tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The characteristic sequence for the onset of contraction in the normal human left ventricle.
Authors: P DClayton, W FBulawa, S CKlausner, P MUrie, H WMarshall, H RWarner
Journal: Circulation (1979)

The sequence for the onset of segmental contraction of the left ventricle was studied in 25 normal patients by analyzing sequential frames obtained at 16.7-msec intervals of right anterior oblique (RAO) ventriculograms by two independent methods. In the first method, we compared the times of onset of contraction of the hemidiameters associated with each of 54 segments with time of onset of contraction of the average of all the hemidiameters for the ventricular contour. In the second method we used a radial coordinate system and determined relative phase relationships by plotting the motion of each of 54 segments against the average motion of all segments. The resulting pattern showed that, on the average, the midregion of the inferior wall began to contract 25 msec before the apex and the midregion of the anterior wall began contraction 18 msec before the apex. In 12 of 25 patients the interior and anterior walls both began to contrast before the apex. In only one of 25 patients did the apex begin to cont...
Accuracy of Endoscopic Diagnosis in Gastric Precancerous Conditions
Authors: M Romańczyk, B Ostrowski, K Budzyń, M Koziej, M Wdowiak, T Romańczyk, M Błaszczyńska, M Kajor, K Januszewski, W Zajęcki, M Hartleb
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Atrophic gastritis (AG) and intestinal metaplasia (IM) are gastric precancerous conditions (GPC), which are key points in risk stratification for development of intestinal type gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate a performance of endoscopic detection of GPC.
Physical exercise conditioning in the absence of weight loss reduces fasting and postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoprotein levels.
Authors: M SWeintraub, YRosen, ROtto, SEisenberg, J LBreslow
Journal: Circulation (1989)

The effect of physical exercise conditioning on fasting and postprandial lipoprotein levels was studied in six normolipidemic subjects. The study consisted of two phases: a baseline stabilization phase in which subjects maintained their regular physical activity and an exercise conditioning phase in which subjects had 29 exercise sessions during a 7-week period. Each of these sessions consisted of jogging on a treadmill for 30 minutes. The subjects averaged 15.2 miles/wk. To control for possible confounding factors, such as changes in diet composition and weight loss, we placed the subjects on a metabolic diet and increased their daily caloric intake during the exercise phase. At the end of each phase of the study, a vitamin A-fat loading test was done to specifically label and follow postprandial lipoprotein levels, and a maximum oxygen consumption test was done to evaluate the subjects' physical fitness. The exercise conditioning phase significantly increased the subjects' aerobic capacity and posthepar...
Subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by<i>Geniculosporium</i>species; a new fungal pathogen
Authors: None Suzuki, None Udagawa, None Wakita, None Yamada, None Ichikawa, None Furukawa, None Takigawa
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

A 70‐year‐old Japanese timberworker dealing with imported timber from the U.S.A. and Russia had an asymptomatic subcutaneous nodule with a small fistula on his left knee. Histopathological examination of the nodule revealed brownish hyphal elements in encapsulated pyogranuloma. The fungus isolated from a discharge of the fistula and an excised specimen of the lesion was identified as Geniculosporiumsp., which represents a conidial state (anamorph) of several genera such as Anthostomella, Biscogniauxia, Euepixylon, Leprieuria, Nemania, Phylaciaand Rosellinia in the Xylariaceae. Whereas this dematiaceous hyphomycete is commonly found on decaying wood and bark of various trees, to our knowledge, this is the first case of a phaeomycotic cyst caused by fungi belonging to the genus Geniculosporium.
Natriuretic peptides as cardiac hormones in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats. The ventricle is a major site of synthesis and secretion of brain natriuretic peptide.
Authors: YOgawa, KNakao, MMukoyama, KHosoda, GShirakami, HArai, YSaito, SSuga, MJougasaki, HImura
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

To study synthesis, storage, and secretion of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in the heart, we have measured BNP mRNA and BNP concentrations in the hearts of Wistar-Kyoto rats and also have investigated its secretion from the isolated perfused heart. The atrium expressed the BNP gene at a high level, and a considerable amount of BNP mRNA also was present in the ventricle, which corresponded to approximately 40% of the atrial BNP mRNA concentration. When tissue weight was taken into account, the total content of BNP mRNA in the ventricle was approximately threefold larger than that in the atrium, although the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) mRNA content in the ventricle was only 7% of that in the atrium. By contrast, the BNP concentration in the ventricle was 4.07 +/- 0.97 pmol/g, which was less than 1% of that in the atrium (451 +/- 86 pmol/g). The basal secretory rate of BNP from the isolated perfused whole heart was 49.3 +/- 6.1 fmol/min, approximately 60% of which was maintained even after atrial remo...
Mechanisms mediating the heart rate response to hypoxemia.
Authors: HKato, A SMenon, A SSlutsky
Journal: Circulation (1988)

We studied the effect of phasic pulmonary afferent information on heart rate (HR) during a progressive reduction in oxygen saturation (SaO2). The Hering-Breuer reflex was evaluated with the use of the ratio of apnea duration after lung inflation to the preceding expiratory time (dT). Phasic afferent activity was stopped in anesthetized, paralyzed dogs by constant-flow ventilation (CFV), a technique that removes cyclic changes in lung volume. During normocapnic (PaCO2 = 36.4 +/- 1.1 mm Hg) spontaneous breathing, there was a wide variability in HR response, with a mean delta HR/delta SaO2 (+/- SE) of 0.62 +/- 0.27 beats/min/% (values greater than 0 indicate a tachycardiac response). There was a good correlation between delta HR/delta SaO2 and dT (r = .79). Mean delta HR/delta SaO2 for the combined normocapnic and hypercapnic studies during CFV was lower (-1.32 +/- 0.19 bpm/%) than that during spontaneous breathing (0.23 +/- 0.19, p less than .0001). We suggest that the HR response to hypoxemia is strongly r...
Abstract 11473: Optical Coherence Tomography and Intravascular Ultrasound Evaluation of Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy With and Without Intimal Angiogenesis
Authors: Yasuhiro Ichibori, Jun-ichi Kotani, Isamu Mizote, Tomohito Ohtani, Masahiro Kumada, Kouichi Tachibana, Yasushi Sakata, Shinsuke Nanto, Norihide Fukushima, Yoshiki Sawa, Issei Komuro
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Intraplaque micro-channel (MC) is believed to contribute to plaque progression as angiogenesis, however it is not well known in cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV). Methods: At routine...
Relationship between acetylstrophanthidin-induced aftercontractions and the strength of contraction of canine ventricular myocardium.
Authors: G RFerrier
Journal: Circulation Research (1977)

Contractile activity was recorded from isolated canine ventricular muscle exposed to acetylstrophanthidin (AS), 0.5 to 2 X 10(-7) g/ml. Development of the positive inotropic effect of AS was accompanied by the appearance of aftercontractions (AC) coupled to the driven responses. The amplitudes of AC increased with the number of preceding beats. Test beats occurring during the ascending limb of AC were potentiated and the potentiation increased with the amplitude of the AC. Beats falling during the descending limb decreased in strength as the amplitude of the AC increased. As eliminated the frequency dependence of restitution. However, staircase phenomena persisted and were then found to be dependent on the phase relationship of each beat to underlying AC. These findings suggest an important role for AC in the inotropic actions of digitalis and in determining strengh-interval relationships of ventricular muscle treated with digitalis.
Ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. Experimental observations and clinical implications.
Authors: M APfeffer, EBraunwald
Journal: Circulation (1990)

An acute myocardial infarction, particularly one that is large and transmural, can produce alterations in the topography of both the infarcted and noninfarcted regions of the ventricle. This remodeling can importantly affect the function of the ventricle and the prognosis for survival. In the early period, infarct expansion has been recognized by echocardiography as a lengthening of the noncontractile region. The noninfarcted region also undergoes an important lengthening that is consistent with a secondary volume-overload hypertrophy and that can be progressive. The extent of ventricular enlargement after infarction is related to the magnitude of the initial damage to the myocardium and, although an increase in cavity size tends to restore stroke volume despite a persistently depressed ejection fraction, ventricular dilation has been associated with a reduction in survival. The process of ventricular enlargement can be influenced by three interdependent factors, that is, infarct size, infarct healing, an...
Relationship of cardiothoracic ratio and plain film heart volume to late survival.
Authors: K EHammermeister, P MChikos, LFisher, H TDodge
Journal: Circulation (1979)

We assessed the prognostic value of cardiothoracic ratio and plain film heart volume in relation to other clinical, exercise, hemodynamic and quantitative angiographic variables. Both cardiothoracic ratio and plain film heart volume are highly sensitive, but nonspecific, indicators of abnormal left ventricular end-diastolic volume and ejection fraction. Both variables are univariately important predictors of survival in cohorts of medically and surgically treated heart disease patients. Plain film heart volume significantly adds to the multivariate prediction of prognosis obtained from groups of clinical, exercise, hemodynamic and quantitative angiographic variables. These measurements from the routine chest roentgenogram are sensitive detectors of abnormal left ventricular function or volume and important predictors of long-term survival. The fact that they contribute prognostic information in addition to left ventricular volume and ejection fraction suggests that other cardiac chamber volumes are of pro...
Diffuse coronary artery disease in diabetic patients: fact or fiction?
Authors: A CDortimer, P NShenoy, R AShiroff, D MLeaman, J DBabb, A JLiedtke, RZelis
Journal: Circulation (1978)

To compare angiographically-determined coronary artery disease in diabetic patients with controls, 1,653 patients coming to cardiac catheterization were reviewed retrospectively to find 37 diabetic and 79 control patients matched for sex, age (+/- 3 years), and risk factors (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and smoking). The severity of coronary artery disease was assessed using an angiographic grading system. The following results were obtained: 16 of 37 diabetic patients (43%) had three-vessel disease compared to 20 of 79 controls (25%). Seventy-six of 111 (68%) diabetic vessels were diseased compared to 110 of 237 control vessels (46%) (P less than 0.005). The total coronary score reflecting total extent of disease for diabetic patients was 371 (mean 10.0 +/- (SEM) compared to 594 for controls (mean 7.5 +/- 0.7, (P less than 0.01). Diabetic patients had a statistically similar number of diffusely diseased vessels as controls (28% vs 22%). There were only three of 76 diabetic vessels (4%) considered inoper...
Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Jorge J. Gumucio, Adrian M. Di Bisceglie
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

Fifty-one patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma were treated by embolization of the hepatic artery with Gelfoam powder, contrast material and three chemotherapeutic agents (doxorubicin, mitomycin, cisplatin). Twelve patients (24%) had a partial response with a decrease in the tumor diameter by at least 50%, 13 patients (26%) had only minor responses, 12 (24%) had stabilization of disease and the remainder had progressive disease. Tumor liquefaction was noted on computed tomographic scanning in 70% of patients, and 23 of 34 patients with elevations in serum alphafetoprotein values had a greater than 50% reduction following treatment. The median patient survival time from treatment was 207 days. Most patients experienced transient pain, fever, nausea and elevations in serum aminotransferase activities as a result of therapy. Ascites developed in 14 patients. There were two treatment-related deaths: one from tumor hemorrhage and one from liver failure. Chemoembolization therefore appears to have significant activity in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and is relatively well tolerated. This study reports the results of resection in 72 cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma from Europe. One and 3 year survival rates were 68% and 51% respectively. Survival was significantly higher in Child's class A than in class B or C patients. Patients with a thickly encapsulated tumor lived longer than those with an infiltrating tumor and also had a significantly lower recurrence rate. There was no relationship between the size of the tumor or the presence of symptoms and survival. These data suggest that good results can be achieved by resection of hepatocellular carcinoma in European cirrhotic patients. A thickly encapsulated tumor and good liver function are the main determinants of low cancer recurrence and high survival.
Treatment of a pancreatic endocrine tumor by ethanol injection (PEI) guided by endoscopic ultrasound
Authors: C. Jürgensen, F. Neser, U. Stölzel
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

We read with interest the article by Muscatiello et al. about treatment of an endocrine pancreatic tumor by ethanol injection [1]. It underlined the potential role of this treatment, which was first described by our group in 2006 [2]. There is no explanation for why the percutaneous injection route (suggested by the term “PEI,” i. e., percutaneous ethanol injection) was chosen while using endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) for guidance. Linear EUS offers the option of direct visualization of the needle, which can be used not just for fine-needle aspiration, but for injection as well.
Differential control of adrenal and renal sympathetic nerve activity during hemorrhagic hypotension in rats.
Authors: R GVictor, PThorén, D AMorgan, A LMark
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

The reflex mechanisms that produce the neurocirculatory adjustments to hemorrhagic hypotension are incompletely understood. The goal of this study was to determine if hemorrhagic hypotension in rats produces differential effects on sympathetic outflow to the adrenal gland and kidney and if the two sympathetic nerve responses are governed by different reflex mechanisms. We performed simultaneous multifiber recordings of adrenal and renal sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) during 8 minutes of sustained hemorrhagic hypotension to a mean arterial pressure of 50 mm Hg in chloralose-anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats with a) baroreceptors intact, b) cervical vagotomy, c) sinoaortic baroreceptor denervation, and d) combined vagotomy plus sinoaortic denervation. During hemorrhagic hypotension in rats with intact baroreceptors, renal SNA decreased by 31 +/- 10% (mean +/- SEM, p less than 0.05 vs. control) and heart rate decreased from 384 +/- 13 to 365 +/- 16 beats per minute (p less than 0.05), but adrenal SNA increa...
Effect of lidocaine and quinidine on steady-state characteristics and recovery kinetics of (dV/dt)max in guinea pig ventricular myocardium.
Authors: C MChen, L SGettes, B GKatzung
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

We studied the effects of quinidine and lidocaine on the steady-state relationship between membrane potential and the maximum rate of rise of the action potential, (dV/dt)max, and on the recovery kinetics of (dV/dt)max in guinea pig papillary muscles. The steady-state relationships were determined in fibers stimulated at 0.2/sec and depolarized with KCl. Recovery kinetics were determined at various resting membrane potentials by assessing (dV/dt)max in progressively earlier premature action potentials. Lidocaine caused a dose-dependent decrease in (dV/dt)max, shifted the curve defining the steady-state relationship along the voltage axis in the direction of more negative potentials, and slowed the recovery kinetics of (dV/dt)max. Quinidine caused a dose-dependent decrease in (dV/dt)max but did not alter the shape of the curves defining either the steady-state relationship or the recovery kinetics of (dV/dt)max. Both drugs depressed membrane responsiveness as determined in premature action potentials origi...
Dose-response relation of diazoxide in children with hypertension.
Authors: R CBoerth, W RLong
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Diazoxide was administered to sixteen pediatric patients (ages 10 months to 13 years) with secondary forms of hypertension. Admission BP was 178+/-8/130+/-5 mm Hg (mean +/- SEM). Diazoxide was administered rapidly intravenously in doses ranging from 2 to 7.5 mg/kg. A significant (P less than 0.001), linear log dose-response relation was obtained which showed that a 3 mg/kg dose of diazoxide lowered diastolic BP by an average of 30 mm Hg. In five patients reduction of idastolic BP by a single injection of diazoxide was no different than when the same total dose was given as two or three small injections repeated at fifteen to twenty minute intervals. It is concluded that 1) many hypertensive children respons significantly to doses of diazoxide smaller than the usually recommended 5 mg/kg; 2) diazoxide has a significant dose-response relation in hypertensive pediatric patients; and 3) the desired blood pressure response in hypertensive children can be titrated using repeated small injections of diazoxide.
Ca2+ regulation of mechanical properties of striated muscle. Mechanistic studies using extraction and replacement of regulatory proteins.
Authors: R LMoss
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

Extraction of regulatory proteins from thick and thin filaments of vertebrate striated muscle has proven to be an important approach in elucidating roles of these proteins in regulating contraction and in probing specific mechanisms of activation. For some proteins, such as LC2 and C protein, extraction has been fundamental in demonstrating the importance of these proteins in modulating contraction and the kinetics of cross-bridge interaction. For other proteins, such as TnC and troponin, extraction has provided significant insight into the importance of thin-filament intermolecular cooperativity in modulating Ca2+ sensitivity of the contractile process. A combination of extraction and readdition has provided a means of introducing mutated or derivatized proteins into fibers to accomplish a variety of experimental objectives. The use of this approach is likely to grow with the need to test the functional consequences of site-specific mutations as part of studies directed to mechanisms of regulation or alt...
Intramural myocardial shortening in hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy with normal pump function.
Authors: L CPalmon, NReichek, S BYeon, N RClark, DBrownson, EHoffman, LAxel
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDIn hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), intrinsic myocardial systolic function may be normal or depressed. Magnetic resonance tagging can depict intramural myocardial shortening in vivo.METHODS AND RESULTSTagged left ventricular magnetic resonance images were obtained in 30 hypertensive subjects with LVH (mean LV mass index, 142 +/- 41 g/m) and normal ejection fraction (mean, 64 +/- 9%) using spatial modulation of magnetization. In 26 subjects, circumferential myocardial shortening (%S) was compared with results obtained in 10 normal subjects at endocardium, midwall, and epicardium on up to 4 short-axis slices each. Similarly, in 10 subjects, midwall long-axis shortening at basal, midventricular, and apical sites was compared with results obtained in 12 normal volunteers. Circumferential %S was reduced in hypertensive subjects. Mean shortening was 29 +/- 6% at the endocardium in hypertensive subjects versus 44 +/- 6% in normal subjects (P = .0001); 20 +/- 6% at the midwall versus 30 ...
Pulsus paradoxus in a patient with tricuspid atresia and hypoplastic right heart.
Authors: V CBaum, HTarnoff, J IHoffman
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Increased inspiratory right ventricular filling with a consequent shift of the ventricular septum to the left, thereby decreasing left ventricular filling, has been suggested as a mechanism of pulsus paradoxus. We recently saw a patient with tricuspid atresia and hypoplastic right ventricle who developed pulsus paradoxus. His course may help clarify the contribution of this mechanism.
Sinus node recovery time and calculated sinoatrial conduction time in normal subjects and patients with sinus node dysfunction.
Authors: GBreithardt, LSeipel, FLoogen
Journal: Circulation (1977)

In 61 patients sinus node function was tested by programmed (sinoatrial conduction time, SACT) and overdrive atrial pacing (sinus node recovery time, SRT). In the control group (N = 20), mean sinus cycle length was 773 +/- 140.2 msec, mean absolute SRT 1044 +/- 215.8 msec [corrected SRT (CSRT) 270 +/- 112.5 msec; mean +/- SD] and calculated SACT was 82 +/-19.2 msec. The upper limit of normal SACT was defined as 120 msec. In 41 patients with sinus node dysfunction, mean age (55 +/- 14.7 years), mean spontaneous cycle length during the study (1094 +/- 248.0 msec), the lowest heart rate observed (42 +/- 7.5 beats/min), maximal SRT (2110 +/- 1269.1 msec), maximal CSRT (1016 +/- 1182.8 msec), and calculated SACT (126 +/- 47.3 msec) were significantly longer than in the control group. Abnormalities of sinus node function, as evidenced by the degree of spontaneous bradycardia, SRT and calculated SACT were more frequent in patients with bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome or spontaneous sinoatrial block than in thos...
The Western Washington Intravenous Streptokinase in Acute Myocardial Infarction Randomized Trial.
Authors: J WKennedy, G VMartin, K BDavis, CMaynard, MStadius, F HSheehan, J LRitchie
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Three hundred sixty-eight patients were randomly assigned to receive intravenous streptokinase (IVSK) (n = 191) or standard therapy (n = 177) to determine the efficacy of IVSK in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. The mean time to treatment was 3.5 hr. At 14 days there were 12 deaths in the treatment group (6.3%) and 17 deaths in the control group (9.6%) (p = .23). Early mortality was related to infarct location. Fourteen day mortality for anterior infarctions was 10.4% for treatment with IVSK and 22.4% for control patients (p = .06) and was similar for IVSK-treated patients with inferior infarctions, 4.0% vs 1.8% (p = .32). For those randomized under 3 hr, 14 day mortality tends to be lower in treated patients, 5.2% vs 11.5% (p = .11). There was significant improvement in long-term survival for patients with anterior infarction; 2 year survival was 81% for IVSK-treated patients and 65% for control patients (p = .05). There was no improvement in survival for patients with inferior myocardial in...