tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Severe Hypoglycemia and Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Jamal S. Rana, Howard H. Moffet, Jennifer Y. Liu, Andrew J. Karter
Journal: Diabetes Care (2021)

Meta-analyses and reviews of observational cohorts have reported a relationship between severe hypoglycemia (SH) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events, but estimates of effect vary widely and many studies are limited by size and diversity, ability to adjust for confounders, and inconsistent definitions of exposures and outcomes (1–4). We studied the association of SH events and risk of ASCVD in a large, diverse cohort of patients. This study was approved by the Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) Institutional Review Board.

This observational cohort study included adults (age ≥18 years) with diabetes who were members of KPNC, an integrated health care delivery system, with continuous membership during the 2 years prior to baseline. The outcomes of interest were ASCVD events, defined as a composite of nonfatal myocardial infarction, fatal or nonfatal ischemic stroke, or death due to coronary heart disease. The exposure of interest …
Acute appendicitis management during the COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective cohort study from a large UK centre
Authors: Ramez Antakia, Athanasios Xanthis, Fanourios Georgiades, Victoria Hudson, James Ashcroft, Siobhan Rooney, Aminder A. Singh, John R. O'Neill, Nicola Fearnhead, Richard H. Hardwick, R.Justin Davies, John M.H. Bennett
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2021)
Correction: Use of extracellular vesicles from lymphatic drainage as surrogate markers of melanoma progression and <i>BRAF</i> <i>V600E</i> mutation
Authors: Susana García-Silva, Alberto Benito-Martín, Sara Sánchez-Redondo, Alberto Hernández-Barranco, Pilar Ximénez-Embún, Laura Nogués, Marina S. Mazariegos, Kay Brinkmann, Ana Amor López, Lisa Meyer, Carlos Rodríguez, Carmen García-Martín, Jasminka Boskovic, Rocío Letón, Cristina Montero, Mercedes Robledo, Laura Santambrogio, Mary Sue Brady, Anna Szumera-Ciećkiewicz, Iwona Kalinowska, Johan Skog, Mikkel Noerholm, Javier Muñoz, Pablo L. Ortiz-Romero, Yolanda Ruano, José L. Rodríguez-Peralto, Piotr Rutkowski, Héctor Peinado
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2019)
Covid-19: Use social media to maximise vaccine confidence and uptake
Authors: Daniel Patten, Adelle Green, Daniel Bown, Craig Russell
Journal: BMJ (2021)

We echo Hanif and colleagues’ concerns that some communities, such as ethnic minority groups and those of lower socioeconomic standing, may be left behind in the UK’s vaccination programme.1 Social media may play a role in ensuring that this does not happen.

Misinformation has plagued the scientific community throughout the pandemic and social media have been awash with false information regarding vaccine safety. …
Abstract 15391: Genome-Wide Association Study of Over One Million Participants Identifies 49 Novel Loci Associated With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Krishna G Aragam, Tao Jiang, Stavroula Kanoni, Goel Anuj, Brooke Wolford, Ida Surakka, Christopher Grace, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Christopher Nelson, Carolina Roselli, George Hindy, Wallace Wang, Maria Loreto Munoz Venegas, Jemma C Hopewell, Christian Ruff, Marc S Sabatine, Hugh C Watkins, John Danesh, Patrick T Ellinor, Hilma Holm, Robert J Clarke, Heribert Schunkert, Martin Farrall, Jeanette Erdmann, Kari Stefansson, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Cristen Willer, Nilesh J Samani, Panos Deloukas, Sekar Kathiresan, Adam Butterworth
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 164 common genetic loci associated with coronary artery disease (CAD), providing important biological and clinical insights, but the global bu...
Reply to Deepansh Dalela, Isaac Palma-Zamora, and Craig Rogers’ Letter to the Editor re: Fredrick Leidberg, Petter Kollberg, Marie Allerbo, et al. Preventing Parastomal Hernia After Ileal Conduit by the Use of a Prophylactic Mesh: A Randomised Study. Eur Urol 2020;78:757–63
Authors: Fredrik Liedberg, Petter Kollberg, Marie Allerbo, Gediminas Baseckas, Johan Brändstedt, Sigurdur Gudjonsson, Oskar Hagberg, Ulf Håkansson, Tomas Jerlström, Annica Löfgren, Oliver Patschan, Anne Sörenby, Mats Bläckberg
Journal: European Urology (2021)
Age and eczema severity, but not family history, are major risk factors for peanut allergy in infancy
Authors: Corinne Keet, Michael Pistiner, Mihaela Plesa, Daria Szelag, Wayne Shreffler, Robert Wood, Joan Dunlop, Roger Peng, Jennifer Dantzer, Alkis Togias
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2021)
Sepsis, Calcineurin, and Cardiac Dysfunction: The Saga of Life and Death⁎⁎Editorials published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiologyreflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACCor the American College of Cardiology.
Authors: Sabine Telemaque, Jawahar L. Mehta
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
Trends in Pain Medication Initiation Among Patients With Newly Diagnosed Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy, 2014-2018
Authors: Jungwei Fan, Molly Moore Jeffery, W. Michael Hooten, Nilay D. Shah, Rozalina G. McCoy
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

This cohort study assesses trends in the rates of initiation of pain medication among patients with newly diagnosed diabetic peripheral neuropathy and the types of pain medication prescribed from 2014 to 2018.
Rational Design of Nanomaterials for Various Radiation‐Induced Diseases Prevention and Treatment
Authors: Jiani Xie, Maoru Zhao, Chengyan Wang, Yuan Yong, Zhanjun Gu, Yuliang Zhao
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2021)

Abstract Radiation treatments often unfavorably damage neighboring healthy organs and cause a series of radiation sequelae, such as radiation‐induced hematopoietic system diseases, radiation‐induced gastrointestinal diseases, radiation‐induced lung diseases, and radiation‐induced skin diseases. Recently, emerging nanomaterials have exhibited good superiority for these radiation‐induced disease treatments. Given this background, the rational design principle of nanomaterials, which helps to optimize the therapeutic efficiency, has been an increasing need. Consequently, it is of great significance to perform a systematic summarization of the advances in this field, which can trigger the development of new high‐performance nanoradioprotectors with drug efficiency maximization. Herein, this review highlights the advances and perspectives in the rational design of nanomaterials for preventing and treating various common radiation‐induced diseases. Furthermore, the sources, clinical symptoms, and pathogenesis/injury mechanisms of these radiation‐induced diseases will also be introduced. Furthermore, current challenges and directions for future efforts in this field are also discussed.
Patterns of transcription factor programs and immune pathway activation define four major subtypes of SCLC with distinct therapeutic vulnerabilities
Authors: Carl M. Gay, C. Allison Stewart, Elizabeth M. Park, Lixia Diao, Sarah M. Groves, Simon Heeke, Barzin Y. Nabet, Junya Fujimoto, Luisa M. Solis, Wei Lu, Yuanxin Xi, Robert J. Cardnell, Qi Wang, Giulia Fabbri, Kasey R. Cargill, Natalie I. Vokes, Kavya Ramkumar, Bingnan Zhang, Carminia M. Della Corte, Paul Robson, Stephen G. Swisher, Jack A. Roth, Bonnie S. Glisson, David S. Shames, Ignacio I. Wistuba, Jing Wang, Vito Quaranta, John Minna, John V. Heymach, Lauren Averett Byers
Journal: Cancer Cell (2021)
Art: DNA 50 Four Plus: Writing DNA
Authors: I. Haivas
Journal: BMJ (2003)

A Wellcome Trust exhibition at the TwoTen Gallery and the Wellcome Building, London NW1, until 29 August 2003. Admission free http://www.wellcome.ac.uk Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> This exhibition celebrating the 50th anniversary of the discovery of the structure of DNA takes us beyond science into a vivid representation of the personalities involved. Ten artists use visual, literary, and digital media to present fresh perspectives on the discovery and to show science as social history, science as passion. The exhibition is structured … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Dangerous People or Dangerous Weapons
Authors: Lawrence O. Gostin
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 12536: Preexcitation in Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome May Not Be Associated With Accessory Pathway
Authors: Shashank P Behere, Takeshi Tsuda, Jeanne Marie Baffa, Joel Temple
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Preexcitation (PE) is abnormal depolarization of the ventricular myocardium via accessory atrioventricular (AV) pathway with short PR interval and delta wave on ECG. PE is associated ...
Contribution of Glucose Meter Error to Misclassification of Neonatal Glycemic Status
Authors: Mark Inman, Barry D. Kyle, Martha E. Lyon
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Early Ablation for Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation — Safety First
Authors: Joseph E. Marine
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation by means of pulmonary vein isolation has undergone substantial improvements in efficacy and safety since it was introduced 20 years ago, and it has become an established treatment for patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation.1 Although clinical practice guidelines have generally recommended at least one trial course of antiarrhythmic drug therapy before consideration of ablation therapy, the 2014 U.S. guideline introduced a class IIa recommendation that "In patients with recurrent symptomatic paroxysmal AF [atrial fibrillation], catheter ablation is a reasonable initial rhythm-control strategy before therapeutic trials of antiarrhythmic drug therapy, after weighing the risks and outcomes . . .
Regular review: Drug treatment of multiple sclerosis
Authors: C H Polman
Journal: BMJ (2000)

BMJ 2000;321:490-4 Multiple sclerosis is the most common cause of chronic neurological disability in young adults, with a prevalence of about 1 in 1000. About 50% of patients are unable to walk without assistance 15 years after onset As yet, no treatment can halt the accumulation of disability. In recent years, however, there has been substantial progress in understanding the pathogenetic mecha nisms of the disease and in developing techniques to monitor treatment Based on this progress treatments were developed that have a favourable impact on the natural course of the disease (disease modifying drugs). We discuss the evidence available from large ran domised, placebo controlled studies, and we address several questions that still generate wide interest in rela tion to treatment with disease modifying drugs. Treatment of symptoms and rehabilitation, which still remain the mainstay of treatment for most patients with multiple sclerosis, are not reviewed here.
Persistence of mature dendritic cells, T <sub>H</sub> 2A, and Tc2 cells characterize clinically resolved atopic dermatitis under IL-4Rα blockade
Authors: Christine Bangert, Katharina Rindler, Thomas Krausgruber, Natalia Alkon, Felix M. Thaler, Harald Kurz, Tanya Ayub, Denis Demirtas, Nikolaus Fortelny, Vera Vorstandlechner, Wolfgang M. Bauer, Tamara Quint, Michael Mildner, Constanze Jonak, Adelheid Elbe-Bürger, Johannes Griss, Christoph Bock, Patrick M. Brunner
Journal: Science Immunology (2021)

Therapeutic options for autoimmune diseases typically consist of broad and targeted immunosuppressive agents. However, sustained clinical benefit is rarely achieved, as the disease phenotype usually returns after cessation of treatment. To better understand tissue-resident immune memory in human disease, we investigated patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) who underwent short-term or long-term treatment with the IL-4Rα blocker dupilumab. Using multi-omics profiling with single-cell RNA sequencing and multiplex proteomics, we found significant decreases in overall skin immune cell counts and normalization of transcriptomic dysregulation in keratinocytes consistent with clearance of disease. However, we identified specific immune cell populations that persisted for up to a year after clinical remission while being absent from healthy controls. These populations included
The New Medical Malpractice Crisis
Authors: Joseph P Imperato
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

A major medical malpractice crisis is unfolding in the United States today. In the last two years, professional liability insurance premiums have increased dramatically for physicians in high-risk specialties such as obstetrics, emergency medicine, general surgery, surgical subspecialties, and radiology in states across the country. Many states have seen the departure of insurance carriers that had held very substantial market shares, leaving thousands of physicians scrambling to find alternative coverage. This article briefly summarizes the leading hypotheses about the drivers of the crisis, examines the impacts on providers and patient access to care, and reviews the main policy solutions proposed by state and federal governments.
Audio Interview: An International Look at Covid-19
Authors: Eric J. Rubin, Lindsey R. Baden, Krista Nottage, James O’Connell, Gary Wong, Stephen Morrissey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

An International Look at Covid-19 In this audio interview conducted on January 20, 2021, the editors are joined by NEJM colleagues Krista Nottage, a surgeon in the Bahamas, James O’Connell, an infe...
Interventions for basal cell carcinoma: abridged Cochrane systematic review and GRADE assessments
Authors: J. Thomson, S. Hogan, J. Leonardi‐Bee, H. C. Williams, F .J. Bath‐Hextall
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2021)

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common cancer affecting white-skinned individuals, and the worldwide incidence is increasing. Although rarely fatal, BCC is associated with significant morbidity and costs.To assess the effects of interventions for primary BCC in immunocompetent adults.We updated our searches of the following databases to November 2019: Cochrane Skin Group Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and LILACS. Certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation method. We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane.We included 52 randomized controlled trials with 6990 participants (median age 65 years; range 20-95). Mean study duration was 13 months (range 6 weeks-10 years). Ninety-two per cent (n = 48/52) of studies exclusively included histologically low-risk BCC (nodular and superficial subtypes). The certainty of evidence was predominantly low or moderate for the outcomes of interest. Overall, surgical interventions have the lowest recurrence rates, and there may be slightly fewer recurrences with Mohs micrographic surgery over surgical excision for primary, facial BCC (high-risk histological subtype or located in the 'H-zone' or both) (low-certainty evidence). Nonsurgical treatments, when used for low-risk BCC, are less effective than surgical treatments, but recurrence rates are acceptable and cosmetic outcomes are probably superior.Surgical interventions have lower recurrence rates and remain the gold standard for high-risk BCC. Of the nonsurgical treatments, topical imiquimod has the best evidence to support its efficacy for low-risk BCC. Priorities for future research include agreement on core outcome measures and studies with longer follow-up.
To have and to eat cake: The biscriptive role of game-theoretic explanations of human choice behavior
Authors: William D. Casebeer, James E. Parco
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

Game-theoretic explanations of behavior need supplementation to be descriptive; behavior has multiple causes, only some governed by traditional rationality. An evolutionarily informed theory of action countenances overlapping causal domains: neurobiological, psychological, and rational. Colman's discussion is insufficient because he neither evaluates learning models nor qualifies under what conditions his propositions hold. Still, inability to incorporate emotions in axiomatic models highlights the need for a comprehensive theory of functional rationality.
Immunologically programming the tumor microenvironment induces the pattern recognition receptor NLRC4-dependent antitumor immunity
Authors: Xiaofei Yu, Wenjie Liu, Shixian Chen, Xueqian Cheng, Patrick A Paez, Tuanwei Sun, Fang Yuan, Chunyan Wei, Joseph W Landry, Andrew S Poklepovic, Harry D Bear, John R Subjeck, Elizabeth Repasky, Chunqing Guo, Xiang-Yang Wang
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2021)

Background The efficacy of cancer immunotherapy can be limited by the poor immunogenicity of cancer and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Immunologically programming the TME and creating an immune-inflamed tumor phenotype is critical for improving the immune-responsiveness of cancers. Here, we interrogate the immune modulator Flagrp170, engineered via incorporation of a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (ie, flagellin) into an immunostimulatory chaperone molecule, in transforming poorly immunogenic tumors and establishing a highly immunostimulatory milieu for immune augmentation. Methods Multiple murine cancer models were used to evaluate the immunostimulatory activity, antitumor potency, and potential side effects of Flagrp170 on administration into the tumors using a replication impaired adenovirus. Antibody neutralization and mice deficient in pattern recognition receptors, that is, toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) and NOD like receptor (NLR) family caspase activation and recruitment domain (CARD) domain-containing protein 4 (NLRC4), both of which can recognize flagellin, were employed to understand the immunological mechanism of action of the Flagrp170. Results Intratumoral delivery of mouse or human version of Flagrp170 resulted in robust inhibition of multiple malignancies including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and breast cancer, without tissue toxicities. This in situ Flagrp170 treatment induced a set of cytokines in the TME known to support Th1/Tc1-dominant antitumor immunity. Additionally, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor derived from mobilized CD8 + T cells was involved in the therapeutic activity of Flagrp170. We also made a striking finding that NLRC4, not TLR5, is required for Flagrp170-mediated antitumor immune responses. Conclusion Our results elucidate a novel immune-potentiating activity of Flagrp170 via engaging the innate pattern recognition receptor NLRC4, and support its potential clinical use to reshape cancer immune phenotype for overcoming therapeutic resistance.
Nuclear envelope wrinkling predicts mesenchymal progenitor cell mechano-response in 2D and 3D microenvironments
Authors: Brian D. Cosgrove, Claudia Loebel, Tristan P. Driscoll, Tonia K. Tsinman, Eric N. Dai, Su-Jin Heo, Nathaniel A. Dyment, Jason A. Burdick, Robert L. Mauck
Journal: Biomaterials (2021)
Phase II trial of the CDK4/6 inhibitor abemaciclib in patients (pts) with advanced and refractory well‐differentiated gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP NETs).
Authors: Kit Man Wong, Bojana Irene Askovich, Harini Ramachandran, Jeniece Hensel, Susan Ottermiller, Annie Alidina, Reina Hibbert, Andrew L. Coveler, John A. Thompson, Elena Gabriela Chiorean
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

TPS376 Background: Despite advances in the treatment of advanced GEP NETs, long‐term disease control remains a challenge. Overexpression and altered regulation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) 4 and 6 have been observed in multiple subtypes of GEP NETs. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that the CDK 4/6 inhibitor palbociclib reduces growth of pancreatic NET cell lines and levels of phosphorylated retinoblastoma protein in vitro. Moreover, the drug significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo in pancreatic NET xenograft models. Abemaciclib is a selective small molecule CDK 4/6 inhibitor, approved for the treatment of HR+ HER2– metastatic breast cancer. Clinical activity and central nervous system penetration of the drug have been observed in several tumor types in clinical trials, including partial response in one pt with metastatic small intestinal NET. We have developed a Phase 2 trial of abemaciclib in GEP NETs to evaluate its efficacy and safety in these rare cancers. Methods: This is an investigator-initiated non-randomized phase 2 trial using a two-stage design. Eligible pts have metastatic or locally advanced unresectable well-differentiated grade 1-2 GEP NETs, ECOG PS 0-2, and must have progressed on at least one line of systemic therapy. Prior or concurrent treatment with somatostatin analogs is allowed,. Abemaciclib is administered at a dose of 200 mg orally every 12 hours continuously in 28-day cycles. Dose reductions for toxicities are allowed to level -1 (150 mg) and -2 (100 mg). Primary endpoint is objective response rate (ORR) by RECIST v1.1. Secondary endpoints include progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and toxicity. A two‐stage design with 88% power to detect an increase in ORR to 20% with abemaciclib at the 1‐sided 0.05 level would require a total of 37 patients. Stage 1 will include 20 patients, and if one response is seen among these patients, the study will continue to enroll another 17 patients. The trial was activated in January 2020, and 3 patients have been enrolled to date. Available archival tumor tissue and molecular profiling data are collected for future correlative studies including assessment of response biomarkers.