tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Seasickness.
Authors: R. M. Heggie, I. R. Entwistle
Journal: BMJ (1968)

MMICBRSJOURNALor absence of dentures has much effect, except when the level is still very high.This may seem surprising, but a little consideration of the mechanism involved shows that it can be expected.The alcohol concentration of even a weak drink such as beer is several hundred times as high as that of the tissue fluids of even a very drunk man, so it is not surprising that traces in the mouth, pharynx, tonsils, and probably even the sinuses lead to very high breath readings immediately after drink- ing.This high figure falls exponentially so that the time taken to fall to a negligible level is not much affected by the nature of the drink, and is in fact 15 to 30 minutes.Two mechanisms are involved in this fall, evaporation into the breath and diffusion through the mucous membranes.If alcohol is trapped under a dental plate it can still be absorbed, and if it cannot escape into the breath it cannot affect the breath alcohol level, so that dentures make very little difference.Alcohol on the surface of the dentures them- selves will quickly evaporate, as they are nonabsorbent.Similarly, washing the mouth with water will not remove alcohol from the mucous membranes of the mouth much faster than the breath does, and will not affect the pharynx and sinuses at all.If the breath contains alcohol, mouth washing may give a spuriously low reading by cooling the breath,' so from a legal point of view it is a practice to be deprecated.-Iam, etc.,
Near-Normal Circulation Restored By Use of Transluminal Recanalization
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Group Psychotherapy
Authors: J. Bierer
Journal: BMJ (1942)

MBDICL JOAL Negative results were obtained in all non-pulmonary cases.The tubercle bacilli present in the gastric contents were all of human type.The presence of tubercle bacilli in the gastric contents estab- lishes a definite diagnosis.Segregation of such cases is advocated.Gastric lavage should be a routine diagnostic measure.It should be done on successive days, and frequently during treatment.We are greatly indebted to Dr. D. W. Fenwick Jones, medical superintendent of the Adelina Patti Hospital, for allowing us the use of the case records and for much valuable advice and assistance.
Abstract 17353: Comparing the Association of DKK-1, a Wingless (Wnt)-Regulatory Molecule, and CRP-1 With Cardiovascular Risk Factor Profile and Coronary Plaque Burden in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Benjamin Dao, Bishoy Elbebabawy, Ibrahim Sayid, Jagdesh Kandala, Harish Raj Seetha Rammohan, Daniel Katz, Paul Jenkins, Anne Gadomski, Deborah Hyink, Paul Klotman, Randolph Hutter
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Our group has shown the Wnt-pathway to be a key regulator of SMC function and to be expressed in human coronary atheroma. Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK-1) is a member of the Wingless (Wnt) signaling pathway molecules and has recently been shown to improve GRACIE-risk factor score prediction of coronary events in chest pain patients and to predict restenosis post coronary stenting. We tested its association with coronary plaque burden and cardiovascular risk factors in comparison with CRP-1; Hypothesis: DKK-1 may be associated with coronary artery plaque burden and cardiovascular risk factors and play a role in coronary artery disease through modulation of SMC. Methods: 218 patients with angiographic evidence of CAD (mildly obstructive CAD, n=35; obstructive stable CAD, n=154; unstable CAD, n=29) were enrolled in this study at the time of cardiac catherization. DKK-1 and CRP-1 were measured by ELISA. Data are shown as Mean p SEM. Values of DKK-1 and CRP1 were skewed, so non-parametric tests were used to determine the associations between DKK-1 and CRP-1 with Syntax Score, age, BMI, LDL, HDL, and HgbA1c. . Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation, Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to assess associations. Results: Data are shown as Mean p SEM.Variables were as follows: DKK-1 736 pg/ml p 129, CRP-1 0.108 mg/ml p 0.01, age 66 years p 1, BMI 32 p 0.5, LDL 97 p 3, HDL 46 p 2, HgbA1C 6.5 p 0.2, Syntax score 11 p 0.7. With DKK-1 the only statistically significant correlation observed was between DKK-1 and HgbA1c (r=0.18, P&lt;0.05). There was no association between DKK-1 and CRP-1, Syntax Score, Age, BMI, LDL, and HDL. With CRP-1, however, we observed significant positive correlations with Syntax Score (r=0.2, P&lt;0.05), BMI (r=0.18, P&lt;0.05), LDL (r=0.18, P&lt;0.05) and significant negative correlation with age (r= -0.19, P&lt;0.05) and with HDL (r=-0.18, P&lt;0.05). There was no association between CRP-1 and HDL as well as HgbA1c. Conclusions: In patients with angiographically established CAD DKK-1 in contrast to CRP-1 is not a predictor of coronary plaque burden and has as only significant association a positive correlation with HgbA1c. Our data suggest that the reported role of DKK-1 in coronary event risk and in restenosis might be related to Diabetes mediated effects.
Address in Medicine
Authors: J. Cuming
Journal: BMJ (1892)

ossible way the fruits of that combined work on which I believe the future of medicine so much depends.It is to such combined work, and to such mutual interest, that our meetings of this week call us, and we cannot doubt the result.But we meet not only for work but for pleasure, for the pleasure of renewing old friendships, and for the pleasure of making new ones; for the pleasure of imparting knowledge, and for the pleasure of receiving it; for that instinctive pleasure which arises from the first meeting of men whose work we know and whose labours we have long appreciated, but whose personal influence we have never before felt.These advantages flow from all meetings of scientific men, whose feelings and whose interests have so much in common, yet whose life and whose labours lie so wide apart; but I believe that by no class of men is there felt more real community of interest, or more true sympathy in each other's work, than that which is evidenced at such meetings as this, of members of the profession of me icine.
Postoperative Crohn's Disease Recurrence: Time to Adapt Endoscopic Recurrence Scores to the Leading Surgical Techniques
Authors: Pauline Rivière, Gabriele Bislenghi, Séverine Vermeire, Eugeni Domènech, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet, David Laharie, Andre D’Hoore, Marc Ferrante
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2022)
Identification of homologous recombination and repair (HRR) deficiency using circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in advanced prostate cancer (aPC).
Authors: Leslie A. Bucheit, Jennifer Yen, Leylah Drusbosky, Catalin Barbacioru, Sante Gnerre, Hao Wang, Alexander Artyomenko, Arielle Yabolonovitch, Yu Fu, Che-Yu Lee, Max Maliska, Elena Helman, Michael Dorshner, Martina Lefterova
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

180 Background: ctDNA testing is a non-invasive means to identify genomic alterations in patients with aPC, including BRCA1/2 and other HRR gene alterations, which are targetable by PARP inhibitors (PARPi). However, classes of HRR inactivating mutations, such as copy number loss and large genomic rearrangements (LGRs) are challenging to detect by ctDNA. Here we describe a CLIA-validated plasma-based ctDNA test that identifies copy number loss and LGRs, in addition to SNV and Indels, in HRR genes. We report the landscape of HRR deficiency (HRD) in a clinical population of &gt; 2,000 patients with aPC. Methods: 2932 samples from patients with aPC previously tested as part of clinical care using an 83-gene cfDNA NGS assay (Guardant360) within an 11-month period were reanalyzed for presence of HRD. HRD alterations were defined as copy number loss, LGR (i.e. intergenic or intragenic gene rearrangements) and deleterious SNV/Indel in 7 clinically focused HRR genes ( ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, CDK12, CHEK2, PALB2, RAD51D). Clinical information, when available, was obtained from test requisition forms. Results: The median age of the analyzed cohort was 73 years (range: 31-100); when known, the majority of patients were tested at disease progression (81%, 2242/2750). In total, an inactivating BRCA1/2 variant was was identified in 26% (605/2932) of reanalyzed patients, comprising BRCA1/2 loss of heterozygosity (LOH) (13.4% of patients), deleterious SNV or Indels (5.5%), homozygous deletions (3.3%) and LGRs (1.1%). The prevalence of patients with any inactivating HRR alteration increased to 38.5% with the expanded 7 gene set. Overall, prevalence of loss-of-function mutations (SNV/Indel, homozygous deletion or LGR) in BRCA2 was 4.5X frequent than in BRCA1 and comparable to previously described prostate cohorts (8.4% and 1.8% compared to 8.6% and 1.1% in tissue, respectively). Conclusions: Genomic profiling by ctDNA identified an HRR alteration landscape comparable to previously characterized tissue cohorts, with enrichment in BRCA2 over BRCA1 inactivating mutations and frequent BRCA1/2 LOH. Patients with aPC may benefit from PARPi eligibility determination using rapid and reliable ctDNA assessment, particularly at progression. Future studies should assess PARPi outcomes for this population.
Novel framework for treatment response evaluation using PSMA-PET/CT in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (RECIP): An international multicenter study.
Authors: Andrei Gafita, Isabel Rauscher, Manuel Weber, Boris A. Hadaschik, Hui Wang, Wesley R Armstrong, Robert Tauber, Tristan Grogan, Johannes Czernin, Matthew Rettig, Ken Herrmann, Jeremie Calais, Wolfgang A Weber, Matthias R. Benz, Wolfgang Peter Fendler, Matthias Eiber
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

