tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 13308: Primary Care Clinical Volumes, Lipid Screening, and Cardiovascular Outcomes
Authors: Jacob A Udell, Arielle R Brickman, Anna Chu, Dennis Ko, Peter Austin, Husam Abdel-Qadir, Noah M Ivers, R. S Bhatia, Michael E Farkouh, Thérèse A Stukel, Jack V Tu
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: It is unknown whether the annual number of primary care physician (PCP) unique outpatient assessments, hereto termed clinical volume, is predictive of cardiovascular preventive care, pa...
Assessment of Air Contamination by SARS-CoV-2 in Hospital Settings
Authors: Gabriel Birgand, Nathan Peiffer-Smadja, Sandra Fournier, Solen Kerneis, François-Xavier Lescure, Jean-Christophe Lucet
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

Controversy remains regarding the transmission routes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).To review current evidence on air contamination with SARS-CoV-2 in hospital settings and the factors associated with contamination, including viral load and particle size.The MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science databases were systematically queried for original English-language articles detailing SARS-CoV-2 air contamination in hospital settings between January 1 and October 27, 2020. This study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. The positivity rate of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA and culture were described and compared according to the setting, clinical context, air ventilation system, and distance from patients. The SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in copies per meter cubed of air were pooled, and their distribution was described by hospital areas. Particle sizes and SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in copies or median tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) per meter cubed were analyzed after categorization as less than 1 μm, from 1 to 4 μm, and greater than 4 μm.Among 2284 records identified, 24 cross-sectional observational studies were included in the review. Overall, 82 of 471 air samples (17.4%) from close patient environments were positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA, with a significantly higher positivity rate in intensive care unit settings (intensive care unit, 27 of 107 [25.2%] vs non-intensive care unit, 39 of 364 [10.7%]; P < .001). There was no difference according to the distance from patients (≤1 m, 3 of 118 [2.5%] vs >1-5 m, 13 of 236 [5.5%]; P = .22). The positivity rate was 5 of 21 air samples (23.8%) in toilets, 20 of 242 (8.3%) in clinical areas, 15 of 122 (12.3%) in staff areas, and 14 of 42 (33.3%) in public areas. A total of 81 viral cultures were performed across 5 studies, and 7 (8.6%) from 2 studies were positive, all from close patient environments. The median (interquartile range) SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations varied from 1.0 × 103 copies/m3 (0.4 × 103 to 3.1 × 103 copies/m3) in clinical areas to 9.7 × 103 copies/m3 (5.1 × 103 to 14.3 × 103 copies/m3) in the air of toilets or bathrooms. Protective equipment removal and patient rooms had high concentrations per titer of SARS-CoV-2 (varying from 0.9 × 103 to 40 × 103 copies/m3 and 3.8 × 103 to 7.2 × 103 TCID50/m3), with aerosol size distributions that showed peaks in the region of particle size less than 1 μm; staff offices had peaks in the region of particle size greater than 4 μm.In this systematic review, the air close to and distant from patients with coronavirus disease 2019 was frequently contaminated with SARS-CoV-2 RNA; however, few of these samples contained viable viruses. High viral loads found in toilets and bathrooms, staff areas, and public hallways suggest that these areas should be carefully considered.
A study of the psychometric properties of the Brazilian...Portuguese version of Bronchiectasis Health Questionnaire
Authors: A. Luppo, C.O. de Camargo, S.S. Birring, A.C. Lunardi, S.Z. Rached, R.A. Athanazio, R. Stelmach, S.D. Corso
Journal: Pulmonology (2020)

The Bronchiectasis Health Questionnaire (BHQ) is a simple, repeatable, and self-reporting health status questionnaire for bronchiectasis. This study aims to cross-culturally adapt the BHQ into Brazilian Portuguese and evaluate its measurement properties.The participants answered the Saint George...s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale for dyspnea. The Brazilian-Portuguese version of the Bronchiectasis Health Questionnaire (BHQ-Brazil) was used at baseline (test) and after 14 days (retest). The psychometric analyses included internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and construct validity: factorial validity, convergent validity, and discriminative validity, agreement, and ceiling and floor effects.The BHQ-Brazil demonstrated adequate internal consistency (Cronbach...s alpha...=...0.92) and substantial reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient...=...0.86; 95%CI: 0.79...0.90). The exploratory factorial analysis was considered suitable. All items presented a factorial load >0.40. The convergent validity of the BHQ-Brazil with mMRC was moderate (r...=......0.53, p...<...0.001), while concurrent validity with the SGRQ was strong (symptoms: r...=......0.72, activities: r...=......0.60, impact: r...=......0.60, total score: r...=......0.75, all p...<...0.001). The standard error of measurement was 4.81 points. The discriminative validity demonstrated that individuals with more pulmonary exacerbations, colonization by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, worst dyspnea, and a higher number of affected lung lobes presented the lowest quality of life. No floor or ceiling effects were observed.The BHQ-Brazil presents adequate measurement properties to evaluate the impact of bronchiectasis on health-related quality of life, and can be used in clinical and research settings.
Renal Pathology of 34 Consecutive COVID Autopsies: A Single-Institution Experience
Authors: Steven Salvatore, Alain C. Borczuk, Surya V. Seshan
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2020)

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 31(10S):p 299, October 2020. | DOI: 10.1681/ASN.20203110S1299c
Rates of Vascular Occlusion Associated With Using Needles vs Cannulas for Filler Injection
Authors: Murad Alam, Rohit Kakar, Jeffrey S. Dover, Vishnu Harikumar, Bianca Y. Kang, Hoi Ting Wan, Emily Poon, Derek H. Jones
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2020)

Soft-tissue augmentation with skin fillers can be delivered with needles or microcannulas, but unwanted vascular occlusions are possible. To determine whether filler-associated vascular occlusion events of the face occur more often with injections performed with needles than with microcannulas. This retrospective cohort study included a random sample of board-certified dermatologists deemed eligible based on membership in relevant professional societies and attendance at relevant national professional meetings. Participants completed detailed forms in which they could enter deidentified data and volume statistics pertaining to patients undergoing filler procedures in their practices. Data were collected from August 2018 to August 2019. Injectable fillers approved by the US Food and Drug Administration delivered via needles or microcannulas. The primary outcome measure was intravascular occlusion. Occlusion events were graded by severity (no sequelae, scar, and ocular injury or blindness). A total of 370 dermatologists (mean [SD] years in practice, 22.3 [11.1] years) participated and reported 1.7 million syringes injected. The risk of occlusion with any particular filler type using needle or cannula never exceeded 1 per 5000 syringes injected. Overall, 1 occlusion per 6410 per 1-mL syringe injections was observed with needles and 1 per 40 882 with cannulas (P < .001). Of the 370 participants, 106 (28.6%) reported at least 1 occlusion. Multivariate analysis found that injections with cannula had 77.1% lower odds of occlusion compared with needle injections. Participants injecting fillers for more than 5 years had 70.7% lower odds of occlusion than those who were less experienced. For each additional injection per week, the odds of occlusion decreased by 1%, and 85% of occlusions had no long-term sequelae. Nasolabial folds and lips were most likely to be occluded, with mean severity level of occlusions highest at the glabella. In this cohort study, filler injections with either needles or cannulas were associated with a very low risk of intravascular occlusion events. Moreover, the vast majority of such events were minor and resolved without scar or other injury. Injections with microcannulas were less often associated with occlusion events than injections with needles. Occlusion risk per syringe appeared decreased after the first few years of clinical practice and was also lower among those who more frequently inject fillers. Whether a needle or cannula is most appropriate for injection may depend on patient factors, anatomic site, and the type of defect being treated.
Priorities for the global advancement of care for older adults with cancer: an update of the International Society of Geriatric Oncology Priorities Initiative
Authors: Martine Extermann, Etienne Brain, Beverly Canin, Meena Nathan Cherian, Kwok-Leung Cheung, Nienke de Glas, Beena Devi, Marije Hamaker, Ravindran Kanesvaran, Theodora Karnakis, Cindy Kenis, Najia Musolino, Anita O'Donovan, Enrique Soto-Perez-de-Celis, Christopher Steer, Hans Wildiers
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2020)
Local and systemic therapy of recurrent ependymoma in children and adolescents: short- and long-term results of the E-HIT-REZ 2005 study
Authors: Jonas E Adolph, Gudrun Fleischhack, Ruth Mikasch, Julia Zeller, Monika Warmuth-Metz, Brigitte Bison, Martin Mynarek, Stefan Rutkowski, Ulrich Schüller, Katja von Hoff, Denise Obrecht, Torsten Pietsch, Stefan M Pfister, Kristian W Pajtler, Olaf Witt, Hendrik Witt, Rolf-Dieter Kortmann, Beate Timmermann, Jürgen Krauß, Michael C Frühwald, Andreas Faldum, Robert Kwiecien, Udo Bode, Stephan Tippelt
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2020)

Survival in recurrent ependymomas in children and adolescents mainly depends on the extent of resection. Studies on repeated radiotherapy and chemotherapy at relapse have shown conflicting results.Using data from the German multi-center E-HIT-REZ-2005 study, we examined the role of local therapy and the efficacy of chemotherapy with blockwise temozolomide (TMZ) in children and adolescents with recurrent ependymomas.Fifty-three patients with a median age of 6.9 years (1.25-25.4) at first recurrence and a median follow-up time of 36 months (2-115) were recruited. Gross- and near-total resection (GTR/NTR) were achieved in 34 (64.2%) patients and associated with a markedly improved 5-year overall survival (OS) of 48.7% vs. 5.3% in less than GTR/NTR. Radiotherapy showed no improvement in OS following complete resection (OS: 70 (CI: 19.9-120.1) vs. 95 (CI: 20.7-169.4) months), but an advantage was found in less than GTR/NTR (OS: 22 (CI: 12.7-31.3) vs. 7 (CI: 0-15.8) months). Following the application of TMZ, disease progression was observed in most evaluable cases (18/21). A subsequent change to oral etoposide and trofosfamide showed no improved response. PF-A EPN were most abundant in relapses (n = 27). RELA-positive EPN (n = 5) had a 5-year OS of 0%.The extent of resection is the most important predictor of survival at relapse. Focal re-irradiation is a useful approach if complete resection cannot be achieved, but no additional benefit was seen after GTR/NTR. Longer-term disease stabilization (>6 months) mediated by TMZ occurred in a small number of cases (14.3%).
NLRP1 variant M1184V decreases inflammasome activation in the context of DPP9 inhibition and asthma severity
Authors: Jonas Moecking, Pawat Laohamonthonkul, Katelyn Chalker, Marquitta J. White, Cassandra R. Harapas, Chien-Hsiung Yu, Sophia Davidson, Katja Hrovat-Schaale, Donglei Hu, Celeste Eng, Scott Huntsman, Dale J. Calleja, Jay C. Horvat, Phil M. Hansbro, Robert J.J. O’Donoghue, Jenny P. Ting, Esteban G. Burchard, Matthias Geyer, Motti Gerlic, Seth L. Masters
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2020)

NLRP1 is an innate immune sensor that can form cytoplasmic inflammasome complexes. Polymorphisms in NLRP1 are linked to asthma; however, there is currently no functional or mechanistic explanation for this.We sought to clarify the role of NLRP1 in asthma pathogenesis.Results from the GALA II cohort study were used to identify a link between NLRP1 and asthma in Mexican Americans. In vitro and in vivo models for NLRP1 activation were applied to investigate the role of this inflammasome in asthma at the molecular level.We document the association of an NLRP1 haplotype with asthma for which the single nucleotide polymorphism rs11651270 (M1184V) individually is the most significant. Surprisingly, M1184V increases NLRP1 activation in the context of N-terminal destabilization, but decreases NLRP1 activation on dipeptidyl peptidase 9 inhibition. In vitro studies demonstrate that M1184V increases binding to dipeptidyl peptidase 9, which can account for its inhibitory role in this context. In addition, in vivo data from a mouse model of airway inflammation reveal a protective role for NLRP1 inflammasome activation reducing eosinophilia in this setting.Linking our in vitro and in vivo results, we found that the NLRP1 variant M1184V reduces inflammasome activation in the context of dipeptidyl peptidase 9 inhibition and could thereby increase asthma severity. Our studies may have implications for the treatment of asthma in patients carrying this variant of NLRP1.
Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease Beyond the Aortic Root: Potential Prognostic Implications for Ascending Aortic Dilation**Editorials published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiologyreflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACCor the American College of Cardiology.
Authors: S. Morteza Farasat
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
High frequency of disease progression in pediatric spinal cord low-grade glioma (LGG): management strategies and results from the German LGG study group
Authors: Thomas Perwein, Martin Benesch, Daniela Kandels, Torsten Pietsch, René Schmidt, Franz Quehenberger, Brigitte Bison, Monika Warmuth-Metz, Beate Timmermann, Jürgen Krauss, Ulrich-Wilhelm Thomale, Rolf-Dieter Kortmann, Pablo Hernáiz Driever, Astrid Katharina Gnekow
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2020)

Knowledge on management of pediatric spinal cord low-grade glioma (LGG) is scarce.We analyzed clinical datasets of 128 pediatric patients with spinal LGG followed within the prospective multicenter trials HIT-LGG 1996 (n = 36), SIOP-LGG 2004 (n = 56), and the subsequent LGG-Interim registry (n = 36).Spinal LGG, predominantly pilocytic astrocytomas (76%), harbored KIAA1549-BRAF fusion in 14/35 patients (40%) and FGFR1-TACC1 fusion in 3/26 patients (12%), as well as BRAFV600E mutation in 2/66 patients (3%). 10-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) was 93% ± 2% and 38% ± 5%, respectively. Disseminated disease (n = 16) was associated with inferior OS and EFS, while age ≥11 years and total resection were favorable factors for EFS. We observed 117 patients following total (n = 24) or subtotal/partial resection (n = 74), biopsy (n = 16), or radiologic diagnosis only (n = 3). Eleven patients were treated first with chemotherapy (n = 9) or irradiation (n = 2). Up to 20.8 years after diagnosis/initial intervention, 73/128 patients experienced one (n = 43) or up to six (n = 30) radiological/clinical disease progressions. Tumor resections were repeated in 36 patients (range, 2-6) and 47 patients required nonsurgical treatment (chemotherapy, n = 20; radiotherapy, n = 10; multiple treatment lines, n = 17). Long-term disease control for a median of 6.5 (range, 0.02-20) years was achieved in 73/77 patients following one (n = 57) or repeated (n = 16) resections, and in 35/47 patients after nonsurgical treatment.The majority of patients experienced disease progression, even after years. Multiple interventions were required for more than a third, yet multimodal treatment enabled long-term disease control. Molecular testing may reveal therapeutic targets.
Clinical Decision-making About Neoadjuvant Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab—Reply
Authors: Jonathan D. Schoenfeld, Ravindra Uppaluri, Robert I. Haddad
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2020)

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A randomized phase 3 trial of auto vs. allo transplantation as part of first-line therapy in poor-risk peripheral T-NHL
Authors: Norbert Schmitz, Lorenz H Truemper, Krimo Bouabdallah, Marita Ziepert, Mathieu Leclerc, Guillaume Cartron, Arnaud Jaccard, Peter Reimer, Eva Maria Wagner-Drouet, Martin Wilhelm, Laurence Sanhes, Thierry Lamy, Laurence de Leval, Andreas Rosenwald, Murielle Roussel, Frank P Kroschinsky, Walter Walter Lindemann, Peter Dreger, Andreas Viardot, Noel J Milpied, Christian Gisselbrecht, Gerald G Wulf, Emmanuel Gyan, Philippe Gaulard, Jacques-Olivier Bay, Bertram Glass, Viola Poeschel, Gandhi Damaj, David Sibon, Alain Jacques Delmer, Karin Bilger, Anne Banos, Mathias Haenel, Martin Dreyling, Bernd Metzner, Ulrich Keller, Friederike Braulke, Birte Friedrichs, Maike Nickelsen, Bettina Altmann, Olivier Tournilhac
Journal: Blood (2020)
The Ethical Defensibility of Harm Reduction and Eating Disorders
Authors: Andria Bianchi, Katherine Stanley, Kalam Sutandar
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2020)

Eating disorders are mental illnesses that can have a significant and persistent physical impact, especially for those who are not treated early in their disease trajectory. Although many persons with eating disorders may make a full recovery, some may not; this is especially the case when it comes to persons with severe and enduring anorexia nervosa (SEAN), namely, those who have had anorexia for between 6 and 12 years or more. Given that persons with SEAN are less likely to make a full recovery, a different treatment philosophy might be ethically warranted. One potential yet scarcely considered way to treat persons with SEAN is that of a harm reduction approach. A harm reduction philosophy is deemed widely defensible in certain contexts (e.g. in the substance use and addictions domain), and in this paper we argue that it may be similarly ethically defensible for treating persons with SEAN in some circumstances.
Interaction between Long-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter and Physical Activity, and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Overall Mortality in U.S. Women
Authors: Elise G. Elliott, Francine Laden, Peter James, Eric B. Rimm, Kathryn M. Rexrode, Jaime E. Hart
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2020)

Increased respiration during physical activity may increase air pollution dose, which may attenuate the benefits of physical activity on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and overall mortality.
Neurological Manifestations of COVID-19 Feature T Cell Exhaustion and Dedifferentiated Monocytes in Cerebrospinal Fluid
Authors: Michael Heming, Xiaolin Li, Saskia Räuber, Anne K. Mausberg, Anna-Lena Börsch, Maike Hartlehnert, Arpita Singhal, I-Na Lu, Michael Fleischer, Fabian Szepanowski, Oliver Witzke, Thorsten Brenner, Ulf Dittmer, Nir Yosef, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Heinz Wiendl, Mark Stettner, Gerd Meyer zu Hörste
Journal: Immunity (2020)
Manage of a Peritoneal Dialysis Unit During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ana T. Domingos, Roberto C. Marques, Anabela M. Guedes, Céu Laranjo, Idalécio Bernardo, Pedro L. Neves
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2020)

Domingos, Ana T.; Marques, Roberto C.; Guedes, Anabela M.; Laranjo, Céu; Bernardo, Idalécio; Neves, Pedro L. Author Information
Thrombopoietin-Receptor Agonist Romiplostim Attenuates Hematopoietic System Injury By Promoting the Recovery of Early Hematopoiesis and the Hematopoietic Environment in the Bone Marrow and Spleen of Mice Exposed to Lethal Total Body γ-Irradiation
Authors: Masaru Yamaguchi, Tokuhisa Hirouchi, Syuta Miura, Kengo Waga, Haruhiko Yoshioka, Jun Watanabe, Ikuo Kashiwakura
Journal: Blood (2017)
GluD2- and Cbln1-mediated competitive interactions shape the dendritic arbors of cerebellar Purkinje cells
Authors: Yukari H. Takeo, S. Andrew Shuster, Linnie Jiang, Miley C. Hu, David J. Luginbuhl, Thomas Rülicke, Ximena Contreras, Simon Hippenmeyer, Mark J. Wagner, Surya Ganguli, Liqun Luo
Journal: Neuron (2020)
ZFP91 is required for the maintenance of regulatory T cell homeostasis and function
Authors: Aiting Wang, Lei Ding, Zhongqiu Wu, Rui Ding, Xiao-Lu Teng, Feixiang Wang, Zhilin Hu, Lei Chen, Xiaoyan Yu, Qiang Zou
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2020)

Autophagy programs the metabolic and functional fitness of regulatory T (T reg) cells to establish immune tolerance, yet the mechanisms governing autophagy initiation in T reg cells remain unclear. Here, we show that the E3 ubiquitin ligase ZFP91 facilitates autophagy activation to sustain T reg cell metabolic programming and functional integrity. T reg cell–specific deletion of Zfp91 caused T reg cell dysfunction and exacerbated colonic inflammation and inflammation-driven colon carcinogenesis. TCR-triggered autophagy induction largely relied on T reg cell–derived ZFP91 to restrict hyperglycolysis, which is required for the maintenance of T reg cell homeostasis. Mechanistically, ZFP91 rapidly translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to TCR stimulation and then mediated BECN1 ubiquitination to promote BECN1–PIK3C3 complex formation. Therefore, our results highlight a ZFP91-dependent mechanism promoting TCR-initiated autophagosome maturation to maintain T reg cell homeostasis and function.
The application of nanoparticles in cancer immunotherapy: Targeting tumor microenvironment
Authors: Muyue Yang, Jipeng Li, Ping Gu, Xianqun Fan
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2020)

The tumor development and metastasis are closely related to the structure and function of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Recently, TME modulation strategies have attracted much attention in cancer immunotherapy. Despite the preliminary success of immunotherapeutic agents, their therapeutic effects have been restricted by the limited retention time of drugs in TME. Compared with traditional delivery systems, nanoparticles with unique physical properties and elaborate design can efficiently penetrate TME and specifically deliver to the major components in TME. In this review, we briefly introduce the substitutes of TME including dendritic cells, macrophages, fibroblasts, tumor vasculature, tumor-draining lymph nodes and hypoxic state, then review various nanoparticles targeting these components and their applications in tumor therapy. In addition, nanoparticles could be combined with other therapies, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and photodynamic therapy, however, the nanoplatform delivery system may not be effective in all types of tumors due to the heterogeneity of different tumors and individuals. The changes of TME at various stages during tumor development are required to be further elucidated so that more individualized nanoplatforms could be designed.