tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Society Proceedings
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The effect of anti-cancer therapy on immunological response to COVID-19 vaccination.
Authors: Francesca Jackson-Spence, Charlotte Toms, Yu-Hsuen Yang, Lani Walshaw, Anna Riddell, Maria-Teresa Cutino-Moguel, Bernadett Szabados, David Propper, Thomas Powles
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

319 Background: The efficacy of SARS-COV-2 vaccination has been demonstrated in healthy individuals. Immune responses are less well characterised in cancer patient groups, especially those receiving anticancer therapy (e.g. immune therapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapies. We aim to assess the immune response to the SARS-COV-2 vaccination in patients with solid organ cancer on different systemic anti-cancer therapies. Methods: All patients received 2 doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccination as part of the UK National vaccination programme; with the second booster dose administered within 12 weeks of the first dose. All patients received either BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) or ChAdOx1 S (AstraZeneca) vaccines. Sequential serum samples were collected pre-booster dose vaccination (baseline/within -30 days) and after second dose SARS-COV-2 vaccination, at 14-35 days and 36-63 days. Presence and titres of serum Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein (S) antibody titres were measured. Seroconversion is defined as a response ≥0.8 U/ml, and maximum response to Anti-S is defined as ≥250 U/ml. Responses were measured in 3 patient groups according to the type of anti-cancer therapy: chemotherapy (CHT group), immune therapy (IO group) and targeted therapies, mainly VEGF TKI (TT group). Results: Overall, 61 patients were recruited: 45.9%(28/61) in CHT group, 32.8% (20/61) in IO group and 21.3% (13/61) in the TT group. Baseline characteristics were comparable between patient groups. In response to the booster dose vaccination at 14-35 days, the number of patients who seroconverted was 79.3% (23/29), 94.7% (18/19) and 84.6% (11/13) in the CHT, IO and TT groups, respectively. At this same time point, 51.7% (15/29) in the CHT group achieved maximum anti-S titre levels (≥250 U/ml), compared with 78.9% (15/19) of patients in IO group and 69.2% (9/13) of patients in TT group. All 3 groups demonstrated a significant increase in Anti-S antibodies at 14-35 days after second dose vaccine when compared to pre-booster serum levels, with the largest increase seen in the IO group with a mean Anti-S increase of 149.1 U/ml (SD±105.0, p &lt; 0.0001) followed by the TT group mean increase 120.2 U/ml (SD ±110.8, p &lt; 0.01) and the CHT group, mean increase 83.0 U/ml (SD ±108.4, p &lt; 0.001). Anti-S antibody levels were sustained at 36-63 days post-booster across all groups. However only IO patients had a sustained immune response to vaccination, with median Anti-S titres level of ≥250 U/ml and a significant drop was seen in the CHT group (median Anti-S level 138, p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: Anti-S titres increase following vaccination in all 3 groups but remain most sustained in the IO group at 36-63 days post-vaccination. Chemotherapy and other targeted therapy treated patients may benefit from early COVID-19 vaccine boosters, compared to patients receiving immune therapy.
Stat Bite: Workplace Attitudes Toward Cancer Patients
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Journal Article Stat Bite: Workplace Attitudes Toward Cancer Patients Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 10, 19 May 1993, Page 771, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.10.771 Published: 19 May 1993
Erratum. Impact of lifestyle and metformin interventions on the risk of progression to diabetes and regression to normal glucose regulation in overweight or obese people with impaired glucose regulation. Diabetes Care 2017;40:1668—1677
Authors: William H. Herman, Qing Pan, Sharon L. Edelstein, Kieren J. Mather, Leigh Perreault, Elizabeth Barrett-Connor, Dana M. Dabelea, Edward Horton, Steven E. Kahn, William C. Knowler, Carlos Lorenzo, Xavier Pi-Sunyer, Elizabeth Venditti, Wen Ye
Journal: Diabetes Care (2019)
Social and Physical Environment Inequalities and Childhood Health
Authors: José Laerte Boechat, Luis Delgado, Inês Paciência
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Emerging therapeutics in the management of connective tissue disease. Part I. Lupus erythematosus and Sjögren syndrome
Authors: Lauren Skudalski, Neda Shahriari, Kristin Torre, Sueheidi Santiago, Lorin Bibb, Vijay Kodomudi, Jane M. Grant-Kels, Jun Lu
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2022)
Hospitalizations of Children and Adolescents with Laboratory-Confirmed COVID-19 — COVID-NET, 14 States, July 2021–January 2022
Authors: Kristin J. Marks, Michael Whitaker, Onika Anglin, Jennifer Milucky, Kadam Patel, Huong Pham, Shua J. Chai, Pam Daily Kirley, Isaac Armistead, Sarah McLafferty, James Meek, Kimberly Yousey-Hindes, Evan J. Anderson, Kyle P. Openo, Andy Weigel, Justin Henderson, Val Tellez Nunez, Kathryn Como-Sabetti, Ruth Lynfield, Susan L. Ropp, Chad Smelser, Grant R. Barney, Alison Muse, Nancy M. Bennett, Sophrena Bushey, Laurie M. Billing, Eli Shiltz, Nasreen Abdullah, Melissa Sutton, William Schaffner, H. Keipp Talbot, Ryan Chatelain, Andrea George, Christopher A. Taylor, Meredith L. McMorrow, Cria G. Perrine, Fiona P. Havers, Arthur Reingold, Nisha Alden, Breanna Kawasaki, Maria Correa, Carol Lyons, Emily Fawcett, Katelyn Ward, Kayla Bilski, Erica Bye, Emily B. Hancock, Murtada Khalifa, Adam Rowe, Nancy Spina, Virginia Cafferky, Kevin Popham, Sam Hawkins, Tiffanie Markus, Keegan McCaffrey, Andrea Price
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2022)

The first U.S. case of COVID-19 attributed to the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) was reported on December 1, 2021 (1), and by the week ending December 25, 2021, Omicron was the predominant circulating variant in the United States.* Although COVID-19-associated hospitalizations are more frequent among adults,† COVID-19 can lead to severe outcomes in children and adolescents (2). This report analyzes data from the Coronavirus Disease 19-Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network (COVID-NET)§ to describe COVID-19-associated hospitalizations among U.S. children (aged 0-11 years) and adolescents (aged 12-17 years) during periods of Delta (July 1-December 18, 2021) and Omicron (December 19, 2021-January 22, 2022) predominance. During the Delta- and Omicron-predominant periods, rates of weekly COVID-19-associated hospitalizations per 100,000 children and adolescents peaked during the weeks ending September 11, 2021, and January 8, 2022, respectively. The Omicron variant peak (7.1 per 100,000) was four times that of the Delta variant peak (1.8), with the largest increase observed among children aged 0-4 years.¶ During December 2021, the monthly hospitalization rate among unvaccinated adolescents aged 12-17 years (23.5) was six times that among fully vaccinated adolescents (3.8). Strategies to prevent COVID-19 among children and adolescents, including vaccination of eligible persons, are critical.*.
A Correction
Authors: Noel Compton-Burnett, ,.- -Ieint Reg, James Conmpton-Burilett, Edward Doyle, San Fernian, Eric Fooks, G Dodgson, Staffordshire Regiment, Eric Ronald, Clifton Ratcliff-Gaylard, Probus He, Cecil Ratcliff-Gaylard, John Ritson, Lancashire Andrew, Walter Saniderson, A Anid Private, Henry Fisher, Northumberland Brian, Wlio Fusiliers, G Fisher, Skipton He, Mr Colin, C Guilliland
Journal: BMJ (1916)

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Pro-mutagenic effects of the gut microbiota in a Lynch syndrome mouse model
Authors: Wietske Pieters, Floor Hugenholtz, Kevin Kos, Maxime Cammeraat, Teddy C. Moliej, Daphne Kaldenbach, Sjoerd Klarenbeek, Mark Davids, Lisa Drost, Charlotte de Konink, Elly Delzenne-Goette, Karin E. de Visser, Hein te Riele
Journal: Gut Microbes (2022)

The gut microbiota strongly impacts the development of sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC), but it is largely unknown how the microbiota affects the pathogenesis of mismatch-repair-deficient CRC in the context of Lynch syndrome. In a mouse model for Lynch syndrome, we found a nearly complete loss of intestinal tumor development when animals were transferred from a conventional "open" animal facility to specific-pathogen-free (SPF) conditions. Using 16S sequencing we detected large changes in microbiota composition between the two facilities. Transcriptomic analyses of tumor-free intestinal tissues showed signs of strong intestinal inflammation in conventional mice. Whole exome sequencing of tumors developing in Msh2-Lynch mice revealed a much lower mutational load in the single SPF tumor than in tumors developing in conventional mice, suggesting reduced epithelial proliferation in SPF mice. Fecal microbiota transplantations with conventional feces altered the immune landscape and gut homeostasis, illustrated by increased gut length and elevated epithelial proliferation and migration. This was associated with drastic changes in microbiota composition, in particular increased relative abundances of different mucus-degrading taxa such as Desulfovibrio and Akkermansia, and increased bacterial-epithelial contact. Strikingly, transplantation of conventional microbiota increased microsatellite instability in untransformed intestinal epithelium of Msh2-Lynch mice, indicating that the composition of the microbiota influences the rate of mutagenesis in MSH2-deficient crypts.
Hepatic RACK1 deficiency protects against fulminant hepatitis through myeloid-derived suppressor cells
Authors: Genyu Liu, Qingyang Wang, Lijiao Deng, Xiaofeng Huang, Guang Yang, Qianqian Cheng, Tingting Guo, Lu Guo, Chunxiao Niu, Xiqin Yang, Jie Dong, Jiyan Zhang
Journal: Theranostics (2022)

Fulminant hepatitis (FH) is a life-threatening disease with partially understood pathogenesis.It has been demonstrated that myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are recruited into the liver during this process, and their augmented accumulation by various strategies protects against liver injury.However, the underlying mechanism(s) remain elusive.Receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1), a multi-functional scaffold protein, is highly expressed in normal liver and has been implicated in liver physiology and diseases, but the in vivo role of hepatic RACK1 in FH remains unknown.Methods: Survival curves and liver damage were monitored to investigate the in vivo role of hepatic RACK1 in FH.The liver microenvironment was explored by microarray-based transcriptome analysis, flow cytometry, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemistry. MDSCs were identified with phenotypic and functional characteristics.Functional antibodies were used to target MDSCs.Co-culture techniques were used to study the underlying mechanism(s) of protection.The interaction of RACK1 with histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and the consequent effects on HDAC1 ubiquitination were analyzed.Ectopic expression of HDAC1 with recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 8 was conducted to confirm the role of HDAC1 in the protective effects of hepatic RACK1 deficiency against FH.Post-translational modifications of RACK1 were also investigated during the induction of FH.Results: Liver-specific RACK1 deficiency rendered mice resistant to FH. RACK1-deficient livers exhibited high basal levels of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) and S100 calcium-binding protein A9 (S100A9), associated with MDSC accumulation under steady-state conditions.Targeting MDSCs with an antibody against either Gr1 or DR5 abrogated the protective effects of liver-specific RACK1 deficiency.Accumulated MDSCs inhibited inflammatory cytokine production from macrophages and enhanced IκB kinase (IKK)/NF-κB pathway activation in hepatocytes.Further investigation revealed that RACK1 maintained HDAC1 protein level in hepatocytes by direct binding, thereby controlling histone H3K9 and H3K27 acetylation at the Cxcl1 and S100a9 promoters.Ectopic expression of HDAC1 in livers with RACK1 deficiency partially reversed the augmented Cxcl1/S100a9 → MDSCs → IKK/NF-κB axis.During FH induction, RACK1 was phosphorylated at serine 110, enhancing its binding to ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2T and promoting its ubiquitination and degradation.Conclusion: Liver-specific RACK1 deficiency protects against FH through accelerated HDAC1 degradation and the consequent CXCL1/S100A9 upregulation and MDSC accumulation.
Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in previously untreated patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC): CheckMate 9ER updated results.
Authors: David Cella, Robert J. Motzer, Steven I. Blum, Flavia Ejzykowicz, Melissa Hamilton, Joel Wallace, Joshua Zhang, Burcin Simsek, Cristina Ivanescu, Toni K. Choueiri
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

323 Background: In CheckMate 9ER, patients (pts) with aRCC were randomized 1:1 to nivolumab 240 mg IV Q2W + cabozantinib 40 mg PO QD (N+C; n = 323) or sunitinib (S) 50 mg PO (4 weeks of 6-week cycles; n = 328). As reported previously, at a median follow-up of 18.1 months, N+C led to superior progression-free and overall survival and more favorable HRQoL than S. We report results of HRQoL analyses for 32.9-months follow-up. Methods: Disease-related symptoms (DRS) were evaluated using the FKSI-19 instrument and HRQoL with the EQ-5D-3L visual analogue scale (VAS). Change from baseline (BL) was assessed using mixed-model repeated measures (MMRM), adjusting for baseline scores and stratification factors, and included all common timepoints (at BL and every 6 wks) through week 151. Time to deterioration analysis was conducted for first (TFD), confirmed (TCD) and definitive (TDD) deterioration events using Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox proportional hazards models. Bother with treatment side effects (item GP5 in FKSI-19) was assessed using a generalized estimating equations model with response dichotomized as minimal bother (not at all or a little bit) vs notable bother (somewhat, quite a bit, and very much). HRQoL endpoints were exploratory and P-values are nominal and descriptive. Results: Group mean scores over time show that HRQoL was maintained or improved from BL with N+C while reductions were observed with S. Overall changes from BL though week 151 favored N+C with nominal significant differences between treatments observed for all scores except functional well-being (FWB; Table). Similarly, decreased risk of deterioration was observed with N+C vs S for all scores except FWB, irrespective of the deterioration definition used (TFD, TCD, TDD). Pts in N+C arm were 48% (odds ratio: 0.52 [95% CI, 0.35-0.77]) less likely to be notably bothered by side effects than pts in S arm. Conclusions: Pts continued to report improved HRQoL with N+C compared to S. Treatment with N+C reduced the risk of meaningful deterioration in HRQoL scores, regardless of the definition of deterioration and showed a decreased risk of being bothered by treatment side effects in contrast to S. These results suggest that the superior efficacy of N+C over S with the additional benefit of improved HRQoL is maintained with longer follow-up. Clinical trial information: NCT03141177. [Table: see text]
Metastatic ER+ Breast Cancer's Genomic Landscape
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2016)

Abstract Whole-exome and transcriptome sequencing have yielded a clearer picture of the molecular differences between ER-positive primary and metastatic breast cancer. Comparing metastatic breast tumor samples with matched primary tumor tissue, researchers found clinically relevant mutations in various genes, including ESR1 and RB1, that were acquired during metastasis. Their findings may better guide the selection of therapies for patients no longer benefiting from ER-targeted agents.
Abstract 17089: Cyclin D2 Overexpression Enhances the Potency of Human Induced-Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes for Cardiac Repair in a Porcine Model of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Meng Zhao, Yawen Tang, Wuqiang Zhu, Jianyi Zhang
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Stem-cell-based therapies provide promise for the treatment of ischemic myocardial injury, but the number of cells that remain engrafted at the site of administration is exceptionally low, which is believed to limit the effectiveness of treatment. In this study, we investigated whether the number of engrafted human induced-pluripotent stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) can be increased via overexpression of the cell-cycle activator cyclin D2 (CCND2) and if so, whether this increase is accompanied by improvements in myocardial recovery. Experiments were conducted in a large-animal (swine) model of myocardial injury. Methods and results: CCND2-overexpressing hiPSC-CMs (CCND2 OE CMs) were constructed via lentiviral transfection; then, myocardial infarction (MI) was surgically induced in swine, and the animals were randomly assigned to treatment with CCND2 OE CMs (i.e., the MI+CCND2 OE CM group), wild-type hiPSC-CMs (the MI+CCND2 WT CM group), or neither experimental treatment (the MI group); the cells were injected into five sites (6х10 6 cells/site) surrounding the infarct. Four weeks after MI, measurements of the heart-weight to bodyweight ratio (HW/BW), cardiac function (determined via magnetic resonance imaging), and vascularity (CD31 staining) were significantly better in MI+CCND2 OE CM animals than in the CCND2 WT CM group. HW/BW was also significantly lower in both cell-treatment groups than in MI animals, and CCND2 overexpression was associated with increases in both hiPSC-CM engraftment (mRNA levels) and cell-cycle activity (ki67 and phosphorylated histone 3 levels). Conclusion: Experiments in a large-animal MI model indicated that CCND2 overexpression in transplanted hiPSC-CMs was associated with increases in cell-cycle activity and the number of engrafted cells, as well as improvements in cardiac function, hypertrophy, and vascularity.
Home Use of Mini-Dose Glucagon As a Novel Treatment for Hypoglycemia Following Repeated, Prolonged Fasts in Type 1 Diabetes During Ramadan
Authors: Metab Algeffari, Sufyan Hussain, Turki Almogbel, Mansour Alsharidah, Habibah Alghadouni, Farid Mahmood
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)

OBJECTIVE We determined the efficacy of self-administered subcutaneous mini-dose glucagon (MDG) to treat fasting-induced hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes (T1D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This was a 4-week randomized, controlled crossover trial of 2-week MDG or 2-week oral glucose tablets (OG, control) involving 17 adults with T1D during Ramadan. RESULTS Compared with OG, MDG demonstrated a significant higher change in blood glucose from baseline to 30 min (Δt30, P &amp;lt; 0.001) and 1 h (Δt60, P = 0.02). The efficacy of MDG was preserved following ≥8 h fasting with significantly higher Δt30 in MDG (P = 0.01). Over the entire 2 weeks, MDG period had increased time in 70–180 mg/dL (P = 0.009) and less time &amp;lt;70 mg/dL (P = 0.04). MDG use resulted in higher completion of fasts compared with OG (P &amp;lt; 0.001). CONCLUSIONS MDG administration is an effective alternative to OG for prevention and treatment of fasting-induced hypoglycemia, offering improved glycemic control and promoting successful completion of prolonged fasts.