42 Background: We aimed to develop a novel framework for Response Evaluation Criteria In PSMA-PET/CT (RECIP) 1.0 and a composite response classification which combines responses by PSA measurements and by RECIP 1.0 (PSA+RECIP). Methods: This was an international, multicenter, retrospective study. 124 men with mCRPC who underwent 177 Lu-PSMA therapy and received PSMA-PET/CT at baseline (bPET) and at interim at 12 weeks (iPET) were included. Pairs of bPET and iPET were interpreted by consensus among three blinded readers for appearance of new lesions. Tumor lesions were segmented and total PSMA-positive tumor volume (PSMA-VOL) was obtained. Appearance of new lesions and changes in PSMA-VOL were combined to develop RECIP 1.0, which was defined as: complete response (RECIP-CR: absence of any PSMA-ligand uptake on iPET), partial response (PSMA-PR: decline ≥30% in PSMA-VOL and no appearance of new lesions), progressive disease (RECIP-PD: increase ≥20% in PSMA-VOL and appearance of new lesions), stable disease (RECIP-SD: any condition but RECIP-PR or RECIP-PD). Changes in PSA levels at 12 weeks by PCWG3 were recorded. Responses by PSA+RECIP were defined as: response (PSA decline ≥50% or RECIP-PR/CR) and progression (PSA increase ≥25% or RECIP-PD). Study's primary outcome measure was the prognostic value of RECIP 1.0 for overall survival (OS). Secondary outcome measure was the prognostic accuracy (C-index) of PSA+RECIP vs PSA responses. Results: Patients with progressive disease (RECIP-PD; n=39; 8.3 mo) had shorter OS compared to patients with stable disease (RECIP-SD; n=47; 13.1 mo; p&lt;0.001) and to those with partial response (RECIP-PR; n=38; 21.7 mo; p&lt;0.001). PSA+RECIP had superior C-indices in identifying responders and progressors compared to PSA only: 0.65 vs 0.62 (p=0.028) and 0.66 vs 0.63 (p=0.044), respectively. Conclusions: PSMA-PET/CT by RECIP 1.0 is prognostic for OS and can be used as a response biomarker to monitor efficacy of 177 Lu-PSMA in men with mCRPC. PSA+RECIP may be used as a novel composite endpoint in mCRPC clinical trial design.
Bottlebrush inspired injectable hydrogel for rapid prevention of postoperative and recurrent adhesion
Authors: Jushan Gao, Jinpeng Wen, Datao Hu, Kailai Liu, Yuchen Zhang, Xinxin Zhao, Ke Wang
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2022)

Postsurgical adhesion is a common clinic disease induced by surgical trauma, accompanying serious subsequent complications. Current non-surgical approaches of drugs treatment and biomaterial barrier administration only show limited prevention effects and couldn't effectively promote peritoneum repair. Herein, inspired by bottlebrush, a novel self-fused, antifouling, and injectable hydrogel is fabricated by the free-radical polymerization in aqueous solution between the methacrylate hyaluronic acid (HA-GMA) and N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA) monomer without any chemical crosslinkers, termed as H-HPMA hydrogel. The H-HPMA hydrogel can be tuned to perform excellent self-fused properties and suitable abdominal metabolism time. Intriguingly, the introduction of the ultra-hydrophilic HPMA chains to the H-HPMA hydrogel affords an unprecedented antifouling capability. The HPMA chains establish a dense hydrated layer that rapidly prevents the postsurgical adhesions and recurrent adhesions after adhesiolysis in vivo. The H-HPMA hydrogel can repair the peritoneal wound of the rat model within 5 days. Furthermore, an underlying mechanism study reveals that the H-HPMA hydrogel significantly regulated the mesothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (MMT) process dominated by the TGF-β-Smad2/3 signal pathway. Thus, we developed a simple, effective, and available approach to rapidly promote peritoneum regeneration and prevent peritoneal adhesion and adhesion recurrence after adhesiolysis, offering novel design ideas for developing biomaterials to prevent peritoneal adhesion.
The impact of geographical region on outcomes of patients with primary biliary cholangitis from western Europe
Authors: Carla Fiorella Murillo Perez, Alessio Gerussi, Palak Trivedi, Christophe Corpechot, Adriaan Van der Meer, Pier Maria Battezzati, Keith D. Lindor, Frederik Nevens, Kris V. Kowdley, Tony Bruns, Annarosa Floreani, Atsushi Tanaka, Xiong Ma, Andrew L. Mason, Aliya Gulamhusein, Cyriel Ponsioen, Marco Carbone, Marlyn J. Mayo, Ana Lleo, George Dalekos, Nikolaos Gatselis, Douglas Thorburn, Verhelst Xavier, Albert Pares, Harry Janssen, Gideon Hirschfield, BettiNa Hansen, Pietro Invernizzi, Willem J. Lammers
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Benzedrine
Authors: E. W. Anderson
Journal: BMJ (1938)

The interest in benzedrine, particularly in its use in psychiatry, would seem to justify yet another contribution to the literature.The following is an account of a study of the effects of benzedrine, over a period of fourteen months or so, on a group of patients at the Cassel Hospital who were suffering chiefly from the minor forms of mental disorder.Thirty-three patients in all were given benzedrine orally in doses ranging from 5 to 45 mg.In addition, eight normal subjects were given the drug.Among the patients twenty-one were male and twelve female.The diagnostic grouping wasas follows: twenty-eight depressives, two stituents has been observed either at the time or months later (Schube, Raskin, and Campbell, 1937), although before this Myerson, Loman, and Dameshek (1936) had reported dramatic changes, including a polycythaemia in some cases, as well as a striking leucocytosis.It would appear that still further work on this problem is required in view of these observations.So far as its use in psychiatry is concerned there is fairly general agreement as to its effects; the change of mood in the direction of elation, removal of inhibition, fatigue, and so forth call for no further mention, but before discu'ssing the psycho- logical effects in greater detail the present results will be
Belladonna Poisoning
Authors: W. Coates
Journal: BMJ (1947)

nutritionist to make is that 2 .lg. of carotene is required to supply in an ordinary diet the equivalent. of 1 i.u. of vitamin A. This, incidentally, is a highly practical question and not an academic matter of figure manipulation.If a daily intake of 2,500 i.u. is required and 500 of these are supplied as preformed vitamin A, the amount of carotene needed in addition wi;ll be either 1,200 pg. or 4,000 Mig. per day, according as we take 0.6 Mug. or 2 pxg. to be equivalent to 1 i.u.
Combined Perioperative Lapatinib and Trastuzumab in Early HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Identifies Early Responders: Randomized UK EPHOS-B Trial Long-Term Results
Authors: Nigel Bundred, Nuria Porta, Adrian Murray Brunt, Angela Cramer, Andrew Hanby, Abeer M. Shaaban, Emad A. Rakha, Anne Armstrong, Ramsey I. Cutress, David Dodwell, Marie A. Emson, Abigail Evans, Sue M. Hartup, Kieran Horgan, Sarah E. Miller, Stuart A. McIntosh, James P. Morden, Jay Naik, Sankaran Narayanan, Jane Ooi, Anthony I. Skene, David A. Cameron, Judith M. Bliss
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2022)

Abstract Purpose: EPHOS-B aimed to determine whether perioperative anti-HER2 therapy inhibited proliferation and/or increased apoptosis in HER2-positive breast cancer. Patients and Methods: This randomized phase II, two-part, multicenter trial included newly diagnosed women with HER2-positive invasive breast cancer due to undergo surgery. Patients were randomized to: part 1 (1:2:2), no treatment (control), trastuzumab or lapatinib; part 2 (1:1:2) control, trastuzumab, or lapatinib and trastuzumab combination. Treatment was given for 11 days presurgery. Coprimary endpoints were change in Ki67 and apoptosis between baseline and surgery tumor samples (biologic response: ≥30% change). Central pathology review scored residual cancer burden (RCB). Relapse-free survival (RFS) explored long-term effects. Results: Between November 2010 and September 2015, 257 patients were randomized (part 1: control 22, trastuzumab 57, lapatinib 51; part 2: control 29, trastuzumab 32, combination 66). Ki67 response was evaluable for 223 patients: in part 1 Ki67 response occurred in 29/44 (66%) lapatinib versus 18/49 (37%) trastuzumab (P = 0.007) and 1/22 (5%) control (P &amp;lt; 0.0001); in part 2 in 36/49 (74%) combination versus 14/31 (45%) trastuzumab (P = 0.02) and 2/28 (7%) control (P &amp;lt; 0.0001). No significant increase in apoptosis after 11 days was seen in treatment groups. Six patients achieved complete pathologic response (pCR, RCB0) and 13 RCB1, all but two in the combination group. After 6 years median follow-up, 28 (11%) had recurrence and 19 (7%) died. No recurrences or deaths were observed among patients who achieved a pCR. Ki67% falls ≥50% associated with fewer recurrences (P = 0.002). Conclusions: Early response after short duration anti-HER2 dual therapy identifies cancers dependent on the HER2 pathway providing a strategy for exploring risk-adapted individualized treatment de-escalation.
Annual Review of Physiology. Volume 14.
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Louis Pasteur
Authors: A. Fleming
Journal: BMJ (1947)

I feel that it is a very great honour to have been asked to deliver this lecture on Pasteur, but I accepted the invitation with great trepidation, for I felt that I should be unable to do justice to so memorable a subject.We are grateful to M. Leveille for coming to London and setting up this Pasteur exhibition.I saw it in Paris and was struck then with its comprehensiveness and arrangement.But M. Leveille knows that the genius of Louis Pasteur is revered in Britain as it is in France.Louis Pasteur was just a citizen of France-not an ordinary citizen, as it turned out; and there was nothing in his origin to indicate that when he died-and 50 years after his death-he would be a national hero.His great grand- father, grandfather, and his father were tanners.Perhaps had circumstances been different one of these ancestors might have become famous, but son followed father in an essential occupation.Pasteur's father, who on the battle- field had been decorated with the Legion of Honour, appreciated the advantages of education, and Louis, instead of becoming a tanner, was admitted to the Ecole Normale in Paris, where he seized with avidity the chances of learn- ing, particularly chemistry and physics, under the distin- guished teachers of that institution.He obtained his degree, but even then there was no real indication of his coming fame.Louis Pasteur in his youth and throughout his life believed in hard work.He lived for his work and put his whole heart and soul into it.His was not a 40-hour week.He worked so constantly in his laboratory that it was inevitable that he became a beautiful technician, and throughout his life he had no use for sloppily performed or ill-conceived experiments.His first momentous dis- covery was the dissymmetry of crystals.Like many others, he had been puzzled by the difference between tartaric and racemic (or paratartaric) acids.These two chemicals appeared to be identical in every way except that, whereas racemic acid solutions had no influence on polarized light, tartaric solutions rotated this to the right.When Pasteur examined the crystals of a salt of racemic acid with the microscope he noticed that the crystals were not quite identical and could be divided into two groups.In one of these groups a particular facet was on the right side while the other group had the same facet on the left.They were in fact mirror images of each other and might thus be compared with a pair of gloves.Pasteur had vision, and with extraordinary care and perseverance he separated his rightand left-handed crystals into distinct groups.