tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Periodontitis, chronic liver diseases, and the emerging oral‐gut‐liver axis
Authors: Emmanuel Albuquerque‐Souza, Sinem E. Sahingur
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2022)

Abstract The liver carries out a wide range of functions ranging from the control of metabolites, nutrient storage, and detoxification to immunosurveillance. While inflammation is essential for the tissue remodeling and maintenance of homeostasis and normal liver physiology, constant exposure to dietary and microbial products creates a niche for potentially prolonged immune activation and unresolved inflammation in susceptible host. Failure to restrain inflammation can lead to development of chronic liver diseases characterized by fibrosis, cirrhosis and eventually liver failure. The liver maintains close interactions with numerous organs which can influence its metabolism and physiology. It is also known that oral cavity microenvironment can influence the physiological conditions of other organs and emerging evidence implicates that this could be true for the liver as well. Presence of chronic inflammation and dysbiotic microbiota is a common feature leading to clinical pathology both in periodontitis and chronic liver diseases (CLDs). In fact, known CLDs appear to have some relationship with periodontitis, which impacts the onset or progression of these conditions in a bidirectional crosstalk. In this review, we explore the emerging association between oral‐gut‐liver axis focusing on periodontitis and common CLDs including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, chronic viral hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular cancer. We highlight the immune pathways and oral microbiome interactions which can link oral cavity and liver health and offer perspectives for future research.
Morris' Human Anatomy., A Complete Systematic Treatise by English and American Authors.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Unconventional publication.
Authors: D F Horrobin
Journal: BMJ (1973)

The coalition government wants to open up the market in the NHS. <b>Allyson Pollock </b>(doi:10.1136/bmj.c5382) thinks this will result in an impoverished and inequitable service but <b>Elaine Murphy</b> and <b>Philip Sugarman </b>believe mental health services have much to gain
In PD-1+ human colon cancer cells NIVOLUMAB promotes survival and could protect tumor cells from conventional therapies
Authors: Caterina Ieranò, Dario Righelli, Crescenzo D'Alterio, Maria Napolitano, Luigi Portella, Giuseppina Rea, Federica Auletta, Sara Santagata, Anna Maria Trotta, Giuseppe Guardascione, Federica Liotti, Nella Prevete, Piera Maiolino, Antonio Luciano, Antonio Barbieri, Annabella Di Mauro, Cristin Roma, Riziero Esposito Abate, Fabiana Tatangelo, Roberto Pacelli, Nicola Normanno, Rosa Marina Melillo, Stefania Scala
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2022)

Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent and deadly tumors worldwide. The majority of CRC is resistant to anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)-based cancer immunotherapy, with approximately 15% with high-microsatellite instability, high tumor mutation burden, and intratumoral lymphocytic infiltration. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)/PD-1 signaling was described in solid tumor cells. In melanoma, liver, and thyroid cancer cells, intrinsic PD-1 signaling activates oncogenic functions, while in lung cancer cells, it has a tumor suppressor effect. Our work aimed to evaluate the effects of the anti-PD-1 nivolumab (NIVO) on CRC cells. Methods In vitro NIVO-treated human colon cancer cells (HT29, HCT116, and LoVo) were evaluated for cell growth, chemo/radiotherapeutic sensitivity, apoptosis, and spheroid growth. Total RNA-seq was assessed in 6–24 hours NIVO-treated human colon cancer cells HT29 and HCT116 as compared with NIVO-treated PES43 human melanoma cells. In vivo mice carrying HT29 xenograft were intraperitoneally treated with NIVO, OXA (oxaliplatin), and NIVO+OXA, and the tumors were characterized for growth, apoptosis, and pERK1/2/pP38. Forty-eight human primary colon cancers were evaluated for PD-1 expression through immunohistochemistry. Results In PD-1+ human colon cancer cells, intrinsic PD-1 signaling significantly decreased proliferation and promoted apoptosis. On the contrary, NIVO promoted proliferation, reduced apoptosis, and protected PD-1+ cells from chemo/radiotherapy. Transcriptional profile of NIVO-treated HT29 and HCT116 human colon cancer cells revealed downregulation of BATF2, DRAM1, FXYD3, IFIT3, MT-TN, and TNFRSF11A, and upregulation of CLK1, DCAF13, DNAJC2, MTHFD1L, PRPF3, PSMD7, and SCFD1; the opposite regulation was described in NIVO-treated human melanoma PES43 cells. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched for interferon pathway, innate immune, cytokine-mediated signaling pathways. In vivo, NIVO promoted HT29 tumor growth, thus reducing OXA efficacy as revealed through significant Ki-67 increase, pERK1/2 and pP38 increase, and apoptotic cell reduction. Eleven out of 48 primary human colon cancer biopsies expressed PD-1 (22.9%). PD-1 expression is significantly associated with lower pT stage. Conclusions In PD-1+ human colon cancer cells, NIVO activates tumor survival pathways and could protect tumor cells from conventional therapies.
Airway mucins promote immunopathology in virus-exacerbated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Aran Singanayagam, Joseph Footitt, Matthias Marczynski, Giorgia Radicioni, Michael T. Cross, Lydia J. Finney, Maria-Belen Trujillo-Torralbo, Maria Calderazzo, Jie Zhu, Julia Aniscenko, Thomas B. Clarke, Philip L. Molyneaux, Nathan W. Bartlett, Miriam F. Moffatt, William O. Cookson, Jadwiga Wedzicha, Christopher M. Evans, Richard C. Boucher, Mehmet Kesimer, Oliver Lieleg, Patrick Mallia, Sebastian L. Johnston
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2022)

The respiratory tract surface is protected from inhaled pathogens by a secreted layer of mucus rich in mucin glycoproteins. Abnormal mucus accumulation is a cardinal feature of chronic respiratory diseases, but the relationship between mucus and pathogens during exacerbations is poorly understood. We identified elevations in airway mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) and MUC5B concentrations during spontaneous and experimentally induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations. MUC5AC was more sensitive to changes in expression during exacerbation and was therefore more predictably associated with viral load, inflammation, symptom severity, decrements in lung function, and secondary bacterial infections. MUC5AC was functionally related to inflammation, as Muc5ac-deficient (Muc5ac-/-) mice had attenuated RV-induced (RV-induced) airway inflammation, and exogenous MUC5AC glycoprotein administration augmented inflammatory responses and increased the release of extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in mice and human airway epithelial cell cultures. Hydrolysis of ATP suppressed MUC5AC augmentation of RV-induced inflammation in mice. Therapeutic suppression of mucin production using an EGFR antagonist ameliorated immunopathology in a mouse COPD exacerbation model. The coordinated virus induction of MUC5AC and MUC5B expression suggests that non-Th2 mechanisms trigger mucin hypersecretion during exacerbations. Our data identified a proinflammatory role for MUC5AC during viral infection and suggest that MUC5AC inhibition may ameliorate COPD exacerbations.
Current approaches to management of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma
Authors: Utkarsh Goel, Saad Usmani, Shaji Kumar
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2022)

Abstract Major developments in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) over the past decade have led to a continued improvement in survival. Significant progress has been made with deeper and longer remissions seen with newer treatment approaches—both for induction as well as maintenance therapy. The treatment approach to MM is guided by several factors including patient age, frailty, comorbidities, eligibility for autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), and risk stratification into standard‐risk or high‐risk MM. High‐risk MM is defined by the presence of t(4;14), t(14;16), t(14;20), del (17p), TP53 mutation, or gain (1q). Transplant eligible patients should receive 4–6 cycles of induction followed by stem cell collection. Patients can then undergo ASCT, or continue induction therapy and shift to maintenance, delaying ASCT till first relapse. Transplant ineligible patients should receive induction therapy followed by maintenance. For induction therapy prior to ASCT, a proteasome inhibitor‐IMiD combination remains standard with monoclonal antibody‐based quadruplets preferred in high‐risk patients. Among transplant ineligible patients, those with standard‐risk MM should receive DRd continued until disease progression, while bortezomib containing regimens (VRd or VRd lite) can be considered for high‐risk patients. Finally, standard‐risk patients should receive lenalidomide maintenance after induction/ASCT, while proteasome inhibitor‐IMiD combinations should be used for high‐risk patients.
Soluble CD137 as a dynamic biomarker to monitor agonist CD137 immunotherapies
Authors: Javier Glez-Vaz, Arantza Azpilikueta, Irene Olivera, Assunta Cirella, Alvaro Teijeira, Maria C Ochoa, Maite Alvarez, Iñaki Eguren-Santamaria, Carlos Luri-Rey, Maria E Rodriguez-Ruiz, Xinxin Nie, Lieping Chen, Sonia Guedan, Miguel F Sanmamed, Jose Luis Perez Gracia, Ignacio Melero
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2022)

