tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dynamic hyperinflation, chronotropic intolerance and abnormal heart rate recovery in non-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients-reflections in the mirror
Authors: R.V. Cherneva, V.M. Youroukova, Zh.Vl. Cherneva
Journal: Pulmonology (2021)

The presence of abnormal heart rate recovery (HRR) and chronotropic incompetence (CI) suggests autonomic dysfunction (AD) and is associated with diminished physical activity and increased cardio-vascular (CV) risk.Our aim is to analyse the correlation between AD and airflow obstruction - forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1), dynamic hyperinflation (DH) and disease prognosis - the BODE ... index (BMI; Obstruction ... FEV1;Dyspnea ... mMRC;E ... exercise capacity) in non-severe COPD patients without overt CV comorbidities.We used cardio-pulmonary exercise testing (CPET) with 67 subjects. Inspiratory capacity (IC) manouevres were performed for DH assessment. Echocardiography was executed before CPET and 1...2min after peak exercise. Stress left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) was assumed if stress E/e...>15.Wilkoff method calculated the metabolic-chronotropic relationship (MCR). Chronotropic incompetence (CI) and abnormal HR recovery (HRR) were determined.CI was detected in 44% of the mild and 65% of the moderate COPD patients. Abnormal HRR was present in 75% of the mild and 78% of the moderate COPD subjects. Multivariate regression analysis showed no association between FEV1, CPET parameters, BODE index, stress LVDD and AD. DH was the only independent predictor for both abnormal HRR and CI.Evaluation of AD during incremental CPET unravels lung hyperinflation as a potential mechanism of attenuated HR response and diminished physical activity in non-severe COPD free of overt CV comorbidities. This multifaceted approach to dyspnea may facilitate the discrimination of its pathogenesis and improve its proper clinical management.
Interleukin-6 mediates neutrophil mobilization from bone marrow in pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Jonathan Florentin, Jingsi Zhao, Yi-Yin Tai, Sathish Babu Vasamsetti, Scott P. O’Neil, Rahul Kumar, Anagha Arunkumar, Annie Watson, John Sembrat, Grant C. Bullock, Linda Sanders, Biruk Kassa, Mauricio Rojas, Brian B. Graham, Stephen Y. Chan, Partha Dutta
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2021)
Left Ventricular Rupture
Authors: Øyvind H. Lie, Ketil Lunde
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

A 72-year-old woman presented with a 5-day history of nausea and epigastric pain, and EKG showed anterolateral ST-segment elevations. She suddenly became pulseless, and after circulation was restored, ventriculography revealed a free-wall rupture, as shown in a video.
<i>Candida auris</i> Outbreak in a COVID-19 Specialty Care Unit — Florida, July–August 2020
Authors: Christopher Prestel, Erica Anderson, Kaitlin Forsberg, Meghan Lyman, Marie A. de Perio, David Kuhar, Kendra Edwards, Maria Rivera, Alicia Shugart, Maroya Walters, Nychie Q. Dotson
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2021)

In July 2020, the Florida Department of Health was alerted to three Candida auris bloodstream infections and one urinary tract infection in four patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who received care in the same dedicated COVID-19 unit of an acute care hospital (hospital A). C. auris is a multidrug-resistant yeast that can cause invasive infection. Its ability to colonize patients asymptomatically and persist on surfaces has contributed to previous C. auris outbreaks in health care settings (1-7). Since the first C. auris case was identified in Florida in 2017, aggressive measures have been implemented to limit spread, including contact tracing and screening upon detection of a new case. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, hospital A conducted admission screening for C. auris and admitted colonized patients to a separate dedicated ward.
Abstract 18244: Prevalence and Significance of Atrial FDG Uptake in Patients With Cardiac Sarcoidosis
Authors: Kenji Yodogawa, Yoshihiko Seino, Eugene Maru, Yuhi Fujimoto, Eiichiro Oka, Kenta Takahashi, Hiroshi Hayashi, Teppei Yamamoto, Yu-ki Iwasaki, Wataru Shimizu
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: There is increasing evidence that a certain proportion of patients with cardiac sarcoidosis have atrial arrhythmias. Although 18F-fluorodeoxy-glucose (FDG) uptake in ventricular wall ...
MO01.06 Real-World Outcomes of Immunotherapy-Based Regimens in First-Line Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: D. Waterhouse, J. Lam, K.A. Betts, L. Yin, S. Gao, Y. Yuan, J. Hartman, S. Rao, S. Lubinga, D. Stenehjem
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
<i>APOE</i> ɛ<i>4</i> Allele Testing and Risk of Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Parichita Choudhury, Vijay K Ramanan, Bradley F. Boeve
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CDC’s Emergency Management Program Activities — Worldwide, 2013–2018
Authors: Adriana Rico, Cecelia A. Sanders, Amber S. Broughton, Melanie Andrews, Francis A. Bader, David L. Maples
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2021)

