tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of integrin function by a cyclic RGD-containing peptide prevents neointima formation.
Authors: HMatsuno, J MStassen, JVermylen, HDeckmyn
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDRGD-containing peptides are able to prevent binding of ligands to certain integrins such as alpha IIb beta 3 (glycoprotein IIb/IIIa) and alpha v beta 3 and as such are inhibitors for platelet aggregation and smooth muscle cell migration, both of which are involved in neointima formation.METHODS AND RESULTSHamster carotid arteries were damaged, and neointima formation was determined at different time points. G4120, a cyclic RGD-containing peptide, was administered continuously intravenously by an implanted osmotic pump. Neointima formation was inhibited dose dependently. The inhibition was strongest when treatment was started before the vascular injury and continued for the full observation period. Treatment started after the damage and maintained until neointima assessment or started before and stopped earlier was less effective.CONCLUSIONSInhibition of integrin function by an RGD-containing peptide results in reduction of the development of a neointima. This effect is due both to an early event...
Inhaled sodium cromoglycate in children with asthma
Authors: M J A Tasche
Journal: Thorax (2002)

IL-5 in asthmaWe have recently published two manuscripts on the effects of interleukin (IL)-5 administration to patients with mild asthma in the American Journal of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine 1 and in Thorax. 2 We are addressing this letter to the Editors of both journals.The data described in both papers have been obtained from one experiment performed in the same group of patients with mild asthma.While the paper in the American Journal of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine reports primarily on the phenotypic changes in circulating blood eosinophils and CD34+ cells, the Thorax paper describes the changes in the airways with measurements of bronchial responsiveness and of eosinophil counts in sputum, together with eotaxin levels in the serum.Both manuscripts, however, detail the changes in blood eosinophil counts and serum
Some immediate hemodynamic consequences of closure of atrial septal defects of the secundum type.
Authors: TSøndergård, P KPaulsen
Journal: Circulation (1984)

The circumclusion method for surgical closure of atrial septal defects (ASDs) of the secundum type makes it possible, during surgery, to close and reopen the defect as desired. In each of 23 patients the following statistically significant pressure and flow changes were found when the ASD was closed: increasing mean pressures in the ascending aorta (from 74 to 87 mm Hg), left atrium (from 10 to 18 mm Hg), and right pulmonary artery (from 20 to 24 mm Hg); increasing mean flows in the ascending aorta (from 84 to 111 ml/min/kg); decreasing mean pressures in the right atrium (from 9.0 to 7.7 mm Hg); and decreasing mean flows in the right pulmonary artery (from 78 to 46 ml/min/kg). Surprisingly, no correlation between shunt size determined before and during surgery was found. However, in the calculation of the intraoperative shunt, several factors might have contributed to an erroneous result. In 17 patients a right heart catheterization was performed in the third to thirteenth postoperative month and the foll...
JE mRNA accumulates rapidly in aortic injury and in platelet-derived growth factor-stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells.
Authors: M BTaubman, B JRollins, MPoon, JMarmur, R SGreen, B CBerk, BNadal-Ginard
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

The  response to vascular injury is characterized by migration of inflammatory cells, including monocytes, and platelets to the damaged vessel wall. These inflammatory cells may serve as a source of growth factors and cytokines that stimulate vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration and proliferation associated with intimal hyperplasia. JE is a platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-inducible early gene that encodes a monocyte chemoattractant and, as such, could play an important role in inflammation. We now report that JE mRNA levels are increased in intact aorta after balloon injury. The time course of this increase, with maximal levels at 4 hours, is similar to that seen in PDGF-treated cultured rat aortic VSMCs. The accumulation of JE mRNA in cultured VSMCs is accompanied by a marked increase in the secretion of JE protein. The elevation of JE mRNA levels in VSMCs shows specificity for PDGF, because angiotensin II, alpha-thrombin, and epidermal growth factor fail to increase JE mRNA levels. ...
Atypical Unilateral Lower-Limb Relapse of Breast Cancer
Authors: Noeuveglise Alexandra, Becker Stephanie, Vera Pierre, Tonnelet David
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

Abstract In July 2017, an 84-year-old woman was treated for grade III, RH+, HER2− infiltrative ductal carcinoma breast cancer by right mastectomy, adjuvant radiotherapy, and hormone therapy. In April 2020, moderated elevation of the CA-15.3 tumor marker was observed at 53 UI/mL (normal, &lt;25.5 UI/mL). Clinical examination and CT TAP scan showed no argument for relapse. In August 2020, patient presented pain in her left foot. 99m Tc-DPD bone scintigraphy showed multiple uptakes regarding osteolytic lesion of the left lower limb with no other pathological uptake. Echo-guided tibial biopsies confirmed breast origin adenocarcinoma, in favor of relapse of the originally treated cancer.
Alterations in myocyte shape and basement membrane attachment with tachycardia-induced heart failure.
Authors: J LZellner, F GSpinale, D MEble, K WHewett, F ACrawford
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Chronic supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) results in left ventricular (LV) dilatation and dysfunction. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for LV failure in this setting are not known. LV force production is dependent on the coupling of myocytes to the extracellular matrix, which is mediated through the basement membrane. This study was designed to determine whether alterations in myocyte geometry and basement membrane attachment are associated with LV failure in a pacing-induced model of cardiomyopathy. Echocardiographic measurement of LV function was performed in six pigs after 3 weeks of pacing-induced SVT (240 beats/min) and in eight sham-operated controls. Myocytes from these hearts were isolated, and attachment studies to specific components of the basement membrane were performed using laminin, fibronectin, and collagen IV. The SVT group when compared with the control group showed a significant reduction of LV fractional shortening (14 +/- 2% versus 31 +/- 2%, respectively; p less than ...
Effects of norepinephrine on the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway in the rat heart.
Authors: H GZimmer, BLankat-Buttgereit, CKolbeck-Rühmkorff, TNagano, WZierhut
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

To examine whether stimulation of alpha-adrenergic receptors may affect the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) in the rat heart, norepinephrine (NE) and the alpha-adrenergic agonist norfenephrine were used. NE was administered as a continuous intravenous infusion in awake rats for 3 days. It stimulated the activity of cardiac glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD), the first and regulating enzyme of the oxidative PPP, in a dose-dependent manner. With the highest dose (0.2 mg.kg-1.hr-1), there was also a time-dependent enhancement. The increase observed after 48 hours was attenuated partially by the beta-receptor blocker metoprolol and the alpha-receptor blocker prazosin. It was entirely abolished when both drugs were administered. Carvedilol, a beta-adrenergic blocker and vasodilator with alpha 1-blocking activity (0.5 mg.kg-1.hr-1), prevented the NE-induced increase in cardiac G-6-PD activity, in functional parameters (heart rate, left ventricular systolic pressure, and left ventricular dP/dtm...
Motor neurone disease
Authors: S. Nageshwaran, L. M. Davies, I. Rafi, A. Radunovi 
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A 59 year old man initially presented with weakness in his right leg and occasional trips. He had a longstanding history of mild low back pain and had a magnetic resonance image performed under the orthopaedic team that showed some cervical spondylolisthesis sparing the spinal cord. Four months after this, he went back to the general practitioner with progressive difficulty buttoning his shirt.

Motor neurone disease is a devastating, incurable neurodegenerative disease of the motor neurones that primarily affects people in their 60s or 70s.1 Of the four subtypes of motor neurone disease, the most common is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.2 The subtypes vary clinically because they predominately affect different areas and have varying rates of progression.

#### How common is it?

Although motor neurone disease is a relatively well known rare disease, most GPs will diagnose only one or two cases in their career. There is a lack of awareness of the symptoms at presentation, when symptoms are often subtle.3 The disease affects …
An Alternative Method to Allow Lumen-Apposing Metal Stent Delivery in Minimal Spaces
Authors: A Sanchez-Yague, A Gonzalez-Canoniga, A Sanchez-Cantos
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Lumen-apposing metal stents delivery requires a minimum of space at the target structure. This means around 14mm for accurate delivery of the 8x8mm stent distal flange. After several cases of distal flange misdeployment we developed a novel delivery method to prevent it. This method works only with 6x8mm and 8x8mm stents. After access of the target structure, we made minimal back and forth catheter movements that end delivering the distal flange at the catheter tip. This is possible because the stent is non-resheathable. We believe this method could be a useful option in certain situations.
Results and efficiency of programmed ventricular stimulation with four extrastimuli compared with one, two, and three extrastimuli.
Authors: J DHummel, S AStrickberger, EDaoud, MNiebauer, OBakr, K CMan, B DWilliamson, FMorady
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDConventional programmed ventricular stimulation protocols are inefficient compared with more recently proposed protocols. The purpose of the present study was to determine if additional efficiency could be derived from a 6-step programmed ventricular stimulation protocol that exclusively uses four extrastimuli.METHODS AND RESULTSThe subjects were 209 consecutive patients with coronary artery disease and documented sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia, nonsustained ventricular tachycardia, aborted sudden death, or syncope. These patients underwent 159 electrophysiological tests in the absence of antiarrhythmic drug therapy and 105 electrophysiological tests in the presence of antiarrhythmic therapy. Programmed stimulation was performed with two protocols in random order in each patient. Both protocols used an eight-beat drive train, 4-s intertrain pause, and basic drive cycle lengths of 350, 400, and 600 ms. The 6-step protocol started with coupling intervals of 290, 280, 270, and 260 ms...
Diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in a community hospital: significance of CPK-MB determination.
Authors: S FRoark, G SWagner, H LIzlar, C RRoe
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Twice-daily CPK-MB determinations were performed but not made availabe to the physicians of 179 consecutive patients with precordial pain admitted to a community hospital to evaluate the diagnostic importance of this isoenzyme. Physician decision was based upon history and once-daily ECG and total enzymes (CPK, SGOT, LDH). Following hospital discharge, each patient's clinical record was reviewed to determine the physician diagnostic decision. The patients were subdivided into three groups. The first group consisted of 46 patients with diagnostic QRS changes and elevated total enzymes. All 46 had physician diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction and CPK-MB was present in 44 (96%). The second group included 55 patients with nondiagnostic QRS but elevated total enzymes. Physician diagnosis was acute myocardial infarction in 28 (51%) but 16 (57%) of these had no CPK-MB. The third group contained 50 patients with nondiagnostic QRS and normal enzyme levels. Six (12%) had physician diagnosis of acute myocardial...
Autologous blood perfusion for myocardial protection during coronary angioplasty: a feasibility study.
Authors: K GLehmann, J EAtwood, E LSnyder, R LEllison
Journal: Circulation (1987)

During coronary angioplasty, inflation of the balloon within the coronary artery produces transient arterial occlusion and frequently results in myocardial ischemia. Delivery of oxygenated autologous blood to the myocardium at risk during inflation may help mitigate this ischemia. Accordingly, we investigated the feasibility and safety of infusing blood through the central lumen of a dilatation catheter around the guidewire using both a model in vitro and clinical trials. In the tests in vitro, fresh blood was infused at flow rates up to 120 ml/min. Hemolysis was minimal at flow rates of 60 ml/min or less (less than or equal to 0.92 +/- 0.18%), but increased exponentially at higher rates (13.64 +/- 2.37% at 120 ml/min, p less than .002). A similar pattern was observed for potassium release. Platelet and leukocyte counts did not vary significantly, and beta-thromboglobulin and muramidase remained at control levels. Although mean erythrocyte volume did not change, erythrocyte histograms and light microscopy...
The effects of ergonovine maleate on coronary arterial size.
Authors: P RCipriano, D FGuthaner, A EOrlick, D RRicci, LWexler, J FSilverman
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Changes in coronary arterial size due to ergonovine maleate are described and quantitated in 90 patients--18 with typical angina pectoris, 56 with atypical chest pain, nine with variant angina pectoris, and seven heart transplant (allograft) recipients. We observed two angiographic changes in the diameter of coronary arteries: 1) spasm, which was characterized by occlusion or marked (greater than 85%) focal or diffuse vessel narrowing, or 2) relatively mild and diffuse vessel narrowing, which was interpreted as the normal pharmacologic response to the drug. Serial bolus injections of 0.05 mg, 0.10 mg and 0.25 mg of ergonovine maleate produced diffuse narrowing of the diameter of coronary arteries of 10 +/- 1.5%, 16 +/- 1.4% and 20 +/- 1.3% (mean +/- SEM), respectively, in the 72 patients with anginal syndromes who did not develop coronary spasm. The degree of coronary arterial narrowing was the same in heart transplant recipients and in patients with normally innervated hearts who did not develop coronary...
Optimizing the diagnosis and management of ductal prostate cancer
Authors: Weranja Ranasinghe, Daniel D. Shapiro, Miao Zhang, Tharakeswara Bathala, Nora Navone, Timothy C. Thompson, Bradley Broom, Ana Aparicio, Shi-Ming Tu, Chad Tang, John W. Davis, Louis Pisters, Brian F. Chapin
Journal: Nature Reviews Urology (2021)
Disease Burden, Risk Factors, and Recent Trends of Liver Cancer: A Global Country-Level Analysis
Authors: Junjie Huang, Veeleah Lok, Chun Ho Ngai, Cedric Chu, Harsh K. Patel, Viveksandeep Thoguluva Chandraseka, Lin Zhang, Ping Chen, Shanjuan Wang, Xiang-Qian Lao, Lap Ah Tse, Wanghong Xu, Zhi-Jie Zheng, Martin C.S. Wong
Journal: Liver Cancer (2021)

This study aimed to evaluate the updated disease burden, risk factors, and temporal trends of liver cancer based on age, sex, and country.We estimated the incidence of liver cancer and its attribution to hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in 2018 based on the Global Cancer Observatory and World Health Organization (WHO) Cancer Causes database. We extracted the prevalence of risk factors from the WHO Global Health Observatory to examine the associations by weighted linear regression. The trend analysis used data from the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents and the WHO mortality database from 48 countries. Temporal patterns of incidence and mortality were calculated using average annual percent change (AAPC) by joinpoint regression analysis.The global incidence of liver cancer was (age-standardized rate [ASR]) 9.3 per 100,000 population in 2018, and there was an evident disparity in the incidence related to HBV (ASR 0.2-41.2) and HCV (ASR 0.4-43.5). A higher HCV/HBV-related incidence ratio was associated with a higher level of alcohol consumption (β 0.49), overweight (β 0.51), obesity (β 0.64), elevated cholesterol (β 0.70), gross domestic product (β 0.20), and Human Development Index (HDI; β 0.45). An increasing trend in incidence was identified in many countries, especially for male individuals, population aged ≥50 years, and countries with a higher HCV/HBV-related liver cancer incidence ratio. Countries with the most drastic increase in male incidence were reported in India (AAPC 7.70), Ireland (AAPC 5.60), Sweden (AAPC 5.72), the UK (AAPC 5.59), and Norway (AAPC 4.87).We observed an overall increasing trend of liver cancer, especially among male subjects, older individuals, and countries with a higher prevalence of HCV-related liver cancer. More efforts are needed in enhancing lifestyle modifications and accessibility of antiviral treatment for these populations. Future studies should investigate the reasons behind these epidemiological changes.
Response to Comment on Shah et al. Cardiovascular Complications and Mortality After Diabetes Diagnosis for South Asian and Chinese Patients: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Diabetes Care 2013;36:2670–2676
Authors: Baiju R. Shah, J. Charles Victor, Maria Chiu, Jack V. Tu, Sonia S. Anand, Peter C. Austin, Douglas G. Manuel, Janet E. Hux
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)

We wish to thank Tillin et al. (1) for their comments on our study (2). We agree that the absence of information on smoking status from population-level health care administrative data limits our ability to adjust for this important cardiovascular risk factor, and that this and other unmeasured risk factors could confound the relationships we found between ethnicity and cardiovascular complications or mortality. However, as noted in the article, we conducted …
Evaluation of left ventricular function in patients with aortic regurgitation using afterload stress.
Authors: J LBolen, E LHolloway, J CZener, D CHarrison, E LAlderman
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Left ventricular function was assessed in 14 patients with chronic aortic regurgitation by afterload elevation with angiotensin. Seven of 14 patients maintained their resting ejection fraction with angiotensin (group A), while the remaining seven experienced a decline of greater than 0.10 in ejection fraction (group B). Six of seven group A patients showed an appropriate rise in left ventricular stroke work index in response to the angiotensin-induced rise in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. In contrast, six of seven group B patients showed abnormal, flat, or declining stroke work indices. Included in the seven group B patients were two patients with left ventricular dysfunction secondary to coronary artery disease. The five other group B patients, who did not have coronary diseases, exhibited similar stress-induced ventricular dysfunction, despite the absence of any significant resting hemodynamic differences from patients in group A. These five stress-induced dysfunction patients were distinctiv...
Vibratory ventilation decreases filtration of fluid in the lungs of newborn lambs.
Authors: J URaj, R BGoldberg, R DBland
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

To compare effects of vibratory and mechanical ventilation on fluid balance in the newborn lung, we measured pulmonary arterial and left atrial pressures, pleural and airway pressures, lung blood flow and lymph flow, and concentrations of protein in lymph and plasma of 19 healthy lambs, 2-4 weeks old, during a 2- to 4-hour period of spontaneous breathing, followed by 4-8 hours of mechanical ventilation at 30 breaths/min and 4-8 hours of vibratory ventilation, in which the lambs received 1650 whiffs of air/min. In 8 of 22 studies, we increased lung microvascular pressure by filling a balloon catheter in the left atrium with saline. There was no significant difference in mean airway pressure during the two types of ventilation. Despite higher lung vascular pressures, lymph flow was less and lymph protein concentration was greater during vibratory than during mechanical ventilation. These findings are consistent with reduced lung fluid filtration, possibly from reduced pulmonary blood flow and increased peri...
Coronary arterial spasm and Prinzmetal's variant form of angina induced by hyperventilation and Tris-buffer infusion.
Authors: HYasue, MNagao, SOmote, ATakizawa, KMiwa, STanaka
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Vigorous hyperventilation was induced for five minutes immediately after a five-minute infusion of 100 ml of Tris-buffer (pH 10) in nine patients with Prinzmetal's variant angina. In eight of the patients, chest pain with ischemic changes in the electrocardiogram occurred during this procedure or within five minutes after it ended. Coronary arterial spasm appeared after the procedure and disappeared after the administration of nitroglycerin in all four patients in whom coronary cinearteriography was performed. This was evident both before and after the procedure and after sublingual administration of nitroglycerin (0.6 mg). The oral administration of 90 mg of diltiazem, a calcium antagonistic drug, two hours before, completely suppressed the attack induced by the procedure in all of the five patients who received this drug. We conclude that hyperventilation plus Tris-buffer infusion induces coronary arterial spasm and anginal attack in patients with Prinzmetal's variant angina and that diltiazem suppresse...
Streptozotocin-induced non-insulin-dependent diabetes protects the heart from infarction.
Authors: YLiu, J DThornton, M VCohen, J MDowney, S WSchaffer
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDThe vulnerability of the myocardium of a diabetic animal to an ischemic insult is controversial. To address this issue, streptozotocin-induced non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDD) was induced in rats, and the effects of regional myocardial ischemia were assessed by measuring infarct size.METHODS AND RESULTSOpen-chest rats with NIDD and age-matched control rats underwent 30 or 45 minutes of regional ischemia and 2-hour reperfusion. Infarct size was measured by tetrazolium. Control rats had 32.0 +/- 3.3% infarction of the risk zone after a 30-minute coronary occlusion, whereas NIDD rats had significantly smaller infarcts (11.5 +/- 3.1% of the risk area, P < .005). When ischemic time was extended to 45 minutes, infarct size in control animals averaged 57.9 +/- 6.2%, whereas only 37.3 +/- 5.6% of ischemic myocardium was infarcted in NIDD rats (P < .05). In a subset NIDD group, rats experienced a period of ischemic preconditioning (three cycles of 5-minute ischemia/5-minute reperfusion) before 45-mi...
Pressure recovery in aortic valve stenosis.
Authors: W KLaskey, W GKussmaul
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDPressure recovery is the variable increase in lateral pressure downstream from a stenotic orifice. The magnitude and clinical significance of pressure recovery in aortic valve stenosis are poorly defined.METHODS AND RESULTSWe obtained high-fidelity pressure and velocity recordings in 11 patients with isolated significant aortic valve stenosis at the time of diagnostic cardiac catheterization. Systematic catheter pullback from the left ventricular cavity revealed a consistent although variable subvalvular gradient. Further pullback across and distal to the region of the stenosed aortic valve revealed a consistent and progressive increase in the ascending aortic pressure. This increase in lateral pressure occurred pari passu with a diminution in amplitude of the velocity pulse. The extent of pressure recovery was directly related to systemic blood flow and transvalvular flow but inversely related to the Gorlin-derived aortic valve area.CONCLUSIONSThese findings have potentially important implicati...