tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Colorectal posters 209-226
Authors: S Parry, J Barton, M Welfare, I Mohammed, L Cherkas, S Riley, T Spector, N Trudgill, S Lal, J Mclaughlin, G Giampaolo, G Dockray, A Varro, D Thompson, J Jones, D Kendall, P Millns, C Hawkey, S Dunlop, D Jenkins, R Spiller, L Gregory, L Yaguez, S Coen, E Amaro, S Smale, A Hobson, S Williams, Q Aziz, V Chudleigh, E Brennan, S Tarry, S Myers, S Lewis, G Smith, K Palmer
Journal: Gut (2002)

Introduction: Previous studies, many uncontrolled, suggest 4 to 32% of people develop irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) after ID.Little information is available on the development of other FGIDs after ID.Aim: To determine if patients with stool culture confirmed bacterial diarrhoea were more likely to develop gut symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of IBS, functional dyspepsia or functional diarrhoea at 3 and 6 month follow up compared with community controls.Methods: A prospective community-based case-control study over one year.Subjects with stool positive bacterial infectious diarrhoea and control subjects from the same primary care practice were invited to participate.The presence or not of IBS, functional dyspepsia or functional diarrhoea was diagnosed at the start and at follow up using self-complete Rome II modular questionnaires.The diagnosis of a baseline FGID excluded subjects from continuing.There were 128 cases and 219 community controls eligible and who consented to participate.Results: At follow up there was a higher incidence of FGIDs in the cases compared with controls, mainly due to a higher incidence of IBS (see table ).There was no difference in the incidence of functional dyspepsia between cases and controls.Conclusions: IBS and functional diarrhoea is diagnosed more frequently in people at three and six-month follow up after an episode of stool positive bacterial diarrhoea compared with community controls despite careful exclusion of people with pre-existing FGIDS and adds further support for the concept of post-infectious IBS.
DECISION AGAINST DIPLOMA MILL.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Proposal to Require Evidence of Effectiveness of Spermicides
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A phase 2, multicenter, open-label study evaluating trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) for the treatment of select human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-expressing solid tumors (DESTINY-PanTumor02).
Authors: Funda Meric-Bernstam, Chiedozie Anoka, Anna Dobrowolska, Anubhavini Chaudhry, Jacqui Rowbottom, Mark Gustavson, Soham D. Puvvada
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

TPS623 Background: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is an established therapeutic target in both breast and gastric cancer. However, HER2-targeting therapies are not approved beyond these malignancies despite a high prevalence of HER2 expression across cancers of epithelial origin. Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) is an antibody-drug conjugate consisting of an anti-HER2 antibody, a cleavable tetrapeptide-based linker, and a topoisomerase I inhibitor payload. In a cohort of pretreated patients with multiple HER2-expressing tumors, T-DXd demonstrated promising antitumor activity, with an investigator-assessed confirmed objective response rate of 40.9% (9 of 22 patients) and median progression-free survival of 11.1 months (95% CI, 5.4-20.5 months; Tsurutani J, et al. Cancer Discov. 2020;10:688-701). Here we describe the phase 2 DESTINY-PanTumor02 trial evaluating T-DXd in patients with select HER2-expressing solid tumors. Methods: DESTINY-PanTumor02 (NCT04482309) is an open-label, multicenter, multicohort, phase 2 study evaluating T-DXd for the treatment of patients with select HER2-expressing locally advanced, unresectable, or metastatic tumors. The study will consist of 7 cohorts of patients (n≈40 each) with urothelial bladder, biliary tract, cervical, endometrial, ovarian, pancreatic, or rare tumors (tumors excluding those in the other cohorts and breast, gastric, colorectal, and non-small cell lung cancer). Patients are required to have disease progression following ≥1 prior systemic treatment for advanced or metastatic disease or have no satisfactory alternative treatment options. Prior HER2-targeting therapy is allowed. The primary endpoint is investigator-assessed confirmed objective response rate per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1. Secondary endpoints include duration of response, disease control rate, progression-free survival (all per investigator assessment according to RECIST 1.1), overall survival, safety, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity. Previously presented at the ESMO Congress 2021, FPN: 1869 TiP, Meric-Bernstam et al. Reused with permission. Clinical trial information: NCT04482309.
Impact of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status on emergency department visits in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
Authors: Daniel Lin, Amie Tan, Karl M. Kilgore, Christie Teigland, Sairy Hernandez, Dayne L. Slay, Amy L. Schroeder, Seung Kim
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

