tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The association of family history of primary liver cancer with cholangiocarcinoma: USA case-control study.
Authors: Madhulika Eluri, Rikita Hatia, Milind M. Javle, Manal Hassan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

403 Background: The incidence of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), particularly intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHC) has exponentially increased in the United States since 2007. While cholangiocarcinomas share some common characteristics, increasing evidence suggests that different subtypes of CCA have divergent tumor microenvironments, pathobiology and distinct epidemiologic features and risk factors. The correlation between family history of cancer and cholangiocarcinoma remains to be determined. This study aims to address the connection between positive family history of primary liver cancer and development of cholangiocarcinoma, including intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHC) and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHC), in USA. Methods: At The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, we studied 429 patients with pathologically confirmed cholangiocarcinoma (308 IHC, 121 EHC) and 1,075 healthy controls. All subjects were interviewed for their family history of cancer, including the number of relatives with cancer, the type of cancer, the subjects’ relationship with the relative, and the age at which the relative was diagnosed. Results: Independent of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), a family history of cancer was significantly associated with IHC and EHC, the estimated ORs and 95% CI were 1.6 (1.2-2.2) and 1.6 (1.1-2.5) for IHC and EHC respectively. Primary liver cancer in first-degree relatives was significantly associated with EHC development (OR 9.4 [95% CI, 2.9-30.7]). No significant association was observed for IHC, (OR 1.7 [95% CI, 0.5-5.9]). The prevalence of family history of primary liver cancer in first-degree members was recorded in 6.6% of EHC patients and in 1.6% of IHC patients. Multiple relatives with primary liver cancer were observed in 5 patients (4.1%) among EHC subjects but less common in IHC (1%). All estimated ORs were adjusted for age, sex, race, smoking, alcohol, Hepatitis virus infection, diabetes, and obesity. Conclusions: First-degree family history of primary liver cancer is associated with EHC development in USA independent of known risk factors for CCA. Further research exploring the genetic–environment interactions associated with EHC is warranted. Focused efforts in identifying the population at increased risk for developing EHC are necessary and may lead to new screening and surveillance strategies.
CAR T-cell Characteristics Determine Efficacy
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2020)

Abstract An excess of exhausted T cells may explain why some patients with large B-cell lymphoma do not benefit from chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, a recent study concludes. The research also shows that patients with monocyte-like cells in their infusions are more likely to develop severe neurologic side effects. The study suggests measures to increase the effectiveness and safety of CAR T-cell products.
Mechanisms of cutting-balloon angioplasty in the treatment of in-stent restenosis: A volumetric intravascular ultrasound study Thomas M. Schiele, Andreas K�nig, Johannes Rieber, Monika Baylacher, Hans-Ulrich Stempfle, Karl Theisen, Volker Klauss. Dpt. of Cardiology, Klinikum der Universit�t M�nchen-Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit�t, Munich, Germany
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
PROSPECTIVE EVALUATION OF THE ‘EYEBALL’ TEST FOR ASSESSING FRAILTY IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH VALVULAR HEART DISEASE
Authors: Paul Sorajja, Aisha Ahmed, Akila Pai, Nicholas Plimpton, John Lesser, Richard Bae, Wesley Pedersen, Lisa Tindell, Robert Farivar, Kevin Harris
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Abstract 100: A MicroRNA Signature for Left Ventricular Reverse Remodeling in Chronic Systolic Heart Failure
Authors: Olivia Ziegler, Ravi Shah, Kirsty Danielson, Chun Yang Xiao, Dustin Rabideau, Kristina Hanspers, Venkatesh Murthy, Arianna Belcher, Michael Tackett, Pablo Pinzon-Quintero, Avash Das, Alexander Pico, James Januzzi, Saumya Das
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

Introduction: Left ventricular reverse remodeling (LVRR) in heart failure (HF) is linked to improved patient outcomes. Current strategies to identify individuals who respond favorably to therapy in HF are limited. Though circulating microRNAs (miRs) show epigenetic regulation of LVRR in vivo , there is little clinical data linking plasma-circulating miRs to LVRR. Here we employ a point-of-care microRNA assay, Firefly, in silico analyses, and murine models of HF to characterize profiles of circulating miRs that prognosticate LVRR in patients with HF undergoing guideline directed therapy. Hypothesis: Profiles of miRs in circulating plasma will prognosticate LVRR in patients with HF better than the current clinical model alone and may play a functional role in LVRR. Methods: Plasma from 64 patients from the PROTECT study who had serial echocardiography and available plasma at pre-randomization study visit were run on Abcam’s Firefly platform to assay levels of 51 miRs, selected on prior sequencing efforts (for discovery) and published roles in CVD. miR levels were subject to PC analysis to predict LVRR. Candidate miRs were then validated in a murine model of transverse aortic constriction-induced heart failure (TAC-HF) and their function assessed in cardiomyocyte culture systems. Results: Principle component analysis revealed 4 PCs accounting for 62.4% of the observed variation without significant association with extant markers of HF. When PC2 miR levels were added to the clinical model prognostic ability for LVRR improved substantially (AIC 79.5, (OR=6.84, 95% CI 1.81-25.80, P= 0.005). In silico analysis was then applied to generate networks of mRNAs regulated by PC2 miRs. In the murine TAC-HF model, miRs 423, 212, 221, 193b were differentially regulated, as were the predicted targets of these miRs. These miRs, particularly in combination, appeared to be regulators of cardiac hypertrophy in vitro . Conclusions: Circulating miR profiles in HF improve prognosticative ability for patients who will undergo LVRR over the clinical model alone. Additionally these miRs and their targets are dynamically regulated in murine models of HF, suggesting they may have functional and potential therapeutic utility in addition to their prognostic power.
Core homologous recombination mutations and improved survival in nonpancreatic GI cancers.
Authors: Elaine Tan, Junmin Whiting, Christine Marie Walko, Todd C Knepper, Hao Xie, Iman Imanirad, Estrella M. Carballido, Seth Felder, Jessica M. Frakes, Qianxing Mo, Jennifer Permuth, Richard D. Kim, Daniel A. Anaya, Jason B. Fleming, Ibrahim Halil Halil Sahin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

663 Background: GI malignancies continue to be a major cause of cancer related deaths, despite advances in therapy options. In pancreatic cancer, the presence of homologous recombination mutations (HRM) has been shown to confer increased sensitivity to platinum chemotherapy. However, the role of HRM mutations in other GI cancers remains to be determined. The focus of this study is to evaluate the prognostic nature of core and noncore HRM in nonpancreatic GI cancers. Additionally, we aim to understand the predictive nature of these mutations related to platinum exposure. Methods: This was a retrospective review of patients at Moffitt Cancer Center with a primary stage IV nonpancreatic GI cancer treated with platinum therapy. All patients had next generation sequencing and were in the Clinical Genomics Action Committee database between 1/1/2013 and 11/1/2020. All patients had either a core HRM (BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2) or noncore HRM (such as ATM, ATR, BARD1, BRIP1, FANCA, NBN, and RAD51). Patients were grouped into core HRM vs. noncore HRM. Response was stratified between responders (complete response and partial response) vs. non responders (stable disease and progressive disease), based on RECIST criteria. Progression free survival and overall survival were estimated using Kaplan-Meier method, and the log-rank test was used to assess the difference in progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) by HRM status and type of platinum therapy used. Results: There were 72 patients included in the study: the majority of patients were male (65.3%) and Caucasian (87.5%). Twenty-one (29.2%) patients had a core HRM and 51 (70.8%) had a noncore HRM. There was no significant difference in response rate between patients with core HRM and patients with noncore HRM for evaluable patients (n = 66): 20.0% of patients with core HRM vs. 21.7% of patients with noncore HRM demonstrated a response to platinum therapy (p = 0.41). An improved OS was noted for patients with core HRM vs. those with noncore HRM at 68.9 vs. 24.3 months (p = 0.019). An improved PFS was also seen in patients with core HRM at 10.4 months vs. 6.3 months with noncore HRM (p = 0.027). There was no difference in PFS based on type of platinum therapy used (oxaliplatin vs. carboplatin vs. cisplatin), while an improved OS was noted for patients treated with oxaliplatin vs. carboplatin vs. cisplatin at 43.1 vs. 28.2 vs. 16.0 months (p = 0.011). Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that in stage IV nonpancreatic GI malignancies treated with platinum therapy, patients with core HRM had a greater OS and PFS compared to those with noncore HRM, suggesting a potential prognostic and predictive role of these mutations. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings.
A MALARIA EXPERIMENT.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract P313: Association of Positive Emotion and Cardiovascular Health in Hispanics/Latinos With Chronic Kidney Disease: Results From the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)
Authors: Rosalba Hernandez, James P Lash, Brett Burrows, Holly J Mattix-Kramer, Ramon A Durazo-Arvizu, Gregory A Talavera, Frank J Penedo, Tasneem Khambaty, Ashley E Moncrieft, Jinsong Chen, Martha L Daviglus
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Mounting evidence exists, linking positive emotion (e.g., joy) to favorable health outcomes. Little is known of the relationship between positive emotion and the American Heart Association defined concept of cardiovascular health ( CVH ), particularly in Hispanics/Latinos with chronic kidney disease ( CKD ), a group at high risk of cardiovascular mortality. Hypothesis: In Hispanics/Latinos with CKD, those with greater positive emotion will display more favorable CVH profiles. Methods: We analyzed data from adults ages 18-74 with stage 1-5 non-dialysis dependent CKD enrolled in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos in 2008-11. Positively worded items of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale were used to create a composite positive emotion score (range, 0-6; higher scores indicative of greater positive emotion). A composite overall CVH score was calculated using metrics of diet, body mass index, physical activity, cholesterol, blood pressure, fasting glucose, and smoking status. Each metric was defined as ideal, intermediate, or poor to compute an additive score ranging from 0-14; ideal metrics were also enumerated to compute an ideal CVH score, ranging from 0-7. Linear and logistic regression analyses were used to examine associations of positive emotion with CVH, after adjusting for relevant covariates. Results: Overall, 1,716 participants screened positive for CKD † . In multivariable-adjusted models, a higher positive emotion score was associated with higher overall and ideal CVH scores when modeling CVH as a continuous outcome, (overall CVH: β=0.11, 95% CI=0.01, 0.20; ideal CVH: β=0.06, 95% CI=0.01, 0.11) ( Table 1 ). A 1-unit increase in positive emotion was associated with 1.14 times higher odds of having &gt; 4 (vs. &lt;4) ideal CVH indicators. Conclusions: These findings provide preliminary evidence for an association between positive emotion and CVH in Hispanics/Latinos with CKD. Future studies should explore the mechanism through which emotion influence heart health.
A Temperature‐Based Easy‐Separable (<i>TempEasy</i>) 3D Hydrogel Coculture System
Authors: Zhaobao Zhang, Wen Chen, Dorien M. Tiemessen, Egbert Oosterwijk, Paul H. J. Kouwer
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2022)

Interactions between different cell types are crucial for their behavior in tissues, but are rarely considered in 3D in vitro cell culture experiments. One reason is that such coculture experiments are sometimes difficult to perform in 3D or require specialized equipment or know-how. Here, a new 3D cell coculture system is introduced, TempEasy, which is readily applied in any cell culture lab. The matrix material is based on polyisocyanide hydrogels, which closely resemble the mechanical characteristics of the natural extracellular matrix. Gels with different gelation temperatures, seeded with different cells, are placed on top of each other to form an indirect coculture. Cooling reverses gelation, allowing cell harvesting from each layer separately, which benefits downstream analysis. To demonstrate the potential of TempEasy , human adipose stem cells (hADSCs) with vaginal epithelial fibroblasts are cocultured. The analysis of a 7-day coculture shows that hADSCs promote cell-cell interaction of fibroblasts, while fibroblasts promote proliferation and differentiation of hADSCs. TempEasy provides a straightforward operational platform for indirect cocultures of cells of different lineages in well-defined microenvironments.
Exosomes in cancer immunoediting and immunotherapy
Authors: Yarong Zhao, Luotong Liu, Rongze Sun, Guilin Cui, Shuyu Guo, Songren Han, Ziwei Li, Tian Bai, Lesheng Teng
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2022)

As an important means of communication among cells, exosomes are being studied more and more widely, especially in the context of cancer immunotherapy. In the phase of tumor immunoediting, exosomes derived from tumor cells and different immune cells have complex and changeable physiological functions, because they carry different proteins and nucleic acid from the source cells. Based on the role of exosomes in the communication between different cells, cancer treatment methods are also under continuous research. This review briefly introduces the molecular composition of exosomes, which is closely related to their secretion mechanism. Subsequently, the role of exosomes encapsulating different information molecules is summarized. The role of exosomes in the three phases of tumor immunoediting is introduced in detail, and the relevant literature of exosomes in the tumor immune microenvironment is summarized by using a novel framework for extracting relevant documents. Finally, it summarizes the various exosome-based immunotherapies currently proposed, as well as the challenges and future prospects of exosomes in tumor immunotherapy.
A phase 3 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of durvalumab in combination with gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GemCis) in patients (pts) with advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC): TOPAZ-1.
Authors: Do-Youn Oh, Aiwu Ruth He, Shukui Qin, Li-Tzong Chen, Takuji Okusaka, Arndt Vogel, Jin Won Kim, Thatthan Suksombooncharoen, Myung Ah Lee, Masayuki Kitano, Howard A. Burris III, Mohamed Bouattour, Suebpong Tanasanvimon, Renata Zaucha, Antonio Avallone, Juan Cundom, Nana Rokutanda, Julia Xiong, Gordon Cohen, Juan W. Valle
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

