tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Endocrine Receptors
Authors: V. C. Medvei
Journal: BMJ (1947)

mented in a very valuable article on the benefits he has observed in skin and other diseases from the use of vitamin K analogue, and recently in " Any Questions " in the Journal (Jan.11, p. 77) your expert stated that vitamin K seemed " to exercise a bene- ficial effect in some cases of perniosis-and this was borne out in the case I am recording where the patient said his cold feet were warmer after taking the drug.May I therefore sug- gest that vitamin K analogue shiould be given a trial in Behcet's syndrome and the result of such treatment recorded.-Iam, etc., Paignton.
StatBite: Comparing Radiation Doses From Screening Procedures
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2010)

A standard low-dose spiral, or helical, CT scan as used in the National Lung Screening Trial delivers a small amount of radiation to several organs in the body, primarily the lung (4 mSv) and the breast (4 mSv) but also the red bone marrow, stomach, liver and pancreas (each about 1 mSv).A standard screening mammogram results in a similar radiation exposure to both breasts (about 4 mSv) but the doses to all other organs are negligible (less than 0.1 mSv).In this chart, the total whole body effective dose is calculated as a weighted average of the dose to each organ.*As used in the National Lung Screening Trial.
Starling's Principles of Human Physiology
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Loss of YTHDF1 in gastric tumors restores sensitivity to antitumor immunity by recruiting mature dendritic cells
Authors: Xiaowu Bai, Chi Chun Wong, Yasi Pan, Huarong Chen, Weixin Liu, Jianning Zhai, Wei Kang, Yu Shi, Masami Yamamoto, Tetsuya Tsukamoto, Sachiyo Nomura, Philip Chiu, Jun Yu, Enders Kwok-wai Ng
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2022)

Background Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancer worldwide. We analyzed the expression of m 6 A regulatory genes in GC cohorts and revealed that YTHDF1 was uniquely upregulated in GC as compared with adjacent normal tissues. In this study, we analyzed the role of YTHDF1 in GC cells and modulation of the tumor immune microenvironment. Methods Three GC cohorts (cohort 1, n=101; cohort 2, n=278, and the Cancer Genome Atlas cohort, n=375) were analyzed for YTHDF1 expression. Function of YTHDF1 in GC was determined in GC cell lines. Role of YTHDF1 in antitumor immunity was investigated in allograft models. Results YTHDF1 is upregulated in GC compared with adjacent normal tissues, and high YTHDF1 expression was correlated with poor survival of patients with GC at mRNA (p=0.016) and protein levels (p=0.039). Loss of YTHDF1 in human (AGS, BGC823, MKN74) or mouse (YTN16) GC cell lines inhibited cell growth and colony formation in vitro. Strikingly, syngeneic YTN16 tumors with loss of YTHDF1 underwent complete remission in immunocompetent mice, while a lesser effect was found in immunodeficient mice. Consistently, YTHDF1 loss in GC tumors led to recruitment of mature dendritic cells (DCs) with increased MHCII expression and interleukin-12 (IL-12) secretion, which in turn, promoted CD4 + and CD8 + T cells infiltration with increased interferon-γ (IFN-γ) secretion. Loss of YTHDF1 mediated the overexpression of IFN-γ receptor 1 and JAK/STAT1 signaling pathway in tumor cells, which might contribute to restored sensitivity to antitumor immunity. In addition, pre-emptive exposure of YTN16 tumors with YTHDF1 loss triggered a potent antitumor immune response on rechallenge with wild-type YTN16 cells, implying that YTHDF1 loss induced a lasting systemic antitumor immunity. Conclusions YTHDF1 is overexpressed in GC and promotes GC by inducing cell proliferation and repression of DCs-mediated antitumor immune response. YTHDF1 is a promising therapeutic target for GC treatment.
Physician and patient perceptions on randomization of treatment intensity for unfit adults with acute myeloid leukemia and other high-grade myeloid neoplasm
Authors: Anna B. Halpern, Megan Othus, Genevieve Alcorn, Zahra Ali, Kelsey-Leigh A. Garcia, Mary-Elizabeth M. Percival, Siobán B. Keel, Ryan D. Cassaday, Pamela S. Becker, Elihu H. Estey, Roland B. Walter
Journal: Leukemia (2022)
Personal Hygiene for Women.
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Food Poisoning
Authors: E. R. Jones
Journal: BMJ (1937)

MEDICAL JOURNAL, karyocytes, and nucleated red cells were numerous in the red marrow.Spectroscopic examination of the blood for sUlphaemoglobinaemia was negative.Death was considered to be due to agranulocytic angina with septicaemia. DiscussionBetween May 3 and 21 54 grammes of prontosil album were given.Agranulocvtosis developed some time between Nlay 20 and 25.A feature of the case was the failure of serial leucocyte counts to give warning of the impending disaster, the changes being merely those of a progressively active infection.An increased output of young polymorphs (Arneth classes I + II, Table II) was well maintained till May 20, after which a rapid failure in their production evidently occurred.The types of myeloid bone marrow found in cases of agranulocytosis include aplastic, normal, and hyperplastic varieties (Beck, 1933).The present case belongs definitely to the aplastic type.Of the various drugs administered, chloral and the bar- biturates do not contain the benzene ring.' Barbiturates have been frequently used in association with amidopyrine in recorded cases, and an adjuvant effect has been sug- gested, but available evidence is against their being in- dependently effective.Salicylates contain the benzene ring with no amino group; there is little evidence that they can cause agranulocytosis, and in any case none had been g,ven within twenty-four days of the onset of the condition.Kracke (1932) produced experimental agrantulocvtosis in rabbits with benzene, but concluded that oxidation products were probably responsible.Kracke and Parker (1934) later recorded that there was constantly increasing evidence that the condition was caused for the most part by easily oxidizable benzene-ring drugs.Marshall, Emerson, and Cutting (1937) have investigated the excretion of sulphanilamide, and found that 100 per cent. of the daily dose could frequently be recovered in the urine as free sulphanilamide and a conjugated form- para-acetylaminobenzene sulphonamide.They add, however, that it is possible under certain conditions that a small amouLnt is excreted in some other form or eliminated through some other channel than the kidiieys.They showed in a case with impaired renal fuLnction that there was delay in excretion of the drug.Cases of agranulocytosis have been recorded in which no drugs appear to have been taken and no obvioLus catuse could be found, so that a definite conclusion in regard to the causation in the present case is not justified.Summary 1.A case of fatal agranulocytic angina is recorded.2. The bone marrow showed complete myeloid aplasia.3. The only benzene-ring drug administered within twenty-four days of the development of agranulocytosis was sulphanilamide.4. The agranulocytosis appeared to be either of the idiopathic tvpe of unknown aetiology or to be due to sulphanilamide.
Patient-reported experience of diagnosis, management, and burden of renal cell carcinomas: Results &gt;2,000 patients in 41 countries, with focus on older patients.
Authors: Rachel H. Giles, Lorenzo Marconi, Robin Martinez, Deborah Maskens, Karin Kastrati, Carlos Castro, Juan Carlo Julian Mauro, Robert Bick, Daniel Yick Chin Heng, James Larkin, Axel Bex, Eric Jonasch, Sara Jane Maclennan, Michael A.S. Jewett
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

306 Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is increasing in global prevalence, thereby increasing burden to health systems, and most of all, to individual patients and their families. Little is known about the variations in patient experience and best practices among countries. Here, we report on the second biennial Global Patient Survey on the diagnosis, management, and burden of Renal Cell Carcinomas conducted by the International Kidney Coalition (IKCC) worldwide in 13 languages. The aim of the survey was to improve collective understanding and to contribute toward the reduction of the burden of kidney cancer around the world. Methods: A 35-question survey on the diagnosis, management, and burden of RCC was designed by a multi-country steering committee to identify geographic variations in 6 topics: patient education, experience and awareness, access to care and clinical trials, best practices, quality of life, and unmet psychosocial needs. The survey was distributed to patients with kidney cancer and their caregivers in 13 languages, through IKCC’s 46 Affiliate Organisations and social media from 29 Oct 2020 to 5 Jan 2021. Results: 2,012 responses came from 41 countries. Survey results were analysed using cross-tabulations by an independent third-party organisation. The full global report is publicly available, as well as 7 individual country reports where at least 100 responses were received. 42% reported that the likelihood of surviving their cancer beyond 5 years was not explained Just over half (51%) reported that they were involved as much as they wanted to be in developing their treatment plan. 56% experienced barriers to their treatment 41% indicated that “No one” discussed cancer clinical trials with them 31% were invited to take part in a clinical trial 45% self-reported that they were insufficiently active 50% indicated that they ‘very often’ or ‘always’ experienced disease-related anxiety. 26% ‘very often’ or ‘always’ experienced stress related to financial issues 55% indicated that they ‘very often’ or ‘always’ experienced a fear of recurrence 52% reported having talked to their doctor/healthcare professional about their concerns 48% had been offered a biopsy in the past with only 3% refusing; 47% would be willing to undergo biopsy in the future Patients aged ≤65 experienced more barriers to quality care, understood their disease less well, and experienced a longer time to diagnosis. Conclusions: The IKCC and its global affiliates will be using the results to ensure that patients’ voices are heard. Actionable points will suggest future projects. Individual countries can use their reports to advance their understanding of patient experiences and to improve local care.
Vaccines alone will not prevent COVID-19 outbreaks among migrant workers—the example of meat processing plants
Authors: Gabriel E. Fabreau, Linda Holdbrook, Cheryl E. Peters, Paul E. Ronksley, Amir Attaran, Kerry McBrien, Kevin Pottie
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2022)

BackgroundMigrant populations in high-income countries have faced myriad health and social inequities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Migrants often work in frontline essential services that expose them to COVID-19. Migrant workers in meat processing plants have endured large COVID-19 outbreaks across multiple countries.ObjectivesWe examine current scientific evidence around COVID-19 transmission, outcomes, and prevention for migrant workers and highlight meat processing plants as an example.SourcesWe performed a series of PubMed searches between January 1, 2020 and January 12, 2022.ContentMigrant workers in high-income countries often work in occupations at high risk for COVID-19 transmission, contract COVID-19 at higher rates, and experience worse outcomes than native-born counterparts. For example, meat processing plants represent almost ideal environments for rapid and large-scale SARS-CoV-2 viral transmission; often, large migrant workforces confined to small workspaces perform physically demanding work in noisy environments that require shouting to communicate, increasing workers' respiratory rates and the quantity of aerosolized droplets expelled and thus increasing viral transmission risk. Although enhanced vaccination outreach programs remain an important equity approach for migrant worker safety, they alone are insufficient. The emergence and rapid spread of multiple increasingly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern with variable vaccine escape properties, including Omicron in November 2021, highlight the importance of improved infection prevention and control strategies to protect migrant workers. Across countries, strategies such as improving ventilation and mask quality in many high-risk occupational settings are already required by employment law. Universal mandatory vaccination program should also be considered.ImplicationsCOVID-19 transmission prevention for migrant workers requires an aggressive multicomponent plan that includes (a) improved on-site ventilation and infection prevention and control strategies; (b) improved social supports such as paid sick leave; (c) mobile vaccination clinics and community engagement to overcome vaccine hesitancy and barriers; and (d) consideration of universal mandatory vaccination programs.
Practical Physiological Chemistry, A Book Designed for Use in Courses in Practical Physiological Chemistry in Schools of Medicine and Science.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Using computers.
Authors: B. Benjamin
Journal: BMJ (1968)

mOURNAL prevent the escape of gas.An enema admini- stered in the supine position may occasionally force fluid into the loop, but gas will be un- able to escape.In the early stages of the obstruction, peristaltic contractions in the gut proximal to the distended loop may also have a similar effect.However, if the patient is placed in the prone position the fluid-gas A) relationship will be reversed, thereby provid- ing a more favourable situation for the escape of gas from the distended loop.In a small number of patients a simple enema administered in the prone position has been successful in relieving a colonic volvulus, and it would certainly seem worth trying this pro- cedure in the early stage of a suspected volvulus.Moreover, this simple technique is also applicable to volvulus of the splenic flexure, which is out of reach of the sigmoido- scope.-Iam, etc.,
Surrogacy.
Authors: P Steptoe
Journal: BMJ (1987)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) is a sustainable carbon feedstock source for aerobic CH<sub>4</sub>-oxidizing bacteria (methanotrophs) to produce value-added chemicals. Under substrate-limited (e.g., CH<sub>4</sub>, oxygen and nitrogen) conditions, CH<sub>4</sub> oxidation results in the production of various short-chain organic acids and platform chemicals. These CH<sub>4</sub>-derived products could be broadened by utilizing them as a feedstock for heterotrophic bacteria. As a proof of concept, a two-stage system for CH<sub>4</sub> abatement and 1-alkene production was developed in this study. Types I and II methanotrophs, i.e., <i>Methylobacter tundripaludum</i> SV96 and <i>Methylocystis rosea</i> SV97, respectively, were investigated in batch tests under different CH<sub>4</sub> and air supplementation schemes. CH<sub>4</sub> oxidation under either microaerobic or aerobic conditions induced the production of formate, acetate, succinate, and malate in <i>M. tundripaludum</i> SV96, accounting for 4.8-7.0% of consumed CH<sub>4</sub>-carbon while <i>M. rosea</i> SV97 produced the same compounds except for malate, and with lower efficiency than <i>M. tundripaludum</i> SV96, accounting for 0.7-1.8% of consumed CH<sub>4</sub>-carbon For the first time, the organic acids-rich spent media of methanotrophs were successfully used for 1-alkene production using engineered <i>Acinetobacter baylyi</i> ADP1 ‘<i>tesA-undA</i> cells. The highest yield of 1-undecene was obtained from spent medium of <i>M. tundripaludum</i> SV96 at 68.9 ± 11.6 μmol mol C<sub>substrate</sub><sup>−1</sup>.
Bornholm Disease
Authors: J. H. S. Hopkins
Journal: BMJ (1950)

NIEDICAL JOURNAL difference between the groups in the degree of streptomycin resistance shown by the bacilli.0 It is concluded that 1 g. of streptomycin a day in a single injection, without intermission of treatment, is the most satis- factory way of giving the drug in pulmonary tuberculosis.The relation of the emergence of streptomycin-resistant tubercle bacilli to the positivity of the sputum, and to various other factors, has been examined.We are grateful to Dr. J. 0. Irwin for assistance in the design of this trial; to Dr. L. G. Blair, who kindly made the radiographic assessments; and to the nursing staff of Brompton and Colindale Hospitals, who cheerfully undertook the added burden of work.
Marginal-Zone Lymphomas
Authors: Davide Rossi, Francesco Bertoni, Emanuele Zucca
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2022)

The third most common lymphoma, MZL is usually indolent and often a consequence of chronic antigenic stimulation from a pathogen such as Helicobacter pylori or hepatitis C virus. Some MZLs regress with treatment of the infection. Patients with genetic lesions are treated with chemoimmunotherapy.
Phase 3 VERACITY clinical study of sabizabulin in men with metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer who have progressed on an androgen receptor targeting agent.
Authors: Robert Dreicer, Franklin Chu, David J Cahn, Robert H. Getzenberg, Domingo Rodriguez, K. Gary Barnette, Mitchell S. Steiner, Daniel R. Saltzstein, Ronald F. Tutrone, Neal D. Shore
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

TPS217 Background: Sabizabulin is a first-in-class, oral agent that inhibits microtubule polymerization disrupting the cytoskeleton and arresting cellular proliferation. In prostate cancer, targeted inhibition of microtubule polymerization further blocks the transport of the androgen receptor into the nucleus. A phase 1b/2 clinical study was conducted to establish the MTD and evaluate the preliminary efficacy in men with metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) who progressed on at least one androgen receptor targeting agent (ARTA). The most common AEs reported were mild to moderate diarrhea, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting with no clinically relevant neurotoxicity or neutropenia. In the phase 1b/2, in all evaluable patients that would qualify for the VERACITY study (n=26), the ORR was 23.1%. Median radiographic progression free survival was &gt;12 months (range 6-28+ months) in the phase 1b portion including responses &gt;two years. The revised formulation for use in the Phase 3 study, with improved bioavailability, is 32mg PO qd. Methods: VERACITY is an ongoing phase 3 multicenter, randomized, active-control study designed to evaluate sabizabulin in the treatment of mCRPC who have progressed on at least one ARTA. Patients on the study will be chemotherapy naive. Subjects (n=245) are being randomized in a 2:1 ratio to receive sabizabulin (32 mg/d oral) or active control (alternative ARTA) and will remain on study until radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS). Randomization will be stratified by: measurable disease vs. bone-only disease and by prior exposure to ARTA (progressed on one vs more than one prior ARTA). The primary efficacy endpoint of the study is median rPFS. Secondary endpoints include: objective response rate (ORR), duration of objective response, overall survival and time to intravenous (IV) chemotherapy. The phase 3, VERACITY registration clinical trial is current ongoing in approximately 45 clinical sites with enrollment anticipated to be completed in 2022 and with unblinded results presented in 2023. Based upon the phase 1b/2 clinical trial, sabizabulin daily chronic oral dosing has a favorable safety profile, is feasible to administer chronically, and has significant and durable antitumor activity. Metastatic prostate cancer that has become refractory to newer generation ARTAs and prior to IV chemotherapy, remains an urgent unmet medical need for patients with advanced disease. Sabizabulin is an exciting first-in-class agent that will add to the armamentarium for the treatment of metastatic castration and ARTA resistant prostate cancer. Clinical trial information: NCT04844749.
The Chromosome 13 Conundrum in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Brian A. Walker
Journal: Blood Cancer Discovery (2020)

Abstract Summary: In this issue of Blood Cancer Discovery, Chesi and colleagues have performed a series of mouse experiments, combined with patient sample analysis, to delineate the role of del(13) in multiple myeloma. They identify loss of the miRNA cluster MIR15A/16-1 as critical for myelomagenesis and progression of disease. See related article by Chesi et al., p. 68.