tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 299: Cardioprotection from Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by β-Arrestin-Biased β2-Adrenergic Receptor Activation
Authors: Laurel A Grisanti, Claudio de Lucia, Erhe Gao, Walter J Koch, Jeffrey L Benovic, Douglas G Tilley
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

β-Adrenergic receptors (βAR) are important regulators of cardiac function in the normal and failing heart. Activation of the β1AR subtype increases contractility and cardiomyocyte death whereas the β2AR can promote survival. In response to cardiac injury, increased catecholamines activate and downregulate β1AR thus, β-adrenergic receptor antagonists or β-blockers are commonly prescribed in to restore β1AR expression and preserve contractility. However, promoting the pro-survival effects of β2AR, which are known to occur in part through β-arrestin (ARR)-dependent signaling, may be a beneficial therapeutic strategy. Pepducins have been developed based on the intracellular loop (ICL) domains of β2AR to activate either Gαs- or βARR-dependent β2AR signaling pathways. We hypothesized that pepducin-mediated engagement of βARR-dependent β2AR signaling in the heart would be therapeutically advantageous following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. To test this, wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice received three intracardiac injections of either a βARR-biased pepducin (ICL1-9) or a scrambled control pepducin at the time of ischemia (30 min) followed by reperfusion. Assessment of cardiomyocyte death 24h post-I/R using TUNEL staining showed a decrease in cell death in animals treated with ICL1-9 when compared to scrambled pepducin, correlating with decreased infarct size and improved cardiac function as measured by echocardiography. Assessment of cardiac function at later time points showed that the cardioprotective effects of ICL1-9 were preserved over time and resulted in decreased cardiac remodeling. Although βARR1KO mice displayed similar cell death, infarct size, and contractility changes following I/R as their WT counterparts, they did not manifest a cardioprotective response from ICL1-9 treatment, indicating that βARR signaling is essential in relaying ICL1-9-dependent cardioprotection. These results demonstrate that pharmacologically-mediated activation of βARR-biased β2AR signaling provides a therapeutic benefit in the context of I/R-induced injury and may provide an improved strategy for the treatment of acute cardiac injury.
Glucose and MMP-9 dual-responsive hydrogel with temperature sensitive self-adaptive shape and controlled drug release accelerates diabetic wound healing
Authors: Wanyi Zhou, Zhiguang Duan, Jing Zhao, Rongzhan Fu, Chenhui Zhu, Daidi Fan
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2022)

Chronic diabetic wounds are an important healthcare challenge. High concentration glucose, high level of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and long-term inflammation constitute the special wound environment of diabetic wounds. Tissue necrosis aggravates the formation of irregular wounds. All the above factors hinder the healing of chronic diabetic wounds. To solve these issues, a glucose and MMP-9 dual-response temperature-sensitive shape self-adaptive hydrogel (CBP/GMs@Cel&INS) was designed and constructed with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and chitosan grafted with phenylboric acid (CS-BA) by encapsulating insulin (INS) and gelatin microspheres containing celecoxib (GMs@Cel). Temperature-sensitive self-adaptive CBP/GMs@Cel&INS provides a new way to balance the fluid-like mobility (self-adapt to deep wounds quickly, approximately 37 °C) and solid-like elasticity (protect wounds against external forces, approximately 25 °C) of self-adaptive hydrogels, while simultaneously releasing insulin and celecoxib on-demand in the environment of high-level glucose and MMP-9. Moreover, CBP/GMs@Cel&INS exhibits remodeling and self-healing properties, enhanced adhesion strength (39.65 ± 6.58 kPa), down-regulates MMP-9, and promotes cell proliferation, migration, and glucose consumption. In diabetic full-thickness skin defect models, CBP/GMs@Cel&INS significantly alleviates inflammation and regulates the local high-level glucose and MMP-9 in the wounds, and promotes wound healing effectively through the synergistic effect of temperature-sensitive shape-adaptive character and the dual-responsive system.
Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
Authors: C. David Jenkins
Journal: JAMA (1983)

To evaluate the benefits of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, we interviewed and tested 318 patients (268 men and 50 women) younger than age 70 before and six months after elective CABG at four university medical centers. Biomedical, psychoneurological, physical function, role function, occupational, social, family, sexual, emotional, and attitudinal variables were assessed. Quantitative comparisons showed improvement on many factors. Angina was completely relieved for 69% to 85% of persons, depending on whether it had been induced by exertion or other events. Disability days were reduced more than 80%. Seventy-five percent of employed persons had returned to work. Anxiety, depression, fatigue, and sleep problems declined. Vigor and well-being scores rose significantly. When losses were expected (eg, psychoneurological function, marital adjustment), they generally were not found. For none of the more than 60 outcome variables was widespread serious worsening found. The findings suggest that the great majority of patients are able to resume normal economic and social functioning within six months after CABG. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;250:782-788)
Update: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome— United States, June 18, 2003
Journal: JAMA (2003)

CDC continues to work with state and local health departments, the World Health Organization (WHO), and other partners to investigate cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). This report updates SARS cases reported worldwide and in the United States and summarizes changes in CDC's recommendations for travel to Singapore and Hong Kong and the resulting modification to the interim U.S. case definition for SARS.
Use of tissue and pulsed wave Doppler echocardiography in the aortic-banded rats myocardial hypertrophy model Ismar N. Cestari, Mara D. Pires, Vera M.C. Salemi, Charles Mady, Id�gene A. Cestari, Adolfo A. Leirner. Heart Institute (InCor) University of S�o Paulo Medical School, S�o Paulo, Brazil
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
The impact of CA 19-9 on survival in patients with clinical stage I pancreatic cancer.
Authors: Alexa D. Melucci, Alexander C Chacon, Paul R. Burchard, Nicholas A. Ullman, Vasleios Tsagkalidis, Anthony S. Casabianca, Alexandra Reitz, David A. Swift, Subir Goyal, Jeffrey M. Switchenko, Darren R. Carpizo, Mihir Maheshkumar Shah
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

606 Background: Standard of care for early-stage resectable pancreatic cancer (PC) includes a combination of surgical resection and chemotherapy. Frequently, CA 19-9 is used as a biomarker to monitor treatment effect and has prognostic significance. We evaluated the impact of CA 19-9 on overall survival (OS) in patients with clinical stage I PC (cT1N0 and cT2N0) utilizing the National Cancer Database (NCDB). Methods: The NCDB was queried between 2010 and 2014 to identify patients with clinical stage I PC. Patients who had missing or undocumented CA 19-9 value at diagnosis were excluded. Demographic and clinical characteristics were analyzed. Patients were stratified into two cohorts based on the CA 19-9 value at diagnosis – CA 19-9 &lt; 98 U/mL and CA 19-9 &gt; 98 U/mL. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed, and variables associated with OS were identified. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were computed to compare the OS between the two cohorts. Results: A total of 12,480 patients met our inclusion criteria. A majority of patients were female (51.9%), white (84.4%), with a median age of 70 years. Nearly, half the patients received care in an academic/research program (49.5%). A majority of patients had tumors located in the head of the pancreas (71.9%), and received single-agent (35.1%) or multiagent (22.9%) chemotherapy. Over half the patients (6505 patients, 52.1%) had a CA 19-9 value &gt; 98 U/mL. A CA 19-9 value &gt; 98 U/mL in patients predicted a significantly shorter median OS of 12.1 months compared to 19.4 months in patients with a CA 19-9 &lt; 98 U/mL, p&lt;0.0001 (Table). The 5-year OS rate was 9.9% in patients with a CA 19-9 value of &gt; 98 U/mL compared to a 5-year OS rate of 18.1% for patients with a CA 19-9 value &lt; 98 U/mL. On multivariable analysis, CA 19-9 &gt; 98 compared to CA 19-9 &lt; 98 (HR 1.53, p&lt;0.001) and black race compared to white race (HR 1.10, p&lt;0.001) was associated with worse survival, whereas tumor location in the body and tail compared to the head (HR 0.82, p&lt;0.001), single-agent (HR 0.55, p&lt;0.001) and multiagent (HR 0.55, p&lt;0.001) chemotherapy compared to no chemotherapy, independently predicted improved OS. Conclusions: This is the first National Cancer Database study to demonstrate the prognostic value of CA 19-9 in patients with clinical stage I pancreatic cancer, with a value &lt; 98 U/mL predicting improved survival. Clinical stage I pancreatic cancer patients appear to derive a significant benefit from chemotherapy, including single and multiagent chemotherapy, irrespective of the CA 19-9 value.[Table: see text]
Comparative Analysis of Ultrasound Examination of the Skin High Frequency Transducers
Authors: I. N. Bondarenko
Journal: Radiology - Practice (2021)

Ultrasound examination of the skin was performed on 63 women, using a 10–22 MHz high frequency linear transducer on the scanning surface in B-mode and Color Doppler Imaging (CDI) mode with the scanning depth of 7 mm, as well as a 6–18 MHz transducer in B-mode with the scanning depth of 15 mm. The thickness of the dermis was measured between the epidermis and the subcutaneous adipose tissue in the middle and lower third of the face at standard points. To determine the border between the dermis and hypodermis, we used the subdermal vascular plexus as an additional anatomical landmark, which was well visualized in the CDI mode. Comparison of three or more groups of independent quantitative parameters was carried out using ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) for looking for dependencies in the data obtained by determining the significance of differences in means. The level of significance was presented according to F. Fisher’s criterion. As a result of the analysis of variance, a significance level was 0.15, based on which it was concluded that there is no difference in measuring the thickness of the dermis with 6–18 MHz and 10–22 MHz high frequency transducers. The optimal scanning depth for measuring the skin thickness is 7–15 mm. Evaluation of the skin microcirculation should be carried out in the Doppler mode at a pulse recurrence frequency of less than 1 kHz.
Microbial hydrogen economy alleviates colitis by reprogramming colonocyte metabolism and reinforcing intestinal barrier
Authors: Li Ge, Jie Qi, Bo Shao, Zhenzhen Ruan, Yueran Ren, Shujing Sui, Xinpei Wu, Xueqiang Sun, Shuman Liu, Sha Li, Changqing Xu, Wengang Song
Journal: Gut Microbes (2022)

With the rapid development and high therapeutic efficiency and biosafety of gas-involving theranostics, hydrogen medicine has been particularly outstanding because hydrogen gas (H2), a microbial-derived gas, has potent anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory activities in many disease models. Studies have suggested that H2-enriched saline/water alleviates colitis in murine models; however, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Despite evidence demonstrating the importance of the microbial hydrogen economy, which reflects the balance between H2-producing (hydrogenogenic) and H2-utilizing (hydrogenotrophic) microbes in maintaining colonic mucosal ecosystems, minimal efforts have been exerted to manipulate relevant H2-microbe interactions for colonic health. Consistent with previous studies, we found that administration of hydrogen-rich saline (HS) ameliorated dextran sulfate sodium-induced acute colitis in a mouse model. Furthermore, we demonstrated that HS administration can increase the abundance of intestinal-specific short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria and SCFA production, thereby activating the intracellular butyrate sensor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ signaling and decreasing the epithelial expression of Nos2, consequently promoting the recovery of the colonic anaerobic environment. Our results also indicated that HS administration ameliorated disrupted intestinal barrier functions by modulating specific mucosa-associated mucolytic bacteria, leading to substantial inhibition of opportunistic pathogenic Escherichia coli expansion as well as a significant increase in the expression of interepithelial tight junction proteins and a decrease in intestinal barrier permeability in mice with colitis. Exogenous H2 reprograms colonocyte metabolism by regulating the H2-gut microbiota-SCFAs axis and strengthens the intestinal barrier by modulating specific mucosa-associated mucolytic bacteria, wherein improved microbial hydrogen economy alleviates colitis.
AUSTRALIA
Journal: JAMA (1929)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Principles and Application of Local Treatment in Diseases of the Skin..
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Long-term results of mitral valve repair in patients with infective endocarditis Bernard Iung, Juliette Rousseau, Patricia Berdah, Olivier Varenne, Joel Kamblock, Philippe Lionet, Bertrand Cormier, Gerard Papouin, Alec Vahanian. Bichat Hospital - Cardiology, Paris, France
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
THE DIPHTHERIA BACILLUS AS A CAUSE OF GANGRENE OF THE SKIN.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prevalence and incidence of generalized pustular psoriasis in Sweden: a population‐based register study*
Authors: Sofia Löfvendahl, Jenny M. Norlin, Marcus Schmitt‐Egenolf
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2022)

Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a severe form of pustular psoriasis with generalized eruption of sterile pustules, often along with systemic symptoms. There is a scarcity of population-based estimates of GPP prevalence and incidence.To estimate (i) the prevalence and incidence of GPP in the Swedish general population and (ii) the prevalence of psoriasis vulgaris within the GPP population.We identified cases (2004-2015) with one ICD-10 diagnostic code (base case) for GPP within the Swedish National Patient Register, which covers inpatient and outpatient secondary care. Cases were linked to the Swedish Total Population Register, and point prevalence was estimated as on 31 December 2015. In two alternative analyses we changed case definitions to: (i) requiring two visits (strict case 1) and (ii) requiring two visits of which one was within dermatology/internal medicine (strict case 2).The base case point prevalence of GPP was estimated at 9.1 per 100 000 (women, 11.2; men, 7.0) and the annual prevalence in 2015 was estimated at 1.53 per 100 000. Among the GPP population, 43% also had a psoriasis vulgaris code. The incidence of GPP in 2015 was estimated at 0.82 per 100 000 (women, 0.93; men, 0.74). The criteria used had an impact on prevalence and incidence estimates: prevalence strict case 1 gave 3.8 per 100 000 and incidence strict case 1 gave 0.42 per 100 000.Results indicate that the estimated GPP population in Sweden is within the range of previous published estimates. However, estimates were sensitive to the GPP case criteria used. The findings enhance demands for studies using validated diagnostic algorithms.
High-sugar, high-fat, and high-protein diets promote antibiotic resistance gene spreading in the mouse intestinal microbiota
Authors: Rong Tan, Min Jin, Yifan Shao, Jing Yin, Haibei Li, Tianjiao Chen, Danyang Shi, Shuqing Zhou, Junwen Li, Dong Yang
Journal: Gut Microbes (2022)

Diet can not only provide nutrition for intestinal microbiota, it can also remodel them. However, is unclear whether and how diet affects the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the intestinal microbiota. Therefore, we employed selected high-sugar, high-fat, high-protein, and normal diets to explore the effect. The results showed that high-sugar, high-fat, and high-protein diets promoted the amplification and transfer of exogenous ARGs among intestinal microbiota, and up-regulated the expression of trfAp and trbBp while significantly altered the intestinal microbiota and its metabolites. Inflammation-related products were strongly correlated with the spread of ARGs, suggesting the intestinal microenvironment after diet remodeling might be conducive to the spreading of ARGs. This may be attributed to changes in bacterial membrane permeability, the SOS response, and bacterial composition and diversity caused by diet-induced inflammation. In addition, acceptor bacteria (zygotes) screened by flow cytometry were mostly Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria, and most were derived from dominant intestinal bacteria remodeled by diet, indicating that the transfer of ARGs was closely linked to diet, and had some selectivity. Metagenomic results showed that the gut resistance genome could be affected not only by diet, but by exogenous antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB). Many ARG markers coincided with bacterial markers in diet groups. Therefore, dominant bacteria in different diets are important hosts of ARGs in specific dietary environments, but the many pathogenic bacteria present may cause serious harm to human health.
Continuity of outpatient care in elderly men
Authors: Douglas P. Kiel
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I have just read the Nov 2, 1984,<i>JAMA</i>article entitled "Continuity of Outpatient Medical Care in Elderly Men," by Wasson et al.<sup>1</sup>It was reassuring to hear that provider continuity makes a difference. However, there was one outcome variable that I found hard to explain. How does provider continuity account for a ten-day difference in hospital stay? The authors failed to speculate on this surprising outcome. In the review of the characteristics of patients during the so-called equilibration period, it was noted that both groups had equal percentages of patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and respiratory diseases. Missing from the analysis was a measure of disease severity. Also, the presence of other chronic diseases might affect length of hospital stay. To imply a<i>causal</i>relationship between continuity of care and length of hospital stay, the investigators must ensure equality between the two groups studied.
Why asylum seekers deserve better healthcare, and how we can give it to them
Authors: Olivia Farrant, Sarah Eisen, Chris van Tulleken, Allison Ward, Nicky Longley
Journal: BMJ (2022)

Many asylum seekers in the UK find themselves in a purgatory of paperwork that leaves a total absence of healthcare. <b>Olivia Farrant and colleagues</b> explain how, in the depths of the pandemic, a model response was born