the growing awareness that eventually the failure to act will lead to environmental catastrophe.There are few rewards to legislators and government leaders who ask constituents to make sacrifices now to avert a future problem that seems as abstract and distant as it is potentially devastating.Preparations for infectious disease outbreaks, like public health measures more generally, are stymied by the disincentives to commit time, effort, and money to plans for distant and uncertain risks.Public health experts have long warned that the US is not adequately prepared for massive influenza pandemics, even though such outbreaks have occurred regularly in the past. 1 National and international agencies had flawed responses to the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic, including slow vaccine rollouts. 2The confused and disorganized response to COVID-19 in much of the US and other nations around the world is especially disappointing because the pandemic emerged about 100 years after the great influenza pandemic of 1918, just when another massive influenza outbreak was expected.Less than 2 years before COVID-19 became known, Bill Gates had presciently warned that the next pandemic might not be caused by an influenza virus but rather by "an unknown pathogen that we see for the first time during an outbreak, as was the case with SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) [and] MERS (Middle East respiratory syndrome)" 3 -both caused by coronaviruses similar to SARS-CoV-2.The missteps in responding to an outbreak that not only could be, but largely was, predicted should not give governments confidence that they are prepared for threats that are more speculative and possibly further in the future.Failure to anticipate the scale of the potential damage from such future catastrophes will only exacerbate the tendency to downplay their importance, making it less likely that governments will
A Phase I Study of the Anti-CD79b THIOMABTM-Drug Conjugate DCDS0780A in Patients (pts) with Relapsed or Refractory B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (B-NHL)
Authors: Alex F. Herrera, Manish R Patel, John M. Burke, Ranjana H. Advani, Bruce D. Cheson, Jeffrey P. Sharman, Elicia Penuel, Andrew G. Polson, Ning Leng, Chunze Li, Eva Schuth, Anjali Vaze, Divya Samineni, Rebecca Elstrom, Catherine S Diefenbach
Journal: Blood (2017)
The influence of molecular form of local anesthetic-type antiarrhythmic agents on reduction of the maximum upstroke velocity of canine cardiac Purkinje fibers.
Authors: G AGintant, B FHoffman, R ENaylor
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

We studied the local anesthetic effects of the quaternary lidocaine analogues QX-314, QX-572, and QX-222, the tertiary amine lidocaine, its analogues tocainide, 6603, 6211, and the neutral local anesthetic benzocaine to determine if molecular charge of antiarrhythmic agents influences their local anesthetic effects on heart fibers. We used standard microelectrode techniques and canine cardiac Purkinje fibers to compare the effects of stimulation rate, drug concentration, and K+-induced changes in resting membrane potential on the reduction of fast inward sodium current using the maximum rate of rise of the action potential upstroke, Vmax, as an index of changes in peak sodium current. Use-dependent block, defined as a modulation of the reduction in Vmax by local anesthetics due to changes in the stimulation rate, was observed with the permanently charged analogues and was most prominent for agents existing predominantly in the charged form, but was absent for the neutral local anesthetic benzocaine. The d...
Adenosine causes bradycardia in pacing-induced cardiac failure.
Authors: F LBelloni, JWang, T HHintze
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDIn normal, conscious dogs, systemic injection of adenosine causes arterial hypotension and a baroreceptor reflex tachycardia mediated in part by withdrawal of vagal tone from the sinoatrial node. After vagal section or muscarinic receptor blockade, however, adenosine injection causes bradycardia via a direct sinoatrial node inhibition. Because cardiac failure is marked by a loss of vagal tone, we hypothesized that adenosine injection in dogs with failing hearts would reduce heart rate.METHODS AND RESULTSMongrel dogs were instrumented with indwelling catheters, manometers, and ventricular pacing electrodes. After the dogs had recovered from the surgery, the ventricles were paced continuously at 210 beats per minute for 3 weeks, followed by pacing at 240 beats per minute for an additional week. This regimen caused mild ventricular and more striking atrial hypertrophy and a gradual onset of physiological and clinical signs of congestive heart failure. Adenosine injections that caused large tachycar...
Quinidine is a competitive antagonist at alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenergic receptors.
Authors: H JMotulsky, A SMaisel, M DSnavely, P AInsel
Journal: Circulation Research (1984)

Although quinidine is known to have antiadrenergic effects in the cardiovascular system, the precise mechanism by which it exerts these effects is not well defined. We asked whether quinidine binds directly to adrenergic receptors. Radioligand-binding assays were used to identify alpha 1-adrenergic receptors [( 3H]prazosin-binding sites) on membranes prepared from rat heart and kidney, alpha 2-adrenergic receptor [( 3H]yohimbine-binding sites) on human platelets and rat kidney membranes, and beta-adrenergic receptors [( 125I]iodocyanopindolol-binding sites) on rat heart and kidney membranes. Although it did not effectively compete for binding to beta-adrenergic receptors, quinidine competed for binding to alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenergic receptors and yielded equilibrium dissociation constants of 0.3-3 microM. Two other antiarrhythmic agents, lidocaine and procainamide, did not compete for binding to alpha-adrenergic receptors. Further experiments demonstrated that the interactions of quinidine with the ca...
Who cares for the care givers? Lack of health insurance among health and insurance personnel
Authors: D. U. Himmelstein
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To analyze the health insurance status of physicians, other health personnel, and insurance industry personnel. <h3>Design.</h3> —The study was based on data collected by the US Bureau of the Census in the March 1991 Current Population Survey for six groups of workers in health care occupations and three classifications of insurance employees. This survey included 6182 civilian health personnel and 1498 insurance workers under the age of 65 years. <h3>Results.</h3> —Of civilian health personnel under the age of 65 years, 9% (90% confidence interval [Cl], 8.2% to 9.8%) are uninsured, equivalent to 834 000 persons, including 15 000 (90% Cl, 5000 to 25 000) physicians. Among insurance workers, 5.1% (90% Cl, 3.9% to 6.2%) are uninsured. While 6% (90% Cl, 4.2% to 7.9%) of those working in physicians' offices are uninsured, 52.2% (90% Cl, 48.2% to 56.3%) receive no employer contribution toward their coverage. More than a fifth of nursing home employees lack insurance coverage, as do nearly a quarter of the 1.868 million health care workers with annual incomes less than $10 000. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Nearly a million health care and insurance workers are themselves uninsured and at high risk for being unable to obtain needed care. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;266:399-401)
Impairment of antipyrine clearance in humans by propranolol.
Authors: D JGreenblatt, KFranke, D HHuffman
Journal: Circulation (1978)

The effect of propranolol on antipyrine clearance in humans was evaluated in six healthy volunteers who received single 1.4 to 1.5 g doses of intravenous antipyrine on two occasions. The first (control) antipyrine trial was without concurrent drug administration; the second trial was done during treatment with therapeutic doses of propranolol (40 mg every 4 to 6 hours). Antipyrine elimination half-life (t1/2), volume of distribution (Vd), and total clearance were determined after each trial. In all subjects isoproterenol sensitivity decreased markedly during propranolol treatment, indicating a high degree of beta blockade produced by the drug. Mean antipyrine t1/2 during the propranolol treatment period was significantly prolonged, and total clearance significantly reduced, over the control values. Twenty-four-hour urinary excretion of 4-hydroxyantipyrine, the major metabolite of antipyrine, likewise was reduced from 23.6% of the dose on the control trial to 14.8% of the dose during propranolol coadminist...
The Symbol of Modern Medicine
Authors: Drew Hause
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Letters17 February 2004The Symbol of Modern MedicineDrew Hause, MDDrew Hause, MDFrom Prairie Village, KS 66208.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-140-4-200402170-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The depiction of snakes upon a staff as a symbol of medicine predates the Asklepian staff considerably and probably originated in Mesopotamia or Egypt. The symbol of the Sumerian god of healing, Ningishzida (circa 3000 BC) was a double-headed snake intertwined. Ptah, the Egyptian patron deity of physicians, was depicted holding a staff crowned by a coiled cobra. He was the father of Imhotep (circa 2600 BC), the Egyptian healing god who was merged with Asklepios during the Hellenic period as Asclepios-Imhoutes (1). Ishtar (circa 3000 BC), the Assyrian and Babylonian goddess of war, love, motherhood, fertility, ...References1. Lyons A, Petrucelli RJ. Medicine: An Illustrated History. New York: Abrams; 1987. Google Scholar2. Oates J. Babylon. New York: Thames; 1986. Google Scholar3. Numbers 21:4-9. Google Scholar4. II Kings 18:4. Google Scholar5. Wilcox RA, Whitham EM. The symbol of modern medicine: why one snake is more than two. Ann Intern Med. 2003;138:673-7. [PMID: 12693891] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Drew Hause, MDAffiliations: From Prairie Village, KS 66208. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Symbol of Modern Medicine: Why One Snake Is More Than Two* Robert A. Wilcox and Emma M. Whitham The Symbol of Modern Medicine Meyer D. Lifschitz The Symbol of Modern Medicine Sarkis J. Chobanian The Symbol of Modern Medicine David P. Steensma The Symbol of Modern Medicine Konstantinos Paparounas The Symbol of Modern Medicine Jamie Newman The Symbol of Modern Medicine Robert A. Wilcox and Emma M. Whitham The Symbol of Modern Medicine Michael E. Toedt and Dominique M. Gooby Toedt The Symbol of Modern Medicine Neni Prasad The Symbol of Modern Medicine Adrian G. Letz Metrics Cited byOne Snake or Two? Exploring Medical Symbols Among Medical Students 17 February 2004Volume 140, Issue 4Page: 310KeywordsTouch ePublished: 17 February 2004 Issue Published: 17 February 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Energy metabolism and contractile function after 15 beats of moderate myocardial ischemia.
Authors: A EArai, G APantely, W JThoma, C GAnselone, J DBristow
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

Difficulties in studying myocardial metabolism with adequate time resolution have led to contradictory conclusions regarding the mechanisms causing contractile abnormalities during the early stages of ischemia. In acutely instrumented swine, we investigated whether abnormalities in subendocardial ATP, phosphocreatine, or lactate content develop rapidly enough during the first few heart beats after onset of partial myocardial ischemia to contribute to contractile failure. Within the first 15 beats of a 40-50% reduction in left anterior descending coronary artery blood flow, regional myocardial function was significantly reduced but continuing to deteriorate. Rapidly frozen transmural left ventricular biopsies obtained on the 15th heart beat (+/- 1.5 beats) after the onset of ischemia revealed significant decrements in subendocardial phosphocreatine and ATP levels to 77% (p less than 0.05) and 84% (p less than 0.005) of control values, respectively, but minimal change in lactate content. Metabolic effects a...
Treatment of Pediatric Adrenocortical Carcinoma With Surgery, Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection, and Chemotherapy: The Children's Oncology Group ARAR0332 Protocol
Authors: Carlos Rodriguez-Galindo, Mark D. Krailo, Emilia M. Pinto, Farzana Pashankar, Christopher B. Weldon, Li Huang, Eliana M. Caran, John Hicks, M. Beth McCarville, David Malkin, Jonathan D. Wasserman, Antonio G. de Oliveira Filho, Michael P. LaQuaglia, Deborah A. Ward, Gerard Zambetti, Maria J. Mastellaro, Alberto S. Pappo, Raul C. Ribeiro
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare aggressive pediatric malignancy with distinct biology. Its treatment follows the principles developed for adults; pediatric-specific studies are scarce.Prospective single-arm risk-stratified interventional study. Study objectives were (1) to describe the outcome of patients with stage I ACC treated with adrenalectomy alone; (2) to describe the outcome of stage II patients (completely resected > 200 cc or > 100 g) treated with adrenalectomy and retroperitoneal lymph node dissection; and (3) to describe the outcome of patients with stage III or IV treated with mitotane and chemotherapy.Between September 2006 and May 2013, 78 patients (77 eligible, 51 females) were enrolled. The 5-year event-free survival estimates for stages I (24 patients), II (15 patients), III (24 patients), and IV (14 patients) were 86.2%, 53.3%, 81%, and 7.1%, respectively. The corresponding 5-year overall survival estimates were 95.2%, 78.8%, 94.7%, and 15.6%, respectively. On univariate analysis, age, stage, presence of virilization, Cushing syndrome, or hypertension, germline TP53 status, and presence of a somatic ATRX mutation were associated with outcome. On multivariable analysis, only stage and age were significantly associated with outcome. The probabilities of mitotane and chemotherapy feasibility events were 10.5% and 31.6%, respectively.Outcome for children with stage I ACC is excellent with surgery. Outcome for patients with stage II disease is inferior despite retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. Patients with stage III ACC have an excellent outcome combining surgery and chemotherapy. Patients with stage IV ACC are older and have a poor outcome; new treatments should be explored for this high-risk group. The combination of mitotane and chemotherapy as prescribed in ARAR0332 resulted in significant toxicity; one third of patients with advanced disease could not complete the scheduled treatment.
Crackdown on illegal vaccine sales in China leads to 37 arrests
Authors: Jane Perry
Journal: BMJ (2016)

A massive illegal vaccine trading ring, operating in Shandong
province, China,since 2011, has been shut down by the Chinese
authorities, resulting in 37 people being detained. The official
Chinese news agency, Xinhua, said that 25 different types of
vaccines were procured from over 100 licensed and unlicensed
pharmaceutical sales people.1
Carcinogenicity of gentian violet, leucogentian violet, malachite green, leucomalachite green, and CI Direct Blue 218
Authors: Frank Le Curieux, Julia M Gohlke, Anjoeka Pronk, Wendy C Andersen, Guosheng Chen, Jia-Long Fang, Kamila Mitrowska, Pascal JJ Sanders, Meng Sun, Gisela A Umbuzeiro, Takashi Umemura, Lamia Benbrahim-Tallaa, Fatiha El Ghissassi, Yann Grosse, William Gwinn, Daniel Middleton, Eero Suonio, Felicia Chung, Adalberto Miranda-Filho, Heidi Mattock, Kathryn Z Guyton, Mary K Schubauer-Berigan
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2021)
Linking Preoperative and Intraoperative Data for Risk Prediction
Authors: Seshadri C. Mudumbai, Parisa Rashidi
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

Bing Xue, MS; Dingwen Li, MS; Chenyang Lu, PhD; Christopher R. King, MD, PhD; Troy Wildes, MD; Michael S. Avidan, MBBCh; Thomas Kannampallil, PhD; Joanna Abraham, PhD