tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Contemporary Catholic Health Care Ethics
Authors: David L. Freeman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Medical Writings: Book Notes15 February 2005Contemporary Catholic Health Care EthicsDavid L. Freeman, MDDavid L. Freeman, MDFrom Caritas Carney Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-142-4-200502150-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Contemporary Catholic Health Care Ethics Kelley DF. 336 pages. Washington, DC: Georgetown Univ Pr. $32.50. ISBN 1589010302. Order at www.press.georgetown.edu.Field of medicine: Ethics, philosophy, religion, and Christian bioethics.Format: Softcover book.Audience: Students of bioethics in Catholic colleges, medical and administrative staff in Catholic hospitals, chaplains, and anyone interested in the intersection of medicine and religion.Purpose: A primer of medical ethics with pertinent Catholic teachings.Content: The book is divided into 3 parts: “Theological Basis,” “Method,” and “Application.” The first maintains that Catholic concepts of human dignity, holism, sanctity of human life, and quality of life should contextualize ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Caritas Carney Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 February 2005Volume 142, Issue 4Page: 312KeywordsBioethicsContraceptivesEuthanasiaGenetic engineeringHospital medicineMedical ethicsPain managementQuality of lifeSoftware tools ePublished: 15 February 2005 Issue Published: 15 February 2005 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2005 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Thoracic Actinomycosis
Authors: J. Verbov
Journal: BMJ (1965)

Birefringence is, of course, exhibited by both urate and calcium pyrophosphate crystals.Differentiation between the two requires identification of the sign of birefringence, urate being strongly negative, calcium pyro- phosphate weakly positive.Proof of the identity of urate crystals is by uricase digestion.We have had the opportunity of examin- ing synovial fluids from 22 patients with radiological calcification of joint cartilage.In general our findings have given less clear-cut answers than anticipated, and a number of specimens contained more than one type of crystal.In one patient with associated hyperparathyroidism the synovial fluid on two occasions was found to contain crystals which exhibited strong positive birefringence and had an extinction angle of 30°.Histochemical studies showed the presence of calcium.The other radical has not yet been positively identified, but we are impressed with the resemblance of these crystals to calcium oxalate.It may well be that gout and pseudogout can co-exist in the same person.One patient in this series is regarded as suffering from classical uric-acid gout, yet on one occasion fluid from his inflamed knee-joint yielded typical calcium pyrophosphate crystals.-Weare, etc.,
An Address on the Haematozoa of Malaria
Authors: W. Osler
Journal: BMJ (1887)

three of the chief museums here-to wit, the Hunterian, the University College, and St. Thomas's.The particulars of the first twenty are given in my book on Tumours.The nature of these thirty-four is set forth in the following table : Simple papilloma, 25 cases (one of the above proved to be associated with cancer, and two or three with mayoma); myoma, 4 cases; epithelioma, 2 cases; carcinoma, 1 case; sarcoma, 2 cases-total, 34 cases.But in all these cases papilloma was the chief and the distinctive element.In two instances it was found associat3d with myoma; in two or three with " lymphoid cells ;" in one with cancerous deposit; and in one with commencing cartilage, suggesting an exceedingly rare condition known here as " chondrifying sarcoma."Now papilloma, unless very largely developed, yields no sign of its presence to the " toucher rectal," and none to the exploring sound.Its presence can only be demonstrated by ddbris under tt e microscope, and then the characteristic structure is sometimes beautifully distinct.The first act of micturition, or, if not, the first washing of the bladder, may produce an atom of translucent material, which shows under a quarter-inen object-glass a papilloma with its central blood-vessel, and the long prismatic epithelium ranged round the extremity of the papilla, assuring the surgeon of the presence of a growth which makes exploration wholly unnecessary.If this fails, a flat-bladed lithotrite may remove a fragment: and so produce the irreproachable witness.But if by none of I hese means can you produce the needful evidence, and the history is manifestly that of vesical growth, the kidney being acquitted of all participation in the evil, then I have no hesitation in advising that a little boutonniere should be made, and a finger be introduced into the bladder, and the question settled beyond dispute.And this can be easily done in nine cases out of ten.And here, again, the original source of misapprehension sbows itself.Profes3or Guyon doubts the possibility of examining the bladder thus, and adduces the small effect of finger-manipulation in the bladder when operating by the " taille," and further states that the age at which tumours of the bladder appear is the age "des perin6es epais et des prostates volutmineuses."Quite so ; that is true as regards the cases of cancer, but is less ap- plicable to cases of papilloma; and as I operate only for papillomata, an enlarged prostate is not often encountered ; papilloma occurring at all ages, but commencing at 25 years of age and upwards.No w let me here repeat a statement I have often made, and with great 'OCanwiian Nartu-liet. 1883.
