tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A call for diversity, equity, and inclusion: Highlights from the Consortium of Universities for Global Health 2021 conference
Authors: Beryne Odeny
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2021)

The first virtual Consortium of Universities for Global Health (CUGH) 2021 conference was held in March, 2021 [1].Two weeks of satellite symposia culminated in this highly prestigious conference, which drew an eclectic group of renowned speakers, global health leaders, program implementers, researchers, and students from across the globe.There were more than 5000 delegates from diverse disciplines including public health, politics, education, medicine, planetary health, and finance.Top of the agenda was addressing critical gaps in global health and development against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic.CUGH is an organization of over 170 academic institutions and organizations throughout the world, engaged in addressing global health challenges [1].The 2021 conference was meticulously and creatively planned as was evidenced by the dynamic virtual platform, which hosted several global leader interviews, general sessions, 40 concurrent sessions, 7 plenary sessions, over 700 poster programs, and the Pulitzer Center Film festivals-yes, movies were on the menu [2].Best of all, the platform held up, with minimal technical difficulties.The conference agenda had curated sessions carefully customized to varying attendee interests and expertise.Participants could seamlessly and discreetly shuttle between sessions.The inaugural interviews, with Dr. Anthony Fauci of the United States and Dr. Hugo Lopez-Gatell of Mexico, set the tone with emphasis on a much-needed global response to the ongoing pandemic."2020 was a watershed moment in Global Health," said Dr. Fauci.The COVID-19 pandemic indiscriminately unveiled the fragility of health systems in high income countries (HIC) and low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) alike.He unpacked the origins, evolution, and contention around current public health mandates such as mask wearing.He discussed vaccines-exploring vaccine manufacturing in LMICs, open patents, implications of emerging COVID-19 variants, and advice on curbing the prevailing vaccine infodemic (i.e., pandemic of misinformation) [2][3][4].Dr. Lopez-Gatell described the pandemic as a "massive social event" fueled by deficits in health systems, politics, and governance, and by the growing tide of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) [5].In a brief video recording, Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO's Director-General, implored global partners to sign the COVID-19 Declaration on vaccine equity which he termed "the defining challenge of 2021" [6].The post-pandemic forecast for global health was dire.COVID-19 has disrupted decades of progress toward attainment of Universal Health Care (UHC) and it will be doubly difficult to restore, by 2035, health indicators to their levels prior to the pandemic [7][8][9].A modelling study by Dr. Wenhui Mao of Duke University showed that, even in the most optimistic scenario, it may not be possible to achieve UHC in the next decade without breakthrough
Cigarette Smoking as a Predictor of Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor–Associated Genital Infections: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Daniele Scoccimarro, Giacomo Cipani, Ilaria Dicembrini, Edoardo Mannucci
Journal: Diabetes Care (2021)

The most frequent adverse events associated with sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are genital infections, with an incidence ranging from 3.7% to 11.4% in clinical trials (1,2). Treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors has also been associated with a modest increase in the risk of urinary tract infections (3). Genito-urinary infections are more frequent in women, particularly those reporting previous recurrent episodes of such events (4).

To identify further predictors of genital infections, a retrospective cohort study was performed. We enrolled all patients with type 2 diabetes aged ≥18 years and referred to the Diabetes Outpatient Clinic of Careggi University Hospital, Florence, between 1 October and 30 November 2020 who had received a prescription of an SGLT2 inhibitor before 1 October 2018 and who provided their informed consent, with no other exclusion criteria. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients at the date of prescription were retrieved from patients’ clinical records. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration algorithm and used for categorization of renal function (for eGFR below or above the median value). Information on treatment discontinuation and on genital …
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection versus conventional in-vitro fertilisation in couples with infertility in whom the male partner has normal total sperm count and motility: an open-label, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Vinh Q Dang, Lan N Vuong, Tam M Luu, Toan D Pham, Tuong M Ho, Anh N Ha, Binh T Truong, Anh K Phan, Dung P Nguyen, Thanh N Pham, Quan T Pham, Rui Wang, Robert J Norman, Ben W Mol
Journal: The Lancet (2021)
Adverse Events Associated With the Addition of Aspirin to Direct Oral Anticoagulant Therapy Without a Clear Indication
Authors: Jordan K. Schaefer, Josh Errickson, Yun Li, Xiaowen Kong, Tina Alexandris-Souphis, Mona A. Ali, Deborah Decamillo, Brian Haymart, Scott Kaatz, Eva Kline-Rogers, Jay H. Kozlowski, Gregory D. Krol, Sahana R. Shankar, Suman L. Sood, James B. Froehlich, Geoffrey D. Barnes
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2021)

It is unclear how many patients treated with a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) are using concomitant acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, or aspirin) and how this affects clinical outcomes.To evaluate the frequency and outcomes of prescription of concomitant ASA and DOAC therapy for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) or venous thromboembolic disease (VTE).This registry-based cohort study took place at 4 anticoagulation clinics in Michigan from January 2015 to December 2019. Eligible participants were adults undergoing treatment with a DOAC for AF or VTE, without a recent myocardial infarction (MI) or history of heart valve replacement, with at least 3 months of follow-up.Use of ASA concomitant with DOAC therapy.Rates of bleeding (any, nonmajor, major), rates of thrombosis (stroke, VTE, MI), emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and death.Of the study cohort of 3280 patients (1673 [51.0%] men; mean [SD] age 68.2 [13.3] years), 1107 (33.8%) patients without a clear indication for ASA were being treated with DOACs and ASA. Two propensity score-matched cohorts, each with 1047 patients, were analyzed (DOAC plus ASA and DOAC only). Patients were followed up for a mean (SD) of 20.9 (19.0) months. Patients taking DOAC and ASA experienced more bleeding events compared with DOAC monotherapy (26.0 bleeds vs 31.6 bleeds per 100 patient years, P = .01). Specifically, patients undergoing combination therapy had significantly higher rates of nonmajor bleeding (26.1 bleeds vs 21.7 bleeds per 100 patient years, P = .02) compared with DOAC monotherapy. Major bleeding rates were similar between the 2 cohorts. Thrombotic event rates were also similar between the cohorts (2.5 events vs 2.3 events per 100 patient years for patients treated with DOAC and ASA compared with DOAC monotherapy, P = .80). Patients were more often hospitalized while undergoing combination therapy (9.1 vs 6.5 admissions per 100 patient years, P = .02).Nearly one-third of patients with AF and/or VTE who were treated with a DOAC received ASA without a clear indication. Compared with DOAC monotherapy, concurrent DOAC and ASA use was associated with increased bleeding and hospitalizations but similar observed thrombosis rate. Future research should identify and deprescribe ASA for patients when the risk exceeds the anticipated benefit.
Tranexamic Acid and Safety in the Right Patient
Authors: John B. Holcomb, Angela Sauaia, Jessica C. Cardenas
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Abstract PO-001: HDAC6 inhibitors sensitize non-mesenchymal triple-negative breast cancer cells to cysteine deprivation
Authors: Tahiyat Alothaim, Morgan Charbonneau, Xiaohu (Mark) Tang
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 15% ~ 20% of overall breast cancer cases and exhibits earlier age of onset, high metastasis, and aggressiveness with poor clinical outcomes shown by higher relapse and lower survival rates than other types of breast cancer. TNBC contributes to the major mortality of breast cancer patients. Treatments of TNBC patients are still limited to surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation since the absence of cell receptors makes targeted hormonal therapies impossible. Targeting cysteine-dependence is an emergent strategy to treat the mesenchymal TNBC. However, many TNBC cells are non-mesenchymal and irresponsive to cysteine deprivation. To overcome such resistances, three selective HDAC6 inhibitors (Tubacin, CAY10603, and Tubastatin A), identified by epigenetic compound library screening, can synergize with cysteine deprivation to induce cell death in the non-mesenchymal TNBC. Despite the efficacy of the HDAC6 inhibitor, knockout of HDAC6 did not mimic the synthetic lethality induced by its inhibitors, particularly tubacin, indicating that HDAC6 is not the actual target of HDAC6 inhibitor in this context. Instead, transcriptomic profiling showed that tubacin triggers an extensive gene transcriptional program in combination with erastin, a cysteine transport blocker. Notably, the zinc-related gene response and an increase of labile zinc were induced in cells by the combination treatment. We found that the disturbance of cellular zinc homeostasis was driven by PKCγ activation, which revealed that the PKCγ signaling pathway is required for HDAC6 inhibitor-mediated synthetic lethality. Overall, our study identifies a novel function of HDAC6 inhibitors that function as potent sensitizers of cysteine deprivation. HDAC6 inhibitors are capable to overcome cysteine independence in non-mesenchymal tumor cells, which allows the application of targeted cysteine-dependence therapy in various subtypes of breast cancer. Citation Format: Tahiyat Alothaim, Morgan Charbonneau, Xiaohu (Mark) Tang. HDAC6 inhibitors sensitize non-mesenchymal triple-negative breast cancer cells to cysteine deprivation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Radiation Science and Medicine; 2021 Mar 2-3. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2021;27(8_Suppl):Abstract nr PO-001.
Permanent marker free surface-guidedbreast radiotherapy: Implementing a new technique
Authors: C. Goldsmith, D. Dobson, A. Littler, E. Sawyer, G. Moriggi, R. Chauhan
Journal: Cancer Research (2021)

Background: It is standard practice in our centre for patients to be given permanent skin marks during breastradiotherapy planning, for use as reliable landmarks in daily reproduction of their positioning for treatment  However,these permanent marks (tattoos) may have a significant psychological impact on patients (1)  In recent years, therehave been technological advances in surface-guided radiotherapy techniques (SGRT) which may provide improvedset-up accuracy compared to permanent markers  Aims: 1  To evaluate if surface-guided set-up is as good, if notbetter, than set-up with permanent markers alone 2  To safely implement a permanent marker (PM) free, surface-guided set-up technique  Methods: A pilot study was conducted with tangents-only breast patients treated in freebreathing (FB)  All treatments were delivered on Varian TrueBeam linear accelerators, with patients immobilised ona couch indexed breast board  The study group (n=20) were set up using PMs with adjustments guided by theAlignRT SGRT system to optimise patient positioning  Imaging (MV tangent images) was performed as perstandard protocol on fractions 1-3, 8 and 12  Additional imaging was performed if indicated  The translational androtational displacements calculated by the TrueBeam verification system for this group were compared to averagedisplacements calculated for patients set up using PMs alone (the control group, n=20)  Encouraged by the resultsof the pilot study, the centre moved to safely roll-out the PM-free technique to include additional applications  Thestep-wise approach taken will be described  Results: The mean displacements calculated from the verificationimaging are shown in Table 1 below: SGRT set-up demonstrated statistically-significant improvements compared to PM set-up alone with respect tolateral, vertical and total translational displacements  Longitudinal displacements favoured PM set-up alone but thisdid not reach statistical significance  Rotational displacements favoured SGRT set-up and the results reachedstatistical significance Given the improved set-up accuracy with SGRT, and the wish to reduce the psychologicalmorbidity of radiotherapy for our breast cancer patients, the centre moved to safely implement a PM free SGRTtechnique along agreed timelines as shown in Table 2 : Conclusions: Our pilot study demonstrated that surface-guided radiotherapy (SGRT) set-up is as good, if not better,than set-up with permanent markers (PM) alone in tangent-only free-breathing patients  Subsequent further analysisshowed improved consistency of set-up guided by PM plus SGRT for all breast set-ups (to include nodal regionsand DIBH)  We have described our step-wise approach to setting up PM free radiotherapy delivery for breast cancerpatients, which has additional advantages in maintaining social distancing in the COVID19 era
Endoscopic full-thickness plication for the treatment of PPI-dependent GERD: results from a randomised, sham controlled trial
Authors: Rakesh Kalapala, Arun Karyampudi, Zaheer Nabi, Santosh Darisetty, Nitin Jagtap, Mohan Ramchandani, Rajesh Gupta, Sundeep Lakhtakia, Rajesh Goud, G Venkat Rao, Prateek Sharma, D Nageshwar Reddy
Journal: Gut (2021)

The majority of endoscopic antireflux procedures for GERD are cumbersome to use and randomised long-term data are sparse. We conducted such a trial to determine the efficacy and safety of a novel, easy to use endoscopic full-thickness fundoplication (EFTP) device in patients with GERD.Patients with proton pump inhibitor (PPI)-dependent GERD were randomised to either EFTP or a sham procedure in 1:1 ratio. The primary endpoint was ≥50% improvement in the health-related quality of life (GERD-HRQL) score at 3 months. Secondary end points included improvement in GERD-HRQL, reflux symptom scores, PPI usage, oesophageal acid exposure and reflux episodes and endoscopic findings at 3, 6 and 12 months.Seventy patients were randomised; 35 in each group with a median (IQR) age of 36 (29-42) years, 71.4% males. 70% had non-erosive reflux disease on endoscopy with a mean DeMeester score of 18.9 (±19.93). The mean (±SD) duration of EFTP procedure was 17.4 (±4) min. The primary end point was more frequently achieved in the EFTP group (65.7% vs 2.9%; p<0.001). Median (IQR) % improvement in GERD-HRQL was significantly higher in the EFTP group at 6 (81.4 (60.9-100.0) versus 8.0 (2.2-21.6); p<0.001) and 12 (92.3 (84.4-100.0) versus 9.1 (4.8-36.0); p<0.001) months. In the EFTP group, 62.8% patients were off-PPI at 12 months compared with 11.4% in the sham group (p<0.001). pH-metry parameters partially improved at 3 months, (n=70; total reflux episodes in EFTP arm and non-acid reflux episodes for EFTP vs sham) but not at 12 months (n=27); endoscopic oesophagitis was seen in 0% in the treatment (n=18) and 5 (29.4%) in the control group (n=17) at 12 months. No major procedure-related adverse events were encountered in either group.EFTP using a novel device is safe and effective in improving quality of life in patients with PPI dependent mostly non-erosive reflux disease at short and long terms; objective parameters showed a limited response rate.NCT03322553.
Abstract 15545: Exercise-stress Real-time Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Non-invasive Characterisation of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: The Hfpef Stress Trial
Authors: Soeren Jan Backhaus, Torben Lange, Elisabeth George, Kristian Hellenkamp, Roman Gertz, Marcus Billing, Michael Steinmetz, Rolf Wachter, Uwe Raaz, Shelby Kutty, Joachim Lotz, Martin Uecker, Gerd Hasenfuss, Tim Seidler, Andreas Schuster
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Invasive right heart catherization (RHC) using exercise-stress is the reference-standard for the diagnosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) but carries the risk of the procedure. Real-time cardiovascular magnetic resonance (RT-CMR) imaging allows bicycle exercise CMR with unprecedented temporal and spatial resolution and may represent a novel non-invasive alternative. Methods: The HFpEF stress trial (NCT03260621) prospectively included 75 patients with echocardiographic signs of diastolic dysfunction and dyspnoea on exertion (E/E’&gt;8, NYHA≥II) who underwent echocardiography, RHC and RT-CMR at rest and exercise-stress. HFpEF was defined according to pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP ≥15mmHg at rest or ≥25mmHg during exercise stress). RT-CMR functional assessments included time-volume-curves for total and early (1/3) diastolic left ventricular (LV) filling or left atrial (LA) emptying and LV/LA long axis strain (LAS). Results: HFpEF patients (n=34, mean PCWP rest 13mmHg, stress 27mmHg) had higher E/e’ (12.5 vs 9.15), NT-proBNP (255 vs 75ng/l) and LA volume index (43.8 vs 36.2ml/m 2 ) compared to non-HFpEF patients (n=34, rest 8mmHg, stress 18mmHg, p≤0.001 for all). There were no differences in RT-CMR LV total and early diastolic filling at rest and during exercise-stress (p≥0.164). In contrast, RT-CMR revealed impaired stress LA total (p=0.033) and early (p&lt;0.001) diastolic emptying in HFpEF. LA LAS was the only impaired parameter at rest (p&lt;0.001) and emerged as the best predictor for the presence of HFpEF during exercise-stress testing (AUC rest 0.82 vs stress 0.93, p=0.029). Conclusions: RT-CMR allows highly accurate identification of HFpEF during physiological exercise and may establish itself as a novel non-invasive diagnostic alternative for routine clinical use.
