tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evidence for 15-HETE synthesis by human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
Authors: R RGorman, T DOglesby, G LBundy, N KHopkins
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Incubation of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells with [1-14C]-arachidonic acid, followed by RP-HPLC analysis, resulted in the appearance of two principal radioactive products besides 6-keto-PGF1 alpha. The first peak was HHT, a hydrolysis product of the prostaglandin endoperoxide. The second peak was esterified, converted to the trimethylsilyl ether derivative, and analyzed by GC/MS and was shown to be the lipoxygenase product 15-HETE. Stimulation of endothelial cells with thrombin enhanced 15-HETE synthesis from arachidonate. Subsequent experiments showed that 5-HETE and 12-HETE were also synthesized by endothelial cells, but no evidence of leukotriene synthesis was found. Incubation of the 15-HETE precursor 15-HPETE with endothelial cells resulted in the formation of four distinct ultraviolet light-absorbing peaks. Ultraviolet and GC/MS analysis showed these peaks to be 8,15-diHETEs that differed only in their hydroxyl configuration and cis-trans double-bond geometry. Formation of 8,15-diHE...
Global Media Coverage of the Benefits and Harms of Early Detection Tests
Authors: Mary O’Keeffe, Alexandra Barratt, Alice Fabbri, Joshua R. Zadro, Giovanni E. Ferreira, Sweekriti Sharma, Ray N. Moynihan
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2021)

Limitations include use of a measure of EHR work that considers only when clinicians are actively working (thus likely underestimating total time spent on the EHR), a focus on ambulatory practices, an inability to describe the breakdown of after-hours activity, and lack of accounting for time spent by scribes on documentation.The interspecialty differences we have identified are important given the known associations between administrative burden and clinician burnout.Further investigation should seek to characterize the reasons underlying these differences and identify interventions that reduce the EHR burden.
Voice Production in Singing and Speaking, Based on Scientific Principles.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Relation of risk factor levels in young adulthood to parental history of disease. The CARDIA study.
Authors: G LBurke, P JSavage, J MSprafka, J VSelby, D RJacobs, L LPerkins, J MRoseman, G HHughes, R RFabsitz
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDThe relation between self-reported parental disease and risk factor levels was examined in 2,637 black and 2,478 white men and women aged 18-30 years at the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study baseline examination (1985-1986).METHODS AND RESULTSThe prevalence of parental disease (at least one parent) in white versus black participants was 44% and 56% for hypertension, 47% and 44% for obesity, 16% and 13% for myocardial infarction, 11% and 17% for diabetes, and 6% and 10% for stroke, respectively. Among these young adults, parental hypertension was associated with higher sex- and age-adjusted systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels. Parental myocardial infarction was associated with higher plasma cholesterol, higher blood pressure levels, and lower high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in white participants. Parental diabetes was associated with higher fasting blood glucose and insulin levels in all race-sex groups and with higher triglycerides and lower hig...
Predictive Factors of Endoscopic Dilation Failure of Benign Esophageal Stenosis
Authors: F Ben Farhat, M Sabbah, N Bellil, D Trad, N Bibani, A Ouakaa, D Gargouri
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims The aim of our study was to determine the limits of Endoscopic dilatation (ED) in esophageal Benign Stenosis (BS).
Endoscopic Treatment Of A Giant Zenker’s Diverticulum: Yes We Can!
Authors: S Sferrazza, M Maida, F Vieceli, K Faitini, E Tasini, G de Pretis
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

A female 79-year-old patient admitted to our hospital due to cachectic state with associated rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure. The patient had a history of progressive dysphagia that had worsened over the past 5 years. Besides, the most recent clinical history reported access to the emergency department for aspiration pneumonia. Weight at the admission 38 kg. A large and 8 cm deep Zenker’s diverticulum was diagnosed. Flexible endoscopic septotomy was performed in general anesthesia. Procedura time 20 minutes. After 24 hours liquid diet was resumed without complication. The patient resumed a semi-solid diet 48 hours after the procedure.
The oxygen sensitivity of hamster cheek pouch arterioles. In vitro and in situ studies.
Authors: W FJackson, B RDuling
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

