tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
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Authors: Angels Escorsell, Jaime Bosch
Journal: Hepatology (2016)

We sincerely thank Marot and coworkers for their letter. We agree with them and their meta‐analysis concluding that self‐expanding metal stents provide an effective alternative to balloon tamponade in selected patients with acute variceal bleeding (AVB), in whom esophageal stent can be used as a bridge to rescue therapies (mainly transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt). Our primary endpoint was to compare the efficacy and safety of the two devices in AVB from esophageal varices refractory to medical and endoscopic therapy, which is the only accepted setting for the use of balloon tamponade (massive AVB or AVB uncontrolled by standard treatment).1 Being an accepted treatment, for ethical reasons we could not omit the use of esophageal balloon tamponade as a comparator, just to have a perfect control with regard to efficacy. We differ from Marot et al. on their appreciation of the applicability of our results. In real life, we will also treat with stents patients with previous/malpositioned esophageal balloon tamponade (who were not allowed in the trial as this would have precluded obtaining conclusive results on adverse events). In fact, if we had included the 23 patients excluded due to previous balloon tamponade, our initially planned sample size would have been achieved and even exceeded. Moreover, patients with known hepatocellular carcinoma were not excluded from receiving esophageal stents in our current practice but were excluded in the randomized study because of its potential impact on mortality. However, the remaining exclusion criteria were unavoidable when using balloon tamponade. As our study confirms the data from observational studies suggesting that esophageal stents are effective and acceptably safe in refractory AVB, it may be proposed that these might be used in other settings in the context of clinical trials, for instance, in the initial therapy of AVB, where esophageal stents may be compared to standard accepted therapy (combination of vasoactive drugs and endoscopic therapy); however, this would be a completely different study. We do not think that retrospective observational studies from small series with different and heterogeneous entry criteria may provide valid data with regard to comparative efficacy and side effects of these two treatments in this setting either.
Clinical significance of MCP-1 levels in BALF and serum in patients with interstitial lung diseases
Authors: M. Suga, K. Iyonaga, H. Ichiyasu, N. Saita, H. Yamasaki, M. Ando
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1999)

The aim of the study was to validate the prediction rule of M.J. Fine and coworkers for clinical outcome variables and three prognostic rules for the individual outcome of community-acquired pneumonia in an elderly population (rule 1: respiratory frequency &gt; or =30 breaths x min(-1), diastolic blood pressure &lt; or =60 mmHg, blood urea nitrogen &gt;7 mM; rule 2: respiratory frequency &gt; or =30 breaths x min(-1), diastolic blood pressure &lt; or =60 mmHg, mental confusion; and rule 3: systolic blood pressure &lt; or =80 mmHg, cardiac frequency &gt; or =90 beats x min(-1), lactate dehydrogenase activity &gt; or =260 IU x L(-1); death was predicted in the presence of at least two of three parameters). Overall 168 consecutive episodes of community-acquired pneumonia in patients aged &gt; or =65 yrs and hospitalized in a primary care hospital were studied prospectively. Fine9s rule was tested for its ability to predict length of hospital stay, requirement for intensive care unit (ICU) admission and death. For the three prognostic rules of individual outcome, performance regarding predicting death was determined. Mortality was 17/168 (10%). Fine9s rule accurately predicted length of stay, the requirement for ICU admission and the risk of death from pneumonia as compared to the original derivation and validation cohorts. All three rules achieved moderate-to-high specificity (73%, 88% and 80%, respectively) and high negative predictive values (95%, 94% and 93%, respectively) but had a low sensitivity (65%, 47% and 47%, respectively). Rule 2 most closely reflected the risk of death from pneumonia when Fine9s classification was used as reference. Fine9s rule proved to give valid estimations regarding clinical outcome variables of community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly. The prognostic rules may be useful in determining individual patients at lower risk of death caused by pneumonia.
MEDICAL PROGRESS.
