tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association Between Social Vulnerability and Rates of HIV Diagnoses Among Black Adults, by Selected Characteristics and Region of Residence — United States, 2018
Authors: André F. Dailey, Zanetta Gant, Xiaohong Hu, Shacara Johnson Lyons, Amanda Okello, Anna Satcher Johnson
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2022)

During 2018, Black or African American (Black) persons accounted for 43% of all new diagnoses of HIV infection in the United States (1).The annual diagnosis rate (39.2 per 100,000 persons) among Black persons was four times the rate among all other racial/ethnic groups combined, indicating a profound disparity in HIV diagnoses (1,2).Community-level social and structural factors, such as social vulnerability, might help explain the higher rate of HIV diagnoses among Black persons.Social vulnerability refers to the potential negative health effects on communities caused by external stresses (3).CDC used National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS)* and Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) † data to examine the association between diagnosed HIV infections and social vulnerability among Black adults aged ≥18 years.Black adults in communities in the highest quartile of SVI were 1.5 times (rate ratio [RR] = 1.5; 95% CI = 1.4-1.6)as likely to receive a diagnosis of HIV infection as were those in communities in the lowest quartile.Because of a history of racial discrimination and residential segregation, some Black persons in the United States reside in communities with the highest social vulnerability (4,5), and this finding is associated with experiencing increased risk for HIV infection.The development and prioritization of interventions that address social determinants of health (i.e., the conditions in which persons are born, grow, live, work, and age), are critical to address the higher risk for HIV infection among Black adults living in communities with high levels of social vulnerability.Such interventions might help prevent HIV transmission and reduce disparities among Black adults.Data on diagnoses of HIV infection among Black adults and reported to CDC through December 2019 were obtained from NHSS.Cases were geocoded to the U.S. Census Bureau tract level based on a person's residential address at the time of diagnosis.Census tract level social vulnerability data were obtained from the 2018 CDC SVI, which was developed to identify communities with the most potential needs (i.e., highest social vulnerability), before, during, and after public health events.Scores for overall SVI were generated using * NHSS is the primary source for monitoring HIV trends in the United States.Assisted by CDC, state and local health departments collect and report deidentified data regarding HIV infection cases to CDC.
Rethinking Opsins
Authors: Roberto Feuda, Anant K Menon, Martin C Göpfert
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2022)

Opsins, the protein moieties of animal visual photo-pigments, have emerged as moonlighting proteins with diverse, light-dependent and -independent physiological functions. This raises the need to revise some basic assumptions concerning opsin expression, structure, classification, and evolution.
<i>Syphilis in Ancient and Pre-Historic Times.</i> By Dr. F. Buret. Vol. I. Translated from the French by A. H. Ohmann-Dumesnil, M.D., Professor of Dermatology and Syphilology in the St. Louis College of Physicians and Surgeons, etc., etc. Physicians' and Students' Ready Reference Series. F. A. Davis, Philadelphia and London, 1891
Authors: R. B. D.
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1892)

tions of the French school, of which M. Charcot is admittedly the head.The recognition and acceptance of his views, especially as to hysteria in the male sex, is becoming the rule in the larger centres of population and medical science.It is a disorder best observed in great cities, and nowhere are the clinical opportunities mnore abundant or more improved than in Paris.Science owes thanks to M. Charcot for his labors, and those carried on under his direction and influence.
A case of avian influenza A(H5N1) in England, January 2022
Authors: Isabel Oliver, Jonathan Roberts, Colin S Brown, Alexander MP Byrne, Dominic Mellon, Rowena DE Hansen, Ashley C Banyard, Joe James, Matthew Donati, Robert Porter, Joanna Ellis, Jade Cogdale, Angie Lackenby, Meera Chand, Gavin Dabrera, Ian H Brown, Maria Zambon
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2022)

On 5 January 2022, high pathogenicity avian influenza A(H5N1) was confirmed in an individual who kept a large flock of ducks at their home in England. The individual remained asymptomatic. H5N1 was confirmed in 19/20 sampled live birds on 22 December 2021. Comprehensive contact tracing (n = 11) revealed no additional primary cases or secondary transmissions. Active surveillance of exposed individuals is essential for case identification. Asymptomatic swabbing helped refine public health risk assessment and facilitated case management given changes in avian influenza epidemiology.
Targeted Prostate Biopsy: Umbra, Penumbra, and Value of Perilesional Sampling
Authors: Wayne G. Brisbane, Alan M. Priester, Jorge Ballon, Lorna Kwan, Merdie K. Delfin, Ely R. Felker, Anthony E. Sisk, Jim C. Hu, Leonard S. Marks
Journal: European Urology (2022)
iNKT cells are enriched in inflammatory infiltrates of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis
Authors: Mohammad Asad, Esha Sehanobish, Tony Ng, Noemi Saavedra-Avila, Jeffrey Wilcox, Patrick Colley, Nadeem Akbar, Steven Porcelli, Elina Jerschow
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2022)
Fabricating Tissues In Situ with the Controlled Cellular Alignments (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 3/2022)
Authors: Chuanjiang He, Mengxue Liu, Deming Jiang, Jianguo Wu, Chunlian Qin, Tao Liang, Pan Wu, Chunmao Han, Liquan Huang, K. Jimmy Hsia, Ping Wang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2022)

Cellular Alignment In article number 2100934, K. Jimmy Hsia, Ping Wang, and co-workers report a method of fabricating engineered tissues in situ with the controlled cellular arrangements. By integrating the “stretch” and “adhere” steps into the fabricating process, a static mechanical environment can be created, which would regulate the subsequent cellular alignment, elongation, and differentiation in the generated physiologically relevant tissues.
Continuing Medical Education
Authors: Arthur Osteen
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>AMA Annual CME Conference</h3> The 11th annual American Medical Association continuing medical education (CME) conference for state medical association and specialty societies was held on Sept 30 and Oct 1, 1983. A major conference topic was the relationship between CME and the new federal initiative of prepayment of hospital services based on diagnostic-related groups. Other topics considered were the effective application of computer and communication technology to CME. <h3>Accreditation</h3> The Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), sponsored by seven national medical organizations (American Medical Association, American Hospital Association, Association of American Medical Colleges, Council on Medical Specialty Societies, American Board of Medical Specialties, Association for Hospital Medical Education, and the Federation of State Medical Boards) implemented its revised<i>Essentials</i>and Guidelines in the accreditation of national sponsors of CME on January 1,1984. The<i>Essentials</i>incorporate some of the fundamental concepts of adult continuing education and emphasize the necessity of
The Clinical Benefit Of Mepolizumab Treatment Is Independent Of Baseline Maintenance Oral Corticosteroid Use: Results From The Real-World REALITI-A Study
Authors: Mark Liu, Florence Schleich, Jason Lee, Girolamo Pelaia, Carlos Almonacid Sanchez, Liam Heaney, Rafael Alfonso-Cristancho, Rupert Jakes, Robert Price, Aoife Maxwell, Peter Howarth
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2022)
Medical schools in Canada
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Factual Error in: Literatim
Authors: Marco Filippone, Gea Bonetto, Emanuele Cherubin, Silvia Carraro, Eugenio Baraldi, Cherubin Bonetto, Baraldi Carraro, Carraro Cherubin, Baraldi Filippone, Maurizio Schiavon, Anna Chiara Frigo
Journal: JAMA (2009)

vs 245 mL/y; 95% CI, 202 to 288 mL/y; P = .01)and a significantly lower zFEV 1 at 15 years (-2.77;95% CI, -3.90 to -1.64; vs -0.52; 95% CI, -1.44 to 0.40; P = .003).Comment.Early lung injuries may influence lifetime respiratory health.In the general population, low Vmax FRC values shortly after birth are a primary risk factor for airflow obstruction in adulthood. 6While our findings should be considered preliminary because of the small sample size, severe early airflow obstruction at 2 years identified survivors of BPD at greater risk of disrupted lung growth during their childhood, suggesting a guarded long-term respiratory prognosis.Patients with better airflow at 2 years showed an improvement in lung function in later childhood, suggesting some degree of functional recovery.In addition, our findings suggest that preterm delivery without BPD may also affect long-term lung function, although to a lesser extent than in patients with BPD.
Letter to the Editor: CHEK2 I157T - Pluto Among Numerous Low-Risk Genetic Factors Requiring Discharge From a Range of Pathogenic Variants?
Authors: Maxim Ivanov, Margarita Sharova, Andrea Olsen, Alexandra Lebedeva, Ekaterina Ignatova, Gerald Mouse, Vladislav Mileyko
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2022)

"Letter to the Editor: CHEK2 I157T - Pluto Among Numerous Low-Risk Genetic Factors Requiring Discharge From a Range of Pathogenic Variants?" published on Feb 2022 by National Comprehensive Cancer Network.
Association of Lifestyle Factors and Antihypertensive Medication Use With Risk of All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Among Adults With Hypertension in China
Authors: Qi Lu, Yanbo Zhang, Tingting Geng, Kun Yang, Kunquan Guo, Xinwen Min, Meian He, Huan Guo, Xiaomin Zhang, Handong Yang, Tangchun Wu, An Pan, Gang Liu
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

<h3>Importance</h3> The joint association of antihypertensive medication use and healthy lifestyle with mortality among individuals with hypertension is unclear. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine the association of lifestyle factors combined with antihypertensive medication use, as well as changes in lifestyle, with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among individuals with hypertension. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This cohort study used data from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort, a long-term, prospective cohort including employees at a manufacturer in China, with baseline from 2008 to 2010. Participants with hypertension were followed up for a median (IQR) of 7.3 (5.7-10.3) years, ending in 2018. Data were analyzed from February to April 2021. <h3>Exposures</h3> Lifestyle factors, including body mass index, smoking status, diet, physical activity, and sleep duration, were coded on a 3-point scale (range, 0-2, with higher score indicating a healthier lifestyle). Lifestyle was evaluated according to the total score of all 5 factors, and categorized into 3 groups: unfavorable (scores 0-4), intermediate (scores 5-7), and favorable (scores 8-10). Antihypertensive medication use was defined as use within the last 2 weeks. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> All-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality were identified by linking the cohort database with the health care system through December 31, 2018. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 14 392 participants (mean [SD] age, 65.6 [7.4] years; 7277 [50.6%] men and 7115 [49.4%] women) with hypertension were included, and 2015 deaths were documented, including 761 cardiovascular deaths and 525 cancer deaths. Compared with individuals not using antihypertensive medication and with a lifestyle score of 0 to 4, the combination of using antihypertensive medication and having a lifestyle score of 8 to 10 was associated with the lowest risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.32; 95% CI, 0.25-0.42), cardiovascular mortality (HR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.21-0.53), and cancer mortality (HR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.19-0.47). In addition, improvement in lifestyle score after hypertension diagnosis was associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.36-0.76) and cardiovascular mortality (HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.30-0.94). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> These findings suggest that adherence to healthy lifestyle and antihypertensive medication treatment were associated with lower risk of mortality among adults with hypertension. These findings further support that, in addition to antihypertensive medication use, adopting a healthy lifestyle is associated with benefits in the prevention of premature death among individuals with hypertension.
Ultrapotent neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 with a high degree of mutation resistance
Authors: Jia Zou, Li Li, Peiyi Zheng, Wenhua Liang, Siyi Hu, Shuaixiang Zhou, Yanqun Wang, Jincun Zhao, Daopeng Yuan, Lu Liu, Dongdong Wu, Mengqiu Xu, Fangfang Zhang, Mengzhu Zhu, Zhihai Wu, Xiaochao Cao, Meng Ni, Xiaomin Ling, Yue Wu, Zhihui Kuang, Moyan Hu, Jianfeng Li, Xue Li, Xiling Guo, Tianmin Xu, Haiping Jiang, Changshou Gao, Michael Yu, Junjian Liu, Nanshan Zhong, Jianfeng Zhou, Jian-an Huang, Tengchuan Jin, Jianxing He
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2022)

Many SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) lose potency against variants of concern. In this study, we developed 2 strategies to produce mutation-resistant antibodies. First, a yeast library expressing mutant receptor binding domains (RBDs) of the spike protein was utilized to screen for potent nAbs that are least susceptible to viral escape. Among the candidate antibodies, P5-22 displayed ultrahigh potency for virus neutralization as well as an outstanding mutation resistance profile. Additionally, P14-44 and P15-16 were recognized as mutation-resistant antibodies with broad betacoronavirus neutralization properties. P15-16 has only 1 binding hotspot, which is K378 in the RBD of SARS-CoV-2. The crystal structure of the P5-22, P14-44, and RBD ternary complex clarified the unique mechanisms that underlie the excellent mutation resistance profiles of these antibodies. Secondly, polymeric IgG enhanced antibody avidity by eliminating P5-22's only hotspot, residue F486 in the RBD, thereby potently blocking cell entry by mutant viruses. Structural and functional analyses of antibodies screened using both potency assays and the yeast RBD library revealed rare, ultrapotent, mutation-resistant nAbs against SARS-CoV-2.
Table of Contents
Authors: Marilyn Farquhar, Dontscho Kerjaschki, Yashpal Kanwar, Robert Orlando, Sanna Lehtonen, Aaro Miettinen, Jai Radhakrishnan, Yosuke Hirakawa, Masaomi Nangaku, Anna Caroli, Andrea Remuzzi, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Christina Wyatt, Tilman Drueke, Yosuke Nakagawa, Hirotaka Komaba, Masafumi Fukagawa, Matthew Butler, Emma Ashton, Samira Bell, Nicholas Selby, Sean Bagshaw, Julian Stumpf, Christian Hugo, Rowena Lalji, Anna Francis, David Johnson, Mignon Mcculloch, Shinji Tanaka, Mark Okusa, Shengyuan Luo, Morgan Grams, Anique Ter Braake, Anna Smit, Caro Bos, Antonius Van Herwaarden, Wynand Alkema, Huib Van Essen, Nathalie Bravenboer, Marc Vervloet, Joost Hoenderop, Jeroen De Baaij, Bettina Hesse, Alexandros Rovas, Konrad Buscher, Kristina Kusche-Vihrog, Marcus Brand, Giovana Seno, Di Marco, Jan Kielstein, Hermann Pavenstädt, Wolfgang Linke, Jerzy-Roch Nofer, Philipp Kümpers, Alexander Lukasz, Lydia Madjene, Luca Danelli, Albert Dahdah, Shamila Vibhushan, Julie Bex-Coudrat, Emeline Pacreau, Celine Vaugier, Julien Claver, Loïc Rolas, Maguelonne Pons, Iris Madera-Salcedo, Walid Beghdadi, Alaa Ghoneimi, Marc Benhamou, Pierre Launay, Magnus Abrink, Gunnar Pejler, Ivan Moura, Nicolas Charles, Eric Daugas, Axel Perianin, Ulrich Blank, Wenguang Feng, Zhengrong Guan, Dongqi Xing, Xingsheng Li, Wei-Zhong Ying, Colton Remedies, Edward Inscho, Paul Sanders, Joshua Walker, Sean Richards, Mostafa Belghasem, Nkiruka Arinze, Sung Yoo, Joseph Tashjian, Stephen Whelan, Norman Lee, Vijaya Kolachalama, Jean Francis, Katya Ravid, David Sherr, Vipul Chitalia, Ana Luque, Inmaculada Serrano, Elia Ripoll, Catarina Malta, Montserrat Gomà, Anna Blom, Josep Grinyó, Santiago Rodríguez De Córdoba, Joan Torras, Josep Aran, Jesse Seegmiller, Natalie Ebert, Edmund Lamb, R Dalton, Paul Stevens, Maarten Taal, Ayaz Aghayev, Jessica Whitley, Paul Salem, Jamil Azzi, Matthew Menard, Andrew Siedlecki, Satoru Kudose, Harry Dounis, Vivette D'agati, Christian Maalouly, Benjamin Seront, Johann Morelle, Michel Jadoul, Laura Labriola, Claire Garandeau, Lucile Figueres, Karine Renaudin, Fadi Fakhouri
Journal: Kidney International (2020)
Examining the risk of breakthrough infection and <scp>COVID</scp> ‐19 vaccination safety in patients with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Haig Pakhchanian, Rahul Raiker, Melanie Wolf, Shannon C. Trotter
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2022)

Dear Editor, As of November 2021, the BNT162b2, mRNA‐1273 and Ad26.COV2.S COVID‐19 vaccines have been granted emergency‐use authorization in the USA by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).1–3 While these vaccines have shown safety and success in preventing COVID‐19 infection in healthy participants, many studies excluded immunocompromised people and those with chronic inflammation. Therefore, limited data exist among these populations. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is of particular interest as both its pathophysiology and treatment involve regulation of the immune system. It is unknown whether COVID‐19 vaccination is associated with increased side‐effects or breakthrough infection with COVID‐19 in patients with AD, and therefore our goal was to evaluate this using multicentre data. A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted using TriNetX (Cambridge, MA, USA), a federated real‐time database of around 75 million patient records across 55 healthcare organizations. International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision and Current Procedural Terminology codes were utilized to identify vaccinated adults with and without AD up to 1 August 2021. Each group then underwent 1 : 1 propensity score matching analysis to balance the cohorts by demographics and comorbidities. To determine safety, outcomes assessed after any vaccine dose included 1‐day immediate adverse event (IAEs), 30‐, 60‐ and 90‐day follow‐up for adverse events of special interest (AESIs) composite defined by the FDA, and all‐cause hospitalization. AESIs included new postvaccine diagnoses of disseminated intravascular coagulation, immune thrombocytopenia, transverse myelitis, narcolepsy, Guillain–Barré syndrome, facial nerve palsy, acute myocardial infarction, deep vein thrombosis/pulmonary embolism, pericarditis, myocarditis, haemorrhagic/nonhaemorrhagic stroke and appendicitis.
Effectiveness evaluation of digital contact tracing for COVID-19 in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Florian Vogt, Bridget Haire, Linda Selvey, Anthea L Katelaris, John Kaldor
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2022)

Digital proximity tracing apps were rolled out early in the COVID-19 pandemic in many countries to complement conventional contact tracing. Empirical evidence about their benefits for pandemic response remains scarce. We evaluated the effectiveness and usefulness of COVIDSafe, Australia's national smartphone-based proximity tracing app for COVID-19.In this prospective study, done in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, we included all individuals in the state who were older than 12 years with confirmed, locally acquired SARS-CoV-2 infection between May 4 and Nov 4, 2020. We used data from the NSW Notifiable Conditions Information Management System, the national COVIDSafe database, and information from case interviews, including information on app usage, the number of app-suggested contacts, and the number of app-suggested contacts determined by public health staff to be actual close contacts. We calculated the positive predictive value and sensitivity of COVIDSafe, its additional contact yield, and the number of averted public exposure events. Semi-structured interviews with public health staff were done to assess the app's perceived usefulness.There were 619 confirmed COVID-19 cases with more than 25 300 close contacts identified by conventional contact tracing during the study period. COVIDSafe was used by 137 (22%) cases and detected 205 contacts, 79 (39%) of whom met the close contact definition. Its positive predictive value was therefore 39%. 35 (15%) of the 236 close contacts who could have been expected to have been using the app during the study period were identified by the app, making its estimated sensitivity 15%. 79 (0·3%) of the estimated 25 300 contacts in NSW were app-suggested and met the close contact definition. The app detected 17 (<0·1%) additional close contacts who were not identified by conventional contact tracing. COVIDSafe generated a substantial additional perceived workload for public health staff and was not considered useful.The low uptake of the app among cases probably led to a reduced sensitivity estimate in our study, given that only contacts who were using the app could be detected. COVIDSafe was not sufficiently effective to make a meaningful contribution to the COVID-19 response in Australia's most populous state over a 6 month period. We provide an empirical evaluation of this digital contact tracing app that questions the potential benefits of digital contact tracing apps to the public health response to COVID-19. Effectiveness evaluations should be integrated into future implementations of proximity contact tracing systems to justify their investment.New South Wales Ministry of Health (Australia); National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia).