tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 16999: Supraventricular Tachycardia Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation is Associated with a Decrease in Hospitalizations and Emergency Department Visits Post-Procedure
Authors: Jonathan Doris, Jonathan Turner, Nigel Gupta, Somjot S Brar
Journal: Circulation (2011)

BACKGROUND: Ablation of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is commonly performed in patients symptomatic on medical therapy. The impact of SVT ablation on resource utilization, rehospitalization and emergency department (ED) visit rates, remains unknown. METHODS: Consecutive patients undergoing supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) radiofrequency catheter ablation were identified (excluding atrial fibrillation). All patients were members of an integrated pre-paid health plan in Southern California. Subjects were required to have at least 12 months of health plan membership prior to and after the procedure date. The number of all-cause hospitalizations and ED visits 12-months before and after the procedure date were ascertained for each subject. Logistic regression was used to model the probability of a decrease in hospitalizations and ED visits post-SVT ablation. RESULTS: There were 1928 patients meeting study criteria who underwent SVT ablation between 1999 and 2010. The mean age was 52 ± 17 years and 58% were female. In the 12-months preceding the ablation procedure, 75% of the patients had at least one hospitalization or ED visit; in contrast, only 35% had one hospitalization or ED visit in the 12-months post-ablation. The incidence rate ratio was 0.47 (0.43 - 0.51; p&lt;0.001), corresponding to a 53% reduction in hospitalizations or ED visits post-ablation. This reduction in events post-ablation was observed for all age groups; however, the reduction was greatest in younger patients (see figure). CONCLUSIONS: Ablation of supraventricular tachycardia was associated with a statistically significant reduction in all-cause hospitalizations and ED visits post-procedure. These data suggest SVT ablation is highly efficacious and cost-effective in appropriate patients.
A case of diphtheria in Sweden, October 2011
Authors: H Fredlund, T Norén, T Lepp, E Morfeldt, B Henriques Normark
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2011)

In October 2011, a child who had arrived in Sweden from Somalia presented with atypical tonsillitis, was treated with penicillin and the symptoms resolved. A throat swab was positive for toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae. The child's family were then vaccinated with diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis vaccine and screened for C. diphtheriae. No secondary cases were found. A high level of adherence to childhood vaccination programmes is an effective way to protect populations against diphtheria.
Abstract 16829: Myocardial Extracellular Volume Fraction and Survival in Systemic AL Amyloidosis
Authors: Sanjay M. Banypersad, Marianna Fontana, Daniel M. Sado, Jennifer H. Pinney, Shameem Mahmood, Sajitha Sachchithanantham, Jason Dungu, Carol J. Whelan, Ashutosh D. Wechalekar, Julian D. Gillmore, Helen J. Lachmann, Philip N. Hawkins, James C. Moon
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Sanjay M. Banypersad, 2013 Finalist and Presenting Author
Soundings: Shells and sore feet
Authors: Ricardo Silva
Journal: BMJ (1999)

“When did your belly start to ache?”

“Yesterday, after lunch.”

I had examined him through the anamnesis and found fever, dehydration, diarrhoea, and abdominal pain. It looked like gastroenteritis. It would be a normal scene in an emergency room. But I was sitting on the floor of the room I would share with him and six other people in a little dormitory in a small village along the Way of St James, the legendary 1100 year old route leading westward through northern Spain to the city of Santiago de Compostela. All of us had a vieira (scallop shell) around our necks identifying us as pilgrims.

“Have you eaten anything today?”

“Yesterday I ate some rice with peppers and oil. Since then, I haven’t eaten anything, I’m too sick.”

No hunger along the Way—there are plenty of restaurants, bars, and small markets where you can buy fine cheese, ham, bread, and tomatoes to make sandwiches or prepare a hot meal in the dormitory’s kitchen, but the regional dishes may be tricky for the unprepared pilgrim.

“Okay, people, let me see what we have here.”

They offered their possessions—food, medicines—before I’d asked. On the Way you learn to share, to give without parsimony and receive without embarrassment, a communal life style necessary in dormitories where you eat, sleep, and bathe with people of all sexes, ages, and countries, united together by our common human nature with all its frailty and glory.

A Spanish woman went to buy some crackers for him; a Swedish couple gave some charcoal tablets for diarrhoea; a Brazilian woman took his hand and began a soothing conversation. I went to the dormitory’s kitchen to prepare a bottle of homemade oral rehydration solution using the World Health Organisation’s formula: salt, sugar and mineral water, with sodium bicarbonate and some lemon juice for flavouring.

Later, I drained some blisters on sore feet, ate something, and went to sleep and rest for the next day’s walk.

“I’m hungry,” he says the morning afterwards, when he joined us at the dormitory’s table for breakfast. I gave him my last apple to eat with the crackers, the WHO formula, and some camomile tea.

He was still eating when we left the dormitory to follow the Way to its end.
Responses to Romidepsin in Patients with Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (CTCL) and Prior Treatment with Systemic Chemotherapy: Subanalysis from the Pivotal Phase 2 Study
Authors: Madeleine Duvic, Youn H Kim, Alain H Rook, Adam Lerner, Tadeusz Robak, Alexey Samtsov, William McCulloch, Joel Waksman, Sean Whittaker
Journal: Blood (2014)
Abstract 5617: Paradoxical Low Use of Coronary Interventions in High-Risk Non-st Segment Acute Coronary Syndromes with Heart Failure. Data from the Oasis-5 Randomized Trial
Authors: Philippe G Steg, Gregory Ducrocq, Rizwan Afzal, David P Faxon, Andrzej Budaj, Leopoldo Piegas, Petr Widimsky, Salim Yusuf, Shamir Mehta, Oasis investigators
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Characterization and Use of an Antibody Detecting the CBFβ-SMMHC Fusion Protein in inv(16)/t(16;16)-Associated Acute Myeloid Leukemias
Authors: David S. Viswanatha, I.-Ming Chen, Pu Paul Liu, Marilyn L. Slovak, Cathy Rankin, David R. Head, Cheryl L. Willman
Journal: Blood (1998)
Transurethral Treatment of Bladder Diverticula
Authors: Masafumi Adachi, Teruhiro Nakada, Toshiyuki Yamaguchi, Hitoshi Suzuki, Junji Hirano, Kazuhiko Hirano, Tohru Hashimoto, Yoshiaki Iijima, Nobuhisa Ishii, Yasubumi Gotoh
Journal: European Urology (1991)
Association of Cardiorespiratory Fitness With Left Ventricular Remodeling and Diastolic Function
Authors: Stephanie K. Brinker, Ambarish Pandey, Colby R. Ayers, Carolyn E. Barlow, Laura F. DeFina, Benjamin L. Willis, Nina B. Radford, Ramin Farzaneh-Far, James A. de Lemos, Mark H. Drazner, Jarett D. Berry
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2014)

This study sought to compare the cross-sectional associations between fitness and echocardiographic measures of cardiac structure and function. Cardiorespiratory fitness is inversely associated with heart failure risk. However, the mechanism through which fitness lowers heart failure risk is not fully understood. We included 1,678 men and 1,247 women from the Cooper Center Longitudinal Study who received an echocardiogram from 1999 to 2011. Fitness was estimated by Balke protocol (in metabolic equivalents) and also categorized into age-specific quartiles, with quartile 1 representing low fitness. Cross-sectional associations between fitness (in metabolic equivalents) and relative wall thickness, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter indexed to body surface area, left atrial volume indexed to body surface area, left ventricular systolic function, and E/e′ ratio were determined using multivariable linear regression analysis. Higher levels of mid-life fitness (metabolic equivalents) were associated with larger indexed left atrial volume (men: beta = 0.769, p < 0.0001; women: beta = 0.879, p value ≤0.0001) and indexed left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (men: beta = 0.231, p < 0.001; women: beta = 0.264, p < 0.0001). Similarly, a higher level of fitness was associated with a smaller relative wall thickness (men: beta = –0.002, p = 0.04; women: beta = –0.005, p < 0.0001) and E/e′ ratio (men: beta = –0.11, p = 0.003; women: beta = –0.13, p = 0.01). However, there was no association between low fitness and left ventricular systolic function (p = NS). Low fitness is associated with a higher prevalence of concentric remodeling and diastolic dysfunction, suggesting that exercise may lower heart failure risk through its effect on favorable cardiac remodeling and improved diastolic function.
ASXL1 mutated chronic myelomonocytic leukemia in a patient with familial thrombocytopenia secondary to germline mutation in ANKRD26
Authors: J Perez Botero, J L Oliveira, D Chen, K K Reichard, D S Viswanatha, P L Nguyen, R K Pruthi, J Majerus, P Gada, N Gangat, A Tefferi, M M Patnaik
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2015)

Thrombocytopenia 2 (THC2), a non-syndromic, autosomal dominant thrombocytopenia, is caused by mutations in the ANKRD26 gene, located on chromosome 10p12.1 Thus far, 12 heterozygous single nucleotide substitutions in the 5′-untranslated region of the ANKRD26 gene have been described in 21 families.2, 3 Affected patients usually present with moderate thrombocytopenia with normal platelet size and normal mean platelet volumes. Many patients were reported to have an α-granule deficiency as detected by immunofluorescent labelling without consistent defects in platelet aggregation studies. Evidence for dysmegakaryopoiesis has been observed in a small number of patients who have undergone bone marrow biopsies. Surprisingly, a small subset of individuals can have elevated hemoglobin levels and leukocyte counts, without a clear explanation.3
Lawsuit challenges FDA's authority to prevent off-label marketing
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A legal challenge mounted by a Dublin based drug manufacturer could hamstring the US Food and Drug Administration in its efforts to prevent drug company sales representatives from promoting their products to treat conditions for which the drugs were not approved.

Amarin Corporation, manufacturer of icosapent ethyl (which it markets in the United States as Vascepa), a prescribed omega 3 fatty acid, argues that information about its product’s effectiveness in “off-label” indications, as long as it was truthful and not misleading, was protected as free speech under the First Amendment to the US Constitution.

Off-label marketing has long been a bone of contention between the drug industry and the FDA. Physicians are allowed to prescribe off label, but drug makers are not allowed to recommend it. In the past 10 years at least 17 companies have paid a total of over $16bn (£10bn; €14bn) to settle claims of off-label marketing.

But in 2012 an appeals court reversed the conviction of Alfred Caronia, a sales representative for Orphan Medical, who had been recorded discussing off-label treatment options with physicians.1 …
Abstract P32: Impact Of Supraglottic Airways And Endotracheal Intubation On Outcomes Following Witnessed Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Kentaro Kajino, Taku Iwami, Mohamud Daya, Tetsuhisa Kitamura, Tomohiko Sakai, Tatsuya Nishiuchi, Yasuyuki Hayashi, Atushi Hiraide, Shigeru Yamayoshi, Masashi Kishi
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Introduction:   The benefit of advanced airway management including a supraglottic airway (SGA) and endotracheal intubation (ETI) for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remains to be determined.    Purpose:   The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of advanced airway placement on the survival from witnessed OHCA.    Materials and methods:   We enrolled all persons aged 18 years or older who suffered OHCA of presumed cardiac etiology that was witnessed by bystanders and received advanced airway management by emergency medical service (EMS) in Osaka Prefecture (8.8 million), Japan from January 2005 through December 2007. Emergency Life Saving Technicians (ELSTs) were permitted to use a SGA (Combitube, LMA, LMT and Sumiway tube ® ) from 2001 and specially trained ELSTs were trained in ETI in 2004. Data were prospectively collected by EMS personnel using an Utstein-style database. The primary outcome was one-month survival with favorable neurological outcome. Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between confounding variables (age, gender, location, bystander CPR, adrenaline use, ESLT’s status, ETI use, presenting rhythm, and response time) and outcome.    Results  : Of 3,570 witnessed cardiac arrests of presumed cardiac etiology, 2,700 cases received advanced airway management. Among the 2,700, 641 cases (23.7%) had an ETI while 2,029 cases (75.1%) had a SGA placed. Neurologically favorable one-month survival was similar in both the ETI group and the SGA group (29 [4.5%] versus 77 [3.8%]; p=0.412). After adjusting for confounding variables, ETI was not associated with better outcome (OR=0.59; 95% CI, 0.24 –1.47; p=0.24). However, the delay time to advanced airway management was a significant predictor of neurologically favorable survival (OR=0.91; 95% CI, 0.86 – 0.96; p    Conclusion  : Early placement of an advanced airway regardless of the type improves outcome from witnessed adult OHCA.
Adult survivors of child sex abuse
Authors: Z. Hall, M. A Mullee, C. Thompson
Journal: BMJ (1995)

wellbeing but is potentially counterproductive to promotion ofbreast feeding.I suggest the following amendments to the author's key messages: * First assess whether the heel prick is really necessary * Minimise the discomfort of the procedure by asking the parent (or member of staff) to cuddle and soothe the baby * If the mother is breastfeeding encourage her to put the baby to the breast before the procedure starts and allow the baby to suckle during the procedure Lastly, before drug manufacturers seize a new opportunity to market prepacked phials of sterile sucrose solution, complete with dropper, could I urge the authors to consider mounting a study to answer their own query-namely, "whether simply cuddling a crying infant after heel prick is as effective in reducing crying as 50% sucrose."It may be that going back to the basics is all that is needed.CORALJEPSON
Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis.
Authors: R S Arkoff
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Pulmonary Alveolar ProteinosisIn 1958 S. H. Rosen and colleagues' described what they considered to be a "remarkable disease of the lung that consists of the filling of the alveoli by a PAS-[periodic acid Schiffl positive proteinaceous material, rich in lipid."In these distal air spaces there is little if any cellular reaction.While this histological picture is the essential diagnostic feature of the disease, in clinical practice the condition is suggested by the radiographic appearances.To quote again from the original description: "There is a fine, diffuse, perihilar, radiating, feathery or vaguely nodular, soft density, resembling . . . the pattern seen in severe pulmonary edema."These descriptions are still unchanged following reports now of over 150 cases in the world literature.The radiograph reflects irregular diffuse alveolar consolidation, which is the basis of the lung disturbance.Clinically there may be few symptoms or signs to accom- pany a dramatic chest radiograph, but usually there is some shortness of breath, in part due to restriction of ventilation but mainly dependent on impaired gas transfer.Airways obstruction is not present.The patient may have some cough and produce scanty, usually mucoid, sputum.IThis may contain lipoproteinaceous material from the alveoli.2It is a chronic disease and its natural history as shown in the records of 139 patients has been reviewed by J. M. Davidson and W. M. Macleod.3The patients, more men than women, were aged from infancy to 72 years but were mostly between 30 and 50.During varied periods of observation 48 of them recovered or greatly improved.Forty-five patients died, and in 38 of these cases death was directly due to the proteinosis or its complications.Infections were a common complication, especially fungal- for example, nocardiosis. Congenital Pulmonary LymphangiectasisCystic disease of the lungs due to dilatation of the lymphatic vessels is one of the lesser known forms.The condition, known usually as congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis, is characterized by intercommunicating thin-walled, endo- on 20 August
Abstract 5253: Human Microvascular Dysfunction Induced by AL Amyloid Light Chain Proteins is Attenuated by Tetrahydrobiopterin
Authors: Raymond Q Migrino, Seth Truran, David D Gutterman, Brittany Schlundt, Megan Bright, Parameswaran Hari
Journal: Circulation (2009)

The mechanisms of injury in light chain (LC) amyloidosis (AL) remain unknown. We aim to measure endothelial/non-endothelial dilation and nitric oxide (NO) production in non-AL human coronary and adipose arterioles post exposure to LC±tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). Methods: Urine LC were purified (5 AL subjects, 57±11 years). Adipose (n=19) and coronary (n=25) arterioles from discarded fat and atrial appendage from non-AL patients post surgery were cannulated, pressurized (60 mm Hg) and dilation to acetylcholine (adipose:10 −9 –10 −4 M) or bradykinin (coronary:10 −10 –10 −5 M) and papaverine (both:10 −4 M) were measured before and 1 hour post exposure to LC (20 μ g/mL) or LC+BH4 (100 μ M). Separately, NO was measured using 4,5-diaminofluorescein diacetate fluorescence in arterioles exposed to LC, LC+BH4 and vehicle. Results: Adipose arterioles had impaired dilation to acetylcholine (10 −4 M:47.4±8.2 versus 82.9±3.5% control, p=0.002) and papaverine (83.8±4.3 vs. 94.5±1.6% control, p=0.007) post-LC suggesting endothelial and non-endothelial dysfunction. Post LC, coronary dilation to bradykinin (10 −5 M:63.4±6.3 versus 84.8±3.1% control, p=0.004) but not papaverine was reduced signifying endothelial dysfunction. BH4 pretreatment restored adipose and coronary microvascular function (p=NS vs. control). NO production was reduced by LC but restored by BH4 (see figure ). Conclusions: Brief exposure to AL light chains impaired microvascular function and reduced NO production in non-AL human adipose and coronary arterioles; both were restored by tetrahydrobiopterin. This novel mechanism of injury may be important in AL pathophysiology and a potential therapeutic target. This research has received full or partial funding support from the American Heart Association, Midwest Affiliate (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota &amp; Wisconsin).
Contraceptive implants
Authors: N J A Cozens
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Described in this letter is a case in which migration of a levonorgestrel contraceptive implant exceeded 2 cm.  An earlier editorial stated that such an event has never occurred.  In this case involving a 30-year-old UK woman two capsules remained in a satisfactory location fanned out from the insertion site.  The third fourth and fifth capsules however migrated cranially by 15 mm 40 mm and 40 mm respectively while the sixth had migrated over 50 mm caudally.  The capsules had been inserted by a general practitioner with training and experience in this function.  All capsules were located with high resolution ultrasonography.  Removal was facilitated by marking the skin directly over the length of the implant and recording the depth beneath the surface.
Combination therapy with ARA-AMP and interferon of chronic active hepatitis B
Authors: C. Trépo, P. Rougier, T. Bizollon, R. Poupon, J.P. Zarski, A. Quinton, J.P. Miguet, X. Causse, P. Chossegros, M. Chevallier
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1991)
Impact of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) on quality of life (QL), cognitive and physical function of patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer (PC)
Authors: F. Joly, S. Alibhai, J. Galica, F. Soban, A. Park, Q.-L. Yi, L. Wagner, I. Tannock
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

4627 Background: Many patients receive ADT for PC, often for long periods. Here we evaluate the impact of ADT on QL, cognitive and physical function of such patients. Method: From October 2003 to June 2004, 57 patients with non-metastatic PC (treated ≥3 months with ADT) and 51 healthy controls (matched by age) were recruited to a case-control study. QL was assessed by the FACT-G with the subscale for fatigue (FACT-F) and by the Patient-Oriented Prostate Scale (PORPUS). Cognitive function was evaluated by the High Sensitivity Cognitive Screen (HSCS) and by a prototype FACT subscale (FACT-COG). Physical and general function were measured by the 6 Minute Walk Test (6MWT), upper extremity grip strength, the Time Up and Go test, the Barthel Index of basic activities of daily living (ADL), the Lawton and Brody Instrumental ADL Scale and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Results: Mean age (72 years), educational level and medical history (apart from PC) were similar for patients and controls. Patients received ADT for rising PSA (47%) or as adjuvant treatment (53%). Mean duration of ADT was 2.4yr (SD: 1.7yr). Patients had lower mean Hb (135 vs 149 mg/l, p<0.0001) and Barthel Index score (p=0.03) than controls. Scores for the FACT-G and physical function did not differ significantly between patients and controls. Moderate or severe impairment of cognitive function evaluated by HSCS was similar for patients (23%) and controls (35%; p=0.2). Self-reported cognitive deficit and impact on QL measured by FACT-COG were also similar (p=0.8). The PORPUS summary score was worse for patients (mean, 68 versus 83, p<0.0001) with more moderate/severe symptoms (lost energy 36% vs 16%, p=0.03; poor bladder control 20% vs 4%, p=0.02, loss of sexual function/interest 95/89% vs 33/30%, p<0.0001). Patients had more severe fatigue (FACT-F score < 35, 14% vs 2%, p=0.03). There was a strong correlation (p<0.001) between fatigue, the Barthel index and all the symptoms of the PORPUS, but no association with the Hb level. Conclusions: Patients treated with ADT experience more symptoms and severe fatigue than controls, but this study did not detect an effect on physical or cognitive functions. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 14941: Left Ventricular Apico-Basal Muscle Bundle Identified by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Implications for Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Christiane Gruner, Raymond H Chan, Ethan J Rowin, Melanie Care, Lynne Williams, Evan Appelbaum, Michael J Gibson, John R Lesser, Tammy S Haas, James E Udelson, Warren J Manning, Harry Rakowski, Barry J Maron, Andrew Crean, Martin S Maron
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has expanded our appreciation for the diverse myocardial phenotype of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), including unique pattern of left ventric...
Abstract 12744: O-glycosylated Pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide is Cleaved Intracellularly by Furin in Ventricular and Atrial Myocytes: Importance of the Distance between the O-glycosylation and Cleavage Sites
Authors: Toshio Nishikimi, Yasuaki Nakagawa, Naoto Minamino, Masashi Ikeda, Toshihiko Ishimitsu, Chinatsu Yamada, Kazuhiro Nakao, Yoshihiro Kuwabara, Hideyuki Kinoshita, Koichiro Kuwahara, Kenji Kangawa, Kazuwa Nakao
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Object: We investigated the molecular mechanism underlying the processing of proBNP, levels of which are increased in heart failure. Methods: Rat neonatal atrial and ventricular myocytes were cultu...
Abstract 15339: Implications of Lowering the Threshold of Plasma Troponin in the Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Nicholas L Mills, Kuan Ken Lee, David A McAllister, Antonia M Churchhouse, Margaret MacLeod, Simon Walker, Martin A Denvir, Keith A Fox, David E Newby
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: The universal definition recommends the 99th percentile of plasma troponin as the diagnostic threshold for myocardial infarction (MI) if the assay achieves a co-efficient of variation (...