tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PARASITIC INFECTIONS IN CHINA
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical Radiology, London
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
OPTIC ATROPHY
Authors: R. E. Wright
Journal: BMJ (1923)

OPTIC ATROPHY.[ TIM tmS or absence of the mesentery; itdoes not,-however, account -or those specimens whiclh show mere narrowing, but no suggestion. of torsion, and no disturbance of an orderly vascular arrangement.It can only.play an occasional part in the formation of intestinal abniormalities.. (d) Intuesusception was undoubtedly present in the constricted portions found in the cases examined by Braun and Chiari,'8 but again the normal anatomical arrangement of the vessels present in many cases of simple narrowing is against this as a universal cause.In considering the recorded cases of conaenital stricture of the ileo-jejunal segment two points are, striking: First, that the segment may be affected in any part of its length by single or multiple constrictions, which, when considered as gross anatomical lesions, resemble one another closely, and in their difference in degree tend to form definite steps in a series.Secondlv, that these apparently similar conditions have been credited with widely divergent origins.The causes given above in the mechanical group do not apparently occur sufficiently often to disprove the possibility of their being associated lesions-secondary -developments in portions of gut already-malformed.It is difficult, therefore, to avoid the conclusion that there is some common primary etiological cause underlying all these lesions.The two factors that would appear to account for the majoritv of these cases are: deficient evolution of the intestin7al tract and excessive involution of the vitelline duct, but the details of tllo processes underlying these departures from the normal are at present little understood.
Abstract 17048: Dederivation and Validation of a Simple Heart Risk Score in 608,544 Thai Adults: HCUR Study
Authors: Parinya Chamnan, Weera Mahawanakul, Prasert Boongird, Wannee Nitiyanant, Wichai Aekplakorn
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Most heart risk prediction equations were developed in Western populations. These risk scores are likely to perform less well in Asian populations, who have different background risk. Hypothesis: This study aimed to develop and validate a new risk algorithm for estimating 5-year risk of developing coronary heart disease (CHD) in a large retrospective cohort of Thai general population. Methods: This retrospective cohort was derived from the linkage of 2006 health checks data with diagnostic information from electronic health records of 608,544 men and women aged 20 years and above residing in Ubon Ratchathani. It was randomly and evenly divided into the derivation and validation cohorts. An outcome of interest was first recorded diagnosis of CHD over a period of 6 years between January 2006 and December 2012. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate effects of risk factors on CHD risk and to derive a risk equation in the derivation cohort. Measures of discrimination, global model fits and calibration were calculated in the validation cohort. Results: The derivation cohort comprised of 304,272 individuals, who contributed 1,757,369 person-years of follow-up and 1,272 incident cases of CHD, while the validation cohort comprised of 304,272 individuals (1,757,312 person-years), with 1,290 incident cases of stroke. The risk equation was 0.0580 x Age (years) + 0.5739 x Sex (Male=1) + 0.3850 x Hypertension (present=1) + 0.7080 x Diabetes (present=1) + 0.0386 x Body mass index (kg/m 2 ) + 0.2117 x Central obesity (present=1) - 0.1389 (if exercise 1-2 days/week) or -0.3975 (if exercise 3-5 days/week) or - 0.5598 (if exercise &gt;5 days/week). The stroke risk equation had a reasonably good discriminatory ability in the validation cohort with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.790 (95%CI 0.779-0.801). The risk equation had good global model fit as measured by Bayesian information criteria. The Gronnesby and Borgan test showed good calibration, with chi-square statistic of 809.45 (p&lt;0.001). Conclusions: This simple heart risk score is the first risk algorithm to estimate the 5-year risk of CHD in a Thai general population. The risk score does not need laboratory tests and can therefore be used in clinical settings and by the public.
Herpes Gestationis
Authors: D. M. Mitchell, J. D. Jessop
Journal: BMJ (1964)

Bmnm 1425 the exception of one which was carried out at 16 weeks and proved positive.A further 183 conversions can thus be added to the original 10,893, making a total of 11,076.The corrected conversion rate is therefore 98.9%.The relation of this corrected conversion rate to the size of the papule at the site of vaccination was then studied.The results, which are given in Table II, show that conversion occurred in all except 0.7% of those with any local reaction, but in only about half of those with no local reaction.TABLE II.-Relationship of the Vaccination Reaction to Conversion Vaccination Reaction No. of Positive Reactors Group (Width of Indurated Vaccina-Papule in mm.) tions No.
A CARDIOVALVULOTOME
Authors: Claude S. Beck, Elliott C. Cutler
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1924)

