tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Metabolic programming in dendritic cells tailors immune responses and homeostasis
Authors: Sofie Hedlund Møller, Limei Wang, Ping-Chih Ho
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2021)

Abstract It is being increasingly acknowledged that immune cells depend on certain metabolic traits to perform their functions and that the extracellular environment can influence cell metabolism and vice versa. Dendritic cell (DC) subsets traffic through highly diverse environments from the bone marrow, where they develop, to the various peripheral tissues, where they differentiate and capture antigens, before they migrate to the lymph node to present antigens and prime T cells. It is plausible that DC subsets modulate their stimulatory abilities in response to unique metabolic programming. The metabolic requirements of DCs are just recently being discovered, and subset- and context-specific metabolic phenotypes in DCs are highly intertwined with DC functions. In this review, we present the current knowledge on the intrinsic and extrinsic determinants of DC metabolism, how they regulate DC function with examples from tumor biology and in interaction with the microbiota, and discuss how this can be applied therapeutically.
Youth ice hockey COVID-19 protocols and prevention of sport-related transmission
Authors: Allison Krug, Richard Appleby, Robert Pizzini, Tracy Beth Høeg
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2021)

This observational study evaluated the impact of return-to-play protocols to prevent transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a youth ice hockey programme in Virginia Beach, Virginia.Following an outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 in November 2020, a COVID-19 Response Team evaluated the epidemiological data to identify transmission dynamics and develop enhanced protocols to prevent transmission. During the subsequent 18-week study period, incident cases were investigated to identify the likely transmission source; testing, quarantine and isolation recommendations were provided to families in accordance with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines.Simple but stringent protocols were implemented among 148 youth ice hockey players ages 6-18. Players were required to arrive at the rink in full gear; locker rooms were closed, building entry was limited to one parent per player, and masks were required at all times except for players on the ice. Following implementation of the enhanced protocols, more than 500 practices and games were completed with at least 15 858 athlete-hours of exposure and no within-programme COVID-19 transmission was detected despite high community incidence and sporadic household exposures.This study suggests indoor youth sports can operate safely with appropriate protocols in place, even within communities of high COVID-19 transmission, even when athletes are not yet vaccinated or wearing masks during play. Transmission appears to be more likely in congested indoor areas involving adults than on the ice during play. Protocols should be developed in collaboration with programme participants. Strong collaboration in the interest of youth sports can motivate adoption of protocols which prevent within-team transmission.
Guidance on the management of left ventricular assist device <scp>(LVAD)</scp> supported patients for the non‐<scp>LVAD</scp> specialist healthcare provider: executive summary
Authors: Tuvia Ben Gal, Binyamin Ben Avraham, Davor Milicic, Marisa G. Crespo‐Leiro, Andrew J.S. Coats, Giuseppe Rosano, Petar Seferovic, Frank Ruschitzka, Marco Metra, Stefan Anker, Gerasimos Filippatos, Johann Altenberger, Stamatis Adamopoulos, Yaron D. Barac, Ovidiu Chioncel, Nicolaas de Jonge, Jeremy Elliston, Maria Frigerio, Eva Goncalvesova, Israel Gotsman, Avishai Grupper, Righab Hamdan, Yoav Hammer, Tal Hasin, Loreena Hill, Osnat Itzhaki Ben Zadok, Miriam Abuhazira, Jacob Lavee, Wilfried Mullens, Sanem Nalbantgil, Massimo F. Piepoli, Piotr Ponikowski, Luciano Potena, Arsen Ristic, Arjang Ruhparwar, Aviv Shaul, Laurens F. Tops, Steven Tsui, Stephan Winnik, Tiny Jaarsma, Finn Gustafsson
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2021)
Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease
Authors: Romain Marignier, Yael Hacohen, Alvaro Cobo-Calvo, Anne-Katrin Pröbstel, Orhan Aktas, Harry Alexopoulos, Maria-Pia Amato, Nasrin Asgari, Brenda Banwell, Jeffrey Bennett, Fabienne Brilot, Marco Capobianco, Tanuja Chitnis, Olga Ciccarelli, Kumaran Deiva, Jérôme De Sèze, Kazuo Fujihara, Anu Jacob, Ho Jin Kim, Ingo Kleiter, Hans Lassmann, Maria-Isabel Leite, Christopher Linington, Edgar Meinl, Jacqueline Palace, Friedemann Paul, Axel Petzold, Sean Pittock, Markus Reindl, Douglas Kazutoshi Sato, Krzysztof Selmaj, Aksel Siva, Bruno Stankoff, Mar Tintore, Anthony Traboulsee, Patrick Waters, Emmanuelle Waubant, Brian Weinshenker, Tobias Derfuss, Sandra Vukusic, Bernhard Hemmer
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2021)
B7 score and T cell infiltration stratify immune status in prostate cancer
Authors: Qianghua Zhou, Kaiwen Li, Yiming Lai, Kai Yao, Qiong Wang, Xiangyu Zhan, Shirong Peng, Wenli Cai, Wei Yao, Xingxing Zang, Kewei Xu, Jian Huang, Hai Huang
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2021)

