tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
US medical school finances
Authors: P. Jolly
Journal: JAMA (1988)

The 28th annual review of medical school finances is intended to reflect, through financial analysis of revenues and expenditures, the secular trends in medical education in the United States. The 28-year interval may be viewed as two distinct periods, from academic year 1958-1959 to academic year 1978-1979 and from academic year 1979-1980 to academic year 1986-1987, the latest year for which data are available. The first period can be characterized by huge absolute and relative increases in all aspects of medical education. Some sense of growth in the enterprise over the 20-year interval from 1958-1959 to 1978-1979 may be gleaned from an examination of a few of its dimensions shown in Table 1. The number of schools increased, the number of candidates for professional and academic doctorates doubled and tripled, respectively, and the population of postdoctoral students mushroomed. The eight-year period from 1979-1980 to 1986-1987, on the other hand, exhibits
Women and Leadership of Cardiology and Oncology Clinical Trials—Swimming Against the Tide
Authors: Emily E. Moin, Nosheen Reza
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Izza Shahid, MBBS; Muhammad Shahzeb Khan, MD, MSc; Aruba Sohail, MBBS; Safi U. Khan, MD, MS; Stephen J. Greene, MD; Marat Fudim, MD, MHS; Erin D. Michos, MD, MHS
Advances in electrical impedance tomography-based brain imaging
Authors: Xi-Yang Ke, Wei Hou, Qi Huang, Xue Hou, Xue-Ying Bao, Wei-Xuan Kong, Cheng-Xiang Li, Yu-Qi Qiu, Si-Yi Hu, Li-Hua Dong
Journal: Military Medical Research (2022)

Novel advances in the field of brain imaging have enabled the unprecedented clinical application of various imaging modalities to facilitate disease diagnosis and treatment. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a functional imaging technique that measures the transfer impedances between electrodes on the body surface to estimate the spatial distribution of electrical properties of tissues. EIT offers many advantages over other neuroimaging technologies, which has led to its potential clinical use. This qualitative review provides an overview of the basic principles, algorithms, and system composition of EIT. Recent advances in the field of EIT are discussed in the context of epilepsy, stroke, brain injuries and edema, and other brain diseases. Further, we summarize factors limiting the development of brain EIT and highlight prospects for the field. In epilepsy imaging, there have been advances in EIT imaging depth, from cortical to subcortical regions. In stroke research, a bedside EIT stroke monitoring system has been developed for clinical practice, and data support the role of EIT in multi-modal imaging for diagnosing stroke. Additionally, EIT has been applied to monitor the changes in brain water content associated with cerebral edema, enabling the early identification of brain edema and the evaluation of mannitol dehydration. However, anatomically realistic geometry, inhomogeneity, cranium completeness, anisotropy and skull type, etc., must be considered to improve the accuracy of EIT modeling. Thus, the further establishment of EIT as a mature and routine diagnostic technique will necessitate the accumulation of more supporting evidence.
Patience
Authors: Liesbet Henckaerts
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

Ad Libitum1 April 2008PatienceLiesbet Henckaerts, MDLiesbet Henckaerts, MDFrom B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-148-7-200804010-00005 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Cuivis dolori remedium est patientia.The cure for any suffering is patience.—Publilius Syrus, SententiaeInvisible it is surrounding themitching at the edgesof their conscience.Waiting room music.Relatively motionlessthey sit and contemplatethe self, the otherunknown but yet familiar.Minds growing restlesscounting minutesrephrasing symptomsrereading newspapersagain and again.Patient patientswaiting forme?Liesbet Henckaerts, MDB-3000 Leuven, Belgium Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.Current Author Address: Liesbet Henckaerts, MD, Department of Medicine, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 2008Volume 148, Issue 7Page: 500KeywordsHospital medicinePruritus ePublished: 1 April 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 2008 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2008 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Cerebrospinal Fluid in Health and in Disease.
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid has gradually come to take a more and more important position in the diagnosis of disease, and subarachnoid medication has now a definite field of its own. In this book, which has been brought fully up to date in this edition, the facts concerning the origin, function, composition and pathology of the fluid are presented in simple language and attractive form. After a description of the fluid in general terms, the changes to be found in different diseases are given under the titles of the diseases, the list of which is a good index of the importance of the subject. The operative technic for securing samples, and the details of the important methods of examination are both well given and admirably illustrated. The book fills a very definite need and can be heartily recommended both to the student and to the practitioner.
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor–targeted therapy for CD4+ T cell–mediated idiopathic pneumonia syndrome in mice
Authors: Soung-Min Lee, Chae Eun Kim, Ha Young Park, Eun Hye Yoon, Hae Jeong Won, Joo Mi Ahn, Nu Zen Na Nguyen, Minji Kim, Won Hee Jang, Won-Sik Lee, Mi Seon Kang, Myeonggyo Jeong, Hwayoung Yun, Suhyun Park, Sangwook Wu, Dong Hyun Kim, Byungsuk Kwon, Su-Kil Seo
Journal: Blood (2022)
Current Comment
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
LONDON
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Progress Toward Poliomyelitis Eradication—Ethiopia, Somalia, and Sudan, January 2001–October 2002
Journal: JAMA (2003)

those resulting in hospitalization, permanent disability, life-threatening illness, or death) should be reported within 48 hours after recognition.Reports may be submitted to VAERS at http://secure.vaers.org/vaersdataentry.intro,by toll-free fax at 877-721-0366, or by mail to P.O.Box 1100, Rockville, Maryland 20849-1100.Report forms and assistance with
Cardiovascular Implications of Immune Disorders in Women
Authors: Caitlin A. Moran, Lauren F. Collins, Nour Beydoun, Puja K. Mehta, Yetunde Fatade, Ijeoma Isiadinso, Tené T. Lewis, Brittany Weber, Jill Goldstein, Igho Ofotokun, Arshed Quyyumi, May Y. Choi, Kehmia Titanji, Cecile D. Lahiri
Journal: Circulation Research (2022)

Immune responses differ between men and women, with women at higher risk of developing chronic autoimmune diseases and having more robust immune responses to many viruses, including HIV and hepatitis C virus. Although immune dysregulation plays a prominent role in chronic systemic inflammation, a key driver in the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), standard ASCVD risk prediction scores underestimate risk in populations with immune disorders, particularly women. This review focuses on the ASCVD implications of immune dysregulation due to disorders with varying global prevalence by sex: autoimmune disorders (female predominant), HIV (male-female equivalent), and hepatitis C virus (male predominant). Factors contributing to ASCVD in women with immune disorders, including traditional risk factors, dysregulated innate and adaptive immunity, sex hormones, and treatment modalities, are discussed. Finally, the need to develop new ASCVD risk stratification tools that incorporate variables specific to populations with chronic immune disorders, particularly in women, is emphasized.
Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Pertuzumab With Trastuzumab in Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Wei Fang Dai, Jaclyn M. Beca, Chenthila Nagamuthu, Ning Liu, Claire de Oliveira, Craig C. Earle, Maureen Trudeau, Kelvin K. W. Chan
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2022)

<h3>Importance</h3> The initial assessment of pertuzumab use for treatment of metastatic breast cancer by health technology assessment agencies suggested that pertuzumab was not cost-effective. In Ontario, Canada, pertuzumab became funded in November 2013 based on the substantial clinical benefit. To date, there is a paucity of analysis of pertuzumab using real-world data for cost-effectiveness. <h3>Objective</h3> To assess the cost-effectiveness of pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and chemotherapy vs trastuzumab and chemotherapy for patients with metastatic breast cancer. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> A population-based retrospective economic evaluation was conducted in Ontario, Canada. Patients who received first-line treatments for metastatic breast cancer from January 1, 2008, to March 31, 2018, were identified. Patients were followed up from the start of treatment up to 5 years, with maximum follow-up to March 31, 2019. Patients were identified from the Ontario Cancer Registry and linked to the New Drug Funding Program database to identify receipt of first-line treatment (N = 1158). <h3>Interventions</h3> Treatment with pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and chemotherapy after public funding (November 25, 2013) compared with treatment with trastuzumab and chemotherapy before funding. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Cost-effectiveness, from a public payer perspective, was estimated from administrative data with a 5-year time horizon, adjusted for censoring, and discounted (1.5%). Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios for life-years gained and quality-adjusted life year (QALY) with bootstrapped 95% CIs were calculated. Sensitivity analysis with price reduction of pertuzumab alone or in combination with trastuzumab was conducted. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 579 pairs of matched patients receiving pertuzumab and controls were included. The mean (SD) age of the matched study cohort was 58 (12.97) years; 1151 were women (99.4%). Pertuzumab resulted in 0.61 life-years gained and 0.44 QALYs gained at an incremental cost of $192 139 (all costs measured in Canadian dollar values, CAD) with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $316 203 per life-year gained and $436 679 per QALY. The main factors associated with cost included the cost of pertuzumab (60%), outpatient cancer treatment delivery (24%), and trastuzumab (15%). With 100% price reduction of pertuzumab, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was $174 027 per QALY. When the price of pertuzumab and trastuzumab were both reduced by more than 71%, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio decreased below $100 000 per QALY. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> The findings of this population-based study suggest that pertuzumab may increase survival for patients with metastatic breast cancer but would not be considered cost-effective, even after 100% price reduction, under conventional thresholds.
US Medical School Finances
Authors: H. Paul Jolly
Journal: JAMA (1985)

The 25th annual review of medical school finances, prepared by the Division of Operational Studies of the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC), is intended to reflect, through financial analysis of revenues and expenditures, the secular trends in medical education in the United States. Some sense of the growth in the enterprise during the 25-year interval from 1958-1959 to 1983-1984 may be gleaned from an examination of a few of its dimensions shown in Table 1. The number of schools has increased, the number of candidates for professional and academic doctorates have doubled and tripled, respectively, and the population of postdoctoral students has mushroomed. The number of full-time faculty has increased more than fivefold during this period. Expenditures for virtually all of the education, research, and service programs have expanded tenfold to 20-fold or more. All in all, the epoch covered by this time has been one of extraordinary growth.
Book Review The Meningiomas: Arising from the Olfactory Groove and Their Removal by the Aid of Electro-Surgery . By Harvey Cushing, C.B., D.S.M., A.M., M.D. Harvard, LL.D. Cambridge and Glasgow. 53 pages; 28 illustrations. Jackson, Wylie &amp; Co., Publishers, Glasgow, 1927.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1928)
Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Ventilator-Associated PneumoniaV entilator-associated pneumonia, defined as pneumonia (infection of the lung) occurring in a person who is being assisted by mechanical ventilation (a breathing machine), is a serious and life-threatening infection.Because individuals who contract ventilator-associated pneumonia are already critically ill (requiring mechanical ventilation), the death rate from ventilator-associated pneumonia is high.The August 20, 2008, issue of JAMA includes an article reporting that silver-coated endotracheal (breathing) tubes may help prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia.This Patient Page is based on one published in the April 11, 2007, issue of JAMA.
Association News.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reply to Lalonde <i>et al</i>.: Why Would Physiologic Support with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Not Improve Outcomes in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation with Sleep Apnea?
Authors: Gunn Marit Traaen, Harriet Akre, Jan Pål Loennechen, Lars Gullestad
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2022)
Announcement: Spotlight Issue on Mechanisms of Vascular Inflammation
Authors: Francisco Sa, William Sessa
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2009)

A spotlight issue on mechanisms of vascular inflammation is scheduled to appear in May 2010.The functioning of the cardiovascular system involves tightly regulated interactions among the cells of the blood vessel wall and between these cells and the cellular and biochemical components of circulating blood.The root cause of most cardiovascular diseases is an endothelial dysfunction triggered by local injury or an accumulation of harmful molecules.The affected vascular cells release vasoactive factors, such as nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species and prostanoids.These factors, together with changes in the expression of cell-surface adhesion molecules, initiate an inflammatory reaction by attracting circulating leukocytes, which bind to and traverse the vessel wall to invade the subendothelial space.During these leukocytevascular interactions cells engage and disengage through specific adhesion reactions, become polarized, migrate, release soluble factors (inflammatory cytokines and chemokines), and synthesize proteases that remodel the extracellular matrix.The outcome is a radically altered vascular phenotype characterized by the accumulation of tissue macrophages, tissue remodelling, angiogenesis, and both proliferation and apoptosis of endothelial and smooth muscle cells.
Hysterectomy, HMOs, and appropriateness
Authors: R. P. Davidson
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We do not agree that individual case review is the criterion standard for making appropriateness determinations. In fact, no criterion standard exists and there are significant problems with the reliability of implicit peer review.<sup>1</sup>One advantage of the RAND/UCLA approach is that the appropriateness criteria are explicit; disagreements with the criteria can be discussed and results analyzed to determine the sensitivity of conclusions to controversial elements. While we know that some cases might be overturned on peer review because of extenuating clinical circumstances not covered by the guidelines or individual patient preferences, we also know this occurs among patients receiving care for both appropriate and inappropriate indications. Because of space limitations we did not mention in our "Methods" section that all patients whose care was scored as inappropriate were re-reviewed by a physician researcher to ensure that the data on which the ratings are based were accurate.
Manuscripts Approved or JNCI, August 1 to September 1, 1969
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1969)

Manuscripts Approved or JNCI, August 1 to September 1, 1969 Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 43, Issue 4, October 1969, Pages 1003–1004, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/43.4.1003-a Published: 01 October 1969
Systemic chemotherapy for primary breast cancer.
Authors: Adrian Padfield, John Watkins, Thomas Mckeown
Journal: BMJ (1977)

response.The increasingly widespread use of drugs such as diazepam and the tendency to use Cremophor solubilisation to prevent thrombophlebitis and injection pain must increase the chances of clinical responses occurring.The next few years may well see an increasing number of reports of anaphylactoid phenomena to what have long been considered "safe" drugs.
Correction
Journal: BMJ (1948)

provide or procure a pleasant and lifelike colouring and appearance, but even without such additions the results of straightforward methods are often very satisfactory even in these respects.Haemophilia Q.-A healthy woman who comes of haemophilic stock- two brothers were severely afflicted and died of the disease and there is ample earlier family history-has a healthy little daughter.Is it possible to tell whether the child is a carrier ?A.-Haemophilia is due to a recessive gene carried on the X-chromosome.A woman who carries the gene on one of her X-chromosomes is outwardly normal, but will pass on the chromosome with the abnormal gene to half her children on
<i>EZH2</i> and <i>SUZ12</i> Are Tumor Suppressor Genes in T-ALL
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2012)

Abstract Major finding: Loss-of-function mutations of PRC2 complex components occur in 25% of T-ALLs.Mechanism: NOTCH1-driven H3K27me3 loss at target promoters is potentiated by PRC2 inactivation.Impact: EZH2 may act as a tumor suppressor or an oncogene in different cellular contexts.
Association of cardiac autonomic neuropathy assessed by heart rate response during exercise with intradialytic hypotension and mortality in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Naoto Usui, Junichiro Nakata, Akimi Uehata, Shuji Ando, Masakazu Saitoh, Sho Kojima, Akihito Inatsu, Hideki Hisadome, Yusuke Suzuki
Journal: Kidney International (2022)
Pan-Cancer Analysis Pinpoints Targets in PI3K Pathway
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2017)

A new study of all 32 cancer types in The Cancer Genome Atlas identifies genomic alterations that increase the activity of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. The study, which combines mutation data with measures of protein levels and phosphorylation status, suggests that mutations in IDH1, VHL, and STK11 promote activation of the pathway and may point to new drug targets.
mPGES-2 blockade antagonizes β-cell senescence to ameliorate diabetes by acting on NR4A1
Authors: Dandan Zhong, Zhikang Wan, Jie Cai, Lingling Quan, Rumeng Zhang, Tian Teng, Hang Gao, Chenyu Fan, Meng Wang, Dong Guo, Hongxing Zhang, Zhanjun Jia, Ying Sun
Journal: Nature Metabolism (2022)
Tertiary lymphoid structures generate and propagate anti-tumor antibody-producing plasma cells in renal cell cancer
Authors: Maxime Meylan, Florent Petitprez, Etienne Becht, Antoine Bougoüin, Guilhem Pupier, Anne Calvez, Ilenia Giglioli, Virginie Verkarre, Guillaume Lacroix, Johanna Verneau, Chen-Ming Sun, Pierre Laurent-Puig, Yann-Alexandre Vano, Reza Elaïdi, Arnaud Méjean, Rafaël Sanchez-Salas, Eric Barret, Xavier Cathelineau, Stephane Oudard, Claude-Agnès Reynaud, Aurélien de Reyniès, Catherine Sautès-Fridman, Wolf Herman Fridman
Journal: Immunity (2022)
Book Reviews
Authors: JOHN C. RUCKDESCHL
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Book Reviews Get access Treatment Modalities in Lung Cancer R. Arriagada T. Le Chevalier, Basel, Switzerland: S. Karger AG, 1988, 248 pp. $132. JOHN C. RUCKDESCHL JOHN C. RUCKDESCHL Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 8, 19 April 1989, Pages 633–634, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.8.633 Published: 03 January 1990