tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reproduction
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Leads From the MMWR
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Association of Tramadol vs Codeine Prescriptions With Mortality and Other Adverse Clinical Outcomes—Reply
Authors: Junqing Xie, Carlen Reyes, Daniel Prieto-Alhambra
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Foreign Medical Literature
Journal: BMJ (1841)

A Dissertation on the bilious malignant Fever ivbich prevailed, in the Country adjacent to Dartmouth College, New Hampjhire, in the Summer of 1799 ; by Lyman Spaldtng, M. B. "In the cure of this fever, fome hurtful and many ufelefs ap- plications were made.It was not in the leaft efte&ed by thofe applications which are moft extolled in the fevers of our climate.Moft of the practitioners had never feen it before, and thofe who> had, from motives of prudence, were unwilling to acknowledge its identity with that of Philadelphia." On the firft attack, an emetic, adminiftered in fmall dofes,to operate cathartically, relieved the fymptoms.The effervefcing mixture given in the hot fit gave univerfal relief.New beer and* acefcent potations were highly grateful."Calomel, joined with other cathartics,-was much ufed.Blifter- ing, and mercurial unguent rubbed over the whole body, wdre ufeful. "Cold air was highly grateful, and eagerly fought for.To eflabRfh a current of air through the room was of the firft confe- quence : all the windows and doors were kept open, and the air put in motion by fanning.The rooms were conftantlv moiftened with vinegar, or vinegar and water.Cleanlinefs was of the firft confe- quence : the patients were frequently wafhed all over with vinegar and water, accompanied with friftion: a folution of muriate of fdda was fometimes mad^ ufe of.Putrid ftools were inftantly removed, and the ftench corrected.All unnecelTary apparel and furniture were removed." But the moft dependence was placed upon the cold bath, when: the hot fit was on.This infallibly gave inftant and aftonifhing relief, rendering the paroxyfms ihorter and milder.It was applied either generally or locally, as the urgency of the cafe required ; this was determined by the furface that appeared unufually hot.When the" heat was partial or local, a corresponding bath was ufed.?
Influence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease With Increased Liver Enzyme Levels on the Risk of Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Yu-Han Huang, Chi Chan, Hye-Won Lee, Claire Huang, Yen-Ju Chen, Po-Chun Liu, Sheng-Nan Lu, Wan-Long Chuang, Jee-Fu Huang, Ming-Lung Yu, Jill Koshiol, Mei-Hsuan Lee
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2022)
FDA Approval Summary: Pembrolizumab, Atezolizumab, and Cemiplimab-rwlc as Single Agents for First-Line Treatment of Advanced/Metastatic PD-L1–High NSCLC
Authors: Oladimeji Akinboro, Erin Larkins, Lee H. Pai-Scherf, Luckson N. Mathieu, Yi Ren, Joyce Cheng, Mallorie H. Fiero, Wentao Fu, Youwei Bi, Shyam Kalavar, Samina Jafri, Pallavi S. Mishra-Kalyani, Jeanne Fourie Zirkelbach, Hongshan Li, Hong Zhao, Kun He, Whitney S. Helms, Meredith K. Chuk, Min Wang, Ilynn Bulatao, Jonathan Herz, Blaire L. Osborn, Yuan Xu, Jiang Liu, Yutao Gong, Sharon Sickafuse, Rebecca Cohen, Martha Donoghue, Richard Pazdur, Julia A. Beaver, Harpreet Singh
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2022)

Abstract FDA's approval of cemiplimab-rwlc on February 22, 2021, follows prior approvals of pembrolizumab and atezolizumab for similar indications as first-line treatment for patients with programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1)–high advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Approvals of these anti–PD-L1 agents were supported by statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in overall survival (OS) in international, multicenter, active-controlled randomized trials. In KEYNOTE-024, the OS HR was 0.60 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.41–0.89; P = 0.005] favoring pembrolizumab over platinum-doublet chemotherapy. In IMpower110, the OS HR was 0.59 (95% CI, 0.40–0.89; P = 0.0106) favoring atezolizumab over platinum-doublet chemotherapy. In Study 1624, the OS HR was 0.68 (95% CI, 0.53–0.87; P = 0.0022) favoring cemiplimab-rwlc over platinum-doublet chemotherapy. The progression-free survival (PFS) effect sizes for these anti–PD-L1 antibodies were also comparable across their respective registrational trials, and their safety profiles were consistent with the anti–PD-L1 class adverse event profile. The consistent survival benefits and manageable toxicity profiles of these single-agent anti–PD-L1 antibodies have established them as important treatment options in the PD-L1–high NSCLC treatment landscape. FDA approvals of these anti–PD-L1 antibodies, based on their favorable benefit-risk profiles, present effective chemotherapy-free therapeutic options for patients with advanced PD-L1–high NSCLC in the United States.
Neoadjuvant Therapy Induces a Potent Immune Response to Sarcoma, Dominated by Myeloid and B Cells
Authors: Peter H. Goff, Laura Riolobos, Bonnie J. LaFleur, Matthew B. Spraker, Y. David Seo, Kimberly S. Smythe, Jean S. Campbell, Robert H. Pierce, Yuzheng Zhang, Qianchuan He, Edward Y. Kim, Stephanie K. Schaub, Gabrielle M. Kane, Jose G. Mantilla, Eleanor Y. Chen, Robert Ricciotti, Matthew J. Thompson, Lee D. Cranmer, Michael J. Wagner, Elizabeth T. Loggers, Robin L. Jones, Erin Murphy, Wendy M. Blumenschein, Terrill K. McClanahan, Jon Earls, Kevin C. Flanagan, Natalie A. LaFranzo, Teresa S. Kim, Seth M. Pollack
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2022)

To characterize changes in the soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) tumor immune microenvironment induced by standard neoadjuvant therapy with the goal of informing neoadjuvant immunotherapy trial design.Paired pre- and postneoadjuvant therapy specimens were retrospectively identified for 32 patients with STSs and analyzed by three modalities: multiplexed IHC, NanoString, and RNA sequencing with ImmunoPrism analysis.All 32 patients, representing a variety of STS histologic subtypes, received neoadjuvant radiotherapy and 21 (66%) received chemotherapy prior to radiotherapy. The most prevalent immune cells in the tumor before neoadjuvant therapy were myeloid cells (45% of all immune cells) and B cells (37%), with T (13%) and natural killer (NK) cells (5%) also present. Neoadjuvant therapy significantly increased the total immune cells infiltrating the tumors across all histologic subtypes for patients receiving neoadjuvant radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy. An increase in the percentage of monocytes and macrophages, particularly M2 macrophages, B cells, and CD4+ T cells was observed postneoadjuvant therapy. Upregulation of genes and cytokines associated with antigen presentation was also observed, and a favorable pathologic response (≥90% necrosis postneoadjuvant therapy) was associated with an increase in monocytic infiltrate. Upregulation of the T-cell checkpoint TIM3 and downregulation of OX40 were observed posttreatment.Standard neoadjuvant therapy induces both immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive effects within a complex sarcoma microenvironment dominated by myeloid and B cells. This work informs ongoing efforts to incorporate immune checkpoint inhibitors and novel immunotherapies into the neoadjuvant setting for STSs.
Cardiac Nociception
Authors: Paolo G. Camici, Massimo Pagani
Journal: Circulation (2006)

odern cardiovascular medicine, following Harvey's inspiration, positions the heart indisputably at the center of a hemodynamic model.More deeply rooted in our cultural heritage are chronicles, such as Seneca's own description of anginal attacks, or the account of Anania's and Sapphira's sudden death for fear of God's punishment, clearly hinting at some less visible, more subtle, yet critical functions coupling the heart with life and death.These functions are now recognized as attained by the autonomic nervous system.
Long-Term Effects of Community-Based Lifestyle Interventions in Coronary Patients
Authors: Arno Tijssen, Harald T. Jørstad, Madelon Minneboo, Gerben ter Riet, Robert Lindeboom, Wilma J.M. Scholte op Reimer, Ron J.G. Peters, Marjolein Snaterse
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Uninterrupted CAG repeat drives striatum-selective transcriptionopathy and nuclear pathogenesis in human Huntingtin BAC mice
Authors: Xiaofeng Gu, Jeffrey Richman, Peter Langfelder, Nan Wang, Shasha Zhang, Monica Bañez-Coronel, Huei-Bin Wang, Lucia Yang, Lalini Ramanathan, Linna Deng, Chang Sin Park, Christopher R. Choi, Jeffrey P. Cantle, Fuying Gao, Michelle Gray, Giovanni Coppola, Gillian P. Bates, Laura P.W. Ranum, Steve Horvath, Christopher S. Colwell, X. William Yang
Journal: Neuron (2022)

