tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Gift
Authors: Michael A. Grassi
Journal: JAMA (1996)

There ought to be behind the door of every happy, contented man someone standing with a hammer continually reminding him with a tap that there are unhappy people; that however happy he may be, life will show him her claws sooner or later, trouble will come for him—disease, poverty, losses, and no one will see or hear, just as now he neither sees nor hears others. Anton Chekhov,<i>Gooseberries</i> We moved to Chicago from Bayfield, Wisconsin, in 1931. Those were tough times. No family. No job. No money. No help. Maybe it was partly our own doing. You see, Elsie became pregnant while we were still dating. I did not have much of a family to speak of. My mother died when I was 5, and while my father housed and fed me and my brothers, he did nothing more. Elsie's family was big and stable. Her father had a
Associations Between Unprocessed Red Meat and Processed Meat With Risk of Recurrence and Mortality in Patients With Stage III Colon Cancer
Authors: Erin L. Van Blarigan, Fang-Shu Ou, Tiffany M. Bainter, Charles S. Fuchs, Donna Niedzwiecki, Sui Zhang, Leonard B. Saltz, Robert J. Mayer, Alexander Hantel, Al B. Benson, Daniel Atienza, Michael Messino, Hedy L. Kindler, Alan P. Venook, Shuji Ogino, Hanna K. Sanoff, Edward L. Giovannucci, Kimmie Ng, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

<h3>Importance</h3> The American Cancer Society and American Institute for Cancer Research recommend that cancer survivors limit intake of red and processed meats. This recommendation is based on consistent associations between red and processed meat intake and cancer risk, particularly risk of colorectal cancer, but fewer data are available on red and processed meat intake after cancer diagnosis. <h3>Objectives</h3> To examine whether intake of unprocessed red meat or processed meat is associated with risk of cancer recurrence or mortality in patients with colon cancer. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This prospective cohort study used data from participants with stage III colon cancer enrolled in the Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB 89803/Alliance) trial between 1999 and 2001. The clinical database for this analysis was frozen on November 9, 2009; the current data analyses were finalized in December 2021. <h3>Exposures</h3> Quartiles of unprocessed red meat and processed meat intake assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire during and 6 months after chemotherapy. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for risk of cancer recurrence or death and all-cause mortality. <h3>Results</h3> This study was conducted among 1011 patients with stage III colon cancer. The median (IQR) age at enrollment was 60 (51-69) years, 442 patients (44%) were women, and 899 patients (89%) were White. Over a median (IQR) follow-up period of 6.6 (1.9-7.5) years, we observed 305 deaths and 81 recurrences without death during follow-up (386 events combined). Intake of unprocessed red meat or processed meat after colon cancer diagnosis was not associated with risk of recurrence or mortality. The multivariable HRs comparing the highest vs lowest quartiles for cancer recurrence or death were 0.84 (95% CI, 0.58-1.23) for unprocessed red meat and 1.05 (95% CI, 0.75-1.47) for processed meat. For all-cause mortality, the corresponding HRs were 0.71 (95% CI, 0.47-1.07) for unprocessed red meat and 1.04 (95% CI, 0.72-1.51) for processed meat. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this cohort study, postdiagnosis intake of unprocessed red meat or processed meat was not associated with risk of recurrence or death among patients with stage III colon cancer.
IOIBD Recommendations for Clinical Trials in Ulcerative Proctitis: The PROCTRIAL Consensus
Authors: Bénédicte Caron, Maria T Abreu, Corey A Siegel, Remo Panaccione, Bruce E Sands, Axel Dignass, Dan Turner, Iris Dotan, Ailsa L Hart, Vineet Ahuja, Matthieu Allez, Ashwin N Ananthakrishnan, Subrata Ghosh, Anne M Griffiths, Jonas Halfvarson, Arthur Kaser, Paulo G Kotze, Ioannis E Koutroubakis, Peter L Lakatos, Arie Levine, James D Lewis, Fernando Magro, Gerassimos J Mantzaris, Colm O'Morain, Zhihua Ran, Walter Reinisch, Gerhard Rogler, David B Sachar, Britta Siegmund, Mark S Silverberg, Ajit Sood, Antonino Spinelli, Flavio Steinwurz, Curt Tysk, Jesus K Yamamoto-Furusho, Stefan Schreiber, David T Rubin, William J Sandborn, Silvio Danese, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2022)
Abstract 192: Pressure Methods for Primary Hemorrhage Control
Authors: Nathan P Charlton, Robert Solberg, Justin Rizer, Eunice Singletary, William Woods
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Hemorrhage is the primary cause of death in 35% of traumatic mortalities. However, guidelines give little guidance regarding the best method of applying direct pressure including the mechanics of applying the pressure. Hypothesis: The purpose of this study is to compare the force generated using different techniques of force application. Additionally, we aimed to measure the pressure generated by a pressure wrap using two commonly used types of bandages in comparison to manual pressure. Methods: In this IRB approved study, subjects were recruited as a convenience sample of medical providers during a weekly medical conference. A standardized bleeding simulator (Z-Medica) with a flat force sensitive resistor was used in this study to measure force. Subjects were randomized to application order of each of the following techniques: the finger pads of 3 digits of the right hand, 3 fingers of the right hand with the opposing hand applying counter pressure, or 3 digits of each of two hands on top of the other. The subjects were asked to hold pressure at each application for 10 seconds and all completed each method sequentially. Subjects then applied a compression wrap using either an elastic wrap or self-adhesive wrap. Researchers were not blinded during data collection, but data analysts were blinded to the groups. Results: Thirty-three subjects were enrolled and all had data available for analysis. Twenty-two were residents, 11 attending physicians, 22 were male, and the average age was 34.2 years (range 26-63). Two hand pressure application generated the most amount of force averaging a constant of 3.75 (SD 1.54) lbs. This was statistically different from one hand application which generated an average of 3.00 (SD 1.29) lbs of force (p &lt;0.001). Comparison of opposing hands to single hand and two hands to opposing hands did not reach statistical significance. Neither pressure wrap technique generated a comparable amount of force to that of manual pressure [0.70 (SD 0.49) lbs vs 1 hand with 10 4x4” gauze pads (p &lt;0.001)]. Conclusions: In this model of bleeding, medical personnel generated the most force when two hands were used to apply pressure over the wound. This study also demonstrated direct manual pressure generated much higher pressures than a pressure dressing.
Biomaterial-induced pathway modulation for bone regeneration
Authors: Steven Vermeulen, Zeinab Tahmasebi Birgani, Pamela Habibovic
Journal: Biomaterials (2022)

Embryogenic developmental processes involve a tightly controlled regulation between mechanical forces and biochemical cues such as growth factors, matrix proteins, and cytokines. This interplay remains essential in the mature body, with aberrant pathway signaling leading to abnormalities such as atherosclerosis in the cardiovascular system, inflammation in tendon tissue, or osteoporosis in the bone. The aim of bone regenerative strategies is to develop tools and procedures that will harness the body's own self-repair ability in order to successfully regenerate even very large and complex bone defects and restore normal function. To achieve this, understanding pathways that govern processes of progenitor differentiation towards the osteogenic lineages, their phenotypical maintenance, and the construction of functional bone tissue is imperative to subsequently develop regenerative therapies that mimic these processes. While a body of literature exists that describes how biochemical stimuli guide cell behavior in the culture dish, due to the lack of an appropriate mechanical environment, these signals are often insufficient or inappropriate for achieving a desirable response in the body. Moreover, bone regenerative therapies rarely rely on a biochemical stimulus, such as a growth factor alone, and instead often comprise a carrier biomaterial that introduces a very different microenvironment from that of a cell culture dish. Therefore, in this review, we discuss which biomaterials elicit or influence pathways relevant for bone regeneration and describe mechanisms behind these effects, with the aim to inspire the development of novel, more effective bone regenerative therapies.
Cholesterol and Mortality
Authors: Keaven M. Anderson
Journal: JAMA (1987)

From 1951 to 1955 serum cholesterol levels were measured in 1959 men and 2415 women aged between 31 and 65 years who were free of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer. Under age 50 years, cholesterol levels are directly related with 30-year overall and CVD mortality; overall death increases 5% and CVD death 9% for each 10 mg/dL. After age 50 years there is no increased overall mortality with either high or low serum cholesterol levels. There is a direct association between falling cholesterol levels over the first 14 years and mortality over the following 18 years (11% overall and 14% CVD death rate increase per 1 mg/dL per year drop in cholesterol levels). Under age 50 years these data suggest that having a very low cholesterol level improves longevity. After age 50 years the association of mortality with cholesterol values is confounded by people whose cholesterol levels are falling—perhaps due to diseases predisposing to death. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;257:2176-2180)
Isolated anemia in patients with large granular lymphocytic leukemia (LGLL)
Authors: Youssef Salama, Fang Zhao, Jennifer L. Oliveira, Ji Yuan, Dragan Jevremovic, Ronald S. Go, Wei Ding, Sameer A. Parikh, Mithun V. Shah, Paul J. Hampel, Aref Al-Kali, William G. Morice, Min Shi
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2022)

Abstract Patients with large granular lymphocytic leukemia (LGLL) frequently present with neutropenia. When present, anemia is usually accompanied by neutropenia and/or thrombocytopenia and isolated anemia is uncommon. We evaluated a cohort of 244 LGLL patients spanning 15 years and herein report the clinicopathologic features of 34 (14%) with isolated anemia. The patients with isolated anemia showed a significantly male predominance ( p = 0.001), a lower level of hemoglobulin ( p &lt; 0.0001) and higher MCV ( p = 0.017) and were less likely to have rheumatoid arthritis ( p = 0.023) compared to the remaining 210 patients. Of the 34 LGLL patients with isolated anemia, 13 (38%) presented with pure red cell aplasia (PRCA), markedly decreased reticulocyte count and erythroid precursors, and more transfusion-dependence when compared to non-PRCA patients. There was no other significant clinicopathologic difference between PRCA and non-PRCA patients. 32 patients were followed for a median duration of 51 months (6–199). 24 patients were treated (11/11 PRCA and 13/21 non-PRCA patients, p &lt; 0.02). The overall response rate to first-line therapy was 83% [8/11 (72.7%) for PRCA, 12/13 (92.3%) for non-PRCA], including 14 showing complete response and 6 showing partial response with a median response duration of 48 months (12–129). Half of non-PRCA patients who were observed experienced progressive anemia. During follow-up, no patients developed neutropenia; however, 5/27 (18.5%) patients developed thrombocytopenia. No significant difference in overall survival was noted between PRCA and non-PRCA patients. In summary, this study demonstrates the unique features of LGLL with isolated anemia and underscores the importance of recognizing LGLL as a potential cause of isolated anemia, which may benefit from disease-specific treatment. LGLL patients with PRCA were more likely to require treatment but demonstrated similar clinicopathologic features, therapeutic responses, and overall survival compared to isolated anemia without PRCA, suggesting PRCA and non-PRCA of T-LGLL belong to a common disease spectrum.
Unfulfilled expectations in cerebral abscess.
Journal: BMJ (1969)

PointersIntracranial Abscess: Incorrect localization and inadequate use of antibiotics were chief reasons for 40% mortality in 200 cases.Site of E.N.T. sepsis, ventriculography, and scanning were most valuable localizing signs, and penicillin con- tinues to be the most useful antibiotic (p.7); Leader this page.Placental Transfusion: Low residual placental volumes in asphyxiated infants (p.11).Diguanides in Obesity: A statistically signi- ficant difference in weight change observed in double blind trial of 77 women with refractory obesity and normal glucose tolerance, but weight-losing influence appeared to be no longer significant after 12th week of treatment (p.13).Clotting and Dialysis: Rigidity and thickening of vessel wall responsible for failure of longterm shunts (p.15).Folate and B12: Serum folate level was raised in seven patients with acute renal failure, but was lower than normal in eight patients with chronic failure.During dialysis levels fell in both groups.In acute and chronic failure serum B12 level was raised, but did not change consistently with dialysis (p.18).Brain Stem Tumours: History of relapses and remissions in three patients was probably due to oedema and necrosis (p.21).Napkin Rash: Study indicates that C. albicans is a common secondary invader, but primary candida infection of the skin in the napkin area is probably uncommon (p.23).Pernicious Anaemia: Three members of one family affected (p. 27).Mortality from Asthma: Role of disodium cromoglycate in sudden death of 14-year-old boy (p.29).Case Reports: Positive Paul-Bunnell in lympho- sarcoma (p.31); Ulcerative colitis with auto- immune haemolytic anaemia (p.31).
SCHOOLS OF THE ASCLEPIADS
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
SUCCESSFUL TRANSPLANTATION OF A HUMAN CADAVER KIDNEY
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Rehabilitation.
Authors: P R Vickers
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Manipulation trialsSIR,-Every doctor and most laymen are well aware of patients who have been treated for backache for months, even years, within the NHS and have finally been adjured to "live with it."A proportion of such patients secured rapid relief from a lay manipulator.It was this well-recognised fact that let me teach spinal manipulation (among other techniques) to my physiotherapy students from 1940 to 1970.The intention was that those who needed this treatment should get it immediately, from skilled personnel, and in full view within the hospital rather than wander off in the end on their own to try their luck with some self-styled layman.This policy worked very well, many patients recovering swiftly-in half of all cases, backache recovered in one session of manipulation.It is very noble of Dr H Sims-Williams and others (24 November, p 1318) to have put up the controlled trial that they describe.The result was negative; but, firstly, the patients were not selected as suited or unsuited to manipulation; secondly, they were treated by Maitland's adaptation of Balfour's' (1819) and Recamier's oscillatory techniques2 (methods with scant resemblance to those taught by me3); and, thirdly, they were all assessed at the end of a month.Physiotherapy (that is, heat and exercises) for backache is useless.Their article states, "The management of non-specific back pain is unsatisfactory and physiotherapy is often prescribed empirically."On what grounds?No patient should be treated until the cause of his symptoms becomes clear, and the measure prescribed should be appropriate to the diagnosis.If manipulation were confined to suitable cases, proper methods were employed, and the assessment were made after a few days a very different picture would emerge.Meanwhile, doctors are discouraged by papers like this one from adopting sensible measures and the jubilant lay manipulators cash in again.
Selective targeting of multiple myeloma cells with a monoclonal antibody recognizing the ubiquitous protein CD98 heavy chain
Authors: Kana Hasegawa, Shunya Ikeda, Moto Yaga, Kouki Watanabe, Rika Urakawa, Akie Iehara, Mai Iwai, Seishin Hashiguchi, Soyoko Morimoto, Fumihiro Fujiki, Hiroko Nakajima, Jun Nakata, Sumiyuki Nishida, Akihiro Tsuboi, Yoshihiro Oka, Satoshi Yoshihara, Masahiro Manabe, Hiroyoshi Ichihara, Atsuko Mugitani, Yasutaka Aoyama, Takafumi Nakao, Asao Hirose, Masayuki Hino, Shiho Ueda, Katsuto Takenaka, Takashi Masuko, Koichi Akashi, Takahiro Maruno, Susumu Uchiyama, Shinji Takamatsu, Naoki Wada, Eiichi Morii, Shushi Nagamori, Daisuke Motooka, Yoshikatsu Kanai, Yusuke Oji, Tomoyoshi Nakagawa, Noriyuki Kijima, Haruhiko Kishima, Atsuyo Ikeda, Takayuki Ogino, Yasushi Shintani, Tateki Kubo, Emiko Mihara, Kosuke Yusa, Haruo Sugiyama, Junichi Takagi, Eiji Miyoshi, Atsushi Kumanogoh, Naoki Hosen
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2022)

Cancer-specific cell surface antigens are ideal therapeutic targets for monoclonal antibody (mAb)–based therapy. Here, we report that multiple myeloma (MM), an incurable hematological malignancy, can be specifically targeted by an mAb that recognizes a ubiquitously present protein, CD98 heavy chain (hc) (also known as SLC3A2). We screened more than 10,000 mAb clones raised against MM cells and identified R8H283, an mAb that bound MM cells but not normal hematopoietic or nonhematopoietic cells. R8H283 specifically recognized CD98hc. R8H283 did not react with monomers of CD98hc; instead, it bound CD98hc in heterodimers with a CD98 light chain (CD98lc), a complex that functions as an amino acid transporter. CD98 heterodimers were abundant on MM cells and took up amino acids for constitutive production of immunoglobulin. Although CD98 heterodimers were also present on normal leukocytes, R8H283 did not react with them. The glycoforms of CD98hc present on normal leukocytes were distinct from those present on MM cells, which may explain the lack of R8H283 reactivity to normal leukocytes. R8H283 exerted anti-MM effects without damaging normal hematopoietic cells. These findings suggested that R8H283 is a candidate for mAb-based therapies for MM. In addition, our findings showed that a cancer-specific conformational epitope in a ubiquitous protein, which cannot be identified by transcriptome or proteome analyses, can be found by extensive screening of primary human tumor samples.
MOTOR NOTES FOR MEDICAL MEN
Authors: H. M. Buist
Journal: BMJ (1922)

r MTDCL BRITINA 234 .1 1922.- although a considerable absorption may-ocour if strong iodine ointments are left in contact with the skin for long periods.It seems certain, however, that it is unsafe to rely upon sufficient iodine being absorbed by the skin to produce the general therapentic effects of iodides.The claim by the manufacturers that "Iodinosol is all absorbed promptly, thus ensuring prompt action and enabling the prescriber to regulate the dose of iodine to a decimal point of a grain," does not accord with our observations.The agents are Messrs.