tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of a pressor infusion of angiotensin II on sympathetic activity and heart rate in normal humans.
Authors: S RGoldsmith, G JHasking
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

We tested the hypothesis that pressor infusions of angiotensin II (AII) could stimulate the sympathetic nervous system as reflected by norepinephrine (NE) spillover in humans. AII was infused at 5 ng/kg/min in six healthy volunteers, with vehicle and phenylephrine infusions as controls, on 3 separate days. Heart rate, mean arterial pressure, plasma NE, NE clearance, and NE spillover were assessed before and after 30-minute infusions of AII, vehicle, or phenylephrine in the supine position and then after 15 minutes of head-up and 15 minutes of head-down tilt. Both AII and phenylephrine raised mean arterial pressure (88 +/- 9.6 to 103 +/- 14 mm Hg, p less than 0.001, and 91 +/- 7.6 to 104 +/- 9.2 mm Hg, p less than 0.001, respectively), whereas heart rate fell only with phenylephrine (60 +/- 6 to 51 +/- 6.3 beats/min, p less than 0.001). Neither plasma NE nor NE spillover was affected by either infusion, and NE clearance declined slightly with both. No changes occurred in any variable during vehicle infusio...
Prenatal diagnosis of fragile X syndrome
Authors: Mark Hirst, Samantha Knight, Kay Davies, Gareth Cross, Kevin Ocraft, Sandy Raeburn, Shauna Heeger, Deborah Eunpu, EdmundC Jenkins, Richard Lindenbaum, CarlS Dobkin, Xiao-Hua Ding, EdmundC Jenkins, MichaelS Krawczun, W Ted Brown, Ponmani Goonewardena, Judy Willner, Cindy Benson, Dominique Heitz, Francois Rousseau
Journal: The Lancet (1991)
Temperature monitoring during radiofrequency catheter ablation procedures using closed loop control. Atakr Multicenter Investigators Group.
Authors: HCalkins, EPrystowsky, MCarlson, L SKlein, J PSaul, PGillette
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDThe purpose of this study was to evaluate electrode temperatures obtained using a radiofrequency ablation system that incorporates closed loop feedback control to achieve preset target electrode temperatures and to determine if closed loop temperature control results in a lower incidence of developing a coagulum.METHODS AND RESULTSTwo hundred seventy patients underwent catheter ablation of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia, an accessory pathway, and/or the atrioventricular junction using an ablation system incorporating closed loop feedback control. Forty-five patients underwent catheter ablation in the power control mode in which power output was fixed, and 225 patients underwent catheter ablation in the temperature control mode. A coagulum occurred during 0.8% of radiofrequency applications in the temperature control mode versus 2.2% in the power control mode (P < .01). Electrode temperatures were within 10 degrees C of the targeted temperature during 35% of applications in the temp...
RESPONSE: Re: Leptin--A Growth Factor in Normal and Malignant Breast Cells and for Normal Mammary Gland Development
Authors: X. Hu, S. C. Juneja, N. J. Maihle, M. P. Cleary
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2003)

Leptin is an endogenous protein important for the control of body weight and body fat.Further, obesity is a risk factor for breast cancer in postmenopausal women.In a recent issue of the journal, Cleary and colleagues (1) reported the presence of OB-Rb, the signaling long form of the leptin receptor, on two breast cell lines including T-47D, the leptin stimulation of anchorage-dependent and -independent growth of T-47D cells, and some related intracellular signaling events.Additionally, these authors cited various other reports on the presence of OB-Rb on human tumor cell types derived from carcinomas and leukemias.Although the observations reported are specific and welldocumented, they may leave the impression that leptin might be a general inducer of tumor cell growth, which would greatly hamper its clinical utility.We studied the expression of transcripts for human leptin, OB-Rb, and OB-Ra (short, non-signaling form of the leptin receptor) in human malignant cell lines of different histologic origin (Table 1).We found wide expression of leptin, OB-Rb, and OB-Ra transcripts by reverse transcription-polymerase
Estimates and Projections of COVID-19 and Parental Death in the US
Authors: Rachel Kidman, Rachel Margolis, Emily Smith-Greenaway, Ashton M. Verdery
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2021)

Estimates and Projections of COVID-19 and Parental Death in the USThe scale of COVID-19 mortality in the United States, including among prime-age adults, merits efforts to continuously track how many children are affected by parental death.Children who lose a parent are at elevated risk of traumatic grief, depression, poor educational outcomes, and unintentional death or suicide, and these consequences can persist into adulthood. 1Sudden parental death, such as that occurring owing to COVID-19, can be particularly traumatizing for children and leave families ill prepared to navigate its consequences.Moreover, COVID-19 losses are occurring at a time of social isolation, institutional strain, and economic hardship, potentially leaving bereaved children without the supports they need.
Arterial imaging with a new forward-viewing intravascular ultrasound catheter, II. Three-dimensional reconstruction and display of data.
Authors: K HNg, J LEvans, M JVonesh, S NMeyers, T AMills, B JKane, W NAldrich, Y TJang, P GYock, M DRold
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND: Current intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) catheters provide transverse imaging at the level of the ultrasound transducer. This limits imaging to large-diameter segments without critical atherosclerotic narrowings. We have developed a prototype 20-MHz forward-viewing IVUS catheter that provides two-dimensional sector imaging distal to the catheter tip. A present limitation of this technique is that the catheter must be manually rotated to obtain multiple longitudinal views required to integrate the segment into a three-dimensional matrix. To overcome this, we have developed an algorithm that reconstructs these multiple two-dimensional forward-viewing IVUS images into a three-dimensional matrix for more complete depiction of the segment distal to the ultrasound catheter. This algorithm allows display and multidimensional slicing of the three-dimensional reconstruction. METHODS AND RESULTS. To test our algorithms, five arterial segments (three canine aortas, two human femoral arteries) were evaluat...
Diagnosis of cardiac tamponade by echocardiography: changes in mitral valve motion and ventricular dimensions, with special reference to paradoxical pulse.
Authors: I AD'Cruz, H CCohen, RPrabhu, GGlick
Journal: Circulation (1975)

The echocardiographic findings in three patients who presented with pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade are described. Cyclic respiratory changes affected the diastolic movement of the anterior mitral leaflet, viz., during inspiration its anterior excursion decreased in amplitude and the E-F slope diminished. This inspiratory alteration in mitral valve motion was accompanied by an increase in right ventricular dimensions and a reciprocal decrease in left ventricular dimensions. Pericardial paracentesis confirmed the presence of effusion and relieved cardiac tamponade in all the patients. Repeat echocardiography, performed in two of the patients immediately after the pericardial tap, showed that the E-F slope had become steeper and that phasic respiratory variations in the diastolic motion of the anterior mitral leaflet were no longer present. The compatibility of our observations with the theories which endeavor to explain the mechanism of the paradoxical pulse in pericardial effusion with cardiac ...
The effects of histamine on contraction frequency, sodium influx, and cyclic AMP in cultured rat heart cells.
Authors: DMcCall, C YLui
Journal: Circulation Research (1986)

Histamine has been shown to have both positive inotropic and chronotropic effects. To evaluate the chronotropic effects, spontaneously contracting monolayers of cultured rat myocardial cells were treated with histamine, 10(-7) M-10(-4) M. This resulted in a dose-dependent increase in contraction frequency reaching a maximum in 10(-5) M histamine. Contraction frequency (mean +/- SEM) increased from a control of 121 +/- 5 contractions per minute to 153 +/- 4.5, 181 +/- 9, 212 +/- 4, and 216 +/- 1 in 10(-7) M, 10(-6) M, 10(-5) M, and 10(-4) M histamine, respectively (for each n = 10, p less than 0.001). The effect was time-dependent, taking 30 minutes to develop fully. Changes in contraction frequency were accompanied by parallel dose- and time-dependent increases in the verapamil-sensitive sodium influx. Verapamil-sensitive sodium influx (pmol/cm2/sec) increased from a control of 10.45 +/- 1.44 (mean +/- SEM) to 24.34 +/- 2.41 and 32.57 +/- 2.35 at 10- and 30-minute treatment with 10(-6) M histamine (n = 5,...
Cardiac hypertrophy in idiopathic dilated congestive cardiomyopathy: a clinicopathologic study.
Authors: I JBenjamin, E HSchuster, B HBulkley
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Although clinical studies indicate that patients with idiopathic dilated congestive cardiomyopathy who develop electrocardiographic or angiographic signs of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy may survive longer, there is little morphologic evidence for such anatomic favorable of unfavorable prognostic groups. We studied 30 autopsied patients who died of dilated cardiomyopathy; of these, 15 died within 1 year of the first symptom of their disease (short-term survivors) and 15 patients died 1-14 years after initial symptoms (long-term survivors). There were no significant differences in sex, race, clinical presentation or cause of death between the groups, but there were significant morphologic differences. In the short-term survivors, average heart weight was 540 g and LV wall thickness was 1.0 cm, whereas in the long-term survivors, the average heart weight was 759 g and LV wall thickness was 1.3 cm (p less than 0.001). LV cavity dilatation as measured by maximal transverse diameter from the postmortem ang...
Transient analysis of the canine cerebrovascular response to carbon dioxide.
Authors: D AWilson, R JTraystman, C ERapela
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

Cerebral venous outflow and carbon dioxide transients were studied during five different transitional states: (1) on and off 10% carbon dioxide breathing, (2) on and off hyperventilation, (3) on 7% carbon dioxide breathing, (4) on 10% carbon dioxide breathing initiated from 7% carbon dioxide breathing, and (5) on 10% carbon dioxide breathing initiated during intracarotid papaverine infusion, in pentobarbital anesthetized, paralyzed, mechanically ventilated dogs. Plots of the temporal relationships between these variables indicated that cerebral blood flow is closely related with cerebral venous carbon dioxide tension but not arterial carbon dioxide tension. The rate at which flow changed upon transition from one steady state to another was phase dependent, in that longer times were required to establish stable conditions in the on phase than in the off phase. The magnitude of the maximum rates of change in cerebral blood flow achieved during transition was influenced both by the size of the forcing functi...
The cardiovascular effects of the continuous infusion of dobutamine in patients with severe cardiac failure.
Authors: C VLeier, JWebel, C ABush
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Twenty-five patients with left ventricular failure and low cardiac output received a 72 hour infusion of dobutamine (10-15 microgram/kg/min) in order to determine the cardiovascular properties of this new inotropic agent. Left ventricular contractile performance improved significantly during the infusion as measured by systolic time intervals and echocardiographic parameters. Mean PEP/LVET decreased from 0.76 +/- 0.03 to 0.58 +/- 0.03 (P less than 0.05). The percent change in internal dimension of the left ventricle from diastole to systole increased from 9.5 +/- 1 to 16.8 +/- 1 (P less than 0.05) and Vcf increased from 0.47 +/- 0.05 to 0.80 +/- 0.06 circ/sec (P less than 0.05). Mean cardiac output (nine patients) rose from 1.97 +/- 0.15 to 3.33 +/- 0.50 L/min/m2 while mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure fell from 28 +/- 3 to 18 +/- 2 mm Hg during the infusion period (both P less than 0.05). These changes in cardiac function occurred without significant changes in heart rate, ventricular irritability,...
Abstract 13459: Usefulness of B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin for Risk Stratification in Low Flow, Low Gradient Aortic Stenosis -A Substudy of the TOPAS Study
Authors: Abdellaziz Dahou, Marie-Annick Clavel, Romain Capoulade, Jean G Dumesnil, Philippe Pibarot
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and troponin T (TNT) have been shown to be associated with outcome in several clinical conditions. However the prognostic value of these 2 biomarkers combined together remains unclear. We aimed to explore the prognostic value of combined BNP and high-sensitivity TNT (hsTNT) in patients with low flow low gradient aortic stenosis (LGLG AS). Methods: Ninety eight patients (74±10 year; 75% men) with LFLG AS (LVEF &lt;50% and/or SVi&lt;35 ml/m2, mean gradient&lt;40 mmHg, AVAi&lt;0.6 cm2/m2) were prospectively enrolled in the TOPAS study and included in this analysis. The cohort was divided into three groups according to BNP and hsTNT plasma levels: Group A, patients with BNP&lt;550 pg/mL and undetectable TNT (hsTNT&lt;0.015 ng/mL); Group B, with BNP≥550 pg/mL or hsTNT≥0.015 ng/mL and Group C, patients with BNP≥550 pg/mL and hsTNT≥0.015 ng/mL. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality. Results: Among the 98 patients, 32 (33%) were in Group A, 39 (40%) in Group B and 24 (27%) in Group C. During a median follow up of 2.8 [IQR=1.1-4.1] years, 55 patients died. Patients in Group C were older and had lower LVEF (all p&lt;0.05). Two-year mortality was higher in Group C (41±9%) than in Group B (23±7) and Group A (5±4%) (p=0.0019). In Group B, there was no significant difference in 2-year mortality rates between the subgroup with hsTNT≥0.015 ng/mL versus that with BNP≥550 pg/mL (26±9% vs. 11±10%, respectively, p=0.21). In multivariable analysis adjusted for age, type of treatment (AVR vs. conservative), coronary artery disease and LVEF, Group C remained independently associated with increased risk of mortality (HR= 4.25; p=0.023), and Group B tended to have higher mortality (HR=3.63; p=0.058) as compared to Group A. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate the usefulness of combined measures of BNP and hsTNT to enhance risk stratification in patients with LFLG AS. Patients having activation of both BNP and hsTNT have a 4-fold increase risk of mortality.
Automated Ankle-Brachial Pressure Index Measurement by Clinical Staff for Peripheral Arterial Disease Diagnosis in Nondiabetic and Diabetic Patients
Authors: Louis Potier, Cécile Clairotte, Sylvie Retout, Ronan Roussel, Brigitte Escoubet
Journal: Diabetes Care (2010)

Gomez-Huelgas et al. (1) reported on the use of oscillometric measurement of the ankle-brachial index (Osc-ABI) in diabetic and nondiabetic patients for diagnosis of occlusive peripheral arterial disease (PAD). That study was similar to our previous research (2), although important methodological differences may be noted, especially with the use of magnetic resonance angiography imaging and not ultrasound as a gold standard technique. Consistent with our study, Gomez-Huelgas et al. …
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Authors: Atsushi Tanaka, Kenei Shimada, Guillermo J. Tearney, Hironori Kitabata, Haruyuki Taguchi, Shota Fukuda, Manabu Kashiwagi, Takashi Kubo, Shigeho Takarada, Kumiko Hirata, Masato Mizukoshi, Junichi Yoshikawa, Brett E. Bouma, Takashi Akasaka
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
The heart is in good hands.
Authors: JButler
Journal: Circulation (1983)

A review of mechanical cardiopulmonary interactions is presented and some extrapolations are made concerning cardiopulmonary resuscitation, with the following conclusions: (1) The cardiac fossa of the lungs provides a soft heart bed at normal lung volumes, but tenses at higher volumes to improve the support of the heart during postural changes. (2) The cardiac fossa is a physiologic constraint at normal heart volumes. It acts to restrict ventricular expansion before there is pericardial restriction. The physiologically useful interventricular interdependence is thereby promoted. (3) The effect of lung inflation in tensing the walls of the fossa may also sometimes embarrass both ventricles. Together with the raised intrathoracic pressure, it is responsible for the fall in left and right ventricular volumes and output during positive pressure ventilation. (4) New techniques of cardiopulmonary resuscitation depend on repeated, abrupt increases in pressure in both chest and abdomen, as in coughing.
Appropriateness Of Colonoscopy Indications Using Criteria Established By A European Panel Of Experts: Experience In An Open Access Endoscopy Center In Tunisia
Authors: A Hammami, A Hassine, F Zinelabidine, W Dahmani, W Ben Ameur, N Elleuch, A Braham, S Ajmi, A Ben Slama, M Ksiaa, H Jaziri, A Jmaa
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Appropriate use of colonoscopy is a key component of quality management in gastrointestinal endoscopy.
Pressor response to 1-sar-8-ala-angiotensin II (saralasin) in hypertensive subjects.
Authors: G HAnderson, D HStreeten, T GDalakos
Journal: Circulation Research (1977)

