tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Medical and Health Information Directory.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Health Care Management Review (HCMR) disseminates state-of-the-art knowledge about management, leadership, and administration of health care systems, organizations, and agencies. Multidisciplinary and international in scope, articles present completed research relevant to health care management, leadership, and administration, as well report on rigorous evaluations of health care management innovations, or provide a synthesis of prior research that results in evidence-based health care management practice recommendations. Articles are theory-driven and translate findings into implications and recommendations for health care administrators, researchers, and faculty. Annually, HCMR publishes the Best Theory to Practice paper chosen by the Health Care Administration Division of the Academy of Management.
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, incidence of myocardial infarction, and extent of atherosclerosis in men.
Authors: A ZLaCroix, KYano, D MReed
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDAntiatherogenic effects of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) have been suspected for more than 30 years, yet the available evidence to support or refute such effects in humans is inconclusive. The hypothesis has not been adequately tested in large-scale epidemiological studies.METHODS AND RESULTSThe present study used a cohort of men initially free of clinically detectable coronary heart disease, stroke, and cancer to compare DHEAS levels measured in sera obtained in 1968-1971 between 238 cases who had definite coronary heart disease during the subsequent 18 years and 476 age-matched controls who survived the follow-up period and remained free of clinically detectable coronary heart disease. In a separate study, the relation of DHEAS levels to extent of atherosclerosis was examined among 82 cohort men who died during the follow-up period and had protocol autopsies. Age-adjusted DHEAS levels were lower among fatal cases of coronary heart disease than among c...
Willingness to Receive a COVID-19 Vaccination Among Incarcerated or Detained Persons in Correctional and Detention Facilities — Four States, September–December 2020
Authors: Marc F. Stern, Alexandra M. Piasecki, Lara B. Strick, Poornima Rajeshwar, Erika Tyagi, Sharon Dolovich, Priti R. Patel, Rena Fukunaga, Nathan W. Furukawa
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2021)

Incarcerated and detained persons are at increased risk for acquiring COVID-19. However, little is known about their willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccination. During September-December 2020, residents in three prisons and 13 jails in four states were surveyed regarding their willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccination and their reasons for COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy or refusal. Among 5,110 participants, 2,294 (44.9%) said they would receive a COVID-19 vaccination, 498 (9.8%) said they would hesitate to receive it, and 2,318 (45.4%) said they would refuse to receive it. Willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccination was lowest among Black/African American (Black) (36.7%; 510 of 1,390) persons, participants aged 18-29 years (38.5%; 583 of 1,516), and those who lived in jails versus prisons (43.7%; 1,850 of 4,232). Common reasons reported for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy were waiting for more information (54.8%) and efficacy or safety concerns (31.0%). The most common reason for COVID-19 vaccination refusal was distrust of health care, correctional, or government personnel or institutions (20.1%). Public health interventions to improve vaccine confidence and trust are needed to increase vaccination acceptance by incarcerated or detained persons.
Echocardiography of the "floppy" aortic valve. Report of a case.
Authors: P AChandraratna, PSamet, M JRobinson, CByrd
Journal: Circulation (1975)

The echocardiographic features of a patient with severe aortic regurgitation due to a floppy aortic valve are presented. The salient abnormality observed was marked fluttering of the aortic valve cusps in diastole. Fluttering of the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve and left ventricular enlargement were noted. The diagnosis of a floppy aortic valve was substantiated at surgery.
Role of endothelium-derived relaxing factor and prostaglandins in responses of coronary arteries to thromboxane in vivo.
Authors: KSzwajkun, K GLamping, W PDole
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

We examined the relative contribution of endothelial and vascular smooth muscle-derived prostaglandins and endothelium-derived relaxing factor in modulating both the large coronary artery and resistance vessel responses to thromboxane in vivo. Vascular responses to the thromboxane analogue U46619 were measured in four separate experimental protocols: 1) The vascular responses were measured in the presence and absence of intact endothelium to examine the role of endothelium-derived vasodilators. 2) Responses were measured in the presence of intact endothelium before and after inhibition of cyclooxygenase with indomethacin to examine the role of endothelial and vascular smooth muscle-derived prostaglandins. 3) Responses were measured after endothelial removal before and after indomethacin to examine the role of vascular smooth muscle-derived prostaglandins. 4) Responses were measured after indomethacin and before and after removal of endothelium to examine the role of endothelium-derived relaxing factor. In...
Nitric oxide influences neuronal activity in the nucleus tractus solitarius of rat brainstem slices.
Authors: TTagawa, TImaizumi, SHarada, TEndo, MShiramoto, YHirooka, ATakeshita
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

Nitric oxide (NO) is shown to be synthesized in the central nervous system as well as in vascular endothelial cells. However, the physiological role of NO in cardiovascular regulation in the central nervous system remains unclear. The present study examines whether NO plays a role in the regulation of neuronal activity in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). Single-unit extracellular recordings were obtained from NTS neurons in slices (400 microns) of the rat brainstem, which had spontaneous discharges at a frequency of 0.5 to 3 spikes per second. Eighty-one neurons were tested for sensitivity to L-arginine, which is the physiological precursor of NO. L-Arginine (10(-7) to 10(-4) mol/L) increased neuronal activity dose dependently in 33 (40.7%) of 81 neurons tested, but D-arginine (10(-5) mol/L) did not. The neurons that responded to L-arginine responded to glutamate as well. NG-Monomethyl-L-arginine (10(-5) to 3 x 10(-5) mol/L), an inhibitor of the formation of NO, dose-dependently blocked increases in ...
Very-Low-Fat Diets
Authors: R. James Barnard
Journal: Circulation (1999)

In a recent interesting article, 1 Zhang and Hintze stated that amlodipine but not nifedipine released nitric oxide from canine coronary microvessels and classified this as an unexpected mechanism of action.However, it should be noted that several years ago, the same phenomenon, ie, direct release of NO, was observed with nitrendipine in small porcine coronary arteries, porcine arteria basilaris, and porcine arteria caudalis. 2Similarly, the vasodilating action of nitrendipine, nifedipine, nisoldipine, and nimodipine in guinea pig mesenteric vascular beds was found to be sensitive to L-N G -nitroarginine treatment. 3 The latter was more pronounced in smaller arterioles (diameter Ͻ350 m).Regarding the mechanism of action underlying the release of NO, it was shown recently by use of the fura-2 technique that the calcium antagonist nitrendipine enhances the intracellular calcium concentration in suspensions of cultured endothelial cells. 4 This effect was insensitive to thapsigargin but was sensitive to extracellular depletion of calcium, indicating that the observed increase in intracellular calcium concentration was mainly due to an influx of calcium rather than a calcium release from intracellular stores.The elevation of intracellular calcium by nitrendipine could be completely blocked by application of gadolinium, a trivalent lanthanide known to inhibit shear stress-activated cation-selective channels on endothelial cells.In addition, the authors showed that the increase in intracellular [Ca 2ϩ ] by shear stress was further enhanced in the presence of nitrendipine. 4 In summary, the release of NO from vascular endothelium is not unique to amlodipine but seems to be a group phenomenon of 1,4-dihydropyridines.The NO release may be more or less prominent when various substances in various vessel types are compared.As shown, the NO dependence of vasodilation by 1,4-dihydropyridines may also be influenced by the position of the vessels within the vascular tree. 3 In addition, this NOreleasing action is not restricted to vascular endothelium but can also be found in platelets, as shown for nifedipine, and contributes to its antiaggregatory effects.
Neuronal regulation of the development of the alpha-adrenergic chronotropic response in the rat heart.
Authors: E DDrugge, M RRosen, R BRobinson
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

During development, there are changes in the response of automatic cardiac fibers to alpha-adrenergic agonists. In neonatal rat ventricle, in vitro phenylephrine (1 X 10(-8) M) induces an increase in automatic rate from 115 +/- 12 (mean +/- SEM) to 168 +/- 10 beats/min, P less than 0.05. In contrast, in adult rat ventricle, the rate decreases from 36 +/- 8 to 12 +/- 12 beats/min, P less than 0.05. At both ages, the response is attenuated by the alpha 1-antagonist, prazosin (1 X 10(-6) M). We used cultures of neonatal rat myocytes to determine whether maturation of innervation contributes to the ontogeny of this response. All non-innervated cultures showed a positive chronotropic response to alpha-stimulation; phenylephrine (1 X 10(-8) M) increased the rate from 40 +/- 2 to 52 +/- 2 beats/min, P less than 0.05. In contrast, 60% of the myocytes innervated with sympathetic neurons showed a decrease in rate in response to phenylephrine, from 78 +/- 6 to 67 +/- 6 beats/min, P less than 0.05. The negative chron...
Comparison of hemodynamic determinants for myocardial oxygen consumption under different contractile states in human ventricle.
Authors: HTakaoka, MTakeuchi, MOdake, YHayashi, KHata, MMori, MYokoyama
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDRecently, several indexes such as tension-time index (TTI), tension-time or force-time integral (FTI), rate-pressure product (RPP), pressure-work index (PWI), and systolic pressure-volume area (PVA) have been developed as predictors of myocardial oxygen consumption in experimental and clinical studies. However, it is still unclear whether these indexes are reliable predictors of myocardial oxygen consumption under various contractile states in human hearts.METHODS AND RESULTSWe assessed the relation between TTI, FTI, RPP, PWI, and PVA and myocardial oxygen consumption per beat (VO2) in 13 patients with heart disease during volume loading. Left ventricular (LV) volume and pressure were measured simultaneously by the conductance catheter with the tipped micromanometer technique. VO2 was calculated from arterial coronary sinus oxygen content difference, and coronary sinus blood flow was measured by the thermodilution method. After z transformation of the correlation coefficients, mean z value for t...
Covid-19: How clinical academic trainees came back to the wards en masse
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Covid-19: How clinical academic trainees came back to the wards en masseWhen covid-19 first hit the UK, trainees working in clinical academia took the initiative to return to clinical practice and support the NHS's response to the virus, Abi Rimmer reports. Abi RimmerIn spring 2020, an estimated 1500+ academic trainees in England-representing more than 90% of all trainees on the National Institute for Health Research's (NIHR) Integrated Academic Training pathway-returned to clinical duties."Academic trainees made up a workforce of at least a couple of thousand people who remobilised to the front line," says Moira Whyte, chair of the UK-wide Clinical Academic Training Forum (CATF), a body that brings together a number of stakeholders involved in academic training.Almost all of the NIHR clinical lecturers, who were meant to have ringfenced research time, went back to full time clinical work, according to Whyte."Well over half of people on fellowships just stopped them and went back to clinical work, and even as late as the end of June 75% of academic trainees were still doing more clinical work than they were meant to be doing."Whyte thinks that these trainees deserve recognition."Some people wonder what clinical academics actually do and this is an impressive example of their contribution to service.Many also made contributions to research into covid," she says.
Simulation of high-resolution QRS complex using a ventricular model with a fractal conduction system. Effects of ischemia on high-frequency QRS potentials.
Authors: SAbboud, OBerenfeld, DSadeh
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Recent studies have analyzed the high-fidelity surface electrocardiographic signal, and efforts have been made to increase the diagnostic sensitivity of the electrocardiogram by observing its high-frequency components. It was found that the high-frequency (150-250-Hz) electrocardiogram appears to detect evidence of transient ischemia with greater sensitivity than visual inspection of the surface electrocardiogram. A finite-element three-dimensional model of the ventricles with a self-similar (fractal) conduction system has been introduced as a bridge to the understanding of electrocardiographic phenomena related to high-frequency potentials. The model was activated, and the dipole potential generated by adjacent activated and resting cells was calculated to obtain a high-resolution QRS complex. Normal and ischemic activation processes was stimulated by regional reduction in conduction velocity. It was found that although the resulted low-frequency QRS complex was not significantly altered from normal cond...
Noninvasive diagnosis of coronary artery disease: the cardiokymographic stress test.
Authors: R ASilverberg, G ADiamond, RVas, DTzivoni, H JSwan, J SForrester
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Stress-induced abnormalities of regional left ventricular wall motion were assessed by cardiokymography (CKG) during the course of maximal treadmill exercise tests in 157 patients, of whom 122 subsequently underwent coronary angiography. Seventy patients had significant angiographic coronary artery disease and 52 were normal. Forty-one of the 70 patients developed greater than 0.1 mV ST-segment depression (ECG sensitivity 59%) and 52 of 70 patients developed abnormal systolic outward motion by CKG (CKG sensitivity 74%). Among the 52 normals, 36 had negative ECG stress tests (ECG specificity 69%) and 49 had normally sustained systolic inward motion by CKG (CKG specificity 94%). The stress CKG was normal in 15 of the 16 false-positive stress ECGs; the stress ECG was correctly normal in two of the three false-positive stress CKG tests. Only one normal patient had concordantly false-positive ECG and CKG tests. The predictive accuracy of concordant ECG and CKG interpretations was, therefore, higher than either...
Mebhydrolin ameliorates glucose homeostasis in type 2 diabetic mice by functioning as a selective FXR antagonist
Authors: Tong Zhao, Jie Wang, Anxu He, Shan Wang, Yidi Chen, Jian Lu, Jianlu Lv, Shiliang Li, Jiaying Wang, Minyi Qian, Honglin Li, Xu Shen
Journal: Metabolism (2021)
Bone Lead Levels and Delinquent Behavior
Authors: Henrietta K. Sachs
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To the Editor.  —Contrary to the results of the study by Dr Needleman and colleagues, 1 after a 3-decade follow-up study of more than 69 of 110 (63%) of my former patients whose blood lead levels were between 4.83 and 22.68 μmol/L (100 and 470 μg/dL), I have yet to encounter the predicted outcome. Eighty percent of this cohort of inner-city black subjects graduated from high school, a third entered college, and 6 have already obtained 1 or 2 degrees. Three of the college graduates had symptoms of incipient encephalopathy before they received chelation therapy. 2   Needleman et al leave several questions unanswered. Has the x-ray fluorescence (XRF) technique been validated on children with known lead poisoning (ie, lead concentrations in blood of 3.86 μmol/L [80 μg/dL] or more)? Their study lacks a proper control population.  We have lead in our red blood cells at the time of birth, and
Reduced Exercise Capacity Is Associated With Impaired Cardiac Energetics In Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) In The Absence Of Coronary Artery Disease Or Diabetes: A Study Using 3 Tesla P-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Authors: Thanh T. Phan, Ganesh Nallur Shivu, Khalid Abozgula, Mahadevan Gnanadevan, Brar Ahmed, L Williams, Ula Naidoo, Rebekah Weaver, Michael Frenneaux
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Construction of nanofibrous scaffolds with interconnected perfusable microchannel networks for engineering of vascularized bone tissue
Authors: Jiani Gu, Qianqian Zhang, Mengru Geng, Weizhong Wang, Jin Yang, Atta ur Rehman Khan, Haibo Du, Zhou Sha, Xiaojun Zhou, Chuanglong He
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)

Vascularization and bone regeneration are two closely related processes during bone reconstruction. A three-dimensional (3D) scaffold with porous architecture provides a suitable microenvironment for vascular growth and bone formation. Here, we present a simple and general strategy to construct a nanofibrous poly(l-lactide)/poly(ε-caprolactone) (PLLA/PCL) scaffold with interconnected perfusable microchannel networks (IPMs) based on 3D printing technology by combining the phase separation and sacrificial template methods. The regular and customizable microchannel patterns within the scaffolds (spacings: 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, and 0.6 mm; diameters: 0.8 mm, 1 mm, and 1.2 mm) were made to investigate the effect of microchannel structure on angiogenesis and osteogenesis. The results of subcutaneous embedding experiment showed that 0.5/0.8-IPMs (spacing/diameter = 0.5/0.8) and 0.5/1-IPMs (spacing/diameter = 0.5/1) scaffolds exhibited more vascular network formation as compared with other counterparts. After loading with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), [email protected]/0.8 scaffold prompted better human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) migration and neo-blood vessel formation, as determined by Transwell migration, scratch wound healing, and chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assays. Furthermore, the microangiography and rat cranial bone defects experiments demonstrated that [email protected]/0.8 scaffold exhibited better performance in vascular network formation and new bone formation compared to [email protected]/1 scaffold. In summary, our results suggested that the microchannel structure within the scaffolds could be tailored by an adjustable caramel-based template strategy, and the combination of interconnected perfusion microchannel networks and angiogenic factors could significantly enhance vascularization and bone regeneration.
A Novel Intergenic Region Between KLHL31 and LRRC1-ALK Exon 20 Fusion Variant in Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma and its Remarkable Response to ALK Inhibitor
Authors: Huibing Qiu, Qianwen Li, Yajie Xiao, Dongfang Wu, Rui Meng
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Trends in Female Authorship in Major Journals of 3 Oncology Disciplines, 2002-2018
Authors: Anirudh Yalamanchali, Emily S. Zhang, Reshma Jagsi
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

<h3>Importance</h3> Gender disparity exists among authors of the oncology literature. <h3>Objective</h3> To quantify trends in authorship by gender within a comprehensive data set of Medline-indexed oncology articles in medical journals with high impact factors. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This cross-sectional study used Medline citations to examine archives of research journals from 3 disciplines in the oncology literature. Authors from all oncology-related articles with Medical Subject Headings terms assigned from 2002 to 2018 from 13 general oncology/medicine, radiation oncology, and surgical journals were included for analysis, encompassing clinical trials, observational studies (excluding case reports), reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and all other published articles. Data were analyzed between April and May 2020. <h3>Exposures</h3> Authors were assigned genders based on societal naming norms via third-party gender identification service Gender-API.com. This assignment was internally validated based on manually obtained publicly available data on the internet. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Trend in female authorship over time while considering journal type, authorship position, and article type. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 420 526 authors from 58 368 articles were found, of which 400 945 were assigned a gender based on their name. In total, 29.5% (95% CI, 29.4%-29.6%) of authors were identified as female, rising from 25.5% (95% CI, 24.7%-26.3%) in 2002 to 31.7% (95% CI, 31.2%-32.3%) in 2018. Each subgroup of primary article type by journal type saw a rise in female authorship over the studied period. For primary articles, last authors were less likely to be women than first authors, regardless of journal type, year, and primary article type (eg, general oncology: odds ratio [OR], 0.60; 95% CI, 0.52-0.69). For general oncology articles, women were less likely to be authors of clinical trials at each authorship position than authors at that respective position for observational studies (first, second, and last authors: OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.49-0.67; other authors: OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.79-0.89). This difference was not seen for radiation oncology or surgical oncology journals. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> This cross-sectional study found that female authorship in oncology research literature has increased. However, there remains a dearth of female senior authors, and the overall rise in female authorship has not kept up with the rise in female oncology faculty.
Re: Prospective Assessment of Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness Using 3-T Diffusion-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging–guided Biopsies Versus a Systematic 10-core Transrectal Ultrasound Prostate Biopsy Cohort
Authors: Jinyi Li, Siobhan Gruschow, Ashutosh Tewari
Journal: European Urology (2012)
17 beta-estradiol preserves endothelial vasodilator function and limits low-density lipoprotein oxidation in hypercholesterolemic swine.
Authors: J FKeaney, G TShwaery, AXu, R JNicolosi, JLoscalzo, T LFoxall, J AVita
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDCardiovascular events are less prevalent in premenopausal women and women receiving estrogen replacement than in postmenopausal women or men. Endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) is an important local modulator of vascular tone, and abnormal endothelial function is related, in part, to the oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Estrogens possess substantial antioxidant activity and inhibit LDL modification in vitro.METHODS AND RESULTSWe investigated the effects of 17 beta-estradiol (E2) on endothelial vasomotor function in cholesterol-fed miniature swine. Animals underwent ovariectomy or a sham procedure and received E2 or placebo via implant yielding three groups: sham, ovariectomy (E2 placebo), and implant (E2 implant). After 16 weeks, coronary arteries were harvested and endothelial function was examined in vitro. Vessels from the sham and implant groups demonstrated preserved endothelium-dependent relaxation to bradykinin, substance P, and A23187. Vessels from the ova...