tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
POS1155 INFECTIOUS RISK DURING BIOLOGIC THERAPY FOR INFLAMMATORY RHEUMATIC DISEASES: DATA FROM THE TUNISIAN BINAR REGISTRY
Authors: S. Boussaid, R. Ben Aissa, S. Kochbati, M. Elleuch, L. Abdelmoula, A. Laatar, W. Hamdi, I. Gharsallah, E. Bouagina, S. Baklouti, N. Bergaoui, M. Younes
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

Background: The development of biologics for the treatment of systemic rheumatic diseases increased the risk of infections. The management of this complication deserves particular attention since it remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Objectives: The aim of our study was to determine infection frequency under biological treatment and consequences on the therapeutic management. Methods: Patients included in the Biological National Registry (BINAR) from 2016 to 2020. Data related to the disease, biological agents, and infections occurring under biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) were collected. Results: The study included 298 patients with a mean age of 49.2 years [18-79] 175 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 123 with spondyloarthritis (Axial Spondyloarthritis=48, Enteropathic Arthritis=41, Psoriatic Arthritis=34). Anti Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (Anti-TNF) agents were the most prescribed bDMARDs in 87.9% (n=263) of patients: Infliximab 20.4% (n=61),Etanercept 23.1%(n=69), Adalimumab 24.6%(n=74) and Certolizumab (n=79). No patients were treated with Golimumab. Tocilizumab and Rituximab were prescribed respectively in 10.4% (n=31) and 5% (n=15) of patients. Infections occured in 9 patients (3.1%) with a total of 13 infectious episodes 12 bacterial and a viral one. The site of infections was: respiratory (38%), urinary (15%), cutaneous (23%), ORL (8%), infective endocarditis (8%), and other (8%). The infectious agent was identified in only 3 patients. The outcomes were favorable in most cases except in one patient where there was a definitive interruption of bDMARDs. The patient was hospitalized for sepsis complicating a cutaneous infection with favorable outcomes under antibiotics within a week. The biological agent with higher risk of infections was Tocilizumab (p = 0.056), unlike Rituximab (p = 0.483) and Anti-TNF (p = 0.082). All patients who had an infectious episode were under corticosteroids. Conclusion: Our results confirm that bDMARDs are predisposing to infections, but data from BINAR showed that most infections were trivial with no serious outcomes. Therefore, infections should be assessed in patients under bDMARDs for an early therapeutic intervention. Disclosure of Interests: None declared.
Different Appearances of 3 Malignancies in 68Ga-PSMA-11 Versus 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Friedrich Weitzer, Tina Nazerani-Hooshmand, Reingard Maria Aigner, Birgit Pernthaler
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) overexpression has been described in various malignancies. Hereby we present a case of a 69-year-old man simultaneously diagnosed with prostate cancer, esophageal adenocarcinoma, and HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma). 18F-FDG PET/CT showed pathological uptake in the esophageal adenocarcinoma and the primary prostate tumor, whereas 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT performed for staging of the histopathologically confirmed prostate cancer revealed the primary tumor and significant uptake in the HCC. This finding is remarkable because the high physiological liver uptake of 68Ga-PSMA-11 may hamper the detection of small lesions.
Colorectal cancer incidence, mortality, and stage distribution in European countries in the colorectal cancer screening era: an international population-based study
Authors: Rafael Cardoso, Feng Guo, Thomas Heisser, Monika Hackl, Petra Ihle, Harlinde De Schutter, Nancy Van Damme, Zdravka Valerianova, Trajan Atanasov, Ondřej Májek, Jan Mužík, Mef Christina Nilbert, Anne Julie Tybjerg, Kaire Innos, Margit Mägi, Nea Malila, Anne-Marie Bouvier, Véronique Bouvier, Guy Launoy, Anne-Sophie Woronoff, Mélanie Cariou, Michel Robaszkiewicz, Patricia Delafosse, Florence Poncet, Alexander Katalinic, Paul M Walsh, Carlo Senore, Stefano Rosso, Ieva Vincerževskienė, Valery E P P Lemmens, Marloes A G Elferink, Tom Børge Johannesen, Hartwig Kørner, Frank Pfeffer, Maria José Bento, Jessica Rodrigues, Filipa Alves da Costa, Ana Miranda, Vesna Zadnik, Tina Žagar, Arantza Lopez de Munain Marques, Rafael Marcos-Gragera, Montse Puigdemont, Jaume Galceran, Marià Carulla, María-Dolores Chirlaque, Monica Ballesta, Kristina Sundquist, Jan Sundquist, Marco Weber, Andrea Jordan, Christian Herrmann, Mohsen Mousavi, Anton Ryzhov, Michael Hoffmeister, Hermann Brenner
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2021)
AB0906-HPR BENEFIT OF A NURSE-LED PROGRAM OF CARE FOR MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH ESTABLISHED RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: P. Lois, L. Lopez Pedraza, G. Candelas, C. Lajas, M. Rodero, T. Mulero López, L. León, B. Fernandez, L. Rodriguez Rodriguez, L. Abasolo
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

Background: Nowadays, many countries experience an urgent demand for rheumatologists and greater cost-effectiveness. Thus, different alternatives to conventional outpatient physician-led follow-up have been investigated. The alternative of community-based service delivery systems is intended to meet emerging needs, reducing the costs of hospital care and morbidity. In patients with long-term conditions, such as Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), nurses are seen as essential in the delivery of promotion in self-care and decision-making, favoring the empowerment of patients. Objectives: To systematically investigate if the nurse led-care management (NLCM) education programs are beneficial in patients with RA. Methods: This is a systematic literature research publication on the following bibliographic databases: Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Central register of Controlled Trials from the beginning until 2019. Results: From a yield of 116 studies, 44 were included in the review. After quality assessment and exclusion of the lowest-ranked studies, 19 studies were analyzed. Outcomes were organized into six themes (1) disease activity; (2) adherence; (3)satisfaction; (4)treatment compliance, (5) depression and (6)quality of life. All studies had significant results in at least one of the outcomes. Conclusion: According to our results, we can conclude that, clinicians could benefit from support conducted by nurse in the management of these patients in tasks such as metrology clinic, participation in enforcement, self-administration, the correct dosage and side effects of treatments, and link the patient and other professionals or entities. It would therefore be advisable to conduct further studies to draw more accurate and reliable conclusions in this context. References: [1]Bech B, Primdahl J, Van Tubergen A, et al. 2018 update of the EULAR recommendations for the role of the nurse in the management of chronic inflammatory arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2020; 79: 61–68. [2]Uthman I, Almoallim H, Buckley CD, et al. Nurse-led care for the management of rheumatoid arthritis: a review of the global literature and proposed strategies for implementation in Africa and the Middle East. Rheumatology International 2020; 1: 3. [3]Garner S, Lopatina E, Rankin JA, et al. Nurse-led care for patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review of the effect on quality of care. J Rheumatol 2017; 44: 757–765. Disclosure of Interests: None declared
Camidanlumab tesirine in patients with relapsed or refractory lymphoma: a phase 1, open-label, multicentre, dose-escalation, dose-expansion study
Authors: Mehdi Hamadani, Graham P Collins, Paolo F Caimi, Felipe Samaniego, Alexander Spira, Andrew Davies, John Radford, Tobias Menne, Anand Karnad, Jasmine M Zain, Paul Fields, Karin Havenith, Hans G Cruz, Shui He, Joseph Boni, Jay Feingold, Jens Wuerthner, Steven Horwitz
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2021)
Bortezomib Induces Immunogenic Cell Death in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Laurence Zitvogel, Guido Kroemer
Journal: Blood Cancer Discovery (2021)

Abstract Summary: As a general rule, successful antineoplastic treatments induce an antitumor immune response, even if they were initially designed to target cancer cell–autonomous pathways. In this issue of Blood Cancer Discovery, Gulla and colleagues reveal that the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib induces immunogenic stress and death in multiple myeloma cells, thus explaining its therapeutic efficacy. See related article by Gulla et al., p. 468.
Equity and the JAMA Network
Authors: Phil B. Fontanarosa, Annette Flanagin, John Z. Ayanian, Robert O. Bonow, Neil M. Bressler, Dimitri Christakis, Mary L. Disis, S. Andrew Josephson, Melina R. Kibbe, Dost Öngür, Jay F. Piccirillo, Rita F. Redberg, Frederick P. Rivara, Kanade Shinkai, Clyde W. Yancy
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2021)

The key objective of JAMA is "To promote the science and art of medicine and the betterment of the public health"; similar objectives and mission statements are supported by all 12 JAMA Network Journals.Together this family of journals is committed to publishing the best research, reviews, and opinion articles to advance medical science, promote public health, and improve patient care.The ultimate goal is to promulgate truth in science and medicine.On February 23, 2021, a podcast titled "Structural Racism for Doctors-What Is It?" was posted by the JAMA Network and on the following day, a tweet was posted to promote the podcast.Assertions in both that disavowed the presence of structural racism in medicine and among physicians were wrong, misguided, and uninformed.An extensive evidence base strongly supports the presence of structural racism in medicine and its adverse influence on health. 1 The process for reviewing and publishing the podcast and tweet was also flawed.On March 4, 2021, Howard Bauchner, MD, editor in chief of JAMA and the 12 JAMA Network Journals, took responsibility and issued an apology for the podcast and tweet.This editorial team also expresses a profound apology for the misinformation in the podcast and tweet and recognizes the hurt, anger, and outrage that resulted.These events and developments make it clear that JAMA and the JAMA Network Journals can and must do better and advance toward inclusion and antiracism in all journalrelated activities.Even though these journals have made progress, additional commitment and work are needed to build on and intensify these efforts to achieve meaningful, sustainable change.For instance, previous efforts include the more than 650 research, review, and opinion articles on race, racism, and racial and ethnic disparities and inequities that have been published in JAMA and the JAMA Network Journals since 2015, 1 including editorials in JAMA on topics such as race and medical research, 2 race and poverty and medicine, 3 enhancing diversity in medical schools, 4 and equity related to COVID-19 vaccines. 5n addition, within the past year, JAMA Network Open and JAMA Health Forum issued calls for manuscripts on prevention and effects of systemic racism in health 6,7 ; JAMA Psychiatry initiated an editorial fellowship prioritized to early-career academic psychiatrists from underrepresented backgrounds; and JAMA Surgery issued a "Call to Action" to all surgery journal editors for diversity in the editorial and peer review process. 8
Artificial Intelligence–Based Classification of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy From Corneal Confocal Microscopy Images
Authors: Tooba Salahouddin, Ioannis N. Petropoulos, Maryam Ferdousi, Georgios Ponirakis, Omar Asghar, Uazman Alam, Saadat Kamran, Ziyad R. Mahfoud, Nathan Efron, Rayaz A. Malik, Uvais A. Qidwai
Journal: Diabetes Care (2021)

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is characterized by pain and sensory loss, affecting approximately 50% of patients (1). Early identification and risk factor management are key to limiting progression of DPN. In contrast to retinopathy (retinal fundus imaging) and nephropathy (microalbuminuria) with early disease detection, the 10-g monofilament identifies advanced DPN. Corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) is an ophthalmic imaging technique that identifies subclinical corneal nerve loss, which predicts incident DPN (2) and has good diagnostic utility for DPN (3). It also identifies corneal nerve regeneration prior to improvement in symptoms and nerve conduction studies after simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation (4). CCM studies have primarily used manual corneal nerve analysis (CCMetrics), which, although highly reliable, is time-consuming with limited scalability.

Here, we combine a deep learning (DL) algorithm for fully automated quantification of corneal nerves in CCM images along with an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to rapidly differentiate patients with (DPN+) and without (DPN−) neuropathy and healthy control subjects. Participants with type 1 diabetes ( n = 87) and control subjects ( n = 21) underwent detailed assessment of neuropathy (Table 1). Based on the Toronto criteria, which combine symptoms, signs, and abnormal nerve conduction, patients were subdivided into DPN+ (29%) and DPN− (71%) groups (Table 1). Participants underwent CCM, and 6–8 central corneal nerve images/subject were quantified using our established methodology (5 …
Genetic variants in the TLR‐related pathway and smoking exposure alter the upper airway microbiota in adult asthmatic patients
Authors: Purevsuren Losol, Sae‐Hoon Kim, Soyeon Ahn, Sejoon Lee, Jun‐Pyo Choi, Yong‐Hyun Kim, Soo‐Jong Hong, Bong‐Soo Kim, Yoon‐Seok Chang
Journal: Allergy (2021)

Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
What we know and still ignore on COVID‐19 immune pathogenesis and a proposal based on the experience of allergic disorders
Authors: Enrico Maggi, Bruno Giuseppe Azzarone, Giorgio Walter Canonica, Lorenzo Moretta
Journal: Allergy (2021)

Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic started in March 2020 and caused over 5 million confirmed deaths worldwide as far August 2021. We have been recently overwhelmed by a wide literature on how the immune system recognizes severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and contributes to COVID‐19 pathogenesis. Although originally considered a respiratory viral disease, COVID‐19 is now recognized as a far more complex, multi‐organ‐, immuno‐mediated‐, and mostly heterogeneous disorder. Though efficient innate and adaptive immunity may control infection, when the patient fails to mount an adequate immune response at the start, or in advanced disease, a high innate‐induced inflammation can lead to different clinical outcomes through heterogeneous compensatory mechanisms. The variability of viral load and persistence, the genetic alterations of virus‐driven receptors/signaling pathways and the plasticity of innate and adaptive responses may all account for the extreme heterogeneity of pathogenesis and clinical patterns. As recently applied to some inflammatory disorders as asthma, rhinosinusitis with polyposis, and atopic dermatitis, herein we suggest defining different endo‐types and the related phenotypes along COVID‐19. Patients should be stratified for evolving symptoms and tightly monitored for surrogate biomarkers of innate and adaptive immunity. This would allow to preventively identify each endo‐type (and its related phenotype) and to treat patients precisely with agents targeting pathogenic mechanisms.
Adaptive Proteome Diversification by Nonsynonymous A-to-I RNA Editing in Coleoid Cephalopods
Authors: Yoav Shoshan, Noa Liscovitch-Brauer, Joshua J C Rosenthal, Eli Eisenberg
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2021)

RNA editing by the ADAR enzymes converts selected adenosines into inosines, biological mimics for guanosines. By doing so, it alters protein-coding sequences, resulting in novel protein products that diversify the proteome beyond its genomic blueprint. Recoding is exceptionally abundant in the neural tissues of coleoid cephalopods (octopuses, squids, and cuttlefishes), with an over-representation of nonsynonymous edits suggesting positive selection. However, the extent to which proteome diversification by recoding provides an adaptive advantage is not known. It was recently suggested that the role of evolutionarily conserved edits is to compensate for harmful genomic substitutions, and that there is no added value in having an editable codon as compared with a restoration of the preferred genomic allele. Here, we show that this hypothesis fails to explain the evolutionary dynamics of recoding sites in coleoids. Instead, our results indicate that a large fraction of the shared, strongly recoded, sites in coleoids have been selected for proteome diversification, meaning that the fitness of an editable A is higher than an uneditable A or a genomically encoded G.
AB0519 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND OBESITY IN PATIENTS WITH ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS
Authors: R. Dhahri, S. Miri, M. Slouma, B. Louzir, L. Metoui, I. Gharsallah
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

