tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the detection and management of colorectal cancer in England: a population-based study
Authors: Eva J A Morris, Raphael Goldacre, Enti Spata, Marion Mafham, Paul J Finan, Jon Shelton, Mike Richards, Katie Spencer, Jonathan Emberson, Sam Hollings, Paula Curnow, Dominic Gair, David Sebag-Montefiore, Chris Cunningham, Matthew D Rutter, Brian D Nicholson, Jem Rashbass, Martin Landray, Rory Collins, Barbara Casadei, Colin Baigent
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2021)

There are concerns that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative effect on cancer care but there is little direct evidence to quantify any effect. This study aims to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the detection and management of colorectal cancer in England.
THU0201 Ability of the laboratory tests to predict rheumatoid arthritis in patients with early arthritis
Authors: A Saraux, JM Berthelot, G Chales, C Le Henaff, JY Mary, JB Thorel, S Hoang, M Dueymes, V Devauchelle, D Baron, P Le Goff, P Youinou
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine the diagnostic value in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) of various laboratory tests used alone or in combination. <h3>Methods</h3> A cohort of 270 patients with early arthritis was constituted between 1995 and 1997 in seven hospitals in Brittany (France). Each patients underwent at first visit a standardised examination, laboratory tests [rheumatoid factors (RF), the functionnal affinity of IgM-rheumatoid factors, antiperinuclear factor, IgG, IgM and IgA antikeratin antibody (AKA), antiRA33 antibody, antinuclear antibodies, ELISA analysis of IgG glycosylation, circulating immune complexes, IgG 1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG 4, and HLA AB DR typing], and radiographs. They were examined in the same way at six-month intervals until their last visit between June and December 1999, when the diagnosis of RA was made by a panel of five rheumatologists. Ninety-eight (38%) patients were considered as having RA at their final visit. The ability of each test as measured at the initial visit to discriminate between RA and non RA patients was evaluated through sensitivity and specificity. Optimal cutoff for continuous test was derived from Received Operating Characteristic curve. Multiple logistic regression was used to select combination of laboratory tests able to discriminate between RA and non RA patients and the diagnostic value of these combination was evaluated through sensitivity and specificity. <h3>Results</h3> The performance of the combinations using either the pair with the best diagnostic value combined with a third selected laboratory test or multiple logistic regression demonstrated that high levels of IgM RF by ELISA, IgG AKA, and latex test had the strongest association to RA. <h3>Conclusion</h3> IgM-RF by ELISA, IgG-AKA, and the latex test are the best laboratory tests for discriminating between patients with and without RA. The other biological tests did not improve the diagnostic value.
THU0101 Highly elevated levels of the disintegrin metalloproteinase mdc15 in rheumatoid synovial membranes
Authors: B Böhm, T Aigner, CP Blobel, JR Kalden, H Burkhardt
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> MDC15 (ADAM15) belongs to the family of membrane-bound disintegrin metalloproteinases (ADAM or MDC; a disintegrin and metalloproteinase).<sup>1</sup>Some MDCs are involved in (patho-) physiological relevant processes such as remodelling of the extracellular matrix as well as shedding of membrane-bound cytokines (e.g. TNF-alpha).<sup>2</sup>,<sup>3</sup> An implication of MDC15 in degenerative processes of the cartilage matrix is supported by a markedly strong up-regulated expression of this proteinase in the chondrocytes of arthritic cartilage<sup>4</sup> <h3>Objectives</h3> In the present study the expression of MDC15 in synovial membranes of patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) in comparison to osteoarthritic (OA) and normal specimens was analysed. <h3>Methods</h3> Using <i>in situ</i> hybridization the expression of MDC15 mRNA was investigated in RA synovial tissues of synovectomy samples (n = 25), in OA tissues (n = 55) that was obtained at joint replacement surgery of hip or knee joints and normal synovial tissues (n = 8). On protein level the detection of MDC15 was performed by immunohistochemistry. A specific polyclonal antibody was generated in rabbits by immunisation with a synthetic cyclized peptide corresponding to the disintegrin domain. After affinity chromatographic purification specificity of the antibody was confirmed by Western blot analysis using COS-7 cells transfected with the full-length MDC15 cDNA. <h3>Results</h3> By <i>in situ</i> hybridization as well as by immunohistochemistry highest expression of MDC15 could be detected in the synovial lining cells in all RA synovial tissues analysed. In comparison to the RA specimens, far lower levels of expression were observed in the synoviocytes of OA specimens that still exceeded the very low expression found in normal synovial tissues. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The enhanced expression of MDC15 in the rheumatoid synovial lining layer suggests a potential role in the pathophysiology of cartilage destruction, since the membrane-bound proteinase might be of relevance in the activation of matrix metalloproteinases and/or also be involved in the direct proteolytic degradation of extracellular matrix molecules. <h3>References</h3> Primakoff P, Myles DG. Trends Genet. 2000;16:83–7 Chubinskaya S, Cs-Szabo G, Kuettner KE. J Histochem Cytochem. 1998;46:723–30 Patel IR, Attur MG, Patel RN, Stuchin SA, Abagyan RA, Abramson SB, Amin AR. J Immunol. 1998;160:4570–79 Böhm BB, Aigner T, Gehrsitz A, Blobel CP, Kalden JR, Burkhardt H. Arthritis Rheum. 1999;42:1946–50
Atopic eczema in adulthood and mortality: UK population–based cohort study, 1998-2016
Authors: Richard J. Silverwood, Kathryn E. Mansfield, Amy Mulick, Angel Y.S. Wong, Sigrún A.J. Schmidt, Amanda Roberts, Liam Smeeth, Katrina Abuabara, Sinéad M. Langan
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2021)

Atopic eczema affects up to 10% of adults and is becoming more common globally. Few studies have assessed whether atopic eczema increases the risk of death.We aimed to determine whether adults with atopic eczema were at increased risk of death overall and by specific causes and to assess whether the risk varied by atopic eczema severity and activity.The study was a population-based matched cohort study using UK primary care electronic health care records from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink with linked hospitalization data from Hospital Episode Statistics and mortality data from the Office for National Statistics from 1998 to 2016.A total of 526,736 patients with atopic eczema were matched to 2,567,872 individuals without atopic eczema. The median age at entry was 41.8 years, and the median follow-up time was 4.5 years. There was limited evidence of increased hazard for all-cause mortality in those with atopic eczema (hazard ratio = 1.04; 99% CI = 1.03-1.06), but there were somewhat stronger associations (8%-14% increased hazard) for deaths due to infectious, digestive, and genitourinary causes. Differences on the absolute scale were modest owing to low overall mortality rates. Mortality risk increased markedly with eczema severity and activity. For example, patients with severe atopic eczema had a 62% increased hazard (hazard ratio = 1.62; 99% CI = 1.54-1.71) for mortality compared with those without eczema, with the strongest associations for infectious, respiratory, and genitourinary causes.The increased hazards for all-cause and cause-specific mortality were largely restricted to those with the most severe or predominantly active atopic eczema. Understanding the reasons for these increased hazards for mortality is an urgent priority.
Abstract 10320: The Effect of Heart Rate in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: Insights From the TOPCAT Trial
Authors: Ariel Faiwiszewski, Talal Alzahrani, Allen J Solomon, Gurusher Panjrath
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Patients with heart failure and a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) have impaired myocardial relaxation, which contributes to poor cardiac outcomes. Hemodynamic studies have shown tha...
Abstract 14801: Results of the Diabetes LIVE Trial: An Immersive Virtual Environment for Diabetes Self-Management Training and Support
Authors: Allison Vorderstrasse, Gail D Melkus, Wei Pan, Mark Feinglos, Sathya Amarasekara, Katherine Pereira, Louise Reagan, Kathryn Kreider, Sarah Nowlin, Andrew Burd, Nancy Hassell, Constance Johnson
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Online platforms have the potential to reach populations with chronic diseases such as diabetes; yet more interactive, real time formats are needed to engage people. We developed Diab...
Coronavirus in Scotland: The effect of COVID-19 lockdown on admissions with chronic liver disease
Authors: T. Manship, D. Troland, M. Johnston, P. Brennan, J. Saunders, M. Khan, V. Livie, T. Clouston, T. L. Goh, I. A. Murray, S. Campbell, J. Dillon, E. Forrest, A. Fraser, K. J. Simpson
Journal: Hepatology (2020)

Background: COVID-19 lockdown began in Scotland on 23rd March 2020  This was followed by a significant reduction in unselected medical admissions to Scottish hospitals with increased illness severity and in-patient mortality This study aimed to investigate the specific effect of lockdown on admissions with liver disease in Scotland Methods: Patients admitted to 7 major Scottish hospitals with chronic liver disease in April 2020 were identified and compared with admissions in April 2017, 2018 and 2019 (n=459) Data was collected on patient demographics and disease characteristics Socioeconomic deprivation was derived from the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD) in quintiles for analysis (1=most deprived;5=least deprived) Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 22 Results: The median age of the whole cohort was 58 years (IQR: 49-66) They were predominantly male (n=267;58 2%) 204 (44 4%) were from the most deprived quintile of the population The median MELD was 16 (IQR: 12-21) 354 (77 1%) had alcoholic liver disease (ALD) as either the primary or a contributory factor to their disease Median length of stay was 7 days (IQR: 4-14) 46 patients died in hospital giving an inpatient mortality of 9 8% Table 1 outlines the comparisons between patients admitted in April 2020 (n=111) and the previous 3 years (n=348) No difference was seen in age (59 years vs 58;p=0 88) or gender (59 men (53 2%) vs 208 men (59 8%);p=0 22) Severity of liver disease on admission was similar (MELD 15 vs 16;p=0 68) Although serum sodium was reduced in the pre-COVID era group (135 (130-138), n=348) compared with the COVID-lockdown cohort (137 (132-140), n=111) (p=0 01) no significant differences were seen in other blood parameters Length of stay (7 days vs 8 days;p=0 093), inpatient mortality (8 3% vs 10 4%;p=0 51) and socioeconomic deprivation by SIMD (p=0 41) were not significantly different between the two cohorts  There was not a significant difference between the number of patients admitted in each year (poisson regression analysis p=0 37) Conclusion: The lockdown introduced to control the COVID pandemic in Scotland did not have a significant impact on the number, severity of liver disease at presentation or outcomes in patients admitted with chronic liver disease, in contrast with unselected medical admissions in the immediate post lockdown period(Table Presented)
Irreversible electroporation versus chemotherapy with or without radiation for locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Authors: Kavin Sugumar, Jonathan J. Hue, Luke Rothermel, Jeffrey Hardacre, John Brian Ammori, Jordan Michael Winter, Lee M Ocuin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

408 Background: Multi-agent chemotherapy (CT) with or without radiotherapy (RT) is the standard of care for non-metastatic Type B locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has been described as a treatment modality in patients with LAPC but published postoperative morbidity and mortality rates are high for a non-curative procedure. There have been few studies that have compared directly IRE with standard of care CT ± RT. We performed a meta-analysis of the available literature to compare the outcomes between these treatment groups in LAPC. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library in September 2020. Studies that focused on comparing outcomes between IRE and CT ± RT for LAPC were selected for further study. The impact of IRE versus CT ± RT was evaluated using forest plot analysis. Overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) served as the primary endpoints. As a secondary objective, short term morbidity and mortality data in both groups was evaluated. Results: Our search yielded 326 papers. After excluding duplicates, 3 studies met inclusion criteria. All were retrospective. Combined, these studies included clinical data on 3,862 patients. The meta-analysis indicated that patients with LAPC who underwent IRE had better OS (HR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.28-0.74) and PFS (HR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.24-0.60) compared to patients who received CT ± RT. Due to incomplete morbidity, 30-, and 90- day mortality information reported in the included studies, further analysis was not performed for the same. Conclusions: There is a striking paucity of studies comparing IRE with the standard of care treatment approaches for LAPC. Our meta-analysis reveals that IRE has been associated with longer OS and PFS compared to CT ± RT. However, these studies are limited by retrospective study design, heterogeneity of population and chemotherapy regimens, and incomplete morbidity data, precluding any conclusions. Until higher quality, comparative retrospective studies, or more importantly, prospective studies with standardized indications are conducted, IRE should be used with caution and remains experimental in the treatment of PDAC.
<i>Salmonella</i> effector SpvB aggravates dysregulation of systemic iron metabolism via modulating the hepcidin−ferroportin axis
Authors: Qifeng Deng, Sidi Yang, Lanqing Sun, Kedi Dong, Yuanyuan Li, Shuyan Wu, Rui Huang
Journal: Gut Microbes (2021)

Iron withholding, an essential component of nutritional immunity, plays a fundamental role in host resistance to Salmonella infection. Our previous study showed that SpvB, an important pSLT-encoded cytotoxic effector, facilitated Salmonella pathogenesis within macrophages via perturbing cellular iron metabolism. However, the underlying mechanisms of SpvB in Salmonella-relevant disorders of systemic iron metabolism have not yet been identified. Here, we demonstrated that SpvB facilitated Salmonella to scavenge iron from the host by modulating the hepcidin–ferroportin axis, a key regulator of systemic iron metabolism. We observed that SpvB enhanced hepatic hepcidin synthesis in a STAT3-dependent manner, but not the BMP/SMAD pathway. This subsequently resulted in a reduction of the unique cellular iron exporter ferroportin, which facilitated hypoferremia and hepatic iron accumulation and ultimately countered the limitation of iron availability, thereby improving the chances of Salmonella survival and replication. Moreover, SpvB promoted the production of proinflammatory molecules associated with the infiltration of inflammatory cells via highly upregulating TREM-1 signaling. Our data supported a role of TREM-1 in SpvB-related dysregulation of host iron metabolism and suggested that targeting TREM-1 might provide a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent or alleviate Salmonella pathogenesis.
Universal basic income and covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Salil B Patel, Joel Kariel
Journal: BMJ (2021)

The gulf between the wealthiest and poorest had been increasing even before the covid-19 destroyed the globe's health and economies. 1 Recent research indicates a growing depth of poverty, and women and children are the biggest casualties of this deepening divide. 2 The World Bank predicts the number of people in extreme poverty will increase by 70-100 million in 2021 alone. 3 Welfare programmes were often criticised as unable to deal with economic changes, such as the threat of automation and rise in flexible work.However, since March 2020, rising inequality and drastic changes to the labour market have forced governments to implement economic initiatives, such as basic income programmes, that previously would have been politically untenable.Spain, for example, has given €1015 (£900; $1200) a month to 850 000 households most in need, 4 and the US paid $1200 to all adults earning less than $99 000 annually. 5Evidence from the many pre-existing universal basic income schemes 6 suggests they may be a valuable addition to other initiatives to alleviate poverty and improve health outcomes globally.Universal basic income programmes aim to provide a net through which individuals cannot fall by providing unconditional payments to a given population.This is not a new invention, having been discussed in both economic literature and in regards to health inequality. 7In practice, many existing schemes have been guaranteed basic income, which is a means tested approach, as governments have dipped their toes in the water.
ALTER-C-001: Efficacy and safety of anlotinib plus XELOX regimen as first-line treatment followed by maintenance monotherapy of anlotinib for patients with mCRC—A single-arm, multicenter, phase Ⅱ clinical trial.
Authors: Jin Yan, Li Zhang, Yongdong Jin, Yunwei Han, Hao Sun
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

70 Background: The combination of anti-VEGF or anti-EGFR targeted drugs with chemotherapy is considered as the standard first-line therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), and maintenance treatment is proven to be a promising and controversial therapeutic strategy which is mainly involved bevacizumab or capecitabine. However, studies regarding the maintenance strategies based on antiangiogenic TKIs are limited currently. Anlotinib is a novel oral multi-target TKI which can inhibit both tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation simultaneously. Previous studies indicated that anlotinib demonstrated clinical benefits for patients with mCRC. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib plus XELOX as first-line treatment followed by anlotinib maintenance therapy for mCRC. Methods: ALTER-C-001 trial was an open label, single-arm, multicenter phase II study. A calculated sample size of 53 patients with previously untreated mCRC, ranging from 18-75 years old and an ECOG performance status ≤ 1 were planned to recruit. Eligible patients were treated with capecitabine (1000 mg/m 2 , po, d1-14, q3w) and oxaliplatin (130 mg/m 2 , iv, d1, q3w) plus anlotinib (10mg, po, d1~14, q3w) for 6 cycles followed by maintenance therapy of anlotinib (12mg, po, d1~14, q3w) until disease progression or intolerable adverse events (AEs). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints were ORR, DCR, DOR and safety. Results: From January 2020 to September 2020, a total of 9 patients were enrolled, 6 patients were available for efficacy assessment. In best overall response assessment (all confirmed), there were 66.7% PR (4/6), 16.7% SD (1/6) and 16.7% PD (1/6). The preliminary ORR and DCR of the 6 patients was 66.7% (95% CI, 22.3-95.7%) and 83.3% (95% CI, 35.9-99.6%), respectively. The median PFS was not reached. Most treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were grade 1-2. Grade 3 or above TRAEs were as follows: hypertriglyceridemia (33.3%), hypertension (16.7%), neutropenia (16.7%) and lipase elevated (16.7%). No grade 5 AEs were observed. Conclusions: The preliminary results indicated that anlotinib plus XELOX regimen followed by anlotinib monotherapy as first-line treatment exhibited antitumor efficacy and manageable toxicity for patients with mCRC. The study is still ongoing and the data will be updated subsequently. Clinical trial information: ChiCTR1900028417.
OP0142 Family pain history predicts child health status in children with chronic rheumatic disease
Authors: LE Schanberg, KK Anthony, KM Gil, JC Lefebvre, DW Kredich, LM Macharoni
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To examine the relationships between parental and family pain history and the pain report and physician-rated health status of children with chronic rheumatic disease, and to determine whether child coping strategy mediates the relationship between family pain history and the child’s pain and physician-rated health status. <h3>Method</h3> Parents of 100 children were recruited from a paediatric rheumatology clinic during routine visits. Parents completed questionnaires assessing parental pain history and family characteristics. Children in the study completed a series of questionnaires to assess pain and pain coping strategies. A paediatric rheumatologist provided a global assessment of disease severity as an index of child health status. <h3>Results</h3> A high number of parents of children seen in a paediatric rheumatology clinic described a personal pain history. Over 90% of parents reported having at least one chronic pain condition, with an equal proportion reporting an episode of pain in the past month. Correlational analyses indicated that parents reporting higher levels of current pain and higher mean levels of pain during the past month were more likely to have children reporting higher levels of current pain. In addition, parents who sought more treatment for their own pain and reported higher levels of pain-related interference with activity were more likely to have children reporting higher levels of pain and presenting with poorer health status. Finally, a series of mediational statistical models confirmed that child use of the pain coping strategy, catastrophizing, mediated the relationship between several parent and family pain history variables and the child’s own current pain ratings and physician global assessment. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The results from the present study highlight potentially important relationships between parent and child pain experiences and suggest that parents should participate in interventions aimed at improving children’s abilities to cope with pain.