tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Experiences of a Health System’s Faculty, Staff, and Trainees’ Career Development, Work Culture, and Childcare Needs During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rebecca K. Delaney, Amy Locke, Mandy L. Pershing, Claudia Geist, Erin Clouse, Michelle Precourt Debbink, Benjamin Haaland, Amy J. Tanner, Yoshimi Anzai, Angela Fagerlin
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

<h3>Importance</h3> In March 2020, US public buildings (including schools) were shut down because of the COVID-19 pandemic, and 42% of US workers resumed their employment duties from home. Some shutdowns remain in place, yet the extent of the needs of US working parents is largely unknown. <h3>Objective</h3> To identify and address the career development, work culture, and childcare needs of faculty, staff, and trainees at an academic medical center during a pandemic. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> For this survey study, between August 5 and August 20, 2020, a Qualtrics survey was emailed to all faculty, staff, and trainees at University of Utah Health, an academic health care system that includes multiple hospitals, community clinics, and specialty centers. Participants included 27 700 University of Utah Health faculty, staff, and trainees who received a survey invitation. Data analysis was performed from August to November 2020. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Primary outcomes included experiences of COVID-19 and their associations with career development, work culture, and childcare needs. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 5030 participants completed the entire survey (mean [SD] age, 40 [12] years); 3738 (75%) were women; 4306 (86%) were White or European American; 561 (11%) were Latino or Latina (of any race), Black or African American, American Indian, Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander; and 301 (6%) were Asian or Asian American. Of the participants, 2545 (51%) reported having clinical responsibilities, 2412 (48%) had at least 1 child aged 18 years or younger, 3316 (66%) were staff, 791 (16%) were faculty, and 640 (13%) were trainees. Nearly one-half of parents reported that parenting (1148 participants [49%]) and managing virtual education for children (1171 participants [50%]) were stressors. Across all participants, 1061 (21%) considered leaving the workforce, and 1505 (30%) considered reducing hours. Four hundred forty-nine faculty (55%) and 397 trainees (60%) perceived decreased productivity, and 2334 participants (47%) were worried about COVID-19 impacting their career development, with 421 trainees (64%) being highly concerned. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this survey of 5030 faculty, staff, and trainees of a US health system, many participants with caregiving responsibilities, particularly women, faculty, trainees, and (in a subset of cases) those from racial/ethnic groups that underrepresented in medicine, considered leaving the workforce or reducing hours and were worried about their career development related to the pandemic. It is imperative that medical centers support their employees and trainees during this challenging time.
Mesothelin-Specific CAR T Cells Target Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Esther Schoutrop, Ibrahim El-Serafi, Thomas Poiret, Ying Zhao, Okan Gultekin, Rui He, Lidia Moyano-Galceran, Joseph W. Carlson, Kaisa Lehti, Moustapha Hassan, Isabelle Magalhaes, Jonas Mattsson
Journal: Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract New therapeutic options for patients with ovarian cancer are urgently needed. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy of two second-generation mesothelin (MSLN)-directed CAR T cells in orthotopic mouse models of ovarian cancer. Treatment with CAR T cells expressing an MSLN CAR construct including the CD28 domain (M28z) significantly prolonged survival, but no persistent tumor control was observed. Despite lower response rates, MSLN-4–1BB (MBBz) CAR T cells induced long-term remission in some SKOV3–bearing mice. Tumor-infiltrating M28z and MBBz CAR T cells upregulated PD-1 and LAG3 in an antigen-dependent manner while MSLN+ tumor cells expressed the corresponding ligands (PD-L1 and HLA-DR), demonstrating that coinhibitory pathways impede CAR T-cell persistence in the ovarian tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, profiling plasma soluble factors identified a cluster of M28z- and MBBz-treated mice characterized by elevated T-cell secreted factors that had increased survival, higher CD8+ T-cell tumor infiltration, less exhausted CAR T-cell phenotypes, and increased HLA-DR expression by tumor cells. Altogether, our study demonstrates the therapeutic potential of MSLN-CAR T cells to treat ovarian cancer. Significance: These findings demonstrate that MSLN-directed CAR T cells can provide antitumor immunity against ovarian cancer.
National Health Work Force Policy
Authors: Jack A. Ginsburg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters1 October 1995National Health Work Force PolicyJack A. Ginsburg, MPE and H. Denman Scott, MD, MPHJack A. Ginsburg, MPEAmerican College of Physicians; Philadelphia, PA 19106Search for more papers by this author and H. Denman Scott, MD, MPHAmerican College of Physicians; Philadelphia, PA 19106Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-123-7-199510010-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Today's aggregate oversupply of physicians and the imbalances among generalists and specialists have been predicted and analyzed for at least 15 years [1, 2]. Although shortages of primary care physicians and overabundances of subspecialists are now apparent [3-5], the profession has had only limited success in increasing the numbers of primary care physicians and has been unable to stem the production of more subspecialists.Graduate medical residency and fellowship training depends to a large extent on public funds from Medicare, Medicaid, the Veterans Administration, federal grant programs, and state support of universities and teaching hospitals. No other profession, ...References1. Graduate Medical Education National Advisory Committee (GMENAC). Interim Report of the Graduate Medical Education National Advisory Committee to the Secretary. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, DHEW Publication HRA 79-633. Hyattsville, MD: DHEW, Health Resources Administration; 1979. Google Scholar2. Graduate Medical Education National Advisory Committee. Summary Report of the Graduate Medical Education National Advisory Committee to the Secrctary, Department of Health and Human Services. DHHS Publication HRA 81-651. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1981. Google Scholar3. Weiner JP. Forecasting the effects of health reform on U.S. physician workforce requirement. JAMA. 1994; 272:222-30. Google Scholar4. American College of Cardioiogy. Future personnel needs for cardiovascular health care, 25th Bethesda Conterence. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1994; 24:275-328. Google Scholar5. Powell DW. Why they call the city Houston and not Davis: recommendation for gastroenterology after health care reform. Gastroenterology. 1994; 107:1583-9. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Jack A. Ginsburg, MPE; H. Denman Scott, MD, MPHAffiliations: American College of Physicians; Philadelphia, PA 19106 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1995Volume 123, Issue 7 Page: 555-556 Keywords Fellowships Graduate medical education Health care Legislation Medical education Medicare Motivation Primary care physicians Residency Sub-specialty care ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 October 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Malignant hypertension resulting from deoxycorticosterone acetate and salt excess: role of renin and sodium in vascular changes.
Authors: HGavras, H RBrunner, J HLaragh, E DVaughan, MKoss, L JCote, IGavras
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

The evolution of malignant hypertension was studied under metabolic balance conditions in 11 uninephrectomized rats given deoxycorticosterone acetate and 1% NaCl as drinking water. Changes in sodium and potassium balance were related to changes in blood pressure, plasma renin activity, hematocrit, and kidney histology. After 3-4 weeks of steadily positive sodium balance accompanied by continuously increasing blood pressure up to 185 plus or minus 19 (SE) mm Hg, periods of sodium loss accompanied by evidence of hemoconcentration were observed marking the onset of the malignant phase as defined by the development of fibrinoid necrosis in the kidney. Plasma renin activity remained markedly suppressed both at the fourth week (0.33 plus or minus 0.02 ng/ml hour-1) when the sodium balance was positive and the kidney biopsy negative and at the end of the experiment (0.35 plus or minus 0.36 ng/ml hour-1) when the sodium balance was negative and the kidney histology revealed malignant vasculitis. Infusion of the a...
Abstract 10939: Impact of Admission Hyperglycemia on the Development of Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Hiroyuki Naruse, Junichi Ishii, Tousei Hashimoto, Kousuke Hattori, Makoto Ishikawa, Masanori Okumura, Shino Kan, Shigeru Matsui, Hideo Izawa, Masanori Nomura, Yukio Ozaki
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are at increased risk of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (AKI), which is a...
Calcium depletion in rabbit myocardium. Calcium paradox protection by hypothermia and cation substitution.
Authors: T LRich, G ALanger
Journal: Circulation Research (1982)