An angiotensin II (A II) analogue (1-Sar-8-Ala-angiotensin II) (saralasin) was infused into 418 untreated hypertensive subjects during a 1-day evaluation while blood pressure was recorded every 2 minutes by Arteriosonade. At 5 mug/kg per min, saralasin produced a change in mean blood pressure which correlated significantly (r=-0.54, P less than 0.001) with the stimulated plasma renin activity (PRA) (after intravenous furosemide and ambulation for 2 hours. Saralasin caused a rise inmean blood pressure of at least 7.0 mm Hg in 97 hypertensive subjects, who also had a low stimulated PRA (1.3+/-SEM, 0.1 ng/ml per hour; normal range, 1.7-8.5). On a low sodium diet, the pressor response of hypertensive subjects to saralasin continued and was an even better indicator of a low stimulated PRA. Infusion of saralasin at 10 mug/kg per min into normal subjects on an unrestricted diet, a low sodium diet, and a high sodium diet produced, respectively, no change, a fall (P less than 0.05), and a rise (P less than 0.005) ...
Local gold toxicity.
Authors: J A Rennie
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Plasma prazosin was measured in five patients.In the four with normal renal function there was close agreement between plasma prazosin con- centrations at corresponding times; also, the mean values were consistently higher on day 4 than on day 1 at each observation from 0739 to 1700 (P < 0 05).Peak plasma prazosin levels averaged 14 9 + 3-5 ngiml on day 1 and 26-8 ± 1-8 ng/ml on day 4.These levels coincided with the maximal antihypertensive response on day 1 but preceded the maximal response on day 4. Plasma levels in the fifth patient who had renal impairment were much higher (peak level 31-6 ng/ml on day 1; 80-5 ng/ml on day 4).
Nifedipine protects the heart from the acute deleterious effects of cocaine if administered before but not after cocaine.
Authors: S LHale, K JAlker, S HRezkalla, A CEisenhauer, R AKloner
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDWe tested the hypothesis that nifedipine, a calcium channel blocker, could ameliorate the toxic effects of cocaine on the myocardium.METHODS AND RESULTSIn an initial protocol, anesthetized dogs were pretreated with nifedipine or saline and then administered cocaine (10 mg/kg, i.v. bolus). Coronary blood flow, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, and the first derivation of left ventricular pressure (dP/dt) were measured at baseline, 2 minutes, and 15 minutes after cocaine administration. Nifedipine pretreatment prevented the early cocaine-induced decrease in coronary blood flow and improved left ventricular dP/dt compared with untreated control animals. After cocaine, ejection fraction fell in the saline group to 37 +/- 3% but increased in the nifedipine group to 59 +/- 4% (p less than 0.05). In a second protocol, vehicle or intravenous nifedipine was administered after an infusion of cocaine (10 mg/kg). In contrast to pretreatment, there was no significant improvement in left ventricular functio...
Uncommon Testicular Germ Cell Tumor Thrombus in Azygos Vein Detected by FDG PET/CT
Authors: Abdusselim Adil Peker, Huseyin Toprak, Ayse Irem Yasin, Mehmet Aydin
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

Abstract A 40-year old man admitted to the nuclear medicine department to undergo PET/CT for restaging of known testicular germ cell tumor. The patient had a history of orchiectomy for left testis and left nephrectomy with retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. Histopathology revealed testicular germ cell tumor. During the follow-up period, there is a rapidly expanding mass in posterior mediastinum. PET reveals increased FDG activity in the azygos vein. Contrast-enhanced CT of the thorax showed distended azygos vein with heterogeneously enhancing thrombus and peripheral fat stranding. Findings are consistent with azygos vein tumor thrombosis related to testicular germ cell tumor.
A pulsed Doppler echocardiographic method for calculating pulmonary and systemic blood flow in atrial level shunts: validation studies in animals and initial human experience.
Authors: L MValdes-Cruz, SHorowitz, EMesel, D JSahn, D CFisher, DLarson
Journal: Circulation (1984)

The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of a quantitative two-dimensional range-gated Doppler echocardiographic method for estimating systemic and pulmonary flows in an open-chest canine preparation with a variable-sized atrial level shunt mimicking an atrial septal defect. In addition, we also report our initial experience with 10 children who had isolated atrial septal defects and who had pulmonary and systemic flow rations (QP:QS) determined by Doppler echocardiography simultaneously with green dye-shunt calculations in the cardiac catheterization laboratory. Ten mongrel dogs weighing 20 to 30 kg were anesthetized, intubated, and mechanically ventilated. Previously calibrated electromagnetic flow probes were placed around the ascending aorta and main pulmonary artery, and an atrial level shunt was created by inserting one-half inch diameter cannulae into the left and right atrial appendages and connecting both cannulae to 3/4 inch tubing that passed through a previously calibrated extracor...
Early redistribution of thallium-201 after temporary ischemia.
Authors: J SSchwartz, RPonto, PCarlyle, LForstrom, J NCohn
Journal: Circulation (1978)

To define the time course of redistribution of thallium-201 (201Tl), ischemia was induced in seven pigs by temporary occlusion of the circumflex coronary artery. After 1 1/2 min of occlusion 201Tl and labeled microspheres were injected into the left atrium. Flow was re-established 4 min after occlusion. Prior to reflow, the relative activities of 201Tl and microspheres in the ischemic area were similar, but as early as 5 min after reflow the relative 201Tl activity was considerably higher than the relative microsphere activity and from 15 to 105 min after reflow, relative 201Tl activity (averabe 69% of that in normal myocardium) continued to be higher than relative microsphere activity (average 6% of normal). Myocardial arteriovenous differences for 201Tl were followed sequentially after 201Tl injection in normal dogs and in dogs with temporary coronary occlusions. The results suggested both loss of 201Tl from normal myocardium beginning 10 min after 201Tl injection and increased extraction of 201Tl from ...