tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevalence, clinical course and treatment of chronic gastritis at the present stage
Authors: G.V. Osyodlo, Y.Y. Kotyk, M.A. Kalashnikov, V.V. Osyodlo
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2021)

Background. The importance of the problem of chronic gastritis (CG) is determined by its high proportion in the structure of gastrointestinal pathology, reduced quality of life of patients, and possible complications. The study aimed at the investigation of the incidence and features of the clinical course of CG in servicemen at the present stage and pharmacoeconomic efficacy of bismuth and triple anti-helicobacter therapy (AHBT) in H. pylori (HP)— associated erosive gastritis with the use of domestic drugs. Materials and methods. At the first stage, the indicators of the admission rate of servicemen with CG and the peculiarities of the endoscopic picture of the gastric mucosa were analyzed. At the second stage, the features of the clinical course were studied and a pharmacoeconomic analysis of treatment regimens in servicemen with HP-associated erosive gastritis with proton pump inhibitors of different generations and domestic bismuth subcitrate, used in triple and bismuth-containing regimens, was performed. Results. An epidemiological, clinical, and pharmacoeconomic analysis of HP-associated CG in servicemen at the present stage has been conducted. It is reasonable to treat servicemen with HP-associated erosive gastritis with domestic drugs using bismuth-containing anti-helicobacter therapy, which will improve the efficiency and quality of treatment and avoid unjustified budget costs. Conclusions. Among the servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, starting from 2013, there is a tendency to increase the number of erosive gastroduodenal lesions with a predominant lesion of the antrum of the stomach. Pharmacoeconomic analysis of the treatment of HP-associated erosive gastritis showed the feasibility of switching to bismuth-containing AHBT with the use of domestic rabeprazole and bismuth subcitrate. This is justified by a higher anti-Helicobacter activity by 1.2 times (20%), 1.6 times better (60%) cost-effectiveness, and 1.4times higher (40%) cost-utility.
Impaired humoral responses to COVID-19 vaccination in patients with lymphoma receiving B-cell–directed therapies
Authors: Paola Ghione, Juan J. Gu, Kristopher Attwood, Pallawi Torka, Shipra Goel, Suchitra Sundaram, Cory Mavis, Michael Johnson, Roshneke Thomas, Kenneth McWhite, Andrea Darrall, Joseph DeMarco, Jessica Kostrewa, Alice Mohr, Leah Rivas, Mirdza Neiders, Lakshmanan Suresh, Brahm H. Segal, Elizabeth A. Griffiths, Vince Ramsperger, Long Shen, Francisco J. Hernandez-Ilizaliturri
Journal: Blood (2021)
Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma, Version 3.2021
Authors: Jamie E. Flerlage, Susan M. Hiniker, Saro Armenian, Ellen C. Benya, Adam J. Bobbey, Vivian Chang, Stacy Cooper, Don W. Coulter, Branko Cuglievan, Bradford S. Hoppe, Leidy Isenalumhe, Kara Kelly, Leslie Kersun, Adam J. Lamble, Nicole A. Larrier, Jeffrey Magee, Kwadwo Oduro, Martha Pacheco, Anita P. Price, Kenneth B. Roberts, Christine M. Smith, Aliyah R. Sohani, Erin M. Trovillion, Emily Walling, Ana C. Xavier, Jennifer L. Burns, Mallory Campbell
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2021)

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a highly curable form of cancer, and current treatment regimens are focused on improving treatment efficacy while decreasing the risk of late effects of treatment. The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for pediatric HL provide recommendations on the workup, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment of classic HL, including principles of pathology, imaging, staging, systemic therapy, and radiation therapy. This portion of the NCCN Guidelines focuses on the management of pediatric classic HL in the upfront and relapsed/refractory settings.
Cyclic reactions-mediated self-supply of H2O2 and O2 for cooperative chemodynamic/starvation cancer therapy
Authors: Xiaojuan Zhang, Chuanchuan He, Yan Chen, Chen Chen, Ruicong Yan, Ting Fan, Yongkang Gai, Tan Yang, Yao Lu, Guangya Xiang
Journal: Biomaterials (2021)
Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) precipitated by severe alcoholic hepatitis: another collateral damage of the COVID-19 pandemic?
Authors: Esra Görgülü, Wenyi Gu, Jonel Trebicka, Victoria Therese Mücke, Marcus Maximilian Muecke, Mireen Friedrich-Rust, Joerg Bojunga, Stefan Zeuzem, Fabian Finkelmeier, Kai-Henrik Peiffer
Journal: Gut (2021)

