tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Insights into modifiable risk factors of cholelithiasis: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Lanlan Chen, Hongqun Yang, Haitao Li, Chang He, Liu Yang, Guoyue Lv
Journal: Hepatology (2021)

Abstract Background and Aims The risk factors of cholelithiasis have not been clearly identified, especially for total cholesterol. Here, we try to identify these causal risk factors. Approach and Results We obtained genetic variants associated with the exposures at the genome‐wide significance ( p &lt; 5 × 10 −8 ) level from corresponding genome‐wide association studies. Summary‐level statistical data for cholelithiasis were obtained from FinnGen and UK Biobank (UKB) consortia. Both univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were conducted to identify causal risk factors of cholelithiasis. Results from FinnGen and UKB were combined using the fixed‐effect model. In FinnGen, the odds of cholelithiasis increased per 1‐SD increase of body mass index (BMI) (OR = 1.631, p = 2.16 × 10 −7 ), together with body fat percentage (OR = 2.108, p = 4.56 × 10 −3 ) and fasting insulin (OR = 2.340, p = 9.09 × 10 −3 ). The odds of cholelithiasis would also increase with lowering of total cholesterol (OR = 0.789, p = 8.34 × 10 −5 ) and low‐density lipoprotein–cholesterol (LDL‐C) (OR = 0.792, p = 2.45 × 10 −4 ). However, LDL‐C was not significant in multivariable MR. In UKB, the results of BMI, body fat percentage, total cholesterol, and LDL‐C were replicated. In meta‐analysis, the liability to type 2 diabetes mellitus and smoking could also increase the risk of cholelithiasis. Moreover, there were no associations with other predominant risk factors. Conclusions Our MR study corroborated the risk factors of cholelithiasis from previous MR studies. Furthermore, lower total cholesterol level could be an independent risk factor.
669P Subsequent therapy following pembrolizumab + axitinib or sunitinib treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in the phase III KEYNOTE-426 study
Authors: R. Gafanov, T.B. Powles, J. Bedke, V. Stus, T.S. Waddell, D. Nosov, F. Pouliot, D. Soulieres, B. Melichar, S. Azevedo, R.S. McDermott, I.O. Vynnychenko, D. Borchiellini, M. Markus, I. Bondarenko, J. Lin, J. Burgents, L.R. Molife, E.R. Plimack, B. Rini
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Development features and study characteristics of mobile health apps in the management of chronic conditions: a systematic review of randomised trials
Authors: Maria Cucciniello, Francesco Petracca, Oriana Ciani, Rosanna Tarricone
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2021)

Abstract COVID-19 pandemic challenges have accelerated the reliance on digital health fuelling the expanded incorporation of mobile apps into healthcare services, particularly for the management of long-term conditions such as chronic diseases (CDs). However, the impact of health apps on outcomes for CD remains unclear, potentially owing to both the poor adoption of formal development standards in the design process and the methodological quality of studies. A systematic search of randomised trials was performed on Medline, ScienceDirect, the Cochrane Library and Scopus to provide a comprehensive outlook and review the impact of health apps on CD. We identified 69 studies on diabetes ( n = 29), cardiovascular diseases ( n = 13), chronic respiratory diseases ( n = 13), cancer ( n = 10) or their combinations ( n = 4). The apps rarely adopted developmental factors in the design stage, with only around one-third of studies reporting user or healthcare professional engagement. Apps differed significantly in content, with a median of eight behaviour change techniques adopted, most frequently pertaining to the ‘Feedback and monitoring’ (91%) and ‘Shaping knowledge’ (72%) categories. As for the study methodologies, all studies adopted a traditional randomised control trial (RCT) design, with relatively short follow-ups and limited sample sizes. Findings were not significant for the majority of studies across all CD, with most RCTs revealing a high risk of bias. To support the adoption of apps for CD management, this review reinforces the need for more robust development and appropriate study characteristics to sustain evidence generation and elucidate whether study results reflect the true benefits of apps or a biased estimate due to unsuitable designs.
Surface processing for iron-based degradable alloys: A preliminary study on the importance of acid pickling
Authors: Letícia Marin de Andrade, Carlo Paternoster, Pascale Chevallier, Sofia Gambaro, Paolo Mengucci, Diego Mantovani
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)

The formation of a heterogeneous oxidized layer, also called scale, on metallic surfaces is widely recognized as a rapid manufacturing event for metals and their alloys. Partial or total removal of the scale represents a mandatory integrated step for the industrial fabrication processes of medical devices. For biodegradable metals, acid pickling has already been reported as a preliminary surface preparation given further processes, such as electropolishing. Unfortunately, biodegradable medical prototypes presented discrepancies concerning acid pickling studies based on samples with less complex geometry (e.g., non-uniform scale removal and rougher surface). Indeed, this translational knowledge lacks a detailed investigation on this process, deep characterization of treated surfaces properties, as well as a comprehensive discussion of the involved mechanisms. In this study, the effects of different acidic media (HCl, HNO3, H3PO4, CH3COOH, H2SO4 and HF), maintained at different temperatures (21 and 60 °C) for various exposition time (15–240 s), on the chemical composition and surface properties of a Fe–13Mn-1.2C biodegradable alloy were investigated. Changes in mass loss, morphology and wettability evidenced the combined effect of temperature and time for all conditions. Pickling in HCl and HF solutions favor mass loss (0.03–0.1 g/cm2) and effectively remove the initial scale.
Genome‐wide Association Study of Liver‐related Enzymes Suggests Putative Pleiotropic Effects on Diverse Traits and Diseases
Authors: Hyun‐Seok Kim, Silvia Sookoian, Ruben Hernaez
Journal: Hepatology (2021)

Kim, Hyun‐Seok M.D., M.P.H.; Sookoian, Silvia M.D. Ph.D.; Hernaez, Ruben M.D., M.P.H., P.hD.Editor(s): Corey, Kathleen E.7; Malhi, Harmeet8 Author Information
Corrigendum to “Lung and thymic carcinoids: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up”
Authors: E. Baudin, M. Caplin, R. Garcia-Carbonero, N. Fazio, P. Ferolla, P.L. Filosso, A. Frilling, W.W. de Herder, D. Hörsch, U. Knigge, C.M. Korse, E. Lim, C. Lombard-Bohas, M. Pavel, J.Y. Scoazec, A. Sundin, A. Berruti
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
1831P Prevalence of cardiovascular disease in patients diagnosed with six common curable malignancies: A Virtual Cardio-Oncology Research Institute (VICORI) national registry dataset analysis
Authors: N.M.L. Battisti, C. Welch, M. DeBelder, J. Deanfield, C. Weston, M.D. Peake, M. Sweeting, D. Adlam, A. Ring
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis Awareness and Referral to Providers Among Hispanic/Latino Persons — United States, 2019
Authors: Shubha Rao, Mesfin S. Mulatu, Mingjing Xia, Guoshen Wang, Wei Song, Aba Essuon, Deesha Patel, Adanze Eke, Emilio J. German
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2021)

Hispanic or Latino* (Hispanic) persons are disproportionately affected by HIV in the United States. In 2019, Hispanic persons accounted for 18% of the U.S. population, but for 29% of new diagnoses of HIV infection (1). The Ending the HIV Epidemic in the U.S. (EHE) initiative aims to reduce new HIV infections by 90% by 2030 (2). Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP), medication taken to prevent acquisition of HIV, is an effective strategy for preventing HIV infection.† To examine PrEP awareness and referral to providers among Hispanic persons, CDC analyzed 2019 National HIV Prevention Program Monitoring and Evaluation HIV testing data. Approximately one quarter (27%) of Hispanic persons tested for HIV at CDC-funded sites (n = 310,954) were aware of PrEP, and 22% of those who received a negative HIV test result and were eligible for referral (111,644) were referred to PrEP providers. PrEP awareness and referrals among Hispanic persons were lower compared with those among non-Hispanic White persons. Among Hispanic persons, significant differences were found in PrEP awareness and referrals by age, gender, race, population group, geographic region, and test setting. HIV testing programs can expand PrEP services for Hispanic persons by implementing culturally and linguistically appropriate strategies that routinize PrEP education and referral, collaborating with health care and other providers, and addressing social and structural barriers.
1356P Cumulative incidence and baseline imaging patterns of brain metastases in advanced EGFR and ALK positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: M.T. Chowdhury, M. García Pardo de Santayana, S. Schmid, S. Cheng, L.J. Zhan, M.C. Brown, K. Khan, P. Walia, A. Sabouhanian, E. Strom, J. Herman, N. Leighl, P. Bradbury, F.A. Shepherd, A. Sacher, W. Xu, G. Liu, D. Shultz
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
159P SiMosein, a real-life prospective evaluation of EndoPredict use in early ER-positive, HER2-negative breast cancers
Authors: J. Lehmann-Che, J. Wong, L. Lacroix, M. Lacroix-Triki, L. Arnould, P.J. Lamy, V. Quillien, F. Godey, I. Soubeyran, G. MacGrogan, J. Haudebourg, M. Dupé, M-F. Heymann, D. Raoux, S. Manz, A. Tallet, N. Padilla, L. Dainese, L. Karayan-Tapon, F. Penault-Llorca
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
92P First-results of the CLIMB360 study, a prospective molecular screening program across multiple cancer types based on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA)
Authors: J. Garcia-Corbacho, I. Victoria Ruiz, L. Angelats, A. Indacochea, J. Martínez-Vidal, P. Sole Bentz, D. Moreno, I. Faull, M.L. Campillo, S. Muñoz, T. Saurí, N. Reguart Aransay, N. Viñolas, F.M. Esposito, L. Mezquita, N. Basté, H. Oliveres, S. Castillo, M. Nogué, A. Prat
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
1735P Circulating T-cell immunosenescence in patients with thymic epithelial tumors (TETs)
Authors: J.C. Benitez, M. Naigeon, O. Lambotte, V.T. De Montpreville, S. Mussot, O. Mercier, E. Fadel, J-Y. Scoazec, D. Planchard, P. Lavaud, P. Abdayem, C. Naltet, F. Barlesi, J-C. Soria, V. Saada, N. Chaput, B. Besse
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Predictors of poor prognosis in healthy, young, individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infections
Authors: Carolina Espejo-Paeres, Ramón Arroyo Espliguero, Aitor Uribarri, Berta Antón-Huguet, Rodolfo Romero, Inmaculada Fernández-Rozas, Víctor Manuel Becerra-Muñoz, Emilio Alfonso-Rodríguez, Jia Huang, María Elizabeth Ortega-Armas, Martino Pepe, Adelina González, Marzia Bertolazzi, Enrico Cerrato, Antonio Quezada, Sergio Raposeiras-Roubin, Oscar Vedia, Gisela Feltes-Guzmán, Ibrahim Akin, Ana Carrero-Fernández, Carlos Macaya, Vicente Estrada, Iván J. Núñez-Gil
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2021)
1254P Efficacy and safety of tepotinib in patients (pts) with advanced age: VISION subgroup analysis of pts with MET exon 14 (METex14) skipping NSCLC
Authors: M.C.C. Garassino, E. Felip, H. Sakai, X. Le, R. Veillon, E.F.F. Smit, J. Mazieres, A.B. Cortot, J. Raskin, M. Thomas, S. Viteri, W.T. Iams, H.R. Kim, J. Yang, K. Berghoff, R. Bruns, G. Otto, P.K. Paik
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
710P Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) of small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder (NEBC)
Authors: A. Necchi, P. Grivas, G. Bratslavsky, P.E. Spiess, S. Millis, J. Hoffman-Censits, S. Gupta, B. Decker, N.A. Danziger, J.S. Ross
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
1501O Long-term estimates of cancer incidence and mortality for the EU and EFTA countries according to different demographic scenarios
Authors: T.A. Dyba, G. Randi, C. Martos, F. Giusti, R. Calvalho, L. Neamtiu, N. Nicholson, M. Flego, N. Dimitrova, M. Bettio
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Abstract 1727: Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) Induces an Anti-inflammatory Phenotype in Macrophages
Authors: Daniel Baitsch, Ralph Telgmann, Georg Varga, Carsten Muller-Tidow, Martine Bot, Jerzy Roch Nofer
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Apolipoprotein E (apoE) exerts anti-atherogenic effects by promoting cholesterol efflux and hepatic lipoprotein clearance. However, apoE retains protective effects even under experimental settings, in which its influence on plasma cholesterol is negligible suggesting that this lipoprotein inhibits atherosclerosis independently from cholesterol transport. To gain further insight into mechanisms underlying apoE-mediated atheroprotection, we investigated its effect on the functional phenotype of RAW 264.7 macrophages overexpressing either of two apoE receptors: ApoER2/LRP8 or VLDL-R. Incubation of ApoER2/LRP8- or VLDL-R-expressing macrophages with apoE downregulated markers of pro-inflammatory M1 functional phenotype (expression and activity of iNOS, production of IL-12), whereas markers of anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype (expression and activity of arginase-I, production of IL-1RA) were upregulated. In addition, macrophage responses typical for M1 phenotype (migration, generation of reactive oxygen species, antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity) were suppressed in ApoER2/LRP8- or VLDL-R-expressing cells in the presence of apoE. Finally, apoE prevented LPS- and IFN-γ-induced activation of ApoER2/LRP8- or VLDL-R-expressing macrophages as documented by reduced production of IL-12, TNF-α and MCP-1, reduced expression and activity of iNOS and COX2, and reduced activation and/or phosphorylation of NF-κB, IκB and STAT1. The modulatory effects of apoE on macrophage phenotype were inhibited by SB220025, a p38MAP kinase inhibitor, and PP1A, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Accordingly, apoE induced tyrosine kinase-dependent activation of p38MAP kinase in ApoER2/LRP8- or VLDL-R-expressing macrophages. Under in vivo conditions, apoE −/− mice transplanted with apoE-producing wild-type bone marrow presented with increased plasma IL-1RA levels. In addition, peritoneal macrophages from transplanted animals demonstrated enhanced M2 phenotype (increased IL-1RA production and CD206 expression). We conclude that apoE signalling over ApoER2/LRP8 or VLDL-R promotes macrophage conversion from pro-inflammatory M1 to anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. This effect may represent a novel anti-atherogenic activity of apoE.
Protection against corneal hyperosmolarity with soft-contact-lens wear
Authors: Young Hyun Kim, Thien Nguyen, Meng C. Lin, Cheng-Chun Peng, Clayton J. Radke
Journal: Progress in Retinal and Eye Research (2021)

