tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Review of Chronic Pelvic Pain in Women
Authors: Peter Petros, Michael Swash, Jacob Bornstein
Journal: JAMA (2021)

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Wirsungectomy for pancreatic hypertension in chronic pancreatitis
Authors: V.G. Yareshko, I.O. Mikheiev, O.M. Babii, I.V. Filimonova
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2021)

Background. Pain in chronic pancreatitis (CP) can occur as a consequence of mechanical factors— pancreatic ductal hypertension, interstitial pressure, inflammatory and neuropathic pathological changes in the pancreas. The purpose was to evaluate a novel modification of the classic Partington-Rochelle procedure via comparing functional results of conventional surgery group and wirsungectomy group. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the case histories of patients with CP and an enlarged (≥4mm) main pancreatic duct was carried out for the period from 2003 to 2009, which underwent surgical treatment of CP. The SF-36 and EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaires, and visual analogue scale of pain were used for the assessment. The first group included five patients with wirsungectomy with lateral pancreaticojejunostomy (PEA + WE); the second group consisted of 20 patients after the lateral pancreaticojejunostomy (PEA) only. Cross-tabulation analyses were performed to compare PEA and PEA + WE groups as well as those groups in different time points using a two-sided Student’s t-test. The significance level was set to p&lt;0.05. Results. The groups were compared in terms of VAS and the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire before and 2 years after surgery using Student’s t-test for unrelated values: statistically significant differences between the groups according to VAS as before (p=0.757) and after surgery (p=0.696) were not obtained. There were no significant differences (p &gt; 0.05) between the PEA and PEA + WE groups before and after surgery according to the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaires, except for some items (p&lt;0.05) Within the groups according to VAS and EORTC QLQ-C30 (pain severity), in the PEA group (p=0.000001, p=0.000109) and the PEA + WE group (p=0.018, p=0.017) after surgery, there was a statistically significant decrease in pain. Conclusions. Longitudinal pancreaticojejunostomy with wirsungectomy is justified in patients with long-term CP, severe fibrosis of the pancreas with multiple calcifications of the periphery pancreatic ducts to decompress pancreatic ducts, and parenchyma. In the long-term period after 2 years, the proposed method of longitudinal pancreaticojejunostomy with wirsungectomy in patients with CP with dilation of main pancreatic duct according to the VAS scale and EORTC QLQ questionnaires C30 and SF-36 is accompanied by a significant reduction in pain.
Error in Byline
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

Aleya A. Marzuki, PhD; Ivan Tomić, PhD; Samantha Hiu Yan Ip, PhD; Julia Gottwald, PhD; Jonathan W. Kanen, PhD; Muzaffer Kaser, MD, PhD; Akeem Sule, MD; Anna Conway-Morris, MD; Barbara J. Sahakian, DSc; Trevor W. Robbins, PhD
Why iBlastoids (Embryo-like Structures) Do Not Rise Significant Ethical Issues
Authors: Aníbal Monasterio Astobiza, Alberto Molina Pérez
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2021)

This article is referred to by:Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “Developing a Reflexive, Anticipatory, and Deliberative Approach to Unanticipated Discoveries: Ethical Lessons from iBlastoids”
The “pulling back method” for emergent transpapillary biliary drainage in a patient with a severe malignant duodenal stricture
Authors: Sho Kitagawa, Keiya Okamura, Hiroyuki Miyakawa
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

A severe duodenal stricture may render transpapillary biliary drainage challenging. To overcome the inaccessible papilla, the use of a large balloon has been previously described as the “pushing method” and “hooking method” [1]. After large-balloon dilation of a duodenal stricture, an endoscope is pushed with a slightly deflated balloon in the “pushing method,” whereas a re-inflated balloon in the third portion of the duodenum is forcefully retracted into the working channel to allow the endoscope to advance in the “hooking method.” Here we report another large-balloon method to accomplish transpapillary biliary drainage through a severe duodenal stricture.
The Lancet Commission on the future of care and clinical research in autism
Authors: Catherine Lord, Tony Charman, Alexandra Havdahl, Paul Carbone, Evdokia Anagnostou, Brian Boyd, Themba Carr, Petrus J de Vries, Cheryl Dissanayake, Gauri Divan, Christine M Freitag, Marina M Gotelli, Connie Kasari, Martin Knapp, Peter Mundy, Alex Plank, Lawrence Scahill, Chiara Servili, Paul Shattuck, Emily Simonoff, Alison Tepper Singer, Vicky Slonims, Paul P Wang, Maria Celica Ysrraelit, Rachel Jellett, Andrew Pickles, James Cusack, Patricia Howlin, Peter Szatmari, Alison Holbrook, Christina Toolan, James B McCauley
Journal: The Lancet (2021)
Coenzyme A fuels T cell anti-tumor immunity
Authors: Michael St Paul, Samuel D Saibil, SeongJun Han, Kavita Israni-Winger, Scott C Lien, Rob C Laister, Azin Sayad, Susanne Penny, Rodabe N Amaria, Lauren E Haydu, Carlos R Garcia-Batres, Meghan Kates, David T Mulder, Céline Robert-Tissot, Matthew J Gold, Charles W Tran, Alisha R Elford, Linh T Nguyen, Trevor J Pugh, Devanand M Pinto, Jennifer A Wargo, Pamela S Ohashi
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2021)
Quantitative-enhancer-FACS-seq (QeFS) reveals epistatic interactions among motifs within transcriptional enhancers in developing Drosophila tissue
Authors: Colin T. Waters, Stephen S. Gisselbrecht, Yuliya A. Sytnikova, Tiziana M. Cafarelli, David E. Hill, Martha L. Bulyk
Journal: Genome biology (2021)

Abstract Understanding the contributions of transcription factor DNA binding sites to transcriptional enhancers is a significant challenge. We developed Quantitative enhancer-FACS-Seq for highly parallel quantification of enhancer activities from a genomically integrated reporter in Drosophila melanogaster embryos. We investigate the contributions of the DNA binding motifs of four poorly characterized TFs to the activities of twelve embryonic mesodermal enhancers. We measure quantitative changes in enhancer activity and discover a range of epistatic interactions among the motifs, both synergistic and alleviating. We find that understanding the regulatory consequences of TF binding motifs requires that they be investigated in combination across enhancer contexts.
Professor Leon Padlewski — director of the bacteriological institute
Authors: M.P. Chaban, Z.I. Shevtsova, V.V. Gaponov
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2021)

The article presents the life path of an epidemiologist, professor Leon Padlewski, a native of Poland. He became the first director of the bacteriological institute in Yekaterinoslav. Information about his wife Nadieżda (nee Berestnieva), a well-known pianist, the founder of the Belarusian piano school, was provided. Atragic fate befell Padlewski sons, who died in the fight against the Nazis. The elder son Jerzy was an architect, and the younger son Roman was a composer.
Donor memory-like NK cells persist and induce remissions in pediatric patients with relapsed AML after transplant
Authors: Jeffrey J. Bednarski, Clare Zimmerman, Melissa M. Berrien-Elliott, Jennifer A. Foltz, Michelle Becker-Hapak, Carly C. Neal, Mark Foster, Timothy Schappe, Ethan McClain, Patrick P. Pence, Sweta Desai, Samantha Kersting-Schadek, Pamela Wong, David A. Russler-Germain, Bryan Fisk, Wen-Rong Lie, Jeremy Eisele, Stephanie Hyde, Sima T. Bhatt, Obi L. Griffith, Malachi Griffith, Allegra A. Petti, Amanda F. Cashen, Todd A. Fehniger
Journal: Blood (2021)
REL-1017 (Esmethadone) as Adjunctive Treatment in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder: A Phase 2a Randomized Double-Blind Trial
Authors: Maurizio Fava, Stephen Stahl, Luca Pani, Sara De Martin, Marco Pappagallo, Clotilde Guidetti, Andrea Alimonti, Ezio Bettini, Richard M. Mangano, Thomas Wessel, Marc de Somer, Judy Caron, Ottavio V. Vitolo, Gina R. DiGuglielmo, Adam Gilbert, Hiren Mehta, Morgan Kearney, Andrea Mattarei, Marco Gentilucci, Franco Folli, Sergio Traversa, Charles E. Inturrisi, Paolo L. Manfredi
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2021)

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of REL-1017 (esmethadone), a novel N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) channel blocker, in patients with major depressive disorder who failed to benefit from one to three standard antidepressant treatments in their current major depressive episode. Methods: A 7-day phase 2 multicenter randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial, comprising three arms, was conducted to assess the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of two dosages of REL-1017 (25 mg or 50 mg orally once a day). Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to placebo (N=22), REL-1017 25 mg/day (N=19), or REL-1017 50 mg/day (N=21). Safety scales included the 4-item Positive Symptom Rating Scale for psychotomimetic symptoms, the Clinician-Administered Dissociative States Scale for dissociative symptoms, the Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale for withdrawal signs and symptoms, and the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale for suicidality. The primary efficacy endpoint was the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Scale (MADRS) score. All 62 randomly assigned patients were included in the full analysis set population analysis. Results: Patients experienced mild or moderate transient adverse events and no evidence of dissociative or psychotomimetic effects, opioid effects, or withdrawal signs and symptoms. The improvement in MADRS score shown on day 4 in both of the REL-1017 dosage groups was sustained through day 7 (last dose) and day 14 (7 days after the last dose), with effect sizes from 0.7 to 1.0. Conclusions: This trial showed favorable safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic profiles and suggests that REL-1017 may have rapid and sustained antidepressant effects compared with placebo in patients with inadequate responses to antidepressant treatments. These results will need confirmation in larger and longer trials.
Safety and Efficacy of CPX-351 in Younger Patients &amp;lt; 60 Years Old with Secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia: An Updated Analysis
Authors: Amanda Przespolewski, Aaron D Goldberg, Chetasi Talati, Salman Fazal, Pankit Vachhani, Srinivasa Reddy R. Sanikommu, Swapna Thota, Julian Waksal, Brian Ball, Christopher Famulare, Maximilian Stahl, Zoe Mckinnell, Jeffrey Baron, Elizabeth A. Griffiths, James E. Thompson, Kendra Sweet, Eunice S. Wang
Journal: Blood (2021)
Embryonic osteocalcin signaling determines lifelong adrenal steroidogenesis and homeostasis in the mouse
Authors: Vijay K. Yadav, Julian M. Berger, Parminder Singh, Perumal Nagarajan, Gerard Karsenty
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2021)

Through their ability to regulate gene expression in most organs, glucocorticoid (GC) hormones influence numerous physiological processes and are therefore key regulators of organismal homeostasis. In bone, GC hormones inhibit expression of the hormone Osteocalcin for poorly understood reasons. Here, we show that in a classical endocrine feedback loop, osteocalcin in return enhanced the biosynthesis of GC as well as mineralocorticoid hormones (adrenal steroidogenesis) in rodents and primates. Conversely, inactivation of osteocalcin signaling in adrenal glands significantly impaired adrenal growth and steroidogenesis in mice. Embryo-made osteocalcin was necessary for normal Sf1 expression in fetal adrenal cells and adrenal cell steroidogenic differentiation and therefore determined the number of steroidogenic cells present in the adrenal glands of adult animals. Embryonic, not postnatal, osteocalcin also governed adrenal growth, adrenal steroidogenesis, blood pressure, electrolyte equilibrium, and the rise in circulating corticosterone levels during the acute stress response in adult offspring. This osteocalcin-dependent regulation of adrenal development and steroidogenesis occurred even in the absence of a functional hypothalamus/pituitary/adrenal axis and explains why osteocalcin administration during pregnancy promoted adrenal growth and steroidogenesis and improved the survival of adrenocorticotropic hormone signaling-deficient animals. This study reveals that a bone-derived embryonic hormone influences lifelong adrenal functions and organismal homeostasis in the mouse.
Cardiac Arrhythmias and Mortality after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Saad Ullah Malik, Zachary Braunstein, Sumithira Vasu, Sam Penza, Ayman Saad, Nathan Denlinger, Marcos J.G. de Lima, Ajay Vallakati, Ragavendra Baliga, Samantha Jaglowski, Jonathan E. Brammer, Daniel Addison
Journal: Blood (2021)
Multicenter randomized phase II trial of atezolizumab with or without cobimetinib in biliary tract cancers
Authors: Mark Yarchoan, Leslie Cope, Amanda N. Ruggieri, Robert A. Anders, Anne M. Noonan, Laura W. Goff, Lipika Goyal, Jill Lacy, Daneng Li, Anuj K. Patel, Aiwu R. He, Ghassan K. Abou-Alfa, Kristen Spencer, Edward J. Kim, S. Lindsey Davis, Autumn J. McRee, Paul R. Kunk, Subir Goyal, Yuan Liu, Lauren Dennison, Stephanie Xavier, Aditya A. Mohan, Qingfeng Zhu, Andrea Wang-Gillam, Andrew Poklepovic, Helen X. Chen, Elad Sharon, Gregory B. Lesinski, Nilofer S. Azad
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2021)