The Science of Nutrition Simplified: A Popular Introduction to Dietetics.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>QuickStats</i>: Average Age* at Death† from HIV Disease,§ by Sex — United States, 1987–2013
Authors: Wanjun Cui, Rosemarie Kobau, Matthew Zack, Sandra Helmers, Marshalyn Yeargin-Allsopp, Thomas Frieden, Harold Jaffe, Joanne Cono, Chesley Richards, Michael Iademarco, Sonja Rasmussen, Charlotte Kent, Jacqueline Gindler, Teresa Rutledge, Douglas Weatherwax, Soumya Dunworth, Teresa Hood, Martha Boyd, Maureen Leahy, Julia Martinroe, Stephen Spriggs, Moua Yang, Quang Doan, Phyllis King, Teresa Moreland, Terraye Starr, Timothy Jones, Matthew Boulton, Virginia Caine, Katherine Daniel, Jonathan Fielding, David Fleming, William Halperin, King Holmes, Robin Ikeda, Rima Khabbaz, Phyllis Meadows, Jewel Mullen, Jeff Niederdeppe, Patricia Quinlisk, Patrick Remington, Carlos Roig, William Roper, William Schaffner, Andrea Sharma, Samuel Crowe, Barbara Mahon, Antonio Vieira, ; Gould
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2015)

Epilepsy is a brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizures; an estimated 2.9 million persons in the United States have active epilepsy (1).A seizure is a brief change in normal brain activity that changes awareness, behavior, or body movement.More than 30 different types of seizures have been described (2).A report in this issue characterizes seizures in children and adolescents aged 6-17 years in the United States.Because seizures can affect anyone, members of the public need to know how to safely assist a person having a seizure.Not all seizures are emergencies, and most will end within a few minutes.The first response to witnessing a seizure should be to remain calm and provide care and comfort.A person with a convulsive seizure might cry out, fall, stiffen, shake, or lose awareness.If possible, the person should be helped to sit safely or should be guided gently to the floor.Once on the floor, a person should be turned on the side to keep the airway clear; nearby objects should be moved to prevent injury, and the head should be cushioned.A person witnessing a seizure in someone should call 911 if a seizure lasts more than 5 minutes, causes an injury, occurs in a person with another known condition (e.g., pregnancy or low blood sugar in diabetes), or causes a person to have difficulty breathing or waking after the seizure is over.CDC works to improve the health and well-being of persons with epilepsy and to educate the public about this disorder (3).Additional information about providing first aid for seizures is available at http://www.cdc.gov/epilepsy/basics/first-aid.
