tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of type 2 inflammatory diseases in pediatric patients with atopic dermatitis: Real-world evidence
Authors: Amy S. Paller, Paola Mina-Osorio, Francis Vekeman, Susan Boklage, Usha G. Mallya, Sohini Ganguli, Mandeep Kaur, Marie-Noëlle Robitaille, Elaine C. Siegfried
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2021)

Patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) are considered at increased risk of developing other type 2 inflammatory diseases. However, real-world evidence based on large commercially insured pediatric populations in the United States is scarce.To use a large claims database (IBM MarketScan 2013-2017) in the United States to assess prevalence and incidence of type 2 inflammatory diseases in pediatric patients with AD.Pediatric patients with AD were matched 1:1 to patients without AD. Prevalence was assessed for conjunctivitis, rhinitis, urticaria, asthma, eosinophilic esophagitis, and chronic rhinosinusitis/nasal polyps at the 12 months' post-index date (the first AD diagnosis date for patients with AD; a randomly selected outpatient visit for control patients). The incidence of other type 2 inflammatory diseases post-index was assessed among patients 0-2 years of age.A total of 244,776 AD and matched non-AD patients were selected. The prevalence and incidence of type 2 inflammatory diseases were higher among patients with AD. Overall, the prevalence more than doubled for asthma, eosinophilic esophagitis, urticaria, and rhinitis, and increased with AD severity.AD identification was based on billing diagnoses; the observation period was only 12 months; and the study was limited to commercially insured patients.The burden of type 2 inflammatory diseases in pediatric patients with AD is substantial, highlighting the need to optimize management of AD and its numerous associated morbidities.
Correction to: Neurodegenerative diseases: a hotbed for splicing defects and the potential therapies
Authors: Dunhui Li, Craig Stewart McIntosh, Frank Louis Mastaglia, Steve Donald Wilton, May Thandar Aung-Htut
Journal: Translational Neurodegeneration (2021)

Following publication of the original article [1], the authors would like to correct a formula from “T > C” to “C > T” in two paragraphs...
Racial profiling for induction of labour: improving safety or perpetuating racism?
Authors: Christine Douglass, Amali Lokugamage
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Competing interests: CD is chair of the BMA Patient Liaison Group.AUL is on the board of directors of the International MotherBaby Childbirth organisation and is also a member of the Patient and Public Voice Partners for NHS England, in both cases deriving
The Novavax vaccine had 90% efficacy against COVID-19 ≥7 d after the second dose
Authors: Henry S. Sacks
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2021)

Source CitationHeath PT, Galiza EP, Baxter DN, et al. Safety and efficacy of NVX-CoV2373 Covid-19 vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2021;385:1172-83. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34192426/AbstractClinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Infectious Disease: Public Health:
Elimination versus mitigation of SARS-CoV-2 in the presence of effective vaccines
Authors: Miquel Oliu-Barton, Bary S R Pradelski, Yann Algan, Michael G Baker, Agnes Binagwaho, Gregory J Dore, Ayman El-Mohandes, Arnaud Fontanet, Andreas Peichl, Viola Priesemann, Guntram B Wolff, Gavin Yamey, Jeffrey V Lazarus
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2021)

SummaryThere is increasing evidence that elimination strategies have resulted in better outcomes for public health, the economy, and civil liberties than have mitigation strategies throughout the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. With vaccines that offer high protection against severe forms of COVID-19, and increasing vaccination coverage, policy makers have had to reassess the trade-offs between different options. The desirability and feasibility of eliminating SARS-CoV-2 compared with other strategies should also be re-evaluated from the perspective of different fields, including epidemiology, public health, and economics. To end the pandemic as soon as possible—be it through elimination or reaching an acceptable endemic level—several key topics have emerged centring around coordination, both locally and internationally, and vaccine distribution. Without coordination it is difficult if not impossible to sustain elimination, which is particularly relevant in highly connected regions, such as Europe. Regarding vaccination, concerns remain with respect to equitable distribution, and the risk of the emergence of new variants of concern. Looking forward, it is crucial to overcome the dichotomy between elimination and mitigation, and to jointly define a long-term objective that can accommodate different political and societal realities.
Priority setting and net zero healthcare: how much health can a tonne of carbon buy?
Authors: Anand Bhopal, Ole F Norheim
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Cutting carbon emissions in healthcare requires trade-offs for clinicians, administrators, and global health policy makers and must be included when evaluating interventions, argue <b>Anand Bhopal</b> and <b>Ole F Norheim</b>
TCT-234 Outcomes After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Bicuspid Versus Tricuspid Anatomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Claudio Montalto, Alessandro Sticchi, Gabriele Crimi, Alessandra Laricchia, Arif Khokhar, Francesco Giannini, Bernhard Reimers, Antonio Colombo, Azeem Latib, Ron Waksman, Antonio Mangieri
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Preventing Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 During College Football Games
Authors: KC Coffey, Preeti Malani, Daniel J. Morgan
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

Benika C. Dixon, DrPH, MPH; Rebecca S. B. Fischer, PhD, MPH; Hongwei Zhao, ScD; Catherine S. O'Neal, MD; James R. Clugston, MD, MS; Shawn G. Gibbs, PhD, MBA
Evaluation of Changes in Grams of Sugar Sold After the Implementation of the Seattle Sweetened Beverage Tax
Authors: Lisa M. Powell, Julien Leider, Vanessa M. Oddo
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

<h3>Importance</h3> Adults and children routinely exceed recommended intake amounts of added sugars established by dietary guidelines. Taxes are used as a policy tool to reduce demand for sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) given consumption-related adverse health outcomes but may induce substitution to other sources of added sugars. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine the extent to which changes in grams of sugar sold from taxed beverages may be offset by changes in grams of sugar sold from untaxed beverages, sweets, and stand-alone sugar after the implementation of the Seattle, Washington, Sweetened Beverage Tax (SBT) on January 1, 2018. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This study used difference-in-differences analyses to examine changes in grams of sugar sold from taxed and untaxed products in Seattle compared with Portland, Oregon, at year 1 and year 2 post tax. This study used Nielsen scanner data from supermarkets and mass merchandise as well as grocery, drug, convenience, and dollar stores on unit sales and measurements for beverage and food product universal product codes (UPCs) for each site for the pretax period (January 8-December 30, 2017) and the corresponding weeks in year 1 post tax (2018) and in year 2 post tax (2019). Nutritional analyses assessed grams of sugar for each UPC. The analytical balanced sample included 1326 taxed beverage UPCs, 239 untaxed beverage UPCs, 2054 sweets UPCs, and 81 stand-alone sugar UPCs. Statistical analysis was performed from January to August 2021. <h3>Exposures</h3> Implementation of the Seattle SBT. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Changes in grams of sugar sold from taxed beverages, untaxed beverages, sweets, and stand-alone sugar. <h3>Results</h3> At both year 1 and year 2 post tax in Seattle compared with Portland, grams of sugar sold from taxed beverages decreased 23% (year 2 posttax ratio of incidence rate ratios [RIRR] = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.73-0.80). Sugar sold from untaxed beverages increased at year 1 post tax by 4% (RIRR = 1.04; 95% CI, 1.00-1.07) with no change at year 2 post tax. Sugar sold from sweets increased by 4% at both year 1 and year 2 post tax (year 2 posttax RIRR = 1.04; 95% CI, 1.03-1.06). There were no changes in stand-alone sugar sold. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> This study using difference-in-differences analysis found a net 19% reduction in grams of sugar sold from taxed SSBs at year 2 post tax after accounting for changes in sugar sold from untaxed beverages, sweets, and stand-alone sugar. These results suggest that SSB taxes may effectively yield permanent reductions in added sugars sold from SSBs in food stores.
Highly Selective Irreversible ITK Inhibitor Cpi-818 Reduces Acute Graft-Versus Host Disease
Authors: Sarah Lindner, Nicole Lee, Gabriel K Armijo, Marina D Burgos da Silva, Pamela S Herrera, Chi L Nguyen, Emmanuel A Dwomoh, Romina Ghale, Melody Smith, Miguel-Angel Perales, Kate A Markey, Joseph J Buggy, James W Janc, Marcel van den Brink
Journal: Blood (2021)
1278P SHR-1701, a bifunctional fusion protein targeting PD-L1 and TGF-β, as first-line therapy for PD-L1+ advanced/metastatic NSCLC: Data from a clinical expansion cohort of a phase I study
Authors: J. Feng, J. Chen, K. Li, X. Li, X. Min, B. Li, L. Lin, Y. Fang, Y. Sun, B. Zhu, Q. Wang, L. Wang, J. Zou, P. Liu
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
An ISN-DOPPS Survey of the Global Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on In-Centre Haemodialysis Services
Authors: Ryan E. Aylward, Brian Bieber, Murilo H. Guedes, Ronald L. Pisoni, Elliot K. Tannor, Gavin Dreyer, Adrian Liew, Valerie A. Luyckx, Dibya Singh Shah, Chimota T. Phiri, Rhys D. Evans, Vivekanand Jha, Roberto Pecoits-Filho, Bruce M. Robinson, Fergus Caskey
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2021)

