tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bladder cancer research funding in Canada and the United States: A comparison between stakeholder priorities and resource allocation from 2017 to 2019.
Authors: Jeenan Kaiser, Ishjot Litt, Angela B. Smith, Bimal Bhindi, Nimira S. Alimohamed
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

422 Background: There is an increasing emphasis on patient-centered research to encourage cancer care that is responsive to patients' needs. Previously, the Bladder Cancer Advocacy Network (BCAN) Patient Survey Network (PSN) engaged patients and other key stakeholders and compiled a prioritized list of research questions in bladder cancer. However, it is uncertain whether these priorities have successfully guided subsequent resource allocation by funding agencies. The purpose of this study was to understand how bladder cancer research funding has been allocated in recent years and to determine whether funding patterns have aligned with patient and caregiver priorities. Methods: We investigated publicly available research databases online or contacted agencies directly to determine bladder cancer research fund allocation in Canada and the US from 2017 to 2019. Each funding competition and all funded projects were evaluated to assess whether they aligned with previously identified priority research areas. Trends in funding allocation were assessed and several key variables including country, year, agency focus, cancer stage, and funding amount were analyzed. Results: Fifteen agencies provided funding to bladder cancer research between 2017 and 2019, amounting to a total of $78,525,974 in funding for 298 projects across Canada and the US. Of this funding, $23,268,258 (30%) went towards projects addressing the stakeholder-identified high priority research questions, $15,575,064 (20%) went towards projects addressing lesser priority questions, and the remaining $39,682,652 (50%) funded projects addressing questions which did not align with previously identified stakeholder priorities. General agencies (non-bladder cancer-specific) funded more priority (high and lesser) projects than bladder cancer-specific agencies (p &lt; 0.001). Among projects addressing non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, 36% of funding went to high priority areas, compared to 13% and 27% for muscle-invasive bladder cancer and metastatic bladder cancer, respectively. Among the top 10% of projects (n = 30) with the greatest funding amount (combined $43,249,792), 45% of the funding went to high priority areas, 21% went to lesser priority areas, and 34% went to non-priority areas. Conclusions: Of nearly $80,000,000 USD allocated to bladder cancer research in recent years, approximately half was allocated to projects addressing stakeholder-identified priority areas while half was allocated to projects that were not aligned with stakeholder priorities. More work is needed to ensure stronger alignment between stakeholder-identified priority areas and funding allocation in bladder cancer research.
Association of KRAS mutational status and efficacy of panitumumab monotherapy for the treatment (tx) of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): results of pooled data from 4 clinical studies.
Authors: R Amado, M Wolf, D Freeman, M Reiner, E Van Cutsem, Marc Peeters, S Siena, Hecht, J Berlin, D Chang
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2008)
Efficacy of gemcitabine plus doxorubicin (Gem + Dox) in patients with renal medullary carcinoma (RMC).