CDC continually evaluates its Emergency Management Program (EMP) activities, including Incident Management System (IMS) activations, use of EMP functions (referred to as EMP utilizations), and exercises, to ensure that the agency is ready to respond to infectious disease outbreaks, disasters (human-made or natural), and security events. Such evaluation not only documents baseline preparedness and response activities during a selected analytical period, but also highlights significant EMP actions that can guide and inform future emergency operations. To characterize EMP activities that occurred during January 1, 2013-December 31, 2018, CDC conducted a retrospective analysis of operational activity logs. The results showed 253 domestic (U.S. states and territories) and international EMP activities, including 12 IMS activations, 147 EMP utilizations, and 94 exercises. Infectious diseases were the most common threat among both IMS activations (58%) and EMP utilizations (52%). CDC responded to the 2014 Ebola epidemic and the 2016 Zika outbreak; each response lasted approximately 2 years and required extended collaboration with domestic and international partners. Understanding the trends in EMP activities, including knowing the most common threats, aids CDC in allocating resources and focusing preparedness efforts. In 2013, CDC became the first federal agency to receive full agency-wide accreditation by the Emergency Management Accreditation Program (EMAP) in recognition of CDC's commitment to preparedness and its ability to respond to domestic and global public health threats. CDC received EMAP reaccreditation in December 2018 (1,2).
MO01.30 Trial in Progress: A Phase 1b Study of Sotorasib, a KRAS (G12C) Inhibitor, in Combination with other Anticancer Therapies in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors Harboring KRAS p.G12C Mutation (CodeBreaK101)
Authors: M. Fakih, G. Durm, R. Govindan, G. Falchook, N. Soman, H. Henary, D.S. Hong
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Genetic and environmental modulation of transposition shapes the evolutionary potential of Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Pierre Baduel, Basile Leduque, Amandine Ignace, Isabelle Gy, José Gil, Olivier Loudet, Vincent Colot, Leandro Quadrana
Journal: Genome biology (2021)

How species can adapt to abrupt environmental changes, particularly in the absence of standing genetic variation, is poorly understood and a pressing question in the face of ongoing climate change. Here we leverage publicly available multi-omic and bio-climatic data for more than 1000 wild Arabidopsis thaliana accessions to determine the rate of transposable element (TE) mobilization and its potential to create adaptive variation in natural settings.We demonstrate that TE insertions arise at almost the same rate as base substitutions. Mobilization activity of individual TE families varies greatly between accessions, in association with genetic and environmental factors as well as through complex gene-environment interactions. Although the distribution of TE insertions across the genome is ultimately shaped by purifying selection, reflecting their typically strong deleterious effects when located near or within genes, numerous recent TE-containing alleles show signatures of positive selection. Moreover, high rates of transposition appear positively selected at the edge of the species' ecological niche. Based on these findings, we predict through mathematical modeling higher transposition activity in Mediterranean regions within the next decades in response to global warming, which in turn should accelerate the creation of large-effect alleles.Our study reveals that TE mobilization is a major generator of genetic variation in A. thaliana that is finely modulated by genetic and environmental factors. These findings and modeling indicate that TEs may be essential genomic players in the demise or rescue of native populations in times of climate crises.
Preclinical development of CD126 CAR-T cells with broad antitumor activity
Authors: Ameet K. Mishra, Iris Kemler, David Dingli
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2021)

Abstract Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy is a transformative approach to cancer eradication. CAR-T is expensive partly due to the restricted use of each CAR construct for specific tumors. Thus, a CAR construct with broad antitumor activity can be advantageous. We identified that CD126 is expressed by many hematologic and solid tumors, including multiple myeloma, lymphoma, acute myeloid leukemia, pancreatic and prostate adenocarcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and malignant melanoma among others. CAR-T cells targeting CD126 were generated and shown to kill many tumor cells in an antigen-specific manner and with efficiency directly proportional to CD126 expression. Soluble CD126 did not interfere with CAR-T cell killing. The CAR-T constructs bind murine CD126 but caused no weight loss or hepatotoxicity in mice. In multiple myeloma and prostate adenocarcinoma xenograft models, intravenously injected CD126 CAR-T cells infiltrated within, expanded, and killed tumor cells without toxicity. Binding of soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R) by CAR-T cells could mitigate cytokine release syndrome. Murine SAA-3 levels were lower in mice injected with CD126 CAR-T compared to controls, suggesting that binding of sIL-6R by CAR-T cells could mitigate cytokine release syndrome. CD126 provides a novel therapeutic target for CAR-T cells for many tumors with a low risk of toxicity.
Two nanoformulations induce reactive oxygen species and immunogenetic cell death for synergistic chemo-immunotherapy eradicating colorectal cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Jianfeng Guo, Zhuo Yu, Dandan Sun, Yifang Zou, Yun Liu, Leaf Huang
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2021)

Abstract Background FOLFOX is a combinational regimen of folinic acid (FnA, FOL ), fluorouracil (5-Fu, F ) and oxaliplatin (OxP, OX ), and has been long considered as the standard treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recent developments of nano delivery systems have provided profound promise for improving anticancer efficacy and alleviating side effects of FOLFOX. Previously, a nanoformulation (termed Nano-Folox) containing OxP derivative and FnA was developed in our laboratory using nanoprecipitation technique. Nano-Folox induced OxP-mediated immunogenic cell death (ICD)-associated antitumor immunity, which significantly suppressed tumor growth in the orthotopic CRC mouse model when administrated in combination with free 5-Fu. Methods A nanoformulation (termed Nano-FdUMP) containing FdUMP (5-Fu active metabolite) was newly developed using nanoprecipitation technique and used in combination with Nano-Folox for CRC and HCC therapies. Results Synergistic efficacy was achieved in orthotopic CRC and HCC mouse models. It resulted mainly from the fact that Nano-FdUMP mediated the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which promoted the efficacy of ICD elicited by Nano-Folox. In addition, combination of Nano-Folox/Nano-FdUMP and anti-PD-L1 antibody significantly inhibited CRC liver metastasis, leading to long-term survival in mice. Conclusion This study provides proof of concept that combination of two nano delivery systems can result in successful FOLFOX-associated CRC and HCC therapies. Further optimization in terms of dosing and timing will enhance clinical potential of this combination strategy for patients. Graphical abstract
Gradient of Developmental and Injury Response transcriptional states defines functional vulnerabilities underpinning glioblastoma heterogeneity
Authors: Laura M. Richards, Owen K. N. Whitley, Graham MacLeod, Florence M. G. Cavalli, Fiona J. Coutinho, Julia E. Jaramillo, Nataliia Svergun, Mazdak Riverin, Danielle C. Croucher, Michelle Kushida, Kenny Yu, Paul Guilhamon, Naghmeh Rastegar, Moloud Ahmadi, Jasmine K. Bhatti, Danielle A. Bozek, Naijin Li, Lilian Lee, Clare Che, Erika Luis, Nicole I. Park, Zhiyu Xu, Troy Ketela, Richard A. Moore, Marco A. Marra, Julian Spears, Michael D. Cusimano, Sunit Das, Mark Bernstein, Benjamin Haibe-Kains, Mathieu Lupien, H. Artee Luchman, Samuel Weiss, Stephane Angers, Peter B. Dirks, Gary D. Bader, Trevor J. Pugh
Journal: Nature Cancer (2021)
Referral Rates for Cardiac Rehabilitation Among Eligible Inpatients After Implementation of a Default Opt-Out Decision Pathway in the Electronic Medical Record
Authors: Srinath Adusumalli, Elizabeth Jolly, Neel P. Chokshi, Yevginiy Gitelman, Charles A. L. Rareshide, Daniel M. Kolansky, Mitesh S. Patel
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

This quality improvement study assesses referral rates for cardiac rehabilitation after a default opt-out option is added to the decision pathway in the electronic medical record.
Dynamic immune profiling identifies the stronger graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effects with haploidentical allografts compared to HLA-matched stem cell transplantation
Authors: Huidong Guo, Ying-Jun Chang, Yan Hong, Lan-Ping Xu, Yu Wang, Xiao-Hui Zhang, Ming Wang, Huan Chen, Yu-Hong Chen, Feng-Rong Wang, None Wei-Han, Yu-Qian Sun, Chen-Hua Yan, Fei-Fei Tang, Xiao-Dong Mo, Kai-Yan Liu, Xiao-Jun Huang
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2021)
Precision Radiotherapy: Reduction in Radiation for Oropharyngeal Cancer in the 30 ROC Trial
Authors: Nadeem Riaz, Eric Sherman, Xin Pei, Heiko Schöder, Milan Grkovski, Ramesh Paudyal, Nora Katabi, Pier Selenica, Takafumi N Yamaguchi, Daniel Ma, Simon K Lee, Rachna Shah, Rahul Kumar, Fengshen Kuo, Abhirami Ratnakumar, Nathan Aleynick, David Brown, Zhigang Zhang, Vaios Hatzoglou, Lydia Y Liu, Adriana Salcedo, Chiaojung J Tsai, Sean McBride, Luc G T Morris, Jay Boyle, Bhuvanesh Singh, Daniel S Higginson, Rama R Damerla, Arnaud da Cruz Paula, Katharine Price, Eric J Moore, Joaquin J Garcia, Robert Foote, Alan Ho, Richard J Wong, Timothy A Chan, Simon N Powell, Paul C Boutros, John L Humm, Amita Shukla-Dave, David Pfister, Jorge S Reis-Filho, Nancy Lee
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2020)

Abstract Background Patients with human papillomavirus–related oropharyngeal cancers have excellent outcomes but experience clinically significant toxicities when treated with standard chemoradiotherapy (70 Gy). We hypothesized that functional imaging could identify patients who could be safely deescalated to 30 Gy of radiotherapy. Methods In 19 patients, pre- and intratreatment dynamic fluorine-18-labeled fluoromisonidazole positron emission tomography (PET) was used to assess tumor hypoxia. Patients without hypoxia at baseline or intratreatment received 30 Gy; patients with persistent hypoxia received 70 Gy. Neck dissection was performed at 4 months in deescalated patients to assess pathologic response. Magnetic resonance imaging (weekly), circulating plasma cell-free DNA, RNA-sequencing, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) were performed to identify potential molecular determinants of response. Samples from an independent prospective study were obtained to reproduce molecular findings. All statistical tests were 2-sided. Results Fifteen of 19 patients had no hypoxia on baseline PET or resolution on intratreatment PET and were deescalated to 30 Gy. Of these 15 patients, 11 had a pathologic complete response. Two-year locoregional control and overall survival were 94.4% (95% confidence interval = 84.4% to 100%) and 94.7% (95% confidence interval = 85.2% to 100%), respectively. No acute grade 3 radiation–related toxicities were observed. Microenvironmental features on serial imaging correlated better with pathologic response than tumor burden metrics or circulating plasma cell-free DNA. A WGS-based DNA repair defect was associated with response (P = .02) and was reproduced in an independent cohort (P = .03). Conclusions Deescalation of radiotherapy to 30 Gy on the basis of intratreatment hypoxia imaging was feasible, safe, and associated with minimal toxicity. A DNA repair defect identified by WGS was predictive of response. Intratherapy personalization of chemoradiotherapy may facilitate marked deescalation of radiotherapy.
Radiation Delay Is Okay, but Where Is the Evidence?
Authors: Osama Mohamad, Mack Roach
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
scMC learns biological variation through the alignment of multiple single-cell genomics datasets
Authors: Lihua Zhang, Qing Nie
Journal: Genome biology (2021)

Distinguishing biological from technical variation is crucial when integrating and comparing single-cell genomics datasets across different experiments. Existing methods lack the capability in explicitly distinguishing these two variations, often leading to the removal of both variations. Here, we present an integration method scMC to remove the technical variation while preserving the intrinsic biological variation. scMC learns biological variation via variance analysis to subtract technical variation inferred in an unsupervised manner. Application of scMC to both simulated and real datasets from single-cell RNA-seq and ATAC-seq experiments demonstrates its capability of detecting context-shared and context-specific biological signals via accurate alignment.
Evolving Issues in the Use of Antibiotics for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Appendicitis
Authors: Peter C. Minneci, Katherine J. Deans
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical-Radiomic Analysis for Pretreatment Prediction of Objective Response to First Transarterial Chemoembolization in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Mingyu Chen, Jiasheng Cao, Jiahao Hu, Win Topatana, Shijie Li, Sarun Juengpanich, Jian Lin, Chenhao Tong, Jiliang Shen, Bin Zhang, Jennifer Wu, Christine Pocha, Masatoshi Kudo, Amedeo Amedei, Franco Trevisani, Pil Soo Sung, Victor M. Zaydfudim, Tatsuo Kanda, Xiujun Cai
Journal: Liver Cancer (2021)

The preoperative selection of patients with intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are likely to have an objective response to first transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) remains challenging.To develop and validate a clinical-radiomic model (CR model) for preoperatively predicting treatment response to first TACE in patients with intermediate-stage HCC.A total of 595 patients with intermediate-stage HCC were included in this retrospective study. A tumoral and peritumoral (10 mm) radiomic signature (TPR-signature) was constructed based on 3,404 radiomic features from 4 regions of interest. A predictive CR model based on TPR-signature and clinical factors was developed using multivariate logistic regression. Calibration curves and area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) were used to evaluate the model's performance.The final CR model consisted of 5 independent predictors, including TPR-signature (p < 0.001), AFP (p = 0.004), Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer System Stage B (BCLC B) subclassification (p = 0.01), tumor location (p = 0.039), and arterial hyperenhancement (p = 0.050). The internal and external validation results demonstrated the high-performance level of this model, with internal and external AUCs of 0.94 and 0.90, respectively. In addition, the predicted objective response via the CR model was associated with improved survival in the external validation cohort (hazard ratio: 2.43; 95% confidence interval: 1.60-3.69; p < 0.001). The predicted treatment response also allowed for significant discrimination between the Kaplan-Meier curves of each BCLC B subclassification.The CR model had an excellent performance in predicting the first TACE response in patients with intermediate-stage HCC and could provide a robust predictive tool to assist with the selection of patients for TACE.