tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association between environmental quality index and young onset colorectal cancer.
Authors: Suleyman Yasin Goksu, Jude Khatib, Sarah Reddy, Muhammet Ozer, Mary Claire Maxwell, Leticia Khosama, Radhika Kainthla, Nina Niu Sanford, Javier Salgado Pogacnik, Sitaram Chilakamarry, Emina Huang, Muhammad Shaalan Beg, Syed Mohammad Ali Kazmi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

75 Background: The factors associated with the rise of young-onset colorectal cancer (YOCRC) remain unclear. In addition to hereditary factors, environmental exposures are believed to be associated with YOCRC. Therefore, we aimed to study the association between the national level Environmental Quality Index (EQI) and YOCRC in the US. Methods: We used the SEER database to select the CRC patients diagnosed between 2010-2016. YOCRC was defined based on age at diagnosis &lt; 50 years. EQI (2005-2010) is a measure of county-level cumulative environmental exposures that includes 5 domains: sociodemographic, built, air, land, and water. A higher value represents a lower environmental quality. We distributed the total EQI and each EQI domain into five quintiles. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between YOCRC and quintiles (upper-most vs. lowest) of EQI after adjusting by race (White, Black, and Others), gender, and stage at diagnosis. The age-adjusted incidence rate was also calculated using the SEER*Stat, and correlation efficiency was estimated between EQI domains and incidence rate. Results: A total of 261,417 CRC patients were included; 11% were YOCRC. In the adjusted multivariable analysis, poor built EQI (OR 1.15 [1.11-1.20]) and water EQI (OR 1.08 [1.03-1.12]) were more likely to be associated with YOCRC. Poor built EQI was more strongly associated with Black YOCRC (OR 1.21 [1.09-1.35]) as compared to White YOCRC (OR 1.14 [1.09-1.19]). Poor sociodemographic EQI was more strongly associated with Others (OR 1.47 [1.25-1.72]) compared to Black YOCRC (OR 1.14 [1.03-1.25]). In addition, poor built EQI (OR 1.19 [1.12-1.27]) and water EQI (OR 1.12 [1.05-1.19]) were more strongly associated with the metastatic disease among YOCRC patients. However, the total poor EQI was not associated with YOCRC (OR 0.99 [0.95-1.03]). On incidence analysis, there was a positive correlation between the incidence rate of YOCRC and sociodemographic EQI (rho=0.49, p&lt;0.001), air EQI (rho=0.30, p&lt;0.001), and land EQI (rho=0.18, p&lt;0.001). Conclusions: This study evaluated a population-based ecological approach and showed that YOCRC was associated with lower environmental quality, including built and water domains. EQI domains were also associated with different racial groups among YOCRC. [Table: see text]
Abstract 17350: Comparison of Radiological Risk Between Transfemoral and Transradial Approach: An Updated Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sisir Siddamsetti, Udit Joshi, Srikanth Yandrapalli, Sreedevi Pallath Harshakumar, Aviral Vij, Vamsi Kodumuri
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Studies have shown that transradial approach (TR) is associated with increased radiation exposure compared to transfemoral (TF) approach. However, it is believed that the difference in radiation exposure may not be significant between the two approaches when performed by experienced operators, as TR approach has a challenging learning curve. Newer studies have shown conflicting results in radiation exposure between the two treatment strategies. Hence, we sought to perform a meta-analysis comparing the radiation exposure between TR and TF approach during coronary angiography (CA) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE and SCOPUS for eligible studies. 27 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in our analysis. Outcomes analyzed were Fluoroscopy time (FT) in minutes and dose-area product (DAP) in Gy/cm2. We used Inverse variance random effects model to calculate the mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). We performed a subgroup analysis of trials that compared the two approaches for CA and PCI separately. We also performed a subgroup analysis of trials that only included self-identified experienced operators. Results: FT was reported by 26 trials and was significantly higher with TR approach for both CA (MD=1.28, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.77, P &lt;0.00001) and PCI (MD=0.96, 95% CI 0.59 to 1.33, P&lt;0.00001). FT was still higher (MD=0.95, 95% CI 0.63 to 1.27, P&lt;0.00001) in subgroup analysis of trials that only included experienced operators. DAP was only reported in 10 trials and there was no significant difference between TR and TF approach for both CA (MD=1.44, 95% CI -0.52 to 3.41, P=0.15) and PCI (MD=0.54, 95% CI -4.45 to 5.53, P=0.83). There was also no significant difference in DAP (MD=0.81, 95% CI -3.68 to 5.29, P=0.79) between the two approaches in trials that only included experienced operators. Conclusions: TR approach is associated with higher radiation exposure than TF approach even with experienced operators. However, the clinical significance of this finding has to be evaluated in larger RCTs.
CHAIRMAN'S ADDRESS.
Authors: LUCIEN HOWE
Journal: JAMA (1896)

It is one of the duties of the chairman of each Section of thisAssociationto present an "Address" at the opening of the session in his department. Perhaps this custom would be more honored in the breach than the observance and in the present instance the time would be better employed by proceeding at once to the inviting list of papers which the Executive Committee has prepared. But when one has been complimented by election to the chairmanship of the Section which is generally conceded to be the most active of all the Sections in this Association, it ill becomes him to avail himself of any excuse and fail to acknowledge the honor thus conferred upon him. Indeed, he assumes a definite responsibility in accepting this position. For while it is manifestly impossible for him to present the barest outline of the year's advance even in this one small
LOW-MOLECULAR WEIGHT DEXTRAN AND ISCHEMIA
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
JAMA Reference Directories
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PROTEIN KINASE-C BETA ACTIVATION CONTRIBUTES TO IMPAIRED ENDOTHELIAL INSULIN SIGNALING IN HUMANS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Corey E. Tabit, Sherene M. Shenouda, Monika Holbrook, Alissa A. Frame, Matthew A. Kluge, Mai-Ann Duess, Brian H. Kim, Aaron D. Levit, Aaron Held, James L. Rosenzweig, Neil B. Ruderman, Joseph A. Vita, Naomi M. Hamburg
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor abciximab inhibits collateral artery formation (arteriogenesis) via Mac-1 blockade of monocytes Ivo R. Buschmann, Eva Katzer, Imo Dieter Hoefer, Niels van Royen, Jan Piek, Christoph Bode, Wolfgang Schaper. university clinic freiburg, freiburg, Germany, max planck institute, bad nauheim, Germany
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
CORRECTION
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Early B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Change in HFrEF Patients Treated With Sacubitril/Valsartan
Authors: Peder L. Myhre, Margaret F. Prescott, Sean P. Murphy, James C. Fang, Gary F. Mitchell, Jonathan H. Ward, Brian Claggett, Akshay S. Desai, Scott D. Solomon, James L. Januzzi
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2022)

This study assessed changes in B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) among patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) treated with sacubitril/valsartan (Sac/Val) according to standard prescribing information. Through inhibition of neprilysin, Sac/Val may increase BNP concentrations. In an individual patient analysis from the EVALUATE-HF (Study of Effects of Sacubitril/Valsartan vs. Enalapril on Aortic Stiffness in Patients With Mild to Moderate HF With Reduced Ejection Fraction) (n = 221) and the PROVE-HF (Effects of Sacubitril/Valsartan Therapy on Biomarkers, Myocardial Remodeling and Outcomes) (n = 146) studies, we examined changes in BNP, N-terminal pro-BNP (NT-proBNP), and urinary cyclic guanosine monophosphate (ucGMP) from baseline to week 4 and week 12. Median (IQRs) concentration of BNP at baseline, week 4, and week 12 were 145 [IQR: 55-329], 136 [IQR: 50-338], and 135 [IQR: 51-299] ng/L, respectively. There was no significant change from baseline to week 4 (0% [−30% to +41%]; P = 0.36) or week 12 (+1% [−36% to +50%]; P = 0.97). By week 12, one-half of the study participants had a BNP decline. There was no association between Sac/Val dose and BNP changes. Change in BNP was directly associated with change in NT-proBNP (rho: = 0.81; P < 0.001), which decreased by −30% (−50% to −8%) and −32% (−54% to −1%) to weeks 4 and 12 (P < 0.001 for both). In contrast, change in BNP was only weakly associated with change in ucGMP (rho: = 0.19; P < 0.001). Increases in ucGMP were observed regardless of whether BNP was decreased (+11% [−34% to +115%]), unchanged (+34% [−15% to +205%]), or increased (+57% [−12% to +14%]). In this pooled analysis of patients with HFrEF with standard indications for Sac/Val treatment, there was no significant overall increase in BNP concentrations, and patients demonstrated increase in ucGMP regardless of the trajectory of BNP change. (Study of Effects of Sacubitril/Valsartan vs. Enalapril on Aortic Stiffness in Patients With Mild to Moderate HF With Reduced Ejection Fraction [EVALUATE-HF]; NCT02874794) (Effects of Sacubitril/Valsartan Therapy on Biomarkers, Myocardial Remodeling and Outcomes [PROVE-HF]; NCT02887183).
Screening for breast cancer. A statement by the British Breast Group.
Journal: BMJ (1975)

British women are becoming increasingly aware of the high incidence and poor results of treatment of cancer of the breast and are expressing great interest in the possibility that early diagnosis by screening methods could improve the situation.We have examined the evidence that regular screening for breast cancer by clinical examination and mammography improves the prognosis and have considered the current position on breast screening in Britain.We believe it is timely to state our views, particularly in the light of the statement made by the Minister of State for Health.'(1) Published EvidenceThe main evidence that regular screening of the breasts of normal women by clinical and radiological examination results in a reduction in mortality from breast cancer comes from a single study started in New York in 1963 by Strax et al.2The study included 62 000 women aged 40-64 years, 31 000 of whom were selected at random and offered screening by clinical examination and mammography on four occasions at yearly intervals.The other 31 000 women received only their normal medical care and served as controls.The results indicate that in the screened population breast cancer was detected at an earlier stage and that deaths within seven years of enrolment were reduced by about a third.3This benefit was limited to women over the age of 50 years.We should like to have had more information on certain aspects of the study-for example, the histology of the lesions detected by
What's Written on the Body
Authors: Peter Pereira
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Kidney Transplantation Outcome Predictions (KTOP): A Risk Prediction Tool for Kidney Transplants from Brain-dead Deceased Donors Based on a Large European Cohort
Authors: Gregor Miller, Donna P Ankerst, Michael W Kattan, Norbert Hüser, Serge Vogelaar, Ineke Tieken, Uwe Heemann, Volker Assfalg
Journal: European Urology (2022)
INSUFFICIENTIA PYLORI.
Authors: MARK I. KNAPP
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Too long has the unfortunate opinion prevailed that a chronic dyspeptic is doomed to lifelong misery, if not, indeed, to suicide, which too often is the tragic finale to his existence. The recognition of insufficientia pylori as one of the causes of chronic dyspepsia is of paramount importance, as it leads to almost miraculously quick improvement. This is my opinion, based on over 50 consecutive and successful cases. One hour after Ewald's test breakfast (I shall use here test meal and test breakfast as synonyms) the healthy stomach should yield from 30 to 50 c.c. of chyme, the solid part of which should be well pulverized and the fluid part very thin. The chyme should readily filter. Not always, however, do we meet such conditions. There are pathologic variations on either side of the normal, both as to quality and quantity. <h3>NORMAL GASTRIC ACTION.</h3> Insufficientia pylori is the condition in which
Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Association of Lipoprotein(a) With Atherosclerotic Plaque Progression
Authors: Yannick Kaiser, Marwa Daghem, Evangelos Tzolos, Mohammed N. Meah, Mhairi K. Doris, Alistair J. Moss, Jacek Kwiecinski, Jeffrey Kroon, Nick S. Nurmohamed, Pim van der Harst, Philip D. Adamson, Michelle C. Williams, Damini Dey, David E. Newby, Erik S.G. Stroes, Kang H. Zheng, Marc R. Dweck
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)

Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is associated with increased risk of myocardial infarction, although the mechanism for this observation remains uncertain.This study aims to investigate whether Lp(a) is associated with adverse plaque progression.Lp(a) was measured in patients with advanced stable coronary artery disease undergoing coronary computed tomography angiography at baseline and 12 months to assess progression of total, calcific, noncalcific, and low-attenuation plaque (necrotic core) in particular. High Lp(a) was defined as Lp(a) ≥ 70 mg/dL. The relationship of Lp(a) with plaque progression was assessed using linear regression analysis, adjusting for body mass index, segment involvement score, and ASSIGN score (a Scottish cardiovascular risk score comprised of age, sex, smoking, blood pressure, total and high-density lipoprotein [HDL]-cholesterol, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and deprivation index).A total of 191 patients (65.9 ± 8.3 years of age; 152 [80%] male) were included in the analysis, with median Lp(a) values of 100 (range: 82 to 115) mg/dL and 10 (range: 5 to 24) mg/dL in the high and low Lp(a) groups, respectively. At baseline, there was no difference in coronary artery disease severity or plaque burden. Patients with high Lp(a) showed accelerated progression of low-attenuation plaque compared with low Lp(a) patients (26.2 ± 88.4 mm3 vs -0.7 ± 50.1 mm3; P = 0.020). Multivariable linear regression analysis confirmed the relation between Lp(a) and low-attenuation plaque volume progression (β = 10.5% increase for each 50 mg/dL Lp(a), 95% CI: 0.7%-20.3%). There was no difference in total, calcific, and noncalcific plaque volume progression.Among patients with advanced stable coronary artery disease, Lp(a) is associated with accelerated progression of coronary low-attenuation plaque (necrotic core). This may explain the association between Lp(a) and the high residual risk of myocardial infarction, providing support for Lp(a) as a treatment target in atherosclerosis.
Care for ageing populations globally
Authors: None The Lancet Healthy Longevity
Journal: The Lancet Healthy Longevity (2021)

We are experiencing a global demographic transition of rapid population ageing, stemming from declines in both fertility and mortality rates. However, what is not fully appreciated is that this will disproportionately affect low-income and middle-income countries. Multiple sources estimate that by 2050, 80% of older people, aged 60 years and older, will live in low-income and middle-income countries, and that the rate of increase in the older adult population will surpass that of high-income countries.
Overcoming resistance to EGFR monotherapy in HNSCC by identification and inhibition of individualized cancer processes
Authors: Maria R. Jubran, Daniela Vilenski, Efrat Flashner-Abramson, Efraim Shnaider, Swetha Vasudevan, Ariel M. Rubinstein, Amichay Meirovitz, Shay Sharon, David Polak, Nataly Kravchenko-Balasha
Journal: Theranostics (2022)

Therapeutic strategies for advanced head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSCC) consist of multimodal treatment, including Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) inhibition, immune-checkpoint inhibition, and radio (chemo) therapy.Although over 90% of HNSCC tumors overexpress EGFR, attempts to replace cytotoxic treatments with anti-EGFR agents have failed due to alternative signaling pathways and inter-tumor heterogeneity.Methods: Using protein expression data obtained from hundreds of HNSCC tissues and cell lines we compute individualized signaling signatures using an information-theoretic approach.The approach maps each HNSCC malignancy according to the protein-protein network reorganization in every tumor.We show that each patient-specific signaling signature (PaSSS) includes several distinct altered signaling subnetworks.Based on the resolved PaSSSs we design personalized drug combinations.Results: We show that simultaneous targeting of central hub proteins from each altered subnetwork is essential to selectively enhance the response of HNSCC tumors to anti-EGFR therapy and inhibit tumor growth.Furthermore, we demonstrate that the PaSSS-based drug combinations lead to induced expression of T cell markers and IFN-γ secretion, pointing to higher efficiency of the immune response. Conclusion:The PaSSS-based approach advances our understanding of how individualized therapies should be tailored to HNSCC tumors.