tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Further Considerations on the Association Between Flavored Tobacco Legislation and High School Student Smoking Rates
Authors: Dale S. Mantey, Steven H. Kelder
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2021)

To the Editor We read with great interest the article by Friedman1 The author found that a local ban of characterizing flavors in tobacco products was associated with an increase in combustible cigarette smoking from 2017 to 2019 in San Francisco, California.
Building Systems to Measure Success and Improve Outcomes in Dialysis Access—Not a “Steal” but Probably a Bargain
Authors: Philip P. Goodney
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Atrial-Specific LKB1 Knockdown Represents a Novel Mouse Model of Atrial Cardiomyopathy With Spontaneous Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Mohit M. Hulsurkar, Satadru K. Lahiri, Oliver Moore, Lucia M. Moreira, Issam Abu-Taha, Markus Kamler, Dobromir Dobrev, Stanley Nattel, Svetlana Reilly, Xander H.T. Wehrens
Journal: Circulation (2021)
How I manage autoimmune cytopenias in patients with lymphoid cancer
Authors: Edit Porpaczy, Ulrich Jäger
Journal: Blood (2021)

Abstract Autoimmune conditions can occur in a temporary relationship with any malignant lymphoma. In many instances, treatment at diagnosis is not required, but symptomatic autoimmune conditions represent an indication for treatment, particularly in chronic lymphoproliferative diseases. Treatment is selected depending on the predominant condition: autoimmune disease (immunosuppression) or lymphoma (antilymphoma therapy). Steroids and anti-CD20 antibodies are effective against both conditions and may suppress the autoimmune complication for a prolonged period. The efficacy of B-cell receptor inhibitors has provided us with novel insights into the pathophysiology of antibody-producing B cells. Screening for underlying autoimmune conditions is part of the lymphoma workup, because other drugs, such as immunomodulators and checkpoint inhibitors, should be avoided or used with caution. In this article, we discuss diagnostic challenges and treatment approaches for different situations involving lymphomas and autoimmune cytopenias.
Stephen Walter Metcalf
Authors: Ian Maconochie, Duncan Brooke
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Stephen Walter Metcalf (“Steve”) grew up in London and was proud of his working class background; he attended the William Ellis grammar school. From there, he studied pharmacology and toxicology at the London School of Pharmacy, graduating with double first class honours, before completing his medical training at the Middlesex Hospital Medical School in 1990.

Steve loved being in the hospital environment, truly understanding the importance of multidisciplinary teams, as evidenced by the many tributes from nursing, radiography, and medical colleagues since his death. His down-to-earth, pragmatic, and friendly manner made everyone feel included and valuable to the workings of the emergency department.

He was an emergency medicine physician to the core. His first consultant position was at Greenwich …
A secondary analysis of the Belimumab International Study in Lupus Nephritis trial examined effects of belimumab on kidney outcomes and preservation of kidney function in patients with lupus nephritis
Authors: Brad H. Rovin, Richard Furie, Y.K. Onno Teng, Gabriel Contreras, Ana Malvar, Xueqing Yu, Beulah Ji, Yulia Green, Tania Gonzalez-Rivera, Damon Bass, Jennifer Gilbride, Chun-Hang Tang, David A. Roth
Journal: Kidney International (2021)

We performed a post hoc analysis of the Belimumab International Study in Lupus Nephritis (BLISS-LN), a Phase 3, multinational, double-blind, 104-week trial, in which 448 patients with lupus nephritis were randomized to receive intravenous belimumab 10 mg/kg or placebo with standard therapy (cyclophosphamide/azathioprine or mycophenolate mofetil). Add-on belimumab was found to be most effective in improving the primary efficacy kidney response and complete kidney response in patients with proliferative lupus nephritis and a baseline urine protein/creatinine ratio under 3 g/g. However, there was no observed improvement in the kidney response with belimumab treatment in patients with lupus nephritis and sub-epithelial deposits or with a baseline protein/creatinine ratio of 3 g/g or more. Belimumab significantly reduced the risk of kidney-related events or death and lupus nephritis flare in the overall population. Belimumab reduced the risk of a sustained 30% or 40% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) versus standard treatment alone and attenuated the annual rate of eGFR decline in patients who remained on-study. Thus, our data suggest that the addition of belimumab to standard therapy could attenuate the risk of lupus nephritis flare and eGFR decline in a broad spectrum of patients with lupus nephritis.
Abstract P306: Italian National Health Examination Surveys 2008-2012: Differences in Measured and Self-reported Anthropometric Data
Authors: Luigi Palmieri, Chiara Donfrancesco, Cinzia Lo Noce, Francesco Dima, Lidia Gargiulo, Diego Vanuzzo, Simona Giampaoli
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Health Interview Survey (HIS) collects only self-reported height and weight to estimate obesity prevalence. Because of self-reporting, estimated obesity prevalence could be too low. From 2008 to 2012 an Health Examination Survey/Osservatorio Epidemiologico Cardiovascolare (HES/OEC) has been implemented in Italy with the aim of assessing cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, prevalence of risk conditions and CV diseases for the Italian adult population. Differences in measured and self-reported main anthropometric measures are described. Methods: Random samples of general population stratified by age and sex were examined in all Italian regions (participation rate 56%). Self-reported height and weight were requested to participants just after the welcome at the screening center. Height and weight were then measured using standardized procedures and methods. BMI was categorized in 3 groups: normal (BMI&lt;25 kg/m2), overweight (25&lt;=BMI&lt;30 kg/m2), obesity (BMI&gt;=30 kg/m2). Comparisons between measured and reported height, weight, and calculated BMI in men and women were assessed using t-test for means and chi-squared test for prevalence for paired samples. Results: Data from 2,583 men and 2,575 women aged 35-79 years were analysed. In men, measured height was lower than self-reported (-2.1 cm.), measured weight resulted higher than self-reported (+0.3 kg.); as a consequence BMI calculated on measured data resulted higher than that based on self-reported data (+0.8 kg/m2). Prevalence of obesity was higher for measured data than for self-reported (+7.1%). In men, difference between measured and self-reported height resulted higher in obese category than in the overweight or normal groups (-2.6 cm.), as well as for weight (+1.6 kg.). Similar results were registered in women: measured height was lower than self-reported (-3.6 cm.), measured weight resulted higher than self-reported (+0.8 kg.); as a consequence BMI calculated on measured data resulted higher than that based on self-reported data (+1.6 kg/m2). Prevalence of obesity was higher for measured data than for self-reported (+9.2%). Difference between measured and self-reported height resulted higher in obese category than in the overweight or normal groups (-5.0 cm.), as well as for weight (1.8 kg.). Both in men and women differences increased by age-group. Conclusions: Our results confirm how important is to produce standardised measures, also to adjust and correct self-reported height and weight, in order to have a reliable picture of obesity in the population. At present obesity is still a priority in public health and is one of the main indicator to plan community actions for cardiovascular disease prevention in the population.
Understanding and overcoming adverse consequences of genome editing on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells
Authors: Byung-Chul Lee, Richard J. Lozano, Cynthia E. Dunbar
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2021)

Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) gene therapies have recently moved beyond gene-addition approaches to encompass targeted genome modification or correction, based on the development of zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and CRISPR-Cas technologies. Advances in ex vivo HSPC manipulation techniques have greatly improved HSPC susceptibility to genetic modification. Targeted gene-editing techniques enable precise modifications at desired genomic sites. Numerous preclinical studies have already demonstrated the therapeutic potential of gene therapies based on targeted editing. However, several significant hurdles related to adverse consequences of gene editing on HSPC function and genomic integrity remain before broad clinical potential can be realized. This review summarizes the status of HSPC gene editing, focusing on efficiency, genomic integrity, and long-term engraftment ability related to available genetic editing platforms and HSPC delivery methods. The response of long-term engrafting HSPCs to nuclease-mediated DNA breaks, with activation of p53, is a significant challenge, as are activation of innate and adaptive immune responses to editing components. Lastly, we propose alternative strategies that can overcome current hurdles to HSPC editing at various stages from cell collection to transplantation to facilitate successful clinical applications. Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) gene therapies have recently moved beyond gene-addition approaches to encompass targeted genome modification or correction, based on the development of zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and CRISPR-Cas technologies. Advances in ex vivo HSPC manipulation techniques have greatly improved HSPC susceptibility to genetic modification. Targeted gene-editing techniques enable precise modifications at desired genomic sites. Numerous preclinical studies have already demonstrated the therapeutic potential of gene therapies based on targeted editing. However, several significant hurdles related to adverse consequences of gene editing on HSPC function and genomic integrity remain before broad clinical potential can be realized. This review summarizes the status of HSPC gene editing, focusing on efficiency, genomic integrity, and long-term engraftment ability related to available genetic editing platforms and HSPC delivery methods. The response of long-term engrafting HSPCs to nuclease-mediated DNA breaks, with activation of p53, is a significant challenge, as are activation of innate and adaptive immune responses to editing components. Lastly, we propose alternative strategies that can overcome current hurdles to HSPC editing at various stages from cell collection to transplantation to facilitate successful clinical applications.
Mutational synergy during leukemia induction remodels chromatin accessibility, histone modifications and three-dimensional DNA topology to alter gene expression
Authors: Haiyang Yun, Nisha Narayan, Shabana Vohra, George Giotopoulos, Annalisa Mupo, Pedro Madrigal, Daniel Sasca, David Lara-Astiaso, Sarah J. Horton, Shuchi Agrawal-Singh, Eshwar Meduri, Faisal Basheer, Ludovica Marando, Malgorzata Gozdecka, Oliver M. Dovey, Aracely Castillo-Venzor, Xiaonan Wang, Paolo Gallipoli, Carsten Müller-Tidow, Cameron S. Osborne, George S. Vassiliou, Brian J. P. Huntly
Journal: Nature Genetics (2021)
Abstract 10714: Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Patients Display Normal Kinetics of Clot Formation
Authors: Mengyun Lu, Kevin P Blaine, Ann Cullinane, Courtney Hall, Alina Dulau-Florea, Junfeng Sun, Herman Chenwi, Grace Graninger, Bonnie Harper, Jason M Elinoff, Michael A Solomon
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by endothelial dysfunction and microthrombi formation. The role of anticoagulation remains controversial with prospective and retr...
Biomarker testing patterns and identification of barriers to testing for homologous recombination deficiencies across four advanced-stage solid tumors in a multicommunity practice setting.
Authors: Scott D. Goldfarb, Kimmie K. McLaurin, Barbara L. McAneny, Veena Shetty, Julia Engstrom-Melnyk, Christopher M. Black
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

16 Background: Opportunities have increased for diagnostic test results to affect treatment choice in tumor types with homologous recombination deficiencies. According to NCCN Guidelines, biomarker testing has the potential to identify patients eligible for targeted treatment such as PARP inhibitors. Methods: We conducted a noninterventional, mixed-methods cohort study to evaluate biomarker testing concordant with NCCN guidelines in 2018-19. Starting with an abstraction of structured and unstructured data from electronic health records, a cohort of 300 patients newly diagnosed with advanced ovarian cancer (aOC), HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC), metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPaC), and metastatic prostate cancer (mPC) was selected in reverse chronological order of diagnosis date, proportionately distributed from the NCCA (National Cancer Care Alliance, LLC) network. Outcomes included: proportion of patients who completed biomarker testing (defined as at least BRCA1/2 testing), time from diagnosis to test order, and time from test order to results. For patients that did not receive a biomarker test, the treating physicians were sent questionnaires to capture reasons for not ordering or for non-completion of biomarker testing. Results: Patients were identified at 10 practices from 8 states (CA, ME, NM, NY, OH, TX, UT, VT) in 2018 (N=86) and 2019 (N=214). The most commonly used tests were germline only (47%-66%), followed by tissue for multiple genes (18%-40%). Ovarian cancer had the highest completion of biomarker testing (Table). For HER2-negative MBC, the completion rate of BRCA testing was 85% for triple-negative disease and 55% for hormone receptor-positive disease. All questionnaires were completed (N=85); the most common reasons identified as barriers to testing were no perceived need or clinical benefit (42%), biomarker tests considered for a later date depending on patient’s response to treatment (14%), lack of a standard practice or guidance for biomarker testing at the practice (14%), and reimbursement for genetic counseling (12%). Conclusions: Biomarker workup was completed for the majority of patients. Given the first FDA approval of a PARP inhibitor was for aOC in 2014, biomarker testing rates and timing may naturally improve for more recent approvals such as mPC (2020). Evaluation of long-term trends for adherence to NCCN biomarker testing recommendations on the impact to patient outcomes is warranted. [Table: see text]
A Policy Statement on Cardiovascular Test Substitution and Authorization
Authors: Randall C. Thompson, Timothy M. Bateman, Ron Blankstein, Marcelo F. Di Carli, Bobak Heydari, Judy Hung, Raymond Y. Kwong, Jonathan R. Lindner, Koen Nieman, Sharmila Dorbala
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
A Reporting Guideline for Mediation Analyses
Authors: Kabir Yadav, Roger J. Lewis
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
RADIANCE-HTN TRIO: how the saga of renal denervation revisits hypertension therapy
Authors: Konstantinos P Tsioufis, Kyriakos Dimitriadis
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2021)

Renal denervation • Hypertension • Blood pressure • Sympathetic • Kidney2][3] These results led to severe scepticism regarding this interventional method but it was soon replaced by constructive thinking that identified study limitations and methodological drawbacks of the SYMPLICITY HTN-3. 1,2It was one of the cases in modern medical science that the community understood and further explored the mainstay role of adherence to medication as a driver of BP response and the importance of ambulatory BP as a target for hypertension therapy interventions.][6] The brainstorming on the optimal design of RDN trials led to significant improvements and also to clinical important results.In the completed sham-controlled randomized controlled trials, radiofrequency ablation by the use of Spyral catheter as well as ultrasound-based RDN via the Paradise system were effective in BP lowering with a remarkable safety profile. 7-10However, there was up to now no available study directly showing the effects of RDN on BP endpoint in the setting of resistant hypertension after the 'neutral' SYMPLICITY HTN-3. 1 Only indirect evidence can be extrapolated from the SPYRAL HTN-ON trial in which patients on 1-3 antihypertensive drugs and uncontrolled hypertension participated, including a group of patients with resistant hypertension. 8In this particular trial, the overall results showed that the change in BP was more pronounced in the RDN group than the sham control group. 8The recently published RADIANCE-HTN TRIO offers the missing robust evidence that RDN reduces BP at 2 months in patients with hypertension resistant to a standardized triple combination pill. 11As the authors of the article suggest if the BP-lowering effect is maintained long term this could signify that RDN can be proposed as the fourth add-on therapy in the high-risk setting of resistant hypertensive patients. 11he results of the RADIANCE-HTN TRIO are pathophysiological sound given the contribution of the sympathetic overdrive in hypertension that is uncontrolled and resistant to drug therapy. 2,5,6Renal efferent sympathetic nerves decreases renal perfusion, increases tubular sodium reabsorption causing sodium retention, and stimulation the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system. 2,5,6On the other hand, augmented sensory
Static lung storage at 10°C maintains mitochondrial health and preserves donor organ function
Authors: Aadil Ali, Aizhou Wang, Rafaela V. P. Ribeiro, Erika L. Beroncal, Cristina Baciu, Marcos Galasso, Bruno Gomes, Andrea Mariscal, Olivia Hough, Edson Brambate, Etienne Abdelnour-Berchtold, Vinicius Michaelsen, Yu Zhang, Anajara Gazzalle, Eddy Fan, Laurent Brochard, Jonathan Yeung, Tom Waddell, Mingyao Liu, Ana C. Andreazza, Shaf Keshavjee, Marcelo Cypel
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2021)

Cold static preservation on ice (~4°C) remains the clinical standard of donor organ preservation. However, mitochondrial injury develops during prolonged storage, which limits the extent of time that organs can maintain viability. We explored the feasibility of prolonged donor lung storage at 10°C using a large animal model and investigated mechanisms related to mitochondrial protection. Functional assessments performed during ex vivo lung perfusion demonstrated that porcine lungs stored for 36 hours at 10°C had lower airway pressures, higher lung compliances, and better oxygenation capabilities, indicative of better pulmonary physiology, as compared to lungs stored conventionally at 4°C. Mitochondrial protective metabolites including itaconate, glutamine, and N-acetylglutamine were present in greater intensities in lungs stored at 10°C than at 4°C. Analysis of mitochondrial injury markers further confirmed that 10°C storage resulted in greater protection of mitochondrial health. We applied this strategy clinically to prolong preservation of human donor lungs beyond the currently accepted clinical preservation limit of about 6 to 8 hours. Five patients received donor lung transplants after a median preservation time of 10.4 hours (9.92 to 14.8 hours) for the first implanted lung and 12.1 hours (10.9 to 16.5 hours) for the second. All have survived the first 30 days after transplantation. There was no grade 3 primary graft dysfunction at 72 hours after transplantation, and median post-transplant mechanical ventilation time was 1.73 days (0.24 to 6.71 days). Preservation at 10°C could become the standard of care for prolonged pulmonary preservation, providing benefits to both patients and health care teams.