tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Accident Prevention
Authors: J. R. Cameron
Journal: BMJ (1970)

<h3>Objective</h3> To determine the effect of erenumab, a human monoclonal antibody targeting the calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor, on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), headache impact, and disability in patients with chronic migraine (CM). <h3>Methods</h3> In this double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 667 adults with CM were randomized (3:2:2) to placebo or erenumab (70 or 140 mg monthly). Exploratory endpoints included migraine-specific HRQoL (Migraine-Specific Quality-of-Life Questionnaire [MSQ]), headache impact (Headache Impact Test–6 [HIT-6]), migraine-related disability (Migraine Disability Assessment [MIDAS] test), and pain interference (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System [PROMIS] Pain Interference Scale short form 6b). <h3>Results</h3> Improvements were observed for all endpoints in both erenumab groups at month 3, with greater changes relative to placebo observed at month 1 for many outcomes. All 3 MSQ domains were improved from baseline with treatment differences for both doses exceeding minimally important differences established for MSQ–role function-restrictive (≥3.2) and MSQ–emotional functioning (≥7.5) and for MSQ–role function-preventive (≥4.5) for erenumab 140 mg. Changes from baseline in HIT-6 scores at month 3 were −5.6 for both doses vs −3.1 for placebo. MIDAS scores at month 3 improved by −19.4 days for 70 mg and −19.8 days for 140 mg vs −7.5 days for placebo. Individual-level minimally important difference was achieved by larger proportions of erenumab-treated participants than placebo for all MSQ domains and HIT-6. Lower proportions of erenumab-treated participants had MIDAS scores of severe (≥21) or very severe (≥41) or PROMIS scores ≥60 at month 3. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Erenumab-treated patients with CM experienced clinically relevant improvements across a broad range of patient-reported outcomes. <h3>Clinicaltrials.gov identifier</h3> NCT02066415. <h3>Classification of evidence</h3> This study provides Class II evidence that for patients with CM, erenumab treatment improves HRQoL, headache impact, and disability.
The Treatment of Fractures.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Parallel 9: Regulation and Dysregulation of Hepatic Regeneration
Authors: Sathish Kumar, Cody Wehrkamp, Ashley Mohr, Mary Smith, Sizhao Lu, Dee Harrison-Findik, Justin Mott, Duygu Dee, Fadi Jaber
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients have elevated plasma saturated free fatty acid (FFA) levels.We had recently demonstrated the critical role of FoxO3 and its downstream target, PUMA in FFA-induced cholangiocyte lipoapoptosis and provided insights for biliary damage in a subset of NAFLD patients.Here, we explored whether miR-34a have a role in cholangiocyte lipoapoptosis.Methods: Apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL, characteristic nuclear morphology staining with DAPI, and caspase 3/7 activity assay.miR-34a levels were measured using quantitative real time-PCR.FoxO3, cleaved PARP, cleaved caspase 3 and miR-34a target expression was examined by Western blot.Results: Treatment of cholangiocytes with palmitate (PA) showed 7-20 fold increase in caspase3/7 activity in normal immortalized cholangiocytes, H69 and cell lines derived from cholangiocarcinoma, KMCH, Mz-ChA-1 and HuCCT cells.PA treatment also resulted in a dramatic increase in the levels of caspase cleaved products such as cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase 3 suggesting cholangiocyte lipoapoptosis.Interestingly, treatment with PA significantly increased levels of miR-34a in cholangiocytes and hepatocyte cell line, Huh7.PA-induced increase in miR-34a levels were abolished in cholangiocytes transduced with FoxO3 shRNA, implicating that miR-34a is a transcriptional target of FoxO3.Further, cholangiocytes transfected with anti-miR-34a were protected from PA-induced lipoapoptosis suggesting a major role for miR-34a.Further, direct and indirect targets of miR34a such as Sirt1, receptor tyrosine kinase (cMET), Kruppel like factor 4 (KLF4), fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR1 and 4) were all decreased in PA-treated cholangiocytes.In addition, our data also shows that cholangiocyte apoptosis and miR-34a are dramatically increased in the liver from mice fed with high-fat high-sucrose for 3 months compared to control fed animals.In conclusion, PA induces the expression of proapoptotic miR-34a via FoxO3 and increased miR-34a levels results in targeting protein deacetylase Sirt1 and anti-apoptotic proteins like cMET and KLF4 resulting in cholangiocyte lipoapoptosis.
Study of Antithyroid Effect of Tolbutamide
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Book Review Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Disease . Volume XXI. The Diseases of the Basal Ganglia. Proceedings of the Association, December 20 and 21, 1940, New York City. 8°, cloth, 719 pp., with 268 illustrations and 15 tables. Baltimore: The Williams and Wilkins Company, 1942. $10.00.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1942)
HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM.
Authors: CHARLES ROSEWATER
Journal: JAMA (1906)

By this term is usually meant that aggravated uncontrollable form of vomiting of pregnancy which resists local as well as constitutional treatment, and which so reduces the patient's vitality that it very seriously endangers her life. Occasionally, deaths directly due to this cause have been reported, so that a very serious and difficult problem confronts the physician who has charge of such a case. A large number of these patients abort as the result of the irritation of the uterus caused by the violent fits of retching and vomiting; this relieves by removing the source of the irritation. The lives of a number of these patients may be maintained for a time by rectal alimentation, but, unfortunately, by many this mode of feeding is not borne very well, especially if it must be kept up for a long time. Realizing, however, that the vomiting of pregnancy usually abates toward the
Gentamicin dosing errors with four commonly used nomograms
Authors: T. S. Lesar
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Four methods for calculating gentamicin sulfate dosage requirements were evaluated in 96 patients and compared with an individualized method. The pharmacokinetic parameters of gentamicin were determined from serum concentration time data and used to calculate individualized dosage regimens. Doses were determined in each patient using the "predictive methods" (Sarubbi-Hull, Dettli, "rule of eights," and Chan). Resultant serum concentrations were calculated from doses arrived at by each method. These dosing methods resulted in a large proportion of patients with subtherapeutic or potentially toxic concentrations, or both. The Dettli and Chan methods produced therapeutic concentrations in more patients than the Sarubbi-Hull and rule of eights methods. Desired therapeutic concentrations were attained in significantly more patients with the individualized method than with the predictive methods, and, in addition, larger doses were required. The use of predictive dosage methods should be followed with serum concentration determinations and dosage adjustment to ensure therapeutic concentrations early in treatment. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;248:1190-1193)
Still 'Dark Ages' for neurofibromatosis
Authors: H. Carswell
Journal: JAMA (1982)

An estimated 80,000 Americans are believed to have neurofibromatosis (NF), which occurs in one of every 3,000 live births. Inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, the progressive disorder shows no discrimination in its sex, racial, or ethnic distribution. Approximately half the cases are new mutations, making NF possibly one of the most common mutations in man. Says geneticist Angela Obringer, PhD, of the neurofibromatosis clinic at Children's Hospital, Philadelphia: "Clinicians must now realize that NF ranks right up there with the more commonly recognized genetic disorders causing congenital anomalies and mental retardation." Although much remains<i>un</i>known about the disorder, one known is the relatively high risk of malignancy. In the pediatric population, for example, NF is considered the most common genetic condition predisposing children to the development of cancer, according to pediatric oncologist Anna T. Meadows, MD, co-director of the Philadelphia clinic. Meadows has done a survey of 5,000
Diseases of the Chest, Chicago
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Occupational and Take-Home Lead Poisoning Associated With Restoring Chemically Stripped Furniture--California, 1998
Journal: JAMA (2001)

The Occupational Lead Poisoning Prevention Program (OLPPP) of the California Department of Health Services and a county health department investigated cases of lead poisoning in six furniture workers and their families in 1998. The investigation, initiated after a blood test of a worker's child revealed an elevated blood lead level (BLL), found that lead remaining in previously painted or coated stripped wood was carried from the workplace on clothes and shoes and was the source of the child's lead exposure and subsequent poisoning. Employers in industries in which workers restore or build using stripped wood should assess lead exposure and, when necessary, should establish a comprehensive lead safety program.
THE PHONOGRAPH IN AUSCULTATION.
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
From trades to professions
Authors: Nick Black
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2007)

This is the last of four articles that provides the background to one of the walks in a new book, Walking London's Medical History, which aims to tell the story of how health services developed, to help preserve our legacy of buildings and to inform current debates about health care. Walking London's Medical History is available from the RSM Press website: http://www.rsmpress.co.uk/bkblack2.htm
Abstract 3346: The role of insurance on mammogram adherence among Latina ethnicity and citizenship status
Authors: Roman B. Johnson, Sejong Bae
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Introduction: Cancer screening researchers have long observed that Latinas are less likely to be mammogram adherent, but little is understood how this varies by citizenship status. Methods: Logistic regression analysis. The sample size was weighed according to CDC specifications. There were 1002 latina women in the sample. The 2016 National Health Interview Survey was utilized. Results: Compared to naturalized Latina women, both U.S. citizen and non-citizen Latina women are less likely to be mammogram adherent (p&amp;lt;0.05). Insurance status attenuated the relationship between Latina ethnicity and mammogram adherence. For those who have a private insurance and other insurance, they were significantly more likely to be mammogram adherence (p&amp;lt;0.05). Findings: Cancer screening researchers benefit from disaggregating Latina ethnicity by citizenship status to develop more tailored interventions regarding mammogram adherence in this population. This study points to the need for policy makers to advocate for Latina populations impacted by insurance coverage disparities. Citation Format: Roman B. Johnson, Sejong Bae. The role of insurance on mammogram adherence among Latina ethnicity and citizenship status [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3346.
Erratum: Host non-inflammatory neutrophils mediate the engraftment of bioengineered vascular networks
Authors: Ruei-Zeng Lin, Chin Nien Lee, Rafael Moreno-Luna, Joseph Neumeyer, Breanna Piekarski, Pingzhu Zhou, Marsha A. Moses, Monisha Sachdev, William T. Pu, Sitaram Emani, Juan M. Melero-Martin
Journal: Nature Biomedical Engineering (2017)
Obituary Listing
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Use of cardiac pacemakers in Britain
Authors: E. Sowton
Journal: BMJ (1977)

have been adequately tested in prostatic cancer.3 4 Such little experience with chemotherapy in prostatic cancer is regrettable since it is the only method potentially capable of killing tumour cells disseminated in most areas of the body.At present, since we are able by staging techniques to detect only cell numbers of greater than 1000 million, the need for a trial comparing local or regional therapy versus local therapy plus systemic therapy with drugs shown to be occasionally effective in prostatic cancer, such as cyclophosphamide, nitrogen mustard, 5-fluorouracil, and possibly adriamy- cin,5 6 is overwhelming.Since it is now known that adjuvant chemotherapy protocols can be given perfectly safely' 9 there is a priority for a logical trial integrating chemotherapy with local treatment to see if the survival time in these cancers can be increased.
Abstract 764: MicroRNA-1205 contributes to the risk of castration-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Wen Wen, Yicun Wang, Yue Zhang, Xuelian Cui, Xiaoguang M. Liu, Runhua Liu
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Although death rates for prostate cancer are down about 50% as a result of improvements in early detection and treatment, it is still the second leading cause of death (26,120 cases) for American men. However, the genetic mechanism underlying the development and progression of prostate cancer remains poorly understood. It is therefore important to identify the genetic risk factors for prostate cancer. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) showed evidence for an association of prostate cancer risk with independent genetic variants on chromosome 8q24, conferring prostate cancer susceptibility at this locus. Nevertheless, at the locus with these genetic variants, no specific gene has been identified as responsible for the risk of prostate cancer. At 8q24.21, there is a long-range interaction of these genetic variants with c-MYC or long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in a tissue-specific manner, including prostate, suggesting master genetic factors at 8q24.21 that contribute to this genetic risk. The chromosome 8q24.21 locus, which contains the proto-oncogene c-MYC, long non-coding RNA PVT1, and microRNAs (miRs), is the most commonly amplified region in human prostate cancer. Here, the copy numbers and expressions of miRs-1204~1208 were investigated using quantitative PCR for prostate cancer cell lines and primary tumors. The data revealed that copy numbers and expression of miR-1205 were increased in both castration-resistant prostate cancer cell lines and primary tumors. In castration-resistant prostate cancer specimens, the copy number at the miR-1205 locus correlated with expression of miR-1205. Furthermore, functional analysis with a miR-1205 mimic, a miR-1205 inhibitor, and CRISPR/Cas9 knockout revealed that, in human prostate cancer cells, miR-1205 promoted cell proliferation and cell cycle progression but not apoptosis. In these cells, miR-1205 downregulated expression of the Egl-9 family hypoxia inducible factor 3 (EGLN3) gene and targeted a site in its 3’-untranslated region to downregulate its transcriptional activity. Thus, by targeting EGLN3, miR-1205 has an oncogenic role and may contribute to the genetic risk of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Wen Wen, Yicun Wang, Yue Zhang, Xuelian Cui, Xiaoguang M. Liu, Runhua Liu. MicroRNA-1205 contributes to the risk of castration-resistant prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 764.
Endoscopic Ultrasound guided Celiac Ganglion Irradiation with Iodine-125 Seeds in Patients with Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer:Results of a Pilot Trial
Authors: Wang Kai-Xuan, Jin Zhen-Dong, Liu Yan, Wang Dong, Zhan Xian-bao, Chen Jie, Li Zhao-Shen
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Aims: Celiac plexus neurolysis and block are considered safe but provide limited pain relief. The recent recognition that celiac ganglia can be visualized by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) now allows direct injection into celiac ganglia for neurolysis (CGN). Radioactive rays have a definite injurious effect on neural tissues.
Quantitation and Identification of Organic N-Chloramines Formed in Stomach Fluid on Ingestion of Aqueous Hypochlorite
Authors: Frank E. Scully, Katherine Mazina, Daniel Sonenshine, Frederick Kopfler
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

The chemical reactions that hypochlorite undergoes in the body when chlorinated water is ingested have received very little attention. Because amino nitrogen compounds are important components of the average diet, the reactions of hypochlorite with amino compounds in the stomach were investigated. Stomach fluid was recovered from Sprague-Dawley rats that had been fasted for 48 hr and administered 4 mL deionized water. The chlorine demand of the stomach fluid was determined. An average volume-independent demand of 2.7 mg chlorine was measured. At doses below 40 mg/L chlorine reducing reactions appeared to account for reduction of all oxidizing species within 15 min as measured by the FAS-DPD titrimetric method. At least part of the chlorine demand is associated with amino acids present in the stomach fluid. Amino acids were identified and quantified in the stomach fluid by precolumn derivatization with o-phthalaldehyde and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). When stomach fluid is chlorinated to concentrations of chlorine between 200 and 1000 mg/L, organic N-chloramines are formed. After derivatization of chlorinated stomach fluid with dansyl sulfinic acid, fluorescent derivatives of chloramines were separated by HPLC. Three chloramino acid derivatives, N-chloroalanine, N-chloroglycine, and N-chlorophenylalanine, were identified by cochromatography with known standards using two chromatographic methods. The yield of a chloramine that would form in stomach fluid on administration of hypochlorite to animals was determined using tritiated piperidine and doses of 200 and 1000 mg/L chlorine. Yields of tritiated N-chloropiperidine in recovered stomach fluid were 70% and 42%, respectively, of the theoretical amount expected.