tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Insights into the uniquely human origins of understanding other minds
Authors: Tobias Grossmann, Kenn Lacsamana Dela Cruz
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2021)

Abstract We summarize research and theory to show that, from early in human ontogeny, much information about other minds can be gleaned from reading the eyes. This analysis suggests that eyes serve as uniquely human windows into other minds, which critically extends the target article by drawing attention to what might be considered the neurodevelopmental origins of knowledge attribution in humans.
We need to be braver about the generalizability crisis
Authors: Todd S Braver, Sanford L Braver
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2022)

Abstract We applaud the effort to draw attention to generalizability concerns in twenty-first-century psychological research. Yet we do not feel that a pessimistic perspective is warranted. We outline a continuum of available methodological tools and perspectives, including incremental steps and meta-analytic approaches that can be readily and easily deployed by researchers to advance generalizability claims in a forward-looking manner.
Comparison of mortality in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes by age of diagnosis: an incident population-based study in England and Wales
Authors: Naomi Holman, Sarah H Wild, Edward W Gregg, Jonathan Valabhji, Naveed Sattar, Kamlesh Khunti, Naomi Holman, Sarah H Wild, Edward W Gregg, Peter Knighton, Jackie O'Keefe, Kiran Patel, Wasim Hanif, Vinod Patel, Jonathan Valabhji, Bob Young, Naveed Sattar, Kamlesh Khunti
Journal: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2021)
It’s OK to Share!
Authors: Margaret Tempero
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2022)

It's OK to Share! T wo things happened to me this week that made me stop, pause, and reflect.Frankly, I don't do that enough.The first event happened during the weekly conference I have with my nursing team.This conference always occurs on Monday, so we usually first detail the previous weekend's activities, eager to hear who had the best adventure.Then we run through a litany of issues with patients: updates, problem-solving, those sorts of things.And then we rush from the meeting, because while we were talking, other issues that need our attention started piling up!However, this week one of the nurses asked if she could share something that was bothering her.She explained that a patient's recent death was really taking a toll on her.This reaction was unusual for our team; most of our patients are terminal and, although every death brings sadness, we can usually march on.What was even more unusual was that this patient was a very difficult one.She had many demands and unusual fears, and her nurse dreaded every call.Still, the nurse always took the call and never lost her patience with this patient, so perhaps over time, the nurse developed strong empathy with this tortured soul.At any rate, we took the time to provide solace and reassurance that she did everything possible to make this patient's journey as comfortable as possible.The second event occurred during a scientific lecture about pancreatic cancer.The lecturer was from Europe, and Russia had just invaded Ukraine.At the end of his lecture, he showed touching pictures of bombed buildings, masked children in shelters, and people on the street in pain and disbelief.He prefaced showing these photos with the comment that perhaps this was not appropriate for this presentation, but he felt that we could not ignore what was happening in the world.This was his way of honoring the Ukrainian people and calling attention to this depraved situation.He left the audience a bit speechless, I admit.Afterward, I thanked him for sharing his concerns and said that in doing so, I know he helped us more firmly register ours.Both of these events speak to the importance of not holding back.When we carry a burden, it helps to open up and talk it through with someone we can trust.Many of us were raised to "grin and bear it."We were taught that handling difficult things on our own was a strength, but maybe that wasn't such good advice.Maybe that's why mental health issues and substance abuse permeate our society.Being physically apart during much of the past 2 years has interfered with our opportunities to share.Now that most of us can mingle again, let's take every chance we get to find out how our friends are really doing, and just as importantly, share our concerns with them.I know it helps.
Critical Comparison of Documents From Scientific Societies on Cardiac Amyloidosis
Authors: Claudio Rapezzi, Alberto Aimo, Matteo Serenelli, Andrea Barison, Giuseppe Vergaro, Claudio Passino, Giorgia Panichella, Gianfranco Sinagra, Marco Merlo, Marianna Fontana, Julian Gillmore, Candida Cristina Quarta, Mathew S. Maurer, Michelle M. Kittleson, Pablo Garcia-Pavia, Michele Emdin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
EpiPanGI Dx: A Cell-free DNA Methylation Fingerprint for the Early Detection of Gastrointestinal Cancers
Authors: Raju Kandimalla, Jianfeng Xu, Alexander Link, Takatoshi Matsuyama, Kensuke Yamamura, M. Iqbal Parker, Hiroyuki Uetake, Francesc Balaguer, Erkut Borazanci, Susan Tsai, Douglas Evans, Stephen J. Meltzer, Hideo Baba, Randall Brand, Daniel Von Hoff, Wei Li, Ajay Goel
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

DNA methylation alterations have emerged as front-runners in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) biomarker development. However, much effort to date has focused on single cancers. In this context, gastrointestinal (GI) cancers constitute the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide; yet there is no blood-based assay for the early detection and population screening of GI cancers.Herein, we performed a genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of multiple GI cancers to develop a pan-GI diagnostic assay. By analyzing DNA methylation data from 1,781 tumor and adjacent normal tissues, we first identified differentially methylated regions (DMR) between individual GI cancers and adjacent normal, as well as across GI cancers. We next prioritized a list of 67,832 tissue DMRs by incorporating all significant DMRs across various GI cancers to design a custom, targeted bisulfite sequencing platform. We subsequently validated these tissue-specific DMRs in 300 cfDNA specimens and applied machine learning algorithms to develop three distinct categories of DMR panels RESULTS: We identified three distinct DMR panels: (i) cancer-specific biomarker panels with AUC values of 0.98 (colorectal cancer), 0.98 (hepatocellular carcinoma), 0.94 (esophageal squamous cell carcinoma), 0.90 (gastric cancer), 0.90 (esophageal adenocarcinoma), and 0.85 (pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma); (ii) a pan-GI panel that detected all GI cancers with an AUC of 0.88; and (iii) a multi-cancer (tissue of origin) prediction panel, EpiPanGI Dx, with a prediction accuracy of 0.85-0.95 for most GI cancers.Using a novel biomarker discovery approach, we provide the first evidence for a cfDNA methylation assay that offers robust diagnostic accuracy for GI cancers.
Role of B Cells in Responses to Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapy and Overall Survival of Cancer Patients
Authors: Sangwoo S. Kim, Whitney A. Sumner, Sayuri Miyauchi, Ezra E.W. Cohen, Joseph A. Califano, Andrew B. Sharabi
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

The role of B cells in the tumor microenvironment and B-cell-mediated antitumor immune responses remains relatively understudied. Recent seminal studies have discovered that B cells and associated tertiary lymphoid structures correlate with responses to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy and are prognostic for overall survival of cancer patients. B-cell subsets have remarkable functional diversity and include professional antigen-presenting cells, regulatory cells, memory populations, and antibody-producing plasma cells. Importantly, secreted antibodies can independently activate innate immune responses and induce the cancer immunity cycle. Thus, B cells and B-cell-mediated antibody responses comprise the largely underappreciated second arm of the adaptive immune system and certainly deserve further attention in the field of oncology. Here, we review the known functions of B cells in the tumor microenvironment, the contribution of B cells to the antitumor activity of immunotherapies, and the role of B cells in the overall survival of cancer patients.
18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor–Related “Retroperitoneal Panniculitis”
Authors: Fabio Minutoli, Silvana Parisi, Riccardo Laudicella, Stefano Pergolizzi, Sergio Baldari
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

Abstract A 71-year-old woman was operated on for undifferentiated lung adenocarcinoma. Four months after surgery, she developed bone and adrenal metastases. She underwent palliative radiation therapy of left scapula and right iliac bone. Thereafter, she started immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy with anti–PD-1 antibodies achieving complete tumor response. Twenty months later, a follow-up 18 F-FDG PET/CT confirmed tumor response and revealed high radiotracer accumulation in correspondence of retroperitoneal and subcutaneous fat opacities. The contiguous fasciae were mildly thickened. The temporal relation with ICI therapy together with tumor response and corticosteroids therapy effectiveness led to conclude for ICI-related adverse events.
The Call: In Vivo
Authors: Kimberly R. Myers
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

On Being a PatientJanuary 2022The Call: In VivoKimberly R. Myers, MA, PhDKimberly R. Myers, MA, PhDPenn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PennsylvaniaSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M21-3845 Audio Reading - “The Call: In Vivo” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads “The Call: In Vivo” by Kimberly R. Myers, MA, PhD Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail I'm sitting here on Thursday at 5:03 p.m., the day major test results are due back. People wait for major test results every day. Mine just happen to be about breast cancer. Oncotype results will indicate the type and stage of my cancer and therefore mostly determine whether I will be advised to have chemotherapy. More than that, these results will signal my fate.I'm already committed to a bilateral mastectomy. Happily so. In fact, if they would do it tomorrow, I'd say, “Yes!” with a vigorous thumbs-up. I've feared for years that I would one day have breast cancer ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PennsylvaniaCorresponding Author: Kimberly R. Myers, MA, PhD, Penn State College of Medicine, Department of Humanities, H134, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033; e-mail, [email protected]psu.edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “The Call: In Vivo” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads “The Call: In Vivo” by Kimberly R. Myers, MA, PhD Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics January 2022Volume 175, Issue 1Page: 139-140 ePublished: 18 January 2022 Issue Published: January 2022 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2022 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 10922: Depression and Heart Rate Variability in Individuals with Heart Failure - Results from the Myovasc Study
Authors: Jasmin Ghaemi Kerahrodi, Juergen Prochaska, Gregor Buch, Silav Zeid, Katrin Coboeken, David Velmeden, Jakob Soehne, Alexander Schuch, Manfred E. Beutel, Thomas Muenzel, Tomaso Gori, Philipp Wild, Matthias Michal
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: Depression and cardiovascular disease represent two of the most common causes of disability and mortality. In patients with heart failure (HF), depressive symptoms are related to worse outcomes. Reduced heart rate variability (HRV), as a marker for cardiac autonomic dysfunction, is proposed to mediate the relation between depressive symptoms and cardiovascular health. Hypothesis: This explorative study aims to identify HRV parameters that are related to the somatic-affective and cognitive-affective dimension of depression in subjects with HF, separatly for HF with reduced (HFrEF; EF &lt; 50 %) and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF; EF &gt; 50%). Methods: We examined the association between depressiveness as assessed by the Patient-Health-Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and HRV parameters from 24h-Holter ECG recording in the MyoVasc study (NCT04064450; N=3,289), a prospective cohort study on chronic HF. HRV parameters related to PHQ-9 have been selected via elastic net regression. Multivariable linear regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, established cardiovascular risk factors, comorbidities, medication and NTpro-BNP has been performed. Results: In the analysis sample (HRV analysis in N=1,001), 29.8% had mild depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 = 5-9) and 10.2% had major depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥ 10). Elastic net selected 10 HRV parameters. The severity of depression according to PHQ-9 sum scores correlated with triangular index (HRVi) (coefficient estimate (β)) = -0.02, 95% CI: -0.04, -0.006, p = 0.01), acceleration capacity (β = 0.021, 95% CI: 0.004, -0.04, p = 0.02), deceleration capacity (β = -0.02, 95% CI: -0.04, -0.003, p = 0.02), IRRR (β = -0.02, 95% CI: -0.04, -0.003, p = 0.02), SDANN (β = -0.02, 95% CI: -0.04, -0.004, p=0.02) and ULF (β = -0.03, 95% CI: -0.05, -0.01, p = 0.002). Cognitive dimension of depression correlated with HRVi in subjects with HFrEF (β = -0.08, 95% CI: -0.15, -0.008, p = 0.03). Somatic dimension of depression correlated with acceleration capacity in HFpEF (β = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.0025, 0.11, p = 0.04). Conclusions: HRV parameters were consistently more reduced in individuals with more depressive symptoms. Interestingly, HRV parameters differ regarding the cognitive and somatic dimension of depression in individuals with HF.
Strainline: full-length de novo viral haplotype reconstruction from noisy long reads
Authors: Xiao Luo, Xiongbin Kang, Alexander Schönhuth
Journal: Genome biology (2022)

Abstract Haplotype-resolved de novo assembly of highly diverse virus genomes is critical in prevention, control and treatment of viral diseases. Current methods either can handle only relatively accurate short read data, or collapse haplotype-specific variations into consensus sequence. Here, we present Strainline, a novel approach to assemble viral haplotypes from noisy long reads without a reference genome. Strainline is the first approach to provide strain-resolved, full-length de novo assemblies of viral quasispecies from noisy third-generation sequencing data. Benchmarking on simulated and real datasets of varying complexity and diversity confirm this novelty and demonstrate the superiority of Strainline.
53P Second-line treatment in advanced non-squamous (NS) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients in Spain, analyzed in the Thoracic Tumor Registry (RTT)
Authors: E. Carcereny Costa, A. Collazo Lorduy, M. Cobo Dols, D. Rodriguez Abreu, R. Bernabé Caro, R. Lopez Castro, B. Massuti Sureda, E. del Barco, M. Guirado, J. Bosch-Barrera, J.L. Gonzalez-Larriba, A. Sanchez Hernandez, O.J. Juan Vidal, J.M. Oramas Rodriguez, J. Mosquera Martinez, A.L.O. Ortega Granados, A. Padilla, M.T. Moran Bueno, A. Cantero, M. Provencio Pulla
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2022)
Vaccination patterns, disparities, and policy among Asian-Americans and Asians living in the USA
Authors: Armaan Jamal, Ryan Wang, Ziqing Wang, Shozen Dan, Malathi Srinivasan, Gloria Kim, Latha Palaniappan, Jaiveer Singh, Shanthi Kappagoda
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2022)

BackgroundAlthough Asian-American individuals have higher rates of some vaccine-preventable diseases such as hepatitis B, vaccination rates among them are low compared with those of non-Hispanic White individuals. Most vaccine research looks at Asian-American people as a single category despite large within-group heterogeneity in health-seeking behaviours. Little is known about vaccination coverage among disaggregated Asian-American ethnic subgroups, although such information could inform policies focused on increasing vaccine uptake. Therefore, we aimed to assess vaccination coverage for several vaccines among disaggregated Asian-American subgroups.MethodsWe examined National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data from 2015–18 to analyse the vaccination status of Chinese, Asian Indian, Filipino, other Asian, and non-Hispanic White adults (n=253 626) for seven vaccines recommended by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B (HBV), influenza, tetanus, tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis (Tdap), shingles, and the pneumococcal vaccine. We used NHIS data from 2006–18 (n=880 210) to analyse changes in vaccination rates for each ethnic group over time. We used logistic regression to estimate differences in vaccination rates while controlling for demographic, socioeconomic and health-related variables.FindingsAmong the seven vaccines, HPV and shingles vaccines had the lowest uptake, whereas Tdap had the highest uptake among all groups. Compared with the non-Hispanic White group, Asian Indians were almost half as likely to receive the HPV vaccine (odds ratio 0·61, 95% CI 0·41–0·92), whereas Filipinos (1·51, 1·02–2·25) and other Asians (1·42, 1·02–1·97) were more likely to receive it. The Filipino (1·50, 1·21–1·88) and other Asian groups (1·42, 1·19–1·71) were more likely to receive the HBV vaccine than the non-Hispanic White group. For the influenza vaccine, the Asian Indian (1·28, 1·05–1·56), Filipino (1·44, 1·17–1·79) and other Asian (1·38, 1·16–1·65) groups were more likely to receive the vaccine than the non-Hispanic White group. For the pneumococcal vaccine, the Chinese (0·57, 0·34–0·94) and other Asian (0·66, 0·47–0·92) groups were less likely to receive the vaccine than the non-Hispanic White group.InterpretationAmong US adults, we found significant disparities in vaccine uptake among different Asian and Asian-American ethnic groups. US policy makers trying to improve vaccine uptake among Asian and Asian-American people could learn from successful international immunisation programmes to develop culturally appropriate interventions to improve vaccine uptake in Asian and Asian-American individuals.FundingNone.
Comparative Genomics Reveals Evolutionary Drivers of Sessile Life and Left-Right Shell Asymmetry in Bivalves
Authors: Yang Zhang, Fan Mao, Shu Xiao, Haiyan Yu, Zhiming Xiang, Fei Xu, Jun Li, Lili Wang, Yuanyan Xiong, Mengqiu Chen, Yongbo Bao, Yuewen Deng, Quan Huo, Lvping Zhang, Wenguang Liu, Xuming Li, Haitao Ma, Yuehuan Zhang, Xiyu Mu, Min Liu, Hongkun Zheng, Nai-Kei Wong, Ziniu Yu
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2022)

Abstract Bivalves are species-rich mollusks with prominent protective roles in coastal ecosystems. Across these ancient lineages, colony-founding larvae anchor themselves either by byssus production or by cemented attachment. The latter mode of sessile life is strongly molded by left-right shell asymmetry during larval development of Ostreoida oysters such as Crassostrea hongkongensis. Here, we sequenced the genome of C. hongkongensis in high resolution and compared it to reference bivalve genomes to unveil genomic determinants driving cemented attachment and shell asymmetry. Importantly, loss of the homeobox gene Antennapedia (Antp) and broad expansion of lineage-specific extracellular gene families are implicated in a shift from byssal to cemented attachment in bivalves. Comparative transcriptomic analysis shows a conspicuous divergence between left-right asymmetrical C. hongkongensis and symmetrical Pinctada fucata in their expression profiles. Especially, a couple of orthologous transcription factor genes and lineage-specific shell-related gene families including that encoding tyrosinases are elevated, and may cooperatively govern asymmetrical shell formation in Ostreoida oysters.
Lysosomal exocytosis of HSP70 stimulates monocytic BMP6 expression in Sjögren’s syndrome
Authors: Ying-Qian Mo, Hiroyuki Nakamura, Tsutomu Tanaka, Toshio Odani, Paola Perez, Youngmi Ji, Benjamin N. French, Thomas J.F. Pranzatelli, Drew G. Michael, Hongen Yin, Susan S. Chow, Maryam Khalaj, Sandra A. Afione, Changyu Zheng, Fabiola Reis Oliveira, Ana Carolina F. Motta, Alfredo Ribeiro-Silva, Eduardo M. Rocha, Cuong Q. Nguyen, Masayuki Noguchi, Tatsuya Atsumi, Blake M. Warner, John A. Chiorini
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2022)

BMP6 is a central cytokine in the induction of Sjögren's syndrome–associated (SS-associated) secretory hypofunction. However, the upstream initiation leading to the production of this cytokine in SS is unknown. In this study, RNA ISH on salivary gland sections taken from patients with SS indicated monocytic lineage cells as a cellular source of BMP6. RNA-Seq data on human salivary glands suggested that TLR4 signaling was an upstream regulator of BMP6, which was confirmed by in vitro cell assays and single-cell transcriptomics of human PBMCs. Further investigation showed that HSP70 was an endogenous natural TLR4 ligand that stimulated BMP6 expression in SS. Release of HSP70 from epithelial cells could be triggered by overexpression of lysosome-associated membrane protein 3 (LAMP3), a protein also associated with SS in several transcriptome studies. In vitro studies supported the idea that HSP70 was released as a result of lysosomal exocytosis initiated by LAMP3 expression, and reverse transcription PCR on RNA from minor salivary glands of patients with SS confirmed a positive correlation between BMP6 and LAMP3 expression. BMP6 expression could be experimentally induced in mice by overexpression of LAMP3, which developed an SS-like phenotype. The newly identified LAMP3/HSP70/BMP6 axis provided an etiological model for SS gland dysfunction and autoimmunity.
44P Real-world (RW) treatment patterns, patient characteristics and outcomes in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) with PD1/L1 as first-line (1L) therapy in the UK and Germany
Authors: M. Snee, S. Cheeseman, B. Levick, G. Hall, G. Rohde, J. Stratmann, A. Wolf, C. van Gils, R. Griner, A. Mahmood, N. Niklas, H.A. Divan, A. Krishna
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2022)
68Ga-FAPI and 18F-PET/CT Images in Intestinal Tuberculosis
Authors: Jieling Zheng, Kaixian Lin, Shan Zheng, Shaobo Yao, Weibing Miao
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

Abstract A 28-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain, bowel dysfunction, and weight loss for 3 months. 18 F-FDG PET/CT revealed multiple hypermetabolic lesions in the intestines and peritoneal thickening/caking with moderate FDG activity. 68 Ga-FAPI PET/CT showed intense FAPI uptake in the aforementioned FDG-avid lesions and a larger number of abnormal foci with intense FAPI uptake in the peritoneum than that shown in 18 F-FDG images. Endoscopy-guided biopsy from the colonic mucosa was consistent with tuberculosis. The positive findings of 68 Ga-FAPI in the current case highlighted that 68 Ga-FAPI may have value in the evaluation of intestinal tuberculosis.