tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reply to Spector and Iweala
Authors: Priya V. Borker, Emely Carmona, Utibe R. Essien, Gul Jana Saeed, S. Mehdi Nouraie, Jessie P. Bakker, Christy J. Stitt, Mark S. Aloia, Sanjay R. Patel
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2021)

Hispanic Americans, and we appreciate the discussion of all these factors as they contribute to disparities.Unfortunately, as designed, this study does not answer the question about racial health disparities in continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) adherence; thus, we object to the authors' conclusion that "our findings extend results from earlier studies which have reported consistently that Black patients have lower CPAP usage than White patients."The authors go on to conclude that they have "observed racial and ethnic differences in adherence," but they have not done so with the reported data.Although their conclusions about the differences in the neighborhoods may be valid, this study does not address racial or ethnic differences in adherence and should not be interpreted as evidence that Black and Hispanic patients are less adherent to CPAP.This study compares neighborhoods that are ,1% Black or Hispanic with those that are .25%Black or Hispanic.In other words, it compares majority non-Hispanic White neighborhoods with other majority non-Hispanic White neighborhoods.Given that the populations in these "minority" neighborhoods could be up to 74% non-Hispanic White, any findings from this study are more likely to reflect differences in the behavior of non-Hispanic White people than they are Hispanic or Black people.Based on the data presented in this study, it is equally logical to conclude that non-Hispanic White people who live among higher concentrations of Black and/or Hispanic neighbors are less likely to adhere to CPAP.It is the authors' assumption of disadvantage and healthcare "mistrust" that leads them to assume it is the CPAP usage by the Black and Hispanic patients rather than by the White patients that accounts for their findings.To learn about racial differences in CPAP adherence, we suggest including comparisons with neighborhoods that are at least 50% Black or Hispanic, preferably percentages that mirror the percentages of White people (e.g., comparing neighborhoods that are 99% White with those that are 99% Black).Otherwise, it is inappropriate to make conclusions about the behaviors of Black and Hispanic patients by comparing two populations in which they are significant minorities.
Abstract 205: Over 5 Years Follow-up of Kawasaki Disease with Atopic Bronchial Asthma
Authors: Toshimi Nakamura, Tsuneyuki Nakamura, Giyo Ko, Yoko Yamashita, Chisato Akita, Yutaka Saikawa
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Recent epidemiological studies have suggested that some patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) have an atopic tendency. However, it is not clear what the long-term prognosis will be for KD-patient with allergic disease. We aim to investigate the long-term prognosis of KD-patient with allergic disease. Subjects &amp; Methods: We studied a cohort of KD-patient (n=58, follow-up age; 9.95±1.84 years), in whom we examined total serum IgE and specific IgE at KD-onset (onset age; 2.13±1.84 years). Using retrospective patient medical record analysis, we evaluated the prevalence of bronchial asthma at onset and follow-up of KD. In addition, we examined the hospitalization rate, medical history and family history in pediatric bronchial asthma after KD-onset. Results: In our study, KD-patient had markedly higher total serum IgE and prevalence of bronchial asthma at onset of KD than the general children’s population, as reported by Japanese national government (Table 1). The prevalence of bronchial asthma at follow-up was similar to the general children’s population. 9 children had already had a diagnosis of a bronchial asthma at KD-onset. 8 children had subsequently developed bronchial asthma after KD-onset. In these 2 groups, however, 6 and 8 children, respectively, had remitted during follow-up. Nobody was hospitalized for asthmatic exacerbation after KD-onset. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that KD-patient with atopic bronchial asthma at onset have not developed severe allergic reaction. There results provide that the pathogenic mechanism of KD might weakly or transiently provoke an elevation of total IgE and the developing of allergies.
Phase 2 study of DRD2 antagonist/ClpP agonist ONC201 in neuroendocrine tumors.
Authors: Peter Meade Anderson, Janette Gortz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

3002 Background: ONC201, an imipridone with specificity for the dopamine-like DRD2 receptor and the mitochondrial protease ClpP, imparts anti-cancer effects via up-regulation of TRAIL/DR5, dual AKT/ERK pathway inhibition, and promotion of an integrated stress response. Select neuroendocrine tumors are known to secrete dopamine and harbor elevated DRD2 expression, which is most pronounced in pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma (PC-PG). Methods: This investigator-initiated single center trial (NCT03034200) enrolled 10 patients with metastatic PC-PG to cohort A and 12 patients with other neuroendocrine tumors to cohort B. The primary endpoint was response using MRI or CT, PET-CT and/or PET-MRI imaging defined as CR + PR + SD &gt; 3 months by RECIST criteria assessed by investigator. Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival, overall survival and safety. ONC201 was administered at 625 mg by oral capsules once each week. CT scans and tumor markers (plasma chromogranin and metanephrines) were followed at 6 weeks, 3 months and then every 3 months. Patients with clinical benefit could receive stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for non-indicator (e.g. bone) metastases. The data cutoff for this analysis is December 1, 2020. Results: In Arm A (n = 10; all paraganglioma) 5 patients exhibited a PR and 2 additional patients exhibited SD &gt; 3 months. Median duration of therapy for patients was 9 months (range: 1.5-33) with 5 patients &gt; 1 year. In Arm B (n = 12) there were 1 PR and 2 SD &gt; 3 months. Median duration of therapy was 3 months (range: 1-33). The partial response occurred in a patient with desmoplastic small round cell tumor who remains on treatment for &gt; 2 years. There was no instance of dose modification or discontinuation due to treatment-related adverse events. Conclusions: ONC201 is well tolerated at 625mg weekly in adults with advanced neuroendocrine tumors and is associated with clinical benefit that includes tumor response, particularly in paraganglioma patients. A more intense schedule of 2 daily doses each week is under evaluation, in addition to other neuroendocrine tumors. Clinical trial information: NCT03034200.
Abstract 14675: Skeletal Muscle Mass Predicts Future Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Yasuhiro Uchida, Satoshi Ichimiya, Hideki Ishii, Jun Yonekawa, Akinori Satake, Yuichiro Makino, Wataru Suzuki, Masanari Kurobe, Koji Mizutani, Yoshiaki Mizutani, Hitoshi Ichimiya, Akinori Tamenishi, Hiroshi Okamoto, Tetsuya Amano, Junji Watanabe, Masaaki Kanashiro, Toyoaki Murohara
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Recently, sarcopenia is proposed a new prognostic factor for cardiovascular disease. However, the prognostic impact of skeletal muscle mass on clinical outcomes in patients with sever...
Effect of prolonged exposition to growth factors differently on proliferation of CRC cell cultures encapsulated in alginate.
Authors: Svetlana Yu. Filippova, Anastasia O. Sitkovskaya, Irina V. Mezhevova, Sofia V. Timofeeva, Tatiana V. Shamova, Inna A. Novikova, Vladimir E. Kolesnikov, Valeriy V. Kolesnikov, Maria Sidorenko, Pavel Panchenko, Oleg I. Kit
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

e15610 Background: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are promising targets in modern oncology. A lot of CSCs enrichment and cultivation techniques are being currently developed. Most of the approaches deploy high doses of growth factors in culture media, - EGF and FGF2 above all, - without prior testing. Since prolonged exposition to growth factors may cause paradoxical growth inhibition it is worth developing test systems to evaluate culturing conditions before establishing the main experiment. Encapsulation in alginate may serve as a promising approach to develop such test-systems due to alginate reduced ability to adsorb proteins and maintain proper attachment to the ECM of non-stem cell even in the presence of serum. It is important to notice that serum addition may be crucial during initial stages of primary CSCs culture establishment. The aim of the study was to test EGF and FGF2 effects on anoikis resistant cells growth in permanent colorectal cancer cell lines. Methods: The cells of Caco-2, HT-29, and HCT 116 cultures were encapsulated in 1% alginate beads at a concentration of 100 000 cells/ml. Subsequently encapsulated cells were kept in 2 variants of culture media: DMEM/F12 + 10%FBS with and without addition of growth factors (EGF 20 ng/ml, FGF2 10 ng/ml). The cultivation was carried out for 10 days, after that the colonies area (A) was measured. Data are given as: Mean ± 95% confidence interval. Results: The average area of Caco-2 culture colonies increased significantly with the addition of growth factors (FBS only A = 1755.16±195.87 μm 2 , with additional growth factors Af = 3270.57±274.91 μm 2 ), the difference was significant (t = 8.83, n = 300, p &lt; 0,05). The area of HCT116 colonies after growth factors addition increased only slightly (A = 2844.89±461.57 μm 2 , Af = 3530.31±503.85 μm 2 ), the difference nevertheless did not reach significant values (t = 1.94, n = 300, p &gt; 0.05). At the same time, the area of HT-29 colonies significantly decreased in the culture medium containing additional growth factors (A = 4605.10±324.02 μm 2 , Af = 3167.85±249.07 μm 2 ), the difference was significant (t = 6.92, n = 300, p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: Combining alginate encapsulation and colonies size measurement enabled us to evaluate culturing conditions of anoikis resistant cells in permanent CRC cultures and proved growth factors addition to be an ambiguous practice in CSCs research. This tactics can be applied in a broad spectrum of tasks concerning more effective CSCs medium formulations development.
Reducing racial disparities in time to breast cancer diagnosis: Impact of immediate screening mammogram reads during the COVID pandemic.
Authors: Janeiro Achibiri, Brian Nicholas Dontchos, Sarah Mercaldo, Anand Narayan, Randy C. Miles, Leslie Lamb, Gary X. Wang, Constance Dobbins Lehman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

6508 Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, barriers to access screening mammography along with goals to reduce visits supported immediate reading of screening mammograms. Typically, screening mammograms are reported after patients have left the facility. If imaging is abnormal, then an additional visit is needed for diagnostic imaging, introducing delays and potential disparities .Thus, we implemented an immediate-read screening mammography program and measured its impact on racial/ethnic disparities in time to diagnostic imaging after an abnormal screening mammogram. Methods: Responding to the COVID-19 pandemic, we implemented an immediate read screening program in late May 2020. Patients were provided imaging results before discharge and if the exam was abnormal, efforts were made to perform diagnostic imaging during that visit. We identified consecutive screening mammograms performed weekdays 8:00am-4:30pm and Saturdays 9:00am-4:00pm pre-implementation (6/1/19-10/31/19) and post-implementation (6/1/2020-10/31/2020). Exams left unread while awaiting comparison studies, due to technical factors, or for more than 10 days were excluded. Patient demographics and time from screening exam completion to report finalized were obtained from the electronic medical record. Cancer detection rate (CDR), abnormal interpretation rate (AIR), and positive predictive value (PPV) were calculated. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used to compare time from screening exam to report, same-day diagnostic imaging, and screening performance metrics pre- and post-implementation overall and by patient subgroups. Results: After 963 exams met exclusion criteria, a total of 8,222 pre- and 7,235 post-implementation exams were included. Median time to report finalization decreased from 61minutes (interquartile range [IQR]:24, 152) to 4 minutes (IQR:2, 7) for pre- and post-implementation periods (p &lt; 0.001). During the pre-implementation period, non-white patients had lower odds of having same-day diagnostic imaging after an abnormal screening exam (age-adjusted odds ratio: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.10, 0.78 p = 0.015). There was no evidence of this disparity post-implementation. AIR was higher in the pre- versus post-implementation period (6.3% versus 5.0%; p &lt; 0.001). There was no evidence of a difference in CDR (5.8 versus 4.2 cancers/1,000 exams) and PPV (9.2% versus 8.4%) for pre- versus post-implementation periods. Conclusions: An immediate read screening mammography program reduces racial/ethnic disparities in time to diagnostic imaging after an abnormal screening mammogram, thus promoting equity in access to care.[Table: see text]
Safety and efficacy of occipital nerve stimulation for attack prevention in medically intractable chronic cluster headache (ICON): a randomised, double-blind, multicentre, phase 3, electrical dose-controlled trial
Authors: Leopoldine A Wilbrink, Ilse F de Coo, Patty G G Doesborg, Wim M Mulleners, Onno P M Teernstra, Eveline C Bartels, Katja Burger, Frank Wille, Robert T M van Dongen, Erkan Kurt, Geert H Spincemaille, Joost Haan, Erik W van Zwet, Frank J P M Huygen, Michel D Ferrari, M.D. Ferrari, L.A. Wilbrink, I.F. de Coo, P.G.G. Doesborg, E.C. Bartels, E.W. van Zwet, F.J.P.M. Huygen, W.M. Mulleners, R.T.M. van Dongen, E. Kurt, O.P.M. Teernstra, P.J.J. Koehler, G.H. Spincemaille, F. Wille, K. Burger, J. Haan, E.G.M. Couturier, J.W. Kallewaard, P.H. Veltink, J. Schoenen, D. Magis, L.G. Eross, J. Afra, H. Göbel, A. Heinze, V. Tronnier, D. Rasche
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2021)
Impact of cancer on emergency department outcomes.
Authors: Alexander S. Qian, Edmund M. Qiao, Vinit Nalawade, Rohith S. Voora, Nikhil V. Kotha, Christian Dameff, Christopher John Coyne, James Don Murphy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

e18618 Background: Cancer patients frequently utilize the Emergency Department (ED) for a variety of diagnoses, both related and unrelated to their cancer. Patients with cancer have unique risks related to their cancer and treatment which could influence ED-related outcomes. A better understanding of these risks could help improve risk-stratification for these patients and help inform future interventions. This study sought to define the increased risks cancer patients face for inpatient admission and hospital mortality among cancer patients presenting to the ED. Methods: From the National Emergency Department Sample (NEDS) we identified patients with and without a diagnosis of cancer presenting to the ED between 2016 and 2018. We used International Classification of Diseases, version 10 (ICD10-CM) codes to identify patients with cancer, and to identify patient’s presenting diagnosis. Multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression models assessed the influence of cancer diagnoses on two endpoints: hospital admission from the ED, and inpatient hospital mortality. Results: There were 340 million weighted ED visits, of which 8.3 million (2.3%) occurred in patients with a cancer diagnosis. Compared to non-cancer patients, patients with cancer had an increased risk of inpatient admission (64.7% vs. 14.8%; p &lt; 0.0001) and hospital mortality (4.6% vs. 0.5%; p &lt; 0.0001). Factors associated with both an increased risk of hospitalization and death included older age, male gender, lower income level, discharge quarter, and receipt of care in a teaching hospital. We identified the top 15 most common presenting diagnoses among cancer patients, and among each of these diagnoses, cancer patients had increased risks of hospitalization (odds ratio [OR] range 2.0-13.2; all p &lt; 0.05) and death (OR range 2.1-14.4; all p &lt; 0.05) compared to non-cancer patients with the same diagnosis. Within the cancer patient cohort, cancer site was the most robust individual predictor associated with risk of hospitalization or death, with highest risk among patients with metastatic cancer, liver and lung cancers compared to the reference group of prostate cancer patients. Conclusions: Cancer patients presenting to the ED have high risks for hospital admission and death when compared to patients without cancer. Cancer patients represent a distinct population and may benefit from cancer-specific risk stratification or focused interventions tailored to improve outcomes in the ED setting.
Abstract 16613: Endogenous Tissue Transglutaminase Protects the Pressure-Overloaded Myocardium From Dilative Remodeling by Preserving Matrix Integrity
Authors: Marcin P Dobaczewski, Ying Xia, Wei Chen, Shin Kyung-Kyun, Na Li, Dong-Wook Lee, Gerry Melino, Nikolaos G Frangogiannis
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Tissue transglutaminase (tTG) is a multifunctional protein that modulates inflammation and repair by activating TGF-β, by enhancing fibroblast responses to growth factors, by regulating matrix meta...
Granisetron extended-release subcutaneous injection versus palonosetron infusion for preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: A cost analysis.
