tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Academic medicine: problems and solutions. The Academic Medicine Group.
Authors: Raymond Hoffenberg
Journal: BMJ (1989)

The Academic Medicine Group is an affiliation, consisting mostly of doctors, drawn from many in- stitutions whose common interest is the maintenance of high standards of clinical training and scientific research in medicine.The group was formed after a meeting held at the Royal College of Physicians in October 1986 under the auspices of the University Hospitals Association at which it was pointed out that academic medicine was not represented through any single forum and its case had to be presented through spokesmen for many different organisations.Such splintering diminished the impact of the academic voice.It was hoped that the formation of this group would allow our common interest in academic medicine to be expressed through a single body.The group has met at regular intervals over the past 18 months.The first product of its deliberations was this document.There is cause for genuine concern about the plight of academic medicine, threatened as it is by curtailments in funding from both the University Grants Committee and the NHS and by new limitations on the recruitment of young academic doctors.In drawing attention to these problems this document emphasises the positive steps that should be taken to safeguard the future of academic medicine.Many changes can be effected within and by the academic institutions themselves; these steps are clearly defined.Further action is required from outside, particularly to redress the damage that has been done over the past decade.The document seeks to focus attention on a serious problem that threatens the future of all medicine whether practised in academic or non-academic institutions.The Academic Medicine Group will continue to analyse specific problems within academic medicine and will make recommendations about their resolution.The group is currently analysing the impact on teaching and research of the government's recent white paper on the NHS.
MULTIPLICITY AND COMPLEXITY OF DRUG TERMINOLOGY
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Selected New Books
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Type 1 Diabetes in Children With Genetic Risk May Be Predicted Very Early With a Blood miRNA
Authors: Tomi Suomi, Ubaid Ullah Kalim, Omid Rasool, Asta Laiho, Henna Kallionpää, Mari Vähä-Mäkilä, Mirja Nurmio, Juha Mykkänen, Taina Härkönen, Heikki Hyöty, Jorma Ilonen, Riitta Veijola, Jorma Toppari, Mikael Knip, Laura L. Elo, Riitta Lahesmaa
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)
Treatment of Tobacco Smoking
Authors: Nancy A. Rigotti, Gina R. Kruse, Jonathan Livingstone-Banks, Jamie Hartmann-Boyce
Journal: JAMA (2022)

<h3>Importance</h3> More deaths in the US are attributed to cigarette smoking each year than to any other preventable cause. Approximately 34 million people and an estimated 14% of adults in the US smoke cigarettes. If they stopped smoking, they could reduce their risk of tobacco-related morbidity and mortality and potentially gain up to 10 years of life. <h3>Observations</h3> Tobacco smoking is a chronic disorder maintained by physical nicotine dependence and learned behaviors. Approximately 70% of people who smoke cigarettes want to quit smoking. However, individuals who attempt to quit smoking make an average of approximately 6 quit attempts before achieving long-term abstinence. Both behavioral counseling and pharmacotherapy while using nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) products, varenicline, or bupropion are effective treatments when used individually, but they are most effective when combined. In a meta-analysis including 19 488 people who smoked cigarettes, the combination of medication and behavioral counseling was associated with a quit rate of 15.2% over 6 months compared with a quit rate of 8.6% with brief advice or usual care. The EAGLES trial, a randomized double-blind clinical trial of 8144 people who smoked, directly compared the efficacy and safety of varenicline, bupropion, nicotine patch, and placebo and found a significantly higher 6-month quit rate for varenicline (21.8%) than for bupropion (16.2%) and the nicotine patch (15.7%). Each therapy was more effective than placebo (9.4%). Combining a nicotine patch with other NRT products is more effective than use of a single NRT product. Combining drugs with different mechanisms of action, such as varenicline and NRT, has increased quit rates in some studies compared with use of a single product. Brief or intensive behavioral support can be delivered effectively in person or by telephone, text messages, or the internet. The combination of a clinician’s brief advice to quit and assistance to obtain tobacco cessation treatment is effective when routinely administered to tobacco users in virtually all health care settings. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Approximately 34 million people in the US smoke cigarettes and could potentially gain up to a decade of life expectancy by stopping smoking. First-line therapy should include both pharmacotherapy and behavioral support, with varenicline or combination NRT as preferred initial interventions.
Chromobacteriosis rare, but early diagnosis vital
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Quality and Safety in Healthcare, Part LXVIII
Authors: Jay A. Harolds
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

Suggestions to improve the well-being in medical students include establishing learning communities, having pass-fail grading at least in the freshman and sophomore years, giving the students some control over their learning environment (such as with evaluations and serving on the curriculum committee), encouraging more protected time and more money for faculty teaching and mentoring, and eliminating mistreatment of medical students. Also, the Medical Student and Physician Well-Being Index should be freely available to the medical students and staff for both self-evaluation and for evaluating the learning environment. Burnout in medical school may continue in residency and not only causes misery to the individual, but adversely affects professionalism and patient care.
MEDICAL MOTION PICTURES
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PROPOSED IMPROVEMENT OF THE MEDICAL AND SANITARY SERVICES ON BOARD TRANS--OCEANIC PASSENGER VESSELS; THE BILL BEFORE CONGRESS.
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Associations between lung function and physical and cognitive health in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA): A cross-sectional study from a multicenter national cohort
Authors: MyLinh Duong, Ali Usman, Jinhui Ma, Yangqing Xie, Julie Huang, Michele Zaman, Alex Dragoman, Steven Jiatong Chen, Malik Farooqi, Parminder Raina
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2022)

Background Low lung function is associated with high mortality and adverse cardiopulmonary outcomes. Less is known of its association with broader health indices such as self-reported respiratory symptoms, perceived general health, and cognitive and physical performance. The present study seeks to address the association between forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ), an indicator of lung function, with broad markers of general health, relevant to aging trajectory in the general population. Methods and findings From the Canadian general population, 22,822 adults (58% females, mean age 58.8 years [standard deviation (SD) 9.6]) were enrolled from the community between June 2012 and April 2015 from 11 Canadian cities and 7 provinces. Mixed effects regression was used to assess the cross-sectional relationship between FEV 1 with self-reported respiratory symptoms, perceived poor general health, and cognitive and physical performance. All associations were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), education, smoking status, and self-reported comorbidities and expressed as adjusted odds ratios (aORs). Based on the Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) reference values, 38% ( n = 8,626) had normal FEV 1 (z-scores &gt;0), 37% ( n = 8,514) mild (z-score 0 to &gt; −1 SD), 19% ( n = 4,353) moderate (z-score −1 to &gt; −2 SD), and 6% ( n = 1,329) severely low FEV 1 (z-score = &lt; −2 SD). There was a graded association between lower FEV 1 with higher aOR [95% CI] of self-reported moderate to severe respiratory symptoms (mild FEV 1 1.09 [0.99 to 1.20] p = 0.08, moderate 1.45 [1.28 to 1.63] p &lt; 0.001, and severe 2.67 [2.21 to 3.23] p &lt; 0.001]), perceived poor health (mild 1.07 [0.9 to 1.27] p = 0.45, moderate 1.48 [1.24 to 1.78] p = &lt;0.001, and severe 1.82 [1.42 to 2.33] p &lt; 0.001]), and impaired cognitive performance (mild 1.03 [0.95 to 1.12] p = 0.41, moderate 1.16 [1.04 to 1.28] p &lt; 0.001, and severe 1.40 [1.19 to 1.64] p &lt; 0.001]). Similar graded association was observed between lower FEV 1 with lower physical performance on gait speed, Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, standing balance, and handgrip strength. These associations were consistent across different strata by age, sex, tobacco smoking, obstructive, and nonobstructive impairment on spirometry. A limitation of the current study is the observational nature of these findings and that causality cannot be inferred. Conclusions We observed graded associations between lower FEV 1 with higher odds of disabling respiratory symptoms, perceived poor general health, and lower cognitive and physical performance. These findings support the broader implications of measured lung function on general health and aging trajectory.
Queries and Minor Notes
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Interferon-γ primes macrophages for pathogen ligand-induced killing via a caspase-8 and mitochondrial cell death pathway
Authors: Daniel S. Simpson, Jiyi Pang, Ashley Weir, Isabella Y. Kong, Melanie Fritsch, Maryam Rashidi, James P. Cooney, Kathryn C. Davidson, Mary Speir, Tirta M. Djajawi, Sebastian Hughes, Liana Mackiewicz, Merle Dayton, Holly Anderton, Marcel Doerflinger, Yexuan Deng, Allan Shuai Huang, Stephanie A. Conos, Hazel Tye, Seong H. Chow, Arfatur Rahman, Raymond S. Norton, Thomas Naderer, Sandra E. Nicholson, Gaetan Burgio, Si Ming Man, Joanna R. Groom, Marco J. Herold, Edwin D. Hawkins, Kate E. Lawlor, Andreas Strasser, John Silke, Marc Pellegrini, Hamid Kashkar, Rebecca Feltham, James E. Vince
Journal: Immunity (2022)
Associations Between Satisfaction With Aging and Health and Well-being Outcomes Among Older US Adults
Authors: Julia S. Nakamura, Joanna H. Hong, Jacqui Smith, William J. Chopik, Ying Chen, Tyler J. VanderWeele, Eric S. Kim
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

<h3>Importance</h3> Researchers and policy makers are expanding the focus from risk factors of disease to seek potentially modifiable health factors that enhance people's health and well-being. Understanding if and to what degree aging satisfaction (one's beliefs about their own aging) is associated with a range of health and well-being outcomes aligns with the interests of older adults, researchers, health systems, and politicians. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate associations between changes in aging satisfaction and 35 subsequent health and well-being outcomes. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This cohort study used data from the Health and Retirement Study, a national, diverse, and longitudinal sample of 13 752 US adults older than 50 years, to evaluate if changes in aging satisfaction (between combined cohorts from 2008 and 2010 and 4 years later, in 2012 and 2014) were subsequently associated with 35 indicators of physical, behavioral, and psychosocial health and well-being in 2016 and 2018. Statistical analysis was conducted from July 24, 2020, to November 6, 2021. <h3>Exposure</h3> Aging satisfaction. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> A total of 35 physical (eg, stroke), behavioral (eg, sleep problems), and psychosocial (eg, depression) outcomes were evaluated using multiple linear and generalized linear regression models. Data from all participants, irrespective of how their levels of aging satisfaction changed from the prebaseline to baseline waves, were incorporated into the overall estimate, which was conditional on prior satisfaction. <h3>Results</h3> During the 4-year follow-up period, participants (N = 13 752; 8120 women [59%]; mean [SD] age, 65 [10] years; median age, 64 years [IQR, 56-72 years]; 7507 of 11 824 married [64%]) in the highest (vs lowest) quartile of aging satisfaction had improved physical health (eg, 43% reduced risk of mortality [risk ratio, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.46-0.71]), better health behaviors (eg, 23% increased likelihood of frequent physical activity [risk ratio, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.12-1.34]), and improved psychosocial well-being (eg, higher positive affect [β = 0.51; 95% CI, 0.44-0.58] and lower loneliness [β = −0.41; 95% CI, −0.48 to −0.33]), conditional on prebaseline aging satisfaction. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> This study suggests that higher aging satisfaction is associated with improved subsequent health and well-being. These findings highlight potential outcomes if scalable aging satisfaction interventions were developed and deployed at scale; they also inform the efforts of policy makers and interventionists who aim to enhance specific health and well-being outcomes. Aging satisfaction may be an important target for future interventions aiming to improve later-life health and well-being.
ARTHRITIS DEFORMANS.
Authors: JAMES J. WALSH
Journal: JAMA (1904)

At last light seems to be finding its way in among the obscurities of the rheumatism problem. Acute articular rheumatism is a microbic disease, one of whose principal features is its tendency to get well entirely except for the mark it may leave on the heart. Uric acid has nothing to do with rheumatic conditions, and is only a fetish that was set up to be worshipped by those who wanted to find scientific explanations for disease long before physiologic chemistry was ready to furnish any such explanation. Rheumatic gout now disappears, there is no middle term between gout and rheumatism, and the two diseases are not closely related at any point. Chronic rheumatism is a vanishing ailment, seen more and more rarely as greater care is used in diagnosis, and in the recognition of various painful nervous conditions with which it was formerly confounded.
Nouveau traité de médecine. Fascicule X: Pathologie de l'appareil circulatoire (cœur et vaisseaux). Tome III: Vaisseaux.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal