tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Identification of antibiotic pairs that evade concurrent resistance via a retrospective analysis of antimicrobial susceptibility test results
Authors: Andrew M Beckley, Erik S Wright
Journal: The Lancet Microbe (2021)

BackgroundSome antibiotic pairs display a property known as collateral sensitivity in which the evolution of resistance to one antibiotic increases sensitivity to the other. Alternating between collaterally sensitive antibiotics has been proposed as a sustainable solution to the problem of antibiotic resistance. We aimed to identify antibiotic pairs that could be considered for treatment strategies based on alternating antibiotics.MethodsWe did a retrospective analysis of 448 563 antimicrobial susceptibility test results acquired over a 4-year period (Jan 1, 2015, to Dec 31, 2018) from 23 hospitals in the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (Pittsburgh, PA, USA) hospital system. We used a score based on mutual information to identify pairs of antibiotics displaying disjoint resistance, wherein resistance to one antibiotic is commonly associated with susceptibility to the other and vice versa. We applied this approach to the six most frequently isolated bacterial pathogens (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus mirabilis) and subpopulations of each created by conditioning on resistance to individual antibiotics. To identify higher-order antibiotic interactions, we predicted rates of multidrug resistance for triplets of antibiotics using Markov random fields and compared these to the observed rates.FindingsWe identified 69 antibiotic pairs displaying varying degrees of disjoint resistance for subpopulations of the six bacterial species. However, disjoint resistance was rarely conserved at the species level, with only 6 (0·7%) of 875 antibiotic pairs showing evidence of disjoint resistance. Instead, more than half of antibiotic pairs (465 [53·1%] of 875) exhibited signatures of concurrent resistance, whereby resistance to one antibiotic is associated with resistance to another. We found concurrent resistance to extend to more than two antibiotics, with observed rates of resistance to three antibiotics being higher than predicted from pairwise information alone.InterpretationThe high frequency of concurrent resistance shows that bacteria have means of counteracting multiple antibiotics at a time. The almost complete absence of disjoint resistance at the species level implies that treatment strategies based on alternating between antibiotics might require subspecies level pathogen identification and be limited to a few antibiotic pairings.FundingUS National Institutes of Health.
Host immune system modulation in Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients treated with dasatinib and blinatumomab
Authors: Maria Cristina Puzzolo, Giulia Radice, Nadia Peragine, Maria Stefania de Propris, Paola Mariglia, Marco Vignetti, Antonella Vitale, Renato Bassan, Mario Annunziata, Gianluca Gaidano, Alessandro Rambaldi, Sabina Chiaretti, Anna Guarini, Robin Foà
Journal: Blood (2021)
腎動脈狭窄症(RAS)に対するステント治療(PTRA)の臨床的有用性
Authors: 青木裕司, 瀬川潤, 板家直樹, 冬野隆一, 佐野哲朗, 三浦靖史, 古賀義則, 縄田義夫, 冬野喜郎
Journal: Circulation (2009)
A Grant-Based Experiment to Train Clinical Investigators: The AACR/ASCO Methods in Clinical Cancer Research Workshop
Authors: Daniel D. Von Hoff, Gary M. Clark, Charles A. Coltman, Mary L. Disis, S.G. Eckhardt, Lee M. Ellis, Margaret Foti, Elizabeth Garrett-Mayer, Mithat Gönen, Manuel Hidalgo, Susan G. Hilsenbeck, John H. Littlefield, Patricia M. LoRusso, H. Kim Lyerly, Neal J. Meropol, Jyoti D. Patel, Steven Piantadosi, Dean A. Post, Meredith M. Regan, Yu Shyr, Margaret A. Tempero, Joel E. Tepper, Jamie Von Roenn, Louis M. Weiner, Donn C. Young, Nu V. Vu
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract To address the need for clinical investigators in oncology, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) and American Society for Clinical Oncology (ASCO) established the Methods in Clinical Cancer Research Workshop (MCCRW). The workshop's objectives were to: (i) provide training in the methods, design, and conduct of clinical trials; (ii) ensure that clinical trials met federal and international ethical guidelines; (iii) evaluate the effectiveness of the workshop; and (iv) create networking opportunities for young investigators with mentoring senior faculty. Educational methods included: (i) didactic lectures, (ii) Small Group Discussion Sessions, (iii) Protocol Development Groups, and (iv) one-on-one mentoring. Learning focused on the development of an Institutional Review Board (IRB)-ready protocol, which was submitted on the last day of the workshop. Evaluation methods included: (i) pre- and postworkshop tests, (ii) students' workshop evaluations, (iii) faculty's ratings of protocol development, (iv) students' productivity in clinical research after the workshop, and (v) an independent assessment of the workshop. From 1996 to 2014, 1,932 students from diverse backgrounds attended the workshop. There was a significant improvement in the students' level of knowledge from the pre- to the postworkshop exams (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Across the classes, student evaluations were very favorable. At the end of the workshop, faculty rated 92% to 100% of the students' protocols as ready for IRB submission. Intermediate and long-term follow-ups indicated that more than 92% of students were actively involved in patient-related research, and 66% had implemented five or more protocols. This NCI-sponsored MCCRW has had a major impact on the training of clinicians in their ability to design and implement clinical trials in cancer research.
First-line avelumab in a cohort of 116 patients with metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma (JAVELIN Merkel 200): primary and biomarker analyses of a phase II study
Authors: Sandra P D'Angelo, Celeste Lebbé, Laurent Mortier, Andrew S Brohl, Nicola Fazio, Jean-Jacques Grob, Natalie Prinzi, Glenn J Hanna, Jessica C Hassel, Felix Kiecker, Sara Georges, Barbara Ellers-Lenz, Parantu Shah, Gülseren Güzel, Paul Nghiem
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2021)

Avelumab (anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1)) is approved in multiple countries for the treatment of metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma (mMCC), a rare and aggressive skin cancer. We report efficacy and safety data and exploratory biomarker analyses from a cohort of patients with mMCC treated with first-line avelumab in a phase II trial.
Early SARS-CoV-2-related mortality of liver cancer patients: Cancer stage matters
Authors: S. Munoz-Martinez, V. Sapena, A. Forner, J. Bruix, M. S. Zamparelli, M. Bouattour, C. R. G. Leal, C. F. Theodoro, M. El-Kassas, J. C. Nault, L. Blaise, T. Mocan, L. G. da Fonseca, H. L. Reeves, R. Alves, I. G. Juarez, M. Varela, D. J. Pinato, A. C. Gardini, M. R. Alvares-da-Silva, J. G. Santiago, M. D. Lozano, J. C. Bandi, L. Rimassa, M. Sala, S. Alqahtani, M. M. Anders, F. Pinero, A. Lachenmayer, F. Tacke, C. Roderburg, M. R. Gomez, M. Peck-Radosavljevic, G. Cabibbo, A. Elvevi, M. Guarino, A. V. C. Franca, R. Villani, M. V. Gomez, J. Acevedo, C. R. de Lope, V. Mello, C. Perello, S. Pascual, C. Braconi, M. Iavarone, M. Reig
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2021)
SARS-CoV-2 one year on-the worrying impact on early detection of primary liver cancers
Authors: D. Geh, R. Watson, S. McPherson, S. Masson, J. Dyson, L. MacDougall, M. Donnelly, P. Patel, L. Walker, J. Hammond, J. French, S. White, S. Robinson, G. Sen, P. Turner, J. Scott, M. McNeil, M. McCain, S. Asghar, N. Wadd, L. Mariappan, J. Margetts, P. Littler, D. Manas, H. L. Reeves
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2021)
Acupuncture for Cancer Survivors
Authors: Mitsuaki Oura, Fumiya Omata, Yoshitaka Nishikawa
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2021)

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P-255 The clinical significance of the gut microbiota in RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies in combination with chemotherapy – preliminary results
Authors: T. Lewandowski, P. Stelmasiak, J. Stefańska, R. Wolinowska, B. Bobrowska, A. Laskowska
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Depression accelerates gastric cancer invasion and metastasis by inducing a neuroendocrine phenotype via the catecholamine/β<sub>2</sub>‐AR/MACC1 axis
Authors: Changqie Pan, Jianhua Wu, Siting Zheng, Huiying Sun, Yisheng Fang, Zhenhua Huang, Min Shi, Li Liang, Jianping Bin, Yulin Liao, Jinzhang Chen, Wangjun Liao
Journal: Cancer Communications (2021)

Abstract Background Depression is a common, easily ignored, accompanied disease of gastric cancer (GC) patients and is often observed with elevated plasma catecholamine levels. Depression frequently promotes GC progression and leads to poor clinical outcomes; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying depression‐induced GC progression remain poorly understood. We aimed to study the effects of depression on GC progression and explore possible mechanisms mediating the action of depression‐associated catecholamines on GC. Methods Depression states of GC patients were graded using the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9, and plasma catecholamine levels were examined by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Migrative and invasive GC cells were examined using transwell assays, and metastatic GC niches were imaged using bioluminescence technology in a depression mouse model established with chronic unpredictable mild stress. Mouse depression‐like behaviors were assessed through sucrose preference, forced swimming, and tail suspension tests. Characteristics of the neuroendocrine phenotype were observed via RT‐PCR, Western blotting, flow cytometry, and transmission electron microscopy. Results Fifty‐one GC patients (age: 53.61 ± 1.79 years; cancer duration: 3.71 ± 0.33 months; depression duration: 2.37 ± 0.38 months; male‐to‐female ratio: 1.55:1) were enrolled in the study. Depression grade was significantly higher in GC patients showing higher plasma levels of catecholamines (epinephrine: P = 0.018; noradrenaline: P = 0.009), higher oncogene metastasis‐associated in colon cancer‐1 (MACC1) level ( P = 0.018), and metastasis ( P &lt; 0.001). Further, depression‐associated catecholamine specifically bound to the beta‐2 adrenergic receptor (β 2 ‐AR) and upregulated MACC1 expression, and thus promoting neuroendocrine phenotypic transformation through direct binding between MACC1 and synaptophysin. Eventually, the neuroendocrine phenotypic transformation accelerated GC invasion in vitro and metastasis in vivo. However, β 2 ‐AR antagonist ICI‐118,551 or MACC1 silencing effectively blocked the catecholamine‐induced neuroendocrine phenotypic transformation and eliminated depression‐enhanced GC migration and invasion. Moreover, β 2 ‐AR blocking or MACC1 silencing prevented GC metastasis attributed to a neuroendocrine phenotype in a depression mouse model. Conclusions Catecholamine‐induced neuroendocrine phenotypes of GC cells led to depression‐accelerated GC invasion and metastasis via the β 2 ‐AR/MACC1 axis, while β 2 ‐AR antagonist or MACC1 silencing could reverse it, showing promising potential therapeutic strategies for improving the outcome of GC patients with comorbid depression.
Abstract 18845: Visual Assessment of the Insular Cortices Using Routine Brain Magnetic Resonance Images in Heart Failure
Authors: Alan Pan, Rajesh Kumar, Paul M Macey, Gregg C Fonarow, Ronald M Harper, Mary A Woo
Journal: Circulation (2013)

INTRODUCTION: Heart failure (HF) patients show compromised autonomic control that contributes to increased mortality in the condition. The insular cortices contribute to regulation of the autonomic nervous system, and damage in those regions can contribute to cardiac death by exaggerating sympathetic responses characteristic of HF. Structural brain changes have been reported in the insular cortices using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) procedures commonly used in research, but rarely applied in clinical practice. It is unclear whether insular injury can be determined by visual examination using routine MRI clinical procedures in HF. Our aim was to visually examine insular cortices in HF and control subjects to determine if appearance of damage appeared based on quantitative MRI procedures can be identified using routine MRI procedures. METHODS: We visually assessed insular brain regions in 17 HF (mean age ± SD, 54.4 ± 8.1 years; BMI, 29.4 ± 5.7 kg/m2; 12 male; LVEF, 0.28 ± 0.07) and 50 control subjects (age, 50.6 ± 7.0 years; BMI, 24.9 ± 4.0 kg/m2; 29 male) using T2-weighted and proton density-weighted images acquired from a 3.0-Tesla MRI scanner. Standardized visual assessment scores of the insular cortices were compared between HF and control groups. RESULTS: No significant differences in age or gender appeared between HF and control subjects. Body-mass-indices showed significant differences between HF and control subjects. Significant differences arose in the left insular cortex (HF vs. control; 2.53 ± 1.01 vs. 1.88 ± 0.87; P = 0.003) and right insular cortex (2.53 ± 0.87 vs. 1.76 ± 0.87; P = 0.001) in HF compared to control subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Visual assessment of routine MR images can detect insular cortical atrophy in HF patients, and may allow for increased opportunity to evaluate the progression of injury accompanying the enhanced sympathetic drive characteristic of the syndrome.
Combining tumor deposits with the number of lymph node metastases to improve the prognostic accuracy in stage III colon cancer: a post hoc analysis of the CALGB/SWOG 80702 phase III study (Alliance)☆
Authors: R. Cohen, Q. Shi, J. Meyers, Z. Jin, M. Svrcek, C. Fuchs, F. Couture, P. Kuebler, K.K. Ciombor, J. Bendell, A. De Jesus-Acosta, P. Kumar, D. Lewis, B. Tan, M.M. Bertagnolli, P. Philip, C. Blanke, E.M. O'Reilly, A. Shields, J.A. Meyerhardt
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Phase 1 study of ibrutinib and the CXCR4 antagonist ulocuplumab in CXCR4-mutated Waldenström macroglobulinemia
Authors: Steven P. Treon, Kirsten Meid, Zachary R. Hunter, Catherine A. Flynn, Shayna R. Sarosiek, Carly R. Leventoff, Timothy P. White, Yang Cao, Aldo M. Roccaro, Antonio Sacco, Maria G. Demos, Maria Luisa Guerrera, Amanda Kofides, Xia Liu, Lian Xu, Christopher J. Patterson, Manit Munshi, Nicholas Tsakmaklis, Guang Yang, Irene M. Ghobrial, Andrew R. Branagan, Jorge J. Castillo
Journal: Blood (2021)
Receipt of Screening Mammography by Insured Women Diagnosed With Breast Cancer and Impact on Outcomes
Authors: Marissa B. Lawson, Christoph I. Lee, Daniel S. Hippe, Shasank Chennupati, Catherine R. Fedorenko, Kathleen E. Malone, Scott D. Ramsey, Janie M. Lee
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2021)

The purpose of this study was to determine factors associated with receipt of screening mammography by insured women before breast cancer diagnosis, and subsequent outcomes.Using claims data from commercial and federal payers linked to a regional SEER registry, we identified women diagnosed with breast cancer from 2007 to 2017 and determined receipt of screening mammography within 1 year before diagnosis. We obtained patient and tumor characteristics from the SEER registry and assigned each woman a socioeconomic deprivation score based on residential address. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations of patient and tumor characteristics with late-stage disease and nonreceipt of mammography. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to identify predictors of subsequent mortality.Among 7,047 women, 69% (n=4,853) received screening mammography before breast cancer diagnosis. Compared with women who received mammography, those with no mammography had a higher proportion of late-stage disease (34% vs 10%) and higher 5-year mortality (18% vs 6%). In multivariable modeling, late-stage disease was most associated with nonreceipt of mammography (odds ratio [OR], 4.35; 95% CI, 3.80-4.98). The Cox model indicated that nonreceipt of mammography predicted increased risk of mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 2.00; 95% CI, 1.64-2.43), independent of late-stage disease at diagnosis (HR, 5.00; 95% CI, 4.10-6.10), Charlson comorbidity index score ≥1 (HR, 2.75; 95% CI, 2.26-3.34), and negative estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor status (HR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.67-2.61). Nonreceipt of mammography was associated with younger age (40-49 vs 50-59 years; OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.45-1.96) and increased socioeconomic deprivation (OR, 1.05 per decile increase; 95% CI, 1.03-1.07).In a cohort of insured women diagnosed with breast cancer, nonreceipt of screening mammography was significantly associated with late-stage disease and mortality, suggesting that interventions to further increase uptake of screening mammography may improve breast cancer outcomes.
[18F]MAGL-4-11 positron emission tomography molecular imaging of monoacylglycerol lipase changes in preclinical liver fibrosis models
Authors: Tuo Shao, Zhen Chen, Jian Rong, Vasily Belov, Jiahui Chen, Andre Jeyarajan, Xiaoyun Deng, Hualong Fu, Qingzhen Yu, Steve H. Rwema, Wenyu Lin, Mikhail Papisov, Lee Josephson, Raymond T. Chung, Steven H. Liang
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2021)

Monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) is a pivotal enzyme in the endocannabinoid system, which metabolizes 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) into the proinflammatory eicosanoid precursor arachidonic acid (AA). MAGL and other endogenous cannabinoid (EC) degrading enzymes are involved in the fibrogenic signaling pathways that induce hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and ECM accumulation during chronic liver disease. Our group recently developed an 18F-labeled MAGL inhibitor ([18F]MAGL-4-11) for PET imaging and demonstrated highly specific binding in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we determined [18F]MAGL-4-11 PET enabled imaging MAGL levels in the bile duct ligation (BDL) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) models of liver cirrhosis; we also assessed the hepatic gene expression of the enzymes involved with EC system including MAGL, NAPE-PLD, FAAH and DAGL that as a function of disease severity in these models; [18F]MAGL-4-11 autoradiography was performed to assess tracer binding in frozen liver sections both in animal and human. [18F]MAGL-4-11 demonstrated reduced PET signals in early stages of fibrosis and further significantly decreased with disease progression compared with control mice. We confirmed MAGL and FAAH expression decreases with fibrosis severity, while its levels in normal liver tissue are high; in contrast, the EC synthetic enzymes NAPE-PLD and DAGL are enhanced in these different fibrosis models. In vitro autoradiography further supported that [18F]MAGL-4-11 bound specifically to MAGL in both animal and human fibrotic liver tissues. Our PET ligand [18F]MAGL-4-11 shows excellent sensitivity and specificity for MAGL visualization in vivo and accurately reflects the histological stages of liver fibrosis in preclinical models and human liver tissues.
Protective antibodies elicited by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein vaccination are boosted in the lung after challenge in nonhuman primates
Authors: Joseph R. Francica, Barbara J. Flynn, Kathryn E. Foulds, Amy T. Noe, Anne P. Werner, Ian N. Moore, Matthew Gagne, Timothy S. Johnston, Courtney Tucker, Rachel L. Davis, Britta Flach, Sarah O’Connell, Shayne F. Andrew, Evan Lamb, Dillon R. Flebbe, Saule T. Nurmukhambetova, Mitzi M. Donaldson, John-Paul M. Todd, Alex Lee Zhu, Caroline Atyeo, Stephanie Fischinger, Matthew J Gorman, Sally Shin, Venkata Viswanadh Edara, Katharine Floyd, Lilin Lai, Seyhan Boyoglu-Barnum, Renee Van De Wetering, Alida Tylor, Elizabeth McCarthy, Valerie Lecouturier, Sophie Ruiz, Catherine Berry, Timothy Tibbitts, Hanne Andersen, Anthony Cook, Alan Dodson, Laurent Pessaint, Alex Van Ry, Marguerite Koutsoukos, Cindy Gutzeit, I.-Ting Teng, Tongqing Zhou, Dapeng Li, Barton F. Haynes, Peter D. Kwong, Adrian McDermott, Mark G. Lewis, Tong Ming Fu, Roman Chicz, Robbert van der Most, Kizzmekia S. Corbett, Mehul S. Suthar, Galit Alter, Mario Roederer, Nancy J. Sullivan, Daniel C. Douek, Barney S. Graham, Danilo Casimiro, Robert A. Seder
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2021)

Vaccination of nonhuman primates with SARS-CoV-2 spike trimers and AS03 adjuvant induces neutralizing antibodies sufficient to protect from disease.
Blockade of the CD93 pathway normalizes tumor vasculature to facilitate drug delivery and immunotherapy
Authors: Yi Sun, Wei Chen, Robert J. Torphy, Sheng Yao, Gefeng Zhu, Ronggui Lin, Roberta Lugano, Emily N. Miller, Yuki Fujiwara, Li Bian, Linghua Zheng, Sudarshan Anand, Fan Gao, Weizhou Zhang, Sarah E. Ferrara, Andrew E. Goodspeed, Anna Dimberg, Xiao-Jing Wang, Barish H. Edil, Carlton C. Barnett, Richard D. Schulick, Lieping Chen, Yuwen Zhu
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2021)

The immature and dysfunctional vascular network within solid tumors poses a substantial obstacle to immunotherapy because it creates a hypoxic tumor microenvironment that actively limits immune cell infiltration. The molecular basis underpinning this vascular dysfunction is not fully understood. Using genome-scale receptor array technology, we showed here that insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) interacts with its receptor CD93, and we subsequently demonstrated that this interaction contributes to abnormal tumor vasculature. Both CD93 and IGFBP7 were up-regulated in tumor-associated endothelial cells. IGFBP7 interacted with CD93 via a domain different from multimerin-2, the known ligand for CD93. In two mouse tumor models, blockade of the CD93/IGFBP7 interaction by monoclonal antibodies promoted vascular maturation to reduce leakage, leading to reduced tumor hypoxia and increased tumor perfusion. CD93 blockade in mice increased drug delivery, resulting in an improved antitumor response to gemcitabine or fluorouracil. Blockade of the CD93 pathway triggered a substantial increase in intratumoral effector T cells, thereby sensitizing mouse tumors to immune checkpoint therapy. Last, analysis of samples from patients with cancer under anti-programmed death 1/programmed death-ligand 1 treatment revealed that overexpression of the IGFBP7/CD93 pathway was associated with poor response to therapy. Thus, our study identified a molecular interaction involved in tumor vascular dysfunction and revealed an approach to promote a favorable tumor microenvironment for therapeutic intervention.
Abstract 15280: The Outcome of Atrial Fibrillation Ablation According to the Body Mass Index in the VA Healthcare System
Authors: Bilal M Alqam, Zaid H Gheith, Fuad J Habash, Khaldia T Khaled, Amjad M Abualsoud, Mohammed Eid Madmani, Srikanth Vallurupalli, Waddah Maskoun
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) plays a significant role in AF management. Obesity is a major healthcare problem resulting in increased morbidity and mortality and highe...