tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chlorpropamide-induced agranulocytosis
Authors: S. C. Tucker
Journal: JAMA (1977)

AGRANULOCYTOSIS is a rare complication of chlorpropamide (Diabinese) therapy; it usually subsides as the drug is withdrawn. Death from this form of agranulocytosis is rare, with overwhelming infection the usual cause.<sup>1-3</sup>We report a case of spontaneously remitting agranulocytosis. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 79-year-old woman entered the hospital because of increasing lethargy, obtundation, and fever. She had been hospitalized the previous month when glucose intolerance was noted. At that time blood glucose level was 340 mg/dl, falling to 153 mg/dl following the institution of 250 mg twice a day of chlorpropamide. At the time of both admissions, she was taking the following oral medications: (1) prednisone, 5 mg twice a day, for chronic pulmonary fibrosis; (2) digoxin, 0.25 mg daily; (3) furosemide, 40 mg every other day; (4) chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride, 5 mg three times a day; (5) flurazepam hydrochloride, 15 mg every hour; (6) tripelennamine citrate (expectorant
Reply to Giancarlo Marra, Armando Stabile, Paolo Gontero, Francesco Montorsi, Alberto Briganti, and Giorgio Gandaglia’s Letter to the Editor re: Valentin H. Meissner, Isabel Rauscher, Kristina Schwamborn, et al. Radical Prostatectomy Without Prior Biopsy Following Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography. Eur Urol. In press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2021.11.019: A Storm in a Teacup
Authors: Valentin H. Meissner, Jürgen E. Gschwend, Matthias M. Heck
Journal: European Urology (2022)
The Role of Suffering in the “Tired of Life” Debate
Authors: Guy Widdershoven, Aartjan Beekman, Natalie Evans, Sisco van Veen
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2022)

This article refers to:From Reciprocity to Autonomy in Physician-Assisted Death: An Ethical Analysis of the Dutch Supreme Court Ruling in the Albert Heringa Case
Organic Inheritance in Man.
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Minor Clarification
Authors: Yonathan Freund, Judith Gorlicki
Journal: JAMA (2021)

biological sign of pulmonary congestion.As Dr Liu states, it can be difficult to accurately diagnose acute heart failure in the emergency department; we agree that we may have included patients with a broad differential diagnosis in the ELISABETH trial.We also concur that a more systematic diagnostic workup could have reduced inclusion bias.However, we believe this bias is limited because previous reports have shown good physician performance in diagnosing acute heart failure in French emergency departments, whether clinically or with ultrasonography assessment. 2,3Moreover, our goal was to perform a pragmatic trial so the results could be more readily translated in routine clinical practice.We agree that in the future, personalized care and precision medicine may help to better tailor optimal treatment and possibly improve prognosis in acute heart failure.In addition, further research could focus on whether certain patients with acute heart failure may have a better response to the care bundle provided in our trial.Liu also raises the concern that atrial fibrillation may cause acute heart failure symptoms in patients with preserved ejection fraction.We agree with this assessment and have considered these patients as having acute heart failure syndromes.From the point of view of emergency physicians, there exists no simple way to differentiate atrial fibrillation, which causes symptoms of acute heart failure, from acute heart failure itself.If it is confirmed that usual treatment for rhythm control in patients with rapid atrial fibrillation and acute heart failure symptoms is less effective in patients who receive nitrates and diuretics, a more tailored treatment could lead to different therapeutic options to achieve rhythm control.
Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) serial analysis during progression on PD-1 blockade and later CTLA-4 rescue in patients with mismatch repair deficient metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Pashtoon Murtaza Kasi, Griffin Budde, Michael Krainock, Vasily N Aushev, Allyson Koyen Malashevich, Meenakshi Malhotra, Perry Olshan, Paul R Billings, Alexey Aleshin
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2022)

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown great promise in treating patients with mismatch repair deficient/microsatellite instability high (dMMR/MSI-H) colorectal cancer (CRC). Although single-agent pembrolizumab has been approved for first-line treatment of dMMR/MSI-H metastatic CRC, combination therapy with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4 (CTLA-4) inhibition (ipilimumab/nivolumab) has reported higher response rates. It is unclear whether patients who progress on PD-1 inhibition will respond to CTLA-4 blockade. Here, we report a case series of three patients with dMMR/MSI-H mCRC, where a durable and ongoing response to nivolumab with ipilimumab was achieved after initial progression with pembrolizumab monotherapy. Blood-based biomarkers such as carcinoembryonic antigen and CA 19-9 were employed to assess treatment response and monitor disease progression along with circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). Our findings indicate ctDNA’s potential to accurately monitor response to therapy and detect disease progression, as validated by standard imaging. This case series demonstrates that CTLA-4 rescue is worthy of additional investigation as a treatment strategy after progression on PD-1 blockade in patients with dMMR/MSI-high mCRC. Our data support the utilization and expansion of clinical studies with combination therapies and using ctDNA kinetics as early dynamic marker for therapy response assessment.
Quantitative Luminescence Photography of a Swellable Hydrogel Dressing with a Traffic‐Light Response to Oxygen
Authors: Haley L. Marks, Katherine Cook, Emmanuel Roussakis, Juan Pedro Cascales, Jeremy T. Korunes‐Miller, Mark W. Grinstaff, Conor L. Evans
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2022)

Sensor-integrated wound dressings are emerging tools applicable to a wide variety of medical applications from emergency triage to at-home monitoring. Uncomfortable, unnecessary wound dressing changes may be avoided by providing quantitative insight into tissue characteristics related to wound healing such as tissue oxygenation, pH, and exudate/transudate volume. Here, a simple cost-effective methodology for quantifying oxygen and pH in a swellable hydrogel dressing using a single photograph is presented. The red and green luminescence of a novel dendritic polyamine Pt-porphyrin and fluorescein conjugate quantitatively responds to oxygen and pH, respectively, and enables robust sensing. The porphyrin conjugate, when combined with a four-arm star polyethylene glycol (PEG) amine polymer, rapidly crosslinks at room temperature with an N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS)-PEG crosslinker to form a color-changing hydrogel dressing with tunable swelling capabilities applicable to a variety of wound environments. An inexpensive digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) camera modified with bandpass filters captures the hydrogel luminescence using simple macroscopic photography, and conversion to HSB colorspace allows for intensity-independent image analysis of the hydrogels' dual modality response. The hydrogel formulation exhibits a robust and validated visible red-orange-green "traffic light" spectrum in response to oxygen changes, regardless of swelling state, pH, or autofluorescence from skin, thereby enabling the clinician friendly naked-eye feedback.
Early Antibiotic Discontinuation or De-escalation in High-Risk Patients With AML With Febrile Neutropenia and Prolonged Neutropenia
Authors: William Alegria, Bernard L. Marini, Kevin Sellery Gregg, Dale Lee Bixby, Anthony Perissinotti, Jerod Nagel
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2022)

There is minimal data evaluating the safety of antibiotic de-escalation in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with fever and ongoing neutropenia. Therefore, this study evaluated antibiotic prescribing, infection-related outcomes, and patient outcomes of an antibiotic de-escalation initiative.This pre-post quasiexperimental study included adult patients with AML hospitalized with febrile neutropenia. An antibiotic de-escalation guideline was implemented in January 2017, which promoted de-escalation or discontinuation of intravenous antipseudomonal β-lactams. The primary outcome assessment was the incidence of bacterial infection in a historical control group before guideline implementation compared with an intervention group after guideline implementation.A total of 93 patients were included. Antibiotic de-escalation occurred more frequently in the intervention group (71.7% vs 7.5%; P<.001), which resulted in fewer days of therapy for intravenous antipseudomonal β-lactams (14 vs 25 days; P<.001). Thirty-day all-cause mortality and length of hospitalization were not different between groups. However, the intervention group had significantly fewer episodes of Clostridioides difficile colitis (5.7% vs 27.5%; P=.007).Implementation of an antibiotic de-escalation guideline resulted in decreased use of intravenous antipseudomonal β-lactams and fewer episodes of C difficile colitis, without adversely impacting patient outcomes. Additional studies are needed, preferably in the form of randomized controlled trials, to confirm these results.
A qualitative exploration of the experiences of itch for adults living with epidermolysis bullosa
Authors: Isabella de Vere Hunt, Meghan Halley, Katie Sum, Kiana Yekrang, Michelle Phung, Julie Good, Eleni Linos, Albert S. Chiou
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2022)

Dear Editor, Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) refers to a group of rare genetic skin disorders characterized by skin fragility and blistering caused by mutations in keratin, laminin or collagen genes. Itch is consistently reported as the most distressing disease‐related symptom in EB, ranking higher than pain, swallowing and gastrointestinal issues and infections.1, 2 The use of sensitive patient‐reported outcome measures to assess symptom burden is important in existing management, development of new treatment options, monitoring of disease burden and evaluation of treatment response. Itch has a number of unique features in the context of EB because of extreme skin fragility and an itch–scratch–blister cycle that worsens skin injury,3 which is not captured by existing itch measurements. To improve how we assess itch burden for these patients, we sought to explore the nature of itch for patients living with EB and identify features that patients highlight as important to their experience. M.H., K.S. and K.Y. conducted six in‐depth, semistructured interviews (between July 2020 and November 2020) with adults with EB, focusing on their experience of itch. Using a constant comparison and mind‐mapping approach, we conducted an inductive thematic analysis of the full interview transcripts.4 This study was approved by the Stanford Institutional Review Board.
Recruitment and activation of type 3 innate lymphoid cells promote antitumor immune responses
Authors: Mélanie Bruchard, Mannon Geindreau, Anaïs Perrichet, Caroline Truntzer, Elise Ballot, Romain Boidot, Cindy Racoeur, Emilie Barsac, Fanny Chalmin, Christophe Hibos, Thomas Baranek, Christophe Paget, Bernhard Ryffel, Cédric Rébé, Catherine Paul, Frédérique Végran, François Ghiringhelli
Journal: Nature Immunology (2022)
Obstetrical Statistics
Authors: J. G. Swayne
Journal: BMJ (1875)

a month of the act.This act of intermission continued in operation for seven days.The epideniic then subsided ; but a large nunmber of sporadic cases occurred in houses in which epidemic cases had been introduced, and in which it was afterwards found that serious defects existed in the house-drains.These defects seemed to expose the inmates to fresh sources of contagion ; and others then suffered from the disease who did not in the first instance get a sufficient dose of the typhoid con- tagia to set up the fever.The second epidemic,.which followed upon the intermission of water-supply on the i6th of September, has not been at present suc- ceeded by these sporadic cases.The larger number of the cases have occurred in the high level district, which includes a large number of the best houses in the neighbourhood, and those which have the best arrangements as to drainage.The first outbreak affected this district equally with the second.The second outbreak mainy affected this dis- trict, but including those parts of the low level which are in imnmediate communication with the high level water-mains.Both epidemics came to a climax five weeks after the act of intermission was committed ; but the second has been more simultaneous than the first, because the act was committed for a few hours only, whilst in the first instance it extended over several days.The second, although it occupied a less extended area, lhas been more general and more severe, which may be easily understood, considering that the foci of contagia were much more numerous on the second occasion than on the first, and the chances of escape from their influence much less.There are many other points of considerable importance which are worthy of record, and which may form the subject of another notice.One, however, may be mentioned here ; namely, that in a certain street the houses are supplied with water from two different sources; those on the right by the Croydon Waterworks, those on the left by the Lambeth Company.The sewer is in the middle of the road, and is common to both.The fever affected only those who were supplied with water from the Croydon waterworks.
Urinary Soluble CD163 in Active Renal Vasculitis
Authors: Vincent P. O’Reilly, Limy Wong, Claire Kennedy, Louise A. Elliot, Shane O’Meachair, Alice Marie Coughlan, Eoin C. O’Brien, Michelle M. Ryan, Diego Sandoval, Emma Connolly, Gerjan J. Dekkema, Jiaying Lau, Wayel H. Abdulahad, Jan-Stephan F. Sanders, Peter Heeringa, Colm Buckley, Cathal O’Brien, Stephen Finn, Clemens D. Cohen, Maja T. Lindemeyer, Fionnuala B. Hickey, Paul V. O’Hara, Conleth Feighery, Sarah M. Moran, George Mellotte, Michael R. Clarkson, Anthony J. Dorman, Patrick T. Murray, Mark A. Little
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2016)

A specific biomarker that can separate active renal vasculitis from other causes of renal dysfunction is lacking, with a kidney biopsy often being required. Soluble CD163 (sCD163), shed by monocytes and macrophages, has been reported as a potential biomarker in diseases associated with excessive macrophage activation. Thus, we hypothesized that urinary sCD163 shed by crescent macrophages correlates with active glomerular inflammation. We detected sCD163 in rat urine early in the disease course of experimental vasculitis. Moreover, microdissected glomeruli from patients with small vessel vasculitis (SVV) had markedly higher levels of CD163 mRNA than did those from patients with lupus nephritis, diabetic nephropathy, or nephrotic syndrome. Both glomeruli and interstitium of patients with SVV strongly expressed CD163 protein. In 479 individuals, including patients with SVV, disease controls, and healthy controls, serum levels of sCD163 did not differ between the groups. However, in an inception cohort, including 177 patients with SVV, patients with active renal vasculitis had markedly higher urinary sCD163 levels than did patients in remission, disease controls, or healthy controls. Analyses in both internal and external validation cohorts confirmed these results. Setting a derived optimum cutoff for urinary sCD163 of 0.3 ng/mmol creatinine for detection of active renal vasculitis resulted in a sensitivity of 83%, specificity of 96%, and a positive likelihood ratio of 20.8. These data indicate that urinary sCD163 level associates very tightly with active renal vasculitis, and assessing this level may be a noninvasive method for diagnosing renal flare in the setting of a known diagnosis of SVV.
Toll-like receptor 8 agonists improve NK-cell function primarily targeting CD56<sup>bright</sup>CD16<sup>−</sup>subset
Authors: Irene Veneziani, Claudia Alicata, Andrea Pelosi, Nadine Landolina, Biancamaria Ricci, Valentina D'Oria, Anna Fagotti, Giovanni Scambia, Lorenzo Moretta, Enrico Maggi
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2022)

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern-recognition sensors mainly expressed in innate immune cells that directly recognize conserved pathogen structures (pathogen-associated molecular patterns-PAMPs). Natural killer (NK) cells have been described to express different endosomal TLRs triggered by RNA and DNA sequences derived from both viruses and bacteria. This study was addressed to establish which endosomal TLR could directly mediate NK activation and function after proper stimuli. It was also important to establish the most suitable TLR agonist to be used as adjuvant in tumor vaccines or in combined cancer immunotherapies.We assessed endosomal TLR expression in total NK cells by using RT-qPCR and western blotting technique. In some experiments, we purified CD56brightCD16- and CD56dimCD16+ cells subsets by using NK Cell Isolation Kit Activation marker, cytokine production, CD107a expression and cytotoxicity assay were evaluated by flow cytometry. Cytokine release was quantified by ELISA. NK cells obtained from ovarian ascites underwent the same analyses.Although the four endosomal TLRs (TLR3, TLR7/8, and TLR9) were uniformly expressed on CD56brightCD16- and CD56dimCD16+ cell subsets, the TLR7/8 (R848), TLR3 (polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, Poly I:C) and TLR9 (ODN2395) ligands promoted NK-cell function only in the presence of suboptimal doses of cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-2, IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18, produced in vivo by other environmental cells. We showed that R848 rather than TLR3 and TLR9 agonists primarily activated CD56brightCD16- NK cells by increasing their proliferation, cytokine production and cytotoxic activity. Moreover, we demonstrated that R848, which usually triggers TLR7 and TLR8 on dendritic cells, macrophages and neutrophils cells, activated CD56brightCD16- NK-cell subset only via TLR8. Indeed, specific TLR8 but not TLR7 agonists increased cytokine production and cytotoxic activity of CD56brightCD16- NK cells. Importantly, these activities were also observed in peritoneal NK cells from patients with metastatic ovarian carcinoma, prevalently belonging to the CD56brightCD16- subset.These data highlight the potential value of TLR8 in NK cells as a new target for immunotherapy in patients with cancer.
Post-hoc Analyses of Lebrikizumab Phase 3 Trials (LAVOLTA I and II): Enhanced Efficacy in Patients With Prior Exacerbations and Elevated Baseline FENO or Blood Eosinophilia
Authors: Ellen Sher, Phillip Korenblat, Guy Brusselle, Stanley Fineman, Luna Sun, Ram Gopalan, Jonathan Corren
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2022)
Oncology
Authors: Vincent T. DeVita
Journal: JAMA (1996)

The identification and incorporation of molecular technology into the practice of oncology is allowing us to begin to overcome the existing limitations of cancer prevention and treatment and to provide more specific targets for treatment. What are these limitations? In prevention, the major obstacle has been the inability to recognize the person at risk for development of cancer. The identification and cloning of genes such as<i>BRCA1, BRCA2</i>, and<i>ATM</i>are examples of discoveries made in the past year that eventually will ease this burden. [See also Medical Genetics.—Ed.] Resistance to systemic treatment and the inability to identify small numbers of residual cells irrespective of treatment modality have limited the successful application of chemotherapy. The development of molecular tools for evaluation of response to treatment, allocation of patients to specific forms of therapy, and the addition of functioning genes in somatic cells (gene therapy), although controversial, have finally reached
Manuscripts Approved for JNCI, January–February 1972
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

Manuscripts Approved for JNCI, January–February 1972 Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 48, Issue 3, March 1972, Pages 846–848, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/48.3.846-a Published: 01 March 1972
Just Words
Authors: Alexander Gode
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Top 10 research priorities for people with obstructive sleep apnoea, families and clinicians: James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership
Authors: Donna Goodridge, Britney Duncan, Katherine Cowan, Sarah Fang, Mark Fenton, Dave Parkalub, Jaimie Peters, Robert Skomro, Candace Skrapek, Kendra Ulmer
Journal: Thorax (2022)

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with significant comorbidity, preventable accidents and reduced quality of life. Little is known about the research priorities of patients with OSA, family members and clinicians. A James Lind Alliance research priority setting partnership was conducted. An initial survey (690 respondents who generated 1110 questions), a prioritisation survey (250 respondents), and a final workshop were used to identify the top 10 research priorities. Consensus was achieved on the top-ranked research priorities. Our results will inform the efforts of funders, researchers and policy-makers to align directly with stakeholder priorities related to OSA.