tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Determinants of persistence of symptoms and impact on physical and mental wellbeing in Long COVID: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Elda Righi, Massimo Mirandola, Fulvia Mazzaferri, Giuditta Dossi, Elisa Razzaboni, Amina Zaffagnini, Federico Ivaldi, Alessandro Visentin, Lorenza Lambertenghi, Cinzia Arena, Claudio Micheletto, Davide Gibellini, Evelina Tacconelli
Journal: Journal of Infection (2022)

Residual symptoms can be detected for several months after COVID-19. To better understand the predictors and impact of symptom persistence we analyzed a prospective cohort of COVID-19 patients.Patients were followed for 9 months after COVID-19 onset. Duration and predictors of persistence of symptoms, physical health and psychological distress were assessed.465 patients (54% males, 51% hospitalized) were included; 37% presented with at least 4 symptoms and 42% complained of symptom lasting more than 28 days. At month 9, 20% of patients were still symptomatic, showing mainly fatigue (11%) and breathlessness (8%). Hospitalization and ICU stay vs. non-hospitalized status increased the median duration of fatigue of 8 weeks. Age > 50 years (OR 2.50), ICU stay (OR 2.35), and presentation with 4 or more symptoms (OR 2.04) were independent predictors of persistence of symptoms at month 9. A total of 18% of patients did not return to optimal pre-COVID physical health, while 19% showed psychological distress at month 9. Hospital admission (OR 2.28) and persistence of symptoms at day 28 (OR 2.21) and month 9 (OR 5.16) were independent predictors of suboptimal physical health, while female gender (OR 5.27) and persistence of symptoms at day 28 (OR 2.42) and month 9 (OR 2.48) were risk factors for psychological distress.Patients with advanced age, ICU stay and multiple symptoms at onset were more likely to suffer from long-term symptoms, which had a negative impact on both physical and mental wellbeing. This study contributes to identify the target populations and Long COVID consequences for planning long-term recovery interventions.
Risk Prediction Models for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: The CRIC Study
Authors: Joshua D. Bundy, Mahboob Rahman, Kunihiro Matsushita, Byron C. Jaeger, Jordana B. Cohen, Jing Chen, Rajat Deo, Mirela A. Dobre, Harold I. Feldman, John Flack, Radhakrishna R. Kallem, James P. Lash, Stephen Seliger, Tariq Shafi, Shoshana J. Weiner, Myles Wolf, Wei Yang, Norrina B. Allen, Nisha Bansal, Jiang He
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2022)

Individuals with CKD may be at high risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). However, there are no ASCVD risk prediction models developed in CKD populations to inform clinical care and prevention.We developed and validated 10-year ASCVD risk prediction models in patients with CKD that included participants without self-reported cardiovascular disease from the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) study. ASCVD was defined as the first occurrence of adjudicated fatal and nonfatal stroke or myocardial infarction. Our models used clinically available variables and novel biomarkers. Model performance was evaluated based on discrimination, calibration, and net reclassification improvement.Of 2604 participants (mean age 55.8 years; 52.0% male) included in the analyses, 252 had incident ASCVD within 10 years of baseline. Compared with the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association pooled cohort equations (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC]=0.730), a model with coefficients estimated within the CRIC sample had higher discrimination (P=0.03), achieving an AUC of 0.736 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.649 to 0.826). The CRIC model developed using clinically available variables had an AUC of 0.760 (95% CI, 0.678 to 0.851). The CRIC biomarker-enriched model had an AUC of 0.771 (95% CI, 0.674 to 0.853), which was significantly higher than the clinical model (P=0.001). Both the clinical and biomarker-enriched models were well-calibrated and improved reclassification of nonevents compared with the pooled cohort equations (6.6%; 95% CI, 3.7% to 9.6% and 10.0%; 95% CI, 6.8% to 13.3%, respectively).The 10-year ASCVD risk prediction models developed in patients with CKD, including novel kidney and cardiac biomarkers, performed better than equations developed for the general population using only traditional risk factors.
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