378 Background: BTC is a rare, heterogenous cancer with poor prognosis. Reports on immunogenic features of BTC suggest checkpoint inhibition may result in antitumor immune responses, and limited clinical activity has been seen with single agents in advanced settings. Durvalumab (PD-L1 inhibitor) + GemCis showed promising antitumor activity in advanced BTC in a phase 2 study. TOPAZ-1 (NCT03875235) is the first global phase 3 study to evaluate first-line immunotherapy + GemCis in advanced BTC. Methods: In this double-blind study, pts previously untreated for unresectable locally advanced, recurrent, or metastatic BTC were randomized 1:1 to receive durvalumab (1500 mg every 3 weeks [Q3W]) or placebo + GemCis (Gem 1000 mg/m 2 and Cis 25 mg/m 2 on Days 1 and 8 Q3W) for up to 8 cycles, followed by durvalumab (1500 mg Q4W) or placebo until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Randomization was stratified by disease status (initially unresectable, recurrent) and primary tumor location (intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, gallbladder cancer). The primary objective was to assess overall survival (OS). Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and safety. Results: At data cutoff for this interim analysis (11 August 2021), 685 pts were randomized to durvalumab + GemCis (n=341) or placebo + GemCis (n=344; Table). The primary objective was met: durvalumab + GemCis significantly improved OS vs placebo + GemCis (hazard ratio [HR], 0.80; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66–0.97; p=0.021). PFS was also significantly improved with durvalumab vs placebo (HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.64–0.89; p=0.001). ORR was 26.7% with durvalumab and 18.7% with placebo. Grade 3/4 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) occurred in 62.7% of pts receiving durvalumab and 64.9% of pts receiving placebo. TRAEs led to discontinuation of any study medication in 8.9% of pts receiving durvalumab and 11.4% of pts receiving placebo. Conclusions: In pts with advanced BTC, durvalumab + GemCis significantly improved OS and PFS vs placebo + GemCis with manageable safety, indicating durvalumab + GemCis may be a new first-line standard of care regimen. Clinical trial information: NCT03875235. [Table: see text]
The link between IFN- and allograft arteriopathy: is the answer NO?
Authors: R. N. Mitchell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

Vascularized organ transplants often fail because of smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation in the intima of graft arteries, leading to progressive lumenal narrowing and resultant ischemic damage. Graft arterial disease is caused by IFN-γ secreted by alloreactive T cells. New evidence indicates that IFN-γ dysregulates expression of the enzymes eNOS and iNOS in graft-infiltrating leukocytes. Dysregulated NO synthase expression occurs prior to and is causally linked to intimal smooth muscle cell accumulation.
Diagnostic Radiology
Authors: Murray L. Janower
Journal: JAMA (1974)

THE PRESENCE of an early carcinoma of the stomach is usually first documented by the radiologist and remains one of his greatest daily challenges. While recent technical advances such as televised fluoroscopy, cineradiography, and 70-mm and 100-mm spot films have become available, no examination requires more skill and diligence than the upper gastrointestinal roentgenographic series. The following discussion will review the more common x-ray film findings seen in this disease. Carcinoma of the stomach occurs in four major forms: an ulcer, a polypoid mass, an infiltrating lesion, or a combination of these.<sup>73</sup>The role of the radiologist is twofold: first, to document the presence of the lesion including the demonstration of its roentgenographic characteristics, and second, to differentiate correctly the case of cancer from the more common forms of benign disease. The ulcer in carcinoma usually does not project beyond the wall of the stomach; it has irregular margins,
THE PROGRAM OF THE AMERICAN RED CROSS
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diseases of the Nervous System
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Code Revision.
Authors: A. C. Simonton
Journal: JAMA (1894)

San Jose, Cal, April, 1894. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —It will be remembered that the writer hereof had something to say last year on the question of revision of the Code of Ethics, viz.: In theJournalof April 22 and May 27,1893. I then urged what I considered strong and cogent reasons why the Code should be revised, and have seen no reason to change that opinion since. There had been, up to those dates, an individual writing over the signature of "A Conservative Member," who had occupied many columns in theJournalfor many months, to convince the profession of the beauties and perfections of our present Code. I have wondered what has befallen "Conservative" that he has kept silent in the face of the still threatening change in the dear old document. Is it barely possible that in the year of grace, 1894, he has the full courage