tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Deaths
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The potential long-term comparative effectiveness of larotrectinib versus entrectinib for treatment of metastatic TRK fusion colorectal cancer.
Authors: Kangho Suh, Josh John Carlson, Fang Xia, Todd E. Williamson, Sean D Sullivan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

40 Background: Commonly used systemic therapies in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) for patients who have progressed through available first- and second-line regimens are regorafenib or trifluridine/tipiracil. For the subset of metastatic CRC patients with neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase ( NTRK) gene fusions, there are two additional approved options, larotrectinib or entrectinib. Our objective was to estimate and compare expected life-years (LYs) and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) for metastatic TRK fusion CRC patients receiving larotrectinib versus entrectinib. Methods: We developed a partitioned survival model to project long-term comparative effectiveness of larotrectinib vs. entrectinib. Extrapolation was necessary as follow-up for both drugs was less than three years at the time of data reporting. Survival data for larotrectininb, assessed by independent review committee, were derived from a July 2020 analysis of 8 adult (≥18 years of age) TRK fusion CRC patients from the larotrectinib clinical trials program (NCT02122913, NCT02637687, and NCT02576431). Survival inputs for entrectinib were derived from 7 TRK fusion CRC patients from an October 2018 integrated analysis of three single arm trials (EudraCT 2012-000148-88, NCT02097810, and NCT02568267). Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for both treatments were estimated using parametric survival distributions (Exponential, Weibull, Log-logistic, and Log-normal) fit to the available data. Exponential curves were used based on goodness-of-fit and clinical plausibility. QALYs were estimated by adjusting the time spent in the pre-progression and post-progression health states by health state utilities derived from publicly available literature. A constant discount rate of 3% was applied to LYs and QALYs. Model uncertainty was evaluated using one-way sensitivity analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis with 10,000 simulations. Results: Larotrectinib resulted in 2.11 LYs and 1.60 QALYs compared to 0.53 LYs and 0.41 QALYs for entrectinib. These estimates yielded additional gains for larotrectinib of 1.58 LYs and 1.19 QALYs against entrectinib. Conclusions: In metastatic TRK fusion CRC, larotrectinib may produce substantial life expectancy and quality-adjusted life-year gains compared to entrectinib. Additional data with longer follow-up times will further inform this comparison.
Allergy and Immunology
Authors: David L. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Developments allergy stem from a new appreciation of the immunology of classic immediate hypersensitivity (anaphylactic-type) reactions. Allergic reactions are now known to be biphasic, with an immediate component and a late component. When exposure to an allergen is long-term, inflammatory allergic reactions produce chronic symptoms. This understanding has provided a major change in the therapeutic approach to allergic diseases. Such insights are timely because an apparent worldwide epidemic of fatal asthma has occurred despite ever-increasing expenditures for asthma medications. In allergic reactions, IgE attached to sensitized mast cells and basophils binds with the allergen and triggers the release of mediators. IgE-mediated cutaneous allergic reactions, like those that occur after beestings, have been known for years to be biphasic, ie, they have an immediate component (wheal and flare), which occurs within 20 minutes, and a subsequent late component (erythema and induration), which usually occurs 6 to 12 hours later. Biopsy specimens
I научная сессия Института гастроэнтерологии НАМН Украины «Современные технологии в диагностике и лечении гастроэнтерологических больных»
Authors: Ю.Ю. Степанова, Н.г. Гравировская
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2013)

20–21 июня в Днепропетровске под эгидой Национальной академии медицинских наук Украины и Министерства здравоохранения Украины состоялась I научная сессия Института гастроэнтерологии НАМН Украины «Современные технологии в диагностике и лечении гастроэнтерологических больных».
Obituary Listing
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Towards a better understanding of antimicrobial resistance dissemination: what can be learnt from studying model conjugative plasmids?
Authors: Zhen Shen, Christoph M. Tang, Guang-Yu Liu
Journal: Military Medical Research (2022)

Abstract Bacteria can evolve rapidly by acquiring new traits such as virulence, metabolic properties, and most importantly, antimicrobial resistance, through horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Multidrug resistance in bacteria, especially in Gram-negative organisms, has become a global public health threat often through the spread of mobile genetic elements. Conjugation represents a major form of HGT and involves the transfer of DNA from a donor bacterium to a recipient by direct contact. Conjugative plasmids, a major vehicle for the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance, are selfish elements capable of mediating their own transmission through conjugation. To spread to and survive in a new bacterial host, conjugative plasmids have evolved mechanisms to circumvent both host defense systems and compete with co-resident plasmids. Such mechanisms have mostly been studied in model plasmids such as the F plasmid, rather than in conjugative plasmids that confer antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in important human pathogens. A better understanding of these mechanisms is crucial for predicting the flow of antimicrobial resistance-conferring conjugative plasmids among bacterial populations and guiding the rational design of strategies to halt the spread of antimicrobial resistance. Here, we review mechanisms employed by conjugative plasmids that promote their transmission and establishment in Gram-negative bacteria, by following the life cycle of conjugative plasmids.
HELIX-ICC: An-open label phase II trial of induction systemic mFOLFIRINOX followed by concurrent hepatic arterial infusion of floxuridine and systemic mFOLFIRI for unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.
Authors: Brett S Walker, Adel Kardosh, Robert Eil, Melissa Wong, Alice Fung, Jonathan Brody, Sudarshan Anand, Christopher L. Corless, Lissi Hansen, Susan Rosenkranz, Byung Park, Emerson Yu-sheng Chen, Anna Jackson, Johnson Vo, Anne Fahlman, Flavio G. Rocha, Charles D. Lopez, Shaun Goodyear, Skye C. Mayo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

TPS500 Background: The majority of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) present with advanced liver dominant disease rendering them unresectable. The current standard of care supports palliative treatment of unresectable ICC with gemcitabine plus cisplatin. Alternatively, continuous liver-directed therapy using a surgically implanted hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) pump allows for maximal treatment of liver tumors with limited systemic side-effects and can facilitate conversion to a resectable status. No prospective clinical trial has utilized FOLFIRINOX in combination with HAI floxuridine-dexamethasone for ICC. Methods: HELIX-ICC is a first-line, single-center, single-arm, phase II clinical trial enrolling patients with liver-dominant unresectable or multifocal ICC. Only patients with microsatellite stable cancer and no prior liver radiotherapy will be included. Patients are administered dose-modified FOLFIRINOX systemically for 4 cycles over 8 weeks. Those with evidence of disease control on restaging imaging and laparoscopy will proceed to HAI pump placement. Treatment continues with two 28-day cycles of combined HAI floxuridine (1.08 mg/kg) with dexamethasone for 14 days and systemic dose-modified FOLFIRI starting on day 15. The primary objectives are to evaluate the safety and efficacy (disease control rate [DCR] at 6 months) of this novel treatment approach that utilizes our institutional dose-reduced HAI floxuridine protocol in combination with modified systemic regimens to facilitate control of liver disease and maximize patient quality of life (QoL). HELIX-ICC includes many exploratory analyses through longitudinal collection of blood samples, liver biopsies (including an end of trial research biopsy), and QoL metrics (Table). The study is open to n = 30 with an initial safety run-in of 6 patients, of which 4 have enrolled at the time of submission. This study is designed to allow for drop out of 9 patients, with total accrual of 21 patients to protocol completion achieving 80.2% power at 0.05 significance to detect a 25% increase in DCR at 6 months. Clinical trial information: NCT04251715. [Table: see text]
Maintaining the HIV response in a world shaped by COVID-19
Authors: None The Lancet
Journal: The Lancet (2020)

Although global attention is dominated by COVID-19, the HIV/AIDS pandemic, as it enters its fifth decade, is far from over. Since the early 1980s, 75·7 million people have become infected with HIV. 32·7 million people have died from AIDS-related illnesses. HIV/AIDS remains a major public health crisis and only a few countries will meet the 90–90–90 treatment target for 2020. Much has been made of how information systems and service models in the HIV response have helped the COVID-19 response, but the COVID-19 pandemic could have knock-on effects on the HIV response and be devastating for communities.
Hippocratic Oath
Authors: John M. Clark
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
AMAGRAMS
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of prone positioning on survival in adult patients receiving venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for acute respiratory distress syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Laurent Papazian, Matthieu Schmidt, David Hajage, Alain Combes, Matthieu Petit, Guillaume Lebreton, Jonathan Rilinger, Marco Giani, Camille Le Breton, Thibault Duburcq, Mathieu Jozwiak, Tobias Wengenmayer, Damien Roux, Rachael Parke, Anderson Loundou, Christophe Guervilly, Laurent Boyer
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2022)
Albinism.
Authors: Albert S. Ashmead
Journal: JAMA (1896)

New York, Aug. 22, 1896. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —As bearing on the subject of racial degeneracy, I report the following cases: 1. Mrs. B.. an ultra-blonde, native of county Wexford, Ireland (limestone region), recently died of aortic stenosis and cerebral embolism, leaving as surviving family: a sister, congenitally hunchbacked, a deaf and dumb son, and two daughters, one unusually tall, who is goitrous, the other a<i>full albino</i>. 2. Miss C., aged 28, whose parents both were deaf mutes, has a streak of<i>perfectly white hair</i>an inch in width, extending from occiput to forehead; this was congenital. I ask the question therefore, is not albinism like deaf-mutism, goiter, dwarfing, etc., evidence of racial degeneracy? Certainly there exists some relation between vitiligo and leprosy, and the latter is found only in degenerate classes.
Efficacy and safety of anlotinib with or without PD-1 blockades in the treatment of advanced primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): A real-world exploratory study.
Authors: Xiao-Qi Chen, Yun-Xia Zhao, Chuan-Lei Zhang, Xin-Ting Wang, Chang-Wei Yuan, Ai-Ying Ji, Xin-Ju Chen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

432 Background: Half of the new cases and deaths of HCC was observed in China all over the world in 2020. However, the prognosis of traditional treatments for patients (pts) with HCC was dismal currently. Small-molecule anti-angiogenesis targeted drugs and PD-1 blockades were proved to demonstrate potential efficacy in advanced primary HCC. Anlotinib was a novel oral multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor for tumor angiogenesis and proliferation, which had been licensed for treatment of considerable malignancies in China. However, the real-world evidence of anlotinib and PD-1 blockades in HCC was still scanty currently. Consequently, the aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and toxicity of anlotinib with or without PD-1 blockades in the treatment of advanced primary HCC in real-world. Methods: Pts with advanced primary HCC who received at least 2 cycles of anlotinib (8̃12mg, po, d1̃14, q3w) were recruited in this study. Clinical efficacy and survival data was summarized, adverse events were documented retrospectively. The tumor response was assessed by investigator according to RECIST version 1.1 using CT scans. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR), secondary endpoints were disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and safety. Results: From Jul 2019 to May 2021, a total of 28 eligible pts were screened. Among them, 12 pts received anlotinib as first-line treatment, 9 pts as second-line treatment and 7 pts as third-line treatment and above. In best overall response assessment, there were 5 CR (17.8%), 2 PR (7.1%), 13 SD (46.4%), 7 PD (25.0%) and 1 NE (3.5%). ORR was 25.0% (95%CI: 10.7̃44.9%) and DCR was 71.4% (95%CI: 55.3̃86.8%). At the data cut-off date, 15 pts discontinued treatment due to disease progression, the preliminarily prognostic results indicated that the median PFS of the 28 pts was 4.93 months (95%CI: 1.60̃8.26), and the median OS was 13.21 months (95%CI: 10.77̃15.65). Specifically, 14 pts combined with PD-1 blockades treatment, ORR was 28.6% (95%CI: 8.4̃58.1%) and DCR was 71.4% (95%CI: 41.9̃91.6%). The remaining 14 pts failed to receive PD-1 blockade combination therapy with the ORR of 21.4% (95%CI: 4.7̃50.8%) and DCR of 71.4% (95%CI: 41.9̃91.6%). The safety profile suggested that the most common drug-related adverse events were decreased appetite, fatigue, thrombocytopenia, hypertension, diarrhea, anemia, hand-foot syndrome, proteinuria and bleeding. The common grade 3 adverse event was bleeding (10.7%). Conclusions: Present study indicated that anlotinib-related regimens in the treatment of advanced primary HCC exhibited potential efficacy and manageable adverse events in real-world setting. The conclusion should be validated in more pts included subsequently.
Live attenuated bacterium limits cancer resistance to CAR-T therapy by remodeling the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Fengguang Guo, Jugal K Das, Koichi S Kobayashi, Qing-Ming Qin, Thomas A Ficht, Robert C Alaniz, Jianxun Song, Paul De Figueiredo
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2022)

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is characterized by the activation of immune checkpoints, which limit the ability of immune cells to attack the growing cancer. To overcome immune suppression in the clinic, antigen-expressing viruses and bacteria have been developed to induce antitumor immunity. However, the safety and targeting specificity are the main concerns of using bacteria in clinical practice as antitumor agents. In our previous studies, we have developed an attenuated bacterial strain ( Brucella melitensis 16M ∆ vjbR , henceforth Bm∆ vjbR ) for clinical use, which is safe in all tested animal models and has been removed from the select agent list by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In this study, we demonstrated that Bm∆ vjbR homed to tumor tissue and improved the TME in a murine model of solid cancer. In addition, live Bm∆ vjbR promoted proinflammatory M1 polarization of tumor macrophages and increased the number and activity of CD8 + T cells in the tumor. In a murine colon adenocarcinoma model, when combined with adoptive transfer of tumor-specific carcinoembryonic antigen chimeric antigen receptor CD8 + T cells, tumor cell growth and proliferation was almost completely abrogated, and host survival was 100%. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that the live attenuated bacterial treatment can defeat cancer resistance to chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy by remodeling the TME to promote macrophage and T cell-mediated antitumor immunity.
Intravenous Tumor Thrombus From Papillary Carcinoma of Thyroid Demonstrated by 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Yu Wang, Lisha Jiang, Xinyue Zhang, Yangmengyuan Xu, Bin Liu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2022)

A 24-year-old man with papillary thyroid carcinoma underwent 131I ablation after thyroidectomy. On posttherapy whole-body scintigraphy, only the remnant thyroid was visualized. In view of elevated unstimulated thyroglobulin level 7 months after 131I ablation, 18F-FDG PET/CT scan was ordered for further evaluation. On PET/CT images, a large filling defect from the dilated left brachiocephalic vein to superior vena cava was noted corresponding with high FDG uptake. It was considered as a malignant thrombus.
Hematopoietic differentiation activity of a recombinant human interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) isoform resulting from alternatively spliced deletion of the second exon
Authors: Daniel P. Kestler, Keith M. Goldstein, Sujata Agarwal, Joseph E. Fuhr, Richard Andrews, Robert E. Hall
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

We have previously identified and cloned an alternatively spliced form of human interleukin-6 mRNA lacking exon II, which encodes amino acid residues known to be important in gp130-mediated signal transduction pathways. We expressed and purified the recombinant protein (rIL6-alt) resulting from this alternatively spliced mRNA and now report the initial characterization of its biologic activities with comparison to full length IL6 (rIL6-full). rIL6-alt was found to have 104 to 105 fold less activity in proliferation assays with 7TD1 murine plasmacytoma cells and did not competitively inhibit the stimulatory activity of rIL6-full. In addition, like rIL6-full, rIL6-alt had antiproliferative activity toward M1 murine myeloblast cells and was 10–200-fold less active than rIL6-full. In contrast, in assays with human HL60 promyelocytic leukemia cells, rIL6-alt had greater antiproliferative activity than rIL6-full and more strongly upregulated phagocytosis as well as surface expression of the differentiation antigen CD11b. rIL6-full and rIL6-alt upregulated the level of lysozyme mRNA in HL60 cells approximately equally. These findings suggest that IL6-alt, which lacks amino acid residues encoded by the second exon of the gene, is not a natural inhibitor of IL6-full but may be relatively tissue specific and may play a role in modulation of hematopoietic cell growth and differentiation. Am. J. Hematol. 61:169–177, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.