tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of pulmonary embolism on hospital admission in COVID-19 patients: is there a role for pre-test probability scores and home treatment?
Authors: Angelo Porfidia, Enrico Pola, Roberto Pola
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2021)

We read with interest the research letter recently authored by Jevnikar et al. [1] about the prevalence of pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) at the time of hospital admission. In this prospective multicentre study, all consecutive adult outpatients that were hospitalised with a diagnosis of COVID-19 in three tertiary French hospitals between 15 April and 23 May 2020 underwent computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA). Only patients with contraindications to the examination (mainly due to contraindication for iodinated contrast administration) were excluded. The strength of this study is that it finally provides precise information regarding the actual prevalence of PE in hospitalised COVID-19 patients. Over the past year, we have been bombarded almost daily with a seemingly infinite amount of data on the increased rate of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in COVID-19 patients, but all the studies available so far had the insurmountable flaw that CTPA was performed only in a minority of cases and mainly in patients with clinical suspicion of PE [2]. Another flaw of such previous studies was that CTPA was performed at various time-points during hospitalisation and, therefore, it was not possible to establish whether PE was an actual complication of COVID-19 or a consequence of the hospitalisation itself. In this scenario, the report of Jevnikar et al. [1] finally allows us to claim with substantiation that the prevalence of PE is high even at time of hospital admission in patients with COVID-19. Further confirmation that COVID-19 patients are at high risk of venous thromboembolism <https://bit.ly/2OfPR5A>
Distinguishing Meningioma From Metastasis of Prostate Cancer on 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT
Authors: Nuh Filizoglu, Kevser Oksuzoglu, Salih Ozguven
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

Abstract Meningiomas are typically benign and the most common primary brain tumors. They are usually diagnosed based on their characteristic appearance on both MRI and CT. Meningiomas can easily be misdiagnosed as metastasis of prostate cancer due to their high 68 Ga-PSMA uptake on 68 Ga-PSMA PET/CT. We present a case of a metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma with PSMA-avid lesion in the right frontal lobe on 68 Ga-PSMA PET/CT. Later, MRI confirmed the brain lesion as meningioma.
Influence of persistent obesity in children on cardiovascular risk factors: the Bogalusa Heart Study.
Authors: G GAristimuño, T AFoster, A WVoors, S RSrinivasan, G SBerenson
Journal: Circulation (1984)

The relationship between body fat indexes, lipid and lipoprotein levels, and blood pressure was studied in 2230 children, each examined during 1973, 1976, and 1978. The children were grouped with the use of seven percentile (P) intervals of triceps skinfold thickness that were specific for race, sex, and age; cardiovascular risk factor variables were assessed over time. Of the 238 children initially in the lowest P group (less than 15P), 44% remained there, and 65% had skinfold thicknesses below 30P on the three occasions. Of the 352 children in the highest P group (greater than or equal to 85P), who were considered to be very obese, 39% remained at this level while 69% remained at 70P or greater. Of the 366 considered to be obese (greater than or equal to 70, less than 85%P), 38% remained at or above 70P. At baseline, children in the seven groups differed in weight, ponderosity (wt/ht3), systolic and diastolic blood pressures, serum triglyceride levels, and pre-beta- and beta-lipoprotein cholesterol leve...
Effects of long-term therapy with oral ibopamine on resting hemodynamics and exercise capacity in patients with heart failure: relationship to the generation of N-methyldopamine and to plasma norepinephrine levels.
Authors: S IRajfer, J DRossen, F LDouglas, L IGoldberg, TKarrison
Journal: Circulation (1986)

N-Methyldopamine (epinine), one of the few modifications of the dopamine (DA) molecule that retains agonist activity at the DA1 receptor, was administered orally as the diisobutyric ester, ibopamine (100, 200, and 300 mg), to 15 patients with congestive heart failure. An increase in cardiac index and decline in systemic vascular resistance was observed with each dose, and these hemodynamic effects persisted for 3 to 6 hr. Small transient increments in right atrial and pulmonary capillary wedge pressures occurred 0.5 hr after ingestion of 200 and 300 mg of ibopamine, but these pressures returned to baseline or lower levels within 30 min. Heart rate and mean arterial pressure were unchanged. Plasma concentrations of epinine peaked 0.5 hr after administration of drug and then declined to minimal levels at 3 hr. Ten patients enrolled in a trial to evaluate the efficacy of long-term therapy with ibopamine; after 8 weeks of treatment, the initial hemodynamic responses to the drug were attenuated and no signific...
Re-emergence of infectious diseases associated with the past
Authors: Priya Venkatesan
Journal: The Lancet Microbe (2021)

Diseases thought to have been left behind in the early 20th century have worryingly begun to re-emerge over the past few years, especially in vulnerable populations and low-income and middle-income countries. In 2018, an outbreak of diphtheria in Rohingya refugee campsites in Cox's Bazar (Bangladesh) caused nearly 8000 cases, with heavy monsoon rains contributing to reduced access to health care. More recently, trench fever and associated heart problems, caused by the bacterium Bartonella quintana spread via body lice, which was rife among armies during World War 1, was identified in four homeless men in Winnipeg (Canada) in 2020.
Do fish oils prevent restenosis after coronary angioplasty
Authors: ALeaf, M BJorgensen, A KJacobs, GCote, D ASchoenfeld, JScheer, B HWeiner, J DSlack, M AKellett, A ERaizner
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDThe omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids derived from fish oils have been shown to modulate many factors believed to affect the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Because certain features of restenosis following angioplasty mimic some of the early changes of atherogenesis, some researchers have suggested that fish oil might prevent restenosis following angioplasty. We report the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on the rate of restenosis following percutaneous intraluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA).METHODS AND RESULTSFrom August 1989 through September 1992, 551 patients were randomized to start receiving a daily dietary supplement of ten 1.0-g capsules containing 80.6% ethyl esters of omega-3 fatty acids providing 4.1 g eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 2.8 g docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) for 6 months or an equal amount of an ethyl ester of corn oil. Four hundred seventy subjects who were well matched for risk factors completed successful angioplasty of one or multiple lesions in native coronary vessels ...
Echocardiography of left ventricular masses.
Authors: T APorts, JCogan, N BSchiller, ERapaport
Journal: Circulation (1978)

The M-mode and two-dimensinal real-time echocardiographic findings in 10 patients with left ventricular masses are discussed. Two patients had left ventricular tumors and eight had left ventricular thrombi. In all cases the diagnosis was confirmed by angiography or surgery. The intracavitary and intramural left ventricular tumors were detected both by M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiography . M-mode echocardiography, however, did not detect the left ventricular thrombus in all instances. Two-dimensional echocardiography was able to identify the four large and inhomogeneous left ventricular thrombi but did not clearly identify four cases of smaller mural thrombi. Echocardiography techniques useful in detection of left ventricular masses are discussed.
Responses of pulmonary allograft and cheek pouch arterioles in the hamster to alterations in extravascular pressure in different oxygen environments.
Authors: M JDavis, J PGilmore, W LJoyner
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

The responses to changes in transmural pressure were investigated in pulmonary allograft and cheek pouch arterioles in two oxygen environments. Neonatal hamster lung tissue was transplanted into adult hamster cheek pouches. After vascularization (8-10 days), pulmonary and cheek pouch vessels were observed by intravital microscopy in hamsters anesthetized with pentobarbital. By gassing the suffusion solution (bicarbonate-buffered Ringer's) (pH 7.4 at 35-37 degrees C) with either low oxygen (95% N2/5% CO2) or high oxygen (75% N2/5% CO2/20% O2) and after sealing the top of the chamber, extravascular pressure was altered by varying the fluid volume of the closed chamber. Changes in arteriolar diameters in response to positive and negative square-wave pressure pulses were quantified using a video micrometer and close-circuit TV system. Pulmonary arterioles showed a passive dilation or constriction in response to increases or decreases in transmural pressure (+/-20 mm Hg). These responses were not altered eithe...
Extent and Clinical Implications of Subclonal Diversity in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
Authors: Mohammad Fahad B Asad, Abhinav Goyal, Hassan Awada, Mai Aly, Cassandra Hirsch, Michael J. Clemente, Aziz Nazha, Hetty E. Carraway, Sudipto Mukherjee, Yasunobu Nagata, Jaroslaw P. Maciejewski
Journal: Blood (2017)
79MO PACIFIC-R: Real-world characteristics of unresectable stage III NSCLC patients treated with durvalumab after chemoradiotherapy
Authors: F. McDonald, F. Mornex, M.C. Garassino, A.R. Filippi, D. Christoph, V.D. Haakensen, A. Agbarya, M. Van den Heuvel, P. Vercauter, C. Chouaid, E. Pichon, S. Siva, L. Steinbusch, I. Peretz, B. Solomon, L. Decoster, W. Sawyer, A. Allen, M. Licour, N. Girard
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Changes of atrial natriuretic peptide and its messenger RNA with development and regression of cardiac hypertrophy in renovascular hypertensive rats.
Authors: HMatsubara, JYamamoto, YHirata, YMori, SOikawa, MInada
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

