tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Increased vascular responsiveness to norepinephrine in rats with heart failure is endothelium dependent. Dissociation of basal and stimulated nitric oxide release.
Authors: J RTeerlink, G AGray, MClozel, J PClozel
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDEndothelial dysfunction and abnormal vascular responsiveness to vasoconstrictors may play an important role in chronic heart failure (CHF). The purpose of our study was to (1) evaluate whether the vascular response to norepinephrine is abnormal in a rat model of heart failure; (2) investigate the role of alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenergic receptors; and (3) assess the contribution of the endothelium, and specifically endothelium-derived nitric oxide, to this response.METHODS AND RESULTSConcentration-response curves of rat thoracic aortic rings were studied in isolated organ baths at 1 week after coronary artery ligation. In CHF rats, norepinephrine-induced contractions were increased in intact rings compared with rings from sham rats, despite decreased contraction in denuded rings. Decreased alpha 1-receptor sensitivity was demonstrated by the increased EC50 of methoxamine in endothelium-denuded rings from CHF rats, although maximal responses to KCl contraction were also decreased in CHF. There was...
The blood-brain and blood-tumor barriers: A review of strategies for increasing drug delivery
Authors: Dennis R. Groothuis
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2000)

Drug delivery to brain tumors has been a controversial subject.Some believe the blood-brain barrier is not important, while others believe it is the major obstacle in treatment and have devised innovative approaches to circumvent it.These approaches can be divided into two categories: those that attempt to increase drug delivery of intravascularly administered drugs by manipulating either the drugs or capillary permeability, and those that attempt to increase drug delivery by local administration.Several strategies have been developed to increase the fraction of intravascular drug reaching the tumor, including intraarterial administration, barrier disruption, new ways of packaging drugs, and, most recently, inhibiting drug ef ux from tumor.When given intravascularly, all drugs have a common drawback: the body acts as a sink, and, even in the best situations, only a small fraction of administered drug actually reaches the tumor.A consequence is that systemic toxicity is usually the dose-limiting factor.When given locally, such as into the cerebrospinal uid or directly into the tumor, 100% of an administered dose is delivered to the target site.However, local delivery is associated with variable and unpredictable spatial distribution and variation in drug concentration.The major dose-lim-iting factor of most local delivery methods will be neurotoxicity.The relative advantages and disadvantages of the different methods of circumventing the blood-brain barrier are presented in this review, and special attention is given to convection-enhanced delivery, which has particular promise for the local delivery of large therapeutic agents such as monoclonal antibodies, antisense oligonucleotides, or viral vectors.
Biofilm Formation In Duodenoscope Working Channels In A Simulated Ercp Setting
Authors: J Kwakman, M Bruno, M Vos
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Despite adjustments of the distal tip, with completely disposable caps and elevators, contamination of duodenoscopes still prevails. This might be due to biofilm formation inside the channels. In this study, biofilm formation inside working channels of duodenoscopes was researched in a simulated ERCP setting.
The Right Choice
Authors: Jorge Antunex de Mayolo
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —A few months ago I took my 12-year-old daughter along for morning rounds during Parent's Career Day. The fast pace of moving from intensive care unit to medical wards to pathology and radiology offices and then across town for an endless clinic seemed certain to encourage her in her plans to become a lawyer, and I do not add the stress of frequent buzzing of the beeper and recurrent overhead calls in the hospital. However, her announcement that evening that she had decided to switch to medicine left me enjoying in secret pride the enormous fulfillment we can still harvest from our profession. The endearment with medical practice that Dr Small<sup>1</sup>refers to goes far beyond the bitterness and disappointment that may come together with it. Young people are not blind to the daily battles of our profession. They are just able to sense the personal
Contribution of prostaglandins to the renal circulation in conscious, anesthetized, and laparotomized dogs.
Authors: N ATerragno, D ATerragno, J CMcGiff
Journal: Circulation Research (1977)

The effects of an inhibitor of prostaglandin (PG) synthetase, indomethacin, were studied on renal blood flow (RBF) and mean aortic blood pressure (MABP) and related to changes in concentrations of PGs in renal venous blood under widely different experimental conditions. Although levels of PGE-like material (PGE) in renal venous blood of the chloralose-anesthetized-laparotomized dog were 8-fold greater than in conscious dogs, viz., 0.39 vs. 0.05 ng/ml of blood, respectively, RBF and MABP were similar for each group. Indomethacin in doses as high as 10 mg/kg, iv, affected neither RBF, MABP, nor PG levels either in the conscious dog or in the anesthetized dog. However, in the anesthetized-laparotomized dog, smaller doses of indomethacin (2 mg/kg, iv) decreased RBF by more than 40% and increased MABP by 15%. This was associated with a decline in concentration of renal venous PGs to those levels observed in conscious dogs. The principal renal PG varied according to the experimental conditions. The venous lev...
A Phase <scp>II</scp> study of autologous mesenchymal stromal cells and c‐kit positive cardiac cells, alone or in combination, in patients with ischaemic heart failure: the <scp>CCTRN CONCERT‐HF</scp> trial
Authors: Roberto Bolli, Raul D. Mitrani, Joshua M. Hare, Carl J. Pepine, Emerson C. Perin, James T. Willerson, Jay H. Traverse, Timothy D. Henry, Phillip C. Yang, Michael P. Murphy, Keith L. March, Ivonne H. Schulman, Sohail Ikram, David P. Lee, Connor O'Brien, Joao A. Lima, Mohammad R. Ostovaneh, Bharath Ambale‐Venkatesh, Gregory Lewis, Aisha Khan, Ketty Bacallao, Krystalenia Valasaki, Bangon Longsomboon, Adrian P. Gee, Sara Richman, Doris A. Taylor, Dejian Lai, Shelly L. Sayre, Judy Bettencourt, Rachel W. Vojvodic, Michelle L. Cohen, Lara Simpson, David Aguilar, Catalin Loghin, Lem Moyé, Ray F. Ebert, Barry R. Davis, Robert D. Simari
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2021)
Baroreflex control of the cutaneous active vasodilator system in humans.
Authors: D LKellogg, J MJohnson, W AKosiba
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

Cutaneous arterioles are controlled by vasoconstrictor and active vasodilator sympathetic nerves. To find out whether the active vasodilator system is under baroreceptor control, laser-Doppler velocimetry and the local iontophoresis of bretylium were combined to allow selective study of the active vasodilator system. Each of six subjects had two forearm sites (0.64 cm2) treated with bretylium to abolish adrenergic vasoconstrictor control. Laser-Doppler velocimetry was monitored at those sites and at two adjacent untreated sites. Subjects underwent 3 minutes of lower-body negative pressure (LBNP) and 3 minutes of cold stress to verify blockade of vasoconstrictor nerves. They were then subjected to whole-body heat stress (water-perfused suits), and the 3 minutes of LBNP was repeated. Finally, subjects were returned to normothermia, and LBNP and cold stress were repeated to verify the persistence of blockade. During the application of LBNP in normothermia, cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) fell at untreat...
The effect of verapamil on mechanical performance of acutely ischemic and reperfused myocardium in the conscious dog.
Authors: L GSherman, CLiang, W EBoden, W BHood
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

The effect of verapamil, an inhibitor of transmembrane calcium flux, was studied in intact conscious dogs with myocardial ischemia produced by inflating a balloon cuff implanted on the left anterior descending coronary artery. Six dogs received a continuous infusion of verapamil (10 microgram/kg per min) beginning prior to coronary occlusion, and six received normal saline infusions. Systolic ejection shortening (SES) was measured from subendocardial ultrasonic crystals implanted in the central ischemic zone (IZ) and border zone (BZ), and in a nonischemic control zone (CZ). Hearts were paced at a constant heart rate with periodic introduction of closely coupled extrasystoles. SES was measured both for normally paced beats and during postextrasystolic potentiation (PESP). Regional myocardial blood flow was measured by injecting radioactive microspheres before, during, and after coronary occlusion. There were no significant differences between verapamil-treated dogs and saline control dogs in mean aortic pr...
Graduate medical education in the United States
Authors: M D PENAS
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Outcomes in EFTR with Ftrd-System: when Patient Selection is Crucial
Authors: P Soriani, A Curatolo, S Vavassori, J Rainer, L Ottaviani, G Impellizzeri, T Gabbani, S Deiana, GF Bonura, M Manno
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) with FTRD-system is a novel treatment for gastrointestinal lesions not suitable for conventional endoscopic resection. Aim of this retrospective single centre study was to assess its efficacy and safety.
Heart adaptation to acute pressure overload: an involvement of endogenous prostaglandins.
Authors: E IChazov, V DPomoinetsky, N GGeling, T ROrlova, A ANekrasova, V NSmirnov
Journal: Circulation Research (1979)