1. A study of the fibrosed and often calcareous condition present in the mitral orifice in cases of chronic stenosing rheumatic disease demonstrated that a powerful instrument must be developed if we are to apply surgical relief in the treatment of the disease. 2. An instrument (cardiovalvulotome) is described which actually excises a segment from the mitral orifice and removes this from the blood stream. 3. The efficacy of the instrument has been tested by its use on the stenotic valves of diseased hearts removed at autopsy. Its feasibility has been shown by operations both upon animals and in a single human case.
Erratum: Blockade of interleukin 6 trans signaling suppresses T-cell resistance against apoptosis in chronic intestinal inflammation: Evidence in Crohn disease and experimental colitis in vivo
Authors: R Atreya, J Mudter, S Finotto, J Müllberg, T Jostock, S Wirtz, M Schütz, B Bartsch, M Holtmann, C Becker, D Strand, J Czaja, J F Schlaak, H A Lehr, F Autschbach, G Schürmann, N Nishimoto, K Yoshizaki, H Ito, T Kishimoto, P R Galle, S Rose-John, M F Neurath
Journal: Nature Medicine (2010)
FAVORABLE NEOINTIMAL COVERAGE IN EVEROLIMUS-ELUTING STENT AT 9 MONTH AFTER STENT IMPLANTATION: COMPARISON WITH SIROLIMUS-ELUTING STENT USING OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: Hyun-Hee Choi, Jung-Sun Kim, Young-Guk Ko, Donghoon Choi, Myeong-Ki Hong, Yangsoo Jang, Won-Heum Sim, Seung-Yun Cho
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Cigarette Smoking Among Adults—United States, 2001
Journal: JAMA (2003)

One of the national health objectives for 2010 is to reduce the prevalence of cigarette smoking among adults to > or =12% (objective 7-1a). To assess progress toward achieving this objective, CDC analyzed data from the 2006 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicated that in 2006, approximately 20.8% of U.S. adults were current cigarette smokers. This prevalence had not changed significantly since 2004, suggesting a stall in the previous 7-year (1997-2004) decline in cigarette smoking among adults in the United States. In addition, the findings indicated that persons with a diagnosis of a smoking-related chronic disease have a significantly higher prevalence of being a current smoker than persons with other chronic diseases or persons with no chronic disease. To reduce smoking prevalence further in the United States, comprehensive, evidence-based approaches for preventing smoking initiation and increasing cessation, including clinical interventions for populations at high risk, need to be fully implemented.
Anorexia nervosa.
Authors: M Brincat, V Parsons, J Studd
Journal: BMJ (1983)

ance/withdrawal, assertive non-violent behaviour, unilateral initiative inviting reciprocation.That last has been known for some little time, perhaps vulgarly but certainly more succinctly, as turning the other cheek; or, more succinctly again, as love.I commend the monosyllable and its reality to the distinguished signatories of the long statement against nuclear war (same issue, p 986) to which you give space.We have heard it all before, and shall hear it all again.It is not a wringing of hands we need.As Dr West indicates, we can all do that.We need more holding of those of other people.We need to point the finger, not at our states- men, but at ourselves.We need, not talk of it or of its suprapolitical surrogates, but love itself: the giving and the receiving of it in joy and in awe at our common glorious and terrible humanity.Else there will soon be no more taking, or giving, or receiving.
PROTEIN FEEDING IN TUBERCULOSIS
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Fluticasone Propionate Orally Disintegrating Tablet (APT-1011) for Eosinophilic Esophagitis: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Evan S. Dellon, Alfredo J. Lucendo, Christoph Schlag, Alain M. Schoepfer, Gary W. Falk, Gina Eagle, James Nezamis, Gail M. Comer, Karol Knoop, Ikuo Hirano
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2022)

Topical steroids are effective treatments for eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). The FLUTE (Fluticasone in EoE) trial evaluated safety and efficacy of APT-1011 (fluticasone propionate oral disintegrating tablet) vs placebo for treatment of EoE.In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-finding, phase 2b trial, 106 adults with EoE received 1 of 4 APT-1011 doses or placebo for a 12-week induction period and 40 weeks of maintenance. Primary outcome was histologic response (≤6 eosinophils per high-power field) at Week 12. Secondary outcomes included endoscopic features and dysphagia frequency.Histologic response rates were 0% for placebo, 80% for APT-1011 3 mg twice daily (BID), 67% for 3 mg at bedtime (HS), 86% for 1.5 mg BID, 48% for 1.5 mg HS (P &lt; .001 for all groups vs placebo). At Week 12, mean Edema/Rings/Exudates/Furrows/Strictures (EoE Endoscopic Reference Score) total score (max, 9.0) improved from 4.5 to 2.3 for 3 mg BID, 5.3 to 2.1 for 3 mg HS, 4.6 to 1.7 for 1.5 mg BID, 5.3 to 2.9 for 1.5 mg HS vs 5.2 to 4.5 for placebo. Mean dysphagia frequency over 14 days improved from baseline to Week 12 with all active groups improving more than placebo. Improvements were sustained to Week 52. APT-1011 was safe and well-tolerated, with higher incidence of candidiasis noted at the higher twice daily doses.APT-1011 dosing regimens were superior for histologic and endoscopic responses, and for reduction in dysphagia frequency vs placebo. Based on the symptom improvement and assessment of adverse events together with the histologic response rate, 3 mg once daily at bedtime dose showed the most favorable risk-benefit profile.gov, Number: NCT03191864.
Advancing digital health applications: priorities for innovation in real-world evidence generation
Authors: Ariel D Stern, Jan Brönneke, Jörg F Debatin, Julia Hagen, Henrik Matthies, Smit Patel, Ieuan Clay, Bjoern Eskofier, Annika Herr, Kurt Hoeller, Ashley Jaksa, Daniel B Kramer, Mattias Kyhlstedt, Katherine T Lofgren, Nirosha Mahendraratnam, Holger Muehlan, Simon Reif, Lars Riedemann, Jennifer C Goldsack
Journal: The Lancet Digital Health (2022)

In 2019, Germany passed the Digital Healthcare Act, which, among other things, created a "Fast-Track" regulatory and reimbursement pathway for digital health applications in the German market. The pathway explicitly provides for flexibility in how researchers can present evidence for new digital products, including the use of real-world data and real-world evidence. Against this backdrop, the Digital Medicine Society and the Health Innovation Hub of the German Federal Ministry of Health convened a set of roundtable discussions to bring together international experts in evidence generation for digital medicine products. This Viewpoint highlights findings from these discussions with the aims of (1) accelerating and stimulating innovative approaches to digital medical product evaluation, and (2) promoting international harmonisation of best evidentiary practices. Advancing these topics and fostering international agreement on evaluation approaches will be vital to the safe, effective, and evidence-based deployment and acceptance of digital health applications globally.
Efficacy and safety of nivolumab plus ipilimumab (N+I) versus sunitinib (S) for first-line treatment of patients with advanced sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma (sRCC) in the phase 3 CheckMate 214 trial with extended 5-year minimum follow-up.
Authors: Nizar M. Tannir, Sabina Signoretti, Toni K. Choueiri, David F. McDermott, Robert J. Motzer, Saby George, Thomas Powles, Frede Donskov, Scott S. Tykodi, Sumanta K. Pal, Saurabh Gupta, Chung-Wei Lee, M. Brent McHenry, Brian I. Rini
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

352 Background: sRCC is an aggressive histologic growth pattern in RCC with a poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. First-line N+I provided efficacy benefits over S in patients (pts) with sRCC and intermediate/poor (I/P)-risk disease at 42 months follow-up. Here, we report an exploratory post hoc analysis of N+I vs S in pts with I/P-risk and sRCC with long-term follow-up of 5 years. Methods: Pts with clear cell advanced RCC were randomized 1:1 to N 3 mg/kg plus I 1 mg/kg every 3 weeks × 4, then N 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks vs S 50 mg once daily (4 weeks; 6-week cycles). Pts with sRCC were identified via independent central pathology review of archival tumor tissue or histological classification per local pathology. Outcomes in pts with sRCC were not prespecified. Endpoints in pts with sRCC and IMDC I/P risk included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) per independent radiology review, and objective response rate (ORR) per RECIST v1.1. Outcomes were also assessed per baseline tumor PD-L1 expression level (≥1% vs &lt;1%). Safety outcomes used descriptive statistics. Results: Of 1096 randomized pts in CheckMate 214, 139 I/P-risk pts with sRCC were identified (N+I, n = 74; S, n = 65). Of all treated pts, 9 of 73 (12%) in the N+I arm vs zero of 65 in the S arm remained on treatment. The primary reason for discontinuation was disease progression (N+I, 37%; S, 71%). OS continued to favor N+I vs S (HR 0.46 [95% CI 0.29–0.71]; P = 0.0004; table). PFS benefit with N+I vs S was similarly maintained (HR 0.50 [95% CI 0.32–0.80; P = 0.0036]). Additionally, ORR was higher (61% vs 23%; P &lt; 0.0001), median duration of response was longer (NR vs 25 months), and more pts had complete responses (23% vs 6%) with N+I vs S, respectively. Efficacy was better with N+I vs S regardless of PD-L1 expression, yet the degree of OS, PFS, and ORR benefits with N+I was greater for pts with PD-L1 ≥ 1% (Table). No new safety signals emerged in either arm. Conclusions: N+I showed clinically meaningful benefits in long-term OS, PFS, and the frequency and depth of response vs S in previously untreated pts with sRCC and I/P-risk disease, supporting N+I as a preferred first-line therapy in this population. Clinical trial information: NCT02231749. [Table: see text]
Sacituzumab govitecan (SG) plus enfortumab vedotin (EV) for metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC) progressing on platinum-based chemotherapy and PD1/L1 inhibitors (ICB): Double antibody drug conjugate (DAD) phase I trial.
Authors: Bradley Alexander McGregor, Lucia Kwak, Charlene Mantia, Arvind Ravi, Jacob E Berchuck, Praful Ravi, Wenxin Xu, Martha Tuff, Joaquim Bellmunt, Xin Gao, Rajitha Sunkara, Guru P. Sonpavde
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

TPS588 Background: There have been multiple advances in therapy of advanced urothelial carcinoma following platinum and ICB; SG and EV are both FDA approved in this space though durations of response are short and overall survival limited at &lt; 13 months. Given different mechanisms of action, non-overlapping toxicities and potential for synergy, EV and SG is hypothesized to have manageable toxicities and demonstrate additive anti-tumor activity. Methods: NCT04724018 is a single-center (Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center), open-label, non-randomized phase I trial using a Bayesian Optimal Interval design. SG and EV agents are administered intravenously (IV) on days 1 and 8 every 3 weeks (1 cycle) until progression or intolerable toxicities. Laboratory evaluation is performed on days 1 and 8 every cycle with additional blood collected throughout treatment for pharmacokinetic and antidrug antibody studies. Imaging is performed at baseline and every 6 weeks for the first 4 cycles followed by every 9 weeks thereafter. Up to 4 dose levels of the combination of SG and EV are studied with a starting dose of SG of 8 mg/kg and EV of 1 mg/kg (dose level 1) with additional dose escalations outlined in table. Dose de-escalation of SG to 6 mg/kg with the starting dose of EV 1 mg/kg (dose level -1) is permitted. A total of 3 to 18 patients are expected to be enrolled in current dose level depending on dose limiting toxicities (DLTs). DLT is assessed during cycle 1 of therapy and toxicities are captured up to 4 weeks after the last dose of therapy and being defined by ≥1 of the following: neutropenic fever, thrombocytopenic bleeding, grade 3 neuropathy, of any duration and any other grade ≥3 non-hematologic toxicity to include hyperglycemia (except alopecia) lasting &gt;1 week or requiring &gt;3 weeks interruption of therapy or dose reduction. The first patient per 3-patient cohort is required to complete 1 full cycle (3 weeks) before additional patients can be enrolled in that cohort. Therefore, up to 24 patients may be accrued. Trial continues to enroll at dose level one. Clinical trial information: NCT04724018. [Table: see text]
SEBORRHOEIC DERMATITIS
Authors: G. H. Percival
Journal: BMJ (1936)

JBOtUn"L hypophysis have no influence whatever on the blood pressure, since both states of hyperfunction and of hypo- function of the anterior and the posterior lobes have no connexion with uniform changes in blood pressure.The variations of pressure observed in our tables are merely the normal changes observed in any other group of patients, and are clearly due to causes which have nothing to do with lesions of the hypophysis.It will be observed that the higher pressures, in each of the diseases under study, generally correspond to older patients.The pressures for the average age coincide exactly with the average figures for that age, independently of the disease.In addition, with a few exceptions the highest pressures in isolated cases are partially explained by the con- currence of hypertensive vascular lesions (especially aortitis).As stated, these statistics do not include the basophil adenoma of the hypophysis, which is generally accompanied by a high blood pressure.Our personal opinion, and that of other authors, that this high pressure is not due to any hypophysary change but to the concurrent hyperplastic lesion of the suprarenal glands, is thus con- firmed by the data given, which appear to prove that hypophysary incretions have nothing to do with the regulation of the blood pressure.
Infantile gastroenteritis.
Authors: R Wigglesworth
Journal: BMJ (1970)

I have never been an enthusiastic advocate of immunofluorescence in the gen- eral diagnosis of virus disease,' but it may encourage those who have struggled to iden- tify virus antigen in smears of inflamed tis- sue or deposits of degenerating cells to know that the identification and titration of specific antibody by straining a known virus antigen is an easier and a much more exact technique.The identification of IgM and other components is a new and significant factor.The man without means to buy a high- speed centrifuge or one without skill in gradient-centrifugation should try fluorescent antibody.I predict that a clean preparation of rubella-infected cells, specific antisera to human immunoglobulins from Wellcome Reagents Ltd., an inexpensive, but efficient Reichert Fluorpan microscope, and patients' sera will provide a rapid, reliable, and beautiful test which will give the ultra-centrifuge a run for its money now, and will replace it quite soon.-Iam, etc.,