tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Salvage ablative radiation therapy for loco-regionally recurrent pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma following surgical resection.
Authors: Victor Ng, Melissa Zinovoy, Carla Hajj, Paul Bernard Romesser, Abraham Jing-Ching Wu, John J Cuaron, William R. Jarnagin, Eileen Mary O'Reilly, Christopher H. Crane, Marsha Reyngold
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

552 Background: Dose escalated radiation therapy for localized pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with improved outcomes (Reyngold, JAMA Onc, 2021). Overall survival (OS) and loco-regional failure (LRF) rates with ablative radiation therapy (A-RT) in unresectable PDAC approach those of surgery. Herein, we report outcomes of A-RT as loco-regional salvage after resection. Methods: A prospective database (2016 onward) has been maintained of all patients receiving A-RT at for PDAC. A-RT is defined as a biologically effective dose (BED) ≥96 Gy (α/β = 10). We analyzed consecutive patients from June 2016 through January 2021 who received A-RT for isolated loco-regional recurrences after resection. Survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Sixty-nine patients (40 men, 29 women) with median age of 67 received A-RT for loco-regionally recurrent PDAC. At diagnosis of recurrence, median disease-free interval from time of initial resection was 15.6 months (range 6.2–82.7) and median CA 19-9 was 65 U/mL (range &lt; 1–1087). Twenty-one patients (30%) received neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to surgery: pancreaticoduodenectomy (57 patients, 83%) or distal pancreatectomy (12 patients, 17%). There was a negative resection margin in 55 patients (80%). Most had T1/T2 (61 patients, 88%) and node-positive disease (44 patients, 64%). Radiation fractionation ranged from 5-25 fractions (median 25) to a total dose of 50-75 Gy (median 75). Median follow up was 16.2 months from RT. Median OS was 26.5 months from diagnosis of recurrence and 20.7 months from time of salvage A-RT. Twelve- and 24-month OS were 78.5% (95% CI 66.3–86.7) and 40.3% (25.8–54.3), respectively. In-field local failure was 8.5% (0.3–36.0) at 12 months and 27.5% (5.2–57.0) at 24 months. Respective disease-free survival at 12 and 24 months were 32.9% (21.7–44.1) and 12.3% (5.7–21.6). Grade 3 or greater gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) occurred in 7 patients (10%), including one grade 4 event while on anticoagulation and one grade 5 event in a patient with portal hypertension. Conclusions: A-RT achieves favorable OS and LRF outcomes in patients with PDAC and an isolated loco-regional recurrence after surgical resection.
Risk Stratification for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Using a Combination of Genetic and Environmental Risk Scores: An International Multi-Center Study
Authors: Alexi N Archambault, Jihyoun Jeon, Yi Lin, Minta Thomas, Tabitha A Harrison, D Timothy Bishop, Hermann Brenner, Graham Casey, Andrew T Chan, Jenny Chang-Claude, Jane C Figueiredo, Steven Gallinger, Stephen B Gruber, Marc J Gunter, Feng Guo, Michael Hoffmeister, Mark A Jenkins, Temitope O Keku, Loïc Le Marchand, Li Li, Victor Moreno, Polly A Newcomb, Rish Pai, Patrick S Parfrey, Gad Rennert, Lori C Sakoda, Jeffrey K Lee, Martha L Slattery, Mingyang Song, Aung Ko Win, Michael O Woods, Neil Murphy, Peter T Campbell, Yu-Ru Su, Iris Lansdorp-Vogelaar, Elisabeth F P Peterse, Yin Cao, Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Peter S Liang, Mengmeng Du, Douglas A Corley, Li Hsu, Ulrike Peters, Richard B Hayes
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2022)

The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) among individuals aged younger than 50 years has been increasing. As screening guidelines lower the recommended age of screening initiation, concerns including the burden on screening capacity and costs have been recognized, suggesting that an individualized approach may be warranted. We developed risk prediction models for early-onset CRC that incorporate an environmental risk score (ERS), including 16 lifestyle and environmental factors, and a polygenic risk score (PRS) of 141 variants.
GBM AGILE: A global, phase 2/3 adaptive platform trial to evaluate multiple regimens in newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma.
Authors: Patrick Y. Wen, Ingo K. Mellinghoff, Meredith Becker Buxton, Webster K. Cavenee, Howard Colman, John Frederick De Groot, Benjamin M. Ellingson, Gary B. Gordon, Mustafa Khasraw, Andrew B. Lassman, Michael Lim, James R. Perry, Kirk Tanner, Michael Weller, W. K. Alfred Alfred Yung, Timothy Francis Cloughesy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

TPS2074 Background: GBM AGILE, Glioblastoma Adaptive, Global, Innovative Learning Environment, is an international, multi-arm, seamless phase 2/3 response adaptive randomization platform trial designed to evaluate multiple therapies in newly diagnosed (ND) and recurrent glioblastoma (GBM) with the goal of identifying effective therapies matching them accurately to different patient subtypes in an accelerated manner. It is a collaboration between academic investigators, patient organizations and industry to support new drug applications for newly diagnosed and recurrent GBM. Methods: The primary objective of GBM AGILE is to identify therapies that effectively improve overall survival in patients with ND or recurrent GBM. Bayesian response adaptive randomization is used within subtypes of the disease to assign participants to investigational arms based on their performance. Operating under a Master Protocol, GBM AGILE allows multiple drugs from different pharmaceutical companies to be evaluated simultaneously and/or over time against a common standard of care control. Based on performance, a drug may graduate and move to a rapid stage 2 (phase 3) within the trial, and the totality of the data can be used for a new drug application. An active pipeline is critical to the ongoing success of GBM AGILE. With the leadership of the trial’s Arm Selection Committee, uniform processes for including new drugs have been established to ensure a consistent review of drugs/drug combinations over the course of the trial. Factors considered include relevant pre-clinical data, preliminary evidence for antitumor activity. pharmacokinetic data to support proposed drug dosing and administration, and potential biomarkers helpful for the development of a drug. GBM AGILE provides an efficient mechanism to screen and develop robust information regarding the efficacy of proposed novel therapeutics and associated biomarkers for GBM and to quickly move therapies and biomarkers into clinic. GBM AGILE received IND approval from the FDA in April 2019, screening its first patient in June 2019. Site activation is ongoing in the US, with over 35 active sites and over 425 patients screened (as of February 2021). Expansion to Canada, Europe and China are under progress. Clinical trial information: NCT03970447.
Corrigendum to ‘Degradation and osteogenic induction of a SrHPO4-coated Mg–Nd–Zn–Zr alloy intramedullary nail in a rat femoral shaft fracture model’ [Biomaterials 247(2020) 119962]
Authors: Zhe Wang, Xinyuan Wang, Yuan Tian, Jia Pei, Jian Zhang, Chang Jiang, Junming Huang, Zhiying Pang, Yuanwu Cao, Xiuhui Wang, Senbo An, Xiao Wang, Hua Huang, Guangyin Yuan, Zuoqin Yan
Journal: Biomaterials (2022)
Abstract 90: Inimitable Ouabain: The Endogenous Circulating Cardiotonic Steroid that Singularly Stimulates Sodium Potassium Pump Activity at Low Doses
Authors: Yeon Jae Kim, Elisha Hamilton, William Hannam, Chia-Chi Liu, Rachel Teh, Helge H Rasmussen, Alvaro Garcia
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

Rationale: Cardiotonic steroids (CTS), such as digoxin, have been used to treat heart failure (HF) for over 200 years. They inhibit the sodium-potassium pump (NKP), and increase cardiac contractility by inhibiting efflux of sodium through the pump (“digitalis hypothesis”). CTS possess three structural components: a saturated/unsaturated lactone ring, steroid core, and sugar moiety, each of which may be involved in NKP inhibition/stimulation. It is now known that inhibition of the NKP in patients with HF increases mortality, and all major beneficial treatments increase its activity. Endogenous circulating CTS such as ouabain are generally thought to inhibit the NKP, despite studies sporadically reporting ouabain-induced pump stimulation. This study aims to identify whether ouabain-induced pump stimulation occurs, and if so, which structural components are involved in causing pump stimulation. Methods &amp; Results: Cardiac myocytes were isolated from male New Zealand White rabbits, placed in a Tyrode’s solution, and whole-cell patch clamped. They were exposed to 0-30nM ouabain, 0-50nM dihydroouabain (ouabain with a saturated lactone ring) or 0-500nM ouabagenin (ouabain lacking a sugar moiety) for 1 min, followed by a potassium-free solution, with the difference in current yielding the NKP current. Compared to the 0.47±0.05 pA/pF Tyrode’s solution control (n=11), 5nM ouabain significantly increased NKP current to 0.69±0.09 pA/pF ( P &lt;0.05, n=6). Exposure to dihydroouabain or ouabagenin did not significantly change NKP current in the studied concentration range. Cell viability assays carried out on the breast cancer cell line MCF7, which have an NKP structure extremely similar to that of cardiomyocytes, showed significantly elevated viability above control values (n=2) following 24h treatment with 0-9nM ouabain; maximum viability was 116±5% at 0.28nM ( P &lt;0.05, n=4). A significant change in viability was not observed for ouabagenin or digoxin in the same concentration range. Conclusion: Low-dose ouabain uniquely stimulates NKP activity. Low-dose dihydroouabain and ouabagenin do not, suggesting that a sugar moiety and unsaturated lactone ring are required for pump stimulation. Ouabain in its unaltered form may be a potential treatment for HF.
Elementary Chemistry.
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
False-Positive Radioiodine Uptake From an Intracranial Surgical Clip
Authors: James P. Walsh, Justin B. Sims, Pooya Iranpour
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2022)

