tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
For and Against Routine Removal of Peripheral Intravenous Catheters
Authors: Tomer Meirson, Adam Goldman, David Bomze
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Adult epiglottitis
Authors: J E Davies, D G John
Journal: BMJ (1988)

Plastic insulin syringes SIR,-Nine years ago Greenough et al pointed out how seldom diabetics became infected by injecting themselves daily with insulin using the same disposable syringe on several occasions, sometimes for several weeks, simply by covering the needle (attached to the syringe) with its cap and leaving the syringe in the refrigerator.'They found no evidence of infection even when the syringe was used for up to two months.In the correspondence that followed Oli, from Nigeria, reported that his diabetics, who could often not afford glass syringes, used their plastic syringes on average for a month, but as few had refrigerators he advised them to put syringe and needles in a clean covered container or pot in a hole in the ground, and since 1974, when he started the diabetic clinic, he had seen no infections.2In 1985 Bloom detailed the advantages of plastic over glass syringes for insulin injections,3 and two years later, after a long campaign by the British Diabetic Association, they became available on general
ABSTRACTS
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1958)

The "half-life" of antibiotics in serum was determined after single intravenous infusions, or after cessation of previous antibiotic therapy by assaying the serum concen- trations of the antibiotics at intervals.Values were de- termined in normal subjects and in patients with acute tubular necrosis during oliguric or diuretic phases.The antibiotics studied were penicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline and erythromycin.The half-life of penicillin G (crystalline sodium salt) after intravenous administration averaged 30 minutes in two normal subjects; it was 7 to 10 hours in two oliguric individuals with a urinary output less than 400 ml.per day.During the diuretic phase, the half-life in three patients ranged from 3.5 to 6.5 hours.The half-life of tetracycline hydrochloride in four oliguric patients ranged from 60 to 120 hours.In one patient, the value was 60 hours after diuresis began and later, as diuresis progressed, it was 14 hours.In normal controls the values were 7 to 8 hours.Streptomycin was given intramuscularly in two oliguric patients.In one of them the concentration in the serum remained unchanged over a period of 3 days and in the other the level fell to one-half its maximum in 19 days.The half-life of erythromycin in one oliguric patient was found to be about 5 hours when the urine output was less than 400 ml.per day.Normal values were 1.5 and 1.1 hours.These data are considered to be of importance in providing a rational approach to antibiotic therapy during acute tubular necrosis and uremia and in further defining the role of the kidney in their excretion.Further studies are underway on the persistence of these and other anti- biotics in the blood of patients with chronic renal disease, during hemodialysis with the artificial kidney and on the in vitro decay of these drugs.Dietary Fats and Blood Lipids.PETER T. Kuo and JOHN C. CARSON, Philadelphia, Pa.(Introduced by Calvin F. Kay).Similar dietary programs have yielded divergent effects upon plasma lipids as reported by different investigators.That some apparent discrepancies are based upon factors other than quantitative or qualitative changes in dietary fat is indicated by this investigation.In 18 patients re- ceiving a 20 Gm. fat per day diet continuously for 10 to 54 months, the mean cholesterol, phospholipid, and triglyceride fell from 356, 320, and 302 mg. per cent, respec- tively, to 266, 256, and 146 mg. per cent, respectively.Ten of these patients then received a supplement of 27 to 54 Gm. per day of soya-bean oil for 6 to 18 weeks.This did not significantly alter the lipid levels.Four patients were placed upon a 3 to 12 week program of isocaloric regular, "fat-free," and 45 to 70 per cent corn oil formula diets in various sequences.Lipids were regularly and
Abstract 17078: Myocardial Stiffness by Intrinsic Wave Propagation Method: Comparison With End-Diastolic Pressure-Volume Relationship
Authors: Orawan Anupraiwan, Filip Ionescu, Ioana Petrescu, Patricia A Pellikka, Martha Grogan, Angela Dispenzieri, Sorin V Pislaru, Cristina Pislaru
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Intrinsic wave propagation is a novel approach to measure myocardial stiffness (MS) as validated in animal studies. Aims and Hypothesis: 1) To compare MS measured by the wave method with chamber stiffness (CS) derived from noninvasively estimated end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship (EDPVR) in patients; 2) To test the hypothesis that MS is superior to CS for predicting outcomes in patients with cardiac amyloidosis (CA). Methods: Prospective study in 56 patients with amyloidosis (CA: 38, noncardiac amyloidosis, NCA: 18; 90% AL-type; age 63 ± 10 yrs; ejection fraction 57 ± 11%) and 36 normal subjects (age 49 ± 13 years). Intrinsic velocity propagation of myocardial stretch (iVP), a measure of MS, was measured by ultra-high frame rate (250-465Hz) tissue Doppler imaging. Left ventricular (LV) EDPVR were reconstructed using the noninvasive single-beat method (Fig.A). Stiffness coefficients (α, β, load-independent) and CS (dP/dV) were calculated. End-diastolic pressure (EDP) was estimated from E/e’. Adverse events at follow-up (death, heart failure, stroke, significant arrhythmia) were recorded. Results: iVP was higher in CA compared to NCA and controls, indicating higher MS (Fig. B). This was confirmed by EDPVR, which were steeper and shifted leftward (Fig. A). The slope (β) of EDPVR and CS (dP/dV) were higher and LV capacitance (V 30 , volume at 30 mmHg) was lower in CA (Fig. A) and correlated with iVP (β: r = 0.59; CS dP/dV, r = 0.43; EDP, r = 0.61; all p&lt;0.0001). Patients with higher LV thickness (r = 0.66), lower LV longitudinal strain (r = -0.57) and elevated NT-proBNP (r = 0.69) had higher iVP. At follow-up (median 2.5 years), after adjusting for relevant confounders, an iVP &gt;2.7 m/s was strongly associated with excess events (p&lt;0.0001; Fig. C) and was superior to measures of CS (dP/dV: p = 0.28; β &gt;6.5: p = 0.03; Fig. D). Conclusions: Myocardial stiffness by intrinsic wave method shows similar findings to chamber stiffness by EDVPR, but is more strongly related to outcomes in patients with amyloidosis.
Serum neurofilament light chain for individual prognostication of disease activity in people with multiple sclerosis: a retrospective modelling and validation study
Authors: Pascal Benkert, Stephanie Meier, Sabine Schaedelin, Ali Manouchehrinia, Özgür Yaldizli, Aleksandra Maceski, Johanna Oechtering, Lutz Achtnichts, David Conen, Tobias Derfuss, Patrice H Lalive, Christian Mueller, Stefanie Müller, Yvonne Naegelin, Jorge R Oksenberg, Caroline Pot, Anke Salmen, Eline Willemse, Ingrid Kockum, Kaj Blennow, Henrik Zetterberg, Claudio Gobbi, Ludwig Kappos, Heinz Wiendl, Klaus Berger, Maria Pia Sormani, Cristina Granziera, Fredrik Piehl, David Leppert, Jens Kuhle, Stefanie Aeschbacher, Muhamed Barakovic, Andreas Buser, Andrew Chan, Giulio Disanto, Marcus D'Souza, Renaud Du Pasquier, Oliver Findling, Riccardo Galbusera, Kevin Hrusovsky, Michael Khalil, Johannes Lorscheider, Amandine Mathias, Annette Orleth, Ernst-Wilhelm Radue, Reza Rahmanzadeh, Tim Sinnecker, Suvitha Subramaniam, Jochen Vehoff, Sven Wellmann, Jens Wuerfel, Chiara Zecca
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2022)
Targeting urothelial neoplasia using an investigational virus-like drug conjugate.
Authors: Rhonda Kines, Reema S. Railkar, Piyush K. Agarwal, John T Schiller
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

514 Background: Human papillomavirus virus-like particles (HPV VLP) preferentially target tumor cells via cell surface modified heparan-sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG). The investigational virus-like drug conjugate, belzupacap sarotalocan (AU-011), is currently in phase 2 clinical trials for treatment of primary choroidal melanoma. We previously demonstrated AU-011’s in vivo tumor acute cytotoxicity upon activation with near-infrared light (nIR), resulting in tumor-free survival for at least 100 days and protection from tumor re-challenge in the MB49 murine flank model of bladder cancer. Here we provide additional data supporting further clinical development in urothelial neoplasia as an additional oncology indication. Methods: We examined the cytotoxicity of AU-011 in a panel of six human bladder cancer cell lines in vitro and binding and distribution in human tumor biopsy samples ex vivo. Tumor distribution of AU-011 was also assessed in vivo after intravesical instillation in the orthotopic MB49 murine model. In consideration of the glycocalyx layer often found coating the interior of the bladder wall and the surface of bladder tumors, pre-treatment with hyauronidase was tested both on human biopsy samples and in the murine orthotopic model. Lastly, tumor distribution of AU-011 was evaluated when formulated with the polyamide Syn3. Results: When tested in vitro on a panel of human bladder tumor cell lines representing grades I-IV carcinomas, we found AU-011’s potency to be in the picomolar range (EC50 range 16.6 pM – 62.75 pM). We assessed the VLPs ability to bind ex vivo to a panel of human urothelial tumor biopsies and observed binding in samples representing both invasive T2 and non-invasive Ta papillary tumors. Tumor biopsy samples were pre-treated with hyaluronidase to break down the glycocalyx layer surrounding the tumor, and an increase in signal was observed in the Ta biopsy sample. Similarly, using the orthotopic MB49 murine tumor model with intravesical delivery of AU-011, we observed an enhancement of AU-011 distribution into the tumor when the bladders were pre-treated with hyaluronidase. Additionally, when formulated with Syn3, AU-011 distribution throughout the tumors was augmented without the need for hyaluronidase pre-treatment. Conclusions: We have demonstrated AU-011 targeted cytotoxicity in vitro using a panel of human bladder cancer cell lines indicating that its binding to bladder cancer cells is tumor grade and genetic mutation agnostic. Additionally, tumor binding and distribution was observed ex vivo using human bladder cancer biopsy samples and in vivo in the murine MB49 orthotopic model. Human and murine tumor distribution was improved with a pre-treatment of hyaluronidase or when formulated with Syn3. Collectively, these data support the further investigation of the use of AU-011 for the indication of uroepithelial cancer.
A Facile and Universal Method for Preparing Polyethylene Glycol‐Metal Hybrid Nanoparticles and Their Application in Tumor Theranostics
Authors: Zefeng Chen, Yaoxun Zeng, Niping Chen, Mingxia Zhang, Yakun Wang, Zhenxing Pan, Jiongpeng Yuan, Zhaoyi Ye, Xiaojing Li, Wangqing Bian, Haihong Li, Kun Zhang, Yan He, Xujie Liu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2022)

Metal ions are of widespread interest owing to their brilliant biomedical functions. However, a simple and universal nanoplatform designed for assembling a range of functional metal ions has not been explored. In this study, a concept of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated transport of metal ions is proposed. 31 types of PEG-metal hybrid nanoparticles (P-MNPs) are successfully synthesized through anionic ring-opening polymerization (ROP), "thiol-ene" click reaction, and subsequent incorporation with multiple metal ions. Compared with other methods, the facile method proposed in this study can provide a feasible approach to design MNPs (mostly <200 nm) containing different metal ions and thus to explore their potential for cancer theranostics. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, four types P-MNPs, i.e., PEG-metal hybrid copper nanoparticles (PEG-Cu NPs), ruthenium nanoparticles (PEG-Ru NPs), and manganese nanoparticles (PEG-Mn NPs) or gadolinium nanoparticles (PEG-Gd NPs), are proven to be tailored for chemodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, and magnetic resonance imaging of tumors, respectively. Overall, this study provides several metal ions-based nanomaterials with versatile functions for broad applications in cancer theranostics. Furthermore, it offers a promising tool that can be utilized for processing other metal-based nanoparticles and exploring their potential in the biomedical field.
A Case of Unilateral Focal Hyperkeratosis
Authors: Woo Chiao Tay, Shang-Ian Tee, Suzanne Wei Na Cheng
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2022)