In Huntington's disease (HD), the uninterrupted CAG repeat length, but not the polyglutamine length, predicts disease onset. However, the underlying pathobiology remains unclear. Here, we developed bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) transgenic mice expressing human mutant huntingtin (mHTT) with uninterrupted, and somatically unstable, CAG repeats that exhibit progressive disease-related phenotypes. Unlike prior mHTT transgenic models with stable, CAA-interrupted, polyglutamine-encoding repeats, BAC-CAG mice show robust striatum-selective nuclear inclusions and transcriptional dysregulation resembling those in murine huntingtin knockin models and HD patients. Importantly, the striatal transcriptionopathy in HD models is significantly correlated with their uninterrupted CAG repeat length but not polyglutamine length. Finally, among the pathogenic entities originating from mHTT genomic transgenes and only present or enriched in the uninterrupted CAG repeat model, somatic CAG repeat instability and nuclear mHTT aggregation are best correlated with early-onset striatum-selective molecular pathogenesis and locomotor and sleep deficits, while repeat RNA-associated pathologies and repeat-associated non-AUG (RAN) translation may play less selective or late pathogenic roles, respectively.
A case of high grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration
Authors: Hidetoshi Kitamura, Susumu Hijioka, Yoshikuni Nagashio, Daisuke Ban, Minoru Esaki, Takuji Okusaka, Yutaka Saito
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

We report a case of high grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) ([Video 1]). The patient was a 68-year-old man who came for a checkup. Main pancreatic duct (MPD) dilatation was observed on abdominal ultrasonography. His tumor marker levels were normal. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed a dilated caudal MPD and pancreatic parenchyma atrophy, consistent with the interruption of the MPD in the pancreatic body ([Fig. 1]). Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography revealed caudal MPD dilatation and a small cystic lesion around the MPD stenosis. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) showed a faint 10-mm hypoechoic area around the pancreatic duct with indistinct borders, irregular contours, and heterogeneous internal echogenicity.
Evolutionary Determinants of Cancer
Authors: Mel Greaves
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2015)

Our understanding of cancer is being transformed by exploring clonal diversity, drug resistance, and causation within an evolutionary framework. The therapeutic resilience of advanced cancer is a consequence of its character as a complex, dynamic, and adaptive ecosystem engendering robustness, underpinned by genetic diversity and epigenetic plasticity. The risk of mutation-driven escape by self-renewing cells is intrinsic to multicellularity but is countered by multiple restraints, facilitating increasing complexity and longevity of species. But our own species has disrupted this historical narrative by rapidly escalating intrinsic risk. Evolutionary principles illuminate these challenges and provide new avenues to explore for more effective control.
Understanding the Association of IgE and Gut and Mucosal Proteins in Atopic Disorders
Authors: Anushka Shah, Ella Parsons, Eric Smith, Laurie Kost, Ismail Ögülür, Anja Heider, Ge Tan, Robert Hamilton, Sayantani Sindher, Fang Liu, Cezmi Akdis, Ryan Lieb, Kari Nadeau, Stéphanie Lejeune
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2022)
ACQUIRED IMMUNITY IN SYPHILIS
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Knowledge of acquired immunity has been evolved largely as a result of studies on bacterial or virus infections. In attempting to apply this knowledge to syphilis, the investigator is confronted with baffling problems. Bacterial or virus infections are usually followed by complete recovery, which opens the way for the study of acquired immunity. In syphilis, the question of complete cure is not yet fully settled, a fact that renders the problem of immunity correspondingly difficult. Furthermore, the clinical syndrome in bacterial infections is different from that in syphilis with its various stages and late manifestations. It was perhaps to be expected that the immunologic syndrome in the two types of infection would also differ. As far as man is concerned, natural immunity in syphilis apparently does not exist. While the intensity of the reaction to syphilitic infection might vary in different persons, all appear to be susceptible. Furthermore, only man
Discovery of an insulin‐induced gene binding compound that ameliorates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by inhibiting sterol regulatory element‐binding protein–mediated lipogenesis
Authors: Shi‐You Jiang, Xinglin Yang, Zimo Yang, Jue‐Wan Li, Meng‐Qiang Xu, Yu‐Xiu Qu, Jing‐Jie Tang, Yun‐Feng Li, Liguo Wang, Yi‐Wen Shao, Xin‐Yuan Meng, Huili Hu, Bao‐Liang Song, Yu Rao, Wei Qi
Journal: Hepatology (2022)

Abstract Background and Aims NASH is associated with high levels of cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) in the liver; however, there is still no approved pharmacological therapy. Synthesis of cholesterol and TG is controlled by sterol regulatory element‐binding protein (SREBP), which is found to be abnormally activated in NASH patients. We aim to discover small molecules for treating NASH by inhibiting the SREBP pathway. Approach and Results Here, we identify a potent SREBP inhibitor, 25‐hydroxylanosterol (25‐HL). 25‐HL binds to insulin‐induced gene (INSIG) proteins, stimulates the interaction between INSIG and SCAP, and retains them in the endoplasmic reticulum, thereby suppressing SREBP activation and inhibiting lipogenesis. In NASH mouse models, 25‐HL lowers levels of cholesterol and TG in serum and the liver, enhances energy expenditure to prevent obesity, and improves insulin sensitivity. 25‐HL dramatically ameliorates hepatic steatosis, inflammation, ballooning, and fibrosis through down‐regulating the expression of lipogenic genes. Furthermore, 25‐HL exhibits both prophylactic and therapeutic efficacies of alleviating NASH and atherosclerosis in amylin liver NASH model diet‐treated Ldlr−/− mice, and reduces the formation of cholesterol crystals and associated crown‐like structures of Kupffer cells. Notably, 25‐HL lowers lipid contents in serum and the liver to a greater extent than lovastatin or obeticholic acid. 25‐HL shows a good safety and pharmacokinetics profile. Conclusions This study provides the proof of concept that inhibiting SREBP activation by targeting INSIG to lower lipids could be a promising strategy for treating NASH. It suggests the translational potential of 25‐HL in human NASH and demonstrates the critical role of SREBP‐controlled lipogenesis in the progression of NASH by pharmacological inhibition.
EZH2 Inhibitors: The Unpacking Revolution
Authors: Vera Adema, Simona Colla
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

The methylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27me3) is a chromatin mark associated with nucleosome condensation and gene expression silencing. EZH2 is a lysine methyltransferase that catalyzes H3K27me3. In this issue of Cancer Research, Porazzi and colleagues report that pretreatment with EZH2 inhibitors opened up the H3K27me3-marked chromatin of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, which enhanced DNA damage and apoptosis induced by chemotherapeutic agents, in particular the topoisomerase II inhibitors, doxorubicin and etoposide. The EZH2 inhibitor/doxorubicin combination also enabled the expression of proapoptotic genes, potentially contributing to the death of AML cells. This study has significant implications for improving the efficacy of DNA-damaging cytotoxic agents in AML, thereby enabling lower chemotherapy doses and reducing treatment-related side effects.See related article by Porazzi et al., p. 458.
Purines, Purinergic Receptors, and Cancer
Authors: Francesco Di Virgilio
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Purines were long thought to be restricted to the intracellular compartment, where they are used for energy transactions, nucleic acid synthesis, and a multiplicity of biochemical reactions. However, it is now clear that both adenosine and adenosine triphosphate are (i) abundant biochemical components of the tumor microenvironment, (ii) potent modulators of immune cell responses and cytokine release, and (iii) key players in host–tumor interaction. Moreover, both ATP and adenosine directly affect tumor cell growth. Adenosine is a powerful immunosuppressant (mainly acting at A2A receptors) and a modulator of cell growth (mainly acting at A3 receptors). ATP is a proinflammatory (acting at P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y4, P2Y6, and P2Y12, and at P2X4 and P2X7 receptors), an immunosuppressant (acting at P2Y11), and a growth-promoting agent (acting at P2Y1, P2Y2, and P2X7 receptors). This complex signaling network generates an array of inhibitory and stimulatory responses that affect immune cell function, tumor growth, and metastatic dissemination. Investigation of purinergic signaling has increased our understanding of the tumor microenvironment and opened new and exciting avenues for the development of novel therapeutics. Cancer Res; 72(21); 5441–7. ©2012 AACR.
Easter Message
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal