tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Activation of platelets in platelet-rich plasma by rotablation is speed dependent and can be inhibited by abciximab (c7E3 Fab; ReoPro™)
Authors: M.S. Williams, B.S. Coller, H.J. Väänänen, L.E. Scudder, J.D. Marmur
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Data Do Not Support Selection by Target Perfusion Mismatch of Patients for Endovascular Stroke Treatment Within the 16- to 24-Hour Interval
Authors: William J. Powers
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Recent progress in cryoablation cancer therapy and nanoparticles mediated cryoablation
Authors: Kijung Kwak, Bo Yu, Robert J. Lewandowski, Dong-Hyun Kim
Journal: Theranostics (2022)

With rapid advances in modern imaging, minimally invasive ablative procedures have emerged as popular alternatives to surgical removal of tumors. Tumor ablation modalities currently offered in clinical practice include microwave ablation, radiofrequency ablation, cryoablation, high-intensity focused ultrasound, and irreversible electroporation. Cryoablation, a non-heat-based method of ablation, is increasingly being used for treating various solid tumors. Accumulated comparative data of cryoablation versus heat-based ablation techniques (e.g., radiofrequency and microwave ablation) shows superior tumor response and quicker recovery time. Evolving research has demonstrated that nanocarriers may serves as excellent catalysts for the cryoablation therapy, imaging guidance, and the co-delivery of therapeutics for minimally invasive, precise, and complete treatment of cancer with immune modulation. This review article focuses on the current status of cryoablation in clinical practice, considers opportunities for enhancing therapeutic outcomes from cryoablation, and discusses new research in the field, including theranostic nanoparticles-mediated cryotherapy and combinational cryo-based immunotherapies.
Barakat K, Kennon S, Hitman GA, Aganna E, Price CP, Mills PG, Ranjadayalan K, North B, Clark H, Timmis AD. Interaction Between Smoking and the Glycoprotein IIIa P1A2Polymorphism in Non–St-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes.
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Triiodothyronine Radioimmunoassay
Authors: Jeffrey Lieblich, Robert D. Utiger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

Highly specific antisera to triiodothyronine (T(3)) were prepared by immunization of rabbits with T(3)-bovine serum albumin conjugates. Antisera with T(3) binding capacity of up to 600 ng/ml were obtained. The ability of various thyronine derivatives to inhibit the binding of T(3-) (125)I to anti-T(3) serum was found to vary considerably. l-T(3), d-T(3) and several triiodoanalogues were potent inhibitors of the reaction. Little inhibition of T(3-) (125)I binding was produced by l-thyroxine (T(4)) or other tetraiodo- analogues, thyronine or iodotyrosines. Chromatography of several T(4) preparations indicated that most of their very slight activity could be ascribed to contamination with T(3). Successful assay of T(3) in serum was accomplished by the addition of diphenylhydantoin to the assay system. Under these circumstances, recovery of T(3) added to serum was excellent, and addition of T(4) was without significant effect. Serum T(3) concentrations in normal subjects averaged 145 +/-25 ng/100 ml (sd). Increased concentrations (429 +/-146 ng/100 ml) were observed in hyperthyroid patients whereas those with hypothyroidism had serum T(3) levels of 99 +/-24 ng/100 ml. Elevated T(3) concentrations were found also in hypothyroid patients receiving 25 mug or more of T(3) daily and in those receiving 300 mug of T(4) daily. Serial measurements of T(3) concentrations in subjects after oral T(3) administration revealed peak T(3) concentrations 2-4 hr after T(3) administration. Intramuscular administration of thyrotropin (TSH) resulted in earlier and more pronounced increases in serum T(3) than in serum T(4) concentrations. Triiodothyronine (T(3))(1) was recognized to be a biologically active secretory product of the thyroid gland over a decade ago (1). Recent studies have indicated that it is formed extrathyroidally as well (2, 3). Nevertheless, relatively little information concerning the role of T(3) secretion in different thyroid disorders has been accumulated until very recently. Methods for the measurement of T(3) which require its extraction from plasma, and often its separation from thyroxine as well, have been described by several investigators (4-11). These methods have proven useful, but they are relatively complicated, the number of samples that can be assayed is limited, and they may be affected by in vitro deiodination of thyroxine. More recently the radioimmunoassay technique has been applied to the measurement of T(3). Several preliminary reports have appeared describing the preparation of antibody to triiodothyronine by immunization of animals with T(3)-protein conjugates and its use for the measurement of T(3) in serum (12-15). The present report describes the development of a radioimmunoassay for the measurement of T(3), studies of the specificity of the anti-T(3) serum, and some initial studies which indicate that the method is applicable to the measurement of T(3) in unextracted serum.
Abstract 253: Increased Blood Brain Barrier Permeability After Successful Resuscitation in a Rat Model of Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Qinyue Guo, Jin Yang, Zhangle Hu, Yan Xiao, Xiaobo Wu, Jennifer Bradley, Mary Ann Peberdy, Joseph Ornato, Martin Mangino, Wanchun Tang
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: We have previously demonstrated that administration of PEG-20k during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) improves post-resuscitation neurologic function and survival. Since PEG-20k does not cross the blood brain barrier (BBB) during normal circulation due to its size, the mechanism of improved neurologic function remains unclear. The potential mechanism may be related to an increased permeability of the BBB after cardiac arrest and CPR which allows large molecules like PEG-20k to cross. Hypothesis: The BBB is damaged with increased permeability after successful resuscitation from cardiac arrest. Methods: Ten rats were randomized into two groups, 1) CPR+ Evan’s Blue (EB, molecular weight 68kDa) group; 2) NO CPR+EB group. Ventricular fibrillation was induced and untreated for 8 min for all CPR groups. S-100β, NSE and EB concentrations were analyzed for blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability damage. Results: All animals were resuscitated successfully. Brain permeability was increased in the CPR+EB group after 6h of CPR (p&lt;0.01) (Fig 1). Serum S-100β and NSE levels were significantly higher in the CPR group compared to NO CPR+EB group (p &lt; 0.01) (Fig 1). Conclusions: The function of BBB is impaired after successful resuscitation from cardiac arrest with increased permeability.
Abstract 152: Effect of the 2010 CPR Guidelines for Patients With Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Due to Non-Shockable Rhythm
Authors: Tadashi Ashida, Tsukasa Yagi, Ken Nagao, Shigemasa Tani, Eizo Tachibana, Nobutaka Chiba, Naohiro Yonemoto, Morimasa Takayama, Hiroshi Nonogi, Naoya Matsumoto, Yasuo Okumura
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: The 2010 guidelines have stressed that systematic post-cardiac arrest care after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) can improve the likelihood of patient survival with good neurological outcome. However, the 2010 guidelines showed that induced therapeutic hypothermia may be considered for comatose adult patients with ROSC after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) with an initial rhythm of non-shockable (Class IIb). It is unknown whether the post-cardiac arrest care for patients with non-shockable cardiac arrest contributed to favorable neurological outcome. The aim of the present study was to clarify the effects of the 2010 guidelines in patients with ROSC after cardiac arrest due to non-shockable rhythm, using the data of the All-Japan Utstein Registry, a prospective, nationwide, population-based registry of OHCA. Methods: From the data of this registry between 2005 and 2015, we included adult patients with ROSC after out-of-hospital non-shockable cardiac arrest due to cardiac etiology. Study patients were divided into three groups based on the different CPR guidelines; the era of the 2000 guidelines (2000G), the era of the 2005 guidelines (2005G), and the era of the 2010 guidelines (2010G). The endpoint was favorable neurological outcome at 30 days after OHCA. Results: The 31,204 patients who met the inclusion criteria comprised 25,045 with ROSC before arrival at the hospital and 6,259 with ROSC after hospital arrival without prehospital ROSC. Figure showed favorable neurological outcome at 30 days in the three groups. Moreover, multivariable analysis showed that the 2010 guidelines were an independent predictor of favorable neurological outcome at 30 days after OHCA, respectively (Figure). Conclusion: In the patients with ROSC after out-of-hospital non-shockable cardiac arrest, the 2010 guidelines were superior to the 2005 guidelines and the 2000 guidelines, in terms of neurological benefits.
From the Congressional Office of Technology Assessment
Authors: S. J. Frey
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Psychiatry
Authors: Daniel X. Freedman
Journal: JAMA (1980)

The past decade has encompassed momentous attitudinal and regulatory challenges to post-Flexnerian medicine, especially to the governance of its practices and priorities. Issues of costs and equity clash, obscuring concerns for professionalism, physicianship, quality of care, and the knowledge base on which all this depends.<sup>1</sup>Thus, perspective on the psychiatric components of our knowledge base, and the skills available both to psychiatrists (the future supply of which is in doubt<sup>2</sup>) and to general physicians (who may see 60% of known mental disorders<sup>3,4</sup>), may be particularly difficult to sustain.<sup>5</sup>This derives from the very nature of these disorders (striking at fears of lost competence and personal autonomy). Distracting, too, is their span, ranging from acute distress to distinct syndromes and diseases that not only engender a significant excess of morbidity<sup>6-8</sup>and mortality,<sup>9-11</sup>but a small, although highly significant incidence of socially compelling chronic impairments.<sup>12</sup>
OPHTHALMIC PRACTICE
Authors: N. B. Harman
Journal: BMJ (1924)

SEPT.6, 119241 JOURNAS~~~~~~~~~~ are with good reason shocked at the way our foodstuffs are transported and handled.They also find other causes for criticism, though happily there is much they cani admire, and even perhaps a little they might copy, more especially in the way of administration.Yet only the other day, in Liverpool, a distinguished American hygienist commented unfavourably, and it is to be feared justly, on the appear- ance of a crowd congregated in the streets of that great city.He saw there signs of destitution and drink, which it would not have been easy to match in any similar gathering in the United States.Here is evidence of failure and food for thought.The students of the school must be so trained and guided that they will acquire the wider outlook.They must be versed in the elemnents of sociology, they must become apostles of the doctrine of co-ordination and consolidation of social effort in all its ramifications, and there must be impressed upon them the significance of what has been called the " anticipatory work " of the epidemiologist.It will be well if they and their preceptors bear conistantly in minid the truth of Hermann Biggs's dictum, which Dr.
Bladder volume variation in hypofractionated prostate radiotherapy.
Authors: Ronan Joyce, Jake Murphy, Eoin O'Neill, Ciara A. Lyons
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

234 Background: A full bladder for prostate radiotherapy treatment limits overall dose to the bladder and displaces bowel from high dose regions. There is currently no clear consensus on optimum bladder volume for prostate radiotherapy. Inconsistent bladder volumes can cause dosimetric uncertainty, distress, treatment delay and negative toxicity outcomes for patients. To identify potential ways to improve bladder filling consistency we retrospectively analysed bladder volume variation over the course of patients’ treatment and its relationship to various patient and treatment factors. Methods: We included all patients treated with 60gy in 20 fractions to the prostate only over a 1-year period. Standard fractionation, palliative, post-operative, and whole pelvis treatment regimens were excluded from our study. Patient, tumour, and treatment characteristics were collected retrospectively. We recorded patient reported IPSS scores that were completed pre and post treatment. Daily bladder volumes were recorded from cone beam CT (CBCT) retrospectively for a subset of 34 patients and included in correlative analyses with various treatment and patient factors. Results: 69 men were included in this study with a mean planning CT bladder volume of 272ml (79-574). Patients were divided into large ( &gt; 180ml) and small subgroups (N = 46 vs 23). Smaller bladders resulted in a greater post treatment IPSS score (10.2 vs 7.7 (p = 0.2)) and greater change in IPSS (+3.3 vs +1.4 (p = 0.23). The variation of daily bladder volumes as measured by the standard deviation was positively associated with planning CT volume (p &lt; 0.05), variation in daily treatment time (p &lt; 0.05) and urinary symptoms (p = 0.29). Greater discordances between planning CT time and mean radiotherapy time resulted in a greater average difference between CBCT bladder volume and planning CT volume (p = 0.16). There were no appreciable seasonal or diurnal associations for all recorded bladder volumes. Conclusions: Smaller bladder volumes at planning CT are associated with increased urinary symptoms whereas larger volumes undergo more daily variation. This data suggests an optimal planning bladder volume of 200-400ml to minimise on treatment variation. This is the first study to demonstrate a relationship between variation in daily treatment times and daily bladder variation. Synchronisation of planning CT time with patient treatment time preference will enable patients to better replicate planning CT bladder volumes. This, along with several other areas for improvement highlighted by this study have formed the basis for a prospective single centre pilot study.
Estimated Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Adults and Children—United States, September 1–November 30, 2004
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Because of the unexpected reduction in the amount of available inactivated influenza vaccine for the 2004--05 influenza season, on October 5, 2004, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended that the vaccine be reserved for persons in certain priority groups and asked others to defer or forego vaccination. To assess the use of influenza vaccine and the primary reasons reported for not receiving vaccine, beginning November 1, questions were added to the ongoing Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey. This report analyzes data collected during December 1--11 on self-reported vaccination during September 1--November 30, which indicated that persons in nonpriority groups had largely deferred vaccination and that, among unvaccinated adults in priority groups, one fourth tried to get vaccine but were unable to do so. Vaccination coverage was suboptimal for persons in all assessed priority groups. Because influenza activity peaks in February or later in most years, persons in priority groups should continue to seek vaccination.
Real-world experience of axitinib as second-line treatment in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: Analysis of the Swedish population.
Authors: Angela Strambi, Maria Jakobsson, Fredrik Nilsson, Johannes Arpegard, Johan Dalén
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

315 Background: Axitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1-3, was approved in 2012 for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) after failure of prior treatment with sunitinib or a cytokine. Outside of randomized clinical trials, it is important to describe the clinical outcomes of more heterogeneous populations. This analysis aimed to describe time-to-treatment discontinuation (TTD) and overall survival (OS) for second-line (2L) axitinib in a real-world setting for a nationwide Swedish mRCC cohort. Methods: This retrospective analysis utilized the Swedish Health Data Registers, covering the entire Swedish population. Patients (aged ≥ 18 years) with mRCC had ≥ 1 filled prescription of axitinib in the 2L setting, after an anti-angiogenic targeted therapy, from marketing approval until December 2019. This analysis relied on data relating to dispensed pack size, strength and according to dosing as recommended by the product label. A grace period of 90 days was allowed between filled prescriptions including medication accumulated from overlapping prescriptions. Kaplan-Meier methods were used to describe TTD and OS. Results: In total, 110 patients received 2L axitinib. Patients were predominantly male (n = 84, 76.4%) with a mean (SD) age of 60.9 (9.6) years at diagnosis and 65.5 (9.9) years at 2L treatment initiation. Median (95% confidence interval [CI]) time to TTD was 5.2 (3.7, 6.1) months, with 6 (5.5%) patients still receiving treatment at the time of analysis. Median OS (95% CI) was 12.2 (7.7, 14.2) months; 25.5% (n = 28) of patient data remained censored at the time of analysis. Conclusions: OS in this analysis of a real-world Swedish population was generally consistent with that of the pivotal 2L axitinib clinical trial in patients with mRCC who previously received sunitinib (median [95% CI] 15.2 [12.8, 18.3] months; Motzer et al. Lancet Oncol 2013; 14: 552–62). TTD was consistent with the reported progression-free survival (median 6.5 months [95% CI] 5.7–7.9]). These results provide reassurance for the effectiveness of 2L axitinib in an unselected patient population in a real-world setting.
Abstract 17384: Cardiac-Specific Overexpression of Human Mutant Desmoplakin in Mice Disrupts Cardiac Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Expression
Authors: Subat Turdi, Jeffrey A Towbin
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC) is characterized by bi-ventricular dilation, fibro-fatty infiltration and life-threatening arrhythmias. Disruptions in cardiac voltage-gated sodium channel (Nav1.5) expression and function are known to cause arrhythmias. We have demonstrated that cardiac-specific overexpression of human mutant desmoplakin (DSP, Tg-R2834H) in mice leads to AC. However, whether mutant DSP expression in the heart affects the Nav1.5 distribution and function are unknown Hypothesis: Here, we tested whether Nav1.5 localization and expression are altered in the R2834H-Tg mouse hearts. Methods: Primary cardiomyocytes and frozen myocardial sections from non-transgenic (NTg), wild-type DSP (Tg-DSP) and Tg-R2834H mice were used for immunofluorescence studies to assess subcellular localization of DSP, desmin, Nav1.5, Cx43, plakoglobin and β-catenin. Western blot and qPCR were used for quantitative analysis. Results: Double staining of cardiomyocytes from NTg mice with DSP and Nav1.5 revealed that Nav1.5 was colocalized with DSP at the intercalated discs (IDs). In contrast, Tg-R2834H cardiomyocytes exhibited marked increase of mutant DSP expression at the IDs concomitant with a reduction in Nav1.5 immunoreactive signals. Tg-R2834H cardiomyocytes also revealed an aberration of DSP and desmin colocalizations at the IDs. There were not obvious differences in Cx43 expression between the genotypes, although the redistribution of Cx43 from the IDs to the sarcolemma was evident in Tg-R2834H cardiomyocytes. qPCR results correlated with reduced Nav1.5 mRNA expression in the Tg-R2834H mouse hearts. Conclusions: Defective DSP protein expression in the heart disrupts Nav1.5 localization and expression, implying an interaction between DSP and Nav1.5 to orchestrate normal mechanical and electrical coupling. Further electrophysiology studies to assess whole-cell Na + currents in these cardiomyocytes will provide insight into DSP and Nav1.5 interaction.