tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
NHS and social care workforce planning is a “joke,” says former health secretary
Authors: Adrian O’Dowd
Journal: BMJ (2021)

The government’s decision not to publish precise figures on what workforce numbers are needed in coming years for the NHS and social care means that current workforce planning is a “joke,” according to former health secretary Jeremy Hunt.

Hunt, Conservative MP for South West Surrey and now chair of the parliamentary health and social care committee, voiced this opinion during an evidence session held on 24 February for the committee’s inquiry into workforce burnout and resilience in the NHS and social care.

In a recent interview with The BMJ ,1 Hunt spoke of his frustration over workforce planning, saying that the current approach to staffing increases being negotiated between the Treasury and the Department of Health and Social Care around spending reviews should be changed.

Shortly after the evidence session, …
Prakash S Sinha
Authors: Satyajit Bhattacharya
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Prakash S Sinha was a general surgeon with a specialist interest in endocrine, breast, and oncoplastic surgery, and the medical director of the Princess Royal University Hospital, part of the King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust.

Prakash was born in India, in Dhanbad, Bihar, as the youngest of three siblings, but his family relocated to Mumbai soon thereafter. He was head boy at his school and went on to read medicine at Grant Medical College, Mumbai, qualifying in 1985. He completed his masters in general surgery in 1988, training at the Sir Jamsetjee Jeejeebhoy (JJ) Group of Hospitals. After a stint in independent practice in Mumbai, he moved to the United Kingdom in March 1993. He completed his FRCS in 1994 …
Discriminant Accuracy of the SOFA Score for Determining the Probable Mortality of Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia Requiring Mechanical Ventilation
Authors: Robert A. Raschke, Sumit Agarwal, Pooja Rangan, C. William Heise, Steven C. Curry
Journal: JAMA (2021)

This cohort study characterizes the accuracy of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score to discriminate death from survival in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia receiving oxygen therapy for 4 hours or longer before undergoing endotracheal intubation.
Optimal dosing interval for covid-19 vaccines: we need clinical trial evidence and to consider past infection
Authors: Ulrich Müller-Sedgwick
Journal: BMJ (2021)

I agree with Chatterjee that “the decision to delay the second dose of the Pfizer vaccine against covid-19 has caused significant disquiet among healthcare workers in the UK.”12 I wonder why two obvious solutions have not been discussed in the medical literature and media.

Firstly, we don’t know which dosing interval of three (Pfizer BioNTech), six (World Health Organization), or …
Abstract 14023: P53 Thr55 Phosphorylation Mediates High Glucose-Induced Endothelial Oxidative Stress
Authors: Yong Wu, Brian J Gadd, Xuan Liu
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Diabetes mellitus causes multiple vascular complications and cardiovascular dysfunction. High levels of glucose (HG) induce reactive oxygen species-mediated oxidative stress in endothelial cells (E...
Elastin-like recombinamers-based hydrogel modulates post-ischemic remodeling in a non-transmural myocardial infarction in sheep
Authors: Paolo Contessotto, Doriana Orbanić, Mark Da Costa, Chunsheng Jin, Peter Owens, Sandrine Chantepie, Clizia Chinello, John Newell, Fulvio Magni, Dulce Papy-Garcia, Niclas G. Karlsson, Michelle Kilcoyne, Peter Dockery, José C. Rodríguez-Cabello, Abhay Pandit
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2021)

Ischemic heart disease is a leading cause of mortality due to irreversible damage to cardiac muscle. Inspired by the post-ischemic microenvironment, we devised an extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimicking hydrogel using catalyst-free click chemistry covalent bonding between two elastin-like recombinamers (ELRs). The resulting customized hydrogel included functional domains for cell adhesion and protease cleavage sites, sensitive to cleavage by matrix metalloproteases overexpressed after myocardial infarction (MI). The scaffold permitted stromal cell invasion and endothelial cell sprouting in vitro. The incidence of non-transmural infarcts has increased clinically over the past decade, and there is currently no treatment preventing further functional deterioration in the infarcted areas. Here, we have developed a clinically relevant ovine model of non-transmural infarcts induced by multiple suture ligations. Intramyocardial injections of the degradable ELRs-hydrogel led to complete functional recovery of ejection fraction 21 days after the intervention. We observed less fibrosis and more angiogenesis in the ELRs-hydrogel-treated ischemic core region compared to the untreated animals, as validated by the expression, proteomic, glycomic, and histological analyses. These findings were accompanied by enhanced preservation of GATA4+ cardiomyocytes in the border zone of the infarct. We propose that our customized ECM favors cardiomyocyte preservation in the border zone by modulating the ischemic core and a marked functional recovery. The functional benefits obtained by the timely injection of the ELRs-hydrogel in a clinically relevant MI model support the potential utility of this treatment for further clinical translation.
Care Outcomes Among Black or African American Persons with Diagnosed HIV in Rural, Urban, and Metropolitan Statistical Areas — 42 U.S. Jurisdictions, 2018
Authors: Shacara Johnson Lyons, André F. Dailey, Chenchen Yu, Anna Satcher Johnson
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2021)

During 2018, Black or African American (Black) persons accounted for 43% of all diagnoses of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the United States (1). Among Black persons with diagnosed HIV infection in 41 states and the District of Columbia for whom complete laboratory reporting* was available, the percentages of Black persons linked to care within 1 month of diagnosis (77.1%) and with viral suppression within 6 months of diagnosis (62.9%) during 2018 were lower than the Ending the HIV Epidemic initiative objectives of 95% for linkage to care and viral suppression goals (2). Access to HIV-related care and treatment services varies by residence area (3-5). Identifying urban-rural differences in HIV care outcomes is crucial for addressing HIV-related disparities among Black persons with HIV infection. CDC used National HIV Surveillance System† (NHSS) data to describe HIV care outcomes among Black persons with diagnosed HIV infection during 2018 by population area of residence§ (area). During 2018, Black persons in rural areas received a higher percentage of late-stage diagnoses (25.2%) than did those in urban (21.9%) and metropolitan (19.0%) areas. Linkage to care within 1 month of diagnosis was similar across all areas, whereas viral suppression within 6 months of diagnosis was highest in metropolitan areas (63.8%). The Ending the HIV Epidemic initiative supports scalable, coordinated, and innovative efforts to increase HIV diagnosis, treatment, and prevention among populations disproportionately affected by or who are at higher risk for HIV infection (6), especially during syndemics (e.g. with coronavirus disease 2019).
Methodologic Concerns With Concluding a Link Between Epidural and Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Allison Lee, Jean Guglielminotti, Ruth Landau
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Abstract 12972: Dried Fruit and Cardiometabolic Health: A Randomized Crossover Trial
Authors: Valerie K Sullivan, Kristina S Petersen, Penny M Kris-Etherton
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Fruit intake is associated with lower risk of cardiometabolic diseases. In U.S. adults, fruit consumption does not meet dietary recommendations. Replacing refined carbohydrate-rich sn...
High Prevalence of Weight Gain in Childhood Brain Tumor Survivors and Its Association With Hypothalamic-Pituitary Dysfunction
Authors: Jiska van Schaik, Ichelle M. A. A. van Roessel, Netteke A. Y. N. Schouten-van Meeteren, Laura van Iersel, Sarah C. Clement, Annemieke M. Boot, Hedi L. Claahsen-van der Grinten, Marta Fiocco, Geert O. Janssens, Dannis G. van Vuurden, Erna M. Michiels, Sen K. S. Han, Paul A. S. P. van Trotsenburg, Peter W. P. Vandertop, Leontien C. M. Kremer, Hanneke M. van Santen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

Childhood brain tumor survivors (CBTS) are at risk for developing obesity, which negatively influences cardiometabolic health. The prevalence of obesity in CBTS may have been overestimated in previous cohorts because of inclusion of children with craniopharyngioma. On the contrary, the degree of weight gain may have been underestimated because of exclusion of CBTS who experienced weight gain, but were neither overweight nor obese. Weight gain may be an indicator of underlying hypothalamic-pituitary (HP) dysfunction. We aimed to study prevalence of and risk factors for significant weight gain, overweight, or obesity, and its association with HP dysfunction in a national cohort of noncraniopharyngioma and nonpituitary CBTS.Prevalence of and risk factors for significant weight gain (body mass index [BMI] change ≥ +2.0 standard deviation score [SDS]), overweight, or obesity at follow-up, and its association with HP dysfunction were studied in a nationwide cohort of CBTS, diagnosed in a 10-year period (2002-2012), excluding all craniopharyngioma and pituitary tumors.Of 661 CBTS, with a median age at follow-up of 7.3 years, 33.1% had significant weight gain, overweight, or obesity. Of the CBTS between 4 and 20 years of age, 28.7% were overweight or obese, compared with 13.2% of the general population between 4 and 20 years of age. BMI SDS at diagnosis, diagnosis of low-grade glioma, diabetes insipidus, and central precocious puberty were associated with weight gain, overweight, or obesity. The prevalence of HP dysfunction was higher in overweight and obese CTBS compared with normal-weight CBTS.Overweight, obesity, and significant weight gain are prevalent in CBTS. An increase in BMI during follow-up may be a reflection of HP dysfunction, necessitating more intense endocrine surveillance.
Abstract PS14-16: Novel iodine nanoparticle micro-localization and resultant radiotherapy-enhancement of triple negative human breast cancer growing in the brains of athymic nude mice
Authors: Sharif M Ridwan, James F Hainfeld, Yaroslav Stanishevskiy, Vanessa Ross, Henry M Smilowitz
Journal: Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract About 30% of breast cancers metastasize to brain; those widely disseminated are fatal typically in 3-4 months, even with the best available surgery, drugs, and radiotherapy. To address this dire situation, we have developed iodine nanoparticles (INPs) that target brain tumors after intravenous (IV) injection. The iodine then absorbs X-rays during radiotherapy (RT), creating free radicals and local tumor damage, effectively boosting the local RT dose at the tumor. Efficacy was tested using the very aggressive human triple negative breast cancer (TNBC, MDA-MB-231 cells) growing in the brains of athymic nude mice. With a well-tolerated non-toxic IV dose of the INPs (7 g iodine/kg body weight), tumors showed a heavily iodinated rim surrounding the tumor having an average uptake of 2.9% iodine by weight (peaks at 4.5%), calculated to provide dose enhancement factors of ~5.5 (peaks at 8.0) – the highest ever reported for any radio-enhancing agents. With 15-Gy, single dose RT, all animals died by 72 days; INP pretreatment resulted in longer-term remissions with 40% of mice surviving 150 days and 30% surviving &amp;gt; 280 days (Hainfeld et al., 2020). Fluorescence confocal microscopy revealed most INP staining co-localized with CD31 in the tumor center and tumor periphery. Greatest INP and CD31 staining was in the tumor periphery, the region of increased Micro CT contrast. Tumor cells are seen to line irregularly-shaped spaces (ISS) with INP and CD31 staining very close to or on the tumor cell surface and with PAS stain on their boundary and may represent a unique form of CD31-expressing vascular mimicry in intracerebral 231-tumors. INP and CD31 co-staining is also seen around ISS formed around tumor cells migrating on CD31 positive blood-vessels. We hypothesize that breast cancer cells secrete a CD31 containing scaffold to which IV-injected INPs bind; tumor cells proliferate along the scaffold forming the boundaries of the ISS creating a form of vascular mimicry. The significant radiation dose enhancement to the prolific INP-binding ISS found throughout the tumor but concentrated in the tumor rim, may contribute significantly to the life extensions observed after INP-RT; vascular mimicry could represent a new nanoparticle, particularly INP, tumor-homing target. Citation Format: Sharif M Ridwan, James F Hainfeld, Yaroslav Stanishevskiy, Vanessa Ross, Henry M Smilowitz. Novel iodine nanoparticle micro-localization and resultant radiotherapy-enhancement of triple negative human breast cancer growing in the brains of athymic nude mice [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2020 San Antonio Breast Cancer Virtual Symposium; 2020 Dec 8-11; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PS14-16.
Abstract 12248: Sedentary Behavior and Atrial Fibrillation in the Objective Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health (OPACH) Study
Authors: Brian C Boursiquot, John Bellettiere, Michael J Lamonte, Andrea Z Lacroix, Marco V Perez
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Sedentary behavior has been consistently linked with cardiovascular disease, but few studies using objective measures have examined incident atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods: We meas...
Single-nucleotide methylation specifically represses type I interferon in antiviral innate immunity
Authors: Zheng-jun Gao, Wen-ping Li, Xin-tao Mao, Tao Huang, Hao-li Wang, Yi-ning Li, Bao-qin Liu, Jiang-yan Zhong, Chai Renjie, Jin Jin, Yi-yuan Li
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2021)

Frequent outbreaks of viruses have caused a serious threat to public health. Previous evidence has revealed that DNA methylation is correlated with viral infections, but its role in innate immunity remains poorly investigated. Additionally, DNA methylation inhibitors promote IFN-I by upregulating endogenous retrovirus; however, studies of intrinsically demethylated tumors do not support this conclusion. This study found that Uhrf1 deficiency in myeloid cells significantly upregulated Ifnb expression, increasing resistance to viral infection. We performed whole-genome bisulfite sequencing and found that a single-nucleotide methylation site in the Ifnb promoter region disrupted IRF3 recruitment. We used site-specific mutant knock-in mice and a region-specific demethylation tool to confirm that this methylated site plays a critical role in regulating Ifnb expression and antiviral responses. These findings provide essential insight into DNA methylation in the regulation of the innate antiviral immune response.
Abstract 14989: Impact of Lipoprotein (a) Levels on Long-Term Outcomes of Patients With Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Jun Shitara, Hirokazu Konishi, Takatoshi Kasai, Katsumi Miyauchi, Hirohisa Endo, Hideki Wada, Shinichiro Doi, Ryo Naito, Shuta Tsuboi, Manabu Ogita, Tomotaka Dohi, Hiroyuki Daida
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction is a common cause of morbidity and mortality despite advances in clinical care. Serum levels of lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is one of risk factors...
Hydrocortisone, Vitamin C, and Thiamine for Treatment of Sepsis
Authors: Kristin L. Walter, Christopher W. Seymour
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Characterization of complete lncRNAs transcriptome reveals the functional and clinical impact of lncRNAs in multiple myeloma
Authors: Arantxa Carrasco-Leon, Teresa Ezponda, Cem Meydan, Luis V. Valcárcel, Raquel Ordoñez, Marta Kulis, Leire Garate, Estíbaliz Miranda, Victor Segura, Elisabeth Guruceaga, Amaia Vilas-Zornoza, Diego Alignani, Marién Pascual, Ane Amundarain, Laura Castro-Labrador, Patxi San Martín-Uriz, Halima El-Omri, Ruba Y. Taha, Maria J. Calasanz, Francisco J. Planes, Bruno Paiva, Christopher E. Mason, Jesús F. San Miguel, José I. Martin-Subero, Ari Melnick, Felipe Prosper, Xabier Agirre
Journal: Leukemia (2021)

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable disease, whose clinical heterogeneity makes its management challenging, highlighting the need for biological features to guide improved therapies. Deregulation of specific long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been shown in MM, nevertheless, the complete lncRNA transcriptome has not yet been elucidated. In this work, we identified 40,511 novel lncRNAs in MM samples. lncRNAs accounted for 82% of the MM transcriptome and were more heterogeneously expressed than coding genes. A total of 10,351 overexpressed and 9,535 downregulated lncRNAs were identified in MM patients when compared with normal bone-marrow plasma cells. Transcriptional dynamics study of lncRNAs in the context of normal B-cell maturation revealed 989 lncRNAs with exclusive expression in MM, among which 89 showed de novo epigenomic activation. Knockdown studies on one of these lncRNAs, SMILO (specific myeloma intergenic long non-coding RNA), resulted in reduced proliferation and induction of apoptosis of MM cells, and activation of the interferon pathway. We also showed that the expression of lncRNAs, together with clinical and genetic risk alterations, stratified MM patients into several progression-free survival and overall survival groups. In summary, our global analysis of the lncRNAs transcriptome reveals the presence of specific lncRNAs associated with the biological and clinical behavior of the disease.
Enhanced homology-directed repair for highly efficient gene editing in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells
Authors: Suk See De Ravin, Julie Brault, Ronald J. Meis, Siyuan Liu, Linhong Li, Mara Pavel-Dinu, Cicera R. Lazzarotto, Taylor Liu, Sherry M. Koontz, Uimook Choi, Colin L. Sweeney, Narda Theobald, GaHyun Lee, Aaron B. Clark, Sandra S. Burkett, Benjamin P. Kleinstiver, Matthew H. Porteus, Shengdar Tsai, Douglas B. Kuhns, Gary A. Dahl, Stephen Headey, Xiaolin Wu, Harry L. Malech
Journal: Blood (2021)
Mitonuclear Coevolution, but not Nuclear Compensation, Drives Evolution of OXPHOS Complexes in Bivalves
Authors: Giovanni Piccinini, Mariangela Iannello, Guglielmo Puccio, Federico Plazzi, Justin C Havird, Fabrizio Ghiselli
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2021)

Abstract In Metazoa, four out of five complexes involved in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) are formed by subunits encoded by both the mitochondrial (mtDNA) and nuclear (nuDNA) genomes, leading to the expectation of mitonuclear coevolution. Previous studies have supported coadaptation of mitochondria-encoded (mtOXPHOS) and nuclear-encoded OXPHOS (nuOXPHOS) subunits, often specifically interpreted with regard to the “nuclear compensation hypothesis,” a specific form of mitonuclear coevolution where nuclear genes compensate for deleterious mitochondrial mutations due to less efficient mitochondrial selection. In this study, we analyzed patterns of sequence evolution of 79 OXPHOS subunits in 31 bivalve species, a taxon showing extraordinary mtDNA variability and including species with “doubly uniparental” mtDNA inheritance. Our data showed strong and clear signals of mitonuclear coevolution. NuOXPHOS subunits had concordant topologies with mtOXPHOS subunits, contrary to previous phylogenies based on nuclear genes lacking mt interactions. Evolutionary rates between mt and nuOXPHOS subunits were also highly correlated compared with non-OXPHO-interacting nuclear genes. Nuclear subunits of chimeric OXPHOS complexes (I, III, IV, and V) also had higher dN/dS ratios than Complex II, which is formed exclusively by nuDNA-encoded subunits. However, we did not find evidence of nuclear compensation: mitochondria-encoded subunits showed similar dN/dS ratios compared with nuclear-encoded subunits, contrary to most previously studied bilaterian animals. Moreover, no site-specific signals of compensatory positive selection were detected in nuOXPHOS genes. Our analyses extend the evidence for mitonuclear coevolution to a new taxonomic group, but we propose a reconsideration of the nuclear compensation hypothesis.