tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Incidence of Post-Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiography Pancreatitis (PEP) According to the Protocol of Prophylaxis Used. a Retrospective, Cross-Sectional Observational Study
Authors: J Iglesias-Garcia, LF Parma Caputo, R Mejuto, R Ureña Campos, D De la Iglesia-Garcia, J Lariño-Noia, J Iglesias-Canle, JE Dominguez-Muñoz
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Methods A retrospective, observational and cross-sectional study was conducted. Patients undergoing ERCP for biliary diseases between 2013 and 2019 were included. Patients diagnosed with any pancreatic disease (pancreatic cancer, chronic pancreatitis, previous acute pancreatitis) and post-surgical altered bilio-pancreatic anatomy were excluded. Patients were divided in four cohorts depending on the type of PEP prophylaxis used in different periods. Group I: rectal diclofenac 100mg in high-risk patients of PEP; group II: rectal diclofenac + LR 500 mL in high-risk patients of PEP; group III: rectal diclofenac + LR 500 mL in every patient undergoing ERCP; group IV rectal indomethacin + LR 500 mL in every patient undergoing ERCP. All patients were monitored for pain and serum pancreatic enzymes over 24h after ERCP. Incidence of PEP was calculated and compared by ANOVA. Risk factors for PEP were analysed by logistic regression.
Advertising or Evidence?—Why We Need System Changes in Academia to Improve Media Reporting
Authors: Margaret McCartney
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Endothelin as a neuropeptide. Cardiovascular effects in the brainstem of normotensive rats.
Authors: RMosqueda-Garcia, TInagami, MAppalsamy, MSugiura, R MRobertson
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

The relevance of endothelin in central cardiovascular function was studied in urethane-anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats. Blood pressure (BP) was monitored intra-arterially, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was collected through an intracisternal catheter for radioimmunoassay of endothelin-1 (ET-1). Endothelin levels in the CSF were significantly higher (39 +/- 3 pg/ml) than in plasma (10 +/- 3 pg/ml, n = 11). ET-1 in CSF or plasma was not affected by systemic infusion of saline, but its levels significantly decreased when a sustained increase in BP was elicited with phenylephrine (14 +/- 7 pg/ml in the CSF and 6 +/- 4 pg/ml in plasma, n = 5). In sinoaortic-denervated animals, phenylephrine failed to reduce CSF endothelin levels. In different experiments, intracisternal administration of ET-1 (10 pmol) evoked an initial decrease in BP and heart rate (HR), followed by pronounced hypertension, bradycardia, and, in 70% of the animals, death from cardiorespiratory failure. Intracisternal administration of endothe...
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with unusual locations of left ventricular hypertrophy undetectable by M-mode echocardiography. Identification by wide-angle two-dimensional echocardiography.
Authors: B JMaron, J SGottdiener, R OBonow, S EEpstein
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Twenty-one patients without evidence of hypertrophy by M-mode echocardiography were studied by wide-angle two-dimensional echocardiography to determine if they had a form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy that could not be detected by conventional M-mode echocardiography. Each patient was suspected clinically of having hypertrophic cardiomyopathy because of a distinctly abnormal ECG and either a family history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or cardiac symptoms. Patients were 5-49 years old (mean 16 years) and 16 of the 21 had no functional limitation. The most common electrocardiographic abnormalities were deep Q waves, T-wave inversion and right ventricular hypertrophy. Using wide-angle two-dimensional echocardiography to reconstruct the geometry of the left ventricular wall, 16 of the 21 patients (76%) were shown to have prominent but unusually located regions of left ventricular wall hypertrophy. In each instance, the hypertrophy involved regions of the left ventricular wall through which the M-mode ultra...
Role of prostaglandins in proximal tubule sodium reabsorption: response to elevated renal interstitial hydrostatic pressure.
Authors: YKinoshita, F GKnox
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Previous studies have shown that the elevation of renal interstitial hydrostatic pressure by the direct expansion of renal interstitial volume increases urinary sodium excretion. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether proximal tubules respond to the elevated renal interstitial hydrostatic pressure and whether the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis would alter the effect of elevated renal interstitial hydrostatic pressure on proximal sodium reabsorption. Expansion of renal interstitial volume by injecting 100 microliters of 2.5% albumin solution through a chronically implanted matrix increased renal interstitial hydrostatic pressure similarly in control rats (n = 8) and in indomethacin (n = 8) or meclofenamate-treated (n = 7) rats. In the absence of prostaglandin synthesis inhibition, renal interstitial volume expansion significantly increased the fractional delivery of sodium at the superficial late proximal tubules from 56.5 +/- 6.1 to 67.0 +/- 6.5% (p less than 0.01) with an ac...
35P Lung cancer diagnosis and continuum of care: How did the COVID-19 outbreak impact? Data from an Italian multicenter study
Authors: L. Cantini, G. Mentrasti, N. La Verde, M.S. Cona, R. Chiari, E. Martinelli, F. Morgillo, L. Nicolardi, A. Cortellini, V. Pensieri, V. Cognigni, G. Pinterpe, T. Galassi, F. Pecci, P. Mazzanti, M. Di Pietro Paolo, R. Giampieri, R. Berardi
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Anatomic correction of transposition of the great arteries: pre- and postoperative cardiac catheterization, with angiocardiography in five patients.
Authors: R MFreedom, J ACulham, P MOlley, R DRowe, W GWilliams, G ATrusler
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Six of eight patients survived anatomic correction of transposition of the great arteries and repair of associated cardiovascular anomalies at the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada. Two of the six survivors also had tricuspid atresia, and continuity between the right atrium and the subaortic outlet chamber in these patients was provided by a valved external conduit, in addition to the arterial switch and coronary artery reimplantation. Five of the six patients have undergone complete postoperative clinical, hemodynamic and angiocardiographic investigation and form the basis of this communication. Our present indications for anatomic repair are discussed.
The relationship between myocardial blood flow and contraction by myocardial layer in the canine left ventricle during ischemia.
Authors: W SWeintraub, SHattori, J BAgarwal, M MBodenheimer, V SBanka, R HHelfant
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

We investigated the relationship between regional myocardial blood flow (MBF) and segmental shortening in 17 open-chest dogs. The left anterior descending coronary artery was cannulated and perfused from the left carotid while measuring perfusion pressure. Graded occlusion was produced by a screw clamp. Extent of occlusion was monitored by perfusion pressure. Percent systolic shortening (% delta L) was measured using ultrasonic crystals implanted in normal and ischemic endocardium and ischemic epicardium. MBF was measured in ischemic and normal endocardium and epicardium with tracer microspheres. Dogs underwent 1 to 4 grades of coronary stenosis. Myocardial blood flow both to endocardium and epicardium was found to be linearly related to diastolic perfusion pressure below 50 mmHg (r = 0.803 and 0.748, respectively). Normalized % delta L (N% delta L) was best related to fraction normal zone MBF in the endocardium by the sigmoidal equation, N% delta L = e9.01 MBF-4.03/1 + e9.01 MBF-4.03. % delta L was only ...
Stated Contamination Rates Associated With Reusable Colonoscopes And Gastroscopes Amongst European Endoscopists: A Survey-Based Investigation
Authors: S Larsen, L Klinten Ockert, D Kryger Rindorf, S Adamsen
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Studies have demonstrated contamination rates of reusable colonoscopes and gastroscopes, which have led to several updates of reprocessing guidelines. We aimed to investigate the contamination rate of colonoscopes and gastroscopes stated amongst gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopist in five European countries.
Altered minimal coronary resistance to antegrade reflow after chronic coronary artery occlusion in swine.
Authors: D MRoth, F CWhite, C MBloor
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

We examined coronary pressure-flow relations after chronic coronary artery occlusion induced by placement of an ameroid occluder on the left circumflex coronary artery in swine. An acute open-chest procedure was performed in nine pigs 27 +/- 2 days (mean +/- SEM) after surgical placement of the ameroid occluder, and in eight nonoperated control pigs. Coronary vascular resistances were measured during maximal coronary vasodilation with adenosine. Minimal coronary resistance was assessed before and after cannulation and extracorporeal perfusion of the left circumflex coronary artery distal to the site of the ameroid occluder in pigs from the ameroid group and in a similar site in control pigs. Minimal coronary resistance to antegrade reflow in the left circumflex region was decreased significantly in ameroid pigs compared with control pigs (0.06 +/- 0.01 vs. 0.26 +/- 0.03 mm Hg.min.100 g/ml, p less than 0.001, respectively). Decreased minimal coronary vascular resistance was present transmurally in the left...
Fats and atheroma.
Authors: D St George
Journal: BMJ (1979)

extent or degree of coronary atheroma was found at necropsy in Glasgow men compared with London men,7 but mortality from ischaemic heart disease is much greater in Scotland, particularly around Glasgow, than in the south of England.8Preliminary observations indicate that platelet aggregation to thrombin, collagen, and arachidonic acid is greater in farmers in the south-west of Scotland, where the mortality is high, than in farmers in the central east of Scotland, where the mortality is lower.9Furthermore, the highest mortality from stroke in the UK is also in Scotland and particularly in the central-west and north-west regions.More data are needed to confirm or refute the longstanding views of an important association between a deficiency of EFAs and ischaemic heart disease.This may be mediated through prostaglandin-related thrombogenesis rather than the development of coronary atheroma.We now need to collect evidence to determine whether the addition of certain EFAs to the diet reduces indices of hyper- coagulability in man.If so, such specific dietary supplementation should be tested formally to see if it is preventive in communi- ties with a very high vascular mortality.
Effects of maximal exercise stress on left ventricular function in patients with coronary artery disease using first pass radionuclide angiocardiography: a rapid, noninvasive technique for determining ejection fraction and segmental wall motion.
Authors: J AJengo, VOren, RConant, MBrizendine, TNelson, J MUszler, IMena
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Angiographically determined changes in segmental wall motion (SWM) and ejection fraction (EF) are sensitive indices of left ventricular (LV) function. To compare the effects of exercise on LV function, first pass radionuclide angiocardiography was used before and during maximal upright bicycle stress in patients with nonsignificantly stenosed coronary arteries, and in those with greater than 75% stenosis. Gamma camera acquisitions were made in the 30 degree RAO projection using a 20 mCi I.V. bolus of 99mTc-pertechnetate. In the control group (seven normals, one nonsignificant (CAD) the EF significantly increased between rest and exercise (0.65 +/- 0.03 to 0.81 +/- 0.03 (mean +/- SEM), p less than 0.005). In this group SWM measured over the two anterior and two inferoposterior segments uniformly increased. In the 11 patients with a history of angina and significant coronary artery obstruction, the EF did not change in three and significantly decreased in the remaining eight (0.57 +/- 0.04 to 0.45 +/- 0.03,...
Use of an ultra short-acting beta-blocker in patients with acute myocardial ischemia.
Authors: J MKirshenbaum, R AKloner, E MAntman, EBraunwald
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Esmolol is a new ultra short-acting (half-life [t1/2] beta 9 min) beta 1-adrenergic-receptor antagonist reported to have no intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. The safety and efficacy of esmolol in lowering the ventricular rate and rate-pressure product in patients with acute myocardial infarction (n = 5), postmyocardial infarction angina (n = 10), or acute unstable angina (n = 4), and without cardiogenic shock were studied. After a 30 min observation period, esmolol was titrated to a maximum dose of 300 micrograms/kg/min and infused for up to 420 min. The ventricular rate fell from 92 +/- 11 (mean +/- SD) to 77 +/- 13 beats/min (p less than .01) and the systolic arterial pressure decreased from 120 +/- 13 to 97 +/- 11 mm Hg (p less than .01) during the initial 30 min titration period. There was no significant change during the maintenance phase, and both the ventricular rate and arterial pressure returned rapidly toward baseline values within 30 min of termination of the infusion. The cardiac index fell ...
Inhibition of nitric oxide production aggravates myocardial hypoperfusion during exercise in the presence of a coronary artery stenosis.
Authors: D JDuncker, R JBache
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

Regulation of coronary vasomotor tone during myocardial hypoperfusion is incompletely understood. The present study was performed to test the hypothesis that endogenous production of nitric oxide contributes to resistance vessel dilation distal to a coronary artery stenosis that results in myocardial ischemia during exercise. Seven dogs instrumented with a Doppler velocity probe, hydraulic occluder, and indwelling microcatheter in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) were studied during treadmill exercise in the presence of a coronary artery stenosis before and after intracoronary infusion of NG-nitro-L-arginine (LNNA, 20 mg/kg). This dose of LNNA inhibited the maximal increase in LAD flow produced by intracoronary acetylcholine by 82 +/- 5% but did not alter the response to intracoronary nitroprusside. Coronary pressure distal to the stenosis was maintained constant during the control period and after administration of LNNA. LNNA increased aortic and left ventricular systolic and end-diasto...
Myocardial healing and repair after experimental infarction in the rabbit.
Authors: R HLerman, C SApstein, H MKagan, E LOsmers, C OChichester, W MVogel, C MConnelly, W PSteffee
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

Adequacy of healing after acute myocardial infarction may determine the incidence of postmyocardial infarction rupture and ventricular aneurysm. Accordingly, in 36 rabbits, from 1 to 8 days after coronary ligation, and in 18 shams, we measured collagen formation and mechanical resistance of the infarcted left ventricle to stretch and rupture. Prolyl hydroxylase, an intracellular enzyme of collagen synthesis, increased from control activity of 3970 +/- 431 to 9224 +/- 643 counts/min per mg (cpm/mg) extractable protein (P less than 0.01) at 48 hours and was nearly maximal at 3 days postmyocardial infarction (14,518 +/- 2,030 cpm/mg, P less than 0.01). Lysyl oxidase, an extracellular collagen cross-linkage enzyme, increased from control activity of 29.6 +/- 4.8 to 74.7 +/- 18.8 cpm/mg extractable protein (P less than 0.01) at 72 hours and peaked at 121.5 +/- 7.3 (P less than 0.01) 4-6 days postmyocardial infarction. Hydroxyproline, a measure of collagen content, increased from control of 2.8 +/- 0.2 to 5.3 +...
Morphometric analysis of cardiac hypertrophy during development, maturation, and senescence in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Authors: G LEngelmann, J CVitullo, R GGerrity
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

Hypertrophy of the mammalian heart, regardless of the initiating event, results in architectural remodeling of ventricular components that maintain structural and functional characteristics of this organ. Ventricular components that vary their morphology and morphometry in a hypertrophic state are the muscle cells, connective tissue elements, vasculature, or a combination of some or all of the above. Morphologic quantification of the progressive tissue changes occurring throughout the natural life span of the spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats has not been thoroughly documented. Using perfused-fixed tissue from both strains at 1, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months of age, we have determined the morphometric changes that occurred in the subepicardial and midwall regions of the left ventricle. Myocyte cell size, wall thickness, and arterial blood pressure were elevated in 1-month-old spontaneously hypertensive rats, reached significance by 6 months, and remained significantly greater throug...
Endoscopic Management of Biliopancreatic Pathology in Patients With ROUX-EN-Y Gastric Bypass: What, When and How?
Authors: L Monino, R Garces-Duran, H Piessevaux, P Deprez, T Moreels
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims We evaluated efficacy and safety of single-balloon enteroscopy-assisted ERCP (SBE-ERCP) as first line therapy in Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) patients. In case of failure, second line endoscopic therapy based on EUS-transgastric ERCP (EDGE), percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) or laparoscopy-assisted ERCP (LA-ERCP) was performed.
Diminished cardiac hypertrophy and muscle performance in older compared with younger adult rats with chronic atrioventricular block.
Authors: G DWalford, H ASpurgeon, E GLakatta
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

The combined effect of advancing age and hemodynamic overload on cardiac muscle function has received little attention. In male, Sprague-Dawley rats, we studied the interaction of chronic atrioventricular heart block induced by transvenous electrocautery for 4-12 months (mean, 7 months) and age at study (12, 19 +/- 0.7, and 24 +/- 0.2 months) on cardiac hypertrophy and muscle function compared with age-matched, sham-operated controls. Hypertrophy was determined by the ratio of heart weight to tibial length. Muscle function was first determined from the mechanical variables of the isometric contraction of an excised, thin, left ventricular trabecular muscle bathed at 29 degrees C under a variety of calcium concentrations and stimulation patterns. Then, in the same muscles after disruption of membranes with Triton X-100, the force-pCa curve of the myofibrils was obtained. No hypertrophy occurred with aging in the control group, but alteration in hypertrophy with age occurred in the block group such that the...
Tirofiban Plus Sirolimus-Eluting Stent vs Abciximab Plus Bare-Metal Stent
Authors: Leonardo De Luca, Gennaro Sardella
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ultrasonic tissue characterization: detection of acute myocardial ischemia in dogs.
Authors: ISchnittger, AVieli, J EHeiserman, B ADirector, M EBillingham, S GEllis, R SKernoff, TTakamoto, R LPopp
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Ultrasonic tissue characterization is a new area of investigation in the field of cardiac ultrasound. The amplitude and frequency of the ultrasound signal are normally altered as the signal penetrates through tissue. It is assumed that the amplitude distribution and frequency shift of diseased or edematous tissue are different than those of normal tissue. A statistical approach to the analysis of the unprocessed radiofrequency signal in the amplitude domain was used to study the effect of acute myocardial ischemia on the parameter mean amplitude/standard deviation of the amplitude (MSR). Ten dogs were anesthetized and underwent left lateral thoracotomy. Baseline mean MSR from the interventricular septum was 1.99 +/- 0.05, but increased by 30 min after coronary artery occlusion and started to plateau at 1 hr (mean 2.24 +/- 0.06). Reproducibility in noninfarcted myocardium (left ventricular inferoposterior wall) was good, with a mean MSR of 2.00 +/- 0.05 at baseline and 1.98 +/- 0.04 3 to 4 hr later. There ...
Tomorrow’s doctors, tomorrow’s leaders
Authors: Nikki Nabavi
Journal: BMJ (2021)

More than a year since we first entered lockdown, much has changed in terms of our working lives, as well as our personal or social lives (https://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2021/03/23/one-year-on-since-lockdown-began-our-lives-have-changed-but-what-lessons-have-we-learned/). For many, this has led to a change in the dynamic of our work-life balance, as discussed on a recent episode of Sharp Scratch (Listen on Spotify or Apple pods ). In medical school it often feels like there is always a cohort in their own exam season at any given point in the year—and many of you may be receiving results from exams you sat in the winter. Assessments don’t always go the way we might have hoped, and the Sharp Scratch team discussed the taboo surrounding academic failure (Listen on Spotifyor Apple …