tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SAT0211 Interobserver agreement of ultrasound examination in assessment of the small joints of the hands and feet in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: M Szkudlarek, M Court-Payen, S Jacobsen, H Thomsen, M Ostergaard
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> Ultrasound examination (US) of the small joints of the hands and feet in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has the potential to become a rheumatological bedside procedure to assess early joint pathology. There is a growing number of studies and possible practical applications of US in this field. However, US has not been sufficiently validated with respect to common and early joint manifestations of RA. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the interobserver agreement of ultrasound examination in assessment of finger and toe joints in rheumatoid arthritis. <h3>Methods</h3> B-mode and power Doppler US was performed on 150 small joints of 30 patients with active RA (ACR 1987 criteria). Nineteen patients had a disease duration of 2 years or more and eleven patients had a disease duration of less than 2 years. Sixty-one of the joints were clinically active (tender and/or swollen), as evaluated by an experienced rheumatologist. US was performed with a LOGIQ GE 500 unit by means of a 7–13 MHz linear array transducer. In each patient, five preselected small joints were examined: 2nd and 3rd metacarpophalangeal joints, 2nd proximal interphalangeal joint, 1st and 2nd metatarsophalangeal joints. The number and location of bone erosions, synovial thickening, joint effusion and power Doppler signal in these joints were evaluated and classified on four-grade semi-quantitative scales. Both US examinations were performed independently on the same day by two observers – a radiologist with expertise in musculoskeletal US and a rheumatologist trained in US evaluation of small joints of the extremities. The observers reached consensus as to the evaluation scale prior to the beginning of the study. <h3>Results</h3> In the examined joints, exact agreement between the two observers was seen in 84% of the examinations with regard to bone erosions, in 78% as to synovitis, in 84% as to joint effusions and in 82% as to power Doppler signal assessments. A difference of more than one grade on the evaluation was found in 6, 11, 1 and 3%, respectively. Corresponding unweighted kappa values were 0.69, 0.63, 0.63 and 0.51. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The present study showed a good degree of interobserver agreement for the examined parameters. Our results suggest that ultrasound examination is a reproducible method for assessment of RA joint pathology of the finger and toe joints.
“‘There’s No Harm in Talking’…True…But It Depends on <i>How We Talk</i> and What We Then Do”
Authors: Patrick T. Smith
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2020)

This article is referred to by:The Social Context of Religion in the Jurisdictions of BioethicsResponse to Open Peer Commentaries for "There's No Harm in Talking: Reestablishing the Relationship Between Theological and Secular Bioethics"
Abstract 14991: Mitochondrial Transplantation by Intraarterial Injection Ameliorates Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Ilias P Doulamis, Alvise Guariento, Thomas Duignan, TAKASHI KIDO, Arzoo Orfany, Mossab Y Saeed, Viktoria H Weixler, David Blitzer, Borami Shin, Erin R Snay, James A Inkster, Alan B Packard, David Zurakowski, Thomas Rousselle, Amandeep Bajwa, Samir M Parikh, Isaac E Stillman, Pedro J Del Nido, James D McCully
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical disorder and one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality during the postoperative period. In this study, we investigated the safety and efficacy of autologous mitochondrial transplantation by intra-arterial injection for renal protection in a swine model of bilateral renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Methods: Female Yorkshire pigs (n=12) underwent percutaneous bilateral temporary occlusion of the renal arteries with balloon-catheters. Following 60 minutes of ischemia, the balloon catheters were deflated and animals received either autologous mitochondria suspended in vehicle (n=6) or vehicle alone (n=6), delivered as a single bolus to the renal arteries. Results: Injected mitochondria were rapidly taken up by the kidney and were distributed throughout the tubular epithelium of the cortex and the medulla. Evaluation of plasma electrolytes, acid-base status, complete blood count and biochemical analysis did not reveal evidence of any adverse effects associated with mitochondrial transplantation. After 24 hours of reperfusion, eGFR and urine output were significantly increased (p&lt;0.01) while plasma creatinine and BUN were significantly decreased (p&lt;0.01) in pigs receiving mitochondria compared to vehicle (Figure 1). Gross anatomy, histopathological analysis, acute tubular necrosis scoring and transmission electron microscopy showed that the renal cortex of vehicle group had extensive coagulative necrosis of primarily proximal tubules, while mitochondrial transplanted kidneys showed only patchy mild acute tubular injury. Renal cortex IL-6 expression had a 3.5-fold significant increase (p&lt;0.05) in vehicle kidneys compared to kidneys receiving mitochondrial transplantation. Conclusions: Mitochondrial transplantation by intra-arterial injection provides renal protection from IRI, significantly enhancing renal function and ameliorating AKI.
Machine-Learning and Chemicogenomics Approach Defines and Predicts Cross-Talk of Hippo and MAPK Pathways
Authors: Trang H. Pham, Thijs J. Hagenbeek, Ho-June Lee, Jason Li, Christopher M. Rose, Eva Lin, Mamie Yu, Scott E. Martin, Robert Piskol, Jennifer A. Lacap, Deepak Sampath, Victoria C. Pham, Zora Modrusan, Jennie R. Lill, Christiaan Klijn, Shiva Malek, Matthew T. Chang, Anwesha Dey
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2020)

Abstract Hippo pathway dysregulation occurs in multiple cancers through genetic and nongenetic alterations, resulting in translocation of YAP to the nucleus and activation of the TEAD family of transcription factors. Unlike other oncogenic pathways such as RAS, defining tumors that are Hippo pathway–dependent is far more complex due to the lack of hotspot genetic alterations. Here, we developed a machine-learning framework to identify a robust, cancer type–agnostic gene expression signature to quantitate Hippo pathway activity and cross-talk as well as predict YAP/TEAD dependency across cancers. Further, through chemical genetic interaction screens and multiomics analyses, we discover a direct interaction between MAPK signaling and TEAD stability such that knockdown of YAP combined with MEK inhibition results in robust inhibition of tumor cell growth in Hippo dysregulated tumors. This multifaceted approach underscores how computational models combined with experimental studies can inform precision medicine approaches including predictive diagnostics and combination strategies. Significance: An integrated chemicogenomics strategy was developed to identify a lineage-independent signature for the Hippo pathway in cancers. Evaluating transcriptional profiles using a machine-learning method led to identification of a relationship between YAP/TAZ dependency and MAPK pathway activity. The results help to nominate potential combination therapies with Hippo pathway inhibition. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 521
Correspondence on ‘Increased risk of systemic lupus erythematosus in patients with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia: a nationwide population-based cohort study’
Authors: George N Goulielmos, Maria I Zervou
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

We read with great interest a letter by Mo et al 1 pointing out that patients with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA) had a significantly higher risk of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) than non-AIHA individuals. Considering that AIHA is clearly over-represented in patients with SLE, often occurring before the diagnosis of SLE, the authors nicely investigated the association between AIHA and SLE incidence in a nationwide, population-based, matched cohort study and demonstrated a high association (HR=54.7) between AIHA and SLE risk.1 SLE is a chronic, highly heterogeneous autoimmune disease, characterised by differences in autoantibody profile, serum cytokines and a multisystem involvement.2 AIHA is a highly heterogeneous pathological condition caused by the increased destruction of …
Walled of necrosis, disconnected pancreatic duct and metal stents: the debate continues!
Authors: Surinder Singh Rana, Rajesh Gupta
Journal: Gut (2020)

We read with interest the study by Basha et al on the impact of disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome (DPDS) on recurrence of pancreatic fluid collections (PFC) after removal of metal stents.1 We congratulate authors for conducting large sample retrospective study that has attempted to answer the clinical dilemma of whether or not to exchange metal stent with permanent indwelling plastic stents. Even after resolution of PFC, uncorrected physiological abnormality of disconnected pancreas being unable to drain pancreatic juice into gastrointestinal lumen persists.2 Therefore, these patients can have multitude of clinical problems including recurrent PFC, refractory external pancreatic fistulae and chronic abdominal pain/recurrent pancreatitis.2 These clinical problems can be obviated by maintaining iatrogenic internal fistula by leaving transmural plastic stent in situ permanently.3 4 

Even patients with PFC and DPDS treated with large calibre metal …
Abstract 13776: The Impact of Race on In-hospital Quality of Care Among Young Adults With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Diana Benea, Valeria Raparelli, hassan behlouli, Louise Pilote, Rachel Dryer
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: The extent to which race influences in-hospital quality of care among young adults with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is unknown. We examined racial differences in in-hospital quality of AMI care in young adults and described the patient and/or clinical characteristics associated with potential disparities in care. Methods: Data from the GENESIS-PRAXY (Canada) and the VIRGO (U.S.) prospective cohorts of young adults with AMI were analyzed. Among a total of 4,048 adults with AMI (≤55 years) (median=49 years [IQR 44-52], 22% non-white, 58% women), we calculated an in-hospital quality of care score (QCS) for AMI (quality indicators divided by total, with higher scores indicating better care) based on AHA quality of care standards, reporting data disaggregated by race. We categorized race as white versus non-white, which included Black, Asian and North American Indigenous populations. Results: This cohort was comprised of 906 non-white individuals and 3142 white individuals. Non-white adults exhibited a clustering of adverse cardiac risk factors, psychosocial risk factors and comorbidities versus whites; they had higher rates of hypertension, diabetes, alcohol abuse and prior AMI and lower rates of physical activity. They were more likely to have a low SES and receive low social support, and were less likely to be employed, a primary earner, or married/living with a partner. Non-white individuals were also more likely to experience a NSTEMI and less likely to receive cardiac rehabilitation, smoking cessation counseling as well as dual antiplatelet therapy at discharge. Furthermore, non-white individuals had a lower crude QCS than whites (QCS=69.99 vs 73.29, P-value&lt;0.0001). In the multivariable model adjusted for clinical and psychosocial factors, non-white race (LS Mean Difference=-1.49 95%CI -2.87, -0.11, P-value=0.0344) was independently associated with a lower in-hospital QCS. Conclusion: Non-white individuals with AMI exhibited higher rates of adverse psychosocial and clinical characteristics than white individuals yet non-white race was independently associated with lower in-hospital quality of care. Interventions are needed to improve quality of AMI care in non-white young adults.
<i>miR-29</i>modulates CD40 signaling in chronic lymphocytic leukemia by targeting TRAF4: an axis affected by BCR inhibitors
Authors: Sonali Sharma, Gabriela Mladonicka Pavlasova, Vaclav Seda, Katerina Amruz Cerna, Eva Vojackova, Daniel Filip, Laura Ondrisova, Veronika Sandova, Lenka Kostalova, Pedro F. Zeni, Marek Borsky, Jan Oppelt, Kvetoslava Liskova, Leos Kren, Andrea Janikova, Sarka Pospisilova, Stacey M. Fernandes, Medhat Shehata, Laura Z. Rassenti, Ulrich Jaeger, Michael Doubek, Matthew S. Davids, Jennifer R. Brown, Jiri Mayer, Thomas J. Kipps, Marek Mraz
Journal: Blood (2021)
Abstract 14367: Abnormal Pulmonary Flow is Associated With Impaired Right Ventricular Coupling in Patients With COPD
Authors: Ani Oganesyan, Alex J Barker, Benjamin S Frank, Dunbar D IVY, Lorna Browne, Kendall S Hunter, Fenster E Brett, Michal Schafer
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Cor Pulmonale or right ventricular (RV) dysfunction due to pulmonary disease is an expected complication of COPD resulting from increased afterload mediated by hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction as well as the destruction of the pulmonary vascular bed. Early detection of elevated RV afterload has been previously demonstrated by visualization of abnormal flow patterns in the proximal pulmonary arteries. Prior quantitative analysis of helicity in the pulmonary arteries of pulmonary hypertension patients has demonstrated a strong association between helicity and increased RV afterload. Hypothesis: Patients with COPD will have abnormal pulmonary flow as evaluated by 4D-Flow MRI and associated with RV function and pulmonary arterial stiffness. Methods: Patients with COPD (n=15) (65yrs ± 6) and controls (n=10) (58yrs ± 9) underwent 4D-Flow MRI to calculate helicity (Figure 1A). The helicity was calculated in 2 segments: 1) the main pulmonary artery (MPA) and 2) along the RV outflow tract (RVOT) - MPA axis. Main pulmonary arterial stiffness was measured using the relative area change (RAC). Results: COPD patients had decreased helicity relative to healthy controls in the MPA (19.4±7.8 vs 32.8±15.9 s -2 , P=0.007) (Figure 1B). Additionally, COPD patients had reduced helicity along the RVOT-MPA axis (33.2±9.0 vs 43.5±8.3 s -2 , P=0.010). The helicity measured in the MPA was associated with RV end-systolic volume (R=0.59, P = 0.002), RVEF (R=0.631, P&lt;0.001), RAC (R=-0.61, P=0.001). e combined helicity along the MPA-RVOT axis was associated with RVEF (R=0.74, P&lt;0.001), RVESV (R=-0.57, P=0.004), and RAC (R=0.42, P=0.005). Conclusion: Patients with COPD show quantitatively abnormal flow hemodynamics, when compared with healthy controls, as assessed by 4D-Flow MRI. A strong association between helicity along the MPA-RV outflow tract axis and RV function suggests that 4D-Flow MRI might be a sensitive tool in evaluating RV - pulmonary arterial coupling in COPD.
Abstract 14864: Parental Obesity Leads to Mild Diastolic Dysfunction and Impaired Exercise Tolerance, but Not Hypertension, in Female Offspring
Authors: Alexandre A da Silva, Fabio Gava, Ana C Omoto, Sydney P Moak, Xuemei Dai, John E Hall, Jussara M do Carmo
Journal: Circulation (2020)

We found that parental obesity leads to high blood pressure (BP) and diastolic dysfunction in male offspring. Here, we examined the impact of parental obesity on BP regulation, systolic and diastolic function, and exercise tolerance in female offspring. The following groups were studied: 1) offspring fed normal diet (N) born from N lean parents (N-F1-N, n=5); 2) offspring fed high fat diet (H) born from N parents (N-F1-H, n=6); 3) offspring fed N born from H obese parents (H-F1-N, n=7); and 4) offspring fed H born from H obese parents (H-F1-H, n=7). Parents were fed H or N from weaning until the end of lactation, while offspring were placed on N or H diet from weaning until 22 weeks of age. Body weight, fat and lean mass were measured weekly (EchoMRI4-in-1 System). Cardiac function including ejection fraction (EF), isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT), early (E’) and late (A’) mitral annular diastolic velocities were measured by echocardiography (VisualSonics VEVO-3100) using left ventricle long and short axes, pulse wave and tissue Doppler. BP, measured by telemetry, was similar among all groups. Compared to lean N-F1-N control mice, H-F1-N mice had similar body weight (23.7±0.1 vs. 25.2±1.8 g), fat mass (3.4±0.1 vs. 4.4±1.6 g) and lean mass (22.9±0.4 vs. 24.6±0.3 g). Both offspring groups fed H after weaning were heavier than offspring fed normal diet, however, H-F1-H mice were significantly heavier than N-F1-H mice (41.2±1.6 vs. 37.4±1.0 g) due to greater fat mass (16.2±1.1 vs. 13.2±1.0 g) and lean mass (25.1±1.7 vs. 22.9 vs. 0.3 g). Despite no major differences in EF among all 4 groups, mice born from obese H parents exhibited signs of diastolic dysfunction, irrespective of their own diet, as indicated by reduced E’/A’ ratio (0.8±0.1 and 1.2±0.2 vs. 1.6±0.1 and 1.5±0.2, for H-F1-H and H-F1-N vs. N-F1-N and H-F1-H, respectively), reduced exercise capacity (4.2±0.7 and 4.7±0.5 vs. 5.9±0.7 and 7.4±0.3 m.kg), and increased IVRT in obese H-F1-H compared to obese N-F1-H (28.4±2.3 vs. 22.2±0.8 ms). These results indicate that despite no alterations in BP diet-induced parental obesity is associated with signs of diastolic dysfunction and impaired fitness in female offspring, which is exacerbated by continuing to feed the offspring with H diet.
Abstract 134: Survival After Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest: The Role of Urban-rural Residence and Demographic Factors
Authors: Ethan E Abbott, David G Buckler, Alexis M Zebrowski, Benjamin S Abella, Brendan G Carr
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Survival to discharge after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) exhibits significant regional variability across communities in the US with differences in outcomes following arrest between rural, suburban, and urban communities. We examined the relationship between urban-rural residential county classification and survival following OHCA to determine if racial composition of a county and community health indicators contribute to improved outcomes following OHCA. Methods: Utilizing age-eligible Medicare fee-for-service claims data from January 2013 - December 2014, we identified OHCA patients by ICD-9-CM diagnosis code 427.5 and determined survival to discharge and at 30 days. Additional data sources included the 2013 National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) urban-rural classification, US Census data, and County Health Rankings. Mixed effect logistic regression was used to determine the association of OHCA outcomes and NCHS classified residence, when accounting for individual age, sex, and race, county-level racial composition, poverty status, and community health measures. Results: 256,107 cases of OHCA were identified with a mean age of age of 78.7 (SD 8.5) years, 22.8% nonwhite, 47.5% female. Overall survival to discharge was 21.8% and survival at 30 days was 15.1%. Patients living in the most rural counties had increased likelihood of initial survival (aOR1.1, CI 1.0-1.1), but were associated with lower survival at 30 days (aOR 0.9, CI 0.8-0.9). Nonwhite patient race and residing in a majority nonwhite county were associated with significant decreases in the likelihood of survival to discharge and at 30 days (7% and 11%, respectively). Conclusions: Among Medicare beneficiaries, survival to discharge after OHCA was higher if residing in a non-urban community but did not persist at 30 days. OHCA patients residing in majority non-white counties were significantly less likely to survive the initial hospitalization and to 30-days post discharge. More study is needed to elucidate these disparities and determine if modifiable county level health factors exist that could contribute to improvements in OHCA survival.
Abstract 14007: FOXO1 Increases CardiоMyocyte KLF5 Expression, Which Induces Oxidative Stress, Lipotoxicity and Cardiomyopathy in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Ioannis D Kyriazis, Matthew Hoffman, Lea Gaignebet, Thomas D Bannister, Melpo Christofidou-Solomidou, Ira J Goldberg, Vincent W Yang, Agnieszka B Bialkowska, Georgios Kararigas, Konstantinos Drosatos
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Cardiomyopathy is a major complication in type-1 diabetes (T1D), accompanied by altered cardiac energetics, oxidative stress and increased lipid content. Previous studies have shown that T1D is ass...
Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of subcutaneous anifrolumab in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, active skin disease, and high type I interferon gene signature: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 study
Authors: Ian N Bruce, Alireza Nami, Erik Schwetje, M Edward Pierson, Tomas Rouse, Yen Lin Chia, Denison Kuruvilla, Gabriel Abreu, Raj Tummala, Catharina Lindholm
Journal: The Lancet Rheumatology (2020)
The effect of acetazolamide on ventilation in panic disorder patients
Authors: J M Gorman, L A Papp, J Coplan, J Martinez, M R Liebowitz, D F Klein
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

Patients with panic disorder are behaviorally hypersensitive to CO2 inhalation and may also be biologically hypersensitive. A report by Mathew et al. showed, however, that administration of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor acetazolamide, which is believed to increase brain CO2 level, did not cause panic in panic disorder patients. The authors of the present study noted that respiratory frequency did not increase in the earlier experiment and wondered whether respiratory stimulation occurred during acetazolamide administration, as would be expected if CO2 level increases significantly.Ten patients with panic disorder and six normal control subjects received injections of acetazolamide, 1 g i.v., as per the Mathew et al. protocol, during breath by breath measurement of both tidal volume and frequency of respiration.Three patients had panic attacks, one before receiving acetazolamide, one during the injection, and one 2 minutes after injection. Only the last of these attacks appeared possibly attributable to acetazolamide. None of the control subjects panicked. Neither patients nor control subjects exhibited meaningful change in tidal volume, respiratory frequency, or minute ventilation, and both groups experienced a trend toward significant decrease in overall levels of anxiety and dyspnea after acetazolamide injection.The authors replicated the earlier finding that acetazolamide is not panicogenic in patients with panic disorder but also showed that at the dose given, there is no meaningful effect on ventilation. If acetazolamide does affect CO2 levels it does so in a way that does not stimulate ventilation. Therefore, the acetazolamide injection results of Mathew et al. and of the present study do not challenge hypotheses linking panic attacks to hypersensitive respiratory control mechanisms.
Preprints Involving Medical Research—Do the Benefits Outweigh the Challenges?
Authors: Annette Flanagin, Phil B. Fontanarosa, Howard Bauchner
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Dorothy S. Massey, BA; Michelle A. Opare, BS; Joshua D. Wallach, PhD, MS; Joseph S. Ross, MD, MHS; Harlan M. Krumholz, MD, SM