Background Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), especially programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis blockers, exhibit prominent antitumor effects against numerous malignancies, their benefit for patients with prostate cancer (PCa) has been somewhat marginal. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of B7-H3 or HHLA2 as alternative immunotherapeutic targets in PCa. Methods Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate the expression pattern of PD-L1, B7-H3 and HHLA2 and the infiltration of CD8 + and Foxp3 + lymphocytes in 239 PCa tissues from two independent cohorts. The correlations between B7-H3 and HHLA2 and clinicopathological features, including the presence of CD8 + and Foxp3 + tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), were explored. Results HHLA2 expression was much higher than PD-L1 expression but lower than B7-H3 expression in PCa tissues. High expression of both B7-H3 and HHLA2 was significantly associated with higher Gleason score and tumor stage, lymph node metastasis and dismal overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). Moreover, a high B7 score, defined as high B7-H3 expression and/or high HHLA2 expression, was an independent prognostic predictor for PCa. Of note, a high B7 score was negatively correlated with CD8 + TILs. Importantly, a new immune classification, based on the B7 score and CD8 + TILs, successfully stratified OS and CSS in PCa. Conclusions Both B7-H3 and HHLA2 have a critical impact on the immunosuppressive microenvironment, and the B7 score could be used as an independent prognostic factor for PCa. The B7 score combined with CD8 + TILs could be used as a new immune classification to stratify the risk of death, especially cancer-related death, for patients with PCa. These findings may provide insights that could improve response to immune-related comprehensive therapy for PCa in the future.
Bans, Taxes or Product Placement? Applying the Liberal Perfectionist Proviso to Public Health Food Policy
Authors: Owen Thomas, Mark Sheehan, Mike Rayner
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2021)

The concept of a Liberal Proviso introduced in “Neutrality and Perfectionism in Public Health” (Ismaili M’hamdi 2021) provides some ideas on how to limit excessive or unjustified interventions from...
26262 M89, a dermocosmetic combining 89% Vichy volcanic mineralizing water and hyaluronic acid applied once daily for 4 weeks was effective and well tolerated after peeling procedures
Authors: Elena Araviiskaia, Martina Kerscher, Julieta Spada, Cecilia Orlandi, Maryna Anfilova, Sonya Abdulla, Catherine Delva, Delphine Kerob, Monika Arenbergerova, Masha Sviatoslav Tuz, Jerry Tan
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2021)
28364 Efficacy of deep cleansing gel containing 2% salicylic acid, 0.2% zinc gluconate, and 0.05% lipohydroxyacid as monotherapy to treat mild to moderate facial acne vulgaris
Authors: Loan Towersey, Clarice Caixeta, Roderick James Hay, Brigitte Drenó, Sophie Seité, Priscila Correia, José Euzébio Gonçalves Junior, Beatriz Sant’Anna
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2021)
LBA-1 Phase 3 APACT trial of adjuvant nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine (nab-P + Gem) vs gemcitabine (Gem) alone in patients with resected pancreatic cancer (PC): Updated 5-year overall survival
Authors: M. Tempero, E. O'Reilly, E. Van Cutsem, J. Berlin, P. Philip, D. Goldstein, J. Tabernero, M. Borad, J. Bachet, V. Parner, N. Tebbutt, Y. Chua, P. Corrie, M. Harris, J. Taieb, M. Burge, V. Kunzmann, G. Zhang, D. McGovern, H. Marks, A. Biankin, M. Reni
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Comparison of domain adaptation techniques for white matter hyperintensity segmentation in brain MR images
Authors: Vaanathi Sundaresan, Giovanna Zamboni, Nicola K. Dinsdale, Peter M. Rothwell, Ludovica Griffanti, Mark Jenkinson
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2021)

Robust automated segmentation of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in different datasets (domains) is highly challenging due to differences in acquisition (scanner, sequence), population (WMH amount and location) and limited availability of manual segmentations to train supervised algorithms. In this work we explore various domain adaptation techniques such as transfer learning and domain adversarial learning methods, including domain adversarial neural networks and domain unlearning, to improve the generalisability of our recently proposed triplanar ensemble network, which is our baseline model. We used datasets with variations in intensity profile, lesion characteristics and acquired using different scanners. For the source domain, we considered a dataset consisting of data acquired from 3 different scanners, while the target domain consisted of 2 datasets. We evaluated the domain adaptation techniques on the target domain datasets, and additionally evaluated the performance on the source domain test dataset for the adversarial techniques. For transfer learning, we also studied various training options such as minimal number of unfrozen layers and subjects required for fine-tuning in the target domain. On comparing the performance of different techniques on the target dataset, domain adversarial training of neural network gave the best performance, making the technique promising for robust WMH segmentation.
Parenchymal destruction in asthma: Fixed airflow obstruction and lung function trajectory
Authors: Kaoruko Shimizu, Naoya Tanabe, Akira Oguma, Hirokazu Kimura, Masaru Suzuki, Isao Yokota, Hironi Makita, Susumu Sato, Toyohiro Hirai, Masaharu Nishimura, Satoshi Konno
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2021)
Passive Smoking Throughout the Life Course and the Risk of Incident Rheumatoid Arthritis in Adulthood Among Women
Authors: Kazuki Yoshida, Jiaqi Wang, Susan Malspeis, Nathalie Marchand, Bing Lu, Lauren C. Prisco, Lily W. Martin, Julia A. Ford, Karen H. Costenbader, Elizabeth W. Karlson, Jeffrey A. Sparks
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2021)

To investigate passive smoking throughout the life course and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), while accounting for personal smoking.We analyzed the Nurses' Health Study II prospective cohort, using information collected via biennial questionnaires. We assessed the influence of 1) maternal smoking during pregnancy (in utero exposure), 2) childhood parental smoking, and 3) years lived with smokers since age 18. Incident RA and serostatus were determined by medical record review. Using the marginal structural model framework, we estimated the controlled direct effect of each passive smoking exposure on adult incident RA risk by serologic phenotype, controlling for early-life factors and time-updated adulthood factors including personal smoking.Among 90,923 women, we identified 532 incident RA cases (66% seropositive) during a median of 27.7 years of follow-up. Maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with RA after adjustment for confounders, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.25 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.03-1.52), but not after accounting for subsequent smoking exposures. Childhood parental smoking was associated with seropositive RA after adjustment for confounders (HR 1.41 [95% CI 1.08-1.83]). In the controlled direct effect analyses, childhood parental smoking was associated with seropositive RA (HR 1.75 [95% CI 1.03-2.98]) after controlling for adulthood personal smoking, and the association was accentuated among ever smokers (HR 2.18 [95% CI 1.23-3.88]). There was no significant association of adulthood passive smoking with RA (HR 1.30 for ≥20 years of living with a smoker versus none [95% CI 0.97-1.74]).We found a potential direct influence of childhood parental smoking on adult-onset incident seropositive RA even after controlling for adulthood personal smoking.
Combined epidemiological and genomic analysis of nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection early in the pandemic and the role of unidentified cases in transmission
Authors: Luke B. Snell, Chloe L. Fisher, Usman Taj, Oliver Stirrup, Blair Merrick, Adela Alcolea-Medina, Themoula Charalampous, Adrian W. Signell, Harry D. Wilson, Gilberto Betancor, Mark Tan Kia Ik, Emma Cunningham, Penelope R. Cliff, Suzanne Pickering, Rui Pedro Galao, Rahul Batra, Stuart J.D. Neil, Michael H. Malim, Katie J. Doores, Sam T. Douthwaite, Gaia Nebbia, Jonathan D. Edgeworth, Ali R. Awan
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2021)
Phototriggered Self‐Adaptive Functionalized MOC‐Based Drug Delivery Platform Promises High Antitumor Efficacy
Authors: Yifeng Shen, Congjun Xu, Jie Chen, Zilin Guan, Yanjuan Huang, Zishan Zeng, Xiaoyu Xu, Xiaomin Tan, Chunshun Zhao
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2021)

Due to their great stability and special cavities, metal-organic cages (MOCs) are increasingly considered as promising nanocarriers for drug delivery. However, the size and surface dilemmas restrict their further biomedical applications. The ultrasmall size of MOCs facilitates tumor penetration but suffers from quick clearance and poor accumulation at the tumor site. Hydrophobicity of MOC surfaces improves internalization into tumor cells while causing low blood circulation time as well as poor biocompatibility. Therefore, it remains challenging for the MOC-based drug delivery nanoplatform to realize high therapeutic efficacy because it requires different or even opposite dimensions and surface characteristics in different steps of circulation, penetration, accumulation, and internalization processes. In this study, an unprecedented phototriggered self-adaptive platform (ZnPc@polySCage) is developed by integrating functionalized MOCs and a photodynamic therapy based reactive oxygen species responsive strategy to realize high-efficiency tumor-specific therapy. ZnPc@polySCage remains hydrophilic and stealthy during circulation, and retains its small original size for tumor penetration, while transforming to a larger size for effective accumulation and hydrophobic for enhanced internalization under laser irradiation in tumor tissue. With these essential transitions, ZnPc@polySCage demonstrates prominent antitumor effects. Overall, the work provides an advantageous strategy for functional MOC-based platforms and biomedical applications.
27004 Evaluating the impact of risankizumab treatment withdrawal on predicted health-related quality of life in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis using a machine learning model
Authors: Kim A. Papp, Ahmed M. Soliman, Nicolae Done, Christopher Carley, Esteban Lemus Wirtz, Lluís Puig
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2021)
Enhanced tumor homing of pathogen-mimicking liposomes driven by R848 stimulation: A new platform for synergistic oncology therapy
Authors: Xiaobei Cheng, Pei Yu, Xiang Zhou, Jiale Zhu, Yubao Han, Chao Zhang, Lingyi Kong
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2021)

Although multifarious tumor-targeting modifications of nanoparticulate systems have been attempted in joint efforts by our predecessors, it remains challenging for nanomedicine to traverse physiological barriers involving blood vessels, tissues, and cell barriers to thereafter demonstrate excellent antitumor effects. To further overcome these inherent obstacles, we designed and prepared mycoplasma membrane (MM)-fused liposomes (LPs) with the goal of employing circulating neutrophils with the advantage of inflammatory cytokine-guided autonomous tumor localization to transport nanoparticles. We also utilized in vivo neutrophil activation induced by the liposomal form of the immune activator resiquimod (LPs-R848). Fused LPs preparations retained mycoplasma pathogen characteristics and achieved rapid recognition and endocytosis by activated neutrophils stimulated by LPs-R848. The enhanced neutrophil infiltration in homing of the inflammatory tumor microenvironment allowed more nanoparticles to be delivered into solid tumors. Facilitated by the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), podophyllotoxin (POD)-loaded MM-fused LPs (MM-LPs-POD) were concomitantly released from neutrophils and subsequently engulfed by tumor cells during inflammation. MM-LPs-POD displayed superior suppression efficacy of tumor growth and lung metastasis in a 4T1 breast tumor model. Overall, such a strategy of pathogen-mimicking nanoparticles hijacking neutrophils in situ combined with enhanced neutrophil infiltration indeed elevates the potential of chemotherapeutics for tumor targeting therapy.
Teaching old mice new tricks: the utility of aged mouse models of C. difficile infection to study pathogenesis and rejuvenate immune response
Authors: Jae Hyun Shin, Sean W. Pawlowski, Cirle A. Warren
Journal: Gut Microbes (2021)

Clostridioides difficile is a serious problem for the aging population. Aged mouse model of C. difficile infection (CDI) has emerged as a valuable tool to evaluate the mechanism of aging in CDI.We reviewed five published studies utilizing aged mice (7-28 months) for CDI model for findings that may advance our understanding of how aging influences outcome from CDI.Aged mouse models of CDI uniformly demonstrated more severe disease in the old compared to young mice. Diminished neutrophil recruitment to intestinal tissue in aged mice is the most consistent finding. Differences in innate and humoral immune responses were also observed. The effects of aging on the outcome of infection were reversed by pharmacologic or microbiota-targeted interventions.The aged mouse presents an important in vivo model to study CDI and elucidate the mechanisms underlying advanced age as an important risk factor for severe disease.
Regulatory T cells promote innate inflammation after skin barrier breach via TGF-β activation
Authors: Joshua M. Moreau, Miqdad O. Dhariwala, Victoire Gouirand, Devi P. Boda, Ian C. Boothby, Margaret M. Lowe, Jarish N. Cohen, Courtney E. Macon, John M. Leech, Lokesh A. Kalekar, Tiffany C. Scharschmidt, Michael D. Rosenblum
Journal: Science Immunology (2021)

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) use multiple mechanisms to attenuate inflammation and prevent autoimmunity. Tregs residing in peripheral (i.e., nonlymphoid) tissues have specialized functions; specifically, skin Tregs promote wound healing, suppress dermal fibrosis, facilitate epidermal regeneration, and augment hair follicle cycling. Here, we demonstrated that skin Tregs were transcriptionally attuned to interact with their tissue environment through increased expression of integrin and TGF-β pathway genes that influence epithelial cell biology. We identified a molecular pathway where skin Tregs license keratinocytes to promote innate inflammation after skin barrier breach. Using a single-cell discovery approach, we identified preferential expression of the integrin αvβ8 on skin Tregs Upon skin injury, Tregs used this integrin to activate latent TGF-β, which acted directly on epithelial cells to promote CXCL5 production and neutrophil recruitment. Induction of this circuit delayed epidermal regeneration but provided protection from Staphylococcus aureus infection across a compromised barrier. Thus, αvβ8-expressing Tregs in the skin, somewhat paradoxical to their canonical immunosuppressive functions, facilitated inflammation acutely after loss of barrier integrity to promote host defense against infection.
Interpreting the ACC/AHA Clinical Practice Guideline Recommendation Classification System
Authors: Jason T. Alexander, Adam S. Cifu
Journal: JAMA (2021)

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Lung Function Levels Influence the Association between Obesity and Risk of COVID-19
Authors: Dinh S. Bui, Raisa Cassim, Melissa A. Russell, Alice Doherty, Adrian J. Lowe, Alvar Agusti, Shyamali C. Dharmage, Caroline J. Lodge
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2021)

Obesity is associated with immune suppression and may be associated with increased risk of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) (1).This association may be modified by factors such as lung function (2-4).We explored here the association between obesity and COVID-19 in relation to the underlying lung function strata.To our knowledge, this possible interaction has not been investigated to date.We investigated the association between obesity and risk of a positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) test and how lung function levels influenced this association in 36,896 participants in the UK Biobank tested for SARS-CoV-2 (5).The UK Biobank study recruited 502,543 participants aged 40-69 years living close to one of 22 assessment centers across England, Scotland, and Wales, between March 2006 and