BACKGROUND. MEK inhibitors have limited activity in biliary tract cancers (BTCs) as monotherapy but are hypothesized to enhance responses to programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibition.
Jugular venous ultrasound predicts outcomes in pulmonary hypertension outpatients
Authors: Matthew R. Lammi, Sneha Samant, Hai V. Tran, Robert B. Uddo, Lesley Ann Saketkoo, Shigeki Saito, Fred R. Helmcke, Bennett P. deBoisblanc
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2021)

<b>Jugular venous pressure estimated using a handheld ultrasound device was able to predict clinical worsening in pulmonary hypertension outpatients, even after adjusting for REVEAL risk score</b>https://bit.ly/3nNnKZ8
SURG-13. THE TENTATIVE APPLICATION OF EN BLOC CONCEPT IN THE PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMOR: EXPERIENCE FROM A LARGE PEDIATRIC CENTER IN CHINA
Authors: Liangliang Cao, Jie Ma
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2021)

Abstract BACKGROUND The less allowable blood loss and tolerance of intraoperative blood loss of children lead to the high rate of massive blood transfusion. The surgical concepts of en bloc resection may contribute to the improvement of brain tumor resection. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of en bloc concept on short outcomes of pediatric brain tumors and factors associated with the application of en bloc concept. METHODS According to the surgical concept involved, the patients were divided into three subgroups-complete en bloc concept, partial en bloc concept and piecemeal concept. The matching-comparison(en bloc group consisting of the first two subgroups and piecemeal group) was conducted to investigate the effect of the en bloc concept on the short-term outcomes. Then the patient data after January 2018, when the en bloc concept was routinely integrated into brain tumor surgery in our medical center, were reviewed and analyzed to find out the predictors associated with the application of en bloc concept. RESULTS In the en bloc group, the perioperative outcomes, including hospital stay(p=0.001), PICU stay(p=0.003), total blood loss(p=0.015), transfusion rate(p=0.005) and complication rate(p=0.039), were all significantly improved. The multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that tumor volume, bottom vessel, and imaging features, like encasing nerve or pass-by vessel, finger-like attachment, ratio of “limited line” and ratio of “clear line” remained independent predictors for the application of en bloc concept in our medical center.
Lifestyle Changes and Long-term Weight Gain in Women With and Without a History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Study of 54,062 Women in the Nurses’ Health Study II
Authors: Jiaxi Yang, Cuilin Zhang, Jorge E. Chavarro, Janet W. Rich-Edwards, Molin Wang, Wafaie W. Fawzi, JoAnn E. Manson, I-Min Lee, Frank B. Hu, Deirdre K. Tobias
Journal: Diabetes Care (2021)

OBJECTIVE We examined lifestyle factors with midlife weight change according to history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in a large longitudinal female cohort. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In the Nurses’ Health Study II, we categorized changes in lifestyle within 4-year periods and estimated their associations with concurrent changes in body weight (kilograms) among parous women after age 40 years by GDM history status (N = 54,062; 5.3% with a history of GDM) for the following: diet quality (Alternate Healthy Eating Index [AHEI]), leisure-time physical activity (PA), alcohol consumption, and smoking status. RESULTS Over a median follow-up of 13 years, average 4-year weight gain was 1.10 and 1.33 kg for women with and without prior GDM, respectively. Women with improved diet quality had favorable 4-year weight change, particularly those with a history of GDM (AHEI change [95% CI] from low to high −2.97 kg [−4.34, −1.60] vs. −1.19 kg [−1.41, −0.96] for GDM vs. non-GDM, respectively; P heterogeneity = 0.04). Increasing PA was associated with weight maintenance for GDM women only (PA increase [95% CI] from low to high 0.26 kg [−0.25, 0.77] vs. 0.90 kg [0.80, 1.01] for GDM vs. non-GDM, respectively; P heterogeneity = 0.02). For both GDM and non-GDM women, weight change did not differ significantly with change in alcohol consumption, while women who quit smoking had significant weight gain (4.38 kg for GDM and 3.85 kg for non-GDM). CONCLUSIONS Improvements in diet quality and PA were related to less weight gain in midlife among parous women, and the benefit of such improvements on weight management was particularly pronounced among women with a history of GDM.
Abstract 10911: Amplitude Spectral Area to Guide Shock and Epinephrine Delivery in a Swine Model of Ventricular Fibrillation and Closed-Chest Resuscitation
Authors: Salvatore Aiello, Jenna Mendelson, Alvin Baetiong, Jeejabai Radhakrishnan, Raul J Gazmuri
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: VF accounts for ~30% of all sudden cardiac arrest episodes. VF signal analysis in the frequency domain - calculating the amplitude spectral area (AMSA) - can inform on the probability that an electrical shock could terminate VF followed by return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). BLS guidelines require delivery of shocks every 2 min and epinephrine every 4 min. Yet, shocks often do not terminate VF and may injure the myocardium. We have previously reported that guiding the timing of shock delivery based on AMSA reduces myocardial injury and improves outcome. Epinephrine is given to increase the coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) and therefore myocardial blood flow but has detrimental effects on post-resuscitation myocardial function and possibly on neurological outcome. Hypothesis: Monitoring AMSA during CPR could be used not only to guide shock delivery but also to avoid administering epinephrine when AMSA predicts a high probability of shock success, reserving epinephrine when AMSA predicts a low probability of shock success and additional CPP increase might be helpful. Methods: In a swine model of electrically induced VF and mechanical chest compressions, two resuscitation protocols were compared in 8 pigs each: (1) A guidelines-driven (GD), delivering shocks and epinephrine guided by the current BLS protocol and (2) An AMSA-driven, delivering shocks and epinephrine guided by AMSA (ADSE). VF was untreated for 10 min and pigs that achieved ROSC were monitored for 240 min. Results: Compared to GD, ADSE was associated with a shorter time to ROSC (400±80 vs 569±16 sec, p=0.034) and higher survival rate at 240 minutes with borderline statistical significance (7/8 vs 3/8, p=0.059). ADSE required fewer shocks (3±2 vs 5±2, p=0.026) and received fewer doses of epinephrine (median [interquartile range], 1[1-1] vs 2[1.3-3], p=0.038). Conclusions: Resuscitation with the ADSE protocol was superior to the GD protocol resulting in a shorter time to ROSC with improved survival requiring fewer shocks and fewer epinephrine doses. The ADSE protocol represents a more tailored approach to resuscitation enabling delivery of resuscitation interventions with higher precision and consequently minimizing their associated adverse effects.
Abstract 9114: Impact of the Number of Prehospital Defibrillation Attempts on Neurologically Intact Survival in Patients With Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest and Shockable Rhythm
Authors: Kazuya Tateishi, Yuichi Saito, Hideki Kitahara, Yoshio Tahara, Naohiro Yonemoto, Takanori Ikeda, Hiroshi Nonogi, Ken Nagao, Yoshio Kobayashi
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Background: Early return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) leads to survival with a favorable neurologic outcome in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). For the early ROSC, defibrillation plays a crucial role for OHCA with shockable rhythm. However, little is known about the relation between the number of prehospital defibrillation attempts or etiology of OHCA and neurologically intact survival. Methods: Using a nationwide OHCA registry database from 2005 to 2017 in Japan, a cohort of 1,527,447 patients with OHCA were retrospectively analyzed. We included the patients of witnessed OHCAs with initial shockable rhythm. The relation between early ROSC, defined as prehospital ROSC achieved with defibrillation ≤3 times without adrenaline, and a neurologically intact survival rate (cerebral performance category score of 1 or 2 at 1 month) was evaluated. We also analyzed factors related to the successful early ROSC, including etiology of OHCA. Results: A total of 75,342 patients were included. Among patients with OHCA and prehospital ROSC, neurologically intact survival rates were better in patients who achieved early ROSC than their counterpart (62% vs. 36%, p&lt;0.001). Success in early ROSC was an independent predictor of neurologically intact survival after adjustment of multiple cofounders (Table). Multivariate analysis showed cerebral vascular disease as an etiology of OHCA was a predictor of early ROSC (odds ratio 1.15, 95% confidence interval 1.03-1.29, p=0.02), but was significantly associated with a poor neurologic outcome at 1 month (Table). Conclusions: Success in early ROSC was associated with neurologically intact survival in patients with OHCA and initial shockable rhythm. Patients with OHCA due to cerebral vascular disease were likely to be resuscitated from cardiac arrest by defibrillations but had a poor neurologic outcome.
Sequential Blinatumomab with Reduced Intensity Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Older Adults with Newly Diagnosed Ph Negative B-Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia - Interim Analysis of the Australasian Leukemia and Lymphoma Group ALL08 Study
Authors: Shaun Fleming, John Reynolds, Ashish Bajel, Nicola Venn, John Kwan, John Moore, David T Yeung, Nalini Pati, Michael F. Leahy, Joanna Nkyekyer, Emma Verner, Leanne Berkahn, Rosemary Sutton, Andrew H. Wei, Matthew Greenwood
Journal: Blood (2021)