tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tubular Reabsorption of Sodium Ion: Influence of Factors Other Than Aldosterone and Glomerular Filtration Rate
Authors: R. W. Schrier, H. E. de Wardener
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Physical FactorsIN recent years numerous investigations have demonstrated effects on urinary sodium excretion of so-called "physical factors" that are independent of glomerular filtration rate and aldosterone activity. These physical factors are considered here under three headings: renal hemodynamic factors; compositional factors; and neural and systemic hemodynamic factors.Renal Hemodynamic Factor n Sodum ReabsorptionEffect of renal arterial pressure. In reference to the kidney, Cushny,1 in 1917, stated that "no other gland is known to respond so readily to changes in blood pressure..." Eight years later Starling and Verney2 gave their opinion that "blood pressure as a factor in the . . .
Matt Morgan: Bursting FOAM’s bubble
Authors: Matt Morgan
Journal: BMJ (2021)

A decade ago, the confluence of technology, internet access, and passionate people led to the explosion of free open access medical education-FOAM.Why read dull academic textbooks, outdated before the ink even dries, when you can listen to experts' experiences of how best to care for patients?And it's entirely free.Blogs, podcasts, and tweetorials soon poured out, promising to democratise medicine, dragging it by its stethoscope into the 21st century.Despite voices warning of the "personality-isation" of medical evidence, FOAM has largely worked.Many medical podcasts have audiences larger than local TV networks, and the reach of a well crafted social media thread from a conference often outstrips the number of bored delegates shuffling in their overpriced seats, desperate for the lunch break to arrive.
Federated learning for predicting clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Ittai Dayan, Holger R. Roth, Aoxiao Zhong, Ahmed Harouni, Amilcare Gentili, Anas Z. Abidin, Andrew Liu, Anthony Beardsworth Costa, Bradford J. Wood, Chien-Sung Tsai, Chih-Hung Wang, Chun-Nan Hsu, C. K. Lee, Peiying Ruan, Daguang Xu, Dufan Wu, Eddie Huang, Felipe Campos Kitamura, Griffin Lacey, Gustavo César de Antônio Corradi, Gustavo Nino, Hao-Hsin Shin, Hirofumi Obinata, Hui Ren, Jason C. Crane, Jesse Tetreault, Jiahui Guan, John W. Garrett, Joshua D. Kaggie, Jung Gil Park, Keith Dreyer, Krishna Juluru, Kristopher Kersten, Marcio Aloisio Bezerra Cavalcanti Rockenbach, Marius George Linguraru, Masoom A. Haider, Meena AbdelMaseeh, Nicola Rieke, Pablo F. Damasceno, Pedro Mario Cruz e Silva, Pochuan Wang, Sheng Xu, Shuichi Kawano, Sira Sriswasdi, Soo Young Park, Thomas M. Grist, Varun Buch, Watsamon Jantarabenjakul, Weichung Wang, Won Young Tak, Xiang Li, Xihong Lin, Young Joon Kwon, Abood Quraini, Andrew Feng, Andrew N. Priest, Baris Turkbey, Benjamin Glicksberg, Bernardo Bizzo, Byung Seok Kim, Carlos Tor-Díez, Chia-Cheng Lee, Chia-Jung Hsu, Chin Lin, Chiu-Ling Lai, Christopher P. Hess, Colin Compas, Deepeksha Bhatia, Eric K. Oermann, Evan Leibovitz, Hisashi Sasaki, Hitoshi Mori, Isaac Yang, Jae Ho Sohn, Krishna Nand Keshava Murthy, Li-Chen Fu, Matheus Ribeiro Furtado de Mendonça, Mike Fralick, Min Kyu Kang, Mohammad Adil, Natalie Gangai, Peerapon Vateekul, Pierre Elnajjar, Sarah Hickman, Sharmila Majumdar, Shelley L. McLeod, Sheridan Reed, Stefan Gräf, Stephanie Harmon, Tatsuya Kodama, Thanyawee Puthanakit, Tony Mazzulli, Vitor Lima de Lavor, Yothin Rakvongthai, Yu Rim Lee, Yuhong Wen, Fiona J. Gilbert, Mona G. Flores, Quanzheng Li
Journal: Nature Medicine (2021)

Federated learning (FL) is a method used for training artificial intelligence models with data from multiple sources while maintaining data anonymity, thus removing many barriers to data sharing. Here we used data from 20 institutes across the globe to train a FL model, called EXAM (electronic medical record (EMR) chest X-ray AI model), that predicts the future oxygen requirements of symptomatic patients with COVID-19 using inputs of vital signs, laboratory data and chest X-rays. EXAM achieved an average area under the curve (AUC) >0.92 for predicting outcomes at 24 and 72 h from the time of initial presentation to the emergency room, and it provided 16% improvement in average AUC measured across all participating sites and an average increase in generalizability of 38% when compared with models trained at a single site using that site's data. For prediction of mechanical ventilation treatment or death at 24 h at the largest independent test site, EXAM achieved a sensitivity of 0.950 and specificity of 0.882. In this study, FL facilitated rapid data science collaboration without data exchange and generated a model that generalized across heterogeneous, unharmonized datasets for prediction of clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19, setting the stage for the broader use of FL in healthcare.
Impact of a central review oncology clinical pharmacist in a community oncology practice.
Authors: Julianna Kula, Shannon Hough, Josh Howell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

68 Background: The impact and role of a clinical pharmacist in a community oncology setting is not well-described in the literature. The US Oncology Network recently implemented a central clinical pharmacist review program (ClinReview) to offer oncology remote clinical pharmacist services to practices. Methods: An oncology-trained clinical pharmacist electronically reviewed recently placed or modified chemotherapy regimen orders within a community oncology practice. The ClinReview pharmacist identified opportunities to modify ordered therapy based on clinical components, waste reduction, or financial stewardship. Recommendations were discussed with the treating oncologist at the practice or modified if permitted by approved practice policy. The pharmacist was appointed at 0.5 full-time equivalents (FTE). Financial and workload metrics were tracked to monitor the impact of the pharmacist work. Results: In 10 weeks, 388 reviews were documented and 191 (49.2%) required a modification by the pharmacist. Recommended modifications included dose rounding (n=90, 47%), a clinical change (n=72, 38%), or product substitution (n=29, 15%). The most common clinical changes included modifications to supportive care (n=32, 44%), recommendations for additional monitoring (n=19, 26%), or modifications to anti-cancer medication dose or frequency (n=18, 25%). The financial impact of the pharmacist resulted in margin improvements totaling $106,043 and a $462,305 reduction in the total cost of care in medication expenses (Table). The expense of the pharmacist during this period was $18,095. The return on investment for the pharmacist compared to margin improvement was 590%. Conclusions: An oncology clinical pharmacist is a cost-effective and valuable member of the care team in community oncology practice. The pharmacist identified opportunities to improve medication safety, regimen optimization, and demonstrated significant financial impact for the practice, payers, and patients.[Table: see text]
T‐cell subsets in the skin and their role in inflammatory skin disorders
Authors: Inge Kortekaas Krohn, Joeri L. Aerts, Karine Breckpot, Cleo Goyvaerts, Edward Knol, Femke Van Wijk, Jan Gutermuth
Journal: Allergy (2021)

T lymphocytes (T cells) are major players of the adaptive immune response. Naive T cells are primed in the presence of cytokines, leading to polarization into distinct T-cell subsets with specific functions. These subsets are classified based on their T-cell receptor profile, expression of transcription factors, surface cytokine and chemokine receptors, and their cytokine production, which together determine their specific function. This review provides an overview of the various T-cell subsets and their function in several inflammatory skin disorders ranging from allergic inflammation to skin tumors. Moreover, we highlight similarities of T-cell responses across different skin disorders, demonstrating the presence of similar and opposing functions for the different T-cell subsets. Finally, we discuss the effects of currently available and promising therapeutic approaches to harness T cells in inflammatory skin diseases for which efficacy next to unwanted side effects provide new insights into the pathophysiology of skin disorders.
It is our governments’ duty to protect health
Authors: Fiona Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2021)

The pandemic has shown how quickly and at what scale governments can act to protect health and health services. But why should it take a pandemic to achieve this? Other clear and present threats to health are all around us, and so too is the evidence that could inform rational collective action.

Climate change must come top of any list of immediate and future threats to human health. Expectations that governments preparing for the United Nations’ climate change conference COP26 will now do what’s needed must be tempered by past failures (bit.ly/3EO61bQ).1 But there is a lot we can and must do to keep up the pressure on our political leaders (doi:10.1136/bmj.n2177 …
Abstract 15235: Circulating Immune Profile of Aging, a Translational Study on the Role of Growth Differentiation Factor-15 and Monokine Induced by Interferon gamma
Authors: Jennifer A Arthur, Sara Bouajila, Myriam Amsallem, Shai Shen Orr, Yukari Kobayashi, Yael Rosenberg-Hasson, Ayelet Alpert, Kegan J Moneghetti, Cornelia Dekker, Kevin Contrepois, Beth A Martin, Tatiana Kouznetsova, Mark Davis, Ioannis Karakikes, Holden T Maecker, Francois Haddad
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: While inflammation is frequently found in elderly individuals, it remains controversial whether healthy aging is associated with an increase in pro-inflammatory markers. Objective: To...
Structural Barriers to African American Living Donor Kidney Transplant
Authors: Silas P. Norman, Yee Lu
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Evaluating health disparities in access to genomic testing for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer patients.
Authors: Brian Yoon, Dilhan Weeraratne, Yull Edwin Arriaga, Hu Huang, Travis John Osterman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

113 Background: Over the past decade, genomic testing has become standard of care for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). These tests qualify patients for additional anti-cancer therapies and should be performed in all patients. Small scale studies at the institutional level have revealed that there may be disparities in genomic testing in NSCLC and not all patients may have similar access to care. In this study, we use the IBM Explorys Electronic Health Record (EHR) database to conduct a nationwide retrospective, observational study to understand how gender, race, insurance type, and spoken language impacts the rate of genomic testing in metastatic NSCLC patients. Methods: From Jan 1st, 2015 to Dec 31st, 2020, the IBM Explorys EHR database comprised 128,119 lung cancer patients using the SNOMED-CT concept of Primary Malignant Neoplasm of the Lung (CID 93880001). As structured staging information was not available, metastatic NSCLC patients were imputed by removing patients who received thoracic surgeries (presumably stage I or II) and those who received radiation therapy (presumably stage III). Following imputation, 120,470 patients with metastatic NSCLC were queried for testing for EGFR, ALK, ROS1, and/or RET. Odds ratios and chi-squared tests were computed for gender, race, insurance type, and spoken language comparing patients that received genomics testing to those who did not. Results: Genomic testing was taken significantly more by male patients (OR: 1.35, p&lt;0.0001), and by Caucasian patients (OR: 1.39, p&lt;0.0001). Compared to the public insurance plans, the genomic testing was significantly more in patients with private insurance plans (OR: 2.48, p&lt;0.0001) and self-pay patients (OR: 2.84, p&lt;0.0001). Patients speaking English as their first language significantly less likely took genomic testing (OR: 0.81, p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: This study aims to identify gaps in health disparities in gender, race/ethnicity, and insurance type for genomic testing that should be standard practice. Future investigation and attention to this issue appears necessary to begin moving from documenting disparities, to understanding them, and ultimately to reducing them.[Table: see text]
Leveraging ageing models of pulmonary fibrosis: the efficacy of nintedanib in ageing
Authors: Kosuke Kato, Yoon-Joo Shin, Sunny Palumbo, Ioannis Papageorgiou, Seongmin Hahn, Joseph D. Irish, Skye P. Rounseville, Robert T. Krafty, Lutz Wollin, Maor Sauler, Louise Hecker
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2021)

<b>Although nintedanib is overwhelmingly prescribed to elderly patients, this is the first study to demonstrate that ageing does not impact the efficacy of nintedanib. This study sheds light on the utility of aged animal models in pulmonary fibrosis.</b>https://bit.ly/3zA9RC5
OS12.6.A Combination therapy of CAR-NK-cells and anti-PD-1 results in high efficacy against advanced-stage glioblastoma in a syngeneic mouse model and induces protective anti-tumor immunity in vivo
Authors: F Strassheimer, M I Strecker, T Alekseeva, J Macas, M C Demes, I C Mildenberger, T Tonn, P J Wild, L Sevenich, Y Reiss, P N Harter, K H Plate, W S Wels, J P Steinbach, M C Burger
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2021)

Abstract INTRODUCTION Checkpoint inhibitors as well as adoptive cell therapy hold promise for cancer therapy and encouraging treatment responses have already been demonstrated in different cancer indications. Glioblastoma (GB) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor. Standard therapy has very limited efficacy in the majority of patients. Analysis of the GB microenvironment (TME) has shown prominent immunosuppressive features, including expression of PD-L1 on tumor cells and increased frequency of FOXP3-positive regulatory T cells. While the surrounding brain is HER2-negative, GB are frequently HER2-positive, suggesting HER2 as a promising target for adoptive immunotherapy. Previous results from mouse glioma models showed efficacy of CAR-NK cells (NK-92/5.28.z) targeted against HER2 as monotherapy with early stage but not with advanced-stage tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS The murine glioma cell line GL261 was transfected with human HER2. Tumor cells were implanted either subcutaneously or orthotopically into C57BL/6 mice and treated either with HER2-specific NK-92/5.28.z cells alone or in combination with an anti-PD-1 antibody. Effects on tumor growth and survival were determined. Lymphocyte infiltration and immunosuppressive TME were characterized via highplex multi-color flow cytometry (FACS Symphony) and IHC (Phenoptics). Furthermore, gene expression profiles of tumor-infiltrating cells were determined via bulk RNAseq (NanoString). RESULTS Combined treatment with NK-92/5.28.z cells and anti-PD-1 checkpoint blockade resulted in synergistic effects, with tumor regression and long-term survival observed even in advanced-stage tumor bearing mice. Analysis of the TME showed changes in lymphocyte infiltration and increased expression of exhaustion markers in tumor and immune upon combined treatment with NK-92/5.28.z cells and anti-PD-1 antibody resulting in an altered TME. Both, PD-1 and Lag-3 expression are highly upregulated on tumor infiltrating T cells. Total infiltrating lymphocytes show a rather cytotoxic phenotype up combination treatment with NK-92/5.28.z cells and anti-PD-1 antibody CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that efficacy of NK-92/5.28.z cells can be enhanced by combination with checkpoint blockade, resulting in successful treatment of advanced tumors refractory to NK-92/5.28.z monotherapy. Furthermore, the combination therapy induced a cytotoxic rather than immunosuppressive TME, leading to a primed immune system. To translate the concept of CAR-NK-cell therapy plus checkpoint inhibition to a clinical setting, we are adding a combination therapy cohort to our ongoing phase I clinical study (CAR2BRAIN; NCT03383978).
HL-60細胞に対するビタミンK2のアポトーシス/分化誘導効果:白血病細胞におけるビタミンK2の二分した性質
Authors: Miyazawa K, Yaguchi M, Funato K, Gotoh A, Kawanishi Y, Yuo K, Ohyashiki K
Journal: Blood (2000)
The British Society of Gastroenterology
Authors: L Donnell, K Heaton, A Shepherd, C Gallachier, P Ross, M Hara, I Varndell, J Polak, A Burroughs, A Philllips, J Dooley, N Epstein
Journal: Gut (1986)

Since 1975 we have treated 95 patients with radiolucent gall stones 1 5 cm in functioning gall bladders with chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) 15 mg/kg (n=74) or ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) 10 mg/kg alone (n=8) or CDCA 8 mg/kg plus UDCA 5 mg/kg (n= 13).Obese patients were asked to lose weight.Three patients have started treatment within the last six months and three were lost to follow up.Of 97 instances of gall stones in the remaining 89 patients there were 46 com- plete dissolutions in 39 patients.Thus the intention to treat dissolution rate of 47%/case and 43%/patient.Partial dis- solution has occurred in six patients still on treatment.Failures were because of no radiological response after 12 months' treat- ment (25), drug side effects (six), occur- rence of cancers (bowel and breast) preventing further treatment (two), failure of compliance (three), inappropriate selec- tion (three) and development of symptoms requiring surgery (five).By life table analysis the cumulative recurrence rates±SE were 13±5% at one year, 22±7% at two years, 33±8% at three years and 48± 10% at four years.Thereafter recurrence rate levelled out, being 56±11% at nine years.Redissolution was achieved in all seven patients who had a second course of therapy but the rerecurrence rate was 73±19% at two years.We conclude that (i) about 50% of dissolutions remain stone free in the long * Because of the time lag between acceptance of abstracts and the meeting, the data presented at the scientific sessions may not correspond exactly to the information contained in the abstracts.
Phase I trial of BB-10901 (huN901-DM1) given daily by IV infusion for three consecutive days every three weeks in patients with SCLC and other CD56-positive solid tumors
Authors: P Lorigan, P Woll, M O'Brien, Y Clinch, K Donaldson, HS Xie, P Wunderli, J Hutchison, RJ Fram
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2005)
NOVELTY: a landmark study in phenotyping and endotyping chronic obstructive airway diseases in real clinical practice
Authors: Renaud Louis, Gilles Louis, Olivier Bonhomme
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2021)

<b>NOVELTY is a prospective real life observational study that investigates asthma, COPD and asthma/COPD overlap over a period of years with the purpose to relate phenotype and endotype to clinical outcomes and disease trajectories</b>https://bit.ly/3qERZRD
A Woman With a Right Atrial Mass
Authors: Seyed Hossein Aalaei-Andabili, Libin Wang, Diljon Chahal
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
US Food and Drug Administration Approval of Aducanumab—Is Amyloid Load a Valid Surrogate End Point for Alzheimer Disease Clinical Trials?
Authors: Vincent Planche, Nicolas Villain
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal