tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The relationship between body fluid volume, sodium ion concentration, and sensitivity to pressor effect of angiotensin II in dogs.
Authors: A WCowley, T ELohmeier
Journal: Circulation Research (1978)

Extracellular fluid volume, plasma electrolyes, and plasma angiotensin II (A II) were individually controlled to determine their influence on the acute pressor responsiveness to A II. Hemodialysis of nephrectomized dogs was used to simulate and control the changes of major variables which occur in the intact state during changes in sodium balance. A II dose-pressure response curves were determined in 11 dogs at three volume states with plasma [Na+] maintained constant and in five dogs at low, normal, and high plasma [Na+] with body fluid volume maintained constant. Parallel shifts of the log dose-response curves were obtained in the three volume states. The same rise in arterial pressure with identical doses of A II was obtained at normal, contracted, and expanded volume states, with the change of arterial pressure based on the uncompensated basal pressure level at each volume state. When the fall in pressure observed during volume depletion was returned to control levels with norepinephrine, there was no...
Effect of increased availability of endothelium-derived nitric oxide precursor on endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation in normal subjects and in patients with essential hypertension.
Authors: J APanza, P RCasino, D MBadar, A AQuyyumi
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDPatients with essential hypertension have a deficit in the endothelium-derived nitric oxide system that results in impaired endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation. The objective of this study was to determine whether this abnormality is caused by a deficiency of substrate for nitric oxide synthesis.METHODS AND RESULTSThe vascular responses to acetylcholine (an endothelium-dependent vasodilator infused at 7.5, 15, and 30 micrograms/min) and sodium nitroprusside (a direct smooth muscle dilator infused at 0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 micrograms/min) were studied during combined administration of dextrose 5% or L-arginine (substrate for nitric oxide synthesis infused at 40 mumol/min) in 12 normal control subjects (seven men and five women; age, 49.3 +/- 7 years) and 14 hypertensive patients (nine men and five women; age, 48.4 +/- 7 years). In addition, the effect of D-arginine (stereoisomer of arginine that is not a precursor of nitric oxide) on the vascular responses to acetylcholine was studied in eight n...
Effect of perfusate [Ca2+] on cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release channel in isolated rat hearts.
Authors: A EAbdelmeguid, J JFeher
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

The effect of perfusate [Ca2+] on the function of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (CSR) was assessed by the oxalate-supported Ca2+ uptake rate of ventricular homogenates of isolated rat hearts maintained in a modified Langendorff preparation. The total Ca2+ pumping activity of the CSR was determined by using 20 microM ruthenium red or 625 microM ryanodine to close the CSR Ca2+ release channel. The homogenate Ca2+ uptake rate in the absence of ruthenium red or ryanodine decreased progressively with increasing perfusate [Ca2+] (25.7 +/- 1.2, 21.4 +/- 1.5, 17.2 +/- 1.1, and 16.3 +/- 1.2 [mean +/- SEM] nmol Ca2+.min-1.mg-1 for hearts perfused for 5 minutes with 0.2, 1.4, 2.8, and 5.6 mM Ca2+, respectively; p = 0.0001; n = 8). This depression was not observed when Ca2+ uptake was assayed in the presence of ryanodine or ruthenium red. Since the Ca2+ uptake in the presence of ryanodine or ruthenium red is determined by the Ca(2+)-ATPase, this result suggests that perfusion with varying [Ca2+] did not affect the C...
Role of oxygen-derived free radicals in myocardial edema and ischemia in coronary microvascular embolization.
Authors: MHori, KGotoh, MKitakaze, KIwai, KIwakura, HSato, YKoretsune, MInoue, AKitabatake, TKamada
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDOxygen-derived free radicals are thought to injure the ischemic heart during coronary microvascular embolization.METHODS AND RESULTSTo test this idea, microspheres (15 microns in diameter) were repetitively administered into the left anterior descending coronary artery to cause microvascular embolization in dogs. Myocardial contractile and metabolic dysfunctions were significantly attenuated after treatments with recombinant human superoxide dismutase, an acyl derivative of ascorbic acid (CV3611, 2-O-octadecylascorbic acid), and xanthine oxidase inhibitor (allopurinol). The free radical scavengers and inhibitor enhanced the coronary hyperemic flow response during embolization, and the total number of microspheres causing maximal embolization was increased by these drugs. When 8-phenyltheophylline was additionally administered with superoxide dismutase, these beneficial effects were abolished, indicating that coronary effects of these drugs may be due to increased release of adenosine during coro...
Adverse Events Following Colorectal Stenting in Patients With Locally Advanced Colonic and Extracolonic Cancer and Peritoneal Metastases: Comparison With Decompressive Surgery
Authors: S Davydova, A Fedorov, O Yun, A Klimov
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Relief of large-bowel obstruction caused by locally advanced malignancies and peritoneal carcinomatosis by means of stenting may be associated with an increased complication rate. Aim of the study was to compare outcomes of colorectal stenting and decompressive surgery in patients with stage IV colonic and extracolonic cancer with massive local invasion and peritoneal dissemination.
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Complications: Unit Experience
Authors: A Chaimae, B Mohamed, L Nawal, B Imane, Zahra A Fatima
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) represents one of the major therapeutic advances in digestive endoscopy. The indications for ERCP, initially diagnostic, are now mainly therapeutic. An assessment of the risks and complications of this technique is essential and allows their prevention.
Capsule Endoscopy In Actively Bleeding Covid-19 Patient
Authors: A Taleb, A El-Mikkawy, N Roshdy, M Ibrahim
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Patients with suspected active bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) typically undergo upper endoscopy and/or colonoscopy, depending on their presentation. However, bleeding source is not always identified via these procedures. Additionally, with the ongoing pandemic, invasive endoscopic techniques carry increasingly higher risks of viral infection transmission. Capsule endoscopy is a safe solution that can be used to examine and diagnose GIT pathologies, including actively bleeding lesions. We report a case of successful identification of bleeding source in a COVID-19 patient using capsule endoscopy.
Abstract 14400: Incidence of Cavotricuspid Isthmus Atrial Flutter Following Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry Tachycardia Ablation
Authors: Daniel L Varela, William H Sauer, Ryan Borne, Amneet Sandhu, Duy T Nguyen
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: The incidence of atrial flutter (AFL) following radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of certain supraventricular tahycardias (SVTs) is poorly understood. Ablation of atrioventricular nodal r...
Vascular smooth muscle. Calmodulin and cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase after calcium sensitivity in porcine carotid skinned fibers.
Authors: J CRüegg, R JPaul
Journal: Circulation Research (1982)

Recent work on vascular smooth muscle actomyosin has indicated that the Ca2+ sensitivity of both ATPase and superprecipitation are affected by calmodulin (CaM) and cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (cPK). Using a chemically  arterial preparation, we have extended these observations to the intact structured contractile system. Media from hog carotid artery were skinned with 1% Triton X-100 followed by a 50% glycerol-ATP salt solution, in which the strips were stored at -25 degrees C. Small strips (thickness between 0.1 and 0.2 mm) were mounted isometrically and relaxed in a Mg-ATP salt solution, pH 6.7, Ca2+ 10(-8) M, 30 degrees C. Ca2+ elicited a contraction with an ED50 of 10(-6) M. Isometric force was between 1 and 4 mN, consistent with the force observed before skinning. With time, the preparation became less sensitive with an increase in ED50 to 10(-5.7) M. CaM (4 micro M) reverses this loss, stabilizes the preparation, and sharply accelerates the rate of tension development. The ED50 in th...
18F-FDG–Avid Lymph Nodes After COVID-19 Vaccination on 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Gary A. Ulaner, Peter Giuliano
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

A 68-year-old man with right cheek melanoma after resection underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT, which was unremarkable except for multiple FDG-avid subcentimeter but rounded lymph nodes in the left axilla. The patient had undergone a COVID-19 vaccination in the left arm 3 weeks prior. As under vaccinations have been documented to cause reactive FDG-avid lymph nodes, the nodes in our patient were considered benign, reactive to the COVID-19 vaccination. Although FDG-avid benign, reactive nodes have been an uncommon finding in the past, the upcoming surge in COVID-19 vaccinations makes this an important finding for the interpreting physician to consider and recognize.
Transcatheter closure of ventricular septal defects.
Authors: J ELock, P CBlock, R GMcKay, D SBaim, J FKeane
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Between January and October, 1987, we attempted percutaneous transcatheter closure of seven ventricular septal defects (VSD) in six patients; none of the patients was a candidate for operative management. Patients' ages ranged from 8 months to 82 years (6.0-70 kg); diagnoses included postinfarction VSD (n = 4), congenital VSD (n = 1), and postoperative congenital VSD (n = 2). Indications for VSD closure were shock or respiratory failure (n = 5) or multiple episodes of endocarditis (n = 1). Closure was attempted with a Rashkind double umbrella: VSDs were crossed via the left ventricle and a guide wire was advanced to the right heart, snared with a venous catheter, and used to direct a long sheath (and ultimately the double umbrella) across the VSD. We crossed the VSD in all seven attempts, and a 17-mm double umbrella was successfully placed in each VSD. In the first (postinfarction) patient with the largest (12 mm) VSD, the umbrella embolized after 20 seconds to the pulmonary artery (without reducing flow)...
Verification of Duodenobiliary Reflux With SPECT/CT Imaging
Authors: Meixin Zhao, Weifang Zhang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

Abstract Duodenobiliary reflux is believed to be 1 of the causes of recurrent bacterial cholangitis. We reported a 65-year-old woman with intermittent epigastric pain for 20 years. She was diagnosed with cholelithiasis in the past, and she still had recurrent abdominal pain after the stone was removed. The patient was suspected of having duodenobiliary reflux and received duodenobiliary reflux imaging. After oral administration of 700 mL water containing 5 mCi 99m Tc-DTPA, SPECT/CT images of the abdomen were acquired. Abnormal radioactivity was seen in the common bile duct, indicating the presence of duodenobiliary reflux.
Feasibility and Safety of Emergency Self-Expandable Metal Stenting (Sems) in Patients With Malignant Colonic Obstruction– a Russian Singlecenter Experience
Authors: A Kiryukhin, P Pavlov, I Gorovaya
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Self-expanding metal stents (SEMSs) can be used as a palliative treatment or to initially decompress colon prior to definitive surgery (as a so-called ‘bridge to surgery’). The purpose of this study was to investigate the technical and clinical efficacy and safety of SEMS used as bridge to surgery for malignant large bowel obstruction.
Hemodynamic predictors of outcome in patients undergoing valve replacement.
Authors: B ACarabello, HWilliams, A KGash, RKent, DBelber, AMaurer, JSiegel, KBlasius, J FSpann
Journal: Circulation (1986)

The afterload-corrected end-systolic volume index (ratio of end-systolic stress to end-systolic volume index [ESS/ESVI]) was previously useful in predicting outcome in patients with mitral regurgitation undergoing valve replacement. Therefore we tested ESS/ESVI together with standard hemodynamic variables as possible predictors of outcome in 39 patients with various valvular lesions who underwent valve replacement. Thirteen patients had preoperative mitral regurgitation, 16 had aortic stenosis, nine had aortic regurgitation, and one had mitral stenosis. Twenty-seven patients (group S) had a satisfactory outcome as defined by a return to NYHA class I or II together with a normal postoperative ejection fraction. Twelve patients who died, remained in class III or IV, or had a subnormal postoperative ejection fraction were deemed to have an unsatisfactory result (group U). Mean right atrial pressure, pulmonary arterial pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, end-diastolic volume index, end-systolic volu...
Comparing the Effectiveness and Safety Associated With Infliximab vs Infliximab-abda Therapy for Patients With Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Authors: Linnea Lackstrom Westerkam, Kelly Jo Tackett, Christopher John Sayed
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2021)

Although limited effective and affordable treatment options exist for hidradenitis suppurativa, recent studies describe the effectiveness of a medical therapy, infliximab, for the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa. Cost-saving biosimilar alternatives have recently become available, but no data currently exist on their safety and effectiveness.To evaluate the effectiveness of infliximab-abda vs infliximab administration associated with the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa.This retrospective cohort study identified patients treated with infliximab or infliximab-abda between 2016 and 2020 at the dermatology clinic at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The study population included patients who met the clinical criteria for hidradenitis suppurativa and had received a continuous dose of infliximab or infliximab-abda for at least 10 weeks. In total, 62 potential participants were identified using clinical tracking lists on the electronic medical records, and 34 participants were included in the final analysis.Patients who started receiving infliximab or infliximab-abda were clinically tracked for a minimum of 10 weeks using the electronic medical record system, beginning at the time of drug initiation. Patients received loading doses of 10 mg/kg at weeks 0, 2, and 6, and then treatment was continued with a maintenance dose administered every 4 to 8 weeks.The primary outcome measure was Hidradenitis Suppurativa Clinical Response, defined as at least 50% decrease in inflammatory nodule count without any increase in number of abscesses or draining sinuses.Of 34 participants, 20 comprised the infliximab treatment group (mean [SD] age, 42.2 [13.2] years; 17 women [85%]), and 14 comprised the infliximab-abda treatment group (mean [SD] age, 35.5 [10.9] years; 13 women [93%]). The proportions of patients achieving a Hidradenitis Suppurativa Clinical Response were 71% (10 patients) in the infliximab-abda and 60% (12 patients) in the infliximab treatment group, which were not significantly different (P = .47).This cohort study found that both infliximab administration and infliximab-abda administration were associated with similar and significant improvement in disease as measured by the Hidradenitis Suppurativa Clinical Response. Infliximab-abda is likely a reasonable treatment option for hidradenitis suppurativa, and further research is warranted.
Trophic interactions between rat nerves and blood vessels in denervated peripheral arteries and in anterior eye chamber transplants.
Authors: M ETodd
Journal: Circulation Research (1986)

This investigation was undertaken to examine trophic interrelationships between nerves and arteries in male Wistar rats. Two approaches were used. (1) Surgical denervation of two peripheral muscular arteries in the thigh (the superficial epigastric and saphenous) was carried out on young animals (5-20 days old). (2) Arteries from young adults, either with a high density of innervation in situ (the tail artery), or virtually uninnervated (the femoral artery), were transplanted into intact or sympathectomized anterior eye chambers of adult rat hosts. In the denervation experiments, the maximum length of time before reinnervation occurred was 15 days postoperatively. The only evidence of morphological change in the vessel wall was in the external elastic lamina that became irregular and laminated. Reinnervation followed the typical developmental sequence, and was accelerated in the younger animals and by a double lesion. Translocating the proximal part of the nerve carrying the vasomotor innervation indicate...
Pathogenesis of acute renal failure following temporary renal ischemia in the rat.
Authors: W JArendshorst, W FFinn, C WGottschalk
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

In this study, we characterized the sequence of several intrarenal events and evaluated their relative importance in the pathogenesis of unilateral oliguric acute renal failure induced experimentally in rats by complete occlusion of a renal artery for 1 hour. Kidneys were studied prior to occlusion and 1-3 hours and 22-26 hours after release of the temporary occlusion. Renal blood flow measured by an electromagnetic flow transducer was reduced to 40-50% of control during both postocclusion periods. Flow of tubular fluid was markedly reduced, and the damaged kidneys were oliguric. Proximal and distal convolutions were filled with fluid and dilated 1-3 hours after occlusion; their pressures were greatly heterogeneous and were elevated, on the average, to 31 and 16 mm Hg, respectively. Glomerular capillary pressure at this time was normal or slightly increased. Histological sections showed extensive tubular obstruction. We conclude that initially the oliguria is primarily due to intraluminal obstruction in t...
Myosin transitions in the bovine and human heart. A developmental and anatomical study of heavy and light chain subunits in the atrium and ventricle.
Authors: PCummins, S JLambert
Journal: Circulation Research (1986)

Transitions in cardiac myosin isotypes occur in response to a variety of stimuli. These are well documented in small, but less so in larger, mammals where data on quantitative isotype composition of normal atria and ventricles are scarce. In this study, heavy and light chain isotypes were examined in fetal, neonatal, and adult bovine and human hearts. Defined anatomical areas of chambers were studied, and detailed mapping of isotypes was conducted on bovine atria. Heavy chain isotype quantification was carried out electrophoretically either after peptide mapping or by a new technique for separating whole cardiac alpha- and beta-heavy chains capable of detecting 5% of either isotope. Atrial and ventricular light chains were resolved electrophoretically, and all isotypes were quantified densitometrically. Beta-Heavy chain was almost exclusively expressed (greater than 95%) in the ventricles at all ages except in the bovine neonate. Ventricular light chains predominated in the adult ventricle, but atrial lig...
Identification of viable myocardium in patients with chronic coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction. Comparison of thallium scintigraphy with reinjection and PET imaging with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose.
Authors: R OBonow, VDilsizian, ACuocolo, S LBacharach
Journal: Circulation (1991)

In patients with chronic coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction, the distinction between ventricular dysfunction arising from myocardial fibrosis and ischemic, but viable, myocardium has important clinical implications. By positron emission tomography (PET), enhanced fluorine-18-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in myocardial segments with impaired function and reduced blood flow is evidence of myocardial viability. Reinjection of thallium-201 at rest immediately after stress-redistribution imaging may also provide evidence of myocardial viability by demonstrating thallium uptake in regions with apparently  defects. To compare these two methods, we studied 16 patients with chronic coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction, 27 +/- 9%), all of whom had irreversible defects on standard exercise-redistribution thallium single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging. Thallium was reinjected immediately after the redistribution ...
Cardiovascular regulation by central adrenergic mechanisms and its alteration by hypotensive drugs.
Authors: GHaeusler
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

Electrical stimulation of the posterior hypothalamus is followed by an immediate increase in sympathetic nerve activity and rise in blood pressure. Destruction of hypothalamic adrenergic structures by local unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine into the posterior hypothalamus reduced the blood pressure rise in response to stimulation of the lesioned side. This and numerous other findings indicate an involvement of central adrenergic neurons in the mediation of an increase of sympathetic nerve activity caused by hypothalamic stimulation. However, central adrenergic neurons do not seem to be an integral part of the sympathoexcitatory pathways originating in the posterior hypothalamus but rather facilitate their activation: after almost complete norepinephrine depletion produced by combined treatment with reserpine and alpha-methl-p-tyrosine, hypothalamic stimulation was still followed by an increase in spontaneous sympathetic nerve activity. Stimulation of an alpha-adrenoceptive site, probably located i...
Simultaneous Fiberoptic Colonoscopy and Esophago-Gastro-Duodenoscopy
Authors: W.P. Lanting
Journal: Endoscopy (1986)

See also: Disinfection of Immersible Fiber-endoscopesEndoscopy 1986; 18(03): 116-116DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1013006