385 Background: Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), disparities in care utilization and health outcomes persist. Few studies have evaluated the impact of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES) on incidence of emergency department (ED) visits, which may reflect access to and quality of cancer care. We investigated this relationship among patients (pts) with HCC. Methods: Using 100% Medicare Fee-for-Service claims and a commercial multi-payor claims database, pts diagnosed with HCC between 2014-2018 were identified. Using 9-digit ZIP code from enrollment records, pts were matched to near-neighborhood social determinants of health (SDOH) characteristics, including income, education, English language ability, living alone, vehicle ownership, rurality, and primary care shortages. We defined SES according to income level: low (≤2 times [x] federal poverty level [FPL]), middle (2-3x FPL), and high (&gt;3x FPL). We used generalized linear regressions to evaluate the effect of race/ethnicity on incidence rate ratios (IRR) of ED visits, adjusting for SDOH variables and demographic and clinical characteristics. We further stratified ED IRR by income level to examine how racial/ethnic differences in ED visits differ by SES. Results: 22,247 pts with HCC were identified (median age 69; 63% male; 69% White, 14% Black, 7% Hispanic, 6% Asian, 4% Other). The table summarizes adjusted IRR of ED visits for each racial/ethnic group compared with whites, overall and by income level. Overall, ED visits were higher for Blacks (IRR 1.27) and Hispanics (IRR 1.17) and lower for Asians (IRR 0.67). When stratified by income, Blacks and Hispanics had larger incidence of ED visits compared with Whites at higher income levels; these differences became insignificant at low income level. Asians had lower rate of ED visits regardless of income. Conclusions: Black and Hispanic pts with HCC demonstrated higher rates of ED visits compared with Whites. These differences were more pronounced at higher income levels, particularly for Blacks, suggesting racial disparities may differ by SES. Further research is needed to understand the intersectionality between race/ethnicity, SES and other SDOH, to guide structural-level interventions to address these disparities. [Table: see text]
In This Issue
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2004)

In This Issue Bedtime for the BipolarEven between acute episodes of bipolar disorder, sleep problems were documented in 70% of the patients studied by Harvey et al. (p.50).On most sleep measures, the bipolar patients were more similar to patients with diagnosed insomnia than to volunteers with good sleep patterns.The patients differed from the good sleepers in the proportion of time in bed spent asleep, and the reasons for poor sleep most often identified were "I can't get in a proper routine," "My mind keeps turning things over," and "I am unable to empty my mind."Sleep loss can herald an acute episode of mania or depression, and worrying about this possibility can add to cognitive arousal.Cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia might help bipolar patients sleep better between episodes and thus help maintain their stability.
Letter to the editor: Time to consider unusual or severe headache and fatigue as indicator symptoms for COVID-19 testing?
Authors: Alma Tostmann
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2022)

Preview this article: Letter to the editor: Time to consider unusual or severe headache and fatigue as indicator symptoms for COVID-19 testing?, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/27/1/eurosurv-27-1-7-1.gif
Timing the Initiation of Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Francesco Maura, Even H Rustad, Niccolò Bolli, Venkata Yellapantula, Daniel A. Leongamornlert, Ferran Nadeu, Nicos Angelopoulos, Kevin J Dawson, Thomas J Mitchell, Rob Osborne, Bachisio Ziccheddu, Cristiana Carniti, Vittorio Montefusco, Paolo Corradini, Kenneth C. Anderson, Philippe Moreau, Elli Papaemmanuil, Ludmil Alexandrov, Xose S Puente, Elias Campo, Reiner Siebert, Herve Avet-Loiseau, Nikhil C. Munshi, Peter J Campbell, Ola Landgren
Journal: Blood (2019)
Randomized phase II trial of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with modified FOLFIRINOX versus modified FOLFIRINOX and PD-1 antibody for borderline resectable and locally advanced pancreatic cancer (the CISPD-4 study).
Authors: Yiwen Chen, Chengxiang Guo, Xueli Bai, Shunliang Gao, Yan Shen, Min Zhang, Jian Wu, Risheng Que, Xiang Li, Tingbo Liang, Jian Wu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

562 Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is recommended for BRPC and LAPC planned resection. PD-1 antibody alone was failed in advanced pancreatic cancer, but chemotherapy combined with PD-1 antibody are promising. Methods: This is a randomized, controlled, open-label phase II study including patients with BRPC or LAPC. Modified FOLFIRINOX (mFFX) is used as neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients will be randomly allocated into two groups: mFFX group and mFFX plus PD-1 antibody group (PD-1 group). Imaging evaluation will be discussed by the MDT. Surgical resection will be performed if the MDT confirms the resectability. (NCT03983057). Results: From March 4, 2019 to August 1, 2021, 146 patients (62 BRPCs and 84 LAPCs) were enrolled. 115 patients received at least four cycles of therapy. In PD-1 group, irAEs happened in seven patients (9.7%), including rash (3 patients, Grade 1), hepatic AE (2 patients Grade 3, 1 patient Grade 2), renal AE (2 patients, Grade 2), and hyperglycemia (2 patients). Radiological PR were noted in 13.3% patients in mFFX group, and 26.9% in PD-1 group. For BRPC patients, the radiological PR was 13.0% and 36.3%, respectively. The resection rate was similar in two groups (47.4% and 51.7%). R0 resections were performed in 70.3% and 86.6% patients, respectively. For LAPC patients, PD-1 group has a higher resection rate (37.1% vs. 48.0%). The survival data are not mature at present. Conclusions: Modified FOLFIRINOX plus PD-1 antibody is feasible and well-tolerated for BRPC and LAPC patients. The study will be continued and the detailed data will be reported. Clinical trial information: NCT03983057.
Association of BMI With Benefit of Metformin Plus Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor–Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Patients With Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Oscar Arrieta, Zyanya Lucia Zatarain-Barrón, Jenny G. Turcott, Feliciano Barrón, Sai Yendamuri, Andrés F. Cardona, Rafael Rosell
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2022)

Association of BMI With Benefit of Metformin Plus Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor–Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Patients With Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Secondary Analysis of a Phase 2 Randomized Clinical Trial | Lung Cancer | JAMA Oncology | JAMA Network
Food in Health and Disease.
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Contents
Authors: P Burra, F Tacke, V Ratziu, S Zeuzem, B Sangro, P Angeli, P Newsome, M Palmer, B Freilich, M Sheikh, A Sheikh, H Sarles, R Herring, P Mantry, Z Kayali, T Hassanein, H.-M Lee, G Aithal, C Parisinos, H Wilman, E Thomas, M Kelly, R Nicholls, J Mcgonigle, S Neubauer, A Hingorani, R Patel, H Hemingway, J Bell, R Banerjee, H Yaghootkar, Y Vali, J Lee, J Boursier, R Spijker, J Löffler, J Verheij, M Brosnan, Z Böcskei, Q Anstee, P Bossuyt, M Zafarmand, Z Liu, Y Zhang, S Graham, X Wang, D Cai, M Huang, R Pique-Regi, X Dong, Y Chen, C Willer, W Liu, A Butt, P Yan, O Shaikh, V Lo, Re Iii, A.-B Abou-Samra, K Sherman, S Kusumoto, Y Tanaka, R Suzuki, T Watanabe, M Nakata, R Sakai, N Fukushima, T Fukushima, Y Moriuchi, K Itoh, K Nosaka, I Choi, M Sawa, R Okamoto, H Tsujimura, T Uchida, S Suzuki, M Okamoto, T Takahashi, I Sugiura, Y Onishi, M Kohri, S Yoshida, M Kojima, H Takahashi, A Tomita, Y Atsuta, D Maruyama, E Tanaka, T Suzuki, T Kinoshita, M Ogura, R Ueda, M Mizokami, D Boon, V Bruce, E Patel, J Quinn, A Srikrishnan, S Shanmugam, S Iqbal, P Balakrishnan, M Sievers, G Kirk, D Thomas, T Quinn, A Cox, K Page, S Solomon, S Mehta, O Laeyendecker, L Weichselbaum, A Azouz, K Smolen, J Das, M Splittgerber, A Lepida, C Moreno, J Schreiber, T Sersté, E Trepo, F Libert, T Gustot, S Goriely, R Montal, D Sia, C Montironi, W Leow, R Esteban-Fabró, R Pinyol, M Torres-Martin, L Bassaganyas, A Moeini, J Peix, L Cabellos, M Maeda, C Villacorta-Martin, P Tabrizian, L Rodriguez-Carunchio, G Castellano, C Sempoux, B Minguez, T Pawlik, I Labgaa, L Roberts, M Sole, M Fiel, S Thung, J Fuster, S Roayaie, A Villanueva, M Schwartz, J Llovet, J Carrillo-Reixach, L Torrens, M Simon-Coma, L Royo, M Domingo-Sàbat, J Abril-Fornaguera, N Akers, M Sala, S Ragull, M Arnal, N Villalmanzo, S Cairo, R Kappler, M Garrido, L Guerra, C Sábado, G Guillén, M Mallo, D Piñeyro, M Vázquez-Vitali, O Kuchuk, M Mateos, G Ramírez, M Santamaría, Y Mozo, A Soriano, M Grotzer, S Branchereau, N De Andoin, B López-Ibor, R López-Almaraz, J Salinas, B Torres, F Hernández, J Uriz, M Fabre, J Blanco, C Paris, V Baj Ciová, G Laureys, H Masnou, A Clos, C Belendez, C Guettier, L Sumoy, R Planas, M Jordà, L Nonell, P Czauderna, B Morland, B Losic, M Buendia, M Sarrias, C Armengol, A Cucchetti, M Serenari, C Sposito, S Sandro, C Mosconi, I Vicentin, E Garanzini, V Mazzaferro, L De Carlis, R Golfieri, C Spreafico, A Vanzulli, V Buscemi, M Ravaioli, G Ercolani, A Pinna, M Cescon, P Lewis, L Campana, N Aleksieva, J Cartwright, A Mackinnon, E O'duibhir, T Kendall, M Vermeren, A Thomson, V Gadd, B Dwyer, R Aird, T.-Y Man, A Rossi, L Forrester, B Park, S Forbes
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Cytogenetic risk classification maintains its prognostic significance in transplanted <i>FLT3‐ITD</i> mutated acute myeloid leukemia patients: On behalf of the <scp>acute leukemia working party</scp>/<scp>European society of blood and marrow transplantation</scp>
Authors: Arnon Nagler, Myriam Labopin, Charles Craddock, Gerard Socié, Ibrahim Yakoub‐Agha, Tobias Gedde‐Dahl, Riitta Niittyvuopio, Jennifer Louise Byrne, Jan J. Cornelissen, Hélène Labussière‐Wallet, William Arcese, Noel Milpied, Jordi Esteve, Jonathan Canaani, Mohamad Mohty
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2022)

FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) mutational status is a pivotal prognosticator in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients and significantly increases the risk of disease relapse. However, it remains unclear whether in FLT3-ITD patients referred for allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT), baseline cytogenetics significantly impacts clinical outcome. Using the European Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation registry, we performed a retrospective analysis of 1631 FLT3-ITD AML patients who underwent allo-SCT with the aim of determining the influence of cytogenetic risk category on patient outcomes. Median patient age was 49 years and median follow-up duration was 36 months. Two-year leukemia-free survival (LFS) and incidence of relapse were 54% and 31.6%, respectively. Non-relapse mortality was experienced by 14.4% with a 2-year overall survival (OS) of 60.1%. On multivariate analysis, LFS was significantly lower in patients with intermediate and adverse risk cytogenetics compared with those with favorable risk cytogenetics, (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06-2.06; p = .02), and (HR = 01.65, 95% CI, 1.13-2.40; p = .009), respectively. OS was significantly lower in patients with adverse risk cytogenetics compared with patients with favorable risk cytogenetics (HR = 1.74, 95% CI, 1.16-2.61; p = .008) with a trend toward lower OS in patients with intermediate risk cytogenetics compared to those with favorable risk cytogenetics (HR = 1.43, 95% CI, 1.00-2.05; p = .052). In addition, adverse risk patients and intermediate risk patients experienced higher relapse rates compared with favorable risk patients (HR = 1.83, 95% CI, 1.13-2.94; p = .013 and HR = 1.82, 95% CI, 1.19-2.77; p = .005). Overall, cytogenetic studies aid in refinement of risk stratification in transplanted FLT3-ITD AML patients.
Queries and Minor Notes
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Patients with inadequate coronary collateral support are resistant to angiogenic growth factors Pier D. Lambiase, Richard Edwards, Simon R. Redwood, Clifford A. Bucknall, Michael Webb-Peploe, Prodromos Anthopoulos, Jeremy D. Pearson, Michael S. Marber. St Thomas' Hospital, KCL, London, United Kingdom, Cardiovascular Biology, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, KCL, London, United Kingdom
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
A novel form of focal atrial tachycardia arising from the tricuspid valve annulus: A new ring of fire? Sei Iwai, Steven M. Markowitz, Kenneth M. Stein, Suneet Mittal, David J. Slotwiner, Mithilesh K. Das, Bruce B. Lerman. Cornell University Medical Center, New York, NY
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Acta Clinica Belgica, Brussels
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal