tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Use of Recombinant Zoster Vaccine in Immunocompromised Adults Aged ≥19 Years: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices — United States, 2022
Authors: Tara C. Anderson, Nina B. Masters, Angela Guo, Leah Shepersky, Andrew J. Leidner, Grace M. Lee, Camille N. Kotton, Kathleen L. Dooling
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2022)

Zoster Vaccine Recombinant, Adjuvanted (Shingrix, GlaxoSmithKline [GSK]) is a 2-dose (0.5 mL each) subunit vaccine containing recombinant glycoprotein E in combination with adjuvant (AS01B) that was licensed in the United States for prevention of herpes zoster for adults aged ≥50 years by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and recommended for immunocompetent adults aged ≥50 years by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) in 2017* (1). On July 23, 2021, the FDA expanded the indication for recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) to include adults aged ≥18 years who are or will be at increased risk for herpes zoster because of immunodeficiency or immunosuppression caused by known disease or therapy (2). On October 20, 2021, ACIP recommended 2 doses of RZV for the prevention of herpes zoster and related complications in adults aged ≥19 years† who are or will be immunodeficient or immunosuppressed because of disease or therapy. RZV is the first herpes zoster vaccine approved for use in immunocompromised persons. With moderate to high vaccine efficacy and an acceptable safety profile, RZV has the potential to prevent considerable herpes zoster incidence and related complications. This report updates previous ACIP recommendations for the prevention of herpes zoster (1,3).
From the Food and Drug Administration
Authors: Stuart L. Nightingale
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Challenges to Behavioral Health and Injury Surveillance During the COVID-19 Pandemic—Reply
Authors: Kristin M. Holland, Alana M. Vivolo-Kantor, Jennifer Adjemian
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2021)

associated with having an ED visit (AOR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.1-3.2),alcohol dependence (AOR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.4-4.9),receiving mental health care treatment (AOR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.6-3.9),and having illicit drug use disorder (AOR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.7-4.6).Discussion | Although guidelines suggest that patients with AUD should be prescribed MAUD and brief counseling as initial therapy or referred for more intensive psychosocial interventions, 3,4 we found that among an estimated 14.1 million adults with past-year AUD in 2019, only 1.6% (or 223 000 persons) used MAUD.Thus, despite the availability of medications with demonstrated efficacy, MAUDs are rarely prescribed to and used by adults with AUD.Use of MAUD may be associated with greater AUD severity.Adults receiving MAUD were more likely to report receiving mental health care and having more frequent ED visits, consistent with the associations of cooccurring psychiatric and medical disorders with greater AUD severity. 5,6 Adults with AUD who receive mental health care or ED services or who reside in large metropolitan areas may have greater access to MAUD.For those receiving nonmedication alcohol use treatment, using MAUD may improve treatment effectiveness.Although NSDUH is subject to recall and social-desirability biases, our results highlight the urgent need for improving access to and use of MAUD among adults with AUD.
Deaths
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Safety and dose-escalation study of a targeted oncolytic adenovirus, suratadenoturev (OBP-301), in patients with refractory advanced liver cancer: Phase I clinical trial.
Authors: Jeong Heo, Ja-Der Liang, Chang Won Kim, Hyun Young Woo, I-Lun Shih, Tung-Hung Su, Zhong-Zhe Lin, Stanley Chang, Yasuo Urata, Pei-Jer Chen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

459 Background: Suratadenoturev (OBP-301) is an oncolytic adenovirus that harbors a promoter of human telomerase reverse transcriptase ( hTERT) and is genetically modified to selectively replicate within and then lyse cancer cells. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and optimal dosage for intratumoral (IT) injection of OBP-301 in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: An open-label, non-comparative, phase I dose-escalation trial was performed in 20 patients who had refractory advanced HCC. OBP-301 was administered to the primary tumor using ultrasound guidance. A single IT injection of 10 10 virus particles (VP) was administered to patients in the initial cohort (Cohort-1), and the subsequent single-dose cohorts received 10 11 VP (Cohort-2), 10 12 VP (Cohort-3), and 3×10 12 VP (Cohort-4). A multiple dose cohort (Cohort-5) received 2×10 12 VP × 3 times every 2 weeks. Each of the single-dose cohorts had 3 patients and there was a single escalating dose of OBP-301 from 10 10 to 3×10 12 VP. The multiple-dose cohort had 8 patients, and 6 of them received multiple escalating doses of 2×10 12 VP ×3 times every 2 weeks. Results: There were 18 males and 2 females, and the median age was 59.39 years (range: 48.4–65.9). Patients had good tolerance of the single dose and multiple-dose regimens, and the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was more than 6×10 12 VP/patient. There was no evidence of toxicity with increasing dose, but there was a greater frequency of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) in Cohorts 4–5 than in Cohorts 1–3. The most common TEAEs related to OBP-301 were influenza-like illness (30%), pyrexia (15%), and fatigue, decreased platelet count, abdominal distension, and anemia (10% each). The overall intrahepatic mRECIST response occurred in 7 patients (39%) with confirmed stable disease (SD) and 11 (61%) with progressive disease (PD). The best target response occurred in 14 patients (78%) and 4 (22%) of them had PD. There was evidence of OBP-301 replication-dependent dissemination in the blood. Cohorts 4–5 had about 50% greater levels of CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood after OBP-301 injection. Conclusions: Multiple IT injections of OBP-301 are well-tolerated in advanced HCC. Although antitumor activity of the study medication alone would not be demonstrated obviously, SD observed as best local response was higher than as overall response. Improved anti-tumor efficacy can be achieved with adjusting viral injection volume to the target sites as well as with adopting the combination therapy with another immunothrapeutics in further study (JRCT ID: jRCT2033200223). Clinical trial information: NCT02293850.
Multicentric Castleman disease: A single center experience of treatment with a focus on autologous stem cell transplantation
Authors: Nadine H. Abdallah, Thomas Habermann, Francis K. Buadi, Morie A. Gertz, Martha Q. Lacy, S. Vincent Rajkumar, David Dingli, Ronald S. Go, Suzanne R. Hayman, Shaji K. Kumar, Taxiarchis Kourelis, Rahma Warsame, Prashant Kapoor, Eli Muchtar, Yi L. Hwa, Amie L. Fonder, Miriam A. Hobbs, Yi Lin, Nelson Leung, Moritz Binder, Mustaqeem A. Siddiqui, Robert A. Kyle, Thomas E. Witzig, Angela Dispenzieri
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2022)

Abstract Castleman disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disease characterized by diverse clinical and pathologic features. Due to its rarity, there are limited studies comparing currently available therapies. The role of autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in CD has not yet been established. In this paper, we describe the clinical characteristics, treatment choices, and outcomes in 34 Mayo Clinic patients diagnosed with multicentric CD from July 1, 2003 to April 30, 2018. Eighteen patients (53%) also met the criteria for POEMS, including 14 with the osteosclerotic variant. The first‐line treatments included: steroid monotherapy (4), cytotoxic chemotherapy (6), rituximab alone (8) or with chemotherapy (2), anti‐IL6 treatment (3), and ASCT (10). The median follow‐up was 4.8 (range: 0.1–15.2) years. The 5‐ and 10‐year overall survival rates were 84% and 71%, respectively. Sixteen patients received high‐dose chemotherapy followed by ASCT during their disease course. Among those, 14 had multicentric CD associated with POEMS. There were no transplant‐related deaths. All patients had at least a partial response to ASCT, most of whom achieved a complete response. The favorable outcomes seen with ASCT in this cohort suggest that transplantation may have a role in multicentric CD, particularly for patients with multicentric CD associated with POEMS.
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy in a Dairy Cow—Washington State, 2003
Journal: JAMA (2004)

On December 23, 2003, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) made a preliminary diagnosis of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in a single "downer" (i.e., nonambulatory disabled) dairy cow in Washington state. On December 25, this diagnosis was confirmed by the BSE international reference laboratory in Weybridge, England. This report summarizes the findings of the initial investigation of this case and describes the public health prevention measures adopted by USDA to protect the human food supply. The occurrence of BSE in the United States reinforces the need for physicians to be aware of the clinical features of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) and to arrange for brain autopsies in all decedents with suspected or probable CJD to assess the neuropathology of these patients.
A novel circulating diagnostic and prognostic metagenomic signature in esophageal adenocarcinoma: Implications for precision oncology.
Authors: Muhammad Yogi Pratama, Ashten Omstead, John D Gillece, Anastasia Gorbunova, Rachael Kreft, Sarah K Highlander, Blair Anderson Jobe, David H. Wang, Ronan Joseph Kelly, Ali Hussainy Zaidi, Ajay Goel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

336 Background: The high incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) remains a major clinical challenge as majority of these cases are diagnosed at advanced stages, with poor survival outcomes. Emerging evidence indicate intriguing associations between unique microbial profiles and cancer pathogenesis. More recent data also indicates the potential clinical significance of specific microbial signatures as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. However, to date, no studies have systematically interrogated circulating metagenome profiling in EAC patients, particularly as non-invasive, early detection, surveillance and prognostic classifiers that may improve the current management paradigms. Methods: Metagenome sequencing was performed on 81 serum specimens collected from 51 EAC, 10 high grade dysplasia (HGD), 10 Barretts’s esophagus (BE), and 10 gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients, respectively. Sequencing reads were classified using Bracken and MetaPhlAn3 to determine relative abundance between various classes. The Linear Discriminant Analysis effect size (LEfSe) method was performed to identify potential conserved and discrete microbial profiles between groups. Logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to build a model according to clinical and metagenomic classifiers to examine the diagnostic and prognostic potential of the identified metagenomic signature. Results: A significant loss of alpha and beta diversity was identified in serum specimens from EAC patients. We observed a shift in microbial taxa between each group – at the phylum, genus, and species level – with Lactobacillus sakei as the most prominent species in GERD vs. other patient groups. Interestingly, LEfSe analysis identified a complete loss of Lactobacillus ( L.Sakei and L. Curvatus), Collinsella stercoris and Bacteroides stercoris, but conversely a significant increase in Escherichia coli in patients with EAC. Finally, we developed a metagenome panel that discriminated EAC from GERD patients with an AUC value of 0.89 (95% CI, 0.78 – 0.95), and this panel in conjunction with the TNM stage was a robust predictor of overall survival (≥24 months; AUC = 0.84 [95% CI 0.66 – 0.92]) and an accompanying hazard ratio (HR) of 6.23 (95% CI, 2.65 – 14.46, P&lt;0.001). Conclusions: This study describes unique blood-based microbial profiles in patients with GERD, BE, HGD, and EAC, that are further utilized to establish a novel circulating diagnostic and prognostic metagenomic signature in EAC.
Cerebral Angiography
Authors: Oscar Sugar
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>Angiography of Cerebral Circulation</h3> by Kurt Decker and Herbert Backmund, 76 pp, 148 illus, $12, Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag (New York: Intercontinental Medical Book Corp.), 1969. For the second German edition of the Krayenbühl and Ysargil, the review [<i>JAMA</i><b>195</b>:705 (Feb 21), 1966] complained only of the price and the language barrier. The text has now been translated idiomatically by neurosurgeon H. G. McClintock, and to it has been added some new material which includes references from 1965 and 1966. The price, unfortunately, remains just under $50, and hence exorbitant from the standpoint of those who would find it of most value. It is not so excessive when consideration is given to the wonderfully reproduced angiograms, whose legends are explicit and do not fail to make their point. Although there are only 524 numbered figures, many of these include two to four separate pictures, of adequate size. The reader
Mapping the human gut mycobiome in middle-aged and elderly adults: multiomics insights and implications for host metabolic health
Authors: Menglei Shuai, Yuanqing Fu, Hai-li Zhong, Wanglong Gou, Zengliang Jiang, Yuhui Liang, Zelei Miao, Jin-Jian Xu, Tien Huynh, Mark L Wahlqvist, Yu-ming Chen, Ju-Sheng Zheng
Journal: Gut (2022)

Objective The human gut fungal community, known as the mycobiome, plays a fundamental role in the gut ecosystem and health. Here we aimed to investigate the determinants and long-term stability of gut mycobiome among middle-aged and elderly adults. We further explored the interplay between gut fungi and bacteria on metabolic health. Design The present study included 1244 participants from the Guangzhou Nutrition and Health Study. We characterised the long-term stability and determinants of the human gut mycobiome, especially long-term habitual dietary consumption. The comprehensive multiomics analyses were performed to investigate the ecological links between gut bacteria, fungi and faecal metabolome. Finally, we examined whether the interaction between gut bacteria and fungi could modulate the metabolic risk. Results The gut fungal composition was temporally stable and mainly determined by age, long-term habitual diet and host physiological states. Specifically, compared with middle-aged individuals, Blastobotrys and Agaricomycetes spp were depleted, while Malassezia was enriched in the elderly. Dairy consumption was positively associated with Saccharomyces but inversely associated with Candida . Notably, Saccharomycetales spp interacted with gut bacterial diversity to influence insulin resistance. Bidirectional mediation analyses indicated that bacterial function or faecal histidine might causally mediate an impact of Pichia on blood cholesterol. Conclusion We depict the sociodemographic and dietary determinants of human gut mycobiome in middle-aged and elderly individuals, and further reveal that the gut mycobiome may be closely associated with the host metabolic health through regulating gut bacterial functions and metabolites.
The Woodsman
Authors: Piyal Sen
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Directed by Nicole Kassell On general release http://www.thewoodsmanfilm.com/ Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img>![Graphic][4]</img> I t is rare to come across a film that treats a serious topic with adequate sensitivity and draws the right balance between realism and compassion. The Woodsman falls into this category, dealing with the emotionally charged issue of paedophilia. Walter, the principal protagonist (played by Kevin Bacon), is a convicted paedophile, released on supervised parole. Rather surprisingly, he is housed in an apartment directly across the road from an elementary school. He finds work as a carpenter and meets Vickie (Kyra Sedgwick), a fellow worker, herself a victim of incestuous abuse. An intimate relationship … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif
Dupilumab improves health related quality of life: Results from the phase 3 SINUS studies
Authors: Stella E. Lee, Claire Hopkins, Joaquim Mullol, Jérôme Msihid, Isabelle Guillemin, Nikhil Amin, Leda P. Mannent, Yongtao Li, Shahid Siddiqui, Chien‐Chia Chuang, Siddhesh Kamat, Asif H. Khan
Journal: Allergy (2022)

Abstract Background Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a predominantly type 2‐mediated inflammatory disease with high symptom burden and reduced health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). This report aimed to comprehensively understand the effects of dupilumab on domains of HRQoL, their individual elements, and health status in patients with severe CRSwNP from phase 3 SINUS‐24 (NCT02912468) and SINUS‐52 (NCT02898454) trials. Methods Patients were randomized to dupilumab ( n = 438) or placebo ( n = 286) for 24 weeks (SINUS‐24), or 52 weeks (SINUS‐52). Disease‐specific HRQoL using 22‐item sino‐nasal outcome test (SNOT‐22), and health status using EuroQoL‐visual analog scale (EQ‐VAS) was evaluated in the pooled intention‐to‐treat (ITT) population (Week 24), SINUS‐52 ITT (Week 52) and in the subgroups with/without asthma; non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug‐exacerbated respiratory disease (NSAID‐ERD); and prior sinus surgery. Results At baseline, patients had poor disease‐specific HRQoL and general health status and identified “Decreased sense of smell/taste” and “Nasal blockage” as the most important symptoms. Dupilumab significantly improved SNOT‐22 total, domain (Nasal, Sleep, Function, Emotion, and Ear/facial), and 22‐item scores, and EQ‐VAS, at Week 24 vs placebo (all p &lt; .0001), with continued improvements to Week 52 in SINUS‐52. Improvements occurred irrespective of comorbid asthma, NSAID‐ERD, or prior surgery. A significantly greater proportion of dupilumab‐treated patients exceeded clinically meaningful thresholds for SNOT‐22 total score and EQ‐VAS vs placebo (all subgroups p &lt; .05 except patients without surgery at Week 24). Conclusions Dupilumab treatment led to significant clinically meaningful improvements across all aspects of disease‐specific HRQoL, and general health status in patients with severe CRSwNP.
Regulated Exogenous/Endogenous Inflammation via “Inner‐Outer” Medicated Electrospun Fibers for Promoting Tissue Reconstruction
Authors: Xue Zhou, Qimanguli Saiding, Xianjing Wang, Juan Wang, Wenguo Cui, Xinliang Chen
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2022)

Regenerative medicine aims to provide solutions for structural and functional recovery in conditions where organs suffer from varying degrees of diseases or injuries. However, the exogenous inflammation triggered by implanted biomaterials and endogenous inflammation caused by some disease or tissue destruction has not been solved properly yet. Herein, a functional "inner-outer" medicated core-shell electrospun fibrous membrane is fabricated with RGD surface modification for exogenous inflammation suppression and puerarin loading in the core for long-term endogenous inflammation inhibition through microsol electrospinning technique. The "outer" RGD significantly increases biocompatibility of fibrous membrane through promoting cell viability, adhesion, and proliferation while the "inner" puerarin suppresses inflammatory gene expression via sustained drug release in vitro. Moreover, in a rat abdominal wall hernia model, the functional fibrous membrane successfully reduces exogenous and endogenous inflammation response and promotes wound healing through collagen deposition, smooth muscle formation, and vascularization. In summary, the functional "inner-outer" medicated fibrous membrane holds a great potential for clinical treatment of diseases that needs tissue reconstruction structurally and functionally accompanied by immunoregulation.
University of Prague
Authors: Vinzenz Lachnit
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In the communication, "History of Cracow School of Medicine," (<i>JAMA</i><b>188</b>:662 [May 18] 1964) the authors wrote: "The first universities to appear east of France were Prague (1348) and Cracow (1364). Austrian, German, and Scandinavian universities were to come later." The latter statement is not correct, for Prague itself was the first German university having been founded in 1348 by the German emperor Charles IV, who had his residence in Prague.
Massachusetts Medical Society
Authors: George C. Bourne, Daniel N. Beers, J. Allen Bryer, James E. Fell, David W. Wallwork, Henry D. Stebbins, Milton M. Sisson, Allen G. Rice, Joseph R. Hobbs, William F. Hickey, Philip G. Berman, Alexander A. Levi, John J. Lepore, Solomon L. Skvirsky, Ebenezer K. Jenkins, Samuel Gale, Charles G. Shedd, Edward Budnitz, Seymour I. Nathanson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

INDUSTRIAL HEALTH CONFERENCEInvitations have been extended to all physicians, industrial nurses and representatives of labor, management and the insurance industry to take active part in the Industrial Health Conference to be held October 17 at the Hotel Bradford, under the auspices of the Massachusetts Medical Society's Committee on Industrial Health (Dr. Henry C. Marble, chairman).The conference will begin at 2:00 p.m., with a panel on employment of the physically handicapped and the older worker. Panel members will discuss specifically the elderly worker, orthopedic handicaps and placement problems from the points of view of insurance underwriters, personnel directors, management . . .