Background: While dialysis patients have a high risk of complications from COVID-19, in-center hemodialysis (ICHD) patients show lower SARS-CoV-2 reproduction rates when compared to the general population (Cherif, JASN 2021), possibly related to lifestyle and interventions to prevent SARS-CoV-2 spread. Here we expand the research to study the prevalence of COVID-19 in both home (PD/HHD) and ICHD patients. Methods: We analyzed COVID-19 cases in PD/HHD and ICHD patients from the U.S. Fresenius Kidney Care (FKC) network, from March 1 to November 27, 2020. Patients were tested for SARS-CoV-2 (confirmed by RT-PCR) when showing signs compatible with COVID-19 or exposed to an infected person. We perform statistical analysis for inter-/intra-modalities, with continuous and categorical variables being expressed as the mean (standard deviation) and absolute (relative, %), respectively. Results: We studied 263,223 patients (age 62.8±14.5 years, 57.7% males) receiving dialysis in the FKC network (87.3% ICHD;12.7% PD/HHD). In the FKC network, 21,175 (8.05%) were infected with SARS-CoV-2. COVID-19 infection was more prevalent among ICHD (8.56%) vs. PD/HHD (4.49%) patients. Black had a significantly higher risk than other races for both ICHD (9.10%, p < 0.0001) and PD/HHD (5.13%, p = 0.0038), without a difference between modalities (p = 0.1827). While white ICHD patients did not have a different risk compared to others (8.52%, p = 0.4105), they had a smaller risk when dialyzed at home PD/HHD (3.82%, p < 0.0001), and the difference between ICHD and PD/HHD was significant (p < 0.0001). Similar results are shown for other patients (Tab.1). Conclusions: COVID-19 infection was more common among ICHD patients. To what extent this is related to lifestyle?, travel to dialysis facilities or other aspects warrants further analyses.
TCT-329 Trend and Outcomes of Concurrent PCI With TAVR Hospitalizations: Analysis From the National Inpatient Sample (2012-2018)
Authors: Samarthkumar Thakkar, Harsh Patel, Ashish Kumar, Varun Victor, Mariam Shariff, Salman Zahid, Rajkumar Doshi, Shilpkumar Arora, Samir Kapadia, Ankur Kalra, Jeremiah Depta, Sidakpal Panaich
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Pandemic Response Requires Research Samples: A U.S. Safety-Net Hospital's Experience and Call for National Action
Authors: Elizabeth J. Ragan, Caitryn McCallum, Jai Marathe, Manisha Cole, Melissa Hofman, Andrew J. Henderson, Tyler Flack, Nancy S. Miller, Eric J. Burks, Grace Qing Zhao, Ridiane Denis, Nina H. Lin, Karen R. Jacobson, Christopher D. Andry, Stephen I. Pelton, Elizabeth R. Duffy, Nahid Bhadelia
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2021)

Biorepositories provide a critical resource for gaining knowledge of emerging infectious diseases and offer a mechanism to rapidly respond to outbreaks; the emergence of the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has proved their importance. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the absence of centralized, national biorepository efforts meant that the onus fell on individual institutions to establish sample repositories. As a safety-net hospital, Boston Medical Center (BMC) recognized the importance of creating a COVID-19 biorepository to both support critical science at BMC and ensure representation in research for its urban patient population, most of whom are from underserved communities. This article offers a realistic overview of the authors' experience in establishing this biorepository at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic during the height of the first surge of cases in Boston, Massachusetts, with the hope that the challenges and solutions described are useful to other institutions. Going forward, funders, policymakers, and infectious disease and public health communities must support biorepository implementation as an essential element of future pandemic preparedness.
Left Ventricular Dysfunction Among Patients With Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source and the Effect of Rivaroxaban vs Aspirin
Authors: Alexander E. Merkler, Lesly A. Pearce, Scott E. Kasner, Ashkan Shoamanesh, Lee A. Birnbaum, Hooman Kamel, Kevin N. Sheth, Richa Sharma
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2021)

It is uncertain whether anticoagulation is superior to aspirin at reducing recurrent stroke in patients with recent embolic strokes of undetermined source (ESUS) and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction.To determine whether anticoagulation is superior to aspirin in reducing recurrent stroke in patients with ESUS and LV dysfunction.Post hoc exploratory analysis of data from the New Approach Rivaroxaban Inhibition of Factor Xa in a Global Trial vs Aspirin to Prevent Embolism in ESUS (NAVIGATE ESUS) trial, a randomized, phase 3 clinical trial with enrollment from December 2014 to September 2017. The study setting included 459 stroke recruitment centers in 31 countries. Patients 50 years or older who had neuroimaging-confirmed ESUS between 7 days and 6 months before screening were eligible. Of the 7213 NAVIGATE ESUS participants, 7107 (98.5%) had a documented assessment of LV function at study entry and were included in the present analysis. Data were analyzed in January 2021.Participants were randomized to receive either 15 mg of rivaroxaban or 100 mg of aspirin once daily.The study examined whether rivaroxaban was superior to aspirin at reducing the risk of (1) the trial primary outcome of recurrent stroke or systemic embolism and (2) the trial secondary outcome of recurrent stroke, systemic embolism, myocardial infarction, or cardiovascular mortality during a median follow-up of 10.4 months. LV dysfunction was identified locally through echocardiography and defined as moderate to severe global impairment in LV contractility and/or a regional wall motion abnormality. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess for treatment interaction and to estimate the hazard ratios for those randomized to rivaroxaban vs aspirin by LV dysfunction status.LV dysfunction was present in 502 participants (7.1%). Of participants with LV dysfunction, the mean (SD) age was 67 (10) years, and 130 (26%) were women. Among participants with LV dysfunction, annualized primary event rates were 2.4% (95% CI, 1.1-5.4) in those assigned to rivaroxaban vs 6.5% (95% CI, 4.0-11.0) in those assigned aspirin. Among the 6605 participants without LV dysfunction, rates were similar between those assigned to rivaroxaban (5.3%; 95% CI, 4.5-6.2) vs aspirin (4.5%; 95% CI, 3.8-5.3). Participants with LV dysfunction assigned to rivaroxaban vs aspirin had a lower risk of the primary outcome (hazard ratio, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.14-0.93), unlike those without LV dysfunction (hazard ratio, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.93-1.46) (P for treatment interaction = .03). Results were similar for the secondary outcome.In this post hoc exploratory analysis, rivaroxaban was superior to aspirin in reducing the risk of recurrent stroke or systemic embolism among NAVIGATE ESUS participants with LV dysfunction.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02313909.
Regulation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathways by the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System and Its Pharmacological Potential
Authors: Simon Mathien, Chloé Tesnière, Sylvain Meloche
Journal: Pharmacological Reviews (2021)

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are evolutionarily conserved signaling pathways that play essential roles in transducing extracellular environmental signals into diverse cellular responses to maintain homeostasis. These pathways are classically organized into an architecture of three sequentially acting protein kinases: a MAPK kinase kinase that phosphorylates and activates a MAPK kinase, which in turn phosphorylates and activates the effector MAPK. The activity of MAPKs is tightly regulated by phosphorylation of their activation loop, which can be modulated by positive and negative feedback mechanisms to control the amplitude and duration of the signal. The signaling outcomes of MAPK pathways are further regulated by interactions of MAPKs with scaffolding and regulatory proteins. Accumulating evidence indicates that, in addition to these mechanisms, MAPK signaling is commonly regulated by ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS)-mediated control of the stability and abundance of MAPK pathway components. Notably, the biologic activity of some MAPKs appears to be regulated mainly at the level of protein turnover. Recent studies have started to explore the potential of targeted protein degradation as a powerful strategy to investigate the biologic functions of individual MAPK pathway components and as a new therapeutic approach to overcome resistance to current small-molecule kinase inhibitors. Here, we comprehensively review the mechanisms, physiologic importance, and pharmacological potential of UPS-mediated protein degradation in the control of MAPK signaling. <h3>Significance Statement</h3> Accumulating evidence highlights the importance of targeted protein degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome system in regulating and fine-tuning the signaling output of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. Manipulating protein levels of MAPK cascade components may provide a novel approach for the development of selective pharmacological tools and therapeutics.
Intravenous route to choroidal neovascularization by macrophage-disguised nanocarriers for mTOR modulation
Authors: Weiyi Xia, Chao Li, Qinjun Chen, Jiancheng Huang, Zhenhao Zhao, Peixin Liu, Kai Xu, Lei Li, Fangyuan Hu, Shujie Zhang, Tao Sun, Chen Jiang, Chen Zhao
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2021)

Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) is primarily impaired in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), leading to progressive loss of photoreceptors and sometimes choroidal neovascularization (CNV). mTOR has been proposed as a promising therapeutic target, while the usage of its specific inhibitor, rapamycin, was greatly limited. To mediate the mTOR pathway in the retina by a noninvasive approach, we developed novel biomimetic nanocomplexes where rapamycin-loaded nanoparticles were coated with cell membrane derived from macrophages (termed as MRaNPs). Taking advantage of the macrophage-inherited property, intravenous injection of MRaNPs exhibited significantly enhanced accumulation in the CNV lesions, thereby increasing the local concentration of rapamycin. Consequently, MRaNPs effectively downregulated the mTOR pathway and attenuate angiogenesis in the eye. Particularly, MRaNPs also efficiently activated autophagy in the RPE, which was acknowledged to rescue RPE in response to deleterious stimuli. Overall, we design and prepare macrophage-disguised rapamycin nanocarriers and demonstrate the therapeutic advantages of employing biomimetic cell membrane materials for treatment of AMD.
Real-time histological imaging of a squamous cell carcinoma in situ in the anal canal using endocytoscopy
Authors: Manami Utsunomiya, Shigetsugu Tsuji, Azusa Kawasaki, Kenichi Takemura, Kazuyoshi Katayanagi, Hiroshi Minato, Hisashi Doyama
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the anal canal is rarely diagnosed at an early stage [1]. Endocytoscopy provides ultrahigh magnification, thereby allowing the diagnostic evaluation of structural and nuclear atypia and of the vascular structures of gastrointestinal lesions [2] [3]. Endocytoscopy combined with narrow-band imaging (EC-NBI) enables a detailed observation of the microvessels [4]. To our knowledge, no studies have previously described the performance of endocytoscopy or EC-NBI for an SCC in situ in the anal canal.
TCT-98 Effect of Appropriateness of Proximal Optimization Technique on Coronary Bifurcation Stent Failure: Insight From the Multicenter Randomized PROPOT Trial
Authors: Yusuke Watanabe, Masahiro Yamawaki, Junya Shite, Kinoshita Yoshihisa, Munenori Okubo, Kazuhiko Yumoto, Naoki Masuda, Jiro Aoki, Gaku Nakazawa, Yohei Numasawa, Tatsuya Ito, Takayuki Okamura, Kensuke Takagi, Bernard Chevalier, Thierry Lefevre, Yves Louvard, Nobuaki Suzuki, Ken Kozuma, Yoshinobu Murasato
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Metal–Organic Framework (MOF)‐Based Ultrasound‐Responsive Dual‐Sonosensitizer Nanoplatform for Hypoxic Cancer Therapy
Authors: Cong Zhang, Lei Xin, Jia Li, Jing Cao, Yu Sun, Xue Wang, Jiali Luo, Yiqing Zeng, Qunying Li, Ying Zhang, Tao Zhang, Pintong Huang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2021)

Abstract Sonodynamic therapy (SDT), which uses reactive oxygen species to target tumors, has shown promise in the management of unresectable cancers. However, the hypoxic tumor environment limits SDT efficiency, making complete tumor destruction challenging. Here, a dual‐sonosensitizer nanoplatform is developed by loading an alkyl radical generator (2,2‐azobis[2‐(2‐imidazolin‐2‐yl)propane] dihydrochloride, AIPH) onto a zirconium metal–organic framework (Zr‐MOF). The Zr‐MOF@AIPH nanoparticles (NPs) can produce singlet oxygen, which can kill tumor cells under normoxic conditions, as well as alkyl radicals, which can kill tumor cells under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. The combination of these free radicals further enhances SDT efficiency. Meanwhile, the nitrogen generated owing to AIPH decomposition can reduce the cavitation threshold and enhance the acoustic cavitation effect, thereby promoting NP penetration at the tumor site. Moreover, Zr‐MOF@AIPH NPs exhibit good photoacoustic, fluorescence, and ultrasound imaging abilities due to their porphyrin‐based structure and the nitrogen generated, which can remotely control NP delivery and determine the optimal therapeutic time window, ensuring the maximization of SDT efficiency. In vitro and in vivo examinations prove the superior antitumor efficacy, excellent biocompatibility, and favorable imaging ability of Zr‐MOF@AIPH. This study spearheads the charge toward improving SDT efficacy in hypoxic environments via a combination of complementary sonosensitizers.
Antitumor activity of ipilimumab or BRAF ± MEK inhibition after pembrolizumab treatment in patients with advanced melanoma: analysis from KEYNOTE-006
Authors: G.V. Long, A. Arance, L. Mortier, P. Lorigan, C. Blank, P. Mohr, J. Schachter, J.-J. Grob, M. Lotem, M.R. Middleton, B. Neyns, N. Steven, A. Ribas, E. Walpole, M.S. Carlino, C. Lebbe, M. Sznol, E. Jensen, M.A. Leiby, N. Ibrahim, C. Robert
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
循環器病の診断と治療に関するガイドライン(2007-2008年度合同研究班報告)先天性心疾患の診断,病態把握,治療選択のための検査法の選択ガイドライン
Authors: 浜岡建城, 石川司朗, 糸井利幸, 越後茂之, 角秀秋, 黒澤博身, 佐野俊二, 長嶋正實, 中西敏雄, 八木原俊克, 康井制洋, 山岸敬幸, 山岸正明, 尾内善四郎, 松田暉, 石川友一, 市田蕗子, 小川潔, 小野安生, 小林俊樹, 篠原徳子, 白石修一, 中野俊秀, 中村好秀, 松島正氣, 安河内聰, 柳澤正義, 堀正二
Journal: Circulation (2009)