Authors: Vikas Kumar, Martin Barnes, George Calcanes, Michael Mosier, Danille Virgilio, Jeffrey L. Vacirca
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

e24093 Background: Unscheduled hydrations (UHs) can significantly increase the cost of care in patients receiving moderately or highly emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC or HEC). Granisetron extended-release subcutaneous injection (GERSC) is a unique formulation of granisetron for prevention of acute and delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). Limited data are available regarding the impact of GERSC on cost of UHs compared to other antiemetics. Objective: Assess costs of an UHs associated with breakthrough CINV following GERSC or palonosetron (PALO) for preventing CINV in patients receiving MEC or HEC. Methods: Retrospective analysis of medical records from a single multicenter community-based practice involving patients receiving MEC or HEC with a 3-drug antiemetic regimen (neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist, dexamethasone, and either GERSC or PALO). Cost of care analysis for GERSC and PALO was based on maximum per-unit Medicare reimbursement for UHs, rescue antiemetic drugs and administration, laboratory, and office evaluations. Results: 182 patient records (n = 91 GERSC; n = 91 PALO) were evaluated. A lower number of median UHs per-patient were observed following GERSC versus PALO (HEC, 3 vs 5) and (MEC, 2 vs 3). Mean cost of care related to UHs was significantly lower per-patient following GERSC ($296, n=91) versus palonosetron ($837, n=91) ( P &lt; 0.0001), including when the subset analysis was restricted to those patients requiring hydration (Table).When analyzing individual components of care, hydration (CPT codes 96360 and 96361) costs per-patient receiving HEC or MEC were lower following GERSC ($62, n=91) versus PALO ($253, n=91) ( P &lt; 0.0001). Lower per-patient costs were observed following GERSC in all components of care except rescue antiemetic drug costs in MEC patients. Conclusions: GERSC reduced total per-patient costs of care associated with UHs visit relative to PALO in patients receiving HEC or MEC.[Table: see text]
Effectiveness of intravenous high-dose methotrexate for prevention of relapse in patients with DLBCL.
Authors: Hind Alotaibi, Ibraheem Motabi, Ahmad Butt, Nawal AlShehry, Mohammed Marei, Imran Tailor, Sayed Altaf, Syed Zaidi, Mohammed Alnoamani, Abdullah Alrajhi, Bilal Albtoosh, Kamal Alzahrani, Mansour Alfayez
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

e19562 Background: Central nervous system (CNS) relapse develops in 2-10% of patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and has an adverse prognosis. Tools like IPI and CNS-IPI scores identify patients at high risk of systemic or CNS relapse based on the presence of established risk factors ( Schmitz et al. JCO 2016). International guidelines propose prophylactic intravenous high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) for patients at high risk of CNS relapse; however, limited data is backing this approach. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of newly diagnosed DLBCL patients aged 18-75 years treated with curative intent at large academic medical centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between 2015-2018. Patients who were planned for CNS HD-MTX after cycles 2, 4, and 6 of R-CHOP and received at least one HD-MTX cycle were included. Results: We identified 35 DLBCL patients who received at least one R-CHOP cycle with one cycle of HD-MTX. The median IPI and CNS-IPI score were 3, (range = 0-4) and 3, (range = 0-5), respectively. The median number of R-CHOP cycles received was 6 (range 3-6) and HD-MTX 3 (range 1-6). The overall response rate was 91%, with 3 (9%) primary refractory patients per interim evaluation on cycle 3 of R-CHOP. Achieving complete remission after six cycles of RCHOP was noted in 80%, with four additional patients showed residual disease at the end of treatment evaluation. The entire cohort's overall survival was not reached, and five years estimated survival is 75%. With a median follow-up duration of 37.3 months, none of the patients relapsed after achieving CR at the end of treatment evaluation. The risk of systemic or CNS relapse in our cohort was 0%. In restricting the analysis to CNS-IPI of ≥ 4, a total of 13 patients with a median follow-up of 42 months were included; four patients did not achieve CR by the end of treatment, while nine patients continue to be in CR without any evidence of relapsed disease. Conclusions: High-dose methotrexate with high-intensity chemoimmunotherapy (R-CHOP) seems to be associated with an improvement in the expected rate of CNS relapse. Our data set is small, and a more extensive study evaluating HD-MTX's effectiveness in high-risk DLBCL is warranted.[Table: see text]