tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of a third dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine for preventing severe outcomes in Israel: an observational study
Authors: Noam Barda, Noa Dagan, Cyrille Cohen, Miguel A Hernán, Marc Lipsitch, Isaac S Kohane, Ben Y Reis, Ran D Balicer
Journal: The Lancet (2021)

Many countries are experiencing a resurgence of COVID-19, driven predominantly by the delta (B.1.617.2) variant of SARS-CoV-2. In response, these countries are considering the administration of a third dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine as a booster dose to address potential waning immunity over time and reduced effectiveness against the delta variant. We aimed to use the data repositories of Israel's largest health-care organisation to evaluate the effectiveness of a third dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine for preventing severe COVID-19 outcomes.Using data from Clalit Health Services, which provides mandatory health-care coverage for over half of the Israeli population, individuals receiving a third vaccine dose between July 30, 2020, and Sept 23, 2021, were matched (1:1) to demographically and clinically similar controls who did not receive a third dose. Eligible participants had received the second vaccine dose at least 5 months before the recruitment date, had no previous documented SARS-CoV-2 infection, and had no contact with the health-care system in the 3 days before recruitment. Individuals who are health-care workers, live in long-term care facilities, or are medically confined to their homes were excluded. Primary outcomes were COVID-19-related admission to hospital, severe disease, and COVID-19-related death. The third dose effectiveness for each outcome was estimated as 1 - risk ratio using the Kaplan-Meier estimator.1 158 269 individuals were eligible to be included in the third dose group. Following matching, the third dose and control groups each included 728 321 individuals. Participants had a median age of 52 years (IQR 37-68) and 51% were female. The median follow-up time was 13 days (IQR 6-21) in both groups. Vaccine effectiveness evaluated at least 7 days after receipt of the third dose, compared with receiving only two doses at least 5 months ago, was estimated to be 93% (231 events for two doses vs 29 events for three doses; 95% CI 88-97) for admission to hospital, 92% (157 vs 17 events; 82-97) for severe disease, and 81% (44 vs seven events; 59-97) for COVID-19-related death.Our findings suggest that a third dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine is effective in protecting individuals against severe COVID-19-related outcomes, compared with receiving only two doses at least 5 months ago.The Ivan and Francesca Berkowitz Family Living Laboratory Collaboration at Harvard Medical School and Clalit Research Institute.
Ethics complaints against female psychiatrists
Authors: K M Mogul
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1992)

The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and nature of investigated ethics complaints against female psychiatrists and to compare them with those against male psychiatrists.The author, a member of the APA Ethics Committee, reviewed informal records kept by her during a period of just under 5 years.The Ethics Committee reviewed 259 complaints against men and 30 against women, constituting a prevalence rate of about 1.1% against male members and 0.4% against female members. Thirty-nine percent of the complaints against men and 60% against women were dismissed. Eighty-five sexual complaints against male psychiatrists and eight against female psychiatrists (of which two and six, respectively, were for homosexual behavior) were investigated. Also investigated were 19 complaints involving discourtesy or poor judgment against men and two against women, 21 of breach of confidentiality against men and three against women, and 23 involving financial matters against men and four against women.In this study of informal records, there were fewer investigated ethics complaints against female than against male psychiatrists, and more of these were dismissed after investigation. A greater proportion of the complaints of sexual exploitation made against women were for homosexual involvement. Cultural power differentials between genders may in part explain some of the data.
Abstract 19421: Sirt7 Deficiency Attenuates Vascular Lesion Development by Suprresssion of Micro-RNA-Dependent Proliferation of Vsmcs
Authors: Yuichi Kimura, Yasuhiro Izumiya, Satoshi Araki, Toshifumi Ishida, Satoru Yamamura, Shinsuke Hanatani, Kenichi Tsujita
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Sirt7 is a latest identified sirtuin and has important roles in various pathological conditions, including cancer progression and metabolic disorders. We have recently shown that Sirt7 ...
Insights into the Ancient Adaptation to Intertidal Environments by Red Algae Based on a Genomic and Multiomics Investigation of <i>Neoporphyra haitanensis</i>
Authors: Haimin Chen, Jeffrey Shih-Chieh Chu, Juanjuan Chen, Qijun Luo, Huan Wang, Rui Lu, Zhujun Zhu, Gaigai Yuan, Xinxin Yi, Youzhi Mao, Caiping Lu, Zekai Wang, Denghui Gu, Zhen Jin, Caixia Zhang, Ziyu Weng, Shuang Li, Xiaojun Yan, Rui Yang
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2021)

Colonization of land from marine environments was a major transition for biological life on Earth, and intertidal adaptation was a key evolutionary event in the transition from marine- to land-based lifestyles. Multicellular intertidal red algae exhibit the earliest, systematic, and successful adaptation to intertidal environments, with Porphyra sensu lato (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) being a typical example. Here, a chromosome-level 49.67 Mb genome for Neoporphyra haitanensis comprising 9,496 gene loci is described based on metagenome-Hi-C-assisted whole-genome assembly, which allowed the isolation of epiphytic bacterial genome sequences from a seaweed genome for the first time. The compact, function-rich N. haitanensis genome revealed that ancestral lineages of red algae share common horizontal gene transfer events and close relationships with epiphytic bacterial populations. Specifically, the ancestor of N. haitanensis obtained unique lipoxygenase family genes from bacteria for complex chemical defense, carbonic anhydrases for survival in shell-borne conchocelis lifestyle stages, and numerous genes involved in stress tolerance. Combined proteomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses revealed complex regulation of rapid responses to intertidal dehydration/rehydration cycling within N. haitanensis. These adaptations include rapid regulation of its photosynthetic system, a readily available capacity to utilize ribosomal stores, increased methylation activity to rapidly synthesize proteins, and a strong anti-oxidation system to dissipate excess redox energy upon exposure to air. These novel insights into the unique adaptations of red algae to intertidal lifestyles inform our understanding of adaptations to intertidal ecosystems and the unique evolutionary steps required for intertidal colonization by biological life.
Risks and benefits of reinduction ipilimumab/nivolumab in melanoma patients previously treated with ipilimumab/nivolumab
Authors: Paul B Chapman, Vetri Sudar Jayaprakasam, Katherine S Panageas, Margaret Callahan, Michael A Postow, Alexander N Shoushtari, Jedd D Wolchok, Allison Betof Warner
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2021)

Background In melanoma patients who progress after prior ipilimumab/nivolumab (ipi/nivo) combination immunotherapy, there is no information regarding the risks and benefits of reinduction ipi/nivo. Methods This was a retrospective review of 26 melanoma patients treated at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) since 2012 who received reinduction ipi/nivo at least 6 months following completion of an initial course of ipi/nivo. We collected data on demographics, genetics, immune-related adverse events (irAEs), best overall responses (BORs), time to treatment failure (TTF) and overall survival (OS). Results The BOR rate (complete response+partial response) was 74% (95% CI 52% to 90%) after the first course of ipi/nivo but only 23% (95% CI 8% to 45%)) after reinduction. Response to reinduction did not correlate with response to the initial course. Among the 16 patients who had an objective response to the first course, only four (25%) responded to reinduction. Of five patients who did not respond to the first course, one responded to reinduction. For all patients, median TTF was 5.3 months after reinduction; TTF was shorter for reinduction than for the first course in 85% of patients. Median OS from reinduction was 8.4 months; estimated 2-year OS was 18%. Although reinduction was associated with fewer irAEs than the initial course of ipi/nivo (58% of patients vs 85% of patients in the initial course), eight (31%) patients experienced at least one new irAE after the second course. Conclusions BOR rate and TTF were markedly less favorable after reinduction with ipi/nivo than after the initial course of ipi/nivo. Reinduction ipi/nivo was associated with frequent irAEs although less frequent than for the initial course.
TCT-273 Impact of Shockwave Intravascular Lithotripsy Induced Calcium Fracture for Treatment of Stent Underexpansion Mediated In-Stent Restenosis
Authors: Evan Shlofmitz, Mitsuaki Matsumura, Akiko Maehara, Jeffrey Moses, George Petrossian, Meyer Abittan, Ajay Kirtane, Andrew Berke, Thomas Pappas, William Chung, Craig Porter, Susan Thomas, Christopher Glodan, Ori Ben-Yehuda, David Cohen, Dean Kereiakes, Richard Shlofmitz, Ziad Ali, Allen Jeremias
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
USEFULNESS OF C-11 METHIONINE POSITRON-EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY IN EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF RECURRENT GLIOMAS TREATED BY TEMOZOLOMIDE: 2 CASE REPORTS
Authors: Yoshida K, Ohira T, Kitamura Y, Uchino Y, Nariai T, Sano K, Sasaki H
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2010)
Doctors who ran rogue breast surgeon’s hospital failed to prevent patient harm, tribunal hears
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2021)

The former chief executive and the medical director of the NHS trust where the jailed breast surgeon Ian Paterson worked are facing allegations of failing to prevent patient harm, at a medical practitioners tribunal hearing that opened this week.1

Mark Goldman, who was chief executive of the Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust from 2001 to 2010, and Ian Cunliffe, its medical director from 2007 to 2010, face rarely brought charges that they failed in …
A Comparison of Clotting Rate During Hemodialysis in COVID-19 Patients Receiving Anticoagulant vs. No Anticoagulant in an Inpatient Setting
Authors: Vincent M. Campion, Wina Yousman, Elvira González, Preethi Subramanian, Golnaz Vahdani, Waseem Albasha, Sangeetha Murugapandian, Bekir Tanriover
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2021)

Campion, Vincent M.; Yousman, Wina; González, Elvira; Subramanian, Preethi; Vahdani, Golnaz; Albasha, Waseem; Murugapandian, Sangeetha; Tanriover, Bekir Author Information
Clinical Value of Emerging Bioanalytical Methods for Drug Measurements: A Scoping Review of Their Applicability for Medication Adherence and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
Authors: Tanja R. Zijp, Zamrotul Izzah, Christoffer Åberg, C. Tji Gan, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Daan J. Touw, Job F. M. van Boven
Journal: Drugs (2021)

Direct quantification of drug concentrations allows for medication adherence monitoring (MAM) and therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). Multiple less invasive methods have been developed in recent years: dried blood spots (DBS), saliva, and hair analyses. To provide an overview of emerging drug quantification methods for MAM and TDM, focusing on the clinical validation of methods in patients prescribed chronic drug therapies. A scoping review was performed using a systematic search in three electronic databases covering the period 2000–2020. Screening and inclusion were performed by two independent reviewers in Rayyan. Data from the articles were aggregated in a REDCap database. The main outcome was clinical validity of methods based on study sample size, means of cross-validation, and method description. Outcomes were reported by matrix, therapeutic area and application (MAM and/or TDM). A total of 4590 studies were identified and 175 articles were finally included; 57 on DBS, 66 on saliva and 55 on hair analyses. Most reports were in the fields of neurological diseases (37%), infectious diseases (31%), and transplantation (14%). An overview of clinical validation was generated of all measured drugs. A total of 62 drugs assays were applied for MAM and 131 for TDM. MAM and TDM are increasingly possible without traditional invasive blood sampling: the strengths and limitations of DBS, saliva, and hair differ, but all have potential for valid and more convenient drug monitoring. To strengthen the quality and comparability of future evidence, standardisation of the clinical validation of the methods is recommended.
Recruitment of dendritic cell progenitors to foci of influenza A virus infection sustains immunity
Authors: Mar Cabeza-Cabrerizo, Carlos M. Minutti, Mariana Pereira da Costa, Ana Cardoso, Robert P. Jenkins, Justina Kulikauskaite, Michael D. Buck, Cécile Piot, Neil Rogers, Stefania Crotta, Lynne Whittaker, Hector Huerga Encabo, John W. McCauley, Judith E. Allen, Manolis Pasparakis, Andreas Wack, Erik Sahai, Caetano Reis e Sousa
Journal: Science Immunology (2021)

Protection from infection with respiratory viruses such as influenza A virus (IAV) requires T cell–mediated immune responses initiated by conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) that reside in the respiratory tract. Here, we show that effective induction of T cell responses against IAV in mice requires reinforcement of the resident lung cDC network by cDC progenitors. We found that CCR2-binding chemokines produced during IAV infection recruit pre-cDCs from blood and direct them to foci of infection, increasing the number of progeny cDCs next to sites of viral replication. Ablation of CCR2 in the cDC lineage prevented this increase and resulted in a deficit in IAV-specific T cell responses and diminished resistance to reinfection. These data suggest that the homeostatic network of cDCs in tissues is insufficient for immunity and reveal a chemokine-driven mechanism of expansion of lung cDC numbers that amplifies T cell responses against respiratory viruses.
TCT-88 Relationship Between the Amount and Location of Macrophages and Clinical Outcome: Subanalysis of the CLIMA Study
Authors: Simone Budassi, Flavio Biccirè, Laura Gatto, Fernando Alfonso, Giulia Paoletti, Francesco Burzotta, Alessio La Manna, Massimo Fineschi, Valeria Marco, Franco Fabbiocchi, Rocco Vergallo, Alberto Boi, Giovanni Ruscica, Francesco Versaci, Nevio Taglieri, Giuseppe Calligaris, Mario Albertucci, Enrico Romagnoli, Vito Ramazzptto, Corrado Tamburino, Filippo Crea, Yukio Ozaki, Eloisa Arbustini, Francesco Prati
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Breakthrough COVID-19 Infection in Hemodialysis Patients Following mRNA-1273 (Moderna) Vaccine Administration
Authors: Nicholas Fuca, Lili Chan, Kirk N. Campbell, Aisha Shaikh
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2021)

Background: Patients on maintenance hemodialysis are highly susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. We recently reported that 95% (58/61) hemodialysis patients developed anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) IgG antibody following the 2-dose Moderna vaccine administration. The incidence of breakthrough COVID-19 infection in hemodialysis patients following vaccination is not known. Methods: All hemodialysis patients (n=61) received the 2-dose Moderna vaccine series. Anti-RBD IgG titer was measured at 1-, 2-, 4-weeks after the 1st vaccine dose. The 2nd vaccine dose was administered 29±3.9 days after the 1st dose. Anti-RBD IgG titer was measured at 1-week following the 2nd vaccine dose. Nasal swabs were performed every 2-weeks to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA as part of routine surveillance. Additionally, nasal swab tests were performed if patients exhibited signs or symptoms suggestive of COVID-19. Patients were followed for 2-months following the 2nd vaccine dose administration. Results: Three patients tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA following vaccination. Of these 3 patients, 2 patients tested positive at day-7-and at day-12 following the 1st vaccine dose respectively. Both these patients presented with symptoms of fever and dyspnea, and both had undetectable anti-RBD IgG titer at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis. A third patient tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA on routine nasal swab surveillance test at day-40 following the 2nd vaccine dose administration. At the time of the test, the patient had a positive anti-RBG IgG titer. The patient remained asymptomatic and had an uneventful course. Viral genome analysis revealed that the infection was due to the B.1.526 SARS-CoV-2 variant, also known as the New York variant. Conclusions: Breakthrough COVID-19 infections were rare in fully vaccinated hemodialysis patients up to 2-months following the Moderna vaccine administration. One case of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection was due to the B.1.526 variant.
Clonal Hematopoiesis is Associated with Reduced Risk of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Hind Bouzid, Julia Belk, Max Jan, Yanyan Qi, Chloé Sarnowski, Sara Wirth, Lisa Ma, Matthew Chrostek, Herra Ahmad, Daniel Nachun, Winnie Yao, Alexa Beiser, Alexander G. Bick, Joshua Bis, Myriam Fornage, W. T. Longstreth, Oscar Lopez, Pradeep Nataranjan, Bruce Psaty, Claudia Satizabal, Joshua Weinstock, Eric Larson, Paul Crane, C. Dirk Keene, Sudha Seshadri, Ansuman T. Satpathy, Thomas Montine, Siddhartha Jaiswal
Journal: Blood (2021)
Painful Eruptions in a Patient With Cholangiocarcinoma Treated With Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitor
Authors: Natasha S. Wylie, Olayemi Sokumbi, Jason S. Starr
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2021)

A 65-year-old woman with locally advanced, unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and receiving pemigatinib therapy presented with a painful eruption on the bilateral lower extremities. What is your diagnosis?
Assessment of Stimulant Use and Cardiovascular Event Risks Among Older Adults
Authors: Mina Tadrous, Ahmad Shakeri, Cherry Chu, Jennifer Watt, Muhammad M. Mamdani, David N. Juurlink, Tara Gomes
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

<h3>Importance</h3> Use of stimulants continues to increase among older adults for a variety of indications. An association between stimulant use and increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) events has been established among children and young adults, but few studies have explored the risk of CV events among older patients, a group with increased baseline risk. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate the association between stimulant use and risk of CV events among older adults. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This propensity score–matched cohort study, with 4 nonusers per 1 user, was conducted from July 1, 2017, to June 27, 2019, using data from population-based health care databases from Ontario, Canada, from January 1, 2002, to December 31, 2016. Included individuals were outpatients aged 66 years or older. <h3>Exposures</h3> Initiation of a prescription stimulant. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The primary outcome was a CV event, defined as a composite of emergency department visit or hospitalization for myocardial infarction, stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), or ventricular arrhythmia. Risk of CV event was assessed at 30 days, 180 days, and 365 days after initiation of stimulants from Cox proportional hazard models. A secondary analysis assessed each component of the primary outcome separately. <h3>Results</h3> Among 6457 older adults who initiated a prescription stimulant (ie, the exposed group) and 24 853 older adults who did not initiate such treatment (ie, the unexposed group), the distribution of baseline patient characteristics was well balanced after matching (sex: 3173 [49.1%] men vs 12 112 [48.7%] men; standardized difference, 0.01; median [IQR] age: 74 [69-80] years vs 74 [69-80] years; standardized difference, 0.05). Within this cohort, there were 932 CV events during the 365-day follow-up (5.11 events per 100 person-years among individuals who initiated stimulants). In the primary analysis, stimulant initiation was associated with increased risk of CV events at 30 days (hazard ratio [HR], 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.8) but not at 180 days (HR, 1.2; 95% CI, 0.9-1.6) or 365 days (HR, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.6 to 1.8). In the secondary analysis, stimulant initiation was associated with increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias (HR, 3.0; 95% CI, 1.1-8.7) and stroke or TIA (HR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.1-2.1) at 30 days. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> This cohort study found that stimulant use was associated with an early increase in CV events among older adults with no association for long-term use.
Protease Responsive Nanogels for Transcytosis across the Blood−Brain Barrier and Intracellular Delivery of Radiopharmaceuticals to Brain Tumor Cells (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 20/2021)
Authors: Smriti Singh, Natascha Drude, Lena Blank, Prachi Bharat Desai, Hiltrud Königs, Stephan Rütten, Karl‐Josef Langen, Martin Möller, Felix M. Mottaghy, Agnieszka Morgenroth
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2021)

Blood–Brain Barrier In article number 2100812 by Smriti Singh, Agnieszka Morgenroth, and co-workers, Matrix metalloprotease (MMP) sensitive nanogels are synthesized for effective delivery of a radiopharmaceutical ([125I]ITdU) across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The nanogels show efficient transcytosis across the in vitro model of BBB co-cultured with glioblastoma cells. Once transcytosed, nanogels degrade in an up-regulated MMP2/9 environment of glioblastoma and release the radiopharmaceutical, which gets incorporated into the DNA of tumor cells by thymidine salvage pathway.
Covid-19: Biden administration sets 4 January deadline to vaccinate most US workers
Authors: Janice Hopkins Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2021)

The US government has set a deadline of 4 January 2022 for most US workers to be vaccinated against covid-19. President Joe Biden announced the deadline on 4 November. There are around 160 million people in the US workforce and the administration’s orders will require around two thirds—100 million—to be vaccinated.123

Biden said that the Labour Department would require companies with more than 100 employees to make sure that they are fully vaccinated with either the two dose Pfizer BioNTech or Moderna vaccines or with the one dose Johnson & Johnson vaccine. Unvaccinated employees would be required to have negative covid-19 tests at least weekly and to wear a mask …
Abstract 15210: Risk of Late Sudden Cardiac Death After Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Robert Whitehill, Courtney McCracken, Jeffrey M Vinocur, Matthew Oster, Lazaros Kochilas
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a significant concern among patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). We aim to characterize the risk of late SCD after congenital heart surgery (CHS...
TCT-412 Use of Intravascular Lithotripsy in a Population With a High Prevalence of Renal Disease and Diabetes: Insights From Real-World Data
Authors: Poornima Mohan, Adam Hartley, Hani Khaldi, Amarjit Sethi, Ricardo Petraco, Rasha Al-Lamee, Christopher Baker, Ramzi Khamis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)