tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Oncolytic ImmunoViroTherapy: A long history of crosstalk between viruses and immune system for cancer treatment
Authors: S. Feola, S. Russo, E. Ylösmäki, V. Cerullo
Journal: Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2021)

Cancer Immunotherapy relies on harnessing a patient's immune system to fine-tune specific anti-tumor responses and ultimately eradicate cancer. Among diverse therapeutic approaches, oncolytic viruses (OVs) have emerged as a novel form of cancer immunotherapy. OVs are a naturally occurring or genetically modified class of viruses able to selectively kill cancer cells, leaving healthy cells unharmed; in the last two decades, the role of OVs has been redefined to act beyond their oncolytic activity. Indeed, the immunogenic cancer cell death mediated by OVs induces the release of tumor antigens that in turn induces anti-tumor immunity, allowing OVs to act as in situ therapeutic cancer vaccines. Additionally, OVs can be engineered for intratumoral delivery of immunostimulatory molecules such as tumor antigens or cytokines to further enhance anti-tumor response. Moreover, OVs can be used in combination with other cancer immunotherapeutic approaches such as Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and CAR-T cells. The current review first defines the three main mechanisms of action (MOA) of OVs currently used in cancer therapy that are: i) Oncolysis, ii) OV-induced cancer-specific immune activation, and iii) Exploiting pre-existing anti-viral immunity to enhance cancer therapy. Secondly, we focus on how OVs can induce and/or improve anti-cancer immunity in a specific or unspecific fashion, highlighting the importance of these approaches. Finally, the last part of the review analyses OVs combined with other cancer immunotherapies, revising present and future clinical applications.
Phase 3 Trials of Tapinarof Cream for Plaque Psoriasis
Authors: Mark G. Lebwohl, Linda Stein Gold, Bruce Strober, Kim A. Papp, April W. Armstrong, Jerry Bagel, Leon Kircik, Benjamin Ehst, H. Chih-ho Hong, Jennifer Soung, Jeff Fromowitz, Scott Guenthner, Stephen C. Piscitelli, David S. Rubenstein, Philip M. Brown, Anna M. Tallman, Robert Bissonnette
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

Tapinarof cream is a topical aryl hydrocarbon receptor-modulating agent under investigation for the treatment of psoriasis. Tapinarof modulates the expression of interleukin-17 and the skin-barrier proteins filaggrin and loricrin.We conducted two identical phase 3 randomized trials of tapinarof in patients with mild-to-severe plaque psoriasis. Adults with a baseline Physician's Global Assessment (PGA) score of 2 (mild) to 4 (severe) (on a scale from 0 to 4, with higher scores indicating more severe psoriasis) and a percent of total body-surface area affected of 3 to 20% were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to use tapinarof 1% cream or vehicle cream once daily for 12 weeks. The primary end point, PGA response, was a PGA score of 0 (clear) or 1 (almost clear) and a decrease from baseline of at least 2 points at week 12. Secondary efficacy end points at week 12 were a reduction of at least 75% in the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score, a PGA score of 0 or 1, the mean change from baseline in the percent of body-surface area affected, and a reduction of at least 90% in the PASI score. Patient-reported outcomes were the mean changes from baseline to week 12 in the proportion of patients who had a decrease of at least 4 points in the Peak Pruritus Numeric Rating Scale (PP-NRS) score (range, 0 [no itch] to 10 [worst imaginable itch]), the PP-NRS total score, the Dermatology Life Quality Index total score, and the Psoriasis Symptom Diary score.In trials 1 and 2, a total of 692 and 674 patients, respectively, were screened, with 510 and 515 patients being enrolled. A PGA response occurred in 35.4% of the patients in the tapinarof group and in 6.0% of those in the vehicle group in trial 1 and in 40.2% and 6.3%, respectively, in trial 2 (P<0.001 for both comparisons). Results for secondary end points and patient-reported outcomes were generally in the same direction as those for the primary end point. Adverse events with tapinarof cream included folliculitis, nasopharyngitis, contact dermatitis, headache, upper respiratory tract infection, and pruritus.Tapinarof 1% cream once daily was superior to vehicle control in reducing the severity of plaque psoriasis over a period of 12 weeks but was associated with local adverse events and headache. Larger and longer trials are needed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tapinarof cream as compared with existing treatments for psoriasis. (Funded by Dermavant Sciences; PSOARING 1 and 2 ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT03956355 and NCT03983980, respectively.).
Pathophysiology of <scp>T</scp>akotsubo syndrome – a joint scientific statement from the Heart Failure Association <scp>T</scp>akotsubo Syndrome Study Group and Myocardial Function Working Group of the <scp>E</scp>uropean Society of Cardiology – Part 1: overview and the central role for catecholamines and sympathetic nervous system
Authors: Elmir Omerovic, Rodolfo Citro, Eduardo Bossone, Bjorn Redfors, Johannes Backs, Bastian Bruns, Michele Ciccarelli, Liam S. Couch, Dana Dawson, Guido Grassi, Massimo Iacoviello, Guido Parodi, Birke Schneider, Christian Templin, Jelena R. Ghadri, Thomas Thum, Ovidiu Chioncel, C. Gabriele Tocchetti, Jolanda van der Velden, Stephane Heymans, Alexander R. Lyon
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2021)

This is the first part of a scientific statement from the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the European Society of Cardiology focused upon the pathophysiology of Takotsubo syndrome and is complimentary to the previous HFA position statement on Takotsubo syndrome which focused upon clinical management. In part 1 we provide an overview of the pathophysiology of Takotsubo syndrome and fundamental questions to consider. We then review and discuss the central role of catecholamines and the sympathetic nervous system in the pathophysiology, and the direct effects of high surges in catecholamines upon myocardial biology including β-adrenergic receptor signalling, G-protein coupled receptor kinases, cardiomyocyte calcium physiology, myofilament physiology, cardiomyocyte gene expression, myocardial electrophysiology and arrhythmogenicity, myocardial inflammation, metabolism and energetics. The integrated effects upon ventricular haemodynamics are discussed and integrated into the pathophysiological model.
Association Between Age and Outcomes of Catheter Ablation Versus Medical Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation: Results From the CABANA Trial
Authors: Tristram D. Bahnson, Anna Giczewska, Daniel B. Mark, Andrea M. Russo, Kristi H. Monahan, Hussein R. Al-Khalidi, Adam P. Silverstein, Jeanne E. Poole, Kerry L. Lee, Douglas L. Packer
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Observational data suggest that catheter ablation may be safe and effective to treat younger and older patients with atrial fibrillation. No large, randomized trial has examined this issue. This report describes outcomes according to age at entry in the CABANA trial (Catheter Ablation versus Antiarrhythmic Drug Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation).Patients with atrial fibrillation ≥65 years of age, or <65 with ≥1 risk factor for stroke, were randomly assigned to catheter ablation versus drug therapy. The primary outcome was a composite of death, disabling stroke, serious bleeding, or cardiac arrest. Secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality, the composite of mortality or cardiovascular hospitalization, and recurrence of atrial fibrillation. Treatment effect estimates were adjusted for baseline covariables using proportional hazards regression models.Of 2204 patients randomly assigned in CABANA, 766 (34.8%) were <65 years of age, 1130 (51.3%) were 65 to 74 years of age, and 308 (14.0%) were ≥75 years of age. Catheter ablation was associated with a 43% reduction in the primary outcome for patients <65 years of age (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.57 [95% CI, 0.30-1.09]), a 21% reduction for 65 to 74 years of age (aHR, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.54-1.16]), and an indeterminate effect for age ≥75 years of age (aHR, 1.39 [95% CI, 0.75-2.58]). Four-year event rates for ablation versus drug therapy across age groups, respectively, were 3.2% versus 7.8%, 7.8% versus 9.6%, and 14.8% versus 9.0%. For every 10-year increase in age, the primary outcome aHR increased (ie, less favorable to ablation) an average of 27% (interaction P value=0.215). A similar pattern was seen with all-cause mortality: for every 10-year increase in age, the aHR increased an average of 46% (interaction P value=0.111). Atrial fibrillation recurrence rates were lower with ablation than with drug therapy across age subgroups (aHR 0.47, 0.58, and 0.49, respectively). Treatment-related complications were infrequent for both arms (<3%) regardless of age.We found age-based variations in clinical outcomes for catheter ablation compared with drug therapy, with the largest relative and absolute benefits of catheter ablation in younger patients. No prognostic benefits for ablation were seen in the oldest patients. No differences were found by age in treatment-related complications or in the relative effectiveness of catheter ablation in preventing recurrent atrial arrhythmias.URL: https://www.gov; Unique identifier: NCT00911508.
Exploration of Risk Factors for Cognitive Decline Shared by Couples and Cognitive Outcomes—Assortative Mating, Lifestyle, and Chronic Stress
Authors: Peter P. Vitaliano
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

Hee Won Yang, MD; Jong Bin Bae, MD; Dae Jong Oh, MD; Dong Gyu Moon, MD; Eunji Lim, MD; Jin Shin, MD; Bong Jo Kim, MD, PhD; Dong Woo Lee, MD, PhD; Jeong Lan Kim, MD, PhD; Jin Hyeong Jhoo, MD, PhD; Joon Hyuk Park, MD, PhD; Jung Jae Lee, MD, PhD; Kyung Phil Kwak, MD, PhD; Seok Bum Lee, MD, PhD; Seok Woo Moon, MD, PhD; Seung-Ho Ryu, MD, PhD; Shin Gyeom Kim, MD, PhD; Ji Won Han, MD, PhD; Ki Woong Kim, MD, PhD
We need increased targeted measures now to slow the spread of omicron
Authors: Sarah Hallett
Journal: BMJ (2021)

We need increased targeted measures now to slow the spread of omicron The government's current strategy of playing for time is a dangerous gamble, writes Sarah Hallett Sarah Hallett BMA junior doctors committee co-chair and paediatric registrar 1 "But omicron isn't as severe.The number of people in hospital or dying is nowhere near as high as we've seen before.Why all the fuss?"
Slower vs Faster Intravenous Fluid Bolus Rates and Mortality in Critically Ill Patients—Reply
Authors: Fernando G. Zampieri, Alexandre B. Cavalcanti
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 14493: Rise in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Cases in Chicago in 2020
Authors: Shaveta Khosla, Marina Del Rios, Pavitra Kotini-shah, E Bradshaw B Bunney, Teri Campbell, Eddie Markul, Katie Tataris, Joseph Weber, Terry Vanden Hoek
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Background: Italy, France and New York City have reported an increase in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) incidence during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of our study was to assess the effect of COVID-19 on OHCA cases in Chicago. Method: Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival (CARES) database was used. Bivariate analysis was conducted to assess changes in demographic and other characteristics. We excluded the cases that occurred in a healthcare facility or a nursing home. We compared the cases reported in 2020 to 2019 (and prior years). ArcGIS was used to geocode incident addresses and to show the temporal distribution by community areas. Bivariate analysis was done using chi-square tests. Results: A total of 3221 OHCA cases were reported in Chicago in 2020, which is 31.5% higher than those reported in 2019 (n=2450 cases). This increase was higher than what has been noticed historically (for instance, the increase from 2018 to 2019 was only 17%). There was an increase in Hispanic OHCA cases (17.3% in 2020 vs. 13.5% in 2019, p&lt;0.01) but a decrease in White cases (20.5% vs. 23.1%). The cases in 2020 were less likely to be reported at public location (22% vs. 26%, p&lt;0.001) or have shockable rhythm (10% vs. 13%, p=0.0002). There was a marked increase in those that were declared dead in the field in 2020 (37% vs. 27%, p&lt;0.001). However, there were no statistically significant differences in age distribution, gender, witnessed arrest (49% vs. 51%, p=0.07) or bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (BCPR) (23% vs. 22%, p=0.3). Conclusion: A better understanding of the causes of the excess cardiac arrest numbers will be important to help plan and better prepare for future public health interventions. The effect of COVID-19 on OHCA survival needs to be examined further in future studies.
Ablative therapies versus partial nephrectomy for small renal masses – A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Vinson Wai-Shun Chan, Ahmad Abul, Filzah Hanis Osman, Helen Hoi-Lam Ng, Kaiwen Wang, Yuhong Yuan, Jon Cartledge, Tze Min Wah
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2021)
Association of Hemophilia a Inhibitor Status and Patient-Reported Outcomes with Work Productivity and Health-Related Quality of Life
Authors: Megan M. Ullman, Marilyn J Manco-Johnson, Jonathan C. Roberts, Nicole Crook, Rahul Khairnar, Marquita Decker-Palmer, Judith Baker, Randall Curtis, Amit Soni, Joanne Wu, Michael B. Nichol
Journal: Blood (2021)
Corrigendum to ’Phosphorylation inhibition of protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B tyrosine-152 induces bone regeneration coupled with angiogenesis for bone tissue engineering’ [Bioactive Mater. Vol. 6, Issue 7, Pages 2039–2057]
Authors: Yong Tang, Keyu Luo, Yin Chen, Yueqi Chen, Rui Zhou, Can Chen, Jiulin Tan, Moyuan Deng, Qijie Dai, Xueke Yu, Jian Liu, Chengmin Zhang, Wenjie Wu, Jianzhong Xu, Shiwu Dong, Fei Luo
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)
Phase 2 March Study: ATG-010 Plus Low Dose Dexamethasone in Chinese Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma (RRMM) Patients Previously Treated with an Immunomodulatory Agent (IMiD) and a Proteasome Inhibitor (PI)
Authors: Lugui Qiu, Weijun Fu, Zhongjun Xia, Zhengzheng Fu, Wenming Chen, Chunkang Chang, Baijun Fang, Gang An, Yongqiang Wei, Zhen Cai, Sujun Gao, Jianyu Weng, Lijuan Chen, Hongmei Jing, Li Fei, Zhuogang Liu, Xiequn Chen, Jing Liu, Yang Yu, Aihua Wang, Yijun Yang, Zhinuan Yu, Kevin Lynch
Journal: Blood (2021)
Fat‐associated lymphoid clusters as expandable niches for ectopic liver development
Authors: Bing Han, Maria Giovanna Francipane, Amin Cheikhi, Joycelyn Johnson, Fei Chen, Ruoyu Chen, Eric Lagasse
Journal: Hepatology (2021)

Hepatocyte transplantation holds great promise as an alternative approach to whole-organ transplantation. Intraportal and intrasplenic cell infusions are primary hepatocyte transplantation delivery routes for this procedure. However, patients with severe liver diseases often have disrupted liver and spleen architectures, which introduce risks in the engraftment process. We previously demonstrated i.p. injection of hepatocytes as an alternative route of delivery that could benefit this subpopulation of patients, particularly if less invasive and low-risk procedures are required; and we have established that lymph nodes may serve as extrahepatic sites for hepatocyte engraftment. However, whether other niches in the abdominal cavity support the survival and proliferation of the transplanted hepatocytes remains unclear.Here, we showed that hepatocytes transplanted by i.p. injection engraft and generate ectopic liver tissues in fat-associated lymphoid clusters (FALCs), which are adipose tissue-embedded, tertiary lymphoid structures localized throughout the peritoneal cavity. The FALC-engrafted hepatocytes formed functional ectopic livers that rescued tyrosinemic mice from liver failure. Consistently, analyses of ectopic and native liver transcriptomes revealed a selective ectopic compensatory gene expression of hepatic function-controlling genes in ectopic livers, implying a regulated functional integration between the two livers. The lack of FALCs in the abdominal cavity of immunodeficient tyrosinemic mice hindered ectopic liver development, whereas the restoration of FALC formation through bone marrow transplantation restored ectopic liver development in these mice. Accordingly, induced abdominal inflammation increased FALC numbers, which improved hepatocyte engraftment and accelerated the recovery of tyrosinemic mice from liver failure.Abdominal FALCs are essential extrahepatic sites for hepatocyte engraftment after i.p. transplantation and, as such, represent an easy-to-access and expandable niche for ectopic liver regeneration when adequate growth stimulus is present.
In suspected ACS, an unmasked 0/1-h vs. masked 0/3-h hs-cTnT protocol did not differ for death or MI at 1 y
Authors: Heather Murray, Casey Petrie
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2021)

Source Citation Lambrakis K, Papendick C, French JK, et al. Late outcomes of the RAPID-TnT randomized controlled trial: 0/1-hour high-sensitivity troponin T protocol in suspected ACS. Circulation. 2021;144:113-25. 33998255
A Good Night’s Sleep in the Hospital
Authors: Hyung J. Cho, Mitchell Katz
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
ESGE and ESGENA Position Statement on gastrointestinal endoscopy and COVID-19: Updated guidance for the era of vaccines and viral variants
Authors: Ian M. Gralnek, Cesare Hassan, Alanna Ebigbo, Andre Fuchs, Ulrike Beilenhoff, Giulio Antonelli, Raf Bisschops, Marianna Arvanitakis, Pradeep Bhandari, Michael Bretthauer, Michal F. Kaminski, Vicente Lorenzo-Zuniga, Enrique Rodriguez de Santiago, Peter D. Siersema, Tony C. Tham, Konstantinos Triantafyllou, Alberto Tringali, Andrei Voiosu, George Webster, Marjon de Pater, Björn Fehrke, Mario Gazic, Tatjana Gjergek, Siiri Maasen, Wendy Waagenes, Mario Dinis-Ribeiro, Helmut Messmann
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Abbreviations CDC: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ECDC: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control ESGE: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ESGENA: European Society of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Nurses and Associates FFP: filtering facepiece HCP: healthcare professional INAAT: isothermal nucleic acid amplification IDSA: Infectious Diseases Society of America IPC: infection prevention and control PCR: polymerase chain reaction PPE: personal protective equipment SARS-CoV-2: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 WHO: World Health Organization
Errors in Abstract, Key Points, Figures, and a Table
Authors: Joseph Terlizzi, Jonathan Baker, Stephen Goldstone, Justin Arnold, Anne Monroe, Stephen Abbott
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2021)

Sophie Glatt, MD; Gregor B. E. Jemec, MD; Seth Forman, MD; Christopher Sayed, MD; George Schmieder, MD; Jamie Weisman, MD; Robert Rolleri, PharmD; Seth Seegobin, PhD; Dominique Baeten, MD; Lucian Ionescu, MD; Christos C. Zouboulis, MD; Stevan Shaw, PhD
The Fad for Pseudoscience: Pertinent Queries and Musings
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal