tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pharmacologic treatment of hyperlipidemia reduces glomerular injury in rat 5/6 nephrectomy model of chronic renal failure.
Authors: B LKasiske, M PO'Donnell, W JGarvis, W FKeane
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

The role of lipid abnormalities in the pathogenesis of focal glomerulosclerosis was investigated in the rat remnant kidney model of chronic renal failure. Rats subjected to right nephrectomy and two-thirds segmental infarction of the left kidney (5/6 nephrectomy) were treated for 10 weeks with the lipid-lowering agent clofibric acid. Both serum cholesterol and urine albumin excretion were significantly reduced by clofibric acid. At 10 weeks, the percent of glomeruli with focal glomerulosclerosis was 5 +/- 2% in clofibric acid-treated and 24 +/- 5% in untreated 5/6 nephrectomy rats (p less than 0.01). Inulin clearance was greater in clofibric acid-treated than in untreated 5/6 nephrectomy rats (0.28 +/- 0.02 versus 0.22 +/- 0.02 ml/min 100 g body wt, p less than 0.05). Body weight, kidney weight, and systemic blood pressure were not significantly altered by clofibric acid. Micropuncture studies, performed in separate groups of clofibric acid-treated and untreated 5/6 nephrectomy rats, demonstrated elevated...
Effects of ischemia and hypercarbic acidosis on myocyte calcium transients, contraction, and pHi in perfused rabbit hearts.
Authors: RMohabir, H CLee, R WKurz, W TClusin
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

The time courses of changes in pHi and cytosolic calcium were compared in isolated perfused rabbit hearts with the use of the calcium-sensitive fluorescent indicator indo-1 and the pH indicator 2',7'-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF). Cell-permeant forms of these indicators were loaded into myocytes by arterial infusion or by direct infusion into the extravascular space. Indo-1 fluorescence was recorded from the epicardial surface of the left ventricle at an excitation wavelength of 360 nm and emission wavelengths of 400 and 550 nm. BCECF fluorescence was recorded at an excitation wavelength of 490 nm and an emission wavelength of 530 nm. Calibration procedures were developed for each indicator that allowed [Ca2+]i and pHi to be quantified during ischemia. Global ischemia decreased contractility and caused a rapid increase in both the systolic and end-diastolic levels of the calcium transients. Ninety seconds of ischemia increased peak systolic [Ca2+]i from 609 +/- 29 to 1,341 +/- 159 nM...
The role of T helper 17 cell subsets in Sjögren's syndrome: similarities and differences between mouse model and humans
Authors: Xiang Lin, Jie Tian, Ke Rui, Kong-Yang Ma, King-Hung Ko, Shengjun Wang, Liwei Lu
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

We thank Alunno et al for their interest in our recently published work and their insightful comments regarding the roles of T helper (Th) 17 cell subsets during the pathogenesis of Sjogren's syndrome (SS) in mouse model and humans.1

In our study, we characterised the kinetic changes of IL-17-producing CD4 Th17 cells in salivary glands (SG) and draining cervical lymph nodes (CLN), and examined their correlations with clinical, histological and serological features of SS in mice immunised with SG proteins. Moreover, we revealed that IL-17 knockout (KO) mice were completely resistant for SS induction, while adoptive transfer of Th17 cells rapidly induced a full profile of SS in immunised IL-17 KO mice with markedly reduced saliva secretion, elevated autoantibody production and pronounced lymphocytic inflammation and tissue damage in SG. Together, our findings have defined a critical role of Th17 cells in the pathogenesis of SS in mice. Recently, there is increasing evidence indicating the involvement of several IL-17-producing T cell subsets in the development of SS in humans and mouse.2–4 In particular, an increased IL-17-producing T cell subset lacking CD4 and CD8 surface molecules (double negative, DN) was found in the peripheral blood …
Early postinfarction ischemia: clinical, angiographic, and prognostic significance.
Authors: XBosch, PThéroux, D DWaters, G BPelletier, DRoy
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Early ischemia, defined as angina with transient ST-T changes during hospitalization, 24 hr or more after an acute myocardial infarction (MI), was observed in 79 (18%) of a consecutive series of 449 patients surviving an MI and catheterized a mean of 10 +/- 3 days after admission. Three clinical factors present 24 hr after admission could identify patients at low, medium, and high risk of factors had a risk greater than 50% and the 118 patients with Q wave MI, no previous angina, and absence of risk factors had a risk of less than 8%. The angiographic correlates of early ischemia were number of vessels with 70% or more stenosis (2.1 +/- 0.8 vs 1.7 +/- 0.8/patient, p less than .0001), number of diseased coronary artery segments (2.8 +/- 1.4 vs 2.1 +/- 1.2, p less than .0001), left anterior descending coronary involvement (77% vs 62% of patients, p = .01), number of normally contractile segments at jeopardy because of a coronary stenosis (1.9 +/- 1.3 vs 1.3 +/- 1.1/patient, p less than .0002), collateral ci...
Peripheral Nerve Injuries.
Authors: S A de Lange, M de Vlieger
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Quantitative histological analysis of the human sinoatrial node during growth and aging.
Authors: IShiraishi, TTakamatsu, TMinamikawa, ZOnouchi, SFujita
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDFibrosis or fatty infiltration of the human sinoatrial (SA) node is generally believed to represent replacement of the SA nodal cells by connective tissue. Quantitative analysis, however, has not been performed precisely to validate the interpretation of such histological changes.METHODS AND RESULTSThe actual volume of the SA node and its components were calculated according to the sum of the pixel number representing the colors of SA nodal cells and connective tissue in serial sections using a digital color image analyzer. Average volume occupied by the total SA nodal cells in adolescents and adults (n = 7) was 3.55 +/- 0.45 mm3, which was 2.4 times greater than that in infants (n = 3). The rate of increase was smaller than that of the total SA node (4.2 times, 16.68 +/- 2.56 mm3 in adolescents and adults). The considerable discrepancy in the growth ratio between the SA nodal cells and the total SA node resulted from an increase in the volume of connective tissue (7.4 times). In the elderly (n ...
Heart rate variability as a prognostic tool in cardiology. A contribution to the problem from a theoretical point of view.
Authors: MMoser, MLehofer, ASedminek, MLux, H GZapotoczky, TKenner, ANoordergraaf
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDRecent clinical studies have proposed standard deviation of heart rate as a diagnostic tool for the outcome of cardiac infarction. Mathematical analysis of heart rate variability shows that heart rate is influenced by different frequency components derived from different parts of the autonomous nervous system. In the experimental part of this study, we investigated the possibility of calculating a variable describing the parasympathetic branch of the autonomous nervous system exclusively.METHODS AND RESULTSIn 60 healthy volunteers, heart rate was measured to 1 millisecond during two different conditions: 5 minutes of rest, and 5 minutes of intermittent handgrip dynamometry; the latter is known to increase sympathetic arousal selectively. Heart rate was found to be lower at rest (65.9 +/- 9.7 beats per minute) than during dynamometry (72.8 +/- 10.4 beats per minute, P < .001). Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) calculated from the mean absolute differences between successive heart beats showed no...
Coronary pacing during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.
Authors: BMeier, WRutishauser
Journal: Circulation (1985)

To avoid venous puncture, a new concept for standby cardiac pacing during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and diagnostic cardiac catheterization was developed. It uses an arterial guidewire as a unipolar pacing electrode with the second electrode attached to the skin. The system was tested in 25 coronary arteries of 22 patients undergoing PTCA and in the left ventricles of 10 patients undergoing diagnostic cardiac catheterization. Coronary pacing via the guidewire used for directing the balloon catheter was possible in all patients and in 24 of the 25 coronary arteries attempted. Maximum duration of pacing was 8 min. Threshold currents ranged from 1 to 15 mA (mean 5.7). Left ventricular pacing via the same wires or standard wires used for introduction of diagnostic or guiding catheters was possible in all patients and was maintained for up to 10 min. Threshold currents ranged from 1 to 7 mA (mean 3.9). Neither method for pacing produced adverse effects during these short applications...
Boerhaave Syndrome Treatment with a Fully-Covered Metallic Stent
Authors: F Bordalo Ferreira, F Correia, M Ferreira Cardoso, AM Oliveira, L Carvalho Lourenço, A Martins
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Thoracic computed tomography (CT) revealed a small pneumomediastinum originating from a rupture of the mid-distal left esophageal wall, consistent with Boerhaave syndrome. Broad-spectrum antibiotics were started.
Indirect angiogenic cytokines upregulate VEGF and bFGF gene expression in vascular smooth muscle cells, whereas hypoxia upregulates VEGF expression only.
Authors: EBrogi, TWu, ANamiki, J MIsner
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDHypoxia and indirect angiogenic factors may stimulate angiogenesis via induction of endothelial cell mitogen(s). To evaluate this hypothesis, we investigated whether low oxygen tension or cytokines known to promote neovascularization in vivo could modulate the expression of either vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in human vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs).METHODS AND RESULTSSMCs were treated with platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) or transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) or exposed to low oxygen tension in serum-free medium. Northern analysis detected low basal levels of VEGF and bFGF mRNA in extracts of unstimulated SMCs. However, both VEGF and bFGF transcripts increased after administration of PDGF-BB (10 or 20 ng/mL) or TGF-beta 1 (0.1 to 10 ng/mL). Hypoxia was a potent stimulus for VEGF gene expression but had no apparent effect on bFGF steady-state mRNA levels.CONCLUSIONSThese results indicate that certain indirect angiog...
Valvular-ventricular interaction: importance of the mitral apparatus in canine left ventricular systolic performance.
Authors: D EHansen, P DCahill, W MDeCampli, D CHarrison, G CDerby, R SMitchell, D CMiller
Journal: Circulation (1986)

As the mitral valvular apparatus tenses during systole, forces transmitted along the chordae tendineae to the left ventricular chamber may influence left ventricular performance. To test this hypothesis, 10 dogs anesthetized with fentanyl were studied during cardiopulmonary bypass. The importance of the mitral apparatus in left ventricular systolic function was assessed independent of load by means of the slope of the contractile state-dependent left ventricular peak isovolumetric pressure-volume relationship (Emax), which was measured at constant heart rate and aortic pressure with a micromanometer inside a left ventricular intracavitary balloon before and immediately after all chordae tendineae were severed. Herniation of the balloon was prevented by a disk secured to the mitral anulus. Emax decreased from 11.97 +/- 3.35 (+/- SD) to 6.38 +/- 0.96 mm Hg/ml (p less than .001) with chordal severing. The volume intercept (Vo) was unchanged. Fluoroscopic studies of the balloon contour in eight additional dog...
Electrical impedance spectroscopy for the characterization of skin barrier in atopic dermatitis
Authors: Arturo O. Rinaldi, Angelica Korsfeldt, Siobhan Ward, Daniel Burla, Anita Dreher, Marja Gautschi, Britta Stolpe, Ge Tan, Eugen Bersuch, David Melin, Nima Askary Lord, Simon Grant, Per Svedenhag, Kristina Tsekova, Peter Schmid‐Grendelmeier, Matthias Möhrenschlager, Ellen D. Renner, Cezmi A. Akdis
Journal: Allergy (2021)

Allergic disorders such as atopic dermatitis (AD) are strongly associated with an impairment of the epithelial barrier, in which tight junctions and/or filaggrin expression can be defective. Skin barrier assessment shows potential to be clinically useful for prediction of disease development, improved and earlier diagnosis, lesion follow-up, and therapy evaluation. This study aimed to establish a method to directly assess the in vivo status of epithelial barrier using electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).Thirty-six patients with AD were followed during their 3-week hospitalization and compared with 28 controls. EIS and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) were measured in lesional and non-lesional skin. Targeted proteomics by proximity extension assay in serum and whole-genome sequence were performed.Electrical impedance spectroscopy was able to assess epithelial barrier integrity, differentiate between patients and controls without AD, and characterize lesional and non-lesional skin of patients. It showed a significant negative correlation with TEWL, but a higher sensitivity to discriminate non-lesional atopic skin from controls. During hospitalization, lesions reported a significant increase in EIS that correlated with healing, decreased SCORAD and itch scores. Additionally, EIS showed a significant inverse correlation with serum biomarkers associated with inflammatory pathways that may affect the epithelial barrier, particularly chemokines such as CCL13, CCL3, CCL7, and CXCL8 and other cytokines, such as IRAK1, IRAK4, and FG2, which were significantly high at admission. Furthermore, filaggrin copy numbers significantly correlated with EIS on non-lesional skin of patients.Electrical impedance spectroscopy can be a useful tool to detect skin barrier dysfunction in vivo, valuable for the assessment of AD severity, progression, and therapy efficacy.
Constitutive relations and finite deformations of passive cardiac tissue II: stress analysis in the left ventricle.
Authors: J DHumphrey, F CYin
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

We present a new approach for estimation of transmural distributions of stress and strain in the equatorial region of a passive left ventricle. We employ a thick-walled cylindrical geometry, assume that myocardium is incompressible, and use a three-dimensional constitutive relation that yields a material symmetry consistent with observed transmural variations in muscle fiber orientations. Moreover, we consider finite deformations including inflation, extension, twist, and transmural shearing and suggest a new method for determination of the requisite deformation parameters directly from experimental strain data. We show representative transmural distributions of stress and strain, and perform a parametric study to illustrate differing predictions of stress induced by varying boundary conditions, muscle fiber orientations, or modes of deformation. Our analysis can be used to guide and check future predictions of cardiac stresses, and to guide experimentalists by suggesting the accuracy of measurements esse...
Pyruvate kinase deficiency of mice associated with nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia and cure of the anemia by marrow transplantation without host irradiation
Authors: Masahiro Morimoto, Hitoshi Kanno, Hidekazu Asai, Tohru Tsujimura, Hisaichi Fujii, Yasuhiro Moriyama, Tsutomu Kasugai, Akira Hirono, Yuzou Ohba, Shiro Miwa, Yukihiko Kitamura
Journal: Blood (1995)
Endothelin activation of an inwardly rectifying K+ current in atrial cells.
Authors: DKim
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Various tissues including heart express specific binding sites for endothelin. Endothelins have been reported to increase the force of contraction of cardiac muscle, presumably via specific receptors. Specific binding of endothelin to atrial tissue is particularly high. In spontaneously contracting rat atrial cells used in this study, all three isoforms of endothelin (endothelin-1, endothelin-2, and endothelin-3) decreased the rate of beating and caused an increase in inwardly rectifying K+ current in voltage-clamped whole cells. Endothelin-3 was the most potent isoform, and its effects on beating rate and K+ current were present at a concentration as low as 100 pM (Kd, approximately 1 nM). the atrial cells did not have the hyperpolarization-activated current (the pacemaker current), If. In excised inside-out patches, all three isoforms of endothelin activated a population of K+ channels with kinetic properties identical to those of acetylcholine (muscarinic)-activated K+ channels, and this was GTP depend...
Coronary wedge pressure in relation to spontaneously visible and recruitable collaterals.
Authors: BMeier, PLuethy, LFinci, G DSteffenino, WRutishauser
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Coronary angiography demonstrates only collateral arteries that are already in use (spontaneously visible collaterals). Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) provides an opportunity to uncover collaterals ready to become functional in case of occlusion of the recipient artery (recruitable collaterals). The incidence of recruitable collaterals and their relation to the distal pressure in the occluded artery (coronary wedge pressure) during a 30 sec or longer balloon occlusion was assessed in 57 coronary arteries of 49 patients undergoing PTCA for a proximal coronary stenosis or occlusion. Collateral to 75% of the arteries were present. Spontaneously visible collaterals were four times as frequent as recruitable collaterals. Coronary wedge pressure was significantly higher in arteries with spontaneously visible and recruitable collaterals (41 +/- 12 and 36 +/- 12 mm Hg, respectively) than in arteries without collaterals (18 +/- 4 mm Hg). A coronary wedge pressure of 30 mm Hg or higher was fo...
Lumen Apposing Metal Stents: How Far Are We From Standardization? An Italian Survey
Authors: C Fabbri, C Coluccio, C Binda, A Fugazza, A Anderloni, I Tarantino
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Aim of the survey is to investigate procedural and peri-procedural aspects of Lumen-Apposing Metal Stent (LAMS) placement nationwide.
Intermittent claudication, exercise, and blood rheology.
Authors: E EErnst, AMatrai
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Forty-two stable patients with claudication were assigned to two groups. Group I (n = 22) was submitted to regular, standardized treadmill exercise for 2 months. During this time the maximal and pain-free walking distances increased significantly (more than 100%). Group II (n = 20) patients did not exercise over the same period of time, and their walking distances remained essentially unchanged. No drugs or other forms of treatment were given in either group. The rheology of blood, as quantified by blood and plasma viscosity, hematocrit, blood filterability, and red cell aggregation, was initially abnormal in patients as compared with matched controls. Blood and plasma viscosity, blood cell filterability, and red cell aggregation normalized significantly in group I, but remained pathologic in group II. The hemorrheologic values of patients after 2 months of exercise did no longer differ significantly from those of healthy controls. The fluidification of blood induced by regular exercise was qualitativel...
The Treatment of Fractures
Authors: E. Deanesly
Journal: BMJ (1895)

LKi 1319 'here was much thinner and less dense, and this disc was soon -cut through.On reflecting the bone it was first noted that a -considerable branch of the middle meningeal artery ran across the upper third of the opening.At first the dura mater seemed normal here also, but on feeling it carefully all -over with the finger, a point " of increased resistance," to use Dr. Russel's phrase, was detected in the lower third.The dura was here incised, and immediately black clotted blood .began to exude with each pulsation.
Endurance training in rats with chronic heart failure induced by myocardial infarction.
Authors: T IMusch, R LMoore, D JLeathers, ABruno, RZelis
Journal: Circulation (1986)

The response to exercise was investigated in trained and sedentary rats with moderate compensated heart failure produced by myocardial infarction (MI) and in rats that underwent sham operations. Trained rats ran on a treadmill (10% grade at 20 m/min) for 60 min/day, 5 days/week for 10 to 12 weeks, whereas sedentary rats had only limited activity. Maximal oxygen consumption normalized for body weight (ml kg-1 min-1) was determined for each rat and found to be (1) greater in trained rats when compared with sedentary rats and (2) greater in sham-operated rats when compared with their counterparts that suffered infarction. In addition, skeletal muscle succinate dehydrogenase activities were greater and the blood lactic acid response to submaximal exercise was lower in trained rats compared with sedentary rats. Left ventricular infarct size for sedentary and trained rats with infarction was 36 +/- 3% and 34 +/- 3% of the total endocardial circumference, respectively, and resulted in (1) elevated left ventricul...
Oncogenic extrachromosomal DNA functions as mobile enhancers to globally amplify chromosomal transcription
Authors: Yanfen Zhu, Amit D. Gujar, Chee-Hong Wong, Harianto Tjong, Chew Yee Ngan, Liang Gong, Yi-An Chen, Hoon Kim, Jihe Liu, Meihong Li, Adam Mil-Homens, Rahul Maurya, Chris Kuhlberg, Fanyue Sun, Eunhee Yi, Ana C. deCarvalho, Yijun Ruan, Roel G.W. Verhaak, Chia-Lin Wei
Journal: Cancer Cell (2021)
Thallium-201 myocardial perfusion imaging at rest and during exercise. Comparative sensitivity to electrocardiography in coronary artery disease.
Authors: I KBailey, L SGriffith, JRouleau, WStrauss, BPitt
Journal: Circulation (1977)

The sensitivity of myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) using thallium-201 injected both at rest and during peak exercise was compared to simultaneously recorded 12 lead electrocardiography (ECG) for the detection of transient ischemia in 20 normal subjects and 63 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). No significant perfusion defects or ECG changes were seen on either the rest or exercise studies in any of the normal subjects. Fifty-six percent of patients with CAD developed new perfusion defects with exercise compared to 38% who developed ischemic ST-segment depression (P less than 0.02). However, when chest pain and/or ST depression were considered indices of ischemia, the sensitivity of exercise testing and thallium-201 MPI was similar. The increased sensitivity of MPI compared to ST-segment depression on the ECG was due to patients with baseline ECG abnormalities and those who failed to achieve 85% of predicted maximum heart rate with exercise. Analysis of the exercise results according to the ex...