tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous liquid ablation agent for tumor treatment and drug delivery
Authors: Hassan Albadawi, Zefu Zhang, Izzet Altun, Jingjie Hu, Leila Jamal, Kelly N. Ibsen, Eden E. L. Tanner, Samir Mitragotri, Rahmi Oklu
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2021)

An ionic liquid formulation ablates tumors, uniformly distributes drugs in the ablation zone, and has synergistic effects with chemotherapy.
Changes in Shooting Incidence in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Between March and November 2020
Authors: Jessica H. Beard, Sara F. Jacoby, Zoë Maher, Beidi Dong, Elinore J. Kaufman, Amy J. Goldberg, Christopher N. Morrison
Journal: JAMA (2021)

This study uses police department registry data to describe trends in incidence of firearm shootings and deaths in January-November 2020, before and after the closure of nonessential businesses in March, the killing of George Floyd in May, and the partial lifting of containment policies in June.
Therapy-related leukaemias with balanced translocations can arise from pre-existing clonal haematopoiesis
Authors: Richard Dillon, Matthew J. Ahearne, Lynn Quek, Nicola Potter, Jelena Jovanovic, Nicola Foot, Mikel Valganon, Sandrine Jayne, Mike Dennis, Kavita Raj, Sudhir Tauro, Martin J. S. Dyer, Nigel Russell, Ellen Solomon, David Grimwade
Journal: Leukemia (2021)
Intraductal bile duct stents should be prioritised for removal during the pandemic
Authors: Wafaa Ahmed, Deepak Joshi, Phillip Harrison, David Reffitt, John Devlin
Journal: Gut (2021)

Following the announcement by the WHO of a pandemic on 11 March 2020, routine gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures were suspended internationally with only life-threatening emergencies and severe conditions being performed. We, therefore, read with interest the article by Rutter et al on the impact of COVID-19 on endoscopy services and cancer detection (1). One patient category not fully addressed in this publication is the subgroup of patients who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with biliary stent placement prior to introduction of restricted activity. Under normal circumstances, many of these patients would have undergone endoprosthesis replacement or revision prior to potential endoscopic activity later in 2020. Guidance statements from international professional bodies are inconsistent with the Asian Pacific Society for Digestive Endoscopy (APSDE)-COVID statement, this group has not …
IL‐1β promotes immunoregulatory responses in human blood basophils
Authors: Joseena Iype, Andrea Odermatt, Sofia Bachmann, Mazarine Coeudevez, Michaela Fux
Journal: Allergy (2021)

Human basophils are essential effector cells of chronic allergic inflammation. IL-1 family cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-33 and IL-1β are elevated in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of allergic asthmatics. IL-33 is known to be a critical regulator of basophil's T2 immune responses. However, the effect of IL-1β on the function of basophils has not been well investigated. Here, we elucidate whether IL-1β regulates the function of human basophils and compared the effects of IL-1β and IL-33 on basophils of healthy and allergic subjects. We found that IL-1β activates the p38 MAPK signaling pathway and promotes IL-8 release in basophils of healthy donors, while FcεRI-mediated LCT4 and histamine secretion is not affected. Strikingly, in the presence of IL-3, IL-1β shows more potency than IL-33, as evidenced by the enhanced p38 phosphorylation and NF-κB activation, as well as the release of both IL-13 and IL-8. We found that the enhanced basophil responsiveness is achieved through IL-3-induced IL-1RI surface expression. Importantly, basophils of allergic donors release significantly higher amounts of IL-8 compared to those from healthy donors upon IL-33 and IL-1β stimulation. Consistently, we detected increased IL-1RI and decreased IL-3 receptor alpha-chain (CD123) and CCR3 expression on basophils of allergic subjects compared to healthy controls, suggesting an in vivo IL-3 priming in allergic donors. In summary, our results suggest enhanced sensitivity of basophils toward IL-33 and IL-1β in allergic subjects compared to those from healthy controls.
Errors in a Response Rate and in Effect Sizes in Study of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Alan K. Davis, Roland R. Griffiths
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Grandmaternal smoking, asthma and lung function in the offspring: the Lifelines cohort study
Authors: Gillian M Mahon, Gerard H Koppelman, Judith M Vonk
Journal: Thorax (2021)

Background/objective Limited research exists regarding the association between grandmaternal smoking during pregnancy and the risk for asthma and altered lung function in grandchildren. This study aimed to investigate this association in a three-generation design. Methods 37 291 participants (25 747 adults and 11 544 children) were included from the Lifelines study, a prospective longitudinal three generation cohort study in The Netherlands. Spirometry was available in 69.5% and 61.1% of the included adults and children. Logistic and linear regression were used to analyse the association between grandmaternal smoking during pregnancy and (1) asthma, (2) early childhood asthma (ie, onset before 6 years) and (3) lung function level. Maternal and paternal grandmaternal smoking were studied separately and the analyses were stratified by adult/child and by gender. The analyses were adjusted for gender, current smoking, birth variables and socioeconomic status. Results In the adult population, maternal grandmaternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with a higher risk for asthma (OR (95% CI): 1.38 (1.06 to 1.79)), early childhood asthma (1.49 (95% CI 1.06 to 2.11)) and a lower FEV1/FVC% predicted (B (95% CI): −1.04 (−1.91 to −0.16) in men. These findings were not observed in a separate analysis of children that participated in this study. There was also no significant association between paternal grandmaternal smoking and asthma/lung function. Conclusion Maternal grandmaternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with higher asthma risk and lower lung function in male grandchildren and a reverse effect in male grandchildren of subsequent generations. Our study highlights the deep-rooted effects of tobacco smoking across generations.
Dopamine Receptor Antagonists, Radiation, and Cholesterol Biosynthesis in Mouse Models of Glioblastoma
Authors: Kruttika Bhat, Mohammad Saki, Fei Cheng, Ling He, Le Zhang, Angeliki Ioannidis, David Nathanson, Jonathan Tsang, Steven J Bensinger, Phioanh Leia Nghiemphu, Timothy F Cloughesy, Linda M Liau, Harley I Kornblum, Frank Pajonk
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2021)

Glioblastoma is the deadliest brain tumor in adults, and the standard of care consists of surgery followed by radiation and treatment with temozolomide. Overall survival times for patients suffering from glioblastoma are unacceptably low indicating an unmet need for novel treatment options.Using patient-derived HK-157, HK-308, HK-374, and HK-382 glioblastoma lines, the GL261 orthotopic mouse models of glioblastoma, and HK-374 patient-derived orthotopic xenografts, we tested the effect of radiation and the dopamine receptor antagonist quetiapine on glioblastoma self-renewal in vitro and survival in vivo. A possible resistance mechanism was investigated using RNA-sequencing. The blood-brain-barrier-penetrating statin atorvastatin was used to overcome this resistance mechanism. All statistical tests were 2-sided.Treatment of glioma cells with the dopamine receptor antagonist quetiapine reduced glioma cell self-renewal in vitro, and combined treatment of mice with quetiapine and radiation prolonged the survival of glioma-bearing mice. The combined treatment induced the expression of genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis. This rendered GL261 and HK-374 orthotopic tumors vulnerable to simultaneous treatment with atorvastatin and further statistically significantly prolonged the survival of C57BL/6 (n = 10 to 16 mice per group; median survival not reached; log-rank test, P < .001) and NOD Scid gamma mice (n = 8 to 21 mice per group; hazard ratio = 3.96, 95% confidence interval = 0.29 to 12.40; log-rank test, P < .001), respectively.Our results indicate promising therapeutic efficacy with the triple combination of quetiapine, atorvastatin, and radiation treatment against glioblastoma without increasing the toxicity of radiation. With both drugs readily available for clinical use, our study could be rapidly translated into a clinical trial.
Nebulized MIDD0301 is Efficacious in Allergic and Microbial Lung Inflammation Models
Authors: Leggy Arnold, Brandon Mikulsky, M. S. Rashid Roni, Daniel Knutson, Md Yeunus Mian, Gene Yocum, Charles Emala, Nicolas Zahn, Daniel Webb, James Cook, Douglas Stafford
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2021)
Waiting in healthcare: the time to act might be later
Authors: Lisa Baraitser, Jocelyn Catty, Laura Salisbury, Kelechi Anucha, Stephanie Davies, Michael J Flexer, Martin D Moore, Jordan Osserman
Journal: BMJ (2021)

As an interdisciplinary research group exploring time and waiting in healthcare, we were interested to read the recent pseudo-systematic review by Ford and colleagues,1 which investigated studies claiming: “The time to act is now.”

This humorous piece has some interesting serious resonances with our own project, Waiting Times (Wellcome Trust 205400/A/16/Z), which explores what it means to wait within healthcare beyond perennial and understandable concerns with waiting lists. We examine …
RGD-expressed bacterial membrane-derived nanovesicles enhance cancer therapy <i>via</i> multiple tumorous targeting
Authors: Jin Gao, Sihan Wang, Xinyue Dong, Zhenjia Wang
Journal: Theranostics (2021)

Background: A tumor microenvironment is a complicated multicellular system comprised of tumor cells, immune cells and blood vessels. Blood vessels are the barriers for drug tissue penetration. Effectively treating a cancer requires drug delivery systems to overcome biological barriers present in tumor microenvironments (TMEs). Methods: We designed a drug delivery system made of bacterial (Escherichia coli) double layer membrane-derived nanovesicles (DMVs) with the expression of RGD peptides and endogenous targeting ligands of bacteria. The physical and biological characteristics of DMVs were assessed by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, western blotting, flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Doxorubicin (DOX) was loaded in DMVs via a pH gradient driven drug loading method. Therapeutical effects of DOX-loaded DMVs were studied in a melanoma xenograft mouse model. Results:In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that DMVs can target neutrophils and monocytes that mediated the transport of DMVs across blood vessel barriers and they can also directly target tumor vasculature and tumor cells, resulting in enhanced delivery of therapeutics to TMEs. Furthermore, we developed a remote drug loading approach to efficiently encapsulate DOX inside DMVs, and the drug loading was 12% (w/w). In the B16-F10 melanoma mouse model, we showed that DOX-RGD-DMVs significantly inhibited the tumor growth compared to several controls. Conclusion: Our studies reveal that DMVs are a powerful tool to simultaneously target multiple cells in TMEs, thus increasing drug delivery for improved cancer therapies.
Association of Elevated Serum Ferritin Levels and the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnant Women
Authors: Xinhua Chen, Theresa O. Scholl, T. Peter Stein
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

OBJECTIVE— We examined the influence of a moderately elevated serum ferritin level at entry to care on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and a possible mechanism (increased iron stores versus inflammation). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— In a prospective observational study with 1,456 healthy pregnant women in Camden, New Jersey, serum ferritin and anthropometric measurements were determined. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration was measured in a nested case-control study of 172 subjects. RESULTS— Women who developed GDM had a higher concentration of serum ferritin than women who did not develop GDM (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Elevated serum ferritin level (highest quintile) was significantly and positively correlated with prepregnant BMI and skinfold measurements. Women in the highest quintile of serum ferritin had a twofold increased risk of developing GDM adjusted for several known risk factors (adjusted odds ratio, 2.02 [95% CI 1.04–3.92], P &amp;lt; 0.05). Similar results were obtained with a nested case-control study, in which women in the highest tertile of serum ferritin (2.35 [1.06–5.22], P &amp;lt; 0.05) or CRP (2.67 [1.16–6.17], P &amp;lt; 0.001) had a greater than twofold increased risk of GDM. However, these effects were modified and became nonstatistically significant after additional adjustment for prepregnant BMI. CONCLUSIONS— Elevated serum ferritin concentrations early in gestation are associated with an increased risk of GDM. The association, at least in part, is mediated by the maternal fat mass and obesity. These data suggest a possible link between elevated serum ferritin and low-grade inflammation.
Intrusive Traumatic Reexperiencing: Pathognomonic of the Psychological Response to Traumatic Stress
Authors: Yair Bar-Haim, Murray B. Stein, Richard A. Bryant, Paul D. Bliese, Ariel Ben Yehuda, Morten L. Kringelbach, Sonia Jain, Orrie Dan, Amit Lazarov, Ilan Wald, Ofir Levi, Yuval Neria, Daniel S. Pine
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2021)
Distinct organization of adaptive immunity in the long-lived rodent Spalax galili
Authors: M. Izraelson, M. Metsger, A. N. Davydov, I. A. Shagina, M. A. Dronina, A. S. Obraztsova, D. A. Miskevich, I. Z. Mamedov, L. N. Volchkova, T. O. Nakonechnaya, M. Shugay, D. A. Bolotin, D. B. Staroverov, G. V. Sharonov, E. Y. Kondratyuk, E. V. Zagaynova, S. Lukyanov, I. Shams, O. V. Britanova, D. M. Chudakov
Journal: Nature Aging (2021)
Using molecular testing and whole-genome sequencing for tuberculosis diagnosis in a low-burden setting: a cost-effectiveness analysis using transmission-dynamic modelling
Authors: Tendai Mugwagwa, Ibrahim Abubakar, Peter J White
Journal: Thorax (2021)

Background Despite progress in TB control in low-burden countries like England and Wales, there are still diagnostic delays. Molecular testing and/or whole-genome sequencing (WGS) provide more rapid diagnosis but their cost-effectiveness is relatively unexplored in low-burden settings. Methods An integrated transmission-dynamic health economic model is used to assess the cost-effectiveness of using WGS to replace culture-based drug-sensitivity testing, versus using molecular testing versus combined use of WGS and molecular testing, for routine TB diagnosis. The model accounts for the effects of faster appropriate treatment in reducing transmission, benefiting health and reducing future treatment costs. Cost-effectiveness is assessed using incremental net benefit (INB) over a 10-year horizon with a quality-adjusted life-year valued at £20 000, and discounting at 3.5% per year. Results WGS shortens the time to drug sensitivity testing and treatment modification where necessary, reducing treatment and hospitalisation costs, with an INB of £7.1 million. Molecular testing shortens the time to TB diagnosis and treatment. Initially, this causes an increase in annual costs of treatment, but averting transmissions and future active TB disease subsequently, resulting in cost savings and health benefits to achieve an INB of £8.6 million (GeneXpert MTB/RIF) or £11.1 million (Xpert-Ultra). Combined use of Xpert-Ultra and WGS is the optimal strategy we consider, with an INB of £16.5 million. Conclusion Routine use of WGS or molecular testing is cost-effective in a low-burden setting, and combined use is the most cost-effective option. Adoption of these technologies can help low-burden countries meet the WHO End TB Strategy milestones, particularly the UK, which still has relatively high TB rates.
Myeloid malignancies with 5q and 7q deletions are associated with extreme genomic complexity, biallelic TP53 variants, and very poor prognosis
Authors: Beth A. Pitel, Neeraj Sharma, Cinthya Zepeda-Mendoza, James B. Smadbeck, Kathryn E. Pearce, Joselle M. Cook, George Vasmatzis, Zohar Sachs, Rashmi Kanagal-Shamanna, David Viswanatha, Sheng Xiao, Robert B. Jenkins, Xinjie Xu, Nicole L. Hoppman, Rhett P. Ketterling, Jess F. Peterson, Patricia T. Greipp, Linda B. Baughn
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2021)
Transcriptional Features of TH1, TH2, and TH17 priming migratory dendritic cells – a common role for CXCR5 and Chi3l1
Authors: Miranda Curtiss, Natalia Ballesteros Benavides, Beatriz Leon-Ruiz, Alexander Rosenberg, Chris Scharer, Travis Ptacek, Casey Weaver, Troy Randall, Frances Lund
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2021)
Outpatient Dietary Management of Electrolyte Disorders During COVID-19
Authors: Yuenting Diana Kwong, Kathleen D. Liu, Lowell J. Lo
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2021)

Outpatient Dietary Management of Electrolyte Disorders During COVID-19 Food as Medicine"What should I eat?" is one of most common questions patients ask in the clinical setting.Patients with diabetes are asked to adhere to a low-carbohydrate diet, while patients with hypertension should consume a lowsalt diet.But truthfully, the process of calculating the milliequivalents (mEq) of each food element is tedious and often not feasible.In this essay we describe a 97year-old patient who learned to titrate condensed chicken soup like a medicine during the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Without a doubt, this nonagenarian is a woman of great courage and wit.She first presented to the University of California, San Francisco, Nephrology and Hypertension clinic 2 years ago seeking guidance for hyponatremia management.At the age of 87 years, she had undergone a 3-vessel coronary artery bypass graft with residual reduced ejection fraction congestive heart failure.At the age of 94 years, she underwent a partial colectomy and en bloc resection of a 9-cm recurrent gastrointestinal stromal tumor.Unfortunately, for some time thereafter, she was hospitalized almost once every 2 months for heart failure exacerbations followed by hypovolemia-related hyponatremia.Eventually, her hospitalizations decreased from 6 per year to 2 per year, as she was prescribed sodium citrate-citric acid for the mild metabolic acidosis she experienced from chronic kidney disease.This both treated her acidosis and provided additional sodium content for her hyponatremia.To manage her narrow window of euvolemia, she took furosemide whenever she was above a specific weight threshold, and her laboratory tests were checked at least once a month.However, even a minor episode of gastric reflux could tip her over into hypovolemic hyponatremia despite withholding diuretics.During one of her most recent hospitalizations, her intravenous catheter had infiltrated, leading to compartment syndrome requiring surgery.Consequently, she developed a healthy fear of the hospital, which was further exacerbated by the COVID-19 shelter-in-place order implemented in the spring of 2020.In mid-April, her family called regarding her poor appetite.She was otherwise asymptomatic during her video visits, and they reported stable vital signs.Laboratory tests showed a decrease in her sodium level from 128 mEq/L to 123 mEq/L, while her creatinine level had risen from 0.92 mg/dL to 1.02 mg/dL.Her daily weights were drifting down.To better examine her volume status, we asked her to come to the clinic.Citing fears of contracting COVID-19, she refused the in-person visit.However, she reminded us that she still had cans of condensed chicken soup, which we had recommended she consume if her appetite was poor.
Characteristics and Mechanisms of a Sphingolipid-associated Childhood Asthma Endotype
Authors: Daniela Rago, Casper-Emil T. Pedersen, Mengna Huang, Rachel S. Kelly, Gözde Gürdeniz, Nicklas Brustad, Hanna Knihtilä, Kathleen A. Lee-Sarwar, Andréanne Morin, Morten A. Rasmussen, Jakob Stokholm, Klaus Bønnelykke, Augusto A. Litonjua, Craig E. Wheelock, Scott T. Weiss, Jessica Lasky-Su, Hans Bisgaard, Bo L. Chawes
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2021)

Rationale: A link among sphingolipids, 17q21 genetic variants, and childhood asthma has been suggested, but the underlying mechanisms and characteristics of such an asthma endotype remain to be elucidated.Objectives: To study the sphingolipid-associated childhood asthma endotype using multiomic data.Methods: We used untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry plasma metabolomic profiles at the ages of 6 months and 6 years from more than 500 children in the COPSAC2010 (Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood) birth cohort focusing on sphingolipids, and we integrated the 17q21 genotype and nasal gene expression of SPT (serine palmitoyl-CoA transferase) (i.e., the rate-limiting enzyme in de novo sphingolipid synthesis) in relation to asthma development and lung function traits from infancy until the age 6 years. Replication was sought in the independent VDAART (Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial) cohort.Measurements and Main Results: Lower concentrations of ceramides and sphingomyelins at the age of 6 months were associated with an increased risk of developing asthma before age 3, which was also observed in VDAART. At the age of 6 years, lower concentrations of key phosphosphingolipids (e.g., sphinganine-1-phosphate) were associated with increased airway resistance. This relationship was dependent on the 17q21 genotype and nasal SPT gene expression, with significant interactions occurring between the genotype and the phosphosphingolipid concentrations and between the genotype and SPT expression, in which lower phosphosphingolipid concentrations and reduced SPT expression were associated with increasing numbers of at-risk alleles. However, the findings did not pass the false discovery rate threshold of <0.05.Conclusions: This exploratory study suggests the existence of a childhood asthma endotype with early onset and increased airway resistance that is characterized by reduced sphingolipid concentrations, which are associated with 17q21 genetic variants and expression of the SPT enzyme.
Development and deployment of COVID-19 vaccines for those most vulnerable
Authors: Wayne C. Koff, Theodore Schenkelberg, Tere Williams, Ralph S. Baric, Adrian McDermott, Cheryl M. Cameron, Mark J. Cameron, Matthew B. Friemann, Gabriele Neumann, Yoshihiro Kawaoka, Alyson A. Kelvin, Ted M. Ross, Stacey Schultz-Cherry, Timothy D. Mastro, Frances H. Priddy, Kristine A. Moore, Julia T. Ostrowsky, Michael T. Osterholm, Jaap Goudsmit
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2021)

Ensuring that COVID-19 vaccines are delivered to older populations and those living in low resource settings is essential to end the pandemic.