Abstract A 73-year-old man with papillary thyroid cancer underwent total thyroidectomy and bilateral neck dissections. He was subsequently treated with 131 I. The posttherapy scan showed radioiodine uptake at the left supraorbital region, which localized to a metallic surgical clip. There was no evidence of metastasis in this area. This is not a commonly reported finding. Knowledge of this false-positive finding can help avoid unnecessary workup and treatment.
Maternal Stroke
Authors: Islam Y Elgendy, Syed Bukhari, Amr F Barakat, Carl J Pepine, Kathryn J Lindley, Eliza C Miller
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Maternal mortality rates have been steadily increasing in the United States, and cardiovascular mortality is the leading cause of death among pregnant and postpartum women. Maternal stroke accounts for a significant burden of cardiovascular mortality. Data suggest that rates of maternal stroke have been increasing in recent years. Advancing maternal age at the time of birth and the increasing prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, and other risk factors, as well, such as hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, migraine, and infections, may contribute to increased rates of maternal stroke. In this article, we provide an overview of the epidemiology of maternal stroke, explore mechanisms that may explain increasing rates of stroke among pregnant women, and identify key knowledge gaps for future investigation in this area.
Joseph Jules Dejerine (1849-1917)
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Does Interferon-α Prevent Recurrence of Malignant Tumors in Patients with Hepatitis C–Related Liver Cancer?
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Summaries for Patients15 May 2001Does Interferon-α Prevent Recurrence of Malignant Tumors in Patients with Hepatitis C–Related Liver Cancer?Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-134-10-200105150-00006 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?Hepatitis C virus can infect the liver and, in some cases, leads to severe liver disease, including liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma). Interferon-α is a drug that decreases the chances of developing liver cancer when given to patients with hepatitis C virus infection who have not yet developed cancer. Once a person develops hepatitis C–associated liver cancer, surgery is often done to remove the cancer, but the cancer returns in 70% to 80% of patients within 5 years.Why did the researchers do this particular study?To find out ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled “Effects of Long-Term Postoperative Interferon-α Therapy on Intrahepatic Recurrence after Resection of Hepatitis C Virus–Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma. A Randomized, Controlled Trial.” It is in the 15 May 2001 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 134, pages 963-967). The authors are S Kubo, S Nishiguchi, K Hirohashi, H Tanaka, T Shuto, O Yamazaki, S Shiomi, A Tamori, H Oka, S Igawa, T Kuroki, and H Kinoshita.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine. Previousarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoEffects of Long-Term Postoperative Interferon-α Therapy on Intrahepatic Recurrence after Resection of Hepatitis C Virus–Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma Shoji Kubo , Shuhei Nishiguchi , Kazuhiro Hirohashi , Hiromu Tanaka , Taichi Shuto , Osamu Yamazaki , Susumu Shiomi , Akihiro Tamori , Hiroko Oka , Sumito Igawa , Tetsuo Kuroki , and Hiroaki Kinoshita Metrics 15 May 2001Volume 134, Issue 10Page: I-7KeywordsCancer preventionCancer treatmentHepatitisHepatitis CHepatitis C virusHepatocellular carcinomaLiverLiver diseasesPatientsSurgery ePublished: 15 May 2001 Issue Published: 15 May 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Independence in allied health
Authors: R. B. Parks
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Sometimes overt, more often covert, is a feeling of antagonism among some allied health professionals regarding the role of the physician. It is not unusual to note bristling when the physician is described as the "leader" of the health care "team." The idea of a physician-dependent relationship may elicit even sharper response, and the captain-of-the-ship analogy is losing its once popular usage. The reasons for both real and apparent antagonism tend to be peculiar to each allied health profession. Suffice it to say that common threads (themselves genuinely arguable) occur—professional competence is said to ensure judgmental independence, economic independence is said to improve status, and enhanced image is linked to independence. Social scientists could observe that this phenomenon is not peculiar to the allied health professions (though some allied health personnel seem to take that view); the more numerous and crowded any society becomes, the greater the struggle for sustaining
Lighting the Way for Improved Detection of Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Autoimmunity.
Authors: E. Witebsky
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1961)