Background On the basis of efficacy in mouse tumor models, multiple CD137 (4-1BB) agonist agents are being preclinically and clinically developed. The costimulatory molecule CD137 is inducibly expressed as a transmembrane or as a soluble protein (sCD137). Moreover, the CD137 cytoplasmic signaling domain is a key part in approved chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). Reliable pharmacodynamic biomarkers for CD137 ligation and costimulation of T cells will facilitate clinical development of CD137 agonists in the clinic. Methods We used human and mouse CD8 T cells undergoing activation to measure CD137 transcription and protein expression levels determining both the membrane-bound and soluble forms. In tumor-bearing mice plasma sCD137 concentrations were monitored on treatment with agonist anti-CD137 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Human CD137 knock-in mice were treated with clinical-grade agonist anti-human CD137 mAb (Urelumab). Sequential plasma samples were collected from the first patients intratumorally treated with Urelumab in the INTRUST clinical trial. Anti-mesothelin CD137-encompassing CAR-transduced T cells were stimulated with mesothelin coated microbeads. sCD137 was measured by sandwich ELISA and Luminex. Flow cytometry was used to monitor CD137 surface expression. Results CD137 costimulation upregulates transcription and protein expression of CD137 itself including sCD137 in human and mouse CD8 T cells. Immunotherapy with anti-CD137 agonist mAb resulted in increased plasma sCD137 in mice bearing syngeneic tumors. sCD137 induction is also observed in human CD137 knock-in mice treated with Urelumab and in mice transiently humanized with T cells undergoing CD137 costimulation inside subcutaneously implanted Matrigel plugs. The CD137 signaling domain-containing CAR T cells readily released sCD137 and acquired CD137 surface expression on antigen recognition. Patients treated intratumorally with low dose Urelumab showed increased plasma concentrations of sCD137. Conclusion sCD137 in plasma and CD137 surface expression can be used as quantitative parameters dynamically reflecting therapeutic costimulatory activity elicited by agonist CD137-targeted agents.
ELASTIC TISSUE UNDER NORMAL AND PATHOLOGIC CONDITIONS.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
State Tobacco Prevention, Control Activities: Results of 1989-1990 Association of State, Territorial Health Officials Survey-Final Report
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diverse events have transferred genes for edible seaweed digestion from marine to human gut bacteria
Authors: Nicholas A. Pudlo, Gabriel Vasconcelos Pereira, Jaagni Parnami, Melissa Cid, Stephanie Markert, Jeffrey P. Tingley, Frank Unfried, Ahmed Ali, Neha J. Varghese, Kwi S. Kim, Austin Campbell, Karthik Urs, Yao Xiao, Ryan Adams, Duña Martin, David N. Bolam, Dörte Becher, Emiley A. Eloe-Fadrosh, Thomas M. Schmidt, D. Wade Abbott, Thomas Schweder, Jan Hendrik Hehemann, Eric C. Martens
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2022)
The Next-generation Glucagon Analog Dasiglucagon Consistently Achieves Rapid Recovery From Hypoglycemia Across Subgroups
Authors: Tadej Battelino, Timothy Bailey, Ramin Tehranchi, Leslie Klaff, Thomas R. Pieber, Ulrike Hövelman, Leona Plum-Mörschel, Anita E. Melgaard, Ronnie Aronson, Linda A. DiMeglio, Thomas Danne, David Kendall
Journal: Metabolism (2022)
High‐dose cyclophosphamide in the treatment of severe aplastic anemia in children
Authors: José Carlos Jaime‐Pérez, Oscar González‐Llano, David Gómez‐Almaguer
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