Lectures on Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: B. E. Brodhurst
Journal: BMJ (1863)

Cyninosis, or posterior curvature of the spine, is a much more frequent affection than the last men- tioned form of distortion.Indeed, occurring, as it does, in infancy, in youth, and in old age, it is one of the most common forms of distortion of the spinal column.As well as being applied to posterior cur- vature, the term cyphosis is also sometimes used to express angular curvature of the spine.But, inas- much as posterior curvature and caries, or angular curvature, are totally distinct affections, I shall not include them under a common heading; nor shall I further allude to the last-mentioned form of disease at the present time ; but shall reserve what I have to say with regard to it for a future occasion.The causes of posterior curovature of the spine are debility-debility in infatncy, in youth, and in old age; rachitis, muscular rheumatism, and partial paralysis.Somne occupations are prone to induce a stoop in those who are engaged in them ; thus it is, for in- stance, with watch makers, engravers, embroiderers, writers, shoemakers, and others, whose occupationls require a stooping position.This position, which is at first m-ost irksome, becomes at length easy, and more or less permanient.Those, also, who are sub- ject to asthmiia, acquire a stoop which becomes dia- gnostic of the disease.Debility and rachitis are, in infalncy especially,
Abstract 17016: The Role of Polymerase Delta-Interacting Protein 2 in Pulmonary Vascular Inflammation
Authors: Steven J Forrester, Qian Xu, Daniel S Kikuchi, Derick Okwan-Duodu, Bernard Lassegue, Ruxana Sadikot, Marina S Hernandes, Kathy K Griendling
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Vascular inflammation is an underlying causative factor in the progression of various ailments including acute lung injury. In the inflamed lung, chronic endothelial cell (EC) activation facilitates leukocyte recruitment and extravasation into tissue beds, leading to end organ damage. Delineating the mechanisms of EC activation may uncover novel areas of therapeutic opportunity. Our laboratory has identified polymerase delta-interacting protein 2 (Poldip2) as a novel regulator of endothelial activation and permeability. Methods: Poldip2 +/- and +/+ mice were injected with either saline or lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 18 mg/kg) for either 6 or 18 hours to induce acute lung injury. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid was collected to assess leukocyte infiltration via flow cytometry and cytokine expression via ELISA. Evans blue staining was used to evaluate lung permeability, and tissue lysates were analyzed for inflammatory marker expression. For in vitro analysis, inflammatory marker expression, leukocyte adherence and cell permeability were tested in human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMVECs) treated with saline or LPS (1 μg/mL). To test the efficacy of Poldip2 silencing in HPMVECs, siRNA was used at 100 nM (siControl vs siPoldip2). Comparisons between groups were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test. Results: Compared to Poldip2 +/+, Poldip2 +/- mice treated with LPS exhibited significantly reduced mortality (80% vs. 20% survival), Evans blue staining, and leukocyte infiltration. FACS analysis of BAL fluid revealed a decrease in LPS-induced monocyte and neutrophil infiltration in Poldip2 +/- mice compared to Poldip2 +/+ mice. RT-qPCR analysis indicated a reduction in inflammatory gene induction in lung tissue. In HPMVECs, LPS induced increases in VCAM-1 protein expression, THP-1 leukocyte adherence and endothelial permeability, which were attenuated with siRNA-mediated knockdown of Poldip2 ( P&lt;0.05 for all). Conclusion: Poldip2 is an important regulator of EC activation, leukocyte adherence and EC permeability. In scenarios of persistent vascular inflammation and endothelial barrier dysfunction, such as in acute lung injury, inhibition of Poldip2 may provide clinical benefit.
