tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Persistent luminescence phosphor as in-vivo light source for tumoral cyanobacterial photosynthetic oxygenation and photodynamic therapy
Authors: Meiqi Chang, Wei Feng, Li Ding, Hongguang Zhang, Caihong Dong, Yu Chen, Jianlin Shi
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)

Tumor oxygenation level has been regarded as an attractive target to elevate the efficiency of photodynamic therapy (PDT). Cyanobacterial photosynthesis-mediated reversal of tumor hypoxia could enable an oxygen-boosted PDT, but is limited by scant penetration depth and efficiency of external light. Herein, aiming at the dual purposes of reducing biological toxicity induced by long-term light irradiation and alleviating hypoxia, we here introduce a novel-designed CaAl2O4:Eu,Nd blue persistent luminescence material (PLM) as the in vivo light source after pre-excited in vitro. The ingenious construction of blue-emitting PLM with "optical battery" characteristics activates cyanobacterial cells and verteporfin simultaneously, which performs the successive oxygen supply and singlet oxygen generation without the long-term external excitation, resulting in the modulated tumor hypoxic microenvironment and enhanced photodynamic tumor proliferation inhibition efficiency. Both in vitro cellular assessment and in vivo tumor evaluation results affirm the advantages of self-produced oxygen PDT system and evidence the notable antineoplastic outcome. This work develops an irradiation-free photosynthetic bacteria-based PDT platform for the optimization of both oxygen production capacity and light utilization efficiency in cancer treatment, which is expected to promote the clinical progress of microbial-based photonic therapy.
IgM-MM is predominantly a pre–germinal center disorder and has a distinct genomic and transcriptomic signature from WM
Authors: Abdul Hamid Bazarbachi, Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Raphael Szalat, Anil Aktas Samur, Zachary Hunter, Masood Shammas, Jill Corre, Mariateresa Fulciniti, Kenneth C. Anderson, Giovanni Parmigiani, Steven P. Treon, Mohamad Mohty, Nikhil C. Munshi, Mehmet Kemal Samur
Journal: Blood (2021)
The human oral virome: Shedding light on the dark matter
Authors: April Martínez, Ryutaro Kuraji, Yvonne L. Kapila
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2021)

Abstract Mediators of the initiation, development, and recurrence of periodontitis include the oral microbiome embedded in subgingival plaque and the host immune response to a dysbiosis within this dynamic and complex microbial community. Although mediators have been studied extensively, researchers in the field have been unable to fully ascribe certain clinical presentations of periodontitis to their nature. Emergence of high‐throughput sequencing technologies has resulted in better characterization of the microbial oral dysbiosis that extends beyond the extensively studied putative bacterial periodontopathogens to a shift in the oral virome composition during disease conditions. Although the biological dark matter inserted by retroviruses was once believed to be nonfunctional, research has revealed that it encodes historical viral‐eukaryotic interactions and influences host development. The objective of this review is to evaluate the proposed association of herpesviruses to the etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease and survey the highly abundant prokaryotic viruses to delineate their potential roles in biofilm dynamics, as well as their interactions with putative bacterial periodontopathogens and eukaryotic cells. The findings suggest that potential novel periodontal therapies targeting or utilizing the oral virome can alleviate certain clinical presentations of periodontitis. Perhaps it is time to embrace the viral dark matter within the periodontal environment to fully comprehend the pathogenesis and systemic implications of periodontitis.
Deficiency of the X-inactivation escaping gene <i>KDM5C</i> in clear cell renal cell carcinoma promotes tumorigenicity by reprogramming glycogen metabolism and inhibiting ferroptosis
Authors: Qian Zheng, Pengfei Li, Xin Zhou, Yulong Qiang, Jiachen Fan, Yan Lin, Yurou Chen, Jing Guo, Fan Wang, Haihua Xue, Jie Xiong, Feng Li
Journal: Theranostics (2021)

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is characterized by glycogen-laden, unexplained male predominance, and frequent mutations in the Von Hippel-Lindau (
Association of maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and breastfeeding with NAFLD in young adults: a parental negative control study
Authors: Kushala WM Abeysekera, James G Orr, Paul Madley-Dowd, Gwen S Fernandes, Luisa Zuccolo, Fiona H Gordon, Deborah A Lawlor, Jon Heron, Matthew Hickman
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2021)

The importance of the maternal-infant dyad in the genesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is of increasing interest. The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) showed that at age 24, 1 in 5 had NAFLD measured by transient elastography and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP). Our aim was to investigate the association between breastfeeding duration and maternal pre-pregnancy BMI on offspring NAFLD in young adulthood.4021 participants attended clinic for FibroScan and CAP measurement using Echosens 502 Touch®. 440 participants with Alcohol Use Disorders were excluded. Offspring of 100 non-singleton pregnancies were excluded. 2961 valid CAP measurements for NAFLD were analysed. Exposures of interest were breastfeeding of any duration, ≥6months exclusive breastfeeding, and maternal pre-pregnancy BMI. Multivariable regression models estimated the odds of NAFLD at 24 years. We performed a paternal negative control test to explore residual confounding in the analyses of pre-pregnancy BMI.There was a modest inverse association of exclusive and non-exclusive breastfeeding ≥6 months having a protective effect on NAFLD in offspring (OR 0·92 [95%CI 0·66-1·27] and OR 0·90 [0·67-1·21] respectively).The odds of offspring NAFLD in overweight pre-pregnancy maternal BMI and paternal BMI was OR 2·09 [1·62-2·68] and OR 1·33 [95%CI 1·07-1·65] respectively, with the ratio of effect sizes OR 1·57 [1·11-2·22]. Similarly, odds of offspring NAFLD with obese pre-pregnancy maternal BMI and paternal BMI was OR 2·66 [1·71-4·14] and OR 1·35 [0·91-2·00] respectively, with the ratio of effect sizes OR 1·98 [1·05-3·74].Higher maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was associated with offspring NAFLD, having accounted for shared parental confounding. We did not replicate previous work that found a strong association between breastfeeding and NAFLD.Medical Research Council UK, Alcohol Research UK, David Telling Charitable Trust.
Reallocation of time between device-measured movement behaviours and risk of incident cardiovascular disease
Authors: Rosemary Walmsley, Shing Chan, Karl Smith-Byrne, Rema Ramakrishnan, Mark Woodward, Kazem Rahimi, Terence Dwyer, Derrick Bennett, Aiden Doherty
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2021)

To improve classification of movement behaviours in free-living accelerometer data using machine-learning methods, and to investigate the association between machine-learned movement behaviours and risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adults.
The role of lncRNAs and circRNAs in the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Wenxiao Jiang, Shuya Pan, Xin Chen, Zhi-wei Wang, Xueqiong Zhu
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2021)

Abstract Cancer immunotherapy has recently shown promising antitumor effects in various types of tumors. Among all immune checkpoints, the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway plays an important role in the immune evasion of tumor cells, making it a potent target in antitumor immunity. Accordingly, antibodies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway have been developed to attack tumor cells; however, resistance to immune therapy remains to be solved. Hence, identification of the underlying modulators of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is of significant importance to understand the mechanisms of antitumor immunotherapy. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified to regulate the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, leading to participation in the immune response and immunotherapy. Therefore, this review focuses on the functions of lncRNAs and circRNAs in regulation of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. We hope this review will stimulate research to supply more precise and effective cancer immune checkpoint therapies for a large number of tumors.
Chromosomal instability sensitizes patient breast tumors to multipolar divisions induced by paclitaxel
Authors: Christina M. Scribano, Jun Wan, Karla Esbona, John B. Tucker, Amber Lasek, Amber S. Zhou, Lauren M. Zasadil, Ryan Molini, Jonathan Fitzgerald, Angela M. Lager, Jennifer J. Laffin, Kayla Correia-Staudt, Kari B. Wisinski, Amye J. Tevaarwerk, Ruth O’Regan, Stephanie M. McGregor, Amy M. Fowler, Richard J. Chappell, Tim S. Bugni, Mark E. Burkard, Beth A. Weaver
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2021)

Paclitaxel cytotoxicity in breast tumors depends on multipolar spindle maintenance and preexisting chromosomal instability.
Body muscle gain and markers of cardiovascular disease susceptibility in young adulthood: A cohort study
Authors: Joshua A. Bell, Kaitlin H. Wade, Linda M. O’Keeffe, David Carslake, Emma E. Vincent, Michael V. Holmes, Nicholas J. Timpson, George Davey Smith
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2021)

