tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Genetic predisposition to cancer across people of different ancestries in Qatar: a population-based, cohort study
Authors: Mohamad Saad, Younes Mokrab, Najeeb Halabi, Jingxuan Shan, Rozaimi Razali, Khalid Kunji, Najeeb Syed, Ramzi Temanni, Murugan Subramanian, Michele Ceccarelli, Arash Rafii Tabrizi, Davide Bedognetti, Lotfi Chouchane, Said I Ismail, Wadha Al-Muftah, Radja Badji, Hamdi Mbarek, Dima Darwish, Tasnim Fadl, Heba Yasin, Maryem Ennaifar, Rania Abdellatif, Fatima Alkuwari, Muhammad Alvi, Yasser Al-Sarraj, Chadi Saad, Eleni Fethnou, Fatima Qafoud, Eiman Alkhayat, Nahla Afifi, Sara Tomei, Wei Liu, Stephan Lorenz, Najeeb Syed, Hakeem Almabrazi, Fazulur R Vempalli, Ramzi Temanni, Tariq Abu Saqri, Mohammedhusen Khatib, Mehshad Hamza, Tariq Abu Zaid, Ahmed El Khouly, Tushar Pathare, Shafeeq Poolat, Rashid Al-Ali, Omar Albagha, Souhaila Al-Khodor, Mashael Alshafai, Ramin Badii, Lotfi Chouchane, Xavier Estivill, Khalid Fakhro, Hamdi Mbarek, Younes Mokrab, Jithesh V Puthen, Karsten Suhre, Zohreh Tatari
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2022)
Issues and Updates
Journal: Diabetes Care (1993)

Dr. Gavin's induction coincided with the release of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) results at ADA's annual meeting in June.He is particularly excited about this because ADA's role as the main source of information on the DCCT has given the organization an opportunity to reach even more people with the message of diabetes control and prevention.However, along with the opportunity comes responsibility.As Dr. Gavin says, "ADA has to be responsible for appropriate interpretation and application of the DCCT results.ADA's responsibility for providing guidelines [for those with diabetes and for health-care providers] that are appropriate will increase, and the results increase the urgency of that part of ADA's mission."Dr. Gavin feels that because of ADA's role in the DCCT, more primary care providers will be drawn to ADA, which is one of Dr. Gavin's main goals.He wants primary care providers to view ADA as the premier source of information on diabetes care.
PTH-044 A Single-centre Pilot Study Examining Internet Use For Health Related Information Among Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: K Greveson, T Shepherd, M Hamilton, CD Murray
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The internet offers a wealth of information for patients with chronic disease, facilitating education and shared decision making; however, this can often be unregulated and inaccurate.<sup>1</sup> Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients use of the internet has been investigated<sup>2</sup> but no studies have examined whether internet use alters with disease activity or influences patients decisions regarding health. We evaluated patients internet use for health-related information (HRI), including factors influencing website choice and whether this information influences decisions regarding healthcare or changes with disease severity. <h3>Methods</h3> A prospective, pilot survey of 170 consecutive patients attending the IBD clinic over a one month period in November 2013. The anonymous questionnaire included demographic information on age, gender, education level, diagnosis and disease activity. There were also questions regarding use of the internet for HRI, determinants of website quality and influences of information found on the internet on decisions affecting their health. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 136 IBD patients completed the questionnaire (80% response rate), 60 [44%] male, age 18–85 years [median age 37 years] 67 [49%] had CD; 84 [62%] reported a flare of symptoms in the preceding 6 months. 126 (93%) use the internet, 110 (81%) of which access HRI information via the internet. 94% of patients were educated to completion of high school or above and level of education did not affect internet use. Using NHS direct (46%), Crohn’s and colitis UK (40%) and IBD forums (29%), patients searched for general health (77; 57%); IBD specific (63; 46%) and medication (47; 35%) information. 45 (33%) stated that information found on the internet would influence their choice of medication, irrespective of a flare within the last 6 months. 71% (96) felt confident that they could obtain factual information on the internet, although when determining website quality, overall appearance and position in search engines and whether the site was non-commercial were ranked least important and IBD-specific sites from a reputable source most important. <h3>Conclusion</h3> In our study, internet use is shown to be a major source of disease –specific information and can affect patients’ decision making. Internet usage and type of information sought do not alter with disease activity, suggesting that information is equally useful to all patients with IBD. <h3>References</h3> 1 Fortinsky <i>et al</i>. Innflam Bow. Dis 2012; 18(6):1156–63 2 Cima <i>et al</i>. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2012; 13 (10)1266–1270 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Why 90% of clinical drug development fails and how to improve it?
Authors: Duxin Sun, Wei Gao, Hongxiang Hu, Simon Zhou
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2022)

