tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 10934: Validity and Reliability of the Korean Version of the Revised Self-Care of Heart Failure Index V7.2
Authors: Minjeong An, JinShil Kim
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Background: The psychometric properties of the Korean version of the revised Self-care of Heart Failure Index (K-SCHFI v7.2) remain undetermined. Objectives: To examine validity (construct and predictive validity) and reliability of the 29-item K-SCHFI v7.2 in Korean patients with heart failure (HF). Methods: Using a cross-sectional, descriptive design, data on self-care and depressive symptoms were obtained for this psychometric testing. Construct validity was tested with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and predictive validity was tested through relationships between each self-care scale and depressive symptoms. Reliability was tested with Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega coefficients. Results: Patients with HF participated from four university-affiliated hospitals in South Korea (N = 207; mean age, 59.67 ± 13.87 years; male, 63.6%). CFA supported the construct validity of the K-SCHFI v7.2 (CFI from .931 to .977; RMSEA from .033 to .065), specifically, Self-Care Maintenance (CFI = .950, TLI = .931, SRMR = .063, RMSEA = .048); Symptom Perception (CFI = .931, TLI = .908, SRMR = .047, RMSEA = .065); and Self-Care Management (CFI = .977, TLI = .966, SRMR = .040, RMSEA = .033). Validity was further supportive with the relationships between the self-care and depressive symptoms, with patients with more depressed symptoms having poorer self-maintenance (t = 2.34, p = .018) and self-management (t = 2.00, p = .048). Reliability estimates were marginally satisfactory, with Cronbach's α and McDonald’s omega coefficients of .66 and .72 (Self-Care Maintenance), .78 and .82 (Symptom Perception), and .66 and .70 (Self-Care Management), respectively. Conclusion: Validity of the revised K-SCHFI v7.2 was supportive with a sound model fit and the relations to the depressive symptoms. Reliability of each scale was marginally supportive through the alpha and McDonald’s coefficients, while validation is required using a larger sample.
Abstract 11878: Atrial Fibrillation is Correlated With Brain Atrophy in Regions Associated With Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Hosung Kim, William J Matloff, Lu Zhao, Nibal Arzouni, Nina Tanaka, Susan R Heckbert, Younghoon Kwon, Arthur W Toga
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) has been associated with neurocognitive impairment. The broad effects of AF on the brain, however, remain to be clarified. We investigated using data from the UK Biobank (UKB) whether an automated electrocardiography (ECG) diagnosis of AF or atrial flutter (AFL) is associated with imaging-based markers of brain atrophy, including volume, thickness, and white matter microstructure, in brain regions associated with Alzheimer Disease (AD). Methods: We studied a subset of 48,705 UKB study participants with available brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cognitive function test data. AF/AFL were determined by either automatic ECG interpretation or history by self-reported and hospital-visit derived data. Participants were classified into four groups: 1) no history or ECG detection of AF/AFL; 2) history of AF/AFL but no AF/AFL on ECG; 3) no history of AF/AFL but AF/AFL on ECG; and 4) history of AF/AFL and AF/AFL on ECG. The following brain MRI measurements were obtained: mean bilateral hippocampal volume, fornix fractional anisotropy (FA), and an AD cortical thickness signature. The AD cortical thickness signature was computed as the average of thickness values in various frontal and temporal cortices involved in AD progression. Results: A total of 17,723 participants aged 46-81 (mean age 64 years, 52.2% female) with group sizes of 17182, 307, 100, and 134 (groups 1-4 respectively) were included. Compared to participants with no AF/AFL (group 1), hippocampal volume was significantly smaller in the two groups with AF/AFL on ECG (groups 3 and 4; 97.5 and 95.8 mm 3 smaller; p&lt;0.005). No difference in the volume was found between groups 1 and 2. This pattern of group differences was similar for both fornix FA and the AD cortical thickness signature. A post-hoc analysis for the cognitive function variables showed that scores on the matrix pattern and symbol digit substitution cognitive tests were lower for participants with AF/AFL on ECG (groups 3+4) than those without AF/AFL (groups 1), each with a beta estimate of -0.16 standard deviations (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: AF/AFL on ECG at time of brain imaging, but not AF/AFL history, is associated with brain atrophy and disrupted white matter microstructure in AD-associated regions.
Abstract 9714: Deep Learning on 12-Leads Electrocardiography Can Predict Recurrence After Pulmonary Vein Isolation in Patients with Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Masato Shimizu, Hiroko Miyazaki, shummo cho, Yoshiki Misu, Ryo Takeishi, Masao Yamaguchi, Yosuke Yamakami, Hiroshi Shimada, Tomoko Manno, Ami Isshiki, Shigeki Kimura, Hiroyuki Fujii, Makoto Suzuki, Mitsuhiro Nishizaki, Tetsuo Sasano
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: In patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (per-AF) who were treated by pulmonary vein isolation (PVI), several patients suffer from recurrence. Various methods to predict the recurrence were tried, but prognostic value of deep learning on 12-leads electrocardiography (ECG) just after PVI was not studied. Hypothesis: Deep learning on 12-leads ECG after PVI has high diagnostic performance in patients with per-AF. Methods: We enrolled consecutive 109 patients with per-AF who underwent PVI (68.8±10.0 years, 83 males) excluding failure cases. We defined recurrence in 3-12 months after PVI. From the ECG just after PVI, five beats of each lead were sampled separately. Deep learning (convolutional neural network on bitmap ECG image) was performed by transfer learning of Inception-Resnet-V2 model. Gradient weighted class activation color mapping (GradCam) was performed to detect convolutional importance in the lead. Results: Thirty-six patients showed recurrence in the period. Lead II (accuracy 0.701), aVR (0.690) were the top 2 leads of prediction, which showed larger accuracy than statistical accuracies of Non PV foci = SVC (accuracy = 0.541) and left atrial diameter &gt; 50mm (0.596). In lead II, GradCam spotlighted strong convolution of latter half of P wave in recurrent case, and former half of P wave and T wave in no-recurrent case. Conclusions: Deep learning on ECG was a powerful tool to predict recurrence of per-AF after PVI.
NIMG-67. A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF MACHINE LEARNING MODELS FOR DIFFERENTIATING PCNSL FROM GLIOMAS
Authors: Gabriel Cassinelli Petersen, Julia Shatalov, W R Brim, Harry Subramanian, Jin cui, Michele Johnson, Ajay Malhotra, Mariam Aboian, Alexandria Brackett
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2021)

Abstract PURPOSE Differentiating gliomas and Primary CNS Lymphomas (PCNSL) represents a diagnostic challenge with important therapeutic ramifications. MR imaging combined with Machine Learning (ML) has shown promising results in differentiating tumors non-invasively. The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate and synthesize the findings on the application of ML in differentiating PCNSL and gliomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic search of literature was performed in October 2020 and February 2021 on Ovid Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane trials, and Web of Science – Core Collection. The search strategy included keywords and controlled vocabulary including the terms: gliomas, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and related terms. Publications were reviewed and screened by four different reviewers in accordance with TRIPOD. RESULTS The literature search yielded 11,727 studies and 1,135 underwent full-text review. Data was extracted from 16 publications showing that 10 ML and 3 deep learning (DL) algorithms were tested. The analyzed databases had an average size of 118 patients per study. 50% of the publications validated the algorithm in an independent test cohort. The most commonly tested ML and DL algorithms were support vector machines and Convolutional Neural Networks, respectively. In internal (external) datasets, ML algorithms reached an average AUC of 89% (83%); and DL 74% (77%). Preliminary TRIPOD bias analysis yielded an average score of 0.5 (range 0.31-0.62), with most papers showing deficiencies in reporting model specifications, and funding details among other items. CONCLUSIONS AI-based methods for differentiating gliomas and PCNSL have been reported and show that ML methods result in accuracy = &amp;gt; 85%.With few studies using DL algorithms, further research into novel DL-based approaches is recommended. Additionally, most studies lack large datasets and external validation, thus increasing the risk of overfitting. Bias analysis of the published studies using TRIPOD identified reporting deficiencies, and close adherence to reporting criteria is recommended.
Abstract 11173: Long Non-Coding RNA Linc00667 Modulates Cardiac Sodium Channel Downregulation During Ischemia
Authors: Gyeoung-Jin Kang, An Xie, Eunji Kim, Hong Liu, Samuel C Dudley
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Background: The voltage-gated cardiac sodium channel α subunit ( SCN5A ; encoding Na v 1.5) plays a key role in cardiac conduction. The sodium channel is downregulated in cardiomyopathy, contributing to arrhythmic risk. In part, this downregulation is because of abnormal mRNA splicing and reduced mRNA stability. We recently reported that microRNA (miRNA)-448 contributes to the SCN5A mRNA instability in ischemic conditions. Objective: Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 667 (LINC00667) is expressed in heart and can bind miRNA-448. We investigated the interaction of these two non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in regulating SCN5A . Methods: The expressions of SCN5A , miR-448 and LINC00667 were determined by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. The effects of ncRNAs on sodium current were determined in induced pluripotent stem cells-derived cardiomyocytes. The interaction between two ncRNAs was confirmed by pull-down assay. Results: LINC00667 has two binding sites for miR-448. A pull-down assay using biotin-tagged miR-448 showed direct binding of LINC00667 to miR-448. This indicates that LINC00667 could act as a competitor through the sponge function to miR-448. The expression of LINC00667 was decreased in human ischemic cardiomyopathy tissues compared to healthy controls. DFX treatment, a hypoxia mimetic chemical, or hypoxic condition (2% O 2 ) resulted in reduced LINC00667 and reduced SCN5A mRNA in cardiomyocyte. Furthermore, LINC00667 inhibition by siRNA or antisense oligo showed reduction of SCN5A mRNA. This reduction is expected to enhance the effect of miR-448 and is expected to be inhibited by treatment with a DNA construct containing the miR-448 binding site of LINC00667 or "miR-448 sponge". Conclusion: SCN5A is downregulated by hypoxia. In addition to upregulation of miR-448, which destabilizes SCN5A mRNA by direct binding, LINC00667 inhibition of miR-448 was relieved by hypoxia increasing the effect of miR-448 on SCN5A . Therefore, LINC00667 upregulation may represent a method to decrease arrhythmic risk during cardiomyopathy by raising SCN5A levels.
Abstract 10442: Temporal Changes in Plasma Lipidome in Patients with St-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Impact of Reperfusion
Authors: Arun Surendran, Negar Atefi, Umar Ismail, Ashish Shah, Amir Ravandi
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Aim: We aim to investigate the temporal changes in plasma lipidome before and after reperfusion in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients and their association with myocardial injury. Methods: Venous blood samples were drawn from STEMI patients (N=80) serially before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and at 2 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 30 days after PCI. Plasma lipid profiling (322 lipids) was performed on STEMI patients and age and gender-matched control subjects (N=50) using an LC/MS platform. Results: Overall, 56.01% of the identified lipid species were significantly altered (corrected p&lt;0.05 ) in the first 24 h following reperfusion in STEMI patients. During early reperfusion, except oxidized phospholipids, the majority of lipid classes/subclasses (14 out of 25) were significantly lower (corrected p&lt;0.05 ) at 2 h post-reperfusion compared to the ischemic state. Of all the lipid classes/subclasses, fatty acids showed the most remarkable change (74.5% lower) in the first 24 h after reperfusion. Multivariable linear regression analyses following adjustment of traditional risk factors identified 33 lipid species that significantly associate (p&lt;0.05) with change in troponin concentration (delta troponin) at different time intervals. Five of these lipid species, namely, acylcarnitine 18:2, TG 51:0, PE (O-38:5), LPC 17:1, and LPC 18:0, could stratify patients in the highest tertile of delta troponin from those in the lowest tertiles. These lipids also were correlated with in-hospital cardiovascular events. Acylcarnitine 18:2, LPC 17:1, and LPC 18:0 as well as their respective whole class amount, were significantly higher (p&lt;0.05) in the STEMI population than the control subjects. Conclusions: Our analyses elucidated a detailed characterization of the temporal alterations in plasma lipidome that occur during human myocardial reperfusion injury.
RADT-01. COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LOCAL CONTROL FOR BRAIN METASTASIS BETWEEN PRE-FRAME AND POST-FRAME MRI METHODS OF GAMMA KNIFE STEREOTACTIC RADIOSURGERY
Authors: Yusuki Hori, Peter Felton, Ahmet Atik, Wei Wei, Alireza Mohammadi, Lilyana Angelov, Jennifer Yu, Erin Murphy, Samuel Chao, John Suh, Gene Barnett
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2021)

Abstract INTRODUCTION Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) is an established treatment modality in the management of brain metastasis (BM). The standard treatment flow includes frame placement followed by obtaining a post-frame MRI for planning. However, there has been a shift in practice towards using the pre-frame MRI method. It shortens the frame-wearing time while improving quality of imaging/targeting by decreasing artifacts by screws. However, no previous studies have compared the GKRS outcome between the pre- and post-frame MRI methods. METHODS 134 patients (61 pre-frame and 73 post-frame) with 307 BMs treated with first time GKRS were reviewed retrospectively. We defined local failure (LF) as ≥ 20% increase in maximum diameter (RECIST criteria). Kaplan-Meier and Gray’s method were used to estimate and compare cumulative incidence rate of LF between the groups; multivariable analysis for time-to-local failure (TTLF) was performed using Cox frailty model. The number of lesions was intrinsically modeled in frailty model. RESULTS There was no significant difference between the groups for background variables including age, gender, primary cancer, performance status, and number of lesions. Post-frame group had significantly smaller tumors at baseline (p=0.004). The cumulative incidence rates of LF for pre- vs post-frame groups were 1.6% vs 5.5% at 6 month, 6.9% vs 9.9% at 12 month, and 10.4% vs 17.4% at 24 month, respectively, without significant differences (p=0.84). Using multivariate frailty Cox model adjusting for age, gender, and lesion size, extracranial metastasis (HR 4.13, 95%CI 1.48‒11.57, p=0.007) was the significant prognostic factor for TTLF, while the frame type was not significant (p=0.46). CONCLUSIONS This is the first report comparing the GKRS outcome of pre- and post-frame MRI methods. The results indicated that pre-frame MRI method conveys a comparable local control for BM while maintaining practical benefits such as shortened frame-wearing time, less-artifact imaging, and longer preparation time available for planning.
Abstract P425: Sirtuin 3 Attenuates Doxorubicin Induced Cardiac Dysfunction By Regulating The Mitochondrial Acetylome And Alterations Of The Cardiac Lipidome
Authors: Mateusz M Tomczyk, Arun Surendran, Bo Xiang, Prasoon Agarwal, Kyle G Cheung, Stephanie Kereliuk, Qiang Tong, Amir Ravandi, Vernon Dolinsky
Journal: Circulation Research (2021)

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a chemotherapeutic with dose-dependent cardiotoxic effects that limits its use in patients. Previously we showed that DOX decreases expression of the mitochondrial lysine deacetylase SIRT3 in the mouse heart. We hypothesize that DOX impairs cardiac function and energy production through reduced SIRT3 and altered mitochondrial acetylation. We further hypothesize that increased SIRT3 expression could attenuate DOX-induced cardiac dysfunction via alterations of protein acetylation to enzymes involved in lipid remodeling and metabolic processes. Mice expressing cardiac restricted full length M1-SIRT3 (mitochondrial localized), and short M3-SIRT3 (lacking localization signal) received saline or DOX injections of 8 mg/kg body weight for 4 weeks and compared to non-transgenic (Non-Tg) littermates. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed on all mice (n=10). Total cardiac lipids were isolated from DOX treated cardiac tissue by chloroform:methanol extraction and global lipid analysis was performed by QTRAP LC-MS/MS (n=6). Cardiac mitochondria were and an anti-acetylated lysine antibody was used to enrich for tryptic digested peptides containing Acetyl-K and analyzed by QTRAP LC-MS/MS (n=6). In non-Tg mice, DOX caused cardiac dysfunction and expression of M1-SIRT3 and M3-SIRT3 transgenes in the heart preserved left ventricular posterior wall thickness (P&lt;0.05) and ejection fraction (P&lt;0.05) in DOX treated mice. Triglycerides and phospholipids (PE, PI, PC) were decreased in DOX treated mouse hearts while phosphatidylserine (PS), sphingomyelin and ganglioside (GM3) lipid species were increased (p&lt;0.05). A negative correlation between decreased cardiac output and increased GM3 24:1 (R=-0.62, P&lt;0.05), PS 38:4 levels (R=-0.81, P&lt;0.005) and SM 35:1 (R=-0.65, P&lt;0.05) was identified. 36 acetylated peptides involved in metabolic processes, oxidative stress resistance and lipid remodeling (eg. IDH2, SOD2, HADHA, P&lt;0.05) were significantly altered in DOX-treated mice. Increased SIRT3 expression in the heart rescues DOX-induced cardiac dysfunction. DOX-induced cardiac dysfunction involved alterations in cardiac lipids and acetylated proteins that could be rescued by increased SIRT3 expression in the heart.
Abstract 9900: Long-Term Preservation of Functional Capacity and Quality of Life in Advanced Heart Failure Patients with Bridge to Transplant Therapy: A Report from Japanese Nationwide Multicenter Registry
Authors: Takuma Sato, Toshiyuki Nagai, Yuta Kobayashi, Wakasa Satoru, Takeshi Nakatani, Yoshikatsu Saiki, Minoru Ono, Toshihisa Anzai
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: Bridge to transplant (BTT) with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are the most common treatment strategy for advanced heart failure patients. Under the 2018 revised heart allocation system in the United States, stable LVAD patients are anticipated to stay longer on the waiting list as they are lower relative priority for heart transplantation (HTx). However, little is known regarding long-term trajectory of functional capacity (FC) and health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) following LVAD implantation. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 442 consecutive patients who received the HeartMate II LVADs as BTT between April 2013 and May 2019 and were followed at least 12 months from the Japanese Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support registry. FC (NYHA functional class, peak oxygen uptake [VO 2 ] and 6-mimutes walk test [6MWT]) and HR-QOL (European Quality of Life [EQ-5D index] and Visual Analogue Scale [VAS]) were assessed at baseline and up to 60 months after LVAD implantation. Results: During the follow-up period of 30 (IQR 18-42) months, 100 (22.6%) patients were transplanted, 37 (8.3%) died, and 14 (3.1%) were explanted for recovery. Three hundred and forty-three (77.6%) patients had NYHA class IV at baseline. Following LVAD implantation, 86% of patients at 3 months and 87% at 60 months improved to NYHA class I or II. Mean peak VO 2 , 6MWT distance, EQ-5D index and VAS were significantly improved at 3 months after LVAD implantation ( P = 0.0012, P = 0.0037, P &lt;0.001, P &lt;0.001, respectively). Furthermore, these improvements were sustained up to 60 months following LVAD implantation (Figure A-D). Adverse events including device failure, infection, stroke and bleeding occurred within 3 months after LVAD implantation did not affect FC or HR-QOL up to 60 months ( P = 0.69, P = 0.40, respectively). Conclusions: Patients who received LVADs showed long-term preservation of FC and HR-QOL, suggesting that BTT-LVAD may remain an option despite a longer time to HTx.
Abstract 14306: Sex Differences in GC1-cGMP Related Cardioprotective Mechanism for Right Heart Failure in Mice Subjected to Right Ventricular Pressure Overload
Authors: Nobuaki Fukuma, Ilaria Russo, Christos Tzimas, Wen Dun, Emily Tsai
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: Right ventricular dysfunction and failure are independently associated with worse clinical outcomes, regardless of left ventricular EF. The molecular pathophysiology of right ventricular failure and its sex differences are poorly understood. The recent success of cGMP enhancing drugs in HF clinical trials indicated potential right heart benefits by activating cGMP signaling. However, details how myocardial cGMP signaling regulates right heart failure remain to be elucidated. Hypothesis: GC1α-cGMP signaling confers anti-remodeling benefits to RV with improvement of LV diastolic function after RV pressure overload. Method: Adult male and female constitutive GC1α knockout mice (GC1α KO) were subjected to pulmonary artery banding (PAB, 25G needle) and serial echocardiography were performed at 3- and 6-weeks post-surgery. Age and sex-matched wild type C57B6/J mice were used as controls. Results: Survival at 6wks post-PAB was worse in GC1αKO compared to WT controls (100 % of WT vs 38.5 % of GC1αKO, p&lt;0.05; Gehan-Breslow-Wilcoxon-test) indicating the exacerbated heart failure by GC1α ablation. RV systolic function at 3 weeks post-surgery was deteriorated in GC1αKO male, assessed with RV FAC (%) (WT vs GC1αKO: 58.0 vs 35.6 p&lt;0.05; t-test) and TAPSE (mm) (WT vs GC1αKO: 0.94 vs 0.64 p&lt;0.05; t-test). Female showed limited RV systolic dysfunction and worse LV diastolic dysfunction at 3 weeks post-surgery compared to male, assessed with TAPSE (mm) (WT vs GC1αKO: 0.85 vs 0.63, p&lt;0.05; t-test) and mitral IVS E/E’ (WT vs GC1αKO: 18.3 vs 29.3, p&lt;0.05; t-test). Interestingly, the impact of GC1α ablation to RV systolic function is bigger in male, but that to LV diastolic function is bigger in female, indicating sex differences of GC1-cGMP regulated cardio-protective effects to right heart failure. The fetal gene expressions( nppb and Myh7 ) in right heart also showed worse right heart remodeling by GC1α ablation especially in male at 6 weeks post-surgery. Conclusions: Inactivation of GC1α-cGMP signaling induced right heart remodeling after PAB. Female mice showed LV diastolic dysfunction with limited right heart remodeling compared to age-matched male, indicating sex differences in GC1-cGMP related right heart protective mechanism.