tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Flexible endoscopic Zenker’s diverticulum treatments – too many in the tool box?
Authors: Norio Fukami
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Treatments for Zenker’s diverticulum have evolved over the decades. The surgical approach evolved from open surgery to rigid endoscopic cricopharyngeal bar myotomy, which offered a shorter hospital stay, high efficacy, and less morbidity [1]. Flexible endoscopic cricopharyngeal bar myotomy was reported in 1995 and was initially performed in only a limited number of centers owing to its perceived difficulty and potential complications. Over the years, however, many centers have adopted this method with success. A needle-knife, with or without a diverticuloscope [2] to isolate the cricopharyngeal bar, was used. More recently, endoscopic submucosal dissection knives have often been used [3] [4]. In 2014, Kedia et al. reported a new method with stepwise exposure of the cricopharyngeal muscle by mucosal incision and submucosal dissection [5]. This method offered the advantage of isolating the structures and visualizing the cricopharyngeal muscle in order to selectively and completely incise down to the bottom of the diverticulum while avoiding perforation, with the aim of improving long-term efficacy. Our group reported further details of the method with slight modification in video format [6], and named this method “full-exposure cricopharyngeal myotomy.”
Endoscopic Ultrasound VS. Computed Tomography for Gastric Cancer Staging: A Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ungureanu BS, VM Sacerdotianu, A Turcu-Stiolica, IM Cazacu, A Saftoiu
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims We aimed to perform a network meta-analysis for gastric cancer clinical stage diagnostic tests, by comparing the diagnostic accuracy of EUS vs. multidetector CT (MDCT) and EUS vs. EUS+MDCT.
Ultrasonic angioplasty in totally occluded peripheral arteries. Initial clinical, histological, and angiographic results.
Authors: URosenschein, L ARozenszajn, LKraus, C CMarboe, J FWatkins, E ARose, DDavid, P JCannon, J SWeinstein
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDUltrasonic angioplasty was recently shown to ablate thrombi and atherosclerotic plaques in vitro and to recanalize occluded arteries in experimental animal models. The goal of the present study was to examine the clinical feasibility of ultrasonic angioplasty.METHODS AND RESULTSIntraoperative ultrasonic angioplasty was performed in vivo on totally occluded peripheral arteries (n = 7). The ultrasonic angioplasty device consists of a 1.6-mm diameter flexible wire attached to a piezoelectric crystal generating ultrasound at 20 kHz. The controls, totally occluded human atherosclerotic femoral arterial segments (n = 6), were crossed mechanically with the ultrasound wire ex vivo but without application of ultrasonic energy. Ultrasonic angioplasty achieved successful recanalization without perforation in all vessels. Angiograms of the treated arteries showed an average lumen patency of 82.5%. Histological examination of the recanalized arteries revealed that the recanalization had taken place through i...
Mechanism of 5-HT contraction in isolated bovine ventricular coronary arteries. Evidence for transient receptor-operated calcium influx channels.
Authors: P HRatz, S FFlaim
Journal: Circulation Research (1984)

The effect of serotonin on isometric tension and transmembrane calcium influx was investigated in rings cut from branches of male bovine circumflex and left anterior descending coronary arteries. Responses were compared to those produced by potassium chloride, and to the serotonin contraction produced in rabbit thoracic aorta. Serotonin in bovine ventricular coronary arteries produced a strong, transient contraction, even at a maximum concentration. Contraction did not decline because of serotonin degradation in the bathing medium. The ability of serotonin to contract bovine ventricular coronary arteries was largely preserved when rings were exposed to a calcium-free medium. When calcium was replaced in the medium, both tension (T) and calcium influx (C, 45Ca) were increased above control only transiently by serotonin (3 minutes post-serotonin: T = 49.0 +/- 13.3 mg/mg, C = 27.33 +/- 1.8 mumol/kg, compared with control T = -4.8 +/- 1.5, C = 19.7 +/- 1.4; 30 minutes post-serotonin: T = -17.3 +/- 2.1, C = 19...
Tissue PO2 in the intestinal muscle layer of rats during chronic diabetes.
Authors: H GBohlen
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

Chronic diabetes mellitus induced in rats by streptozotocin or of genetic origin in Db/Db mice is associated with a loss of capillaries, arteriolar constriction, and a decrease in resting and maximum blood flow. As a result of these vascular changes, as well as glycolysation of hemoglobin, it is possible that tissue Po2 is reduced at rest and cannot be substantially increased during dilatation. Tissue Po2 in the intestinal muscle layer was measured at rest and during maximal dilation. In addition, the spacing between capillaries with active flow and the velocity of red blood cell flow in capillaries were measured at rest and at maximum dilation. These measurements were made in normal and diabetic rats (streptozotocin) at age 26-30 weeks; the diabetic animals had been hyperglycemic (greater than 350 mg/100 ml) for 12-15 weeks. Tissue Po2 at a distance of about 15 microns from the arterial, mid-point, and venous end of capillaries in normal rats was 24.8 +/- 1.1 (SE), 23.1 +/- 1.2, and 22.4 +/- 0.9 mm Hg, r...
Industrial Poisoning in Aircraft Manufacture
Authors: Amy Hamilton
Journal: JAMA (1917)

In the latter part of 1914, Jungfer 1 reported a new industrial disease that had appeared during the preceding year in an aeroplane factory in Johannisthal and had affected four out of a force of eight men. These men were employed in painting and spraying a solution of cellulose acetate over the linen that covers the aeroplane. All of them developed a severe acute hepatitis, and one died. Later in another factory in the same place ten men were poisoned and one died. Grimm, 2 writing shortly after, was able to give details of fifteen cases of poisoning among aircraft employees engaged in such work. The solutions used were sent to the pharmacologic institute of the University of Berlin for analysis by Heffter and Joachimoglu, 3 who reported that the toxic constituent was tetrachlorethane, of which some specimens contained as much as eighty-four in a hundred parts. They experimented on
Vulnerability of the mildly ischemic ventricle to cathodal, anodal, and bipolar stimulation.
Authors: RMehra, SFurman, J FCrump
Journal: Circulation Research (1977)

We studied the difference between myocardial vulnerability to arrhythmias caused by cathodal, anodal, and bipolar stimulation in 29 dogs with partial right coronary artery occlusion. We used 2-msec duration stimuli of up to 8 mA to determine the ventricular vulnerable periods, their relationship to the refractory periods, and the fibrillation or multiple response thresholds for unipolar anodal and cathodal stimulation after two premature ventricular contractions. The vulnerable period for arrhythmias began at the end of the respective refractory periods and terminated at a specific time within the cardiac cycle. Within this period the arrhythmia and excitation thresholds were equal. Because shorter refractory periods were obtained with anodal stimulation than cathodal, the vulnerable periods for anodal stimulation were longer. This indicated that the vulnerable periods for bipolar stimulation also would be longer than for unipolar cathodal stimulation since bipolar and anodal refractory periods are equal ...
Detection and localization of coronary artery disease with body surface mapping in patients with normal electrocardiograms.
Authors: L SGreen, R LLux, C WHaws
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Patients with clinically significant coronary artery disease often have normal resting electrocardiograms. Clinical and experimental studies have shown that body surface potential maps provide improved recognition of some disease states and more regionally selective information than standard electrocardiograms. Body surface maps were recorded at rest from 41 symptomatic patients with angiographically documented coronary artery disease and normal electrocardiograms. Patient maps were statistically compared with maps recorded from 644 normal subjects with the use of previously reported data representation technique. By this technique, maps from patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease and normal electrocardiograms were separated from maps of normal subjects with a sensitivity and specificity greater than 94%. The majority of discriminating information was present in the QRS interval. Fifteen of the 41 symptomatic patients had documented single-vessel coronary disease and their maps were separately ...
Acute Vaso-Occlusive Pain Associated with the Onset of Menstruation Is Distinct from Dysmenorrhea in Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Deva Sharma, Melissa Day, Sarah-Jo Stimpson, Mark Rodeghier, Djamila Ghafuri, Michael U. Callaghan, Ahmar Urooj Zaidi, Bryan Hannan, Adetola A. Kassim, William Zempsky, Melissa Wellons, Andra H. James, Michael R. DeBaun
Journal: Blood (2017)
Characteristics of atrioventricular conduction and the spectrum of arrhythmias in lown-ganong-levine syndrome.
Authors: D GBenditt, L CPritchett, W MSmith, A GWallace, J JGallagher
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Electrophysiological characteristics of atrioventricular (A-V) conduction and refractoriness were examined in 12 patients with Lown-Ganong-Levine (LGL) syndrome referred for assessment of the following arrhythmias: (group I) regular narrow QRS tachycardia 6/12 (50%), (group II) atrial fibrillation (AF) 2/12 (17%), group III) ventricular tachycardia (VT) 4/12 (33%). A-V node refractory periods were shorter, and enhanced A-V conduction more frequent (7/12, 58% vs 7/28, 25%) in LGL patients compared to similar studies in 28 normal controls. During laboratory study reciprocating tachycardia (RT) due to re-entry within the A-V node occurred in 4/12 (33%) LGL patients, and exhibited a shorter cycle length (294 +/- 60.4 msec) than did the same arrhythmia in 11/28 (39%) controls 372 +/- 51.8 msec, P less than 0.05). Similarly, RT utilizing a concealed accessory pathway had a shorter cycle length (228 +/- 3.5 msec) in 2/12 (17%) LGL patients than in 11/28 (39%) controls (314 +/- 24.3 msec, P less than 0.001). In A...
Previously undiagnosed variant angina as a cause of chest pain after coronary artery bypass surgery.
Authors: D DWaters, PTheroux, JCrittin, FDauwe, H FMizgala
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Variant angina was diagnosed after coronary artery bypass surgery in six patients over a 22-month period. Although all six patients had at least occasional angina at rest preoperatively, all but one had predominantly exertional angina. After surgery, rest angina with transient ST-segment elevation appeared in all six after an asymptomatic interval of 1 week to 4 years. In two patients the involved artery had not been bypassed, in two patients it was perfused by a patent graft and in two patients the graft to the involved vessel was occluded. Treatment with calcium antagonist drugs (four cases) or isosorbide dinitrate (one case) eliminated symptoms; one patient spontaneously became asymptomatic. The diagnosis of variant angina should be considered when rest angina occurs after bypass surgery, particularly if exertional angina is absent and grafts are patent.
Return of left ventricular function after reperfusion in patients with myocardial infarction: importance of subtotal stenoses or intact collaterals.
Authors: W JRogers, W PHood, J AMantle, W ABaxley, J KKirklin, G LZorn, H PNath
Journal: Circulation (1984)

To determine whether subsequent improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction can be predicted from preintervention coronary arteriograms, we divided 63 patients with acute myocardial infarction into two groups based on findings at emergency coronary arteriography at a mean of 7 hr after onset of symptoms: (1) a no-flow group with an occluded infarct-related artery and no easily visible collaterals (n = 36) and (2) a limited-flow group with either subtotal stenosis or total occlusion of the infarct-related vessel with intact collaterals (n = 27). Of the 63 patients, 61 underwent emergency procedures to establish reperfusion. At follow-up angiography (contrast or radionuclide) performed 12 +/- 7 days after infarction, global ejection fraction had increased significantly in patients with limited flow to the infarct zone and successful early reperfusion intervention due primarily to a significant increase in the regional ejection fraction in the infarct zone. Global ejection fraction fell significa...
Influence of carotid baroreceptors on vascular responses to carotid chemoreceptor stimulation in the dog.
Authors: GMancia
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

The modification by the carotid baroreceptors of the vascular responses to chemoreceptor stimulation was studied in anesthetized, artificially ventilated, vagotomized dogs. The carotid bifurcations were vascularly isolated and perfused with blood at constant pressures of 134, 215, and 51 mm Hg to cause intermediate, maximal, and minimal inhibition, respectively, of the vasomotor center. At each pressure, stimulation of the carotid chemoreceptors was achieved by perfusion with hypoxic hypercapnic blood. With intermediate inhibition, the chemoreceptor stimulation increased the aortic pressure by 50% and decreased the hind-limb and kidney blood flow (perfusion at constant pressure) by 59% and 19%, respectively. At carotid sinus pressures of 215 and 51 mm Hg, the effects of chemoreceptor stimulation were absent or markedly attenuated. With intermediate sinus pressure, chemoreceptor stimulation decreased the perfusion pressure of the saphenous vein by 27% (perfusion at constant flow). When the sinus pressure w...
TCTAP A-013 Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Left Main Coronary Artery(LMCA) Percutaneous Coronary Intervention(PCI): 1-Year Data from a Single Centre Without On-site Cardiothoracic Service
Authors: Yew Fung Kwan, Tze Ming Chan, Ramachandran Sathappan, Benjamin Tao Xiung Lim, Jian-Chen Lim, Hameeth Shah Abdul Wahid, Gurpreet Pal Singh Jugindar Singh, Mohd Ruslan Mustapa, Hazleena Mohamed Hasnan, Nor Hanim Mohd Amin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Enhanced chemiluminescence as a measure of oxygen-derived free radical generation during ischemia and reperfusion.
Authors: T DHenry, S LArcher, DNelson, E KWeir, A HFrom
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

It has been suggested that oxygen-derived free radicals may contribute to the myocardial injury associated with ischemia and reperfusion. As the presence of enhanced free radical generation is a prerequisite for such damage, several techniques have been used to provide evidence of increased oxygen free radical production during reperfusion; however, all such techniques have substantial limitations. In this study, we used enhanced chemiluminescence to evaluate oxygen free radical generation during ischemia and reperfusion in the isolated Langendorff-perfused rat heart. The chemiluminescent technique, which has high sensitivity and can monitor radical generation continuously, avoids some of the limitations of earlier methods. Chemiluminescence (expressed as counts per second) decreased from 219 +/- 11 at baseline to 142 +/- 9 during ischemia and markedly increased to a peak of 476 +/- 36 during the first 3-5 minutes of reperfusion. This was followed by a slow decline over 11-16 minutes to a steady-state lev...
Brain ouabain-like activity and the sympathoexcitatory and pressor effects of central sodium in rats.
Authors: B SHuang, EHarmsen, HYu, F HLeenen
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

Intracerebroventricularly infused hypertonic saline elicits sympathoexcitatory and pressor effects. To clarify the mechanisms mediating these effects, we evaluated blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) responses to intracerebroventricular administration of 0.3 M NaCl, ouabain, and rat hypothalamic and pituitary extracts containing ouabain-like activity (OLA) in conscious Wistar rats, before and after intracerebroventricular preinjection of digoxin-specific antibody Fab (DAF) fragments. To exclude modulatory effects of arginine vasopressin (AVP), treatment with DAF fragments was in all experiments preceded by intravenous injection of the AVP antagonist [beta-mercapto-beta,beta-cyclopentamethylenepropionyl1,o- Me-Tyr2,Arg8]AVP. After AVP antagonist pretreatment, 0.3 M NaCl i.c.v. at 3.8 microliters/min for 10 minutes caused simultaneous increases in BP, RSNA, and HR. After AVP antagonist pretreatment, intracerebroventricular injections of 0.3 and 1.0 microgram/l m...
The effect of hemorrhagic hypotension on urinary kallikrein excretion, renin activity, and renal cortical blood flow in the pig.
Authors: MMaier, MStarlinger, MWagner, DMeyer, B RBinder
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

We measured urinary kallikrein by its esterolytic and kinin-forming activity in 5-minute urine samples obtained throughout continuous bleeding experiments in pigs to correlate possible changes in urinary kallikrein excretion during hemorrhagic hypotension with resin activity and renal cortical blood flow. Renin activity was determined in venous blood samples and renal cortical blood flow was estimated by the radiolabeled microsphere technique. The rate of urinary kallikrein excretion was increased about 4-fold within an arterial pressure range of 100-70 mm Hg, whereas below 70 mm Hg, arterial pressure urinary kallikrein activity declined to undetectable values. Renin activity was increased only 2-fold in the arterial pressure range between 100 and 70 mm Hg but was increased 4-fold at pressures below 70 mm Hg. The pressure range of 100 to 70 mm Hg corresponded to the autoregulation of renal cortical blood flow and glomerular filtration rate; below that pressure range, renal cortical blood flow dropped to a...
Gastric Hyperplastic Polyps: a Benign Entity? Analysis Of Recurrence And Neoplastic Transformation in a Cohort Study
Authors: M João, S Alves, M Areia, F Taveira, D Brito, L Elvas, S Saraiva, AT Cadime
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Hyperplastic polyps represent 30-93 % of all gastric epithelial polyps. They are generally detected as innocuous incidental findings; however, they have risk of neoplastic transformation and recurrence. Frequency and risk factors for neoplastic transformation and recurrence are not well established and are fields of on-going interest. This study aims at evaluating the frequency and identifying risk factors for recurrence and neoplastic change of gastric hyperplastic polyps (GHP).
Noninvasively diagnosed peripheral arterial disease as a predictor of mortality: results from a prospective study.
Authors: M HCriqui, S SCoughlin, AFronek
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Intermittent claudication has been reported in previous studies to approximately double the risk of subsequent mortality. However, a history of claudication is often present in the absence of significant peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and absent in the presence of PAD. For this reason we evaluated the association between large-vessel and small-vessel PAD, measured by highly reliable and valid noninvasive tests, and mortality in 567 older subjects from a defined population followed-up for an average of 4 years. Large-vessel PAD was strongly and significantly predictive of all-cause mortality in both men and women with a relative risk of 4 to 5, and this finding was independent of other cardiovascular disease risk factors in multivariable analysis. In addition, this finding persisted after exclusion of subjects with extant cardiovascular disease at baseline. The associations of both claudication and abnormal peripheral pulses with mortality were weaker than the large-vessel PAD association. Isolated smal...
Cyclophosphamide-Free Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Ovarian Protection in Young Women With Breast Cancer: A Randomized Phase 3 Trial
Authors: Ke-Da Yu, Jing-Yu Ge, Xi-Yu Liu, Miao Mo, Min He, Zhi-Ming Shao
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2021)

Abstract Background Chemotherapy-induced premature menopause leads to some consequences, including infertility. We initiated this randomized phase III trial to determine whether a cyclophosphamide-free adjuvant chemotherapy regimen would increase the likelihood of menses resumption and improve survival outcomes. Methods Young women with operable estrogen receptor-positive HER2-negative breast cancer after definitive surgery were randomly assigned to receive adjuvant epirubicin and cyclophosphamidefollowed by weekly paclitaxel (EC-wP) or epirubicin and paclitaxel followed by weekly paclitaxel (EP-wP). All patients received at least 5-year adjuvant endocrine therapy after chemotherapy. Two coprimary endpoints were the rate of menstrual resumption at 12 months after chemotherapy and 5-year disease-free survival in the intention-to-treat population. This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01026116). All statistical tests were 2-sided. Results Between January 2011 and December 2016, 521 patients (median age = 34 years; interquartile range = 31-38 years) were enrolled, with 261 in the EC-wP group and 260 in the EP-wP group. The rate of menstrual resumption at 12 months after chemotherapy was 48.3% in EC-wP (95% confidence interval [CI] = 42.2% to 54.3%) and 63.1% in EP-wP (95% CI = 57.2% to 68.9%), with an absolute difference of 14.8% (95% CI = 6.37% to 23.2%, P &amp;lt; .001). The posthoc exploratory analysis by patient-reported outcome questionnaires indicated that pregnancy might occur in fewer women in the EC-wP group than in the EP-wP group. At a median follow-up of 62 months, the 5-year disease-free survival was 78.3% (95% CI = 72.2% to 83.3%) in EC-wP and 84.7% (95% CI = 79.3% to 88.8%) in EP-wP (stratified log-rank P = .07). The safety data were consistent with the known safety profiles of relevant drugs. Conclusions The cyclophosphamide-free chemotherapy regimen might be associated with a higher probability of menses resumption.
End of the story: direct-acting antiviral agents are not associated with recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ruben Hernaez, Robert Thimme
Journal: Gut (2021)

The association between direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk and recurrence was initially introduced by Reig et al .1 In their study, they followed up 58 patients with HCC who had sustained virological response for a median of 5.7 months, 16 had a recurrence of HCC while 42 did not, which raised concerns on the safety of hepatitis C therapy in patients with HCC. Several other studies did not show such association or improved survival.2 3 In 2019, the American Gastroenterological Association provided an expert review4 that stated that “there are no conclusive data that DAA therapy is associated with increased or decreased risk, differential time to recurrence, or aggressiveness of recurrent HCC in patients with complete response to HCC therapy”.

The study by Drs Sapena, Enea, Torres, Celsa et al aimed to shed light on this controversy by conducting a massive effort to complete an individual participant data meta-analysis (IPD-MA).5 The authors assessed the recurrence rate of HCC in 977 DAA-treated patients after a complete response from 12 retrospective and 9 prospective studies. The recurrence rate and death risk per 100 person-years (PY) in DAA-treated patients were 20 (95% CI 13.9 to 29.8, I2 for statistical heterogeneity=74.6%) and …
51P Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) and phosphorylated AMP kinase (AMPK) expression in small cell lung cancer (SCLC): Association with prognosis and tumour immune microenvironment (TIME) features
Authors: L. Bonanno, A. Dal Maso, A. Pavan, E. Zulato, G. Esposito, M. Fassan, G. Nardo, G. Pasello, V. Guarneri, F. Calabrese, F. Rea, S. Indraccolo, P.F. Conte
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)