tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Associations of early-life pet ownership with asthma and allergic sensitization: A meta-analysis of more than 77,000 children from the EU Child Cohort Network
Authors: Angela Pinot de Moira, Katrine Strandberg-Larsen, Tom Bishop, Marie Pedersen, Demetris Avraam, Tim Cadman, Lucinda Calas, Maribel Casas, Blandine de Lauzon Guillain, Ahmed Elhakeem, Ana Esplugues, Marisa Estarlich, Rachel E. Foong, Sido Haakma, Jennifer R. Harris, Rae-Chi Huang, Hazel Inskip, Aitana Lertxundi, Sara M. Mensink-Bout, Johanna L.T. Nader, Costanza Pizzi, Maja Popovic, Theodosia Salika, Jordi Sunyer, Evelien R. Van Meel, Morris A. Swertz, Vincent W.V. Jaddoe, Paul Burton, Liesbeth Duijts, Anne-Marie Nybo Andersen
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2022)

Studies examining associations of early-life cat and dog ownership with childhood asthma have reported inconsistent results. Several factors could explain these inconsistencies, including type of pet, timing, and degree of exposure.Our aim was to study associations of early-life cat and dog ownership with asthma in school-aged children, including the role of type (cat vs dog), timing (never, prenatal, or early childhood), and degree of ownership (number of pets owned), and the role of allergic sensitization.We used harmonized data from 77,434 mother-child dyads from 9 birth cohorts in the European Union Child Cohort Network when the child was 5 to 11 years old. Associations were examined through the DataSHIELD platform by using adjusted logistic regression models, which were fitted separately for each cohort and combined by using random effects meta-analysis.The prevalence of early-life cat and dog ownership ranged from 12% to 45% and 7% to 47%, respectively, and the prevalence of asthma ranged from 2% to 20%. There was no overall association between either cat or dog ownership and asthma (odds ratio [OR] = 0.97 [95% CI = 0.87-1.09] and 0.92 [95% CI = 0.85-1.01], respectively). Timing and degree of ownership did not strongly influence associations. Cat and dog ownership were also not associated with cat- and dog-specific allergic sensitization (OR = 0.92 [95% CI = 0.75-1.13] and 0.93 [95% CI = 0.57-1.54], respectively). However, cat- and dog-specific allergic sensitization was strongly associated with school-age asthma (OR = 6.69 [95% CI = 4.91-9.10] and 5.98 [95% CI = 3.14-11.36], respectively). There was also some indication of an interaction between ownership and sensitization, suggesting that ownership may exacerbate the risks associated with pet-specific sensitization but offer some protection against asthma in the absence of sensitization.Our findings do not support early-life cat and dog ownership in themselves increasing the risk of school-age asthma, but they do suggest that ownership may potentially exacerbate the risks associated with cat- and dog-specific allergic sensitization.
Association News
Authors: H. Augustus Wilson
Journal: JAMA (1907)

<h3>ATLANTIC CITY SESSION.</h3> The railroad rates to the annual session of the American Medical Association at Atlantic City, June 4-7, were described inThe Journal, May 4. That issue, the Atlantic City number, contained an illustrated description of Atlantic City, with the preliminary programs of the sections, lists of hotels and their prices, meeting places, etc. The rates mentioned in that issue did not refer to the Western Passenger Association, which granted one fare plus $2 for the round trip. The same rate was authorized by the Central Passenger Association. In the territory of the Trunk and the New England passenger associations the rate is one fare plus $1 for the round trip. A change has been made in the rules for transcontinental tickets from California on sale May 25 to 27. The return limit will be 60 days instead of 90 days. Other tickets, on sale May 20 and
Correction
Authors: M Penelope
Journal: BMJ (1964)

BDffMponsibilities and carry their burdens without themselves breaking under the strain.Social workers everywhere are trained to respect their clients' integrity and to en- courage them to make their own decisions with a view to helping them retain or recover their self-respect and independence as far as may be possible.Only as a last resort will a social worker seek to solve the problem by removing it-for example, by arranging insti- tutional care.Moreover, the importance they attach to the uniqueness of the individual, whoever he may be and whatever his circumstances, which is a basic principle of social casework, helps to counteract the tendency to standardization which is a recognized risk arising from the size and complexity of the social services.Admittedly, the developments just described do not and cannot go all the way to overcoming the tendency, to which all of us are liable in greater or lesser degree, to accept what is given and rely on others to see us through our difficulties, and any attempt to alleviate distress by collective provisions involves the risk of encouraging this, but I think it right, especially in view of the quota- tions cited by Pertinax, to draw attention to the fact that the most recent developments in the social services are directed towards giving individuals and families (to quote the Child- ren and Young Persons Act, 1963) "professional advice, guidance and assistance," which, it is hoped, will encourage and enable them to cope with their difficulties without forfeiting their independence and self-respect.
21st ESICM Annual Congress
Authors: M Miranda, P Sousa, A Sa, M Andrade, A Grac, M Santos, R Antunes, C Dias, A Carneiro, E Gomes, K Arvaniti, D Lathyris, E Synnefaki, M Nastou, E Blougoura, P Papakonstantinou, D Matamis, J Pereira, J Paiva, E Silva, O Ribeiro, A Pereira, V Metaxa
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2008)

INTRODUCTION.Cardiac Arrest (CA) is an important cause of death, 50 percent occurring outside hospitals.One-half of these patients are found in Ventricular Fibrillation (VF) or pulseless ventricular taquicardia.Within this group, better survival is achieved with early defibrillation (less than four to eight minutes).Early BLS is also associated with better survival, by delaying the deterioration of the cardiac rhythm to asystole.METHODS.Case report. RESULTS. We describe the case of a 80 years old man, who suffered CA shortly after arrival to his local health department, for an appointment with his GP.Several weeks before he began to suffer from typical effort angina and that day he was feeling unwell.Basic Life Support (BLS) was started promptly and an Advance Life Support (ALS) team was requested through the national emergency number.Nine minutes after, ALS team arrived and confirmed CA, with VF.The victim was defibrillated with a 200 J shock and BLS resumed.When orotracheal intubation was attempted, masseter muscle contraction was noticed, so BLS was discontinued for reevaluation.The rhythm had become a wide QRS tachycardia with pulse and the victim recovered spontaneous breathing.Partial consciousness was recovered (Glasgow Coma Score: 11).On physical examination blood pressure was 133/62 mmHg, heart rate 130 bpm and pulse oximetry 97%.The patient was transferred to an emergency department.Half an hour later, as he recovered consciousness fully, he complained of chest pain.The ECG showed a sinus rhythm with a heart rate of 75, right bundle branch block and ST segment depression in in leads V4 to V6. Laboratorial tests showed cardiac troponine I 0.78 ng/ml.A coronary angiography performed urgently, disclosed significant left main plus three vessel -coronary artery disease.Left anterior descending artery (LAD) was occluded, with late retrograde flow.Eighteen hours after the CA, a quadruple coronary artery bypass grafting operation was undertaken.During surgery, a fresh thrombus was removed from the proximal LAD.Post-operative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged on day 7 after the procedure.Sixteen months later, he remains asymptomatic.CONCLUSION.This case illustrates the possibility of a happy end after an episode of sudden CA, in an old patient with undiagnosed severe coronary artery disease and presumable acute coronary syndrome.Although ALS was started nine minutes after the witnessed collapse, return of spontaneous circulation after the first defibrillation and prompt breathing recovery contributed to the success of the resuscitation maneuvers.The fact that CA occurred in a health care facility allowed prompt BLS, which contributed to the recovery.Furthermore, the speed in the detection and treatment of the acute reversible cause (myocardial ischemia in this case) was crucial for long-term prognosis.
Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike receptor binding domain IgG antibody responses after CoronaVac, BNT162b2, ChAdOx1 COVID-19 vaccines, and a single booster dose: a prospective, longitudinal population-based study
Authors: Burc Barin, Ulus Kasap, Ferda Selçuk, Ender Volkan, Özge Uluçkan
Journal: The Lancet Microbe (2022)

Vaccination is an efficient strategy to control the COVID-19 pandemic. In north Cyprus, vaccine distribution started with CoronaVac followed by BNT162b2, and ChAdOx1 vaccines. An option to obtain a third booster dose with BNT162b2 or CoronaVac was later offered to people fully inoculated with CoronaVac. There are few simultaneous and comparative real-world antibody data for these three vaccines as well as boosters after CoronaVac vaccination. Our study was aimed at evaluating antibody responses after these vaccination schemes.
Plasma serotonin and migraine headache
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Proceedings of The Thoracic Society
Journal: Thorax (1976)

the University of Liverpool.Summaries of the papers are given below. Pulmonary hypertensionJ. M. KAY The phenomenon of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension in man living at high altitude was first described by Rotta et al. ( 1956) in Peru who found that the mean pulmonary artery pressure in seven residents of Morococha (4540 m) was 25 mmHg compared with a value of 12 mmHg in residents of Lima (152 m).A regression equation has been devised for predicting pulmonary artery pressure at various altitudes in Latin America but there is great indivi- dual variation in the pressure found in different sub- jects living at the same altitude.The pulmonary artery pressure in residents of Leadville, Colorado (3110 m) is higher than predicted on the basis of Latin Ameri- can experience and exceeds the pressure found at 3720 m in Peru.This is probably related to the fact that the Leadville community was established only 100 years ago, and very few families have lived there for more than two generations, whereas the Indian population of the Andes has lived at high altitude over the past 9000 years.People and animals living at high altitude have right ventricular hypertrophy and an abnormal muscularization of their pulmonary arterioles when compared with their sea level counter- parts.Chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension and the associated pulmonary vascular changes are revers- ible (Abraham et al., 1971).When high altitude resi- dents descend to sea level, the electrocardiographic signs of right ventricular hypertrophy and the pul- monary hypertension regress after several months.Pulmonary hypertension develops in animals exposed to high altitude but there is considerable species varia- tion.Cattle are particularly susceptible and may develop right heart failure ('brisket disease') if grazed at altitudes over 2130 m.The mechanism whereby alveolar hypoxia produces pulmonary vasoconstriction remains elusive.It is a local phenomenon since it occurs in isolated perfused lungs.Alveolar hypoxia may cause the release of a vasoconstrictor substance from a site in the lung parenchyma close to small pulmonary arteries (Kay et al., 1974).
KASL clinical practice guidelines: management of chronic hepatitis B
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2016)

AimsThe clinical practice guidelines for the management of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) were first presented in 2004 by the Korean Association for the Study of the Liver (KASL), and were revised in 2007 and 2011.The American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) published their guidelines in 2015, the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) in 2012, the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL) in 2015 and the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2015.These guidelines carry some variations due to ethnic differences and different medical environments.Therefore, there is a demand for Korean practice guidelines which reflect medical practice in Korea.Problems with emergence of drug resistant mutation are eminent in Korea and the KASL updated their guidelines regarding the management of antiviral resistant mutation in 2014.In 2015, the objective of this manuscript was to update the recommendations for management of CHB, including epidemiology, prevention, natural history, diagnosis, treatment, monitoring, drug resistance mutations and treatment of special populations discussed herein based on current evidences or if, evidences lack, on expert opinions after deliberation. KASL clinical practice guidelines: management of chronic hepatitis BThe Korean Association for the Study of the Liver (KASL)*
Biology of basal cell carcinoma (Part II)
Authors: Stanley J. Miller
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1991)

Host-tumor relationships involve several factors that can enhance or suppress neoplastic growth. This second part of a review of basal cell carcinoma biology examines the role that hormones, cytokines, local and systemic immunity, congenital and genetic syndromes, and environmental factors play in the development of this neoplasm. Theories of etiology and pathogenesis are discussed, and transplantation and cell culture techniques used to study this cancer are explored. Valuable second-line therapies for treatment of multiple tumors are reviewed, and important areas of present and future research are emphasized. Host-tumor relationships involve several factors that can enhance or suppress neoplastic growth. This second part of a review of basal cell carcinoma biology examines the role that hormones, cytokines, local and systemic immunity, congenital and genetic syndromes, and environmental factors play in the development of this neoplasm. Theories of etiology and pathogenesis are discussed, and transplantation and cell culture techniques used to study this cancer are explored. Valuable second-line therapies for treatment of multiple tumors are reviewed, and important areas of present and future research are emphasized.
Oesophageal atresia
Authors: Marinde van Lennep, Maartje M. J. Singendonk, Luigi Dall’Oglio, Fréderic Gottrand, Usha Krishnan, Suzanne W. J. Terheggen-Lagro, Taher I. Omari, Marc A. Benninga, Michiel P. van Wijk
Journal: Nature Reviews Disease Primers (2019)
Functional dyspepsia
Authors: Paul Enck, Fernando Azpiroz, Guy Boeckxstaens, Sigrid Elsenbruch, Christine Feinle-Bisset, Gerald Holtmann, Jeffrey M. Lackner, Jukka Ronkainen, Michael Schemann, Andreas Stengel, Jan Tack, Stephan Zipfel, Nicholas J. Talley
Journal: Nature Reviews Disease Primers (2017)
Brain metastases
Authors: Achal Singh Achrol, Robert C. Rennert, Carey Anders, Riccardo Soffietti, Manmeet S. Ahluwalia, Lakshmi Nayak, Solange Peters, Nils D. Arvold, Griffith R. Harsh, Patricia S. Steeg, Steven D. Chang
Journal: Nature Reviews Disease Primers (2019)
Smoking status affects chemotherapy-induced neutropenia
Authors: L. R. Laufman, H. Spiridonidis, H. Laufman, L. Baker, P. Kuebler, D. Young
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

8097 Background: A regimen of gemcitabine (G) and docetaxel (T) was tested concurrently in 39 patients with breast and 40 with lung cancer, and different toxicity profiles were observed. Multivariate analysis incorporating cancer type, gender, age and prior treatment showed that grade 4 neutropenia was seen more frequently among non-smokers, (p=0.03). Pharmacokinetic effect of smoking status on the clearance of both drugs was examined. G is cleared via renal excretion, and is affected by age and gender, but not by smoking status. T is metabolized by the enzyme cytochrome p450 3A4 (cyp 3A4), whose activity is not associated with smoking status, as demonstrated by measurement of erythromycin breath tests in a separate cohort of 79 sarcoma patients. Interactions between smoking and absolute neutrophil count (ANC) were investigated further. Methods: Charts of 466 patients treated with G and/or T in a single outpatient facility were reviewed. Cohorts were defined by drug dose and regimen. Within each cohort, mean ANC on cycle 1 day 8 was tested for association with smoking status and gender. Results: Compared to non-smokers, smokers had higher ANC after single agent G 800-1200/m2, or after G plus T 100/m2 (p=0.01),** but had lower ANC after single agent T 75 or 100/m2. Smokers treated with G plus T 75/m2 had higher ANC than did those treated with the same dose of T alone (p=0.01).* Gender had no effect on these observations. Conclusions: Smokers have higher ANC when treated with G, either alone or with T, but have lower ANC when treated with T alone. The addition of G to T in smokers results in improved ANC. These associations may be explained on the basis of the increased proliferation rate of myeloid progenitor cells, which has been reported in smokers. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Eli Lilly & Co. Eli Lilly & Co.; Aventis
Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Margaret A. Tempero, J. Pablo Arnoletti, Stephen Behrman, Edgar Ben-Josef, Al B. Benson, Jordan D. Berlin, John L. Cameron, Ephraim S. Casper, Steven J. Cohen, Michelle Duff, Joshua D.I. Ellenhorn, William G. Hawkins, John P. Hoffman, Boris W. Kuvshinoff, Mokenge P. Malafa, Peter Muscarella, Eric K. Nakakura, Aaron R. Sasson, Sarah P. Thayer, Douglas S. Tyler, Robert S. Warren, Samuel Whiting, Christopher Willett, Robert A. Wolff
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2010)

NCCN Categories of Evidence and ConsensusCategory 1: The recommendation is based on high-level evidence (e.g., randomized controlled trials) and there is uniform NCCN consensus.Category 2A: The recommendation is based on lowerlevel evidence and there is uniform NCCN consensus.Category 2B: The recommendation is based on lowerlevel evidence and there is nonuniform NCCN consensus (but no major disagreement).Category 3: The recommendation is based on any level of evidence but reflects major disagreement.All recommendations are category 2A unless otherwise noted.Clinical trials: NCCN believes that the best management for any cancer patient is in a clinical trial.Participation in clinical trials is especially encouraged.
Neoplasien
Authors: Stefan Diederich
Journal: Thorax (2003)

Benigne Tumoren der Lunge sind sehr selten und lassen sich in der Regel nur histologisch diagnostizieren. Dagegen kommen Pseudotumoren häufiger vor und können zumindest teilweise aufgrund ihrer typischen radiologischen Befunde nichtinvasiv diagnostiziert werden. Häufigster primärer maligner Lungentumor ist das Bronchialkarzinom. Die radiologische Diagnostik spielt eine entscheidende Rolle in Früherkennung, Diagnose und Staging. Lungenmetastasen und Lungenmanifestationen maligner Lymphome stellen die häufigsten sekundären malignen Lungentumoren dar. Die Lymphangiosis carcinomatosa lässt sich anhand ihrer oft nahezu pathognomonischen Befunde in der hochauflösenden Computertomographie häufig von anderen infiltrativen Lungenerkrankungen differenzieren. Bei Diagnose solitärer oder multipler Lungenrundherde erlauben radiologische Verfahren oft die Klassifizierung in benigne oder maligne Herde. Vielfach ist jedoch eine histologische Klärung unvermeidlich.
Columbia Classification Algorithm of Suicide Assessment (C-CASA): Classification of Suicidal Events in the FDA’s Pediatric Suicidal Risk Analysis of Antidepressants
Authors: Kelly Posner, Maria A. Oquendo, Madelyn Gould, Barbara Stanley, Mark Davies
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2007)

Objective: To evaluate the link between antidepressants and suicidal behavior and ideation (suicidality) in youth, adverse events from pediatric clinical trials were classified in order to identify suicidal events. The authors describe the Columbia Classification Algorithm for Suicide Assessment (C-CASA), a standardized suicidal rating system that provided data for the pediatric suicidal risk analysis of antidepressants conducted by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Method: Adverse events (N=427) from 25 pediatric antidepressant clinical trials were systematically identified by pharmaceutical companies. Randomly assigned adverse events were evaluated by three of nine independent expert suicidologists using the Columbia classification algorithm. Reliability of the C-CASA ratings and agreement with pharmaceutical company classification were estimated. Results: Twenty-six new, possibly suicidal events (behavior and ideation) that were not originally identified by pharmaceutical companies were identified in the C-CASA, and 12 events originally labeled as suicidal by pharmaceutical companies were eliminated, which resulted in a total of 38 discrepant ratings. For the specific label of “suicide attempt,” a relatively low level of agreement was observed between the C-CASA and pharmaceutical company ratings, with the C-CASA reporting a 50% reduction in ratings. Thus, although the C-CASA resulted in the identification of more suicidal events overall, fewer events were classified as suicide attempts. Additionally, the C-CASA ratings were highly reliable (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]=0.89). Conclusions: Utilizing a methodical, anchored approach to categorizing suicidality provides an accurate and comprehensive identification of suicidal events. The FDA’s audit of the C-CASA demonstrated excellent transportability of this approach. The Columbia algorithm was used to classify suicidal adverse events in the recent FDA adult antidepressant safety analyses and has also been mandated to be applied to all anticonvulsant trials and other centrally acting agents and nonpsychotropic drugs.