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Therapeutics
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sequential or alternating doxorubicin and CMF regimens in breast cancer with more than three positive nodes. Ten-year results
Authors: G. Bonadonna
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To improve current adjuvant results in patients with resectable mammary carcinoma and more than three positive axillary lymph nodes. <h3>Design.</h3> —A prospective randomized study was carried out to compare the effectiveness of four courses of doxorubicin hydrochloride followed by eight courses of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil (CMF) (sequential regimen) vs two courses of CMF alternated with one course of doxorubicin for a total of 12 courses (alternating regimen). All drug courses were recycled every 3 weeks. The median duration of follow-up at the time of current analysis was 9 years. <h3>Setting.</h3> —The study was conducted on patients operated on for primary unilateral breast cancer at the Istituto Nazionale Tumori of Milan, Italy. Adjuvant chemotherapy was delivered in the outpatient clinic of the Division of Medical Oncology. <h3>Patients.</h3> —A total of 405 women were entered into the study, 403 of whom met the protocol criteria. Patient characteristics were fairly well balanced between the two treatment groups, with the exception of extent of nodal involvement: 38% with more than 10 positive nodes were randomized to the alternating regimen compared with 29% in the sequential regimen (<i>P</i>=.08). <h3>Main Outcome Measure.</h3> —Relapse-free and total survival at 10 years after surgery estimated according to the Kaplan-Meier product limit method. <h3>Results.</h3> —Treatment outcome was significantly superior for patients who received the sequential regimen compared with those given the alternating chemotherapy. The relapse-free survival was 42% vs 28% (<i>P</i>=.002) and total survival was 58% vs 44% (<i>P</i>=.002), respectively. The benefit of the sequential regimen was evident in all patient subsets. Treatment was fairly well tolerated, but we documented four cases of congestive heart failure, which was fatal in two patients. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Current findings indicate that in women with extensive nodal involvement, sequential chemotherapy with doxorubicin followed by CMF yields superior results compared with the alternating administration of the same regimens or with classical CMF. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;273:542-547)
Adult toxic epidermal necrolysis with fatal staphylococcal septicemia
Authors: E. H. Epstein
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Toxic epidermal necrolysis is a dramatic, easily recognized clinical event in which sheets of the upper layer of the epidermis slide off the lower layers of the skin. This sign developed in a 70-year-old man in association with a rapidly fatal staphylococcal septicemia. Although recognized in children, this association has been reported only rarely in adults. Inoculation of the isolated bacterium into newborn mice produced characteristic wrinkling. Development of this epidermolysis requires immediate antibiotic therapy. (<i>JAMA</i>229:425-427, 1974)
Admission levels of serum Gc-globulin: Predictive value in fulminant hepatic failure
Authors: F Schiodt
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Gc-globulin scavenges actin released from necrotic hepatocytes to the extracellular space. In 77 patients with fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) (excluding patients treated with liver transplantation), admission levels of serum Gc-globulin and degree of complexing with monomeric actin (complex ratio) were determined to evaluate their predictive values in relation to survival/nonsurvival. Gc-globulin levels were significantly reduced in 47 nonsurvivors, compared with 30 survivors (96 +/- 71 mg/L vs. 169 +/- 101 mg/L, P < .001), whereas the complex ratio in nonsurvivors did not differ significantly from that of survivors. Gc-globulin levels were significantly lower in 59 patients with non-acetaminophen-induced FHF, compared with 18 patients with acetaminophen-induced FHF (P < .01). Using a cutoff level of serum Gc- globulin of 100 mg/L, a lesser value correctly predicted nonsurvival in 79 percent of patients with non-acetaminophen-induced FHF, whereas a higher value predicted survival in 60 percent. In patients with acetaminophen-induced FHF, nonsurvival was correctly predicted in 100 percent of patients and survival in 53 percent. In comparison, the King's College Hospital (KCH) criteria correctly predicted nonsurvival and survival in 69 percent and 57 percent, respectively, of the same non-acetaminophen-induced FHF patients and in 60 percent and 38 percent, respectively, of the acetaminophen-induced FHF patients. Thus, in our study population, the predictive properties of Gc-globulin were in the same range as the KCH criteria. An advantage of Gc-globulin is that it gives an estimate of the outcome already on admission. Acute liver transplantation should be considered in FHF patients with Gc-globulin less than 100 mg/L. (Hepatology 1996 Apr;23(4):713-8)
From the NIH. Pain in the elderly: patterns change with age
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diagnostic Potential of Amyl Nitrite and Nitroglycerin
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Intra-patient genomic heterogeneity of single circulating tumor cells (CTCs) associated to phenotypic CTC heterogeneity in metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).
Authors: Mark Landers, Stephanie Greene, Nicole A. Schreiber, Angel Rodriguez, Richard Martin Bambury, Daniel Costin Danila, Dana E. Rathkopf, Martin Fleisher, Jessica Louw, Adam Jendrisak, Dena Marrinucci, Ryan Vance Dittamore, Howard I. Scher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

11035 Background: Analysis of somatic genomic alterations in primary tumors is often used to define mutational status and guide therapeutic decisions. Selective pressures (including multiple lines of therapy) can lead to tumor evolution through step-wise accumulation of genomic alterations. CTCs from mCRPC pts have shown phenotypic heterogeneity in size, shape, CK expression (exp) and AR exp. Heterogeneity increases with multiple lines of therapy and is associated with treatment resistance. Defining CTC genotype to phenotype correlation may enable identification of emerging resistant clones for which a change in tx may be needed. We performed NGS whole genome CNV analysis at the single CTC level to detect driver somatic alterations associated with CTC epithelial & AR exp profiles. Methods: 147 CTCs were individually sequenced from 9 mCRPC pt blood samples and classified as traditional, CK-, or small CTCs and analyzed for AR exp. CTCs were individually isolated, lysed, WGA, library constructed, sequenced, aligned, parsed, normalized, and subtracted from germline CNV. Each pt CTC CNV profile was used to identify distinct sub-clonal populations and characterize CTC genomes. The genomic alterations were associated with CTC phenotypes. Results: Within each pt, 2-5 clonal populations were identified. On average, 11 CNV events were detected per CTC, with an intra-patient CTC correlation of 30-59%. The correlation increased 33% within a CTC specific phenotype (p = 0.013). The presence of mCRPC driver alterations (Amp- AR, cMYC; Del- TP53, PTEN, RB1) were predominantly in CTC subpopulations of pts not responding to tx. Overall, 59% of CTCs had a single driver alteration. Conclusions: Tracking all CTC populations is important to assessing genomic driver alterations. Intra-patient CTC genomic heterogeneity is common and statistically associated with heterogeneity of size, shape, CK & AR exp. CK- & small CTCs, unlike traditional CTCs, often possess loss of tumor suppressors, and are associated with resistance. Actionable alterations may only be observed in rare CTC subtypes and represent a potential new target to delay disease progression.
Illustrations of the Different Forms of Insanity
Authors: W. H. O. Sankey
Journal: BMJ (1865)

thouigh minor elenment of inductive thought."It may be called" (I amii qulotilng fromii miiy ownoutline.a of imedical proof ) "thoe c:.temporaiieous hypothesi,8 applicable, as it is, wlhen a case falls unilder nio ri-'co- gnisedl law, and thei iniinl craves, in the abseice of such law, siome intelligib0le groutn(d of imediate practice.It is thAe faculty (4 thlus extemporisin)1, which perhaps, imiore than aniy othler, distinguishes an able physician, proviided it be comnbine(l witlh a just appreciation of tlhe value of suich hbypothesis, and a readincss to abani(don it int the presence of coIntravening facts.A capacity a.nd readliness in exe- cuting this process is, indeed, sometimes a soturce of reproach to us, as practising a merely conjectural art, by those wlho are unable to dIistingu11isli the re- sulIts of ltck fromi those of saacity: and( sometilme,s physicians, witlh a false modesty, huiiiour t ' i-.pultation.Although in its imme(lilte al)plicatioll coll- jectural, the power wvhich I speak of demXan(s an ori,inal talent, and is iciver successfully carried into pranctice, except by men of large acquire' knowledge.
John H. Talbott, MD
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 3088: Farnesyl/geranylgeranyl transferase dual inhibitor thwarts mutant KRas-driven patient-derived pancreatic tumors
Authors: Aslamuzzaman Kazi, Shengyan Xiang, Hua Yang, Liwei Chen, Perry Kennedy, Muhammad Ayaz, Steven Fletcher, Christopher Cummings, Harshani Lawrence, Francisca Beato, Ya'an Yang, Michael P. Kim, Andrea Delitto, Patrick Underwood, Jason B. Fleming, Jose Trevino, Andrew D. Hamilton, Said M. Sebti
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Although mutant KRas is a significant driver of pancreatic oncogenesis and resistance to therapy, there are no KRas inhibitors available for these patients. Farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTIs) were developed as potential anticancer drugs because KRas requires farnesylation for its membrane localization and cancer-causing activity. However, KRas becomes geranylgeranylated and active when cancer cells are treated with FTIs. In this study, we designed a Ras C-terminal mimetic dual Farnesyl/geranylgeranyltransferase-1 (GGT-1) inhibitor, FGTI-2734, to overcome the geranylgeranylation-dependent resistance to FTIs. Immunofluorescence, cellular fractionation, and gel shift assays showed that FGTI-2734, but not the selective FTI-2148 and GGTI-2418, inhibited membrane localization of KRas in mt KRas pancreatic, lung, and colon human cancer cells. FGTI-2734 inhibited the growth in mice of mt KRas-dependent but not -independent human tumors, indicating its selectivity for mt KRas-driven cancers. Importantly, FGTI-2734 inhibited the in vivo growth of xenografts derived from four pancreatic cancer patients with mt KRas (two G12D, and two G12V) tumors. In addition, FGTI-2734 was highly effective at inhibiting, in three-dimensional co-cultures with chemotherapy resistance-promoting pancreatic stellate cells, the viability of primary and metastatic mutant KRas (G12D, G13D, and G12V) tumor cells derived from 8 pancreatic cancer patients. Finally, FGTI-2734 suppressed oncogenic pathways mediated by Akt, mTOR, and cMyc while upregulating p53 and inducing apoptosis in patient-derived xenografts in vivo. Thus, the development of this novel dual FT and GGT-1 inhibitor overcomes a major hurdle in KRas resistance, thwarting the growth of patient-derived mutant KRas-driven xenografts from pancreatic cancer patients, and as such it warrants further advanced preclinical and clinical studies. Citation Format: Aslamuzzaman Kazi, Shengyan Xiang, Hua Yang, Liwei Chen, Perry Kennedy, Muhammad Ayaz, Steven Fletcher, Christopher Cummings, Harshani Lawrence, Francisca Beato, Ya'an Yang, Michael P. Kim, Andrea Delitto, Patrick Underwood, Jason B. Fleming, Jose Trevino, Andrew D. Hamilton, Said M. Sebti. Farnesyl/geranylgeranyl transferase dual inhibitor thwarts mutant KRas-driven patient-derived pancreatic tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3088.
TETRACHROME BLOOD STAIN: AN ECONOMICAL AND SATISFACTORY IMITATION OF LEISHMAN'S STAIN
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal