tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
UNOS Down-Staging Criteria for Liver Transplantation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 25 Studies
Authors: Darren Jun Hao Tan, Wen.Hui Lim, Jie Ning Yong, Cheng Han Ng, Mark D. Muthiah, Eunice X. Tan, Jieling Xiao, Snow Yunni Lim, Ansel Shao Pin Tang, Xin Hui Pan, Tousif Kabir, Glenn K. Bonney, Raghav Sundar, Nicholas Syn, Beom Kyung Kim, Yock Young Dan, Mazen Noureddin, Rohit Loomba, Daniel Q. Huang
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2022)
Abstract 17091: High Efficient Therapeutic Genome Editing in Cardiovascular Endotheliumby Nanoparticle Delivery of Crispr Plasmid
Authors: Hua Jin, Xiaojia Huang, Xianming Zhang, Youyang Zhao
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Therapeutic delivery of CRISPR system components to induce in vivo genome editing in postnatal life has great translational potential. Recent studies employing non-viral delivery of small guide RNA (gRNA) and Cas9 mRNA have achieved efficient in vivo genome editing in adult mice. However, as often seen in other RNA therapeutic studies with non-viral delivery of antisense and siRNA, the efficiency is limited to the liver. Hypothesis: Novel nanoparticle can deliver CRISPR system components in vivo to selectively target cardiovascular endothelium in adult mice. Methods: We developed a novel nanoparticles. Mixture of the nanoparticle:plasmid DNA expressing Cas9 under the control of the human CDH5 promoter and gRNA driven by the U6 promoter was administered i.v. to adult mice. Seven to ten days later, various organ tissues were collected for analysis of the efficiency of genomic editing and knockout of protein expression. The phenotype of CRISPR-mediated in vivo knockout of Pik3cg which encodes the G protein-coupled receptor-activated p110gamma isoform of PI3K was compared to Pik3cg null mice in response to sepsis challenge. Results: Therapeutic delivery of nanoparticles loaded with the all-in-one CRISPR plasmid DNA induced highly efficient genome editing in endothelial cells (ECs) of the cardiovascular system including lung, heart, aorta, and peripheral blood vessels in adult mice. The Indel rate was as great as 50% in ECs isolated from these vascular beds. Immunostaining and Western blotting demonstrated greater than 70% decrease of protein expression in cardiovascular endothelial cells. Pik3cg -gRNA-induced genome editing diminished p110γPI3K expression in pulmonary vascular ECs, which led to impaired vascular repair and resolution of inflammation after sepsis challenge as seen in Pik3cg -/- mice. Conclusion: We have developed a simple and highly efficient method for in vivo genome editing selectively in the cardiovascular endothelium. This strategy will greatly facilitate cardiovascular research and may enable therapeutic genome editing for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Readily Available Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Derived From Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Jiesi Luo, Lingfeng Qin, Jinkyu Park, Mehmet H. Kural, Yan Huang, Xiangyu Shi, Muhammad Riaz, Juan Wang, Matthew W. Ellis, Christopher W. Anderson, Yifan Yuan, Yongming Ren, Mervin C. Yoder, George Tellides, Laura E. Niklason, Yibing Qyang
Journal: Circulation Research (2022)
Bioinspired and biomimetic micro- and nanostructures in biomedicine
Authors: Asha P. Johnson, Chinnu Sabu, K.P. Nivitha, Renu Sankar, V.K. Ameena Shirin, T.K. Henna, V.R. Raphey, H.V. Gangadharappa, Sabna Kotta, K. Pramod
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2022)
Critical Roles of Kisspeptin in Female Puberty and Preovulatory Gonadotropin Surges as Revealed by a Novel Antagonist
Authors: R. Pineda, D. Garcia-Galiano, A. Roseweir, M. Romero, M. A. Sanchez-Garrido, F. Ruiz Pino, K. Morgan, L. Pinilla, R. P. Millar, M. Tena-Sempere
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2009)

Methods:In the PROSPER study of 5804 elderly patients, we related C-reactive protein (CRP) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs1800947 and rs1205) and adiposity SNPs (FTO and MC4R) to body mass index (BMI) as well as circulating levels of CRP and leptin.We gave each individual two allele scores ranging from zero to 4, counting each pair of alleles related to CRP levels or BMI.Results: With increasing CRP allele score, there was a stepwise decrease in CRP levels (P for trend Ͻ 0.0001) and a 1.98 mg/liter difference between extremes of the allele score distribution, but there was no associated change in BMI or leptin levels (P Ն 0.89).By contrast, adiposity allele score was associated with 1) an increase in BMI (1.2 kg/m 2 difference between extremes; P for trend 0.002); 2) an increase in circulating leptin (5.77 ng/ml difference between extremes; P for trend 0.0027); and 3) increased CRP levels (1.24 mg/liter difference between extremes; P for trend 0.002).Conclusions: Greater adiposity conferred by FTO and MC4R SNPs led to higher CRP levels, with no evidence for any reverse pathway.Future studies should extend our findings to other circulating inflammatory parameters.This study illustrates the potential power of Mendelian randomization to dissect directions of causality between intercorrelated metabolic factors.
Dysregulated m6A modification promotes lipogenesis and development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yeming Yang, Jingshu Cai, Xue Yang, Kaifang Wang, Kuanxiang Sun, Zhenglin Yang, Lin Zhang, Lu Yang, Chun Gu, Xiang Huang, Ziyan Wang, Xianjun Zhu
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2022)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is associated closely with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by affecting lipid metabolism, which may lead to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation is an important epigenetic regulation for gene expression and is related to HCC development. We developed a new NAFLD model oriented from DM2 mouse, which spontaneously progressed to histological features of NASH, fibrosis, and HCC with high incidence. By RNA sequencing, protein expression and methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP)-qPCR analysis, we found that enhanced expression of ACLY and SCD1 in this NAFLD model and human HCC samples was due to excessive m6A modification, but not elevation of mature SREBP1. Moreover, targeting METTL3/14 in vitro increases protein level of ACLY and SCD1 as well as triglyceride and cholesterol production and accumulation of lipid droplets. m6A sequencing analysis revealed that overexpressed METTL14 binds to mRNA of ACLY and SCD1 and alters their expression pattern. Our findings demonstrate a new NAFLD mouse model that provides a study platform for DM2-related NAFLD and reveals a unique epitranscriptional regulating mechanism for lipid metabolism via m6A-modified protein expression of ACLY and SCD1.
BLOOD TRANSFUSION
Authors: E. F. Skinner
Journal: BMJ (1923)

THE most obvious indication for blood transfuision is previous loss of blood, and the present revival of the operation is duelargely to the brilliant results following this procedure in battle casualties.The shock condition produced by severe baemorrhage is due to two factors: (1) Loss of oxygen carriers, and (2) less of blood volume; but whereas the lattercan be quickly made good by the tissues pouring out fluid, except in those cases whiere the tissues themselves are drained of their fluids to such an extent that there is none left to replace blood loss, the former is only made good very slowlv, and whilst by the injection of suitable solutions into the circulation the deficiency in blood volume can be replaced, the only means of replacing oxygen-carrying capacity is by means of blood transfusion.Haemorrhages, wlhether sudden and severe, as in injuries and obstetric cases, or long-continued slight bleedings, equally
EXCRETION UROGRAPHY
Authors: R. T. Payne
Journal: BMJ (1932)

EXCRETION UROGRAPHYEMTEBcJlomlfsAL 6493. The asthenic type of stomach is infrequently the seat of duodenal ulceration; but otherwise duodenal ulcers occur in the hyposthenic, sthenic, and hypersthenic types in about the same proportions as these types occur in a hundred normal individuals.4. The average test meal curve is higher in cases of duodenal ulceration than in normal individuals.5. The curve of gastric acidity steadily increases from being lowest in the asthenic to a maximum in the hyper- sthenic type.I am much indebted to Dr. Charles Bolton for his help and suggestions in carrying out this investigation, to Dr. G. W. Goodhart
Abstract 17280: A New in vivo Imaging Protocol for Non-Invasive Detection of Right Ventricular Dysfunction in a Pulmonary Hypertension Mouse Model
Authors: Thomas Hansen, Kristen Bubb, Gemma Figtree
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Accurate measurements of right ventricular (RV) function are critical for studying novel therapies impacting the heart and pulmonary circulation. Until now, assessment in mouse models has relied on invasive measures. Improvements in mouse echocardiography may facilitate application of measures recently validated in humans, including tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and RV-S’ (systolic excursion velocity), to allow non-invasive assessment of RV function. Aims: To apply and validate TAPSE and RV-S’ using high-resolution echocardiography for the measurement of RV function in a mouse model of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Methods: Echocardiography was performed on mice 3 weeks after induction of PH using inhaled bleomycin or saline control. PAT, TAPSE and RV-S’ were recorded in mice using a 55-mHz transducer (Visualsonics, Vevo3100). Invasive measurements of right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) were obtained via catheterisation of the internal jugular vein, prior to culling. Results: RVSP was significantly elevated in bleomycin-treated mice ( 33.41±0.8mmHg n=10) compared to controls ( 25.66±0.9mmHg n=11; p&lt;0.0001). Similarly, RV hypertrophy was observed in bleomycin mice [RV:body weight 1.156±0.03g/kg n=11] compared with control ( 0.968±0.02g/kg n=12; p=0.0002). TAPSE was sensitive to these differences, being significantly reduced in bleomycin mice ( 0.5739±0.020mm n=8) compared with control ( 0.7387±0.033mm n=10; p=0.0012), and correlated significantly with invasive RVSP (r 2 =0.7218; p&lt;0.0001). RV-S’ was also reduced in bleomycin mice (18.14±0.98mm/s n=7) compared with control (25.38±1.24mm/s n=8; p=0.0006) and correlated strongly with RVSP (r 2 =0.6378; p=0.0011). The correlation of both TAPSE and RV-S’ with RVSP compared favourably to the previously used surrogate measure of RVSP in mice, PAT (r 2 =0.5278; p=0.0002). Conclusions: TAPSE and RV-S’ can be applied in mouse echocardiography, and are sensitive, non-invasive measures of PH and RV dysfunction, comparing well with gold-standard invasive right ventricular systolic pressures. This may benefit the power of future preclinical studies of novel therapies in pulmonary hypertension and RV dysfunction.
Health-focused conversational agents in person-centered care: a review of apps
Authors: Pritika Parmar, Jina Ryu, Shivani Pandya, João Sedoc, Smisha Agarwal
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2022)

Abstract Health-focused apps with chatbots (“healthbots”) have a critical role in addressing gaps in quality healthcare. There is limited evidence on how such healthbots are developed and applied in practice. Our review of healthbots aims to classify types of healthbots, contexts of use, and their natural language processing capabilities. Eligible apps were those that were health-related, had an embedded text-based conversational agent, available in English, and were available for free download through the Google Play or Apple iOS store. Apps were identified using 42Matters software, a mobile app search engine. Apps were assessed using an evaluation framework addressing chatbot characteristics and natural language processing features. The review suggests uptake across 33 low- and high-income countries. Most healthbots are patient-facing, available on a mobile interface and provide a range of functions including health education and counselling support, assessment of symptoms, and assistance with tasks such as scheduling. Most of the 78 apps reviewed focus on primary care and mental health, only 6 (7.59%) had a theoretical underpinning, and 10 (12.35%) complied with health information privacy regulations. Our assessment indicated that only a few apps use machine learning and natural language processing approaches, despite such marketing claims. Most apps allowed for a finite-state input, where the dialogue is led by the system and follows a predetermined algorithm. Healthbots are potentially transformative in centering care around the user; however, they are in a nascent state of development and require further research on development, automation and adoption for a population-level health impact.
JAMA Cardiology
Authors: Phil Fontanarosa, Annette Flanagin, Brenda Gregoline, Tracy Frey, Iris Lo, Kevin Brown, Amanda Ehrhardt, M Newman, Suzanne Walker, Connie Manno, Sara Billings, Timothy Gray, Paul Ruich, Kirby Snell, Catherine Copyreaders, Stephanie Alden, Jane Beckmeyer, Jan Calayag, Mary Clavey, Paula Coerver-Connolly, Laura Glitman, Regina King, Rebecca Lilly, Thressa Ritke, Divya Smith, Donna Sreekumar, Christine Thordsen, Caroline Tilles, Aggie Woods, Wanda Assistant, Larry Bryant, Jacob Kendall-Taylor, Monica Managers, Fanny Staff, Anna Brown, Lee Bukowski, Lenette Calibeo, Tosca Gardner-Gullens, Erin Hall, Rachell Kato, Caroline Lozano, Angelia Sietmann, Michael Berkwits, Eric Butkus, Elena Guobyte, Emily Ling, Jesse Mcquarters, Daniel Morrow, Social Media, Eman Hassaballa, Reuben Rios, Mary Ferkaluk, Karen Bucher, Andy Rekito, Nick Reback, Lohitha Kethu, David Song, Deputy Livingston, Thomas Cole, Marla Hall, Deanna Willis, Yolanda Davis, Joseph Thornton, Deanna Bellandi, Jim Periodical, Thomas Easley, Brian Shields, Karen Adams-Taylor, Paul Gee, Monica Smith, Jeff Ery, J Bonistalli, Kathy Russell, Mirna Monal, Stacey Mchugh, Tim Melroy, Marketing Thornbury, Tricia Classifi, Anna Manager, Thalia Moss, Sade Deramus-Townsend, Tony Ralenkotter, Marsha Fogler, Rachel Sisholtz, Saskia Bolore, Gretchen Linder, Brian Mccartney, Christine Hearne, Natasha Staff, David Baum, Morgan Osgood, Ron Thomas, Rick Bell, Elizabeth Solaro, Sara Zimmerman, Geoff Rey, Lindsay Dawson, Ellen Gibson, Sam Ismail, Craig Mccaff Rey, Michael Mcgraw, Daniel Pickhardt, Romando Rossini, Sarah Subramanian, Stacy Business, Analyst Sirisha, Alluri Staff, Millette Jackson-Bates, Tom Miller, James Madara, Howard Bauchner, Robert Bonow, Patrick O'gara, Marc Sabatine, Clyde Boston, Michael Pencina, Carolina North, Adrian Hernandez, Mhs Durham, North Carolina, Mark Huff Man, Ajay Kirtane, New York, Roxana Mehran, Ann Navar, Carolina Christopher, J O'donnell, Massachusetts Boston, J Sanjiv, Mintu Shah, Gregg Fonarow, Los Angeles, Elizabeth Mcnally, Laine Thomas, Julia Getts, Eugene Braunwald, Robert Califf, Judith Hochman, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Scm Chicago, Michael Parmacek, Daniel Simon, Sidney Smith, Chapel Hill, Carolina Douglas, E Vaughan, Myron Weisfeldt, Maryland Douglas, P Zipes, Paul Armstrong, Shinya Goto, Peter Liu, Renato Lopes, Carolina Maseri, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Hugh Watkins, Harvey White, Habib Yacoub
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2019)
Abstract 139: Impedance Threshold Device and Active Decompression Improve Hemodynamics in a Swine Model of Prolonged CPR
Authors: Joshua W Lampe, Yin Tai, Anja K Metzger, Christopher L Kaufman, Lance B Becker
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation with the impedance threshold device and active decompression (ITD-ACD CPR) has been shown to improve chest compression generated blood flow relative to standard chest compression. Using our high-fidelity swine model of cardiac arrest treated with prolonged mechanical chest compression (MCC) we studied the effect of different lift heights (amount of lift above the natural zero point of the sternum) during active decompression. Methods: CPR was performed on six domestic swine (~30 kg) using standard physiological monitoring. Flow was measured in the abdominal aorta, inferior vena cava (IVC), right common carotid and external jugular, and left femoral artery. Ventricular fibrillation (VF) was electrically induced. MCC were started after ten minutes of VF. Four MCC waveforms were used: Standard CPR (2”, 100 CPM), and ITD-ACD CPR (2”, 80 CPM) with 0.5”, 1.0”, and 1.5” lift past the zero point. MCC waveforms were changed every 2 min in a crossover design and delivered for 56 minutes. Data were analyzed in CPR cycles which included four epochs of CPR, one of each waveform, constituting 8 minutes of compressions. Results: Lift height had a significant (p&lt;0.05) effect on carotid and jugular blood flow. Lift heights of 1.0 and 1.5” generated significantly more carotid blood flow in all 7 CPR cycles. A lift height of 1.5” generated significantly more jugular blood flow over all 7 CPR cycles. The interaction between duration of CPR and Jugular blood flow previously observed using this animal model was not observed. Carotid and jugular blood flow as a function of waveform and CPR cycle are shown in the figure. Conclusions: ITD-ACD CPR improved carotid and jugular blood flows, suggestive of improved cerebral perfusion. A lift height of 1.5” was required for significant improvement of jugular blood flows, while ITD-ACD CPR provided significantly better carotid blood flow than standard CPR at all lift heights.
Obituary Listing
Journal: JAMA (1996)

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Accident Services
Authors: H. F. Reichenfeld
Journal: BMJ (1963)

but in whom a diagnosis of pyelonephritis is subsequently established.It has also been shown that to examine the urinary deposit for white cells in the way they describe may be misleading.2And it is well known that the urine may be infected even if there is no increase in the number of white cells present.3 4 The difficulties of quantitative pour-plate cultures have perhaps been over-emphasized by those less experienced in this technique.We have found that a competent technician can perform up to 20 such cultures in an hour.-Weare, etc.,
Comparative study of RARP and carbon ion radiotherapy sexual functional changes for prostate cancer using the propensity score matching method.
Authors: Yoshiyuki Miyazawa, Daisuke Oka, Hidekazu Koike, Hidemasa Kawamura, Yuhei Miyasaka, Takahiro Syuto, Seiji Arai, Yoshitaka Sekine, Hiroshi Matsui, Tatsuya Ohno, Kazuhiro Suzuki
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

236 Background: We mainly perform Robotic-Assisted laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy (RARP) and Carbon Ion Radiotherapy (CIRT) as curative treatment for prostate cancer. Several factors such as cancer control and quality of life after treatment are considered to be important, but there are few reports comparing sexual function changes before and after treatment between RARP and CIRT. We performed retrospective study comparing the evaluation of sexual function after RARP and CIRT cases using the propensity score matching method. Methods: 127 patients treated by RARP from 2014 to 2018 and 190 patients treated by CIRT monotherapy from 2010 to 2019 were evaluated. We evaluated Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) score before and after treatment. The EPIC was compared before, 12 months, and 24 months after treatment. Propensity score matching was performed using the age at treatment, PSA value, T stage, and pretreatment EPIC comprehensive score of sexual function as covariates. A cohort of 101 patients in each group was prepared and examined. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Gunma University Hospital (No. IRB2020-050, 1839). Results: The mean ± standard deviation of each of the RARP and CIRT groups were age; 65.1 ± 5.9, 65.3 ± 6.5 years, PSA value; 6.31 ± 2.07, 6.34 ± 2.46 ng/ ml, pretreatment EPIC sexual function overall score; 46.4 ± 15.6, 48.2 ± 16.2. In both groups, T1N0M0 was 16%, T2N0M0 was 83%, and T3N0M0 was 1%. The total EPIC sexual function scores before, 12 months, and 24 months after treatment were 46.4, 27.9, 28.2 in the RARP group, and 48.2, 41.4, 41.6 in the CIRT group, respectively. In both groups, there was a significant decrease in score after 12 months and 24 months compared to before treatment (p &lt; 0.05). At 12 and 24 months, the total EPIC sexual function score in the CIRT group was significantly higher than RARP group (p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: In prostate cancer cases adjusted by propensity score matching, the decrease in EPIC sexual function score was significantly smaller in the CIRT group than RARP group. The results of this study seemed to be useful information for decision making with patients.
Is Patient Travel Distance Associated With Survival on Phase II Clinical Trials in Oncology?
Authors: Elizabeth B Lamont, Davinder Hayreh, Kate E Pickett, James J Dignam, Marcy A List, Kerstin M Stenson, Daniel J Haraf, Bruce E Brockstein, Sarah A Sellergren, Everett E Vokes
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2003)

Background: Prior research has suggested that patients who travel out of their neighborhood for elective care from specialized medical centers may have better outcomes than local patients with the same illnesses who are treated at the same centers. We hypothesized that this phenomenon, often called “referral bias” or “distance bias,” may also be evident in curative-intent cancer trials at specialized cancer centers. Methods: We evaluated associations between overall survival and progression-free survival and the distance from the patient residence to the treating institution for 110 patients treated on one of four phase II curative-intent chemoradiotherapy protocols for locoregionally advanced squamous cell cancer of the head and neck conducted at the University of Chicago over 7 years. Results: Using Cox regression that adjusted for standard patient-level disease and demographic factors and neighborhood-level economic factors, we found a positive association between the distance patients traveled from their residence to the treatment center and survival. Patients who lived more than 15 miles from the treating institution had only one-third the hazard of death of those living closer (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.12 to 0.84). Moreover, with every 10 miles that a patient traveled for care, the hazard of death decreased by 3.2% (HR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.94 to 0.99). Similar results were obtained for progression-free survival. Conclusion: Results of phase II curative-intent clinical trials in oncology that are conducted at specialized cancer centers may be confounded by patient travel distance, which captures prognostic significance beyond cancer stage, performance status, and wealth. More work is needed to determine what unmeasured factors travel distance is mediating.