tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Annals Graphic Medicine - Dr. Mom: Which Presenter Are You?
Authors: Grace E. Farris
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2021)

Web ExclusivesNovember 2021Annals Graphic Medicine - Dr. Mom: Which Presenter Are You?FREEGrace E. Farris, MDGrace E. Farris, MDUniversity of Texas, Austin, Texas (G.E.F.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/G21-0064 SectionsAboutVisual AbstractPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Download figure Download PowerPoint Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Texas, Austin, Texas (G.E.F.)Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=G21-0024.Author/Illustrator Information: Grace E. Farris, MD, is an assistant professor of medicine at Dell Medical School at the University of Texas in Austin, Texas. You can view her work at her website: www.farrisgrace.com.About Dr. Mom: In Dr. Mom, physician and cartoonist Grace Farris examines work–life balance while mothering and doctoring. Dr. Mom appears monthly in Annals Graphic Medicine at Annals.org.This article was published at Annals.org on 26 October 2021. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics November 2021Volume 174, Issue 11Page: W105-W106 ePublished: 26 October 2021 Issue Published: November 2021 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2021 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
TCT-93 Left Atrial Appendage Sealing Performance of the Amplatzer Amulet and Watchman FLX Device: A Head-to-Head Comparison
Authors: Kasper Korsholm, Anders Kramer, Asger Andersen, Jacqueline Saw, Bjarne Nørgaard, Jesper Møller Jensen, Jens Erik Nielsen-Kudsk
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Three years of medical school is as good as four, US study finds
Authors: Janice Hopkins Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Graduates of three year medical school programmes are as well prepared for residency as those who graduate from four year programmes, have less student debt, and are more likely to enter needed primary care fields, a study has found.

Accelerated programmes allow graduates to enter the workforce and begin earning salaries one year earlier than traditional programmes and can help tackle the US physician shortage, which is projected to rise to around 47 000 to 122 000 physicians by 2032, the study said. It was published in Academic Medicine , the journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges.1

Graduates of the shorter programmes were found to have less …
Establishment of a specimen panel for the decentralised technical evaluation of the sensitivity of 31 rapid diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2 antigen, Germany, September 2020 to April 2021
Authors: Andreas Puyskens, Eva Krause, Janine Michel, C Micha Nübling, Heinrich Scheiblauer, Daniel Bourquain, Marica Grossegesse, Roman Valusenko, Victor M Corman, Christian Drosten, Katrin Zwirglmaier, Roman Wölfel, Constanze Lange, Jan Kramer, Johannes Friesen, Ralf Ignatius, Michael Müller, Jonas Schmidt-Chanasit, Petra Emmerich, Lars Schaade, Andreas Nitsche
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2021)

IntroductionThe detection of SARS-CoV-2 with rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) has become an important tool to identify infected people and break infection chains. These RDT are usually based on antigen detection in a lateral flow approach.AimWe aimed to establish a comprehensive specimen panel for the decentralised technical evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 antigen rapid diagnostic tests.MethodsWhile for PCR diagnostics the validation of a PCR assay is well established, there is no common validation strategy for antigen tests, including RDT. In this proof-of-principle study we present the establishment of a panel of 50 pooled clinical specimens that cover a SARS-CoV-2 concentration range from 1.1 × 109 to 420 genome copies per mL of specimen. The panel was used to evaluate 31 RDT in up to six laboratories.ResultsOur results show that there is considerable variation in the detection limits and the clinical sensitivity of different RDT. We show that the best RDT can be applied to reliably identify infectious individuals who present with SARS-CoV-2 loads down to 106 genome copies per mL of specimen. For the identification of infected individuals with SARS-CoV-2 loads corresponding to less than 106 genome copies per mL, only three RDT showed a clinical sensitivity of more than 60%.ConclusionsSensitive RDT can be applied to identify infectious individuals with high viral loads but not to identify all infected individuals.
Abstract 14392: Effects of Sacubitril-Valsartan Compared With Enalapril on Pulmonary Artery Pressure in Patients With Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Akshay S Desai, Amil M Shah, Gary F Mitchell, Brian L Claggett, James C Fang, Cheryl A Abbas, Ricardo A Rocha, Scott D Solomon
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Compared to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition (ACEi) alone, angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibition (ARNI) reduces cardiovascular mortality and heart failure (HF) hospitaliz...
TCT-315 Trends, Predictors, and Outcomes After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in Patients With Bundle Branch Blocks-A National Propensity Matched Analysis [2011-2018]
Authors: Salman Zahid, Muhammad Khan, Waqas Ullah, Mian Tanveer Ud Din, Sakina Abbas, Aamer Ubaid, Muhammad Khan, Muhammad Atif Khan, Fnu Salman, Hamza Zahid Ullah Muhammadzai, Chadi Alraies, Jeremiah Depta, Sudarshan Balla
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
The cannabinoid WIN55212‐2 suppresses effector T‐cell responses and promotes regulatory T cells in human tonsils
Authors: Alba Angelina, Mario Pérez‐Diego, Angel Maldonado, Beate Rückert, Mübeccel Akdis, Mar Martín‐Fontecha, Cezmi A. Akdis, Oscar Palomares
Journal: Allergy (2021)