Authors: Nathaniel Wilson, Andrew James Wiele, Devaki Shilpa Surasi, Priya Rao, Kanishka Sircar, Amishi Yogesh Shah, Giannicola Genovese, Jose A. Karam, Christopher G. Wood, Nizar M. Tannir, Pavlos Msaouel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

324 Background: Renal medullary carcinoma (RMC) is one of the most lethal renal cell malignancies with a median overall survival (OS) of only 13 months from diagnosis (Shah et al. BJU Int., 2017). RMC predominantly affects young individuals of African descent and is characterized by loss of the tumor suppressor SMARCB1 in all cases. Platinum-based chemotherapy produces a best response rate of 29% and is the recommended front line therapy for RMC (Msaouel et al. Clin Genitourin Cancer, 2019). However, there is little data on subsequent therapies. We recently showed that loss of SMARCB1 induces replication stress that renders RMC cells vulnerable to nucleoside analogs such as gemcitabine (Gem) and topoisomerase inhibitors such as doxorubicin (Dox) (Msaouel et al. Cancer Cell, 2020). We therefore hypothesized that Gem + Dox would demonstrate clinical activity against RMC. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of patients who were treated with Gem + Dox for metastatic RMC at our institution. A blinded board-certified radiologist reviewed all restaging images to assess best radiographic response as defined by RECIST v1.1 and, when applicable, date of progression. Adverse events (AEs) were evaluated using the CTCAE version 5.0 grading estimated from chart documentation. Results: Between 01/2005 and 09/2020, we identified 16 patients with RMC that were treated with Gem + Dox and were evaluable for survival outcomes (Table). All but 1 patient (94%) had received prior platinum-based chemotherapy. Gem + Dox produced a partial response in 3/14 evaluable patients (21.4%) and stable disease as best response in 10/14 (71.4%), resulting in a median progression-free survival of 3.0 months (mo) with 95% CI 1.5-4.5 mo. The median overall survival (OS) from the start of Gem + Dox was 9.8 mo (95% CI 3.3-16.2) and the median OS from diagnosis was 18.6 mo (95% CI 11.3-25.9). Gem + Dox was well tolerated with no grade ≥ 4 AEs and the most common grade 2 or 3 AE’s were cytopenias (3/17), nausea (3/17), and fatigue (2/17). There were no grade ≥ 2 reported events of cardiotoxicity, but 3 patients discontinued treatment due to reaching recommended maximum dose of Dox. Conclusions: Gem + Dox demonstrated clinical benefit in patients with RMC and was well tolerated in most patients, supporting its use in patients with RMC whose disease progressed on prior platinum-based chemotherapy. Further investigation is warranted to determine and target mechanisms of resistance. [Table: see text]
An Updated Assessment of Chronic Hepatitis B Prevalence Among Foreign‐Born Persons Living in the United States
Authors: Robert J. Wong, Carol L. Brosgart, Sue Welch, Tim Block, Mark Chen, Chari Cohen, W. Ray Kim, Kris V. Kowdley, Anna S. Lok, Naoky Tsai, John Ward, Steven S. Wong, Robert G. Gish
Journal: Hepatology (2021)

Although prevalence of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in the USA includes 0.42 million (range, 0.28-0.67) U.S.-born persons, foreign-born (FB) persons contribute a substantially larger number to the burden of CHB in the USA. Over the past decade, patterns of U.S. immigration have changed and many countries have implemented HBV prevention programs. This study aims to estimate the number of FB persons with CHB in the USA by country of origin, updating our 2011 study.We performed systematic searches for articles published in 2009-2019 reporting HBsAg seroprevalence in emigrants and in-country populations of 117 countries. Data meeting inclusion criteria were combined with data from our 2011 study to calculate pooled prevalence estimates for 99 countries using meta-analyses (total 2,800 surveys involving 112 million subjects). Combining country-specific CHB rate estimates with the number of FB in the USA in 2018, by country of origin from the U.S. Census Bureau, we estimate that the number of FB with CHB in the USA in 2018 was 1.47 million (95% CI, 1.21-1.73), substantially higher than previously reported. The weighted average CHB prevalence for all FB in the USA in 2018 was 3.07%. Approximately 59% of FB with CHB in the USA in 2018 emigrated from Asia, 19% from the Americas, and 15% from Africa. Subgroup analyses found that for many countries, CHB rates are higher in males than females and have declined over the past three decades, but no consistent pattern is observed between emigrant and in-country rates.Including FB and U.S.-born persons, the total prevalence of CHB in the USA may be as high as 2.4 million.
Past-season, pre-season and in-season risk assessment of groin problems in male football players: a prospective full-season study
Authors: Ernest Esteve, Marti Casals, Marc Saez, Michael Skovdal Rathleff, Mikkel Bek Clausen, Jordi Vicens-Bordas, Per Hölmich, Tania Pizzari, Kristian Thorborg
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2021)

We assessed past-season, pre-season and in-season risk factors to investigate their association with an in-season groin problem in male amateur football players.Past-season groin-pain information and pre-season short-lever and long-lever adductor squeeze strength were obtained at baseline, together with anthropometrics (weight, lower limb lever length) and player age. In-season hip-related and groin-related sporting function was monitored every 4 weeks using the Sports and Recreation (Sport) subscale from the Hip And Groin Outcome Score questionnaire (HAGOS (Sport)). Groin problems, including time-loss groin injuries and groin pain irrespective of time loss, were collected over a 39-week competitive in-season. We estimated relative risk (RR), and 95% credibility interval (ICr) from logistic regressions fitted in a Bayesian framework.Players (n=245) suffering from groin pain during the past-season had 2.4 times higher risk of experiencing a groin problem in the new season (2.40 RR; 95% ICr 1.5 to 3.7). This risk was reduced by 35% (0.65 RR; 95% ICr 0.42 to 0.99) per unit (N·m/kg) increase in the long-lever adductor squeeze test. Player age, short-lever squeeze test and the HAGOS (Sport) scores were not associated with the risk of a groin problem.Past-season groin pain increased the risk of a groin problem in the new in-season. This risk was reduced by higher pre-season long-lever adductor squeeze strength. Past-season groin-pain information and long-lever adductor squeeze strength can be quickly obtained during pre-season to identify players with an elevated risk of in-season groin problems. This may be key to reduce these problems in the new season.
Circulating cytokines associated with clinical response to systemic therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Alexander Chehrazi-Raffle, Luis Meza, Marice Alcantara, Nazli Dizman, Paulo Bergerot, Nicholas Salgia, JoAnn Hsu, Nora Ruel, Sabrina Salgia, Jasnoor Malhotra, Ewa Karczewska, Marcin Kortylewski, Sumanta Pal
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2021)

Background Circulating cytokines and angiogenic factors have been associated with clinical outcomes in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) receiving systemic therapy. However, none have yet examined cytokine concentrations in parallel cohorts receiving either immunotherapy or targeted therapy. Methods In this prospective correlative study, we enrolled 56 patients who were planned for treatment with either a vascular endothelial growth factor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (VEGF-TKI) or immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI). Eligibility requirements permitted any RCC histologic subtype, International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma risk classification, and line of therapy. Immunologic profile was assessed at baseline and after 1 month on treatment using a Human Cytokine 30-plex protein assay (Invitrogen). Clinical benefit was defined as complete response, partial response, or stable disease ≥6 months per RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors) V.1.1 criteria. Results Clinical benefit was similar between VEGF-TKI and ICI arms (65% vs 54%). Patients with clinical benefit from VEGF-TKIs had lower pretreatment levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) (p=0.02), IL-1RA (p=0.03), and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (CSF) (p=0.02). At 1 month, patients with clinical benefit from ICIs had higher levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) (p=0.04) and IL-12 (p=0.03). Among patients on VEGF-TKIs, those with clinical benefit had lower 1 month IL-13 (p=0.02) and granulocyte macrophage CSF (p=0.01) as well as higher 1 month VEGF (p=0.04) compared with patients with no clinical benefit. Conclusion For patients receiving VEGF-TKI or ICI therapy, distinct plasma cytokines were associated with clinical benefit. Our findings support additional investigation into plasma cytokines as biomarkers in metastatic RCC.
The worst adverse event for an endoscopist after esophageal stent placement: an aortoesophageal fistula
Authors: Alessandro Fugazza, Laura Lamonaca, Giuseppe Mercante, Efrem Civilini, Andrea Pradella, Andrea Anderloni, Alessandro Repici
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

We describe the case of a 75-year-old man who had undergone total laryngectomy with neck dissection and major pectoralis flap for recurrent squamous cell carcinoma after chemoradiation treatment. Post-operatively he developed a recurrent pharyngocutaneous fistula, managed with placement of a partially covered self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) (23 × 105-mm Wallflex; Boston Scientific Inc., Marlborough, Massachusetts, USA). The patient missed a scheduled follow-up for stent retrieval.
Prolonged maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells that escape from thrombopoietin deprivation
Authors: Ayako Nakamura-Ishizu, Desmond Wai Loon Chin, Takayoshi Matsumura, Darren Qiancheng Tan, Makiko Mochizuki-Kashio, Deng Jianwen, Toshio Suda
Journal: Blood (2021)
Use of e-Cigarettes for Smoking Cessation—Reply
Authors: Mark J. Eisenberg, Andréa Hébert-Losier, Kristian B. Filion
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
17P BCL6 and Notch pathway: A signaling axis leading to a novel druggable biotarget in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: F. De Santis, S.L. Romero-Cordoba, L. Castagnoli, T. Volpari, S. Faraci, G. Fucà, L. Cerchietti, E. Tagliabue, F. De Braud, S.M. Pupa, M. Di Nicola
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Firearm-Related Homicides Among Teenagers and Young Adults
Authors: Xavier Bosch
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CTC counts as a biomarker of prognosis and response in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) from the CARD trial.
Authors: Johann S. De Bono, Klaus Pantel, Eleni Efstathiou, Cora N. Sternberg, Daniel Castellano, Karim Fizazi, Bertrand Tombal, Christian Wulfing, Joseph D. Schonhoft, Audrey Gill, Lincy Chu, Rick Wenstrup, Ayse Ozatilgan, Christine Geffriaud-Ricouard, Sandrine Macé, Ronald De Wit
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

161 Background: In the prospective CARD trial (NCT02485691), cabazitaxel significantly improved radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) and overall survival (OS) versus abiraterone or enzalutamide in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who had received docetaxel and progressed within 12 months with the alternative androgen-signaling-targeted inhibitor. Here we analyzed circulating tumor cell (CTC) counts as a biomarker of prognosis and response to therapy. Methods: Blood samples collected at screening (SC), Cycle 2 (C2) Day 1, and end of therapy were sent to Epic Sciences for CTC analysis. The association between CTC counts, defined as any cytokeratin-positive, CD45-negative cell, and clinical outcomes were pre-specified and analyzed using a multivariate Cox model for time-to-events (rPFS, OS) or a Χ 2 test for categorical outcomes (objective tumor response). Results: Of the 255 patients randomized, 237 (92.9%) had evaluable samples at SC and 213 (83.5%) at C2. CTCs ≥ 1 were detected in 204 samples at SC (86%) and 178 samples at C2 (84%), with a median (interquartile range) count per mL of blood of 4.1 (1.3–14.2) and 5.2 (1.5–17.3), respectively. At baseline, higher CTC counts were associated with higher values of lactate dehydrogenase (P = 0.014), alkaline phosphatase (P &lt; 0.001), and prostate-specific antigen (P &lt; 0.001). High CTC counts, measured as a continuous variable at SC (all arms combined) were associated with a shorter OS (P = 0.03), but not rPFS (P = 0.7). However, favorable changes in absolute CTC count from SC to C2, all arms combined, were associated with longer rPFS (P = 0.03). Conversion from high (≥ 3) to low (&lt; 3) CTC count at C2 or maintenance of a low CTC count at C2 was associated with objective tumor response (P = 0.007). Analysis of the associations of CTC androgen receptor variant 7, chromosomal instability, heterogeneity status (Shannon Index), single-cell genotypes (e.g. retinoblastoma/phosphatase and tensin homolog copy-loss), and the presence of CTCs with small-cell/neuroendocrine morphology is ongoing. Conclusions: This preplanned analysis of the CARD trial confirms that baseline CTC counts, measured by Epic Sciences platform, are prognostic. Moreover, early favorable changes in CTC counts from baseline to C2 are associated with response to therapy. Funding: Sanofi. Clinical trial information: NCT02485691.
Abstract 13037: Use of Guideline-Recommended Risk-Reduction Strategies Among Patients With Prior MI: Insights From Getting to an Improved Understanding of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Dyslipidemia Management (GOULD)
Authors: Suzanne V Arnold, James A De Lemos, Robert S Rosenson, Christie M Ballantyne, Yuyin Liu, Katie Mues, Shushama Alam, Mary Elliott-Davey, Deepak L Bhatt, Christopher P Cannon, Mikhail N Kosiborod
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Among individuals with ASCVD, survivors of myocardial infarction (MI) are at particularly increased risk for recurrent MI, other adverse cardiovascular (CV) events, and CV death. Aggr...
Age-Specific Prevalence and Incidence of Dementia Diagnoses Among Older US Adults With Schizophrenia
Authors: T. Scott Stroup, Mark Olfson, Cecilia Huang, Melanie M. Wall, Terry Goldberg, Davangere P. Devanand, Tobias Gerhard
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2021)

People with schizophrenia are at high risk of receiving a diagnosis of dementia. Understanding the magnitude and timing of this increased risk has important implications for practice and policy.To estimate the age-specific incidence and prevalence of dementia diagnoses among older US adults with schizophrenia and in a comparison group without serious mental illness (SMI).This retrospective cohort study used a 50% random national sample of Medicare beneficiaries 66 years or older with fee-for-service plans and Part D prescription drug coverage from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2017. The cohort with schizophrenia included adults with at least 12 months of continuous enrollment in fee-for-service Medicare and Part D and at least 2 outpatient claims or at least 1 inpatient claim for schizophrenia during the qualifying years. The comparison group included adults with at least 12 months of continuous enrollment in fee-for-service Medicare and Part D and without a diagnosis of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or recurrent major depressive disorder during the qualifying year. Data were analyzed from January 1 to July 31, 2020.Dementia was defined using the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Chronic Conditions Warehouse diagnosis codes for Alzheimer disease and related disorders or senile dementia. Incident diagnoses were defined by at least 12 consecutive eligible months without a qualifying code before meeting dementia criteria.The study population of 8 011 773 adults 66 years or older (63.4% women; mean [SD] age, 74.0 [8.2] years) included 74 170 individuals with a diagnosis of schizophrenia (56.6% women) and 7 937 603 without an SMI diagnosis (63.5% women) who contributed 336 814 and 55 499 543 person-years of follow-up, respectively. At 66 years of age, the prevalence of diagnosed dementia was 27.9% (17 640 of 63 287) among individuals with schizophrenia compared with 1.3% (31 295 of 2 389 512) in the group without SMI. By 80 years of age, the prevalence of dementia diagnoses was 70.2% (2011 of 2866) in the group with schizophrenia and 11.3% (242 094 of 2 134 602) in the group without SMI. The annual incidence of dementia diagnoses per 1000 person-years at 66 years of age was 52.5 (95% CI, 50.1-54.9) among individuals with schizophrenia and 4.5 (95% CI, 4.4-4.6) among individuals without SMI and increased to 216.2 (95% CI, 179.9-252.6) and 32.3 (95% CI, 32.0-32.6), respectively, by 80 years of age.In this cohort study, compared with older adults without SMI, those with schizophrenia had increased risk of receiving a diagnosis of dementia across a wide age range, possibly because of cognitive and functional deterioration related to schizophrenia or factors contributing to other types of dementia. High rates of dementia among adults with schizophrenia have implications for the course of illness, treatment, and service use.
The effect of hypoxia-mimicking responses on improving the regeneration of artificial vascular grafts
Authors: Muhammad Rafique, Tingting Wei, Qiqi Sun, Adam C. Midgley, Ziqi Huang, Ting Wang, Muhammad Shafiq, Dengke Zhi, Jianghua Si, Hongyu Yan, Deling Kong, Kai Wang
Journal: Biomaterials (2021)