We have read with interest the study recently published by Bajaj and colleagues.[1][1] The authors convincingly demonstrate that underlying cirrhosis should be considered a high-risk comorbid condition among patients with COVID-19. However, increasing evidence demonstrates that patients not infected
Limited tumour progression beyond Milan criteria while on the waiting list does not result in unacceptable impairment of survival
Authors: Joana Ferrer-Fàbrega, Jaime Sampson-Dávila, Alejandro Forner, Victor Sapena, Alba Díaz, Ramón Vilana, Miquel Navasa, Constantino Fondevila, Rosa Miquel, Carmen Ayuso, Juan Carlos García-Valdecasas, Jordi Bruix, María Reig, Josep Fuster
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2021)
Molecular Genetic Characterization of a Subset of Women With Early Breast Cancer Followed Up for 25 Years in the Stockholm Tamoxifen Clinical Trial
Authors: Robert Charles Burton
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

Huma Dar, MSc; Annelie Johansson, MSc, PhD; Anna Nordenskjöld, MD, PhD; Adina Iftimi, MSc, PhD; Christina Yau, PhD; Gizeh Perez-Tenorio, MSc, PhD; Christopher Benz, MD; Bo Nordenskjöld, MD, PhD; Olle Stål, MSc, PhD; Laura J. Esserman, MD; Tommy Fornander, MD, PhD; Linda S. Lindström, MSc, PhD
Extracellular matrix protein laminin β1 regulates pain sensitivity and anxiodepression-like behaviors in mice
Authors: Zhen-Zhen Li, Wen-Juan Han, Zhi-Chuan Sun, Yun Chen, Jun-Yi Sun, Guo-Hong Cai, Wan-Neng Liu, Tao-Zhi Wang, Yang-Dan Xie, Hong-Hui Mao, Fei Wang, Sui-Bin Ma, Fu-Dong Wang, Rou-Gang Xie, Sheng-Xi Wu, Ceng Luo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2021)

Patients with neuropathic pain often experience comorbid psychiatric disorders. Cellular plasticity in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is assumed to be a critical interface for pain perception and emotion. However, substantial efforts have thus far been focused on the intracellular mechanisms of plasticity rather than the extracellular alterations that might trigger and facilitate intracellular changes. Laminin, a key element of the extracellular matrix (ECM), consists of one α-, one β-, and one γ-chain and is implicated in several pathophysiological processes. Here, we showed in mice that laminin β1 (LAMB1) in the ACC was significantly downregulated upon peripheral neuropathy. Knockdown of LAMB1 in the ACC exacerbated pain sensitivity and induced anxiety and depression. Mechanistic analysis revealed that loss of LAMB1 caused actin dysregulation via interaction with integrin β1 and the subsequent Src-dependent RhoA/LIMK/cofilin pathway, leading to increased presynaptic transmitter release probability and abnormal postsynaptic spine remodeling, which in turn orchestrated the structural and functional plasticity of pyramidal neurons and eventually resulted in pain hypersensitivity and anxiodepression. This study sheds new light on the functional capability of ECM LAMB1 in modulating pain plasticity and identifies a mechanism that conveys extracellular alterations to intracellular plasticity. Moreover, we identified cingulate LAMB1/integrin β1 signaling as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of neuropathic pain and associated anxiodepression.
HIV-1 and human genetic variation
Authors: Paul J. McLaren, Jacques Fellay
Journal: Nature Reviews Genetics (2021)

Over the past four decades, research on the natural history of HIV infection has described how HIV wreaks havoc on human immunity and causes AIDS. HIV host genomic research, which aims to understand how human genetic variation affects our response to HIV infection, has progressed from early candidate gene studies to recent multi-omic efforts, benefiting from spectacular advances in sequencing technology and data science. In addition to invading cells and co-opting the host machinery for replication, HIV also stably integrates into our own genome. The study of the complex interactions between the human and retroviral genomes has improved our understanding of pathogenic mechanisms and suggested novel preventive and therapeutic approaches against HIV infection. McLaren and Fellay review our current understanding of the effects of human genetic variation on HIV infection and disease progression and how this knowledge is contributing to preventative and therapeutic approaches.
Gut microbiome and its meta-omics perspectives: profound implications for cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Jing Xu, Yuejin Yang
Journal: Gut Microbes (2021)

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) still remain the leading concern of global health, accounting for approximately 17.9 million deaths in 2016. The pathogenetic mechanisms of CVDs are multifactorial and incompletely understood. Recent evidence has shown that alterations in the gut microbiome and its associated metabolites may influence the pathogenesis and progression of CVDs such as atherosclerosis, heart failure, hypertension, and arrhythmia, yet the underlying links are not fully elucidated. Owing to the progress in next-generation sequencing techniques and computational strategies, researchers now are available to explore the emerging links to the genomes, transcriptomes, proteomes, and metabolomes in parallel meta-omics approaches, presenting a panoramic vista of culture-independent microbial investigation. This review aims to outline the characteristics of meta-omics pipelines and provide a brief overview of current applications in CVDs studies which can be practical for addressing crucial knowledge gaps in this field, as well as to shed its light on cardiovascular risk biomarkers and therapeutic intervention in the near future.
Abstract 25: A Streamlined Technique to Stabilize C-kit Expression in Cardiac Mesenchymal Cells
Authors: Sujith Dassanayaka, Bethany W Long, Ayesha Zafir, Shahab Ghafghazi, Gregory N Hunt, Camille T Noble, Angelica M DeMartino, Kenneth R Brittian, Steven P Jones, Marcin Wysoczynski
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

Adoptive transfer of various reparative cells attenuates cardiac dysfunction in preclinical models of heart failure. Although c-kit sorted cells do not transdifferentiate to an extent sufficient to explain improvements in ventricular function, their adoptive transfer reliably attenuates cardiac dysfunction. Curiously, few studies report maintenance of c-kit expression with passage, and our experience indicates rapid dissipation of c-kit. Here, we asked whether we could stabilize c-kit expression during passage of c-kit sorted cells. To this end, we standardized an approach to isolate c-kit + cardiac mesenchymal cells (CMCs) and to preserve c-kit expression over several passages (panel A). This protocol was predicated on the differential adhesion capacity of c-kit sorted CMCs, allowing their stratification into two groups: rapidly adhering (RA) and slowly adhering (SA). After characterization of these cells (panel B), we tested their reparative capacity using echo-guided, percutaneous intracavitary delivery in mice at two days following myocardial infarction (MI). SA, but not RA, CMCs significantly reduced scar area and improved ejection fraction (EF) compared to [cell-free] vehicle (panels C, D, and E). Examination of the post-MI hearts indicated augmented ischemic zone capillary formation in the SA group (panel F), consistent with potential neovascularization. In conclusion, we established a method to stabilize c-kit expression in a reparative subset of CMCs (i.e. SA CMCs). Our results, however, did not reconcile whether such maintenance of c-kit expression is required for the reparative function of the SA CMCs, which is the subject of future investigation.
Guidewire-assisted technique for gastroscope insertion through stricture of Zenkerʼs diverticulum for esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Kengo Kasuga, Seiichiro Abe, Ichiro Oda, Shigetaka Yoshinaga, Haruhisa Suzuki, Toshio Uraoka, Yutaka Saito
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

A 65-year-old asymptomatic man underwent screening esophagogastroduodenoscopy before treatment for tongue cancer. Standard gastroscopes (GIF-H290Z and GIF-H290; Olympus) could not pass through the cervical esophagus. However, an ultra-slim gastroscope (GIF-XP290N; Olympus) was able to pass through and revealed a Zenkerʼs diverticulum ([Fig. 1 a, b]). A superficial esophageal cancer was detected in the upper thoracic esophagus ([Fig. 2]). Biopsy specimens from the lesion showed squamous cell carcinoma. The patient opted for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), which requires standard gastroscope insertion ([Video 1]).
Commentaire de travail de J. M. Cha et al., pp. 202
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

J. M. Cha, K. S. Lim, S. H. Lee, Y. E. Joo, S. P. Hong, T. I. Kim, H. G. Kim, D. I. Park, S. E. Kim, D. H. Yang, J. E. Shin. Clinical outcomes and risk factors of post-polypectomy coagulation syndrome: a multicenter, retrospective, case–control study
Immunostimulatory bacterial antigen–armed oncolytic measles virotherapy significantly increases the potency of anti-PD1 checkpoint therapy
Authors: Eleni Panagioti, Cheyne Kurokawa, Kimberly Viker, Arun Ammayappan, S. Keith Anderson, Sotiris Sotiriou, Kyriakos Chatzopoulos, Katayoun Ayasoufi, Aaron J. Johnson, Ianko D. Iankov, Evanthia Galanis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2021)

Clinical immunotherapy approaches are lacking efficacy in the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM). In this study, we sought to reverse local and systemic GBM-induced immunosuppression using the Helicobacter pylori neutrophil-activating protein (NAP), a potent TLR2 agonist, as an immunostimulatory transgene expressed in an oncolytic measles virus (MV) platform, retargeted to allow viral entry through the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR). While single-agent murine anti-PD1 treatment or repeat in situ immunization with MV-s-NAP-uPA provided modest survival benefit in MV-resistant syngeneic GBM models, the combination treatment led to synergy with a cure rate of 80% in mice bearing intracranial GL261 tumors and 72% in mice with CT-2A tumors. Combination NAP-immunovirotherapy induced massive influx of lymphoid cells in mouse brain, with CD8+ T cell predominance; therapeutic efficacy was CD8+ T cell dependent. Inhibition of the IFN response pathway using the JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib decreased PD-L1 expression on myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the brain and further potentiated the therapeutic effect of MV-s-NAP-uPA and anti-PD1. Our findings support the notion that MV strains armed with bacterial immunostimulatory antigens represent an effective strategy to overcome the limited efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor–based therapies in GBM, creating a promising translational strategy for this lethal brain tumor.
Validation of Clinically Relevant Thresholds of Esophagogastric Junction Obstruction Using FLIP Panometry
Authors: Dustin A. Carlson, Jacqueline E. Prescott, Alexandra J. Baumann, Jacob M. Schauer, Amanda Krause, Erica N. Donnan, Wenjun Kou, Peter J. Kahrilas, John E. Pandolfino
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2021)
Milk protein-shelled gold nanoparticles with gastrointestinally active absorption for aurotherapy to brain tumor
Authors: Hyung Shik Kim, Seung Jae Lee, Dong Yun Lee
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)

Orally absorbable gold nanoparticles (AuNP) having cancer ablation therapy is strongly demanded to treat glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) for patients with its highest incidence rate. Here, we develop a milk protein lactoferrin-conjugated AuNP for its oral absorption and targeting to the GBM through the interaction between lactoferrin (Lf) and lactoferrin receptor (LfR) that is highly expressed in the intestine, blood-brain barrier and GBM. For stability and long circulation of AuNP, glutathione and polyethylene glycol (PEG) is introduced, which is called to Lf-PEG-AuNP. When Lf-PEG-AuNP are orally administered to orthotopic GBM-bearing mice, 11-fold and 8-fold higher concentrations of AuNP are measured in bloodstreams and GBM in the brain, respectively, compared with unconjugated-AuNP. Therefore, orally administered Lf-PEG-AuNP exhibit an outstanding temperature rise in GBM by irradiating laser and significantly reduce tumor volume. Collectively, we suggest that the Lf-PEG-AuNP can fundamentally target GBM in the brain through oral absorption, and that its efficient photothermal therapy is possible.
Tocilizumab Is Safe after T-Cell Replete Peripheral Blood Haploidentical Donor Transplantation
Authors: Ramzi Abboud, Michael Slade, Kathryn Trinkaus, Camille N. Abboud, John F DiPersio, Todd A. Fehniger, Geoffrey L. Uy, Peter Westervelt, Ravi Vij, Mark A. Schroeder, Iskra Pusic, Armin Ghobadi, Rizwan Romee
Journal: Blood (2017)
Mining of Consumer Product Ingredient and Purchasing Data to Identify Potential Chemical Coexposures
Authors: Zachary Stanfield, Cody K. Addington, Kathie L. Dionisio, David Lyons, Rogelio Tornero-Velez, Katherine A. Phillips, Timothy J. Buckley, Kristin K. Isaacs
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2021)

Background: Chemicals in consumer products are a major contributor to human chemical coexposures. Consumers purchase and use a wide variety of products containing potentially thousands of chemicals. There is a need to identify potential real-world chemical coexposures to prioritize in vitro toxicity screening. However, due to the vast number of potential chemical combinations, this identification has been a major challenge. Objectives: We aimed to develop and implement a data-driven procedure for identifying prevalent chemical combinations to which humans are exposed through purchase and use of consumer products. Methods: We applied frequent itemset mining to an integrated data set linking consumer product chemical ingredient data with product purchasing data from 60,000 households to identify chemical combinations resulting from co-use of consumer products. Results: We identified co-occurrence patterns of chemicals over all households as well as those specific to demographic groups based on race/ethnicity, income, education, and family composition. We also identified chemicals with the highest potential for aggregate exposure by identifying chemicals occurring in multiple products used by the same household. Last, a case study of chemicals active in estrogen and androgen receptor in silico models revealed priority chemical combinations co-targeting receptors involved in important biological signaling pathways. Discussion: Integration and comprehensive analysis of household purchasing data and product-chemical information provided a means to assess human near-field exposure and inform selection of chemical combinations for high-throughput screening in in vitro assays. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP8610
Adaptive Resistance Mutations at Suprainhibitory Concentrations Independent of SOS Mutagenesis
Authors: Ricardo Gutiérrez, Yoav Ram, Judith Berman, Keyla Carstens Marques de Sousa, Yaarit Nachum-Biala, Malka Britzi, Daniel Elad, Gad Glaser, Shay Covo, Shimon Harrus
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2021)

Emergence of resistant bacteria during antimicrobial treatment is one of the most critical and universal health threats. It is known that several stress-induced mutagenesis and heteroresistance mechanisms can enhance microbial adaptation to antibiotics. Here, we demonstrate that the pathogen Bartonella can undergo stress-induced mutagenesis despite the fact it lacks error-prone polymerases, the rpoS gene and functional UV-induced mutagenesis. We demonstrate that Bartonella acquire de novo single mutations during rifampicin exposure at suprainhibitory concentrations at a much higher rate than expected from spontaneous fluctuations. This is while exhibiting a minimal heteroresistance capacity. The emerged resistant mutants acquired a single rpoB mutation, whereas no other mutations were found in their whole genome. Interestingly, the emergence of resistance in Bartonella occurred only during gradual exposure to the antibiotic, indicating that Bartonella sense and react to the changing environment. Using a mathematical model, we demonstrated that, to reproduce the experimental results, mutation rates should be transiently increased over 1,000-folds, and a larger population size or greater heteroresistance capacity is required. RNA expression analysis suggests that the increased mutation rate is due to downregulation of key DNA repair genes (mutS, mutY, and recA), associated with DNA breaks caused by massive prophage inductions. These results provide new evidence of the hazard of antibiotic overuse in medicine and agriculture.
Psoriasis Prevalence in Adults in the United States
Authors: April W. Armstrong, Manan D. Mehta, Clayton W. Schupp, George C. Gondo, Stacie J. Bell, Christopher E. M. Griffiths
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2021)

Determining psoriasis prevalence is fundamental to understanding the burden of the disease, the populations most affected, and health policies to address the disease.(1) To determine the prevalence of psoriasis among adults in the US and (2) to evaluate the change in psoriasis prevalence over time since the 2003-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data.This population-based cross-sectional study used 2011-2014 NHANES data (collected from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2014) with sampling from a general, noninstitutionalized US civilian population. Participants were 20 years or older and were selected via a multistage probability sampling design to ensure that surveys were nationally representative. Eligible participants had an in-person interview followed by a medical examination by medical professionals. Data were analyzed from July 15, 2019, to December 23, 2020.None.Psoriasis prevalence in the US, as measured by the percentage of people in the representative sample with psoriasis, and trend statistics comparing prevalence estimates from the 2003-2004, 2009-2010, and 2011-2014 NHANES cycles.A total of 12 625 participants (mean [SD] age, 32.8 [24.1] years; 6492 women [51.4%]; and 4828 non-Hispanic White participants [38.2%]) answered the question of whether they were given the diagnosis of psoriasis by a physician or another health care professional. Psoriasis prevalence among US adults 20 years or older was 3.0% (95% CI, 2.6%-3.4%). Based on the 2020 US census data, this outcome translates to an estimated 7.55 million US adults with psoriasis. Psoriasis prevalence was similar between women and men, with 3.2% (95% CI, 2.6%-3.8%) in women and 2.8% (95% CI, 2.4%-3.3%) in men. Psoriasis prevalence was highest in White individuals at 3.6% (95% CI, 2.9%-4.2%), followed by other racial/ethnic groups (non-Hispanic, including multiracial) at 3.1% (95% CI, 1.2%-5.1%), Asian individuals at 2.5% (95% CI, 1.6%-3.3%), Hispanic individuals (including Mexican American and other Hispanic individuals) at 1.9% (95% CI, 1.3%-2.5%), and Black individuals at 1.5% (95% CI, 1.0%-2.0%). Psoriasis prevalence was not different based on patients' marital status, education, income, or medical insurance status. The prevalence of psoriasis among US adults did not differ significantly since 2003.The results of this cross-sectional study suggest that psoriasis remains a common, immune-mediated disease that affects 3.0% of the US adult population, or more than 7.5 million adults. Its prevalence has not differed since evaluation in 2003. These prevalence data are foundational to determining the burden of psoriasis and for supporting efforts in research, education, and health policy.