Abstract 1345: Pharmacodynamic biomarkers for Pim inhibition with TP-3654 in patients with solid tumors
Authors: Curtis A. Allred, Yuta Matsumura, Ethika Tyagi, Mark Wade, Clifford Whatcott, Jason Foulks, Adam Siddiqui, David J. Bearss, Steven L. Warner
Journal: Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract Proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus-1 (Pim-1) is a serine/threonine kinase downstream of Jak/Stat signaling which promotes cell growth, survival, and drug resistance. Pim-1 kinase is an important driver of tumorigenesis and tumor survival through its role in a number of downstream pathways, including inhibition of apoptosis through phosphorylation of the BH3-only protein BAD. Pim-1 is expressed at very low levels in most normal tissues, but is overexpressed in many cancers, such as prostate, colorectal, and many hematologic malignancies. Pim-1 kinase activity is constitutive and therefore directly proportional to protein expression. As such, Pim-1 is an attractive therapeutic target. TP-3654 is a second-generation, oral Pim inhibitor currently in Phase I clinical trials in solid tumors and myelofibrosis (NCT03715504 and NCT04176198). TP-3654 inhibits all three Pim kinases, with Ki values for Pim-1 (5nM), and Pim-2 and Pim-3 &amp;lt250 nM in a biochemical assay. Treatment with TP-3654 in Jurkat and HEL cell lines showed dose-dependent modulation of the downstream targets of PIM, such as pS6K and pBad. A dose-dependent increase of TP-3654 Cmax was observed in plasma and subcutaneous PC-3 xenograft tumors in animals dosed orally at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg with Tmax at 1 hour. Animals bearing HEL tumors were dosed similarly and Cmax values increased in a dose-dependent manner with Tmax at 2 hours. Plasma and tumor TP-3654 concentrations were above the measurement threshold out to 24 hours post dose. We further explored pharmacodynamic biomarkers of Pim inhibition (pBad, pS6K, and pS6RP) in flash frozen (FF) tumor tissue at various time points in both models by western blot and saw a maximum of 40% decrease in phosphorylated S6K at 2 hours, and an 80% decrease in pBad at 8 hrs in PC3 xenograft tumors in mice treated with 100 mg/kg of TP-3654. We hypothesized that treatment with TP-3654 would modulate Pim signaling in both cancer cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). This allows for detection of pharmacodynamic markers using repeated peripheral blood draws instead of invasive biopsies. We treated PBMCs from multiple healthy human donors with TP-3654 ex vivo at 0.3 and 3 µM to assess the movement of Pim biomarkers. Two phosphorylation markers, pS6K and pS6RP consistently exhibited dose-dependent decreases (30-70%) as measured by western blot. Inhibition of pBad was dependent on pretreatment phosphorylation state. These results were confirmed in an automated western blot system. Citation Format: Curtis A. Allred, Yuta Matsumura, Ethika Tyagi, Mark Wade, Clifford Whatcott, Jason Foulks, Adam Siddiqui, David J. Bearss, Steven L. Warner. Pharmacodynamic biomarkers for Pim inhibition with TP-3654 in patients with solid tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 1345.