tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound of ovaries combats infertility
Authors: J. Henahan
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Ultrasound is being used with increasing success to determine time of ovulation and to enhance the chances of pregnancy for infertile women who undergo hormone therapy, artificial insemination, or, more recently, in vitro fertilization, according to a large number of presentations made at the XI World Congress of Fertility and Sterility in Dublin. The technique involves applying an ultrasonic transducer to the abdominal area overlying the ovaries to assess maturation of the ovarian follicles (as seen on the viewing screen) and to judge when fertilization seems most likely to occur. However, considerable debate erupted over the safety aspects of a new modification of the technique in which ultrasound is used to guide removal of the oocyte from the ovary before in vitro fertilization. Still, there was little doubt that employing ultrasound to monitor follicular development is quite useful and can better indicate when ovulation occurs than traditional hormone measurements. Participants
The smoker's paradox: Angiographic findings and outcome of patients with acute coronary syndromes with respect to smoking status Christopher Heeschen, Eric Boersma, John P. Cooke, Christian W. Hamm, Maarten L. Simoons. Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, Kerckhoff Heart Center, Bad Nauheim, Germany
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Cigarette smoke augments CSF3 expression in neutrophils to compromise alveolar–capillary barrier function during influenza infection
Authors: Joshua J.C. McGrath, Gilles Vanderstocken, Anna Dvorkin-Gheva, Steven P. Cass, Sam Afkhami, Matthew F. Fantauzzi, Danya Thayaparan, Amir Reihani, Peiyao Wang, Ashley Beaulieu, Pamela Shen, Mathieu Morissette, Rodrigo Jiménez-Saiz, Spencer D. Revill, Arata Tabuchi, Diana Zabini, Warren L. Lee, Carl D. Richards, Matthew S. Miller, Kjetil Ask, Wolfgang M. Kuebler, Jeremy A. Simpson, Martin R. Stämpfli
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2022)

Cigarette smokers are at increased risk of acquiring influenza, developing severe disease and requiring hospitalisation/intensive care unit admission following infection. However, immune mechanisms underlying this predisposition are incompletely understood, and therapeutic strategies for influenza are limited.We used a mouse model of concurrent cigarette smoke exposure and H1N1 influenza infection, colony-stimulating factor (CSF)3 supplementation/receptor (CSF3R) blockade and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) to investigate this relationship.Cigarette smoke exposure exacerbated features of viral pneumonia such as oedema, hypoxaemia and pulmonary neutrophilia. Smoke-exposed infected mice demonstrated an increase in viral (v)RNA, but not replication-competent viral particles, relative to infection-only controls. Interstitial rather than airspace neutrophilia positively predicted morbidity in smoke-exposed infected mice. Screening of pulmonary cytokines using a novel dysregulation score identified an exacerbated expression of CSF3 and interleukin-6 in the context of smoke exposure and influenza. Recombinant (r)CSF3 supplementation during influenza aggravated morbidity, hypothermia and oedema, while anti-CSF3R treatment of smoke-exposed infected mice improved alveolar-capillary barrier function. scRNAseq delineated a shift in the distribution of Csf3+ cells towards neutrophils in the context of cigarette smoke and influenza. However, although smoke-exposed lungs were enriched for infected, highly activated neutrophils, gene signatures of these cells largely reflected an exacerbated form of typical influenza with select unique regulatory features.This work provides novel insight into the mechanisms by which cigarette smoke exacerbates influenza infection, unveiling potential therapeutic targets (e.g. excess vRNA accumulation, oedematous CSF3R signalling) for use in this context, and potential limitations for clinical rCSF3 therapy during viral infectious disease.
Department of Error
Authors: Kent Buse, Alessandra Nilo, Jules Kim, Mark Heywood, Jeff Acaba
Journal: The Lancet (2020)

targeting international patent laws and monopolies that put the price of treatment out of reach of people living with HIV; taking steps to decriminalise sex work, drug use, and LGBTI people; ending violence against women, girls, and key populations; and challenging stigma and discrimination, which remains one of the most substantial barriers to an effective HIV response.We advocated for cash transfer programmes to lessen vulnerability to HIV risk and demanded innovative financing to increase AIDS budgets.A rights-based combination prevention approach that addresses the structural drivers of inequality of risk and inequity of responses is as crucial to COVID-19 as it remains for HIV.We call for measures that include: a people's vaccine; 3 a moratorium on debt repayments and progressive taxation to enable a mass roll-out of social protection, food, and income support programmes; removal of punitive laws that block access to health and social services; and civil society expertise and meaningful representation in COVID-19 governance and accountability structures 4 as key components of COVID-19 combination prevention.We declare no competing interests.
Abstract P132: Genome-wide Linkage Analysis of Carotid Artery Traits in Exceptionally Long-Lived Families
Authors: Allison L Kuipers, Emma J Barinas-Mitchell, Ryan L Minster, Mary Wojczynski, Lene Cristiansen, Alexander Kulminski, Bharat Thyagarajan, Anne B Newman
Journal: Circulation (2018)

The extent to which genetics plays a role in vascular health in exceptional aging has not been established. We performed genetic heritability and genome-wide linkage analysis of carotid artery ultrasound derived traits in 1931 individuals (3913 relative pairs) from the Long Life Family Study (LLFS). The LLFS is a longitudinal family-based cohort study that recruited long-lived individuals and at least 1 of their long-lived siblings, as well as, all offspring and offspring spouses. Participants had a home visit that included B-mode carotid artery ultrasound to assess inter-adventitial diameter (IAD), common carotid artery far wall (FW) intima-media thickness (IMT), lumen diameter (LD), and carotid plaque prevalence and burden. We conducted residual heritability analyses for each of these traits, adjusted for age, age 2 , sex, and field center (4 sites) using pedigree-based maximum-likelihood methods in SOLAR. Linkage markers were haplotypes generated from genotypes typed on the Human Omni Chip 2.5 v1 (Illumina, CA) and multipoint identity-by-descent estimates were calculated by Loki. Multipoint genome-wide (chr 1-22) linkage analysis was conducted in SOLAR. Chromosomal regions were considered significant if the logarithm of the odds (LOD) score was ≥3.0 (suggestive: LOD ≥2.0). Proband and offspring generations, respectively, were 59% and 55% female and had mean ages of 97.3 and 73.5 years. Carotid traits were significantly heritable, ranging from 0.37 for mean FW IMT to 0.67 for mean IAD. We found significant evidence of linkage on chromosome 3 at 125 cM (max LOD=3.57; Table). We also found 4 peaks suggestive of linkage with other carotid traits (Table). There are many genes of interest underlying these peaks with previous association with vascular disease, and fine-mapping the associations will require further refinement via sequence analysis. This is the first study to show that genetics appear to play a very strong role in determining variation in carotid artery traits in families with exceptionally long-lived members.
Flow cytometry detection of platelet procoagulant activity and shed membrane microparticles in patients with unstable angina treated by percutaneous coronary angioplasty and stent implantation Catherine Vidal, Christian M. Spaulding, Fr�d�ric Schaison, Fran�oise Picard, Josiane Melle, Pascal Richard, Jacques Monsegu, Faycul Belaouchi, Simon Weber, Michaela Fontenay-Roupie. Cochin Hospital, Rene Descartes University, Paris, France
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Lack of intracoronary ST segment elevation resolution predicts absence of infarct zone recovery after primary stenting in acute myocardial infarction Vruyr Balian, Sergio Repetto, Marcella Luvini, Franco Galdangelo, Ettore Petrucci, Mauro Boscarini, Battistina Castiglioni, Sergio Ghiringhelli, Michele Galli, Raffaella Vaninetti. Ospedale Circolo Fondazione Macchi, VARESE, Italy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
GKRP-dependent modulation of feeding behavior by tanycyte-released monocarboxylates
Authors: Magdiel Salgado, Roberto Elizondo-Vega, Pablo S Villar, Macarena Konar, Scarlet Gallegos, Estefanía Tarifeño-Saldivia, Patricia Luz-Crawford, Luis G. Aguayo, Ricardo C. Araneda, Elena Uribe, María Ángeles García-Robles
Journal: Theranostics (2022)

Objectives: Glucokinase Regulatory Protein (GKRP) is the only known endogenous modulator of glucokinase (GK) localization and activity to date, and both proteins are localized in tanycytes, radial glia-like cells involved in metabolic and endocrine functions in the hypothalamus.However, the role of tanycytic GKRP and its impact on the regulation of feeding behavior has not been investigated.Here, we hypothesize that GKRP regulates feeding behavior by modulating tanycyte-neuron metabolic communication in the arcuate nucleus.Methods: We used primary cultures of tanycytes to evaluate the production of lactate and β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB).Similarly, we examined the electrophysiological responses to these metabolites in pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons in hypothalamic slices.To evaluate the role of GKRP in feeding behavior, we generated tanycyte-selective GKRP-overexpressing and GKRP-knock down mice (GKRP t -OE and GKRP t -KD respectively) using adenovirus-mediated transduction.Results: We demonstrated that lactate release induced by glucose uptake is favored in GKRP-KD tanycytes.Conversely, tanycytes overexpressing GKRP showed an increase in βHB efflux induced by low glucose concentration.In line with these findings, the excitability of POMC neurons was enhanced by lactate and decreased in the presence of βHB.In GKRP t -OE rats, we found an increase in post-fasting food avidity, whereas GKRP t -KD caused a significant decrease in feeding and body weight, which is reverted when MCT1 is silenced.Conclusion: Our study highlights the role of tanycytic GKRP in metabolic regulation and positions this regulator of GK as a therapeutic target for boosting satiety in patients with obesity problems.
<scp>TLR8</scp>/<scp>TLR7</scp> dysregulation due to a novel <i>TLR8</i> mutation causes severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia and autoinflammation in identical twins
Authors: Martina Fejtkova, Martina Sukova, Katerina Hlozkova, Karolina Skvarova Kramarzova, Marketa Rackova, David Jakubec, Marina Bakardjieva, Marketa Bloomfield, Adam Klocperk, Zuzana Parackova, Anna Sediva, Jahnavi Aluri, Michaela Novakova, Tomas Kalina, Eva Fronkova, Ondrej Hrusak, Hana Malcova, Petr Sedlacek, Zuzana Liba, Martin Kudr, Jan Stary, Megan A. Cooper, Michael Svaton, Veronika Kanderova
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2022)

Abstract Our study presents a novel germline c.1715G&gt;T (p.G572V) mutation in the gene encoding Toll‐like receptor 8 ( TLR8 ) causing an autoimmune and autoinflammatory disorder in a family with monozygotic male twins, who suffer from severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia worsening with infections, and autoinflammation presenting as fevers, enteritis, arthritis, and CNS vasculitis. The pathogenicity of the mutation was confirmed by in vitro assays on transfected cell lines and primary cells. The p.G572V mutation causes impaired stability of the TLR8 protein, cross‐reactivity to TLR7 ligands and reduced ability of TLR8 to attenuate TLR7 signaling. This imbalance toward TLR7‐dependent signaling leads to increased pro‐inflammatory responses, such as nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) activation and production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNFα. This unique TLR8 mutation with partial TLR8 protein loss and hyperinflammatory phenotype mediated by TLR7 ligands represents a novel inborn error of immunity with childhood‐onset and a good response to TLR7 inhibition.
The multifaceted nature of HIV latency
Authors: Caroline Dufour, Pierre Gantner, Rémi Fromentin, Nicolas Chomont
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2020)

Although antiretroviral therapies (ARTs) potently inhibit HIV replication, they do not eradicate the virus. HIV persists in cellular and anatomical reservoirs that show minimal decay during ART. A large number of studies conducted during the past 20 years have shown that HIV persists in a small pool of cells harboring integrated and replication-competent viral genomes. The majority of these cells do not produce viral particles and constitute what is referred to as the latent reservoir of HIV infection. Therefore, although HIV is not considered as a typical latent virus, it can establish a state of nonproductive infection under rare circumstances, particularly in memory CD4+ T cells, which represent the main barrier to HIV eradication. While it was originally thought that the pool of latently infected cells was largely composed of cells harboring transcriptionally silent genomes, recent evidence indicates that several blocks contribute to the nonproductive state of these cells. Here, we describe the virological and immunological factors that play a role in the establishment and persistence of the pool of latently infected cells and review the current approaches aimed at eliminating the latent HIV reservoir.
Progressive Dysphagia
Authors: Edward H. Eliscu
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Dr. Edward H. Eliscu: This is the first Massachusetts General Hospital admission for this 56-year-old white male alcoholic. The patient was relatively well until three months prior to admission when he first noted difficulty in swallowing. Dysphagia became progressive over the next three months, first occurring with solid food and then with liquids. After eating, he felt that food was stuck in his chest causing nausea, which was relieved by vomiting. Occasionally, specks of blood were noted in vomitus containing undigested food. The patient denied having had any alcohol during the past eight months. He had lost no weight. Physical examination was not contributory. An upper gastrointestinal tract examination was performed (Fig 1 and 2). <h3>Discussion</h3> Dr. Laurence L. Robbins: Dr. Pfister, what is your opinion of this case? Dr. Richard C. Pfister: The roentgenograms reveal two areas of interest: one is a large axial hiatus hernia; the other is
Tetanus
Authors: L. Cole
Journal: BMJ (1942)

The causal organism of tetanus, Clostridium tetani, is a rod-shaped Gram-positive organism.Its most important attributes are that it produces spores which are highly resistant, that these spores germinate in wounds only under anaerobic conditions, and that it produces an exotoxin which is absorbed and has a strychnine-like action on the cells of the central nervous system.It is prevalent in soil and is a common inhabitant of the digestive tract of many domestic animals, particularly horses.Perhaps for this reason the disease is most often found in agricultural dis- tricts, where the spores.a3re spread by manure and horse
Protecting refugees during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: None The Lancet
Journal: The Lancet (2021)

This World Refugee Day, June 20, coincides with 70 years of the 1951 Refugee Convention, a multilateral treaty that shaped the standards that provide the bedrock of international protection for refugees against discrimination and violation of their human rights. The COVID-19 pandemic has weighed heavily on the 26·3 million refugees worldwide today. International guidelines and national programmes to curb transmission have not always considered the needs of refugees living in densely populated shelters without water and sanitation facilities.
South America From a Surgeon's Point of View.
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Obituaries
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PREDICTIVE FACTORS AND CLINICAL CONSEQUENCES OF PERSISTENT LEFT BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK FOLLOWING TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION WITH A BALLOON-EXPANDABLE VALVE
Authors: Marina Urena, Michael Mok, Luis Nombela-Franco, Robert DeLarochelli&egrave;re, Daniel Doyle, Eric Larose, Ignacio Ignacio Amat-Santos, M&eacute;lanie C&ocirc;t&eacute;, Philippe Pibarot, Fran&ccedil;ois Philippon, Eric Dumont, Josep Rod&eacute;s-Cabau
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Doppler echocardiographic diagnosis of inlet and outlet conduit dysfunction in patients with the TCi heartmate vented electric left ventricular assist device Mihai Croitoru, Raymond F. Stainback, Antonieta Hernandez, Oscar H Frazier, Branislav Radovancevic, Timothy Myers, Susan Wilansky. St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital/Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Error in Author Affiliation
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2021)

Marlene B. Schwartz, PhD; Glenn E. Schneider, MPH; Yoon-Young Choi, MS; Xun Li, PhD; Jennifer Harris, PhD; Tatiana Andreyeva, PhD; Maia Hyary, MPA; Nicolette Highsmith Vernick, MPA; Lawrence J. Appel, MD, MPH
Clinical Lectures on the Uterine Neuroses
Authors: G. Hewitt
Journal: BMJ (1886)

LECTURE II.I PROPOSE in the next place to read brief particulars of other cases of severe uterine sickness which have fallen under my notice.CASE nII.-This was a case of severe retroflexion of the uterus,pro- bably of some years' duration.Intense sickness set in after unusual fatigue in walking, and, after two weeks' continuance, the patient was considered to be in danger of dying from exhaustion.The sickness lessened when treatment to reduce the uterus to its proper position was commenced.She had also suffered from severe hysterical attacks.CASE Iv. -A young lady, aged 20, of active temperament, was affected with violent sickness of ten months' duration.Severe sick- ness set in soon after a leap from a height.The uterus was found much congested, and acutely anteflexed.Cire followed in three weeks after replacement of the uterus by the use of the sound and pessary.The weight lost before treatment was five stone.CASE V. -This was a severe case of vomiting (seen with Dr. Wilson Fox) in a young lady, so reduced by vomiting as to be in a very dan- gerous state.The uterus was entirely wanting in tone, falling for- wards and to one side.She had great pain in the groin.The sick- ness disappeared when the uterus was steadied by a pessary.CASE vi.-A lady, aged 25, had been ill for over three years, suffering first from ulcers of the legs, then severe vomiting, flatus, and obstruc- tion to the action of the bowels.She was thought to be "hysterical."The catamenia were rarely present.Her condition was one of ex- treme emaciation amnd feebleness.The uterus was found very soft, anteflexed, and displaced to one side a little.There was improve- ment at first, but the sickness returned in a few days.A pessary was applied.Improvement was very slow, but in a month the sickness left her.The patient's condition was most critical for about ten days, during which, strength was sustained by nutritive enemata.CASE VII.-A lady, aged 35, who had hlad several miscarriages and two children, suffered from very troublesome sickness, also fre- quent escape of puriform fluid from vagina during the last three months.The uterus was anteverted.A cradle-pessary was employed.Relief of sickness followed at once.CASE VIII.-Miss aged 26, had scarlet fever eight years ago, since which she had been liable to "hysterical " ' fits.She had had almost incessant sickness for two years-sickness occasionally before that.The uterus was much "relaxed" and anteflexed.CASE Ix.-Miss aged 29, had a fright when 18.The cata- menia were profuse at first.At the age of 20, she began to have great pain at the periods; also sickness.About the same time, she began to have sickness every morning.The periods were now acutely painful, and accompanied by severe sickness.The uterus was acutely sensitive, large, much anteflexed.The sound was not used.CASE x. -Miss was always delicate.Her catamenia began at