tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Trends in Benzodiazepine Prescribing for US Adolescents and Young Adults From 2008 to 2019
Authors: Michael S. Toce, Kenneth A. Michelson, Joel D. Hudgins, Karen L. Olson, Florence T. Bourgeois
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2022 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Light on osteoarthritic joint: from bench to bed
Authors: Yingying Zhou, Junguo Ni, Chunyi Wen, Puxiang Lai
Journal: Theranostics (2021)

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the rapidly growing disability-associated conditions with population aging worldwide. There is a pressing need for precise diagnosis and timely intervention for OA in the early stage. Current clinical imaging modalities, including pain radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, and optical coherent tomography, are limited to provide structural changes when the damage has been established or advanced. It prompts further endeavors in search of novel functional and molecular imaging, which potentially enables early diagnosis and intervention of OA. A hybrid imaging modality based on photothermal effects, photoacoustic imaging, has drawn wide attention in recent years and has seen a variety of biomedical applications, due to its great performance in yielding high-contrast and high-resolution images from structure to function, from tissue down to molecular levels, from animals to human subjects. Photoacoustic imaging has witnessed gratifying potentials and preliminary effects in OA diagnosis. Regarding the treatment of OA, photothermal-triggered therapy has exhibited its attractions for enhanced therapeutic outcomes. In this narrative review, we will discuss photoacoustic imaging for the diagnosis and monitoring of OA at different stages. Structural, functional, and molecular parameter changes associated with OA joints captured by photoacoustics will be summarized, forming the diagnosis perspective of the review. Photothermal therapy applications related to OA will also be discussed herein. Lastly, relevant clinical applications and its potential solutions to extend photoacoustic imaging to deeper OA situations have been proposed. Although some aspects may not be covered, this mini review provides a better understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of OA with exciting innovations based on tissue photothermal effects. It may also inspire more explorations in the field towards earlier and better theranostics of OA.
Long-Term Efficacy of Psoralen Plus Ultraviolet a Irradiation and Low-Dose Interferon-Alpha Therapy According to Conventional and Emerging Clinical Endopoints of Early Stage Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Serena Rupoli, Gaia Goteri, Erika Morsia, Elena Torre, Kimberly Blaine Garvey, Federica Giantomassi, Anna Campanati, Anna Maria Offidani, Giuliano Brandozzi, Mozzicafreddo Giorgio, Marco Simonacci, Attilio Olivieri
Journal: Blood (2021)
25P Association between the lung immune prognostic index (LIPI) and durvalumab consolidation outcomes in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: M. Riudavets Melia, E. Auclin, F. Aboubakar, S. Ponce Aix, A. Dal Maso, V. Bluthgen, X. Mielgo, E. Mussat, R. Reyes, J. Benítez, L. Lupinacci, B. Duchemann, A. de Giglio, J. Bautista, C. Audigier-Valette, M. Scheffler, M. Campayo, B. Besse, D. Planchard, L. Mezquita
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Landscape and Climatic Variations Shaped Secondary Contacts amid Barn Owls of the Western Palearctic
Authors: Tristan Cumer, Ana Paula Machado, Guillaume Dumont, Vasileios Bontzorlos, Renato Ceccherelli, Motti Charter, Klaus Dichmann, Nicolaos Kassinis, Rui Lourenço, Francesca Manzia, Hans-Dieter Martens, Laure Prévost, Marko Rakovic, Inês Roque, Felipe Siverio, Alexandre Roulin, Jérôme Goudet
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2021)

The combined actions of climatic variations and landscape barriers shape the history of natural populations. When organisms follow their shifting niches, obstacles in the landscape can lead to the splitting of populations, on which evolution will then act independently. When two such populations are reunited, secondary contact occurs in a broad range of admixture patterns, from narrow hybrid zones to the complete dissolution of lineages. A previous study suggested that barn owls colonized the Western Palearctic after the last glaciation in a ring-like fashion around the Mediterranean Sea, and conjectured an admixture zone in the Balkans. Here, we take advantage of whole-genome sequences of 94 individuals across the Western Palearctic to reveal the complex history of the species in the region using observational and modeling approaches. Even though our results confirm that two distinct lineages colonized the region, one in Europe and one in the Levant, they suggest that it predates the last glaciation and identify a secondary contact zone between the two in Anatolia. We also show that barn owls recolonized Europe after the glaciation from two distinct glacial refugia: a previously identified western one in Iberia and a new eastern one in Italy. Both glacial lineages now communicate via eastern Europe, in a wide and permeable contact zone. This complex history of populations enlightens the taxonomy of Tyto alba in the region, highlights the key role played by mountain ranges and large water bodies as barriers and illustrates the power of population genomics in uncovering intricate demographic patterns.
Advisory Board and Contents
Authors: Antonio Carlos, Pinheiro Oliveira, Fabricio Moreira, Bernd Fiebich, Moran Furman, Jessica Miles, Fred Kop, Patrick Scheffmann, Silvia Arber, Emery Brown, Rui Costa, Ann Craig, John Cryan, Catherine Dulac, Craig Garner, Yukiko Goda, Kenneth Harris, Nancy Ip, Meyer Jackson, Maria Karayiorgou, Nancy Kopell, Robert Malenka, Mark Mattson, Freda Miller, Richard Morris, Maiken Nedergaard, Eric Nestler, Kia Nobre, Marco Prinz, Anna Wang, Roe Carmen, Sandi Klaas, Enno Stephan, Greg Stuart, Christopher Walsh, Xiaoqin Wang, Xu Zhang
Journal: Trends in Neurosciences (2021)
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor and Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Use Associated with Reduced Mortality and Other Disease Outcomes in US Veterans with COVID-19
Authors: John G. Rizk, Cachet Wenziger, Diana Tran, Leila Hashemi, Hamid Moradi, Elani Streja, Amrita Ahluwalia
Journal: Drugs (2021)
NIMG-20. DIFFERENTIATION OF TREATMENT-RELATED CHANGES FROM TUMOR PROGRESSION FOLLOWING BRACHYTHERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH WHO II AND III GLIOMAS USING FET PET
Authors: Elena Bauer, Jan Werner, Anna Brunn, Martina Deckert, Daniel Ruess, Maximilian Ruge, Eren Celik, Gereon Fink, Karl-Josef Langen, Norbert Galldiks
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2021)

Abstract BACKGROUND Following brachytherapy, the differentiation of radiation-induced changes (e.g., radiation necrosis) from actual tumor progression using MRI is challenging. To overcome this diagnostic uncertainty, we evaluated the diagnostic value of O-(2-[18F]-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (FET) PET in glioma patients treated with brachytherapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS From 2006-2019, we retrospectively identified WHO grade II or III glioma patients (i) treated with brachytherapy using Iodine-125 seeds, (ii) equivocal or progressive MRI findings inside the radiation field, and (iii) additional FET PET imaging for diagnostic evaluation. Static FET PET parameters such as maximum and mean tumor-to-brain ratios (TBR) and dynamic FET PET parameters (i.e., time-to-peak, slope) were obtained. Diagnostic performances were calculated using receiver operating characteristic curve analyses and Fisher’s exact test. Diagnoses were confirmed histologically or clinicoradiologically. RESULTS Following brachytherapy, suspect MRI findings occurred after a median time of 33 months (range, 5-111 months). In 10 of 21 patients (WHO grade II, n=5; WHO grade III, n=16), treatment-related changes were diagnosed. The best diagnostic performance for identification of treatment-related changes was obtained using maximum TBRs (threshold &amp;lt; 3.20;accuracy, 86%; sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 73%; P=0.007). Mean TBRs reached an accuracy of 76% (threshold &amp;lt; 2.05; sensitivity, 89%; specificity, 64%; P=0.010). Dynamic PET parameters did not reach statistically significant results. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that static FET PET parameters add valuable diagnostic information to diagnose radiation-induced changes in glioma patients treated with brachytherapy.
Mitochondrial–cell cycle cross-talk drives endoreplication in heart disease
Authors: Corinne Bischof, Peter Mirtschink, Ting Yuan, Meiqian Wu, Chaonan Zhu, Jaskiran Kaur, Minh Duc Pham, Suam Gonzalez-Gonoggia, Marie Hammer, Eva-Maria Rogg, Rahul Sharma, Katharina Bottermann, Bettina Gercken, Eman Hagag, Corinne Berthonneche, Samuel Sossalla, Sebastian N. Stehr, Joachim Maxeiner, Maria Anna Duda, Mathieu Latreille, Nicola Zamboni, Fabio Martelli, Thierry Pedrazzini, Stefanie Dimmeler, Jaya Krishnan
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2021)

Cardiac endoreplication drives disease anabolic processes to support pathologic cardiac growth.
Prognostic phenotypes of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Anne-Sophie Lamort, Jan Christian Kaiser, Mario A.A. Pepe, Ioannis Lilis, Giannoula Ntaliarda, Kalman Somogyi, Magda Spella, Sabine J. Behrend, Georgia A. Giotopoulou, Willem Kujawa, Michael Lindner, Ina Koch, Rudolf A. Hatz, Juergen Behr, Rocio Sotillo, Andrea C. Schamberger, Georgios T. Stathopoulos
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2021)

Survival after curative resection of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) varies and prognostic biomarkers are urgently needed.Large-format tissue samples from a prospective cohort of 200 patients with resected LUAD were immunophenotyped for cancer hallmarks TP53, NF1, CD45, PD-1, PCNA, TUNEL and FVIII, and were followed for a median of 2.34 (95% CI 1.71-3.49) years.Unsupervised hierarchical clustering revealed two patient subgroups with similar clinicopathological features and genotype, but with markedly different survival: "proliferative" patients (60%) with elevated TP53, NF1, CD45 and PCNA expression had 50% 5-year overall survival, while "apoptotic" patients (40%) with high TUNEL had 70% 5-year survival (hazard ratio 2.23, 95% CI 1.33-3.80; p=0.0069). Cox regression and machine learning algorithms including random forests built clinically useful models: a score to predict overall survival and a formula and nomogram to predict tumour phenotype. The distinct LUAD phenotypes were validated in The Cancer Genome Atlas and KMplotter data, and showed prognostic power supplementary to International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer tumour-node-metastasis stage and World Health Organization histologic classification.Two molecular subtypes of LUAD exist and their identification provides important prognostic information.
High-dose intravenous iron reduces myocardial infarction in patients on haemodialysis
Authors: Mark C Petrie, Pardeep S Jhund, Eugene Connolly, Patrick B Mark, Michael R MacDonald, Michele Robertson, Stefan D Anker, Sunil Bhandari, Kenneth Farrington, Philip A Kalra, David C Wheeler, Charles R V Tomson, Ian Ford, John J V McMurray, Iain C Macdougall
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2021)

To investigate the effect of high-dose iron vs. low-dose intravenous (IV) iron on myocardial infarction (MI) in patients on maintenance haemodialysis.This was a pre-specified analysis of secondary endpoints of the Proactive IV Iron Therapy in Hemodialysis Patients trial (PIVOTAL) randomized, controlled clinical trial. Adults who had started haemodialysis within the previous year, who had a ferritin concentration <400 μg per litre and a transferrin saturation <30% were randomized to high-dose or low-dose IV iron. The main outcome measure for this analysis was fatal or non-fatal MI. Over a median of 2.1 years of follow-up, 8.4% experienced a MI. Rates of type 1 MIs (3.2/100 patient-years) were 2.5 times higher than type 2 MIs (1.3/100 patient-years). Non-ST-elevation MIs (3.3/100 patient-years) were 6 times more common than ST-elevation MIs (0.5/100 patient-years). Mortality was high after non-fatal MI (1- and 2-year mortality of 40% and 60%, respectively). In time-to-first event analyses, proactive high-dose IV iron reduced the composite endpoint of non-fatal and fatal MI [hazard ratio (HR) 0.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.52-0.93, P = 0.01] and non-fatal MI (HR 0.69, 95% CI 0.51-0.93; P = 0.01) when compared with reactive low-dose IV iron. There was less effect of high-dose IV iron on recurrent MI events than on the time-to-first event analysis.In total, 8.4% of patients on maintenance haemodialysis had an MI over 2 years. High-dose compared to low-dose IV iron reduced MI in patients receiving haemodialysis.2013-002267-25.
Neutralisation of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant sub-lineages AY.4.2 and B.1.617.2 with the mutation E484K by Comirnaty (BNT162b2 mRNA) vaccine-elicited sera, Denmark, 1 to 26 November 2021
Authors: Ria Lassaunière, Charlotta Polacek, Jannik Fonager, Marc Bennedbæk, Lasse Boding, Morten Rasmussen, Anders Fomsgaard
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2021)

