tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An exceptional vaccination policy in exceptional circumstances
Authors: None The Lancet Infectious Diseases
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2021)

Just as hope for relief from the COVID-19 pandemic brightened in December, with emergency use approval for vaccines following phase 3 trials and the start of immunisation programmes, unprecedented numbers of cases, hospital admissions, and deaths have been recorded, including in countries such as Germany and Japan that were previously celebrated for their public health response. Predictions that the northern hemisphere winter would be a difficult time for control of COVID-19, as is typically the case with respiratory viral diseases, have proved to be correct.
Cytoprotection by the osmolytes ?ine and taurine in ischemia- reoxygenation injury in the perfused rat liver
Authors: M Wettstein, D Haussinger
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Medium osmolarity sensitively regulates Kupffer cell functions like phagocytosis and prostaglandin (PG) and cytokine production. Betaine and taurine, recently identified as osmolytes in liver cells, interfere with these effects. Because Kupffer cell activation is an important pathogenic mechanism in ischemia-reoxygenation injury, the influence of osmolarity and osmolytes was investigated in a rat liver perfusion model of warm ischemia. Livers were perfused with different medium osmolarities for 60 to 90 minutes in the absence of oxygen, followed by another 90 minutes of reoxygenation. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage into the effluent perfusate during the hypoxic and the reoxygenation period was eight- to 10-fold higher with a medium osmolarity of 385 mosmol/L than in normo-osmolarity, and further decreased with hypo-osmolar perfusion buffer. Betaine and taurine addition to the perfusate in near physiological concentrations decreased hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced LDH leakage, aspartate transaminase (AST) leakage, and perfusion pressure increase in hyperosmolar and normo-osmolar perfusions. Stimulation of PGD 2 , PGE 2 , thromboxane B 2 (TXB 2 ), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) release, as well as induction of carbon uptake by the liver during reoxygenation, were suppressed by βine and taurine, pointing to an interference of these osmolytes with Kupffer cell function. In contrast, endothelial cell function as assessed by hyaluronic acid (HA) uptake was not influenced. It is concluded that warm ischemia- reoxygenation injury in rat liver is aggravated by hyperosmolarity and attenuated by hypo-osmolarity. The osmolytes βine and taurine have a protective effect, presumably by inhibition of Kupffer cell activation.
<i>ERJ</i>Podcast May 2018: The STELLAIR study
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2018)

As part of the May issue, the European Respiratory Journal presents the latest in its series of podcasts. Deputy chief editor James Chalmers interviews Marc Humbert (Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, and AP-HP, Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, and INSERM UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis Robinson, France) about omalizumab effectiveness in patients with severe allergic asthma according to blood eosinophil count.
Co-occurring epidemics, syndemics, and population health
Authors: Alexander C Tsai, Emily Mendenhall, James A Trostle, Ichiro Kawachi
Journal: The Lancet (2017)

As originally theorised, three concepts underlie the notion of a syndemic: disease concentration, disease interaction, and the large-scale social forces that give rise to them.1,2 The concept of disease concentration holds that two or more epidemics co-occur in particular temporal or geographical contexts due to harmful social conditions. This aspect of the theory of syndemics is not necessarily what makes its contribution distinctive. For example, anthropologists have long called attention to the manner in which large-scale political, economic, and cultural forces have given rise to clustered epidemics of various infectious diseases, most prominently HIV and tuberculosis;3–5 and the theory of fundamental causes highlights the roles of these forces in driving concentrated health disadvantage.
Microvascular Anastomoses for Cerebral Ischemia
Authors: Jose L. Salazar
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Surgical treatment of vascular disease of the limbs, heart, and other body parts is well known, but until recently, few investigators dealt with operations to relieve ischemia due to cerebrovascular disease. Surgical techniques for cerebral revascularization are presented in this book. The basic anatomic, physiologic, and hemodynamic changes in stroke are discussed, followed by clinical and laboratory evaluation of direct and collateral circulation in the ischemic brain and basic laboratory studies in animals. There is information on the indications for operation, patient selection, management of risk factors, and a variety of operations. Most emphasis is placed on the most popular procedure, anastomosis of the superficial temporal artery to a branch of the middle cerebral artery. The follow-up of such operations is still brief (the first human case dates only from 1967), but there seems to be benefit for properly selected patients. Particular attention is paid to evaluation of changes in
Screening blood donors for HTLV-III antibody
Authors: D. A. Mann
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by Ward et al<sup>1</sup>concerning an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for antibody to human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III suggests a potentially serious conceptual inconsistency in the current program for blood donor screening: the acceptance of a single initial negative EIA result as proof of seronegativity, while a unit twice positive out of three EIAs (denoted 2+/3) is considered seropositive. Since units with an initial negative EIA result were not tested further, one can assume that among the study's 66 621 initially negative units (which were accepted for transfusion) some would have been 2+/3 if three EIAs had been performed. Thus, some units that would have met exclusion criteria may have been allowed into the blood bank by the reported protocol. The number of these missed 2+/3 units can be estimated from the study data. Of the units destined to be 2+/3, one would expect
CRISPR guides induce gene silencing in plants in the absence of Cas
Authors: Veerendra Kumar Sharma, Sandeep Marla, Wenguang Zheng, Divya Mishra, Jun Huang, Wei Zhang, Geoffrey Preston Morris, David Edward Cook
Journal: Genome biology (2022)

Abstract Background RNA-targeting CRISPR-Cas can provide potential advantages over DNA editing, such as avoiding pleiotropic effects of genome editing, providing precise spatiotemporal regulation, and expanded function including antiviral immunity. Results Here, we report the use of CRISPR-Cas13 in plants to reduce both viral and endogenous RNA. Unexpectedly, we observe that crRNA designed to guide Cas13 could, in the absence of the Cas13 protein, cause substantial reduction in RNA levels as well. We demonstrate Cas13-independent guide-induced gene silencing (GIGS) in three plant species, including stable transgenic Arabidopsis. Small RNA sequencing during GIGS identifies the production of small RNA that extend beyond the crRNA expressed sequence in samples expressing multi-guide crRNA. Additionally, we demonstrate that mismatches in guide sequences at position 10 and 11 abolish GIGS. Finally, we show that GIGS is elicited by guides that lack the Cas13 direct repeat and can extend to Cas9 designed crRNA of at least 28 base pairs, indicating that GIGS can be elicited through a variety of guide designs and is not dependent on Cas13 crRNA sequences or design. Conclusions Collectively, our results suggest that GIGS utilizes endogenous RNAi machinery despite the fact that crRNA are unlike canonical triggers of RNAi such as miRNA, hairpins, or long double-stranded RNA. Given similar evidence of Cas13-independent silencing in an insect system, it is likely GIGS is active across many eukaryotes. Our results show that GIGS offers a novel and flexible approach to RNA reduction with potential benefits over existing technologies for crop improvement and functional genomics.
Serial evaluation of myocardial microvasculature in patients with acute myocardial infarction before and after successful mechanical reperfusion using venous contrast echocardiography Christian Firschke, Peter Andr�ssy, Marzenna Zielinska, Jens Paliga, Albert Schoemig. Deutsches Herzzentrum, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Muenchen, Germany
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Investigative searches in criminal law
Authors: A. R. Holder
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical Journal of Australia, Sydney
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
How can care for depression become more cost-effective?
Authors: R. Sturm
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine the cost and health effects of changes in the content and quality of care for depressed patients treated in prepaid general medical practices (internal and family medicine) and mental health specialty practices and shifts in the proportion of patients treated in general medicine. <h3>Methods.</h3> —Cost-effectiveness analysis and simulations, which are empirically based on data from the Medical Outcomes Study. <h3>Outcome Measures.</h3> —Change in serious functional limitations, annual treatment costs per patient, and costs per reduction in one functional limitation. <h3>Results.</h3> —More appropriate care for depression (increased counseling, use of appropriate antidepressant medications, or avoidance of regular minor tranquilizer use) improves functioning outcomes. Although this approach increases total costs of care, it also improves the value of care because each dollar spent on care now provides more benefits in terms of health improvements. In contrast with the effects of more appropriate care for depression, the trend away from mental health specialty care and toward general medical provider care under current treatment patterns reduces costs, worsens outcomes, and does not increase the value of health care spending in terms of health improvement per dollar. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Quality improvement measures that roughly follow practice guidelines for depression can improve outcomes and the value or cost-effectiveness of care, but at increased treatment costs; shifting patients away from mental health specialists decreases costs but worsens functioning outcomes. The best strategy for making care for depression more cost-effective is through quality improvement, not through changing specialty mix. Yet combining these strategies may achieve better outcomes, lower treatment costs, and better value of care compared with current practice patterns. To realize this potential, however, substantial quality improvement of care for depression is necessary in general medical practice. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;273:51-58)
Œsophageal Obstruction: Its Pathology, Diagnosis and Treatment. [Based on the Jacksonian Prize Essay of the Royal College of Surgeons of England for 1924 (Published by Permission of the Council) and Including a Hunterian Lecture Delivered at the Royal College of Surgeons in 1926.]
Journal: JAMA (1930)

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THE PUBLIC SERVICE.
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
TCT-238: Proximal &amp; Distal Maximal Luminal Diameters (Dmax) as a Guide to Appropriate Deployment of the Everolimus-Eluting Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffold: A Substudy of the ABSORB Cohort B &amp; On-Going ABSORB EXTEND Single Arm Study
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
EndothelinA receptor antagonism may prevent in-stent restenosis in humans Zenon S. Kyriakides, Dimitrios T. Kremastinos, Michael Georgiades, Stavroula Psychari, Thefilos Kolettis, Eleni Voidou, Eftihia Sbarouni, Aias Antoniadis, George K. Karavolias, David J. Webb. Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Gene expression-based personalized prescription of targeted drugs in colorectal cancer.
Authors: Elena Poddubskaya, Maxim Sorokin, Marianna Zolotovskaya, Maria Suntsova, Andrew Garazha, Alexey Moisseev, Alexey Bondarenko, Vasiliy Skrijalin, Madina Baranova, Marina Sekacheva, Alexander Seryakov, Anton Buzdin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

151 Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most common cancer worldwide with relatively poor patient survival. Transcriptome assay could be used to personalize CRC treatment thus complementing standard mutation analysis. Methods: We performed retrospective hybrid experimental and meta-analysis of CRC patient gene expression data with available progression-free survival (PFS) information and/or targeted drug response status. In total we analyzed 243 gene expression profiles from four publicly available (TCGA and three datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus GSE19860, GSE19862, GSE104645), and one experimental (PRJNA663280) patient cohorts. Each gene expression profile was analyzed using bioinformatic second-opinion platform Oncobox to calculate balanced drug efficiency scores (BES) to build personalized ratings of potentially effective targeted drugs. Area under the ROC curve (AUC) metric and Cox regression analysis were used to assess Oncobox capacity to predict tumor response and PFS, respectively. Results: Patients from GSE19860 (n = 12), GSE19862 (n = 14), GSE104645 (n = 81) received bevacizumab as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy as the nearest line of treatment after biopsy collection. Oncobox correctly classified treatment responders vs non-responders with AUC 0.94, 0.90 and 0.84, respectively. BES value was strongly associated with PFS (HR = 0.53, CI 0.33-0.84, log-rank test p-value 0.0057) in the GSE104645 cohort. However, BES was ineffective for predicting response and PFS after second-line (after biopsy collection) treatment with cetuximab. BES also predicted treatment response with AUC 0.74 in the TCGA cohort (n = 17) treated with 4 different targeted drugs. Thirty clinical outcomes were collected for 14 patients from our experimental cohort PRJNA663280. Patients were treated with 10 different targeted drugs. BES was an effective biomarker that could predict treatment outcomes with AUC 0.74 for all lines of therapy and 0.94 for the first line therapy (after biopsy), and could predict PFS after first-line treatment (HR 0.14, CI 0.027-0.73, log-rank test p-value 0.0091). Conclusions: Our results suggest that RNA profiling in tumor samples may be helpful for personalizing prescriptions of targeted therapeutics in CRC. Using recent biopsies is essential to obtain robust estimates of targeted drugs efficacy.
Noninvasive re-expansion of implanted nitinol stents in vivo. A new noninvasive method to treat stent recoil, using fast alternating magnetic fields Leonidas D. Diamantopoulos, Glenn Van Langenhove, David Folley, Pim De Feyter, Patrick W. Serruys. Interventional Cardiology Dept, THORAXCENTER, ROTTERDAM, The Netherlands
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Progress Report of Evaluation of Methadone Maintenance Treatment Program as of March 31, 1968
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Therapeutic drug monitoring of biologics in inflammatory bowel disease: unmet needs and future perspectives
Authors: Konstantinos Papamichael, Waqqas Afif, David Drobne, Marla C Dubinsky, Marc Ferrante, Peter M Irving, Nikolaos Kamperidis, Taku Kobayashi, Paulo G Kotze, Jo Lambert, Nurulamin M Noor, Xavier Roblin, Giulia Roda, Niels Vande Casteele, Andres J Yarur, Naila Arebi, Silvio Danese, Stephane Paul, William J Sandborn, Séverine Vermeire, Adam S Cheifetz, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2022)
Approach to carotid stenosis in patients undergoing open heart surgery: Stenting or Endarterectomy? Khaled M. Ziada, Samir R. Kapadia, Deepak L. Bhatt, Irving Tiong, Fernando A. Cura, Stephen D. Samples, Kathy Hughes, Derk L. Krieger, Eugene Blackstone, Patrick L. Whitlow, Jay S. Yadav. Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Perceived number is not abstract
Authors: Lauren S. Aulet, Stella F. Lourenco
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2021)

Abstract To support the claim that the approximate number system (ANS) represents rational numbers, Clarke and Beck (C&amp;B) argue that number perception is abstract and characterized by a second-order character. However, converging evidence from visual illusions and psychophysics suggests that perceived number is not abstract, but rather, is perceptually interdependent with other magnitudes. Moreover, number, as a concept, is second-order, but number, as a percept, is not.