tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Current Comment
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
RECENT STUDIES IN PERNICIOUS ANEMIA
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A survey study of prevention and treatment patterns by academic and community oncologists for cancer therapy-associated diarrhea.
Authors: Omkar Subhash Marathe, Lina Tang, Robert C Tyler, Mark L Webb, Liping Chen, Chengguang Wu, Wenxi Li, Juegang Ju, Jie Luo, Hong Tang, Nicholas J. Vogelzang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

76 Background: Chemotherapy and targeted therapies are associated with GI toxicities including diarrhea that affects 50% to 80% of patients. Severe complications include dehydration, malnutrition, fatigue, renal insufficiency, and systemic infection. There are no specific prevention strategies, and treatment options are limited. Dose reduction or interruption of anti-cancer medications may lead to decreased efficacy. This survey was conducted to assess current toxicity management patterns and gaps for cancer therapy-associated diarrhea. Methods: An online survey (MedSurvey) with 6 eligibility &amp; 15 practice questions was conducted (April 27 to 30, 2021). Fifty (50) practicing oncologists completed the survey. Results: Among the 50 oncologists,82% have been practicing ≥ 11 years with 24% from an academic setting and 76% from a community setting. They (percent of respondents) prescribed the following anti-cancer medications more than 10 times per week: cytotoxic chemotherapy (86%), targeted agents (78%), and immuno-oncology therapies (80%). Prevention of chemotherapy-induced diarrhea (CID) with Imodium (loperamide) and Lomotil (diphenoxylate and atropine) were commonly administered (10% always, 60% sometimes) as prophylactic treatment prior to the start of chemotherapy. The majority (60%) would prophylactically use a novel agent for a patient with previous CID, and 38% would use this agent for selected anti-cancer therapies. Many oncologists (5% always, 60% sometimes) start chemotherapy at a lower dose and titrate up to prevent CID. Similar treatment patterns were observed for targeted therapy induced diarrhea (TTID). For Grade 1 CID (multiple choices allowed), 18% used observation only for management, whereas 72% prescribed Imodium, and 22% used Lomotil. For Grade 1 TTID (multiple choices allowed), 26% used observation only, 58% prescribed Imodium, and 26% used Lomotil. Dose reduction was implemented 10% and 6% of the time for CID and TTID, respectively. For Grade 2 CID (multiple choices allowed) 4% used observation only, most started either Imodium (82%) or Lomotil (72%), and 34% considered dose reduction as a treatment strategy. For Imodium or Lomotil non-responders, 50% would dose reduce, and 44% would use an alternate anti-diarrheal treatment (e.g., octreotide). TTID had similar treatment patterns. For immune-oncology agents (e.g., ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab) 40% suggested induced GI toxicities (e.g., diarrhea/colitis) require an innovation for managing toxicity. Conclusions: Treating cancer therapy-associated diarrhea continues to be a significant challenge with Grade 2/3 often requiring a therapeutic dose reduction or interruption that may impact the efficacy of cancer treatment. Effective management (prevention and treatment) for GI toxicity remains an unmet need for many patients.
Effects of combined endothelin A receptor blockade plus ACE-inhibition in rats with chronic heart failure Daniela Fraccarollo, Johann Bauersachs, Paolo Galuppo, Markus Kellner, Georg Ertl. Universitaetsklinik Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany, Universitaetsklinik Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Abstract P299: Resistance Exercise and Obesity Prevention
Authors: Duck-chul Lee, Carl Lavie, Xuemei Sui, Steven Blair
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Obesity is a significant cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor. There is still little evidence, however, on the effects of resistance exercise (RE), independent of and combined with aerobic exercise (AE), on the development of obesity. Hypothesis: We hypothesised that RE, independent of AE, has significant benefits in obesity prevention. Methods: Participants were 12,583 men and women aged 18 to 89 years (mean age, 47) who received a preventive medical examination during 1987-2005 in the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. Participants were free of CVD, cancer, and obesity at baseline. RE, AE, and meeting the 2008 US Physical Activity Guidelines (RE ≥2 days/week and AE ≥500 MET-minutes/week) were determined by self-reported leisure-time exercise. Obesity was defined as body mass index of ≥30 mg/kg 2 using measured weight and height. Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incident obesity by RE levels after adjusting for baseline age, sex, examination year, current smoking, heavy alcohol drinking, and meeting the AE guidelines. Results: During an average follow-up of 5.6 years, 919 (7.3%) developed obesity. Individuals meeting the RE guidelines (26%) had a 20% lower risk of developing obesity (HR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.68 to 0.94) after adjusting for potential confounders and meeting the AE guidelines. The HRs (95% CIs) of incident obesity were 0.80 (0.60-1.05), 0.68 (0.52-0.88), 0.92 (0.68-1.26), and 0.84 (0.62-1.13) in weekly RE time of 1-59, 60-119, 120-179, and ≥180 minutes/week, respectively, compared with no RE. We found similar results in both men and women. In the combined analysis of RE and AE, HRs (95% CIs) of incident obesity were 0.65 (0.46-0.92) in meeting RE guidelines only, 0.72 (0.62-0.83) in meeting AE guidelines only, and 0.61 (0.51-0.73) in meeting both RE and AE guidelines, compared to meeting none of the guidelines. Conclusions: We found that RE, independent of and combined with AE, is associated with significantly lower risk of developing obesity, suggesting that RE should be added to habitual physical activity.
FGF1 and insulin control lipolysis by convergent pathways
Authors: Gencer Sancar, Sihao Liu, Emanuel Gasser, Jacqueline G. Alvarez, Christopher Moutos, Kyeongkyu Kim, Tim van Zutphen, Yuhao Wang, Timothy F. Huddy, Brittany Ross, Yang Dai, David Zepeda, Brett Collins, Emma Tilley, Matthew J. Kolar, Ruth T. Yu, Annette R. Atkins, Theo H. van Dijk, Alan Saghatelian, Johan W. Jonker, Michael Downes, Ronald M. Evans
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2022)
Stents and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockade have no salutory effect on 30-day outcome following percutaneous interventions of coronary bypass grafts Marco Roffi, Deepak L. Bhatt, Debabrata Mukherjee, Derek P. Chew, Khaled M. Ziada, Danielle M. Prosper, Stephen G. Ellis, Eric J. Topol. Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Are you ready for the next influenza pandemic?
Authors: None The Lancet Infectious Diseases
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2005)

Avian influenza continues to take its toll in southeast Asia. A rise in the number of human cases (as of March 10, 60 cases, 42 deaths), the possibility of further unreported cases, and suggestions of person-to-person transmission, have put the international health community on high alert that a new human influenza pandemic may be just around the corner.
Bicycling.
Authors: A. C. Simonton
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Seattle, Wash., Nov. 5, 1898. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In theJournalof October 29, you have something to say about the ill effects of bicycle riding, and among other things is mentioned the long-since prophesied ill effects on the female pelvis, by way of distorting or contracting the same, and rendering childbirth more difficult. A little further on you say: "We are not aware that the obstettricians are having any greater difficulty in delivery than formerly." And why should they? The gentleman who had prophesied that the bicycle would have a serious effect on childbirth had a mistaken idea of the entire proposition. While bicycle riding may deform the pelvis, it will have little or no effect as regards the ease of childbirth. And why? For the simple reason that "bike" riders do not have babies. Where or who is the physician that has attended a "bike" rider in confinement?
CA209-8YD: A phase I/II trial of rucaparib in combination with ramucirumab with or without nivolumab in previously treated advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) (RiME).
Authors: Anwaar Saeed, Robin Park, Raed Moh'd Taiseer Al-Rajabi, Anup Kasi, Azhar Saeed, Elizabeth Ng, Kayra Thompson, Stephanie Moya, Lori Barbosa, Milind Phadnis, Stephen K. Williamson, Joaquina Celebre Baranda, Weijing Sun, Daniel V.T. Catenacci
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

TPS377 Background: GEA is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide and in the US. In chemo refractory GEA, therapeutic options are limited with modest efficacy. About 35% of GC have DNA damage response (DDR) gene alterations and PARP inhibitors have shown to induce synthetic lethality and reduce tumor burden in in vitro and in vivo models of GEA. DDR deficient tumors have increased tumor mutational load, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, and increased chemokines and PD-L1 expression in the tumor microenvironment. PARP inhibitors like rucaparib enhance antigen presentation, induce pro-inflammatory cytokines, influence PD-1/PD-L1 expression, and modulate T- and B- cell activity. Furthermore, results from multiple GEA early phase trials have supported the immune modulatory impact of VEGF targeted agents like ramucirumab. We hypothesize that modulation of the tumor microenvironment via PARP and VEGF inhibition will enhance anti-tumor immunity and lead to clinical synergy when combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors like nivolumab in this population. Methods: A safety lead in phase of 6-9 patients will be followed by an open label, two parallel cohorts phase II study. A total of 52 patients (26 in each cohort) will be enrolled. A starting rucaparib dose of 600 mg BID in combination with the standard doses of ramucirumab and flat doses of nivolumab will be used for the safety lead in. Rucaparib dose will be lowered for phase II if &gt; 1/6 patients experienced DLTs. Participants enrolled to cohort A will receive rucaparib at the recommended phase II dose (RP2D) PO twice daily + ramucirumab 8mg/kg IV q2w + nivolumab 480mg IV q4w (28-day cycles). Participants in cohort B will receive rucaparib at RP2D PO twice daily + ramucirumab 8mg/kg IV q2w (28-day cycles). Assessment of tumor response using modified RECIST v1.1 will be done every 2 cycles. 50% of Pts who will be enrolled in each of the 2 cohorts must have a deleterious tumor gene alteration in at least 1 gene in a screening 17-gene homologous recombination deficient (HRD) panel. Eligible Pts received ≥1 line of therapy, ECOG PS 0-1, adequate organ function, no prior PARP inhibitors, and have mismatch repair (MMR) proficient tumors with measurable disease. Primary objectives are to determine the RP2D and overall response rate (ORR) in phase I and II respectively. Secondary objectives include safety, overall benefit rate (OBR), median PFS, OS, and ORR in HRD positive and negative cohorts. Enrollment to the RiME trial is currently ongoing. The study is funded by research grants from Bristol Myers Squibb and Clovis. Clinical trial information: NCT03995017.
SARS‐CoV‐2 has not been detected directly by electron microscopy in the endothelium of chilblain lesions: reply from the authors
Authors: I. Colmenero, C. Santonja, M. Alonso‐Riaño, D. Andina, J.L. Rodríguez Peralto, L. Requena, A. Torrelo
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

Linked Articles: Colmenero et al. Br J Dermatol 2021; 183:729–737. Brealey and Miller. Br J Dermatol 2021; 184:186. Colmenero et al. Br J Dermatol 2021; 183:1170–1171.
TCT-458 Differential Effect of Side Branch Intervention on Long-term Clinical Outcomes According to Side Branch Stenosis after Main Vessel Stenting: Results from the COBIS (Coronary Bifurcation Stenting) II Registry
Authors: Joo-Yong Hahn, Young Bin Song, Seung-Hyuk Choi, Jin-Ho Choi, Ju Hyeon Oh, Hyeon-Cheol Gwon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Multicenter, randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy plus megestrol acetate/placebo in local-advanced esophageal cancer.
Authors: Ruinuo Jia, Wanying Li, Mian Li, Ruonan Li, Dejiu Kong, Shuoguo Li, Tanyou Shan, Shegan Gao
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

275 Background: To determine Quality-of-Life (QoL) improvement by Megestrol Acetate (MA) in local advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) with definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (DCRT). Secondary aims were to examine the safety and the impact of MA on the efficacy of DCRT. Methods: Patients (with previously untreated T1bN+M0 or T2-4aN0-2M0 ESCC) were randomly assigned at a one-to-one ratio to receive MA or placebo (blind). All received 5-FU based chemotherapy with concurrent radiotherapy (50Gy/25F). QoL was measured using the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) questionnaires at pretreatment and 3, 6, 16 weeks of DCRT. The good status (GS) rate of appetite loss (AL), nausea and vomiting (NV), weight (WT) and performance status (PS) were chosen as predefined primary end points. GS defined as the score were ≤ 0 for AL or NV and ≥ 0 for WE or PS when the designed time points compared with last one. Secondary end points were the comprehensive QoL (remaining items of QLQ-C30 changes analysis at 16 th week), myelosuppression (MS), and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The exploratory end points were the objective response rate (ORR), 1-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results: 84 completed the follow-up and were analyzed from which 120 patients randomly assigned. The GS rates of AL (3 th week: P = 0.011; 6 th week: P &lt; 0.001; 16 th week: P = 0.001), NV (6 th week: P = 0.001) and PS (6 th week: P = 0.01) were higher in MA than Placebo. There were no statistical differences between MA and Placebo on WT. At 16 th week, the change degree analysis shown the fatigue was worse in MA than Placebo ( p = 0.031). There were no differences on MS, DVT, ORR, OS and PFS between two arms. Nevertheless the rate of DVT was slightly higher in MA than Placebo (12.5% vs. 2.8%, P = 0.113). Conclusions: MA is helpful for ESCC patients receiving DCRT as well as the risk of DVT needed be careful.
Worksite anti-alcoholism saves jobs, money
Authors: M. Korcok
Journal: JAMA (1983)

In little more than a decade, alcoholism has been transformed in people's minds from a moral failing, not to be discussed in polite society, to a Middle American disease. Over the same period, its therapy has improved enormously, and alcoholics have become far more candid about their problem. Consequently, they have become more successful in linking up with treatment methods and facilities that yield a better-than-even chance of return to productive life. Just how far this candor has gone was apparent at a recent conference on alcoholism in the workplace that featured a former President of the United States. Gerald Ford not only pledged to use his influence in American corporate boardrooms to advocate better responses to a disease that saps industry of so much strength, but also discussed the impact of alcoholism on his own family. (Former First Lady Betty Ford's battle with the illness was disclosed in 1978
SOLAR ECLIPSE, 1963
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Adverse Reactions Associated With Midline Catheters—United States, 1992-1995
Journal: JAMA (1996)

The midline catheter is a peripherally inserted 6-8-inch catheter that may be used in patients requiring intermediate duration (i.e., several weeks) of physiologically compatible intravenous (IV) therapy. Unlike conventional short peripheral IV catheters, the midline catheter does not require changes every 48-72 hours. Midline catheters can be inserted at the bedside by a trained health-care worker, in contrast to subclavian, jugular, or femoral central venous catheters, which require insertion by a physician (often in an operating or procedure room) and usually are associated with more serious complications. Since 1990 (1), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has received reports of acute hypersensitivity-like reactions temporally associated with insertion of midline catheters made from Aquavene (Landmark, Menlo Care, Menlo Park, California), an elastomeric hydrogel material that becomes hydrated and expands after catheter insertion (FDA, unpublished data, 1995; 1). This report describes four episodes of such reactions during 1992-1995, including one in a patient in a home-health-care setting (patient 1) and three among patients at a large university-affiliated hospital (patients 2-4).
Stenting without rotational atherectomy in lesions with at least moderate calcification by IVUS but insignificant calcification angiographically Yoshio Kobayashi, Issam Moussa, Roxana Mehran, George Dangas, Alexandra J. Lansky, Gishel New, Milena Adamian, Alexandre Abizaid, Gary Roubin, Gregg W. Stone, Martin B. Leon, Jeffrey W. Moses. Lenox Hill Heart and Vascular Institute, New York, NY, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, NH
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Type 2 but not type 1 diabetes is associated with myocardial insulin resistance regardless of the presence of coronary artery disease David P. Dutka, Patricia Iozzo, Michael Pitt, Panithaya Chareonthaitawee, Marco Di Terlizzi, Ele Ferranini, Paolo G. Camici. MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, London, United Kingdom
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Potential Role and Limitations of Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate Slope Assessment in Cardiovascular Trials
Authors: Muhammad Shahzeb Khan, George L. Bakris, Izza Shahid, Matthew R. Weir, Javed Butler
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2022)

<h3>Importance</h3> Cardiovascular trials have traditionally been underpowered to assess advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) outcomes, and when included as a secondary end point, trials have used progression of CKD as incidence of some variation of a composite of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) outcomes. Such outcomes are infrequent or occur late in cardiovascular outcome trials, which highlights the need for alternate markers for assessing the impact of interventions on kidney function at an earlier stage of the disease and, from the prevention perspective, more relevant stage of the disease. <h3>Observations</h3> Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) slope has demonstrated strong association with subsequent progression to ESKD. With adequate sample size, treatment effects in the range of 0.5 to 1.00 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>/y had 96% probability of predicting CKD progression, defined as doubling of serum creatinine, eGFR less than 15 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>, or ESKD. eGFR slope can be used in patients with higher baseline values and may provide CKD progression insights when few hard kidney events are observed, especially in trials with limited follow-up. However, among trials that have determined eGFR slope, significant variations exist regarding inclusion of baseline values, calculation of eGFR values, and the follow-up period, which make it difficult to compare and gauge the incremental benefit of the interventions. There are multiple challenges in computing eGFR slope in cardiovascular trials, such as accounting for initial eGFR dip, nonlinearity, and heteroscedasticity. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> eGFR slope may serve as a valuable marker to determine progression of CKD in cardiovascular trials. Further work is required to standardize data collection, follow-up duration, time points for kidney function assessment, and analytic methods to compute eGFR slope in cardiovascular trials.
British Infection Association guidelines for the diagnosis and management of enteric fever in England
Authors: L.E. Nabarro, N. McCann, M.T. Herdman, C. Dugan, S. Ladhani, D. Patel, S. Morris-Jones, S. Balasegaram, R.S. Heyderman, M. Brown, C.M. Parry, G. Godbole
Journal: Journal of Infection (2022)