tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
B-1b Cells Possess Unique bHLH-Driven P62-Dependent Self-Renewal and Atheroprotection
Authors: Tanyaporn Pattarabanjird, Melissa Marshall, Aditi Upadhye, Prasad Srikakulapu, James C. Garmey, Antony Haider, Angela M. Taylor, Esther Lutgens, Coleen A. McNamara
Journal: Circulation Research (2022)

B1a and B1b lymphocytes produce IgM that inactivates oxidation-specific epitopes (IgMOSE) on LDL (low-density lipoprotein) and protects against atherosclerosis. Loss of ID3 (inhibitor of differentiation 3) in B cells selectively promotes B1b but not B1a cell numbers, leading to higher IgMOSE production and reduction in atherosclerotic plaque formation. Yet, the mechanism underlying this regulation remains unexplored.Bulk RNA sequencing was utilized to identify differentially expressed genes in B1a and B1b cells from Id3KO and Id3WT mice. CRISPR/Cas9 and lentiviral genome editing coupled with adoptive transfer were used to identify key Id3-dependent signaling pathways regulating B1b cell proliferation and the impact on atherosclerosis. Biospecimens from humans with advanced coronary artery disease imaging were analyzed to translate murine findings to human subjects with coronary artery disease.Through RNA sequencing, P62 was found to be enriched in Id3KO B1b cells. Further in vitro characterization reveals a novel role for P62 in mediating BAFF (B-cell activating factor)-induced B1b cell proliferation through interacting with TRAF6 (tumor necrosis factor receptor 6) and activating NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B), leading to subsequent C-MYC (C-myelocytomatosis) upregulation. Promoter-reporter assays reveal that Id3 inhibits the E2A protein from activating the P62 promoter. Mice adoptively transferred with B1 cells overexpressing P62 exhibited an increase in B1b cell number and IgMOSE levels and were protected against atherosclerosis. Consistent with murine mechanistic findings, P62 expression in human B1 cells was significantly higher in subjects harboring a function-impairing single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at rs11574 position in the ID3 gene and directly correlated with plasma IgMOSE levels.This study unveils a novel role for P62 in driving BAFF-induced B1b cell proliferation and IgMOSE production to attenuate diet-induced atherosclerosis. Results identify a direct role for Id3 in antagonizing E2A from activating the p62 promoter. Moreover, analysis of putative human B1 cells also implicates these pathways in coronary artery disease subjects, suggesting P62 as a new immunomodulatory target for treating atherosclerosis.
Comparative efficacy and tolerability of 32 oral and long-acting injectable antipsychotics for the maintenance treatment of adults with schizophrenia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Johannes Schneider-Thoma, Konstantina Chalkou, Carola Dörries, Irene Bighelli, Anna Ceraso, Maximilian Huhn, Spyridon Siafis, John M Davis, Andrea Cipriani, Toshi A Furukawa, Georgia Salanti, Stefan Leucht
Journal: The Lancet (2022)
Melding Synthetic Molecules and Genetically Encoded Proteins to Forge New Tools for Neuroscience
Authors: Pratik Kumar, Luke D. Lavis
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (2022)

Unraveling the complexity of the brain requires sophisticated methods to probe and perturb neurobiological processes with high spatiotemporal control. The field of chemical biology has produced general strategies to combine the molecular specificity of small-molecule tools with the cellular specificity of genetically encoded reagents. Here, we survey the application, refinement, and extension of these hybrid small-molecule:protein methods to problems in neuroscience, which yields powerful reagents to precisely measure and manipulate neural systems.
Books Received
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
TRADES UNIONISM AND PHYSICIANS.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medicare funding of nursing education
Authors: A. K. Weber
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —I agree with Dr Aiken and Ms Gwyther<sup>1</sup>that a percentage of Medicare funding should go to advanced practice nursing, but I do not support Medicare funding for baccalaureate nursing education. The educational and economic changes in our society favor diploma schools of nursing where a large percentage of students already have earned a baccalaureate degree and have limited financial resources. They paid the price for "higher education" only to find themselves in debt and without a decent income. The emerging trend in nursing education is the RN to MSN program whereby diploma and associate degree nurses bypass the redundant, expensive BSN and move to advanced practice. The mission of diploma schools is to provide quality bedside nurses, not practitioners, researchers, educators, or managers. The graying of America is here and the graying of nursing is right around the corner. Who will care for our elderly
Simple fluorescent EIA for detection and quantification of hepatitis C viremia 1) Tokyo Metro. Komagome Hosp. Japan. 2) Univ Florida College of Medicine, USA. 3) Nagoya City Univ., Japan. 4) Shinshu Univ. Japan. 5) Tokyo Metro Inst Medi Sci Japan. 6) Intern Reagents Co., Japan. 7) Tonen Co., Japan
Journal: Hepatology (1995)
ASSOCIATION ITEMS.
Journal: JAMA (1888)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Channelling the Emperor: What Really Killed Napoleon?
Authors: Francesco Mari, Elisabetta Bertol, Vittorio Fineschi, Steven B Karch
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2004)

Arsenic was present in Napoleon's hair before he arrived on Saint Helena and the findings at necropsy are consistent only with the diagnosis of ulcerating, regionally invasive, gastric carcinoma. The question of whether Napoleon died of, or merely with, arsenic poisoning is illuminated by developments in the treatment of promyelocytic leukaemia. Arsenic trioxide induces remission in many, but treatment can be complicated by QT prolongation, torsades de pointes and sudden death. At clinically relevant concentrations, arsenic blocks both I Kr and I ks channels and, at the same time, activates I K-ATP channels. The balance of these forces is easily disrupted, and QT prolongation is worsened by hypokalaemia. Napoleon was chronically treated with tartar emetic for gastrointestinal symptoms, and the day before he died he was given a huge dose of calomel (mercurous chloride) as a purgative. Both treatments would have caused potassium wastage. In addition, the Emperor was being treated with a decoction containing ‘bark’—presumably ‘Jesuit's bark’. The quinine in Jesuit's bark is another cause of QT prolongation. It is likely that the immediate cause of the Emperor's death was torsades de pointes, brought on by chronic exposure to arsenic and a medication error.
Venetoclax consolidation after fixed-duration venetoclax plus obinutuzumab for previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (HOVON 139/GiVe): primary endpoint analysis of a multicentre, open-label, randomised, parallel-group, phase 2 trial
Authors: Sabina Kersting, Julie Dubois, Kazem Nasserinejad, Johan A Dobber, Clemens Mellink, Anne-Marie F van der Kevie-Kersemaekers, Ludo M Evers, Fransien de Boer, Harry R Koene, John Schreurs, Marjolein van der Klift, Gerjo A Velders, Ellen van der Spek, Hanneke M van der Straaten, Mels Hoogendoorn, Michel van Gelder, Eduardus F M Posthuma, Hein P J Visser, Ilse Houtenbos, Cecile A M Idink, Djamila E Issa, Ellen C Dompeling, Henk C T van Zaanen, Hendrik Veelken, Henriette Levenga, Lidwine W Tick, Wim E Terpstra, Sanne H Tonino, Michelle Boyer, Mehrdad Mobasher, Mark-David Levin, Arnon P Kater
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2022)
Supra-lacrimal protein-based carriers for cyclosporine A reduce Th17-mediated autoimmunity in murine model of Sjögren's syndrome
Authors: Hao Guo, Yaping Ju, Minchang Choi, Maria C. Edman, Stan G. Louie, Sarah F. Hamm-Alvarez, J. Andrew MacKay
Journal: Biomaterials (2022)
La coloscopie en France en 2003: résultat d’une enquête prospective nationale de la Société Française d’Endoscopie Digestive (SFED)
Authors: JM Canard, JP Arpurt, C Boustiere, J Boyer, PA Dalbies, J Escourrou, G Gay, M Greff, J Lapuelle, R Laugier, JC Letard, B Marchetti, L Palazzo, B Napoléon, T Ponchon, D Sautereau, B Vedrenne
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

But: Le but de ce travail a été de décrire et quantifier prospectivement l’ensemble des coloscopies réalisées en France en 2003. Matériels et Méthodes: Une enquête prospective a été réalisée en janvier 2003 auprès de l’ensemble des gastro-entérologues français (n = 2901). Elle a permis de recueillir les données concernant les coloscopies effectuées sur deux jours ouvrables, fixés préalablement (1031 participants ont adressés 6704 dossiers). L’échantillon était représentatif sur le sexe, l’âge, la région et le type d’exercice. Des extrapolations ont été réalisées sur la base des 2901 gastro-entérologues qui pratiquent des endoscopies et sur le nombre de jours travaillés. Résultats: 941828 coloscopies totales ont été réalisées en 2003, augmentation de 6,65% par année depuis 2001. La coloscopie était totale dans 93,6% des cas. Les échecs de coloscopie étaient dus: difficultés techniques (28,3%), insuffisance de préparation (32,1%), obstacle colique (37,8%). Une polypectomie était associée à 23% des coloscopies. Les indications principales de la coloscopie étaient: rectorragies (23,3%), coloscopie de dépistage (21,3%), troubles fonctionnels intestinaux (16,3%), surveillance après polypectomie (13,5%), surveillance d’un cancer du colon (4,8%). Les indications de la coloscopie de dépistage étaient: antécédents familiaux (79,8%), hémocult positif (8,7%), souhait du patient (14,9%) (plusieurs possibilités). La coloscopie était normale dans 39,7% des cas et pathologique dans 60,3% des cas. Les principaux diagnostics étaient: polype rectocolique (35,1%), diverticulose simple ou compliquée (24,1%), tumeur maligne rectocolique (4%) (38410). Le nombre total de polypes enlevés est de 608519. Le diagnostic endoscopique des polypes recto coliques considéré par tranche d’âge augmente à partir de 45 ans et le pourcentage de tumeurs malignes recto coliques augmente de façon significative à partir de 51 ans. En cas de coloscopie de dépistage, la coloscopie était normale dans 46% des cas et pathologique dans 54% des cas avec un diagnostic de polype dans 66,3% des cas (79458) et de cancers colo rectaux dans 2,1%des cas (2517). Lorsque la coloscopie était réalisée pour troubles fonctionnelles intestinaux, la coloscopie était normale dans 49,8% des cas et les coloscopies étaient pathologiques dans 50,2% des cas avec des polypes dans 61,3% des cas (52264) et des cancers colo rectaux dans 2,1% des cas (3581). Une complication était observée dans 0,47% des coloscopies: hémorragie (0,8%), problème d’anesthésie (0,05%), perforation (0,07%), septicémie (0,01%), divers (0,06%). Conclusion: En 2003, 608519 polypes coliques enlevés et 38410 tumeurs malignes recto coliques diagnostiquées. La coloscopie de dépistage pourrait être proposée à partir de 45 ans car le nombre de polypes diagnostiqués augmente à partir de cet âge.
Bioceramic-based scaffolds with antibacterial function for bone tissue engineering: A review
Authors: Chaoqian Zhao, Weiye Liu, Min Zhu, Chengtie Wu, Yufang Zhu
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2022)

Bone defects caused by trauma, tumor, congenital abnormality and osteoarthritis, etc. have been substantially impacted the lives and health of human. Artificial bone implants, like bioceramic-based scaffolds, provide significant benefits over biological counterparts and are critical for bone repair and regeneration. However, it is highly probable that bacterial infections occur in the surgical procedures or on bioceramic-based scaffolds. Therefore, it is of great significance to obtain bioceramic-based scaffolds with integrative antibacterial and osteogenic functions for treating bone implant-associated infection and promoting bone repair. To fight against infection problems, bioceramic-based scaffolds with various antibacterial strategies are developed for bone repair and regeneration and also have made great progresses. This review summarizes recent progresses in bioceramic-based scaffolds with antibacterial function, which include drug-induced, ion-mediated, physical-activated and their combined antibacterial strategies according to specific antibacterial mechanism. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of antibacterial bioceramic-based scaffolds are discussed.
BOOK REVIEW
Authors: E. TABIBI
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

BOOK REVIEW Get access Design and Analysis of Bioavailability and Bioequivalence Studies Shein-Chung Chow , Jen-Pei Liu . New york : Marcel Dekker , 1992 . 416 pp.; illus. $125. ISBN 0-8247-8682-3 ESMAIL TABIBI, PH.D. ESMAIL TABIBI, PH.D. National Cancer Institute Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center Program Resources, Inc.P.O. BoxB Frederick, MD 21702-1201 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 16, August 1993, Page 1340, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.16.1340 Published: 01 August 1993
Association of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D With Cardiovascular Outcomes and All-Cause Mortality in Individuals With Prediabetes and Diabetes: Results From the UK Biobank Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Peizhen Zhang, Dan Guo, Bingyan Xu, Chensihan Huang, Shunyu Yang, Weiwei Wang, Wenhui Liu, Yajuan Deng, Kangli Li, Deying Liu, Jiayang Lin, Xueyun Wei, Yan Huang, Huijie Zhang
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)

OBJECTIVE To examine the associations of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in individuals with prediabetes and diabetes from the large population-based UK Biobank cohort study. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 67,789 individuals diagnosed with prediabetes and 24,311 with diabetes who had no CVD or cancer at baseline were included in the current study. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured at baseline. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for cardiovascular outcomes and mortality after 10–14 years. RESULTS After multivariable adjustment, higher serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly and nonlinearly associated with lower risk of cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality among participants with prediabetes and diabetes (all P nonlinearity &amp;lt; 0.05). Compared with those in the lowest category of 25(OH)D levels (&amp;lt;25 nmol/L), participants with prediabetes in the highest category of 25(OH)D levels (≥75 nmol/L) had a significant association with lower risk of cardiovascular events (HR 0.78; 95% CI 0.71–0.86), coronary heart disease (CHD) (HR 0.79; 95% CI 0.71–0.89), heart failure (HR 0.66; 95% CI 0.54–0.81), stroke (HR 0.75; 95% CI 0.61–0.93), CVD mortality (HR 0.43; 95% CI 0.32–0.59), and all-cause mortality (HR 0.66; 95% CI 0.58–0.75). Likewise, these associations with cardiovascular events, CHD, heart failure, CVD mortality, and all-cause mortality were observed among participants with diabetes, except for stroke. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the importance of monitoring and correcting vitamin D deficiency in the prevention of CVD and mortality among adults with prediabetes and diabetes.
Use of genetic testing by employers. Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs, American Medical Association
Authors: Richard J. McMurray, Oscar W. Clarke, John A. Barrasso, Dexanne B. Clonan, Charles H. Epps, John Glasson, Robert McQuillan, Charles W. Plows, Michael A. Puzak, David Orentlicher, Krlsten A. Halkola
Journal: JAMA (1991)

OVER THE NEXT 15 YEARS, under the auspices of the federal government's "human genome project," scientists will try to map in detail each of the human cell's estimated 100 000 genes.<sup>1</sup>The knowledge derived from the project will enable physicians to detect an increasing number of diseases and predispositions for disease. It is expected that researchers will identify genes that contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease, alcoholism, coronary artery disease, the different forms of cancer, and virtually every other illness.<sup>2</sup>In addition to enhancing the ability of physicians to diagnose disease, the knowledge from the genome project is expected to result in better preventive and therapeutic measures. For editorial comment see p 1835. Potential applications of information gained from the human genome project extend well beyond the setting of medical care. Employers, insurers, and law enforcement agencies all will have uses for genetic-testing techniques. In many cases,
Melanocortin 1 receptor activation protects against alpha-synuclein pathologies in models of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Waijiao Cai, Pranay Srivastava, Danielle Feng, Yue Lin, Charles R Vanderburg, Yuehang Xu, Pamela Mclean, Matthew P Frosch, David E Fisher, Michael A Schwarzschild, Xiqun Chen
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2022)

Abstract Background Epidemiological studies suggest a link between the melanoma-related pigmentation gene melanocortin 1 receptor ( MC1R ) and risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD). We previously showed that MC1R signaling can facilitate nigrostriatal dopaminergic neuron survival. The present study investigates the neuroprotective potential of MC1R against neurotoxicity induced by alpha-synuclein (αSyn), a key player in PD genetics and pathogenesis. Methods Nigral dopaminergic neuron toxicity induced by local overexpression of aSyn was assessed in mice that have an inactivating mutation of MC1R , overexpress its wild-type transgene, or were treated with MC1R agonists. The role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in MC1R-mediated protection against αSyn was characterized in vitro. Furthermore, MC1R expression was determined in human postmortem midbrain from patients with PD and unaffected subjects. Results Targeted expression of αSyn in the nigrostriatal pathway induced exacerbated synuclein pathologies in MC1R mutant mice, which were accompanied by neuroinflammation and altered Nrf2 responses, and reversed by the human MC1R transgene. Two MC1R agonists were neuroprotective against αSyn-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity. In vitro experiments showed that Nrf2 was a necessary mediator of MC1R effects. Lastly, MC1R was present in dopaminergic neurons in the human substantia nigra and appeared to be reduced at the tissue level in PD patients. Conclusion Our study supports an interaction between MC1R and αSyn that can be mediated by neuronal MC1R possibly through Nrf2. It provides evidence for MC1R as a therapeutic target and a rationale for development of MC1R-activating strategies for PD.
Chemical Modulation of Alveolar Epithelial Permeability
Authors: J. T. Gatzy, M. J. Stutts
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1980)

The volume and composition of fluid on the surface of the alveoli can affect alveolar ventilation, gas diffusion, and macrophage function. The passive permeability and active processes of the alveolar epithelial lining play a role in regulating surface fluid and are a potential site of damage by airborne chemicals. Like other epithelial barriers, the alveolar lining is permeable to lipophilic substances but restricts the transmural flow of small ions and hydrophilic nonelectrolytes (equivalent pore radius ca. 0.5-1.5 nm). The mammalian fetal lung and alveolar sacs of the adult bullfrog secrete Cl- and K+ into the airspace. Secretion by the fetal lung ceases at birth. Many environmental agents increase the permeability of the capillary endothelium and/or respiratory epithelium and induce pulmonary edema. Studies with bullfrog alveolar sacs have demonstrated that selective effects may or may not be followed by general derangement of the epithelial barrier. Exposure of the luminal surface to HgCl2 (10(-6) to 10(-4) M) induces a selective increase in Cl- secretion that is followed by a fall in transport and a general increase in ion permeation. CdCl2 (10(-5) to 10(-3) M) depresses ciliomotion on cells on the trabecula of the alveolus but does not affect Cl- secretion or transepithelial conductance. HNO3, like other mineral acids, increases conductance and the radii or pores in the barrier, whereas NaNO3 selectively inhibits Cl- secretion. Amphotericin B(10(7) to 10(-5) MJ) induces K+ secretion into the lumen of both bullfrog and rat lung. We conclude that environmental agents induce changes in epithelial function that may compromise the lung's ability to regulate respiratory fluid without destroying the characteristic permeability of the epithelial lining.