Abstract 17363: Inter-Individual Heterogeneity Among Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes in Response to Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Matthew C White, Praful Aggarwal, Andrea Matter, Amy Turner, William B Mattes, Ulrich Broeckel
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) provide unprecedented opportunities for novel investigations into the impact of individual heterogeneity on drug response. Cardio-oncology is a field of growing clinical importance due to the significant, but often sporadic, incidence of cardiotoxicity among cancer patients, including those receiving targeted therapeutics such as kinase inhibitors (KIs). Current commercially-available hiPSC-CMs are typically derived from single donors, and thus do not capture the inherent heterogeneity of patient populations. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that hiPSC-CMs derived from different individuals would display heterogeneous sensitivities to KIs. Methods: We tested iPSC-CMs from six individual participants as part of the NHLBI HyperGEN cohort. Cells were plated on 96-well ePlates (ACEA Biosciences, San Diego, CA) per manufacturer’s instructions and allowed to mature for 10-14 days prior to use. Four KIs were tested (sunitinib, vandetanib, nilotinib, and gefitinib) at concentrations ranging from Cmax to 30-fold Cmax. Toxicity was assessed using non-invasive impedance-based endpoints (beating rate, beat amplitude, and cell index) and ATP levels (Promega, Madison, WI). Results: We observed differences in baseline beating rates (BRs) among the hiPSC-CMs despite similar morphology and cardiac troponin expression levels. Following drug exposure, cell-line and drug- dependent differences in BR and cell index/viability (CI) became apparent. For example, the relatively non-cardiotoxic KI gefitinib produced few significant changes in BR or CI across all 6 cell lines, whereas KIs with black-box warnings for cardiotoxicity severely impacted these endpoints. For both vandetanib and nilotinib, statistically significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in BR were observed between multiple cell lines at 24 hours post-exposure. Furthermore, nilotinib induced significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in CI between multiple cell lines after 24 hours. Conclusions: Taken together, these results strongly suggest that inter-individual differences impact hiPSC-CM cardiotoxicity assessments, and support the need to test multiple cell lines during in vitro toxicity screens.
A genomic classifier for prostate cancer correlates with adverse pathologic features: Transcriptomic features of cribriform and intraductal carcinoma of the prostate.
Authors: Zaeem M Lone, Tarik Benidir, Magdalena Rainey, Monica Nair, Elai Davicioni, Ewan Gibb, Sean Williamson, Jane Nguyen, Shilpa Gupta, Moshe Chaim Ornstein, Rahul D. Tendulkar, Christopher Weight, Eric A. Klein, Omar Y. Mian
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

268 Background: Invasive cribriform and intraductal carcinoma (CF/IDC) portends an unfavorable prognosis for patients diagnosed with prostate cancer (CaP). Limited studies with small sample sizes have explored whether genomic classifiers are associated with IDC and/or CF status. We investigated the correlation between Decipher genomic risk score and IDC/CF status and assessed PCa transcriptomic features. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of CaP patients who had Decipher testing at a single high volume center between 2009-2020. The highest grade index lesion from radical prostatectomy specimens was identified by GU pathologists and used for Decipher testing. Genitourinary pathologists reviewed prostatectomy specimens for the presence of CF and IDC features. Patients were divided into three groups based on pathologic features, absent CF/IDC (CF-/IDC-), CF positive only (CF+/IDC-), and CF/IDC positive (CF+/IDC+). Categorical clinical, genomic, and pathologic variables were assessed using the Pearson Chi-Square test, quantitative with the Kruskal-Wallis test. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors of high-risk Decipher GC scores. The Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank was used to compare biochemical recurrence free survival. Differential gene expression and gene network analysis was used to identify genes and pathways associated with IDC/CF features. Results: 463 patients were included with a median follow-up of 25 months. Patients who were CF+/IDC+ had higher GC scores (CF+/IDC+: 0.77 vs. CF+/IDC-: 0.71 vs. CF-/IDC-: 0.61, p&lt;0.001). Patients who were CF+/IDC+ had a higher percentage of Gleason grade group &gt;3 (CF+/IDC+: 79% vs. CF+/IDC-: 52% vs. CF-/IDC-: 52%, p&lt;0.001). On multivariate logistic regression, predictors of high-risk GC score were presence of CF+/IDC+ features on final pathology (OR: 3.94, p&lt;0.001) and pathologic Gleason grade group &gt;3 (OR: 1.58, p=0.04). Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the hallmark androgen response pathway was significantly upregulated in CF+/IDC+ patients (Log fold change: 15.7, p&lt;0001). Conclusions: This is the largest series investigating the association of a clinically validated genomic classifier and pathologic features such as cribriform and intraductal carcinoma. These findings have implications for the use of genomic classifiers in settings where expert GU pathology is not readily available and in potentially unmasking adverse histology at the time of biopsy.[Table: see text]
ACE inhibitor augments the release of tissue plasminogen activator induced by bradykinin in the human coronary circulation Kazuo Minai, Tetsuya Matsumoto, Hajime Horie, Naoto Ohira, Hiroyuki Takashima, Hiroshi Yokohama, Masayuki Takahashi, Masahiko Kinoshita. First Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Erratum
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

In “Human Gastric Choriocarcinoma Serially Transplanted in Nude Mice” by Toru Kameya, Yukio Shimosato, Masaru Tumuraya, Nakaaki Ohsawa, and Tatsuji Nomura, please note the following corrections: Page 328, column 2, lines 9–11 from the bottom should read “… 587.6 mIU HCG, 25 ng human chorionic somatomammotropin, 220.0 mIU luteinizing hormone, 1.0 µU thyroid-stimulating hormone,” (not “… 587.6 IU RCG, 25 ng human chorinoic somatomammotropin, 220.0 IU lutenizing hormone, 1.0 µ thyroid-stimulating hormone.”).
Abstract 199: Pulmonary Embolism and Accidental Hypothermia Have a Favorable Outcome in Cardiac Arrest With PEA Treated by ECPR
Authors: Shinichi Ijuin, Akihiko Inoue, Nobuaki Igarashi, Shigenari Matsuyama, Tetsunori Kawase, Satoshi Ishihara, Shinichi Nakayama
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: We have reported previously a favorable neurological outcome by extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) for out of hospital cardiac arrest. However, effects of ECPR on patients with prolonged pulseless electrical activity (PEA) are unclear. We analyzed etiology of patients with favorable neurological outcomes after ECPR for PEA with witness. Methods: In this single center retrospective study, from January 2007 to May 2018, we identified 68 patients who underwent ECPR for PEA with witness. Of these, 13 patients (19%) had good neurological outcome at 1 month (Glasgow-Pittsburgh Cerebral Performance Category (CPC):1-2, Group G), and 55 patients (81%) had unfavorable neurological outcome (CPC:3-5, Group B). We compared courses of treatment and causes/places of arrests between two groups. Results are expressed as mean ± SD. Results: Patient characteristics were not different between the two groups. Time intervals from collapse to induction of V-A ECMO were also not significantly different (Group G; 46.1 ± 20.2 min vs Group B; 46.8 ± 21.7 min, p=0.92). Ten patients achieved favorable neurological outcome among 39 (26%) with non-cardiac etiology. In cardiac etiology, only 3 of 29 patients (9%) had a good outcome at 1 month (p=0.08). In particular, 5 patients of 10 pulmonary embolism, and 4 of 4 accidental hypothermia responded well to ECPR with a favorable neurological outcome. Additionally, 6 of 13 (46%), who had in hospital cardiac arrest, had good outcome, whereas 7 of 55 (15%) who had out of hospital cardiac arrest, had good outcome (p=0.02). Conclusions: In our small cohort of cardiac arrest patients with pulmonary embolism or accidental hypothermia and PEA with witness, EPCR contributed to favorable neurological outcomes at 1 month.
Practical Malariology.
Authors: Harold W. Brown
Journal: JAMA (1963)

First published in 1946, this excellent volume is brought up to date in a second edition. Very impressive are the advances which the intervening years have made in our knowledge of the life cycle and physiology of the parasite, chemotherapy, and chemicals for the control of the mosquito. We now begin to understand what we have known for many years. That progress continues since the publication of the new edition is shown by the recent development of cycloguanil pamoate, minute amounts of which protect man against malaria for many months. Likewise there is new information on primate malaria in man and resistance of malaria to chloroquine phosphate. This volume, written in a clear, readable narrative style, covers the problem of malaria under the following headings: Historical Introduction, The Parasite, The Mosquito, The Man, The Community, Prevention, and Keys to Anophelines of the World. References and further reading suggestions with short