tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of the Inactivating 609C→T Polymorphism in the NAD(P)H:Quinone Oxidoreductase (NQO1) Gene in Patients With Primary and Therapy-Related Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Richard A. Larson, Yunxia Wang, Mekhala Banerjee, Joseph Wiemels, Christine Hartford, Michelle M. Le Beau, Martyn T. Smith
Journal: Blood (1999)
Abstract 16940: Extent of Coronary Artery Disease and Outcomes After Ticagrelor Administration: Insights from The PLATelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes (PLATO) Trial
Authors: Emmanouil S Brilakis, Claes Held, Bernhard Meier, Frank Cools, Marc J Claeys, Jan H Cornel, Philip Aylward, Basil S Lewis, Douglas W Weaver, Gunnar Brandrup-Wognsen, Susanna Stevens, Lars Wallentin, Stefan K James
Journal: Circulation (2012)
Nocturnal blood pressure
Authors: M. J Stewart
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Measurement is subject to bias

EDITOR,--Though I agree with Martin Middeke and Joachim Schrader that many patients with secondary hypertension seem to have a reduced fall in nocturnal blood pressure,1 assessment of the nocturnal dip is susceptible to considerable measurement bias. Variation in the definition of day and night can have an important influence on the calculated nocturnal fall,2 and I would argue that assessment of pressures while subjects are awake and …
The Novel Proteasome Inhibitors Carfilzomib and Oprozomib Induce Milder Degenerative Effects Compared To Bortezomib When Administered Via Oral Feeding In An In Vivo Drosophila Experimental Model: A Biological Platform To Evaluate Safety/Efficacy Of Proteasome Inhibitors
Authors: Evangelos Terpos, Eleni N. Tsakiri, Efstathios Kastritis, Tina Bagratuni, Vassilis G. Gorgoulis, Ioannis P. Trougakos, Meletios A. Dimopoulos
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract 20867: Role of Pulmonary Function in Adults with Congenital Heart Disease with Reduced Exercise Tolerance
Authors: Heiko Schneider, Jaspal S Dua, Ian Gall, Paul Foster, Michael Parker, Chandran Jepegnanam, Dougal Atkinson, Angella Bryan, John Moore, Vaikom S Mahadevan
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: It is recognized that Adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) have reduced exercise tolerance. However, the contribution of subnormal pulmonary function (PFT) on exercise tolerance in adults with moderate and complex congenital heart disease is not well known. This study looks at the role of pulmonary function abnormalities in this patient population with reduced exercise tolerance assessed using cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). Methods: Over a period of 3 years, 126 ACHD patients (69 males, age 28±1, BSA 1.8±0.2, BMI 23.7±0.35) with moderate/complex heart disease based on the Bethesda classification underwent CPET; Lung function was measured by standard spirometry before CPET, which was performed according to a standardized ramped exercise algorithm on a bicycle ergometer. Parameters were recorded at rest, at anaerobic threshold and at maximum exercise. These included; work-load, watts; minute ventilation, VE, L/min; peak oxygen uptake, VO2max, ml/kg/min; carbon dioxide eliminat...
The use of nicotine gum during cessation of smoking
Authors: Nina G. Schneider, Paulene Popek, Murray E. Jarvik, Ellen R. Gritz
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1977)

The authors present three case studies which suggest that smoking withdrawal symptoms in certain individuals may be due to removal of nicotine per se, implying that smokers may develop a true physical dependence on cigarettes. Nicotine replacement by use of an experimental chewing gum containing nicotine in various dosages successfully prevented or alleviated the abstinence symptoms of the subjects studied.
Glycogen in human peripheral blood leukocytes
Authors: Robert B. Scott
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1968)

In the present paper a model system is described utilizing suspensions of peripheral blood leukocytes in which glycogen synthesis and degradation can be studied. Leukocyte suspensions containing 72-94% granulocytes were prepared essentially free of platelets and erythrocytes and consisted almost entirely of neutrophile granulocytes. Initial glycogen content averaged 7.36 +/- 2.05 mg/10(9) neutrophiles. In a glucose-free medium glycogenolysis took place with glycogen losses averaging 38% in 2 hr. When adequate glucose was added to the medium, glycogen was resynthesized to the original level. Glycogen resynthesis was studied with varying glucose "loads" to determine (a) the glucose level which was adequate for cell maintenance without utilization of glycogen stores, and (b) the glucose level which provided maximal glycogen resynthesis. With cell densities of 20-50 x 10(6)/ml the minimum glucose load which allowed maintenance of glycogen stores was 2 mg and 5.3 mg/10(9) neutrophiles for 30 and 60 min, respectively. During resynthesis with glucose-(14)C, as much as 88.9% of the intracellular radioactivity could be found in glycogen. Leukocyte glycogen was made radioactive by a "pulse" of glucose-(14)C followed by a "chase" with nonradioactive glucose. Specific activity changes in glycogen isolated during the "chase" showed that glycogen was in constant turnover. When glycogen was made radioactive by a "pulse" of glucose-(14)C and the cells placed in glucose-free medium, the specific activity of isolated glycogen fell rapidly. Thus, the most recently added glucose units of the molecule were also the first to be removed when conditions favoring synthesis were changed to conditions favoring degradation.Even though glycogen is constantly turning over, the enzymatic "machinery" for its synthesis is relatively stable and not dependent on continuous protein or RNA synthesis, as shown by experiments with puromycin and actinomycin.
Abstract 169: Erythropoietin Enhances Left Ventricular Cytochrome c Oxidase Activity During Cardiac Resuscitation
Authors: Jeejabai Radhakrishnan, Madhav P Upadhyaya, Iyad M Ayoub, Raul J Gazmuri
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: We have previously documented in a rat model of VF and closed-chest resuscitation that administration of erythropoietin (EPO) preserves left ventricular distensibility — yielding hemody...
Abstract 10182: Aerobic Capacity Predicts Fetal Development and the Maternal Pregnancy Related Events in Adults with Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Yuka Tanabe, Hideo Ohuchi, Heima Sakaguchi, Aya Miyazaki, Chizuko Kamiya, Tomoaki Ikeda, Osamu Yamada
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Whether maternal aerobic capacity (peak oxygen uptake; pVO2) can predict the maternal and fetal pregnancy-related events remains unknown in adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD). ...
Diphtheria Toxin Fused to Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Is Toxic to Blasts From Patients With Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia and Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia
Authors: Arthur E. Frankel, Michael Lilly, Robert Kreitman, Donna Hogge, Miloslav Beran, Melvin H. Freedman, Peter D. Emanuel, Chris McLain, Philip Hall, Edward Tagge, Marc Berger, Connie Eaves
Journal: Blood (1998)
Abstract P368: Risk Factor Interventions are Effective for Preventing Cardiovascular Events in HIV-Infected Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Chidozie Nduka, Kandala Ngianga-Bakwin, Gaurav Suri, Saverio Stranges
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: The declining rate of HIV-related deaths has become rather slow in recent times, largely because of the rising incidence of cardiovascular events associated with the disease and its long-term treatment with anti-retroviral drugs. While conclusive evidences support the effectiveness of cardiovascular risk factor interventions in the general population, there is a dearth of such evidence of clinical effectiveness in certain high-risk subgroups, particularly HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral treatment. Objective: To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of risk factor interventions in preventing cardiovascular disease in HIV-positive patients on antiretroviral treatment (ART) and summarize the effect size. Design and methods: Systematic review of randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of interventions in modifying ART-associated risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Trials were eligible for inclusion if they were published in the last 12 years [2000 to June 2012] and participants were HIV-positive, on ART and having more than one ART-associated cardiovascular risk factor. Results: In total, 2,071 HIV-positive participants from 10 randomized trials were included in the review. The interventions evaluated comprised lifestyle modification, lipid-lowering treatment and smoking cessation. Overall, the main results showed significant improvements in total cholesterol [P&lt;0.0001], LDL cholesterol [P&lt;0.0001], HDL cholesterol [P&lt;0.002], triglycerides [P&lt;0.001], apolipoprotein B levels [P=0.036], adiposity [&lt;0.001], anthropometry [P&lt;0.001], insulin sensitivity [P&lt;0.05], HbA1c levels [P&lt;0.001], FBG levels [P=0.017], adiponectin levels [P&lt;0.05], dietary intake [P&lt;0.001], smoking abstinence [P&lt;0.0001] and Framingham score [P=0.03]. The results also showed improvements in systolic [from 145.6±14.5 mmHg to 122.8±5.2 mmHg] and diastolic blood pressure [from 84.7±1.7 mmHg to 80.1±3.8 mmHg]; however, there was no improvement in carotid intima-media thickness [P=0.61] or inflammatory biomarkers [P=0.973 to 0.110]. Conclusion: In conclusion, this review presents evidence suggesting that cardiovascular risk factor interventions are effective in HIV-infected persons on ART. However, cardiovascular screening programs targeting people living with HIV and primary studies assessing the effectiveness (clinical and cost) of multiple risk factor interventions in this sub-group are needed.
