tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Atherosclerosis impairs endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation to acetylcholine and thrombin in primates.
Authors: P CFreiman, G GMitchell, D DHeistad, M LArmstrong, D GHarrison
Journal: Circulation Research (1986)

To test the hypothesis that atherosclerosis impairs endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation, we examined the effect of the endothelium-dependent vasodilators acetylcholine and thrombin and the endothelium-independent vasodilator nitroglycerin on iliac arteries from normal cynomolgus monkeys and cynomolgus monkeys with diet-induced atherosclerosis. Rings of iliac artery were suspended in organ chambers at their optimal length for generating tension. After preconstriction with prostaglandin F2 alpha, cumulative concentration-response curves to acetylcholine, thrombin, and nitroglycerin were examined. The presence of endothelium was confirmed in each vessel by scanning electron microscopy. Atherosclerotic vessels showed morphologic evidence of moderate to severe atherosclerosis. Acetylcholine produced a maximal relaxation of 65 +/- 10% in the normal group and 27 +/- 10% in atherosclerotic vessels (P less than 0.05). Thrombin (10.0 U/ml) produced relaxation of 39 +/- 9% in the normal group and 13 +/- 7% in ...
Electrophysiological mechanisms of minoxidil sulfate-induced vasodilation of rabbit portal vein.
Authors: NLeblanc, D WWilde, K DKeef, J RHume
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

The electrophysiological and mechanical properties of the vasodilator minoxidil sulfate (MNXS) were examined in isolated smooth muscle cells and strips from rabbit portal vein. At micromolar concentrations, MNXS inhibited norepinephrine (0.1-1.0 microM)-induced contractions in isolated muscle strips. In isolated cells, norepinephrine caused a dose-dependent depolarization of the resting membrane potential, which was significantly attenuated by MNXS (5 microM); MNXS alone caused a hyperpolarization of the membrane potential. This hyperpolarization was insensitive to Na+-K+ pump blockade by ouabain, but was inhibited by the K+ channel antagonist, tetraethylammonium (20 mM). In voltage-clamp experiments, a resting (background) conductance associated with the resting membrane potential was identified. This conductance, which previously has been shown to be reduced by Ba2+ as well as tetraethylammonium, was increased by MNXS (2 microM). In additional experiments, whole-cell L-type Ca2+ currents were inhibited ...
Characterization of Ex-Vivo PTCH1 Expression Under Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Treatment and Determination of Downstream Effectors Oh Hedgehog Pathway in CML
Authors: Juan Manuel Alonso Dominguez, Alicia Arenas, Pilar Llamas, Diego Velasco, Aránzazu García-Raso, Jose Luis Lopez Lorenzo, Mireia Atance, Rocio N Salgado, Joaquin Martinez Lopez
Journal: Blood (2017)
Comparison of postpacing and exercise-induced myocardial dysfunction during collateral development in conscious dogs.
Authors: TKumada, K PGallagher, ABattler, FWhite, W SKemper, JRoss
Journal: Circulation (1982)

In 10 conscious dogs, a model was developed for studying regional contractile responses in a coronary collateral-dependent bed. Regional myocardial function was compared after terminating a maximum paced rate of 240 beats/min maintained for 3 minutes (postpacing period) with that during telemetry-monitored exercise at comparable heart rates (average 252 +/- 34 beats/min, duration 2.4 minutes) at different times during collateral development. Ultrasonic dimension gauges were used to measure control and ischemic segment (CS and IS) lengths and ischemic zone regional wall thickness (IW). An ameroid constrictor and a Doppler flow probe were placed around the left circumflex coronary artery, and pacing electrodes were sutured to the right ventricle. An average of 23 days postoperatively, coronary obstruction was complete. Studies at that time showed that percent shortening (% delta L) of IS and percent wall thickening (% delta W) of IW decreased after pacing to 57% and 35% of control, respectively, and during ...
Systolic direct ventricular interaction affects left ventricular contraction and relaxation in the intact dog circulation.
Authors: B KSlinker, YGoto, M MLeWinter
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Changes in right ventricular systolic function directly influence left ventricular systolic function. Most of our knowledge of this systolic direct ventricular interaction comes from studies of isolated hearts, which suggest that changes in right ventricular size only affect left ventricular systolic function at low pressures and volumes. However, almost nothing is known about systolic direct ventricular interaction in a heart functioning in situ as a part of the intact circulation. We used sudden constriction of the pulmonary artery to assess the immediate effect of a change in right ventricular pressure and contraction pattern on left ventricular contraction and relaxation on the beat following the pulmonary artery constriction in anesthetized open-chest dogs. By focusing on this first beat, we were able to avoid the confounding effect of series ventricular interaction, which changes left ventricular filling and, thus, indirectly influences left ventricular function. At baseline left ventricular end-dia...
Cardiology and big data: a call for papers
Authors: Stuart Spencer, Rupa Sarkar
Journal: The Lancet Digital Health (2021)

The Lancet and The Lancet Digital Health are seeking research Articles on big data and cardiology. We are interested in research that uses artificial intelligence to analyse data, such as echocardiograms, electrocardiograms, and physiological measurements from wearable devices, to predict risk factors and provide recommendations for early diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. We welcome submissions for consideration to both journals and we will consider high-quality original research papers that have the potential to influence clinical practice, especially those that describe the results of randomised trials and interdisciplinary research that provide a deeper understanding of diagnosis, management, and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. If your paper is accepted, online first publication can be scheduled to coincide with presentation at a relevant conference, such as the American Heart Association Scientific Sessions on Nov 13–15, 2021. Please submit your paper via the online submission system for The Lancet or The Lancet Digital Health and state in your covering letter that the submission is in response to this call for papers. The deadline for submissions is May 31, 2021. We declare no competing interests. Cardiology and big data: a call for papersThe Lancet and The Lancet Digital Health are seeking research Articles on big data and cardiology. We are interested in research that uses artificial intelligence to analyse data, such as echocardiograms, electrocardiograms, and physiological measurements from wearable devices, to predict risk factors and provide recommendations for early diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. We welcome submissions for consideration to both journals and we will consider high-quality original research papers that have the potential to influence clinical practice, especially those that describe the results of randomised trials and interdisciplinary research that provide a deeper understanding of diagnosis, management, and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Full-Text PDF
Responsible Research with Human Tissues: The Need for Reciprocity Toward Both Collectives and Individuals
Authors: Michael A. Lensink, Karin R. Jongsma, Sarah N. Boers, Johannes J. M. van Delden, Annelien L. Bredenoord
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2021)

This article is referred to by:Response to Open Peer Commentaries: Distinguishing the "Gift" from "Donation" as a Path toward Reciprocity and Relational Ethics
Delayed afterdepolarizations and triggered activity in ventricular muscle from rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes.
Authors: CNordin, EGilat, R SAronson
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

Previous studies have shown that myocardium of the diabetic rat has impaired myoplasmic calcium metabolism. Delayed afterdepolarizations and triggered activity are potentiated by conditions believed to increase intracellular calcium concentration therefore, we performed this study to investigate the possibility that myocardium of the diabetic rat is more susceptible than normal tissue to develop afterdepolarizations and triggered activity. We used standard microelectrode techniques to record the electrical activity of papillary muscles from hearts of control rats and rats made diabetic with streptozotocin. We compared the response of control and diabetic preparations to conditions presumed to create progressively more severe degrees of myoplasmic calcium loading, viz. perfusion with solutions containing ouabain (5 X 10(-5) M) and increasing concentrations of calcium (2.4, 4.8, 7.2, and 9.6 mM). Our results showed the following. Ventricular muscle from diabetic rats was more prone than normal myocardium to...
Giant Pancreatic Pseudocyst - Drainage With The New 20MM Lumen-Apposing Metal Stent
Authors: C Chálim Rebelo, N Nunes, M Flor de Lima, DB Moura, MP Santos, V Costa Santos, AC Rego, JR Pereira, N Paz, MA Duarte
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

53 years-old-man, with chronic pancreatitis, presents with epigastric pain. CT showed a 15x12cm pseudocyst of the pancreatic tail and body, with some solid debris.
Long-Term Efficacy of a Hepatitis E Vaccine
Authors: Andrew S Azman, Francisco J Luquero, Iza Ciglenecki
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

To the Editor: It may be years before populations that are most vulnerable to hepatitis E infection can benefit from the vaccine described by Zhang et al. (March 5 issue).1 With no effective treatment and little evidence of effective control measures,2 public health practitioners and clinicians are often left powerless while the most vulnerable patients (especially pregnant women) die. Outbreaks of hepatitis E during complex emergencies in Africa have been both large and protracted.3,4 Reactive vaccination may be the most promising tool for attacking such epidemics, especially if a shortened regimen with one or two doses is as effective as clinical data suggest.5 A number of challenges hinder the use of such a vaccine in mass campaigns during outbreaks; these include the bulky packaging, cold-chain requirements, and (most important) the lack of prequalification by the World Health Organization (WHO) (http://apps.who.int/prequal). WHO prequalification would reassure governments and allow international agencies to use the hepatitis E vaccine in settings where it is most needed. We encourage the global health community, including industry, to spare no efforts in making this vaccine a lifesaving reality for the most vulnerable populations. Andrew S. Azman, Ph.D.
Variables predictive of survival in patients with coronary disease. Selection by univariate and multivariate analyses from the clinical, electrocardiographic, exercise, arteriographic, and quantitative angiographic evaluations.
Authors: K EHammermeister, T ADeRouen, H TDodge
Journal: Circulation (1979)

A progression of univariate followed by multivariate analyses was applied to 46 variables selected from the clinical examination, exercise test, coronary arteriography, and quantitative angiographic assessment of left ventricular function in patients with coronary disease to determine those variables most predictive of survival. For the 733 medically treated patients, the final Cox's regression analysis showed that the left ventricular ejection fraction was most predictive of survival, followed by age, number of vessels with stenosis(es) greater than or equal to 70%, and ventricular arrhythmia on the resting electrocardiogram. For the 1870 surgically treated patients, ventricular arrhythmia on the resting electrocardiogram was most predictive of survival followed by ejection fraction, heart murmur, left main coronary artery stenosis greater than or equal to 50%, and use of diuretic agents.
Microneurographic studies of the mechanisms of sympathetic nerve responses to static exercise in humans.
Authors: A LMark, R GVictor, CNerhed, B GWallin
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of muscle afferents and central command in regulating sympathetic nerve activity during static exercise in humans. In 20 healthy subjects, we recorded heart rate, arterial pressure, and efferent sympathetic nerve activity in the leg during arm exercise. Microelectrodes were inserted percutaneously into a fascicle of the peroneal nerve to measure sympathetic discharge to muscle. Measurements were obtained in nine subjects during sustained handgrip (30% maximal voluntary contraction) followed by relaxation or by arrested circulation of the forearm. Heart rate and arterial pressure increased during the first and second minutes of handgrip. Muscle sympathetic nerve activity increased from 261 +/- 46 to 504 +/- 97 units (mean +/- SE; units = burst frequency X amplitude; P less than 0.05) during the second minute of handgrip. During forearm ischemia following handgrip, heart rate returned promptly to control, whereas arterial pressure and muscle sympat...
Ventricular septal rupture: a review of clinical and physiologic features and an analysis of survival.
Authors: M JRadford, R AJohnson, W MDaggett, J TFallon, M JBuckley, H KGold, R CLeinbach
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Forty-one patients with postinfarction ventricular septal rupture were cared for in our hospital during 1971-1975. Cardiogenic shock developed after septal rupture in 55% of these patients. Shock was unrelated to site of infarction, extent of coronary artery disease, left ventricular ejection fraction, or pulmonary-to-systemic flow ratio, but mean pulmonary artery pressure was lower in shock than in nonshock patients. These observations suggest that shock was produced mainly by right ventricular impairment. Perioperative survival was much higher in patients who did not have shock preoperatively (14 of 17 [82+]) than in those who did (three of 11 [27%]). Magnitude of shunt, left ventricular ejection fraction, extent of coronary artery disease, and performance of aortocoronary bypass grafting were not distinctly correlated with perioperative survival. After a minimum 4-year follow-up, 76% of the perioperative survivors are alive, and none suffer more than New York Heart Association functional class II disab...
Noninvasive Doppler determination of cardiac output in man. Clinical validation.
Authors: L LHuntsman, D KStewart, S RBarnes, S BFranklin, J SColocousis, E AHessel
Journal: Circulation (1983)

A noninvasive technique for assessing cardiac output (CO) was evaluated by comparing it with thermodilution determinations in patients in the intensive care unit. The new method uses pulsed ultrasound to measure aortic diameter and continuous-wave Doppler ultrasound to obtain aortic blood velocity. An initial study evaluating just the velocity measurement showed that changes of the Doppler index of output (DI) correlated well with those of thermodilution cardiac output (TDCO). Linear regression analysis yielded delta DI = 0.87 delta TDCO + 0.14 (r = 0.83, n = 95). Using a university research instrument these measurements were possible in 54 of 60 patients (90%). A second study using a prototype commercial device incorporated the diameter measurement. Ultrasonic cardiac output (UCO), calculated as the time integral of velocity multiplied by the aortic area, was compared to TDCO. The data, obtained from 45 of 53 patients (85%), are described by the linear regression UCO = 0.95TDCO + 0.38 (r = 0.94, n = 110)...
Combined effect of neonatal sympathectomy and adrenal demedullation on blood pressure and vascular changes in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Authors: R MLee, K RBorkowski, F HLeenen, JTsoporis, MCoughlin
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Neonatal sympathectomy using a combined treatment with antiserum to nerve growth factor and guanethidine during the first 4 weeks after birth was carried out in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Bilateral adrenal demedullation was performed in 4-week-old sympathectomized SHR and WKY rats. The development of hypertension in SHR was prevented by sympathectomy, but the blood pressure (BP) was still higher than in age-matched WKY rats. Demedullation reduced the BP of sympathectomized SHR to the same level as that of WKY rats. Heart rates of SHR and WKY rats were not affected by the treatments. Morphometric measurements of the mesenteric arteries showed that sympathectomy significantly reduced the medial mass in the mesenteric arteries of SHR, mainly through a reduction in the number of smooth muscle cell layers. In sympathectomized SHR, demedullation increased the lumen size of muscular arteries under maximally relaxed conditions, which might explain the further r...
Regional myocardial sympathetic dysinnervation in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. An analysis using 123I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy.
Authors: TWichter, GHindricks, HLerch, PBartenstein, MBorggrefe, OSchober, GBreithardt
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDIn patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), the frequent provocation of ventricular tachycardia during exercise, the sensitivity toward catecholamines, and the response toward antiarrhythmic drug regimen with antiadrenergic properties suggest an involvement of the sympathetic nervous system in arrhythmogenesis.METHODS AND RESULTSTo analyze the presence, extent, and location of impaired myocardial sympathetic innervation in ARVC, 123I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine (123I-MIBG) scintigraphy was performed in 48 patients with ARVC. For comparison, 9 patients with idiopathic ventricular tachycardia and a control group of 7 patients without heart disease were investigated. In patients with ARVC, the clinical sustained (n = 25; 52%) or nonsustained (n = 23; 48%) ventricular tachycardia originated in the right ventricular outflow tract in 38 patients (79%), whereas in the remaining 10 patients (21%), the site of origin was the apical (n = 5) or inferior (n = 5) right ventricle. In...
Estimation of acute myocardial infarct size in man by serum CK-MB measurements.
Authors: PGrande, B FHansen, CChristiansen, JNaestoft
Journal: Circulation (1982)

This study was performed to determine the relationship between myocardial infarct size estimated by serum CK-MB methods and the extent of irreversible injury in acute myocardial infarction. In 321 consecutive patients, infarct size was estimated by different mathematical models, and in 22 patients who died in hospital, the extent of myocardial necrosis was determined by autopsy. We also investigated the depletion of CK-MB in infarcted tissue, the recovery of CK-MB in the plasma volume, and the estimation of CK-MB from plasma. Myocardial CK-MB depletion was relatively greater in the larger infarcts, whereas the recovery of enzyme in plasma was independent of the infarct size. Correction of serum CK-MB for changes in plasma volume improved the estimate significantly (p less than 0.05). The correlation between the measured infarct size (g) and the estimated infarct size (units per liter and gram-equivalents) was highly significant (r = 0.85--0.89, SEE = 23--27%, p less than 0.001). Thus, a semiquantitative e...
Mid-Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients Treated With Direct Oral Anticoagulants: a “New” Threat On Capsule Endoscopy?
Authors: V Macedo Silva, M Freitas, C Arieira, S Xavier, P Boal Carvalho, B Rosa, MJ Moreira, J Cotter
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have recently become a widespread alternative in anticoagulant therapy. Nevertheless, concerns are raised about their safety, with increased gastrointestinal bleeding rates being described for these agents when compared to classic anticoagulants. There are few studies regarding the effect of DOACs on small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) findings. We aimed to assess if the detection rate of lesions with high bleeding potential (P2 lesions according to Saurin classification) on SBCE was significantly different in patients treated with DOACs when compared to non-anticoagulated patients and to patients anticoagulated with other agents (low molecular weight heparin and warfarin).
Monitoring of fibrin generation during thrombolytic therapy of acute myocardial infarction with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator.
Authors: H JRapold, HKuemmerli, MWeiss, HBaur, AHaeberli
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Fibrinopeptide A (FPA) is a very sensitive marker of fibrin generation in vivo. Because an imbalance between thrombogenic and thrombolytic forces may be responsible for the failure to recanalize and for reocclusion of coronary arteries, such a marker could be of eminent value during thrombolytic treatment of acute myocardial infarction. Thirty-four consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction (peak creatine kinase level, 1,869 +/- 1,543 IU/l) were treated with 100 mg recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) 3.1 +/- 1.1 hours after onset of chest pain. Angiography 12.5 +/- 6.1 days later revealed an 81% patency rate of the infarct-related vessel. FPA plasma levels (normal, 1.9 +/- 0.5 ng/ml) were 34 +/- 46 ng/ml on admission and 93 +/- 86 ng/ml (538 +/- 674% with respect to each patient's admission level) after 90 minutes of rt-PA infusion (p less than 0.01). In patients without evidence of reocclusion (including three primary failures), FPA levels fell under continuous heparin infusi...
Measurement of regional myocardial blood flow with multiple colored microspheres.
Authors: PKowallik, RSchulz, B DGuth, ASchade, WPaffhausen, RGross, GHeusch
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDThe use of radioactive microspheres (RM) for the measurement of regional myocardial blood flow (RMBF) is limited and inaccessible to many investigators due to radiation safety concerns and radioactive waste disposal problems. Therefore, a new method for the measurement of RMBF using colored microspheres (CM) was developed.METHODS AND RESULTSPolystyrene spheres (diameter, 15 +/- 0.1 [SD] micron; density, 1.09 g/ml) were dyed with one of five colors. With the injection of CM into the left atrium or into a coronary perfusion line, RMBF and its distribution can be determined. CM are extracted from the myocardium and blood by digestion with potassium hydroxide and subsequent microfiltration. The dyes are then recovered from the CM within a defined volume of a solvent, and their concentrations are determined by spectrophotometry. The separation of composite absorbance spectra by spectrophotometry with the CM technique was as good as the separation of energy spectra by a gamma-counter using the RM tech...
Effects of nifedipine on systemic and regional oxygen transport and metabolism at rest and during exercise.
Authors: C YChoong, G SRoubin, W FShen, P JHarris, D TKelly
Journal: Circulation (1985)

In a placebo-controlled, randomized, cross-over, double-blind study of 12 patients with stable exertional angina, we measured at rest and during bicycle exercise the effects of 20 mg of nifedipine administered sublingually on hemodynamics and systemic and regional oxygen extraction and metabolism. Nifedipine decreased systemic vascular resistance by 38% at rest (p less than .001) and by 28% during exercise (p less than .001). Cardiac output increased from 4.6 +/- 0.6 to 6.0 +/- 0.9 liters/min (p less than .001) at rest after nifedipine and from 10.6 +/- 3.7 to 11.8 +/- 3.4 liters/min (p less than .005) during exercise. After nifedipine, the arterial-mixed venous O2 content difference decreased from 4.7 +/- 0.6 to 3.5 +/- 0.5 ml/100 ml (p less than .001) at rest and from 10.5 +/- 1.7 to 8.8 +/- 1.6 ml/100 ml (p less than .001) during exercise. After nifedipine the arterial-iliac venous O2 content difference also decreased at rest, from 5.9 +/- 1.5 to 4.8 +/- 1.7 ml/100 ml (p = .06) but increased during exe...