Background: Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. Obesity and limited activity in patients with AS may contribute to this cardiovascular risk. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate physical Activity and obesity in patients with AS. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional observational study of 40 patients with AS, over a period of 3 months. We evaluated the level of physical activity using the IPAQ (International Physical Activity Questionnaire). We also measured body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, waist circumference, hip circumference and their ratio in all patients. Results: The mean age of our population was 44±10 years. A male predominance was noted with a sex ratio =11.1. The mean ASDAS-CRP and BASDAI levels were 2.1±0.95 and 2.25±1.33. The mean of IPAQ was 3900 MET minutes per week, with a median of 3069 and extremes of 339 and 11000. 45.5% of patients had moderate physical activity and 20% had low activity.The mean BMI was 26.5 + 4.7 kg/m 2 . Twenty percent of patients were obese. The mean body fat percentage was 25% with a median of 23.7% and extremes of 8-46%. Forty-five percent of the patients had a high fat mass. The mean waist circumference was 95±13 cm, hip circumference 104±9.5 cm. The mean waist to hip ratio was 0.9±0.07. Thirty-seven percent of patients had a high waist to hip ratio. BMI and body fat percentage were negatively correlated with HDL level; (r=-0.365,p=0.024)and(r=-0.393,p=0.015) respectively. Conclusion: The majority of our patients have moderate or low levels of physical activity. The increase in BMI and fat mass appear to be associated with disturbance of the lipid balance, with low HDL values. Disclosure of Interests: None declared.
OP0056 PLASMA MICROVESICLES AS LIQUID BIOPSIES OF THE ARTERIAL WALL IN LARGE VESSEL VASCULITIS
Authors: E. Tombetti, K. H. Chun, C. Iannone, E. M. Baldissera, J. Mason, A. Manfredi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

Background: Large-vessel vasculitides comprise Takayasu arteritis (TA)and giant cell arteritis (GCA). Arterial stenosis and dilatation directly affect prognosis but the mechanism(s) underlying remodeling of the vessel wall have not been identified. Microvesicles (MVs) are membrane-enclosed extracellular vesicles released upon cellular activation and stress and as a consequence of environmental inflammation. MVs maintain features and constituents of their parental cells. They have been proposed to serve as potential liquid biopsies in oncology. Objectives: To verify whether arterial wall derived-MVs are recognizable in the blood of TA patients and express bioactive molecules potentially involved in arterial injury, inflammation and remodeling. Methods: Platelet was obtained from 112 LVV pts (73 TA, 39 GCA), 42 age and age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) and 30 pts with severe carotid atherosclerosis requiring vascular surgery. Plasma flow cytometry was performed with anti-CD14, CD16, anti-CD144 (VE-cadherin, an endothelial marker), anti-CD140a/b (PDGF receptor A/B a vascular stromal marker), anti-HMGB1, anti-PTX3, mitotracker green (that identifies mithochondrial moieties) and mitosox (that revels mitochondrial reactive oxygen species). MVs were identified by physical parameters using Gigamix beads. Medium- to large-sized MVs were defined as MVs with &gt;240nm-eq diameter. Results: Preliminary results are available for 49 LVV (42 TA, 7 GCA), 8 severe carotidatherosclerosis and 14 age- and sex-matched HC. As compared to HC or CA, LVV plasma contains a higher number of MVs and in particular of medium- to large- sized MVs (p&lt;0.001 for all comparisons) (Figure, panels A-B). Next, we evaluated the MVs surface expression of markers of leukocytic, endothelial and stromal/vascular stromal lineages. Total counts of CD14+, CD16+, CD66b+, CD140a+, CD140b+, CD144+ MVs were increased in LVV plasma with very high level of significance (Figure, panels C-G) while higher percentage of CD16+ and CD140a+ medium-to large-sized MVs was found in atherosclerosis. Expression of molecules involved in inflammation or repair, PTX3 or HMGB1 mitochondrial antigens and mitochondrial ROS all were consistently higher in LVV (Figure, panels H-M). Conclusion: MVs, including those expressing arterial stromal biomarkers, are increased in LVV plasma, suggesting a communication between the vessel wall and peripheral blood. MV express signals that may in turn contribute to persisting vascular inflammation in large vessel vascultis Further analysis is required to dissect their potential use as disease biomarkers References: [1]van Niel G et al, Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2018 [2]Mason JC. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2010 Disclosure of Interests: None declared