tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ankle-arm index as a marker of atherosclerosis in the Cardiovascular Health Study. Cardiovascular Heart Study (CHS) Collaborative Research Group.
Authors: A BNewman, D SSiscovick, T AManolio, JPolak, L PFried, N OBorhani, S KWolfson
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDPeripheral arterial disease measured noninvasively by the ankle-arm index (AAI) is common in older adults, largely asymptomatic, and associated with clinically manifest cardiovascular disease (CVD). The criteria for an abnormal AAI have varied in previous studies. To determine whether there is an inverse dose-response relation between the AAI and clinical CVD, subclinical disease, and risk factors, we examined the relation of the AAI to cardiovascular risk factors, other noninvasive measures of subclinical atherosclerosis using carotid ultrasound, echocardiography and electrocardiography, and clinical CVD.METHODS AND RESULTSThe AAI was measured in 5084 participants > or = 65 years old at the baseline examination of the Cardiovascular Health Study. All subjects had detailed assessment of prevalent CVD, measures of cardiovascular risk factors, and noninvasive measures of disease. Participants were stratified by baseline clinical CVD status and AAI (  or = 0.8 to   or = 0.9 to < 1.0, ...
33P Demographic differentials of lung cancer survival in Bangladeshi patients
Authors: M.R.R. Islam, A.T.M.K. Hasan, N. Khatun, I. Ridi, N. Ishrat, S. Das, F. Arjuman, H.S. Ahmed, F.A. Begum, M.R. Islam, M. Rahman, M.N. Karim, A. Hossain, M.N. Hossen
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Integrin receptors on aortic smooth muscle cells mediate adhesion to fibronectin, laminin, and collagen.
Authors: R IClyman, K AMcDonald, R HKramer
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

Extracellular matrix receptors on vascular smooth muscle cells help in anchoring the cells during contraction and in promoting cellular migration after vessel injury. We found that rat aortic smooth muscle cells attach to surfaces coated with fibronectin, laminin, and collagen types I and IV. Cell attachment to these substrates appears to be mediated by members of the beta 1 integrin family of extracellular matrix receptors. Antibodies to the beta 1 subunit not only demonstrated the presence of integrin complexes in focal adhesion plaques but also blocked cell adhesion to the different substrates. Ligand-affinity chromatography and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis isolated a series of receptor complexes that were recognized by antisera to beta 1 integrin receptors. Each of the receptors appeared to be a heterodimer in which one of several alpha subunits shared a common 120-kDa (nonreduced) beta 1 subunit protein. The rat aortic smooth muscle cells had one alpha subunit (150 kDa no...
Randomized, double-blinded multicenter study. Comparison of intracoronary single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator, pro-urokinase (GE-0943), and intracoronary urokinase in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: HKambara, CKawai, NKajiwara, HNiitani, SSasayama, KKanmatsuse, KKodama, HSato, MNobuyoshi, MNakashima
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Coronary recanalization rates and changes in the coagulation and fibrinolysis system were evaluated in a randomized fashion in patients with acute myocardial infarction after intracoronary administration of single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (pro-urokinase: GE-0943) or urokinase. Three groups of patients were studied: group H (n = 50), 6,000 units pro-urokinase i.c.; group L (n = 44), 3,000 units pro-urokinase i.c.; and group U (n = 54), 960,000 IU urokinase i.c. Coronary recanalization rates determined angiographically after 45 minutes of intracoronary infusion averaged 90% in group H, 59% in group L, and 61% in group U. The differences were statistically significant between group H and the latter two groups. Pro-urokinase affected plasma proteins of the fibrinolytic system to a lesser degree than urokinase. Bleeding complications were present in one patient in group L, in none in group H, and in five in group U. Thus, intracoronary administration of 6,000 units pro-urokinase is more effec...
Relations between myocardial blood flow and postextrasystolic potentiation in epicardial and endocardial left ventricular regions early after coronary occlusion in dogs.
Authors: BCrozatier
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Postextrasystolic potentiation was studied during control and 5 minutes after coronary occlusion in epicardial regions of 12 open-chest dogs. Segmental behavior evaluated with ultrasonic crystals was correlated with regional myocardial blood flow (MBF) measured with radioactive microspheres. A similar correlation was found between the percentage of systolic shortening in postextrasystolic beats and MBF in epicardial (r = 0.64) and endocardial (r = 0.97) regions, although the scatter was much larger in the epicardium. The correlation was similar when segmental function was expressed as the area of the pressure-segment length loop. Three types of segments were described; completely ischemic segments (transmural MBF less than 5% of control), in which end-systolic length was larger than end-diastolic length after postextrasystolic potentiation; severely ischemic segments (5% less than or equal to transmural MBF less than 25% of control), in which the ischemic bulge during control beats was replaced by active ...
Reciprocating tachycardia using bilateral anomalous pathways: electrophysiologic and clinical implications.
Authors: JCinca, VValle, LGutierrez, JFigueras, JRius
Journal: Circulation (1980)

A patient who had disabling supraventricular tachycardia showed electrophysiologic evidence of coexistent right and left Kent bundles. The supraventricular tachycardia was accelerated by sequential antegrade and retrograde conduction over the right and left Kent bundles, respectively. Spontaneous blocking of the conduction through the right Kent bundle was associated with a slowing of the tachycardia and with the appearance of right bundle branch block (RBBB). Antegrade conduction was through the left bundle branch and was followed by an early retrograde atrial activation through the left Kent bundle, with consequent shortening of the ventriculoatrial (VA) interval. Thus, the coexistence of bilateral Kent bundles can be suspected whenever shortening of the VA interval in external electrocardiographic recordings occurs in the presence of a tachycardia with a RBBB pattern in a patient with right-sided preexcitation. Our data also showed that bilateral accessory pathways may have different electrophysiologic...
Anatomy of the tricuspid annulus. Circumferential myofibers as the structural basis for atrial flutter in a canine model.
Authors: D KRacker, P CUrsell, B FHoffman
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDLittle anatomic information is available on the annular myocardium. This study was conducted to determine the anatomic substrate for atrial flutter due to circus movement around the tricuspid annulus in the Y-shaped incision canine model of atrial flutter.METHODS AND RESULTSWe studied photographs of the annular myocardium serial histological sections, made in either of three different planes, and compared these with photographs of the intact and blocked gross heart specimens. We found that the annulus is the most caudal region of the atrial wall. The epicardial aspect of the annulus abuts the ventricular septum or the aortic root in the medial region; in other regions, it is covered by the fat of the coronary sulcus. Its endocardial aspect is delimited by the tricuspid leaflets inferiorly and by the pectinate muscle bundles superiorly, except in the medial region where the pectinate muscle bundles are absent. The annular myocardium is bilaminated. A continuous subepicardial circumferential lamin...
The influence of heart rate on pulmonary arterial-left ventricular pressure relationships at end-diastole.
Authors: YEnson, J AWood, N BMantaras, R MHarvey
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Increased resistance to blood flow stemming from structural and functional abnormalities of the lungs may cause pressure in the pulmonary artery to exceed that in the left ventricle at the end of ventricular diastole. This study explores the possible contribution of heart rate to the diastolic pressure gradient observed in the presence of acutely induced hypoxia. Pulmonary hemodynamics were examined in mongrel dogs with chronic atrioventricular dissociation with and without hypoxia at two different heart rates and during sequential increments in heart rate while the animals breathed room air. Studies during sequential pacing indicate that heart rate was of greater importance than blood flow in determining the magnitude of the gradient. Heart rate has to be considered when the causes of pulmonary hypertension and the effects of drugs or other agents on the pulmonary circulation are being investigated.
Abstract 382: p300 Mediated Acetylation of the Cardiac Calcium Pump Reduces Its Activity and Contributes to Cardiac Dysfunction
Authors: Przemyslaw A Gorski, Ahyoung Lee, Jaegyun Oh, Roger J Hajjar, Changwon Kho
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

Impaired calcium uptake resulting from reduced expression and activity of the cardiac calcium ATPase (SERCA2a) is a hallmark of heart failure (HF). The calcium sequestering activity of SERCA2a is tightly regulated by the endogenous protein phospholamban that lowers its apparent affinity for calcium. However, other mechanisms of SERCA2a regulation, including post-translational modifications (PTMs), have recently emerged. Our lab has identified SUMOylation as a PTM that enhances the stability and activity of SERCA2a. Our latest analysis of SERCA2a PTMs has identified lysine acetylation as another PTM which might play a significant role in regulating SERCA2a activity. Indeed, we have demonstrated that SERCA2a is acetylated, and that this acetylation is more prominent in failing human hearts. In line with these observations, we determined the expression levels of key acetyltransferases to also be elevated in human HF tissues. Using a HEK293 cell-based co-expression screen, we found that p300 directly interacts with and acetylates SERCA2a. This interaction was confirmed in human cardiac tissues and using in vitro acetylation of purified SERCA2a by p300. Moreover, we have shown that p300 mediated acetylation profoundly reduced SERCA2a ATPase activity. Analysis of in vitro acetylated SERCA2a by mass spectrometry revealed several lysine residues in SERCA2a susceptible to acetylation by p300. We functionally characterized acetylated (Lys-to-Gln) and deacetylated (Lys-to-Arg) mimicking mutants of SERCA2a and found the identified acetylation sites on SERCA2a, specifically Lys492 located in the nucleotide binding pocket, to be essential for SERCA2a function. This was also corroborated by our structural models of acetylated forms of SERCA2a. Finally, we have demonstrated that adenovirus-mediated overexpression of acetyl-mimicking mutants of SERCA2a in cardiomyocytes isolated from SERCA2 conditional knockout mice does not restore normal cardiomyocyte function. Taken together, our data demonstrate that p300 mediated acetylation of SERCA2a is a critical post-translational mechanism that regulates calcium pump function and provides invaluable information necessary to develop new therapies to improve cardiac function in HF.
Molecular Imaging Identifies Fibroblast Activation Beyond the Infarct Region After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Johanna Diekmann, Tobias Koenig, Carolin Zwadlo, Thorsten Derlin, Jonas Neuser, James T. Thackeray, Andreas Schäfer, Tobias L. Ross, Johann Bauersachs, Frank M. Bengel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Myocyte growth without physiological impairment in gradually induced rat cardiac hypertrophy.
Authors: F JJulian, D LMorgan, R LMoss, MGonzalez, PDwivedi
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

A surgical technique was developed to place sutures around the pulmonary arteries of young rats (about 1 month old and 100 g body weight). As the operated rats grew, the pulmonary arteries were gradually constricted, leading after 4-6 weeks to the development of severe right ventricular hypertrophy with free wall weights about twice those from control rats. There were no signs of heart failure or cardiac decompensation. Collagen concentrations were the same in operated and control rats. Myocytes were isolated from right ventricles by enzymatic digestion. Autoradiographic studies showed considerable uptake in non-myocyte nuclei. Myocyte sarcomere lengths were unchanged. However, myocyte lengths and areas increased sufficiently to account for the increase in free wall weights observed. Physiological studies were done on isolated papillary muscles and ventricular strands, which were subsequently fixed. The force-generating capability at optimum length, magnitude of active compliance, and maximum speed of sho...
Mapping of reset of anatomic and functional reentry in anisotropic rabbit ventricular myocardium.
Authors: LBoersma, JBrugada, CKirchhof, MAllessie
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDPremature stimulation is used to characterize the reentrant circuit during ventricular tachycardia (VT) in patients. The goal of this study was to compare the effects of premature stimulation on functional and anatomic reentrant VT.METHODS AND RESULTSIn 18 Langendorff-perfused rabbit hearts, thin layers of anisotropic left ventricular subepicardium were created by a cryoprocedure. In 8 hearts, rapid pacing induced reentry around a line of functional conduction block; in 10 hearts, reentry occurred around a fixed epicardial obstacle created by a cryoprobe. The cycle lengths (CL) of functional and anatomic VT were 110 +/- 10 and 167 +/- 17 milliseconds, respectively. During anatomic VT, the excitable gap measured 43% of the CL and premature stimuli could always reset VT (44 +/- 12 milliseconds). During early premature beats, conduction of the orthodromic wave was slightly depressed, but anatomic VT was never terminated. Reset curves at different sites in the ventricle revealed three different resp...
The Use of a Long-Acting Somatostatin Analogue (Octreotide) for Prophylaxis of Acute Pancreatitis after Endoscopic Sphincterotomy
Authors: R Arcidiacono, P Gambitta, A Rossi, C Grosso, M Bini, G Zanasi
Journal: Endoscopy (1994)

Acute pancreatitis is a serious complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST). In addition, serum pancreatic enzymes increase without clinical symptoms in about 40-50 % of patients undergoing these endoscopic procedures. We evaluated the potential of octreotide, a long-acting somatostatin analogue, to prevent these complications in patients who underwent EST for choledocholithiasis. 151 patients were randomly allocated to two groups (A and B). Group A was given 0.1 mg of octreotide subcutaneously 120 and 30 min before EST and four hours after; group B was given a placebo. Serum amylases (normal range 20-220 IU/1) were measured before premedication and 4, 24, and 48 hours after the end of endoscopy. After EST, the increase in the mean serum amylase was greater in the control group, but the difference was statistically significant only at the 48-hour measurement. There were five cases of acute pancreatitis in each group, with a trend (but not statistically significant) toward less severe pancreatitis in the treated group. In the control group, one patient with acute pancreatitis died. In conclusion, octreotide does not seem to prevent acute post-EST pancreatitis.
Changes in diastolic cardiac function in developing and stable perinephritic hypertension in conscious dogs.
Authors: R JGelpi, APasipoularides, A SLader, T APatrick, NChase, LHittinger, R PShannon, S PBishop, S FVatner
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

The effects of developing perinephritic hypertension (2-3 weeks) and a more stable period of perinephritic hypertension (approximately 14 weeks) were examined on indexes of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function in conscious, chronically instrumented dogs. The complete period of diastole was studied using indexes of isovolumic relaxation (tau), early filling (LV +dD/dt), and stiffness (myocardial stiffness and chamber stress/diameter ratio). During developing hypertension, increased LV end-diastolic pressure, LV end-diastolic stress, peak filling rate, myocardial stiffness, and the stress/diameter ratio increased (p less than 0.05); the time constant tau was not changed. These changes were associated with preserved baseline levels of coronary blood flow (radioactive microspheres) but an impaired coronary vasodilator response to adenosine. Acute administration of phenylephrine in the normotensive dogs caused increases in systolic and diastolic stress and resulted in increases in myocardial stiffness and ...
In vitro study on contribution of oxidative metabolism of isolated rabbit heart mitochondria to myocardial reperfusion injury.
Authors: HOtani, HTanaka, TInoue, MUmemoto, KOmoto, KTanaka, TSato, TOsako, AMasuda, ANonoyama
Journal: Circulation Research (1984)

The present study was performed to clarify oxygen-induced damage following myocardial reperfusion, using three mitochondrial preparations from isolated rabbit hearts (nonischemic hearts and those subjected to 40 and 90 minutes of normothermic global ischemia). The viability of mitochondria was evaluated by adenosine triphosphate generation. The extent of mitochondrial injury produced by reactive oxygen metabolism was assessed by the intensity of hydroxyl radical signal detected with electron spin resonance spectroscopy and the reduction of coenzyme Q10 level. The greatest oxygen-induced injury was observed in 40-minute ischemic mitochondria exposed to pure oxygen. The use of superoxide dismutase and catalase satisfactorily prevented the oxygen-induced injury. Moreover, the net adenosine triphosphate generation of the 40-minute ischemic mitochondria was comparable to that of the nonischemic mitochondria without the enzymes. These results suggest that reperfusion of the ischemic myocardium with viable mitoc...
Echocardiographic appearance of the Chiari network: differentiation from right-heart pathology.
Authors: J AWerner, M DCheitlin, B WGross, S MSpeck, T DIvey
Journal: Circulation (1981)

As echocardiography is being used more often, its value and accuracy are becoming more fully appreciated. Coincident with wider application of this imaging technique is the potential for identifying normal anatomic variants and their possible erroneous interpretation as pathologic states. In this report we describe the M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiographic features of a congenital remnant known as the Chiari network. This structure can present as a highly mobile, highly reflectant echo target that can be seen in several locations in the right atrium. We report here an index case that could be well examined echocardiographically and that was a cause of considerable concern due to the presence of congestive heart failure and a history of staphylococcal endocarditis. The presence of the Chiari network was confirmed pathologically. Subsequently, we found similar echocardiographic findings in 19 of 1248 patients (1.5%) studied in our laboratory. This congenital remnant, which is found pathologically in ...
Predicting Outcomes in Men With Metastatic Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumors (NSGCT): Results From the IGCCCG Update Consortium
Authors: Silke Gillessen, Nicolas Sauvé, Laurence Collette, Gedske Daugaard, Ronald de Wit, Costantine Albany, Alexey Tryakin, Karim Fizazi, Olof Stahl, Jourik A. Gietema, Ugo De Giorgi, Fay H. Cafferty, Aaron R. Hansen, Torgrim Tandstad, Robert A. Huddart, Andrea Necchi, Christopher J. Sweeney, Xavier Garcia-Del-Muro, Daniel Y. C. Heng, Anja Lorch, Michal Chovanec, Eric Winquist, Peter Grimison, Darren R. Feldman, Angelika Terbuch, Marcus Hentrich, Carsten Bokemeyer, Helene Negaard, Christian Fankhauser, Jonathan Shamash, David J. Vaughn, Cora N. Sternberg, Axel Heidenreich, Jörg Beyer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

The classification of the International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group (IGCCCG) plays a pivotal role in the management of metastatic germ cell tumors but relies on data of patients treated between 1975 and 1990.Data on 9,728 men with metastatic nonseminomatous germ cell tumors treated with cisplatin- and etoposide-based first-line chemotherapy between 1990 and 2013 were collected from 30 institutions or collaborative groups in Europe, North America, and Australia. Clinical trial and registry data were included. Primary end points were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The survival estimates were updated for the current era. Additionally, a novel prognostic model for PFS was developed in 3,543 patients with complete information on potentially relevant variables. The results were validated in an independent data set.Compared with the original IGCCCG publication, 5-year PFS remained similar in patients with good prognosis with 89% (87%-91%) versus 90% (95% CI, 89 to 91), but the 5-year OS increased from 92% (90%-94%) to 96% (95%-96%). In patients with intermediate prognosis, PFS remained similar with 75% (71%-79%) versus 78% (76%-80%) and the OS increased from 80% (76%-84%) to 89% (88%-91%). In patients with poor prognosis, the PFS increased from 41% (95% CI, 35 to 47) to 54% (95% CI, 52 to 56) and the OS from 48% (95% CI, 42 to 54) to 67% (95% CI, 65 to 69). A more granular prognostic model was developed and independently validated. This model identified a new cutoff of lactate dehydrogenase at a 2.5 upper limit of normal and increasing age and presence of lung metastases as additional adverse prognostic factors. An online calculator is provided (https://www.eortc.org/IGCCCG-Update).The IGCCCG Update model improves individual prognostication in metastatic nonseminomatous germ cell tumors. Increasing age and lung metastases add granularity to the original IGCCCG classification as adverse prognostic factors.
The effect of stenosis of bypass grafts on coronary blood flow. A mechanical model study.
Authors: P RCipriano, A HSacks, B AReitz
Journal: Circulation (1980)

A mechanical model of a branched coronary artery with a graft bypassing an 80% stenosis of one branch was used to study the reduction in coronary flow due to stenosis of the bypass graft. Flow Reynolds number and ratio of aortic pressure to dynamic pressure were matched to the living system. Changes in coronary flow were measured for a range of stenoses (0-100%) of bypass grafts with graft-to-coronary-diameter ratios of 4:1, 3:1, 2:1 and 1:1 for conditions that simulated rest and exercise. The results of these studies indicate that: 1) marked stenosis of bypass grafts is needed to decrease coronary flow in the resting state, and even moderate stenosis will decrease flow during exercise when the diameter of the bypass is large relative to the coronary artery; 2) coronary flow is decreased with mild stenosis for bypass grafts of the same diameter as the coronary artery; and 3) a marked decrease in flow due to stenosis of a bypass graft occurs only when the diameter of a stenosis in a graft is less than the ...
Early Cholangioscopy for the Evaluation of Indeterminate Biliary Stricture
Authors: B Agudo, M González-Haba, F Pons, B Tormo, MdP Reyero, JL Calleja
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

A 45-year-old man with cystic fibrosis and lung transplantation, underwent cholecystectomy 4 months ago. He was now admitted with obstructive jaundice. MRCP and abdominal CT showed a stricture of the common bile duct with proximal ductal dilatation, no etiology could be ascertained. EUS-FNA from a hiliar lymph node and ERCP-cytology from the stricture were negative for malignancy. Peroral cholangioscopy revealed a diffuse smooth narrowing of the distal bile duct resulting in a focal stricture. Visual impression suggested ischemic injury and guided biopsy was consistent with the diagnosis.