The purpose of this study was to define further the basis of control of myocardial membrane permeability by further examination of the calcium paradox. To this end, the protective effect of hypothermia and addition of micromolar amounts of divalent cations during the  perfusion period were studied. Damage during Ca++ repletion to the isolated arterially perfused, interventricular rabbit septum was assessed by contracture development, loss of developed tension, and loss of 42K and creatine kinase. Progressive hypothermia prolongs the time of  perfusion needed to cause similar 42K, creatine kinase and developed tension losses upon Ca++ repletion. Complete protection against the Ca-paradox after 30-60 minutes  perfusion is seen at 18 degree C. The inclusion of 50 microM Ca++ during 30 minutes Ca-free perfusion also provides complete protection during Ca++ repletion i.e., there was full mechanical recovery with no 42K or creatine kinase loss. Other divalent cations perfused in 50 micr...
Vascular permeability and transvascular fluid and protein transport in the dog lung.
Authors: J CParker, R EParker, D NGranger, A ETaylor
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

We used steady state lymph-to-plasma concentration ratios of six endogenous protein fractions (effective hydrodynamic radii of 37, 40, 44, 53, 100, and 120 A) to estimate pulmonary capillary permeability characteristics. Pulmonary lymph was collected from an afferent lymphatic to the left tracheobronchial lymph node, and left atrial pressure was elevated in steps until the lymphatic protein concentration obtained a constant value. Lymph flow and transvascular protein flux increased with each increase in left atrial pressure. Convective flux was the predominant mode of transport for the smaller fractions, and solvent-drag reflection coefficients increased as lymph flow increased. This dependency on lymph flow (capillary filtration) indicates a heteroporous membrane system. For lymph flows greater than five times control, the solvent-drag reflection coefficients were: 0.59 +/- 0.11, 0.52 +/- 0.06, 0.66 +/- 0.05, 0.70 +/- 0.05, 1.01 +/- 0.04, and 1.05 +/- 0.03 for the six fractions. Osmotic reflection coeffi...
Cardiac calmodulin-stimulated protein phosphatase: purification and identification of specific sarcolemmal substrates.
Authors: A SManalan, D KWerth
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

A calmodulin-stimulated protein phosphatase has been purified from bovine myocardium. The purification procedure involves sequential DEAE-Sephacel ion exchange chromatography, calmodulin-Sepharose affinity chromatography, and high performance liquid chromatography using a Spherogel TSK DEAE 5PW column. By SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the purified cardiac phosphatase consists of two subunits of Mr 61,000 and 19,000, similar to the brain enzyme, calcineurin. Protein phosphatase activity of the cardiac enzyme is stimulated by Ca2+-calmodulin and inhibited by the calmodulin antagonist drug, calmidazolium. Effects of a series of divalent cations on catalytic activity of the cardiac calmodulin-stimulated protein phosphatase are similar to those observed with calcineurin, when the two enzymes are assayed under identical conditions. Highly enriched preparations of bovine cardiac sarcolemma contain substrates of cAMP-dependent protein kinase of Mr 166 K, 133 K, 108 K, 79 K, 39 K, and 14 K, which are spe...
Publications of general practice research in China mainland 1993–2012: a bibliographic review
Authors: Chao Ma, Juan Du, Shuqi Cui
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Objectives
To review the publications of general practice research in China mainland from 1993 to 2012.


Methods
The literatures on general practice research published in China mainland from 1993 to 2012 were retrieved from the China Journal Full Text Databases, Wanfang Databases and PubMed. The publications were analyzed using the literature management software NoteExpress2, Excel and SPSS 19.0.


Results
A total of 16 349 Chinese publications and 266 English publications of general practice research were collected. The amount of publications was gradually increasing during 1993 and 2012 and there was a sharp increase in the Chinese publications from 2008 to 2012 comparing with the previous years. The Chinese publications in China's core journals accounted for 32.39% (5 295/16 349) of total of publications; and the English publications in SCI journals accounted for 96.62% (257/266) of total publications. The authors from community health service facilities accounted for 76.01%(12 427/16 349) of Chinese publications; while authors from research institutes and universities accounted for 61.65% (164/266) of the English publications. Results showed that 37.59% (6 145/16 349) and 37.12% (6 069/16 349) of the Chinese publications were commentaries and descriptive studies, only 9.57% (1 565/16 349) were randomized controlled trials; 52.63% (140/266) of the English publications were descriptive studies and 9.02% (24/266) were randomized controlled trials. 60.75% (9 932/16 349) of the Chinese publications and 75.94% (202/266) of the English publications were focused on clinical topics.


Conclusion
Although the number of general practice publications has been increasing during 1993–2012, the quality of publications is still less satisfactory and need to be further improved.


Key words: 
Bibliometrics; General practice; Research
Reduced space constant in slowly conducting regions of chronically infarcted canine myocardium.
Authors: J FSpear, E LMichelson, E NMoore
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

Experiments were performed to test the hypothesis that a reduction in the space constant contributes to slow conduction in the infarcted myocardium of dogs 5-8 days after coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion. Standard microelectrode techniques were used to measure action potential characteristics and conduction velocity parallel to fiber orientation in normal and infarcted ventricular epicardial strips superfused in a tissue bath. The space constants were determined by measuring the decay of the transmembrane steady state electrotonic potential with distance from a suction electrode current source. In eight normal epicardial preparations, conduction velocity ranged between 0.305 and 0.603 m/sec, and the space constant was between 0.712 and 1.202 mm. In 10 infarcted epicardial preparations, in regions of slow conduction (0.032-0.299 m/sec), the space constant was reduced to values between 0.281 and 0.917 mm. Action potential amplitude and maximum rate of depolarization were also reduced in infarcted m...
Chromosome 17 Polysomy without HER2 Amplification Does Not Predict Response to Lapatinib in Metastatic Breast Cancer—Response
Authors: Leona Downey, Robert Livingston
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

We appreciate the comments of Dr. Moelans regarding the challenge of understanding the clinical relevance of chromosome 17 (Chr17) polysomy as it relates to the efficacy of HER2-directed therapy. The primary dilemma seems to be in the definition of polysomy. Dr. Moelans provides several additional
Over-The-Scope Clip Closure Of Gastrocutaneous Fistula
Authors: I Marques de Sá, I Pita, R Ortigão, P Pimentel-Nunes
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

A 54-year-old male under surveillance in our centre due to oropharyngeal carcinoma treated with radical chemoradiotherapy was submitted to percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy(PEG), that was uneventful. After treatment completeness, he removed the PEG tube. Despite acid suppression and procinetics, a persistent gastrocutaneous fistula developed. Therefore, he underwent endoscopy, that revealed an orifice at the anterior gastric wall between the gastric body and the antrum. After denudation of the fistulous tract with cytology brush and argon plasma coagulation, a 9mm over-the-scope-clip(OTSC) was placed, with endoscopic and clinical resolution.
Early afterdepolarizations: mechanism of induction and block. A role for L-type Ca2+ current.
Authors: C TJanuary, J MRiddle
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Early afterdepolarizations (EADs) are a type of triggered activity found in heart muscle. We used voltage-clamped sheep cardiac Purkinje fibers to examine the mechanism underlying EADs induced near action potential plateau voltages with the Ca2+ current agonist Bay K 8644 and the effect of several interventions known to suppress or enhance these EADs. Bay K 8644 produced an inward shift of the steady-state current-voltage relation near plateau voltages. Tetrodotoxin, lidocaine, verapamil, nitrendipine, and raising [K]o abolish EADs and shift the steady-state current-voltage relations outwardly. Using a two-pulse voltage-clamp protocol, an inward current transient was present at voltages where EADs were induced. The voltage-dependence of availability of the inward current transient and of EAD induction were similar. The time-dependence of recovery from inactivation of the inward current transient and of EAD amplitude were nearly identical. Without recovery of the inward current transient, EADs could not be...
Effects of acetylcholine on action potential characteristics of atrial and ventricular myocardium after bilateral cervical vagotomy in the cat.
Authors: R JKovacs, J CBailey
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

Acetylcholine, the parasympathetic neurotransmitter, shortens the action potential duration of cat atrial muscle cells, but not ventricular muscle cells. In mammalian species, atrial tissue receives a richer cholinergic nerve supply than ventricular tissue. To determine whether chronic withdrawal of cholinergic tone might influence the subsequent response of these tissues to cholinergic stimulation, we examined the effect of acetylcholine on the action potentials of atrial and ventricular myocytes from cats with intact vagi and cats after chronic bilateral cervical vagotomy. Following bilateral cervical vagotomy, physostigmine (10(-6) M) failed to alter atrial tension development or action potential duration. Acetylcholine produced shortening of the action potential duration in atrial muscle from cats with intact vagi and in cats following bilateral cervical vagotomy. However, the degree of shortening produced by acetylcholine after bilateral cervical vagotomy was significantly greater (P less than 0.001)...
Lack of sensing by demand pacemakers due to intraventricular conduction defects.
Authors: ZVera, D TMason, N AAwan, GHiliard, R AMassumi
Journal: Circulation (1975)

A previously unrecognized form of failure of normally functioning noncompetitive R-inhibited or R-triggered pacemakers to sense is described in 30 patients. The failure was produced by the delayed arrival of ventricular depolarization due to intraventricular conduction disturbances at the site of pacemaker sensing electrodes. These patinets with late activation of the right ventricle exhibited right bundle branch block (RBBB) during conducted sinus beats or had ectopic beats arising from the left ventricle. In both these situations, several late occurring QRS complexes were not sensed by the pacemaker electrodes in the right ventricular apex (RVA) and thereby the R-inhibited pacemaker spike discharged into the initial portion of the QRS complex. Activation of the RVA was delayed up to 65 msec in sinus beats with RBBB and even longer in premature beats arising from the left ventricle. The depolarization front of such beats reached the myocardium around the right ventricular pacemaker electrodes late in the...
A Single-Food Milk Elimination Diet Is Effective for Treatment of Eosinophilic Esophagitis in Children
Authors: Joshua B. Wechsler, Sally Schwartz, Nicoleta C. Arva, Kwang-Youn A. Kim, Liqi Chen, Melanie Makhija, Katie Amsden, Kaitlin Keeley, Saeed Mohammed, Evan S. Dellon, Amir F. Kagalwalla
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2021)
Mental Health Services for Children
Authors: P. C. Matthews
Journal: BMJ (1967)

BRUr=HAL 843 of the warts should be left to other measures less harmful, like local applications, placebo tablets, and even some forms of charming.Your Expert replies that the use of placebos and charming may take months and even years to effect a cure.He advises incision and curetting.If a patient has 30 to 40 warts on a hand this would be a very lengthy procedure, not at all pleasant, and very likely to be followed by scarring.The disappearance of multiple warts can be effected fairly quickly by suggestion under hypnosis, or, in hypnosis-resistant cases, by the suggestive use of a placebo.Personal experience with 15 cases of multiple warts supports this view.The ages of the cases were from 9 to 50 years.Nine cases responded to hypnosis, four to placebo suggestion, and two failed to respond.The time taken for the warts to disappear was from two days to five weeks.The following is an illustrative case:
Electrical responses of smooth muscle cells during cholinergic vasodilation in the rabbit saphenous artery.
Authors: KKomori, HSuzuki
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

Isolated smooth muscle tissues of the rabbit saphenous artery precontracted with norepinephrine (NE) were relaxed by acetylcholine (ACh, greater than 10(-7) M) or oxotremorine (greater than 10(-7) M), through the activation of muscarinic receptors, only when the endothelial cells were intact. ACh (greater than 10(-7) M) transiently hyperpolarized the membrane (1-4 minutes) with an associated decrease in the membrane resistance, either in the presence or absence of NE, and these changes ceased during the continuous application of ACh. The ACh-induced transient hyperpolarization was not generated after mechanically removing the endothelium or by treatment with atropine. Oxotremorine (up to 10(-5) M) did not alter the membrane potential in the presence or absence of the endothelium. NE (10(-6) M) depolarized the smooth muscle membrane, which remained unchanged by additional application of ACh or oxotremorine for more than 5 minutes, or after removal of the endothelium. The excitatory junction potential gener...