tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hyperinsulinemia, sex, and risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
Authors: MModan, JOr, AKarasik, YDrory, ZFuchs, ALusky, AChetrit, HHalkin
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDThe possibility that hyperinsulinemia may be involved in the etiology of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) was first suggested 20 years ago. During the last decade, this possibility has received support from three large prospective studies.METHODS AND RESULTSIn the present study, the association between CVD, glucose intolerance, obesity, and hypertension (the GOH conditions) and hyperinsulinemia was examined cross-sectionally in a representative sample (n = 1,263) of the adult Jewish population aged 40-70 years in Israel. Previously known diabetics were excluded. CVD comprising clinical or ECG evidence of ischemic heart disease, as well as clinical evidence of cerebrovascular or peripheral vascular disease, was identified in 97 men and 39 women. A significant (p less than 0.01) hyperinsulinemia-sex interaction was found for CVD rate, with the adjusted risk ratios (followed by 95% confidence limits), relative to the rate in 298 normoinsulinemic women, being 1.15 (0.68-1.95) in 328 norm...
Serial M-mode echocardiography in severe chronic aortic regurgitation.
Authors: I GMcDonald, V MJelinek
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Thirteen patients with severe chronic aortic regurgitation (mean age 52.5 years) were studied by serial M-mode echocardiography. When first studied, none had breathlessness caused by left ventricular failure (LVF). Nine of these patients remained asymptomatic over a mean period of 4 years, 3 months (no LVF group); the other four patients developed left ventricular failure with dyspnea after a mean interval of 3 years, 11 months (LVF group). For both of these groups, we compared the echocardiographic measurements from the first and last of the serial studies. For the LVF group, end-diastolic left ventricular internal dimension increased 14%, end-systolic dimension increased 35%, fractional shortening decreased 45% and left atrial dimension increased 62%. All of these changes were significant. For the No LVF group, the change in end-diastolic left ventricular internal dimension was not significant, but the 6% increase in end-systolic dimension, 10% reduction in fractional shortening and 25% increase in left...
Deficiency of <i>Cux1</i>, Encoded on Human Chromosome 7q, Causes Aberrant Hematopoietic Stem Cell Function and Spontaneous Myeloproliferative Disease in Mice
Authors: Ningfei An, Saira Khan, Molly Imgruet, Sandeep Gurbuxani, Michael R. Burgess, Megan E. McNerney
Journal: Blood (2017)
The role of the exercise test in the evaluation of patients for ischemic heart disease.
Authors: J FMcNeer, J RMargolis, K LLee, J AKisslo, R HPeter, YKong, V SBehar, A GWallace, C BMcCants, R ARosati
Journal: Circulation (1978)

A cohort of 1472 patients who underwent both exercise stress testing and coronary angiography within six weeks was examined. The data indicated that a combination of exercise parameters is both diagnostically and prognostically important. Almost all patients (greater than 97%) who had positive exercise tests at Stage I or Stage II had significant coronary artery disease. More than half of these (greater than 60%) had three vessel disease and over 25% had significant narrowing (greater than 50%) of the left main coronary artery. Patients who achieved Stage IV or greater exercise durations with either negative or indeterminate ST-segment response had less than a 15% prevalence of three vessel disease and less than a 1% prevalence of left main coronary artery disease. A low risk subgroup (75% of all non-operated patients) was identified with a twelve month survival greater than 99%. A high risk subgroup (11% of all nonoperated patients) was identified with a twelve month survival of less than 85%. The exerci...
Predicting Clinical Outcomes in Acute Gallstone Cholangitis: are Tokyo 2018 Criteria the Answer?
Authors: C Sequeira, I Costa Santos, M Coelho, E Dantas, J Mangualde, R Freire, Oliveira AP
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has a pivotal role in the management of acute gallstone cholangitis (AGC), although timing is controversial. Tokyo 2018 Criteria (TC2018) allow severity categorisation, however stratifying the risk to determine ideal “Emergency Room (ER) to ERCP time” (ER-ERCPt) is an unmet need.
Intracoronary thrombolysis in patients with acute myocardial infarction: comparison of the efficacy of urokinase with streptokinase.
Authors: S NTennant, JDixon, T CVenable, H LPage, ARoach, A BKaiser, RFrederiksen, LTacogue, PKaplan, N SBabu
Journal: Circulation (1984)

The efficacy of intracoronary urokinase and streptokinase were compared in 80 patients with acute myocardial infarction in a prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Urokinase was infused into the occluded coronary artery at 6000 U/min, and streptokinase was infused at 2000 U/min. Maximal duration of infusion was 2 hr. The frequency of successfully opening the artery was similar for patients receiving urokinase (27 of 45, 60%) and those receiving streptokinase (20 of 35, 57%). Fibrinogen levels after infusion were measured in 63 patients. Nineteen of 29 streptokinase recipients had fibrinogen levels less than 100 mg/dl compared with levels of two of 34 urokinase recipients (p less than .001). Five of 45 (11%) patients receiving urokinase and 10 of 35 receiving streptokinase (29%) had bleeding complications (p less than .05). Major bleeding after early coronary artery bypass surgery was more frequent in the streptokinase group (four of five compared with a similar group of patients receiving urokinase ...
Ambient carbon monoxide and daily mortality: a global time-series study in 337 cities
Authors: Kai Chen, Susanne Breitner, Kathrin Wolf, Massimo Stafoggia, Francesco Sera, Ana M Vicedo-Cabrera, Yuming Guo, Shilu Tong, Eric Lavigne, Patricia Matus, Nicolás Valdés, Haidong Kan, Jouni J K Jaakkola, Niilo R I Ryti, Veronika Huber, Matteo Scortichini, Masahiro Hashizume, Yasushi Honda, Baltazar Nunes, Joana Madureira, Iulian Horia Holobâcă, Simona Fratianni, Ho Kim, Whanhee Lee, Aurelio Tobias, Carmen Íñiguez, Bertil Forsberg, Christofer Åström, Martina S Ragettli, Yue-Liang Leon Guo, Bing-Yu Chen, Shanshan Li, Ai Milojevic, Antonella Zanobetti, Joel Schwartz, Michelle L Bell, Antonio Gasparrini, Alexandra Schneider
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2021)

Epidemiological evidence on short-term association between ambient carbon monoxide (CO) and mortality is inconclusive and limited to single cities, regions, or countries. Generalisation of results from previous studies is hindered by potential publication bias and different modelling approaches. We therefore assessed the association between short-term exposure to ambient CO and daily mortality in a multicity, multicountry setting.We collected daily data on air pollution, meteorology, and total mortality from 337 cities in 18 countries or regions, covering various periods from 1979 to 2016. All included cities had at least 2 years of both CO and mortality data. We estimated city-specific associations using confounder-adjusted generalised additive models with a quasi-Poisson distribution, and then pooled the estimates, accounting for their statistical uncertainty, using a random-effects multilevel meta-analytical model. We also assessed the overall shape of the exposure-response curve and evaluated the possibility of a threshold below which health is not affected.Overall, a 1 mg/m3 increase in the average CO concentration of the previous day was associated with a 0·91% (95% CI 0·32-1·50) increase in daily total mortality. The pooled exposure-response curve showed a continuously elevated mortality risk with increasing CO concentrations, suggesting no threshold. The exposure-response curve was steeper at daily CO levels lower than 1 mg/m3, indicating greater risk of mortality per increment in CO exposure, and persisted at daily concentrations as low as 0·6 mg/m3 or less. The association remained similar after adjustment for ozone but was attenuated after adjustment for particulate matter or sulphur dioxide, or even reduced to null after adjustment for nitrogen dioxide.This international study is by far the largest epidemiological investigation on short-term CO-related mortality. We found significant associations between ambient CO and daily mortality, even at levels well below current air quality guidelines. Further studies are warranted to disentangle its independent effect from other traffic-related pollutants.EU Horizon 2020, UK Medical Research Council, and Natural Environment Research Council.
Leukotriene D4 relaxes canine renal and superior mesenteric arteries.
Authors: R JSecrest, E JOlsen, B MChapnick
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

To characterize the influences of leukotriene D4 on regional vascular smooth muscle, effects of leukotriene D4 on vasomotor tone of canine renal and superior mesenteric arterial rings were determined. Vascular smooth muscle tone was measured with isometric force transducers. After tone had been induced with norepinephrine, leukotriene D4, in concentrations of 10(-8) M to 10(-7) M, produced dose-dependent relaxation of renal and superior mesenteric arterial rings. Leukotriene D4-induced relaxation was observed only in those ring preparations in which care had been taken to avoid damaging the luminal surface. Acetylcholine (10(-7) M) also decreased tone in these same ring segments. Neither acetylcholine nor leukotriene D4 altered tone of arterial rings after the endothelium had been intentionally disrupted by rubbing with a cotton-tipped applicator. Nitroglycerin (10(-6) M) relaxed rings both before and after rubbing the intimal surface. These results demonstrate that leukotriene D4 possesses the capacity t...
Pathophysiology of Hypertension
Authors: David G. Harrison, Thomas M. Coffman, Christopher S. Wilcox
Journal: Circulation Research (2021)

Dr Irvine Page proposed the Mosaic Theory of Hypertension in the 1940s advocating that hypertension is the result of many factors that interact to raise blood pressure and cause end-organ damage. Over the years, Dr Page modified his paradigm, and new concepts regarding oxidative stress, inflammation, genetics, sodium homeostasis, and the microbiome have arisen that allow further refinements of the Mosaic Theory. A constant feature of this approach to understanding hypertension is that the various nodes are interdependent and that these almost certainly vary between experimental models and between individuals with hypertension. This review discusses these new concepts and provides an introduction to other reviews in this compendium of Circulation Research .
Thrombosis and Thrombocytopenia after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccination
Authors: Nina H. Schultz, Ingvild H. Sørvoll, Annika E. Michelsen, Ludvig A. Munthe, Fridtjof Lund-Johansen, Maria T. Ahlen, Markus Wiedmann, Anne-Hege Aamodt, Thor H. Skattør, Geir E. Tjønnfjord, Pål A. Holme
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

We report findings in five patients who presented with venous thrombosis and thrombocytopenia 7 to 10 days after receiving the first dose of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 adenoviral vector vaccine against coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). The patients were health care workers who were 32 to 54 years of age. All the patients had high levels of antibodies to platelet factor 4-polyanion complexes; however, they had had no previous exposure to heparin. Because the five cases occurred in a population of more than 130,000 vaccinated persons, we propose that they represent a rare vaccine-related variant of spontaneous heparin-induced thrombocytopenia that we refer to as vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia.
Abstract 16208: Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction and Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Anthony de la Pena, Tess Allan, John Blair, Kathryn Dryer, Sanjiv J Shah, Stephanie A Besser, Cevher Ozcan
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Coronary microvascular disease (CMD) is an emerging factor that appears to be involved in the pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The role of CM...
冠状動脈狭窄症を検出するための16-スライス多重検出器列CT冠動脈造影:通常冠動脈造影との比較
Authors: Sato K, Jinzaki M, Tanami Y, Yamada M, Matsumoto K, Kuribayashi S, Kawamura A, Okabe T, Asakura Y
Journal: Circulation (2004)
Cardiovascular, renal, and endocrine response to atrial natriuretic peptide in angiotensin II mediated hypertension.
Authors: B SEdwards, T RSchwab, R SZimmerman, D MHeublein, N SJiang, J CBurnett
Journal: Circulation Research (1986)

Studies done in vitro have demonstrated that atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) antagonizes angiotensin II-mediated contraction of vascular smooth muscle. The present studies were designed to examine the in vivo actions of ANP in acute angiotensin II-mediated hypertension. The cardiovascular, renal, and hormonal effects of intravenous ANP were evaluated in anesthetized normotensive (n = 6) and hypertensive (n = 6) dogs. In both groups, ANP (3.0 micrograms/kg bolus, 0.3 micrograms/kg/min continuous infusion) reduced arterial pressure and cardiac output without changing systemic vascular resistance. ANP specifically reduced renal vascular resistance and increased sodium excretion. The natriuresis observed was greater in hypertensive than in normotensive dogs. This occurred without a significant change in glomerular filtration rate or aldosterone. The ANP-mediated reduction in arterial pressure was associated with an increase in circulating arginine vasopressin and catecholamines but not in renin. These studie...
The Risk Of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) Outside Core Working Hours. An Analysis Of The Austrian Ercp Benchmarking Survey
Authors: E Steiner, C Duller, A Püspök, C Kapral, A Maieron
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Studies on the impact of the time of day on success and complication in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) are rare. In colonoscopy a reduced diagnostic and therapeutic yield already have been shown repeatedly at a later time of the day. In surgery and aviation, this topic is also well studied. We therefore aimed to evaluate the success and complication rate between ERCPs during (08:00 a.m. - 04:00 p.m.) and outside (04:00 p.m. - 08:00 a.m.) of core working hours.
Comparison of rest and exercise radionuclide angiocardiography and exercise treadmill testing for diagnosis of anatomically extensive coronary artery disease.
Authors: C TCampos, H WChu, H JD'Agostino, R HJones
Journal: Circulation (1983)

The accuracy of rest and exercise radionuclide angiocardiography (RNA) and exercise treadmill testing (ETT) for diagnosis of three-vessel or left main coronary artery disease (extensive CAD) was determined in 544 patients. ETT and RNA sensitivities were similar (88% vs 92%, NS), but ETT was more specific than RNA (46% vs 34%, p less than 0.01). The prevalence of extensive CAD in patients with a positive treadmill (41%) increased only 3% when the RNA was also positive. However, in the 292 patients with a negative or indeterminate ETT, a positive RNA increased this prevalence from 16% to 23%, while a negative RNA decreased this prevalence to 5%. These results support the initial use of ETT followed by RNA if the treadmill is negative or indeterminate for diagnosis in a population with a high prevalence of extensive CAD. This approach separates patients into subgroups with a high or low probability of extensive CAD.
Blockade of the ATP-sensitive potassium channel modulates reactive hyperemia in the canine coronary circulation.
Authors: TAversano, POuyang, HSilverman
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

The mechanism of reactive hyperemia remains unknown. We hypothesized that reactive hyperemia was related to the opening of ATP-sensitive potassium channels during coronary occlusion. The resulting hyperpolarization of the smooth muscle cell plasma membrane might reduce calcium influx through voltage-dependent calcium channels and result in relaxation of smooth muscle tone and vasodilation. In eight open-chest, anesthetized dogs, 30-second coronary occlusions resulted in an average flow debt repayment of 200 +/- 41%. After low-dose (0.8 mumol/min) and high-dose (3.7 mumol/min) infusion of intracoronary glibenclamide, flow debt repayment fell to 76 +/- 14% and 50 +/- 8%, respectively (p less than 0.05 compared with control for both). The decline in flow debt repayment was due to a significant reduction both in maximum coronary conductance during reactive hyperemia and in its duration. In addition, there was a significant decline in the sensitivity of the coronary circulation to adenosine-induced vasodilatio...
157P Tepotinib in patients (pts) with MET exon 14 (METex14) skipping NSCLC: Efficacy results from all pts enrolled in VISION cohort A
Authors: A. Scherz, H. Sakai, X. Le, E. Felip, R. Veillon, M.C. Garassino, J. Raskin, S. Viteri, J. Mazieres, A. Cortot, E. Smit, M. Thomas, P. Conte, M. Gottfried, C. Britschgi, R. Bruns, G. Otto, A. Johne, P. Paik
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Fresh evidence of the scale and scope of long covid
Authors: Manoj Sivan, Clare Rayner, Brendan Delaney
Journal: BMJ (2021)

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in the UK has so far affected more than four million people, with more than 450 000 admitted to hospital and 30% in-hospital mortality. 1The UK's health service has risen to the twin challenges of managing waves of acute covid-19 and the vaccination effort, with rapid reconfiguration of both services and physical space.Beneath the daily headlines of admissions, deaths, and vaccinations is, however, hidden an iceberg of long term illness-known as long covid, post-covid syndrome, or post-covid sequelae.
The effect of chemical ablation of the endocardium on ventricular fibrillation threshold.
Authors: R JDamiano, P KSmith, H FTripp, TAsano, K WSmall, J ELowe, R EIdeker, J LCox
Journal: Circulation (1986)

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of ablation of the superficial endocardium and Purkinje network on left ventricular fibrillation threshold. Lugol's solution was applied through small ventriculotomies to the left and right ventricular endocardium of 10 dogs on cardiopulmonary bypass. Two control groups of five animals each underwent either endocardial application of saline or epicardial application of Lugol's solution. Ventricular fibrillation threshold was measured before and after each intervention by the single-stimulus technique. Application of Lugol's solution to the endocardium resulted in a 102 +/- 15% increase in ventricular fibrillation threshold from a control value of 26 +/- 2 to 53 +/- 6 mA (p less than .005). In two animals, ventricular fibrillation could not be initiated postoperatively. In the control groups, there were no significant changes in ventricular fibrillation threshold. Histologic examination revealed that Lugol's solution obliterated less than 0.5 mm of super...
Arterial pressure and heart rate responses to calcium channel blockers administered in the brainstem in rats.
Authors: SHiguchi, ATakeshita, NIto, TImaizumi, HMatsuguchi, MNakamura
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

The study examined the possibility that organic calcium channel blockers alter autonomic nervous system function by acting on brainstem neurons. Intracisternal administration of diltiazem or verapamil produced dose-related decreases in arterial pressure and heart rate. Diltiazem administered by drop on the dorsal surface of the brainstem at the obex or microinjected directly into the nucleus tractus solitarius also decreased arterial pressure and heart rate. The responses were absent or markedly attenuated in rats previously treated with 6-hydroxydopamine or with bilateral electrolytic lesions of the nucleus tractus solitarius but were preserved in rats treated with atropine or with sham nucleus tractus solitarius lesions. Nifedipine or ethylene glycol-bis-(beta-aminoethyl ether)N,N'-tetraacetic acid administered on the dorsal surface of the brainstem at the obex decreased arterial pressure and heart rate. Vehicle, acid saline, or sucrose solution failed to alter arterial pressure or heart rate. These res...
Direct evidence that the hydroxyl radical plays a pathogenetic role in myocardial "stunning" in the conscious dog and demonstration that stunning can be markedly attenuated without subsequent adverse effects.
Authors: SSekili, P BMcCay, X YLi, MZughaib, J ZSun, LTang, J IThornby, RBolli
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

Recent studies suggest that the hydroxyl radical (.OH) plays a pathogenetic role in postischemic ventricular dysfunction (myocardial stunning). This concept, however, is predicated exclusively on results obtained in anesthetized open-chest preparations, which are subject to the confounding influence of many unphysiological conditions and in which both myocardial stunning and free radical generation are greatly exaggerated. The lack of supporting evidence in more physiological animal models represents a major limitation of the .OH hypothesis of stunning. Furthermore, concern has been raised that myocardial stunning may be a period of rest necessary for full recovery, so that attenuation of the early phase of stunning by antioxidant therapy may have subsequent detrimental effects on the resting function and/or on the return of myocardial contractile reserve. To address these issues, in phase 1 of this study conscious unsedated dogs undergoing a 15-minute coronary artery occlusion received an intravenous...
Helping the Public Understand Adverse Events Associated With COVID-19 Vaccinations
Authors: David Dongkyung Kim, Candice S. Kung, David L. Perez
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2021)

Nicola P. Klein, MD, PhD; Ned Lewis, MPH; Kristin Goddard, MPH; Bruce Fireman, MA; Ousseny Zerbo, PhD; Kayla E. Hanson, MPH; James G. Donahue, DVM, PhD; Elyse O. Kharbanda, MD, MPH; Allison Naleway, PhD; Jennifer Clark Nelson, PhD; Stan Xu, PhD; W. Katherine Yih, PhD, MPH; Jason M. Glanz, PhD; Joshua T. B. Williams, MD; Simon J. Hambidge, MD, PhD; Bruno J. Lewin, MD; Tom T. Shimabukuro, MD, MPH, MBA; Frank DeStefano, MD, MPH; Eric S. Weintraub, MPH
Effect of intrarenal angiotensin II blockade on renal function in conscious dogs.
Authors: H MKimbrough, E DVaughan, R MCarey, C RAyers
Journal: Circulation Research (1977)

The effects of intrarenal infusion of 1-sar-8-ala angiotension II (P 113) and a converting enzyme inhibitor, SQ 20881, at doses that did not affect systemic blood pressure (2.0 mug/kg per min) were studied in conscious, uninephrectomized dogs. In dogs receiving approximately equal to 5 mEq/day of sodium, intrarenal infusion of P 113 increased renal blood flow (RBF) from 219.8 +/- 32.3 to 282.7 +/- 20.0 ml/min (P less than 0.004), and with intrarenal SQ 20881 infusion from 215.3 +/- 14.2 to 278.0 +/- 22.2 ml/min (p less than 0.005). In sodium-restricted dogs (approximately equal to 5 mEq/day), glomerular filtration rate (GFR) also increased with intrarenal P 113 infusion from 57.9 +/- 5.7 to 66.3 +/- 6.6 ml/min (P less than 0.05), and with SQ 20881 infusion from 43.1 +/- 2.1 to 55.7 +/- 4.5 ml/min (P less than 0.01). Dogs on approximately equal to 5 mEq/day of sodium showed significant increases in plasma renin activity (PRA) with intrarenal infusion of the peptides, unmasking a negative feedback inhibitio...
<i>FAIM3</i>:<i>PLAC8</i> Ratio Compared with Existing Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Severe Community-acquired Pneumonia: Comparing Apples to Oranges?
Authors: Ramesh Lakshmi Narasimhan, Ritesh Agarwal, Inderpaul Singh Sehgal
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2015)