tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Transient depolarization and spontaneous voltage fluctuations in isolated single cells from guinea pig ventricles. Calcium-mediated membrane potential fluctuations.
Authors: HMatsuda, ANoma, YKurachi, HIrisawa
Journal: Circulation Research (1982)

Under the influence of cardiotonic steroids, single ventricular cells exhibit transient depolarization after a train of driven action potentials or, in voltage clamp experiments, transient inward current after a depolarizing clamp pulse. Transient depolarization or transient inward current was abolished by an intracellular injection of ethyleneglycol-bis (beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) or by superfusion of 5 mM caffeine. Transient depolarization was elicited even in the control Tyrode's solution by an intracellular injection of CaCl2 or augmented by an injection of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphoric acid (cAMP). Along with transient depolarization or transient inward current, digitalis intoxication promoted spontaneous oscillatory fluctuations in membrane potential or in membrane current. Their power spectra showed peaks at frequencies ranging from 2 to 7 Hz, which coincided well with the frequency of repetitive transient depolarization or transient inward current. The fluctuations...
Intravenous and intrapulmonary recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator in the treatment of acute massive pulmonary embolism.
Authors: MVerstraete, G AMiller, HBounameaux, BCharbonnier, J PColle, GLecorf, G AMarbet, PMombaerts, C GOlsson
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Eight centers participated in a study in which intrapulmonary and intravenous administration of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) were compared in 34 patients with acute massive pulmonary embolism. All patients received intravenous heparin in a bolus of 5,000 IU followed by 1,000 IU/hr. After 50 mg rt-PA given over 2 hr the severity of embolism, determined from pulmonary angiograms, declined by 12% in the intrapulmonary drug group (p less than .005) and 15% in the intravenous drug group (p less than .005); mean pulmonary arterial pressure fell from 31 +/- 7 to 22 +/- 6 mm Hg (p less than .005) and from 31 +/- 12 to 21 +/- 9 mm Hg (p less than .005) in the respective groups. After a further 50 mg given over 5 hr (22 patients), the angiographically determined severity of embolism had decreased by 38% from baseline in the intrapulmonary drug group and by 38% in the intravenous drug group. The mean pulmonary arterial pressure further declined to 18 +/- 7 and 12 +/- 5 mm Hg in the respectiv...
Response of aldosterone and blood pressure to angiotensin II infusion in anephric man. Effect of sodium deprivation.
Authors: JDeheneffe, VCuesta, J DBriggs, J JBrown, RFraser, A FLever, J JMorton, I SRobertson, MTree
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

Angiotensin II, infused intravenously, increased plasma aldosterone concentration in two of six anephric subjects taking their usual dietary quantities of sodium. After 3 days of dietary sodium restriction and weight-reducing hemodialysis, the aldosterone response to infused angiotensin II in the two previously reactive subjects was enhanced, while the four previously unreactive subjects also showed a rise in plasma aldosterone. Before and after sodium depletion the anephric subjects were less responsive than normal subjects. Even when sodium-depleted, the anephrics showed no further rise in plasma aldosterone when arterial plasma angiotensin II was increased by infusion to concentrations greater than 50-199pg/ml, in contrast to sodium-depleted normals who show progressive aldosterone responses with plasma angiotensin II concentrations up to at least 370pg/ml. Before the infusion of angiotensin II, arterial plasma renin, angiotensin II, and aldosterone were detectable in the anephrics, but were unchanged ...
Effects of sodium nitroprusside and nitroglycerin on tension prolongation of cat papillary muscle during recovery from hypoxia.
Authors: B RBrodie, LCuck, SKlausner, WGrossman, WParmley
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

Because of recent studies suggesting that vasodilators affect ventricular compliance, we studied the effect of sodium nitroprusside and nitroglycerin on the mechanical performance of 21 isolated cat papillary muscles. The muscles were stimulated isometrically at 36 beats/min. Sixteen of the muscles were made hypoxic (95% N2, 5% CO2) for 50 minutes and then reoxygenated. Sodium nitroprusside (10(-5) M) added to four of these muscles prior to hypoxia substantially diminished the tension prolongation (both the time to peak tension, TTP, and time for tension to fall to 1/2 its peak value, RT 1/2) that characterizes recovery from hypoxia. TTP and RT 1/2 measured 2 minutes after reoxygenation were 300 +/- 20 msec and 528 +/- 26 msec for the control muscles compared to 208 +/- 13 msec and 248 +/- 22 msec for the muscles pretreated with nitroprusside. Nitroprusside had no effect on the fall and recovery of peak developed force or on the rise and fall of resting force. Furthermore, nitroprusside had no effect on t...
Atriofascicular connection or a nodoventricular Mahaim fiber? Electrophysiologic elucidation of the pathway and associated reentrant circuit.
Authors: PTchou, M HLehmann, MJazayeri, MAkhtar
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Accessory pathways showing decremental properties and inserting into the right ventricle have been frequently described as nodoventricular or Mahaim pathways. However, conclusive evidence for a nodal origination of such pathways is lacking. The patient in this study had characteristics typical of such a pathway. Antegradely, the pathway showed decremental, nodelike conduction properties. With the aid of right bundle branch recordings, the pathway was demonstrated to insert directly into the right bundle branch. Atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia could be readily initiated by atrial or ventricular pacing. The QRS morphology was normal during sinus rhythm and demonstrated a left bundle branch block pattern with normal axis during tachycardia. The reentrant circuit involved antegrade conduction over the accessory pathway and retrograde conduction via the bundle branches, His bundle, and the atrioventricular node. More significantly, late atrial stimuli delivered during tachycardia could preexcite t...
Intragastric Balloon as a New Approach for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (Mafld): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: JR de Freitas Junior, VMT Sagae, GHP de Oliveira, GMV de Souza, TF de Souza, CPMS de Oliveira, DTH de Moura, WM Bernardo, IB Ribeiro, ETH de Moura, SA Sánchez-Luna, EGH de Moura
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a new definition for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and corresponds to the accumulation of fat in the liver caused by metabolic dysregulation. It is estimated the condition affects a quarter of the adult world population and it will be the main cause of liver transplantation by 2030. This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of the intragastric balloon (IGB) placement in patients with MAFLD through liver enzymes, imaging, and metabolic parameters.
Defects in sarcolemmal Ca2+ transport in hearts due to induction of calcium paradox.
Authors: NMakino, VPanagia, M PGupta, N SDhalla
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

Na+-Ca2+ exchange and Ca2+-pump activities were studied in sarcolemmal vesicles isolated from rat hearts subjected to calcium paradox on perfusion with Ca2+-free medium followed by reperfusion with medium containing 1.25 mM Ca2+. Perfusion of hearts with Ca2+-free medium for 5 minutes did not affect the Na+-dependent Ca2+ uptake, ATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake, or Ca2+-stimulated ATPase activities in sarcolemma. Reperfusion of the Ca2+-deprived hearts with medium containing Ca2+ for 1-2 minutes increased Na+-dependent Ca2+ uptake, whereas reperfusion for 5-10 minutes decreased Na+-dependent Ca2+ uptake in sarcolemmal vesicles. Both ATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake and Ca2+-stimulated ATPase activities in sarcolemma were depressed on reperfusion of Ca2+-deprived hearts for 2-10 minutes. Reperfusion of Ca2+-deprived hearts for 5 minutes, which failed to generate contractile force, resulted in contracture without any recovery of the contractile force development. These changes in sarcolemmal Ca2+ transport and contrac...
Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection of the Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Oesophagus
Authors: Pilonis ND, MF Kamisnki
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus is a rare malignant neoplasm of the esophagus accounting for 0.1–0.2 % of esophageal malignancies. As the primary malignant melanoma originates from the mucosal layer of the esophagus, early diagnosis allows for curative endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), for cases in which melanoma is limited to the mucosal and submucosal layer. To date, only a limited number of reports have described the use of endoscopic treatment for primary malignant melanoma. The present video presents the case of a 79-year-old male patient diagnoses with early primary malignant melanoma who was successfully treated by ESD.
Vasoactive intestinal peptide inhibitory innervation in bovine mesenteric lymphatics. A histochemical and pharmacological study.
Authors: TOhhashi, J AOlschowka, D MJacobowitz
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

The localization of vasoactive intestinal peptide-immunoreactive nerves innervating bovine lymphatic vessels was studied by an immunohistochemical technique. Nerve fibers containing vasoactive intestinal peptide immunoreactivity were present in the smooth muscle layers as well as in the adventitia of all mesenteric lymphatics that were examined. The effect of vasoactive intestinal peptide on isolated lymphatic vessels in vitro was studied. Vasoactive intestinal peptide caused a concentration-dependent relaxation of bradykinin-induced contractions of lymphatic vessels. The threshold and maximum relaxations were achieved with vasoactive intestinal peptide at concentrations less than 6 X 10(-9) M and 3 X 10(-7) M, respectively. The relaxant response to vasoactive intestinal peptide was not modified by atropine, propranolol, bretylium, or tetrodotoxin. These results suggest that vasoactive intestinal peptide may be a possible inhibitory neurotransmitter that causes relaxation of lymphatic vessels.
Transvenous atrial septal defect occlusion in piglets with a "buttoned" double-disk device.
Authors: E BSideris, S ESideris, J PFowlkes, R LEhly, J ESmith, R EGulde
Journal: Circulation (1990)

The feasibility and safety of transvenous closure of atrial septal defects by a new device was tested in 20 piglets, in which atrial septal defects were created by foramen ovale dilatation with angioplasty balloons. The device was small enough to be introduced in a 7F or 8F sheath, and it measured 20-25 mm. It has no hooks and consists of a foam occluder from the left atrium and a counter-occluder from the right atrium, buttoned independently. The animals were observed by angiography and color flow mapping, and they were electively killed at various intervals up to 2 months after occlusion. The device was not thrombogenic and had endothelialized by 2-3 weeks. All atrial defects were found to be completely occluded. Complications occurred only with the first three prototype devices, including counter-occluder detachment, right atrial perforation, and need for double occlusion and pulmonary artery embolization. No such complications occurred in the last 17 experiments because of modifications of the device ...
Cytoskeletal damage during myocardial ischemia: changes in vinculin immunofluorescence staining during total in vitro ischemia in canine heart.
Authors: CSteenbergen, M LHill, R BJennings
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

The role of cytoskeletal damage in the disruption of the plasma membrane observed during myocardial ischemia has been studied using antibodies to vinculin to identify changes in the distribution of this membrane associated cytoskeletal protein. Vinculin is a component of the cytoskeletal attachment complex between the plasma membrane and the Z-line of the underlying myofibrils. The effects of varying periods of total ischemia on the localization of vinculin were assessed by immunofluorescence and evidence of membrane disruption was evaluated by electron microscopy. Thin tissue slices prepared from the ischemic tissue were incubated in oxygenated Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer at 37 degrees C to assess inulin permeability, ultrastructure, and any changes in the distribution of vinculin associated with incubation. The previously reported costameric pattern of vinculin staining was observed in longitudinal sections of control myocardium, myocardium subjected to 60 minutes of total ischemia, and myocardium sub...
DD genotype of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene is a risk factor for left ventricular hypertrophy.
Authors: NIwai, NOhmichi, YNakamura, MKinoshita
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDThe cardiac renin-angiotensin system has been suggested to be involved in the development of left ventricular hypertrophy. In humans, a strong correlation has been found between plasma angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) activity and the insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the ACE gene, which has been reported to be associated with myocardial infarction, ischemic and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, sudden death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. In the present study, we examined the possibility that the genotype of the ACE gene might influence the development of left ventricular hypertrophy.METHODS AND RESULTSThe study population consisted of 268 subjects randomly selected from our outpatient clinic. In 142 subjects, left ventricular mass (LVM) was determined by echocardiogram. The genotype of the ACE gene was determined by the polymerase chain reaction. ANCOVA revealed that the genotype of the ACE gene had no effect on ...
Left ventricular ejection fraction after acute coronary occlusion in conscious dogs: relation to the extent and site of myocardial infarction.
Authors: R MSchneider, AChu, MAkaishi, W SWeintraub, K GMorris, F RCobb
Journal: Circulation (1985)

The change in left ventricular radionuclide ejection fraction after acute occlusion of the left anterior descending (LAD) or circumflex (LC) coronary artery was compared with the ultimate histologic extent of myocardial infarction in conscious dogs. The acute change in ejection fraction correlated with size of infarction in 14 dogs with occlusions of the LAD coronary artery (r = .89, y = 1.12x + 14.2) and in 27 dogs with occlusions of the LC coronary artery (r = .71, y = 0.73x + 7.9); the slope of the regression equation was greater (p less than .05) for those with LAD than for those with LC occlusions. Multivariate analysis revealed no independent contribution of left ventricular weight, the subendocardial extent of infarction, or change in heart rate to the acute change in ejection fraction. These data indicate that the decrease in ejection fraction after coronary occlusion is determined primarily by the size of the ischemic area, which also determines size of infarction. In dogs instrumented over a lon...
Helen Salisbury: Triage is for disasters, not everyday general practice
Authors: Helen Salisbury
Journal: BMJ (2021)

In a crisis, you need triage. The term was widely used in the first world war for sorting wounded soldiers into groups, according to the severity of their injuries. It meant prioritising those who would benefit most from early treatment, ahead of casualties who were unlikely to survive and those whose wounds were less serious and could be treated later. Outside of warfare the process is used wherever medical needs exceed available capacity, so it’s interesting to read new planning guidance from NHS England, which recommends that all general practices should embed “total triage.”12

This is not a change I’m ready to make. Out of necessity, in March …
Anatomic, electrical, and mechanical factors affecting bipolar endocardial electrograms. Impact on catheter ablation of manifest left free-wall accessory pathways.
Authors: RCappato, MSchlüter, LMont, K HKuck
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDThe use of bipolar endocardial electrogram characteristics to guide radiofrequency (RF) current catheter ablation of accessory pathways (APs) has been advocated by several investigators. However, the influences of a varying anatomy of the AP and the atrioventricular groove, of different ablative approaches, and of RF current pulses preceding the final pulse have not been adequately addressed.METHODS AND RESULTSLocal bipolar endocardial electrograms were retrospectively analyzed in a uniform cohort of 62 consecutive patients with a single manifest AP located on the left free wall; in all patients, the AP had been ablated by a uniform approach with a single catheter advanced retrogradely toward the mitral annulus. Electrogram parameters assessed were the presence or absence of a presumed AP potential, the atrial-to-ventricular (A/V) amplitude ratio, the A-V interval, and the onset of delta wave to local ventricular activation (delta-V) interval. The AP location was classified on fluoroscopy as ant...
Changes in myofibrillar activation and troponin C Ca2+ binding associated with troponin T isoform switching in developing rabbit heart.
Authors: J JMcAuliffe, L ZGao, R JSolaro
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

Postnatal development of the mammalian heart is associated with changes in the population of isoforms of the thin filament proteins. We correlated the change in thin filament proteins, which occur in rabbit hearts between 5 days and 22 days of age, with changes in Ca2+ dependence of myofibrillar ATPase activity, force generation, and troponin C Ca2+ binding. The preparations derived from the 5-day-old animals exhibited a high molecular weight isoform of troponin T not found in the hearts of the 22-day-old animals. Other troponin T isoforms were also found to be present in different relative amounts. No other major differences in thin filament protein composition could be identified. Compared with the 5-day-old rabbit heart preparations, the ATPase activity of myofibrils from 22-day-old rabbit hearts exhibited a reduced Ca2+ sensitivity. The pCa50 (negative log of the half-maximal-activity free Ca2+) of the MgATPase activity was shifted by 0.15 pCa units with maturation. Maturation of the myofibrils was al...
Dynamics of mitral regurgitant flow and orifice area. Physiologic application of the proximal flow convergence method: clinical data and experimental testing.
Authors: ESchwammenthal, CChen, FBenning, MBlock, GBreithardt, R ALevine
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDThe proximal flow convergence method, a quantitative color Doppler flow technique, has been validated recently for calculating regurgitant flow and orifice area. We investigated the potential of the method as a tool to study different pathophysiological mechanisms of mitral valve incompetence by assessing the time course of regurgitant flow and orifice area and analyzed the implications for quantification of mitral regurgitation.METHODS AND RESULTSFifty-six consecutive patients with mitral regurgitation of different etiologies were studied. The instantaneous regurgitant flow rate Q(t) was computed from color M-mode recordings of the proximal flow convergence region and divided by the corresponding orifice velocity V(t) to obtain the instantaneous orifice area A(t). Regurgitant stroke volume (RSV) was obtained by integrating Q(t). Mean regurgitant flow rate Qm was calculated by RSV divided by regurgitation time. Peak-to-mean regurgitant flow rates Qp/Qm and orifice areas Ap/Am were calculated to ...
Studies of blood pressures in children, ages 5-14 years, in a total biracial community: the Bogalusa Heart Study.
Authors: A WVoors, T AFoster, R RFrerichs, L SWebber, G SBerenson
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Blood pressure, height, weight, maturation, triceps skinfold thickness, serum lipids, and hemoglobin were measured as risk factors for coronary artery disease in 3,524 children (93% of the eligible population) in Bogalusa, Louisiana. Nine blood pressures were taken on each child by trained observers with mercury sphygmomanometers (Baumanometer) and Physiometrics automatic recorders in a rigid randomized design in a relaxed atmosphere with other children present. The pressures observed were low compared to reported data. Black children had significantly higher blood pressures than white children. This difference, starting before age 10, was largest in the children in the upper five percent of the pressure ranks. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that this racial differnce was significant when measured by an automatic recorder. Body size, expressed by height and by weight/height3 index, was a strong determinant of blood pressure level. Other positive determinants were blood hemoglobin and exter...
Low incidence of fatal coronary heart disease in Pima Indians despite high prevalence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes.
Authors: R GNelson, M LSievers, W CKnowler, B ASwinburn, D JPettitt, M FSaad, I MLiebow, B VHoward, P HBennett
Journal: Circulation (1990)

The incidence of fatal coronary heart disease (CHD) was determined in a population of Pima Indians from the Gila River Indian Community in Arizona. Between 1975 and 1984, 394 deaths occurred among 4,828 subjects aged 5 years or older, and 199 of these occurred in the 1,093 persons with non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Only 28 deaths were attributed to CHD; all occurred among the 689 diabetic persons 45 years of age or older. No CHD deaths occurred among the 419 nondiabetic subjects 45 years of age or older. The rate of fatal CHD among the diabetic subjects was higher in men than in women and increased with advancing age and duration of diabetes. A higher incidence of fatal CHD was associated with proteinuria, renal insufficiency, medial arterial calcification, diabetic retinopathy, insulin therapy, and an abnormal electrocardiogram. In Pima Indians aged 50-79 years, the incidence of fatal CHD was less than half that found in the Framingham population after controlling for age, sex, and diabetes (incidence ...
Long-term effects of a blood pressure survey on patient treatment in a community.
Authors: R HGrimm, R VLuepker, HTaylor, HBlackburn
Journal: Circulation (1982)

The influence of a systematic survey and follow-up of blood pressure in a population sample was assessed by a subsequent survey performed an average of 40 months later. A subsample of 764 men, originally ages 35-57 years, was randomly selected for telephone follow-up, while blood pressure was remeasured in 133 (17% of the subsample). These were drawn from 6779 men who had a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) greater than or equal to 90 mm Hg, the average of the second two measurements of three at the initial survey. Ninety percent of the men in the telephone survey reported they had visited their physician or medical-care source. Of these visits, 70% were for consideration of blood pressure, and in 36% this visit was directly attributed to the screen. At follow-up, 52.8% were taking antihypertensive medication and in 61% of this group the medication was started after the initial screen. Follow-up revealed DBP reduced by 8.7% in the group not treated with antihypertensive agents either before or after the init...