Hyperosmotic tear stimulates human corneal nerve endings, activates ocular immune response, and elicits dry-eye symptoms. A soft contact lens (SCL) covers the cornea preventing it from experiencing direct tear evaporation and the resulting blink-periodic salinity increases. For the cornea to experience hyperosmolarity due to tear evaporation, salt must transport across the SCL to the post-lens tear film (PoLTF) bathing the cornea. Consequently, limited salt transport across a SCL potentially protects the ocular surface from hyperosmotic tear. In addition, despite lens-wear discomfort sharing common sensations to dry eye, no correlation is available between measured tear hyperosmolarity and SCL-wear discomfort. Lack of documentation is likely because clinical measurements of tear osmolarity during lens wear do not interrogate the tear osmolarity of the PoLTF that actually overlays the cornea. Rather, tear osmolarity is clinically measured in the tear meniscus. For the first time, we mathematically quantify tear osmolarity in the PoLTF and show that it differs significantly from the clinically measured tear-meniscus osmolarity. We show further that aqueous-deficient dry eye and evaporative dry eye both exacerbate the hyperosmolarity of the PoLTF. Nevertheless, depending on lens salt-transport properties (i.e., diffusivity, partition coefficient, and thickness), a SCL can indeed protect against corneal hyperosmolarity by reducing PoLTF salinity to below that of the ocular surface during no-lens wear. Importantly, PoLTF osmolarity for dry-eye patients can be reduced to that of normal eyes with no-lens wear provided that the lens exhibits a low lens-salt diffusivity. Infrequent blinking increases PoLTF osmolarity consistent with lens-wear discomfort. Judicious design of SCL material salt-transport properties can ameliorate corneal hyperosmolarity. Our results confirm the importance of PoLTF osmolarity during SCL wear and indicate a possible relation between PoLTF osmolarity and contact-lens discomfort.
1631P Evaluation of the socio-sanitary and emotional impact caused by SARS-CoV-2 in a Spanish cohort of cancer patients after the second pandemic wave
Authors: D. Herrero Rivera, S. López Martín, D. Manzano Moro, B. Esteban Herrera, L. García Sánchez, A.B. Fiorini Talavera, V. de la Cruz Palomero, J.M. Gassent Blesa, M. Soriano Segura, E. Reche Santos, M. Cornide Santos
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Abstract 16163: Hydrogen Sulfide Reduces Inflammasome Formation in Mice With Ischemic HFrEF
Authors: Adolfo G Mauro, Juan Valle Raleigh, Khoa Nguyen, David E Durrant, Erica Kim, Paul Pottanat, Jun He, Stefano Toldo, Antonio Abbate, Fadi N Salloum
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been shown to attenuate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via suppression of NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Whether the H2S donor, Na2S, protects against ischemic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) when treatment is initiated after development of LV dysfunction is unknown. Methods and Results: Adult male mice underwent myocardial infarction (MI) by permanent coronary artery ligation after baseline echocardiography. Repeat echocardiography was performed at day 3 post MI and surviving mice with fractional shortening (FS) less than 25% were treated with either Na2S (100 μg/kg, ip) or saline (volume matched, ip) for 25 days. LV fractional shortening remained unchanged at 7 and 28 days post-MI in the saline group, but improved significantly with Na2S at both time points (Fig. A). Moreover, LV infarct scar size, assessed by trichrome staining, was smaller in Na2S group (14.8 ± 2.1%) as compared to control (28.8 ± 4.8%, P&lt;0.05) at 7 days post MI. Immunofluorescence staining for apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC), a component of the inflammasome, showed significant increase at 3 days post MI with sustained elevation at 7 days in the saline-treated group, whereas treatment with Na2S starting on day 3 post-MI significantly attenuated ASC 4 days later (Fig. B). Survival rate was 2-fold higher in Na2S group compared to saline control at 28 days post MI (P&lt;0.05, Fig. C). Conclusion: Treatment with Na2S in mice with ischemic HFrEF improves LV function and survival up to 28 days post MI, possibly through suppression of ASC and prevention of further NLRP3 inflammasome formation. We propose that H2S donors can be promising therapeutic tools for ischemic HF.
Half of people who stopped long term antidepressants relapsed within a year, study finds
Authors: Elisabeth Mahase
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Just over half (56%) of people who stopped taking antidepressants after long term use experienced a relapse within a year, compared with 39% of those who continued their medication, a study has found.

The trial followed 478 patients from 150 general practices in England for a year.1 Half stopped taking their medicine through a two month tapering regimen followed by placebo pills, while half continued their medicine.

The study team of researchers from University College London, the Universities of York, Southampton, and Bristol, and McMaster University in Canada said that the findings could help doctors and patients make informed decisions on whether …
1579P The risk of severe/critical COVID-19 infection in patients diagnosed with solid malignancies: Two center experience from Armenia
Authors: N. Karapetyan, S. Danielyan, L. Safaryan, L. Harutyunyan, A. Avagyan, G. Tamamyan, T. Arakelyan, J. Arakelyan, S. Bardakhcyan, M. Harutyunyan, A. Sargsyan, M. Mailyan, M. Sargsyan, M. Rushanyan, G. Mkrtchyan, A. Galoyan, D. Zohrabyan
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
A boldly comparative approach will strengthen co-evolutionary accounts of musicality's origins
Authors: Luke Rendell, Emily L. Doolittle, Ellen C. Garland, Alex South
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2021)

Focus on the evolutionary origins of musicality has been neglected relative to attention on language, so these new proposals are welcome stimulants. We argue for a broad comparative approach to understanding how the elements of musicality evolved, and against the use of overly simplistic evolutionary accounts.
545P First-in-human (FIH) study of E7130 in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors: Primary result of dose-escalation part
Authors: T. Doi, N. Matsubara, Y. Naito, Y. Kuboki, K. Harano, M. Ono, T. Urasaki, A. Ohmoto, T. Hisai, A. Mikubo, H. Ikezawa, S. Shiba, K. Ito, O. Asano, S. Takahashi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Musicality was not selected for, rather humans have a good reason to learn music
Authors: Shir Atzil, Lior Abramson
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2021)

Abstract We propose that not social bonding, but rather a different mechanism underlies the development of musicality: being unable to survive alone. The evolutionary constraint of being dependent on other humans for survival provides the ultimate driving force for acquiring human faculties such as sociality and musicality, through mechanisms of learning and neural plasticity. This evolutionary mechanism maximizes adaptation to a dynamic environment.
Abstract 13018: A Feasibility Study to Assess Delivery of Automated External Defibrillators via Drones in Simulated Cardiac Arrest - Users’ Experiences and the Human-Drone Interaction
Authors: Jessica K Zegre-Hemsey, Mary E Grewe, Anna Johnson, Brittany M Bogle, Evan Arnold, Wayne D Rosamond
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remains a significant health problem in the United States; only 8.6% of victims survive with good neurological function. Automatic external defib...
1672P Single-dose NEPA versus 3-day aprepitant regimen for prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients with risk factors receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC)
Authors: L. Zelek, P. Debourdeau, H. Bourgeois, J.P. Wagner, F. Brocard, C. Lefeuvre-Plesse, B. Chauffert, M. Leheurteur, J-B. Bachet, H. Simon, D. Mayeur, N. Jovenin, F. Scotté
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)