Ninety percent of clinical drug development fails despite implementation of many successful strategies, which raised the question whether certain aspects in target validation and drug optimization are overlooked? Current drug optimization overly emphasizes potency/specificity using structure‒activity-relationship (SAR) but overlooks tissue exposure/selectivity in disease/normal tissues using structure‒tissue exposure/selectivity–relationship (STR), which may mislead the drug candidate selection and impact the balance of clinical dose/efficacy/toxicity. We propose structure‒tissue exposure/selectivity–activity relationship (STAR) to improve drug optimization, which classifies drug candidates based on drug's potency/selectivity, tissue exposure/selectivity, and required dose for balancing clinical efficacy/toxicity. Class I drugs have high specificity/potency and high tissue exposure/selectivity, which needs low dose to achieve superior clinical efficacy/safety with high success rate. Class II drugs have high specificity/potency and low tissue exposure/selectivity, which requires high dose to achieve clinical efficacy with high toxicity and needs to be cautiously evaluated. Class III drugs have relatively low (adequate) specificity/potency but high tissue exposure/selectivity, which requires low dose to achieve clinical efficacy with manageable toxicity but are often overlooked. Class IV drugs have low specificity/potency and low tissue exposure/selectivity, which achieves inadequate efficacy/safety, and should be terminated early. STAR may improve drug optimization and clinical studies for the success of clinical drug development.
When I use a word . . . . St Bartholomew—onomastics and reputation
Authors: Jeffrey K Aronson
Journal: BMJ (2022)

A management suggestion that the Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, which is part of the Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), should be renamed the QMUL Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry has not met with universal approval. The international reputation of Barts, founded nearly 900 years ago, is a major consideration in this plan. A better course of action would be to change the name of QMUL to St Bartholomew's University and call the school the Barts and the London Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry at Barts University.
KASL clinical practice guidelines: Management of Hepatitis C
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2014)

PREAMBLE AimsPractice Guidelines for Management of Hepatitis C were first established in 2004.Since then, many study results have been published concerned with epidemiology, clinical outcomes and related factors, concept of response-guided therapy, therapeutic strategy, and results.Moreover, as direct acting antivirals (DAA) have been recently developed and adapted to practice, treatment of hepatitis C is rapidly evolving.Therefore, the Korean Association for the Study of the Liver (KASL) revised the guidelines based on a systematic approach that reflects evidence-based medicine and expert opinions.The clinical practice guidelines for the management of hepatitis C have been revised to be useful for treatment, research, and education.These recommendations are not absolute standards of care, and adoption of the guidelines in clinical practice may differ for individual patients. Target populationThe target groups of these guidelines are newly or previously diagnosed patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, including not only chronic hepatitis C and cirrhosis, but also acute hepatitis C patients, hepatitis C patients under special medical conditions, such as intravenous drug use (IVDU), those with chronic kidney diseases, coinfection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or hepatitis B virus (HBV), and pediatric patients. Intended usersThe guidelines are intended to provide useful information and guidance to physicians and healthcare providers involving in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis C, and resident physicians, practitioners, and trainers. Development, funding, and revisionThe Clinical Practice Guidelines Committee for the Management of Hepatitis C (Committee) consisting of nine hepatologists was organized according to the proposal and with approval of the KASL Board of Executives.Funding for the revision was
Non-Invasive Biomarkers of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: the FNIH NIMBLE project
Authors: Arun J. Sanyal, Sudha S. Shankar, Roberto A. Calle, Anthony E. Samir, Claude B. Sirlin, Sarah P. Sherlock, Rohit Loomba, Kathryn J. Fowler, Clayton A. Dehn, Helen Heymann, Tania N. Kamphaus
Journal: Nature Medicine (2022)
Dizygotic twinning
Authors: Chantal Hoekstra, Zhen Zhen Zhao, Cornelius B. Lambalk, Gonneke Willemsen, Nicholas G. Martin, Dorret I. Boomsma, Grant W. Montgomery
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2007)

The tendency to conceive spontaneous dizygotic (DZ) twins is a complex trait with important contributions from both environmental factors and genetic disposition. Twins are relatively common and occur on average 13 times per 1000 maternities, though the twinning frequency varies over time and geographic location. This variation is mostly attributed to the differences in DZ twinning rate, since the monozygotic twinning rate is relatively constant. DZ twinning is in part under genetic control, with mothers of DZ twins reporting significantly more female family members with DZ twins than mothers of monozygotic twins. Maternal factors such as genetic history, advanced age and increased parity are known to increase the risk of DZ twins. Recent research confirmed that taller mothers and mothers with a high body mass index (30>) are at greater risk of DZ twinning. Seasonality, smoking, oral contraceptive use and folic acid show less convincing associations with twinning. Genetic analysis is beginning to identify genes contributing to the variation in twinning. Mutations in one of these genes (growth differentiation factor 9) are significantly more frequent in mothers of DZ twins. However, the mutations are rare and only account for a small part of the genetic contribution for twinning.
Comparison of the removal ability of basket catheters for small bile duct stones impacted in the corner pocket of the lower bile duct
Authors: Tadahisa Inoue, Mayu Ibusuki, Rena Kitano, Kazumasa Sakamoto, Satoshi Kimoto, Yuji Kobayashi, Yoshio Sumida, Yukiomi Nakade, Kiyoaki Ito, Masashi Yoneda
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

Abstract Background Endoscopic stone extraction is often challenging in patients with a significant lower bile duct corner pocket, where small stones are likely to escape and become impacted. This study aimed to determine the utility of different types of baskets for retrieving corner pocket stones. Methods Seven types of retrieval baskets were evaluated on silicone models. The study outcomes included the characteristics of each basket and technical success rates associated with the retrieval of stones impacted in the corner pocket. Results The overall success rate was only 27.5 %, with significant differences between the baskets (P &lt; 0.001). Only three baskets yielded successful removal. The success rates were 10 %, 25 %, and 70 % with the 8-wire Nitinol Basket, RASEN, and VorticCatch V, respectively, all of which are helical eight-wire baskets. RASEN and VorticCatch V share similar characteristics, including a strong spiral wire and smaller interwire spaces at their distal ends. The addition of rotation significantly increased the success rate to 80 % with the 8-wire Nitinol Basket (P &lt; 0.001) and 90 % with RASEN (P &lt; 0.001). Conclusions Robust helical eight-wire baskets with smaller interwire spaces at the tip may be effective for extracting corner pocket stones, while the addition of rotational motion may improve the efficacy of retrieval.
Dosierungstabelle für die Röntgen-Therapie. Allgemein gefasste und nach den Spezialfächern geordnete Bestrahlungs-Rezepte für die zugänglichen Krankheiten mit Berücksichtigung der neureren Forschungen den Bedürfnissen der Praxis entsprechend gestaltet und mit Erläuterungen versehen.
Journal: JAMA (1923)

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Gloucestershire Medical Association: Petition to the House of Commons
Journal: BMJ (1841)

medical gentlemen, Mr. Lucas divided the genio-hyo-glossi muscles with a pair of strong scissors, havinig first made a section of the mucous membrane of the mouth in their vicinity, anid carefully avoiding the 'Xharton-an ducts, ranine arteties, &c.The hbmorrhage, although entirely venous, was not inconsiderable, and retarded the steps of the operation, which, however, was completed with very
SWEDEN
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Scandinavian Journal of Immunology.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

The objective of the study was to investigate the antigen specificity and occurrence of individual autoantibodies in mothers of children diagnosed with atrioventricular (AV) block in a nation-wide setting.Patients with AV block detected before 15 years of age were identified using national quality registries as well as a network of pediatric and adult cardiologists and rheumatologists at the six university hospitals in Sweden.Patients with gross heart malformations, surgically or infectiously induced blocks were excluded.Blood samples were obtained from the mothers and maternal autoantibody profile, including the occurrence of antibodies against Ro52, Ro60, La, SmB, SmD, RNP-70k, RNP-A, RNP-C, CENP-C, Scl-70, Jo-1, ribosomal RNP and histones was investigated in 193 mothers of children with AV block by immunoblotting and ELISA.Autoantibody reactivity was detected in 48% (93/193) of the mothers of children with AV block.In autoantibody-positive mothers, the vast majority, 95% (88/93), had antibodies against Ro52, while 63% (59/93) had autoantibodies to Ro60 and 58% (54/93) had autoantibodies to La.In addition, 13% (12/93) of the autoantibody-positive mothers had antibodies to other investigated antigens besides Ro52, Ro60 and La, and of these antihistone antibodies were most commonly represented, detected in 8% (7/93) of the mothers.In conclusion, this Swedish population-based study confirm that maternal autoantibodies may associate with heart block in the child.Further, our data demonstrate a dominant role of Ro52 antibodies in association with AV block.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Arthur Kaser, Sebastian Zeissig, Richard S. Blumberg
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (2010)

Insights into inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are advancing rapidly owing to immunologic investigations of a plethora of animal models of intestinal inflammation, ground-breaking advances in the interrogation of diseases that are inherited as complex genetic traits, and the development of culture-independent methods to define the composition of the intestinal microbiota. These advances are bringing a deeper understanding to the genetically determined interplay between the commensal microbiota, intestinal epithelial cells, and the immune system and the manner in which this interplay might be modified by relevant environmental factors in the pathogenesis of IBD. This review examines these interactions and, where possible, potential lessons from IBD-directed, biologic therapies that may allow for elucidation of pathways that are central to disease pathogenesis in humans.
Fehlbildungen
Authors: Hans-Conrad Oppermann
Journal: Thorax (2003)

Fehlbildungen des Respirationstraktes und der Lungen manifestieren sich klinisch oft schon im Neugeborenenalter. In Abhängigkeit von der Komplexität und dem Ausprägungsgrad der Anomalien kann sich im Einzellfall akut eine bedrohliche respiratorische Insuffizienz entwickeln. Deswegen kommt der schnellen und gezielten Diagnostik dieser Fehlbildungen eine große Bedeutung zu.
Activism, Medical Student Style
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Analysis of literary style: Thomas Babington Macaulay
Authors: L. S. King
Journal: JAMA (1967)

How do we recognize people? Most commonly, of course, when there is great familiarity, we can make an identification without difficulty and without thinking about it. But even in such instances we may not be able to analyze just how we do it, or to tell what criteria we use in distinguishing one person from another. If we reflect, we realize that the face, the walk, the voice, the figure, help in making a differentiation. Yet it is not easy to break down the total perception into its elements, nor to indicate the extent to which the complexion, the shape of the nose, the smile, the set of the eyes, the color and quantity of hair, the texture of the skin—these and innumerable other features—play a part in our recognition. In many respects the same situation obtains with authors and their writings. Many writers have a style so characteristic that
Section C. CLINICAL: MECHANISMS, TYPES AND TREATMENT OF INJURIES
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1973)

The authors, according to the determined method of division of causes and mechanism of sports injuries, have processed 12,782 sport injuries.When a computor was applied, a detailed observation of causes and mechanism of injuries in different kinds of sports and also their mutual interdependence was possible.The causes of injuries were divided in subjective causes (2.2%) and objective ones.These were further divided as objective themselves (16.4%) caused by a factor of another person (64.9%) by a technical factor (8.8%) by climatic influences (7.2%) on basis of wrong organisation (0.0%) and unknown causes (0.5%).Mechanism of injuries was presented as a downfall (15.4%) a downfall as a component of a sport action (12.3%) a jump up (1.1%) striking (28.1%) a stroke (11.6%) a collision (26.8%) a sudden uncoordinated movement (4.0%) different (0.2%) and an unascertained mechanism (0.5%).On the basis of results achieved in this study the authors have developed new aspects on the prevention of sport injuries.
Correction: Who will deliver your baby?
Authors: S Harcourt-Webster
Journal: BMJ (1981)

belong to the Royal College of General Practitioners and yet are making strong endeavours to update themselves, often against heavy odds, into the era of 1981, get- ting themselves either into or close to com- puterisation, resuscitation, self-audit, etc.I would only like to suggest to those who think that the college should remain a closed shop that this is probably not in the long term in its own best interest, and that some form of associate membership, as has been mentioned, on the basis of inspection of how practices are organised and work, may be a viable way of having additional valuable membership.Perhaps it would not be inappropriate to point out that all doctors have in the past put themselves through a somewhat extensive examination system, and for various reasons may not wish to be forever taking yet more examinations.We all know from experience that examinations are of very limited value: they show only that a person has a potential but do not prove that the potential will, in fact, be used.May I suggest that the readers and the college meditate on some of these points ?
Inhaled heparin polysaccharide nanodecoy against SARS-CoV-2 and variants
Authors: Bin Tu, Huiyuan Wang, Xinran An, Jingkun Qu, Qianqian Li, Yanrong Gao, Mingjie Shi, Hong Qiu, Yongzhuo Huang
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2022)

The heparin polysaccharide nanoparticles block the interaction between heparan sulfate/S protein and inhibit the infection of both wild-type SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus and the mutated strains through pulmonary delivery.Image 1.