tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Systolic time intervals in children: normal standards for clinical use.
Authors: ACantor, K LWanderman, TKarolevitch, IOvsyshcher, MGueron
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Systolic time intervals were measured in 253 normal children, with careful attention to precise recording and measuring techniques, to derive regression equations which could be used as reliable standards for clinical assessment of left ventricular performance in this age group. Using stepwise regression analysis, a highly significant correlation was found for electromechanical systole (QS2) and for left ventricular ejection time (LVET) with heart rate alone in both males and females, and age was not found to be a relevant variable. Similarly, for the preejection period (PEP) in males, heart rate was the only relevant variable. PEP in females showed a small but significant influence of age in addition to heart rate; in practice, this small influence can be neglected. Regression equations relating each of the systolic time intervals to heart rate alone were therefore derived for clinical use. The PEP/LVET ratio was found to be only weakly correlated with heart rate in males and with age in females, and in ...
Quantification of collateral blood flow in coarctation of the aorta by velocity encoded cine magnetic resonance imaging.
Authors: J CSteffens, M WBourne, HSakuma, MO'Sullivan, C BHiggins
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDKnowledge about the volume of collateral flow provides insight into the severity of coarctation of the aorta and may be critical in planning the operative approach. There is currently no method for the quantification of collateral flow in coarctation of the aorta. In this study, we applied velocity encoded cine magnetic resonance imaging (VENC-MR) to establish the flow pattern and volume of collateral flow in the descending thoracic aorta in normal subjects and patients with coarctation, introducing a new possibility to quantify the severity of the coarctation by determining the amount of collateral flow.METHODS AND RESULTSVENC-MR was used to measure flow in the proximal and distal descending thoracic aorta in 10 normal subjects. In 23 patients with coarctation, flow was measured near the coarctation site and above the diaphragm. Patients were divided into a group with moderate to severe coarctation and a group with mild coarctation on the basis of clinical gradient between upper and lower extre...
HSP90 Facilitates Oncogene-Induced Metabolic Reprogramming in B-Cell Lymphomas
Authors: Maria Nieves Calvo Vidal, Jan Krumsiek, Jayeshkumar Patel, Shao Ning Yang, Jude M Phillip, Rossella Marullo, Tony Taldone, Giorgio Inghirami, Ari Melnick, Gabriela Chiosis, Leandro Cerchietti
Journal: Blood (2017)
Synergistic disaggregation of platelets by tissue-type plasminogen activator, prostaglandin E1, and nitroglycerin.
Authors: J SStamler, D EVaughan, JLoscalzo
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Endothelial cells produce at least three substances that can attenuate the platelet aggregation response: tissue-type plasminogen activator; the platelet inhibitory prostaglandins I2 and E1; and endothelium-derived relaxing factor, one form of which exhibits properties of nitric oxide. Since platelet aggregates formed in vivo are involved in the initiation of many clinically important occlusive vascular syndromes, we tested the hypothesis that these endothelial products act synergistically to disperse platelet aggregates. Our data reveal that tissue-type plasminogen activator, prostaglandin E1, and nitroglycerin (an organic nitrate activator of guanylate cyclase analogous to endothelium-derived relaxing factor) act synergistically to disaggregate platelets and do so in part by modulation of platelet cyclic nucleotides. These data suggest a potential mechanism by which the endothelium protects against the formation of platelet aggregates in vivo and offer a potential strategy for improving the efficacy of ...
Retrograde Type A Aortic Dissection After Endovascular Stent Graft Placement for Treatment of Type B Dissection
Authors: Zhi HuiDong, Wei GuoFu, Yu QiWang, Da QiaoGuo, XinXu, YuanJi, BinChen, Jun HaoJiang, JueYang, Zhen YuShi, TingZhu, YunShi
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background— Retrograde type A aortic dissection has been deemed a rare complication after endovascular stent graft placement for type B dissection. However, this life-threatening event appears to be underrecognized and is worth being investigated further. Methods and Results— Eleven of 443 patients developed retrograde type A aortic dissection during or after stent grafting for type B dissection from August 2000 to June 2007. Of these 11 patients, 3 had Marfan syndrome. The Kaplan–Meier estimate of the rate of freedom from this event at 36 months is 97.4% (95% confidence interval, 0.95 to 0.99). The new entry was located at the tip of the proximal bare spring of the stent graft in 9 patients, was within the anchoring area of the proximal bare spring in 1, and remained unknown in 1 patient. Eight patients were converted to open surgery, and 2 received medical treatment. One patient suddenly died 2 hours after the primary stent grafting, and 2 died within 1 week after the surgical conversion, so mortality r...
The rabbit as an animal model for the activated factor X-antithrombin III-heparin reaction.
Authors: S NGitel, SWessler, V MMedina
Journal: Circulation Research (1977)

When activated factor X (Xa) inhibitory activity of serially diluted human and rabbit plasma is determined in a low salt assay, a lineare plot is obtained for human, but not for rabbit plasma. When a high salt assay is used, the dilution curves for both human and rabbit plasma are linear, and qualititive as well as quantitative differences are essentially eliminated. On Sephadex G-200 chromatography Xa inhibitory activity of human and rabbit plasma appears in two peaks. With the low salt assay the first and second peaks for human plasma contain respectively 30%, and 70% of the activity; whereas with rabbit plasma these values are greater than 95% and less than 5% of the activity. With the high salt assay the figures for human plasma are less than 5% and greater than 95%, and with rabbit plasma 65 +/- 3% and 35 +/- 3%, respectively. With the high salt system, rabbit plasma shows a continuous increase in Xa inhibitory activity with increasing heparin concentrations, similar to that obtained with human plasm...
Re: Acute Myeloid Leukemia or Myelodysplastic Syndrome Following Use of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factors During Breast Cancer Adjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: M. Clavarezza, L. Del Mastro, P. Pronzato, P. Bruzzi, M. Venturini
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2007)
Digital angiographic measurement of radiographic contrast material kinetics for estimation of myocardial perfusion.
Authors: J SWhiting, J KDrury, J MPfaff, B LChang, N LEigler, SMeerbaum, ECorday, TNivatpumin, J SForrester, H JSwan
Journal: Circulation (1986)

We studied the use of digital angiography for the quantification of regional myocardial perfusion in the dog using selective left coronary arterial injection of radiographic contrast material as a flow dilution indicator. We developed algorithms for generating time-intensity curves from regions of interest over the proximal coronary artery and the myocardium and for densitometric error correction by subtraction of the intensity curve over a small lead blocker before logarithmic transformation. The resultant myocardial time-density curves were analyzed for time from injection to peak concentration (TPC) and for exponential washout rate (k). A linear correlation was found between absolute coronary arterial blood flow and both k (slope = 0.13, r = .85) and 1/TPC (slope = 0.18, r = .85). Reproducibility of TPC and k for repeated studies was 11% and 16%. Induced hyperemia significantly improved the sensitivity to stenosis by increasing the average difference in TPC and k between regions served by normal and st...
Pressor hormones regulate atrial-stretch-induced release of atrial natriuretic peptide in the pithed rat.
Authors: HRuskoaho, OVakkuri, OArjamaa, OVuolteenaho, JLeppäluoto
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Atrial wall stretching is a known stimulus for atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) secretion. The effects of the stimulation of autonomic nervous system, hemodynamic factors, and humoral factors (epinephrine, angiotensin, vasopressin, and brain extracts) on the release of ANP under basal conditions and during increased atrial pressure produced by acute volume loading in pithed rats were examined. In conscious rats, acute volume expansion by 0.9% of saline (4 ml) increased the plasma immunoreactive ANP (IR-ANP) concentrations by a factor of 4 (140 +/- 30 pg/ml vs. 521 +/- 140 pg/ml, p less than 0.001, n = 8), whereas volume-induced ANP release was blocked in pithed rats (75 +/- 9 pg/ml vs. 99 +/- 13 pg/ml, NS, n = 7). The ANP versus right atrial pressure curve shifted to the right, indicating that much smaller amounts of IR-ANP were released in pithed than in conscious rats for each given increase in right atrial pressure. Electrical vagal and sympathetic nerve stimulation or changes in heart rate had no effe...
EUS-Guided Gastroenterostomy With A Lumen Apposing Self-Expandable Metal Stent Relieves Gastric Outlet Obstruction
Authors: RF Havre, C Dai, S Roug, S Novovic, PN Schmidt, E Feldager, JG Karstensen, KC-D Pham
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) leads to dehydration, rapid malnourishment, vomiting and premature death. EUS-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE) with lumen apposing metallic stents (LAMS) in patients with (GOO) has proven to be an alternative to luminal stenting in the duodenum and surgical gastroenterostomy. The method provides symptom relief by restoration of the luminal passage of fluid and nutrients to the small intestine in severely ill patients. Our aims were to assess the technical and clinical success and adverse events of EUS-GE, need for reintervention, and survival time after the procedure.
Factors correlating with shorter survival after treatment: Aiding oncologists to choose who (not) to receive palliative systemic therapy.
Authors: Patty PY Ho, Victor HF Lee, Kwok Keung Yuen, Wing-lok Chan, Tim Shing Choy, Anne W. M. Lee, To Wai Leung
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e21654 Background: A rising number of metastatic cancer patients are receiving palliative systemic therapy close to end of life. Patients started on such treatment are typically judged by oncologists to have ≤ 12 weeks survival, but accurate survival prediction is difficult on individual patients. Systemic therapy started too late may not benefit patient, but rather, adversely affect patient’s quality of life and may even shorten survival due to treatment side effects. Our study objective is to identify factors correlating with a shorter ( ≤ 6 weeks) non-malignancy related survival in metastatic cancer patients receiving palliative systemic therapy, so as to aid oncologist in the decision-making of starting treatment or not. Methods: A review of deceased adult metastatic cancer patients treated with palliative systemic therapy from January 2013 to December 2014 in our cancer center in Hong Kong was carried out. They were subcategorized into dying within or after 6 weeks since starting their last line of palliative systemic therapy, and also by their cause of death (malignancy-related or non-malignancy related). Univariable analyses were carried out to determine associations of different variables with non-malignancy related death that happened within 6 weeks of starting their last line of palliative systemic treatment. Multivariable analyses were carried out with significant factors in univariable analyses to determine their independent effect. Results: Seven hundred and fifty-four patients were analyzed. Mean age was 63.6 years old (range 21-102); female 48.7%. Older age ( ≥ 75 years) (p = 0.007) and active liver metastasis (p = 0.042) were significant predictors for early ( ≤ 6 weeks) non-malignancy related death in multivariable analysis. They have 2.012 times and 1.115 times higher chance respectively to die of non-malignant causes within 6 weeks since the start of their last line of palliative systemic treatment. Conclusions: Oncologists should exercise extra caution when encountering elderly patients with active liver metastasis, especially with regard to the issue of starting palliative systemic therapy.
Transient collateral augmentation during coronary arterial spasm associated with ST-segment depression.
Authors: MTada, MYamagishi, KKodama, TKuzuya, SNanto, MInoue
Journal: Circulation (1983)

To examine the possible existence of collateral circulation during coronary artery spasm, we attempted to visualize the transient appearance of collateral vessels that could serve to salvage otherwise jeopardized ischemic areas. In three patients with vasospastic angina, total spastic obstruction of a major coronary artery was associated with transient collateral augmentation, which was supplied by the nonspastic artery during anginal period associated with ST-segment depression. These collateral vessels disappeared when the angina and ST changes resolved after nitroglycerin administration. These findings suggest that the collateral blood supply could transiently occur through preexisting vessels to perfuse the ischemic area during coronary artery spasm and that such collateral flow could have a role in preventing transmural myocardial ischemia, resulting in a lesser degree of ischemia associated with ST-segment depression.
Increased secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma by mononuclear leukocytes in patients with ischemic heart disease. Relevance in superoxide anion generation.
Authors: KVaddi, F ANicolini, PMehta, J LMehta
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDThere is growing evidence for a pathogenic role for cytokines in atherogenesis. The presence of certain cytokines has been documented in human atherosclerotic vessels. This study was designed to investigate cytokine production by mononuclear leukocytes from patients with ischemic heart disease.METHODS AND RESULTSWe measured kinetics of secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) by mononuclear leukocytes from 8 control subjects, 10 patients with stable angina pectoris, and 10 patients with unstable angina pectoris. Mononuclear leukocytes were isolated and incubated with or without the plant lectin mitogen concanavalin A for 48 hours. TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma secretion were measured by ELISA. The effect of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma on superoxide radical generation by neutrophils was also examined. Secretion of both TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma by mononuclear leukocytes increased progressively over 48 hours, and it was consistently higher (P < .02) in patients com...
Use-dependent block and use-dependent unblock of the delayed rectifier K+ current by almokalant in rabbit ventricular myocytes.
Authors: ECarmeliet
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

A voltage-clamp analysis of the effect of almokalant on the delayed rectifier K+ current (IK) was made in rabbit ventricular myocytes. The two-suction pipette method was used, and appropriate voltage-clamp protocols were used to study more specifically use dependence, block development, and recovery from block. Almokalant interacted with the IK in two ways: it shifted the activation curve in the hyperpolarizing direction (stimulatory effect) and blocked the open IK channel in a use-dependent way (inhibitory effect). For 2-second voltage clamps to +20 mV, half-maximum block was obtained at 5 x 10(-8) mol/L, with a Hill coefficient of 1.76. Use-dependent block was related to an open-channel block that occurred at 0 mV with a time constant of 1.07 second and a rather slow recovery from block: at -50 mV, recovery time constant was approximately 10 seconds; at -75 mV, recovery was practically absent. The absence of an important recovery at negative membrane potentials is consistent with the hypothesis of the d...
Case Report: Duodenal Perforation In A Critically Ill Patient With Covid-19
Authors: F Prinz, G Braun, A Ebigbo, H Messmann
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims We report the case of a 54 - year old male who was admitted to our intensive care unit due to respiratory failure and COVID-19 disease. The patients' comorbidities were allergic asthma and obesity; he was on no regular medication. On day 15 after admission to the ICU, invasive ventilation was started, and on day 19, melena, with a drop in hemoglobin level from 12.9 g/dl to 8.5 g/dl, was observed.
De subitaneis mortibus. XV. Hereditary stenosis of the His bundle in Pug dogs.
Authors: T NJames, B TRobertson, A LWaldo, C EBranch
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Syncope and sudden death occurs in certain purebred Pug dogs which have been found to have intermittent sinus pauses and paroxysmal second degree heart block on electrocardiographic (ECG) study. We have established a colony of such dogs to study this problem and here report the results of histological examination of the cardiac conduction system in twenty-one of them. These include a dam which may be considered the proband, three of her offspring (two littermates) and three fetal pups in an unborn litter of one of these; three of the four adult dogs died suddenly and unexpectedly. Two groups of puppies descendants of these lines were also studied after they all died within three days of birth. The first group of puppies (8) did not have suitable ECG studies but the second group (6) did and showed ECG changes similar to those in the adult dogs. In all 21 dogs the sinus node was anatomically normal, but in every one there was significant stenosis of the midportion of the His bundle. There was no abnormality...
Comment on Norhammar et al. Undetected Dysglycemia Is an Important Risk Factor for Two Common Diseases, Myocardial Infarction and Periodontitis: A Report From the PAROKRANK Study. Diabetes Care 2019;42:1504–1511
Authors: Hao Li, Shen Tian, Ling-quan Kong
Journal: Diabetes Care (2019)

Norhammar et al. (1) recently conducted a case-control study to determine the relationship among previously undetected dysglycemia (prediabetes and diabetes), myocardial infarction (MI), and periodontitis. In this study, after excluding individuals with established diabetes, all subjects were examined with an oral glucose tolerance test and were categorized as having a glucose status of normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), or diabetes by their 2-h postload glucose level. As detailed …
Natriuretic response to saline infusion in normotensive and hypertensive man. The role of renin suppression in exaggerated natriuresis.
Authors: F CLuft, C EGrim, L RWillis, J THiggins, M HWeinberger
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Previous studies have reported an exaggerated natriuresis in hypertensive man; however, a systematic appraisal of this response in various forms of hypertension has not been made. We measured fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) during a four hour intravenous infusion of 2 liters normal saline in 162 normal subjects and 120 hypertensives. Of these, 13 had primary aldosteronism (ALDO), 19 high renin (HRH), 30 low renin (LRH), and 57 normal renin (NRH) essential hypertension. FENa for normals (1.42%), NRH (1.57%), and HRH (1.46%) was similar. That for LRH (2.56%) and ALDO (4.18%) was elevated compared to the other three subgroups (P less than 0.001). Although the four hour FENa during saline infusion was associated with mean atrterial blood pressure (MABP) within the entire hypertensive population (r = 0.51), when the subgroups of the hypertensive patients were considered separately no association between FENa and MABP was identified. Moreover, the MABP of subjects with HRH was greater (P less than 0.05) t...
Timing Of Upper Endoscopy Affects The Outcome and Survival in Patients With Acute Variceal Bleeding: Breaking The Roles Whatever The Cost?
Authors: A Hanafy
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims The timing of endoscopy is important in the management of patients with upper GI bleeding (UGIB). The need for urgent endoscopy is still a matter of debate. The aim was to postulate predictable parameters of adverse outcomes if urgent endoscopy was delayed and if the outcome differs after urgent from non-urgent endoscopy.
Antibody–drug conjugates: Recent advances in linker chemistry
Authors: Zheng Su, Dian Xiao, Fei Xie, Lianqi Liu, Yanming Wang, Shiyong Fan, Xinbo Zhou, Song Li
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2021)

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are gradually revolutionizing clinical cancer therapy. The antibody–drug conjugate linker molecule determines both the efficacy and the adverse effects, and so has a major influence on the fate of ADCs. An ideal linker should be stable in the circulatory system and release the cytotoxic payload specifically in the tumor. However, existing linkers often release payloads nonspecifically and inevitably lead to off-target toxicity. This defect is becoming an increasingly important factor that restricts the development of ADCs. The pursuit of ADCs with optimal therapeutic windows has resulted in remarkable progress in the discovery and development of novel linkers. The present review summarizes the advance of the chemical trigger, linker‒antibody attachment and linker‒payload attachment over the last 5 years, and describes the ADMET properties of ADCs. This work also helps clarify future developmental directions for the linkers.
日本の神戸市での2009年5~6月のインフルエンザA型(H1N1)Vの集団発生時の家庭内接触者における2次発症率の評価と抗ウイルス薬予防投与の有効性
Authors: Okabe N, Taniguchi K, Sunagawa T, Yahata Y, Kodama T, Tsuchihashi Y, Toyokawa T, Takahashi H, Odaira F
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)
Colonic Biopsies In Patients With Normal Colonoscopies: Indications And Contribution
Authors: S Bradai, M Mahmoudi, A khsiba, A Nakhli, A Ben mohamed, L Hamzaoui, Mm Azzouz
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Colonic biopsies in patients with normal colonoscopy are indicated essentially during chronic diarrhea but may find their place in other situations. The aim of our work is to determine the different indications for colonic biopsies with normal mucosa and assess their utility.
Prevention of Venereal Disease
Authors: R. A. Lyster
Journal: BMJ (1948)

industry, energy and dexterity, and perhaps ambition, the student must be entitled to decide for himself in what direction his work might be expected to bring its own reward.In coming to a decision personal trends must be given due weight:1.There are those whose chief thrill comes from research, in following out a line of thought by experiment and logical reasoning, hoping in the end to reach a worthwhile result.For them medicine provides an ever-widening horizon, each fresh discovery a stepping- stone to the next.2. Others are thrilled by imparting instruction on established facts and' possible theories to individuals or groups.We speak of the "born teachers," whose gifts both bring and bestow enjoyment.3. Others still are attracted by the thrill of being the bearers of hope and confidence to the sick as they are found in the wards and out-patient departments of our hospitals.Valuable equipment for these is what, for want of a better term, we call clinical instinct, and for them there is again a wide choice among the many departments of clinical work, each with its own peculiar attraction.