tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of an abnormal signal-averaged electrocardiogram in patients with nonischemic congestive cardiomyopathy.
Authors: D MMancini, K LWong, M BSimson
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDAn abnormal signal-averaged ECG (SAECG) has predictive value for arrhythmic events in patients with coronary artery disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether an abnormal SAECG could provide prognostic information in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy.METHODS AND RESULTSWe prospectively obtained SAECGs in 114 patients with dilated nonischemic cardiomyopathy. Twelve-lead ECGs, left ventricular ejection fractions, hemodynamic measurements, and peak exercise oxygen consumption (VO2) also were measured. An SAECG was defined as abnormal by any one of the three following criteria: filtered QRS duration > 120 msec, root-mean-square voltage in the last 40 msec   38 msec at 40 Hz. Sixty-six patients had a normal SAECG, 20 patients had an abnormal SAECG, and 28 patients had bundle branch block (BBB). Mean follow-up was 10 +/- 5 months. Age, ejection fraction, peak VO2, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, and cardiac index were not stati...
Rational Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Reverse Tale of Men, Mice, and Culture Dishes
Authors: Marco Avolio, Livio Trusolino
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2021)

Stratification of colorectal cancer into subgroups with different response to therapy was initially guided by descriptive associations between specific biomarkers and treatment outcome. Recently, preclinical models based on propagatable patient-derived tumor samples have yielded an improved understanding of disease biology, which has facilitated the functional validation of correlative information and the discovery of novel response determinants, therapeutic targets, and mechanisms of tumor adaptation and drug resistance. We review the contribution of patient-derived models to advancing colorectal cancer characterization, discuss their influence on clinical decision-making, and highlight emerging challenges in the interpretation and clinical transferability of results obtainable with such approaches. SIGNIFICANCE: Association studies in patients with colorectal cancer have led to the identification of response biomarkers, some of which have been implemented as companion diagnostics for therapeutic decisions. By enabling biological investigation in a clinically relevant experimental context, patient-derived colorectal cancer models have proved useful to examine the causal role of such biomarkers in dictating drug sensitivity and are providing fresh knowledge on new actionable targets, dynamics of tumor evolution and adaptation, and mechanisms of drug resistance.
Ventricular and pulmonary artery volumes in patients with absent pulmonary valve. Factors affecting the natural course.
Authors: SHiraishi, L MBargeron, J BIsabel-Jones, G CEmmanouilides, W FFriedman, J MJarmakani
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Right and left ventricular (RV and LV) volumes were determined in 19 patients with absent pulmonary valve syndrome using Simpson's rule and area-length methods. The volume of the proximal right pulmonary artery (RPAV) was calculated at maximal and minimal size using the area-length method. Patient groups included four newborns who responded to medical management (group 1A), seven critically ill newborns who died (group 1B), four infants ages 1-10 months (group 2) and four children ages 2-8 years (group 3). The RV end-diastolic volume in groups 1B and 2 was significantly greater than that in groups 1A and 3. The RV ejection fraction in groups 1B and 2 was significantly less than that in normal patients and groups 1A and 3. Maximal RPAV correlated well with RV stroke volume and end-diastolic volume. The maximal RPAV in group 1B was significantly greater than that in groups 1A and 3. Pulmonary arterial compliance was greater than normal in all groups, and the compliance in group 1B was more than two times th...
Pulsed Doppler findings in patients with coarctation of the aorta.
Authors: R EShaddy, A RSnider, N HSilverman, WLutin
Journal: Circulation (1986)

We used combined two-dimensional and pulsed Doppler echocardiography to examine 37 infants and children with coarctation of the aorta and 19 normal subjects. The ages ranged from 1 day to 16 years. We compared the differences between the Doppler flow signal from the ascending aorta and the descending aorta below the coarctation in each patient, as well as the differences between the corresponding flow signals in the aorta of patients with coarctation and normal subjects. Six variables were measured from each Doppler signal: acceleration slope (peak rate of acceleration), acceleration time (time from onset of flow to the peak systolic frequency), antegrade flow time, peak systolic frequency, peak velocity of flow, and deceleration slope (peak rate of deceleration). In patients with coarctation, each of these variables was significantly different in the descending aorta compared with the ascending aorta. There was a decrease in the acceleration slope (14 +/- 13 vs 87 +/- 67 kHz/sec) (mean +/- SD), peak syst...
Diagnosis of mild hypertension by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring.
Authors: M AWeber, J MNeutel, D HSmith, W FGraettinger
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDBetween 20% and 30% of patients with clinically diagnosed hypertension have normal blood pressure (BP) values during automated ambulatory 24-hour BP monitoring. It has not been clear, however, whether these patients can be regarded as normotensive or whether they should be treated in the same way as confirmed hypertensive patients.METHODS AND RESULTSAmbulatory BP monitoring was performed in 88 normal control subjects and 171 hypertensive patients (office diastolic BP > or = 90 mm Hg on three visits; never treated or off treatment for more than 6 months). Hypertensive patients were classified as nonconfirmed or white coat (n = 58) if their 24-hour diastolic averages were < 85 mm Hg and at least 15 mm Hg lower than their office values. For comparisons, white coat patients were pair-matched with normal subjects by 24-hour diastolic averages and sex, and by similar age and weight; there were 40 such pairs. White coat patients were likewise pair-matched with confirmed hypertensive patients by identic...
180P Incidence of brain metastases (BM) in newly diagnosed stage IV NSCLC during COVID-19
Authors: W. Cui, C. Milner-Watts, S. Saith, J. Bhosle, A.R. Minchom, M. Davidson, S. Page, I. Locke, N. Yousaf, S. Popat, M.E.R. O'Brien
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Dementia caregiving across Latin America and the Caribbean and brain health diplomacy
Authors: Agustin Ibáñez, Stefanie Danielle Pina-Escudero, Katherine L Possin, Yakeel T Quiroz, Fernando Aguzzoli Peres, Andrea Slachevsky, Ana Luisa Sosa, Sonia M D Brucki, Bruce L Miller
Journal: The Lancet Healthy Longevity (2021)

The prevalence of dementia in Latin America and the Caribbean is growing rapidly, increasing the burden placed on caregivers. Exacerbated by fragile health-care systems, unstable economies, and extensive inequalities, caregiver burden in this region is among the highest in the world. We reviewed the major challenges to caregiving in Latin America and the Caribbean, and we propose regional and coordinated actions to drive future change. Current challenges include the scarcity of formal long-term care, socioeconomic and social determinants of health disparities, gender-biased burdens, growing dementia prevalence, and the effect of the current COVID-19 pandemic on families affected by dementia. Firstly, we propose local and regional short-term strategic recommendations, including systematic identification of specific caregiver needs, testing of evidence-based local interventions, contextual adaptation of strategies to different settings and cultures, countering gender bias, strengthening community support, provision of basic technology, and better use of available information and communications technology. Additionally, we propose brain health diplomacy (ie, global actions aimed to overcome the systemic challenges to brain health by bridging disciplines and sectors) and convergence science as frameworks for long-term coordinated responses, integrating tools, knowledge, and strategies to expand access to digital technology and develop collaborative models of care. Addressing the vast inequalities in dementia caregiving across Latin America and the Caribbean requires innovative, evidence-based solutions coordinated with the strengthening of public policies.
Hearts from diabetic rats are more resistant to in vitro ischemia: possible role of altered Ca2+ metabolism.
Authors: MTani, J RNeely
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

The effects of whole heart ischemia were studied in isolated perfused rat hearts from control and diabetic animals. When whole heart ischemia was maintained for 30 minutes at 37 degrees C, diabetic hearts recovered 100% whereas hearts from normal animals recovered 30% of their preischemic function. Reperfusion Ca2+ uptake was about 2.5 microM/g dry wt in diabetic hearts compared with 10 microM/g dry wt in control hearts. When the ischemic period was extended to 40, 50, and 60 minutes, diabetic hearts had depressed recovery of ventricular function, and greater Ca2+ overload but reperfusion function was still significantly higher and Ca2+ overload significantly less than in control hearts. Depressed function and increased Ca2+ uptake were both linearly related to low tissue levels of residual high energy phosphates and inversely related to the amount of lactate that accumulated in the tissue during ischemia. However, regression lines relating these metabolic changes to depressed function and increased Ca2+ ...
Radiofrequency catheter ablation of sustained intra-atrial reentrant tachycardia in adult patients. Identification of electrophysiological characteristics and endocardial mapping techniques.
Authors: S AChen, C EChiang, C JYang, C CCheng, T JWu, S PWang, B NChiang, M SChang
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDInformation about electrophysiological characteristics and radiofrequency ablation of intra-atrial reentrant tachycardia has not been reported before. We proposed that induction and termination of intra-atrial reentrant tachycardia by atrial extrastimuli or rapid atrial pacing and resetting the response pattern by atrial extrastimuli during intra-atrial reentrant tachycardia could ensure the mechanism of reentry and that the earliest site of endocardial activation and concealed entrainment pace mapping with the shortest stimulus-P wave interval could localize a critical area responsible for intra-atrial reentrant tachycardia and radiofrequency ablation.METHODS AND RESULTSSeven patients with refractory atrial tachycardia were referred for electrophysiological studies and radiofrequency ablation. Electrophysiological studies and endocardial mapping found (1) 10 atrial foci with atrial tachycardia cycle length of 406 +/- 41 ms; (2) atrial tachycardia had induction and termination by atrial extrasti...
How Should We Define A Large Common Bile Duct Stone ?
Authors: A Nakhli, M Sabbah, N Bellil, N Bibani, A Ouakaa, H Elloumi, D Trad, D Gargouri
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

(1) Some authors speak of a large stone if its size is greater than the diameter of the CBD by more than 2 mm (ratio size of the stone/diameter of the CBD> 1).
Association of human leukocyte class II antigens with rheumatic fever or rheumatic heart disease in a Brazilian population.
Authors: LGuilherme, WWeidebach, M HKiss, RSnitcowsky, JKalil
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDThe incidence of rheumatic heart disease is great in Brazil. We analyzed the distribution of human leukocyte (HLA) antigens in a Brazilian population sample with rheumatic fever or rheumatic heart disease, with the aim of better understanding the mechanisms involved.METHODS AND RESULTSHLA class I (A, B, and C) and class II (DR and DQ) antigen distribution was studied in 40 patients with diagnosis of rheumatic fever or rheumatic heart disease and compared with a control group of 617 healthy individuals for class I typing, from which 118 were drawn for class II typing. A strong correlation between rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease and HLA-DRw53 (72.9% in the disease group versus 39% in the control group: p = 0.00061, relative risk, 4.2; etiologic fraction, 0.43) was found. We also found an increase in the frequency of HLA-DR7 (57.5% in the disease group versus 26.3% in control group: p = 0.00715; relative risk, 3.8; etiologic fraction, 0.56). HLA class I and HLA-DQ typing did not point t...
Characteristics of flow-mediated brachial artery vasodilation in human subjects.
Authors: L ISinoway, CHendrickson, W RDavidson, SProphet, RZelis
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

In an effort to determine whether arterial conductance vessels dilate in response to increased blood flow stimuli, brachial artery area (cm2) and diameter (cm) were derived by simultaneous measurement of forearm blood flow (ml/min.100 ml) and brachial artery blood flow velocity (cm/sec) following the release of arterial occlusion. Measurements were made at rest and at the time of maximal flow after the release of graded periods of forearm arterial occlusion (20 seconds to 10 minutes). These studies showed a graded large vessel dilation following occlusions of up to 1 minute (baseline diameter, 0.33 +/- 0.01; after 1 minute occlusion, 0.45 +/- 0.02 cm; p less than 0.05) after which time diameter plateaued (after 10 minutes of occlusion, 0.48 +/- 0.02 cm). In addition, the time course of diameter and flow changes after 3 minutes of arterial occlusion were examined. Flow was maximal at 5 seconds but diameter was maximal at 15-30 seconds after release. Furthermore, the half time for the return of diameter to ...
RE: Effect of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma-Derived Exosomes on Human Regulatory T Cells
Authors: Theresa L. Whiteside
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2015)

Ca2+ signals are critical for T-cell function, and Ca2+ influx is an early event in T-cell activation. TEX, ubiquitously present in the tumor microenvironment and plasma, carry a cargo of suppressive and stimulatory molecules. TEX bind to the surface of immune cells, suppressing functions of some T cells while up-regulating functions of others. To determine whether binding of TEX or exosomes produced by normal cells (EXO) to primary T cells results in delivery of signals regulating activation, human PBMC or different freshlyisolated T-cell subsets were co-incubated with PKH-26 labeled exosomes isolated from normal or HNSCC plasma specimens and from supernatants of HNSCC cell lines as described by us (Muller et al., J. Immunol. Methods, 2014). CD4+ T cell, CD8+ T cell and CD4 + CD39+ Treg were isolated from normal PBMC using AutoMACS. Binding of PKH-26-labeled TEX or EXO by T cells, NK cells or monocytes was evaluated following co-incubation for 24–96 h using an AMNIS image cytometer. The strength of Ca2+ influx induced by TEX or EXO in various T cells was measured by confocal microscopy after staining the T cells with a Fura-2 or Fluo-4 dye. AMNIS flow data showed that binding of TEX and EXO to T cells was time and dose-dependent, but exosomes were not internalized even after prolonged [96 h] co-incubation. Ca2+ influx was time dependent and was observed only after co-incubation of T cells with TEX but not (or only minimally) with EXO. Among T cells, CD4 + CD39+ Treg were preferentially targeted by TEX, showing the strongest Ca2+ influx within 30 min. In AMNIS, TEX binding to Treg gave a significantly stronger signal than that measured with CD4+ or CD8+ T cells. This strong, sustained Ca2+ influx induced in Treg by TEX is consistent with our previous functional data demonstrating selective TEX-mediated Treg activation and proliferation. The data also emphasizes the fact that activation of Treg functions by TEX is regulated through signals delivered to the Treg surface and does not require exosome up-take or their internalization by the target cells.
Observations on electrode-tissue interface temperature and effect on electrical impedance during radiofrequency ablation of ventricular myocardium.
Authors: D EHaines, A FVerow
Journal: Circulation (1990)

The purpose of this study was to correlate changes in electrical impedance with the electrode-tissue interface temperature and to characterize the associated events occurring at the catheter tip electrode. In a canine model, lesions were created in vitro (n = 49) and in vivo (n = 31) and radiofrequency power settings were varied. Electrode-tissue interface temperature, delivered current, and voltage were recorded, and impedance was calculated. A sudden rise in electrical impedance was seen in only two of 17 ablations in vitro and in one of 16 ablations in vivo with a peak electrode-tissue interface temperature of less than 100 degrees C compared with 29 of 32 ablations in vitro (p = 0.0001) and 12 of 15 ablations in vivo with a temperature of more than 100 degrees C (p = 0.0001). This phenomenon was associated with the observation of boiling and popping at the tip in in vitro preparations and tissue avulsion and thrombus formation on the catheter tip in in vivo studies. The lesion size was directly propor...
Dynamics of atrial peptide secretion in the coronary circulation of the conscious dog.
Authors: T HHintze, JWang, MPatel, MSchustek, MOchoa, RDean, FChiruzzo, GZeballos
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

The secretion of atrial natriuretic peptide by the heart is not simply the arterial-coronary sinus concentration difference times coronary blood flow, because only a small fraction of total coronary blood flow passes through the atria. We measured coronary sinus and arterial plasma atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) concentrations and blood flow to each part of the heart using the radioactive microsphere technique. Before acute volume expansion, the arterial-coronary sinus ANF difference was 305 +/- 23 pg/ml and rose to 1,009 +/- 220 pg/ml during volume expansion, whereas total coronary blood flow rose from 167 to 465 ml/min. Atrial blood flow rose from 2.9% to 4.6% of total coronary blood flow during volume expansion. ANF secretion rate increased from 51 to 469 ng/min. When divided by atrial weight, ANF secretion rate increased from 4.0 +/- 0.3 to 56 +/- 12 ng/min/g atrial tissue-in other words, from 0.3% to 3.7% of tissue ANF content each minute. Dividing by atrial blood flow indicated that the concentrati...
Diminished basal nitric oxide release after myocardial ischemia and reperfusion promotes neutrophil adherence to coronary endothelium.
Authors: X LMa, A SWeyrich, D JLefer, A MLefer
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

We measured changes in basal release of nitric oxide and its effect on polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) adherence to endothelial cells (ECs) in a feline model of myocardial ischemia (90 minutes) and reperfusion. Basal release of nitric oxide from the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion and from the control left circumflex coronary artery (LCX) was assessed by NG-nitro L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced vasocontraction. L-NAME induced a significant EC-dependent vasocontraction in control LCX rings (0.28 +/- 0.04 g), which was fully reversed by L-arginine but not D-arginine. L-NAME-induced vasocontraction of LAD rings was not significantly changed after 90 minutes of myocardial ischemia without reperfusion. However, 10 minutes of reperfusion reduced the L-NAME-induced vasocontraction to 0.13 +/- 0.04 g (p < 0.05), and this was restored by addition of 3 mM L-arginine but not D-arginine. Longer periods of reperfusion progressively decreased L-NAME-induce...
Cielab Automatic Colonoscopy Post-Evaluation
Authors: A Ciobanu, M Luca, A Oltean, O Barboi, V Drug
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Creating an automatic software tool to objectively review and evaluate colonoscopy images. By using CIELAB color space we may detect feces residues, artefacts, and clear intestinal mucosa at pixel level in each frame. By computing pixel percentages, we propose an objective quantification of bowel preparation degree and colonoscopy uninterpretable images.
Changes in myosin isoenzymes, ATPase activity, and contraction duration in rat cardiac muscle with aging can be modulated by thyroxine.
Authors: M BEffron, G MBhatnagar, H ASpurgeon, GRuaño-Arroyo, E GLakatta
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

To determine whether the relative decline in cardiac myosin isoenzyme V1 with maturation continues progressively into senescence and whether thyroxine could reverse age-associated changes in the myosin isoenzyme profile and contraction, rats 2, 8, and 24 months old were treated with thyroxine, 6.4 mg/kg, for 7 days. Myosin isoenzymes, Ca2+-myosin ATPase activities, and isometric contractile function were measured in cardiac preparations from thyroxine-treated animals and age-matched controls. Right ventricular hypertrophy did not occur with aging in controls. Thyroxine increased right ventricular weight in each age group compared to the control group. Body weight decreased by 10% in all thyroxine-treated rats. The relative right ventricular V1 isoenzyme content progressively decreased from 75 +/- 1% to 54 +/- 1% and 14 +/- 1% in controls at 2, 8, and 24 months, respectively, and was associated with a reciprocal increase in V3 myosin isoenzyme. Ca2+-myosin ATPase activity also progressively declined monoto...