A patient in their 50s presented with asymptomatic keratotic papules that had first appeared on the fingers and toes more than 10 years ago and then progressed proximally to areas on the left side of the body only. What is your diagnosis?
Asylums revisited
Authors: R Peele, P V Luisada, M J Lucas, D Rudisell, D Taylor
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1977)

The authors revisited Erving Goffman's Asylum (Saint Elizabeths Hospital) and found both the "institutionalization" and "secondary adjustment" phenomena he described 20 years ago. However, they question whether secondary adjustments necessarily follows institutionalization. They also express doubt that institutionalization should be condemned automatically and suggest that it may in fact be the approach of choice for some patients.
Prophylactic lithium.
Authors: D. A. Johnson
Journal: BMJ (1970)

478) gives the impression that both popula- tions were known to be drawn from the same area.The selection of the mining population by panel attendance and death imposes an in- evitable and strong bias and leaves unknown the population of living miners and ex-miners (with or without pneumoconiosis) from the same decades and areas of the deceased miners and ex-miners.The absence of an age gradient of emphysema in the mining group compared with the contrast group would seem to con- firm this bias.The explanation given that confluent fibrotic lesions may have obscured emphysema is improbable as no gradient in men with category "O" to "A" was demonstrated.This point has alco been commented on by Dr. C. M. Fletcher (17 October, p. 176).We cannot accept that the difference in the prevalence of emphysema found to exist between the miners and the contrast popu- lation is representative of the real difference between miners as a whole and the general population.Nor do we think the authors have demonstrated an excess of any particu- lar type of emphysema among the miners with pneumoconiosis.-Weare, etc.,
Utilitarianism.
Authors: R Gillon
Journal: BMJ (1985)

In one of a series of British Medical Journal articles on the philosophical foundations of medical ethics, Gillon outlines the pros and cons of utilitarian theories of ethics, which determine the morality of actions by whether or not they increase happiness or decrease suffering. He counters utilitarian claims to have overcome the disadvantages of deontological theories by pointing out flaws in the coherence, justification, and results of utilitarian arguments, as these arguments are exemplified in the writings of Bentham, Mill, and Hare. He observes that many modern utilitarians have overcome problems with their basic theories by accommodating aspects of deontological thinking.
m6A modification: recent advances, anticancer targeted drug discovery and beyond
Authors: Li-Juan Deng, Wei-Qing Deng, Shu-Ran Fan, Min-Feng Chen, Ming Qi, Wen-Yu Lyu, Qi Qi, Amit K. Tiwari, Jia-Xu Chen, Dong-Mei Zhang, Zhe-Sheng Chen
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2022)

Abstract Abnormal N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is closely associated with the occurrence, development, progression and prognosis of cancer, and aberrant m6A regulators have been identified as novel anticancer drug targets. Both traditional medicine-related approaches and modern drug discovery platforms have been used in an attempt to develop m6A-targeted drugs. Here, we provide an update of the latest findings on m6A modification and the critical roles of m6A modification in cancer progression, and we summarize rational sources for the discovery of m6A-targeted anticancer agents from traditional medicines and computer-based chemosynthetic compounds. This review highlights the potential agents targeting m6A modification for cancer treatment and proposes the advantage of artificial intelligence (AI) in the discovery of m6A-targeting anticancer drugs. Graphical abstract Three stages of m6A-targeting anticancer drug discovery: traditional medicine-based natural products, modern chemical modification or synthesis, and artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted approaches for the future.
Purpura Haemorrhagica
Authors: J. M. Finny
Journal: BMJ (1880)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> <h3>Object</h3> It remains unelucidated regarding the effects of vaccination on disease severity and factors for viral clearance and hospitalization in omicron-infected patients. <h3>Methods</h3> The clinical manifestations of 3,265 Omicron-infected patients (BA.2 variant; the Omicron group) were compared with those of 226 Delta-infected patients (the Delta group).A Multi-class logistic regression model was employed to analyze the impacts of vaccination doses and intervals on disease severity; a logistic regression model to evaluate the risk factors for hospitalization; R 4.1.2 data analysis to investigate the factors for time for nucleic acid negativization (NAN). <h3>Results</h3> Compared with the Delta group, the Omicron group reported a fast transmission, mild symptoms, and lower severity incidence, and a significant inverse correlation of vaccination dose with clinical severity (OR: 0.803, 95%CI: 0.742-0.868, p&lt;0.001). Of the 7 or 5 categories of vaccination status, the risk of severity significantly decreased only at ≥21 days after three doses (OR: 0.618, 95% CI: 0.475-0.803, p&lt;0.001; OR: 0.627, 95% CI: 0.482-0.815, p&lt;0.001, respectively). The Omicron group also reported underlying illness as an independent factor for hospitalization, sore throat as a protective factor, and much shorter time for NAN [15 (12,19) vs. 16 (12,22), p&lt;0.05]. NAN was associated positively with age, female gender, fever, cough, and disease severity, but negatively with vaccination doses. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Booster vaccination should be advocated for COVID-19 pandemic-related control and prevention policies and adequate precautions should be taken for patients with underlying conditions.
Errors in Results Section
Authors: Eric Feuer, Sergio Acuna
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Julio Rosenstock, MD; Steven E. Kahn, MB, ChB; Odd Erik Johansen, MD, PhD; Bernard Zinman, MD; Mark A. Espeland, PhD; Hans J. Woerle, MD; Egon Pfarr, MSc; Annett Keller, MSc, PhD; Michaela Mattheus, MSc; David Baanstra, MSc, MBA; Thomas Meinicke, MD; Jyothis T. George, MBBS, PhD; Maximilian von Eynatten, MD; Darren K. McGuire, MD, MHSc; Nikolaus Marx, MD; for the CAROLINA Investigators
THE BIRTH-RATE AND RACIAL STABILITY
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Course of Lectures on Clinical Medicine
Authors: W. R. Basham
Journal: BMJ (1847)

LECTURE XI.Acute Rheunmatismn, with metastasis to the Heart.-Pericardialand endocardial disease; general character of the physical signs; affections of the mitral valve distinguished front those of the aortic.-Progress of the case; the treatment; suddendeath.-Post-mortemexamination.-Pathologicalconditions calculated to have brought abouit airupt dissolution.-Treatment,when commnenced after cardiac disease fully formed, less effective than when applied in the earliest stage.-Necessity ]Or constant vigilance for heart-disease in acute rheumatism.Gentlemen,-The subject to whiclh I am anxious to direct your attention to dlay is one of powerful interest in a pathological view,-pericarditis and endocarditis accompanying acute rheumatism,-the ravages of inflainmation attacking the heart externally and inter- nally.You have just left the post-mortem examination,
Birth asphyxia.
Authors: D P Addy
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Birth asphyxiaBirth asphyxia is often blamed, sometimes wrongly, when a child is found to have a neurological handicap.Estimates of its incidence in Britain and the United States in the 1960s and early, 1970s have varied from 1 2% to 500 of birthsl-3 (and of severe asphyxia 0.400 to 1.6%01 4 5), but the
PEKING, CHINA
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal