tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic Sentinel Node Navigation Surgery for Stomach Preservation in Patients With Early Gastric Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Young-Woo Kim, Jae-Seok Min, Hong Man Yoon, Ji Yeong An, Bang Wool Eom, Hoon Hur, Young Joon Lee, Gyu Seok Cho, Young-Kyu Park, Mi Ran Jung, Ji-Ho Park, Woo Jin Hyung, Sang-Ho Jeong, Myeong-Cherl Kook, Mira Han, Byung-Ho Nam, Keun Won Ryu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

To compare postoperative complications, long-term survival, and quality of life (QOL) after laparoscopic sentinel node navigation surgery (LSNNS) and laparoscopic standard gastrectomy (LSG).Five hundred eighty patients with preoperatively diagnosed stage IA gastric adenocarcinoma (≤ 3 cm) were assigned to undergo either LSG or LSNNS. Observers were not blinded to patient grouping. The primary outcome was 3-year disease-free survival (3y-DFS). Secondary outcomes included postoperative complications, QOL, 3-year disease-specific survival (3y-DSS), and 3-year overall survival (3y-OS).In total, 527 patients were included in the modified intention-to-treat analysis population for the primary outcome (LSG, 269; LSNNS, 258). Stomach-preserving surgery was performed in 210 patients (81%) in the LSNNS group. During the median follow-up duration, the 3y-DFS rates in the LSG and LSNNS groups were 95.5% and 91.8%, respectively (difference: 3.7%; 95% CI, -0.6 to 8.1). Three patients with recurrence and five with metachronous gastric cancer in the LSNNS group underwent standard surgery. Two patients with distant metastasis in both groups were treated with palliative chemotherapy. The 3y-DSS and 3y-OS rates in the LSG and LSNNS groups were 99.5% and 99.1% (P = .59) and 99.2% and 97.6% (P = .17), respectively. Postoperative complications occurred in 19.0% of the LSG group and 15.5% of the LSNNS group (P = .294). The LSNNS group showed better physical function (P = .015), less symptoms (P < .001), and improved nutrition than the LSG group.LSNNS did not show noninferiority to LSG for 3y-DFS, with a 5% margin. However, the 3y-DSS and 3y-OS were not different after rescue surgery in cases of recurrence/metachronous gastric cancer, and LSNNS had better long-term QOL and nutrition than LSG.
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Prostate Cancer Using the SENSEI® Drop-In Gamma Probe
Authors: Jose Maria Abascal Junquera, Antoni Mestre-Fusco, Maarten Ruben Grootendorst, Sergi Vidal-Sicart, Lluis Fumado
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

Minimally invasive surgery in the form of laparoscopic and robot-assisted procedures has been widely adopted in the field of prostate cancer. When performing minimally invasive radioguided surgery, conventional rigid laparoscopic gamma probes have limited maneuverability and control due to their form factor, which may hinder detection of radiotracer-avid lesions in anatomically challenging areas. A drop-in gamma probe has been developed to address these limitations. Our group report on the first clinical use of this probe (SENSEI®) as part of an ongoing prospective, international, multicenter clinical trial in primary prostate cancer patients undergoing 99mTc-nanocolloid sentinel lymph node biopsy.
68Ga-FAPI-04 Versus 18F-FDG PET/CT in a Case With Intimal Sarcoma of the Pulmonary Artery
Authors: Aisheng Dong, Zeyu Zhang, Qinqin Yang, Chao Cheng, Changjing Zuo
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2022)

Abstract Intimal sarcoma of the pulmonary artery is a rare entity, mimicking acute or chronic pulmonary thromboembolism. We describe 68 Ga-FAPI-04 and 18 F-FDG PET/CT findings in a case with intimal sarcoma of the pulmonary artery. The intrapulmonary artery tumor showed inhomogeneously increased FDG and FAPI uptake. Compared with FDG PET/CT, FAPI PET/CT more clearly delineated the tumor partially because of a very low background FAPI activity in the walls of the main pulmonary artery and right ventricle, which showed diffuse FDG uptake.
Kindlin-2 preserves integrity of the articular cartilage to protect against osteoarthritis
Authors: Xiaohao Wu, Yumei Lai, Sheng Chen, Chunlei Zhou, Chu Tao, Xuekun Fu, Jun Li, Wei Tong, Hongtao Tian, Zengwu Shao, Chuanju Liu, Di Chen, Xiaochun Bai, Huiling Cao, Guozhi Xiao
Journal: Nature Aging (2022)
Triple therapy with artemether–lumefantrine plus amodiaquine versus artemether–lumefantrine alone for artemisinin-resistant, uncomplicated falciparum malaria: an open-label, randomised, multicentre trial
Authors: Thomas J Peto, Rupam Tripura, James J Callery, Dysoley Lek, Ho Dang Trung Nghia, Chea Nguon, Nguyen Thi Huyen Thuong, Rob W van der Pluijm, Nguyen Thi Phuong Dung, Meas Sokha, Vo Van Luong, Le Thanh Long, Yok Sovann, Jureeporn Duanguppama, Naomi Waithira, Richard M Hoglund, Palang Chotsiri, Nguyen Hoang Chau, Andrea Ruecker, Chanaki Amaratunga, Mehul Dhorda, Olivo Miotto, Richard J Maude, Huy Rekol, Kesinee Chotivanich, Joel Tarning, Lorenz von Seidlein, Mallika Imwong, Mavuto Mukaka, Nicholas P J Day, Tran Tinh Hien, Nicholas J White, Arjen M Dondorp
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2022)
Abstract P173: Sex Differences In Risk Factors For Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among US Women And Men
Authors: Ling Tian, Amanda H Anderson, Kirsten Dorans, Marie A Krousel-wood, Joshua D Bundy
Journal: Circulation (2022)

Ling Tian, Amanda H. Anderson, Kirsten S. Dorans, Marie A. Krousel-wood, Joshua D. Bundy Introduction: Previous studies suggest cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors differ among women compared with men. Quantifying sex differences in the associations of risk factors for CVD mortality in US nationally representative data could aid researchers and clinicians in improving the efficiency of primordial prevention of CVD. Hypothesis: Associations of systolic blood pressure (SBP), total cholesterol, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI), current smoking, and predicted 10-year risk of atherosclerotic CVD with CVD mortality differ among women compared with men, and these sex differences are modified by age. Methods: Data from non-pregnant and non-breastfeeding participants aged ≥40 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2006, linked to the National Death Index through December 31, 2015, were analyzed. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for CVD mortality. Interaction terms were used to model associations by age (40-49, 50-59, and ≥60 years) and sex (women and men) subgroups. Results: 9,486 participants (mean age, 57.7; 51.9% women) were included in the current analysis. During an average 12.3-year follow-up, we observed 807 (8.5%) CVD deaths (328 in women; 479 in men). Associations of risk factors with CVD mortality were similar among women compared with men, although they were attenuated with increasing age (Figure). Conclusions: Among both US women and men, higher levels of SBP, smoking, and predicted 10-year ASCVD risk are strongly associated with higher risk of CVD mortality. Population-level interventions targeting these risk factors as early as possible in US men and women could reduce the burden of CVD.
An acid trip activates protumoral macrophages to promote hepatocellular carcinoma malignancy
Authors: Nicola Graham, Jeffrey W. Pollard
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2022)

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promote metastasis and tumor cell extravasation, survival, and growth. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the presence of TAM subpopulations correlates with poor outcome. In this issue of the JCI, Ning et al. report on their use of cell culture, mouse models, and human data sets to investigate the interactions between aerobic glycolysis and carbonic anhydrase XII (CA12) expression in HCC. Aerobic glycolysis promoted CA12 upregulation in TAMs, which induced a protumoral phenotype to promote tumor growth and metastasis. Tumor cell factors derived from HCC samples induced CA12 upregulation in tumor-infiltrating TAMs via the HIF1α pathway. In preclinical models of HCC, CA12 inhibition reduced tumor growth and lung metastasis and reduced TAM infiltrate. Notably, dual treatment with anti-PD1 and CA12 inhibitors synergistically attenuated tumor growth and metastasis and enhanced survival compared with either treatment alone. These findings suggest that targeting CA12 in combination with immune-checkpoint blockade may provide treatment options for HCC.
Preexisting memory CD4+ T cells contribute to the primary response in an HIV-1 vaccine trial
Authors: Suzanne L. Campion, Elena Brenna, Elaine Thomson, Will Fischer, Kristin Ladell, James E. McLaren, David A. Price, Nicole Frahm, Juliana M. McElrath, Kristen W. Cohen, Janine R. Maenza, Stephen R. Walsh, Lindsey R. Baden, Barton F. Haynes, Bette Korber, Persephone Borrow, Andrew J. McMichael
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2021)

Naive and memory CD4+ T cells reactive with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are detectable in unexposed, unimmunized individuals. The contribution of preexisting CD4+ T cells to a primary immune response was investigated in 20 HIV-1-seronegative volunteers vaccinated with an HIV-1 envelope (Env) plasmid DNA prime and recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) boost in the HVTN 106 vaccine trial (clinicaltrials.gov NCT02296541). Prevaccination naive or memory CD4+ T cell responses directed against peptide epitopes in Env were identified in 14 individuals. After priming with DNA, 40% (8/20) of the elicited responses matched epitopes detected in the corresponding preimmunization memory repertoires, and clonotypes were shared before and after vaccination in 2 representative volunteers. In contrast, there were no shared epitope specificities between the preimmunization memory compartment and responses detected after boosting with recombinant MVA expressing a heterologous Env. Preexisting memory CD4+ T cells therefore shape the early immune response to vaccination with a previously unencountered HIV-1 antigen.
Inflammation Resolution: Implications for Atherosclerosis
Authors: Amanda C. Doran
Journal: Circulation Research (2022)

Resolution is an active and highly coordinated process that occurs in response to inflammation to limit tissue damage and promote repair. When the resolution program fails, inflammation persists. It is now understood that failed resolution is a major underlying cause of many chronic inflammatory diseases. Here, we will review the major failures of resolution in atherosclerosis, including the imbalance of proinflammatory to pro-resolving mediator production, impaired clearance of dead cells, and functional changes in immune cells that favor ongoing inflammation. In addition, we will briefly discuss new concepts that are emerging as possible regulators of resolution and highlight the translational significance for the field.
127P Does radiomics have added value in predicting the development of brain metastases in patients with radically treated stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)?
Authors: L. Hendriks, S.A. Keek, A. Chatterjee, J. Belderbos, G. Bootsma, B. van den Borne, A-M.C. Dingemans, H. Gietema, H.J.M. Groen, G. Herder, C. Pitz, J. Praag, D. De Ruysscher, J. Schoenmaekers, H.J.M. Smit, J. Stigt, M. Westenend, H. Zeng, H. Woodruff, P. Lambin
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2022)
Brain FDG PET for Short- to Medium-Term Prediction of Further Cognitive Decline and Need for Assisted Living in Acutely Hospitalized Geriatric Patients With Newly Detected Clinically Uncertain Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Catharina Lange, Anja Mäurer, Per Suppa, Ivayla Apostolova, Ingo G. Steffen, Michel J. Grothe, Ralph Buchert
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2022)

The aim of this study was to evaluate brain FDG PET for short- to medium-term prediction of cognitive decline, need for assisted living, and survival in acutely hospitalized geriatric patients with newly detected clinically uncertain cognitive impairment (CUCI).The study included 96 patients (62 females, 81.4 ± 5.4 years) hospitalized due to (sub)acute admission indications with newly detected CUCI (German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00005041). FDG PET was categorized as "neurodegenerative" (DEG+) or "nonneurodegenerative" (DEG-) based on visual inspection by 2 independent readers. In addition, each individual PET was tested voxel-wise against healthy controls (P < 0.001 uncorrected). The resulting total hypometabolic volume (THV) served as reader-independent measure of the spatial extent of neuronal dysfunction/degeneration. FDG PET findings at baseline were tested for association with the change in living situation and change in vital status 12 to 24 months after PET. The association with the annual change of the CDR-SB (Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes) after PET was tested in a subsample of 72 patients.The mean time between PET and follow-up did not differ between DEG+ and DEG- patients (1.37 ± 0.27 vs 1.41 ± 0.27 years, P = 0.539). Annual change of CDR-SB was higher in DEG+ compared with DEG- patients (2.78 ± 2.44 vs 0.99 ± 1.81, P = 0.001), and it was positively correlated with THV (age-corrected Spearman ρ = 0.392, P = 0.001). DEG+ patients moved from at home to assisted living significantly earlier than DEG- patients (P = 0.050). Survival was not associated with DEG status or with THV.In acutely hospitalized geriatric patients with newly detected CUCI, the brain FDG PET can contribute to the prediction of further cognitive/functional decline and the need for assisted living within 1 to 2 years.
Three-Dimensional Visualization of the Podocyte Actin Network Using Integrated Membrane Extraction, Electron Microscopy, and Machine Learning
Authors: Chengqing Qu, Robyn Roth, Pongpratch Puapatanakul, Charles Loitman, Dina Hammad, Guy M. Genin, Jeffrey H. Miner, Hani Y. Suleiman
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2021)

Significance Statement Podocytes have interdigitated foot processes with intricate three-dimensional structures that are crucial for glomerular filtration. Electron microscopy shows podocytes’ complex morphology, but direct visualization of their cytoskeleton and definitive identification of the proteins that comprise the cytoskeletal structures have remained elusive. The authors describe a novel technique that reveals the three-dimensional organization of the podocyte cytoskeleton, finding that actin cables inside foot processes are connected directly to slit diaphragms, to form a continuous mesh-like sheet covering the glomerular basement membrane. Their findings also reveal these actin cables to be part of an extensive, contiguous actin network surrounding the major processes and the podocyte cell body. Applying this technique may help elucidate the mechanobiologic mechanisms regulating podocyte architecture and reveal the ultrastructural changes in the actin network on podocyte injury. Background Actin stress fibers are abundant in cultured cells, but little is known about them in vivo . In podocytes, much evidence suggests that mechanobiologic mechanisms underlie podocyte shape and adhesion in health and in injury, with structural changes to actin stress fibers potentially responsible for pathologic changes to cell morphology. However, this hypothesis is difficult to rigorously test in vivo due to challenges with visualization. A technology to image the actin cytoskeleton at high resolution is needed to better understand the role of structures such as actin stress fibers in podocytes. Methods We developed the first visualization technique capable of resolving the three-dimensional cytoskeletal network in mouse podocytes in detail, while definitively identifying the proteins that comprise this network. This technique integrates membrane extraction, focused ion-beam scanning electron microscopy, and machine learning image segmentation. Results Using isolated mouse glomeruli from healthy animals, we observed actin cables and intermediate filaments linking the interdigitated podocyte foot processes to newly described contractile actin structures, located at the periphery of the podocyte cell body. Actin cables within foot processes formed a continuous, mesh-like, electron-dense sheet that incorporated the slit diaphragms. Conclusions Our new technique revealed, for the first time, the detailed three-dimensional organization of actin networks in healthy podocytes. In addition to being consistent with the gel compression hypothesis, which posits that foot processes connected by slit diaphragms act together to counterbalance the hydrodynamic forces across the glomerular filtration barrier, our data provide insight into how podocytes respond to mechanical cues from their surrounding environment.
Abstract P137: Maternal Or Parental Outcomes During Delivery Related Hospitalizations Among Pregnant Individuals With Obesity In The United States
Authors: Muni Rubens, Venkataraghavan Ramamoorthy, Anshul Saxena, Zhenwei Zhang, Md Ashfaq Ahmed, Emir Veledar, Mahdi O Garelnabi, Agueda Hernandez
Journal: Circulation (2022)

Background: The prevalence of obesity among people of reproductive age has steadily increased. The rates of both maternal/parental and fetal adverse outcomes increased significantly with higher BMI. In this study, we examined the national estimates of adverse maternal/parental and fetal outcomes among pregnant individuals with pre-pregnancy obesity using a nationally representative database. Methods: This was a retrospective observational analysis of data retrieved from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database (2010-2014). The primary outcomes of this study were various adverse maternal/parental and fetal outcomes. Delivery related hospitalizations and all outcomes were identified using the ICD-9 codes. Additionally, propensity-score matching analysis was conducted. Results: There were a total of 18,687,217 delivery-related hospitalizations, of which 1,048,323 were among people with obesity. The mean age of pregnant persons with obesity was 28.5 years while among those without obesity was 28.0 years. Between both groups, most pregnant persons were White, followed by Hispanic and Black. Pregnant persons with obesity were more likely to have labor inductions (AOR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.42, 1.60), cesarean deliveries (1.70; 1.62, 1.79), and greater length of stay after both cesarean deliveries (1.14; 1.08, 1.36) and vaginal deliveries (1.48; 1.23, 1.77). They were also more likely to have risk factors for adverse obstetrical outcomes such as gestational hypertension (2.17; 2.06, 2.29), preeclampsia (2.06; 1.42, 2.99), gestational diabetes (2.75; 2.60, 2.90), premature rupture of membranes (1.17; 1.08, 1.27), chorioamnionitis (1.39; 1.25, 1.55), and venous thromboembolism (1.63; 1.34, 1.99). Additionally, pregnant persons with obesity were more likely to have adverse fetal outcomes such as excessive fetal growth (3.18; 2.96, 3.43) and fetal distress (1.28; 1.21, 1.35). Conclusion: Pregnant persons with obesity had significantly greater risk for adverse obstetrical outcomes. Risk stratification of pregnant individuals based on obesity can inform obstetrical providers’ clinical decision-making and potentially improve patient outcomes and decrease costs. There is an opportunity to address these risks with pre-conception interventions. Future studies could examine the effect of pre-conception interventions such as counseling on pre-pregnancy weight management, lifestyle modifications addressing nutrition and activity, and pre-pregnancy bariatric surgery.
Curative Strategy (GEM-CESAR) for High-Risk Smoldering Myeloma (SMM): Carfilzomib, Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone (KRd) As Induction Followed By HDT-ASCT, Consolidation with Krd and Maintenance with Rd
Authors: Maria-Victoria Mateos, Joaquin Martinez Lopez, Paula Rodríguez-Otero, Veronica Gonzalez-Calle, Marta Sonia Gonzalez, Albert Oriol, Norma C. Gutierrez, Rafael Rios, Laura Rosinol, Miguel Angel Alvarez, Joan Bargay, Ana Pilar Gonzalez, Adrian Alegre, Fernando Escalante, Belén Iñigo, Javier de la Rubia, Ana Isabel Teruel, Felipe De Arriba, Luis Palomera, Miguel-Teodoro Hernández, Javier Lopez Jimenez, Aránzazu García Mateo, Marta Reinoso Segura, Enrique Ocio, Bruno Paiva, Noemi Puig, María Teresa Cedena, Joan Bladé, Juan Jose Lahuerta, Jesús F. San-Miguel
Journal: Blood (2021)
Abstract MP69: Adolescent Experiences Of Racism: Associations With Cardiovascular Disease Risk-related Behaviors In A Diverse Population-based Sample
Authors: Hannah Cory, Susan Mason, Jaime Slaughter-Acey, Dianne Neumark-Sztainer
Journal: Circulation (2022)

Introduction: Racism is increasingly accepted as a driver of health inequities, but little is known about how racism impacts cardiovascular health in young people. This paper tests the hypothesis that direct experiences of interpersonal racism in adolescence are associated with traditional and emerging cardiovascular disease risk-related behaviors using cross-sectional observational data. Methods: In Project EAT 2010, 1,396 young people (mean age = 14.4 years) reported how often they were teased or harassed about their race, a form of direct interpersonal racism. Participants also reported cardiovascular disease risk-related behaviors: traditional [smoking; not meeting moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) recommendations] and emerging [unhealthy weight control behaviors; binge eating]. Multivariable logistic models assessed associations of direct interpersonal racism with cardiovascular disease risk-related behaviors, controlling for known confounders. Results: About 20% (268 of 1396) of young people reported experiencing interpersonal racism directly at least a few times a year. About one in ten participants reported binge eating or smoking in the past year and about half reported engaging in at least one unhealthy weight control behavior in the past year or not meeting MVPA recommendations. In adolescence, sometimes or frequently experiencing interpersonal racism directly was associated with greater odds of reporting smoking, binge eating and unhealthy weight control behaviors (see Table 1), relative to never or rarely experiencing interpersonal racism directly. There did not appear to be a further increase between “sometimes” to “frequently” experiencing interpersonal racism directly and odds of engaging in cardiovascular disease risk-related behaviors. Conclusions: These findings support a link between experiences of racism in adolescence and cardiovascular disease risk and further emphasize the need for structural interventions to achieve cardiovascular health equity.
Phase 1b Study of Carfilzomib in Combination with Induction Chemotherapy in Children with Relapsed or Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
Authors: Michael J. Burke, David S. Ziegler, Francisco Bautista, Andishe Attarbaschi, Lia Gore, Franco Locatelli, Maureen M. O'Brien, Melinda Pauly, Mihaela Obreja, Christopher L. Morris, Andre Baruchel
Journal: Blood (2021)