tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cancer risk in severe alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency
Authors: Adriana-Maria Hiller, Magnus Ekström, Eeva Piitulainen, Anne Lindberg, Eva Rönmark, Hanan Tanash
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2022)

Background Severe alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD), phenotype PiZZ, is a risk factor for pulmonary emphysema and liver disease, but its effect on cancer risk is unknown. Our aim was to evaluate the risk and the risk factors for incident cancer in PiZZ individuals compared with the general population with known smoking habits. Methods A longitudinal study of PiZZ individuals (n=1595) from the Swedish National AATD Register, and controls (n=5999) from Swedish population-based cohorts. Data on cancer and mortality were obtained by cross-linkage with national registers. Individuals who had undergone lung transplantation (n=10) and those with a cancer diagnosis within 5 years prior to inclusion (n=63) were excluded. The risk factors for developing cancer were analysed using proportional hazards and Fine–Gray regression models, adjusting for age, sex, smoking habits and the presence of liver disease. Results The median follow-up time was 17 years (interquartile range 11 years) for the whole study population. The incidence rates of hepatic and non-hepatic cancer per 1000 person-years were 1.6 (95% CI 1.1–2.3) and 8.5 (95% CI 7.2–10.0), respectively, for the PiZZ individuals, and 0.1 (95% CI 0.04–0.2) and 6.6 (95% CI 6.0–7.1), respectively, for the controls. The adjusted hazard ratios for hepatic and for non-hepatic cancer were 23.4 (95% CI 9.9–55.4) and 1.3 (95% CI 1.1–1.5), respectively, in the PiZZ individuals compared with the controls. Conclusion These results suggest that individuals with severe AATD may have an increased risk of developing both hepatic and non-hepatic cancer, compared with the general population.
Assessment of Pulmonary Vascular Disease: Pulmonary Vascular Resistance, Exercise Hemodynamics, and Ventriculovascular Coupling
Authors: Adam S. Przebinda, Ahel El Haj Chehade, Samid M. Farooqui, Houssein A. Youness, Roberto J. Bernardo
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2022)

"Assessment of Pulmonary Vascular Disease: Pulmonary Vascular Resistance, Exercise Hemodynamics, and Ventriculovascular Coupling." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 205(11), p. 1349
ANOMALOUS LEFT CORONARY ARTERY ARISING FROM THE PULMONARY ARTERY (ALCAPA) WITH AN INTRAMURAL AORTIC COURSE: A RARE VARIANT OF A RARE ANOMALY PRESENTS AN IMAGING CHALLENGE
Authors: David Harrison, David Kane, Sitaram M. Emani, Stephen Sanders, Thomas A. Miller, Gerald Marx
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Suicidality in autistic youth: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: L. O'Halloran, P. Coey, C. Wilson
Journal: Clinical Psychology Review (2022)

Suicidality in autistic youth is a major public health issue. This study aimed to determine global prevalence of, and risk/protective factors for suicidality in autistic youth via systematic review and meta-analysis. We systematically searched Embase, PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and the Cochrane library for studies from inception to November 22nd, 2021. We selected empirical studies reporting on suicide outcomes (i.e., ideation, behaviors, attempts and deaths) in autistic youth (≤25 years). Random effects models were used to estimate the pooled prevalence of suicide outcomes with 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity was investigated with potential moderators using meta-regression analyses. The final selection included 47 papers, 29 of which were included in meta-analyses and 37 were narratively synthesized (sociodemographic, psychiatric, psychological, other factors, and interventions). The pooled prevalence of suicidal ideation was 25.2% (95% CI 18.2-33.8; i.e., one in four), suicide attempts 8.3% (3.6-18.2), and suicide deaths 0.2% (0.05-0.52). Estimates in self-reports were higher than in parent-reports. Age was a significant but inconsistent moderator on suicide outcomes, but substantial heterogeneity remained. Adverse childhood experiences were strong risk factors for suicidality, while resilience was protective. Participatory suicide risk-assessment, early intervention, and resilience promotion should be primary clinical/research goals.
Upconversion nanoparticles regulated drug &amp; gas dual-effective nanoplatform for the targeting cooperated therapy of thrombus and anticoagulation
Authors: Shichen Liu, Yao Sun, Teng Zhang, Longtao Cao, Zhiwei Zhong, Haoxin Cheng, Qingqing Wang, Zhuang Qiu, Weimin Zhou, Xiaolei Wang
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2022)

Thromboembolism is the leading cause of cardiovascular mortality. Currently, for the lack of targeting, short half-life, low bioavailability and high bleeding risk of the classical thrombolytic drugs, pharmacological thrombolysis is usually a slow process based on micro-pumping. In addition, frequently monitoring and regulating coagulation functions are also required during (and after) the process of thrombolysis. To address these issues, a targeted thrombolytic and anticoagulation nanoplatform (UCATS-UK) is developed based on upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) that can convert 808 or 980 nm near-infrared (NIR) light into UV/blue light. This nanoplatform can target and enrich in the thrombus site. Synergistic thrombolysis and anticoagulation therapy thus could be realized through the controlled release of urokinase (UK) and nitric oxide (NO). Both in vitro and in vivo experiments have confirmed the excellent thrombolytic and anticoagulative capabilities of this multifunctional nanoplatform. Combined with the unique fluorescent imaging capability of UCNPs, this work is expected to contribute to the development of clinical thrombolysis therapy towards an integrated system of imaging, diagnosis and treatment.
SARS-CoV-2 positivity in offspring and timing of mother-to-child transmission: living systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: John Allotey, Tania Kew, Silvia Fernández-García, Andrea Gaetano-Gil, Magnus Yap, Jameela Sheikh, Megan Littmoden, Oluwadamilola Akande, Halimah Khalil, Maurie Kumaran, Kathryn Barry, Shruti Attarde, Dharshini Sambamoorthi, Anoushka Ramkumar, Heidi Lawson, Millie Manning, Sophie Maddock, Ankita Gupta, Meghnaa Hebbar, Alya Khashaba, Kehkashan Ansari, Adeolu Banjoko, Kate Walker, Keelin O’Donoghue, Madelon van Wely, Elizabeth van Leeuwen, Elena Kostova, Heinke Kunst, Asma Khalil, Vanessa Brizuela, Edna Kara, Caron Rahn Kim, Anna Thorson, Olufemi T Oladapo, Javier Zamora, Mercedes Bonet, Lynne Mofenson, Shakila Thangaratinam
Journal: BMJ (2022)

To assess the rates of SARS-CoV-2 positivity in babies born to mothers with SARS-CoV-2 infection, the timing of mother-to-child transmission and perinatal outcomes, and factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 status in offspring.
TRANSENDOSCOPIC RETROGRADE HEPATODUODENAL LYMPHATIC EMBOLIZATION AS A TREATMENT FOR PROTEIN LOSING ENTEROPATHY IN PATIENTS WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE
Authors: Maxim Itkin, Erin A. Teeple, Ellen L. Spurrier, Shubhika Srivastava, Deborah A. Rabinowitz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Abstract P1-02-01: Deep learning identifies morphological changes in whole slide images of treatment-resistant TNBC
Authors: Ali Foroughi Pour, Te-Chia Wu, Jan Martinek, Swarup Kumar, Tobias Anzeneder, Stephanie Torkler, Franziska Sommermeyer, Karolina Palucka, Jeffrey Chuang
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

Abstract Deep learning has become an important methodology for analyzing hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) stained whole slide images (WSIs), with high accuracy in detecting tumors, distinguishing cancer subtypes, and stratifying patients by survival risk in certain cancers [1,2,3]. However, machine-learning based evaluations of post-treatment tumors have been limited, e.g. focusing on user-defined features such as cellularity [4] rather than data-driven approaches. We analyzed 80 WSIs to determine if treatment-naïve TNBC, treatment-resistant TNBC, and treatment resistant growth factor and hormone receptor expressing tumors could be distinguished from each other (36 treatment naïve TNBC, 25 resistant TNBC, and 19 resistant non-TNBC WSIs corresponding to 31, 22, and 16 patients, respectively). All resistant patients received chemotherapy, except for one ER+ patient who only received medication to block hormone production. Our deep learning image-based models were able to separate treatment naive and treatment resistant TNBC tumors with high accuracy (AUC=0.85). We further developed a 3-way classifier that was able to distinguish resistant non-TNBC tumors from TNBC treatment-resistant and treatment-naïve samples (AUC=0.74). Removing deep learning features differentiating between TNBC and non-TNBC resistant samples, we find treatment-naïve and resistant samples can be separated irrespective of breast cancer subtype (AUC=0.77). Our results show that post chemotherapy, breast tumors are morphologically distinguishable by machine learning methods from treatment naïve tumors. While some treatment-related morphological changes are present across subtypes, some are unique to TNBC. References:[1] Noorbakhsh, Javad, et al. "Deep learning-based cross-classifications reveal conserved spatial behaviors within tumor histological images." Nature communications 11.1 (2020): 1-14.[2] Wulczyn, Ellery, et al. "Interpretable survival prediction for colorectal cancer using deep learning." NPJ digital medicine 4.1 (2021): 1-13.[3] Cui, Lei, et al. "A deep learning-based framework for lung cancer survival analysis with biomarker interpretation." BMC bioinformatics 21.1 (2020): 1-14.[4] Peikari, Mohammad, et al. "Automatic cellularity assessment from post-treated breast surgical specimens." Cytometry Part A 91.11 (2017): 1078-1087. Citation Format: Ali Foroughi Pour, Te-Chia Wu, Jan Martinek, Swarup Kumar, Tobias Anzeneder, Stephanie Torkler, Franziska Sommermeyer, Karolina Palucka, Jeffrey Chuang. Deep learning identifies morphological changes in whole slide images of treatment-resistant TNBC [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-02-01.
Smart toilets for monitoring COVID-19 surges: passive diagnostics and public health
Authors: T. Jessie Ge, Carmel T. Chan, Brian J. Lee, Joseph C. Liao, Seung-min Park
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2022)

Continued COVID-19 surges have highlighted the need for widespread testing in addition to vaccination for disease containment. SARS-COV-2 RNA can be found in faecal matter, making human stool another potential source for COVID-19 diagnostics. In this commentary, we highlight potential strategies to use a smart toilet platform to passively monitor COVID-19 surges, enabling earlier detection of infected individuals and promoting public health.
Public communication about public health where we really need to go
Authors: Megan L. Ranney, Stefanie Friedhoff
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2022)

Communication is a key part of the practice of public health and is a core competency required to be taught by schools of public health across the United States 1 .Part of this competency is the precept that communications about public health crises should be designed and delivered in a way that maintains trust and social cohesion, shares evolving science, and builds a broad base of support for measures that can save lives and livelihoods 2 .During the COVID-19 pandemic, however, our world has faced unprecedented communications challenges, ranging from new communication modalities (like social media and other online media) to dramatically increased speed of knowledge creation and dissemination, to intentional campaigns of mis-and disinformation.A complex set of factors including politicization, distrust, division, and obfuscation-as well as basic errors in public health messaging-have occurred 3 .The public's willingness to follow basic tenets of infection prevention and mitigation is at risk.To do better in the future, we must rigorously evaluate the quality, quantity, and efficacy of public health communication during the COVID-19 pandemic."The Language of Crisis: Spatiotemporal Effects of COVID-19 pandemic dynamics on health crisis communications by political leaders," by Benjamin J. Mandl and Ben Y. Reis provides an important, but very preliminary, step at looking at the connections between public health communications by political leaders and public health outcomes 4 .The Mandl and Ries paper used transcripts of governors' speeches over a limited time frame (March-June 2020) to examine correlations between speech characteristics and COVID-19 rates.They applied basic natural language processing techniques to identify semantic categories and sentiments, and then correlated these language characteristics with COVID-19 case counts, both across space (across states) and across time (within states).Their work yields some interesting insights.First, during the earliest wave of the pandemic, governors' speech patterns became simpler and more negative as COVID-19 cases increased.Higher COVID volumes also correlated with higher likelihood of governors' using language about hospitals, prohibitions or policies, and religion.This finding is intellectually interesting, but not particularly informative for politicians, researchers, or communicators.Second, high COVID volumes did not correlate with sentiments of helpfulness or community, nor with word patterns that discuss preventive measures.Indeed, governors' language became more impersonal and less empowering as the crisis worsened: they increasingly spoke about "what is government doing for you" rather
EFFECTS OF ELEVATED TROPONIN ON MORTALITY IN HOSPITALIZED COVID-19 PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Yi Zhao, Mujahed Abualfoul, Victor Canela, Lawrence M. Hoang, Sri Naga Pavani Prathivada, Michael Vu, Lucas Wang, Priyanka Acharya, Manavjot Singh Sidhu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Gut microbiome correlates of response and toxicity following anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy
Authors: Melody Smith, Anqi Dai, Guido Ghilardi, Kimberly V. Amelsberg, Sean M. Devlin, Raymone Pajarillo, John B. Slingerland, Silvia Beghi, Pamela S. Herrera, Paul Giardina, Annelie Clurman, Emmanuel Dwomoh, Gabriel Armijo, Antonio L. C. Gomes, Eric R. Littmann, Jonas Schluter, Emily Fontana, Ying Taur, Jae H. Park, Maria Lia Palomba, Elizabeth Halton, Josel Ruiz, Tania Jain, Martina Pennisi, Aishat Olaide Afuye, Miguel-Angel Perales, Craig W. Freyer, Alfred Garfall, Shannon Gier, Sunita Nasta, Daniel Landsburg, James Gerson, Jakub Svoboda, Justin Cross, Elise A. Chong, Sergio Giralt, Saar I. Gill, Isabelle Riviere, David L. Porter, Stephen J. Schuster, Michel Sadelain, Noelle Frey, Renier J. Brentjens, Carl H. June, Eric G. Pamer, Jonathan U. Peled, Andrea Facciabene, Marcel R. M. van den Brink, Marco Ruella
Journal: Nature Medicine (2022)
INCREASING DURATION OF STATIN THERAPY IS ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH CORONARY ARTERY CALCIUM SCORE
Authors: Kyari Sumayin Ngamdu, Dhairyasheel Ghosalkar, Hojune Chung, Cadence Lee, Tiffany Ho, Alice Chu, Muhammad Baig, Wen-Chih Wu, Gaurav Choudhary, Alan Morrison
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Phase 2 study of oral thalidomide-cyclophosphamide-dexamethasone for recurrent/refractory adult Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Authors: Ji-nuo Wang, Ting Liu, Ai-lin Zhao, Bo-ju Pan, Jian Sun, Jian Li, Dao-bin Zhou, Xin-xin Cao, Ming-hui Duan
Journal: Leukemia (2022)
Prevention of disease flares by risk-adapted stratification of therapy withdrawal in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: results from the PREVENT-JIA trial
Authors: Joachim Gerss, Monika Tedy, Ariane Klein, Gerd Horneff, Maria Miranda-Garcia, Christoph Kessel, Dirk Holzinger, Valda Stanevica, Joost F Swart, David A Cabral, Hermine I Brunner, Dirk Foell
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2022)

To investigate the ability of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and S100A12 to serve as predictive biomarkers of successful drug withdrawal in children with clinical remission of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).This multicentre trial (PREVENT-JIA) enrolled 119 patients with JIA in clinical remission, and 100 patients reached the intervention phase in which the decision whether to continue or stop treatment was based on S100A12 and hsCRP levels. Patients were monitored for 12 months after stopping medication for flares of disease. Results were compared with withdrawal of therapy without biomarker-based stratification in patients from the German Biologika in der Kinderrheumatologie (BiKeR) pharmacovigilance registry.In the PREVENT-JIA group, 49 patients had a flare, and 45% of patients stopping medication showed flares within the following 12 months. All patients (n=8) continuing therapy due to permanently elevated S100A12/hsCRP at more than one visit flared during the observation phase. In the BiKeR control group, the total flare rate was 62%, with 60% flaring after stopping medication. The primary outcome, time from therapy withdrawal to first flare (cumulative flare rate after therapy withdrawal), showed a significant difference in favour of the PREVENT-JIA group (p=0.046; HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.99). As additional finding, patients in the PREVENT-JIA trial stopped therapy significantly earlier.Biomarker-guided strategies of therapy withdrawal are feasible in clinical practice. This study demonstrates that using predictive markers of subclinical inflammation is a promising tool in the decision-making process of therapy withdrawal, which translates into direct benefit for patients.ISRCTN69963079.
Treatment algorithm for Kimura's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of treatment modalities and prognostic predictors
Authors: Chia-Chen Lee, I-Jung Feng, Yi-Ting Chen, Shi-Feng Weng, Leong-Perng Chan, Chung-Sheng Lai, Sin-Daw Lin, Yur-Ren Kuo
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2022)
CLO22-082: Texture Feature Analysis With C11 Methionine in Glioma on Simultaneous PET/MRI
Authors: Vishnu Sampathkumar, Dinesh Kumar, Nisarga Prasad, Pardeep Kumar Singh, Jitender Saini, Nishanth Sadhashiv, Uday Krishna, Chandana Nagaraj
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2022)
LESION LENGTH AS AN INDEPENDENT PREDICTOR FOR DRUG ELUTING BALLOON OUTCOMES IN IN-STENT RESTENOSIS
Authors: Kyle Murnaghan, Osama Elkhateeb, Helen Bishop, Ata Quraishi, Huessein Beydoun, Cathy Kells, Bakhitar Kidwai, Lawrence Title
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
RACIAL DISPARITIES IN ACCESS TO HIGH VOLUME TRANSCATHETER MITRAL VALVE REPAIR CENTERS
Authors: Diala Steitieh, Alyssa Zaidi, Shirley Xu, Jim W. Cheung, Dmitriy N. Feldman, Mark Reisman, Krista Vadaketh, Tracy Kathryn Paul, Harsimran S. Singh, Geoffrey Bergman, Sonal Mallya, Robert M. Minutello, Shing-Chiu Wong, Nivee P. Amin, Luke Kim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Innate PD-L1 limits T cell–mediated adipose tissue inflammation and ameliorates diet-induced obesity
Authors: Christian Schwartz, Viviane Schmidt, Andrea Deinzer, Heike C. Hawerkamp, Emily Hams, Jasmin Bayerlein, Ole Röger, Moritz Bailer, Christian Krautz, Amr El Gendy, Moustafa Elshafei, Helen M. Heneghan, Andrew E. Hogan, Donal O’Shea, Padraic G. Fallon
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2022)

Obesity has become a major health problem in the industrialized world. Immune regulation plays an important role in adipose tissue homeostasis; however, the initial events that shift the balance from a noninflammatory homeostatic environment toward inflammation leading to obesity are poorly understood. Here, we report a role for the costimulatory molecule programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in the limitation of diet-induced obesity. Functional ablation of PD-L1 on dendritic cells (DCs) using conditional knockout mice increased weight gain and metabolic syndrome during diet-induced obesity, whereas PD-L1 expression on type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), T cells, and macrophages was dispensable for obesity control. Using in vitro cocultures, DCs interacted with T cells and ILC2s via the PD-L1:PD-1 axis to inhibit T helper type 1 proliferation and promote type 2 polarization, respectively. A role for PD-L1 in adipose tissue regulation was also shown in humans, with a positive correlation between PD-L1 expression in visceral fat of people with obesity and elevated body weight. Thus, we define a mechanism of adipose tissue homeostasis controlled by the expression of PD-L1 by DCs, which may be a clinically relevant finding with regard to immune-related adverse events during immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
Abstract ES5-3: Management of special subtypes of TNBC
Authors: A Thomas
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

Abstract Less common subtypes of triple-negative breast cancer encompass a heterogeneous group of cancers some of which are rare and others which are ultra-rare. Given the high prevalence of breast cancer, less common TNBC subtypes can be encountered with some frequency in clinical practice. These subtypes, which include, metaplastic, medullary, apocrine, mucoepidermoid, secretory, and adenoid cystic breast cancer, have diverse histologies, molecular profiles, and prognoses. This educational discussion will review the distinct features of less common triple-negative breast cancers and will address how these impact current, as well as possible future, management strategies. Possible clinical trial approaches to further understand and better treat special subtypes of TNBC will also be discussed. Citation Format: A Thomas. Management of special subtypes of TNBC [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr ES5-3.
Inferior humoral and sustained cellular immunity against wild-type and omicron variant of concern in hemodialysis patients immunized with 3 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine doses compared with 4 doses
Authors: Okan Cinkilic, Moritz Anft, Arturo Blazquez-Navarro, Toni L. Meister, Toralf Roch, Ulrik Stervbo, Stephanie Pfaender, Timm H. Westhoff, Nina Babel
Journal: Kidney International (2022)
EMPAGLIFLOZIN IN PATIENTS HOSPITALIZED FOR DE NOVO VERSUS DECOMPENSATED CHRONIC HEART FAILURE: INSIGHTS FROM THE EMPULSE TRIAL
Authors: Christiane E. Angermann, Adriaan Voors, Sean P. Collins, Mikhail Kosiborod, Jan Biegus, Joao Pedro Ferreira, Michael Nassif, Mitchell Psotka, Jasper Tromp, Jonathan Blatchford, Afshin Salsali, Bettina Kraus, Piotr Ponikowski, John R. Teerlink
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)