s1 May 1961Autoimmunity.E. Witebsky, M.D.E. Witebsky, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-54-5-1058_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSensitization to a patient's own tissue constituents has been implicated in the etiology of several diseases in recent years. However, the justification for such an assumption in each case demands critical analysis. Thyroglobulin has been found to be auto-antigenic. In our hands, rabbit thyroglobulin incorporated into Freund adjuvants and injected intradermally into normal rabbits produced circulating antibodies, as well as histologic changes in the thyroid gland of the immunized animal which resembled those of chronic thyroiditis in man. Also, thyroglobulin, when reinjected into the same rabbit, proved to be antigenic. The sera of patients suffering from chronic thyroiditis frequently were... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Buffalo, N. Y. (ML) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1961Volume 54, Issue 5Page: 1058-1059KeywordsAntibodiesAntigensAutoimmunityEtiologyRabbitsThyroglobulinThyroid ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1961 PDF downloadLoading ...
Treatment of diffuse in-stent restenosis with rotational atherectomy followed by radiation therapy with a 188Re$z.sbnd;MAG3-filled balloon (R4 trial): QCA analysis Seong-Wook Park, Myeong-Ki Hong, Dae-Hyuk Moon, Seung-Jun Oh, Sung-Tae Cho, Cheol Whan Lee, Jae-Joong Kim, Seung-Jung Park. Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Abstract 17065: Final Results of the AHA Guideline Transformation Optimization Initiative
Authors: Comilla Sasson, Alice Jacobs
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Although guideline directed care has been shown to improve outcomes of Non-ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome (NSTE-ACS) patients, dissemination and implementation of updated guideline recommendations are variable and often delayed. Methods: In 2014, the American Heart Association (AHA) launched the Guideline Transformation Optimization (GTO) initiative, designed to decrease the time to implementation of guideline recommendations by increasing knowledge and awareness for three target audiences: healthcare professionals, patients, and hospital systems. Guideline content was delivered using rapid formats via mobile applications intended for point-of-care provider and patient use, web-based content and media campaigns. The first guidelines to undergo this new organizational paradigm shift were the 2014 NSTE-ACS Guidelines and the 2016 Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Focused Update. We determined the reach to our target audiences and hospital-level achievement of NSTE-ACS quality measures using 2016 data from ACTION Registry-Get-With-The Guidelines. Results: Over 3 years (2014-17), there were 83,000 downloads of the healthcare professional mobile application and 4,365 attendees at 4 AHA professional education webinars. As a result of attending the webinar, 87% of learners said their practice would change. The patient campaign achieved over 2.7 billion media impressions, 32.6 million unique visitors to AHA’s heart attack webpages, and 26.2 million social media engagements. My Cardiac Coach mobile application for NSTE-ACS was downloaded by 8,500 patients. Among the 797 participating AHA “Mission: Lifeline” hospitals, 42 achieved early adopter recognition in 2015, defined as achieving all 5 target quality measures: cardiac rehabilitation referral, ACE/ ARB prescription at discharge, dual antiplatelet prescription, evaluation of left ventricular systolic function and smoking cessation education. Recognition was achieved by 296 hospitals in 2017. Conclusion: Three years after launch of the GTO initiative, AHA was able to meet its 2020 goals of decreasing time to translation of scientific guidelines, increasing provider and patient education and awareness, and increasing guideline adherence in almost 300 U.S. hospitals.
Gender and racial equity in clinical research for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Annie-Claude Jalbert, Lyna Siafa, Agnihotram V. Ramanakumar, Deborah Assayag
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2022)

<b>Racial and gender-based disparities exist in clinical studies of IPF: 14% of participants in registries or RCTs in IPF are non-white, while the pooled proportion of women in clinical trials is 22%, compared to 27% in prospective registry studies</b>https://bit.ly/3I6DfnJ