tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Insulin-Producing Cells Differentiated from Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells Neuroprotection Strategy in Diabetic Rats
Authors: K.M. Wartchow, L. Rodrigues, N.G. Selistre, L. Lissner, A. Moreira, P. Sesterheim, None L.J., C.A. Gonçalves
Journal: Metabolism (2021)
Respiratory exacerbations are associated with muscle loss in current and former smokers
Authors: Stefanie Elizabeth Mason, Rafael Moreta-Martinez, Wassim W Labaki, Matthew Strand, David Baraghoshi, Elizabeth A Regan, Jessica Bon, Ruben San Jose Estepar, Richard Casaburi, Merry-Lynn N McDonald, Harry Rossiter, Barry J Make, Mark T Dransfield, MeiLan K Han, Kendra A Young, Greg Kinney, John E Hokanson, Raul San Jose Estepar, George R Washko
Journal: Thorax (2021)

Muscle wasting is a recognised extra-pulmonary complication in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and has been associated with increased risk of death. Acute respiratory exacerbations are associated with reduction of muscle function, but there is a paucity of data on their long-term effect. This study explores the relationship between acute respiratory exacerbations and long-term muscle loss using serial measurements of CT derived pectoralis muscle area (PMA).Participants were included from two prospective, longitudinal, observational, multicentre cohorts of ever-smokers with at least 10 pack-year history.The primary analysis included 1332 (of 2501) participants from Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints (ECLIPSE) and 4384 (of 10 198) participants from Genetic Epidemiology of COPD (COPDGene) who had complete data from their baseline and follow-up visits.PMA was measured on chest CT scans at two timepoints. Self-reported exacerbation data were collected from participants in both studies through the use of periodic longitudinal surveys.Age-related and excess muscle loss over time.Age, sex, race and body mass index were associated with baseline PMA. Participants experienced age-related decline at the upper end of reported normal ranges. In ECLIPSE, the exacerbation rate over time was associated with an excess muscle area loss of 1.3% (95% CI 0.6 to 1.9, p<0.001) over 3 years and in COPDGene with an excess muscle area loss of 2.1% (95% CI 1.2 to 2.8, p<0.001) over 5 years. Excess muscle area decline was absent in 273 individuals who participated in pulmonary rehabilitation.Exacerbations are associated with accelerated skeletal muscle loss. Each annual exacerbation was associated with the equivalent of 6 months of age-expected decline in muscle mass. Ameliorating exacerbation-associated muscle loss represents an important therapeutic target.
Reduced Cleavage of Von Willebrand Factor By ADAMTS13 Exacerbates Acute Kidney Injury Secondary to Traumatic Injury
Authors: William E Plautz, Shannon Haldeman, Mitchell Dyer, Jason Sperry, Francis Guyette, Brian Zuckerbraun, Marian A. Rollins-Raval, Jay Suman Raval, Matthew D Neal
Journal: Blood (2020)
Safe Subcutaneous Immunotherapy Dosing Adjustments Following Prolonged Interruptions In Therapy Due To Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Lois Kang, Maya Goldman, Anny Uyehara, Michael Goldman
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2021)

Subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy is a well-established treatment for allergic respiratory diseases. Once at maintenance doses, injections are typically given every 2 to 4 weeks and doses adjusted due to missed injections. During the Covid-19 pandemic our practice suspended immunotherapy injections from March 17, 2020 through May 5, 2020. Upon resumption, doses were adjusted with an emphasis on trying to keep patients in the same concentration vial as their previous injection. We sought to characterize reactions to restarting injections after prolonged disruption.
Portal Hypertension: Varices and Bleeding
Authors: Laura Zenith, Mark Haykowsky, Ailar Ramadi, Milad Yavari, Neha Meena, Andrea Harvey, Michelle Carbon- Neau, Mang Ma, Puneeta Tandon, Joo Sohn, Tae Kim, Soon Um, Yeon Seo, Soon Baik, Moon Kim, Jae Jang, Soung Jeong, Young Kim, Sang Kim, Dong Kim, Ki Suk, Kyoung Woo, Ki Tae, Suk Woo, Kyoung Jeong, Agustín Albillos, Beatriz Peñas, Juan De La Revilla, Margaret Lario, Cristina Martín, Belén Ruiz-Antorán, Jose Calleja, Belén Ruiz- Antorán, Jose Luis Calleja, Arnulf Ferlitsch, Thomas Reiberger, Mattias Mandorfer, Rafael Paternostro, Birgit Heinisch, Berit Payer, Monika Ferlitsch, Michael Trauner, Markus Peck-Radosavljevic, Irene Conejo, Monica Pons, Salvador Augustin, Antonio González, Rafael Esteban, Joan Genescà, Naoki Morishita, Naoki Hiramatsu, Tsugiko Oze, Naoki Harada, Ryoko Yamada, Masanori Miyazaki, Takayuki Yakushi- Jin, Takuya Miyagi, Yuichi Yoshida, Tomohide Tatsumi, Tatsuya Kanto, Tetsuo Takehara
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

± 0.13 vs. 0.013 ± 0.09 cm, p=0.047) was significantly greater after ET compared to UC.The change in fatigue score was significantly higher (i.e. less fatigue) after ET compared to UC (0.98 ± 1.1 vs. -0.3± 0.7, p=0.032).No significant between group differences were found in the change in MELD or change in ALT.Conclusions: Eight weeks of ET is a safe and effective therapy to improve VO2peak, muscle mass and fatigue in patients with clinically stable Child Pugh class A or B cirrhosis.
Mesenchymal stem cells and oncolytic viruses: joining forces against cancer
Authors: Rafael Moreno
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2021)

The development of oncolytic viruses (OVs) has increased significantly in the past 20 years, with many candidates entering clinical trials and three of them receiving approval for some indications. Recently, OVs have also gathered interest as candidates to use in combination with immunotherapies for cancer due to their immunogenic properties, which include immunogenic cell death and the possibility to carry therapeutic transgenes in their genomes. OVs transform non-immunogenic 'cold' tumors into inflamed immunogenic 'hot' tumors, where immunotherapies show the highest efficacy. However, in monotherapy or in combination with immunotherapy, OVs face numerous challenges that limit their successful application, in particular upon systemic administration, such as liver sequestration, neutralizing interactions in blood, physical barriers to infection, and fast clearance by the immune system. In this regard, the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as cells carrier for OV delivery addresses many of these obstacles acting as virus carriers and factories, expressing additional transgenes, and modulating the immune system. Here, I review the current progress of OVs-loaded MSCs in cancer, focusing on their interaction with the immune system, and discuss new strategies to improve their therapeutic efficacy.
Audio Interview: Does Vaccination Mean the End of Masking and Social Distancing?
Authors: Eric J. Rubin, Lindsey R. Baden, Stephen Morrissey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

Covid-19 and the States — Does Vaccination Mean the End of Masking and Social Distancing? In this audio interview conducted on February 10, 2021, the editors discuss whether Covid-19 vaccination ch...
Elimination of Oral Corticosteroids (OCS) with Benralizumab Treatment in OCS-Dependent Asthmatics Using a Rapid, Personalized Algorithm: The PONENTE Trial
Authors: Andrew Menzies-Gow, Mark Gurnell, Liam Heaney, Jonathan Corren, Elisabeth Bel, Jorge Maspero, Timothy Harrison, David Jackson, David Price, Njira Lugogo, James Kreindler, Annie Burden, Alex de Giorgio Miller, Ubaldo Martin, Kelly Padilla, Esther Garcia Gil
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2021)
Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin as a biomarker in children with allergic rhinitis
Authors: Kyunhoon Kim, Woori Bae, Hye Jin Lee, Eun Ae Yang, Hwan Soo Kim, Yoon Hong Chun, Jong-seo Yoon, Hyun Hee Kim, Jin Tack Kim
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2021)
Newly acquired pseudomonas aeruginosa in Belgian cystic fibrosis patients : does the patients P aeruginosa genotype correlate with environmental genotypes
Authors: Petra Schelstraete, F. De Baets, Filomeen Haerynck, Geert Claeys, Mario Vaneechoutte, S. Van Daele, Kris De Boeck, Jacqueline Leclercq-Foucart, P. Lebecque, Anne Malfroot
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2006)
In CKD, dapagliflozin reduced a composite of eGFR decline, end-stage kidney disease, or CV or renal mortality
Authors: Donald A. Molony, Frederick I. LeMaistre
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2021)

ACP Journal ClubFebruary 2021In CKD, dapagliflozin reduced a composite of eGFR decline, end-stage kidney disease, or CV or renal mortalityDonald A. Molony, MD, Frederick I. LeMaistre, BSADonald A. Molony, MDUniversity of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA (D.A.M., F.I.L.)Search for more papers by this author, Frederick I. LeMaistre, BSAUniversity of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA (D.A.M., F.I.L.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/ACPJ202102160-020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationHeerspink HJ, Stefánsson BV, Correa-Rotter R, et al. Dapagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease. N Engl J Med. 2020;383:1436-46. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32970396Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Nephrology: References1 Perkovic V, Jardine MJ, Neal B, et al. Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy. N Engl J Med. 2019;380:2295-306. [PMID: 30990260] Google Scholar2 Douros A, Lix LM, Fralick M, et al. Sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and the risk for diabetic ketoacidosis: a multicenter cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2020;173:417-25. [PMID: 32716707] Google Scholar3 Lazarus B, Wu A, Shin JI, et al. Association of metformin use with risk of lactic acidosis across the range of kidney function: a community-based cohort study. JAMA Intern Med. 2018;178:903-10. [PMID: 29868840] Google Scholar4 Salpeter SR, Greyber E, Pasternak GA, et al. Risk of fatal and nonfatal lactic acidosis with metformin use in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(1):CD002967. [PMID: 20091535] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA (D.A.M., F.I.L.)Disclosures: The commentators have disclosed no conflicts of interest. The forms can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M20-7313.This article was published at Annals.org on 2 February 2021. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byEmpagliflozin reduces kidney fibrosis and improves kidney function by alternative macrophage activation in rats with 5/6-nephrectomy February 2021Volume 174, Issue 2Page: JC20KeywordsAngiotensin converting enzyme inhibitorChronic kidney diseaseEnzyme replacement therapyEstimated glomerular filtration rateMortalityProteinuriaRenal failureType 1 diabetesType 2 diabetesVasculitis ePublished: 2 February 2021 Issue Published: February 2021 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2021 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Continuing to Broaden Eligibility Criteria to Make Clinical Trials More Representative and Inclusive: ASCO–Friends of Cancer Research Joint Research Statement
Authors: Edward S. Kim, Thomas S. Uldrick, Caroline Schenkel, Suanna S. Bruinooge, R. Donald Harvey, Allison Magnuson, Alexander Spira, James L. Wade, Mark D. Stewart, Diana Merino Vega, Julia A. Beaver, Andrea M. Denicoff, Gwynn Ison, S. Percy Ivy, Suzanne George, Raymond P. Perez, Patricia A. Spears, William D. Tap, Richard L. Schilsky
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

Restrictive clinical trial eligibility criteria (EC) limit the number of patients who can enroll and potentially benefit from protocol-driven, investigational treatment plans and reduce the generalizability of trial results to the broader population. Following publication of expert stakeholder recommendations for broadening EC in 2017, the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and Friends of Cancer Research (Friends) convened working groups to produce additional recommendations and analyze the potential impact on clinical trials using real-world data.Multistakeholder working groups were appointed by an ASCO-Friends leadership group to propose recommendations for more inclusive EC related to: washout periods, concomitant medications, prior therapies, laboratory reference ranges and test intervals, and performance status.The four working groups, ASCO Board of Directors, and Friends leadership support the recommendations included in this statement to modernize EC related to washout periods, concomitant medications, prior therapies, laboratory references ranges and test intervals, and performance status to make trial populations more inclusive and representative of cancer patient populations.Implementation of the recommendations is intended to result in greater ease of determining patient eligibility. Increased opportunities for patient participation in research will help address longstanding underrepresentation of certain groups in clinical trials and produce evidence that is more informative for a broader patient population. More patients eligible will also likely speed clinical trial accrual.See related commentary by Giantonio, p. 2369.
The Impact of Direct‐Acting Antiviral Therapy on End‐Stage Liver Disease Among Individuals with Chronic Hepatitis C and Substance Use Disorders
Authors: Haesuk Park, Xinyi Jiang, Hyun Jin Song, Vincent Lo Re, Lindsey M. Childs‐Kean, Wei‐Hsuan Lo‐Ciganic, Robert L. Cook, David R. Nelson
Journal: Hepatology (2021)

Background and Aims Our aim was to evaluate the impact of direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs) on decompensated cirrhosis (DCC) and HCC in patients with chronic HCV and substance use disorder (SUD) compared with those without an SUD. Approach and Results This retrospective cohort study used the MarketScan database (2013‐2018) to identify 29,228 patients with chronic HCV, where 22% (n = 6,385) had ≥1 SUD diagnosis. The inverse probability of treatment weighted multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to compare the risk of developing DCC and HCC. Among the those who were noncirrhotic, treatment reduced the DCC risk among SUD (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.13; 95% CI, 0.06‐0.30) and non‐SUD (aHR 0.11; 95% CI, 0.07‐0.18), whereas the risk for HCC was not reduced for the SUD group (aHR 0.91; 95% CI, 0.33‐2.48). For those with cirrhosis, compared with patients who were untreated, treatment reduced the HCC risk among SUD (aHR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.13‐0.88) and non‐SUD (aHR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.25‐0.65), whereas the risk for DCC was not reduced for the SUD group (aHR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.37‐1.13). Among patients with cirrhosis who were untreated, the SUD group had a higher risk of DCC (aHR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.03‐2.24) and HCC (aHR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.05‐2.72) compared with non‐SUD group. Conclusions Among the HCV SUD group, DAA treatment reduced the risk of DCC but not HCC for those who were noncirrhotic, whereas DAA treatment reduced the risk of HCC but not DCC for those with cirrhosis. Among the nontreated, patients with an SUD had a significantly higher risk of DCC and HCC compared with those without an SUD. Thus, DAA treatment should be considered for all patients with HCV and an SUD while also addressing the SUD.
Treatment with Tezepelumab Reduces Serum Interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-13 in Patients with Severe, Uncontrolled Asthma to Levels Approaching those Observed in Healthy Individuals
Authors: Tuyet-Hang Pham, Janet Griffiths, Gene Colice, Jane Parnes, Claudia Chen, Bill Cook
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2021)
Determinants of lung disease progression measured by lung clearance index in children with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Sanja Stanojevic, Stephanie D. Davis, Lucy Perrem, Michelle Shaw, George Retsch-Bogart, Miriam Davis, Renee Jensen, Charles C. Clem, Sarah M. Isaac, Julia Guido, Sylvia Jara, Lisa France, Nancy McDonald, Melinda Solomon, Neil Sweezey, Hartmut Grasemann, Valerie Waters, D.B. Sanders, Felix A. Ratjen
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2021)

The lung clearance index (LCI) measured by the multiple breath washout (MBW) test is sensitive to early lung disease in children with cystic fibrosis. While LCI worsens during the preschool years in cystic fibrosis, there is limited evidence to clarify whether this continues during the early school age years, and whether the trajectory of disease progression as measured by LCI is modifiable.A cohort of children (healthy and cystic fibrosis) previously studied for 12 months as preschoolers were followed during school age (5-10 years). LCI was measured every 3 months for a period of 24 months using the Exhalyzer D MBW nitrogen washout device. Linear mixed effects regression was used to model changes in LCI over time.A total of 582 MBW measurements in 48 healthy subjects and 845 measurements in 64 cystic fibrosis subjects were available. The majority of children with cystic fibrosis had elevated LCI at the first preschool and first school age visits (57.8% (37 out of 64)), whereas all but six had normal forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) values at the first school age visit. During school age years, the course of disease was stable (-0.02 units·year-1 (95% CI -0.14-0.10). LCI measured during preschool years, as well as the rate of LCI change during this time period, were important determinants of LCI and FEV1, at school age.Preschool LCI was a major determinant of school age LCI; these findings further support that the preschool years are critical for early intervention strategies.
Germline genetic contribution to the immune landscape of cancer
Authors: Rosalyn W. Sayaman, Mohamad Saad, Vésteinn Thorsson, Donglei Hu, Wouter Hendrickx, Jessica Roelands, Eduard Porta-Pardo, Younes Mokrab, Farshad Farshidfar, Tomas Kirchhoff, Randy F. Sweis, Oliver F. Bathe, Carolina Heimann, Michael J. Campbell, Cynthia Stretch, Scott Huntsman, Rebecca E. Graff, Najeeb Syed, Laszlo Radvanyi, Simon Shelley, Denise Wolf, Francesco M. Marincola, Michele Ceccarelli, Jérôme Galon, Elad Ziv, Davide Bedognetti
Journal: Immunity (2021)
To What Extent Are Calls for Greater Minority Representation in COVID Vaccine Research Ethically Justified?
Authors: Angela Ballantyne, Agomoni Ganguli-Mitra
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2021)

In this commentary, we take up Yearby’s (2021) call for racism-sensitive research and apply this to the discourse regarding race and diversity in COVID vaccine research. We consider whether efforts...
A commentary on “The optimal dosage, route and timing of glucocorticoids administration for improving knee function, pain and inflammation in primary total knee arthroplasty: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of 34 randomized trials” [Int. J. Surg. 82 (2020 Oct) 182–191]
Authors: Shijie Lin, Baojin Wu, Yufei Li
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2021)
The Added Value of Baseline Circulating Tumor DNA Profiling in Patients with Molecularly Hyperselected, Left-sided Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Paolo Manca, Salvatore Corallo, Adele Busico, Sara Lonardi, Francesca Corti, Carlotta Antoniotti, Letizia Procaccio, Matteo Clavarezza, Valeria Smiroldo, Gianluca Tomasello, Roberto Murialdo, Andrea Sartore-Bianchi, Patrizia Racca, Filippo Pagani, Giovanni Randon, Antonia Martinetti, Elisa Sottotetti, Federica Palermo, Federica Perrone, Elena Tamborini, Michele Prisciandaro, Alessandra Raimondi, Maria Di Bartolomeo, Federica Morano, Filippo Pietrantonio
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

The routine use of liquid biopsy is not recommended for the choice of initial treatment for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).We included patients with left-sided, RAS/BRAF wild-type, HER2-negative, and microsatellite stable mCRC, treated with upfront panitumumab/FOLFOX-4 in the Valentino study. We performed amplicon-based genomic profiling of 14 genes in baseline plasma samples and compared these data with tumor tissue ultra-deep sequencing results. Specific gene mutations in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and their clonality were associated with progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and radiological dynamics.Ten and 15 of 120 patients had a mutation of RAS and PIK3CA in ctDNA, with a positive concordance with tissue deep sequencing of only 31.3% and 47.1%, respectively. Presence of RAS or PIK3CA mutations in baseline ctDNA was associated with worse median PFS [8 vs. 12.8 months; HR, 2.49; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.28-4.81; P = 0.007 and 8.5 vs. 12.9 months; HR, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.63-5.04; P < 0.001] and median OS (17.1 vs. 36.5 months; HR, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.03-4.96; P = 0.042 and 21.1 vs. 38.9 months; HR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.16-4.07; P = 0.015). RAS mutations in ctDNA were associated with worse RECIST response, early tumor shrinkage, and depth of response, while PIK3CA mutations were not. Patients with higher levels of RAS/PIK3CA variant allele fraction (VAF) in ctDNA had the worst outcomes (VAF ≥ 5% vs. all wild-type: median PFS, 7.7 vs. 13.1 months; HR, 4.02; 95% CI, 2.03-7.95; P < 0.001 and median OS, 18.8 vs. 38.9 months; HR, 4.07; 95% CI, 2.04-8.12; P < 0.001).Baseline ctDNA profiling may add value to tumor tissue testing to refine the molecular hyperselection of patients with mCRC for upfront anti-EGFR-based strategies.
Algorithm for Recanalization of Chronic Totally Occluded (CTO) Native Coronary Arteries Through a Diseased or Occluded Saphenous Vein Graft in Post Bypass Patients.
Authors: Jo Dens
Journal: Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions (2021)

Chronic total occlusion (CTO) desobstruction of a native coronary artery in a post coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patient can be a challenging procedure. In principle, the 3 basic approaches of recanalization of occluded native coronary arteries can be used: antegrade wire escalation (AWE), antegrade dissection re-entry (ADR) and a retrograde technique. On the other hand, a previous implanted saphenous vein graft (SVG) – even when occluded – can be used as a conduit for retrograde access. Moreover, access through a graft might be less complex compared to the use of septal or epicardial collaterals. If the graft is still open or has a tapered stump, this should be considered as a suitable conduit. Literature on recanalization of occluded native coronary arteries trough a diseased or occluded SVG is limited. A flowchart with an algorithm in post CABG patients is proposed and illustrated by 3 clinical cases.