tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Electrocardiographic localization of coronary artery narrowings: studies during myocardial ischemia and infarction in patients with one-vessel disease.
Authors: R MFuchs, S CAchuff, LGrunwald, F CYin, L SGriffith
Journal: Circulation (1982)

To investigate the accuracy of the 12-lead ECG in localizing the site of coronary artery narrowings, we reviewed abnormal ECGs obtained during myocardial infarction, spontaneous angina or exercise stress testing in 134 patients with angiographically documented one-vessel disease. The presence of Q waves, ST-segment elevation and T-wave inversion in leads I, aVL and V1--V4 were all highly correlated with the presence of left anterior descending coronary artery disease (p less than 0.001), and the same ECG findings in leads II, III and aVF were associated with right (RCA) or circumflex coronary artery (LCx) narrowings (p less than 0.001). In contrast, ST depression alone was not useful in predicting the site of coronary artery narrowing. Q waves correctly identified the location of the coronary disease in 98% of cases, ST elevation in 91%, T-wave inversion in 84%, and ST depression in 60%. No electrocardiographic criteria distinguished RCA from LCx disease, even in patients with a right-dominant circulation...
Platelet survival time following aortic valve replacement.
Authors: PSteele, HWeily, HDavies, GPpppas, EGenton
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Thromboembolism continues to complicate the course of patients following aortic valve replacement. In patients with prosthetic and homograft mitral valves, platelet survival time has been shown to correlate with occurrence of thromboembolism. This study extends these observations to patients with aortic valve disease. Platelet survival time was measured (by the chromium-51 method) in 73 patients with aortic valve disease. Eighteen patients were studied preoperatively and had platelet survival times of 3.4 plus or minus 0.14 days (mean plus or minus standard error of the mean), almost the same as normal (3.7 plus or minus 0.4 days). Platelet survival time was shortened (P less than 0.001) following aortic valve replacement with Starr-Edwards prosthesis - Model 1000: 2.5 plus or minus 0.13 days (N = 6); Model 1200-1260: 3.0 plus or minus 0.10 (n = 14); model 2300-2320: 3.0 plus or minus 0.15 days (N = 9) - and with stented aortic homografts: 3.0 plus or minus 0.10 days (N = 16). Platelet survival time was n...
Prevalence of group B streptococcal colonization in the healthy non-pregnant population: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Merel N. van Kassel, Sanne W.C.M. Janssen, Sanne Kofman, Matthijs C. Brouwer, Diederik van de Beek, Merijn W. Bijlsma
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2021)

BackgroundColonization and transmission precede invasive group B streptococcal (GBS) disease. Data on GBS colonization prevalence, detection methods and risk factors for carriage are relevant for vaccine development and to understand GBS pathogenesis.ObjectivesTo evaluate GBS colonization prevalence after the first week of life in the healthy non-pregnant population.Data sourcesPubmed/Medline, Embase, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, World Health Organization Library Information System, and Scopus. Search performed 12 January 2021 with search terms related to ‘GBS’ and ‘colonization, epidemiology, prevalence or screening’ without restrictions.Study eligibility criteriaAll studies that reported prevalence of GBS colonization (any site) in the healthy population.ParticipantsAll individuals (>6 days of age), with no indication of pregnancy, invasive disease or severe underlying immunological co-morbidities.MethodsLogit transformation and a random effects model (DerSimonian and Laird) were used to pool colonization estimates. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression on a priori determined subgroups were performed.ResultsWe included 98 studies with 43 112 participants. Our search identified 9309 studies of which 8831 were excluded based on title and abstract and 380 after reading the full text. Colonization rates varied considerably between studies (I2 = 97%), which could be partly explained by differences in culture methods (R2 = 27%), culture sites (R2 = 24%), continent (R2 = 10%) and participant's age (R2 = 6%). Higher prevalence was found with selective culture methods (19%, 95% CI 16%–23% versus non-selective methods 8%, 95% CI 6%–9%; p < 0.0001). Colonization rates were highest in rectum (19%, 95% CI 15%–24%), vagina (14%, 95% CI 12%–17%) and urethra (9%, 95% CI 5%–18%). In participants with negative rectal cultures, 7% (95% CI 5%–9%) had GBS cultured from another niche. Colonization prevalence was lower in children (6 months to 16 years; 3%, 95% CI 2%–5%) compared with adults (16%, 95% CI 14%–20%; p < 0.0001). Using selective culture methods in adults resulted in a prevalence of 26% (95% CI 19%–33%) rectal, 21% (95% CI 17%–25%) vaginal and 9% (95% CI 6%–14%) urethral colonization.ConclusionThe rectum is the most common body site colonized by GBS. The best approach to screen for any GBS colonization is to screen multiple body sites using selective culture methods.
Outcomes and Cost-Effectiveness of Alternative Staging Strategies for Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Nestor F. Esnaola, Sophia N. Lazarides, Steven J. Mentzer, Karen M. Kuntz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: To identify the optimal strategy for staging the mediastinum of patients with known non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), stratified by tumor (T) classification. METHODS: We used a decision-analytic model to compare the health outcomes and cost-effectiveness of three staging strategies: (1) chest computed tomography alone, (2) selective mediastinoscopy, and (3) routine mediastinoscopy. The overall effectiveness and cost of each strategy was a function of the proportion of patients accurately staged and the risks, benefits, and costs of the diagnostic tests and treatments used. Probability estimates and costs were derived from primary data and the literature. We adopted a societal perspective and calculated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) as cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. RESULTS: Both mediastinoscopy strategies correctly identified more patients with mediastinal involvement (N2/N3 disease) and assigned them to multimodal regimens. Routine mediastinoscopy maximized quality-adjusted life expectancy in all patients, irrespective of T classification, and this result was robust to varying the model estimates over their reported ranges. In T1 patients, selective mediastinoscopy cost $24,500 per QALY gained, compared with $78,800 per QALY gained for routine mediastinoscopy. In T2 and T3 patients, the ICER of routine mediastinoscopy was more favorable ($42,800 and $53,400 per QALY gained, respectively). CONCLUSION: Routine mediastinoscopy maximizes quality-adjusted life expectancy in patients with known NSCLC, and its ICER compares favorably with other currently accepted medical technologies. The survival benefit and cost-effectiveness of this strategy are greater in patients with T2 and T3 tumors and are likely to improve with advances in multimodal therapy.
Recommendations on Use of Prostate-Specific Antigen for Prostate Cancer Screening—Reply
Authors: Brent K. Hollenbeck
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Subcostal two-dimensional echocardiographic imaging of peripheral right coronary artery in Kawasaki disease.
Authors: HYoshida, TMaeda, TFunabashi, SNakaya, STakabatake, NTaniguchi
Journal: Circulation (1982)

A new two-dimensional echocardiographic technique was developed to detect peripheral right coronary aneurysms in Kawasaki disease. Because the main stem of the right coronary artery runs along the tricuspid valve ring and the posterior interventricular groove, these regions were examined for coronary aneurysms using the subcostal approach. Of 52 patients with Kawasaki disease, 14 right coronary aneurysms were visualized in eight patients. Most of the coronary aneurysms were elicited as circular or oval echo-free spaces on the right side of the right ventricle or at the area around the tricuspid valve ring. These echocardiographic features coincided well in size, shape and anatomic position with angiographic appearances. The subcostal approach could not image the normal coronary artery. In three patients whose echocardiograms showed no abnormal echo-free space, the angiographic studies proved that the right coronary arteries were intact. These results suggest that this echocardiographic technique is useful...
Comparison of two delayed strategies for renal replacement therapy initiation for severe acute kidney injury (AKIKI 2): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled trial
Authors: Stéphane Gaudry, David Hajage, Laurent Martin-Lefevre, Saïd Lebbah, Guillaume Louis, Sébastien Moschietto, Dimitri Titeca-Beauport, Béatrice La Combe, Bertrand Pons, Nicolas de Prost, Sébastien Besset, Alain Combes, Adrien Robine, Marion Beuzelin, Julio Badie, Guillaume Chevrel, Julien Bohé, Elisabeth Coupez, Nicolas Chudeau, Saber Barbar, Christophe Vinsonneau, Jean-Marie Forel, Didier Thevenin, Eric Boulet, Karim Lakhal, Nadia Aissaoui, Steven Grange, Marc Leone, Guillaume Lacave, Saad Nseir, Florent Poirson, Julien Mayaux, Karim Asehnoune, Guillaume Geri, Kada Klouche, Guillaume Thiery, Laurent Argaud, Bertrand Rozec, Cyril Cadoz, Pascal Andreu, Jean Reignier, Jean-Damien Ricard, Jean-Pierre Quenot, Didier Dreyfuss
Journal: The Lancet (2021)
Modulation by the thyroid state of intracellular calcium and contractility in ferret ventricular muscle.
Authors: RMacKinnon, J KGwathmey, P DAllen, G MBriggs, J PMorgan
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the cardiac contractile abnormalities induced by hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism are caused by changes in intracellular Ca2+ handling or by alterations in the distribution of isoenzymes of ventricular myosin. Right ventricular papillary muscles obtained from euthyroid ferrets and ferrets treated with L-thyroxine (hyperthyroid) or methimazole (hypothyroid) were loaded with the calcium indicator aequorin for recording intracellular Ca2+ levels during isometric contraction. In muscles from the hypothyroid ferrets, peak tension was reduced and the duration of contraction prolonged compared to the controls; these changes were associated with a Ca2+ transient of decreased amplitude and prolonged duration. Hyperthyroidism produced opposite changes in the time course of the Ca2+ transient and the associated isometric contraction. Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was performed on myosin extracted from the right ventricular free wall of control and treat...
Response of relatively refractory canine myocardium to monophasic and biphasic shocks.
Authors: J PDaubert, D WFrazier, P DWolf, M RFranz, W MSmith, R EIdeker
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDCertain biphasic waveforms defibrillate at lower energies than monophasic waveforms, although the mechanism is unknown.METHODS AND RESULTSThe relative ability of monophasic and biphasic shocks to stimulate partially refractory myocardium was compared because defibrillation is thought to involve stimulating relatively refractory myocardial tissue. Shocks of 25-125 V were given during regularly paced rhythm in 11 open-chest dogs. Computerized recordings of shock potentials, and of activations before and after the shocks, were made at 117 epicardial sites. To quantify the shock field strength, the shock potential gradients were calculated at the electrode sites. Monophasic action potential (MAP) electrode recordings, obtained in five dogs, confirmed direct myocardial excitation by the shock, that is, activations beginning during the shock. Tissue was directly excited up to 4 cm from the shocking electrode, and the area directly excited increased as the shock was made stronger or given less prematur...
Comparison of intravascular ultrasound and angiography in the assessment of myocardial bridging.
Authors: JGe, RErbel, H JRupprecht, LKoch, PKearney, GGörge, MHaude, JMeyer
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDIn autopsy, myocardial bridging is a common finding. With coronary angiography, a systolic compression, mainly of the left anterior descending coronary artery, is observed in 1% to 3% of the patients. Controversy exists concerning the functional importance of this finding. To obtain a functional insight into the myocardial bridging, intravascular ultrasound and intracoronary Doppler were performed.METHODS AND RESULTSIntracoronary ultrasound and Doppler were performed in 14 patients with angiographic evidence of systolic vessel compression (milking effect) in the left anterior descending coronary artery. The 4.8F, 20-MHz ultrasound catheter could not be advanced through the entire myocardial bridge segment in 6 of the 14 patients studied because the lumen was < 1.6 mm. In these patients, only the proximal parts of the bridge segment were scanned. The changes in cross-sectional shape during the cardiac cycle were determined for both the normal proximal segment and the bridge segment by use of a ...
Diameter change and pressure-red blood cell velocity relations in coronary microvessels during long diastoles in the canine left ventricle.
Authors: HKanatsuka, KAshikawa, TKomaru, TSuzuki, TTakishima
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

The objective of this study was to determine whether coronary vascular resistance remains constant during long diastoles and whether critical closure of arterial microvessels occurs at zero-flow pressure. For this purpose, we directly measured internal diameters and red blood cell velocities in arterial and venous coronary microvessels during long diastoles under maximal vasodilation. The epicardial coronary microcirculation was viewed in anesthetized, open-chest mongrel dogs through an intravital microscope equipped with a newly developed floating objective. Coronary microvascular diameters and red blood cell velocities were measured with high-speed cinematography. During maximal vasodilation (150 micrograms/kg body wt i.v. dilazep), long diastoles were induced by vagal nerve stimulation. Internal diameters of all small arteries and arterioles (n = 12) gradually declined with decreasing aortic pressure during long diastoles, and the reduction of the diameter was greatest when aortic pressure was less tha...
EUS-Guided Percutaneous Endoscopic Jejunostomy In Bariatric Surgery (Single Anastomosis Duodeno-Ileal Switch- Sadis)
Authors: S Maisterra-Santos, JG Velásquez-Rodríguez, S Bazaga-Perez De Rozas, S Llauradó-Paco, A Casajoana-Badia, M Povedano, E Ferrero, N Vilarrasa-García, JB Gornals
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

51-year-old male with bulbar ALS, bariatric surgery (SADIS-S type) reconverted to Roux-en-Y bypass. Absence of transillumination prevents from conventional PEG placement. Proposal for EUS-guided percutaneous feeding tube placement.
Interaction of inhomogeneities of repolarization with anisotropic propagation in dog atria. A mechanism for both preventing and initiating reentry.
Authors: M SSpach, P CDolber, J FHeidlage
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Having found the regional differences in right atrial action potentials shown in an accompanying article, we tested two seemingly paradoxical hypotheses: 1) The spatial pattern of repolarization provides a protective mechanism against reentry, and 2) repolarization inhomogeneities interact with anisotropic discontinuous propagation to produce reentry. Measurement of multidimensional refractory periods demonstrated an anisotropic distribution within large bundles with the longest refractory periods in the medial upper crista terminalis (sinus node area), a distribution similar to that of action potential durations. Also, discontinuities of repolarization were found at muscle bundle junctions. Early premature impulses originating in the sinus node area propagated throughout the right atrial preparations without conduction disturbances or reentry. Conversely, early premature impulses that originated at sites distal to the sinus node area resulted in localized conduction block at multiple sites, which frequen...
ATP regulation of the slow calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle cells of guinea pig mesenteric artery.
Authors: YOhya, NSperelakis
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Effects of intracellularly perfused ATP, and extracellularly applied cyanide and 2-deoxy-D-glucose, on fast and slow Ca2+ channel currents of isolated single vascular smooth muscle cells were investigated by a whole-cell voltage-clamp method combined with an intracellular perfusion technique. Single smooth muscle cells were prepared by collagenase treatment from guinea pig small mesenteric arteries (diameter of less than 300 micron). With Cs+-rich solution in the pipette and isotonic Ba2+ solution (100 mM) in the bath, depolarizing pulses evoked two types of the Ca2+ channel current. Depolarizing pulses from the holding potential of -80 mV to over -30 mV evoked a fast Ca2+ channel current. This fast component was inhibited by shifting the holding potential in a positive direction. With a holding potential of -40 mV, the fast component was almost inhibited. In contrast, the slow current was evoked by command potentials to above -10 mV, and its full amplitude was preserved at the holding potential of -40 mV...
Relative effects of aspirin on platelet aggregation and prostaglandin-mediated coronary vasodilatation in the dog.
Authors: N LCapurro, L CLipson, R OBonow, R EGoldstein, N RShulman, S EEpstein
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Aspirin, as an inhibitor of platelet aggregation, may be of benefit in ischemic heart disease. However, aspirin blocks not only platelet aggregation but also synthesis of prostacyclin, a vasodilator and platelet deaggregator. The relative sensitivity of prostaglandin-mediated coronary vasodilatation and platelet aggregation to inhibition by aspirin remains uncertain. We therefore investigated the relative dose-response relationship of aspirin on arachidonic acid-induced increments in coronary blood flow and on ADP-induced aggregation of platelets. In 11 open-chest dogs, intracoronary arachidonic acid, 0.1-3.0 mg, produced dose-related increases in coronary blood flow that were inhibited progressively by i.v. aspirin over the dose range 0.3-3.0 mg/kg. Aspirin at 3 mg/kg almost completely obliterated the response to 3 mg of arachidonic acid. Similarly, aspirin doses of 0.3-3.0 mg/kg progressively raised the minimal concentration of ADP necessary for platelet aggregation. The threshold concentration of ADP t...
Efficacy And Safety Of Endoscopic Piecemeal Mucosal Resection, Submucosal Dissection And Hybrid-Submucosal Dissection Of Colorectal Superficial Neoplastic Lesions: Experience Of An Italian Tertiary Referral Centre
Authors: LG Papparella, F Barbaro, S Pecere, G Gibiino, G Burrelli Scotti, I Boskoski, L Petruzziello, G Costamagna
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims To compare the efficacy and safety of Endoscopic Piecemeal Mucosal Resection (EPMR), Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and Hybrid-Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection (H-ESD) of large colorectal superficial neoplastic lesions in a referral Western Endoscopic Centre.
Abstract 18615: Magnesium Sulfate Revisited: Administration of Magnesium Sulfate in the Early Post-Resuscitation Phase is Associated With Improved Survival and Neurological Outcomes in This Era of Therapeutic Hypothermia
Authors: Wei-Tien Chang, Chien-Hua Huang, Ang Yuan, Min-Shan Tsai, Chiung-Yuan Hsu, Chih-Hung Wang, Shih-Chia Lin, Wen-Shia Lin, Hsiu-O Kao, Matthew Huei-Ming Ma, Shyr-Chyr Chen, Wen-Jone Chen
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is associated with QT prolongation which may increase the risk of cardiac arrhythmia. Magnesium sulfate (MgSO 4 ) has long been the standard treatment for long QT syndrome. In addition, magnesium has been shown to dilate cerebral blood vessels and improve the compromised brain perfusion in the post-resuscitation phase. It may also have a role in neuroprotection in hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. We therefore evaluated in a retrospective series the role of MgSO 4 in early post-resuscitation care in this era of TH. Methods: From Jan 2008 to May 2013, post-resuscitated patients who remained comatose when admitted to National Taiwan University Hospital were included. Univariate analysis was first employed for sorting out clinical factors associated with survival and neurological outcomes. Those reaching statistical significance were then entered in binary logistic regression analysis for searching independent predictors. Results: During this period, 231 patients were included. The mean age was 68.5 ± 16.4 years old and 141 were male. Thirty seven (16.0%) had initial rhythm of Vf/VT. The total CPR time was 21.9 ± 15.9 min. The patients receiving TH (n = 110) had significantly better survival (58.2% vs. 21.5%, P &lt; 0.001) and neurological prognoses (20.9% vs. 6.6%, P = 0.001). MgSO 4 was administered in the early post-resuscitation phase in 74 patients (52 with TH, 22 without), and was associated with better survival (60.8% vs. 28.7%, P &lt; 0.001) and neurological outcomes (21.6% vs. 9.6%, P &lt; 0.05). In univariate analysis, TH, MgSO 4 , age, Vf/VT, shorter CPR time, lower epinephrine dose and no use of vasopressors in the post-resuscitation phase were associated with better survival and neurological outcomes, while seizure was associated with poorer neurological recovery. In binary logistic regression analysis, TH, MgSO 4 , Vf/VT and CPR time were independently associated with survival, while age, Vf/VT and seizure serve as independent predictors for neurological prognosis. Conclusions: Administration of MgSO 4 in the early post-resuscitation phase is associated with improved survival and neurological outcomes in this era of TH. Further well-designed prospective study is warranted for verifying its roles and potentials.
Utility Of The Otsc-Ovesco System For The Treatment Of Colonic Perforations During Endoscopic Procedures
Authors: F Sábado, MP Silva Pomarino, J Pitarch García, L Plana Campos, V Martínez Tormo, A García Bolós
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Methods and Results We present 3 endoscopic perforations produced during colonoscopy since OTSC-OVESCO became available in the endoscopy unit (January 2016 - October 2020)