tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Temporal trends (1975 through 1990) in the incidence and case-fatality rates of primary ventricular fibrillation complicating acute myocardial infarction. A communitywide perspective.
Authors: DChiriboga, JYarzebski, R JGoldberg, J MGore, J SAlpert
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDAs part of a population-based study of acute myocardial infarction, we examined changes over time in the incidence and in-hospital case-fatality rates of primary ventricular fibrillation complicating acute myocardial infarction.METHODS AND RESULTSPatients with validated acute myocardial infarction hospitalized at 16 hospitals in the Worcester, Mass, metropolitan area between 1975 and 1990 comprised the study sample. During the 15-year study period, 5.1% of patients developed primary ventricular fibrillation in the setting of uncomplicated acute myocardial infarction, with this rate remaining relatively constant over time. Both age- and multivariable-adjusted analyses showed no significant trend in the incidence rates of primary ventricular fibrillation during the study period. The in-hospital case-fatality rate for patients with primary ventricular fibrillation was significantly elevated compared with the rate for those without primary ventricular fibrillation and uncomplicated acute myocardial ...
Expression of basic fibroblast growth factor and its receptor by smooth muscle cells and endothelium in injured rat arteries. An en face study.
Authors: VLindner, M AReidy
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

Release of endogenous basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has been shown to initiate smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation following balloon catheter denudation in rat arteries. The mechanisms that contribute to the continued replication of the cells that subsequently form the neointima are not well understood. We have examined expression of bFGF and fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR-1) in luminal SMCs as well as endothelium at various times after injury, which allowed us to study both replicating as well as quiescent cells. Using in situ hybridization on en face preparations, we were able to detect mRNA in luminal cells that was not observed by analysis of artery cross sections. We demonstrate that mRNA for bFGF was found in replicating SMCs and endothelial cells. bFGF mRNA was not detectable in either cell type at quiescence despite nuclear staining for bFGF. Expression of FGFR-1 mRNA was observed in replicating endothelial and SMCs at similar times after injury. These data provide evidence t...
Beneficial effects of alpha 1-adrenoceptor activity on myocardial stunning in dogs.
Authors: MKitakaze, MHori, HSato, KIwakura, KGotoh, MInoue, AKitabatake, TKamada
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

This study was undertaken to elucidate whether alpha-1 adrenoceptor activity is beneficial to contractile dysfunction during reperfusion after a brief period of ischemia (stunned myocardium) in 54 open-chest dogs. Contractile dysfunction assessed by fractional shortening (FS) was observed 3 hours after the onset of reperfusion following 15 minutes of complete occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Pretreatment with prazosin (4 micrograms/kg/min i.c.) further deteriorated contractile dysfunction compared with the untreated condition (12.7 +/- 0.6% versus 6.9 +/- 0.4% with prazosin treatment, p less than 0.001). Conversely, alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonists, methoxamine (1.0 microgram/kg/min i.c.) and norepinephrine (0.24 microgram/kg/min i.c.) with rauwolscine and propranolol, significantly attenuated contractile dysfunction (FS in the methoxamine-treated group, 17.3 +/- 0.3%, p less than 0.001 versus the untreated group; FS in the norepinephrine-treated group, 18.0 +/- 0.9%, p less than 0....
Motor neurone disease
Authors: J. M Shneerson
Journal: BMJ (1996)

In patients with motor neurone disease, progressively worsening breathlessness often coincides with deteriorating bulbar function, and this combination may lead to difficulties in swallowing and coughing and a risk of aspiration. Occasionally, chest infections cause life threatening respiratory failure. The progressive nature of motor neurone disease acts as a deterrent to active management, but since its time course varies so much, should patients be denied the treatments that would be considered if they had a different diagnostic label?

There is no simple answer to these difficulties. The essential starting point is a detailed analysis of the distribution of the affected respiratory muscles and of the patient's symptoms. The most common way in which the chest wall muscles are affected is weakness of the expiratory muscles leading to a weak cough.1 If there is no bulbar weakness a poor cough does not require any specific treatment unless it is severe enough to cause retention of sputum, at which stage a tracheostomy should be considered.

A few …
Efficacy and Safety of Double Pigtail Stents in the Context of Hepaticogastrostomy Dysfunction and Repeated Intrahepatic Access
Authors: M Bronswijk, G Vanella, H van Malenstein, W Laleman, S Van der Merwe
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HG) may provide an important therapeutic option in the context of failed ERCP, inaccessible papilla or post-surgical anatomy. However, hepaticogastrostomy dysfunction or the nature of the underlying disease may necessitate reinterventions over time. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of double pigtail stents for the treatment of hepaticogastrostomy dysfunction and in the context of repeated intrahepatic biliary access.
Coarctation of the aorta and baroreceptor resetting. A study of carotid baroreceptor stimulus-response characteristics before and after surgical repair in the dog.
Authors: F OIgler, L EBoerboom, P HWerner, J HDonegan, E JZuperku, L IBonchek, J PKampine
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

We studied baroreceptor function in dogs before and after surgical repair of coarctation of the aorta by direct recording of multifiber carotid sinus (CS) nerve activity (NA) during alteration of pulsatile arterial pressure with systemic phenylephrine and nitroprusside, and during static pressure changes using a CS pouch preparation. Coarctation was induced by banding the proximal thoracic aorta in ten 3- to 5-day old puppies. One and one-half years later, five of these coarctated animals were studied before, and five were studied 3-7 months after, surgical repair. Five adult animals also were studied 4-6 months after the proximal thoracic aorta had been banded. Controls were eight normal adult dogs. Threshold pressure at which NA began, saturation pressure at which NA reached a maximum, and slope (% Max NA/mm Hg) of the linear portion of the stimulus-response curve were determined. Pulsatile manipulations of pressure elicited normal sensitivity (slope) in dogs with coarctation but static nonpulsatile pre...
Increased mitral-aortic separation in discrete subaortic stenosis.
Authors: G CRosenquist, E BClark, H AMcAllister, SBharati, J EEdwards
Journal: Circulation (1979)

We recently speculated that mitral-aortic separation (MAS) might be increased in discrete subaortic stenosis (DSS). We have examined this hypothesis in 22 heart specimens in which the subaortic obstruction originated on the muscular ventricular septum below the right aortic sinus, either as a discrete band, an accumulation of several bands or a diffuse ridge, and extended posteriorly into the MAS or anterior leaflet of the mitral valve or both, with a variable relationship to the aortic cusps and sinuses. No specimen had ventricular septal defect, supravalvular aortic stenosis or other features of Shone syndrome. The mean MAS was nearly twice that of 80 normal specimens (4.9 vs 2.5 mm), the range of MAS was increased from normal (0.11 vs 0.7 mm) and the mean diameter of the aortic annulus was decreased compared with the normal specimens, data that will be of interest to echo- and angiocardiographers in the clinical description of DSS, and to the surgeon who must resect these lesions.
Rapid Covid-19 Antibodies Screening Testing Combined With Clinical Evaluation For Resuming Activities In The Endoscopy Unit: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: C Robles-Medranda, R Oleas, J Alcivar-Vasquez, M Puga-Tejada, E Sanchez, R Del Valle, C Cifuentes, H Alvarado, H Pitanga-Lukashok
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims We aimed to evaluate the combination of telemedicine consultation and routinely serological screening for resuming activities in the endoscopy unit.
Laparoscopic-Endoscopic Rendezvous (LERV) In Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy For Stones In The Gallbladder And Bile Duct
Authors: F Broglia, P Leoni, V Lumachi, M Luraghi, S Romano, FT Armao, PAG Bisagni
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims The management of gallbladder stones concomitant with bile duct (BD) stones is controversial. The usual approach is a two-stage procedure, with endoscopic sphincterotomy and stone removal from the BD followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The laparoscopic-endoscopic rendez-vous combines the two techniques in a single-stage operation.
Ca2+ channel kinetics in acutely isolated fetal, neonatal, and adult rabbit cardiac myocytes.
Authors: G TWetzel, FChen, T SKlitzner
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

Measurement of transsarcolemmal voltage-gated Ca2+ current (ICa) in myocytes isolated from immature rabbit heart has demonstrated an unexpectedly low level of Ca2+ channel activity. We have characterized the kinetic properties of ICa in acutely isolated 21-day fetal, 1-5-day-old neonatal, and adult cardiac myocytes by the whole-cell voltage-clamp technique. The membrane potential for half-maximal steady-state inactivation became less negative with maturation (-24 +/- 3 [mean +/- SEM] mV, n = 5; -19 +/- 2 mV, n = 5; and -11 +/- 2 mV, n = 6 for fetal, neonatal, and adult myocytes, respectively; p < 0.005). In contrast, the membrane potential for half-maximal steady-state activation was not statistically different among the age groups studied. These parameters accurately predicted the voltage dependence of the sustained ICa present at the end of a 400-msec depolarization. This window current was significantly smaller in immature cells than in adult cells and occurred at a more negative membrane potential i...
Altered calcium handling in experimental pressure-overload hypertrophy in the ferret.
Authors: J KGwathmey, J PMorgan
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between changes in the intracellular handling of free, ionized calcium and the functional alterations that occur in cardiac hypertrophy. We developed a model of right ventricular pressure-overload hypertrophy in the ferret by critical banding of the pulmonary artery; this method produced significant degrees of hypertrophy within 1-3 months of surgery. We removed papillary muscles, 1 mm or less in diameter, from ferrets with cardiac hypertrophy and their age- and weight-matched controls, and loaded them with the bioluminescent calcium indicator, aequorin, in order to record intracellular calcium transients. Compared to the controls, the hypertrophied muscles demonstrated a prolonged duration of isometric contraction but a marked decrease in peak isometric tension development. The increased duration of isometric contraction in the hypertrophied muscles correlated with a similar prolongation of the calcium transient; we interpret this to mean that th...
An analysis of the pulsatile hemodynamic responses of the pulmonary circulation to acute and chronic pulmonary venous hypertension in the awake dog.
Authors: R AHopkins, J WHammon, P AMcHale, P KSmith, R WAnderson
Journal: Circulation Research (1980)

In this study we measured high fidelity pulsatile pressure and flow waveforms at the inlet to the pulmonary vascular bed to assess the differences in adaptation to acute and chronic pulmonary venous hypertension in awake dogs. Acute elevations in left atrial pressure (P1a) were effected by inflation of left atrial balloons, while chronic elevations were accomplished by placement of aorta to left atrial shunts. Pulmonary artery hydraulic impedance was calculated and analysis of these data revealed marked differences between the responses to acute and chronic elevations of left atrial pressure. The acutely stressed dogs (n = 12) had significantly decreased pulmonary vascular resistance (when P1a = 16.9 +/- 1.0 mm Hg, PVR = 212 +/- 57 dynes sec/cm5; when P1a = 28.6 +/- 1.4 mm Hg PVR = 18 +/- 115 dynes sec/cm5; control P1a = 6.1 +/- 1.5 mm Hg, and PVR = 355 +/- 69 dynes sec/cm5) and normal characteristic impedances (ZO) (210 +/- 36, 227 +/- 39, 178 +/- 14 dynes sec/cm5, respectively), indicating recruitment o...
Comparison of techniques for measuring baroreflex sensitivity in man.
Authors: D SGoldstein, DHorwitz, H RKeiser
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Because discrepancies about baroreflex sensitivity in essential hypertension may have resulted from the use of different measurement techniques, we assessed the extent to which the results of different techniques agree in the same subjects. The eight techniques studied were the change in RR interval per unit change in systolic pressure during the Valsalva maneuver, upon release of the Valsalva maneuver, after injection of phenylephrine and after injection of nitroglycerin; the changes in RR interval and in systolic pressure per mm Hg externally applied neck suction; and the changes in RR interval and systolic pressure per mm Hg externally applied neck pressure. The average intercorrelation among these measures in 30 subjects was statistically significant (r = 0.36, p less than 0.01), but suggests that variance in one measure accounted for an average of about 13% of the variance in other measures. Standard deviations among subjects were often as large as the mean, indicating important interindividual varia...
A chronically implanted system for automatic defibrillation in active conscious dogs. Experimental model for treatment of sudden death from ventricular fibrillation.
Authors: MMirowski, M MMower, ALanger, M SHeilman, JSchreibman
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Ventricular defibrillation was acheived in active conscious dogs with a chronically implanted automatic system composed of a defibrillator and an alternating current fibrillator. The hermetically sealed defibrillator is encased in titanium, weighs 250 g and has a volume of 145 ml. The sensor continuously monitors ventricular electircal activity and recognizes fibrillation by the absence of isoelectric potential segments. Fibrillation is induced by placing a magnet over the implanted fibrillator. The resulting syncope closely resembles the clinical entity of sudden death, while the defibrillator automatically restores normal rhythm with a truncated exponential pulse of 30 J, 15 seconds after the onset of the arrhythmia. The operational status of the defibrillator can be tested in vitro and noninvasively in vivo with an external analyzer. This experimental model allows for the first time a long-term study of the automatic implantable defibrillator approach to prevent sudden death from ventricular fibrillati...
Tissue plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and fibrin as indexes of clinical course in cardiac allograft recipients. An immunocytochemical study.
Authors: C ALabarrere, DPitts, HHalbrook, W PFaulk
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDTissue-type plasminogen activator (TPA) is the principal activator of plasminogen. Since hemostasis in the microcirculation of allografts is a well-recognized complication of transplantation, we asked (1) whether the distribution and amount of cellular TPA in biopsies of transplanted human hearts are associated with fibrin deposits in and around the microcirculation, (2) whether such changes involve the physiological inhibitors of TPA and plasmin, and (3) whether the presence of these activators and inhibitors of fibrinolysis in tissue is correlated with clinical outcome.METHODS AND RESULTSWe immunocytochemically quantified the presence of fibrin, plasmin, TPA, and the TPA inhibitor PAI-1 in 938 biopsies from 68 consecutive cardiac allografts over a 54-month period. The localization, distribution, and quantification of TPA in arteriolar smooth muscle cells revealed that 35 of the 68 allografts maintained vascular TPA reactivity consistent with time-zero biopsies of autologous donor hearts: this ...
Hemodynamics, biochemical and reflexive changes produced by atenolol in hypertension.
Authors: G RDreslinski, F HMesserli, F GDunn, D HSuarez, EReisin, E DFrohlich
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Hemodynamic (systemic and regional), metabolic and cardiovascular reflexive variables were measured before and after 4 weeks of beta blockade with atenolol in 10 patients with mild essential hypertension. Atenolol reduced mean arterial pressure, heart rate, cardiac index (all p less than 0.005) and renal vascular resistance (p less than 0.01) and increased total peripheral resistance (p less than 0.005). Glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow were unchanged; plasma renin activity fell 43%. Reflexive cardioacceleration during the Valsalva maneuver and upright passive tilt was blunted. No changes were observed in circulating fluid volumes. In six patients followed for 1 year, blood pressure and heart rate were maintained at levels similar to those during the first 4 weeks. Atenolol was shown to be an effective oral antihypertensive that has no apparent deleterious hemodynamic effects on the renal and splanchnic circulations.
Initial and long-term outcome of 354 patients after coronary balloon angioplasty of total coronary artery occlusions.
Authors: M RBell, P BBerger, J FBresnahan, G SReeder, K RBailey, D RHolmes
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDCoronary balloon angioplasty of chronic total occlusions is associated with relatively low success rates and a high incidence of restenosis. Whether there is long-term benefit in performing angioplasty of these lesions is unknown. The purpose of the present report was to analyze the long-term outcome of a large series of patients undergoing this procedure.METHODS AND RESULTSA computerized database analysis of 354 consecutive patients (from 1979 to 1990) who underwent coronary angioplasty of a chronic total coronary occlusion was performed (mean age, 62.3 years). Initial technical success was achieved in 69%; in 66%, success was achieved without procedural death or need for coronary artery surgery. During hospitalization, six patients suffered myocardial infarction, nine required emergency bypass surgery, and nine patients died. During a mean follow-up period of 2.7 years, no difference was found in survival or freedom from myocardial infarction among 234 successfully dilated patients compared wi...
Contribution of intrinsic skeletal muscle changes to 31P NMR skeletal muscle metabolic abnormalities in patients with chronic heart failure.
Authors: D MMancini, ECoyle, ACoggan, JBeltz, NFerraro, SMontain, J RWilson
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Patients with heart failure frequently exhibit abnormal skeletal muscle metabolic responses to exercise, as assessed with 31P NMR. To investigate whether these metabolic abnormalities are due to intrinsic skeletal muscle changes, we performed gastrocnemius muscle biopsies on 22 patients with heart failure (peak VO2, 15.4 +/- 4.7 ml/kg/min; ejection fraction, 20 +/- 7%) and on eight normal subjects. Biopsies were analyzed for fiber type and area, capillarity, citrate synthase, phosphofructokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and beta-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase activity. All patients with heart failure also underwent 31P NMR studies of their calf muscle during plantarflexion at three workloads. Muscle pH responses and the relation of the ratio of inorganic phosphate to phosphocreatine (Pi/PCr) to systemic VO2 were then evaluated. Compared with normal subjects, patients with heart failure exhibited a shift in fiber distribution with increased percentage of the fast twitch, glycolytic, easily fatigable type IIb...
Outcome of Children Developing Grade III-IV Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Report on Behalf of the EBMT Paediatric Diseases Working Party
Authors: Alice Bertaina, Franco Locatelli, Anita Lawitschka, Adriana Balduzzi, Jean-Hugues Dalle, Petr Sedlacek, Andre Manfred Willasch, Isaac Yaniv, Christina Peters, Peter Bader
Journal: Blood (2017)
Research related to rehabilitation.
Authors: N KWenger
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Progress in cardiac rehabilitation demands that rehabilitation efforts for the patient after myocardial infarction or aortocoronary bypass surgery be integrated into a comprehensive program of acute and ambulatory cardiac care. To permit a more rapid return of coronary patients to a normal or near-normal lifestyle and role in society, further delineation of the scientific bases for all components of rehabilitation programming and identification of both barriers to and facilitators of rehabilitation are necessary to improve rehabilitative services.
Reflex parasympathetic coronary vasodilation elicited from cardiac receptors in the dog.
Authors: E OFeigl
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

Veratrum alkaloids injected into the coronary circulation stimulate myocardial receptors to produce reflex bradycardia and arterial hypotension (the Bezold-Jarisch reflex). This study investigated the hypothesis that parasympathetic coronary vasodilation occurs as part of the Bezold-Jarisch reflex. Blood flow in the circumflex coronary artery was measured in chloralose-anesthetized, closed-chest dogs with a newly developed cannula-tip flow transducer. Alpha-receptor blockade with Dibozane (2 mg/kg) was used to prevent peripheral vasodilation, and beta-receptor blockade with propranolol (1 mg/kg) was used to prevent adrenergic cardiac effects. Electrical pacing was used to maintain a constant heart rate. Under these conditions, veratridine injected into the anterior descending coronary artery but not into the circumflex coronary artery produced a 63% increase in circumflex coronary blood flow and an 88% increase in diastolic coronary conductance. The effect was abolished when the reflex arc was interrupted...
Evidence for an association between dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and nonfatal, premature myocardial infarction in males.
Authors: L EMitchell, D LSprecher, I BBorecki, TRice, P MLaskarzewski, D CRao
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDSeveral studies indicate that endogenous hormones play a role in the etiology of coronary artery disease, either as independent risk factors or indirectly, via an effect on lipids, lipoproteins, or other heart disease risk factors.METHODS AND RESULTSThe relation between endogenous hormone levels and premature (  or = 12-hour fast and frozen at -70 degrees C for subsequent hormonal analysis. Among the male patients, the average duration between the most recent myocardial infarction and blood sampling was 3.4 years (range, 0.7 to 19.2 years). Individuals reporting the use of any medications with the potential to alter lipid, lipoprotein, or hormone levels were excluded from these analyses. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels were significantly...