We tested the hypothesis that a parenchymally derived mediator is required for arterioles to exhibit oxygen sensitivity. To that end, the parenchyma was dissected and removed from around hamster cheek pouch arterioles, and the oxygen sensitivity of these  arteriolar  was studied, either in vitro, after cannulation, or in situ. Arteriolar segments in situ with and without parenchyma had similar oxygen sensitivities (20% constriction as Po2 increased from 15 to 150 mm Hg). Arteriolar occlusion, which eliminated blood flow in the in situ aparenchymal segments, did not eliminate their oxygen sensitivity. The oxygen-induced constriction in the occluded aparenchymal segments was blunted but not eliminated by covering the segments with glass plates to prevent changes in Po2 from occurring around these vessels. We hypothesized that propagation of a portion of the oxygen response might explain the persistent response in the covered and occluded arteriolar segments. Oxygen sensitivity could be...
Echocardiographic evaluation of the stent mounted aortic bioprosthetic valve in the mitral position. In vitro and in vivo studies.
Authors: M SHorowitz, P LTecklenberg, D JGoodman, D CHarrison, R LPopp
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Echocardiograms were performed on 20 clinically stable patients following mitral valve replacement with glutaraldehyde-preserved porcine aortic heterografts and three patients with antibiotic sterilized aortic homografts mounted in the mitral position. Such valves were evaluated in a test chamber at varied flow rates resulting in improved understanding of movements seen with the echocardiogram in vivo. The technique for recording the valvular stent and leaflets is described and a method for measuring several parameters is demonstrated. Initial diastolic slope averaged 2.4 +/- 0.5 cm/sec (range 1.9 to 3.3 cm/sec). Left ventricular outflow tract measured from the anterior portion of the stent to the interventricular septum averaged 1.5 +/- 0.5 cm at end-diastole and 1.3 +/- 0.6 cm at end-systole. Leaflet excursion averaged 1.5 +/- 0.3 cm (with a range from 1.0 to 2.1 cm). The ratio of internal to external stent diameters averaged 0.66 +/- 0.05 (with a range from 0.56 to 0.74).
Rapid attenuation ("fade") of the chronotropic response during vagal stimulation in the canine newborn. Evidence for a prominent neuropeptide Y effect.
Authors: SYamasaki, AStolfi, M SMas, L SFox, A SPickoff
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

We studied the time-dependent changes in the response of heart rate (sinus cycle length) to 30-second trains of vagal stimulation (8 Hz), repeated every 2 minutes, in canine neonates aged 7.1 +/- 2.5 (mean +/- SD) days. The first vagal train prolonged the sinus cycle length by 58 +/- 35%, but the response was attenuated during subsequent trains (98 +/- 5% inhibition of the vagal response after only 6.4 +/- 1.7 trains). After 40 minutes, complete restoration of the chronotropic response could be demonstrated. Receptor desensitization could be excluded as the reason for the attenuation by demonstrating preserved responses to exogenous acetylcholine. Neuropeptide Y, a sympathetic cotransmitter that has been shown to attenuate parasympathetic responses (thought to be the result of inhibition of the release of acetylcholine from parasympathetic nerve terminals), was administered (50 micrograms/kg) to eight newborns. Exogenous neuropeptide Y resulted in a complete inhibition of the chronotropic response to vaga...
Race- and Age-Related Disparities in Cervical Cancer Mortality
Authors: Stephanie Alimena, Suvidya Lakshmi Pachigolla, Sarah Feldman, David Yang, Peter F. Orio, Larissa Lee, Martin King
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2021)

Although the incidence of cervical cancer among younger Black women is now equivalent to that of White women, it is unknown whether the reduced incidence has affected survival rates among younger Black women. The goal of this study was to assess differences in survival by age and race.A retrospective cohort study was performed using the National Cancer Database to analyze women with nonmetastatic cervical cancer diagnosed between 2004 and 2014. Women with unknown survival data and those who died within 3 months of diagnosis were excluded. Multivariable logistic regression models evaluated interactions between age and race (Black vs non-Black) for presentation with stage I disease and receipt of optimal treatment. A multivariable Cox regression model was used to evaluate survival differences by age and race.Of 55,659 women included, 16.4% were Black. Compared with their non-Black counterparts, fewer Black women presented with stage I disease (37.8% vs 47.8%; P<.01) and received optimal treatment (46.2% vs 58.3%; P<.01). Fewer Black women had private insurance if they were aged <65 years (39.6% vs 55.7%; P<.01), but not if they were aged ≥65 years (11.7% vs 12.4%; P=.43). According to multivariable logistic regression, Black women aged ≤39 years were less likely to present with stage I disease, with a significant interaction term between age and race (P<.01 for interaction). Disparities in overall survival by race were greatest for Black women aged ≤39 years (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.20-1.46; P<.01) but decreased with increasing age interval until no disparity was noted for women aged ≥65 years (P<.01 for interaction).Younger Black women with cervical cancer are at risk for presenting with higher-stage disease and having worse overall survival. These findings may be related to insurance-related disparities and inadequate follow-up for abnormal Papanicolaou test results. Younger Black women with cervical cancer may be a particularly vulnerable population.
Baroreceptor reflex effects on transient and steady-state hemodynamics of salt-loading hypertension in dogs.
Authors: A WCowley, A CGuyton
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

Intact dogs were compared with barorecptor-denervated dogs to determine the extent to which the baroreceptor reflexes delay the onset and offset transients and alter the final steady-state levels of salt-loading hypertension. Two months after their renal mass had been reduced to about one-third of normal, hypertension was produced in both groups of dogs by continuous intravenous infusion of isotonic saline (190 ml/kg day-1). Major hemodynamic variables were recorded continuously 24 hours/day throughout the experimental period. Both groups of dogs had similar control 24-hour arterial blood pressure values: intact dogs averaged 112 plus or minus 4.1 (SE) mm Hg, and denervated dogs averaged 110 plus or minus 4.3 mm Hg. Both groups reached the same average plateau of elevated arterial blood pressure: intact dogs averaged 142 plus or minus 4.8 mm Hg, and denervated dogs averaged 142 plus or minus 8.7 mm Hg. After the start of salt loading, the denervated dogs reached their plateau level of arterial blood press...
Quantitative analysis of the high-frequency components of the terminal portion of the body surface QRS in normal subjects and in patients with ventricular tachycardia.
Authors: PDenes, PSantarelli, R GHauser, E FUretz
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Quantitative analysis of the high-frequency components of the terminal portion of the surface QRS was performed in 42 normal subjects (group 1, ages 18-67 years, mean +/- SEM 34.7 +/- 2.2 years) and in 12 patients with symptomatic, sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) (group 2, ages 48-76 years, mean 59 +/- 2.3 years). Signal averaging and high-pass, bidirectional digital filtering were used for analysis. The total duration of the QRS, the duration of the low-amplitude signals (less than 40 microV) in the terminal portion of the QRS and the amplitude of the signals in the last 40 and 50 msec of the QRS were measured at filter settings of 25 and 40 Hz. Reproducibility of the measurements was tested in 15 normal subjects by comparing results obtained from two consecutive recordings. Significant differences were found between normal subjects and VT patients for all four indexes at both 25- and 40-Hz filters. Specific values for each of the indexes were identified at the 40-Hz filtering, which could separat...
Two-dimensional echocardiographic features of atrial septal aneurysms.
Authors: BGondi, N CNanda
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Aneurysms of the interatrial septum are rare. They have been associated with complications such as embolic phenomena and atrioventricular orifice obstruction. We describe two patients, one adult and one child, with atrial septal aneurysms that were diagnosed by real-time, two-dimensional echocardiography. Atrial septal aneurysms appeared as thin, localized outpouchings of the atrial septum that protruded into the right atrium and showed marked variations in their contour and size during the cardiac cycle. They could be differentiated from other intra-atrial structures such as tumor mass, large eustachian valve and intra-atrial baffle by their relatively low reflectance, relationship to the atrial septum, considerable alterations in their outline during the cardiac cycle and characteristic patterns during peripheral venous contrast echocardiography.
Intraventricular conduction in man studied with an endocardial electrode catheter mapping technique. Patients with normal QRS and right bundle branch block.
Authors: J AKastor, B NGoldreyer, E NMoore, J CShelburne, J HManchester
Journal: Circulation (1975)

The sequence of intraventricular conduction has been studied in a total of 60 patients, 38 of whom had normal QRS morphology and 37 of whom had right bundle branch block (RBBB) either present continuously or produced as functional aberrant RBBB by the introduction of atrial premature depolarizations or by rapid atrial pacing. Activation times were measured by intracardiac electrode catheters positioned at the right ventricular inflow tract (RVIT), right ventricular apex (RVA), right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT), left ventricular apex (LVA) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT). The activation after beginning of QRS in milliseconds plus or minus 1 SD and the number of patients studied at each location were: RVIT--normal 23 plus or minus 13 (15 patients); RVIT-RBBB 49 plus or minus 16 (15 patients); RVA--normal 18 plus or minus 9 (28 patients); RVA-RBBB 54 plus or minus 16 (30 patients); RVOT--normal 40 plus or minus 10 (28 patients); RVOT-RBBB 78 plus or minus 21 (30 patients);LVA--normal 9 plus or...
Long-chain acylcarnitines mediate the hypoxia-induced increase in alpha 1-adrenergic receptors on adult canine myocytes.
Authors: G PHeathers, K AYamada, E MKanter, P BCorr
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

To elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the increase in alpha 1-adrenergic receptors during ischemia in vivo, we developed a procedure for measuring alpha 1-adrenergic receptors in isolated, calcium-tolerant adult canine myocytes. Specific [3H]prazosin binding was rapid, saturable, reversible, and demonstrated the expected order of potency and stereospecificity for the alpha 1-adrenergic receptor. Myocytes exposed to 30 minutes of hypoxia at 25 degrees C or only 10 minutes at 37 degrees C exhibited a twofold to threefold increase in the number of alpha 1-adrenergic receptors with no significant change in receptor affinity. This hypoxia-induced increase in receptor number was reversible by 10 minutes of reoxygenation at 37 degrees C. In contrast, more prolonged hypoxia of 80 minutes or hypotonic shock actually decreased receptor number below normoxic, control values. The concentration of long-chain acylcarnitines in myocytes also increased threefold on exposure to 30 minutes of hypoxia. Sodium 2-[5-(4-...
ADAM10-Mediated Ectodomain Shedding Is an Essential Driver of Podocyte Damage
Authors: Marlies Sachs, Sebastian Wetzel, Julia Reichelt, Wiebke Sachs, Lisa Schebsdat, Stephanie Zielinski, Lisa Seipold, Lukas Heintz, Stephan A. Müller, Oliver Kretz, Maja Lindenmeyer, Thorsten Wiech, Tobias B. Huber, Renate Lüllmann-Rauch, Stefan F. Lichtenthaler, Paul Saftig, Catherine Meyer-Schwesinger
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2021)

Podocytes embrace the glomerular capillaries with foot processes, which are interconnected by a specialized adherens junction to ultimately form the filtration barrier. Altered adhesion and loss are common features of podocyte injury, which could be mediated by shedding of cell-adhesion molecules through the regulated activity of cell surface-expressed proteases. A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) is such a protease known to mediate ectodomain shedding of adhesion molecules, among others. Here we evaluate the involvement of ADAM10 in the process of antibody-induced podocyte injury.Membrane proteomics, immunoblotting, high-resolution microscopy, and immunogold electron microscopy were used to analyze human and murine podocyte ADAM10 expression in health and kidney injury. The functionality of ADAM10 ectodomain shedding for podocyte development and injury was analyzed, in vitro and in vivo, in the anti-podocyte nephritis (APN) model in podocyte-specific, ADAM10-deficient mice.ADAM10 is selectively localized at foot processes of murine podocytes and its expression is dispensable for podocyte development. Podocyte ADAM10 expression is induced in the setting of antibody-mediated injury in humans and mice. Podocyte ADAM10 deficiency attenuates the clinical course of APN and preserves the morphologic integrity of podocytes, despite subepithelial immune-deposit formation. Functionally, ADAM10-related ectodomain shedding results in cleavage of the cell-adhesion proteins N- and P-cadherin, thus decreasing their injury-related surface levels. This favors podocyte loss and the activation of downstream signaling events through the Wnt signaling pathway in an ADAM10-dependent manner.ADAM10-mediated ectodomain shedding of injury-related cadherins drives podocyte injury.
Lord Mayor Treloar Hospital, Alton
Authors: D F E. Nash
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Self-examination of the breasts SIR,-The technique usually described for carrying out self-examination of the breasts is repeated from pamphlet to pamphlet without question, and the description in the BMJ (5 August, p 413) is no exception.It would seem that no authors have actually tried to carry out the manoeuvre that they advocate, for they would find that it is not very practicable.To expect a woman to examine the medial half of her breast using the flat of the ipsilateral hand demands a combination of gymnastic skill and hyperextension of the metacarpophalangeal joints not usually found outside a ballet school.Self-examination of the breast should be carried out in the same way that a doctor would do a clinical examination of the breasts.The flat of the right hand is drawn right across the left breast from left to right.Starting at the top of the breast this is repeated at lower levels until the whole breast has been palpated.The left hand is then used to examine the right breast in a similar way.
Sex differences in control of cutaneous blood flow.
Authors: J PCooke, M ACreager, P JOsmundson, J TShepherd
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Women are far more likely than men to suffer from Raynaud's disease. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are gender differences in local or central control of cutaneous blood flow that could account for the increased incidence of Raynaud's disease in women. To assess cutaneous blood flow, hand blood flow (HBF), finger blood flow (FBF), or skin perfusion (SP) was measured by fluid plethysmography, mercury strain-gauge plethysmography, or laser Doppler spectroscopy, respectively, in 47 volunteers. Basal HBF in men exceeded that of women (12.1 +/- 2.0 versus 6.2 +/- 1.5 ml/100 ml/min). Likewise, FBF in men surpassed that of women (19.5 +/- 4.1 versus 7.7 +/- 1.8 ml/100 ml/min). Similarly, SP in men was greater than that of women (270 +/- 42 versus 81 +/- 16 perfusion units). However, after total body warming (to induce a thermal sympatholysis), HBF in women exceeded that of men, suggesting that the lower basal HBF in women was due to increased sympathetic outflow to the extremities. Ment...
Fate of gap junctions in isolated adult mammalian cardiomyocytes.
Authors: N JSevers, K SShovel, A MSlade, TPowell, V WTwist, C RGreen
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

The fate of gap junctions in dissociated adult myocytes, maintained for up to 22 hours in culture medium, was investigated by semiquantitative analysis of thin sections and by freeze-fracture electron microscopy. Gap junctions in the dissociated myocyte are intact bimembranous structures seen either as invaginated surface-located structures or as annular profiles in the cytoplasm. Surface-located junctions are sealed from the exterior by a sheet of nonjunctional membrane originating (together with the outer junctional membrane) from the formerly neighboring cell. Serial sectioning was used to establish that at least part of the annular gap junction population in the freshly isolated myocyte represents truly discrete cytoplasmic vesicles; thus, some gap junctions are rapidly endocytosed after myocyte separation. Analysis of the surface-located-to-annular gap junction ratio suggested that no further endocytosis occurred in rabbit and cat myocytes maintained for 22 and 15 hours, respectively. Guinea pig my...
Toward the Conquest of Beriberi
Authors: J. James Smith
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Man's painful acquaintance with beriberi now covers more than 300 years. Remedies of increasing efficacy have been available for 50 years but large population segments still suffer from this deficiency state. This partly autobiographical volume details the contributions of Williams to the isolation, identification, and synthesis of thiamine. Parts of the book are briskly written, and in one of these chapters the reader can scarcely leave. The pace, however, is not sustained and in the latter third of the book interest often wanes in a mass of detail. Full credit is given Colonel Vedder, whose name is synonymous with the American literature on beriberi. Vedder began as an Army officer, Williams as a civil servant in the Bureau of Science in Manila where his lifetime interest in beriberi began. Once he was introduced to the problem his drive to help never relaxed, an appropriate heritage from his missionary parents. After