tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Treatment and Long-Term Risks for Patients With a Diagnosis of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ
Authors: John Boyages, Kirsty Stuart, Chirag Shah
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Nonthrombotic pulmonary embolism
Authors: I. Vinatier, E. Rivaud, C. Tcherakian, A. Bisson, B. Goudot, L. J. Couderc
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2009)

We read with great interest the article in the European Respiratory Journal by JORENS et al.[1] on the different types of nonthrombotic pulmonary embolism.Among them, hydatid disease is of major importance as it is endemic in sheep-raising regions worldwide.We wish, therefore, to outline the management of metastatic pulmonary hydatidosis secondary to a primary hydatid cyst located in the liver according to our experience of six cases.
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty immediately after intracoronary streptolysis of transmural myocardial infarction.
Authors: JMeyer, WMerx, HSchmitz, RErbel, TKiesslich, RDörr, HLambertz, CBethge, WKrebs, PBardos, CMinale, B JMessmer, SEffert
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) was performed in 21 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) treated by intracoronary infusion of streptokinase within 8 hours after the onset of symptoms. Streptolysis therapy began a mean of 3.6 +/- 1.2 hours (+/- SD) after the onset of symptoms. The vessel was occluded in 14 patients and highly stenosed in seven. After the infusion of 67,300 +/- 63,200 IU of streptokinase over 26.1 +/- 21.5 minutes, patency of the occluded vessels was reached. PTCA as performed 20-60 minutes after the end of streptokinase treatment in 19 patients and 24 and 31 hours after treatment in two patients. The dilation was successful in 17 patients (81%). The degree of vessel obstruction was reduced from 90.2 +/- 7.3% to 58.6 +/- 19.5% (area method) and from 71.4 +/- 12.4% to 39.2 +/- 19.7% (diameter method). The improvement was 31.5 +/- 18.4% and 32.2 +/- 19.3%, respectively. No reocclusion was induced by PTCA. Twenty patients were discharged. One died during hospit...
Responsiveness of the coronary circulation to brief vs sustained alpha-adrenergic stimulation.
Authors: D OWilliams, A SMost
Journal: Circulation (1981)

The effects of brief and sustained pharmacologic alpha-adrenergic stimulation on the coronary arterial circulation were compared in awake pigs. Phenylephrine was administered into the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) either as a bolus (eight pigs) or as a 15-minute infusion (eight pigs), with myocardial blood flow measured by the radioactive microsphere technique. Flow in the distribution in the LAD was compared with flow in myocardium perfused by the left circumflex coronary artery (LCF) as the ratio LAD/LCF. This technique corrects for systemic factors capable of modifying oxygen demand, and hence myocardial blood flow, in both zones. After a phenylephrine bolus (50-100 microgram), LAD/LCF fell significantly, whereas no change was observed after the sustained infusion (5-10 and 50-100 microgram/min). Four additional pigs were pretreated with i.v. adenosine to raise myocardial blood flow in excess of demand before sustained stimulation. In this setting LAD/LCF fell significantly during the ...
Regional comparison of midwall segment and area shortening in the canine left ventricle.
Authors: W YLew, M MLeWinter
Journal: Circulation Research (1986)

We used ultrasonic segment length gauges to examine the regional behavior of midwall fibers at different sites around the left ventricular minor axis in 12 anesthetized dogs. In six dogs (group I) with circumferentially oriented midwall gauges, significantly greater shortening of anterior than lateral or posterior wall segments was demonstrated over a range of left ventricular end-diastolic pressures from 2 to 18 mm Hg. Normalized end-diastolic segment lengths increased more in the anterior wall as end-diastolic pressure increased, suggesting that regional differences in diastolic distensibility may in part account for the observed shortening differences. To examine the extent to which shortening of longitudinally oriented fibers of the subendocardium and subepicardium might influence the behavior of the midwall circumferential fibers, we implanted mutually perpendicular midwall gauges circumferentially and longitudinally in the anterior and posterior walls in six dogs (group II). Longitudinal shortening ...
Hepatitis B Virus Infection
Authors: Jules L Dienstag
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

More effective and less resistance-prone antiviral agents are now available to treat hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Profound, durable, therapeutic HBV DNA suppression to slow and reverse the progression of chronic HBV infection is important, given the evidence linking high-level HBV replication and the late consequences of chronic HBV infection. This article reviews strategies for treating HBV infection.
Kynurenine emerges from the shadows – Current knowledge on its fate and function
Authors: Marta Marszalek-Grabska, Katarzyna Walczak, Kinga Gawel, Katarzyna Wicha-Komsta, Sylwia Wnorowska, Artur Wnorowski, Waldemar A. Turski
Journal: Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2021)

Kynurenine (KYN), a main metabolite of tryptophan in mammals, is a direct precursor of kynurenic acid, anthranilic acid and 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK). Under physiological conditions, KYN is produced endogenously mainly in the liver by tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO). Tumorigenesis and inflammatory conditions increase the activity of another KYN synthetizing enzyme, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). However, knowledge about the exogenous sources and the fate of KYN in mammals is still limited. While most papers deal with the contribution of KYN to pathologies of the central nervous system, its role in the periphery has almost been ignored. KYN is a ligand for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). As a receptor for KYN and its downstream metabolites, AhR is involved in several physiological and pathological conditions, including inflammation and carcinogenesis. Recent studies have shown that KYN suppresses immune response and is strongly involved in the process of carcinogenesis and tumour metastasis. Thus, inhibition of activity of the enzymes responsible for KYN synthesis, TDO, IDO or genetic manipulation leading to reduction of KYN synthesis, could be considered as innovative strategies for improving the efficacy of immunotherapy. Surprisingly, however, genetic or pharmacological approaches for reducing tryptophan catabolism to KYN do not necessarily result in decrease of KYN level in the main circulation. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge of KYN fate and function and to emphasize its importance for vital physiological and pathological processes.
Monitoring and Evaluating Progress towards Universal Health Coverage in Thailand
Authors: Viroj Tangcharoensathien, Supon Limwattananon, Walaiporn Patcharanarumol, Jadej Thammatacharee
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2014)

This paper is a country case study for the Universal Health Coverage Collection, organized by WHO. Walaiporn Patcharanarumol and colleagues illustrate progress towards UHC and its monitoring and evaluation in Thailand. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
Independent and incremental prognostic value of tests performed in hierarchical order to evaluate patients with suspected coronary artery disease. Validation of models based on these tests.
Authors: S GPollock, R DAbbott, C ABoucher, G ABeller, SKaul
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDThe additive prognostic value of tests done in a hierarchical order for the detection of coronary artery disease (CAD) is not always known. The principal goal of this study, therefore, was to assess the incremental prognostic value of data obtained in succession (clinical, exercise stress testing, 201Tl imaging, and coronary angiography) in patients with suspected CAD. A second goal was to develop models for determining prognosis based on results of these tests and to test the clinical validity of these models in unrelated patients.METHODS AND RESULTSData from two groups of patients who had undergone such evaluation and had been followed for a mean of 4.4 years were analyzed. There were 204 patients from Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) and 299 from the University of Virginia (UVA). There were 20 deaths and 21 nonfatal infarctions in the MGH group and 41 deaths and nine infarctions in the UVA group. Both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to assess the individ...
Phasic coronary blood flow velocity in intramural and epicardial coronary arteries.
Authors: W MChilian, M LMarcus
Journal: Circulation Research (1982)

Knowledge concerning phasic coronary blood flow is based primarily on measurements obtained from epicardial coronary arteries, which, in part, function as capacitors. If present, epicardial capacitance effects could obscure the dynamic nature of phasic intramyocardial perfusion. To analyze this effect of epicardial capacitance, we simultaneously measured coronary blood flow velocity in an epicardial artery (left anterior descending) and an intramural artery (septal) in open-chest, anesthetized dogs. During control conditions, the percentage of total coronary blood flow velocity occurring during diastole per cardiac cycle was significantly greater (P less than 0.05) in the septal artery (92%) than in the left anterior descending artery (75%). Furthermore, blood flow velocity during mid-systole in the septal artery was retrograde (-7.2%), whereas blood flow velocity at this time was antegrade in the left anterior descending artery (+3.5%). Blood flow velocity measurements from small epicardial arteries just...
Neoantigen Harvesting: Self‐Adjuvanted Molecular Activator (SeaMac) Nanovaccines Promote Cancer Immunotherapy (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 7/2021)
Authors: Zichao Luo, Tao He, Peng Liu, Zhigao Yi, Shunyao Zhu, Xiuqi Liang, Entang Kang, Changyang Gong, Xiaogang Liu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2021)

In article number 2002080, Xiaogang Liu, Changyang Gong, and co-workers, design functional bio-nanoprobes with STING-activating and neoantigen-capturing abilities for personalized tumor immunotherapy. After photodynamic therapy, the bio-nanoprobes can harvest neoantigens to form SeaMac nanovaccines. The nanovaccines subsequently promote abscopal effects without immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Diminished stroke volume during inspiration: a reverse thoracic pump.
Authors: C OOlsen, G STyson, G WMaier, J WDavis, J SRankin
Journal: Circulation (1985)

In 12 conscious dogs, a three-dimensional array of pulse-transit ultrasonic transducers was used to measure left ventricular anterior-posterior minor, septal-free wall minor, and basal-apical major diameters. Matched micromanometers measured left ventricular, right ventricular, and intrapleural pressures. Electromagnetic ascending aortic blood flow and right ventricular transverse diameter were measured in five of the dogs. A major cause of the inspiratory decline in stroke volume in this preparation appeared to be reflex tachycardia and autonomic changes associated with inspiration. However, when heart rate was controlled by atrial pacing or pharmacologic autonomic attenuation (propranolol and atropine), stroke volume still decreased around 10%, with an inspiratory decrease in pleural pressure of 10 mm Hg. Based on the measurements of ventricular dimension, venous return to the right ventricle appeared to be augmented significantly during inspiration and the transient increase in right ventricular volume...
Clinical significance of upsloping ST segments in exercise electrocardiography.
Authors: R DRijneke, C AAscoop, J LTalmon
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Conventional exercise electrocardiographic criteria usually involve patterns with a horizontal or downsloping ST segment. In the present study we present criteria based on upsloping ST segments and compared these criteria with the conventional criteria. Using upsloping ST-segment criteria, the amount of ST-segment depression at 80 msec after the end of the QRS complex is used as a parameter (ST criterion E, with a depression of 100 mV, and ST criterion F, with a depression of 200 mV). In the graded exercise test a bicycle ergometer was used. The ECG leads were CM5 and CC5. The results of exercise electrocardiography were compared with the findings from coronary arteriography. In 623 selected patients (565 males and 58 females), application of conventional ST criteria gave a sensitivity of 56% and a specificity of 94%; with application of the ST criteria E or F, sensitivity was 75% and specificity 90%. In the 58 females use of these new criteria resulted in a sensitivity of 76% and specificity of 88%. Nine...
Long-term propranolol administration alters myocyte and ventricular geometry in rat hearts with and without infarction.
Authors: M CFishbein, L QLei, S ARubin
Journal: Circulation (1988)

To determine the effects of long-term beta-adrenergic receptor blockade on adult rats with myocardial infarction, we studied 24 female Sprague-Dawley rats with myocardial infarction induced at 20-22 weeks of age. Two days after surgery, the animals were randomized to receive either propranolol (750 mg/l) in their drinking water or water alone for 5 weeks. Plastic, embedded, longitudinal and cross sections of septum (1 micron thick) were prepared for morphometric measurements. In untreated rats, infarction was followed by myocardial hypertrophy, as shown by significant increases in septal area (23%), myocyte length (19%), cross-sectional area (20%), and volume (43%) (p less than or equal to 0.05). In rats with and without infarction, beta-blockade resulted in decreased myocyte dimensions and increased left ventricular cavity dimensions. Propranolol had special effects in rats with infarction, resulting in significant blunting of increased cross-sectional area (15% less, p = 0.04) and a greater increase in ...
Effects of drive train stimulus intensity on ventricular refractoriness in humans.
Authors: J JLangberg, HCalkins, JSousa, Rel-Atassi, FMorady
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDThe strength-interval relation between the intensity of premature stimulus and the ventricular effective refractory period (VERP) has been well characterized. The effects of variation in the intensity of the basic drive train stimuli (S1) on VERP are not as well defined. This relation was studied in 44 patients undergoing clinically indicated electrophysiological study.METHODS AND RESULTSThe outputs of two stimulus isolation units were connected in parallel, allowing the intensity of S1 to be varied independently of intensity of the extrastimulus (S2). To prevent confounding effects from cycle length change, continuous overdrive pacing was performed for 3 minutes before each measurement of VERP. The effect of S1 intensity on VERP was assessed in 24 patients with S2 intensity kept constant at twice threshold. VERP shortened from 232 +/- 19 msec at an S1 intensity of 1.5 times threshold to 219 +/- 20 msec at 5 mA and 211 +/- 19 msec at 10 mA (p less than 0.0001 for baseline versus 5 mA and for 5 m...
Work as a correlate of canine left ventricular oxygen consumption, and the problem of catecholamine oxygen wasting.
Authors: G ARooke, E OFeigl
Journal: Circulation Research (1982)

Neither stroke volume nor external cardiac work (the integral of pressure times flow during ejection) has been considered an important correlate of myocardial oxygen consumption. An initial set of experiments re-examined this question of independently varying heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and stroke volume in seven closed-chest, anesthetized dogs. This was achieved by cardiac pacing, a pressure control reservoir, phenylephrine infusion, and adjustment of arteriovenous shunts. Propranolol was used to minimize changes in contractility which might affect myocardial oxygen consumption. Stroke volume in the form of external work had a significant effect on oxygen consumption. From these results, a new pressure-work index of myocardial oxygen consumption was devised, and fitting parameters for the following indexes were determined: systolic pressure-rate product, estimated wall tension, external left ventricular work, triple product, mean pressure-rate product, Et (Bretschneider), and tension-time index....
Effect of Oxygen Therapy on Mortality in the ICU
Authors: Paul J. Young
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

Oxygen therapy is a key component of supportive care for patients who have hypoxemic respiratory failure and are being treated in the intensive care unit (ICU). Yet, although oxygen can be lifesaving for patients with severe hypoxemia, overzealous oxygen administration may be harmful. Furthermore, data to inform the use of oxygen therapy in patients with acute hypoxemia have been limited. In a 2018 systematic meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials of oxygen use in acutely ill adults,1 approximately a third of all mortality data showing a benefit for conservative oxygen therapy were from a single-center study.2 The cited study, which was . . .
Sinoatrial pacemaker shift following atrial stimulation in man.
Authors: GSteinbeck, BLüderitz
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Indirect evidence of a sinoatrial pacemaker shift after programmed atrial stimulation in man is presented. Following electrically induced beats, time intervals and postextrasystolic morphology of atrial electrogram and P waves were scrutinized in 30 catheterization studies. Applying premature atrial stimulation, a decrease of the interval between the last basic atrial depolarization and the stimulus-produced atrial excitation (curtailed cycle) below a critical interval was followed by a sinoatrial pacemaker shift in three cases. This electrophysiologic event consisted of a concomitant change in shape of high right atrial electrogram and an increase of atrial cycle length. Simultaneous alteration of P waves could be detected in 2/3 patients. Assuming that the pacemaker shift indicates the arrival of ectopic activation in the sinus node, capture of the sinus node by the premature beat could be distinguished from failure to capture. Thus, pacemaker shift can be used for estimating sinoatrial conduction time ...
Mortality and Readmission Rates Among Patients With COVID-19 After Discharge From Acute Care Setting With Supplemental Oxygen
Authors: Josh Banerjee, Catherine P. Canamar, Christian Voyageur, Soodtida Tangpraphaphorn, Anabel Lemus, Charles Coffey, Noah Wald-Dickler, Paul Holtom, Jan Shoenberger, Michael Bowdish, Hal F. Yee, Brad Spellberg
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

<h3>Importance</h3> To optimize patient outcomes and preserve critical acute care access during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Los Angeles County Department of Health Services developed the SAFE @ HOME O<sub>2</sub>Expected Practice (expected practice), enabling ambulatory oxygen management for COVID-19. <h3>Objective</h3> To assess outcomes of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia discharged via the expected practice approach to home or quarantine housing with supplemental home oxygen. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This retrospective cohort study included 621 adult patients with COVID-19 pneumonia who were discharged from 2 large urban public hospitals caring primarily for patients receiving Medicaid from March 20 to August 19, 2020. Patients were included in the analysis cohort if they received emergency or inpatient care for COVID-19 and were discharged with home oxygen. <h3>Interventions</h3> Patients receiving at least 3 L per minute of oxygen, stable without other indication for inpatient care, were discharged from either emergency or inpatient encounters with home oxygen equipment, educational resources, and nursing telephone follow-up within 12 to 18 hours of discharge. Nurses provided continued telephone follow up as indicated, always with physician back-up. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> All-cause mortality and all-cause 30-day return admission. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 621 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia (404 male [65.1%] and 217 female [34.9%]) were discharged with home oxygen. Median age of these patients was 51 years (interquartile range, 45-61 years), with 149 (24.0%) discharged from the emergency department and 472 (76%) discharged from inpatient encounters. The all-cause mortality rate was 1.3% (95% CI, 0.6%-2.5%) and the 30-day return hospital admission rate was 8.5% (95% CI, 6.2%-10.7%) with a median follow-up time of 26 days (interquartile range, 15-55 days). No deaths occurred in the ambulatory setting. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this cohort study, patients with COVID-19 pneumonia discharged on home oxygen had low rates of mortality and return admission within 30 days of discharge. Ambulatory management of COVID-19 with home oxygen has an acceptable safety profile, and the expected practice approach may help optimize outcomes, by ensuring right care in the right place at the right time and preserving access to acute care during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Hypoplastic and fibrotic sinus node associated with intractable tachycardia in a neonate.
Authors: K MFox, R HAnderson, K AHallidie-Smith
Journal: Circulation (1980)

A case of fetal and neonatal persistent atrial tachycardia is described in a child with complete transposition of the great arteries. At autopsy, serial sections of the conducting tissue showed that the sinus node was hypoplastic and markedly fibrotic. The sinus node consisted of a small area of cells clustered around the nodal artery. Although the underlying mechanism of neonatal persistent tachycardia is unclear, it is possible that the hypoplasia and fibrosis of the sinus node was the substrate in the present case. This mechanism should be considered in any newborn infant in whom sinus rhythm cannot be established.
Shall The Journal be Removed to Washington?
Authors: J. B. Walker
Journal: JAMA (1891)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In my opinionThe Journalshould remain where it is. It is centrally located and prosperous. Chicago bids fair to become one of the great centres of learning, generally and specially. Sooner or later, its great clinical advantages will go far toward helping to make it one of the, if not<i>the</i>centre of medical learning. Effingham, Ill., February 26, 1891.
A Microbiota-Directed Food Intervention for Undernourished Children
Authors: Robert Y. Chen, Ishita Mostafa, Matthew C. Hibberd, Subhasish Das, Mustafa Mahfuz, Nurun N. Naila, M. Munirul Islam, Sayeeda Huq, M. Ashraful Alam, Mahabub U. Zaman, Arjun S. Raman, Daniel Webber, Cyrus Zhou, Vinaik Sundaresan, Kazi Ahsan, Martin F. Meier, Michael J. Barratt, Tahmeed Ahmed, Jeffrey I. Gordon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

More than 30 million children worldwide have moderate acute malnutrition. Current treatments have limited effectiveness, and much remains unknown about the pathogenesis of this condition. Children with moderate acute malnutrition have perturbed development of their gut microbiota.