tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SELF-RETAINING ANOSCOPE
Authors: J. Rawson Pennington
Journal: JAMA (1918)

If there is any one point in the region of the anus, rectum and sigmoid that is of more clinical importance than another, it is the anal canal. Yet, since the description of my inflatable rectal speculum (pneumatic proctoscope) was published,<sup>1</sup>in 1899, most of the inventive genius has been exerted toward improving that instrument rather than the anoscope. Of the diseases that occur in these organs, 75 per cent. or more involve this canal, and practically all of them are infective. Because of the functions of the muscles that encircle and close this canal, a satisfactory inspection of the field, and the administration of treatment thereto is very difficult with the ordinary anoscope, which is usually conical and not self-retaining. Numerous instruments have been designed to aid in inspecting this canal, but none are satisfactory. The anoscope illustrated herewith is self-retaining, and gives a more complete and satisfactory
Short sleep, sleep apnoea-associated hypoxaemic burden and kidney function: more questions than answers
Authors: Julie M Neborak, Babak Mokhlesi
Journal: Thorax (2021)

<h3>Background and importance</h3> Omalizumab is a monoclonal antibody directed against immunoglobulin-E and used in patients with antihistaminic refractory chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU). Real-life data on the long-term effectiveness of omalizumab could provide relevant information for healthcare professionals. <h3>Aim and objectives</h3> To evaluate the long-term effectiveness of omalizumab in CIU in clinical practice. <h3>Material and methods</h3> Descriptive retrospective study was developed. All patients on treatment with omalizumab between October 2020 and June 2021 were included. Digital clinical history and Farmatools application were used to collect the following variables: gender, age, previous therapy, duration of treatment, regimen with omalizumab and baseline Urticaria Activity Score during a 7-day period (UAS7). Effectiveness endpoint was measured using UAS7 at 6, 30 and 60 months. No response to treatment (NR) was defined by UAS7 &gt;15. Mild disease (MD) was defined as UAS7 = 7–15. Adequate disease control (DC) presented UAS7 ≤6. Total response (TR) was considered as UAS7 = 0. Patients with NR and omalizumab therapy suspension in a certain month were considered as NR in the following months. <h3>Results</h3> Forty-seven patients were included in the study: 23.4% of patients were male and 76.6% were female. Median age was 45 (11–76) years. All patients had previously received H1 antihistamines and 72.3% were treated with corticosteroids. Median duration of treatment with omalizumab was 18 (11–56) months. Omalizumab regimens were as follows: 19.1% of patients were treated with 150 mg/28 days, 78.7% received 300 mg/28 days and 2.2% were treated with 450 mg/28 days. All patients presented NR at baseline, with UAS7 &gt;15. Effectiveness data for UAS7 at 6 months were: 5.7% of patients presented NR, 14.3% MD, 5.7% DC and 74.3% TR. Effectiveness evaluations of UAS7 at 30 months: 6.7% of patients had NR, 6.7% MD, 40% DC and 46.6% TR. Effectiveness assessments of UAS7 at 60 months were: 28.6% of patients had NR, no patients presented MD, 28.6% DC and 42.8% TR. <h3>Conclusion and relevance</h3> Omalizumab showed long-term effectiveness in CIU patients, maintaining almost half of the patients with TR and almost one-third of patients with DC at 60 months. <h3>References and/or acknowledgements</h3> None <h3>Conflict of interest</h3> No conflict of interest
Therapy-linked Leukaemia
Authors: C. G. Geary, I. W. Delamore
Journal: BMJ (1971)

<h3>Background</h3> Chronic respiratory disease and inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) increase the risk of pneumonia. Few data are available on the association of these risk factors with non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) pulmonary disease. <h3>Methods</h3> This study examined chronic respiratory diseases and ICS use as risk factors in a population-based case-control study encompassing all adults in Denmark with microbiologically confirmed NTM pulmonary disease between 1997 and 2008. The study included 10 matched population controls per case. Conditional logistic regression was used to compute adjusted ORs for NTM pulmonary disease with regard to chronic respiratory disease history. <h3>Results</h3> Overall, chronic respiratory disease was associated with a 16.5-fold (95% CI 12.2 to 22.2) increased risk of NTM pulmonary disease. The adjusted OR for NTM disease was 15.7 (95% CI 11.4 to 21.5) for COPD, 7.8 (95% CI 5.2 to 11.6) for asthma, 9.8 (95% CI 2.03 to 52.8) for pneumoconiosis, 187.5 (95% CI 24.8 to 1417.4) for bronchiectasis, and 178.3 (95% CI 55.4 to 574.3) for tuberculosis history. ORs were 29.1 (95% CI 13.3 to 63.8) for patients with COPD on current ICS therapy and 7.6 (95% CI 3.4 to 16.8) for patients with COPD who had never received ICS therapy. Among patients with COPD, ORs increased according to ICS dose, from 28.1 for low-dose intake to 47.5 for high-dose intake (more than 800 μg/day). The OR was higher for fluticasone than for budesonide. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Chronic respiratory disease, particularly COPD treated with ICS therapy, is a strong risk factor for NTM pulmonary disease.
Preventing pressure sores
Authors: A. Hahn
Journal: BMJ (2000)

# Good nursing care should prevent pressure sores {#article-title-2} EDITOR—Bliss and Simini state that “postoperative epidural analgesia … has been associated with the development of severe sacral sores in elderly patients.”1 Pressure sores may develop as a result of decreased sensation and mobility, but awareness of this possibility and good nursing care should prevent this complication. Conversely, because epidurals can provide excellent analgesia, patients will require no systemic sedative analgesia, which is also identified in the editorial as a cause of immobility. Patients who have good analgesia are easier to nurse and faster to mobilise, especially in the high risk group.2 In this present climate of evidence based medicine we are surprised that an editorial in the BMJ is making such a sweeping statement based only on a personal communication. 1. 1.↵1. Bliss M, 2. Simini B . When are the seeds of postoperative pressure sores sown? BMJ 1999; 319: 863–864. (2 October.) [OpenUrl][1][FREE Full Text][2] 2. 2.↵1. Buggy DJ, 2. Smith G . Epidural anaesthesia and analgesia: better outcome after major surgery? BMJ 1999; 319: 530–531. [OpenUrl][3][FREE Full Text][4] # More research is needed into the origins of pressure sores {#article-title-5} EDITOR—The origin of postoperative pressure ulcers troubles many clinicians.1 It is traditional to quote Versluysen to support the assertion that pressure sores develop during surgery.2 She showed that 66 of 100 elderly patients with hip fractures developed some stage of pressure sore during their … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DBMJ%26rft.stitle%253DBMJ%26rft.issn%253D0007-1447%26rft.aulast%253DBliss%26rft.auinit1%253DM.%26rft.volume%253D319%26rft.issue%253D7214%26rft.spage%253D863%26rft.epage%253D864%26rft.atitle%253DWhen%2Bare%2Bthe%2Bseeds%2Bof%2Bpostoperative%2Bpressure%2Bsores%2Bsown%253F%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F10506020%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/ijlink?linkType=FULL&journalCode=bmj&resid=319/7214/863&atom=%2Fbmj%2F320%2F7237%2F801.atom [3]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DBMJ%26rft.stitle%253DBMJ%26rft.issn%253D0007-1447%26rft.aulast%253DBuggy%26rft.auinit1%253DD.%2BJ%26rft.volume%253D319%26rft.issue%253D7209%26rft.spage%253D530%26rft.epage%253D531%26rft.atitle%253DEpidural%2Banaesthesia%2Band%2Banalgesia%253A%2Bbetter%2Boutcome%2Bafter%2Bmajor%2Bsurgery%253F%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F10463878%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [4]: /lookup/ijlink?linkType=FULL&journalCode=bmj&resid=319/7209/530&atom=%2Fbmj%2F320%2F7237%2F801.atom
Enhancement of the antiaggregatory activity of prostacyclin by propranolol in human platelets.
Authors: K SCallahan, A RJohnson, W BCampbell
Journal: Circulation (1985)

The beta-adrenergic antagonist propranolol has been found to inhibit platelet aggregation. We investigated the possibility that propranolol exerts this action by stimulating the synthesis or enhancing the antiaggregatory activity of prostaglandin (PG) I2. The media from cultures of human endothelial cells inhibited thrombin-induced platelet aggregation, an effect attributed to PGI2 production by the cells. When endothelial cells were incubated with dl- or d-propranolol, the media had two to three times the inhibitory activity of control media. However, this increased activity was not due to increased synthesis of PGI2 because control and propranolol-treated cultures synthesized similar amounts of the PGI2 metabolite, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha. Instead, propranolol enhanced the antiaggregatory activity of PGI2. Propranolol (1 microM) and PGI2 (0.05 nM), when tested separately, inhibited aggregation by 19% and 13%, respectively, whereas the combination inhibited aggregation by 51%. PGI2 inhibited platelet aggregati...
Long-term benefit of 1-year amiodarone treatment for persistent complex ventricular arrhythmias after myocardial infarction.
Authors: M EPfisterer, WKiowski, HBrunner, DBurckhardt, FBurkart
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDIn the Basel Antiarrhythmic Study of Infarct Survival trial, low-dose amiodarone improved 1-year survival in patients with asymptomatic complex ventricular arrhythmias persisting 2 weeks after myocardial infarction. To assess whether this beneficial effect persisted despite discontinuation of amiodarone after 1 year, the long-term outcomes of all patients of the amiodarone-treated group (initially n = 98) and those of the control group (n = 114) were assessed.METHODS AND RESULTSAfter a mean follow-up of 72 (55-125) months, information on 96% of patients (203 of 212) was obtained regarding survival or cause of death. The probability of death after 84 months according to actuarial life-table analysis (Kaplan-Meier) was 30% for the amiodarone-treated patients and 45% for control patients. For the total follow-up, mortality remained significantly lower in the amiodarone group versus the control group regarding all deaths (p = 0.03) as well as cardiac death (p = 0.047). This mortality reduction was e...
Porcine heart valves produce a protein that induces cell-mediated connective tissue degradation: I. Biological properties.
Authors: A MHenney, J TDingle, R SDecker
Journal: Circulation Research (1986)

Cultured porcine heart valves secrete a factor that induces cells to degrade their extracellular matrix. This activity was routinely monitored by measuring the release of glycosaminoglycans from proteoglycan in cultured bovine nasal cartilage. It was observed that factor-mediated matrix degradation was dose dependent and required live target cells, while factor production by valves was inhibited by cycloheximide and declined with reduced cell viability. The effect of various steroidal and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the production and activity of the factor is discussed with reference to similar cytokines. It is concluded that there is a close similarity between the cardiac catabolic factor described here and catabolin, a protein isolated from porcine synovia and leukocytes, as shown by the neutralization of biological activity with antisera raised to porcine catabolin (interleukin-1).
Endoscopic Full Thickness Resection With Endoscopic Suturing (EFTR-S) In 107 Rectal Lesions: A Single Center Experience On Safety And Efficacy &amp; NBSP
Authors: M Bisello, P Pregnolato, LM Antoniello, F Vastola, R Boschetto, P Bertomoro, C Modonesi, F Donelli, V Mengotto, P Cattaneo
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of EFTR with endoscopic suturing in rectal lesions.
78MO Early safety assessment of durvalumab after sCRT in patients with stage III, unresectable NSCLC (PACIFIC-6)
Authors: M.C. Garassino, J. Mazieres, M. Reck, A. Delmonte, H.G. Bischoff, R. Bernabe, I. Diaz Perez, W. Sawyer, N. Trunova, C. Faivre-Finn
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Effects of quinapril, a new angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, on left ventricular failure and survival in the cardiomyopathic hamster. Hemodynamic, morphological, and biochemical correlates.
Authors: S JHaleen, R EWeishaar, R WOverhiser, R FBousley, J AKeiser, S RRapundalo, D GTaylor
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

The effect of chronic therapy with quinapril on the temporal progression of left ventricular failure and survival was assessed in the CHF 146 cardiomyopathic (CM) hamster, which is an idiopathic model of congestive heart failure. Age-matched Golden Syrian (GS) hamsters served as normal controls. Quinapril was administered in the drinking water at average daily doses of 10.2, 112.4, and 222.4 mg/kg/day. In untreated CM hamsters, in vitro left ventricular performance progressively deteriorated with increasing age beginning at roughly 180 days. This decline in left ventricular performance was accompanied by a decrease in coronary flow and an increase in left ventricular volume. Administration of quinapril from 180 to 300 days of age prevented the decline of in vitro left ventricular contractile performance and coronary flow and also reduced the age-dependent increases in left ventricular volume. The cardioprotective effects of quinapril were observed at doses of 112.4 and 222.4 mg/kg/day but not at 10.2 mg/k...
Diagnostic value of visualization of the right ventricle using thallium-201 myocardial imaging.
Authors: FKhaja, MAlam, SGoldstein, D TAnbe, D SMarks
Journal: Circulation (1979)

The diagnostic significance of visualizing the right ventricle on thallium-201 myocardial perfusion scans (T-scan) at rest was studied in 53 patients. In 33 patients the right ventricle was visualized clearly on the T-scan (group A). Hemodynamic evidence of right ventricular hypertension with systolic pressure greater than or equal to 30 mmHg was present in 28 of 33 (85%) of these patients. Right ventricular volume overload with left-to-right shunt greater than 2:1 was present in three patients. Other tests were diagnostic for right ventricular enlargement and or pulmonary hypertension as follows: chest x-ray (58%), echocardiogram (36%) and electrocardiogram (15%). In an unselected group of 20 patients (group B) where resting T-scan did not show visualization of the right ventricle, the right ventricular systolic pressure was less than 30 mm Hg in all. The other noninvasive tests did not reveal presence of right ventricular hypertrophy or enlargement. T-scan appears to be a useful and sensitive test in de...
Expression of type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor in chronic pulmonary thromboemboli.
Authors: I MLang, J JMarsh, M AOlman, K MMoser, D JLoskutoff, R RSchleef
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDChronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension is the result of nonresolving pulmonary emboli that lead to chronic obstruction of the central pulmonary arteries.METHODS AND RESULTSTo determine if the failure to lyse pulmonary thromboemboli is caused by the local expression of the primary inhibitor of tissue-type plasminogen activator (type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor, PAI-1), levels of PAI-1 antigen and mRNA were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization in specimens harvested from a series of patients during pulmonary thromboendarterectomies. Red, fibrin-rich thrombi within the thromboendarterectomy specimens were lined with a single layer of endothelial cells exhibiting high levels of PAI-1 antigen. Quantitation of the in situ hybridization signal revealed that a significant increase in PAI-1 mRNA was present in the endothelial cells lining the fresh thrombi in comparison to the signal present in the endothelial cells from noninvolved areas of patients' pulmonary arteries...
Biomedical Engineering: Advances in Micro/Nanoporous Membranes for Biomedical Engineering (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 7/2021)
Authors: Meilin Sun, Kai Han, Rui Hu, Dan Liu, Wenzhu Fu, Wenming Liu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2021)

Micro/nanoporous membranes (M/N-PMs) present quite practical and potential value for extensive biological and medical applications involving separation, patterning, tissue reconstruction, high-throughput manipulation/analysis, and biosensing. In article number 2001545 by Wenming Liu and co-workers, the recent advances in fundamentals of micro/nanoporous membranesM/N-PMs, as well as their applications in biomedical engineering are systematically summarized, providing insights into membrane design, microdevice establishment, and further performance.
Flunarizine allows differentiation between mechanisms of arrhythmias in the intact heart.
Authors: M AVos, A PGorgels, J DLeunissen, H JWellens
Journal: Circulation (1990)

The calcium antagonist flunarizine suppresses pathologic accumulation of calcium intracellularly without affecting the fast sodium or the slow calcium channel. To establish its value in differentiating between mechanisms of arrhythmias in the canine heart, the effect of flunarizine was investigated on ventricular tachycardia (VT) induced by ouabain intoxication or occurring 16-24 hours after occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Four groups of dogs were studied. Group 1 consisted of 13 animals with VT induced by ouabain intoxication (triggered-activity group). Group 2 included nine dogs in whom VT developed 16-24 hours after occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (abnormal automaticity group). Group 3 included six dogs with normally conducted sinus beats, whereas group 4 consisted of six animals having a ventricular escape rhythm. With the exception of group 3, all dogs had surgically induced complete atrioventricular block. All animals were studied while conscious ...
Cardiac Outcomes After Treatment for Depression in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Frederik M. Zimmermann, Mohamed El Farissi, Pim A. L. Tonino
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of right ventricular pressure on the end-diastolic left ventricular pressure-volume relationship before and after chronic right ventricular pressure overload in dogs without pericardia.
Authors: W CLittle, F RBadke, R AO'Rourke
Journal: Circulation Research (1984)

We studied the effect of chronic right ventricular pressure overload on diastolic ventricular interdependence in dogs without pericardia, instrumented to measure left ventricular pressure, right ventricular pressure, and 3 left ventricular dimensions. We studied 12 dogs before (control) and nine dogs after 6 weeks of pulmonary artery constriction producing systolic right ventricular pressure greater than or equal to 70 mm Hg. Compared to control, following pulmonary artery band there was greater (P less than 0.01) interventricular septal mass (53 +/- 15 vs. 35 +/- 7 mg, mean +/- SD), thickness (15 +/- 2 vs. 10 +/- 1 mm), and ratio of the surface area of the interventricular septal to total left ventricular surface area (0.38 +/- 0.03 vs. 0.33 +/- 0.02), but unchanged left ventricular free wall mass (81 +/- 12 vs. 84 +/- 14 mg) and thickness (11 +/- 2 vs. 11 +/- 2 mm). End-diastolic right and left ventricular pressures and left ventricular volume were varied by vena cava and pulmonary artery occlusions and...
Growth Hormone Use in Childhood and Adult Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Saul Malozowski, Marissa Lightbourne
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Charges for Patients
Authors: W. M. E. Tweed
Journal: BMJ (1964)

SIR,-I think it is unfortunate that in the recent discussions about charges for general medical services by general practitioners the words " deterrent " and " financial barrier" have been used so freely by the profession.It should have been obvious that the press would seize upon these terms and use them in the manner they have.It is only because the existing capitation system is so stifling and lacking in incentive to do extra work, especially for trivialities, that many doctors have considered item-forservice payments.This is not a barrier or deterrent to medical care: it is a method whereby the income bears a direct relationship to the work done.If the State wants a universal " free " service it should be pre- pared to foot the bill for the work the doctors do, so let it subsidize the patient wholly or in part for the doctor's fee.As things are to-day the demand for medical treatment is increasing, the work load is increasing, and the doctors' income is limited.Only fools