Abstract 16808: Risk of Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Infection in Hemodialysis or Peritoneal Dialysis: Evaluation of a Large End Stage Renal Disease Database
Authors: William Maddox, Kristina Kintziger, Rhonda Colombo, Avirup Guha, Mufaddel Kheda, N. S Nahman, Robert Sorrentino
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: Blood stream infection (BSI) in incident hemodialysis (HD) patients is over 20% (Chebrolu, IDSA 2012). Dialysis patients who undergo placement of a cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) may thus be at an increased risk of CIED infection (CIEDI) as well as endocarditis (IE) and other BSI. We have theorized that the infectious risks of hemodialysis (HD) patients may place them at higher risk for CIEDI when compared to peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of the United States Renal Data System (USRDS) database to determine the risk of CIEDI and IE among individuals with ESRD on dialysis. We combined the patient demographic characteristic data with the information contained on the CMS Medical Evidence Report (CMS-2728) and Medicare Part A and Part B claims. Data was collected on incident adult ESRD patients from 2005 - 2007. The mode of dialysis was categorized as HD or PD based on CMS-2728. Individuals were followed from the date of first ...
C-reactive protein is elevated in non-allergic but not allergic asthma. : a multicentre epidemiological study.
Authors: Inga Sif Ólafsdóttir, Thorarinn Gislason, B Thjódleifsson, I Olafsson, D Gislason, Rain Jögi, Christer Janson
Journal: Thorax (2005)

Systemic inflammation is associated with impaired lung function. Inflammation is part of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the local and systemic inflammatory pattern differs. The overall aim was to evaluate systemic inflammatory markers in obstructive lung diseases and more specifically: To determine if CRP is related to respiratory symptoms, asthma, atopy and bronchial responsiveness (paper I), in a population sample from three countries (paper I and II); to evaluate if CRP is related to COPD, lung function and rate of lung function decline (paper II); to investigate the association of serum MMP-9 and TIMP-1 with lung function in a cross-sectional population based study (paper III); and finally, to study possible gender differences in the longitudinal association between CRP and lung function in a prospective population based study (paper IV). In the first study we reported that CRP was related to non-allergic asthma but not allergic asthma, and that CRP was related to respiratory symptoms such as wheeze, nocturnal cough and breathlessness after effort, but not associated with atopy or bronchial responsiveness. In the second study we found that COPD was more common in subjects in the highest CRP quartiles and higher CRP levels were associated with lower FEV1 values in both men and women, but the negative association between CRP and FEV1 was larger in men than women. The FEV1 decline was larger in men with high CRP levels, whereas no such association was found for women. In the third study we reported that lower FEV1 was associated with higher levels of MMP-9, TIMP-1 and their ratio MMP-9/TIMP-1. After stratification for gender this association was significant in men but not women. In the fourth study we found that CRP levels were associated with change in both FEV1 and FVC in men but not women. This association was found for both baseline CRP and change in CRP, confirming a stronger association between systemic inflammation and lung function decline in men than women. In conclusion, systemic inflammation is associated with non-allergic asthma but not allergic asthma. Our findings of a stronger association between the systemic inflammation and lung function impairment in men, but not women, may indicate a gender difference in the mechanisms of lung function decline.