The potential benefits of gaining body muscle for cardiovascular disease (CVD) susceptibility, and how these compare with the potential harms of gaining body fat, are unknown. We compared associations of early life changes in body lean mass and handgrip strength versus body fat mass with atherogenic traits measured in young adulthood.
More than 10 years after introduction of an acellular pertussis vaccine in infancy: a cross-sectional serosurvey of pertussis in the Netherlands
Authors: Pauline Versteegen, Guy A.M. Berbers, Gaby Smits, Elisabeth A.M. Sanders, Fiona R.M. van der Klis, Hester E. de Melker, Nicoline A.T. van der Maas
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2021)

Pertussis is a respiratory disease and still endemic despite high vaccination coverage. In the Dutch national immunisation programme (NIP) whole cell pertussis (wP) priming vaccines for infants were replaced by acellular pertussis (aP) priming vaccines in 2005. Serosurveillance gives the opportunity to objectively monitor effects of changes in the NIP on infection prevalence and vaccine response in the population over time.For this population-based cross-sectional serosurvey a representative sample of Dutch residents (0-89 years) was drawn in 2016/2017. Primary outcome was the percentage of participants with pertussis toxin specific antibody concentrations ≥ 100 IU/ml as an indicator of recent infection, and to identify groups possibly more vulnerable to pertussis infection. Percentages were compared with previous results from 2006/2007.In total 7621 persons were included in the analysis. An increase in recent infections from 3•5% to 5•9% was found in the population from 7 years and older (n=6013) in 2016/2017 compared with 2006/2007. Most noteworthy increase was seen in 12-18-year-olds who were wP primed and aP boosted.Infection prevalence is still increasing in the Netherlands inducing a risk of pertussis disease in vulnerable (age) groups. Delaying the preschool booster might prolong the period of protection during primary school and thereby possibly protect younger siblings. Extra boosters might be considered for risk populations like older adults and people with (pulmonary) co-morbidities, since they have higher chances of complications and hospitalisation.An unedited Dutch translation of the abstract is available in : Nederlandse samenvatting.The Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare, and Sport.
循環器病の診断と治療に関するガイドライン(2001-2002年度合同研究班報告)心疾患患者の学校,職域,スポーツにおける運動許容条件に関するガイドライン
Authors: 川久保清, 伊東春樹, 勝村俊仁, 岸田浩, 古賀義則, 坂本静男, 高田英臣, 高橋幸宏, 中沢誠
Journal: Circulation (2003)
Alternative polyadenylation dysregulation contributes to the differentiation block of acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Amanda G. Davis, Daniel T. Johnson, Dinghai Zheng, Ruijia Wang, Nathan D. Jayne, Mengdan Liu, Jihae Shin, Luyang Wang, Samuel A. Stoner, Jie-Hua Zhou, Edward D. Ball, Bin Tian, Dong-Er Zhang
Journal: Blood (2021)
Basal insulin plus GLP-1 RA or SGLT2 inhibitor was noninferior to basal-bolus insulin intensification for HbA<sub>1c</sub> in T2DM
Authors: Miranda K. Boggild, Angela M. Cheung
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2021)

Source Citation Giugliano D, Longo M, Caruso P, et al. Feasibility of simplification from a basal-bolus insulin regimen to a fixed-ratio formulation of basal insulin plus a GLP-1RA or to basal insulin plus an SGLT2 inhibitor: BEYOND, a randomized, pragmatic trial. Diabetes Care. 2021;44:1353-60. 33883195
Propensity score matching analysis of ovarian cancer patients with multiple primary malignant neoplasms using multicenter real-world data.
Authors: Qing-lei Gao, Xiaofei Jiao, Ruyuan Li, Shaoqing Zeng, Yingjun Zhao, Guanchen Ma, Yabing Huo, Ming Li, Xingyu Liu, Yang Yu, Jiahao Liu, Jianhua Chi, Yun Dai, Ya Wang, Youguo Chen, Shuzhong Yao, Jing Wang, Qingshui Li, Li Wang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

e17501 Background: Multiple primary malignant neoplasms (MPMNs) in patients with ovarian cancer is rare and has not attracted enough attention. It is unclear how the MPMNs affect the prognosis of ovarian cancer (OC) patients. Methods: This is a multicenter retrospective analysis of 5, 268 ovarian cancer patients from six centers who was diagnosed with ovarian cancer from January 1, 1989 to August 21, 2020. Propensity score matching was used to balance the baseline characteristics between patients with and without MPMNs. Cox regression analysis was utilized to analyze the influence of MPMNs on overall survival (OS). Results: After excluding unqualified medical record, totally 4, 848 patients were analyzed and 240 were concurrent at least one MPMNs other than OC. Ten patients had two MPMNs and one patient had three. The most common concurrent cancer was breast cancer (111/240, 46.25%), followed by endometrial cancer (37/240, 15.42%), and cervical cancer (30/240, 12.50%). Patients with MPMNs were elder than those without MPMNs (52 vs. 51, P = 0.03) when ovarian cancer was diagnosed. And the proportion of early-stage cases was lower in patients with MPMNs (25.8% vs. 27.2%, P &lt; 0.001). Patients with breast cancer had a higher proportion of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) than those without MPMNs. After using the propensity score matching method adjusting age, pathological type, grade, and stage, concurrent MPMNs, including breast cancer, had no effect on OS of ovarian cancer patients. Among 240 patients with MPMNs, patients with breast cancer shared similar age and stage compared with the rest patients, while their proportion of HGSOC was higher than patients with other cancer (68.4% vs. 51.1%, P = 0.028). However, the median OS of those two groups were similar (27.3 m vs.27.1 m, P = 0.744). In addition, 94 patients were diagnosed with breast cancer prior to ovarian cancer, seven diagnosed posteriorly to ovarian cancer, four diagnosed simultaneously, and six had no precise diagnosed dates. There was no remarkable difference in clinical characteristics between the prior and posterior groups, however, the median OS of those seven patients was significantly longer than the prior group (76.0 m vs. 25.4 m, P = 0.002). Conclusions: The MPMNs showed no influence on the overall survival of ovarian cancer patients. The order of diagnosis of ovarian cancer and breast cancer might affect the prognosis.
Advances in Microsensors and Wearable Bioelectronics for Digital Stethoscopes in Health Monitoring and Disease Diagnosis
Authors: Sung Hoon Lee, Yun‐Soung Kim, Woon‐Hong Yeo
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2021)

Acoustic stethoscopes have demonstrated beneficial factors aiding diagnosis from the doctors with accurate body sounds. Still, the conventional acoustic stethoscopes require a substantial amount of clinical experience and hearing skills for the physicians to accurately diagnose symptoms from abnormal sounds. Especially for cardiopulmonary systems, it is crucial to collect sounds with precision since they contain valuable information in specific frequency ranges for various sounds. This review paper summarizes recent advances and technical developments in microsensors, circuits, chips, and integrated electronics for fabricating different digital stethoscopes that offer portable detection of body sounds. They solve the limitations of conventional stethoscopes, aiming for wireless auscultation in digitized medicine. Overall, this comprehensive review will help researchers design and develop new wearable electronics and digital stethoscopes for advancing human healthcare, continuous monitoring, and better diagnosis.
Endoscopic closure of duodenocolic fistula by using an over-the-scope clip
Authors: Erol Cakmak
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

A 61-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of persistent vomiting and diarrhea for the past year. In esophagogastroduodenoscopy performed for the etiology of these symptoms, a fistula was seen in the descending part of the duodenum without any erosion and ulceration. The fistula mouth was about 8 mm wide, and endoscopy was used to view the transverse colon from the fistula mouth ([Fig. 1]). Colonoscopy revealed the fistula mouth in the hepatic flexure and diverticulum nearby ([Fig. 2]). No additional pathology such as tumors or ulcers was seen in the duodenum and colon. During esophagogastroduodenoscopy, the fistula on the descending part of the duodenum was closed by performing suction and using an over-the-scope (OTS) clip (12/6/t; Ovesco Endoscopy AG, Tubingen, Germany) ([Fig. 3]; [Video 1]). When the fistula mouth was checked with colonoscopy, it was observed to be closed ([Fig. 4]). Oral intake started the day after the procedure and there were no problems. As a result, in selected cases, an OTS clip is an effective and safe method in full-thickness closure of transmural defects such as duodenocolic fistula [1] [2] [3] [4].
Seizing the moment to rethink health systems
Authors: Kojo Nimako, Margaret E Kruk
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2021)

The COVID-19 pandemic has made vivid the need for resilient, high-quality health systems and presents an opportunity to reconsider how to build such systems. Although even well resourced, well performing health systems have struggled at various points to cope with surges of COVID-19, experience suggests that establishing health system foundations based on clear aims, adequate resources, and effective constraints and incentives is crucial for consistent provision of high-quality care, and that these cannot be replaced by piecemeal quality improvement interventions. We identify four mutually reinforcing structural investments that could transform health system performance in resource-constrained countries: revamping health provider education, redesigning platforms for care delivery, instituting strategic purchasing and management strategies, and developing patient-level data systems. Countries should seize the political and moral energy provided by the COVID-19 pandemic to build health systems fit for the future.
Controlling AIDS in Cuba
Authors: Ronald Bayer, Cheryl Healton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

Cuba has initiated a program to control Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) that is designed to limit the spread of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by implementing compulsory elements of the public health tradition. Widespread screening for HIV infection began 3 years ago, and persons identified as infected have been sent to a sanatorium located in a Havana suburb. The program also reflects concern over the marked increase in prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases. Educational effects in Cuba stress that AIDS is not a disease exclusively of homosexuals and can affect any individual. Condoms are recommended for protection. In contrast to virtually every other nation, Cuba has not made education the key focus of its anti-AIDS strategy. Education is relegated to a marginal role. Key to the policy is identifying infected individuals and bringing them under medical control. Cuba's HIV surveillance program has been carried out with use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blot assay, and antigen tests that have been developed domestically. The director of the Cuban AIDS Investigations Laboratory reports that nearly 3 million Cubans have been tested. It is estimated that among the 7 low-infection groups tested in Cuba, between 21 and 53 persons may have been inaccurately considered positive as a result of testing. Cuban authorities have expressed much interest in obtaining commercially available HIV screening kits -- both ELISA and Western blot assays -- as a standard against which to measure their own test. Despite the inevitability of continued viral transmission, Cuba's policy of a modified quarantine certainly will limit the toll of HIV infection markedly yet comes at a great price. For other nations, the imperatives of prevention, however important, are not the only values to be considered in the battle against AIDS.
Understanding a national increase in COVID-19 vaccination intention, the Netherlands, November 2020–March 2021
Authors: Jet G. Sanders, Pita Spruijt, Mart van Dijk, Janneke Elberse, Mattijs S. Lambooij, Floor M. Kroese, Marijn de Bruin
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2021)

The intention to get the COVID-19 vaccine increased from 48% (November 2020) to 75% (March 2021) as national campaigning in the Netherlands commenced. Using a mixed method approach we identified six vaccination beliefs and two contextual factors informing this increase. Analysis of a national survey confirmed that shifting intentions were a function of shifting beliefs: people with stronger intention to vaccinate were most motivated by protecting others and reopening society; those reluctant were most concerned about side effects.
간세포암종의 새로운 치료: Local therapy : 간세포암종의 양성자치료
Authors: 김대용 ( Dae Yong Kim ), 김태현 ( Tae Hyun Kim )
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2008)

Proton therapy is a heavy-charged-particle radiotherapy that is well-known for its unique physical property. The distal dramatic fall-off of radiation dose called as the Bragg peak can provide radiation oncologists to try higher conformal radiotherapy than conventional x-ray. Recently, application of proton therapy becomes more popular to overcome limitation of the radiation tolerance of adjacent normal tissue structures because of improved dose conformity caused by its unique dose distribution which is composed of sharp distal fall-off of the dose within a few millimeters. Thus, Proton therapy facilitates to deliver higher radiation doses to the target and lower radiation doses to normal tissue, which consequently induce increased tumor control and decreased radiation toxicities. Proton therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma is effective and safe. It is a practical treatment option for either cure or palliation for patients with inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma with or without portal vein thrombosis.