tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SAT0144 The 24-hr urinary excretion of 6-sulphatoxymelatonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in women with primary fibromyalgia and chronic low back pain
Authors: P Hrycaj, J Kelemen, T Stratz, W Müller
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> Fibromyalgia syndrome (FS) is characterised by chronic "widespread" musculoskeletal pain, presence of multiple tender points, fatigue, depression/anxiety, and sleep disturbance. Recently, evidence has accumulated to link the FS pathogenesis to serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) deficiency. Since melatonin, a pineal hormone responsible for the regulation of sleep and circadian rhythms, is closely related to 5-HT, it seems interesting to study the role of melatonin in FS. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of the study was to examine the total 24-hr 5-HT and melatonin secretion in patients with FS and chronic low back pain (LBP) in relation to pain intensity, symptoms of anxiety/depression, and the severity of sleep disturbance. <h3>Methods</h3> The 24-hr urinary excretion of the 6-sulphatoxymelatonin (aMT6s, main catabolite of melatonin) and the 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA, main catabolite of 5-HT) were measured using ELISA in women with FS (n = 18) and women with LBP (n = 15). The groups were matched with regard to age, diet, and the intensity of pain. Clinical measures of pain intensity, no of tender points, pain threshold (dolorimetry), psychological profile (SCL-90-R), and the severity of sleep disturbance (Schlaffragebogen-A and -B, SF-A and SF-B) were evaluated. <h3>Results</h3> The excretion of aMT6s and 5-HIAA was lower in FS when compared to LBP (8.79 ± 1.90 micrograms/24 hrs vs 12.53 ± 3.01 micrograms/24 hrs and 4.72 ± 0.36 mg/24 hrs vs 8.79 ± 1.47 mg/24 hrs, respectively), but the difference was significant with regard to 5-HIAA only (p &lt; 0.03). No correlation was found between the aMT6s and 5-HIAA within the study grups. In both groups, there was no relationship between the clinical measures of pain and tenderness and the excretion of the two catabolites. In FS, aMT6s excretion correlated weakly with the sleep quality (SQ, SF-B) (r = 0.4966, p &lt; 0.05) and the symptom duration (r = -0.5101, p &lt; 0.05). When compared with the LBP group, the FS patients scored significantly higher on the G1 and G4 (somatization and depressivity) scales of SCL-90-R, (p &lt; 0.05 for both comparisons) and the FRS subscale (feeling of recovery after sleep) of SF-A and SF-B (p &lt; 0.05 and p &lt; 0.001, respectively). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Since the 24-hr urinary excretion of aMT6s closely follows the total 24-hr melatonin secretion, our results do not support the hypothesis of the disturbed metabolism of melatonin in FS. The small differences seen may result from the differences in the severity of mood and sleep disturbance. Further research is necessary to look at possible abnormalities in the circadian rhythm of melatonin secretion in FS.
Resurgence of COVID-19 in Manaus, Brazil, despite high seroprevalence
Authors: Ester C Sabino, Lewis F Buss, Maria P S Carvalho, Carlos A Prete, Myuki A E Crispim, Nelson A Fraiji, Rafael H M Pereira, Kris V Parag, Pedro da Silva Peixoto, Moritz U G Kraemer, Marcio K Oikawa, Tassila Salomon, Zulma M Cucunuba, Márcia C Castro, Andreza Aruska de Souza Santos, Vítor H Nascimento, Henrique S Pereira, Neil M Ferguson, Oliver G Pybus, Adam Kucharski, Michael P Busch, Christopher Dye, Nuno R Faria
Journal: The Lancet (2021)
FRI0082 Effect of hydroxychloroquine therapy on cartilage injury in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: HB Lindsley, D Eyre, L Atley, DD Smith
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> Better methods for assessing articular injury are needed to monitor efficacy of disease-modifying therapy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). <h3>Objectives</h3> The purpose of this study was to measure serum levels of cross-linked peptides from the C-telopeptide of type II collagen (col<sup>2</sup>CTx) during treatment of patients with RA. <h3>Methods</h3> Serial serum samples were taken from a previous clinical trial<sup>1</sup> in which 213 subjects with active RA received a loading dose of hydroxychloroquine 400, 800 or 1200 mg/d for six weeks, then 400 mg/d for up to Week 24. They also received naproxen 1000 mg/d. From 213 subjects in the original trial, 152 paired sera were available for study; col<sup>2</sup>CTx levels were measured at Weeks 0 and 24, using an ELISA that measures a breakdown product of human cartilage. These levels were compared with tender (TJC) and swollen (SJC) joint counts, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). <h3>Results</h3> Median (± SEM) col<sup>2</sup>CTx levels decreased by 10% (p = 0.006, Wilcoxon signed ranks) by 24 weeks. Clinical variables decreased much more dramatically by 24 weeks; the TJC declined by 67% (p = 0.000), and the SJC, by 56% (p = 0.000). The ESR declined by 33% (p = 0.000) during this same period. Thus, the magnitude in reduction of circulating col<sup>2</sup>CTx was less than TJC, SJC and ESR but did show significant improvement. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This limited improvement in col<sup>2</sup>CTX may be due to a lag in suppression of structural damage to cartilage. Since joint radiographs typically require a year or more to show a reduction in joint destruction, the measurement of col<sup>2</sup>CTx may give an earlier indication of reduction in injury to cartilage. Further clinical studies need to be done in patients treated with more intensive antirheumatic therapy and over longer time periods. <h3>Reference</h3> Furst DE, <i>et al</i>. Arthritis Rheum. 1999;42(2):357–65
Intraoperative maneuvers may affect the development of early postoperative small bowel obstruction after laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery: Multicenter prospective cohort study
Authors: Yuki Nakamura, Kenji Matsuda, Shozo Yokoyama, Tsukasa Hotta, Katsunari Takifuji, Motoki Yamamoto, Makoto Iwahashi, Toshiji Tominaga, Tetsuya Horiuchi, Hiroyuki Kinoshita, Hideaki Tsubakihara, Kohei Noguchi, Kazuya Yamaguchi, Kosuke Shimada, Yoshimasa Oku, Hiroki Yamaue
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2021)
De Novo Mutation and Rapid Protein (Co-)evolution during Meiotic Adaptation in <i>Arabidopsis arenosa</i>
Authors: Magdalena Bohutínská, Vinzenz Handrick, Levi Yant, Roswitha Schmickl, Filip Kolář, Kirsten Bomblies, Pirita Paajanen
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2021)

Abstract A sudden shift in environment or cellular context necessitates rapid adaptation. A dramatic example is genome duplication, which leads to polyploidy. In such situations, the waiting time for new mutations might be prohibitive; theoretical and empirical studies suggest that rapid adaptation will largely rely on standing variation already present in source populations. Here, we investigate the evolution of meiosis proteins in Arabidopsis arenosa, some of which were previously implicated in adaptation to polyploidy, and in a diploid, habitat. A striking and unexplained feature of prior results was the large number of amino acid changes in multiple interacting proteins, especially in the relatively young tetraploid. Here, we investigate whether selection on meiosis genes is found in other lineages, how the polyploid may have accumulated so many differences, and whether derived variants were selected from standing variation. We use a range-wide sample of 145 resequenced genomes of diploid and tetraploid A. arenosa, with new genome assemblies. We confirmed signals of positive selection in the polyploid and diploid lineages they were previously reported in and find additional meiosis genes with evidence of selection. We show that the polyploid lineage stands out both qualitatively and quantitatively. Compared with diploids, meiosis proteins in the polyploid have more amino acid changes and a higher proportion affecting more strongly conserved sites. We find evidence that in tetraploids, positive selection may have commonly acted on de novo mutations. Several tests provide hints that coevolution, and in some cases, multinucleotide mutations, might contribute to rapid accumulation of changes in meiotic proteins.
FRI0242 A large multicentre comparative efficacy, tolerability and quality of life trial between tts fentanyl and sustained release morphine, in strong-opioid naÏve patients with chronic low back pain
Authors: L Allan, L Tooke
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> Low back pain is a common condition affecting approximately 80% of the population during their lifetime.<sup>1</sup> It is not only a leading cause of disability in developed countries, but is also the most costly biopsychosocial chronic pain condition in the western world. Treatment of low back pain is unsatisfactory for many reasons, not least that an estimated 85% of patients presenting with back pain will not receive an adequate diagnosis. Optimum management relies upon a multimodal approach, where analgesia facilitates active rehabilitation. Recent primary care guidelines recommend that paracetamol should be used initially for treating joint pain, followed by the prescription of non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs).<sup>2</sup> However, the significant morbidity, mortality<sup>3</sup> and pharmacoeconomic implications<sup>4</sup> associated with long term NSAID prescription, makes this an appropriate time to consider other therapies. Strong opioids have been shown to offer efficacy, safety and tolerability to patients with chronic non-cancer pain.<sup>5</sup> Furthermore, strong opioids including TTS Fentanyl, have been shown to be effective and well tolerated specifically in patients with low back pain, although in small numbers.<sup>6,7</sup> <h3>Objectives</h3> In a pragmatic, clinical based trial, approximately 600 strong-opioid naïve patients were enrolled in an international (16 European countries), randomised, open-label, parallel, multicentre (110 investigational centres), 13-month study. The objective of the study was to compare pain relief and the adverse event profile, achieved by TTS Fentanyl and sustained release morphine for chronic low back pain in strong opioid naïve patients. Outcome measures from the study included safety, QOL and outcome (the number of working days lost to chronic back pain) on TTS Fentanyl or sustained release morphine therapy. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients were prescribed the lowest dose TTS Fentanyl patch (25 μg/h) every 72 h, with incremental titration of 25 μg/h to achieve adequate pain control. Patients randomised to sustained release morphine started on 30 mg sustained release morphine 12-hourly, titrated up in 30–50% increments after a minimum of 12 h to achieve adequate pain control. Safety assessments were conducted throughout the study. <h3>Results</h3> The results of the interim analysis detailing patient demographics, disposition, and characteristics of the chronic pain, will be presented in the poster. <h3>Conclusion</h3> <h3>References</h3> Biering-Sorensen F, Bendix AF. Lancet 2000;355:1929–30 Eccles M, <i>et al</i>. BMJ 1998;317: 526–30 Tramer MR, <i>et al</i>. Pain 2000;85:169–82 Moore RA, <i>et al</i>. J Med Econ. 1999;2:45–55 Allan L, <i>et al</i>. BMJ 2001, accepted Simpson RK, <i>et al</i>. J Pain Symptom Manage 1997;14:218–24 Jamison RN, <i>et al</i>. Spine 1998;23:2591–600
SAT0138 Self-reported pain and sleep quality in patients with fibromyalgia
Authors: AE Corbin, M Jaffe, J Moore, JP Young, LK LaMoreaux, DC Turk, U Sharma, M Versavel
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> Chronic widespread pain and sleep disturbance are among the most common symptoms reported by patients with fibromyalgia (FM). <h3>Objectives</h3> This study assessed the level of pain and sleep disturbance in FM patients using a daily pain and sleep quality diary, the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ), and the Manual Tender Point Survey (MTPS). <h3>Methods</h3> Patients recorded their levels of pain severity and sleep quality for approximately 7 days using an 11-point numerical rating scale (ranging from 0 = no pain/best possible sleep to 10 = worst possible pain/sleep, respectively). The SF-MPQ measured pain quality and severity (range 0–3) with 11 sensory and 4 affective descriptors, and pain severity using a 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS). The MTPS assessed the presence of pain at each of 18 tender points corresponding to those specified by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 1990, and 3 control points. Patients rated the severity of pain upon palpation of each of the tender and control points on a 0–10 point scale (Tender Point Pain Intensity Score). These measures were administered to 529 patients diagnosed with FM using the ACR criteria during the baseline period of a clinical drug trial. The mean age was 48.6 years, 91.5% were female, and the mean duration of FM was 107.7 months. <h3>Results</h3> Patients with FM reported a mean pain score of 7.0(+1.3) and mean sleep quality score of 6.5(+1.7) on the 0–10 point scale. Over 95% of patients selected the descriptors aching, tender and tiring-exhausting. The mean pain score as measured by the VAS of the SF-MPQ was 74.8(+14.2) on the 0–100 point scale. The mean number of tender points was 17.1(+1.5) of 18 possible; the mean Tender Point Pain Intensity Score (0–10 point scale) was 6.1(+1.8), while control point mean pain severity was 2.0(+1.9). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Patients with FM reported a moderate to severe level of pain and sleep disturbance. Pain severity was consistently reported across the three measures of pain, the daily pain diary, the VAS, and the Tender Point Pain Intensity Score. Nearly all patients consistently described their pain as tender, aching and tiring-exhausting. Additional studies need to be completed to characterise further the pain and sleep disturbance prevalent in patients with FM, and to assess and define other symptoms involved in the FM syndrome (see companion abstract by Sesti, <i>et al</i>.).
Abstract 19954: Differentially Methylated CpGs Identify Patients at Risk of Post-Operative Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: Todd H Kimball, Emma Monte, Matthew Fischer, Aman Mahajan, Thomas M Vondriska
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Despite advances in anesthesia and surgical techniques, post-operative atrial fibrillation (AF) remains a major risk for patients undergoing cardiac surgery, with an incidence of 27-40% and an asso...
Male Circumcision as an HIV Prevention Strategy in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Lawrence O. Gostin, Catherine A. Hankins
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Assessing the burden of congenital rubella syndrome in China and evaluating mitigation strategies: a metapopulation modelling study
Authors: Qiru Su, Zhilan Feng, Lixin Hao, Chao Ma, José E Hagan, Gavin B Grant, Ning Wen, Chunxiang Fan, Hong Yang, Lance E Rodewald, Huaqing Wang, John W Glasser
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2021)
NACRE: A randomized study comparing short course radiotherapy with radiochemotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancers in the elderly—Preliminary results.
Authors: Eric FRANCOIS, Mandy Pernot, Philippe Ronchin, Elodie Nouhaud, Isabelle Martel Lafay, Artru Pascal, Pierre Clavere, Veronique Vendrely, Valerie Boige, Brice Thamphya, Soazig Nénan-Le Ficher, Nicolas Magné
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

4 Background: Neoadjuvant therapy followed by total mesorectal surgery is the standard of care for locally advanced rectal carcinoma (RC). In the elderly, often underrepresented in clinical trials, but who represent a very large number of patients, therapeutic proposals are not based on high levels of evidence. The NACRE study investigated the role of short course radiotherapy with delayed surgery in this population. Methods: The PRODIGE 42-GERICO 12 NACRE is a multicenter randomized clinical trial aimed at comparing Arm A preop radiochemotherapy (RCT) (50 Gy, 2Gy/fraction [fr]; 25 fr + capecitabine) and delayed surgery and Arm B short course radiotherapy (25 gy, 5Gy/fr, 5fr) and delayed surgery. Eligible patients (pts) had cT3 or cT4 (or cT2 of the very low rectum), M0 rectal adenocarcinomas &lt;12 cm from the anal verge, age ≥75years, and WHO PS ≤2. Randomization was stratified by center, T (T2/T3-T4) stage and Age (≤80 or &gt;80 years). Two primary end-points will be analyzed according to the hierarchical sequential procedure: firstly R0 resection rate (non-inferiority test with a 8% non-inferiority margin), secondly preservation of autonomy using IADL score (superiority test with 15% absolute difference margin); secondary end-point will be survival and toxicity. We present here the results for R0 resection, survival and toxicities. Results: 29 sites randomized 101 patients from 01/2016 to 08/2019, 59 were males (58.4%), median age was 80 years (range 75-91). Pts characteristics were well balanced. 14% of pts in arm A did not receive all of the planned neoadjuvant treatment compared to 0% in arm B. The R0 resection rate in arm B (86.0% [IC95% 73-94%]) was not-inferior to the R0 resection rate in arm A (89.8% [ic95% 77-97%]), p=0.04 (non inferiority test). With a median follow-up of 15.8 months (CI95%: 14.8-26.0), the 6 months death rate was 10.0% (CI95%: 3.0-22.0) in arm A and 3.92% (CI95%: 0 -13.0) in arm B. There is a significant difference in overall survival between the two arm in favor of arm B (p=0.04, LogRank test), and there is a trend in favor of arm B for specific survival (p=0.06 LogRank test). Disease free survival is not statistically different (p=0.9). 13 serious adverse events were observed in arm A during preoperative phase, 7 in arm B, 16 and 10 respectively during the post-operative phase. Conclusions: These preliminary results show that short course radiotherapy with delayed surgery is associated with better compliance than radiochemotherapy in elderly patients and could give an advantage in overall survival. This regimen may be preferred in elderly patients. Clinical trial information: NCT02551237.
Computed Tomography Imaging in the Context of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI)/Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR)
Authors: Philipp Blanke, Jonathan R. Weir-McCall, Stephan Achenbach, Victoria Delgado, Jörg Hausleiter, Hasan Jilaihawi, Mohamed Marwan, Bjarne L. Nørgaard, Niccolo Piazza, Paul Schoenhagen, Jonathon A. Leipsic
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2019)
The severe combined immunodeficient-human peripheral blood stem cell (SCID-huPBSC) mouse: a xenotransplant model for huPBSC-initiated hematopoiesis
Authors: SR Goan, I Fichtner, U Just, L Karawajew, W Schultze, KP Krause, S von Harsdorf, C von Schilling, F Herrmann
Journal: Blood (1995)
AB0236 People with arthritis/rheumatism in europe – manifesto for the third millenium: empowering social leagues since launch in june 2000 in nice
Authors: S Wollersheim
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> There are organisations of people with Arthritis/Rheumatism in many of the European countries. They are part of EULAR. Nevertheless their voice is hardly heard, neither on a national level, nor on the European level. Therefore in March 2000 the EULAR Social League's Standing Committee, Arthritis and Rheumatism International (ARI) and the International Organisation of Youth with Rheumatism (IOYR) agreed on a Manifesto of People with Arthritis/Rheumatism. It's core is a catalogue of 10 Commandments, concerning Health care, Education and Awarness for rheumatic diseases. This Manifesto has been launched at the EULAR congress in Nice, France, in June 2000. <h3>Objectives</h3> The Manifesto is a plattform for people with arthritis: People gather to discuss ways to translate the Manifesto into action. They feel strenthened knowing, that they are part of a European network that also allows them to exchange experiences. Projects are kicked off by one or another Commandment. <h3>Methods</h3> A secretariat has been established in Bonn in the office of Deutsche Rheuma-Liga to support the Chair Michael Bernady and to endorse all activities on a national level and bring forwards European activities. <h3>Results</h3> The Manifesto helps people with Arthritis/Rheumatism all over Europe to make understand what their disease means for them and what are their needs. It gets high approval from everybody who is concerned with health care and enables us to have rheumatic diseases on the agenda. <h3>Conclusion</h3>
High rates of long-term renal recovery in survivors of coronavirus disease 2019–associated acute kidney injury requiring kidney replacement therapy
Authors: Helena Stockmann, Jan-Hendrik Bernhard Hardenberg, Annette Aigner, Christian Hinze, Inka Gotthardt, Britta Stier, Kai-Uwe Eckardt, Kai Martin Schmidt-Ott, Philipp Enghard
Journal: Kidney International (2021)
The Accidental Pathologist: A Curiosity-Driven Journey from Plant Evolution to Innate Immunity
Authors: Vinay Kumar
Journal: Annual Review of Pathology Mechanisms of Disease (2021)

I have had the singular opportunity to perform research and to participate in medical education. Not unexpectedly, people have asked me which of the two was more important to me. My answer has always been and remains that I am equally passionate about research and teaching. My research has been curiosity driven and not purposeful; hence, I was willing to take risks. That my research led to the discovery of natural killer cells and the unraveling of the molecular basis of a human disease was an unexpected reward. By contrast, my interest in medical education was purposeful, with the goal of improving healthcare by teaching pathology as the scientific foundation of medicine. It started with participation in Robbins pathology texts but progressed toward development of technology-based tools for medical education. This was driven by the belief that technology, by providing equal access to knowledge across the world, can be a powerful democratizing force.