tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
만성 C형 간질환 환자에서 자가항체의 발현 빈도와 임상적 의의
Authors: 송병철(Byung Cheol Song), 양수현(Soo Hyun Yang), 정영화(Young Hwa Chung), 이영상(Yung Sang Lee), 서동진(Dong Jin Suh)
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (1999)

Background/Aims: Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is often associated with extrahepatic autoimmune disease, and autoantibodies such as anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) or anti-smooth muscle antibody (ASA). The presence of autoantibodies may make discrimination between chronic hepatitis C with autoimmune features and type 1 autoimmune hepatitis difficult. We studied the prevalence of autoantibodies in patients with chronic HCV infection and their clinical significance. Materials and Methods: ANA, ASA, anti-mitochondrial antibody (AMA), anti-microsomal antibody (AmA), rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-cardiolipin antibody (aCL) and lupus anti-coagulant (LA) were tested in 116 patients (80 chronic hepatitis C, 36 liver cirrhosis). Genotypes of HCV were determined in 25 patients by INNO LiPA. Results: The overall prevalence of autoantibody was 65.5%. The most common autoantibody was aCL (34.5%), followed by ANA (25%), RF (18%), LA (15.5%), ASA (6.9%), anti-microsomal antibody (6%) and AMA (1%). The positive rate of either ANA or ASA was 30.2%, but both were positive in 1.7% only. There was no difference in the demographic features, biochemistry, HCV genotypes and disease status between autoantibody-positive and autoantibody-negative patients. Conclusions: Autoantibodies were commonly found in patients with chronic HCV infection. But, the presence of autoantibodies may be a non-specific finding in chronic hepatitis C infection without clinical significance. (Korean J Hepatol 1999;5:200－207)
Lymph node stromal cells: subsets and functions in health and disease
Authors: C. Grasso, C. Pierie, R.E. Mebius, L.G.M. van Baarsen
Journal: Trends in Immunology (2021)

Lymph nodes (LNs) aid the interaction between lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells, resulting in adequate and prolonged adaptive immune responses. LN stromal cells (LNSCs) are crucially involved in steering adaptive immune responses at different levels. Most knowledge on LNSCs has been obtained from mouse studies, and few studies indicate similarities with their human counterparts. Recent advances in single-cell technologies have revealed significant LNSC heterogeneity among different subsets with potential selective functions in immunity. This review provides an overview of current knowledge of LNSCs based on human and murine studies describing the role of these cells in health and disease.
Abstract 16050: Feasibility and Engagement With Mhealth Monitoring in Rural-Dwelling Older Adults With Heart Failure: A Pilot Study
Authors: Leanne L Lefler, Sarah J Rhoads, Melodee Harris, Sandra A Lubin, Ashley E Funderburg, Jan L Rooker, Isis D Martel, Jennifer L Faulkner, Claudia J Beverly
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Heart failure (HF) is associated with high rates of (re)hospitalizations, comorbidity, and mortality. Remote patient monitoring using mHealth equipment shows promise in improving self...
Somatic Mutation Analysis in <i>Salix suchowensis</i> Reveals Early-Segregated Cell Lineages
Authors: Yifan Ren, Zhen He, Pingyu Liu, Brian Traw, Shucun Sun, Dacheng Tian, Sihai Yang, Yanxiao Jia, Long Wang
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2021)

Long-lived plants face the challenge of ever-increasing mutational burden across their long lifespan. Early sequestration of meristematic stem cells is supposed to efficiently slow down this process, but direct measurement of somatic mutations that accompanies segregated cell lineages in plants is still rare. Here, we tracked somatic mutations in 33 leaves and 22 adventitious roots from 22 stem-cuttings across eight major branches of a shrub willow (Salix suchowensis). We found that most mutations propagated separately in leaves and roots, providing clear evidence for early segregation of underlying cell lineages. By combining lineage tracking with allele frequency analysis, our results revealed a set of mutations shared by distinct branches, but were exclusively present in leaves and not in roots. These mutations were likely propagated by rapidly dividing somatic cell lineages which survive several iterations of branching, distinct from the slowly dividing axillary stem cell lineages. Leaf is thus contributed by both slowly and rapidly dividing cell lineages, leading to varied fixation chances of propagated mutations. By contrast, each root likely arises from a single founder cell within the adventitious stem cell lineages. Our findings give straightforward evidence that early segregation of meristems slows down mutation accumulation in axillary meristems, implying a plant "germline" paralog to the germline of animals through convergent evolution.
OS12.4.A MHC class II-restricted transgenic T cell receptor therapy targeting mutant capicua transcriptional repressor in experimental gliomas
Authors: M Kilian, M Friedrich, K Sanghvi, E Green, S Pusch, A von Deimling, W Wick, F Sahm, M Platten, L Bunse
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2021)

Abstract BACKGROUND Glioma subtypes are classified according to their characteristic mutations and show a high degree of resistance to standard therapeutic interventions such as radiotherapy and alkylating chemotherapy. Some of these characteristic mutations have shown to generate immunogenic neoepitopes that can be targeted with immunotherapy. 70% of oligodendrogliomas carry capicua transcriptional repressor (CIC) inactivating mutations. RESULTS In a screen for potential immunogenic glioma neoepitopes we identified recurrent CIC hotspot mutations at position 215 (CICR215W/Q) expressed in a subset of oligodendrogliomas as an immunogenic major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-restricted neoepitopes. Peptide-based vaccination of MHC-humanized mice resulted in the generation of robust mutation-specific T cell responses against CICR215W/Q, restricted to MHC class II. Droplet-based single cell T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing from CICR215W-specific T cell lines enabled retrieval of MHC class II-restricted CICR215W-reactive TCRs. By retroviral transduction of T cells, we established a flow cytometry-based testing platform of retrieved TCRs and were able to show the top reactive TCR against CICR215W to be shared between individual mice. Using a newly developed glioma model in MHC-humanized mice induced by CRISPR-based delivery of tumor suppressor targeting guide RNAs, we show that adoptive intraventricular transfer of CICR215W-specific TCR-transgenic T cells exert anti-tumor responses against CICR215W-expressing syngeneic gliomas. CONCLUSION The integration of immunocompetent MHC-humanized orthotopic glioma models in the discovery of shared immunogenic glioma neoepitopes facilitates the identification and preclinical testing of HLA-restricted neoepitope-specific TCRs for locoregional TCR-transgenic T cell adoptive therapy.
Advance care planning in metastatic cancer patients: A quality improvement initiative.
Authors: Steven Oppenheim, Robert A. Figlin, Edward G. Seferian, Kevin S. Scher, Margaret R Reed, Scott Irwin, Bradley T. Rosen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

22 Background: The initiative aimed to increase the rate of advance care planning (ACP) activities for outpatients with metastatic cancer. Methods: The project was sponsored by the institution’s Quality Committee in collaboration with the Cancer Quality Committee, Oncology Division, Tumor Boards, and Medical Group. Metastatic cancer patients were identified by ICD-10 coding and later by oncologist electronic health record (EHR) documentation of metastatic status. ACP activities were defined as either an ACP note, Advance Directive, Physician’s Order for Life Sustaining Therapy, or a palliative medicine (PM) consultation. The EHR was revised to include a section for ACP documentation. Quarterly reports were sent to oncologists with data comparing their rate of ACP activities for patients with metastatic cancer with peers. Oncologists’ identities were initially blinded and later unblinded. Oncologists received a monthly list of their metastatic patients without any ACP activities. Results: The study covered 5201 unique cancer patients cared for by 60 oncologists each year. The rate of ACP activities for metastatic cancer patients increased from 37% in 2017 to 57% at the end of 2020. Data on individual ACP activities are pending analysis. The ACP activities were driven most by PM consultations, which rose from 12% to 39%. Conclusions: This initiative successfully increased ACP activities for patients with metastatic cancer. ACP activities are an essential step to achieve goal concordant care. Given that the main driver of increased ACP activities was PM referrals, further work will be required to strengthen oncologist’s ACP skills and improve access to PM.
Adjuvant atezolizumab after adjuvant chemotherapy in resected stage IB–IIIA non-small-cell lung cancer (IMpower010): a randomised, multicentre, open-label, phase 3 trial
Authors: Enriqueta Felip, Nasser Altorki, Caicun Zhou, Tibor Csőszi, Ihor Vynnychenko, Oleksandr Goloborodko, Alexander Luft, Andrey Akopov, Alex Martinez-Marti, Hirotsugu Kenmotsu, Yuh-Min Chen, Antonio Chella, Shunichi Sugawara, David Voong, Fan Wu, Jing Yi, Yu Deng, Mark McCleland, Elizabeth Bennett, Barbara Gitlitz, Heather Wakelee
Journal: The Lancet (2021)
Is Colorectal Cancer Screening Absolutely Beneficial for Older Adults?
Authors: Ravi Varadhan, Nancy L. Schoenborn
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Intersection of Structural Racism, Social Determinants of Health, and Implicit Bias With Emergency Physician Admission Tendencies
Authors: Leonard E. Egede, Rebekah J. Walker, Joni S. Williams
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

Hazar Khidir, MD; J. Michael McWilliams, MD, PhD; A. James O'Malley, MS, PhD; Lawrence Zaborski, MS; Bruce E. Landon, MD, MBA, MSc; Peter B. Smulowitz, MD, MPH
Biomarkers of dairy fat intake, incident cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality: A cohort study, systematic review, and meta-analysis
Authors: Kathy Trieu, Saiuj Bhat, Zhaoli Dai, Karin Leander, Bruna Gigante, Frank Qian, Andres V. Ardisson Korat, Qi Sun, Xiong-Fei Pan, Federica Laguzzi, Tommy Cederholm, Ulf de Faire, Mai-Lis Hellénius, Jason H. Y. Wu, Ulf Risérus, Matti Marklund
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2021)

We aimed to investigate the association of serum pentadecanoic acid (15:0), a biomarker of dairy fat intake, with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in a Swedish cohort study. We also systematically reviewed studies of the association of dairy fat biomarkers (circulating or adipose tissue levels of 15:0, heptadecanoic acid [17:0], and trans-palmitoleic acid [t16:1n-7]) with CVD outcomes or all-cause mortality.We measured 15:0 in serum cholesterol esters at baseline in 4,150 Swedish adults (51% female, median age 60.5 years). During a median follow-up of 16.6 years, 578 incident CVD events and 676 deaths were identified using Swedish registers. In multivariable-adjusted models, higher 15:0 was associated with lower incident CVD risk in a linear dose-response manner (hazard ratio 0.75 per interquintile range; 95% confidence interval 0.61, 0.93, P = 0.009) and nonlinearly with all-cause mortality (P for nonlinearity = 0.03), with a nadir of mortality risk around median 15:0. In meta-analyses including our Swedish cohort and 17 cohort, case-cohort, or nested case-control studies, higher 15:0 and 17:0 but not t16:1n-7 were inversely associated with total CVD, with the relative risk of highest versus lowest tertile being 0.88 (0.78, 0.99), 0.86 (0.79, 0.93), and 1.01 (0.91, 1.12), respectively. Dairy fat biomarkers were not associated with all-cause mortality in meta-analyses, although there were ≤3 studies for each biomarker. Study limitations include the inability of the biomarkers to distinguish different types of dairy foods and that most studies in the meta-analyses (including our novel cohort study) only assessed biomarkers at baseline, which may increase the risk of misclassification of exposure levels.In a meta-analysis of 18 observational studies including our new cohort study, higher levels of 15:0 and 17:0 were associated with lower CVD risk. Our findings support the need for clinical and experimental studies to elucidate the causality of these relationships and relevant biological mechanisms.
IKKβ mediates homeostatic function in inflammation via competitively phosphorylating AMPK and IκBα
Authors: Juan Liu, Yuxin Zhuang, Jianlin Wu, Qiang Wu, Meixian Liu, Yue Zhao, Zhongqiu Liu, Caiyan Wang, Linlin Lu, Yingjiao Meng, Kawai Lei, Xiaojuan Li, Qibiao Wu, Elaine Lai-Han Leung, Zhengyang Guo, Liang Liu, Ting Li
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2021)

Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta (IKKβ) is one of important kinases in inflammation to phosphorylate inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B (IκBα) and then activate nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB). Inhibition of IKKβ has been a therapeutic strategy for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Here we report that IKKβ is constitutively activated in healthy donors and healthy Ikkβ C46A (cysteine 46 mutated to alanine) knock-in mice although they possess intensive IKKβ-IκBα-NF-κB signaling activation. These indicate that IKKβ activation probably plays homeostatic role instead of causing inflammation. Compared to Ikkβ WT littermates, lipopolysaccharides (LPS) could induce high mortality rate in Ikkβ C46A mice which is correlated to breaking the homeostasis by intensively activating p-IκBα-NF-κB signaling and inhibiting phosphorylation of 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK) expression. We then demonstrated that IKKβ kinase domain (KD) phosphorylates AMPKα1 via interacting with residues Thr183, Ser184, and Thr388, while IKKβ helix-loop-helix motifs is essential to phosphorylate IκBα according to the previous reports. Kinase assay further demonstrated that IKKβ simultaneously catalyzes phosphorylation of AMPK and IκBα to mediate homeostasis. Accordingly, activation of AMPK rather than inhibition of IKKβ could substantially rescue LPS-induced mortality in Ikkβ C46A mice by rebuilding the homeostasis. We conclude that IKKβ activates AMPK to restrict inflammation and IKKβ mediates homeostatic function in inflammation via competitively phosphorylating AMPK and IκBα.
Medication nonadherence and patient cost responsibility for rural and urban cancer survivors.
Authors: Courtney Williams, Amy J. Davidoff, Michael T. Halpern, Michelle Mollica, Kathleen M. Castro, Janet De Moor
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

4 Background: Little is known about the specific out-of-pocket costs which may lead to prescription nonadherence in older cancer survivors, and how patterns may differ for those living in rural areas. This study quantified patient costs overall and by residence for older cancer survivors who did and did not report cost-related prescription nonadherence. Methods: This retrospective cohort study used data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, Medicare claims, and the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems survey linked data resource (SEER-CAHPS) from 2007-2015. Older cancer survivors self-reported cost-related prescription nonadherence in the prior six months. Patient cost responsibility (deductibles, coinsurance, copayments) was summed for all medical care received in the year prior to survey. Differences in patient cost responsibility by cost-related adherence was estimated using gamma generalized linear models adjusted for patient age, race, sex, education, dual Medicaid enrollment status, residence, comorbidity count, cancer type, stage, and phase of care. Models stratified by urban/rural residence as designated by Rural-Urban continuum codes assessed effect modification. Results: Of 11,829 older adult survivors of prostate (37%), breast (32%), colorectal (14%), gynecologic (10%), or lung (6%) cancer, 12% reported any cost-related prescription nonadherence in the prior year. Median age of survivors was 76 (interquartile range [IQR] 71-82), 15% had less than a high school degree, 59% had at least one non-cancer comorbidity, and 16% had ever been dual eligible. Prevalence of cost-related nonadherence was similar by patient characteristics. Median cost responsibility in the year prior to survey was $1,529 (IQR $744-$2,959) for patients reporting nonadherence and $1,123 (IQR $572-$2,362) for those reporting adherence. In adjusted models, patients reporting nonadherence had $656 higher patient cost responsibility in the year prior (95% CI $564-$760) compared to those reporting adherence. Approximately half of the difference in cost was outpatient spending (β = $277, 95% CI $210-$359). Differences in cost responsibility for patients reporting nonadherence compared to adherence were smaller for patients residing in rural areas (18% of respondents; β = $341, 95% CI $177-$564) compared to those residing in urban areas (82% of respondents; β = $715, 95% CI $613-$830). Conclusions: Compared to those reporting adherence, cost-related prescription nonadherence was associated with higher health care cost responsibility in cancer survivors. Furthermore, prescription adherence decisions may be more cost-sensitive for patients living in rural compared to urban areas. Interventions to address out-of-pocket health care costs, particularly for rural cancer survivors, could aid in increased prescription adherence and subsequent health outcomes.
춘계학술대회 발표 : 구연 ; 간암 : 간동맥 항암주입요법으로 완전 관해된 간세포암종 환자에서 재발 간세포암종의 Doubling Time
Authors: 우현영, 최종영, 유찬란, 장정원, 김창욱, 장우임, 남순우, 배시현, 조세현, 윤승규, 한준열, 한남익, 최상욱, 이영석, 이창돈
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2006)
Endothelium Seeing Red: Should We Redefine eNOS as the Endothelial and Erythrocytic NOS?
Authors: Mark T. Gladwin
Journal: Circulation (2021)

itric oxide (NO) is a central regulator of resting blood flow and blood pressure (BP), hemostasis, and vascular inflammation. 1,2In the vasculature, NO is produced by the endothelially expressed NO synthase enzyme (eNOS) through 5-electron oxidation of L-arginine and oxygen (oxidation reaction).NO is also produced by the reduction of intravascular nitrite (NO2 -) through deoxygenated hemoglobin, myoglobin, neuroglobin, and cytoglobin-mediated proton-electron transfer (reductive reaction).Once formed, NO binds to the heme active site of soluble guanylate cyclase, activating the enzyme and catalyzing the conversion of GTP to cGMP, which promotes downstream smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation, inhibition of platelet activation, and modulation of endothelial adhesion molecule expression. 1,2
Plasma Biomarkers of Tau and Neurodegeneration During Major Cardiac and Noncardiac Surgery
Authors: Igor Feinstein, Edward N. Wilson, Michelle S. Swarovski, Katrin I. Andreasson, Martin S. Angst, Michael D. Greicius
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2021)

Plasma Biomarkers of Tau and Neurodegeneration During Major Cardiac and Noncardiac SurgeryMajor surgery is often complicated by postoperative neurocognitive disorder.Affected patients exhibit problems with memory and executive function, similar to deficits seen in Alzheimer disease (AD). 1,2A critical question is whether surgery can exacerbate or unmask latent pathophysiology underlying the development of AD. 2 Plasma biomarkers of neuronal damage including total tau and neurofilament light chain (NfL) suggest that surgery can trigger injury. 3Unlike total tau and NfL levels that increase in different brain disorders, the plasma level of tau protein phosphorylated at threonine residue 181 (pTau181) is relatively specific and predictive of AD. 4 Whether major surgery triggers increases in plasma pTau181 is unknown.
Novel strategy for disease risk prediction incorporating predicted gene expression and DNA methylation data: a multi‐phased study of prostate cancer
Authors: Chong Wu, Jingjing Zhu, Austin King, Xiaoran Tong, Qing Lu, Jong Y. Park, Liang Wang, Guimin Gao, Hong‐Wen Deng, Yaohua Yang, Karen E. Knudsen, Timothy R. Rebbeck, Jirong Long, Wei Zheng, Wei Pan, David V. Conti, Christopher A Haiman, Lang Wu
Journal: Cancer Communications (2021)

DNA methylation and gene expression are known to play important roles in the etiology of human diseases such as prostate cancer (PCa). However, it has not yet been possible to incorporate information of DNA methylation and gene expression into polygenic risk scores (PRSs). Here, we aimed to develop and validate an improved PRS for PCa risk by incorporating genetically predicted gene expression and DNA methylation, and other genomic information using an integrative method.