tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Atrioventricular nodal reentry. Clinical, electrophysiological, and therapeutic considerations.
Authors: MAkhtar, M RJazayeri, JSra, ZBlanck, SDeshpande, ADhala
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDAtrioventricular (AV) nodal reentry is a relatively common cause of regular, narrow QRS tachycardia. The underlying basis for this arrhythmia is functional (and anatomic) duality of pathways in the region of the AV node, although the exact boundaries of the reentrant circuit have not been convincingly defined. During the more common type of AV nodal reentry (seen in approximately 90% of cases), a slow conducting pathway is used in the anterograde direction, and a fast pathway is operative in the retrograde direction. In the uncommon form, the direction of impulse propagation within the reentrant circuit is reversed. In this article, the clinical, ECG, and electrophysiological features of AV nodal reentry as well as approaches to therapy are discussed.METHODS AND RESULTSClinical diagnosis may be made from the surface ECG. In the common type of AV nodal reentry, the P wave is obscured by the QRS or may be present in its terminal portion. The P wave in the uncommon form occurs late (i.e., in or aft...
Abdominal Pain in Liver Disease
Journal: BMJ (1966)

BRDITALsH 611 treated disks.A collar or traction do not achieve this.The range of extension can be increased by means of a relaxed extension lying on a block under the upper dorsal region.The active extension must be carried out lying supine, and arching up to lie on back of head and buttocks.Carried out in this way ,the spine is not weight-bearing.It must be done as a stretch, not as physical jerks.This treatment has been carried out for a good many years in the hospitals I visit, 'with gratifying results.-Iam, etc.,
Preferential increase in subendocardial perfusion produced by endothelium-dependent vasodilators.
Authors: L RPelc, G JGross, D CWarltier
Journal: Circulation (1987)

The transmural distribution of myocardial blood flow across the left ventricles of anesthetized dogs was measured with radioactive microspheres during intracoronary infusion of the endothelium-dependent vasodilators acetylcholine (10 micrograms/min), adenosine triphosphate (ATP; 20 micrograms/min), and arachidonic acid (600 micrograms/min) and the endothelium-independent vasodilator nifedipine (5 micrograms/min). These compounds were administered before and after a 30 min intracoronary infusion of the phospholipase A2 inhibitor quinacrine (300 micrograms/min). Acetylcholine, ATP, and arachidonic acid produced significant (p less than .05) increases in transmural blood flow and in the ratio of subendocardial to subepicardial blood flow (endo/epi) when compared with control. Infusion of quinacrine did not affect this ratio and did not block the increase in transmural blood flow produced by each agent; however, it did block the redistribution of flow to the subendocardium. In contrast, there was no change in...
Cryosurgery of malignant neoplasms of the head and neck
Authors: J. R. Chandler
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Cryosurgical techniques were used in the treatment of 50 patients, 32 of whom were treated for cure. The primary tumor has been controlled in 56%; treatment failed in 38%, and two operative deaths resulted. Cryosurgery is a valuable additional technique in the treatment of certain malignant head and neck tumors. It is particularly useful in the management of recurrent carcinoma following accepted surgical and radiotherapeutic procedures. Care is necessary in the selection of patients. Palliative benefits are few if any. Cryosurgery should be used in an aggressive manner in an attempt to salvage patients otherwise felt to be incurable. Vigorous treatment of desperately ill patients will result in significant morbidity and possible mortality. It should also result in some cures.
POINTS FROM LETTERS: "Imferon"
Authors: R. de Soldenhoff
Journal: BMJ (1960)

MEDICAL JOURNAiL had a similar aetiology have been reported following cardiac catheterization.1 2 A septic abortion accom- panied by a vascular collapse has been reported.3Detergents have been suggested as a vehicle.4However, no positive cause has been established in our cases.Our hospital staff would like to know if other hospitals have experienced any similar reactions and what theories, facts, or leads may have been uncovered.Any reference to literature or personal reports of similar experiences would be appreciated by the undersigned.
Diminished transient outward currents in rat hypertrophied ventricular myocytes.
Authors: FTomita, A LBassett, R JMyerburg, SKimura
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

Action potential duration is prolonged in ventricular hypertrophy induced by sustained pressure overload. Since the transient outward current (I(to)) is a major factor for determining action potential duration in rat ventricular cells, we used patch-clamp techniques to compare the characteristics of I(to) in normal and hypertrophied left ventricular cells of the rat. Left ventricular pressure overload was induced by partial ligation of the abdominal aorta for 4 to 6 weeks before study. Age-matched normal rats served as controls. Pressure overload increased the heart weight-to-body weight ratio by 47.7%. I(to) was significantly smaller in hypertrophied cells than in normal cells (20.0 +/- 1.3 versus 31.0 +/- 2.1 pA/pF, respectively, at a test potential of +60 mV; P < .001). There were no differences in the steady-state inactivation, the inactivation time course, and the time course of recovery from inactivation between normal and hypertrophied cells. At the single-channel level, there were no differences i...
Detection and exclusion of interatrial shunts by two-dimensional echocardiography and peripheral venous injection.
Authors: T DFraker, P JHarris, V SBehar, J AKisslo
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Two-dimensional echocardiography (2-D echo) was used with peripherally injected contrast material to detect interatrial shunts in 33 patients. Group 1 consisted of 11 patients having classic clinical findings of atrial septal defect. Group 2 consisted of 12 patients with problems requiring that atrial shunting be excluded. Group 3 (control group) consisted of 10 patients undergoing cardiac catheterization for chest pain. Confirmation of the 2-D echo findings was provided by cardiac catheterization in 32 patients and postmortem examination in one. Right-to-left atrial shunts were detected in all 11 patients in group 1, although seven had no right-to-left shunt calculable by oximetry. Four patients in Group 2 had right-to-left atrial shunts. None of the patients in Group 3 had atrial shunts. In the 15 patients with atrial shunts, the degree of right-to-left shunting could be qualitatively assessed as small, moderate, or large. There were no false-negative or false-positive results by contrast 2-D echo.
The relevance of peripheral baroreceptors and chemoreceptors to regulation of cerebral blood flow in the cat.
Authors: DBates, T MSundt
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

The contribution of neural vasomotor reflexes to the control of cerebral blood flow (CBF) was investigated in 30 cats lightly anesthetized with pentobarbital. CBF was measured both by kinetic analysis and by the intial slope technique of the washout curve of a bolus of 133Xe. Autoregulation (10 cats) and responsiveness to alteration in arterial PCO2 (PaCO2) (10 cats) and arterial PO2 (Pao2) (five cats) were assessed both before and after bilateral intracranial division of the 9th and 10th nerves. In an additional group (five cats), related changes in CBF to alteration of PaCO2 were recorded before and after unilateral section of the 7th and 8th nerves. Autoregulation was preserve after division of the 9th and 10th nerves and there was no significant change in the PaCO2 response curves. Section of the 7th and 8th cranial nerves did not produce conclusive results in the small number of cats studied. A conclusion that the facial nerves are not dominant in responses to hypercapnia seems justified, but a modul...
Racial (black-white) differences in serum lipoprotein (a) distribution and its relation to parental myocardial infarction in children. Bogalusa Heart Study.
Authors: S RSrinivasan, G HDahlen, R AJarpa, L SWebber, G SBerenson
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDThe value of lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] in the prediction of coronary artery disease risk very early in life remains to be established in different racial groups.METHODS AND RESULTSSerum Lp(a) distribution and its relation to parental histories of myocardial infarction were examined in 2,438 children (8-17 years old) from a biracial community. Parental myocardial infarction was used as a surrogate measure of future risk of disease in the offspring. Lp(a) levels averaged 1.7-fold higher in blacks than in whites (p less than 0.0001). A small but significant sex difference (females greater than males, p less than 0.05) was seen in both races. Race was the only independent variable that contributed appreciably (9%) to the variability of Lp(a) in serum. White children with parental myocardial infarction (n = 90) had increased levels of Lp(a) compared with those without parental myocardial infarction (22.4 versus 17.1 mg/dl, p less than 0.01). Furthermore, among white children, the prevalence of parental...
Low iron-binding capacity as a risk factor for myocardial infarction.
Authors: M KMagnusson, NSigfusson, HSigvaldason, G MJohannesson, SMagnusson, GThorgeirsson
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDIn a recent Finnish study, ferritin was suggested to be an independent risk factor for acute myocardial infarction. This study suggested that high levels of iron stores might thus be atherogenic and possibly explain partly the sex difference in the incidence of ischemic heart disease.METHODS AND RESULTSA randomly selected group (n = 2036), men and women aged 25 to 74 years, were examined between June and September 1983. All classic risk factors for coronary artery disease were measured as well as basic hematologic parameters and the parameters of iron metabolism, ie, iron, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), and ferritin. During the follow-up for 8.5 years, 81 subjects experienced acute myocardial infarction (63 men and 18 women). The differences in the iron parameters between men and women were almost exclusively seen in ferritin values (198 micrograms/L in men and 91 micrograms/L in women), whereas small differences were seen in TIBC. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the...
Plasma KIM-1 Is Associated with Recurrence Risk after Nephrectomy for Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Trial of the ECOG-ACRIN Research Group (E2805)
Authors: Wenxin Xu, Mäneka Puligandla, Brian Halbert, Naomi B. Haas, Keith T. Flaherty, Robert G. Uzzo, Janice P. Dutcher, Robert S. DiPaola, Venkata Sabbisetti, Rupal S. Bhatt
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract Purpose: No circulating biomarkers are currently available to identify patients at highest risk of recurrence after nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) is overexpressed in RCC and its ectodomain circulates in plasma. We investigated whether plasma KIM-1 is a prognostic biomarker in patients with localized RCC after nephrectomy. Experimental Design: The ECOG-ACRIN E2805 (ASSURE) trial evaluated adjuvant sunitinib, sorafenib, or placebo in resected high-risk RCC. KIM-1 levels were measured from banked plasma at trial enrollment 4–12 weeks after nephrectomy. Lognormal accelerated failure time models were used to test for association between KIM-1 and disease-free survival (DFS) as well as overall survival (OS). Results: Plasma from 418 patients was analyzed. Higher post-nephrectomy KIM-1 was associated with worse DFS across all study arms after adjustment for Fuhrman grade, T stage, N stage, and tumor histology [survival time ratio 0.56 for 75th vs. 25th percentile of KIM-1; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.42–0.73; P &amp;lt; 0.001]. The association between KIM-1 and DFS was stronger among patients with pathologic nodal involvement (Pinteraction = 0.0086). The addition of post-nephrectomy KIM-1 improved the concordance of clinical prognostic models [Stage, Size, Grade, and Necrosis (SSIGN) concordance 0.57 vs. 0.43, P = 0.05; UCLA International Staging System (UISS) concordance 0.60 vs. 0.40, P = 0.0005]. Higher post-nephrectomy KIM-1 was also associated with worse OS after multivariable adjustment (survival time ratio 0.71 for 75th vs. 25th percentile of KIM-1; 95% CI, 0.56–0.91; P &amp;lt; 0.001). Conclusions: Post-nephrectomy plasma KIM-1 is associated with DFS and OS in RCC, and may be a biomarker for microscopic residual disease.
Biliary obstruction caused by an erupted hepatic hydatid cyst
Authors: Dianne Leeuw, Peter J. van der Schaar, Roeland Zoutendijk
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

A 60-year-old woman presented to the emergency room with nausea and upper abdominal pain radiating to the back. Her past medical history was significant for an inactive hepatic hydatid cyst for 30 years. She had presented 4 months earlier with acute pancreatitis. Despite a negative abdominal ultrasound, a laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed for presumed biliary pancreatitis.
Power spectrum analysis of heart rate variability in human cardiac transplant recipients.
Authors: K ESands, M LAppel, L SLilly, F JSchoen, G HMudge, R JCohen
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Beat-to-beat heart rate variability was studied by power spectral analysis in 17 orthotopic cardiac transplant patients. Heart rate power spectra were calculated from eighty-four 256-second recordings and compared with those taken from six normal subjects. The power spectra from the control subjects resolved into discrete peaks at 0.04-0.12 Hz and 0.2-0.3 Hz, whereas those of heart transplant recipients resembled broad-band noise without peaks. Log total power in the 0.02-1.0 Hz range was greater in the control subjects (0.982 +/- 0.084 [0.206], mean +/- SEM [SD]) than in the transplanted subjects (-0.766 +/- 0.059 [0.541]), (p less than 0.0001). Fifty-five electrocardiographic recordings from transplant patients were done within 48 hours of an endomyocardial biopsy. When the power spectra of those patients whose endomyocardial biopsies showed evidence of myocardial rejection were compared with those from patients who were found to be free of rejection, a significant difference was found in log total powe...
Myocardial protection during coronary angioplasty with an autoperfusion balloon catheter in humans.
Authors: P JQuigley, THinohara, H RPhillips, R HPeter, V SBehar, YKong, C ASimonton, J APerez, R SStack
Journal: Circulation (1988)

An autoperfusion balloon catheter was developed to allow passive myocardial perfusion during inflation through a central lumen and multiple side holes in the shaft proximal and distal to the balloon. We report its safety and efficacy in 11 patients undergoing elective angioplasty to a single coronary lesion. Each lesion was dilated three times with the autoperfusion inflation bracketed between two inflations by standard angioplasty catheters. Chest pain score, 12-lead electrocardiogram, heart rate, and mean aortic pressure were recorded before each inflation and at 1-minute intervals after inflation. Inflation duration during autoperfusion angioplasty (513 +/- 303 seconds) was longer than for the pre- (107 +/- 55 seconds, p = 0.0004) and post- (139 +/- 71 seconds, p = 0.0006) standard dilatations. The maximum ST-segment elevation and depression in any lead during autoperfusion angioplasty (0.3 +/- 0.5 and 0.6 +/- 0.8 mm) was significantly less than for the pre- (2.4 +/- 1.7 mm, p = 0.002 and 2.2 +/- 1.3 m...
Circulating and tissue endothelin immunoreactivity in hypercholesterolemic pigs.
Authors: ALerman, M WWebster, J HChesebro, W DEdwards, C MWei, VFuster, J CBurnett
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDHypercholesterolemia is characterized by a coronary vasoconstrictive response to the endothelium-dependent vasodilator acetylcholine. This abnormality may be due to reduced synthesis of endothelium-derived relaxing factor and/or enhanced synthesis and release of an endothelium-derived contracting factor. Endothelin is an endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor and mitogenic peptide that is present in normal plasma, and its circulating concentrations are elevated in disease states that are characterized by abnormal endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine. The current studies were designed to test the hypotheses that experimental hypercholesterolemia results in elevation of plasma and tissue endothelin immunoreactivity and that the abnormal acetylcholine-evoked coronary vasoconstriction in the hypercholesterolemic animals is associated with further elevation of plasma endothelin.METHODS AND RESULTSPlasma concentrations and molecular forms of endothelin immunoreactivity were determined follow...
The effects of cyclosporine on acute murine Coxsackie B3 myocarditis.
Authors: J BO'Connell, E AReap, J ARobinson
Journal: Circulation (1986)

The effects of the immunosuppressant drug cyclosporine were studied in the murine model of Coxsackie B3 myocarditis. Ten BALB/c mice, given daily cyclosporine (15 mg/kg) intraperitoneally but not infected, were normal in all respects after 2 weeks. All 32 BALB/c mice infected, but given no cyclosporine, survived and had moderate myocardial mononuclear infiltrates and minimal necrosis at 7 and 14 days. In contrast, 24 mice concurrently infected and given cyclosporine had a high mortality rate (75%) and a significantly attenuated mononuclear infiltrate in the presence of enhanced necrosis when compared with control infected mice. Sixteen mice started on the drug 1 week after infection had a lower mortality rate (55%), but very similar histologic abnormalities. In contrast to negligible or no virus in the hearts of infected mice that were not given cyclosporine, drug treated, infected groups had easily detectable virus in their hearts 14 days after infection. An identical study in Swiss ICR mice yielded simi...
Prior infection by seasonal coronaviruses, as assessed by serology, does not prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease in children, France, April to June 2020
Authors: Isabelle Sermet-Gaudelus, Sarah Temmam, Christèle Huon, Sylvie Behillil, Vincent Gajdos, Thomas Bigot, Thibaut Lurier, Delphine Chrétien, Marija Backovic, Agnès Delaunay-Moisan, Flora Donati, Mélanie Albert, Elsa Foucaud, Bettina Mesplées, Grégoire Benoist, Albert Faye, Marc Duval-Arnould, Célia Cretolle, Marina Charbit, Mélodie Aubart, Johanne Auriau, Mathie Lorrot, Dulanjalee Kariyawasam, Laura Fertitta, Gilles Orliaguet, Bénédicte Pigneur, Brigitte Bader-Meunier, Coralie Briand, Vincent Enouf, Julie Toubiana, Tiffany Guilleminot, Sylvie van der Werf, Marianne Leruez-Ville, Marc Eloit
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2021)

BackgroundChildren have a low rate of COVID-19 and secondary severe multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS) but present a high prevalence of symptomatic seasonal coronavirus infections.AimWe tested if prior infections by seasonal coronaviruses (HCoV) NL63, HKU1, 229E or OC43 as assessed by serology, provide cross-protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection.MethodsWe set a cross-sectional observational multicentric study in pauci- or asymptomatic children hospitalised in Paris during the first wave for reasons other than COVID (hospitalised children (HOS), n = 739) plus children presenting with MIS (n = 36). SARS-CoV-2 antibodies directed against the nucleoprotein (N) and S1 and S2 domains of the spike (S) proteins were monitored by an in-house luciferase immunoprecipitation system assay. We randomly selected 69 SARS-CoV-2-seropositive patients (including 15 with MIS) and 115 matched SARS-CoV-2-seronegative patients (controls (CTL)). We measured antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV as evidence for prior corresponding infections and assessed if SARS-CoV-2 prevalence of infection and levels of antibody responses were shaped by prior seasonal coronavirus infections.ResultsPrevalence of HCoV infections were similar in HOS, MIS and CTL groups. Antibody levels against HCoV were not significantly different in the three groups and were not related to the level of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the HOS and MIS groups. SARS-CoV-2 antibody profiles were different between HOS and MIS children.ConclusionPrior infection by seasonal coronaviruses, as assessed by serology, does not interfere with SARS-CoV-2 infection and related MIS in children.
Glomerular ultrafiltration coefficient after ischemic renal injury in dogs.
Authors: V JSavin, R VPatak, GMarr, A SHermreck, S MRidge, KLake
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

Micropuncture studies of acute renal failure after ischemic renal injury suggest that glomerular ultrafiltration coefficient may remain normal in the period immediately after ischemia and decline significantly during the following 18-24 hours. The present series of in vitro experiments was designed to evaluate glomerular ultrafiltration coefficient and glomerular oncometric and rheological properties in ischemic acute renal failure in dogs. To obtain glomeruli prior to ischemia, a right nephrectomy was performed and glomeruli were isolated for studies of filtration and cell and extracellular spaces. The left renal pedicle then was occluded for 90 minutes; glomeruli isolated from biopsies of this kidney were studied at intervals up to 48 hours after ischemia. Glomeruli were isolated by sieving renal cortical fragments, and filtration was induced by an oncotic gradient. The glomerular ultrafiltration coefficient remained near control levels for the first hour after ischemia, but declined significantly at 24...
Localization of aortic valve vegetations by echocardiography.
Authors: D SHirschfeld, NSchiller
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Nine patients with anatomically documented vegetations on one or more cusps of the aortic valve had echocardiograms in which abnormal echoes were associated with the aortic leaflet echoes. The motion of the abnormal echoes during systole correlated well with the anatomic location of vegetations: a vegetation on the right coronary cusp moved anteriorly with systole while a vegetation on the noncoronary cusp moved posteriorly during systole. Our data, although inconclusive, suggest that echoes from a vegetation on the left coronary cusp maintain a mid-aortic position throughout the cardiac cycle. The echocardiographic appearance of vegetations is not specific, but in the setting of septicemia, dense mobile echoes in the region of the aortic valve are strongly suggestive of vegetation. A normal echocardiographic appearance of the aortic valve does not exclude the possibility that vegetation is present, especially if the growth is less than 5 mm in size.
Superiority of NaF PET/CT Over Chest CT in a Case of Osteosarcoma
Authors: David Morland, François Godard, Paul Lalire, Jean-Christophe Eymard, Dimitri Papathanassiou
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

We report the case of a 21-year-old man referred to our institution for the initial staging of an osteoblastic osteosarcoma of the right femur. An 18F-NaF PET/CT demonstrated millimetric pleuroparenchymal metastases, later confirmed on follow-up. These lesions were not reported on both dedicated chest CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT.