tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 17354: Clinical Outcomes for Children With Paediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Temporally Associated With SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS)
Authors: Heechan Kang, Elizabeth Whittaker, Enrico Piccinelli, Ivan Altamar, Sylvia Krupickova, Yogen Singh, alain fraisse, Carles Bautista-Rodriguez
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Background: PIMS-TS is heterogeneous in presentation, with significant proportion showing cardiac involvement. Data on cardiac outcomes is sparse and no consensus yet exists on follow-up management. Aim: To describe clinical and cardiac features during and soon after the acute phase of PIMS-TS patients. Methods: Prospective analysis and comparison of biochemical, electrocardiographic (ECG) and echocardiographic (TTE) data obtained during admission and on follow-up within 2 weeks of discharge. Cardiac MRI (CMR) was done mainly in those with myocardial hit (high Troponin, ECG changes or left ventricular dysfunction on TTE if available) during admission. Results: 35 patients met criteria for PIMS-TS, (23 males, 66%) with a mean age 5 years. 49% were of Black, Asian or Minority Ethnicity (BAME). 75% of tested were IgG positive. Mean interval from symptom onset to admission was 5 days (range 1-12 days). Features included fever (100%), conjuctivitis (66%) oral mucositis/pharyngitis (60%), gastrointestinal symptoms (54%), rash (51%), erythema/oedema of extremities (31%) and cervical lymphadenopathy (31%). Presentation grouped into 3 types - 7/35 (20%) met AHA criteria for Kawasaki Disease (KD), 5 (14%) presented with shock and 23 (66%) had atypical presentations. 1 patient was treated for KD 6 years ago, no other co-morbidities noted in the cohort. Six (17%) needed PICU support (mean 1.8 days, range 1-4). 80% had normal ECGs during admission but abnormal repolarisation (11%), ischaemic changes (3%), arrhythmia (9%) were seen. 26% (9/35) had left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, of whom 7 had high serum Troponin (mean 183ng/mL SD 250) and Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP, mean 627ng/L SD 287). Coronary abnormalities were noted in 12 (34%). All blood markers (Troponin, BNP, Platelet count, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, Ferritin) returned to normal levels by discharge/follow-up. Follow-up global longitudinal strain (GLS) was normal in 94% (33/35). 5 (14%) had mild coronary ectasia. Of 16 CMR’s done &lt;4 weeks of illness onset, 1 had subtle myocarditis, 1 late Gadolinum enhancement, 3 central vein ectasia, 1 pericardial effusion. Conclusions: Most biochemical and cardiac derangement during the acute phase normalised within weeks. Further study is on-going.
Air Pollution, Cardiovascular Disease, and Dementia
Authors: Sindana D. Ilango, Rachel M. Shaffer
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Abstract 147: Rapid Responder Operating Times for Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest Using Three Automated External Defibrillator Models
Authors: Mengqi Gao, Chenguang Liu, Dawn Jorgenson
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Background: Early defibrillation with an automated external defibrillator (AED) is crucial for improving the survival rate in out-of-hospital resuscitation from sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). Chance of survival decreases by 7% to 10% for every minute that defibrillation is delayed. While simulation studies have been used to assess AED usability factors, our objective was to report the actual operating time for three Philips AED models used in SCA responses. Methods: A convenience dataset recorded by Philips AEDs (HS1, FRx, or FR3) was obtained from Europe and the United States from 2007 - 2018. The HS1 is intended for minimally trained or untrained individuals, the FRx is for Basic Life Support (BLS), and the FR3 is for both BLS and Advanced Life Support (ALS) responders. A retrospective analysis was conducted to report the operating time intervals for cases where a shock was delivered after initial rhythm analysis. The study analyzed 90 HS1, 46 FRx and 32 FR3 cases. Results: Compared with HS1, both FRx (p &lt; 0.001) and FR3 (p = 0.001) responders spent less time in placing pads on the patient after powering on the AED (Figure 1) as expected. Similarly, time intervals from the start of shock advised prompt to first shock delivery for FRx (p = 0.02) and FR3 (p &lt; 0.01) are shorter than for HS1. Time from AED power-on to first shock was within 90 seconds in 74.4% (67 of 90) HS1 cases, 97.8% (45 of 46) FRx cases, and 100% (32 of 32) FR3 cases. On average, the FR3 and FRx responders were able to deliver the first shock within 48 seconds. Conclusions: The analysis shows that responders were able to quickly apply the AEDs and respond to the shock advisory prompt for all three AED models despite different training levels. This real-world performance is better than most reported simulation studies, however, this analysis cannot convey variety of activities that account for the differences in timing (e.g. pads applied before power-on, or compressions began before applying pads, etc.).
Abstract 16285: Use of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Risk of First Hospitalization for Heart Failure in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Dong-Hyuk Cho, In-Seok Song, Jimi Choi, Jun Gyo Gwon, Seong-Mi Park
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Patients with diabetes mellitus are prone to have heart failure (HF), either as new onset or worsening. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) cause sodium, water retention and increase the risk of HF. Hypothesis: NSAIDs associated risk of HF in diabetic patients has not been well evaluated. Methods: Cohort study with a nested case-control analysis was done based on the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort (NHIS-HEALS) database. Among overall 78,453 diabetic patients, 1569 cases with first hospitalization for HF were identified and compared with 1:10 matched controls (n = 15,325). Current user of NSAIDs was defined as the most recent prescription lasted until the index date or ended in the 30 days before the index date. Results: In HF group, mean age was older and tended to have more previous HF, ischemic heart disease compared to control. Current NSAIDs user was much higher in HF group compared with control (534, 34 % vs 3,778, 25%, p &lt; 0.001). The risk of a first hospital admission for HF associated with current use of NSAIDs was 1.60 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28 to 2.09) after controlling for major confounding factors. Multiple combination, high dose and injection of NSAIDs increased the risk of HF hospitalization (multiple combination; odds ratio (OR): 2.14, CI: 1.64 to 2.78, high dose; OR: 1.72, CI: 1.30 to 2.29, injection; OR: 2.36, CI: 1.79 to 3.09). NSAIDs associated risk of HF hospitalization was more significant, especially in diabetic patients with progressive diabetic retinopathy (OR: 2.23, CI 1.34 to 3.72) or overt neuropathy (OR: 4.59, CI: 2.84 to 7.43). Conclusions: Use of NSAIDs increased the risk of hospitalization for HF in diabetic patients, particularly with diabetic retinopathy and overt nephropathy as microvasculopathies. Therefore, the risk stratification for HF should be recommended in diabetic patients when the NSAIDs are prescribed.
Regional and global contributions of air pollution to risk of death from COVID-19
Authors: Andrea Pozzer, Francesca Dominici, Andy Haines, Christian Witt, Thomas Münzel, Jos Lelieveld
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2020)

The risk of mortality from the coronavirus disease that emerged in 2019 (COVID-19) is increased by comorbidity from cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. Air pollution also causes excess mortality from these conditions. Analysis of the first severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-1) outcomes in 2003, and preliminary investigations of those for SARS-CoV-2 since 2019, provide evidence that the incidence and severity are related to ambient air pollution. We estimated the fraction of COVID-19 mortality that is attributable to the long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate air pollution.We characterized global exposure to fine particulates based on satellite data, and calculated the anthropogenic fraction with an atmospheric chemistry model. The degree to which air pollution influences COVID-19 mortality was derived from epidemiological data in the USA and China. We estimate that particulate air pollution contributed ∼15% (95% confidence interval 7-33%) to COVID-19 mortality worldwide, 27% (13 - 46%) in East Asia, 19% (8-41%) in Europe, and 17% (6-39%) in North America. Globally, ∼50-60% of the attributable, anthropogenic fraction is related to fossil fuel use, up to 70-80% in Europe, West Asia, and North America.Our results suggest that air pollution is an important cofactor increasing the risk of mortality from COVID-19. This provides extra motivation for combining ambitious policies to reduce air pollution with measures to control the transmission of COVID-19.
Abstract 15411: Healthy Aging Reduces Stroke Volume but Not Longitudinal Pumping at Rest or During Exercise
Authors: Kevin G Tayon, James P Macnamara, William K Cornwell, Erin Howden, Michinari Hieda, JUstin Lawley, Benjamin D LEVINE, Satyam Sarma
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Background: Healthy sedentary aging is accompanied by cardiac atrophy and decreases in left ventricular (LV) size, but its effects on longitudinal motion are unclear. Longitudinal pumping, generated by descent of the mitral annulus, efficiently contributes to the LV stroke volume (SV). This study aimed to determine the relative contribution of longitudinal motion to stroke volume at rest and exercise in healthy young and senior adults. Methods: Cardiopulmonary exercise testing with concurrent 3D echocardiography was performed in 22 subjects free of cardiovascular disease (Young n=12, age 32±2 years, Senior n=10, age 70±4 years) at rest and during submaximal exercise at a targeted heart rate of 100 bpm (Young 104±35 watts, Senior 83±36 watts, p = 0.18). Mitral annular excursion (MAE) and LV SV were measured using multi-beat 3D echo acquisition at rest and during sub-maximal exercise. MAE volume (MAEV) was measured by multiplying MAE by short axis area at the base of the LV. Relative longitudinal pumping was measured by dividing the MAEV and SV (%). Results: MAE and MAEV were similar between the young and senior groups at rest (Figure) and both increased with exercise (MAE Young: Δ4.0mm vs Δ Senior 3.3 mm, group x exercise p = 0.459, MAEV Young: 10.2 ml vs Δ Senior 7.1 ml, group x exercise p = 0.280). SV was lower in the senior group at both rest and exercise (group p = 0.024, group x exercise p = 0.029). While the relative contribution of longitudinal pumping to stroke volume during rest was higher in the senior group (group p = 0.013), there was no differential change with exercise (Young: Δ7.6% vs Senior Δ 7.9%, group x exercise p = 0.938). Conclusions: With sedentary aging, mitral annular excursion volume, a novel measure of systolic function, remains unchanged and results in higher relative contribution to a diminished stroke volume. Yet, the response to exercise is identical across the age groups, suggesting that efficient longitudinal contraction is preserved despite cardiac atrophy.
Updating the International IgA Nephropathy Prediction Tool for use in children
Authors: Sean J. Barbour, Rosanna Coppo, Lee Er, Maria Luisa Russo, Zhi-Hong Liu, Jie Ding, Ritsuko Katafuchi, Norishige Yoshikawa, Hong Xu, Shoji Kagami, Yukio Yuzawa, Francesco Emma, Alexandra Cambier, Licia Peruzzi, Robert J. Wyatt, Daniel C. Cattran, Caihong Zeng, Biage Su, Xuhui Zhong, Koichi Nakanishi, Yihui Zhai, Maki Urushihara, Motoshi Hattori, Francesca Diomedi Camassei, Antonella Barreca, Thomas Robert, Larisa Prikhodina, Ulla Berg, Rezan Topaloglu, Malgorzata Mizerska-Wasiak, Aikaterini Papagianni, Shubha S. Bellur, Ian Roberts
Journal: Kidney International (2020)
The Role of Bariatric Surgery in Prevention of Kidney Disease Progression in Moderately Obese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes—Reply
Authors: Ricardo Vitor Cohen, Tiago Veiga Pereira, Carel Wynnad le Roux
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
129Xe MRI as a measure of clinical disease severity for pediatric asthma
Authors: Nancy Y. Lin, David J. Roach, Matthew M. Willmering, Laura L. Walkup, Md Monir Hossain, Priyanka Desirazu, Zackary I. Cleveland, Theresa W. Guilbert, Jason C. Woods
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2020)
異好性II型カドヘリンは海馬における高度シナプス増強に必要である【Powered by NICT】
Authors: Basu Raunak, Duan Xin, R Taylor Matthew, Martin E. Anne, Muralidhar Shruti, Wang Yueqi, Gangi-Wellman Luke, C Das Sujan, Yamagata Masahito, J West Peter, R Sanes Joshua, E Williams Megan
Journal: Neuron (2017)
Abstract 14720: Pre-clinical Safety Assessment of SLN360, a Novel Short Interfering Ribonucleic Acid Targeting <i>LPA</i>
Authors: David Rider, Daniel Swerdlow, Mona Eisermann, Kathrin Loeffler, Judith Hauptmann, Eliot Morrison, Marie Wikstrom Lindholm, Steffen Schubert, Giles Campion
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: SLN360 is a liver-targeted N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc)-conjugated siRNA with a promising profile for addressing Lp(a)-related cardiovascular risk. We previously reported the pharmacodynamic effects of SLN360 in female (F) cynomolgus monkeys (cynos) 1 . Here we describe the findings from key pre-clinical safety studies. Methods: SLN360 was tested in vitro in primary human hepatocytes for LPA knockdown and effects on hypothetical off targets identified through in silico screening. An in vivo biodistribution study was performed in rats over 21 days (4 males [M]/4 F per timepoint; single 10 mg/kg s.c. injection). In a GLP safety study, healthy cynos received 5 once weekly s.c. injections of saline control or SLN360 (3 M / 3 F per group, up to 200 mg/kg) followed by an 8-week recovery period (2 M / 2 F in saline and top dose). A standard battery of safety assessments was performed. Results: In vitro, SLN360 reduced LPA expression in primary human hepatocytes with no effects on any hypothetical liver-expressed human off-target genes at concentrations &gt;300-fold the human LPA IC 50 . SLN360 showed a typical rodent GalNAc distribution pattern, with significant levels in liver and kidney (peak 126 or 246 mg/g tissue at 6h respectively; estimated liver half-life of 56 hours). Levels in other organs (including reproductive organs) were &lt;1% of peak liver levels. In cynos, no clinical observations were observed following 5 s.c. doses of SLN360. Liver LPA mRNA levels were significantly reduced by 98% at day 30 and 95% after the 8-week recovery period, while serum Lp(a) was undetectable at both timepoints. Findings were restricted to the liver (increased weight and diffuse hepatocyte hypertrophy) and lymph nodes (vacuolated macrophages) at day 30. These were considered non-adverse due to reversibility after recovery. No dose-related changes in clinical chemistry, hematology, circulatory and ECG parameters, respiratory rate, neurobehavior, plasma cytokines, complement activation or CRP were noted. The NOAEL was defined as 200 mg/kg, &gt;60-fold the active dose in cynos. Conclusions: Overall, the off-target profile, biodistribution and NOAEL of SLN360 indicate suitability for entry into clinical studies. 1 Aleku et al., 2019. Circulation. 2019, 140:A9538.
Abstract 17236: Coronary Artery Calcification Scoring Stratifies Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death: The CAC Consortium
Authors: S M Iftekhar Uddin, Albert D Osei, Zeina Dardari, Omar Dzaye, Olufunmilayo Obisesan, Michael Miedema, John A Rumberger, Leslee J Shaw, Daniel Berman, Alan Rozanski, Matthew J Budoff, Miguel Cainzos Achirica, Khurram Nasir, Michael J Blaha
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Sudden cardiac death (SCD) commonly presents as the initial manifestation of coronary heart disease in the general population. Coronary artery calcium (CAC), a sub-clinical marker of atherosclerosis, is a strong predictor of cardiovascular events. We assessed the ability of CAC to stratify risk of SCD. Methods: We studied 66,636 adults from the CAC Consortium, a large multi-center cohort of asymptomatic patients free of clinical CVD at baseline. We categorized participants into 4 CAC score groups—CAC=0, CAC 1-99, CAC 100-399, and CAC≥400. The primary outcome was defined by identifying accepted International Classification of Diseases codes for SCD on official death certificates obtained for all deaths from the National Death Index. Predictive value of CAC for SCD was assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusted for age, sex and traditional risk factors. We performed standard area under receiver operating curve (AUC) analyses from fully adjusted logistic regression models, with and without CAC. All analyses were also repeated among participants aged 45-75 years. Results: Mean age of the study population was 54.4 years, and 33% were females and 89% were Whites. Over a mean follow up of 12.3±3.9 years, there were 211 SCD events. Participants with CAC=0 had lower absolute SCD rates compared to those with CAC≥400 (0.05 vs 1.28 per 1000 person-years, respectively). Increasing CAC scores (reference CAC=0) were associated with increasing SCD risk [CAC 100-399: HR (95% CI) 2.8(1.6-5.0), CAC≥400: 4.3(2.4-7.7)]. Addition of CAC to the fully adjusted model (vs without CAC) improved AUC for SCD among the whole study population (0.88 vs 0.86, P &lt;0.001) and more so among 45-75 year-olds (0.82 vs 0.76, P &lt;0.001). Conclusions: We demonstrate the predictive value of CAC for SCD. CAC could be a cost-effective risk-stratification tool that can be used to help identify individuals at high risk of SCD who could undergo additional screening and management.
RISK FACTORS FOR SARS-COV-2 INFECTION AMONG PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC VIRAL HEPATITIS
Authors: Stuart C Gordon, Loralee B Rupp, J A Boscarino, Y Daida, M A Schmidt, Yueren Zhou, Sheri Trudeau, Jia Li, Mei Lu
Journal: Hepatology (2020)

Background: We investigated factors associated with risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among an established cohort of chronic hepatitis B and C (CHB/ CHC) patients at a large, vertically integrated health system located in southeastern Michigan (which includes Detroit), a racially-diverse area that experienced a significant outbreak of COVID-19 during March-May 2020 Methods: Patient characteristics and clinical conditions were collected for the period prior to date of first positive SARS-CoV-2 test, or March 11, 2020 for those who were not SARS-CoV-2 infected Variables included: age;gender;race;insurance type;household income;BMI;CHC vs  CHB;AST;ALT;liver fibrosis status (as measured by APRI/ FIB4);diagnosis of liver cirrhosis;Charlson-Deyo comorbidity index;select individual comorbidities;and history of antiviral therapy Patients coinfected with both CHB and CHC were excluded Logistic regression, univariate followed by multivariable modeling, was performed Variables withp-values 30 vs 25, cirrhosis, CHC (active or post-SVR) vs  CHB, and higher comorbidity index were associated with higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Abstract 332: Long-term Post-discharge Survival and Healthcare Utilization Following Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest: Insights From a Novel Province-wide Linkage
Authors: Christopher B Fordyce, Brian E Grunau, Meijiao Guan, May K Lee, Nathaniel M Hawkins, Jennie Helmer, Graham C Wong, Karin H Humphries, Jim Christenson
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is associated with poor short-term outcomes. However, the impact of pre- and in-hospital factors on long-term outcomes is ill-defined, mainly related to challenges combining disparate data sources. Methods: We linked adult non-traumatic EMS-treated OHCAs from the British Columbia Cardiac Arrest Registry (Jan 2009 - Dec 2016) to provincial datasets describing co-morbidities, medications, procedures, mortality, and hospital admission and discharge. Among hospital-discharge survivors, we examined the 3-year composite endpoint of mortality ± all-cause readmission using the Kaplan-Meier (KM) method and multivariable Cox model for predictors. Results: Of 10,876 successfully linked OHCAs, 1325 survived to hospital discharge: mean age 62.8 years, 77.9% male, 72.6% shockable rhythms, 60.1% non-public locations, 69.1% bystander CPR, and 30.3% STEMI. During admission, 78.6% required mechanical ventilation, 69.1% received coronary angiography (37.5% PCI, 10.3% CABG), and 24.8% received an ICD. At 3 years post-discharge, the estimated KM event rates were 15.9% (95% CI 13.9%, 19.3%) for mortality and 68.2% (95% CI 65.3%, 71.0%) for mortality and readmission, which differed by age, initial rhythm, and arrest location ( Figure ). Following multivariable analysis, patients with a history of HF [HR 1.62 (95% CI 1.34 - 1.96)], age &gt;75 [1.62 (1.35, 1.96)], anticoagulation use [2.55 (1.36, 4.79)], non-shockable rhythm [1.29 (1.07, 1.55)] and non-public arrest location [1.21(1.04, 1.40)] were more likely to experience the composite endpoint; those receiving coronary angiography were less likely [0.79 (0.64, 0.98)]. Conclusions: The long-term death or readmission risk persists even among OHCA hospital-discharge survivors, and is associated with both pre- and in-hospital factors. An enriched, linked dataset detailing the entire OHCA “journey” may be a promising tool to identify care and treatment gaps.