Dr. Cezmi Akdis reports grants from Allergopharma, grants from Idorsia, Swiss National Science Foundation, Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, European Commission's Horison's 2020 Framework Programme, Cure, Novartis Research Institutes, Astra Zeneca, Scibase, advisory role in Sanofi/Regeneron, grants from Glakso Smith-Kline, advisory role in Scibase. Dr. Oscar Palomares received research grants from Inmunotek S.L., Novartis, MINECO and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and fees for giving scientific lectures or participation in Advisory Boards from Allergy Therapeutics, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Diater, GlaxoSmithKline, S.A, Inmunotek S.L, Novartis, Sanofi-Genzyme and Stallergenes. The rest of authors declare no conflict of interests. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Favorable Results of Endovascular Therapy in Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia Due to Isolated Below the Knee Lesions
Authors: Kawamoto Kenji, Iida Osamu, Uematsu Masaaki, Nanto Shinsuke, Morozumi Takakazu, Watanabe Tetsuya, Awata Masaki, Ohnishi Toshinari, Sera Fusako, Minamiguchi Hitoshi, Yano Masamichi, Okamoto Shin, Ikeoka Kuniyasu, Yasui Haruyo, Tanaka Nobuaki, Ishihara Takayuki, Dohi Tomoharu, Nagata Seiki
Journal: Circulation (2009)
Inulin-grown <i>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</i> cross-feeds fructose to the human intestinal epithelium
Authors: Raphael R. Fagundes, Arno R. Bourgonje, Ali Saeed, Arnau Vich Vila, Niels Plomp, Tjasso Blokzijl, Mehdi Sadaghian Sadabad, Julius Z. H. von Martels, Sander S. van Leeuwen, Rinse K. Weersma, Gerard Dijkstra, Hermie J. M. Harmsen, Klaas Nico Faber
Journal: Gut Microbes (2021)

Many chronic diseases are associated with decreased abundance of the gut commensal Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. This strict anaerobe can grow on dietary fibers, e.g., prebiotics, and produce high levels of butyrate, often associated to epithelial metabolism and health. However, little is known about other F. prausnitzii metabolites that may affect the colonic epithelium. Here, we analyzed prebiotic cross-feeding between F. prausnitzii and intestinal epithelial (Caco-2) cells in a "Human-oxygen Bacteria-anaerobic" coculture system. Inulin-grown F. prausnitzii enhanced Caco-2 viability and suppressed inflammation- and oxidative stress-marker expression. Inulin-grown F. prausnitzii produced excess butyrate and fructose, but only fructose efficiently promoted Caco-2 growth. Finally, fecal microbial taxonomy analysis (16S sequencing) from healthy volunteers (n = 255) showed the strongest positive correlation for F. prausnitzii abundance and stool fructose levels. We show that fructose, produced and accumulated in a fiber-rich colonic environment, supports colonic epithelium growth, while butyrate does not.
AHA/ACC vs ESC Guidelines for Management of Adults With Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Gabriele Egidy Assenza, Eric V Krieger, Helmut Baumgartner, Blanche Cupido, Konstantinos Dimopoulos, Clauden Louis, Adam M Lubert, Karen K Stout, Anne Marie Valente, Katja Zeppenfeld, Alexander R Opotowsky
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Munc13-1 is a Ca2+-phospholipid-dependent vesicle priming hub that shapes synaptic short-term plasticity and enables sustained neurotransmission
Authors: Noa Lipstein, Shuwen Chang, Kun-Han Lin, Francisco José López-Murcia, Erwin Neher, Holger Taschenberger, Nils Brose
Journal: Neuron (2021)

