tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Annals Story Slam - Privileged to Serve
Authors: Warren W. Furey
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Web ExclusivesJune 2022Annals Story Slam - Privileged to ServeFREEWarren W. Furey, MDWarren W. Furey, MDNorthwestern University, Chicago, Illinois (W.W.F.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/W22-0004 SectionsAboutVisual Abstract ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Video. Annals Story Slam - Privileged to Serve "Privileged to Serve," by Dr. Warren W. Furey (Duration 5:35)Building on the popular Annals feature “On Being a Doctor,” storytellers share stories about the experience of doctoring on video.For more videos from and information on Annals Story Slam, visit go.annals.org/StorySlam. Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Lalitha DarbhaNone17 May 2022 Inspiring! Very Inspiring to those who serve! Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois (W.W.F.)Corresponding Author: Warren W. Furey, MD; e-mail, [email protected]com.This article was published at Annals.org on 29 April 2022. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics June 2022Volume 175, Issue 6Page: SS1 ePublished: 29 April 2022 Issue Published: June 2022 CopyrightCopyright © 2022 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Annals Story Slam - The Prayer in the COVID Unit
Authors: Suzette R. Clarke
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Web ExclusivesJune 2022Annals Story Slam - The Prayer in the COVID UnitFREESuzette R. Clarke, MDSuzette R. Clarke, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/W22-0003 SectionsAboutVisual Abstract ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Video. Annals Story Slam - The Prayer in the COVID Unit "The Prayer in the COVID Unit," by Dr. Suzette R. Clarke (Duration 4:07)Building on the popular Annals feature “On Being a Doctor,” storytellers share stories about the experience of doctoring on video.For more videos from and information on Annals Story Slam, visit go.annals.org/StorySlam. Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Corresponding Author: Suzette R. Clarke, MD; e-mail, suzette.r.[email protected]com.This article was published at Annals.org on 29 April 2022. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics June 2022Volume 175, Issue 6Page: SS1 ePublished: 29 April 2022 Issue Published: June 2022 CopyrightCopyright © 2022 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Concerns Remain Regarding the Association of Sitting Time and Physical Activity With Cancer Survivorship
Authors: Taichiro Goto
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy and Mortality at Delivery Hospitalization — United States, 2017–2019
Authors: Nicole D. Ford, Shanna Cox, Jean Y. Ko, Lijing Ouyang, Lisa Romero, Tiffany Colarusso, Cynthia D. Ferre, Charlan D. Kroelinger, Donald K. Hayes, Wanda D. Barfield
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2022)

Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDPs), defined as prepregnancy (chronic) or pregnancy-associated hypertension, are common pregnancy complications in the United States.* HDPs are strongly associated with severe maternal complications, such as heart attack and stroke (1), and are a leading cause of pregnancy-related death in the United States.† CDC analyzed nationally representative data from the National Inpatient Sample to calculate the annual prevalence of HDP among delivery hospitalizations and by maternal characteristics, and the percentage of in-hospital deaths with an HDP diagnosis code documented. During 2017-2019, the prevalence of HDP among delivery hospitalizations increased from 13.3% to 15.9%. The prevalence of pregnancy-associated hypertension increased from 10.8% in 2017 to 13.0% in 2019, while the prevalence of chronic hypertension increased from 2.0% to 2.3%. Prevalence of HDP was highest among delivery hospitalizations of non-Hispanic Black or African American (Black) women, non-Hispanic American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) women, and women aged ≥35 years, residing in zip codes in the lowest median household income quartile, or delivering in hospitals in the South or the Midwest Census regions. Among deaths that occurred during delivery hospitalization, 31.6% had any HDP documented. Clinical guidance for reducing complications from HDP focuses on prompt identification and preventing progression to severe maternal complications through timely treatment (1). Recommendations for identifying and monitoring pregnant persons with hypertension include measuring blood pressure throughout pregnancy,§ including self-monitoring. Severe complications and mortality from HDP are preventable with equitable implementation of strategies to identify and monitor persons with HDP (1) and quality improvement initiatives to improve prompt treatment and increase awareness of urgent maternal warning signs (2).
TAU ablation in excitatory neurons and postnatal TAU knockdown reduce epilepsy, SUDEP, and autism behaviors in a Dravet syndrome model
Authors: Eric Shao, Che-Wei Chang, Zhiyong Li, Xinxing Yu, Kaitlyn Ho, Michelle Zhang, Xin Wang, Jeffrey Simms, Iris Lo, Jessica Speckart, Julia Holtzman, Gui-Qiu Yu, Erik D. Roberson, Lennart Mucke
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2022)

Intracellular accumulation of TAU aggregates is a hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases. However, global genetic reduction of TAU is beneficial also in models of other brain disorders that lack such TAU pathology, suggesting a pathogenic role of nonaggregated TAU. Here, conditional ablation of TAU in excitatory, but not inhibitory, neurons reduced epilepsy, sudden unexpected death in epilepsy, overactivation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-AKT-mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, brain overgrowth (megalencephaly), and autism-like behaviors in a mouse model of Dravet syndrome, a severe epileptic encephalopathy of early childhood. Furthermore, treatment with a TAU-lowering antisense oligonucleotide, initiated on postnatal day 10, had similar therapeutic effects in this mouse model. Our findings suggest that excitatory neurons are the critical cell type in which TAU has to be reduced to counteract brain dysfunctions associated with Dravet syndrome and that overall cerebral TAU reduction could have similar benefits, even when initiated postnatally.
Low Complexity Regions in Mammalian Proteins are Associated with Low Protein Abundance and High Transcript Abundance
Authors: Zachery W. Dickson, G. Brian Golding
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2022)

Low Complexity Regions (LCRs) are present in a surprisingly large number of eukaryotic proteins. These highly repetitive and compositionally biased sequences are often structurally disordered, bind promiscuously, and evolve rapidly. Frequently studied in terms of evolutionary dynamics, little is known about how LCRs affect the expression of the proteins which contain them. It would be expected that rapidly evolving LCRs are unlikely to be tolerated in strongly conserved, highly abundant proteins, leading to lower overall abundance in proteins which contain LCRs. To test this hypothesis and examine the associations of protein abundance and transcript abundance with the presence of LCRs, we have integrated high-throughput data from across mammals. We have found that LCRs are indeed associated with reduced protein abundance, but are also associated with elevated transcript abundance. These associations are qualitatively consistent across 12 human tissues and nine mammalian species. The differential impacts of LCRs on abundance at the protein and transcript level are not explained by differences in either protein degradation rates or the inefficiency of translation for LCR containing proteins. We suggest that rapidly evolving LCRs are a source of selective pressure on the regulatory mechanisms which maintain steady-state protein abundance levels.
Association of Quality-of-Life Outcomes in Cancer Drug Trials With Survival Outcomes and Drug Class
Authors: Joseph N. Samuel, Christopher M. Booth, Elizabeth Eisenhauer, Michael Brundage, Scott R. Berry, Bishal Gyawali
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2022)

<h3>Importance</h3> Although quality of life (QOL) is an important clinical end point, cancer drugs are often approved based on overall survival (OS) or putative surrogate end points such as progression-free survival (PFS) without QOL data. <h3>Objective</h3> To ascertain whether cancer drug trials that show improvement in OS or PFS also improve global QOL of patients with cancer compared with the control treatment, as well as to assess how unchanged or detrimental QOL outcomes are reported in trial publications. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This retrospective cohort study included all patients with cancer in the advanced setting who were enrolled into phase 3 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of cancer drugs reporting QOL data and published in English language in a PubMed-indexed journal in the calendar year 2019. The systematic search of PubMed was conducted in July 2020. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Association of QOL outcomes with OS and PFS, framing of unchanged QOL outcomes in trial publications, and the association of favorable framing with industry funding of the trials. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 45 phase 3 RCTs enrolling 24 806 participants (13 368 in the experimental arm and 11 438 in the control arm) met the inclusion criteria and were included in the study analyses. Improvement in global QOL with the experimental agent was reported in 11 (24%) RCTs. The RCTs with improved QOL were more likely to also show improved OS vs trials with unimproved QOL (7 of 11 [64%] trials vs 10 of 34 [29%] trials; χ<sup>2</sup> = 4.13;<i>P</i> = .04); there was no such association observed for PFS (6 of 11 [55%] trials vs 17 of 34 [50%] trials, χ<sup>2</sup> = 0.03;<i>P</i> = .87). Six trials reported worsening QOL, of which 3 (50%) were trials of targeted drugs, and 11 trials reported improvement in QOL, of which 6 (55%) were trials of immunotherapy drugs. Of the 34 trials in which QOL was not improved compared with controls, 16 (47%) reported these results in a positive frame, an observation statistically significantly associated with industry funding (χ<sup>2</sup> = 6.35;<i>P</i> = .01). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this cohort study, a small proportion of RCTs of cancer drugs showed benefit in global QOL with the experimental agent. These results showed an association between QOL benefit and OS benefit but no such association with PFS benefit. Trials that failed to show improved QOL often reported their QOL outcomes more favorably. Non–immunotherapy-targeted drugs led to worse QOL more often than did cytotoxic agents.
Trajectories of depressive symptoms in older adults and associated health outcomes
Authors: Bruno Agustini, Mojtaba Lotfaliany, Mohammadreza Mohebbi, Robyn L. Woods, John J. McNeil, Mark R. Nelson, Raj C. Shah, Anne M. Murray, Christopher M. Reid, Andrew Tonkin, Joanne Ryan, Lana J. Williams, Malcolm P. Forbes, Michael Berk
Journal: Nature Aging (2022)
FAP-Targeted Radionuclide Therapy of Advanced Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer With Multiple Cycles of 177Lu-FAPI-46
Authors: Hao Fu, Jingxiong Huang, Long Sun, Hua Wu, Haojun Chen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2022)

Abstract Many recent studies began to explore the therapeutic potential of FAP-targeted radionuclide therapy for refractory cancers. In this case, we presented the experience of multiple cycles of 177 Lu-FAPI-46 radionuclide therapy in a 34-year-old man with radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RAIR-DTC). Intense radiotracer uptake was observed in RAIR-DTC metastatic lesions on the pretreatment 68 Ga-FAPI PET/CT and posttherapeutic scintigraphy. Follow-up examinations after 4 cycles of 177 Lu-FAPI-46 treatment revealed stable metastatic lesions, resulting in stable disease. This case demonstrated the potential feasibility of 177 Lu-FAPI-46 in the treatment of advanced RAIR-DTC; further research on improving the FAP-targeting vector may be necessary.
Differently
Authors: Wendy Tong
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Endocrine outcomes after limited surgery and conformal photon radiation therapy for pediatric craniopharyngioma: Long-term results from the RT1 protocol
Authors: Thomas E Merchant, Drucilla Y Edmonston, Shengjie Wu, Yimei Li, Frederick A Boop, Robert H Lustig
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2022)

To estimate the incidence of endocrinopathy in children and adolescents with craniopharyngioma after treatment with photon-based conformal and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (CRT).
Self-expandable duodenal metal stent placement for the palliation of gastric outlet obstruction over the past 20 years
Authors: Agnes N. Reijm, Pauline A. Zellenrath, Ruben D. van der Bogt, Lydi M. J. W. van Driel, Peter D. Siersema, Marco J. Bruno, Manon C. W. Spaander
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

Abstract Introduction Duodenal stent placement is a palliative option for management of malignant gastric outlet obstruction (GOO). In the last 20 years, management of gastrointestinal cancers has considerably changed. It is unknown if these changes have affected clinical outcome of duodenal stent placement. Methods Retrospective cohort study conducted in a tertiary referral center. Patients who underwent duodenal stent placement for GOO-symptoms due to a malignant stricture were included. Primary outcome was GOO-symptom free survival. Secondary outcomes included stent-related adverse event rates. Potential explanatory parameters such as period of stent placement (1998–2009 vs 2010–2019), prior treatments, peritoneal deposits, and stricture length were evaluated using multivariable Cox regression analysis. Results A total of 147 patients (62 % male; median age 64 years) were included. After a median of 28 days after stent placement, 82 patients (57 %) had recurrent GOO-symptoms. GOO-symptom free survival was significantly lower in 2010–2019 (P &lt; 0.01). Time period was the only independent predictor for reduced GOO-symptom free survival (HR 1.76, P &lt; 0.01). Stent-related adverse event rates increased over time (1998–2009: 31 % vs 2010–2019: 37 %). Prior treatment with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy was significantly associated with an increased risk of adverse events (OR 2.53, P = 0.02). Conclusions Clinical outcome of duodenal stent placement did not improve over time. The decreased GOO-symptom free survival and increased adverse event rate in more recent years are probably related to the chemo- and/or radiotherapy treatment provided prior to duodenal stent placement.
Recent advances in clinical practice: management of inflammatory bowel disease during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Simeng Lin, Louis HS Lau, Neil Chanchlani, Nicholas A Kennedy, Siew C Ng
Journal: Gut (2022)

The COVID-19 pandemic has raised considerable concerns that patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly those treated with immunosuppressive therapies, may have an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 acquisition, develop worse outcomes following COVID-19, and have suboptimal vaccine response compared with the general population. In this review, we summarise data on the risk of COVID-19 and associated outcomes, and latest guidance on SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with IBD. Emerging evidence suggests that commonly used medications for IBD, such as corticosteroids but not biologicals, were associated with adverse outcomes to COVID-19. There has been no increased risk of de novo, or delayed, IBD diagnoses, however, an overall decrease in endoscopy procedures has led to a rise in the number of missed endoscopic-detected cancers during the pandemic. The impact of IBD medication on vaccine response has been a research priority recently. Data suggest that patients with IBD treated with antitumour necrosis factor (TNF) medications had attenuated humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, and more rapid antibody decay, compared with non-anti-TNF-treated patients. Reassuringly, rates of breakthrough infections and hospitalisations in all patients who received vaccines, irrespective of IBD treatment, remained low. International guidelines recommend that all patients with IBD treated with immunosuppressive therapies should receive, at any point during their treatment cycle, three primary doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines with a further booster dose as soon as possible. Future research should focus on our understanding of the rate of antibody decay in biological-treated patients, which patients require additional doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, the long-term risks of COVID-19 on IBD disease course and activity, and the potential risk of long COVID-19 in patients with IBD.
Molecular Characterization of Membranous Nephropathy
Authors: Rachel Sealfon, Laura Mariani, Carmen Avila-Casado, Viji Nair, Rajasree Menon, Julien Funk, Aaron Wong, Gabriel Lerner, Norifumi Hayashi, Olga Troyanskaya, Matthias Kretzler, Laurence H. Beck
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2022)

Molecular characterization of nephropathies may facilitate pathophysiologic insight, development of targeted therapeutics, and transcriptome-based disease classification. Although membranous nephropathy (MN) is a common cause of adult-onset nephrotic syndrome, the molecular pathways of kidney damage in MN require further definition.
Reconstructing the Origins of the Somatostatin and Allatostatin-C Signaling Systems Using the Accelerated Evolution of Biodiverse Cone Snail Toxins
Authors: Thomas Lund Koch, Iris Bea L. Ramiro, Paula Flórez Salcedo, Ebbe Engholm, Knud Jørgen Jensen, Kevin Chase, Baldomero M. Olivera, Walden Emil Bjørn-Yoshimoto, Helena Safavi-Hemami
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2022)

Abstract Somatostatin and its related peptides (SSRPs) form an important family of hormones with diverse physiological roles. The ubiquitous presence of SSRPs in vertebrates and several invertebrate deuterostomes suggests an ancient origin of the SSRP signaling system. However, the existence of SSRP genes outside of deuterostomes has not been established, and the evolutionary history of this signaling system remains poorly understood. Our recent discovery of SSRP-like toxins (consomatins) in venomous marine cone snails (Conus) suggested the presence of a related signaling system in mollusks and potentially other protostomes. Here, we identify the molluscan SSRP-like signaling gene that gave rise to the consomatin family. Following recruitment into venom, consomatin genes experienced strong positive selection and repeated gene duplications resulting in the formation of a hyperdiverse family of venom peptides. Intriguingly, the largest number of consomatins was found in worm-hunting species (&amp;gt;400 sequences), indicating a homologous system in annelids, another large protostome phylum. Consistent with this, comprehensive sequence mining enabled the identification of SSRP-like sequences (and their corresponding orphan receptor) in annelids and several other protostome phyla. These results established the existence of SSRP-like peptides in many major branches of bilaterians and challenge the prevailing hypothesis that deuterostome SSRPs and protostome allatostatin-C are orthologous peptide families. Finally, having a large set of predator–prey SSRP sequences available, we show that although the cone snail’s signaling SSRP-like genes are under purifying selection, the venom consomatin genes experience rapid directional selection to target receptors in a changing mix of prey.
The Potential of the Gut Microbiome to Reshape the Cancer Therapy Paradigm
Authors: Longsha Liu, Khalid Shah
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2022)

<h3>Importance</h3> The gut microbiome, home to the vast kingdom of diverse commensal bacteria and other microorganisms residing within the gut, was once thought to only have roles primarily centered on digestive functions. However, recent advances in sequencing technology have elucidated intricate roles of the gut microbiome in cancer development and efficacy of therapeutic response that need to be comprehensively addressed from a clinically translational angle. <h3>Observations</h3> This review aims to highlight the current understanding of the association of the gut microbiome with the therapeutic response to immunotherapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, cancer surgery, and more, while also contextualizing possible synergistic strategies with the microbiome for tackling some of the most challenging tumors. It also provides insights on contemporary methods that target the microbiota and the current progression of findings being translated from bench to bedside. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Ultimately, the importance of gut bacteria in cancer therapy cannot be overstated in its potential for ushering in a new era of cancer treatments. With the understanding that the microbiome may play critical roles in the tumor microenvironment, holistic approaches that integrate microbiome-modulating treatments with biological, immune, cell-based, and surgical cancer therapies should be explored.