AB0115 COMPARISON OF ULTRASOUND FINDINGS BETWEEN TNF INHIBITORS AND NON-TNF INHIBITORS AT FIRST BIOLOGICS IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors: T. Okano, T. Koike, K. Inui, K. Mamoto, Y. Yamada, K. Mandai, S. Anno, H. Nakamura
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

Background: In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), biologics treatment is one of the effective treatment options. Usually, there is no difference in therapeutic effect regardless of which biologics is used, but the effect for joint synovitis is unknown. Recently, ultrasound (US) has played a role of sensitive imaging modality in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with RA. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the improvement of US findings between TNF inhibitors and non-TNF inhibitors at first biologics in patients with RA. Methods: Fifty-four RA patients who started the first biologics from September 2016 to December 2018 were included in this longitudinal study (SPEEDY study, UMIN000028260). All the patients were performed clinical examination, blood test and US examination at baseline, 4, 12, 24, 36 and 52 weeks. A US examination was performed at the bilateral first to fifth metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints, first interphalangeal (IP) and second to fifth proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints, wrist joints (three part of radial, medial and ulnar) and first to fifth metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints, by using HI VISION Ascendus (Hitachi Medical Corporation, Japan) with a multifrequency linear transducer (18-6 MHz). The gray scale (GS) and power Doppler (PD) findings were assessed by the semi-quantitative method (0-3). GS score and PD score (both 0-108 points) were defined as the sum of each score. The change of disease activity and US findings were compared between TNF group and non-TNF group. Results: Among 54 cases, 32 patients were used TNF inhibitor and 22 were non-TNF inhibitor. Age and duration of RA were significantly higher in the non-TNF group, and MTX dose was significantly lower in the non-TNF group. The baseline inflammatory markers tended to be higher in the non-TNF group and the disease activity was also higher in the non-TNF group. However, the US findings showed no significant difference in both GS and PD between two groups at baseline. US improvement ratio was no difference between TNF group and non-TNF group at 4, 12, 24, 36 and 52 weeks in both GS and PD score. Regardless of the type of biologics, patients with long-term disease duration tended to have poor improvement in US synovial fingings. Table 1. Baseline patient and disease characteristics TNF (n=32) non-TNF (n=22) P value Female patients, n (%) 21 (65.6) 16 (72.7) 0.767 Age (years) 63.5±15.4 71.0±9.0 0.030 Disease duration (years) 6.5±8.2 13.0±11.7 0.032 CRP (mg/dl) 1.8±2.5 3.0±3.2 0.170 DAS28-ESR 5.0±1.4 5.8±1.2 0.022 GS score 26.1±18.8 31.8±21.1 0.313 PD score 17.6±11.4 23.1±14.6 0.150 Figure 1. GS and PD improvement ratio at 4, 12, 24, 36 and 52 weeks Conclusion: There was no difference in the US findings improvement between patients with TNF inhibitor and non-TNF inhibitor at first biologics in patients with RA. References: [1]Grassi W, Okano T, Di Geso L, Filippucci E. Imaging in rheumatoid arthritis: options, uses and optimization. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2015;11:1131-46. [2]Nishino A, Kawashiri SY, Koga T, et al. Ultrasonographic Efficacy of Biologic andTargeted Synthetic Disease-ModifyingAntirheumatic Drug Therapy in RheumatoidArthritis From a Multicenter RheumatoidArthritis Ultrasound Prospective Cohort in Japan. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2018;70:1719-26. Acknowledgements: We wish to thank Atsuko Kamiyama, Tomoko Nakatsuka for clinical assistant, Setsuko Takeda, Emi Yamashita, Yuko Yoshida, Rika Morinaka, Hatsue Ueda and Tomomi Iwahashi for their special efforts as a sonographer and collecting data. Disclosure of Interests: None declared