tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Coronavirus Associated Bleeding Esophageal Ulcerations
Authors: Karan Sachdeva, Amrit K. Kamboj, David H. Bruining
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2021)

A 95-year-old woman developed hematemesis during her hospitalization for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. She had been diagnosed 16 days prior and treated with remdesivir, dexamethasone, and tocilizumab. Her comorbidities included chronic kidney disease stage 4, atrial fibrillation (not on anticoagulation), and chronic systolic heart failure. Patient was hypotensive (96/45 mmHg) and tachycardic (110 bpm). Laboratory studies demonstrated hemoglobin 8.5 g/dL (normal, 11.6–15.0 g/dL), compared with 11.2 g/dL 2 days prior. An esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed and showed a 7-cm hiatal hernia and multiple cratered ulcers in the upper and middle esophagus, with the largest lesion measuring 15 mm. One of the ulcerations had an adherent clot (Figures A and B) with an underlying bleeding visible vessel (Figure C), which was treated with epinephrine injection and bipolar cauterization (Figure D). Biopsies taken from the center and periphery of esophageal ulcerations were negative for cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus but had detectable severe acute respiratory syndrome–associated coronavirus RNA. She had no recurrence of gastrointestinal bleeding. This case highlights that esophageal ulcerations should be considered as a possible etiology of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with COVID-19 infection.
OA09.03 Pembrolizumab in Combination With Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in Recurrent EGFR/ALK-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: S. Gadgeel, K. Dziubek, M. Nagasaka, T. Braun, K. Hassan, H. Cheng, A. Wozniak, B. Halmos, J. Stevenson, P. Patil, N. Pennell, M.J. Fidler, P. Bonomi, A. Qin, Z. Niu, S. Nagrath, G. Kalemkerian
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for the diagnosis, staging and treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer
Authors: A. Gennari, F. André, C.H. Barrios, J. Cortés, E. de Azambuja, A. DeMichele, R. Dent, D. Fenlon, J. Gligorov, S.A. Hurvitz, S.-A. Im, D. Krug, W.G. Kunz, S. Loi, F. Penault-Llorca, J. Ricke, M. Robson, H.S. Rugo, C. Saura, P. Schmid, C.F. Singer, T. Spanic, S.M. Tolaney, N.C. Turner, G. Curigliano, S. Loibl, S. Paluch-Shimon, N. Harbeck
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Re‐emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N8) virus in domestic Goose, China
Authors: Jinyue Guo, Hai Yu, Congying Wang, Sheng Yuan, Hailiang Sun, Jing Yang, Qing Cheng, Kaijian Luo, Yong Li, Zhili Li, Quan Liu, Shujian Huang, Feng Wen
Journal: Journal of Infection (2021)
Gender, Age and TP53 Aberrations in Context of Complex Karyotypes in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients in the Era of Chemo +/- Immunotherapy
Authors: Lenka Kruzova, Petra Schneiderova, Milena Holzerova, Michaela Vatolikova, Martina Divoka, Peter Turcsanyi, Renata Urbanova, Milos Kudelka, Martin Radvansky, Eva Kriegova, Tomas Papajik, Helena Urbankova
Journal: Blood (2017)
P16.07 ARC-10: Phase 3 Study of Zimberelimab ± Domvanalimab vs Standard Chemotherapy in Front-Line, PD-L1-High, Metastatic NSCLC
Authors: Y. Li, K. Krishnan, H. Gilbert, P. Phuong, X. He, D. Colburn, W. Grossman
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Social Vulnerability and Premature Cardiovascular Mortality Among US Counties, 2014 to 2018
Authors: Safi U. Khan, Zulqarnain Javed, Ahmad N. Lone, Sourbha S. Dani, Zahir Amin, Sadeer G. Al-Kindi, Salim S. Virani, Garima Sharma, Ron Blankstein, Michael J. Blaha, Miguel Cainzos-Achirica, Khurram Nasir
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Substantial differences exist between United States counties with regards to premature (<65 years of age) cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Whether underlying social vulnerabilities of counties influence premature CVD mortality is uncertain.In this cross-sectional study (2014-2018), we linked county-level CDC/ATSDR SVI (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Social Vulnerability Index) data with county-level CDC WONDER (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiological Research) mortality data. We calculated scores for overall SVI and its 4 subcomponents (ie, socioeconomic status; household composition and disability; minority status and language; and housing type and transportation) using 15 social attributes. Scores were presented as percentile rankings by county, further classified as quartiles on the basis of their distribution among all US counties (1st [least vulnerable] = 0 to 0.25; 4th [most vulnerable = 0.75 to 1.00]). We grouped age-adjusted mortality rates per 100 000 person-years for overall CVD and its subtypes (ischemic heart disease, stroke, hypertension, and heart failure) for nonelderly (<65 years of age) adults across SVI quartiles.Overall, the age-adjusted CVD mortality rate per 100 000 person-years was 47.0 (ischemic heart disease, 28.3; stroke, 7.9; hypertension, 8.4; and heart failure, 2.4). The largest concentration of counties with more social vulnerabilities and CVD mortality were clustered across the southwestern and southeastern parts of the United States. The age-adjusted CVD mortality rates increased in a stepwise manner from 1st to 4th SVI quartiles. Counties in the 4th SVI quartile had significantly higher mortality for CVD (rate ratio, 1.84 [95% CI, 1.43-2.36]), ischemic heart disease (1.52 [1.09-2.13]), stroke (2.03 [1.12-3.70]), hypertension (2.71 [1.54-4.75]), and heart failure (3.38 [1.32-8.61]) than those in the 1st SVI quartile. The relative risks varied considerably by demographic characteristics. For example, among all ethnicities/races, non-Hispanic Black adults in the 4th SVI quartile versus the 1st SVI quartile exclusively had significantly higher relative risks of stroke (1.65 [1.07-2.54]) and heart failure (2.42 [1.29-4.55]) mortality. Rural counties with more social vulnerabilities had 2- to 5-fold higher mortality attributable to CVD and subtypes.In this analysis, US counties with more social vulnerabilities had higher premature CVD mortality, varied by demographic characteristics and rurality. Focused public health interventions should address the socioeconomic disparities faced by underserved communities to curb the growing burden of premature CVD.
44P Value of comprehensive genomic profiling in pre-screening patients for NTRK fusion in STARTRK2 trial: Single centre experience
Authors: A. Ortega Franco, A. Adamson-Raieste, R. Rahman, R. Pihlak, N. Peters, J-A. Scott, S. Aruketty, C. Thomson, S. Dransfield, A. Henshaw, A. Ward, T. Cutts, L. Carter, F. Thistlethwaite, N. Cook, D.M. Graham, J. Stevenson, M.G. Krebs
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Abstract 3409: Does Absence of Coronary Calcification Predict the Absence of Coronary Plaque or Significant Luminal Stenosis on 64-Slice Computed Tomographic Coronary Angiography?
Authors: Victor Y Cheng, Norman E Lepor, Hooman Madyoon, Shervin Eshaghian, Ashkan L Naraghi, Prediman K Shah
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Objectives: We aimed to determine the prevalence and severity of coronary artery plaque (CAP) by 64-slice computed tomographic coronary angiography (CTCA) in patients with zero and low coronary art...
TRIP12 ubiquitination of glucocerebrosidase contributes to neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Bo Am Seo, Donghoon Kim, Heehong Hwang, Min Seong Kim, Shi-Xun Ma, Seung-Hwan Kwon, Sin Ho Kweon, Hu Wang, Je Min Yoo, Seulah Choi, Sang Ho Kwon, Sung-Ung Kang, Tae-In Kam, Kwangsoo Kim, Senthilkumar S Karuppagounder, Bong Gu Kang, Saebom Lee, Hyejin Park, Sangjune Kim, Wei Yan, Yong-Shi Li, Sheng-Han Kuo, Javier Redding-Ochoa, Olga Pletnikova, Juan C Troncoso, Gabsang Lee, Xiaobo Mao, Valina L Dawson, Ted M Dawson, Han Seok Ko
Journal: Neuron (2021)
Activation of MAPK/ERK signalling in Merlin-null Schwann cells leads to increased and sustained immune cell infiltration in the peripheral nervous system
Authors: Evyn Woodhouse, Liyam Laraba, Charlotte Lespade, Marie Srotyr, Alison C Lloyd, David B Parkinson
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2021)

Abstract Aims Previous work has shown that increased numbers of macrophages are associated with more rapid schwannoma tumour growth and we are interested in signals that control entry of macrophages and other immune cells into these tumours. Activation of the Raf-kinase domain and the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway within Schwann cells has been observed to induce an inflammatory response in peripheral nerves in the absence of injury. Activation of an inducible Raf-kinase transgene in Schwann cells allows modelling of acute demyelination of peripheral nerves without nerve injury. This Raf-oestrogen receptor fusion protein (Raf-TR) is activated by the oestrogen analogue Tamoxifen and so allows targeted, controlled activation of the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway within the Schwann cells. Here, in order to understand drivers of tumour formation, we assess the effect of MAPK activation in Merlin-null Schwann cells upon immune cell infiltration within the PNS. Method RafTR-P0CRE-NF2fl/fl mice of 4-6 weeks age were injected daily (IP) with 2mg of 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen or vehicle (corn oil) control for 5 consecutive days. RafTR was activated on either a Merlin (NF2) wild-type (NF2 fl/fl, P0-CRE-) or NF2 null (NF2 fl/fl, P0-CRE+) background and effects on immune cell infiltration studied in each condition. Immunofluorescence was performed in the dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) and sciatic nerves of mice to identify various immune cell infiltrates at various timepoints. These will include neutrophils, mast cells, T-Cells and macrophages using the cell markers Csf3r, C-kit, CD3 and IBA1 respectively. Results At 21 days post treatment, a significantly increased infiltration of macrophages within the sciatic nerve and dorsal root ganglia was observed in mice treated with Tamoxifen when compared to vehicle controls. Loss of NF2 led to a massive increase in the number of macrophages recruited to peripheral nerves in tamoxifen-treated mice compared to Cre- mice and Cre+ treated with vehicle alone. Further assessment of other immune cell infiltration including neutrophils, mast cells and T cells are ongoing. Conclusion Raf/MEK/ERK signalling, in the absence of tumour suppressor Merlin, significantly increases the infiltration of inflammatory cells such as macrophages into peripheral nerves even in the absence of injury. As this effect is enhanced in NF2 null mice, this suggests that Merlin plays an important role in inhibiting the inflammatory response in peripheral nerves. It also suggests that Merlin could be involved in maintaining the blood nerve barrier (BNB), as in its absence the greater influx of immune cells into the nerves and DRGs suggests a more complete loss of BNB function than just activation of the Raf/MEK/ERK cascade alone.
Spontaneous Clearance of Drug‐Resistant Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Authors: Chunwei W. Lai, Akira Nishio, Sharika Hasan, Helenie Kefalakes, Barbara Rehermann, Marc G. Ghany
Journal: Hepatology (2021)

Lai, Chunwei W.1; Nishio, Akira2; Hasan, Sharika2; Kefalakes, Helenie2; Rehermann, Barbara2; Ghany, Marc G.*,1 Author Information
Abstract 339: Hematopoietic-derived Progenitor Cells Identified in Mouse Heart Valves are also Present in Human Mitral Valves
Authors: Zoltan Hajdu, Agnes Nagy Mehesz
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

Tissue engineered heart valve constructs (TEHVCs) are thought to be the solution for the increasing needs of heart valve replacements. Using decellularized xenograft valve matrices reseeded with autologous cells seems to fulfill the demands for durability, lack of coagulation and immune reactions, in the same time allowing growth and adaptability. The presently used cell sources are not viable as the TEHVCs frequently exhibit durability issues due to inefficient seeding and subsequent calcification. The natural valve interstitial cells are very heterogeneous, their role is to maintain the extracellular matrix which is responsible for bearing the mechanical and hemodynamic load. We have previously identified, in murine heart valves, a hematopoietic bone marrow-derived progenitor cell population. These progenitor cells are continuously migrating into the heart valves and appear to participate in the normal homeostasis. The heart valve progenitor cells identified in mice seems a good candidate for TEHVCs, but first, their existence must be validated in human heart valves. We used commercially available, paraffin-embedded, human mitral valve sections from 4 different individuals to immunohistochemically identify the hematopoietic-derived progenitor cells. Combination of anti-CD45 (pan hematopoietic marker) and anti-CD133 (progenitor marker) antibodies revealed a double-positive cell population in the proximal region (toward the annulus), atrial side of the mitral leaflets - exactly where we have found the similar cells in the murine system. By further phenotypic experiments, we have excluded the presence of B- and T-lymphocytes, granulocytes and macrophages. In contrast to the mouse findings, the human CD45 + /CD133 + cells are also expressing CD34 which further emphasizes their hematopoietic origin (in mouse the CD34 is not a hematopoietic marker). By co-labeling with CD31 (Pecam-1) markers, we found that the CD45 + /CD133 + cells are never part of the endocardium, although they can be observed closely underneath. In conclusion, we have identified the CD45 + /CD133 + cells, previously identified in mice as progenitor cells, in human mitral valves. Functional characterization of these cells and their use in TEHVCs is the focus of our future work.
P22.02 Combined Use of CYFRA 21-1, CA125 and CRP Predicts Survival of Metastatic NSCLC Patients With Stable Disease
Authors: A. Mang, W. Zou, V. Rolny, M. Reck, D. Cigoianu, K. Schulze, A. Mazumder, M. Socinski, D. Shames, D. Morgenstern, B. Wehnl, N. Patil
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
The Unreasonable Patient
Authors: Andrew Thurston
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Disadvantage in early-life and persistent asthma in adolescents: a UK cohort study
Authors: Hanna Creese, Eric Lai, Kate Mason, Daniela K Schlüter, Sejal Saglani, David Taylor-Robinson, Sonia Saxena
Journal: Thorax (2021)

To determine how early-life risk factors explain socioeconomic inequalities in persistent asthma in adolescence.
Effect of 3-5 years of scheduled CEA and CT follow-up to detect recurrence of colorectal cancer: FACS randomized controlled trial.
Authors: David Mant, Rafael Perera, Alastair Gray, Peter Rose, Alice Fuller, Andrea Corkhill, Steve George, Louisa Little, Scott Regan, Jane Mellor, Sian Alexandra Pugh, John Northover, Andrew Weaver, Gamal Barsoum, Li Tee Tan, Neil Mortensen, John Scholefield, Harpreet Wasan, David Ferry, John Neil Primrose
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

3500 Background: Intensive long-term follow-up after surgery for colorectal cancer is common practice but neither the actual benefit nor the optimal methodology is known. Methods: Pragmatic factorial randomised controlled trial in 39 UK hospitals, comparing minimum follow-up (which included a single CT scan at 12-18 months) with 3-6 monthly blood carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) testing and 6-12 monthly computerised tomography (CT) imaging of the chest, abdomen and pelvis following 1202 participants for 3-5 (mean 3.7) years. Results: The proportion of participants with recurrence treated surgically with curative intent was lower than predicted (6.0% overall) but was about 3x higher in the more intensive than minimum follow-up arms (p=0.019). The adjusted odds were 2.7 for CEA only (p=0.035) and 3.4 for CT only (p=0.007); the absolute differences in detection rate in the more intensive arms compared to minimum follow-up were 4.3-5.7% (5.8-8.0% per protocol). Combining CEA and CT provided no additional benefit (adjusted odds for CT+CEA arm = 2.9). The absolute difference in the proportion of participants with recurrence treated surgically with curative intent in the factorial comparison was 1.4% for CEA (p=0.28) and 2.8% for CT (p=0.04). There was no statistical difference in colorectal cancer deaths nor overall deaths in the minimum compared to the intensive follow-up arms. Conclusions: Both regular CEA measurement and CT scanning result in significantly higher rates of diagnosis of operable recurrent colorectal cancer compared to minimal follow up. There is no benefit in monitoring with both CEA and CT. To date no difference in the overall mortality has been demonstrated. CEA monitoring combined with a single CT scan at 12-18 months seems likely to be cost effective. Clinical trial information: 41458548.
A 10-Year Social Media Analysis Exploring Hospital Online Support of Black Lives Matter and the Black Community
Authors: Yulin Hswen, Danyellé Thorpe Huerta, Circe Le-Compte, Jared B. Hawkins, John S. Brownstein
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

Tensions around COVID-19 and systemic racism have raised the question: are hospitals advocating for equity for their Black patients? It is imperative for hospitals to be supportive of the Black community and acknowledge themselves as safe spaces, run by clinicians and staff who care about social justice issues that impact the health of the Black community; without the expression of support, Black patients may perceive hospitals as uncaring and unsafe, potentially delaying or avoiding treatment, which can result in serious complications and death for those with COVID-19.To explore how hospitals showed public-facing support for the Black community as measured through tweets about social equity or the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement.Using a retrospective longitudinal cohort study design, tweets from the top 100 ranked hospitals were collected, starting with the most recent over a 10-year span, from May 3, 2009, to June 26, 2020. The date of the George Floyd killing, May 25, 2020, was investigated as a point of interest. Data were analyzed from June 11 to December 4, 2020.Tweets were manually identified based on 4 categories: BLM, associated with the BLM movement; Black support, expressed support for Black population within the hospital's community; Black health, pertained to health concerns specific to and the creation of health care for the Black community; or social justice, associated with general social justice terms that were too general to label as Black. If a tweet did not contain any hashtags from these categories, it remained unlabeled.A total of 281 850 tweets from 90 unique social media accounts were collected. Each handle returned at least 1279 tweets, with 85 handles (94.4%) returning at least 3000 tweets. Tweet publication dates ranged from 2009 to 2020. A total of 274 tweets (0.097%) from 67 handles (74.4%) used a hashtag to support the BLM movement. Among the tweets labeled BLM, the first tweet was published in 2018 and only 4 tweets (1.5%) predated the killing of George Floyd. A similar trend of low signal observed was detected for the other categories (Black support: 244 tweets [0.086%] from 42 handles [46.7%] starting in 2013; Black health: 28 tweets [0.0099%] from 15 handles [16.7%] starting in 2018; social justice: 40 tweets [0.014%] from 21 handles [23.3%] starting in 2015).These findings reflect the low signal of tweets regarding the Black community and social justice in a generalized way across approximately 10 years of tweets for all the hospital handles within the data set. From 2009 to 2020, hospitals rarely engaged in issues pertaining to the Black community and if so, only within the last half of this time period. These later entrances into these discussions indicate that these discussions are relatively recent.
MA14.03 Genomic Profiles and Potential Determinants of Response and Resistance in KRAS p.G12C-mutated NSCLC Treated With Sotorasib
Authors: F. Skoulidis, M. Schuler, J. Wolf, F. Barlesi, T. Price, G. Dy, R. Govindan, H. Borghaei, G. Falchook, B. Li, S. Ramalingam, A. Sacher, A. Spira, T. Takahashi, A. Anderson, A. Ang, T. Dai, D. Flesher, P. Cifuentes, V. Velcheti
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Association Between Risk of COVID-19 Infection in Nonimmune Individuals and COVID-19 Immunity in Their Family Members
Authors: Peter Nordström, Marcel Ballin, Anna Nordström
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2021)

The association between COVID-19 immunity within families and the risk of infection in nonimmune family members is unknown.To investigate the association between risk of COVID-19 in nonimmune individuals and the number of their family members with known immunity acquired from a previous COVID-19 infection or full vaccination (2 vaccine doses).In this cohort study of data from nationwide registries in Sweden, all individuals who acquired immunity from either previous COVID-19 infection or full vaccination until May 26, 2021, were considered for inclusion. Each person with immunity was matched 1:1 to an individual without immunity from an identified cohort of individuals with families comprising 2 to 5 members.Number of immune family members in each family on April 14, 2021 (index date), who acquired immunity from a previous COVID-19 infection or full vaccination (2 doses of the mRNA-1273, BNT162b2 mRNA, or ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine).Incident COVID-19 infection in nonimmune family members from April 15 to May 26, 2021.A total of 1 789 728 individuals from 814 806 families were included in the analysis. Each family comprised 2 to 5 family members, with a mean (SD) age at baseline of 51.3 (19.5) years. During a mean (range) follow-up time of 26.3 (1-40) days, 88 797 of 1 549 989 (5.7%) nonimmune family members (mean [SD] age, 51.6 [17.7] years; 790 276 men [51.0%]) were diagnosed with COVID-19. There was an inverse dose-response association between the number of immune members in each family and the risk of incident COVID-19 infection in nonimmune family members. Nonimmune families with 1 immune family member had a 45% to 61% lower risk of contracting COVID-19 (hazard ratio [HR], 0.39-0.55; 95% CI, 0.37-0.61, P < .001). The risk reduction increased to 75% to 86% in families with 2 immune family members (HR, 0.14-0.25; 95% CI, 0.11-0.27; P < .001), 91% to 94% with 3 immune family members (HR, 0.06-0.09; 95% CI, 0.04-0.10; P < .001), and 97% with 4 immune family members (HR, 0.03; 95% CI, 0.02-0.05; P < .001). The results were similar for the outcome of COVID-19 infection that was severe enough to warrant a hospital stay.In this cohort study, family members without immunity had a 45% to 97% lower risk of contracting COVID-19 as the number of immune family members increased. Vaccination is a key strategy for decreasing the transmission of the virus within families.