Several factors may account for the recent increased spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta sub-lineage AY.4.2 in the United Kingdom, Romania, Poland, and Denmark. We evaluated the sensitivity of AY.4.2 to neutralisation by sera from 30 Comirnaty (BNT162b2 mRNA) vaccine recipients in Denmark in November 2021. AY.4.2 neutralisation was comparable to other circulating Delta lineages or sub-lineages. Conversely, the less prevalent B.1.617.2 with E484K showed a significant more than 4-fold reduction in neutralisation that warrants surveillance of strains with the acquired E484K mutation.
Graded Cardiac Response Criteria for AL Amyloidosis: The Impact of Depth of Cardiac Response on Survival
Authors: Eli Muchtar, Angela Dispenzieri, Brendan Wisniowski, Giovanni Palladini, Paolo Milani, Giampaolo Merlini, Stefan Schönland, Kaya Veelken, Ute Hegenbart, Shaji Kumar, Efstathios Kastritis, Meletios A. Dimopoulos, Michaela Liedtke, Ronald Witteles, Vaishali Sanchorawala, Raphael Szalat, Heather J Landau, Erica Petrlik, Suzanne Lentzsch, Alexander Coltoff, Joan Bladé, M. Teresa Cibeira, Oliver Cohen, Darren Foard, Ashutosh D. Wechalekar, Morie A. Gertz
Journal: Blood (2021)
Centering Equity in Cardiovascular Care
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Among the many lasting effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (CO-VID-19) pandemic on the field of cardiology is greater recognition of the serious preexisting health inequities that have contributed to disproportionately high rates of death in Native American, Hispanic or Latino, and Black communities."COVID-19 has been a syndemic for Black, Hispanic, and Native persons having amplified underlying health inequities that were longstanding in the United States, " says
Extracellular Matrix in Heart Failure: Role of ADAMTS5 in Proteoglycan Remodeling
Authors: Javier Barallobre-Barreiro, Tamás Radovits, Marika Fava, Ursula Mayr, Wen-Yu Lin, Elizaveta Ermolaeva, Diego Martínez-López, Eric L. Lindberg, Elisa Duregotti, László Daróczi, Maria Hasman, Lukas E. Schmidt, Bhawana Singh, Ruifang Lu, Ferheen Baig, Aleksandra Malgorzata Siedlar, Friederike Cuello, Norman Catibog, Konstantinos Theofilatos, Ajay M. Shah, Maria G. Crespo-Leiro, Nieves Doménech, Norbert Hübner, Béla Merkely, Manuel Mayr
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Background: Remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a hallmark of heart failure (HF). Our previous analysis of the secretome of murine cardiac fibroblasts returned ADAMTS5 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5) as one of the most abundant proteases. ADAMTS5 cleaves chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans such as versican. The contribution of ADAMTS5 and its substrate versican to HF is unknown. Methods: Versican remodeling was assessed in mice lacking the catalytic domain of ADAMTS5 (Adamts5 ΔCat ). Proteomics was applied to study ECM remodeling in left ventricular samples from patients with HF, with a particular focus on the effects of common medications used for the treatment of HF. Results: Versican and versikine, an ADAMTS-specific versican cleavage product, accumulated in patients with ischemic HF. Versikine was also elevated in a porcine model of cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury and in murine hearts after angiotensin II infusion. In Adamts5 ΔCat mice, angiotensin II infusion resulted in an aggravated versican build-up and hyaluronic acid disarrangement, accompanied by reduced levels of integrin β1, filamin A, and connexin 43. Echocardiographic assessment of Adamts5 ΔCat mice revealed a reduced ejection fraction and an impaired global longitudinal strain on angiotensin II infusion. Cardiac hypertrophy and collagen deposition were similar to littermate controls. In a proteomics analysis of a larger cohort of cardiac explants from patients with ischemic HF (n=65), the use of β-blockers was associated with a reduction in ECM deposition, with versican being among the most pronounced changes. Subsequent experiments in cardiac fibroblasts confirmed that β1-adrenergic receptor stimulation increased versican expression. Despite similar clinical characteristics, patients with HF treated with β-blockers had a distinct cardiac ECM profile. Conclusions: Our results in animal models and patients suggest that ADAMTS proteases are critical for versican degradation in the heart and that versican accumulation is associated with impaired cardiac function. A comprehensive characterization of the cardiac ECM in patients with ischemic HF revealed that β-blockers may have a previously unrecognized beneficial effect on cardiac chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan content.
Immunogenicity and safety of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine booster in actively treated patients with cancer
Authors: Hagai Ligumsky, Herut Dor, Tal Etan, Inbal Golomb, Alla Nikolaevski-Berlin, Inbal Greenberg, Tamar Halperin, Yoel Angel, Oryan Henig, Avishay Spitzer, Marina Slobodkin, Ido Wolf
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2021)
NCOG-15. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUG DUOTHERAPIES IN GLIOMA PATIENTS: A MULTICENTER OBSERVATIONAL COHORT STUDY
Authors: Pim van der Meer, Linda Dirven, Marta Fiocco, Maaike Vos, Mathilde Kouwenhoven, Martin van den Bent, Martin Taphoorn, Johan Koekkoek
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2021)

Abstract BACKGROUND Uncontrolled seizures on antiepileptic drug (AED) monotherapy are common in glioma patients and about a third of patients need an add-on AED. The aim of this study was to determine whether levetiracetam combined with valproic acid (LEV+VPA), a commonly prescribed duotherapy, was more effective than other duotherapy combinations, which included either LEV or VPA, in glioma patients. METHODS In this multicenter observational cohort study, data of patients with a diffuse grade 2-4 glioma and having uncontrolled seizures on their first-line monotherapy LEV or VPA, was retrospectively analyzed. Primary outcome was treatment failure (i.e. replacement by or addition of a new AED, or withdrawal of an AED) for any reason. Secondary outcomes included: 1) treatment failure due to uncontrolled seizures; and 2) treatment failure due to adverse effects. Time to treatment failure was estimated with multivariable Cox proportional hazard models, from moment of AED duotherapy treatment initiation. The maximum duration of follow-up was 36 months. RESULTS A total of 355 patients received AED duotherapy after they showed treatment failure due to uncontrolled seizures on monotherapy. LEV+VPA was prescribed in 66% (236/355) and other AED duotherapy combinations including LEV or VPA in 34% (119/355) of patients. Patients using other duotherapy versus LEV+VPA had higher risk of treatment failure for any reason (cause-specific hazard ratio [csHR]=1.50 [95%CI=1.07-2.12], p=0.020), due to uncontrolled seizures (csHR=1.73 [95%CI=1.10-2.73], p=0.018), but not due to adverse effects (csHR=0.88 [95%CI=0.47-1.67]), p=0.703). CONCLUSIONS This observational cohort study showed that LEV+VPA has better efficacy than other AED combinations with either LEV or VPA, but toxicity was similar in the two groups.
Comparison of Delivery-Related, Early and Late Postpartum Severe Maternal Morbidity Among Individuals With Commercial Insurance in the US, 2016 to 2017
Authors: Lindsay K. Admon, Vanessa K. Dalton, Giselle E. Kolenic, Anca Tilea, Stephanie V. Hall, Katy Backes Kozhimannil, Kara Zivin
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

This cross-sectional study assesses the relative rates and characteristics of early and late postpartum severe maternal morbidity overall and among racial and ethnic groups and individuals with perinatal mood and anxiety disorder.
Common Diagnoses and Costs in Pediatric Hospitalization in the US
Authors: Sunitha V. Kaiser, Jonathan Rodean, Eric R. Coon, Sanjay Mahant, Peter J. Gill, JoAnna K. Leyenaar
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2021)

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Selected Articles from This Issue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a rare clonal myeloid neoplasm.Preclinical studies have shown CMML to be sensitive to GM-GSF signaling and JAK inhibition.To this end, Hunter and colleagues conducted a phase I and II clinical trial testing ruxolitinib, a JAK1/2 inhibitor that downregulates GM-CSF signaling, in patients with CMML.Ruxolitinib was well tolerated in this patient population, and an overall response rate of 38% was observed.A parallel study of patient-derived xenografts from patients enrolled on the clinical trial corroborated the in-human findings.These results support further clinical study of ruxolitinib for the treatment of CMML.
Error Due to Inclusion of Patients With Incomplete Data in an Analysis
Authors: Charles Khouri, Matthieu Roustit, Jean-Luc Cracowski, Mark Ebell
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2021)

Mark H. Ebell, MD, MS; Woncheol Jang, PhD; Ye Shen, PhD; Romergryko G. Geocadin, MD; for the Get With the Guidelines–Resuscitation Investigators