tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
What is the evidence base of used aggregated antibiotic resistance percentages to change empirical antibiotic treatment? A scoping review
Authors: Ali Auzin, Menoeska Spits, Evelina Tacconelli, José Rodríguez-Baño, Marlies Hulscher, Eddy Adang, Andreas Voss, Heiman Wertheim
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2021)

ObjectivesAntibiotic resistance requires continuous monitoring by experts to decide whether empirical antibiotic therapies (EATs) should be replaced by alternative antibiotics. The exact moment and criteria for this change are unclear and generally based on consensus between experts. This scoping review aims to identify from the literature the resistance thresholds used for a change in EAT and the criteria on which they are based.MethodsScoping review for which a comprehensive structured literature search was conducted. Rayyan, software for systematic reviews, was used for the screening of abstracts and titles. Data sources were Pubmed and a hand-search of reference lists and grey literature. Papers were eligible if they concerned any type of bacterial infectious disease and mentioned or defined antibiotic resistance thresholds for decision-making purposes for EAT. The inclusion and analysis of articles was done by two researchers; any conflicts were resolved through discussion or by consulting a third reviewer.ResultsWe identified 3146 unique papers. Following title/abstract screening, 125 papers were comprehensively read, and 16 papers were included. The included papers gave thresholds for urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, meningitis, skin and soft tissue infections, gonorrhoea, and bone and joint infections. Six criteria were found that were commonly used to base the thresholds on. These were: disease severity, efficacy of treatment, adverse drug events, risk of Clostridioides difficile infection, costs, and increased resistance. The number of criteria used to define each threshold varied from one to six between papers.ConclusionsThe thresholds used for EATs are few, commonly based on expert opinion estimates, and can therefore have broad ranges. Used criteria underlying reported thresholds are heterogenous and require standardization. Considering the rising trend in resistance, there is a clear need for rigid tools to determine thresholds in order to support guideline development with the best and timely evidence.
Abstract 13198: Impact of Targeted Resident Education on Perceptions of Communication and Participation in Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Saahil Jumkhawala, Maciej Tysarowski, Hasan Ali, Majd Hemam, Anne Sutherland
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: Debriefing sessions after in-hospital cardiac arrest have been demonstrated to improve teamwork and survival outcomes. Though recommended in 2020 AHA Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care, implementation remains low. Hypothesis: We postulated that a didactic training session provided to code leaders would increase rates of participation of AHA-recommended post-arrest debriefing sessions. Methods: Surveys were distributed to hospital personnel who participate in code blue/ERTs at an academic, tertiary-care medical center. Questions were graded on Likert scale to assess provider-reported perceptions of teamwork, communication, and confidence in conducting and participating in Code Blues. Participants were stratified in groups depending on whether they had previously participated in debriefing sessions. Primary outcomes were quantified using a Likert-type scale ranging from 1 to 5. Surveys were compared to surveys from prior years to assess if the intervention of a code blue didactics lecture delivered to code leaders resulted in any change in overall participation rate in the debriefing protocol. Results: Among 181 participants (61% female), 32% were residents, 54% nurses, 1.7% respiratory therapists. Self-evaluated current knowledge of ACLS protocols was significantly higher in the debriefing group (p = 0.0098), while there were no differences in perceived communication (p=0.76), and confidence in leading (p = 0.2) and participating (p = 0.2). We did not find a statistically significant difference in debriefing participation rate after our intervention (57% pre vs 58% post intervention, p=0.8), even when stratified by hospital role: critical care nurses (50% vs 71%, p=0.3), non-ICU nurses (68% vs 57%, p=0.3) and residents (67% vs 50%, p=0.2). Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that participation in post-code debriefing sessions was associated with a statistically significant increase in knowledge of cardiac arrest protocols. A code blue didactics lecture did not result in a statistically significant increase in post-arrest debriefing participation. Further study to elucidate methods to enhance adoption of this crucial, guideline recommended practice is warranted.
Different Treatment Approaches to Blast Phase-Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
Authors: Franco Castillo Tokumori, Najla Al Ali, Onyee Chan, David A. Sallman, Seongseok Yun, Kendra Sweet, Eric Padron, Jeffrey E. Lancet, Rami S. Komrokji, Andrew T. Kuykendall
Journal: Blood (2021)
109P Treatment patterns in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) after discontinuing an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in second-line or later in Germany and France
Authors: F. Griesinger, M. Pérol, I. Durand-Zaleski, L. Bosquet, S. Zacharias, A. Calleja, S. Patel, D. Waldenberger, D. Reynaud, R. Carroll, M.J. Daumont, J.R. Penrod, L. Lacoin, C. Chouaid
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Abstract 13292: Comparison of Outcomes Between Pulseless Electrical Activity by Electrocardiography and Pulseless Myocardial Activity by Echocardiography in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Romolo Gaspari
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Objective: To measure prevalence of discordance between electrical activity recorded by electrocardiography (ECG) and myocardial activity visualized by echocardiography (echo) in patients presenting after cardiac arrest and to compare survival outcomes in cohorts defined by ECG and echo. Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a previously published prospective study at twenty hospitals. Patients presenting after out-of-hospital arrest were included. The cardiac electrical activity was defined by ECG and contemporaneous myocardial activity was defined by bedside echo. Myocardial activity by echo was classified as myocardial asystole- -the absence of myocardial movement, pulseless myocardial activity (PMA)--visible myocardial movement but no pulse, and myocardial fibrillation- -visualized fibrillation. Primary outcome was the prevalence of discordance between electrical activity and myocardial activity. Secondary outcome was survival to hospital discharge. Results: 793 patients and 1943 pauses in CPR were included. 28.6% of CPR pauses demonstrated a difference in electrical activity (ECG) and myocardial activity (echo), 5.0% with asystole (ECG) and PMA (echo), and 22.1% with PEA (ECG) and myocardial asystole (echo). Survival to hospital admission for patients with PMA (echo) was 29.1% (95%CI-23.9-34.9) compared to those with PEA (ECG) (21.4%, 95%CI-17.7-25.6). Twenty-five percent of the 32 pauses in CPR with a shockable rhythm by echo demonstrated a non-shockable rhythm by ECG and were not defibrillated. One of these patients survived, a patient with asystole on ECG and vfib by echo survived because vfib was identified on ECG during a subsequent pause and was defibrillated. Conclusion: Patients in cardiac arrest commonly demonstrate different electrical (ECG) and myocardial activity (echo). Further research is needed to better define cardiac activity during cardiac arrest and to explore outcome between groups defined by electrical and myocardial activity.
The deubiquitinase OTUD1 inhibits colonic inflammation by suppressing RIPK1-mediated NF-κB signaling
Authors: Bo Wu, Lihua Qiang, Yong Zhang, Yesheng Fu, Mengyuan Zhao, Zehui Lei, Zhe Lu, Yan-Ge Wei, Hongmiao Dai, Yingwei Ge, Mingqiu Liu, Xuemei Zhou, Zhiqiang Peng, Hongchang Li, Chun-Ping Cui, Jing Wang, Hui Zheng, Cui Hua Liu, Lingqiang Zhang
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2021)
Assessment of mental health in patients with irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: M. Fircak
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2021)

Background. The study of mental health in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a promising area of medicine not only in terms of determining the psychological profile, but can also serve as an alternative in terms of further management and treatment of this group of patients. The purpose of the study was to examine mental health of IBS patients. Materials and methods. 54 patients with IBS were examined in the psychiatric clinic of Gǟvle Hospital in 2019–2021. They were included in group I of the examined patients. The control group (groupII) included 40 healthy individuals. Assessment of the psychological status was determined using the following methods: 1) Psychological Stress Measure PSM-25 by Lemyr-Tessier-Fillion; 2) The Holmes and Rahe Stress Scale; 3) Health Assessment 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36 Health Assessment). Results. Despite the fact that physical symptoms (abdominal pain, intestinal spasm, defecatory dysfunction) were the main complaints in the clinical picture of our patients with IBS, it was found that the key factor in exacerbating and maintaining IBS physical symptoms are psychosocial (cognitive and emotional) factors. We evaluated the quality of life and psychological state of the examined patients with IBS. Analyzing the PSM-25 questions answered by patients from group I with IBS (n=54) and from control group II (n=40) on the level of psychological stress, the following results were obtained with gender distribution: 42.9% of female patients of group I had a high level of stress, and 50.0% a medium level of stress; low levels of stress were found in only 7.1% of female patients of group I. After analyzing the level of stress, we assessed stress resistance, as a significant proportion of patients showed high and medium levels of stress. The level of stress was significantly higher in patients with IBS compared with the control group II. According to the survey on the psychological and physical component of health, these scores were also reduced in patients with IBS compared with the control group. Conclusions. High and medium levels of stress, as well as reduced stress resistance, were found in IBS patients, which is more pronounced in male patients. Decreased psychological and physical components of health have been found in IBS patients, indicating a reduction in the quality of life of these patients.
Circulating Cytokines Present in Multiple Myeloma Patients Inhibit the Osteoblastic Differentiation of Adipose and Bone Marrow Stem Cells
Authors: Ladan Kobari, Martine Auclair, Olivier Piau, Nathalie Ferrand, Maurice Zaoui, Francois Delhommeau, Bruno Feve, Michele Sabbah, Laurent Garderet
Journal: Blood (2021)
Role of Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation in Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Nathan Y. Yu, Terence T. Sio, Vinicius Ernani, Panayiotis Savvides, Steven E. Schild
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2021)

Patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) are at significant risk of developing brain metastases during their disease course. Prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) has been incorporated into SCLC treatment guidelines to diminish the risk of developing brain metastases. In 2007, a randomized trial suggested that PCI decreases the incidence of brain metastases and prolongs overall survival (OS) in patients with extensive-stage SCLC (ES-SCLC) who have responded to initial therapy. However, this study did not include modern central nervous system imaging with CT or MRI prior to randomization. A more recent Japanese trial with MRI staging and surveillance demonstrated that PCI diminished the incidence of brain metastases but did not improve survival. This review examines the largest clinical studies, controversies, and future directions of PCI in patients with ES-SCLC.
Multicenter, Prospective and Retrospective Observational Cohort Study of Ponatinib in Patients with CML in Italy: Primary Analysis of the Oiti Trial
Authors: Massimo Breccia, Luigia Luciano, Mario Annunziata, Imma Attolico, Alessandra Malato, Elisabetta Abruzzese, Massimiliano Bonifacio, Anna Rita Scortechini, Nicola Cascavilla, Nicola Di Renzo, Stefana Impera, Monia Lunghi, Marco Santoro, Fausto Castagnetti, Alessandro Maggi, Valeria Sargentini, Alfonso Piciocchi, Claudia Galimberti, Alessandra Iurlo
Journal: Blood (2021)
32P Can circulating immune checkpoints and KIT exon 11 mutations be prognostic factors in metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors?
Authors: C. Brando, D. Fanale, L. Incorvaia, L. Algeri, N. Barraco, L.R. Corsini, A. Cucinella, A. Dimino, C. Filorizzo, A. Fiorino, G. Madonia, L. Magrin, E. Pedone, M.R. Ricciardi, R. Sciacchitano, R. Scalia, G. Badalamenti, V. Bazan, A. Russo
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Corrigendum to: Two Functional Epithelial Sodium Channel Isoforms Are Present in Rodents despite Pronounced Evolutionary Pseudogenization and Exon Fusion
Authors: Sean M Gettings, Stephan Maxeiner, Maria Tzika, Matthew R D Cobain, Irina Ruf, Fritz Benseler, Nils Brose, Gabriela Krasteva-Christ, Greetje Vande Velde, Matthias Schönberger, Mike Althaus
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2021)

very C-terminal protein sequence (deposited on GenBank: MN187539) with respect to the current entry (Gene ID: 100714892).The corrected version was used in all experiments and has now been updated in the alignment in order to avoid confusion.
Meta-Analysis of Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel Versus Physician's Choice in the Treatment of Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Parameswaran Hari, Jesus G. Berdeja, Valerio De Stefano, Francesca Gay, Becky Hooper, Anja Haltner, Shaji Kumar, Thomas Martin, Maria-Victoria Mateos, Philippe Moreau, Emily Rosta, Imtiaz A. Samjoo, Saad Z. Usmani, Katja Weisel, Carolyn C. Jackson, Yunsi Olyslager, Jordan M. Schecter, Martin Vogel, Ashraf Garrett, Sam Lee, Tonia Nesheiwat, Lida Pacaud, Changwei Zhou, Satish Valluri, Luciano J. Costa, Yi Lin
Journal: Blood (2021)
Texturing Hierarchical Tissues by Gradient Assembling of Microengineered Platelet‐Lysates Activated Fibers
Authors: Isabel Calejo, Rui L. Reis, Rui M. A. Domingues, Manuela E. Gomes
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2021)

The heterogeneity of hierarchical tissues requires designing multipart engineered constructs as suitable tissue replacements. Herein, the incorporation of platelet lysate (PL) within an electrospun fiber core is proposed aiming for the fabrication of functionally graded 3D scaffolds for heterotypic tissues regeneration, such as tendon-to-bone interfaces. First, anisotropic yarns (A-Yarns) and isotropic threads with nanohydroxyapatite (I-Threads/PL@nHAp) are fabricated to recreate the tendon- and bone-microstructures and both incorporated with PL using emulsion electrospinning for a sustained and local delivery of growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines. Biological performance using human adipose-derived stem cells demonstrates that A-Yarns/PL induce a higher expression of scleraxis, a tenogenic-marker, while in I-Threads/PL@nHAp, higher alkaline phosphatase activity and matrix mineralization suggest an osteogenic commitment without the need for biochemical supplementation compared to controls. As a proof-of-concept, functional 3D gradient scaffolds are fabricated using a weaving technique, resulting in 3D textured hierarchical constructs with gradients in composition and topography. Additionally, the precise delivery of bioactive cues together with in situ biophysical features guide the commitment into a phenotypic gradient exhibiting chondrogenic and osteochondrogenic profiles in the interface of scaffolds. Overall, a promising patch solution for the regeneration of tendon-to-bone tissue interface through the fabrication of PL-functional 3D gradient constructs is demonstrated.
One of Many
Authors: Susan A. Glod
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2021)

On Being a DoctorDecember 2021One of ManySusan A. Glod, MDSusan A. Glod, MDPenn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PennsylvaniaSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M21-3834 Audio Reading - “One of Many” Audio. Virginia L. Hood, MD, a physician from the University of Vermont, reads “One of Many” by Susan A. Glod, MD Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail “Sweetheart, that thing that happened to your friend at the hospital. Are you … ? I mean, did anyone … ?”“Oh, no, Mom. Don't worry. I wasn't the one who got raped or anything like that.”“Oh. Okay. That's … that's good to hear. I, I just … ““It's okay, Mom. Please don't cry. I'm okay. Mom!”The alarm in my daughter's eyes blazed from the rearview mirror of our minivan, and I breathed deep to stop my tears. When she got into the car, I had slipped into my routine of asking, “So, how'd things go today?” ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PennsylvaniaCorresponding Author: Susan A. Glod, MD, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Division of General Internal Medicine, Mail Code H106, 500 University Drive, PO Box 850, Hershey, PA 17033-0850; e-mail, [email protected]psu.edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “One of Many” Audio. Virginia L. Hood, MD, a physician from the University of Vermont, reads “One of Many” by Susan A. Glod, MD Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics December 2021Volume 174, Issue 12Page: 1766-1767 ePublished: 21 December 2021 Issue Published: December 2021 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2021 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Multinight Prevalence, Variability, and Diagnostic Misclassification of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Bastien Lechat, Ganesh Naik, Amy Reynolds, Atqiya Aishah, Hannah Scott, Kelly A. Loffler, Andrew Vakulin, Pierre Escourrou, R. Doug McEvoy, Robert J. Adams, Peter G. Catcheside, Danny J. Eckert
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2021)

Rationale: Recent studies suggest that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity can vary markedly from night to night, which may have important implications for diagnosis and management. Objectives: This study aimed to assess OSA prevalence from multinight in-home recordings and the impact of night-to-night variability in OSA severity on diagnostic classification in a large, global, nonrandomly selected community sample from a consumer database of people that purchased a novel, validated, under-mattress sleep analyzer. Methods: A total of 67,278 individuals aged between 18 and 90 years underwent in-home nightly monitoring over an average of approximately 170 nights per participant between July 2020 and March 2021. OSA was defined as a nightly mean apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) of more than 15 events/h. Outcomes were multinight global prevalence and likelihood of OSA misclassification from a single night's AHI value. Measurements and Main Results: More than 11.6 million nights of data were collected and analyzed. OSA global prevalence was 22.6% (95% confidence interval, 20.9–24.3%). The likelihood of misdiagnosis in people with OSA based on a single night ranged between approximately 20% and 50%. Misdiagnosis error rates decreased with increased monitoring nights (e.g., 1-night F1-score = 0.77 vs. 0.94 for 14 nights) and remained stable after 14 nights of monitoring. Conclusions: Multinight in-home monitoring using novel, noninvasive under-mattress sensor technology indicates a global prevalence of moderate to severe OSA of approximately 20%, and that approximately 20% of people diagnosed with a single-night study may be misclassified. These findings highlight the need to consider night-to-night variation in OSA diagnosis and management.
先天性黑素细胞痣 (胎记) 治疗的成功性衡量
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2021)

先天性黑素细胞痣 (CMN) 即胎记。由于 CMN 的异常外观以及发生皮肤癌 (黑素瘤) 或脑脊柱问题的风险, 可能会对患者的生活产生重大影响。较大的 CMN (超过 20 cm) 相对罕见, 每 20,000 名新生儿中有 1 例。目前, 不同的 CMN 研究往往会衡量不同的结局, 使得研究缺乏对比性。
Air pollution causes skin darkening
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2021)

Several animal species including pigeons, moths and sea snakes develop darker skin when exposed to urban or industrial pollution. This may be a protective mechanism: melanin (the pigment that gives human skin, hair and eyes their colour) can bind environmental toxins and dispose of them by normal skin‐shedding. In this study, funded partly by companies marketing skincare products, researchers in Germany investigated this in human skin. The authors used both ‘ex vivo’ and ‘in vivo’ experiments. In ex vivo studies tissue is taken from a living organism, in this case people having operations, and then studied in a laboratory. In contrast, in in vivo studies the experiments are actually carried out in the living organism, in this case healthy volunteers.
Genomic Features of Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer Arising After Prostate Radiotherapy
Authors: Matthew Mossanen, Filipe L.F. Carvalho, Vinayak Muralidhar, Mark A. Preston, Brendan Reardon, Jake R. Conway, Catherine Curran, Dory Freeman, Sybil Sha, Guru Sonpavde, Michelle Hirsch, Adam S. Kibel, Eliezer M. Van Allen, Kent W. Mouw
Journal: European Urology (2021)
Neutrophilic inflammation and epithelial barrier disruption in nasal polyps characterize non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug exacerbated respiratory disease
Authors: Anand Kumar Andiappan, Mohammad Asad, Celine Chua, Esha Sehanobish, Zhen Ren, Xue Ying Chan, Josephine Lum, Nicholas Ang, Kaibo Duan, Adam Gersten, Waleed M. Abuzeid, Nadeem Akbar, Marc Gibber, Shanshan Howland, Bernett Lee, Olaf Rotzschke, Steven A. Porcelli, Elina Jerschow
Journal: Allergy (2021)

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Micro‐/Nanorobots in Antimicrobial Applications: Recent Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities
Authors: Zifeng Zhang, Lu Wang, Tony K. F. Chan, Zigui Chen, Margaret Ip, Paul K. S. Chan, Joseph J. Y. Sung, Li Zhang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2021)

Abstract The evolution of drug‐resistant pathogenic bacteria remains one of the most urgent threats to public health worldwide. Even worse, the bacterial cells commonly form biofilms through aggregation and adhesion, preventing antibiotic penetration and resisting environmental stress. Moreover, biofilms tend to grow in some hard‐to‐reach regions, bringing difficulty for antibiotic delivery at the infected site. The drug‐resistant pathogenic bacteria and intractable biofilm give rise to chronic and recurrent infections, exacerbating the challenge in combating bacterial infections. Micro/nanorobots (MNRs) are capable of active cargo delivery, targeted treatment with high precision, and motion‐assisted mechanical force, which enable transport and enhance penetration of antibacterial agents into the targeted site, thus showing great promise in emerging as an attractive alternative to conventional antibacterial therapies. This review summarizes the recent advances in micro‐/nanorobots for antibacterial applications, with emphasis on those novel strategies for drug‐resistance bacterium and stubborn biofilm infections. Insights on the future development of MNRs with good functionality and biosafety offer promising approaches to address infections in the clinic setting.