tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Relationship between myosin isoenzyme composition, hemodynamics, and myocardial structure in various forms of human cardiac hypertrophy.
Authors: H OHirzel, C RTuchschmid, JSchneider, H PKrayenbuehl, M CSchaub
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

Hemodynamic and angiographic parameters, muscle fiber diameter, nonmuscle tissue content, and myosin light chain isoform composition were determined in the left ventricle of nine patients with primary (four with hypertrophic, five with dilated cardiomyopathy) and 27 patients with secondary hypertrophy (11 with aortic regurgitation, 16 with aortic stenosis), nine patients with coronary heart disease, and seven controls. In various forms of hypertrophy, a new atrial-like light chain 1 occurred in two-dimensional electrophoresis of total tissue homogenates amounting up to 29% of total light chain 1. Total light chain 1 content remained constant in all groups when related to tropomyosin. The mean content of this atrial light chain 1 was highest in dilated cardiomyopathy (12.1%), less in cases with pressure (6.4%) and volume overload (2.9%), but as low in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (0.3%) as in controls (0.4%). In cases with coronary heart disease without prior infarction, it was lower (0.6%) than with infarc...
The effects of acetylcholine on the electrical activity of canine cardiac Purkinje fibers.
Authors: D CGadsby, A LWit, P FCranefield
Journal: Circulation Research (1978)

We studied the effects of acetylcholine (ACh) on small bundles of canine cardiac Purkinje fibers exposed to normal, or low-chloride (isethionate) Tyrode's solution in a rapid superfusion system. In superfusate containing 4 mM K+, the resting potential of Purkinje fibers may be either low, near -40 mV, or high, near -90 mV. ACh, at 10(-6) to 10 (-5) M, increased the membrane potential from both the low and high resting levels and, in low-Cl solution, often induced a maintained shift in potential from the low to the high level. The increase in membrane potential caused by ACh was greater at the low than at the high level. ACh, at 10(-6) to 10(-5) M, reduced action potential duration in both normal and low-Cl Tyrode's solution, the effect being more marked in the latter. These effects of ACh were reversibly abolished by atropine (5 X 10(-5) M), indicating that they were mediated via muscarinic ACh receptors, and they probably result from an increase in membrane K+ conductance since 10(-5) M ACh reversibl...
Abolition of cyclic flow variations in stenosed, endothelium-injured coronary arteries in nonhuman primates with a peptide fragment (VCL) derived from human plasma von Willebrand factor-glycoprotein Ib binding domain.
Authors: A IMcGhie, JMcNatt, NEzov, KCui, L KMower, YHagay, L MBuja, L IGarfinkel, MGorecki, J TWillerson
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDPlatelets play an important role in the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndromes. The interaction between the platelet glycoprotein Ib receptor and von Willebrand factor is a critical event allowing platelet adhesion and aggregation and subsequent thrombus formation in vessels with high shear rates and damaged endothelium. Therefore, we tested the hypotheses that VCL, an antagonist of von Willebrand-glycoprotein Ib binding domain, (1) attenuates/abolishes cyclic flow variations in stenosed, endothelium-injured coronary arteries in nonhuman primates and (2) reduces botrocetin-induced platelet aggregation in vitro after intravenous in vivo administration.METHODS AND RESULTSCyclic flow variations were established in anesthetized, open-chest baboons (n = 18). The baboons were divided into three groups. One group (n = 8) received a bolus of VCL (4 mg/kg IV) followed by an infusion (6 mg.kg-1.h-1) for 90 minutes (schedule A). Another group (n = 6) received a 2-mg/kg bolus followed by an infusion of...
Beta 2-microglobulin. A reliable parameter for differentiating between graft rejection and severe infection after cardiac transplantation.
Authors: HTeufelsbauer, F CPrischl, MHavel, CHolzinger, TLion, J DSchwarzmeier, ALaczkovics
Journal: Circulation (1989)

We investigated the role of beta 2-microglobulin as a noninvasive parameter to monitor acute rejection and severe infection in 45 consecutive heart transplant recipients. Endomyocardial biopsy revealed moderate (41 patients) or severe (three patients) rejection in 44 patients. Severe infections of bacterial septicemia (11 patients), bronchopneumonia (two patients), and viral infection (seven patients) were detected by a meticulous schedule of various clinical and laboratory tests. beta 2-Microglobulin levels in serum, generally corrected for serum creatinine, were significantly elevated in patients with infections (median, 6.3 mg/l; range Q10-Q90, 3.47-10.27 mg/l) compared with levels in patients with rejection (p less than 0.0001) or in patients in obviously good condition (p less than 0.0001). At the onset of acute rejection, the median corrected beta 2-microglobulin serum level was 1.56 mg/l (range Q10-Q90, -0.05-3.46 mg/l) and was significantly different from the control group (p less than 0.01). In a...
Biomimetic Ti–6Al–4V alloy/gelatin methacrylate hybrid scaffold with enhanced osteogenic and angiogenic capabilities for large bone defect restoration
Authors: Limin Ma, Xiaolan Wang, Ye Zhou, Xiongfa Ji, Shi Cheng, Dong Bian, Lei Fan, Lei Zhou, Chengyun Ning, Yu Zhang
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)

Titanium-based scaffolds are widely used implant materials for bone defect treatment. However, the unmatched biomechanics and poor bioactivities of conventional titanium-based implants usually lead to insufficient bone integration. To tackle these challenges, it is critical to develop novel titanium-based scaffolds that meet the bioadaptive requirements for load-bearing critical bone defects. Herein, inspired by the microstructure and mechanical properties of natural bone tissue, we developed a Ti-6Al-4V alloy (TC4)/gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hybrid scaffold with dual bionic features (GMPT) for bone defect repair. GMPT is composed of a hard 3D-printed porous TC4 metal scaffold (PT) backbone, which mimics the microstructure and mechanical properties of natural cancellous bone, and a soft GelMA hydrogel matrix infiltrated into the pores of PT that mimics the microenvironment of the extracellular matrix. Ascribed to the unique dual bionic design, the resultant GMPT demonstrates better osteogenic and angiogenic capabilities than PT, as confirmed by the in vitro and rabbit radius bone defect experimental results. Moreover, controlling the concentration of GelMA (10%) in GMPT can further improve the osteogenesis and angiogenesis of GMPT. The fundamental mechanisms were revealed by RNA-Seq analysis, which showed that the concentration of GelMA significantly influenced the expression of osteogenesis- and angiogenesis-related genes via the Pi3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. The results of this work indicate that our dual bionic implant design represents a promising strategy for the restoration of large bone defects.
Prevention of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty with thromboxane A2-receptor blockade. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Coronary Artery Restenosis Prevention on Repeated Thromboxane-Antagonism Study (CARPORT).
Authors: P WSerruys, WRutsch, G RHeyndrickx, NDanchin, E GMast, WWijns, B JRensing, JVos, JStibbe
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDGR32191B is a novel thromboxane A2-receptor antagonist with potent antiagregational and antivasoconstrictive properties. We have conducted a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial to study its usefulness in restenosis prevention.METHODS AND RESULTSPatients received either GR32191B (80 mg orally before angioplasty and 80 mg/day orally for 6 months) or 250 mg i.v. aspirin before angioplasty and placebo for 6 months. Coronary angiograms before angioplasty, after angioplasty, and at 6-month follow-up were quantitatively analyzed. Angioplasty was attempted in 697 patients. For efficacy analysis, quantitative angiography at follow-up was available in 522 compliant patients (261 in each group). Baseline clinical and angiographic parameters did not differ between the two treatment groups. The mean difference in coronary diameter between postangioplasty and follow-up angiogram (primary end point) was -0.31 +/- 0.54 mm in the control group and -0.31 +/- 0.55 mm in the GR32191B group. Clinical e...
Pirbuterol, an oral beta-adrenergic receptor agonist, in the treatment of chronic cardiac failure.
Authors: K TWeber, VAndrews, J SJanicki, MLikoff, NReichek
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Pirbuterol (PB), an oral beta-adrenergic-receptor agonist, has the pharmacologic effects of vasodilation and positive inotropy. The present studies were undertaken to determine the value of PB in the long-term therapy of chronic cardiac failure. A double-blind, randomized, 7-week trial comparing PB (20 mg three times daily) with placebo in 12 patients was followed by 12 weeks of open PB therapy. Dose-dependent nervousness and tremulousness limited the unit PB dose to less than 20 mg in six patients. In all patients, clinical status, exercise tolerance and maximal oxygen uptake, left ventricular echocardiographic dimension and cardiothoracic ratio were unchanged from control after 7 weeks of placebo or PB or after 12--19 weeks of PB. To assess the adequacy of 20 mg of PB, the dose-response relations of cardiocirculatory effects to 10, 15, 20 and 30 mg of PB were compared in seven of the above patients and nine other patients. Cardiac output was significantly elevated and wedge pressure reduced after all fo...
Author Correction: Reopening businesses and risk of COVID-19 transmission
Authors: Ashley O’Donoghue, Tenzin Dechen, Whitney Pavlova, Michael Boals, Garba Moussa, Manvi Madan, Aalok Thakkar, Frank J. DeFalco, Jennifer P. Stevens
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2021)

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-021-00444-1
Oral delivery of peptide therapeutics in infants: Challenges and opportunities
Authors: John P. Gleeson, Katherine C. Fein, Kathryn A. Whitehead
Journal: Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews (2021)

The vast majority of drugs are not designed or developed for pediatric and infant populations. Peptide drugs, which have become increasingly relevant in the past several decades, are no exception. Unfortunately, nearly all of the 60+ approved peptide drugs are formulated for injection, a particularly unfriendly mode of administration for infants. Although three peptide drugs were recently approved for oral formulations, this major advance in peptide drug delivery is available only for adults. In this review, we consider the current challenges and opportunities for the oral formulation of peptide therapeutics, specifically for infant populations. We describe the strategies that enable oral protein delivery and the potential impact of infant physiology on those strategies. We also detail the limited but encouraging progress towards 1) adapting conventional drug development and delivery approaches to infants and 2) designing novel infant-centric formulations. Together, these efforts underscore the feasibility of oral peptide delivery in infants and provide motivation to increase attention paid to this underserved area of drug delivery and formulation.
Increased aortic impedance precedes peripheral vasoconstriction at the early stage of ventricular failure in the paced canine model.
Authors: G MEaton, R JCody, P FBinkley
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDAortic input impedance is altered in patients with congestive heart failure. However, little is known about whether this vascular response is an early change or a late manifestation of left ventricular dysfunction.METHODS AND RESULTSThis investigation used a paced canine model of congestive heart failure to demonstrate that abnormal aortic input impedance does evolve in the setting of ventricular systolic dysfunction and to prospectively define the time course of change in aortic input impedance and conduit vessel compliance. Studies were performed in closed-chest conditioned beagles aged 1 to 2 years that underwent hemodynamic evaluation at baseline and after induction of left ventricular dysfunction by rapid ventricular pacing. Within 48 hours of the onset of rapid ventricular pacing, we observed mild left ventricular systolic dysfunction with an echocardiographically derived left ventricular ejection fraction of 37% (p < .001 compared with baseline) measured during interruption of rapid ventr...
Sudden death recorded during Holter monitoring.
Authors: GNikolic, R LBishop, J BSingh
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Six instances of sudden death were recorded by Holter monitoring, which showed ventricular fibrillation in five and a bradyarrhythmia in one. Complex ventricular ectopic activity preceded cardiac arrest in five patients, including the one with the bradyarrhythmic arrest. Two patients with chronic bifascicular block arrested as a result of ventricular fibrillation. Fifteen cases reports from the literature are reviewed. The composite profile includes advanced myocardial disease (present in all cases), complex ventricular ectopic activity, R-on-T initiation of the terminal rhythm except in patients with prolonged QT interval, and variations in cycle length preceeding the onset of ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation. The role of supraventricular mechanisms in sudden death is uncertain.
Oral Diet and Survival After the Placement of Enteric Stens in Advanced Gastric Neoplasms
Authors: M Moreira, M Leite, A Elisa, T Araújo, R Salústio, F Fazeres, J Ramada, J Canena, L Lopes
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Antro-duodenal segment obstruction (ADSO) is a frequent complication in patients with locally advanced gastric neoplasms. The palliation of these obstructions can be performed with surgery or with the placement of metallic stents.
Supplemental Oxygen and Risk of Surgical Wound Infection
Authors: Kane O. Pryor, Cynthia A. Lien, Thomas J. Fahey, Peter A. Goldstein
Journal: JAMA (2006)

To the Editor: In their study of hyperoxia and infection, Dr Belda and colleagues1 critique a similar study2 in which we urged caution before universal adoption of elective hyperoxia. We are concerned about their representation of our results.
European guideline on managing adults in hospital with COVID-19
Authors: Priya Venkatesan
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2021)

The widespread rollout of COVID-19 vaccines plus national lockdowns seem to have been playing their part in slowing down the pandemic in 2021, particularly for older age groups; in England for example, deaths have decreased in people older than 65 years, and hospital admission rates fell from 6·12 per 100 000 in the week of March 1–7 to 4·63 per 100 000 in the following week. However, there is no room for complacency, as SARS-CoV-2 is still very much in circulation with accompanying risks of serious illness, hospital admissions, and death.
Understanding the coronary circulation through studies at the microvascular level.
Authors: M LMarcus, W MChilian, HKanatsuka, K CDellsperger, C LEastham, K GLamping
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Studies of the coronary circulation have divided vascular resistances into three large components: large vessels, small resistance vessels, and veins. Studies of the epicardial microcirculation in the beating heart using stroboscopic illumination have suggested that resistance is more precisely controlled in different segments of the circulation. Measurements of coronary pressure in different sized arteries and arterioles have indicated that under normal conditions, 45-50% of total coronary vascular resistance resides in vessels larger than 100 microns. This distribution of vascular resistance can be altered in a nonuniform manner by a variety of physiological (autoregulation, increases in myocardial oxygen consumption, sympathetic stimulation) and pharmacological stimuli (norepinephrine, papaverine, dipyridamole, serotonin, vasopressin, nitroglycerin, adenosine, and endothelin). Studies of exchange of macromolecules in the microcirculation using fluorescent-labeled dextrans have also identified the size ...
Refining Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Gastric Cancer With High Microsatellite Instability
Authors: Rishi Jain, Crystal S. Denlinger, Efrat Dotan
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Variability in the Endoscopist Detection Rate of Gastric Premalignant Conditions And Its Correlation With the Rate Of Missed Gastric Cancer During A Routine Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Authors: P Delgado-Guillena, V Morales-Alvarado, B De Riba-Soler, G Llibre-Nieto, M Jimeno-Ramiro, I Armas-Ramírez, I Levy-Ríos, T Guillena-Castañeda, J Rigau-Cañardo, E Llargues-Rocabruna, H Cordova, G Fernández-Esparrach
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims The recognition of gastric premalignant conditions (GPC) during an esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (EGD) is variable. Contrary to colonoscopy, in EGD no studies have explored the consequence of this variability in terms of the missed gastric cancer (MGC). Moreover, there is not a clear definition of the endoscopist detection rate (EdrGPC). In our study, we aimed to explore the correlation between the EdrGPC and the endoscopist rate of missed gastric cancer (ErMGC).
Myocardial lactate release during ischemia in swine. Relation to regional blood flow.
Authors: B DGuth, J AWisneski, R ANeese, F CWhite, GHeusch, C DMazer, E WGertz
Journal: Circulation (1990)

To determine the relation between regional myocardial blood flow, contractile function, and myocardial lactate release during mild-to-moderate regional myocardial ischemia, nine open-chest swine were instrumented for measurement of regional myocardial blood flow (microsphere method), contractile function (sonomicrometry), and hemodynamics. L-[1-14C]Lactate or L-[U-13C]lactate was infused intravenously using a primed continuous infusion technique to quantify regional myocardial lactate release. D-[U-13C]glucose or D-[6-14C]glucose was simultaneously infused to determine the contribution of exogenous glucose to lactate release. Graded coronary ischemia (two to three levels) was created in the left anterior descending coronary arterial distribution by mechanically constricting the artery in five animals or by decreasing flow through a cannulated left anterior descending artery in four animals. In all nine animals, subendocardial blood flow was 0.99 +/- 0.21 (ml/min)/g during control and 0.34 +/- 0.14 (ml/min...
Phonoangiography by autocorrelation.
Authors: R MRosen, S PParthasarathy, A FTurner, D HBlankenhorn, E JRoschke
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Phonoangiography, as a noninvasive quantitative analysis of arterial bruits, was conducted just prior to standard invasive radiographic angiography in 135 patients. Sound records from 162 carotid arteries were analyzed with a new processing technique employing a high speed analog acoustic analyzer, the autocorrelator. In 18 arteries with carotid stenosis, a correlation coefficient of 0.87 resulted between phonoangiographic diameter predictions and radiographic diameter estimates. Bruit analysis identified two patients with patent lumen diameters, but tortuous carotid vessels. One hundred thirty-three carotid arteries had no bruits that could be analyzed, but angiograms showed no extracranial stenosis. Four arteries from which bruits could not be analyzed were found to be totally occluded. Carotid phonoangiography appears applicable in approximately one of seven patients now requiring angiography of head and neck vessels. When applicable, phonoangiography is significantly correlated with angiographic findings.
Mechanical function of the heart and its alteration during myocardial ischemia and infarction. Specific reference to coronary atherosclerosis.
Authors: H JSwan
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Altered regional mechanical myocardial performance is an early, sensitive marker of myocardial ischemia, and can be estimated in man with reasonable accuracy. Identification, localization and quantification of abnormalities in mechanical performance can be used to predict the presence of coronary artery disease. Testing techniques that have little or no effect on diagnostic efficiency must be replaced with more sensitive indicators of ischemia. If experimental data are validated by findings in human subjects, accurate identification of regional wall motion changes during test conditions should prove to be a powerful marker of ischemia. To be of value, a diagnostic test must strongly increase the frequency of identification of subjects with a high probabilty for the presence of coronary artery disease in an otherwise low-prevalence population, and of those with known disease who are at the highest risk for complications including myocardial infarction or death.
The effects of changes in physical activity on major cardiovascular risk factors, hemodynamics, sympathetic function, and glucose utilization in man: a controlled study of four levels of activity.
Authors: GJennings, LNelson, PNestel, MEsler, PKorner, DBurton, JBazelmans
Journal: Circulation (1986)

The effects of four levels of activity on heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac index, total peripheral resistance index (TPRI), norepinephrine (NE) spillover rate, insulin sensitivity, and levels of lipids and some hormones were studied in 12 normal subjects. The randomized periods were (1) 4 weeks of below-sedentary activity, (2) 4 weeks of sedentary activity, (3) 4 weeks of 40 min of bicycling three times per week, and (4) 4 weeks of similar bicycling seven times per week. Exercise three times per week reduced resting blood pressure by 10/7 mm Hg (p less than .01) and it was reduced by 12/7 mm Hg after exercise seven times per week (both p less than .01). This was associated with reduction in TPRI, an increase in cardiac index, and cardiac slowing. At the highest level of activity, NE spillover rate, an index of sympathetic activity, fell to 35% of the sedentary value (p less than .001) in eight of 10 subjects. In two other subjects NE spillover rate rose, although blood pressure and TPRI were reduced. M...
18F-FDG PET/CT Monitoring of Tumor Response to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Alkylating Drugs in an SDH-Deficient GIST
Authors: François Somme, Laura Bender, Jean-Emmanuel Kurtz, Justine Gantzer, Alessio Imperiale
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

Abstract Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)–deficient gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are associated with loss of function of SDH complex and represent 5% to 7.5% of GISTs. SDH-deficient GISTs usually develop in the stomach of children and young adults, and could be part of Carney triad or Carney-Stratakis syndromes including paraganglioma. SDH-deficient GISTs are often indolent despite the high rate of distant metastasis, and overall unresponsive to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. However, epigenetic inactivation of MGMT leads to potential effectiveness of alkylating agents. We report the 18 F-FDG PET/CT results for monitoring response to TKI and alkylating drugs in a patient with refractory SDHB -deficient GIST.