tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Closed incision negative pressure wound therapy versus standard dressings in obese women undergoing caesarean section: multicentre parallel group randomised controlled trial
Authors: Brigid M Gillespie, Joan Webster, David Ellwood, Lukman Thalib, Jennifer A Whitty, Kassam Mahomed, Vicki Clifton, Sailesh Kumar, Adam Wagner, Evelyn Kang, Wendy Chaboyer
Journal: BMJ (2021)

To determine the effectiveness of closed incision negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) compared with standard dressings in preventing surgical site infection (SSI) in obese women undergoing caesarean section.Multicentre, pragmatic, randomised, controlled, parallel group, superiority trial.Four Australian tertiary hospitals between October 2015 and November 2019.Eligible women had a pre-pregnancy body mass index of 30 or greater and gave birth by elective or semi-urgent caesarean section.2035 consenting women were randomised before the caesarean procedure to closed incision NPWT (n=1017) or standard dressing (n=1018). Allocation was concealed until skin closure.The primary outcome was cumulative incidence of SSI. Secondary outcomes included depth of SSI (superficial, deep, or organ/body space), rates of wound complications (dehiscence, haematoma, seroma, bleeding, bruising), length of stay in hospital, and rates of dressing related adverse events. Women and clinicians were not masked, but the outcome assessors and statistician were blinded to treatment allocation. The pre-specified primary intention to treat analysis was based on a conservative assumption of no SSI for a minority of women (n=28) with missing outcome data. Post hoc sensitivity analyses included best case analysis and complete case analysis.In the primary intention to treat analysis, SSI occurred in 75 (7.4%) women treated with closed incision NPWT and in 99 (9.7%) women with a standard dressing (risk ratio 0.76, 95% confidence interval 0.57 to 1.01; P=0.06). Post hoc sensitivity analyses to explore the effect of missing data found the same direction of effect (closed incision NPWT reducing SSI), with statistical significance. Blistering occurred in 40/996 (4.0%) women who received closed incision NPWT and in 23/983 (2.3%) who received the standard dressing (risk ratio 1.72, 1.04 to 2.85; P=0.03).Prophylactic closed incision NPWT for obese women after caesarean section resulted in a 24% reduction in the risk of SSI (3% reduction in absolute risk) compared with standard dressings. This difference was close to statistical significance, but it likely underestimates the effectiveness of closed incision NPWT in this population. The results of the conservative primary analysis, multivariable adjusted model, and post hoc sensitivity analysis need to be considered alongside the growing body of evidence of the benefit of closed incision NPWT and given the number of obese women undergoing caesarean section globally. The decision to use closed incision NPWT must also be weighed against the increases in skin blistering and economic considerations and should be based on shared decision making with patients.ANZCTR identifier 12615000286549.
THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE LOCKDOWN ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Authors: Assia Aajal, Badre El Boussaadani, Loubna Hara, Chakib Benajiba, Oussama Boukouk, Mehdi Benali, Oussama Ouadfel, Houssam Bendoudouch, Nabil Zergoune, Dan Alkattan, Zaynab Mahdi, Adil Najdi, Zainab Raissouni
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
静磁場と電場への曝露は2型糖尿病を治療する【JST・京大機械翻訳】
Authors: S Carter Calvin, C Huang Sunny, C Searby Charles, Cassaidy Benjamin, J Miller Michael, J Grzesik Wojciech, B Piorczynski Ted, K Pak Thomas, A Walsh Susan, Acevedo Michael, Zhang Qihong, A Mapuskar Kranti, L Milne Ginger, O Hinton Antentor, Guo Deng-Fu, Weiss Robert, Bradberry Kyle, B Taylor Eric, J Rauckhorst Adam, W Dick David, Akurathi Vamsidhar, C Falls-Hubert Kelly, A Wagner Brett, A Carter Walter, Wang Kai, W Norris Andrew, Rahmouni Kamal, R Buettner Garry, M Hansen Jason, R Spitz Douglas, Abel E. Dale, C Sheffield Val
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2020)
Long‐term results of low‐intensity chemotherapy with clofarabine or cladribine combined with low‐dose cytarabine alternating with decitabine in older patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Tapan M. Kadia, Farhad Ravandi, Gautam Borthakur, Marina Konopleva, Courtney D. DiNardo, Naval Daver, Naveen Pemmaraju, Rashmi Kanagal‐Shamanna, Xuemei Wang, Xuelin Huang, Sherry Pierce, Caitlin Rausch, Jan Burger, Alessandra Ferrajoli, Nitin Jain, Uday Popat, Zeev Estrov, Srdan Verstovsek, Elias Jabbour, Guillermo Garcia‐Manero, Hagop Kantarjian
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2021)

Abstract The treatment of older patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) using intensive chemotherapy is associated with treatment intolerance and poor survival. We evaluated two new lower‐intensity regimens with clofarabine (n = 119) or cladribine (n = 129) combined with low‐dose cytarabine (LDAC) alternating with decitabine. We reviewed response rates by subgroup and long term outcomes of 248 patients with newly diagnosed non core‐binding‐factor AML treated on two clinical trials investigating double nucleoside‐analogue therapy (DNT) alternating with HMA from October, 2008 to April, 2018. Of 248 patients with a median age of 69 years (range, 49–85 years), 102 patients (41%) were ≥ 70 years, and 108 (44%) had adverse karyotype. Overall, 164 patients (66%) responded: 147 (59%) complete remission (CR) and 17 (7%) CR with incomplete count recovery (CRi). With a median follow up of 60 months, median relapse‐free and overall survival (OS) were 10.8 and 12.5 months, respectively. The 2‐year OS was 29%. Among patients with normal karyotype, the CR/CRi rate was 79% and the median OS 19.9 months. High response rates and OS were observed in patients with mutations in NPM1 , FLT3, IDH2 , and RUNX1 . The 4‐ and 8‐week mortality rates were 2% and 11%, respectively. The backbone of clofarabine or cladribine and LDAC alternating with decitabine was effective and safe for the treatment of older patients with newly diagnosed AML. Incorporating targeted therapies could extend the efficacy of this approach and provide more curative therapeutic options in this AML population.
A commentary on “The application of virtual reality in the training of laparoscopic surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis” (Int J Surg; 87:105859)
Authors: Kevin Andrés de León Caez, José Julián García Paredes, Camilo Andrés Escobar Pacheco, Michael Gregorio Ortega Sierra, Ivan David Lozada-Martínez
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2021)
Trends in Incidence of Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Association With Antithrombotic Drug Use in Denmark, 2005-2018
Authors: Stine Munk Hald, Sören Möller, Luis Alberto García Rodríguez, Rustam Al-Shahi Salman, Mike Sharma, Hanne Christensen, Maja Hellfritzsch, Anton Pottegård, Jesper Hallas, David Gaist
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

<h3>Importance</h3> Spontaneous (nontraumatic) intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most severe complication of antithrombotic drug use. <h3>Objectives</h3> To estimate the strength of association between use of antithrombotic drugs and risk of ICH and to examine major changes in the incidence of ICH in the general population. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This case-control study of patients with a first-ever ICH from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2018, matched by age, sex, and calendar year with general population controls (1:40 ratio), assessed case and control patients 20 to 99 years of age in population-based nationwide registries in Denmark (population of 5.8 million). <h3>Exposures</h3> Use of low-dose aspirin, clopidogrel, a vitamin K antagonist (VKA), or a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC). <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Association of ICH with antithrombotic drug use, annual age- and sex-standardized incidence rate of ICH, and prevalence of treatment with antithrombotic drugs. Conditional logistic regression models estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) (95% CIs) for the association of antithrombotic drugs with ICH. <h3>Results</h3> Among 16 765 cases with ICH (mean [SD] age, 72.8 [13.1] years; 8761 [52.3%] male), 7473 (44.6%) were exposed to antithrombotic medications at the time of ICH onset. The association with ICH was weakest for current use of low-dose aspirin (cases: 28.7%, controls: 22.6%; aOR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.44-1.59) and clopidogrel (cases: 6.2%, controls: 3.4%; aOR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.47-1.84) and strongest with current use of a VKA (cases: 12.0%, controls: 5.0%; aOR, 2.76; 95% CI, 2.58-2.96). The association with ICH was weaker for DOACs (cases: 3.0%, controls: 1.8%; aOR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.61-2.07) than for VKAs. Compared with 2005, the prevalence of use of oral anticoagulants among general population controls in 2018 was higher (3.8% vs 11.1%), predominantly because of increased use of DOACs (DOACs: 0% vs 7.0%; VKA: 3.8% vs 4.2%). Antiplatelet drugs were used less frequently (24.7% vs 21.4%) because of decreased use of low-dose aspirin (24.3% vs 15.3%), whereas clopidogrel use increased (1.0% vs 6.8%). The age- and sex-standardized incidence rate of ICH decreased from 33 per 100 000 person-years in 2005 to 24 per 100 000 person-years in 2018 (<i>P</i> &lt; .001 for trend). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In Denmark from 2005 to 2018, use of antithrombotic drugs, especially VKAs, was associated with ICH. Although use of oral anticoagulation increased substantially during the study period, the incidence rate of ICH decreased.
Tuning gelatin-based hydrogel towards bioadhesive ocular tissue engineering applications
Authors: Sina Sharifi, Mohammad Mirazul Islam, Hannah Sharifi, Rakibul Islam, Darrell Koza, Felisa Reyes-Ortega, David Alba-Molina, Per H. Nilsson, Claes H. Dohlman, Tom Eirik Mollnes, James Chodosh, Miguel Gonzalez-Andrades
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)

Gelatin based adhesives have been used in the last decades in different biomedical applications due to the excellent biocompatibility, easy processability, transparency, non-toxicity, and reasonable mechanical properties to mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM). Gelatin adhesives can be easily tuned to gain different viscoelastic and mechanical properties that facilitate its ocular application. We herein grafted glycidyl methacrylate on the gelatin backbone with a simple chemical modification of the precursor, utilizing epoxide ring-opening reactions and visible light-crosslinking. This chemical modification allows the obtaining of an elastic protein-based hydrogel (GELGYM) with excellent biomimetic properties, approaching those of the native tissue. GELGYM can be modulated to be stretched up to 4 times its initial length and withstand high tensile stresses up to 1.95 MPa with compressive strains as high as 80% compared to Gelatin-methacryloyl (GeIMA), the most studied derivative of gelatin used as a bioadhesive. GELGYM is also highly biocompatible and supports cellular adhesion, proliferation, and migration in both 2 and 3-dimensional cell-cultures. These characteristics along with its super adhesion to biological tissues such as cornea, aorta, heart, muscle, kidney, liver, and spleen suggest widespread applications of this hydrogel in many biomedical areas such as transplantation, tissue adhesive, wound dressing, bioprinting, and drug and cell delivery.
STRUCTURAL INEQUITIES IN THE PSYCHOSOCIAL EVALUATION FOR LVAD: A MIXED-METHOD SURVEY OF LVAD SOCIAL WORKERS
Authors: Christopher E. Knoepke, Bonnie Siry, Caitlin Mayton, Abigail Latimer, Kate Ytell, Johnny Williams, Janis Hart, Prateeti Khazanie
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
LONGITUDINAL TRAJECTORIES OF REMOTELY-MONITORED ACTIVITY DATA IN PATIENTS WITH STABLE ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE (SIHD): A REPORT FROM THE PREDICTION, RISK, AND EVALUATION OF MAJOR ADVERSE CARDIAC EVENTS (PRE-MACE) STUDY
Authors: Gillian Gresham, Benita Tjoe, Sandy Joung, Corey Arnold, Sumeesh Dhawan, Garth Fuller, William Speier, Mitra Mastali, Kelly Mouapi, Irene Van Den Broek, Janet Wei, Brennan Spiegel, Jennifer Van Eyk, C. Noel Bairey Merz, Chrisandra Shufelt
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Inside and Out
Authors: Maximilian F. Konig, Vasanth Sathiyakumar, Casey M. Phan, Steven P. Schulman, Allan C. Gelber
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

A 38-year-old woman who walked several hours per day as a mail carrier had sudden substernal chest pain accompanied by shortness of breath on her way home from work. Emergency coronary angiography and transthoracic echocardiography are shown in videos.
Anti-PEG IgM production and accelerated blood clearance phenomenon after the administration of PEGylated exosomes in mice
Authors: Sherif E. Emam, Nehal E. Elsadek, Amr S. Abu Lila, Haruka Takata, Yoshino Kawaguchi, Taro Shimizu, Hidenori Ando, Yu Ishima, Tatsuhiro Ishida
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2021)
Misconceptions about CPR distress patients at the end of life and bereaved people
Authors: Santhanam Sundar
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Is any other medical procedure more affected by a misconception about its usefulness in real life patients than cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)?12 This misunderstanding is causing untold misery to many patients and families who are often under the impression that an active treatment is being withheld from those who could potentially benefit from it.

Television dramas and Hollywood movies, which portray CPR as …
DUAL ANTIPLATELET THERAPY FOR 1 TO 3 MONTHS IS SUPERIOR TO 12 MONTHS AFTER CORONARY STENTING
Authors: Leonardo Mees Knijnik, Marcelo Fernandes, Rhanderson Cardoso, Raul Montanez-Valverde, Manuel Rivera Maza, Abhinav Goyal, Henry Liberman, Mauricio Cohen, Laurence Sperling, Michael McDaniel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
2021 EULAR recommendations for the implementation of self-management strategies in patients with inflammatory arthritis
Authors: Elena Nikiphorou, Eduardo José Ferreira Santos, Andrea Marques, Peter Böhm, Johannes WJ Bijlsma, Claire Immediato Daien, Bente Appel Esbensen, Ricardo J O Ferreira, George E Fragoulis, Pat Holmes, Hayley McBain, George S Metsios, Rikke Helene Moe, Tanja A Stamm, Annette de Thurah, Condruta Zabalan, Loreto Carmona, Ailsa Bosworth
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

Background An important but often insufficient aspect of care in people with inflammatory arthritis (IA) is empowering patients to acquire a good understanding of their disease and building their ability to deal effectively with the practical, physical and psychological impacts of it. Self-management skills can be helpful in this regard. Objectives To develop recommendations for the implementation of self-management strategies in IA. Methods A multidisciplinary taskforce of 18 members from 11 European countries was convened. A systematic review and other supportive information (survey of healthcare professionals (HCPs) and patient organisations) were used to formulate the recommendations. Results Three overarching principles and nine recommendations were formulated. These focused on empowering patients to become active partners of the team and to take a more proactive role. The importance of patient education and key self-management interventions such as problem solving, goal setting and cognitive behavioural therapy were highlighted. Role of patient organisations and HCPs in promoting and signposting patients to available resources has been highlighted through the promotion of physical activity, lifestyle advice, support with mental health aspects and ability to remain at work. Digital healthcare is essential in supporting and optimising self-management and the HCPs need to be aware of available resources to signpost patients. Conclusion These recommendations support the inclusion of self-management advice and resources in the routine management of people with IA and aim to empower and support patients and encourage a more holistic, patient-centred approach to care which could result in improved patient experience of care and outcomes.
ESTIMATING HEART RATE IN ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY PATIENTS WHERE ECG MONITORING WAS NOT PERFORMED
Authors: Andrew Parker, Arian Beqiri, Angela Mumith, Mihaela Porumb, Shan Gao, Ross Upton, Paul Leeson, Jamie O’Driscoll, Riswan Sarwar, Gary Woodward
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
RISKS OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION, ISCHEMIC STROKE, AND CEREBRAL INFARCTS WITH THE AMYLOIDOGENIC V122I TRANSTHYRETIN VARIANT AMONG BLACK AMERICANS
Authors: Senthil Selvaraj, Brian Claggett, Masatoshi Minamisawa, B. Gwen Windham, Lin Chen, Riccardo Inciardi, Joel Buxbaum, Thomas Mosley, Amil Shah, Scott Solomon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
THE ROLE OF BODY MASS INDEX ON PROGRESSION OF DEGENERATIVE AORTIC ROOT DILATATION
Authors: Internal M. Avinashsingh Eswarsingh, Tareq Islam, Abhishek Bose, Anjani Muthyala, Sai Vikram Alampoondi Venkataramanan, Shanil Shah, Shamitha Alisa Manohar, Shwetha Rupendu, Neeta Shah
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Point-of-Care Ultrasonography in Patients With Acute Dyspnea: An Evidence Report for a Clinical Practice Guideline by the American College of Physicians
Authors: Gerald Gartlehner, Gernot Wagner, Lisa Affengruber, Andrea Chapman, Andreea Dobrescu, Irma Klerings, Angela Kaminski-Hartenthaler, Alexander O. Spiel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2021)

Background: Dyspnea is a common and often debilitating symptom with a complex diagnostic work-up. Purpose: To evaluate the benefits, harms, and diagnostic test accuracy of point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) in patients with acute dyspnea. (PROSPERO: CRD42019126419) Data Sources: Searches of multiple electronic databases without language limitations (January 2004 to August 2020) and reference lists of pertinent articles and reviews. Study Selection: Five randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 44 prospective cohort-type studies in patients with acute dyspnea evaluated POCUS as a diagnostic tool to determine the underlying cause of dyspnea. Two investigators independently screened the literature for inclusion. Data Extraction: Data abstraction by a single investigator was confirmed by a second investigator; 2 investigators independently rated risk of bias and determined certainty of evidence. Data Synthesis: Point-of-care ultrasonography, when added to a standard diagnostic pathway, led to statistically significantly more correct diagnoses in patients with dyspnea than the standard diagnostic pathway alone. In-hospital mortality and length of hospital stay did not differ significantly between patients who did or did not receive POCUS in addition to standard diagnostic tests. Finally, POCUS consistently improved the sensitivities of standard diagnostic pathways to detect congestive heart failure, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, pleural effusion, or pneumothorax; specificities increased in most but not all studies. Limitations: Most studies assessed diagnostic test accuracy, which has limited utility for clinical decision making. Studies rarely reported on the proportion of indeterminate sonography results, and no evidence is available on adverse health outcomes of false-positive or false-negative POCUS results. Conclusion: Point-of-care ultrasonography can improve the correctness of diagnosis in patients with acute dyspnea. Primary Funding Source: American College of Physicians.
PREDICTORS OF LEFT BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK AFTER TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Tarec Elajami, Daniela Urina, Mohamad Elajami, Hisham Bahmad, Ghassan Ghssein, Ali Salami, Esteban Escolar, Christos Mihos, Nirat Beohar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Abstract 240: Are the Same Resuscitation Protocols Needed for Highly Aged Victims With Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest as Middle or Younger Aged?
Authors: Hiroyuki Hanada, Yoshio Tahara, Satoshi Yasuda, Teruo Noguchi, Kunihiro Nishimura, Naohiro Yonemoto, Hiroaki Shimokawa, Hiroshi Nonogi, Ken Nagao
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Backgrounds: The population of elderly people aged 65 years or older in 2014 is 33 million, and the aging rate (proportion of the total population) is 26.0% in Japan. Victims facing to out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) are getting older and older. Emergency medical system (EMS) in Japan must do the same resuscitation protocols once called to the patient with OHCA, even when he or she is very old and activity of daily life is very low. We need to clarify whether same resuscitation protocols are required to very highly aged patients with OHCA or not. Methods and Results: From January 2005 through December 2014, we conducted a prospective, population-based, observational study involving the consecutive patients across Japan who had OHCA (n= 1,299,784). The percentage of patients with OHCA aged more than 80 years old was increasing from 37.1% in 2005 to 47.8% in 2014 by 1% each year. Survival at one month after OHCA with cerebral performance category (CPC) scale 1 or 2 were 4,368 out of total 318,590 OHCA (1.4%) in 80’s, 1043 out of 126,546 (0.8%) in 90’s, and 35 out of 5,544 (0.6%) in aged more than 100 (from 100 to 114). Survival at one month after OHCA with CPC scale 1 or 2 was 11.084 out of 234,366 (4.7%) in 50- 60’s. Patients with witnessed OHCA with shockable rhythm and by-stander CPR survived to CPC 1 or 2 at one month after OHCA were 8.0% in 80’s, 4.1% in 90’s, 0 in aged more than 100, and 22.2% in 50-60’s respectably. Conclusion: Number of survivors with CPC 1 or 2 were very few in patients with OHCA aged more than 80 years old, but still existed. Although the same resuscitation protocols are needed for highly aged victims with OHCA, another system which arrow EMS to stop resuscitation should be established in the highly aging society.
SH3-DOMAIN BINDING GLUTAMIC ACID RICH DEFICIENCY AUGMENTS APOPTOSIS IN NEONATAL RAT CARDIOMYOCYTES
Authors: Anushka Deshpande, Ankush Borlepawar, Lynn Christen, Alexandra Rosskopf, Derk Frank, Norbert Frey, Ashraf Yusuf Rangrez
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Recipient Hematopoietic, but Not Non-Hematopoietic, Antigen-Presenting Cells Are Indispensable for CD4+ T-Cell-Mediated Xenogeneic Graft-Versus-Host Disease
Authors: Yasufumi Kawasaki, Kazuya Sato, Hiroko Hayakawa, Norihito Takayama, Hirofumi Nakano, Kiyomi Mashima, Daisuke Minakata, Ryoko Yamasaki, Kaoru Morita, Masahiro Ashizawa, Chihiro Yamamoto, Kaoru Hatano, Shin-ichiro Fujiwara, Iekuni Oh, Ken Ohmine, Kazuo Muroi, Yoshinobu Kanda
Journal: Blood (2017)