Tissue Engineering for Mimics and Modulations of Immune Functions
Authors: Chao Tao, Dong‐An Wang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2021)

Abstract In the field of regenerative medicine, advances in tissue engineering have surpassed the reconstruction of individual tissues or organs and begun to work towards engineering systemic factors such as immune objects and functions. The immune system plays a crucial role in protecting and regulating systemic functions in the human body. Engineered immune tissues and organs have shown potential in recovering dysfunctions and aplasia of the immune system and the evasion from immune‐mediated inflammatory responses and rejection elicited by engineered implants from allogeneic or xenogeneic sources are also being pursued to facilitate clinical transplantation of tissue engineered grafts. Here, current progress in tissue engineering to mimic or modulate immune functions is reviewed and elaborated from two perspectives: 1) engineering of immune tissues and organs per se and 2) immune evasion of host immunoinflammatory rejection by tissue‐engineered implants.
Modeling Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma/Waldenström Macroglobulinemia in Transgenic Mice Using Human MYD88L256P Mutated Protein
Authors: Tomasz Sewastianik, Maria Luisa Guerrera, Meng Jiang, Peter S. Dennis, Jianjun Zhao, Guang Yang, Zachary Hunter, Geraldine S. Pinkus, Petr Jarolim, Wong Kwok-Kin, Steven P Treon, Ruben D. Carrasco
Journal: Blood (2017)
Integrated Palliative and Oncology Care for Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia—Moving From Evidence to Practice
Authors: Patricia Bramati, David Hui, Eduardo Bruera
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
A typical acute lymphoblastic leukemia JAK2 variant, R683G, causes an aggressive form of familial thrombocytosis when germline
Authors: Gonzalo Carreño-Tarragona, Leila N. Varghese, Elena Sebastián, Eva Gálvez, Alberto Marín-Sánchez, Nieves López-Muñoz, Syonghyun Nam-Cha, Joaquín Martínez-López, Stefan N. Constantinescu, Julián Sevilla, Rosa Ayala
Journal: Leukemia (2021)
Evaluation of dermatoscopic criteria for early detection of squamous cell carcinoma arising on an actinic keratosis
Authors: Chryssoula Papageorgiou, Aimilios Lallas, Sofia Magdalini Manoli, Caterina Longo, Michela Lai, Konstantinos Liopyris, Konstantinos Lallas, Elizabeth Lazaridou, Zoe Apalla
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2021)
Role of salivary microbiome in IL‐10 production and efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy
Authors: Aiko Oka, Masanori Kidoguchi, Shin Kariya, Tazuko Fujiwara, Atsushi Yuta, Hiromi Miyashita, Takaya Higaki, Yukiko Ogawa, Kengo Kanai, Sei‐ichiro Makihara, Takenori Haruna, Jun Kunisawa, Naoto Adachi, Keisuke Koyama, Rieko Ii, Emiko Noguchi, Shigeharu Fujieda, Kazunori Nishizaki, Mitsuhiro Okano
Journal: Allergy (2021)

The authors have no conflicts of interest concerning this work. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.