During ongoing presynaptic action potential (AP) firing, transmitter release is limited by the availability of release-ready synaptic vesicles (SVs). The rate of SV recruitment (SVR) to release sites is strongly upregulated at high AP frequencies to balance SV consumption. We show that Munc13-1—an essential SV priming protein—regulates SVR via a Ca2+-phospholipid-dependent mechanism. Using knockin mouse lines with point mutations in the Ca2+-phospholipid-binding C2B domain of Munc13-1, we demonstrate that abolishing Ca2+-phospholipid binding increases synaptic depression, slows recovery of synaptic strength after SV pool depletion, and reduces temporal fidelity of synaptic transmission, while increased Ca2+-phospholipid binding has the opposite effects. Thus, Ca2+-phospholipid binding to the Munc13-1-C2B domain accelerates SVR, reduces short-term synaptic depression, and increases the endurance and temporal fidelity of neurotransmission, demonstrating that Munc13-1 is a core vesicle priming hub that adjusts SV re-supply to demand.
Analysis of Clinician and Patient Factors and Completion of Telemedicine Appointments Using Video
Authors: Bradley H. Crotty, Noorie Hyun, Alexandra Polovneff, Yilu Dong, Michael C. Decker, Natalie Mortensen, Jeana M. Holt, Aaron N. Winn, Purushottam W. Laud, Melek M. Somai
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

Telemedicine provides patients access to episodic and longitudinal care. Policy discussions surrounding future support for telemedicine require an understanding of factors associated with successful video visits.To assess patient and clinician factors associated with successful and with failed video visits.This was a quality improvement study of 137 846 scheduled video visits at a single academic health system in southeastern Wisconsin between March 1 and December 31, 2020, supplemented with patient experience survey data. Patient information was gathered using demographic information abstracted from the electronic health record and linked with block-level socioeconomic data from the US Census Bureau. Data on perceived clinician experience with technology was obtained using the survey.The primary outcome of interest was the successful completion of a scheduled video visit or the conversion of the video visit to a telephone-based service. Visit types and administrative data were used to categorize visits. Mixed-effects modeling with pseudo R2 values was performed to compare the relative associations of patient and clinician factors with video visit failures.In total, 75 947 patients and 1155 clinicians participated in 137 846 scheduled video encounters, 17 190 patients (23%) were 65 years or older, and 61 223 (81%) patients were of White race and ethnicity. Of the scheduled video encounters, 123 473 (90%) were successful, and 14 373 (10%) were converted to telephone services. A total of 16 776 patients (22%) completed a patient experience survey. Lower clinician comfort with technology (odds ratio [OR], 0.15; 95% CI, 0.08-0.28), advanced patient age (66-80 years: OR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.26-0.30), lower patient socioeconomic status (including low high-speed internet availability) (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.77-0.92), and patient racial and ethnic minority group status (Black or African American: OR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.69-0.81) were associated with conversion to telephone visits. Patient characteristics accounted for systematic components for success; marginal pseudo R2 values decreased from 23% (95% CI, 21.1%-26.1%) to 7.8% (95% CI, 6.3%-9.4%) with exclusion of patient factors.As policy makers consider expanding telehealth coverage and hospital systems focus on investments, consideration of patient support, equity, and friction should guide decisions. In particular, this quality improvement study suggests that underserved patients may become disproportionately vulnerable by cuts in coverage for telephone-based services.
Shortening the diagnostic odyssey—the impact of whole genome sequencing in the NHS
Authors: Patrick F Chinnery
Journal: BMJ (2021)

I met my first patient with suspected mitochondrial disease in 1995 as a junior neurology trainee in Newcastle upon Tyne. At the time, mitochondrial disorders were thought to be exceptionally rare, with the first genetically defined causes reported only seven years earlier.12 Most genetic investigations were carried out in unregulated university laboratories located in a small number of locations worldwide, and referrals were mainly from tertiary centres after a protracted series of clinical opinions and investigations. Many clinicians had not even heard of mitochondrial diseases.

Over the next 10 years it became clear that mitochondrial disorders affect around one in 5000 people,3 placing them among the most common inherited diseases. However, their presentation varies enormously between family members, making them difficult to recognise in the clinic, and the underlying genetic basis is equally complex. In the absence of a cure, a molecular genetic diagnosis is even more important. For some mitochondrial …
Audio Interview: Do We Have the Tools to End the Covid-19 Pandemic?
Authors: Eric J. Rubin, Lindsey R. Baden, Stephen Morrissey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

Do We Have the Tools to End the Covid-19 Pandemic? In this audio interview conducted on November 2, 2021, the editors debate whether the tools we have today can end the Covid-19 pandemic and discus...
SARS-CoV-2 RNA Detected in Abdominal Insufflation Samples During Laparoscopic Surgery
Authors: Ketan K. Badani, Kennedy E. Okhawere, Tina Chen, Talia G. Korn, Shirin Razdan, Kirolos N. Meilika, Michael P. Wilson, Tara Tomy, Burak Ucpinar, Natasha Kyprianou, Navneet Dogra
Journal: European Urology (2021)
Authors’ response to Cai et al. on their commentary on “Safe use of livers from deceased donors older than 70 years in recipients with HCV cirrhosis treated with direct-action antivirals” (Int J Surg 2021, 106096)
Authors: Carlos Jiménez-Romero, Iago Justo, Alberto Marcacuzco, Virginia García, Alejandro Manrique, Álvaro García-Sesma, Jorge Calvo, Óscar Caso, Inmaculada Fernández
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2021)
The efficacy and possible mechanisms of immune checkpoint inhibitors in treating non‐small cell lung cancer patients with epidermal growth factor receptor mutation
Authors: Lin Ma, Bowen Diao, Zhaoqin Huang, Bin Wang, Jinming Yu, Xiangjiao Meng
Journal: Cancer Communications (2021)

Abstract Over the past few years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have greatly improved the survival for patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without driver mutations. Compared with wild‐type tumors, tumors with epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) mutations show more heterogeneity in the expression level of programmed cell death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1), tumor mutational burden (TMB), and other immune microenvironment characteristics. Whether ICIs are suitable for NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations is still worth exploring. In previous studies, no significantly improved benefits were observed with immunotherapy monotherapy in NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation. Here, we summarized and analyzed data from the clinical trials of ICIs or combined therapy in NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations. We also focused on the mechanisms affecting the efficacy of ICIs in NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations, the characteristics of potential responders, and provided insights into areas worth further investigations in future studies.
Hematopoietic cell transplantation in severe combined immunodeficiency: The SCETIDE 2006-2014 European cohort
Authors: Arjan C. Lankester, Benedicte Neven, Nizar Mahlaoui, Erik G.J. von Asmuth, Virginie Courteille, Mikael Alligon, Michael H. Albert, Isabelle Badell Serra, Peter Bader, Dmitry Balashov, Rita Beier, Yves Bertrand, Stephane Blanche, Victoria Bordon, Robbert G. Bredius, Andrew Cant, Marina Cavazzana, Cristina Diaz-de-Heredia, Figen Dogu, Karoline Ehlert, Natacha Entz-Werle, Anders Fasth, Francesca Ferrua, Alina Ferster, Renata Formankova, Wilhelm Friedrich, Marta Gonzalez-Vicent, Jolanta Gozdzik, Tayfun Güngör, Manfred Hoenig, Aydan Ikinciogullari, Krzysztof Kalwak, Savas Kansoy, Alphan Kupesiz, Arnalda Lanfranchi, Caroline A. Lindemans, Roland Meisel, Gerard Michel, Nuno A.A. Miranda, Jose Moraleda, Despina Moshous, Herbert Pichler, Kanchan Rao, Petr Sedlacek, Mary Slatter, Elena Soncini, Carsten Speckmann, Mikael Sundin, Amos Toren, Kim Vettenranta, Austen Worth, Mehmet A. Yeşilipek, Marco Zecca, Fulvio Porta, Ansgar Schulz, Paul Veys, Alain Fischer, Andrew R. Gennery
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2021)

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) represents a curative treatment for patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), a group of monogenic immune disorders with an otherwise fatal outcome.We performed a comprehensive multicenter analysis of genotype-specific HSCT outcome, including detailed analysis of immune reconstitution (IR) and the predictive value for clinical outcome.HSCT outcome was studied in 338 patients with genetically confirmed SCID who underwent transplantation in 2006-2014 and who were registered in the SCETIDE registry. In a representative subgroup of 152 patients, data on IR and long-term clinical outcome were analyzed.Two-year OS was similar with matched family and unrelated donors and better than mismatched donor HSCT (P < .001). The 2-year event-free survival (EFS) was similar in matched and mismatched unrelated donor and less favorable in mismatched related donor (MMRD) HSCT (P < .001). Genetic subgroups did not differ in 2-year OS (P = .1) and EFS (P = .073). In multivariate analysis, pretransplantation infections and use of MMRDs were associated with less favorable OS and EFS. With a median follow-up of 6.2 years (range, 2.0-11.8 years), 73 of 152 patients in the IR cohort were alive and well without Ig dependency. IL-2 receptor gamma chain/Janus kinase 3/IL-7 receptor-deficient SCID, myeloablative conditioning, matched donor HSCT, and naive CD4 T lymphocytes >0.5 × 10e3/μL at +1 year were identified as independent predictors of favorable clinical and immunologic outcome.Recent advances in HSCT in SCID patients have resulted in improved OS and EFS in all genotypes and donor types. To achieve a favorable long-term outcome, treatment strategies should aim for optimal naive CD4 T lymphocyte regeneration.
Combining Supported Decision-Making with Competence Assessment: A Way to Protect Persons with Impaired Decision-Making Capacity against Undue Influence
Authors: Matthé Scholten, Esther Braun, Jakov Gather, Jochen Vollmann
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2021)

In a compelling article, Peterson, Karlawish and Largent (2022) argue that supported decision-making (SDM) is preferable to substitute decision-making for people with dynamic impairments. We fully ...
Deep Learning for Subphenotype Identification in COVID-19-Associated AKI
Authors: Suraj K. Jaladanki, Sergio Dellepiane, Akhil Vaid, Ishan Paranjpe, Karandeep Singh, Lili Chan, Steven G. Coca, Girish N. Nadkarni
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2021)

Jaladanki, Suraj K.; Dellepiane, Sergio; Vaid, Akhil; Paranjpe, Ishan; Singh, Karandeep; Chan, Lili; Coca, Steven G.; Nadkarni, Girish N. Author Information
AKI in the month of Ramadan
Authors: A. AlSahow, O. M. Alkandari, A. M. Al Yousef, B. A. Alhelal, H. Al Rajab, B. Said, A. M. Mazroue, M. A. Osman, Z. A. Elhusseini
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2021)

Background: Fasting in Ramadan from dawn to sunset is one of Islam's 5 pillars. Islamic lunar calendar is 11 days shorter than Gregorian solar calendar, so the start of Ramadan changes every year and hours spent on fasting vary from 12 hours in Australia, to 21 hours in Sweden, with most countries have 11-16 hours of fasting on average. Patients with certain medical illness are exempted from fasting, however, many such patients partake in fasting. The long hours of fasting may be a risk factor for AKI in certain populations. We assess AKI in Ramadan. Methods: Demographics, comorbidities, treatment, and 4 weeks outcome data for all nephrology consultation for AKI in 4 public hospitals in Kuwait during Ramadan of 2021 (13/April-12/May/2021) prospectively collected and analyzed. We compare AKI in people fasting prior to admission to non-fasting. Results: Total number of AKI cases in Ramadan was 158, 55% males, mean age 64, and 61% were Kuwaiti citizens. Community acquire cases were 15%. DM affected 75%, HTN 72%, and cardiac disease 25% of patients. Median baseline eGFR before AKI was 66.5. Baseline eGFR   60, had median baseline eGFR of 37.5 (vs 92), were older (69 vs 62), 87% had DM (vs 66%) and 87% had HTN (vs 61%). Cause of AKI was pre-renal / ischemic ATN in 69%, COVID-19 related in 17%. Many had more than one possible cause. IV fluids used in 76%, IV diuretics in 39%, IV vasopressors in 31%, and steroids in 21.5%. KRT needed in 27%. Volume overload and electrolytes / acid-base disorders were most common indication (21% and 19% respectively and 15% had more than one indication. Death within 30 days occurred in 11.4%. Of the total, 24% were fasting before admission, with mean age of 56 (compared to 63 for non-fasting). No significant difference in baseline eGFR between fasting and non-fasting, nor in use of IV fluids, IV diuretics, or IV vasopressors. Dialysis needed in 21% of the fasting group, not significantly different from non-fasting group. Mortality rates were lower but not statistically significant in the fasting group (8% vs 12.5%). Conclusions: AKI affect both fasting and non-fasting population similarly, with no increased risk of need for dialysis or mortality.