tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Re: Vitamin A Analogue for Breast Cancer Prevention: a Grade of F or Incomplete?
Authors: Frank L. Meyskens
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2000)

Piantadosi (1) on our breast cancer prevention trial with fenretinide, which was published in the November 3 issue of the Journal (2).First, we feel that the title is not consistent with the editorial content itself (who gives an F grade to a "well designed and conducted study"?).In addition, the title is in sharp contradiction with Journal policy to publish only articles of major importance.Our disappointment was increased after learning that, as a result of this title, several media outlets have dismissed our study as being one of poor quality.In the current publicity-dominated era, the choice of
Colon tumors and colonoscopy
Authors: L. Hol, M. van Leerdam
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the Western world. Detection of CRC at an early stage improves the prognosis considerably. Furthermore, adenomas are the benign precursors of CRC, and removal of adenomas results in a lower than expected incidence of CRC. For these reasons, the detection and identification of colonic neoplasms was an important topic during the 2008 Digestive Disease Week (DDW).
Extracellular matrix remodeling after balloon angioplasty injury in a rabbit model of restenosis.
Authors: B HStrauss, R JChisholm, F WKeeley, A IGotlieb, R ALogan, P WArmstrong
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

Remodeling of the vessel wall after balloon angioplasty injury is incompletely understood, and in particular, the role of extracellular matrix synthesis in restenosis has received little attention. The objective of the present study was to determine the sequence of changes in collagen, elastin, and proteoglycan synthesis and content after balloon injury and to relate these changes to growth of the intimal lesions and extent of cell proliferation. In a double-injury non-cholesterol-fed model, right iliac arterial lesions in 43 rabbits were treated with balloon angioplasty, and the rabbits were killed at five time points ranging from immediate to 12 weeks. Vessel wall collagen and elastin content and synthesis were measured after incubation with 14C-proline and separation with a cyanogen bromide extraction procedure. Sulfated glycosaminoglycan synthesis was measured after incubation with [35S]sulfate, papain digestion, and ethanol precipitation. Continuous in vivo infusion of bromodeoxyuridine (96 hours) wa...
Shall The Journal be Removed to Washington?
Authors: T. D. Crothers
Journal: JAMA (1891)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Why should the place of publication ofThe Journalbe changed to Washington? What reasons have we to suppose its financial and editorial success would be more certain in Washington than at Chicago? Why should the list of subscribers be increased becauseThe Journalis published at Washington? For what reasons may we expect more business sagacity, and greater editorial skill in its management at Washington, than at Chicago? These are practical questions, which cannot be answered by assertions. The success ofThe Journalis a fact now, and a certainty; but its success at Washington is neither a fact nor a certainty; but only individual assertions and opinions. If those members of the Association who desire it changed to Washington, will raise a guaranteed fund of $5,000 a year for five years, there will be a tangible reason for such a change. As a purely
Signal transduction pathways of angiotensin II--induced c-fos gene expression in cardiac myocytes in vitro. Roles of phospholipid-derived second messengers.
Authors: JSadoshima, SIzumo
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

Angiotensin II (Ang II) causes a rapid induction of immediate-early genes and hypertrophy in the cardiac myocyte. However, the signaling mechanism of Ang II-induced immediate-early gene expression in cardiac myocytes has not been characterized. Therefore, we examined signal transduction of Ang II in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes, using c-fos gene expression as a model system. Transient transfection of c-fos reporter gene constructs indicated that the serum response element is not only required but also sufficient for Ang II-induced activation of the c-fos promoter. Ang II is known to cause an increase in [Ca2+]i. We found that Ang II also causes a small increase in cAMP in cardiac myocytes. However, the Ca2+/cAMP response element of the c-fos gene was not sufficient to confer Ang II responsiveness to the c-fos promoter, and inhibitors of protein kinase A had no effects on Ang II-induced c-fos expression. On the other hand, chelating intracellular Ca2+ with BAPTA-AM inhibited Ang II-induced c-fos expressio...
Genesis of high frequency notching of QRS complexes in an in vivo cardiac model.
Authors: C RVanderark, E WReynolds
Journal: Circulation (1975)

High frequency notching of the QRS complex is associated with transmural infarction, cardiomyopathies, and ventricular hypertrophy from any cause. The mechanism producing notching is unknown; but the presence of a discrete anatomic lesion is not an essential feature. The hypothesis that notching was produced by activation across, rather than along, myocardial fibers was investigated by stimulation at 12 points around a clock electrode attached to the epicardium while mapping isoschronous lines in the area activated. All fibers at the subendocardial layer beneath the clock electrode were ligated by a pursestring suture. Propagation direction, as measured by isoschronous maps, produced more notched QRS compleses when the path was across, rather than paralled with, the myocardial fibers. Using grouped data and a 5 times 6 table, notches versus the angle formed between fiber direction and orientation of the direction of travel were shown to be related (P less than 0.001). The hypothesis that cross-fiber activ...
Changes in conduction velocity during acute ischemia in ventricular myocardium of the isolated porcine heart.
Authors: A GKléber, M JJanse, F JWilms-Schopmann, A AWilde, RCoronel
Journal: Circulation (1986)

Conduction velocities along longitudinal (vL) and transverse (vT) fiber axes were determined in isolated porcine hearts from subepicardial activation patterns that were produced by local stimulation and measured with a multiterminal electrode. In some of the experiments extracellular [K+] ([K+]o) and transmembrane potentials were recorded. During normal perfusion vL and vT were (cm/sec) 50.08 +/- 2.13, (SE) and 21.08 +/- 0.97. After 3 to 5 min of global ischemia, vL and vT decreased to approximately 30 and 13 cm/sec. Before the occurrence of total inexcitability propagation became time dependent 2: 1 block developed and centrifugal spread from the stimulus site was partially blocked at short intervals and was normal at long intervals. This suggested that slowed conduction was dependent on spatial nonuniformities of recovery from excitability. Slowing of conduction during ischemia was not explained by accumulation of [K+]o alone, because vL and vT at a given [K+]o were lower during ischemia than during per...
Efficient and selective adenovirus-mediated gene transfer into vascular neointima.
Authors: R J Guzman, P Lemarchand, R G Crystal, S E Epstein, T Finkel
Journal: Circulation (1993)

Previous attempts to target arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) for gene delivery using liposomal or retroviral methods were limited by low transfection efficiency. We therefore evaluated the efficiency of adenovirus-mediated gene delivery in cultured vascular SMCs and in an in vivo model of balloon injury-induced SMC cell proliferation.We used a recombinant adenovirus, Ad.RSV beta gal, which contained the beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) histochemical marker gene. For in vitro studies, rat aortic SMCs were incubated in media containing Ad.RSV beta gal for 5 to 120 minutes. The proportion of SMCs expressing the beta-gal gene product increased from 25% (5-minute exposure) to 80% (120-minute exposure). For in vivo studies, uninjured and injured rat carotid segments were incubated with 0.5 to 1.0 x 10(9) pfu Ad.RSV beta gal for 45 minutes. Uninjured arteries showed adenovirus-mediated gene transfer limited to the endothelium. Injured arteries were exposed to adenovirus 0, 3, 7, or 12 days after injury. In these segments, beta-gal expression was minimal with infection at 0 or 3 days after injury but marked when infection was delayed until 7 or 12 days after injury. Neointimal cells constituted the dominant target of adenovirus gene transfer, with efficiency of gene transfer ranging from 10% to > 75%. Medial SMCs, whether covered or uncovered by neointimal cells, were minimally infected. Infection with a control adenovirus vector showed no beta-gal staining.Recombinant adenovirus selectively targets neointimal cells with high-efficiency gene transfer. This suggests that adenovirus vectors should be useful in targeting cells for the delivery of genes whose products may be relevant to the treatment of restenosis.
Nanocomposite sponges for enhancing intestinal residence time following oral administration
Authors: Annalisa Rosso, Valentina Andretto, Yves Chevalier, David Kryza, Jacqueline Sidi-Boumedine, Ana Grenha, Filipa Guerreiro, Adem Gharsallaoui, Veronica La Padula, Alexandra Montembault, Laurent David, Stéphanie Briançon, Giovanna Lollo
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2021)
Randomized Trial of Etelcalcetide for Cardiac Hypertrophy in Hemodialysis
Authors: Katharina Dörr, Michael Kammer, Roman Reindl-Schwaighofer, Matthias Lorenz, Thomas Prikoszovich, Rodrig Marculescu, Dietrich Beitzke, Alice Wielandner, Reinhold G. Erben, Rainer Oberbauer
Journal: Circulation Research (2021)

[Figure: see text].
Fibroblasts upregulate expression of adhesion molecules and promote lymphocyte retention in 3D fibroin/gelatin scaffolds
Authors: Maxim A. Nosenko, Anastasia M. Moysenovich, Anastasia Y. Arkhipova, Kamar-Sulu N. Atretkhany, Sergei A. Nedospasov, Marina S. Drutskaya, Mikhail M. Moisenovich
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)

Bioengineered scaffolds are crucial components in artificial tissue construction. In general, these scaffolds provide inert three-dimensional (3D) surfaces supporting cell growth. However, some scaffolds can affect the phenotype of cultured cells, especially, adherent stromal cells, such as fibroblasts. Here we report on unique properties of 3D fibroin/gelatin materials, which may rapidly induce expression of adhesion molecules, such as ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, in cultured primary murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). In contrast, two-dimensional (2D) fibroin/gelatin films did not show significant effects on gene expression profiles in fibroblasts as compared to 3D culture conditions. Interestingly, TNF expression was induced in MEFs cultured in 3D fibroin/gelatin scaffolds, while genetic or pharmacological TNF ablation resulted in diminished ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression by these cells. Using selective MAPK inhibitors, we uncovered critical contribution of JNK to 3D-induced upregulation of these adhesion molecules. Moreover, we observed ICAM-1/VCAM-1-dependent adhesion of lymphocytes to fibroblasts cultured in 3D fibroin/gelatin scaffolds, but not on 2D fibroin/gelatin films, suggesting functional reprogramming in stromal cells, when exposed to 3D environment. Finally, we observed significant infiltration of lymphocytes into 3D fibroin/gelatin, but not into collagen scaffolds in vivo upon subcapsular kidney implantation in mice. Together our data highlight the important features of fibroin/gelatin scaffolds, when they are produced as 3D sponges rather than 2D films, which should be considered when using these materials for tissue engineering.
Carotid sinus baroreceptor reflex control of the circulation in medial sclerotic and renal hypertensive rabbits and its modification by the aortic baroreceptors.
Authors: J EAngell-James, M JGeorge
Journal: Circulation Research (1980)

We studied the reflex control of blood pressure, heart rate, and hindlimb vascular resistance by the carotid sinus baroreceptors in normal (N), experimental renal hypertensive (RH, one kidney renal wrap model), and medial sclerotic (MS) rabbits under urethane anaesthesia using an isolated perfused carotid sinus preparation and auto-perfused hindlimb. The contralateral carotid sinus was denervated. Compared to N rabbits, the blood pressure and hindlimb vascular resistance of RH and MS rabbits were significantly elevated at all carotid sinus pressures 15 weeks after inducing the disease process. The maximum gains of the curves relating carotid sinus pressure to vascular resistance were significantly elevated in the MS and RH rabbits, but those relating carotid sinus pressure to heart rate were significantly reduced. The changes were greatest in the RH group in which the responses also were set to a higher carotid sinus pressure. In the three groups, division of the aortic nerves produced different changes i...
Neurophysiological assessment of skeletal muscle fatigue in patients with congestive heart failure.
Authors: J RMinotti, PPillay, LChang, LWells, B MMassie
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDRecent research has demonstrated that patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) exhibit significant functional impairment of skeletal muscle and that these changes may be important determinants of exercise capacity. Although muscle strength may be mildly reduced, the most significant abnormality is markedly enhanced muscle fatigue. The goal of the present study is to determine whether accelerated fatigue is caused by impaired muscle activation, as a result of inadequate central motor drive or neuromuscular transmission, or by a change in the muscle itself.METHODS AND RESULTSThe study population consisted of nine patients with New York Heart Association class I-III CHF and eight sedentary, age- and sex-matched control subjects. Maximal voluntary contraction force of the foot dorsiflexors (primarily the tibialis anterior) was quantified as a measure of muscle strength, isometric endurance was quantified by the time required for force to decline to 60% of maximal during a sustained maximal contr...
Nontraumatic determination of left ventricular ejection fraction by radionuclide angiocardiography.
Authors: H RSchelbert, J WVerba, A DJohnson, G WBrock, N PAlazraki, F JRose, W LAshburn
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Previous reports have suggested that left ventricular ejection fraction can be assessed by recording the passage of peripherally administered radioactive bolus through the heart. The accuracy and validity of this technique were examined in 20 patients undergoing diagnostic cardiac catheterization. 99m-Tc-human serum albumin was injected via a central venous catheter into the superior vena cava and precordial activity recorded with a gamma scintillation camera interfaced to a small digital computer. A computer program was designed to generate time-activity curves from the left ventricular blood pool and to calculate left ventricular ejection fractions from the cyclic fluctuations of the left ventricular time-activity curve which correspond to left ventricular volume changes during each cardiac cycle. The results correlated well with those obtained by biplane cineangiocardiography (r equals 0.94) and indicated that the technique should allow accurate and reproducible determination of left ventricular ejecti...
Characterization and localization of endothelin receptor subtypes in the human atrioventricular conducting system and myocardium.
Authors: PMolenaar, GO'Reilly, ASharkey, R EKuc, D PHarding, CPlumpton, G AGresham, A PDavenport
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

The characterization and localization of endothelin A (ETA) and endothelin B (ETB) receptors have been determined in tissue sections of the human atrioventricular conducting system, surrounding regions of atrial and ventricular myocardium, and the left ventricular free wall by use of radioligand binding, polymerase chain reaction, and in situ hybridization. Selective ETA (BQ123) and ETB (BQ3020) compounds in conjunction with [125I]endothelin-1 revealed the presence of ETA and ETB receptors in the left ventricular free wall (BQ123: 57 +/- 5% ETA, 43 +/- 2% ETB, n = 3; BQ3020: 67 +/- 3% ETA, 33 +/- 3% ETB, n = 3). Autoradiography using [125I]endothelin-1 in the absence or presence of BQ3020, BQ123, or endothelin-1 showed ETA and ETB receptors localized to atrial and ventricular myocardium, the atrioventricular conducting system, and endocardial cells. There was a higher proportion of ETB receptors in the atrioventricular node and the penetrating and branching bundles of His than in the surrounding intervent...
A neural factor involved in increase of the glycogen phosphorylase activity after coronary ligation in both ischemic and nonischemic areas of the dog heart.
Authors: KSakai, YAbiko
Journal: Circulation Research (1982)

We performed experiments to determine whether or not extracardiac factors are involved in the increase of the glycogen phosphorylase activity after coronary artery ligation in dog hearts. A branch of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was ligated for 1.5 minutes. The glycogen phosphorylase activity was determined in the endo- and epicardial layers. LAD ligation significantly increased the glycogen phosphorylase activity in both LAD (ischemic) and circumflex (nonischemic) areas. Pretreatment with reserpine (1 mg/kg, im, 24 hours before experiments) or hexamethonium (3 mg/kg, iv) prevented the LAD ligation-induced increase in the glycogen phosphorylase activity, but adrenalectomy did not. In the heart-lung preparation and stellectomized dogs, LAD ligation did not increase the glycogen phosphorylase activity in both ischemic and nonischemic areas. Changes in the glycogen phosphorylase activity in the endocardial layers were not essentially different from those in the epicardial layers. In oth...
Relative roles of cardiac and arterial baroreceptors in vasopressin regulation during hemorrhage in conscious dogs.
Authors: Y TShen, A WCowley, S FVatner
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

To determine the relative roles of cardiac and sinoaortic baroreceptors in mediation of arginine vasopressin (AVP) release, hemorrhage was performed in five groups of conscious splenectomized dogs: 1) all nerves intact; 2) either chronic surgical or acute pharmacological (intrapericardial lidocaine) cardiac denervation (CD); 3) chronic sinoarotic denervation (SAD); 4) combined chronic sinoartic denervation plus either chronic or acute cardiac denervation (SAD + CD); and 5) all nerves intact, but with ganglionic blockade. Hemorrhage (0.5 ml/min/kg) reduced mean arterial pressure similarly in the intact and CD groups. Decreases in mean arterial pressure were augmented in SAD, SAD + CD, and ganglion-blocked groups compared with responses in intact and CD groups. There were no differences in responses of plasma AVP to hemorrhage in the intact and CD groups, but the AVP response was significantly blunted in the SAD + CD group as compared with SAD alone. When compared during the early stage of hemorrhage, at th...
Adequate and High-Quality Cleansing Success From Under 5 to at Least 13 Hours After Bowel Preparation Start With Same Day 1L Ner1006: Post Hoc Analysis
Authors: MA Álvarez-González, J Halonen
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Urgent colonoscopies within 8 hours of presentation may increase the diagnostic yield1. Bowel preparations with sustained cleansing efficacy may help endoscopists examine more patients per day. We analysed if 1L polyethylene glycol (PEG) NER1006 could rapidly attain high-quality colon cleansing success and sustain it over a period of typical daily working hours.
Carbon dioxide insufflation vs. conventional saline irrigation for peroral video cholangioscopy
Authors: H. Li, E. Linghu
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

We read with interest the article by Doi et al. [1]. The authors compared the time required to obtain a clear endoscopic image and the quality of the image between using CO2 insufflation and saline irrigation during peroral cholangioscopy (POCS). They found that the preparation time for CO2 insufflation was significantly shorter than that for saline irrigation while the image quality obtained by both methods was similar. This result is very helpful in clinical practice for endoscopists performing POCS.
Agonist-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation in rat thoracic aorta may be mediated through cGMP.
Authors: R MRapoport, FMurad
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

The present study investigates the hypothesis that endothelium-dependent relaxation of vascular smooth muscle may be mediated through the formation of cGMP. Relaxation of the rat thoracic aorta to acetylcholine, histamine, and Ca++ ionophore A23187 was associated with increased levels of cGMP in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, whereas cAMP levels were unaltered. Removal of the endothelium prevented relaxation to these agents and prevented the increased levels of cGMP. Removal of the endothelium after exposure to acetylcholine only partially decreased the elevated levels of cGMP, suggesting that the changes in cGMP occurred within the smooth muscle cells. Eicosatetraynoic acid, an inhibitor of lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase, and quinacrine, an inhibitor of phospholipase, prevented and reversed acetylcholine-induced relaxation, respectively, and inhibited acetylcholine-induced increased levels of cGMP. In contrast, sodium nitroprusside-induced relaxation and increased levels of cGMP were indepe...
Monitoring and Evaluating Progress towards Universal Health Coverage in Tanzania
Authors: Gemini Mtei, Suzan Makawia, Honorati Masanja
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2014)

This paper is a country case study for the Universal Health Coverage Collection, organized by WHO. Gemini Mtei and colleagues illustrate progress towards UHC and its monitoring and evaluation in Tanzania. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
TCTAP A-031 Retrospective Comparison of Midterm Clinical Outcomes After Drug-coated Balloon Dilation Versus Drug-eluting Stents Placement for De-novo Stenosis in Large Vessel
Authors: Tomoaki Ukaji, Tetsuya Ishikawa, Hidehiko Nakamura, Hideyuki Aoki, Kahoko Mori, Taro Takeyama, Yuki Kondo, Masatoshi Shimura, Kota Yamada, Yukiko Mizutani, Itaru Hisauchi, Shiro Nakahara, Sayuki Kobayashi, Isao Taguchi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Familial occurrence of mitral valve prolapse in X-linked muscular dystrophy.
Authors: J HBiddison, D HDembo, HSpalt, M GHayes, C WLeDoux
Journal: Circulation (1979)

A high incidence of mitral valve prolapse (MVP) has been reported in patients with X-linked Duchenne muscular dystrophy. In our study MVP was present in six of 22 Duchenne dystrophy cases (27%) followed in the Maryland General Hospital Muscular Dystrophy Clinic. In addition, seven carriers of Duchenne and X-linked benign (Becker) dystrophy had evidence of MVP. Autosomal dominant transmission of MVP was present in four families. The unusually high prevalence of MVP in families with X-linked muscular dystrophy may have potential value in the recognition of the carrier trait.