tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of diuretics on inner medullary hemodynamics in the dog.
Authors: SSpitalewitz, S YChou, P FFaubert, J GPorush
Journal: Circulation Research (1982)

Although the hemodynamic effects of diuretics have been studied extensively, their effects on inner medullary blood flow remain unknown. In the present study, renal hemodynamics, including papillary plasma flow measured by the albumin accumulation technique, and associated alterations in papillary tissue solute content were determined in anesthetized, hydropenic dogs and during euvolemic diuresis induced by furosemide (3 mg/kg plus 2 mg/kg per hr, iv), ethacrynic acid (3 mg/kg plus 2 mg/kg per hr, iv) or chlorothiazide (10 mg/kg plus 10 mg/kg per hr, iv). Renal blood flow increased significantly after furosemide and ethacrynic acid and decreased significantly after chlorothiazide. Sixty minutes after diuretic administration, papillary plasma flow was 10.8 +/- 1.0 (mean +/- SE) in six furosemide- and 11.3 +/- 2.6 ml/min per 100 g in six ethacrynic acid-treated dogs, both significantly lower than in eight normal or eight chlorothiazide-treated dogs [26.4 +/- 2.6 and 26.7 +/- 2.7 ml/min per 100 g, respective...
Subpulmonary obstruction in congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries due to ventricular membranous septal aneurysms.
Authors: EKrongrad, KEllis, C NSteeg, F OBowman, J RMalm, W MGersony
Journal: Circulation (1976)

The clinical, hemodynamic, and angiographic observations, as well as the surgical approach used for repair in three patients with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries and ventricular membranous septal aneurysms, are presented. In two of the three patients the membranous septal aneurysm caused subpulmonary obstruction, with 94 and 125 mm Hg systolic gradients. In each patient the aneurysm was demonstrated by angiocardiography, which also showed differences in size and shape with cardiac systole and diastole. Review of the previously described reports indicates that patients with congenitally corrected transposition often display various forms of pulmonary outflow obstruction and when a ventricular membranous septal aneurysm exists, a significant subpulmonary obstruction is present in most patients. The unique anatomic relationship between the pulmonary artery and a ventricular membranous septal aneurysm in patients with transposition of the great arteries with and without atrioventric...
The role of L-arginine in ameliorating reperfusion injury after myocardial ischemia in the cat.
Authors: A SWeyrich, X LMa, A MLefer
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDMyocardial ischemia followed by reperfusion results in endothelial dysfunction characterized by a reduced release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF). Because EDRF has been characterized as nitric oxide, we examined the ability of L-arginine, the substrate for nitric oxide synthesis, to protect in a feline model of myocardial ischemia plus reperfusion.METHODS AND RESULTSThe effects of L-arginine were investigated in a 6-hour model of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion in pentobarbital-anesthetized cats. A bolus administration (30 mg/kg) of L-arginine, or its enantiomer D-arginine, was given followed by a continuous infusion of 10 mg/kg/min for 1 hour starting 10 minutes before reperfusion. Myocardial ischemia plus reperfusion in cats receiving D-arginine resulted in severe myocardial injury and endothelial dysfunction characterized by marked myocardial necrosis, high cardiac myeloperoxidase activity in ischemic cardiac tissue, and loss of acetylcholine- and A-23187-induced endothelium...
Oncogenic Mutations in <i>XPO1</i> Promote Lymphoid Transformation By Altering Nuclear/Cytoplasmic Localization of NFκB Signaling Intermediates
Authors: Justin Taylor, Xiao Jing Zhang, Stella V Paffenholz, Alexander V Penson, Matthew Chang, Christina Marcelus, Lillian E Bitner, Young Rock Chung, Akihide Yoshimi, Stanley Chun-Wei Lee, Myriam Boukhali, Rajesh K Soni, Ronald C Hendrickson, Barry S Taylor, Jose A Rodríguez, Wilhelm Haas, Omar Abdel-Wahab
Journal: Blood (2017)
The coronary circulation in human septic shock.
Authors: R ECunnion, G LSchaer, M MParker, CNatanson, J EParrillo
Journal: Circulation (1986)

Reversible myocardial depression, manifested by ventricular dilatation and decreased ejection fraction, is common in human septic shock. A proposed mechanism, based on animal studies, is myocardial ischemia resulting from inadequate coronary blood flow. Coronary flow observations have not been reported for human septic shock. To determine whether myocardial depression in human septic shock is associated with reduced coronary flow, thermodilution coronary sinus catheters were placed in seven patients with septic shock for measurements of coronary flow and myocardial metabolism. Four of the seven patients developed myocardial depression. These patients had coronary flow similar to or higher than that of control subjects and similar to that of the other three patients, who did not develop myocardial depression. None of the patients had net myocardial lactate production. In general, compared with values in control subjects, the oxygen content difference (arterial minus coronary sinus) was narrowed, and the fr...
Use of Real-Time PCR for <i>Chlamydia psittaci</i> Detection in Human Specimens During an Outbreak of Psittacosis — Georgia and Virginia, 2018
Authors: Olivia L. McGovern, Miwako Kobayashi, Kelly A. Shaw, Christine Szablewski, Julie Gabel, Caroline Holsinger, Cherie Drenzek, Skyler Brennan, Jennifer Milucky, Jennifer L. Farrar, Bernard J. Wolff, Alvaro J. Benitez, Kathleen A. Thurman, Maureen H. Diaz, Jonas M. Winchell, Stephanie Schrag
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2021)

Psittacosis is typically a mild febrile respiratory illness caused by infection with the bacterium Chlamydia psittaci and usually transmitted to humans by infected birds (1).On average, 11 psittacosis cases per year were reported in the United States during 2000-2017.During August-October 2018, the largest U.S. psittacosis outbreak in 30 years (82 cases identified*) occurred in two poultry slaughter plants, one each in Virginia and Georgia, that shared source farms (2).CDC used C. psittaci real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to test 54 human specimens from this outbreak.This was the largest number of human specimens from a single outbreak ever tested for C. psittaci using real-time PCR, which is faster and more sensitive than commercially available serologic tests.This represented a rare opportunity to assess the utility of multiple specimen types for real-time PCR detection of C. psittaci.C. psittaci was detected more frequently in lower respiratory specimens (59% [10 of 17]) and stool (four of five) than in upper respiratory specimens (7% [two of 28]).Among six patients with sputum and nasopharyngeal swabs tested, C. psittaci was detected only in sputum in five patients.Cycle threshold (Ct) values suggested bacterial load was higher in lower respiratory specimens than in nasopharyngeal swabs.These findings support prioritizing lower respiratory specimens for real-time PCR detection of C. psittaci.Stool specimens might also have utility for diagnosis of psittacosis.* Although 80 cases had been reported previously, a retrospective review of CDC and medical records and discussion with state partners led to an increase of the case count to 82.During September 19-20, 2018, a health hazard evaluation was conducted at the Virginia plant by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health at the request of the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service.Recommendations to reduce worker risk included repositioning cooling fans, ensuring proper function of evisceration tools, and other changes to workplace practices to reduce bacterial contamination and aerosolization.
Multiple connexins confer distinct regulatory and conductance properties of gap junctions in developing heart.
Authors: R DVeenstra, H ZWang, E MWestphale, E CBeyer
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

Multiple gap junction proteins (connexins) and channels have been identified in developing and adult heart. Functional expression of the three connexins found in chick heart (connexin42, connexin43, and connexin45) by stable transfection of communication-deficient neuro2A (N2A) cells revealed that all three connexin cDNAs are capable of forming physiologically distinct gap junctions that differ in their transjunctional voltage dependence and unitary channel conductances. The transjunctional voltage dependences of connexin45 and connexin42 closely resembled those of 4-day and 18-day embryonic chick heart gap junctions, respectively. The multiple channel conductances between 80 and 240 pS, including the predominant 160 pS channel, observed in embryonic chick heart were also common to connexin42. The expression of multiple gap junction channels with distinct conductance and regulatory properties within a given tissue may account for developmental changes in intercellular communication.
Non-Hodgkin??s Lymphoma
Authors: ALBERT J. MORENO, LEONARD R. SANDERS, NICHOLAS J. BATTAFARANO, THERESSA M. DORAN, GOTTLIEB L. TURNBULL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

Extranodal sites of involvement often characterize non- Hodgkin's lymphomas. Nuclear imaging occasionally clearly demonstrates this involvement. Two patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, one involving the skull and the other the thyroid gland, are presented. Multiple imaging modalities were used in these two cases.
Baroreflex sensitivity and electrophysiological correlates in patients after acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: T GFarrell, VPaul, T RCripps, MMalik, E DBennett, DWard, A JCamm
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDSeveral studies have identified transient disturbances of autonomic function during the acute and recovery phases of myocardial infarction, and it has recently been suggested that survivors of acute myocardial infarction with depressed vagal tone may be at increased risk of sudden or arrhythmic death.METHODS AND RESULTSTo investigate this hypothesis, parasympathetic function was assessed by arterial baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) testing (using the phenylephrine method) and by heart rate variability (HRV) analysis from 24-hour Holter recording in 68 patients at day 7-10 after infarction. The relation between autonomic tone and markers of arrhythmic propensity, including programmed ventricular stimulation (PVS) and late potentials in addition to other clinical variables, was examined. BRS for the whole group was 7.0 +/- 4.7 msec/mm Hg and was inversely correlated with age (r = 0.53, p less than 0.001) but not with left ventricular ejection fraction (r = 0.035, p = NS). In those patients in whom sus...
Delayed afterdepolarizations elicited in vivo by left stellate ganglion stimulation.
Authors: S GPriori, MMantica, P JSchwartz
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Activation of cardiac sympathetic nerves is recognized as a triggering factor for cardiac arrhythmias. However, the mechanisms involved have only been speculated. Because evidence from studies in vitro has established a relation between catecholamines, delayed afterdepolarizations (DAD), and triggered rhythms, it seemed possible that in vivo adrenergic activation also might lead to the development of DAD. Because very little evidence was available for DAD in vivo, we have evaluated whether monophasic action potential (MAP) recording with a contact electrode could be a suitable technique for the detection of DAD from the endocardium of anesthetized cats. In six animals, atrial pacing and graded aortic constriction were performed during MAP recording to assess MAP stability during hemodynamic changes, and in no cases were modifications of the baseline observed. In 11 cats, calcium gluconate (0.5 g) and G-strophanthin (100 micrograms) were administered. Action potential duration at 50% (APD50) and 90% (APD90...
The length of hospitalization after acute myocardial infarction determined by risk calculation.
Authors: E BMadsen, PHougaard, EGilpin, APedersen
Journal: Circulation (1983)

The feasibility of the use of a Cox model for risk assessment of individualized hospital discharge after myocardial infarction was evaluated. First, a previously developed prognostic index computed at the fifth day after admission was tested on a new population of 1140 patients. It was confirmed that after 5 days half of the patients (52%) could be discharged with low risk. Second, a new competing risk variant of the Cox model that updates prognosis according to the occurrence of complications was developed that describes the risk of death, cardiac arrest, and cardiogenic shock within 44 days after hospital admission. With a risk of one of these events being below 2% during a 14 day period after proposed discharge, 453 patients of 966 survivors (47%) could be discharged after only 5 days. A longer stay (of up to 30 days) was proposed for 338 patients (35%) to achieve the same level of risk. The savings in hospitalization days would be 15%. These results were confirmed in a new sample of 197 patients from ...
Left ventricular function after repair of tetralogy of fallot and its relationship to age at surgery.
Authors: K MBorow, L HGreen, A RCastaneda, J FKeane
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Left ventricular (LV) work-function curves were used to assess LV performance in eight postoperative tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) patients who underwent repair before 2 years of age (group 1) and 12 patients who underwent repair after 2 years of age (group 2). All patients were without significant residual shunts or pulmonary stenosis. Results were compared with those in seven control patients. Left- and right-heart hemodynamics were measured at various levels of afterload induced by methoxamine while heart rate was maintained constant. Cardiac output was serially measured. The slope (m) for each patient's LV end-diastolic pressure (EDP) vs LV minute-work index (MWI) relationship was determined. There were no significant differences in resting cardiac index, LV systolic pressure, LVEDP, aortic oxygen saturation or MWI among the groups. However, with afterload stress, group 2 patients had abnormal work-function curves with depressed slopes (m = 0.21 +/- 0.04) compared with the values for group 1 patients (m =...
ADP plays an important role in mediating platelet aggregation and cyclic flow variations in vivo in stenosed and endothelium-injured canine coronary arteries.
Authors: S KYao, J COber, JMcNatt, C RBenedict, MRosolowsky, H VAnderson, KCui, J PMaffrand, W BCampbell, L MBuja
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

The goal of this study was to test the hypotheses that endogenous ADP plays an important role in vivo in mediating platelet aggregation and cyclic coronary artery blood flow variations (CFVs) in stenosed and endothelium-injured coronary arteries in an experimental canine model. Anesthetized animals were studied and coronary blood flow velocities monitored by a pulsed Doppler flow probe positioned around the left anterior descending coronary artery. CFVs were established by an external constrictor positioned at sites with injured endothelium. Apyrase, an ADP-removing enzyme, was infused into the left anterior descending coronary artery (0.3-1.8 units/min) 30 minutes or 2 hours after the establishment of CFVs. Complete abolition of CFVs was achieved in 81% (13/16) of dogs with 30-minute CFVs and in 83% (five of six) of dogs with 2-hour CFVs. In other dogs, a potent inhibitor of ADP-induced platelet aggregation, clopidogrel, was administered as a 10 mg/kg i.v. bolus and a 2.5 mg/kg/hr infusion 30 minutes and...
Electrogram patterns predicting successful catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia.
Authors: D MFitzgerald, K JFriday, J AWah, RLazzara, W MJackman
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Ventricular tachycardia in patients with remote myocardial infarction is thought to be due to reentry. To improve the efficacy of catheter ablation, we sought to identify electrograms identifying essential components of the reentrant circuit. In this study we compared the efficacy of shocks delivered at sites of early ventricular activation during tachycardia (presumably exit sites from the reentrant circuit) with that of shocks delivered at sites recording mid-diastolic potentials that were not continuous with the main ventricular potential recorded during the QRS complex, but that always remained associated with the tachycardia during initiation, termination, and resetting with extrastimuli (presumably activation of a segment of the slowly conducting region of the reentrant circuit). A total of 20 attempts was made to ablate 14 monomorphic ventricular tachycardias in 10 patients with remote myocardial infarction with use of one to five shocks of 50 to 370 J (200 J in 70%). All seven tachycardias in whic...
Plasma level and gene polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme in relation to myocardial infarction.
Authors: FCambien, OCosterousse, LTiret, OPoirier, LLecerf, M FGonzales, AEvans, DArveiler, J PCambou, GLuc
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDThe angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) plays an important role in the production of angiotensin II and the degradation of bradykinin, two peptides involved in cardiovascular homeostasy. Presence of a polymorphism in the ACE gene (ACE Ss) has been postulated from segregation analysis of plasma ACE in families. This putative polymorphism, which strongly affects the plasma and cellular levels of ACE, probably by modulating ACE gene transcription, has not yet been identified at the molecular level; however, an insertion/deletion polymorphism is present in the 16th intron of the ACE gene (ACE I/D) and appears to be a very good marker for ACE Ss. The biological role of ACE suggests that the ACE gene polymorphism could affect the predisposition to myocardial infarction (MI).METHODS AND RESULTSWe have recently shown, in a large case-control study (ECTIM), that the marker allele D of the ACE gene, which is associated with higher levels of ACE in plasma and cells, was more frequent in male patients with ...
Serum glycoproteins in coronary artery disease.
Authors: SSnyder, E LCoodley, B CDurham, R SPennock
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Serum glycoprotein levels were compared in two groups of age- and sex-matched patients, 15 with coronary artery disease and 14 normal controls. While total glycoprotein levels were increased in the coronary group, significantly higher levels were found in only five of 16 glycoproteins--C3c haptoglobin, GC-globulin, alpha1-acid glycoprotein, and C3 activator--with no change in 10 other glycoproteins and significant decrease in transferrin. This study demonstrates what appears to be a glycoprotein profile in coronary artery disease and reviews possible interactions of glycoproteins with known risk factors in atherogenesis.
Leisure time physical activity and coronary heart disease death. The US Railroad Study.
Authors: M LSlattery, D RJacobs, M ZNichaman
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Seventeen to 20 years of mortality follow-up were used to study the relation of leisure time physical activity (LTPA) to coronary heart disease mortality and to all-cause mortality in white male US railroad workers (n = 3,043). This cohort was initially examined from 1957 to 1960, reexamined from 1962 to 1964, and followed until 1977 or death. LTPA was ascertained by a precursor of the Minnesota Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire. The risk estimate for coronary heart disease death, after adjusting for age, was 1.39 for sedentary men who expended 40 kcal/wk in LTPA compared with very active men who expended 3,632 kcal/wk. This relation was attenuated by adjusting for other coronary heart disease risk factors, but it remained independent and significant. Caloric expenditure in light and moderate activity, as well as that performed in any intense activity, showed independent relations to cardiovascular death and all-cause mortality. Associations were slightly stronger in occupationally sedentary me...
Pressure-flow characteristics of coronary stenoses in unsedated dogs at rest and during coronary vasodilation.
Authors: K LGould
Journal: Circulation Research (1978)

The pressure-flow characteristics of 100 left circumflex stenoses in 10 chronically instrumented unsedated dogs were studied under resting conditions and during pharmacological coronary vasodilation. At rest, the pressure loss (deltaP) due to a stenosis and arterial flow velocity (V) were related by the equation, deltaP = FV + SV2, where F is the coefficient of pressure loss due to viscous friction in the stenotic segment and S is the coefficient of pressure loss due to flow separation at the diverging end of the stenosis. The linear term due to viscous friction accounted for 65% and the nonlinear term due to flow separation accounted for 35% of the total pressure loss at resting coronary flow. At peak coronary flow after coronary vasodilation, the pressure loss due to viscous friction accounted for 33% and pressure loss due to flow separation accounted for 67% of the total pressure loss. The pressure gradient-velocity relationship at high flows was characterized by the same general equation but with prop...
Effect of 12 months of intense exercise training on stroke volume in patients with coronary artery disease.
Authors: J MHagberg, A AEhsani, J OHolloszy
Journal: Circulation (1983)

The purpose of this study was to determine whether 12 months of intense endurance exercise training can induce an increase in left ventricular stroke volume and in stroke work during exercise in patients with coronary artery disease. Eleven male patients were studied. With training, mean maximal oxygen uptake capacity (Vo2max) increased 39%, from 1.85 +/- 0.36 to 2.57 +/- 0.43 l/min. Stroke volume during upright exercise that required 35-65% of Vo2max was 18% higher after training. At the same percentage of Vo2max, mean blood pressure was the same before and after training; as a result, left ventricular stroke work (mean blood pressure X stroke volume) increased 18% (p less than 0.01). These findings suggest that in patients with coronary artery disease, prolonged, intense training induces an increase in stroke volume, and this is a result of cardiac rather than peripheral adaptations.
cGMP inhibits the activity of single calcium channels in embryonic chick heart cells.
Authors: NTohse, NSperelakis
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Effects of cGMP on the slow (L-type) Ca2+ channels of cultured chick embryonic cardiomyocytes were investigated by a cell-attached patch-clamp method. Superfusion of the single cells with 8-bromo-cGMP, a membrane-permeable derivative of cGMP, inhibited the single-channel activity. The cyclic nucleotide decreased, in a concentration-dependent manner, the ensemble averaged currents obtained from multichannel patches. 8-Bromo-cGMP (1 mM) completely abolished the currents (n = 8), whereas 0.1 mM only slightly decreased the currents (n = 4). The influence of cGMP on the characteristics of the single Ca2+ channels was examined using 0.3 mM 8-bromo-cGMP. Unit amplitude and slope conductance of the Ca2+ channel was not changed (25 pS in control versus 24 pS in the presence of cGMP). Analysis of single-channel kinetics showed that cGMP prolonged the slow time constant for the closed-time histogram (from 6.7 to 15.4 msec); the other time constants (for the open-time and closed-time histograms) were not affected. cG...