The nature and course of olfactory deficits in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: M Serby, P Larson, D Kalkstein
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1991)

The aim of this study was to determine the specific nature and course of olfactory deficits in Alzheimer's disease. Previous studies had noted impaired odor identification, but there was no unanimity about the presence of odor detection deficits.Odor identification was tested in 55 patients with Alzheimer's disease and 57 elderly control subjects by using the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test. Odor detection was assessed in 46 subjects with Alzheimer's disease and 40 control subjects by using a forced-choice threshold test with geraniol as the odorant.Significant deficits in olfactory identification were present in subjects who were in the earliest stages of cognitive impairment, and these deficits increased as Alzheimer's disease progressed. There was some overlap in individual smell identification test scores between cognitively impaired patients and normal elderly subjects. On the other hand, odor detection deficits did not appear until Alzheimer's disease was relatively advanced. Smell identification test scores were correlated with Mini-Mental State scores, but geraniol detection was not.Odor identification is impaired early in Alzheimer's disease and may be more influenced by cognitive status than is acuity of odor detection, which is not altered until later in the disorder. The pattern of hyposmia in Alzheimer's disease suggests that the disorder may not "begin in the nose," as has been theorized previously. Further refinement of olfactory testing may be useful in the diagnostic evaluation of early dementia.
Abstract 9920: Growth Differentiation Factor 15, ST2 and Natriuretic Peptides in Heart Failure with Preserved versus Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Rajalakshmi Santhanakrishnan, Jenny P Chong, Arthur M Richards, Carolyn S Lam
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is part of the TGF-β superfamily and a marker of cell injury and inflammation. ST2 is part of the interleukin-1 receptor family and a marker of mechanical stress and ventricular remodeling. While each of these novel markers is elevated in heart failure (HF), little is known regarding their differential levels in HF with preserved vs reduced ejection fraction (HFPEF vs HFREF respectively) or relative to the established marker of wall stretch, amino terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP). Aim: To compare circulating GDF15, ST2, NTproBNP and their ratios in HFPEF vs HFREF Hypotheses: Since GDF15, ST2 and NTproBNP are markers of distinct mechanistic processes that may be differentially involved in HFPEF vs HFREF, we hypothesized that a combination of markers may better distinguish between HFPEF and HFREF than a single marker. Methods and Results: GDF15, ST2 and NTproBNP were measured in consecutive patients hospitalized with HFREF (N=20, 58±5 y, 85% men) and HFPEF (EF≥50%, N=12, 68±11 y, 58% men). Despite similarly raised filling pressures (E/e’ 20±11 in HFREF vs 19±9 in HFPEF; p=0.8), NTproBNP was lower in HFPEF than HFREF, whereas GDF15 and ST2 were similar raised in both HFPEF and HFREF (Table). The ratio GDF15:NTproBNP was higher in HFPEF than HFREF, even after adjusting for age, sex and body size (p=0.025), and distinguished HFPEF from HFREF with the largest area under receiver operating curve. Among the biomarkers, only NTproBNP correlated with left ventricular mass (r=0.44; p=0.012). Conclusions: This pilot study suggests that at similarly high filling pressures, myocardial injury/ inflammation (as measured by GDF15) relative to wall stretch (GDF:NTproBNP ratio) is dominant in HFPEF compared to HFREF. Future studies in larger samples of HF patients and including non-HF controls are needed to further delineate the relationships of these novel biomarkers with ventricular remodeling.
Abstract 4201: Ankle Brachial Index Improves Prediction of Mortality Determined by Framingham Risk Score in 48,115 Healthy Subjects in Sixteen Studies Worldwide.
Authors: Francis G Fowkes, Michael Criqui, Gordon D Murray
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Both low ankle brachial index (ABI) and high Framingham Risk Score (FRS) are each associated with an increased risk of death. The aims of our study were to determine for the first time how the ABI might improve prediction determined by the FRS and definitively ascertain the normal and at risk levels of the ABI to be used in clinical practice. The study was an individual patient meta-analysis of data from 16 major population cohort studies based in the USA, Europe and Australia and participating in the ABI Collaboration. 24885 men and 23230 women, who had no history of cardiovascular disease and who had an ABI measured at baseline, were included. From a low (≤ 0.6) to a high (&gt;1.4) ABI the risk of death followed a reversed J shaped (ski jump) curve which indicated that the ABI might be categorised usefully in both men and women as ≤ 0.9 (low abnormal), 0.91–1.1 (slightly abnormal), 1.11–1.4 (normal) and &gt; 1.4 (high abnormal). The pooled relative hazard for death for those with a low abnormal compared to normal ABI was 3.23 (95% CI 2.99 to 3.48) for men and 2.79 (95% CI 2.55 to 3.03) for women. For those in the bottom quintile of FRS the 10 year all cause mortality was 8% for men and 9% for women rising to 35% for men and 18% for women in the top quintile. Inclusion of the ABI resulted in those with an ABI of ≤ 0.9 doubling their absolute mortality risk at every FRS level. In those with an ABI &gt; 1.4 a slight increase in mortality was found. Use of the ABI would result in almost 10% of the population having a reclassification of their mortality risk. Similar results were found for cardiovascular mortality. These findings indicate that the ABI has potential to be included as a screening tool for cardiovascular and all cause mortality in the healthy population but further work is required to determine if there are specific groups, for example the elderly, in which use of the ABI is most beneficial.
Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acid intake and status during pregnancy, lactation, and early childhood on cardiometabolic health: A systematic review
Authors: Trudy Voortman, Edith H. van den Hooven, Kim V.E. Braun, Marion van den Broek, Wichor M. Bramer, Rajiv Chowdhurry, Oscar H. Franco
Journal: Progress in Lipid Research (2015)
Abstract 2959: Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor Therapy is Associated with Reduced Incidence of Acute Rejections and Allograft Vasculopathy in Heart Transplant Recipients
Authors: Francois Haddad, Bojan Vrtovec, Michael Pham, Tobias Deuse, William Fearon, Hannah Valantine, Sharon Hunt
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been shown to attenuate coronary disease in non-transplant population and decrease the incidence of acute rejections in experimental models of heart transplantation. Hypothesis. We hypothesized that G-CSF may decrease the incidence of allograft vasculopathy and rejection in heart transplant recipients. Methods. Of 247 patients who underwent heart transplantation at Stanford University Medical Center from 2000 to 2007 we enrolled 52 (21%) patients who presented with leukopenia (WBC &lt; 2.5 x 10 9 cells/L) in the absence of active infection, rejection or malignancy. In 24 (46%) patients leukopenia was treated with G-CSF (mean dose 348 ± 78 mcg daily; G-CSF Group), and 28 (54%) patients received no G-CSF therapy (non-GCSF group). All patients were followed for 1 year after leukopenia occurence for the development of allograft vasculopathy (any new stenotic lesion on annual coronary angiography) and rejection incidence (ISHLT grade ≥3A or higher, or severe non-cellular rejection). Results. At baseline, G-CSF Group and non-G-CSF Group did not differ in age (54 ± 16 vs. 47 ± 14 years, respectively, P = 0.1), gender (male: 17% vs. 35%, P = 0.12), race (Caucasian: 79%, vs. 78%, P = 0.96), heart failure etiology (ischemic: 26% vs. 45%, P = 0.12), creatinine (1.6 ± 1.1 mg/dl vs. 1.5 ± 0.6 mg/dl, P = 0.6), LVEF (64 ± 8% vs. 64 ± 7%, P = 0.81), immunosupressive regimen (CyA/MMF/Prednisone: 42% vs. 54%, P = 0.4), or post-transplant time of leukopenia occurence (284 ± 396 days in the G-CSF Group vs. 347 ± 365 days in Controls, P = 0.57). During 1-year follow-up there were no events in the G-CSF Group, and 1 death in the non-G-CSF Group ( P = 0.34). Rejection incidence was significantly lower in the G-CSF Group (8% vs. 36% in Controls, P = 0.019), as was cardiac allograft vasculopathy (4% vs. 29%, P = 0.02). Conclusions. G-CSF therapy appears to be associated with decreased incidence of acute rejections and allograft vasculopathy in heart transplant recipients, suggesting that G-CSF may have immunomodulatory effects.
Abstract 16457: 4D- Echocardiographic Analysis of Degenerative Mitral Valve: Annular Dynamics are Deranged in Myxomatous Degeneration
Authors: Arminder S Jassar, Melissa M Levack, Benjamin M Jackson, Thomas J Eperjesi, Alison M Pouch, Chun Xu, Derek P Nathan, Albert T Cheung, Stuart J Weiss, WIlliam J Vernick, Michael A Acker, Joseph H Gorman, Robert C Gorman
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background Myxomatous disease is generally considered to be a disease of the leaflets, with preserved annular function. As such, flexible annuloplasty devices are routinely utilized to stabilize th...