To the Editor: Mutations in the factor XI gene are responsible for a variable bleeding phenotype which correlates poorly with levels of circulating FXI product.We read with interest and concern an article published recently describing a novel nonsense mutation [1].The authors state in their discussion that "eighteen causative mutations of the congenital FXI deficiency have been reported: three nonsense mutations, ten missense mutations, and five splicing site abnormalities.Three nonsense mutations are located in exons 5 and 7, which truncate the proteins in the middle of the second and third apple domains, respectively".To our knowledge, prior to the publication of their paper, only two nonsense mutations had been described for the FXI gene, both in exon 5 [2,3].No nonsense mutation has been described in exon 7. Also, only three splicing site abnormalities have been described, not five [2,4] (Table I).Additionally, an important omission was the 14-bp type IV deletion described in Askenazi Jews [5].
Soft tissue sarcoma of limbs: better outlook
Authors: B. Bolsen
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Investigators at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) report improved survival in patients with soft tissue sarcoma of the extremities as a result of treatment that includes surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Soft tissue sarcomas are relatively rare but aggressive solid tumors, occurring most often in people in their 20s through 40s. About 5,000 cases occur each year, two thirds of them in the extremities. Traditional treatment (surgical excision of the tumor or amputation) has resulted in three- to five-year survival rates of about 40% in virtually all reported series, according to Steven A. Rosenberg, MD, chief, NCI surgery branch and principal investigator. But in clinical trials on 107 patients, Rosenberg and colleagues at NCI's radiation oncology and medicine branches obtained a three-year disease-free survival rate of 91% and an overall three-year survival rate of 93% among patients receiving the combination therapy. The three-year results are promising because 80% of all
Intrauterine Manipulations
Authors: C. Uhma
Journal: BMJ (1949)

the thirty-sixth week or it does not.In all humility I suggest the radiologists are the only people who can answer the question accurately.If, as Blair Hartley suggests, the foetal head does not enlarge during the last four weeks, then all those who induce labour prematurely for apparent disproportion, either in primigravidae or in multiparae, will need to have a very clear idea of what they hope to achieve thereby.For, apart from the size of the skull, the mere bulk or weight of the foetus is the only other factor which can helpfully be reduced by premature induction of labour.And while it can be argued that such reduction in bulk is of great importance in breech delivery it can hardly be considered of common importance in cephalic delivery.It is for this reason that I suggest that this question is of no little significance.-Iam, etc.,
Glands in Health and Disease.
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Meiosis-specific cohesin complexes display essential and distinct roles in mitotic embryonic stem cell chromosomes
Authors: Eui-Hwan Choi, Seobin Yoon, Young Eun Koh, Tae Kyung Hong, Jeong Tae Do, Bum-Kyu Lee, Yoonsoo Hahn, Keun P. Kim
Journal: Genome biology (2022)

Cohesin is a chromosome-associated SMC-kleisin complex that mediates sister chromatid cohesion, recombination, and most chromosomal processes during mitosis and meiosis. However, it remains unclear whether meiosis-specific cohesin complexes are functionally active in mitotic chromosomes.Through high-resolution 3D-structured illumination microscopy (3D-SIM) and functional analyses, we report multiple biological processes associated with the meiosis-specific cohesin components, α-kleisin REC8 and STAG3, and the distinct loss of function of meiotic cohesin during the cell cycle of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). First, we show that STAG3 is required for the efficient localization of REC8 to the nucleus by interacting with REC8. REC8-STAG3-containing cohesin regulates topological properties of chromosomes and maintains sister chromatid cohesion. Second, REC8-cohesin has additional sister chromatid cohesion roles in concert with mitotic RAD21-cohesin on ESC chromosomes. SIM imaging of REC8 and RAD21 co-staining revealed that the two types of α-kleisin subunits exhibited distinct loading patterns along ESC chromosomes. Third, knockdown of REC8 or RAD21-cohesin not only leads to higher rates of premature sister chromatid separation and delayed replication fork progression, which can cause proliferation and developmental defects, but also enhances chromosome compaction by hyperloading of retinoblastoma protein-condensin complexes from the prophase onward.Our findings indicate that the delicate balance between mitotic and meiotic cohesins may regulate ESC-specific chromosomal organization and the mitotic program.
Erratum: “Associations between Repeated Measures of Maternal Urinary Phthalate Metabolites and Thyroid Hormone Parameters during Pregnancy”
Authors: Lauren E. Johns, Kelly K. Ferguson, Thomas F. McElrath, Bhramar Mukherjee, John D. Meeker
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2019)

Within the LIFECODES birth cohort, the authors found that they were reverse-coding sex so that any results presented on female fetuses are actually representative of results in male fetuses, and vice versa.This resulted in errors in the first column of the last two rows of Table 1; "Male (reference)" should read "Female (reference)," while "Female" should read "Male."The data that follows on each line is unchanged.The authors regret the error.