tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Genetic contribution to osteoarthritis of the hip
Authors: I. Chambers
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Editor—Lanyon et al studied genetic factors associated with osteoarthritis of the hip, but how ethical is it to subject more than 600 healthy participants (siblings of their original cohort) to pelvic radiography?1 The authors used radiographs only as a diagnostic tool. Clinical examination using the Harris hip score would have more accurately obtained the diagnosis with the addition of information concerning loss of function and disease severity. Examination of the patient would have detected and excluded patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Despite the use of radiographs in this study, no information about the morphology of the hip joints was given. It would have been fascinating to measure the degree of femoral head cover, angle of acetabular inclination, and femoral shaft offset, which govern the magnitude and direction of forces, and the degree of pressure concentration in the joint. Such morphological differences exist between races and are believed to account for differences in prevalence of osteoarthritis and hip dysplasia (G Fuji et al, combined congress of the British and Japanese Orthopaedic Associations, London, October 2000).

If Lanyon et al had undertaken a morphological analysis and found no significant variations between the study and control groups (presuming a similar racial breakdown in both groups, although this information is not given), then—rather than biomechanical and morphological factors—the composition of articular collagen (biochemical factors) may be implicated. If the composition of collagen predominates in influencing susceptibility this may focus treatment approaches in the future.

The study succeeds only in measuring the point prevalence of osteoarthritis in two selected groups, a figure more easily obtained by simply comparing the rate of total hip replacement between them. Did the ethics committee consult advice from specialists in musculoskeletal medicine before approval?
Health Insurance Costs Remain a Burden for Employers and Working Families
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chloroquine Retinopathy
Authors: 栄一 山田
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

The antimalarial drug, chloroquine phosphate, is now being used for the treatment of a variety of chronic diseases. This new use of an old drug in significantly greater dosage has brought with it a previously unrecognized serious complication: chloroquine retinopathy. The occurrence of chloroquine retinopathy, despite 20 years of experience with the drug, raises several questions. Is the retinopathy an idiosyncratic reaction which has become more apparent because of more widespread use of the drug or is it a predictable toxic manifestation resulting from the employment of much larger amounts of the medication? What is known about the pharmacology of chloroquine phosphate when taken for long periods in large amounts? Is chloroquine deposited in the ocular tissues and how does it produce the retinal lesions? Some evidence is available which may answer, at least in part, several of these questions. The original studies on chloroquine metabolism were limited to dosage
INCIDENT HYPERKALEMIA IS AN INDEPENDENT THERAPEUTIC TARGET IN LOW EJECTION FRACTION HEART FAILURE PATIENTS. INSIGHTS FROM THE EMPHASIS-HF STUDY
Authors: Patrick Rossignol, Daniela Dobre, John McMurray, Karl Swedberg, Henry Krum, Dirk van Veldhuisen, Harry Shi, Bertram Pitt, Faiez Zannad
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Withdrawal notice to: <Describing the unvaccinated as the main driver of the current COVID-19 situation in Germany should not be based on analyzing pre-pandemic patterns of contacts> <[The Lancet Regional Health Europe 12 (2022) 100290]>
Authors: Günter Kampf
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2022)

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100290.].
Correlation of NOGATM left ventricular electromechanical mapping and radionuclide perfusion imaging demonstrating augmented perfusion of ischemic myocardium in patients undergoing direct myocardial VEGF-2 gene transfer Peter R. Vale, Charles E. Miliken, David Fortuin, Richard A. Schatz, Maria C. McDonald, Darryl D. Esakof, Michael Maysky, Alan B. Ashare, James F. Symes, Jeffrey M. Isner, Douglas W. Losordo. St Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston, MA, Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
<i>Practical Clinical Psychiatry for Students and Practitioners.</i>By Edward A. Strecker, A. M., M. D., Professor of Nervous and Mental Diseases, Jefferson Medical College; Medical Director, Pennsylvania Hospital, Department for Mental and Nervous Diseases; and Franklin G. Ebaugh, A. B., M. D., Professor of Psychiatry, University of Colorado; Director, Colorado Psychopathic Hospital; Foreword by Charles W. Burr, B. S., M. D., Professor of Mental Diseases, University of Pennsylvania. (<i>…
Authors: Harry Stack Sullivan
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1925)
Syringoma: Enzymatic Study
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Correction:<i>First external validation of sensitivity and specificity of the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)/American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification criteria for idiopathic inflammatory myopathies with a Japanese cohort</i>
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

In Fig 1, Fig S1, and Fig S2, (b) (=without biopsy) and (c) (=with biopsy) were mistakenly swapped.In the main text "The new criteria were therefore validated with a Japanese cohort.Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis indicated that the area under the curve (AUC) for all Japanese cases, the cases with muscle biopsy data, and the cases without muscle biopsy data was 0.97, 0.87, and 0.97, respectively (online supplementary Figure S2)".AUC=0.9562 in the graph of Fig 2S (a) was mistakenly referred as 0.97.
Unstable human atherosclerotic plaques and thermal heterogeneity: Role of the uncoupling protein UCP-2 Stefan Verheye, Michiel W. M. Knaapen, Wim Martinet, Guido R. Y. De Meyer, Arnold G. Herman, Mark M. Kockx. Cardiovascular Translational Research Institute Middelheim Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium, Division of Pharmacology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: Jessica L. Taylor, Jeffrey H. Samet
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a treatable chronic disorder with episodes of remission and recurrence characterized by loss of control of opioid use, compulsive use, and continued use despite harms. If untreated, OUD is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Buprenorphine and methadone reduce fatal and nonfatal opioid overdose and infectious complications of OUD and are the first-line treatment options. Physicians have an important role to play in diagnosing OUD and its comorbidities, offering evidence-based treatment, and delivering overdose prevention and other harm reduction services to people who continue to use opioids. Interdisciplinary office-based addiction treatment programs support high-quality OUD care.
Contents
Authors: Allister Gibbons, Ella Leung, Sonia Yoo, Paula Newman-Casey, Mariam Salman, Paul Lee, Justin Gatwood, Florent Aptel, Andrew Toren, Marcus De Jong, Wijnanda Kors, Annette Moll, Pim De Graaf, Jonas Castelijns, Robin Jansen, Brenda Gallie, Sameh Soliman, Furqan Shaikh, Helen Dimaras, Tero Kivelä, Sanjeeb Bhandari, Vuong Nguyen, Samantha Fraser-Bell, Hemal Mehta, Francesco Viola, Florian Baudin, Pierre-Henry Gabrielle, Catherine Creuzot-Garcher, Mark Gillies, Daniel Barthelmes, Jonathan Go, Sophie Lin, Katherine Williams, Jeffrey Tran, Adam Sweeney, Rod Foroozan, Michael Yen, Michael Mahr, Flora Lum, Danielle Fujino, Scott Kelly, Jay Erie, Kenneth Lai, Regine Chan, Joyce Chin, Kenneth Li, Alvin Young, Hunter Yuen, Simon Ko, Edin Fcophth, Ellen Freeman, Mélanie Varin, Marie-Jeanne Kergoat, Sylvie Belleville, Gisele Li, Marie-Hélène Roy-Gagnon, Jacqueline Rousseau, Xiangrong Kong, Rupert Strauss, Beatriz Munoz, Sheila West, Janet Cheetham, Hendrik Scholl
Journal: Ophthalmology (2020)
Antibody–Drug Conjugates: A New Addition to the Treatment Landscape of EGFR-Mutant Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Sun Min Lim, Chang Gon Kim, Byoung Chul Cho
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

Abstract The emergence of treatment resistance to targeted agents is currently inevitable and inherently heterogeneous in cancer, presenting significant challenges for improving survival outcomes in patients. This is not an exception for cancers harboring EGFR mutations, one of the most prevalently observed oncogenic alterations in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) targeted clinically. Currently, numerous efforts have attempted to delay or overcome acquired resistance to EGFR–tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), changing the treatment landscape of EGFR-mutant NSCLC. Haikala and colleagues have developed a unique strategy using patritumab deruxtecan, an antibody–drug conjugate targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) linked to exatecan derivatives, for treating EGFR-mutant NSCLC. By incorporating EGFR TKIs to upregulate surface HER3 expression, the antitumor efficacy of patritumab deruxtecan was augmented in various preclinical models. In parallel, Jänne and colleagues reported the clinical activity of patrimumab deruxtecan in patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC with prior EGFR TKI treatment. These two studies provide the grounds for hopeful anticipation for a novel strategy that concurrently targets compensatory feedback loops in addition to oncogenic signaling pathways. See related article by Haikala et al., p. 130
A Quantitative Interpretation of the Distribution of Induced Pulmonary Tumors in Mice&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Milton J. Polissar, Michael B. Shimkin
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1954)

A Quantitative Interpretation of the Distribution of Induced Pulmonary Tumors in Mice Milton J. Polissar, Milton J. Polissar Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michael B. Shimkin Michael B. Shimkin Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 15, Issue 2, October 1954, Pages 377–403, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/15.2.377 Published: 01 October 1954 Article history Received: 03 May 1954 Published: 01 October 1954
International Comments
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical education in the United States, 1988-1989
Authors: Anne E. Crowley
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Eighty-nine years ago,<i>JAMA</i>first published an EDUCATION ISSUE to call attention to the need for improvement in medical education in the United States. In the past few years, the medical education community has been concerned about the outcome (or product) of US medical education. The editorial by Dr Martini argues for outcome evaluation measures as an important step in assessing the educational <h3>Medical School Enrollment</h3> The number of applicants to US schools accredited by the Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME) for the 1988-1989 academic year decreased by 1402 individuals. Of the 26721 applicants, 17108 students were accepted by at least one school for enrollment in the fall of 1988. The number of medical students enrolled in the first year equaled 16781. The percentage of "A" students entering has decreased and the average Medical College Admission Test score of entering students is down. Two other characteristics of the entering
An Improved Codon Modeling Approach for Accurate Estimation of the Mutation Bias
Authors: Thibault Latrille, Nicolas Lartillot
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2022)

Phylogenetic codon models are routinely used to characterize selective regimes in coding sequences. Their parametric design, however, is still a matter of debate, in particular concerning the question of how to account for differing nucleotide frequencies and substitution rates. This problem relates to the fact that nucleotide composition in protein-coding sequences is the result of the interactions between mutation and selection. In particular, because of the structure of the genetic code, the nucleotide composition differs between the three coding positions, with the third position showing a more extreme composition. Yet, phylogenetic codon models do not correctly capture this phenomenon and instead predict that the nucleotide composition should be the same for all three positions. Alternatively, some models allow for different nucleotide rates at the three positions, an approach conflating the effects of mutation and selection on nucleotide composition. In practice, it results in inaccurate estimation of the strength of selection. Conceptually, the problem comes from the fact that phylogenetic codon models do not correctly capture the fixation bias acting against the mutational pressure at the mutation-selection equilibrium. To address this problem and to more accurately identify mutation rates and selection strength, we present an improved codon modeling approach where the fixation rate is not seen as a scalar, but as a tensor. This approach gives an accurate representation of how mutation and selection oppose each other at equilibrium and yields a reliable estimate of the mutational process, while disentangling the mean fixation probabilities prevailing in different mutational directions.
Activation of Cascade‐Like Antitumor Immune Responses through In Situ Doxorubicin Stimulation and Blockade of Checkpoint Coinhibitory Receptor TIGIT (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 1/2022)
Authors: Tian Tian, Jingguo Wang, Fan Yin, Miaomiao Wu, Wei He, Xuefu Wang, Zhengbao Zha, Hua Wang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2022)

Enzyme-Responsive Drug Release In article number 2102080, Zhengbao Zha, Hua Wang, and co-workers encapsulate chemotherapeutic DOX and aTIGIT drugs together in a gelatin-based hydrogel to synergistically realize immunogenic tumors, which promote the infiltration of NK and effector T cells and then are further stimulated by the subsequently released aTIGIT, to boost multilayered innate and adaptive immune responses for durable and long-lasting anti-tumor therapy.
Medical Education, Registration and Hospital Service
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Quarantine and testing strategies to ameliorate transmission due to travel during the COVID-19 pandemic: a modelling study
Authors: Chad R. Wells, Abhishek Pandey, Meagan C. Fitzpatrick, William S. Crystal, Burton H. Singer, Seyed M. Moghadas, Alison P. Galvani, Jeffrey P. Townsend
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2022)

Numerous countries have imposed strict travel restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic, contributing to a large socioeconomic burden. The long quarantines that have been applied to contacts of cases may be excessive for travel policy.We developed an approach to evaluate imminent countrywide COVID-19 infections after 0-14-day quarantine and testing. We identified the minimum travel quarantine duration such that the infection rate within the destination country did not increase compared to a travel ban, defining this minimum quarantine as "sufficient."We present a generalised analytical framework and a specific case study of the epidemic situation on November 21, 2021, for application to 26 European countries. For most origin-destination country pairs, a three-day or shorter quarantine with RT-PCR or antigen testing on exit suffices. Adaptation to the European Union traffic-light risk stratification provided a simplified policy tool. Our analytical approach provides guidance for travel policy during all phases of pandemic diseases.For nearly half of origin-destination country pairs analysed, travel can be permitted in the absence of quarantine and testing. For the majority of pairs requiring controls, a short quarantine with testing could be as effective as a complete travel ban. The estimated travel quarantine durations are substantially shorter than those specified for traced contacts.EasyJet (JPT and APG), the Elihu endowment (JPT), the Burnett and Stender families' endowment (APG), the Notsew Orm Sands Foundation (JPT and APG), the National Institutes of Health (MCF), Canadian Institutes of Health Research (SMM) and Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada EIDM-MfPH (SMM).
Infantile glaucoma. A manifestation of congenital rubella
Authors: D. I. Weiss
Journal: JAMA (1966)

After the rubella epidemic of 1964, we studied eight infants in whom congenital glaucoma developed following suspected or proved maternal rubella. Rubella virus was isolated from seven of the infants, and the eighth had a significant titer (1:64) of rubella serum neutralizing antibody at age 3 months. Infantile glaucoma was the only manifestation of congenital rubella in one infant. In another infant, glaucoma first became apparent at age 8 months. Infantile glaucoma must be distinguished from the transient corneal clouding occasionally observed in congenital rubella. Rubella acquired in utero is one cause of congenital glaucoma.
Discussion on Homosexuality: Correction
Journal: BMJ (1947)

NOTES ANID COMMENTS BMETISCOgeneral treatment of cataract, these are as numerous as the practitioners who administer them.They have no scientific basis.The least confused would appear to be some method of antigen treatment based on the injection of lens matter.A fairly prevalent method is the use of sodium iodate drops.There is no reason to believe that this is any less futile than the other methods.Keloid Formation and Skin-grafting
Public Health England's political end
Authors: None The Lancet HIV
Journal: The Lancet HIV (2020)

Public Health England (PHE), formed in 2013, is an executive agency of the UK responsible for public health activities across England with a mission statement "to protect and improve the nation's health and wellbeing, and reduce health inequalities". The agency has played a large part in England's HIV response through surveillance and the national prevention programme, which provides education and information on HIV prevention and facilitates access to HIV testing and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).