tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Agent of Bacillary Angiomatosis
Authors: David A. Relman, Jeffery S. Loutit, Thomas M. Schmidt, Stanley Falkow, Lucy S. Tompkins
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

Bacillary angiomatosis is an infectious disease causing proliferation of small blood vessels in the skin and visceral organs of patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection and other immunocompromised hosts. The agent is often visualized in tissue sections of lesions with Warthin-Starry staining, but the bacillus has not been successfully cultured or identified. This bacillus may also cause cat scratch disease.In attempting to identify this organism, we used the polymerase chain reaction. We used oligonucleotide primers complementary to the 16S ribosomal RNA genes of eubacteria to amplify 16S ribosomal gene fragments directly from tissue samples of bacillary angiomatosis. The DNA sequence of these fragments was determined and analyzed for phylogenetic relatedness to other known organisms. Normal tissues were studied in parallel.Tissue from three unrelated patients with bacillary angiomatosis yielded a unique 16S gene sequence. A sequence obtained from a fourth patient with bacillary angiomatosis differed from the sequence found in the other three patients at only 4 of 241 base positions. No related 16S gene fragment was detected in the normal tissues. These 16S sequences associated with bacillary angiomatosis belong to a previously uncharacterized microorganism, most closely related to Rochalimaea quintana.The cause of bacillary angiomatosis is a previously uncharacterized rickettsia-like organism, closely related to R. quintana. This method for the identification of an uncultured pathogen may be applicable to other infectious diseases of unknown cause.
Current progress in clinical, molecular, and genetic aspects of adult fibromuscular dysplasia
Authors: Alexandre Persu, Piotr Dobrowolski, Heather L Gornik, Jeffrey W Olin, David Adlam, Michel Azizi, Pierre Boutouyrie, Rosa Maria Bruno, Marion Boulanger, Jean-Baptiste Demoulin, Santhi K Ganesh, Tomasz J. Guzik, Magdalena Januszewicz, Jason C Kovacic, Mariusz Kruk, Peter de Leeuw, Bart L Loeys, Marco Pappaccogli, Melanie H A M Perik, Emmanuel Touzé, Patricia Van der Niepen, Daan J L Van Twist, Ewa Warchoł-Celińska, Aleksander Prejbisz, Andrzej Januszewicz
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2021)

Abstract Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is a non-atherosclerotic vascular disease that may involve medium-sized muscular arteries throughout the body. The majority of FMD patients are women. Although a variety of genetic, mechanical, and hormonal factors play a role in the pathogenesis of FMD, overall, its cause remains poorly understood. It is probable that the pathogenesis of FMD is linked to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Extensive studies have correlated the arterial lesions of FMD to histopathological findings of arterial fibrosis, cellular hyperplasia, and distortion of the abnormal architecture of the arterial wall. More recently, the vascular phenotype of lesions associated with FMD has been expanded to include arterial aneurysms, dissections, and tortuosity. However, in the absence of a string-of-beads or focal stenosis, these lesions do not suffice to establish the diagnosis. While FMD most commonly involves renal and cerebrovascular arteries, involvement of most arteries throughout the body has been reported. Increasing evidence highlights that FMD is a systemic arterial disease and that subclinical alterations can be found in non-affected arterial segments. Recent significant progress in FMD-related research has led to improve our understanding of the disease’s clinical manifestations, natural history, epidemiology, and genetics. Ongoing work continues to focus on FMD genetics and proteomics, physiological effects of FMD on cardiovascular structure and function, and novel imaging modalities and blood-based biomarkers that can be used to identify subclinical FMD. It is also hoped that the next decade will bring the development of multi-centred and potentially international clinical trials to provide comparative effectiveness data to inform the optimal management of patients with FMD.
Effect of Marine Omega-3 Fatty Acid and Vitamin D Supplementation on Incident Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Christine M. Albert, Nancy R. Cook, Julie Pester, M. Vinayaga Moorthy, Claire Ridge, Jacqueline S. Danik, Baris Gencer, Hasan K. Siddiqi, Chee Ng, Heike Gibson, Samia Mora, Julie E. Buring, JoAnn E. Manson
Journal: JAMA (2021)

<h3>Importance</h3> Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common heart rhythm disturbance, continues to increase in incidence, and results in significant morbidity and mortality. The marine omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and vitamin D have been reported to have both benefits and risks with respect to incident AF, but large-scale, long-term randomized trial data are lacking. <h3>Objective</h3> To test the effects of long-term administration of marine omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D on incident AF. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> An ancillary study of a 2 × 2 factorial randomized clinical trial involving 25 119 women and men aged 50 years or older without prior cardiovascular disease, cancer, or AF. Participants were recruited directly by mail between November 2011 and March 2014 from all 50 US states and were followed up until December 31, 2017. <h3>Interventions</h3> Participants were randomized to receive EPA-DHA (460 mg/d of EPA and 380 mg/d of DHA) and vitamin D<sub>3</sub>(2000 IU/d) (n = 6272 analyzed); EPA-DHA and placebo (n = 6270 analyzed); vitamin D<sub>3</sub>and placebo (n = 6281 analyzed); or 2 placebos (n = 6296 analyzed). <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The primary outcome was incident AF confirmed by medical record review. <h3>Results</h3> Among the 25 119 participants who were randomized and included in the analysis (mean age, 66.7 years; 50.8% women), 24 127 (96.1%) completed the trial. Over a median 5.3 years of treatment and follow-up, the primary end point of incident AF occurred in 900 participants (3.6% of study population). For the EPA-DHA vs placebo comparison, incident AF events occurred in 469 (3.7%) vs 431 (3.4%) participants, respectively (hazard ratio, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.96-1.24;<i>P</i> = .19). For the vitamin D<sub>3</sub>vs placebo comparison, incident AF events occurred in 469 (3.7%) vs 431 (3.4%) participants, respectively (hazard ratio, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.96-1.25;<i>P</i> = .19). There was no evidence for interaction between the 2 study agents (<i>P</i> = .39). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Among adults aged 50 years or older, treatment with EPA-DHA or vitamin D<sub>3</sub>, compared with placebo, resulted in no significant difference in the risk of incident AF over a median follow-up of more than 5 years. The findings do not support the use of either agent for the primary prevention of incident AF. <h3>Trial Registration</h3> ClinicalTrials.gov Identifiers:NCT02178410;NCT01169259
HSR21-042: Disparities in Care Among Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Patients Based on Residential Metro Versus Non-Metro Categorization and Distance From Cancer Treatment Site
Authors: Apoorva Anandan, Amanda Parkes
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2021)

"HSR21-042: Disparities in Care Among Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Patients Based on Residential Metro Versus Non-Metro Categorization and Distance From Cancer Treatment Site" published on 17 Mar 2021 by National Comprehensive Cancer Network.
MA09.10 Location of Lymph Nodes Missed after Invasive Mediastinal Staging in a Well-Staged Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cohort
Authors: M. Ray, M. Smeltzer, N. Faris, Y. Lee, C. Fehnel, O. Akinbobola, P. Ojeabulu, R. Eubanks, D. Talton, G. Valaulikar, H. Wiggins, P. Levy, E. Robbins, R. Osarogiagbon
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
연구논문 : B형간염과 연관된 간세포암종의 근치적 절제술 후 혈관내피성장인자 아형의 발현양성 및 예후와의 관계
Authors: 문주익 ( Ju Ik Moon ), 김종만 ( Jong Man Kim ), 정금오 ( Gum Oh Jung ), 천재민 ( Jae Min Chun ), 최규성 ( Gyu Seong Choi ), 박재범 ( Jae Berm Park ), 권준혁 ( Choon Hyuck David Kwon ), 김성주 ( Sung Joo Kim ), 조재원 ( Jae Won Jo )
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2008)
Synthesis of RNA-based gene regulatory devices for redirecting cellular signaling events mediated by p53
Authors: Xinbo Huang, Mingxia Wang, Yuchen Liu, Yaoting Gui
Journal: Theranostics (2021)

Rationale: The p53 gene is a well-known tumor suppressor, and its mutation often contributes to the occurrence and development of tumors. Due to the diversity and complexity of p53 mutations, there is still no effective p53 gene therapy. In this study, we designed and constructed an aptazyme switch that could effectively sense cellular wild-type p53 protein and regulate downstream gene function flexibly. The application of this artificial device in combination with Cre-LoxP and dCas9-VP64 tools achieved a precisely targeted killing effect on tumor cells. Methods: The affinity of the aptamer to p53 protein was verified by SPR. p53 aptazyme and gene circuits were chemically synthesized. The function of the gene circuit was detected by cell proliferation assay, apoptosis assay and Western blot. The nude mouse transplantation tumor experiment was used to evaluate the inhibitory effect of gene circuits on tumor cells in vivo. Results: The results of the SPR experiment showed that the p53 aptamer RNA sequence had a robust binding effect with p53 protein. The p53 aptazyme could efficiently sense wild-type p53 protein and initiate self-cleavage in cells. The Cre-p53 aptazyme gene circuit and dCas9-VP64/sgRNA mediated gene circuit designed based on p53 aptazyme significantly inhibited the growth and promoted the apoptosis of wild-type p53-deficient cancer cells in vitro. In addition, the gene circuits also had a significant inhibitory effect on tumors in vivo. Conclusion: The study developed a novel and efficient ribozyme switch for p53-specific recognition and provided a modular strategy for aptazyme binding to cellular proteins. In addition, the p53 aptazyme successfully inhibited tumor growth through a combined application with other synthetic biological tools, providing a new perspective for cancer therapy.
WD repeat domain 5 promotes chemoresistance and Programmed Death-Ligand 1 expression in prostate cancer
Authors: Qianghua Zhou, Xu Chen, Haixia He, Shengmeng Peng, Yangjie Zhang, Jingtong Zhang, Liang Cheng, Sen Liu, Ming Huang, Ruihui Xie, Tianxin Lin, Jian Huang
Journal: Theranostics (2021)

Purpose: Advanced prostate cancer (PCa) has limited treatment regimens and shows low response to chemotherapy and immunotherapy, leading to poor prognosis. Histone modification is a vital mechanism of gene expression and a promising therapy target. In this study, we characterized WD repeat domain 5 (WDR5), a regulator of histone modification, and explored its potential therapeutic value in PCa. Experimental Design: We characterized specific regulators of histone modification, based on TCGA data. The expression and clinical features of WDR5 were analyzed in two dependent cohorts. The functional role of WDR5 was further investigated with siRNA and OICR-9429, a small molecular antagonist of WDR5, in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism of WDR5 was explored by RNA-sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Results: WDR5 was overexpressed in PCa and associated with advanced clinicopathological features, and predicted poor prognosis. Both inhibition of WDR5 by siRNA and OICR-9429 could reduce proliferation, and increase apoptosis and chemosensitivity to cisplatin in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, targeting WDR5 by siRNA and OICR-9429 could block IFN-γ-induced PD-L1 expression in PCa cells. Mechanistically, we clarified that some cell cycle, anti-apoptosis, DNA repair and immune related genes, including AURKA, CCNB1, E2F1, PLK1, BIRC5, XRCC2 and PD-L1, were directly regulated by WDR5 and OICR-9429 in H3K4me3 and c-Myc dependent manner. Conclusions: These data revealed that targeting WDR5 suppressed proliferation, enhanced apoptosis, chemosensitivity to cisplatin and immunotherapy in PCa. Therefore, our findings provide insight into OICR-9429 is a multi-potency and promising therapy drug, which improves the antitumor effect of cisplatin or immunotherapy in PCa.
Blood Lead Levels in U.S. Children Ages 1–11 Years, 1976–2016
Authors: Kathryn B. Egan, Cheryl R. Cornwell, Joseph G. Courtney, Adrienne S. Ettinger
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2021)

BACKGROUND: Lead can adversely affect child health across a wide range of exposure levels.We describe the distribution of blood lead levels (BLLs) in U.S. children ages 1-11 y by selected sociodemographic and housing characteristics over a 40-y period.METHODS: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) II (1976II ( -1980)), NHANES III (Phase 1: 1988-1991 and Phase II: 1991-1994), and Continuous NHANES (1999-2016) were used to describe the distribution of BLLs (in micrograms per deciliter; 1 lg=dL = 0:0483 lmol=L) in U.S. children ages 1-11 y from 1976 to 2016.For all children with valid BLLs (n = 27,122), geometric mean (GM) BLLs [95% confidence intervals (CI)] and estimated prevalence ≥5 lg=dL (95% CI) were calculated overall and by selected characteristics, stratified by age group (1-5 y and 6-11 y).RESULTS: The GM BLL in U.S. children ages 1-5 y declined from 15:2 lg=dL (95% CI: 14.3, 16.1) in 1976-1980 to 0:83 lg=dL (95% CI: 0.78, 0.88) in 2011-2016, representing a 94.5% decrease over time.For children ages 6-11 y, GM BLL declined from 12:7 lg=dL (95% CI: 11.9, 13.4) in 1976-1980 to 0:60 lg=dL (95% CI: 0.58, 0.63) in 2011-2016, representing a 95.3% decrease over time.Even so, for the most recent period (2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016), estimates indicate that approximately 385,775 children ages 1-11 y had BLLs greater than or equal to the CDC blood lead reference value of 5 lg=dL.Higher GM BLLs were associated with non-Hispanic Black race/ethnicity, lower family income-to-poverty-ratio, and older housing age.DISCUSSION: Overall, BLLs in U.S. children ages 1-11 y have decreased substantially over the past 40 y.Despite these notable declines in population exposures to lead over time, higher GM BLLs are consistently associated with risk factors such as race/ethnicity, poverty, and housing age that can be used to target blood lead screening efforts.
P37.09 Comparison of 3 Different Methods for Determination of EGFR p.Thr790Met mutation in patients with NSCLC
Authors: A. Tysarowski, K. Seliga, A. Gos, A. Nowak, R. Zub, B. Jagielska, A. Pluzanski, M. Krzakowski, M. Prochorec-Sobieszek, J. Siedlecki
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Drug-Eluting vs Bare-Metal Stents for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Alfredo M. Rodríguez-Granillo, Carlos Fernández-Pereira, Alfredo E. Rodríguez
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2021)

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<i>JAMA Internal Medicine</i>—The Year in Review, 2020
Authors: Rita F. Redberg
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2021)

We welcome the promise of 2021-to start to get control of the global pandemic via vaccinations against SARS-CoV-2 and effective public health measures and hopefully let the country get back to the hard work of promoting high-value health care that is affordable and available to all Americans.As a new US administration with significant health care expertise begins work, we are hopeful to see progress on complex issues, such as value-based payment, drug pricing, and transparency issues, to name a few. 1 We are interested to learn what the impact of sharply reduced elective health care visits and reduced cancer screenings will be as we track rates of breast cancer, lung cancer, heart disease, and many others in the coming decade.We are now in the 10th year of the JAMA Internal Medicine Less is More series and are pleased to see international attention to the harms of overdiagnosis and overtreatment and on programs to increase high-value care.Of course, our work is far from done, as health care costs continue to rise much faster than the gross domestic product and approach one-fifth of the US economy.3][4][5][6][7][8][9] It is always a joy to be able to read authors' submitted manuscripts, and we tried to balance the increased submissions and the pressures of trying to help inform and thus stem a worldwide pandemic with timely publications of COVID-19-related articles 2-9 while continuing to publish important articles not related to the pandemic.Thanks to a lot of hard work from an incredible editorial team, we managed to reduce our turnaround times both for days from receipt to first decision without peer review as well as with peer review and even shorter times from manuscript acceptance to publication and receipt to publication (Table ).We love talking with authors (even virtually) at conferences and hearing stories about how publishing articles in JAMA Internal Medicine boosted careers, helped get grants or important committee assignments, and helped in clinical practice.Articles published in JAMA Internal Medicine have wide readership, as there were 14.7 million views and downloads of journal articles last year.We strive to publish articles that will help guide and inform the practice of medicine, including for the care of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection-either teaching something new to improve outcomes or identifying a practice to avoid for lack of benefit.We will continue to publish articles on the daily challenges in health care and medicine
P21.01 Phase I Study of Carboplatin/Nab-Paclitaxel and Concurrent TRT in Elderly Patients with Unresectable Locally Advanced NSCLC
Authors: S. Omori, H. Harada, K. Mori, Y. Hisamatsu, Y. Tsuboguchi, H. Yoshioka, R. Morinaga, H. Daga, T. Kurata, T. Takahashi
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
MA07.05 Survivors from Anti-PD-(L)1 Immunotherapy in NSCLC: Clinical Features, Survival Outcomes and Long-term Toxicities
Authors: M. Hsu, J. Murray, J. Zhang, D. Barasa, M. Turner, P. Forde, D. Ettinger, V. Lam, K. Marrone, B. Levy, C. Hann, J. Brahmer, J. Feliciano, J. Naidoo
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Dynamic needs and challenges of people with drug-resistant tuberculosis and HIV in South Africa: a qualitative study
Authors: Amrita Daftary, Shinjini Mondal, Jennifer Zelnick, Gerald Friedland, Boitumelo Seepamore, Resha Boodhram, K Rivet Amico, Nesri Padayatchi, Max R O'Donnell
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2021)

BackgroundThere is little evidence of patient acceptability for drug-resistant tuberculosis (DRTB) care in the context of new treatment regimens and HIV co-infection. We aim to describe experiences of DRTB-HIV care among patients in KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa.MethodsIn this qualitative study using Bury's framework for chronic illness, we conducted 13 focus groups at a tertiary hospital with 55 patients co-infected with DRTB and HIV (28 women, 27 men) who were receiving new bedaquiline-based treatment for DRTB, concurrent with antiretroviral therapy. Eligible patients were consenting adults (aged >18 years) with confirmed DRTB and HIV who were enrolled into the PRAXIS study within 2 weeks of initiating bedaquiline-based treatment for DRTB. Participants were recruited from the PRAXIS cohort to participate in a focus group based on their time in DRTB treatment: early (2–6 weeks after treatment initiation), middle (2–6 months after discharge or treatment initiation if never hospitalised), and late (>6 months after treatment initiation). Focus groups were carried out in isiZulu language, audio recorded, and translated to English within 4 weeks. Participants were asked about their experiences of DRTB and HIV care and treatment, and qualitative data were coded and thematically analysed.FindingsFrom March, 2017, to June, 2018, distinctive patient challenges were identified at four critical stages of DRTB care: diagnosis, marked by centralised hospitalisation, renunciation from routine life, systemic stigmatisation and, for patients with longstanding HIV, renewed destabilisation; treatment initiation, marked by side-effects, isolation, and social disconnectedness; discharge, marked by brief respite and resurgent therapeutic and social disruption; and continuity, marked by deepening socioeconomic challenges despite clinical recovery. The periods of diagnosis and discharge into the community were particularly difficult. Treatment information and agency in decision making was a persistent gap. Sources of stigmatisation shifted with movement between the hospital and community. Resilience was built by connecting to peers, self-isolating, financial and material security, and a focus on recovery.InterpretationPeople with DRTB and HIV undergo disruptive, life-altering experiences. The lack of information, agency, and social protections in DRTB care and treatment causes wider-reaching challenges for patients compared with HIV. Decentralised, community, peer-support, and differentiated care models for DRTB might be ameliorative and help to maximise the promise of new regimens.FundingUS National Institutes of Health.TranslationFor the isiZulu translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
Clinical outcomes of children receiving ABO-incompatible versus ABO-compatible heart transplantation: a multicentre cohort study
Authors: Simon Urschel, Jean A Ballweg, Ryan S Cantor, Devin A Koehl, Zdenka Reinhardt, Warren A Zuckerman, Anne I Dipchand, Kirk R Kanter, Joshua Sparks, Marie McCoy, James K Kirklin, Waldemar F Carlo
Journal: The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health (2021)
Abstract 12707: Exercise Training Ameliorates Vasodilator Capacity of Coronary Microvessels in Patients With Vasospastic Angina -A New Therapeutic Approach for the Coronary Functional Disorder-
Authors: Jun Sugisawa, Yasuharu Matsumoto, Akira Suda, Satoshi Tsuchiya, Kazuma Ohyama, Masashi Takeuchi, Kensuke Nishimiya, Mina Akizuki, Koichi Sato, Shoko Kajitani, Hideki Ota, Shohei Ikeda, Tomohiko Shindo, Yoku Kikuchi, Kiyotaka Hao, Takashi Shiroto, Jun Takahashi, Satoshi Miyata, Yasuhiko Sakata, Kei Takase, Masahiro Kohzuki, Hiroaki Shimokawa
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: We have recently demonstrated that coronary vasomotor abnormalities develop not only in epicardial coronary arteries but also in intramural coronary microvessels. However, it remains ...
P76.46 First-Line Osimertinib in Asian Patients with Advanced EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer
Authors: W. Tan, B. Chua, D. Yin, S.H. Tan, D. Tan, M. Ang, R. Kanesvaran, A. Jain, T. Rajasekaran, G. Lai, C.K. Toh, E. Tan, Q.S. Ng, W. Lim
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)