We assessed the changes in atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and its messenger RNA (mRNA) levels in atria and ventricles in relation to hemodynamic factors during antihypertensive treatments in two-kidney, one-clip renovascular hypertensive rats (RHRs). Hypertension of 10-week duration caused a twofold increase in the left ventricular weight/body weight ratio, a significant increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, and an eightfold increase in left ventricular ANP mRNA levels in RHRs, as compared with the levels in control rats. Uninephrectomy or 4 weeks of treatment with the converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril reduced the blood pressure to the control level, with the complete reversal of left ventricular hypertrophy, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, and ANP mRNA levels. Four weeks of treatment with the arterial vasodilator hydralazine significantly, but not completely, reduced the high blood pressure, but it did not influence left ventricular hypertrophy, end-diastolic pressure, and A...
A possible role for endogenous prostaglandins in the electrophysiological effects of acetylstrophanthidin on isolated canine ventricular tissues.
Authors: M PMoffat, G RFerrier, MKarmazyn
Journal: Circulation Research (1986)

A possible role for endogenous prostaglandins in the toxic electrophysiological effects of the aglycone acetylstrophanthidin was studied in isolated canine Purkinje fiber papillary muscle preparations by standard microelectrode techniques. Acetylstrophanthidin (5 X 10(-8) g/ml) caused a significant increase in 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha release from these preparations. A significant loss of membrane potential and the development of oscillatory afterpotentials was observed, as well. Administration of either of two nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents, indomethacin (3 X 10(-5) g/ml) or aspirin (5 X 10(-5) g/ml), in the presence of acetylstrophanthidin, abolished the stimulation of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha release and delayed and attenuated the loss of membrane potential and the development of oscillatory afterpotentials. In addition, indomethacin and aspirin appeared to preserve the electrogenic pumping capacity of Purkinje fiber cells exposed to acetylstrophanthidin. Exposure of Purkinje tissues to...
The safety of intravenous dipyridamole thallium myocardial perfusion imaging. Intravenous Dipyridamole Thallium Imaging Study Group.
Authors: ARanhosky, JKempthorne-Rawson
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Clinical data on 3,911 patients were collected from 64 individual investigators to evaluate the safety of intravenous dipyridamole-thallium imaging as an alternative to exercise thallium imaging for the evaluation of coronary artery disease. There were two deaths because of myocardial infarctions, two nonfatal myocardial infarctions, and six cases of acute bronchospasm. Chest pain occurred in 770 patients (19.7%). Headache and dizziness were reported by 476 patients (12.2%) and 460 patients (11.8%), respectively. ST-T changes on the electrocardiogram were seen in 292 patients (7.5%). Use of parenteral aminophylline to treat adverse events associated with intravenous dipyridamole brought complete relief of symptoms in 439 of 454 patients (96.7%). There is a potential for increased risk for serious ischemic events in patients with a history of unstable angina who are administered intravenous dipyridamole. In patients with acutely unstable angina (i.e., continuing chest pain) or in the acute phase of myocard...
Angiographic study of univentricular heart of right ventricular type.
Authors: BSoto, E GBertranou, P RBream, ASouza, L MBargeron
Journal: Circulation (1979)

An angiographic analysis of 10 cases of univentricular heart of the right ventricular type is reported. This congenital malformation is characterized by a large chamber with right ventricular morphology that receives both atrioventricular valves, and a second, smaller chamber, a trabecular pouch, with left ventricular morphology. These chambers are separated by a posterior septum but are connected by an inlet septal defect. The angiographic studies were done using the angled angiographic techniques in three patients and the standard frontal and lateral angiographic views in seven cases. The atrial situs in seven patients was solitus, in one inversus, and in two it was ambiguus with left isomerism. In seven patients the usually large right ventricular chamber received two atrioventricular valves and in four patients, one atrioventricular valve was straddling. Three patients had atresia of one atrioventricular valve. The trabecular pouch was small in seven patients but relatively large in three. In six pati...
Factors Associated with Participation in Elementary School–Based SARS-CoV-2 Testing — Salt Lake County, Utah, December 2020–January 2021
Authors: Nathaniel M. Lewis, Rebecca B. Hershow, Victoria T. Chu, Karen Wu, Alison T. Milne, Nathan LaCross, Mary Hill, Ilene Risk, Adam L. Hersh, Hannah L. Kirking, Jacqueline E. Tate, Snigdha Vallabhaneni, Angela C. Dunn
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2021)

Investigators analyzed data on in-school COVID-19 testing among 594 students who were exposed to 33 index patients at 13 elementary schools. Compared with non-Hispanic White students, participation in the program was higher among students identifying as Hispanic/Latino White or members of another racial minority group.
Inhibition of platelet deposition and lysis of intracoronary thrombus during balloon angioplasty using urokinase-coated hydrogel balloons.
Authors: J FMitchel, M AAzrin, D BFram, M KHong, S CWong, J JBarry, L MBow, T MCurley, F JKiernan, D DWaters
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDConventional balloon angioplasty of intracoronary thrombus is associated with a high incidence of abrupt closure, distal embolization, and no-reflow phenomenon. The purpose of this study was to assess a new technique for treating intracoronary thrombus consisting of the local delivery of urokinase directly to the angioplasty site with urokinase-coated hydrogel balloons.METHODS AND RESULTSWe assessed local urokinase delivery using hydrogel balloons in four protocols. First, we evaluated the pharmacokinetics of urokinase delivery in vitro using 125I-labeled urokinase to measure drug loading onto hydrogel balloons, drug retention by the hydrogel polymer during blood exposure, and drug transfer from the balloon surface to the arterial wall during balloon dilatation. Second, we measured 125I-urokinase washoff from the hydrogel balloon in the intact circulation and intramural drug delivery during in vivo balloon angioplasty in 10 anesthetized New Zealand rabbits. Third, we assessed the effect of local...
Efficacy Of EUS-Guided Hemostatic Rescue Therapy In Non-Variceal Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Authors: I Rodríguez Mendiluce, N Hervas, A Arrubla, L Uribarri, M Gomez, V Busto, E Macías, I Areste, M Casi, JJ Vila
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Our aim was to assess the usefulness of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) guided therapy as a rescue treatment in non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding with previous failure to conventional endoscopic treatment.
Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: David G. Greene
Journal: JAMA (1962)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I was pleased to see congenital heart disease getting deserved emphasis in your X-ray Seminar Number 7, by William T. McCoy and Elwin W. Donnelly (<i>JAMA</i><b>179</b>:217 [Jan. 20] 1962). It was a lucid presentation of an interesting case. I would take issue, however, with the statement: "Angiocardiography was considered unnecessary." In this particular case we are left with unexplained systolic and diastolic murmurs. While the management might be unchanged at present, it might be instructive to know whether there is regurgitation through either semilunar valve. Angiograms would also have added to the interest of the case report. In general, when properly performed, selective angiocardiography is so benign a procedure that one wonders whether any but the simplest cases of congenital heart disease can be considered well worked up without it.
Myocardial ischemia during ergonovine testing: different susceptibility to coronary vasoconstriction in patients with exertional and variant angina.
Authors: FCrea, GDavies, FRomeo, SChierchia, RBugiardini, J CKaski, BFreedman, AMaseri
Journal: Circulation (1984)

Coronary spasm is an accepted cause of transient myocardial ischemia in patients with variant angina; more recently it has been suggested that dynamic stenoses could also play an important role in the pathophysiology of exertional angina. To test this hypothesis we submitted 31 patients with histories typical of exertional angina to ergonovine testing and compared the electrocardiographic and clinical responses to those observed in seven patients with variant angina. All underwent bicycle ergometric exercise testing and coronary angiographic examination. For all tests, ST segment shifts of 0.1 mV or greater were considered to be diagnostic of myocardial ischemia. In patients with exertional angina, exercise testing produced diagnostic ST segment depression in 21 (68%). Ergonovine testing produced diagnostic ST segment depression in nine (29%). All nine had positive exercise test results and two- or three-vessel disease, yet the test was negative in seven other patients with positive exercise test results ...
Atrioventricular nodal accommodation in isolated guinea pig hearts: physiological significance and role of adenosine.
Authors: J RJenkins, LBelardinelli
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

The progressive prolongation of atrioventricular node (AVN) conduction time to a new steady-state value caused by sudden and maintained increases in atrial rate is the most common form of AV nodal accommodation. This study was undertaken to 1) characterize AV nodal accommodation in isolated perfused guinea pig hearts, 2) investigate the influence of potential modulators of this phenomenon such as acetylcholine and adenosine, and 3) determine the physiological significance of AV nodal accommodation on cardiac function. Beat-by-beat changes in AVN conduction time caused by single- or multiple-step increases in atrial pacing rate were measured during control conditions and in the presence of atropine (1 microM), propranolol (1 microM), and the adenosine antagonist BW-A1433 (1 microM). BW-A1433 was the only intervention that significantly reduced the cumulative and frequency-dependent prolongation of AVN conduction time but this was only observed at atrial cycle lengths less than or equal to 170 msec. In addi...
Gain-of-function variants in SYK cause immune dysregulation and systemic inflammation in humans and mice
Authors: Lin Wang, Dominik Aschenbrenner, Zhiyang Zeng, Xiya Cao, Daniel Mayr, Meera Mehta, Melania Capitani, Neil Warner, Jie Pan, Liren Wang, Qi Li, Tao Zuo, Sarit Cohen-Kedar, Jiawei Lu, Rico Chandra Ardy, Daniel J. Mulder, Dilan Dissanayake, Kaiyue Peng, Zhiheng Huang, Xiaoqin Li, Yuesheng Wang, Xiaobing Wang, Shuchao Li, Samuel Bullers, Anís N. Gammage, Klaus Warnatz, Ana-Iris Schiefer, Gergely Krivan, Vera Goda, Walter H. A. Kahr, Mathieu Lemaire, Helen R. Griffin, Sophie Hambleton, Chien-Yi Lu, Iram Siddiqui, Michael G. Surette, Daniel Kotlarz, Karin R. Engelhardt, Helen R. Griffin, Robert Rottapel, Hélène Decaluwe, Ronald M. Laxer, Michele Proietti, Sophie Hambleton, Suzanne Elcombe, Cong-Hui Guo, Bodo Grimbacher, Iris Dotan, Siew C. Ng, Spencer A. Freeman, Scott B. Snapper, Christoph Klein, Kaan Boztug, Ying Huang, Dali Li, Holm H. Uhlig, Aleixo M. Muise
Journal: Nature Genetics (2021)
Augmentation of the synthesis of plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 by precursors of insulin. A potential risk factor for vascular disease.
Authors: T KNordt, D JSchneider, B ESobel
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDBoth vascular disease and elevated concentrations in plasma of plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) are prominent in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). We and others have hypothesized that the increased PAI-1 may contribute to acceleration of atherosclerosis in this condition and in other states characterized by insulin resistance as well. Surprisingly, however, elevations of PAI-1 decrease when type II diabetic patients are treated with exogenous insulin, as do circulating concentrations of the precursor of insulin, proinsulin, in plasma. Accordingly, the increased PAI-1 in patients with NIDDM may reflect effects of precursors of insulin rather than or in addition to those of insulin itself. To assess this possibility directly, this study was performed to identify potential direct effects of proinsulin and proinsulin split products on synthesis of PAI-1 in liver cells, thought to be the major source of circulating PAI-1 in vivo.METHODS AND RESULTSHep G2 cel...
Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty In Conscious Sedation
Authors: N Jagtap, R Kalapala, H Kanakagiri, S Darisetty, DN Reddy
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty for obesity is safe and effective procedure. It is currently performed under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. In clinical practice, conscious sedation is used for diagnostic and uncomplicated therapeutic endoscopy. Conscious sedation maintains adequate cardiopulmonary function without airway intervention, retain ability to respond to deep stimulus and improves tolerance for endoscopic interventions.
Small airway determinants of airflow limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Vasiliy V Polosukhin, Sergey S Gutor, Rui-Hong Du, Bradley W Richmond, Pierre P Massion, Pingsheng Wu, Justin M Cates, Kim L Sandler, Stephen I Rennard, Timothy S Blackwell
Journal: Thorax (2021)

Although a variety of pathological changes have been described in small airways of patients with COPD, the critical anatomic features determining airflow limitation remain incompletely characterised.