tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pulsed Microfluid Force-Based On-Chip Modular Fabrication for Liver Lobule-Like 3D Cellular Models
Authors: J. Cui, H. P. Wang, Q. Shi, T. Sun
Journal: Cyborg and Bionic Systems (2021)

In vitro three-dimensional (3D) cellular models with native tissue-like architectures and functions have potential as alternatives to human tissues in regenerative medicine and drug discovery. However, it is difficult to replicate liver constructs that mimic in vivo microenvironments using current approaches in tissue engineering because of the vessel-embedded 3D structure and complex cell distribution of the liver. This paper reports a pulsed microflow-based on-chip 3D assembly method to construct 3D liver lobule-like models that replicate the spatial structure and functions of the liver lobule. The heterogeneous cell-laden assembly units with hierarchical cell distribution are fabricated through multistep photopatterning of different cell-laden hydrogels. Through fluid force interaction by pulsed microflow, the hierarchical assembly units are driven to a stack, layer by layer, and thus spatially assemble into 3D cellular models in the closed liquid chamber of the assembly chip. The 3D models with liver lobule-like hexagonal morphology and radial cell distribution allow the dynamic perfusion culture to maintain high cell viability and functional expression during long-term culture in vitro. These results demonstrate that the fabricated 3D liver lobule-like models are promising for drug testing and the study of individual diagnoses and treatments.
Time at Home as a Patient-Centered End Point for Surgical Cancer Treatment
Authors: Qi Zhi Clayton Yang
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Differences in Administration of Influenza Vaccine to Elderly Adults by Physician Sex, 2006-2016
Authors: Dan P. Ly
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2021)

2020, zinc dispensing peaked the weeks ending April 10 and August 7, and rose again through December 11 (Figure ,C).In 2020, dexamethasone dispensing decreased starting the week ending March 13, reaching a nadir the week ending April 3, before increasing to a peak 25% above baseline the week ending July 24, and rising over 50% above baseline through December 18 (Figure ,D).Discussion | After the national emergency declaration of March 2020, retail dispensing of 7 proposed COVID-19 treatment products significantly increased above prepandemic baselines.Single peaks in hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, and lopinavir-ritonavir dispensing in March to April, 2020, coincided with increases in cases, and did not recur as evidence of lack of efficacy in treating or preventing COVID-19 accumulated.Although the National Institutes of Health COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines Panel has not recommended outpatient use of ivermectin, zinc, or dexamethasone for treatment or prevention of COVID-19, increased dispensing of each of these products has coincided with a national increase in COVID-19 cases beginning in July 2020 and another national increase in the fall which continued into December 2020. 5 Limitations of these data include lack of prescribing indication and incomplete capture of products purchased over the counter (eg, famotidine, vitamin C, zinc).These trends in prescribing practices suggest that clinicians consider the most recent recommendations from the National Institutes of Health and the US Food and Drug Administration before prescribing unproven therapies for COVID-19 to outpatients outside of clinical trials.With availability of newly authorized treatments and COVID-19 vaccines, 6 it is particularly important to emphasize to patients the benefits of therapies demonstrated in randomized clinical trials compared with medications with uncertain benefits.National monitoring of outpatient dispensing of proposed products for treatment of COVID-19 should continue, particularly for medications with risk for serious adverse events (eg, hydroxychloroquine, dexamethasone) and without established efficacy for COVID-19 treatment in outpatients (eg, ivermectin).
Photothermal treatment by PLGA–gold nanorod–isatin nanocomplexes under near-infrared irradiation for alleviating psoriasiform hyperproliferation
Authors: G.R. Nirmal, Zih-Chan Lin, Ming-Jun Tsai, Shih-Chun Yang, Ahmed Alalaiwe, Jia-You Fang
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2021)
SNP density in coding regions of the human genome
Authors: Ivan Gorlov, Olga Gorlova, Chrostopher Amos
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

4706  Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most common type of genetic variation in humans. However, the factors that affect SNP density are poorly understood. The goal of this study was to estimate the relative effects of mutability and selection on SNP density in transcribed regions of human genes. It is important for prediction of the regions that harbor functional polymorphisms.  We used frequency-validated SNPs resulting from single-nucleotide substitutions. SNPs were subdivided into five functional categories: (i) 5′ untranslated region (UTR) SNPs, (ii) 3′UTR SNPs, (iii) synonymous SNPs, (iv) SNPs producing conservative missense mutations, and (v) SNPs producing radical missense mutations. Each of these categories was further subdivided into nine mutational categories on the basis of the single-nucleotide substitution type. Thus, 45 functional/mutational categories were analyzed. The relative mutation rate in each mutational category was estimated on the basis of published data. The proportion of segregating sites (PSSs) for each functional/mutational category was estimated by dividing the observed number of SNPs by the number of potential sites in the genome for a given functional/mutational category. By analyzing each functional group separately, we found significant positive correlations between PSSs and relative mutation rates (Spearman’s correlation coefficient, at least r=0.95, df=9, P
From the Centers for Disease Control. Patterns of sexual behavior change
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Concerns about the clinical usefulness of saliva specimens for the diagnosis of COVID-19
Authors: Masahiro Kodana, Yutaro Kitagawa, Rina Takahashi, Masaru Matsuoka, Naoki Fushimi, Jun Sakai, Noriomi Ishibashi, Kazuo Imai, Shinichi Takeuchi, Norihito Tarumoto, Shigefumi Maesaki, Tetsuo Ikezono, Takuya Maeda
Journal: Journal of Infection (2021)
Characteristics of tissue–resident ILCs and their potential as therapeutic targets in mucosal and skin inflammatory diseases
Authors: Keisuke Orimo, Masato Tamari, Hirohisa Saito, Kenji Matsumoto, Susumu Nakae, Hideaki Morita
Journal: Allergy (2021)

Abstract Discovery of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), which are non–T and non–B lymphocytes that have no antigen‐specific receptors, changed the classical concept of the mechanism of allergy, which had been explained mainly as antigen ‐ specific acquired immunity based on IgE and Th2 cells. The discovery led to dramatic improvement in our understanding of the mechanism of non–IgE‐mediated allergic inflammation. Numerous studies conducted in the past decade have elucidated the characteristics of each ILC subset in various organs and tissues and their ontogeny. We now know that each ILC subset exhibits heterogeneity. Moreover, the functions and activating/suppressing factors of each ILC subset were found to differ among both organs and types of tissue. Therefore, in this review, we summarize our current knowledge of ILCs by focusing on the organ/tissue ‐ specific features of each subset to understand their roles in various organs. We also discuss ILCs’ involvement in human inflammatory diseases in various organs and potential therapeutic/preventive strategies that target ILCs.
Abstract 13130: Efficacy and Safety of Bempedoic Acid by Sex: Pooled Analyses From Phase 3 Trials
Authors: Anne C Goldberg, Maciej Banach, Alberico L Catapano, P Barton Duell, Lawrence A Leiter, LeAnne T Bloedon, Amy Feng, G Mancini
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Bempedoic acid (BA), an ATP-citrate lyase inhibitor, lowers low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in patients with hypercholesterolemia. Objective: To report efficacy and safety of BA by sex in patients with elevated LDL-C. Methods: Data were pooled from 4 phase 3 randomized (2:1), double-blind studies investigating oral BA (180 mg once daily) vs placebo for 12 weeks to 52 weeks in adults receiving maximally tolerated statins who required additional LDL-C lowering, analyzed by sex. The primary efficacy endpoint was % change in LDL-C from baseline to week 12. Results were analyzed in cohorts with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and/or heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (“ASCVD/HeFH on statins pool”, n=3009) or history of statin intolerance (“statin intolerant pool”, n=614). Safety assessments included treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). Results: Of all participants, 34.3% were women. Significant LDL-C lowering from baseline with BA vs placebo was demonstrated in both pools and sexes ( P &lt; 0.001; Table 1 ), with greater lowering in women vs men in the ASCVD/HeFH on statins pool ( P = 0.04). Rates of TEAEs were similar across groups ( Table 2 ). Rates of common TEAEs were similar in both pools and sexes, except urinary tract infection (men: BA, 2.8%; placebo, 3.0%; women: BA, 8.0%; placebo, 10.3%) and pain in extremity (men: BA, 2.5%; placebo, 1.2%; women: BA, 4.2%; placebo, 2.9%), which occurred more frequently in women. Conclusion: BA lowered LDL-C significantly in both women and men, with greater effect in women vs men in both pools, and a safety profile generally comparable to placebo in both sexes.
Breaching self-tolerance by targeting the gatekeeper
Authors: Zurong Wan, Virginia Pascual
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2021)

Loss-of-function mutations in DNaseL13, the enzyme that restricts the amount of microparticle-associated DNA, cause SLE in humans and mice. In this issue of JEM, Hartl et al. (2021. J. Exp. Med.https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20201138) uncover a reduction in plasma DNASE1L3 enzymatic activity due to the presence of autoantibodies in patients with nonfamilial SLE.
Discontinuation of Disease-Modifying Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Eva M. M. Strijbis, Anne Kerbrat, John R. Corboy
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
RECOVERY 1 year on: a rare success in the COVID-19 clinical trial landscape
Authors: Asher Mullard
Journal: Nature Reviews Drug Discovery (2021)

Peter Horby, co-lead on the RECOVERY platform trial, discusses the origins, lessons learned and future plans for one of the most informative studies of COVID-19 therapeutics. Peter Horby, co-lead on the RECOVERY platform trial, discusses the origins, lessons learned and future plans for one of the most informative studies of COVID-19 therapeutics.
Pharmacological Activation of Nrf2 Enhances Functional Liver Regeneration
Authors: Benjamin K.Y. Chan, Mohamed Elmasry, Shiva S. Forootan, Giusy Russomanno, Tobias M. Bunday, Fang Zhang, Nathalie Brillant, Philip J. Starkey Lewis, Rhona Aird, Emanuele Ricci, Timothy D. Andrews, Rowena L. Sison‐Young, Amy L. Schofield, Yongxiang Fang, Adam Lister, Jack W. Sharkey, Harish Poptani, Neil R. Kitteringham, Stuart J. Forbes, Hassan Z. Malik, Stephen W. Fenwick, B. Kevin Park, Christopher E. Goldring, Ian M. Copple
Journal: Hepatology (2021)

Background and Aims The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) regulates an array of cytoprotective genes, yet studies in transgenic mice have led to conflicting reports on its role in liver regeneration. We aimed to test the hypothesis that pharmacological activation of Nrf2 would enhance liver regeneration. Approach and Results Wild‐type and Nrf2 null mice were administered bardoxolone methyl (CDDO‐Me), a potent activator of Nrf2 that has entered clinical development, and then subjected to two‐thirds partial hepatectomy. Using translational noninvasive imaging techniques, CDDO‐Me was shown to enhance the rate of restoration of liver volume (MRI) and improve liver function (multispectral optoacoustic imaging of indocyanine green clearance) in wild‐type, but not Nrf2 null, mice following partial hepatectomy. Using immunofluorescence imaging and whole transcriptome analysis, these effects were found to be associated with an increase in hepatocyte hypertrophy and proliferation, the suppression of immune and inflammatory signals, and metabolic adaptation in the remnant liver tissue. Similar processes were modulated following exposure of primary human hepatocytes to CDDO‐Me, highlighting the potential relevance of our findings to patients. Conclusions Our results indicate that pharmacological activation of Nrf2 is a promising strategy for enhancing functional liver regeneration. Such an approach could therefore aid the recovery of patients undergoing liver surgery and support the treatment of acute and chronic liver disease.
Lutetium-177-PSMA-617 in Low-Volume Hormone-Sensitive Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A Prospective Pilot Study
Authors: Bastiaan M. Privé, Steffie M.B. Peters, Constantijn H.J. Muselaers, Inge M. van Oort, Marcel J.R. Janssen, J.P. Michiel Sedelaar, Mark W. Konijnenberg, Patrik Zámecnik, Maike J.M. Uijen, Melline G.M. Schilham, Annemarie Eek, Tom W.J. Scheenen, J. Fred Verzijlbergen, Winald R. Gerritsen, Niven Mehra, Linda G.W. Kerkmeijer, Robert J. Smeenk, Diederik M. Somford, Jean-Paul A. van Basten, Sandra Heskamp, Jelle O. Barentsz, Martin Gotthardt, J. Alfred Witjes, James Nagarajah
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract Purpose: [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 radioligand therapy (177Lu-PSMA) is a novel treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), which could also be applied to patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) with PSMA expression. In this prospective study (NCT03828838), we analyzed toxicity, radiation doses, and treatment effect of 177Lu-PSMA in pateints with low-volume mHSPC. Patients and Methods: Ten progressive patients with mHSPC following local treatment, with a maximum of ten metastatic lesions on [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/diagnostic-CT imaging (PSMA-PET) and serum PSA doubling time &amp;lt;6 months received two cycles of 177Lu-PSMA. Whole-body single-photon emission CT/CT (SPECT/CT) and blood dosimetry was performed to calculate doses to the tumors and organs at risk (OAR). Adverse events (AE), laboratory values (monitoring response and toxicity), and quality of life were monitored until week 24 after cycle 2, the end of study (EOS). All patients underwent PSMA-PET at screening, 8 weeks after cycle 1, 12 weeks after cycle 2, and at EOS. Results: All patients received two cycles of 177Lu-PSMA without complications. No treatment-related grade III–IV adverse events were observed. According to dosimetry, none of the OAR reached threshold doses for radiation-related toxicity. Moreover, all target lesions received a higher radiation dose than the OAR. All 10 patients showed altered PSA kinetics, postponed androgen deprivation therapy, and maintained good quality of life. Half of the patients showed a PSA response of more than 50%. One patient had a complete response on PSMA-PET imaging until EOS and two others had only minimal residual disease. Conclusions: 177Lu-PSMA appeared to be a feasible and safe treatment modality in patients with low-volume mHSPC.
Impact of obstructive sleep apnoea and intermittent hypoxia on blood rheology: a translational study
Authors: Xavier Waltz, Andrew E. Beaudin, Elise Belaidi, Jill Raneri, Jean-Louis Pépin, Vincent Pialoux, Patrick J. Hanly, Samuel Verges, Marc J. Poulin
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2021)

Background Haemorheological alterations are reported in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and reversed with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), observations potentially explained by intermittent hypoxia (IH)-induced oxidative stress. Our objective was to investigate whether IH causes haemorheological alterations via oxidative stress. Methods Wistar rats were exposed to normoxia (n=7) or IH (n=8) for 14 days. 23 moderate-to-severe OSA patients were assessed at three time-points: baseline, after randomisation to either 2 weeks of nocturnal oxygen (n=13) or no treatment (n=10) and after 1 month of CPAP treatment (n=17). Furthermore, an OSA-free control group (n=13) was assessed at baseline and after time-matched follow-up. We measured haemorheological parameters (haematocrit, blood viscosity, plasma viscosity (rats only), erythrocyte aggregation and deformability (humans only)) and redox balance (superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase, protein oxidation (advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs)) and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde)). We also tested the haemorheological sensitivity of erythrocytes to reactive oxygen species (ROS) in our human participants using the oxidant t -butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP). Results In rats, IH increased blood viscosity by increasing haematocrit without altering the haemorheological properties of erythrocytes. IH also reduced SOD activity and increased AOPPs. In humans, baseline haemorheological properties were similar between patients and control participants, and properties were unaltered following oxygen and CPAP, except erythrocyte deformability was reduced following oxygen therapy. Redox balance was comparable between patients and control participants. At baseline, TBHP induced a greater reduction of erythrocyte deformability in patients while CPAP reduced TBHP-induced increase in aggregation strength. Conclusions IH and OSA per se do not cause haemorheological alterations despite the presence of oxidative stress or higher sensitivity to ROS, respectively.
Bibliometric Analysis of Neurology Articles Published in General Medicine Journals
Authors: Mitch Wilson, Margaret Sampson, Nick Barrowman, Asif Doja
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

<h3>Importance</h3> A significant portion of neurology literature is published in general medicine journals. Despite this, a detailed examination of publication patterns of neurology articles in these journals has not yet been carried out. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine the publication patterns of neurology articles in general medicine journals during a 10-year period using a bibliometric approach. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This cross-sectional bibliometric analysis identified the top 5 general medicine journals using the 2017 Journal Citations Report. Four other medical subspecialties (ie, immunology, endocrinology, gastroenterology, and pulmonology) were selected for comparison of publication patterns with neurology. Using MEDLINE, the 5 journals were searched for articles published between 2009 and 2018 that were indexed with the following MeSH terms:<i>nervous system diseases, immune system diseases, endocrine system diseases, gastrointestinal diseases,</i>and<i>respiratory tract diseases. </i>Data analysis was conducted from February 2019 to December 2020. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Publications were characterized by journal, specialty, and study design. These variables were used for comparison of publication numbers. <h3>Results</h3> The general medicine journals with the 5 highest journal impact factors (JIF) were<i>New England Journal of Medicine </i>(<i>NEJM</i>; JIF 79.3),<i>Lancet</i>(JIF 53.3),<i>JAMA</i>(JIF 47.7),<i>BMJ</i>(JIF 23.6), and<i>PLOS Medicine</i>(JIF 11.7). Our bibliometric search yielded 3719 publications, of which 1098 (29.5%) were in neurology. Of these 1098 neurology publications, 317 (28.9%) were published in<i>NEJM</i>, 205 (18.7%) in<i>Lancet</i>, 284 (25.9%) in<i>JAMA</i>, 214 (19.5%) in<i>BMJ</i>, and 78 (7.1%) in<i>PLOS Medicine</i>. Randomized clinical trials were the most frequent neurology study type in general medicine journals (519 [47.3%]). The number of publications in each of the other specialties were as follows: immunology, 817; endocrinology, 633; gastroenterology, 353; and pulmonology, 818. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> The results of this study provide some guidance to authors regarding where they may wish to consider submitting their neurology research. Compared with other specialties, neurology-based articles are published more frequently in general medicine journals.
Distinct cytokine profiles associated with COVID-19 severity and mortality
Authors: Karim Dorgham, Paul Quentric, Mehmet Gökkaya, Stéphane Marot, Christophe Parizot, Delphine Sauce, Amélie Guihot, Charles-Edouard Luyt, Matthieu Schmidt, Julien Mayaux, Alexandra Beurton, Loic Le Guennec, Sophie Demeret, Elyes Ben Salah, Alexis Mathian, Hans Yssel, Béhazine Combadiere, Christophe Combadiere, Claudia Traidl-Hoffmann, Sonia Burrel, Anne-Geneviève Marcelin, Zahir Amoura, Guillaume Voiriot, Avidan U. Neumann, Guy Gorochov
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2021)