TSLP Variation and Persistence of Dermatitis 254Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic, relapsing, inflammatory skin disease associated with intense pruritus and eczematous plaques.The pathophysiology of AD may be associated skin barrier dysfunction related to filaggrin defects followed by allergic sensitization.Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is a cytokine that promotes type 2 helper T-cell differentiation, and increased TSLP has been strongly associated with AD and other allergic diseases.In this prospective cohort study, Margolis et al demonstrate that a TSLP variant was associated with a less persistent form of AD, making TSLP overexpression a promising therapeutic target for AD.
Genetic Hypercalciuria
Authors: Orson W. Moe, Olivier Bonny
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2005)

Hypercalciuria is an important, identifiable, and reversible risk factor in stone formation. The foremost and most fundamental step in dissecting the genetics of hypercalciuria is understanding its pathophysiology. Hypercalciuria is a complex trait. This article outlines the various factors that compromise the attempt to dissect the genetics of hypercalciuria, summarizes the clinical and experimental monogenic causes of hypercalciuria, and outlines the initial results from attempts in studying polygenic hypercalciuria. Finally, the problem is set in perspective of the current database, technologic advances and limitations are highlighted, and prospects of further advances in the field are speculated upon.
Corrigendum to “Polydopamine/poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) Co-deposition coatings triggered by CuSO4/H2O2 on implants for improved surface hemocompatibility and antibacterial activity” [ Bioactive materials 6 (2021) 2546–2556]
Authors: Zhongqiang Zhu, Qiang Gao, Ziyue Long, Qiuyi Huo, Yifan Ge, Ntakirutimana Vianney, Nishimwe Anodine Daliko, Yongchun Meng, Jia Qu, Hao Chen, Bailiang Wang
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2022)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.01.025.].
Maternal deaths.
Journal: BMJ (1972)

RestAs man's numbers have grown, so his peace and quiet have diminished.Though wealthier, he finds he has destroyed wildlife, scenic beauty, and solitude.The jet aircraft brought convenience to a privileged few but many people who have to live near airports prefer the older and quieter turboprops.Heavier lorries and more powerful planes can find support in economic statistics but it is less easy to quantify the damage they do to the quality of life.A recent study, however, has done this for some ill-effects of aircraft noise.
Preliminary Assessment of Inhaled Nitric Oxide for Acute Vaso-occlusive Crisis in Pediatric Patients With Sickle Cell Disease—Correction
Authors: Takeshi Tanigawa, Naoko Tachibana, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Isao Muraki, Mitsumasa Umesawa
Journal: JAMA (2004)

among participants were 33 IU/L (never drinkers), 36 IU/L (former drinkers), 56 IU/L (ethanol consumption of Ͻ0.5 g/day per kg), 79 IU/L (ethanol consumption of 0.5 to Ͻ1.0 g/day per kg), and 97 IU/L (ethanol consumption of Ն1.0 g/day per kg) (PϽ.001 for trend).Median ethanol consumption was 0 g/d per kg for never and former drinkers, 0.25 g/d per kg for those consuming less than 0.5 g/d per kg, 0.70 g/d per kg for those consuming 0.5 to less than 1.0 g/d per kg, and 1.14 g/d per kg for those consuming 1.0 g/d per kg or more.The mean ODI level correlated positively with ethanol intake among total participants (P=.003 for trend) (TABLE ).For all participants with an ODI of 5 per hour or greater, the ORs for SDB were 1.45 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-2.04)for those with ethanol intake of 0.5 to less than 1.0 g/d per kg and 1.95 (95% CI, 1.15-3.31)for those with an intake of 1.0 g/d per kg or more.For participants with an ODI of 15 per hour or greater, the ORs for SDB for these same categories were 1.94 (95% CI, 1.06-3.54)and 3.08 (95% CI, 1.30-7.29),respectively.For participants with an ODI of 5 per hour or greater and the greatest ethanol consumption, the association with SDB was stronger in those with lower BMI than in those with higher BMI (OR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.13-4.72vs OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.52-2.44,respectively).There were similar associations between alcohol consumption and mean values of oxygen desaturation (data not presented).When we analyzed alcohol consumption on the night of study, we found similar results, with a somewhat lower association for participants with an ODI of 15 or greater among men with an ethanol intake of 1.0 g/d per kg or more (OR, 2.35; 95% CI,.Comment.We found a significant positive association between usual alcohol consumption and the severity of SDB among middle-aged Japanese men, independent of age, BMI, and smoking.There was an association with SDB even among men with a moderate ethanol intake (0.5 to Ͻ1.0 g/d per kg).We believe that the smaller effect found with alcohol consumption measured on the night of the study may represent usually heavy drinkers modifying or underreporting their alcohol consumption at that particular time.The overall findings are concordant with the results of an experimental study demonstrating an increase in the mean apnea-hypopnea index from 7.1 to 9.7 per hour following ingestion of ethanol prior to sleep at a dose of 0.5 g/kg. 4Alcohol depresses hypoglossal muscle activity and waking ventilatory responses to asphyxia.The association between alcohol intake and SDB among men with higher BMI may have been masked by a strong effect of excess weight on SDB.The stronger association between alcohol intake and SDB among nonoverweight patients with SDB emphasizes the importance of alcohol abstinence in this group.
International Symposium on Biological Monitoring of Exposure to Metals and Inorganic Compounds
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

International Symposium on Biological Monitoring of Exposure to Metals and Inorganic Compounds Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 73, Issue 2, August 1984, Page 554, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/73.2.554 Published: 01 August 1984
Pathological Complete Response to Lenvatinib after Failure of Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Yusuke Johira, Tomokazu Kawaoka, Masanari Kosaka, Yuki Shirane, Ryoichi Miura, Serami Murakami, Shigeki Yano, Kei Amioka, Kensuke Naruto, Yuwa Ando, Yumi Kosaka, Kenichiro Kodama, Shinsuke Uchikawa, Hatsue Fujino, Atsushi Ono, Takashi Nakahara, Eisuke Murakami, Wataru Okamoto, Masami Yamauchi, Michio Imamura, Kazuhiro Sentani, Naohide Oue, Koji Arihiro, Shintaro Kuroda, Tsuyoshi Kobayashi, Hideki Ohdan, Kazuaki Chayama, Hiroshi Aikata
Journal: Liver Cancer (2021)
Radioimmunotherapy
Authors: Vikas Prasad, Richard P. Baum, Juan P. Oliva
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

Fighting the tumor cells comes natural to immune cells of our body; no wonder immunotherapy for cancer has become so successful. However, in some cancers, monoclonal antibodies alone do not lead to durable and/or clinically significant response or improvement in overall survival. Conjugation of monoclonal antibodies with beta- or alpha-emitting radionuclides potentiates their cytotoxic efficacy. This increased efficacy is primarily achieved due to the cross fire effect of radiation thereby overcoming the issues with penetration and concentration of large antibodies specifically in bulky tumors. This chapter enlists the major studies performed as of yet and the primary clinical indication of radioimmunotherapy. Although not routinely performed in many centers, it is foreseeable that the future advances in theranostics with radiolabeled probes will see an upsurge of RIT in combination with checkpoint inhibitors to increase the synergy of immune response against cancer cells.
Pediatrics
Authors: Lewis A. Barness
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Excitement and enthusiasm accompany the discovery of a rapid economical way to diagnose the most common form of inherited mental retardation, the fragile X syndrome. Fragile X, a cytogenetic abnormality in the X chromosome, previously detected by the manipulation of the folate content of the cell culture medium, occurs in one of every 1000 mentally retarded boys and in one of every 2000 girls. The physical signs in boys with the syndrome include moderate to severe mental retardation, macro-orchidism, large ears, and a long plantar crease between the first and second toes. Other features, including a family history of mental retardation, are also common, but none is diagnostic. Verkerk et al<sup>1</sup>identified the gene, making recognition of this disorder easier than using special cultures of cells and scanning the karyotypes. Rousseau et al<sup>2</sup>and Sutherland et al<sup>3</sup>developed methods for direct diagnosis of the syndrome by DNA
Duration and cost-effectiveness of hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance in hepatitis C patients after viral eradication
Authors: Peter P. Mueller, Qiushi Chen, Turgay Ayer, Gizem S. Nemutlu, Ali Hajjar, Emily D. Bethea, Mary Linton B. Peters, Brian P. Lee, Naveed Z. Janjua, Fasiha Kanwal, Jagpreet Chhatwal
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2022)
Memorial Day
Authors: Patrick L. Clary
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An improved repertoire of splicing variants and their potential roles in Arabidopsis photomorphogenic development
Authors: Chun-Kai Huang, Wen-Dar Lin, Shu-Hsing Wu
Journal: Genome biology (2022)

Abstract Background Light switches on the photomorphogenic development of young plant seedlings, allowing young seedlings to acquire photosynthetic capacities and gain survival fitness. Light regulates gene expression at all levels of the central dogma, including alternative splicing (AS) during the photomorphogenic development. However, accurate determination of full-length (FL) splicing variants has been greatly hampered by short-read RNA sequencing technologies. Result In this study, we adopt PacBio isoform sequencing (Iso-seq) to overcome the limitation of the short-read RNA-seq technologies. Normalized cDNA libraries used for Iso-seq allows for comprehensive and effective identification of FL AS variants. Our analyses reveal more than 30,000 splicing variant models from approximately 16,500 gene loci and additionally identify approximately 700 previously unannotated genes. Among the variants, approximately 12,000 represent new gene models. Intron retention (IR) is the most frequently observed form of variants, and many IR-containing AS variants show evidence of engagement in translation. Our study reveals the formation of heterodimers of transcription factors composed of annotated and IR-containing AS variants. Moreover, transgenic plants overexpressing the IR forms of two B-BOX DOMAIN PROTEINs exhibits light-hypersensitive phenotypes, suggesting their regulatory roles in modulating optimal light responses. Conclusions This study provides an accurate and comprehensive portrait of full-length transcript isoforms and experimentally confirms the presence of de novo synthesized AS variants that impose regulatory functions in photomorphogenic development in Arabidopsis.
A Pernicious Cycle Affecting Premalignant Stem Cells
Authors: Nancy A. Speck
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2022)

Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is relatively common in older persons and is a risk factor for malignant blood conditions and cardiovascular disease. A recent study of a zebrafish model provides insight into how CHIP may evolve and implicates a positive feedback cycle.
Distinct metabolic hallmarks of WHO classified adult glioma subtypes
Authors: Benny Björkblom, Carl Wibom, Maria Eriksson, A Tommy Bergenheim, Rickard L Sjöberg, Pär Jonsson, Thomas Brännström, Henrik Antti, Maria Sandström, Beatrice Melin
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2022)

Abstract Background Gliomas are complex tumors with several genetic aberrations and diverse metabolic programs contributing to their aggressive phenotypes and poor prognoses. This study defines key metabolic features that can be used to differentiate between glioma subtypes, with potential for improved diagnostics and subtype targeted therapy. Methods Cross-platform global metabolomic profiling coupled with clinical, genetic, and pathological analysis of glioma tissue from 224 tumors—oligodendroglioma (n = 31), astrocytoma (n = 31) and glioblastoma (n = 162)—were performed. Identified metabolic phenotypes were evaluated in accordance with the WHO classification, IDH-mutation, 1p/19q-codeletion, WHO-grading 2–4, and MGMT promoter methylation. Results Distinct metabolic phenotypes separate all six analyzed glioma subtypes. IDH-mutated subtypes, expressing 2-hydroxyglutaric acid, were clearly distinguished from IDH-wildtype subtypes. Considerable metabolic heterogeneity outside of the mutated IDH pathway were also evident, with key metabolites being high expression of glycerophosphates, inositols, monosaccharides, and sugar alcohols and low levels of sphingosine and lysoglycerophospholipids in IDH-mutants. Among the IDH-mutated subtypes, we observed high levels of amino acids, especially glycine and 2-aminoadipic acid, in grade 4 glioma, and N-acetyl aspartic acid in low-grade astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma. Both IDH-wildtype and mutated oligodendroglioma and glioblastoma were characterized by high levels of acylcarnitines, likely driven by rapid cell growth and hypoxic features. We found elevated levels of 5-HIAA in gliosarcoma and a subtype of oligodendroglioma not yet defined as a specific entity, indicating a previously not described role for the serotonin pathway linked to glioma with bimorphic tissue. Conclusion Key metabolic differences exist across adult glioma subtypes.
Report of the Federal Panel on Formaldehyde.
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1982)

The Federal Panel on Formaldehyde concluded that definitive experiments exist which demonstrate the mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of formaldehyde under laboratory conditions. Formaldehyde induces both gene mutations and chromosomal aberrations in a variety of test systems. Inhalation of formaldehyde causes cancer of the nose in rats. The concentrations of formaldehyde in inhaled air that caused nasal cancer in Fisher 344 rats are within the same order of magnitude as those to which humans may be exposed. The data presently available do not permit a direct assessment of the carcinogenicity of formaldehyde to man. Epidemiologic studies on exposed human populations are in progress and may further clarify the situation. Other experimental and human studies on toxic effects such as teratogenicity and reproductive disorders are as yet inadequate for a health risk assessment. The CIIT 24 month study on animal carcinogenicity has not yet been completely evaluated. Additional data are expected on the effects of prolonged exposure to lower doses of formaldehyde and on the possible carcinogenicity of formaldehyde in the mouse. The panel recommends that, for a comprehensive health risk assessment, further experiments be conducted on the effects of other modes of exposure (ingestion and skin penetration), the effects in humans, and on the pharmacokinetics of formaldehyde in man and animals and the possible role for formaldehyde in reproductive and chronic respiratory disorders. It is the conclusion of the panel that formaldehyde should be presumed to pose a carcinogenic risk to humans.
More on climbing fiber signals and their consequence(s)
Authors: J. I. Simpson, D. R. W. Wylie, C.I. De Zeeuw
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Several themes can be identified in the commentaries. The first is that the climbing fibers may have more than one function; the second is that the climbing fibers provide sensory rather than motor signals. We accept the possibility that climbing fibers may have more than one function – hence 'consequence(s)' in the title. Until we know more about the function of the inhibitory input to the inferior olive from the cerebellar nuclei, which are motor structures, we have to keep open the possibility that the climbing fiber signals can be a combination of sensory and motor signals.
National Notifiable Diseases Reporting— United States, 1994
Journal: JAMA (1995)

CDC has recently published the Summary of Notifiable Diseases, United States, 1993. A notifiable disease is one for which regular, frequent, and timely information on individual cases is considered necessary for the prevention and control of the disease. As of January 1, 1994, a total of 49 infectious diseases were designated as notifiable at the national level (Table 1).
Could a salvage surgery after chemotherapy have clinical impact on cancer survival in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma?
Authors: K. Bekku, T. Saika, Y. Kobayashi, R. Kishimoto, K. Edamura, F. Abarzua, Y. Nasu, H. Kumon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

287 Background: A clinical impact of salvage surgery after chemotherapy in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma on cancer survival is controversial. We verified a clinical role of salvage surgery with analyzing long-term outcome after salvage surgery in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma treated with cisplatin/gemcitabine/paclitaxel-based chemotherapy at a single institution. Methods: From 2003 to 2010, 31 of 47 patients (66%) with metastatic urothelial carcinoma showed objective responses (CR in 4, PR in 27) after multiple courses of the chemotherapy. Twelve of 27 patients with PR underwent salvage surgeries after the chemotherapy (10 male and 2 female, median 61.0 years old). All of the patients underwent metastatectomy of residual lesions (10 of retroperitoneal lymphnodes, 2 of lung). Seven of the patients underwent radical surgeries for primary lesions as well. Progression-free survival and overall survival of the patients were analyzed retrospectively in comparison with those of patients without salvage surgery. Results: All 12 patients could achieve surgical CR. Pathologic findings showed pathological CR in 2 patients. In median follow-up 32.5 months (range: 4.5-65.4), progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with salvage surgery were better than those in 16 PR patients without the surgery (72.9% vs 0%, and 91.7% vs 10.6% at 2 years, p=0.0005 and 0.0003; log-rank test). Conclusions: Although there were several biases in patients backgrounds (e.g., metastatic lesion, number, age), salvage surgery in patients with residual tumor after GCP chemotherapy could have strong impact on cancer survival. Surgical CR should be achieved in an affordable patient who is responder of GCP therapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.