tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
NCOG-20. AWAKE SURGERY FOR RIGHT FRONTAL LOBE GLIOMA CAN IMPROVE THE RESECTION RATE AND PRESERVE HIGHER COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS
Authors: Mitsutoshi Nakada, Riho Nakajima, Masashi Kinoshita
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2020)

Abstract OBJECTIVE Awake surgery is the standard treatment to preserve motor and language functions. The aim of this study is to evaluate the awake surgery for the patients with right frontal lobe (RFL) glioma on resection rate and preservation of higher cognitive functions. METHODS Out of the 139 cases that underwent awake surgery at our hospital between 2013 and 2019, 34 cases (mean age: 47.8 years) of RFL glioma were included in this study. The WHO classification was grade II, III, and IV for 15, 13, and 6 cases, respectively. We evaluated visual spatial cognition (VSC), spatial working memory (SWM), and social cognition (SC) before and after the surgery. These relevant areas were mapped intraoperatively. We did not map these areas in the cases in which the task could not be accomplished. Therefore, each function was divided into an intraoperative evaluation group (EG) and a non-evaluation group (NEG), and the resection rate and functional outcomes were compared. RESULTS The removal rate was significantly higher in the EG group for VSC and SC than that in the NEG (p= 0.0078 and 0.0024, respectively). The chronic disability rate of VSC was significantly lower in the EG than that in the NEG (5.6% vs. 31.3%, p= 0.043). None of the patients had postoperative disability of SWM in the EG which is significantly lower than that in the NEG (16.7%, p= 0.049). SC tended to have a lower disability rate (20.0%) in the EG compared to that in the NEG (45.8%). The probability that the posterior deep part of the middle frontal gyrus, which is the relevant area of VSC, was resected higher in the NEG (p= 0.0052). CONCLUSIONS We scientifically verified that the awake surgery for RFL glioma contributes to the improvement of resection rate and the preservation of higher cognitive functions.
CD4+T cells in ageing-associated interstitial lung abnormalities show evidence of pro-inflammatory phenotypic and functional profile
Authors: Carlos Machahua, Ivette Buendia-Roldan, Ranferi Ocaña-Guzman, María Molina-Molina, Annie Pardo, Leslie Chavez-Galan, Moises Selman
Journal: Thorax (2020)

Background Interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA) occur in around 10% of subjects over 60 years, and are associated with a higher rate of all-cause mortality. The pathogenic mechanisms are unclear, and the putative contribution of alterations in the immune response has not been explored. Normal ageing is associated with immune deficiencies, including Naïve T-cell decrease and greater expression of the proliferative-limiting, co-inhibitory receptor killer-cell lectin-like receptor G1 (KLRG1). Objective To evaluate the frequency and activation state of different T-cell subpopulations in ILA subjects. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained from 15 individuals with ILA, 21 age-matched controls and 28 healthy young subjects. T-cells phenotype was characterised by flow cytometry, and proliferation and activation by stimulation with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 or phorbol myristate acetate/ionomycin; KLRG1 isoforms were evaluated by western blot and cytokines were quantified by ELISA and Multiplex. Results A significant increase of Naïve CD4+T cells together with a decrease of central and effector memory CD4+T cells was observed in ILA compared with age-matched controls. CD4+T cells from ILA subjects exhibited greater basal proliferation, which raised after anti-CD3/anti-CD28 stimulation. Additionally, a significant increase in the levels of interleukin-6 and interferon gamma was observed in isolated CD4+T cells and plasma of ILA subjects. They also displayed fewer KLRG1+/CD4+T cells with an increase of circulating E-cadherin, the ligand of KLRG1+. No changes were observed with CD8+T cell subsets. Conclusion CD4+T cells from ILA subjects are highly proliferative and show an excessive functional activity, likely related to the loss of KLRG1 expression, which may contribute to an inflammatory state and the development of ILA.
Bone Infarction Mimicking a Bone Metastasis on 18F–Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen PET/CT
Authors: Sherif Elsobky, Malavika Nathan, Nicola Robertson, Thomas Wagner
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

18F-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT imaging is increasingly used in staging, assessment of biochemical recurrence, and treatment response in men with prostate cancer. We present a case report of a 70-year-old man who underwent 18F-PSMA PET/CT imaging to investigate biochemical recurrence following radical prostatectomy for prostate adenocarcinoma. New focal moderate PSMA uptake was identified in the left femur. A previous PSMA study, performed 5 months earlier, was normal. A subsequent MRI scan demonstrated that the PSMA avidity corresponded to a new femoral bone infarct. An English literature search revealed no previous cases of PSMA tracer uptake in bone infarction.
P2Y12 inhibitor switching in response to routine notification of CYP2C19 clopidogrel metabolizer status following acute coronary syndromes
Authors: Matthew T Roe, E. Magnus Ohman, Thomas J Povsic, Jennifer White, Frank Rockold, Gilles Montalescot, Jan H Cornel, José Carlos Nicolau, P. Gabriel Steg, C. Michael Gibson
Journal: Circulation (2017)
IMMU-05. B7-H3-SPECIFIC CAR T CELLS HAVE POTENT ANTI-TUMOR ACTIVITY IN THE GL261 IMMUNE-COMPETENT MURINE BRAIN TUMOR MODEL
Authors: Dalia Haydar, Zhongzhen Yi, Chris DeRenzo, Stephen Gottschalk, Giedre Krenciute
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2020)

Abstract BACKGROUND We and others have identified B7-H3 (CD276) as a promising target for CAR-based immunotherapies for pediatric brain tumors. So far, B7-H3-CAR T cells have only been studied in xenograft models for brain tumors, which do not recapitulate the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). To overcome this obstacle, we decided to adapt the immune-competent GL261 murine glioma model which mimics human disease and host immune barriers. METHODS To evaluate the safety and efficacy of antigen-specific CAR T cells, murine B7-H3-CAR T cells were generated using retroviral particles encoding 2nd generation B7-H3-specific CD28.z CAR. Expansion, persistence, and anti-tumor activity were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Components of the brain TME were then evaluated using flow cytometry and immunostaining. RESULTS B7-H3-CAR T cells only killed B7-H3+ tumor cells, secreted significant levels of IFNγ and IL-2 in an antigen-dependent manner and expanded an average of 33-fold in repeat stimulation assay with B7-H3+ tumor cells in contrast to control CAR T cells. In vivo, intratumoral injection of B7-H3-CAR T cells into orthotopic GL261 glioma induced complete regression in 60% of treated mice. Preliminary studies show numerous infiltration of suppressive tumor-associated macrophages within the tumor and its periphery. CONCLUSIONS In summary, we successfully generated murine B7-H3-CAR T cells and have demonstrated that these cells have potent anti-tumor activity in the immune-competent GL261 glioma model. However, it is likely that the tumor-associated macrophages are mediating immunosuppressive effects on B7-H3-CAR T cells. Therefore, studies focusing on TME/CAR T cell interactions are in progress.
Adhesion molecule expression on human primary culture lymphatic endothelial cells
Authors: Hiroshi Furukawa, Robert Langley, Tiffany L. Calderone, David Bartos, Jeffrey E. Gershenwald
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

4946  Leukocyte trafficking in inflamed tissues is mediated through a coordinated series of adhesive interactions that take place between vascular endothelial cell adhesion molecules (ECAMs) and corresponding receptors on the leukocyte surface. The endothelial glycoprotein, E-selectin, provides a low-affinity contact for circulating leukocytes allowing them to roll along the vascular surface. Two members of the immunoglobulin supergene family, ICAM and VCAM, provide stable adhesive contacts that are necessary for the process of leukocyte transmigration. While the expression patterns of vascular ECAMs have been the focus of investigative efforts, little is known regarding these glycoproteins on lymphatic endothelium. We developed a surgical approach that utilizes human afferent lymphatic vessels to isolate and establish in primary culture lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). Using these characterized LECs, we examined constitutive and inducible expression patterns of several ECAMs. Methods: Using an Institutional Review Board-approved laboratory protocol, small segments of human sentinel lymphatic vessels (SLVs) identified intraoperatively during sentinel lymph node biopsy were harvested. To isolate LECs, SLV were cannulated and perfused with collagenase. Harvested cells were cultured in endothelial growth medium; individual colonies were cloned. Putative clones were characterized via RT-PCR and/or western analysis for established lymphatic endothelial cell markers: VEGF-R3, LYVE-1, Prox-1 and podoplanin. After establishing the validity of the LECs, the lymphatic ECAM expression profiles were constructed for E-selectin, VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and CD31 (PECAM-1) using immunohistochemical techniques comparing constitutive and inflammatory conditions (TNF-α,10ng/ml). Results: All LEC clones harvested from human SLV expressed the pan-endothelial cell marker CD31 as well as the lymphatic markers VEGFR-3, LYVE-1, Prox-1, and podoplanin. LEC clones expressed considerably higher constitutive levels of VCAM-1 on their surface in comparison to VECs. E-selectin and ICAM-1 were expressed in low levels on unstimulated LECs, but were markedly upregulated in response to TNF-α stimulation. Conclusion: Anatomic techniques using human afferent lymphatic vessels can be used to establish in culture LECs that express lymphatic specific markers such as VEGFR-3, LYVE-1, Prox-1, and podoplanin. This approach allowed us to establish pure populations of LECs and provide novel information regarding the expression of ECAMs on the vessels. It is anticipated that the lymphatic endothelial cells described here will be an invaluable resource for defining and characterizing the interaction between human sentinel lymphatic vessels and tumor cells.
Self-Reported HIV-Antibody Testing Among Persons With Selected Risk Behaviors— Southern Los Angeles County, 1991-1992
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
20P Quantitative whole slide assessment of CD8+ tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes in small cell esophageal carcinoma in relation to clinical outcome
Authors: Z. Zhang, C. Zhang, G. Zhang, L. Xue, Q. Zeng, L. Yue, Q. Xue, S. Gao, N. Sun, J. He
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
EPEN-43. TARGETING INTRA-TUMOUR HETEROGENEITY IN PAEDIATRIC EPENDYMOMA: AN INTEGRATED OMICS STUDY TOWARDS PATIENT-TAILORED THERAPY
Authors: Alina Pandele, Alison Woodward, Donald MacArthur, Ian Kamaly-Asl, David A Barrett, Richard G Grundy, Dong-Hyun Kim, Ruman Rahman
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2020)

Abstract Ependymoma (EPN) is the second most common malignant paediatric brain tumour, which despite extensive genomic sequencing, no novel therapeutic options have been discovered. Multi-omics are anticipated to reveal dysregulated pathways that may be predictive of patient-specific biomarkers. Given the close association between gene expression, active biochemical signaling and metabolism, there is an unmet scientific challenge to determine whether EPN gene expression correlates with aberrant metabolic pathways, thus presenting therapeutic vulnerabilities. We first compared two distinct subgroups of EPN, PF-A and ST-RELA, identifying 115 metabolites and 1580 upregulated genes between the two subgroups, therefore validating previously reported genetic clustering of these two subtypes. We next integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics, comparing 28 intra-tumour tissue regions from eight primary PF-A EPN patients. Polar metabolites and RNA were simultaneously extracted from the same population of cells. RNAseq identified dysregulated genes and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) detected 98 significantly altered metabolites between 18 multi-regions, the majority mapping onto the arginine and proline pathways. Integration of genes and metabolites using pathway-based network analysis revealed 124 aberrant gene-metabolite interactions between intra-tumour regions, with large numbers occurring in the glucogenesis and glycine metabolic pathways in 6/8 patients. These may represent ubiquitous and therapeutically relevant metabolic pathways critical for EPN survival. Additionally, patients presented at least one unique intra-tumour genomic-metabolomic interaction, applicable for patient-tailored therapy. This is the first exploration of EPN multi-omic integration and intra-tumour heterogeneity. Selected drug targets predicated on aberrant gene-metabolite networks will be validated in multi-region patient-derived cell lines and orthotopic models using repurposed therapeutics.
MBCL-29. PHASE I/II STUDY OF SEQUENTIAL HIGH-DOSE CHEMOTHERAPY WITH STEM CELL SUPPORT IN CHILDREN YOUNGER THAN 5 YEARS OF AGE WITH HIGH-RISK MEDULLOBLASTOMA
Authors: Christelle Dufour, Julien Masliah-Planchon, Marie-Bernadette Delisle, Anne Geoffray, Rachid Abbas, Franck Bourdeaut, Anne-Isabelle Bertozzi, Cecile Faure-Conter, Celine Chappe, Emilie De Carli, Natacha Entz-Werle, Fanny Fouyssac, Nicolas Andre, Christine Soler, Claire Pluchart, Gilles Palenzuela, Pierre Leblond, Jacques Grill
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2020)

Abstract PURPOSE To assess the 3-year EFS rate of children younger than 5 years of age with high-risk medulloblastoma (MB) treated according to the prospective multicenter trial HR MB-5. PATIENTS AND METHODS After surgery, all children received 2 cycles of Etoposide- Carboplatine. If partial (PR) or complete response (CR) was achieved after induction chemotherapy, children received 2 courses of thiotepa (600mg/m²) with stem cell rescue. For patients in CR after high-dose chemotherapy, they received one course of Cyclophosphamide – Busilvex with stem cell rescue (Phase I part). The others patients (not in PR after induction or in CR after thiotepa) were treated with 2 cycles of Temozolomide-Irinotecan followed by age-adapted craniospinal irradiation and maintenance treatment. RESULTS 28 children (2 to 4 years; median: 3.0 years) were enrolled. Group 3 MB were most common (57%). The response rate to Etoposide-Carboplatine was 60.7%. Among 20 patients treated with Thiotepa, 13 children were in CR and received Cyclophosphamide – Busilvex without radiotherapy. Out of them, 9 patients (45%) are alive in CR without craniospinal irradiation (median follow-up 5 years). Among 15 patients treated with radiotherapy, 8 patients are alive (median follow-up 3.8 years). The study was prematurely stopped for an excess of events. The median follow-up was 4 years (range 1.5 - 6.1). The 3-year EFS and OS were 42.3% [25.9 - 60.6] and 71.3% [52.7 - 84.7], respectively. CONCLUSIONS This risk-adapted strategy did not improve EFS in young children with high-risk MB. However, the study shows that good responders to chemotherapy can be cured without recourse to irradiation.
The Colon Endoscopic Bubble Scale (CEBuS): a two-phase evaluation study
Authors: Filipe Taveira, Cesare Hassan, Michal F. Kaminski, Thierry Ponchon, Robert Benamouzig, Marek Bugajski, Flore de Castelbajac, Paola Cesaro, Hasnae Chergui, Loredana Goran, Leonardo Minelli Grazioli, Martin Janičko, Wladyslaw Januszewicz, Laura Lamonaca, Jamila Lenz, Lucian Negreanu, Alessandro Repici, Cristiano Spada, Marco Spadaccini, Monica State, Jakub Szlak, Eduard Veseliny, Mário Dinis-Ribeiro, Miguel Areia
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Abstract Background To date, no scale has been validated to assess bubbles associated with bowel preparation. This study aimed to develop and assess the reliability of a novel scale – the Colon Endoscopic Bubble Scale (CEBuS). Methods This was a multicenter, prospective, observational study with two online evaluation phases of 45 randomly distributed still colonoscopy images (15 per scale grade). Observers assessed images twice, 2 weeks apart, using CEBuS (CEBuS-0 – no or minimal bubbles, covering &lt; 5 % of the surface; CEBuS-1 – bubbles covering 5 %–50 %; CEBuS-2 – bubbles covering &gt; 50 %) and reporting the clinical action (do nothing; wash with water; wash with simethicone). Results CEBuS provided high levels of agreement both in evaluation Phase 1 (4 experts) and Phase 2 (6 experts and 13 non-experts), with almost perfect intraobserver reliability: kappa 0.82 (95 % confidence interval 0.75–0.88) and 0.86 (0.85–0.88); interobserver agreement – intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) 0.83 (0.73–0.89) and 0.90 (0.86–0.94). Previous endoscopic experience had no influence on agreement among experts vs. non-experts: kappa 0.86 (0.80–0.91) vs. 0.87 (0.84–0.89) and ICC 0.91 (0.87–0.94) vs. 0.90 (0.86–0.94), respectively. Interobserver agreement on clinical action was ICC 0.63 (0.43–0.78) in Phase 1 and 0.77 (0.68–0.84) in Phase 2. Absolute agreement on clinical action per scale grade was 85 % (82–88) for CEBuS-0, 21 % (16–26) for CEBuS-1, and 74 % (70–78) for CEBuS-2. Conclusion CEBuS proved to be a reliable instrument to standardize the evaluation of colonic bubbles during colonoscopy. Assessment in daily practice is warranted.
Vascular ApoE4 Impairs Behavior by Modulating Gliovascular Function
Authors: Yu Yamazaki, Chia-Chen Liu, Akari Yamazaki, Francis Shue, Yuka A. Martens, Yuanxin Chen, Wenhui Qiao, Aishe Kurti, Hiroshi Oue, Yingxue Ren, Ying Li, Tomonori Aikawa, Yesesri Cherukuri, John D. Fryer, Yan W. Asmann, Betty Y.S. Kim, Takahisa Kanekiyo, Guojun Bu
Journal: Neuron (2020)
Conditional recurrence-free survival of clinical complete responders managed by watch and wait after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer in the International Watch &amp; Wait Database: a retrospective, international, multicentre registry study
Authors: Laura M Fernandez, Guilherme P São Julião, Nuno L Figueiredo, Geerard L Beets, Maxime J M van der Valk, Renu R Bahadoer, Denise E Hilling, Elma Meershoek-Klein Kranenbarg, Annet G H Roodvoets, Andrew G Renehan, Cornelis J H van de Velde, Angelita Habr-Gama, Rodrigo O Perez, A. Abdelrazeq, Oktar Asoglu, Rita Barroca, J. Beveridge, A. Bhowmick, A. Blower, M. Braun, Krzysztof Bujko, P. Carter, Carlos Carvalho, Claudio Coco, Chris Cunningham, André D’Hoore, Gabriel Dimofte, Peirong Ding, S. Duff, S.T. Dwyer, J. Epstein, D. Evans, P. Fulford, Wolfgang Gaertner, Jean-Pierre Gerard, Simon Gollins, R. Harris, J. Harrison, J. Heat, J. Hill, J. Hobbiss, Eduardo Huertas, Z. Huq, Soledad Iseas, Anders Jakobsen, D. Jones, L. Jones, U. Khan, R. Kushwaha, N. Lees, T.Y. Linn, S. Loganathan, Fernando López Campos, Robert Madoff, Zaman Z. Mamedli, Anna Martling, Klaus E. Matzel, Jarno Melenhorst, P. Mitchell, Sthela M. Murad-Regadas, Sarah T. O'Dwyer, Alejandro Pairola, M. Paraoan, Oriol Pares, Koen C.M.J. Peeters, S.H. Pettit, N. Pranesh, R. Rajaganeshan, S. Ravi, S. Rawat, D. Richards, K. Riyad, Gustavo Rossi, Harm J.T. Rutten, M. Saeed, J. Salaman, Fernando Sanchez Loria, Marit E. Van der Sande, Ines Santiago, C. Selvasekar, K.H. Siddiqui, C. Smart, M.H. Solkar, Arthur Sun Myint, B. Taylor, K. Telford, Nigel Scott, Carlos A. Vaccaro, Bruna B. Vailati, Charlotte Verberne, Pedro Vieira, D. Vimalchandran, S. Ward, M.S. Wilson, Des C. Winter, Carlijn Witjes, Albert M. Wolthuis, Jing Zhang, Zhen Zhang
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2020)
Clinicopathologic characterization of enfortumab vedotin-associated cutaneous toxicity in patients with urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Kelsey E. Hirotsu, Jasmine Rana, Jennifer Y. Wang, Shyam S. Raghavan, Kerri E. Rieger, Sandhya Srinivas, Alice C. Fan, Bernice Y. Kwong, Roberto A. Novoa, Lisa C. Zaba
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
NCOG-40. IMPLEMENTING RANO CRITERIA IN A RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTING AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH OVERALL SURVIVAL OF GLIOMA PATIENTS: EXPERIENCE FROM A NATIONAL CANCER CENTER IN INDONESIA
Authors: Rusdy Ghazali Malueka, Henry Sofyan, Tiara Aninditha, Rini Andriani
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2020)

Abstract INTRODUCTION Gliomas are one of the most common central nervous system tumors in adults. The Response Assessment Criteria in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) was developed to standardize the radiographic parameters used to assess therapeutic outcomes in glioma patients. A previous study has shown an association between therapeutic response based on RANO criteria and overall survival in glioma patients. However, the feasibility of applying RANO criteria in settings with limited resources has never been reported. This study aims to assess the feasibility of applying RANO criteria in clinical settings in Indonesia. This study also wants to see the role of the RANO criteria as a prognostic factor for gliomas in Indonesia. METHOD Data of glioma patients were retrospectively collected from Dharmais Cancer Hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia. Dharmais Cancer Hospital is the highest referral hospital for brain tumors in the country. Clinical and demographic data were collected from the medical record. RESULTS From 138 identified glioma patients from 2017 to May 2020, only 34 patients can be assessed using RANO criteria. The majority of the patients do not have post-surgical MRI that can be used as a baseline. Among 34 included patients, 38.2% were categorized as responsive, 23.5% as stable disease and 38.2% were categorized as progressive. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the median overall survival in the progressive group is significantly shorter than the median survival of responsive/stable group (21.2 vs. 57.5 months respectively, p=0.001). Multivariate cox regression analysis was performed to see the association of RANO criteria and other confounding variables (sex, age, glioma grade, glioma location, and therapy) with overall survival. The result showed that RANO progression was significantly associated with decreased survival (HR 18.38, p=0.045). CONCLUSION This retrospective analysis demonstrates the feasibility of applying RANO criteria in Indonesia and its association with overall survival.
To keep or not to keep the lumen-apposing metal stent during endoscopic necrosectomy?
Authors: Janak Shah
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Binmoeller et al. reported the first use of a lumen-apposing metal stent (LAMS) for transluminal drainage of a fluid collection in a porcine model in 2011 [1]. One year later, Itoi et al. reported the first clinical use of LAMS [2]. In their study, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided drainage with LAMS was performed in 15 patients with symptomatic pseudocysts and 5 patients with acute cholecystitis. Since then, numerous studies have reported on the topic of EUS-guided drainage of pancreatic fluid collections with LAMS. The technique seems to have gained popularity especially for walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN), as the LAMS can serve as a gateway to the cavity to facilitate repetitive endoscope insertions, withdrawals, and removal of necrotic debris.