The purpose of this investigation was to study the relationships between the contractile behavior of the heart and myocardial prostaglandins. Using an open-chest model in rabbits, we assayed the left ventricular tissue content to prostaglandins (PG) E and F2 alpha at various intervals following acute pressure overload created by graduated aortic stenosis. The results suggest that the rabbits could be divided into two distinct groups based on specific hemodynamic changes following coarctation (systolic and diastolic pressure, dP/dt, and contractility index). The first group included rabbits whose adaptation to pressure overload was expressed as a gradual increase in the contractility index. The second group was comprised of rabbits that developed heart failure following coarctation. The increase in contractility in response to overload in the first group was paralleled by an increase in the content of PGE and PGF 2 alpha in the left ventricle, whereas, in rabbits with heart failure, the prostaglandin level...
Transvenous angioplasty of experimental branch pulmonary artery stenosis in newborn lambs.
Authors: J ELock, TNiemi, SEinzig, KAmplatz, BBurke, J LBass
Journal: Circulation (1981)

A dilatable form of bilateral branch pulmonary artery stenosis was created in 27 newborn lambs. Nine lambs were long-term survivors and were dilated with modified Gruntzig balloon dilation catheters. They were allowed to recover for 6-9 weeks, during which time there was no significant change in the mean systolic gradients across the narrowed sites. Thirteen arteries underwent dilation. Dilation was associated with a decrease in the systolic gradient in all cases (from 34.9 mm Hg to 8.1 mm Hg) and an increase in the diameter of the narrowed site (from 4.6 to 7.6 mm) as estimated by angiography. Flows and flow distribution were measured in four lambs before and after unilateral dilation using 15-mu radiolabeled microspheres; in each case, the fraction of total flow to the dilated lung rose after dilation (19.2 to 45.4%), as did the total flow to the dilated lung (30.0 to 69.2 ml/kg-min). Four lambs were catheterized every 2-4 weeks for an average of 16 weeks after dilation; the average gradient in these la...
Phase III trial of concurrent thoracic radiotherapy with either first- or third-cycle chemotherapy for limited-disease small-cell lung cancer
Authors: J.-M. Sun, Y.C. Ahn, E.K. Choi, M.-J. Ahn, J.S. Ahn, S.-H. Lee, D.H. Lee, H. Pyo, S.Y. Song, S.-H. Jung, J.S. Jo, J. Jo, H.J. Sohn, C. Suh, J.S. Lee, S.-W. Kim, K. Park
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
Balloon angioplasty for recurrent coarctation of aorta. Immediate and long-term results.
Authors: Z MHijazi, J TFahey, C SKleinman, W EHellenbrand
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDAs angioplasty techniques have been refined and larger low-profile balloons developed, a nonsurgical approach to recoarctation has become available. Several reports have documented both the efficacy and safety of this procedure. However, there are little data available on the long-term follow-up of these patients. This report details the initial results and long-term evaluation of both the relief of obstruction and the presence of hypertension after balloon angioplasty for recurrent coarctation.METHODS AND RESULTSBalloon angioplasty for recurrent coarctation of the aorta was performed 29 times in 26 patients at a median age of 4 years and 9 months (range, 4 months to 29 years), with eight patients less than 1 year old. Initial surgical techniques were end-to-end anastomosis in 11 patients, subclavian flap aortoplasty in 11 patients, and patch aortoplasty in four patients. Angioplasty was performed at a median interval of 2 years and 7 months (range, 4 months to 23 years) after surgery. Mean peak...
Power-afterload relation in the failing human ventricle.
Authors: Y CChiu, P WArand, J DCarroll
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

Animal studies have shown that the power output of the left ventricle is related to afterload by a bell-shaped curve. Furthermore, the normal ventricle operates at the maximum power point, whereas the diseased ventricle operates off the maximum power point because of increased afterload. We studied this relation in eight patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. A high-fidelity catheter with micromanometer pressure and electromagnetic velocity transducers was used to measure blood pressure and flow velocity in the ascending aorta. The latter was converted into volumetric flow by calibrating with the simultaneously determined thermodilution cardiac output. Ventricular power was calculated by dividing the integral of the aortic blood pressure-flow product by the duration of the cardiac cycle. Intravenous nitroprusside was used to alter afterload and the power-afterload relation was obtained by plotting power against mean aortic blood pressure. In all patients, as blood pressure was lowered initially, the power ...
Human cardiac myosin heavy chain genes. Isolation of a genomic DNA clone and its characterization and of a second unique clone also present in the human genome.
Authors: D FCatanzaro, B JMorris
Journal: Circulation Research (1986)

A gene sequence coding for myosin heavy chain (MHC) of human cardiac muscle was isolated by screening a human genomic library with a 32P-labelled 1.1kb SacI restriction fragment from a previously characterized cDNA clone specifying the light meromyosin and 3' untranslated region of mRNA encoding rabbit cardiac alpha-MHC. The DNA of this human genomic clone (lambda HCMHC8) hybridized much more strongly than did other clones isolated under similar, low stringency conditions both to the rabbit cDNA probe and to mRNA isolated from rat cardiac, but not skeletal, muscle tissue. Probe made from a DNA restriction fragment of lambda HCMHC8 hybridized a single 31S band of human ventricular mRNA. This size is identical to that of cardiac MHC mRNA of other species. Heteroduplex analysis showed hybridization of lambda HCMHC8 with exon segments in a rabbit cardiac MHC genomic clone (lambda MHC alpha 12/1). It also showed that lambda HCMHC8 spanned 14 kb of DNA and contained exon segments estimated to code for two-third...
Hysteresis in the excitability of isolated guinea pig ventricular myocytes.
Authors: PLorente, CDelgado, MDelmar, DHenzel, JJalife
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Hysteresis phenomena were demonstrated in the excitability of single, enzymatically dissociated guinea pig ventricular myocytes. Membrane potentials were recorded with patch pipettes in the whole-cell current-clamp configuration. Repetitive stimulation with depolarizing current pulses of constant cycle length and duration but varying strength led to predictable excitation (1:1) and nonexcitation (1:0) patterns depending on current strength. However, transition between patterns depended on the direction of current strength change, and stable hysteresis loops were obtained in stimulus-response pattern versus current strength plots in 31 cells. Increase of pulse duration and decrease of stimulation rate contributed to a reduction in hysteresis loop areas. In addition, at the abrupt transitions from 1:0 to 1:1 patterns, a latency adaptation phenomenon was consistently observed. Bath application of tetrodotoxin (30 microM) produced no change of hysteresis, whereas hysteresis was substantially decreased in coba...
Dementia and ethics: views of informal carers
Authors: T. J M van der Cammen, D. H Stuit
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2002)

The article by Dr Hughes and his colleagues (May 2002 JRSM1) is excellent. May we briefly record our own findings. Between 1 September 2001 and 1 March 2002 we (DS) conducted interviews about all aspects of care with the marriage partners of 37 people with dementia attending our memory clinic. The group consisted of 28 women and 9 men, mean age 80 years (range 67-86), mean duration of marriage 40 years (26-58). All participants gave written informed consent. The study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Erasmus Medical Centre.

The ethical dilemmas described by Hughes et al. were reported by the partners in our study. In addition, we found that these older carers saw a duty to continue caring for their demented spouse despite the considerable physical and psychological stress of doing so. Two-thirds reported that they felt pressurized by their children, who considered it normal that they should carry out this task. Moreover, the partners reported that the children were often against the initiation of care which could ease the burden for the partner, such as that involving home help, district nurse, day care or day treatment. The children were perceived to be taking the side of the person with dementia, failing to recognize and support the efforts of the partner—a cause of additional psychological stress. We also observed that ethical dilemmas were more stressful and burdensome when the quality of the marriage was described as poor.

We were surprised to find that, despite intensive medical and psychosocial counselling from the early stages of dementia onwards, most partners felt that they had not been able to foresee the consequences of the dementia process and the associated tasks. Asking our social worker for help or telephoning him was considered a betrayal. The partners indicated that there were many moments when they hoped for a phone call or home visit from the social worker, which they themselves did not want to initiate because it made them feel guilty—as if they were doing it ‘behind his back’. Feelings of guilt and betrayal arose especially in relation to decisions about stopping car-driving and about eventual placement in a psychogeriatric nursing home.

Our findings reinforce the message of Hughes and his colleagues—that professionals must be alert and sensitive to the ethical dilemmas faced by non-professional carers.
Response to: ‘Correspondence on ‘Lupus or not? SLE Risk Probability Index (SLERPI): a simple, clinician-friendly machine learning-based model to assist the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus’ by Batu<i>et al</i>
Authors: Christina Adamichou, George Bertsias
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

Response to: 'Correspondence on 'Lupus or not?SLE Risk Probability Index (SLERPI): a simple, clinician-friendly machine learning-based model to assist the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus' by Batu et al We would like to thank Batu et al 1 for the interest in our work and for evaluating the performance of SLE Risk Probability Index (SLERPI) 2 in paediatric SLE patients.In their analysis using the simple scoring version of the index as a binary outcome, the sensitivity and specificity was 90.0% and 81.2%, respectively. 1Applying a more stringent cut-off of >8 resulted in a sensitivity of 81.2% and a specificity of 89.4%.Notably, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the scoring version of SLERPI was 0.94 (95% CI 0.919 to 0.968), suggesting a good discriminating capacity. 1 To put these results into context, one should consider the fact that the SLERPI was developed based on features derived from exclusively adult patients, 2 the index performs optimally as a continuous probabilistic (rather than binary) model (https://www.rheumatologyuoc.4][5] In this regard, previous studies have indicated a tendency for lower overall performance of the SLE classification criteria, especially the ACR 1997 and EULAR/ACR 2019, in childhood-onset/juvenile patients with early disease, 6-8 although there is scantiness of direct adult-paediatric comparative analyses.Interestingly, and in line with the suggestion by Batu et al 1 for using a higher SLERPI cut-off point (>8), increasing the classification threshold of the EULAR/ACR 2019 criteria resulted in enhanced specificity to detect paediatric cases of SLE versus mimicking disorders. 7 9 On another point, Batu et al 1 reported haemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) as the two diseases most frequently misclassified as SLE by the SLERPI.Although we acknowledge that neither disorder was included in the SLERPI derivation or validation datasets, HUS is rarely encountered during adult life.MCTD can indeed be challenging to differentiate from lupus, which may contribute to reduced specificity of the existing SLE classification criteria. 9 10Intriguingly, a significant proportion of patients initially diagnosed as MCTD may evolve into another defined connective tissue disease including SLE 11 ; therefore, it would be tempting to evaluate SLERPI as a prognostic index in such cases.To this end, we welcome the initiative of Batu et al to evaluate SLERPI in paediatric cases, as well as any future efforts to further validate and calibrate the utility of this tool in different clinical settings and populations.
Efficacy and safety of ascending doses of moxidectin against Strongyloides stercoralis infections in adults: a randomised, parallel-group, single-blinded, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging, phase 2a trial
Authors: Daniela Hofmann, Somphou Sayasone, Khanpaseuth Sengngam, Bounthunh Chongvilay, Jan Hattendorf, Jennifer Keiser
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2021)