tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 013: Trajectories Of Self-rated Health After Hospitalization: A 30 Year Cohort Study
Authors: Scott Mu, Caitlin W Hicks, Natalie R Daya, Randi E Foraker, Anna Kucharska-newton, Pamela L Lutsey, Joseph Coresh, Elizabeth Selvin
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: Hospitalization is a complex health exposure and the period immediately following acute-care hospitalization is a high-risk state. Self-rated health is a subjective indicator of health and the long-term trends in self-rated health after hospitalization are not well characterized. Hypotheses: 1. Self-rated health decreases after hospitalization, with only partial recovery in the following years. 2. Poor self-rated health after hospitalization is associated with increased mortality. Methods: We analyzed 13,758 participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study with at least 1 hospitalization. Self-rated health was assessed annually and rated on a 4-point scale as follows: “Over the past year, compared to other people your age, would you say that your health has been excellent(=4), good(=3), fair(=2) or poor(=1)?" Using Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier methods, we evaluated mortality after hospitalization for myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, pneumonia or diabetes mellitus with complications. Results: The mean self-rated health the year prior to hospitalization was 2.82 and the nadir of self-rated health was 2.62, occurring 1 year after hospitalization (Fig 1a). As compared to “excellent” self-rated health, “poor” self-rated health after any hospitalization was strongly associated with mortality (HR 4.65, 95% CI 4.27-5.07). Corresponding HRs (95% CI) for mortality post-hospitalization were 3.12 (2.30-4.22) for acute myocardial infarction, 3.08 (2.39-3.96) for congestive heart failure, 2.15 (1.43-3.23) for acute cerebrovascular disease, 4.54 (3.39-6.09) for pneumonia, and 3.32 (2.35-4.69) for diabetes mellitus with complications (Fig 1b). Conclusion: Mean self-rated health decreases significantly after hospitalization and worse self-rated health is associated with higher mortality. Self-rated health is an easily obtained patient centered outcome with valuable prognostic information.
Abstract 14942: The Influence of Heart Failure on Clinical and Economic Outcomes for Older Patients Presenting With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Abdulla A Damluji, Wayne B Batchelor, Behnam Tehrani, Paul A Gurbel, Kelly Epps, Matthew W Sherwood, Narian Rajan, Rahsaan C Smith, Shashank Sinha, Shashank Desai, Lauren Cooper, Mitchell Psotka, Christopher DeFilippi, Christopher O’Connor
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: We aimed to evaluate the influence of heart failure on clinical and economic outcomes in older patients ≥75 years of age with first observed AMI. Methods: From 2000-2016, first AMI was ...
Abstract 15341: Multi-center Validation of a Novel Echocardiography Artificial Intelligence System to Predict Post-operative Right Ventricular Failure in LVAD Patients
Authors: Rohan Shad Arora, Nicolas Quach, Robyn Fong, Sandra Kong, Patpilai Kasinpila, Miguel Castro, Ashrith Guha, Erik E Suarez, Stefan Jovinge, Sangjin Lee, theodore boeve, Curtis P Langlotz, Myriam Amsallem, Francois Haddad, Yasuhiro Shudo, Y Joseph Y Woo, Jeffrey Teuteberg, William Hiesinger
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Post-operative right ventricular failure (RV failure) is the single largest contributor to short-term mortality in patients with left ventricular assist devices (LVAD); yet predicting which patient is at risk of developing this complication in the pre-operative setting has remained beyond the abilities of experts in the field. We hypothesized that deep artificial intelligence (AI) driven characterization of subtle pre-operative myocardial motion features, could predict post-operative RV failure in LVAD patients. Methods: We developed a novel echocardiography AI system using an improved dense trajectory algorithm that tracks motion vectors in an unsupervised fashion, and a 3-dimensional convolutional neural network that tracks spatiotemporal features from videos. We used pre-operative ECHO videos from a 536 patient multicenter echocardiographic and clinical dataset, and via a standard 10-fold cross validation, trained and validated the AI system to predict severe or higher grades of post-operative RV failure at the time of index hospitalization. Finally, we independently benchmarked our AI system against clinicians equipped with contemporary clinical risk scores to predict post-operative RV failure (Penn and CRITT score) and manually derived echocardiographic metrics of RV function. Results: 173 (32%) patients were adjudicated to have severe post-operative RV failure. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC ROC) for the AI system was 0.86 (95% CI 0.824-0.896). The performance of our AI system exceeded that of both the best performing clinical risk score and manually derived echocardiographic metric by a significant margin (ΔAUC +0.30, 95% CI 0.27 - 0.33 and ΔAUC +0.24, 95% CI 0.21 - 0.27; both p &amp;lt 0.0001). Conclusions: A novel ECHO AI system trained and validated on a multicenter dataset outperformed clinical experts equipped with both contemporary risk scores and manually calculated echocardiographic metrics.
Abstract 16134: A Multicenter Cross-sectional Study of Dyslipidemia Among Adults in New England With Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Fred M Wu, Michael Mendelson, Nancy A Drucker, Adrian Moran, Scott Yeager, Yisong Huang, Hannah Palfrey, Anne M Valente, Sarah Deferranti
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Background: Improved survival of individuals living with congenital heart disease (CongHD) has highlighted the importance of acquired atherosclerosis. Hypertension and diabetes are known to affect those with CongHD, compared to the general population. However, the prevalence of dyslipidemia among adults with CongHD is not well described. Objective: To describe the prevalence of dyslipidemia according to 2018 Multisociety Guideline on the Management of Blood Cholesterol and the frequency of lipid screening among adults with CongHD. Methods: We performed a prospective, cross-sectional study of individuals ≥18 years of age seen at four ambulatory congenital cardiology centers within the New England Congenital Cardiology Association regional referral network. Consenting subjects were administered a survey regarding prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and previous screening. A non-fasting fingerprick sample of capillary blood was obtained from each subject for immediate analysis using a point-of-care lipid analyzer. Results: There were 186 subjects recruited with one subject excluded from analysis due to self-reported fever. Of the remaining 185 subjects, 93 (50.3%) were male. The median age was 30 years (range 18-71). CHD anatomy was classified as simple for 21 (11.4%) subjects, moderate for 101 (54.6%) subjects, and complex for 63 (34.1%) subjects. Of those who responded, 67.9% recalled having their cholesterol levels checked previously. Only 14.8% reported a history of high cholesterol or triglycerides. However, 85 (45.9%) subjects met NCEP definition of dyslipidemia, with 60 (32.4%) having HDL &lt;40 mg/dL and 37 (20.0%) having TC ≥200 mg/dL. TC was significantly higher in the simple CHD group than in the moderate and complex groups (178.4 vs. 170.1 vs. 157.6, p=0.03). Conversely, HDL tended to be lower in complex CongHD compared to simple and moderate CHD (44.1 vs. 46.9 vs. 49.8, p=0.05), although this did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: Dyslipidemia is highly prevalent among our cohort of adults with CongHD despite less than 15% reporting a prior diagnosis of high cholesterol. Low HDL, was most common, and predominated in those with complex CHD, while high TC more often affected individuals with simple and moderate CHD.
Genetic Origins and Sex-Biased Admixture of the Huis
Authors: Xixian Ma, Wenjun Yang, Yang Gao, Yuwen Pan, Yan Lu, Hao Chen, Dongsheng Lu, Shuhua Xu
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2021)

Abstract The Hui people are unique among Chinese ethnic minorities in that they speak the same language as Han Chinese (HAN) but practice Islam. However, as the second-largest minority group in China numbering well over 10 million, the Huis are under-represented in both global and regional genomic studies. Here, we present the first whole-genome sequencing effort of 234 Hui individuals (NXH) aged over 60 who have been living in Ningxia, where the Huis are mostly concentrated. NXH are genetically more similar to East Asian than to any other global populations. In particular, the genetic differentiation between NXH and HAN (FST = 0.0015) is only slightly larger than that between northern and southern HAN (FST = 0.0010), largely attributed to the western ancestry in NXH (∼10%). Highly differentiated functional variants between NXH and HAN were identified in genes associated with skin pigmentation (e.g., SLC24A5), facial morphology (e.g., EDAR), and lipid metabolism (e.g., ABCG8). The Huis are also distinct from other Muslim groups such as the Uyghurs (FST = 0.0187), especially, NXH derived much less western ancestry (∼10%) compared with the Uyghurs (∼50%). Modeling admixture history indicated that NXH experienced an episode of two-wave admixture. An ancient admixture occurred ∼1,025 years ago, reflecting the intensive west–east contacts during the late Tang Dynasty, and the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. A recent admixture occurred ∼500 years ago, corresponding to the Ming Dynasty. Notably, we identified considerable sex-biased admixture, that is, excess of western males and eastern females contributing to the NXH gene pool. The origins and the genomic diversity of the Hui people imply the complex history of contacts between western and eastern Eurasians.
Effect of Erbitux on cell viability is correlated with the responsive signaling pathway(s) but not EGFR expression levels in ovarian tumor cells
Authors: Zhongzong Pan, Carolyn Slater, Lisa Vanderveer, Andrew K. Godwin
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

5052  Aberrant activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been associated with disease progression, poor survival, and poor response to therapy in many cancer types. Mechanisms leading to aberrant activation of EGFR include over-expression of the receptor, over-expression of its ligand (e.g., TGF-α, EGF), and activating mutations of the receptor. We evaluated 237 primary ovarian tumors by immunohistochemistry and found that 211 (89%) tumors showed some degree of EGFR staining. The majority of tumors showed low levels (1+) of EGFR (61%) while only 4% showed high levels (3+ or greater) of staining. In comparison to the expression levels in tumors, EGFR expression in normal adult ovarian epithelium was negligible. Activation of EGFR leads to the activation of a series of signaling cascades, including the PI3K-AKT pathway, the RAS-RAF-ERK pathway, the JAK-STAT pathway, and PLC-γ, that are involved in many aspects of malignancy. In this study, we evaluated the effects of Erbitux (IMC-C225 or cetuximab) on a large series of ovarian tumor cell lines that expressed varying levels of EGFR. Response to Erbitux varied among the different cancer cell lines and EGFR levels alone did not dictate response to therapy. We found that treatment with Erbitux lead to significant changes in cell viability in tumor cell lines that expressed high levels of EGFR in vitro. We also evaluated the effect of Erbitux on xenograft tumor growth in nude mice. Compared to the control treated with vehicle, Erbitux treatment decreased the growth of established xenograft tumors by 50%-70% over the course of 40-50 days. Although high level of EGFR expression is required for the response, the levels of EGFR expression did not always correlate well with the degree of response. Instead, we observed a likely correlation between the response to Erbitux and down-regulation of either ERK or AKT phosphorylation or both. In highly-responsive tumor cells, ERK and/or AKT phosphorylation was significantly reduced; while in less-responsive cells and EGFR-negative ovarian tumor cells, Erbitux had little or no effect on the phosphorylation of ERK and AKT in vitro. In summary, Erbitux may have clinical implication in the treatment of ovarian cancer with EGFR expression and down-regulation of AKT and ERK phosphorylation may correlate with the therapeutic effect of Erbitux better than EGFR levels. These studies were supported in part by an Ovarian Cancer SPORE P50 grant CA83638-05.
PEDOT:PSS‐Based Bioelectronic Devices for Recording and Modulation of Electrophysiological and Biochemical Cell Signals
Authors: Yuanying Liang, Andreas Offenhäusser, Sven Ingebrandt, Dirk Mayer
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2021)

To understand the physiology and pathology of electrogenic cells and the corresponding tissue in their full complexity, the quantitative investigation of the transmission of ions as well as the release of chemical signals is important. Organic (semi-) conducting materials and in particular organic electrochemical transistor are gaining in importance for the investigation of electrophysiological and recently biochemical signals due to their synthetic nature and thus chemical diversity and modifiability, their biocompatible and compliant properties, as well as their mixed electronic and ionic conductivity featuring ion-to-electron conversion. Here, the aim is to summarize recent progress on the development of bioelectronic devices utilizing polymer polyethylenedioxythiophene: poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) to interface electronics and biological matter including microelectrode arrays, neural cuff electrodes, organic electrochemical transistors, PEDOT:PSS-based biosensors, and organic electronic ion pumps. Finally, progress in the material development is summarized for the improvement of polymer conductivity, stretchability, higher transistor transconductance, or to extend their field of application such as cation sensing or metabolite recognition. This survey of recent trends in PEDOT:PSS electrophysiological sensors highlights the potential of this multifunctional material to revolve current technology and to enable long-lasting, multichannel polymer probes for simultaneous recordings of electrophysiological and biochemical signals from electrogenic cells.
Peg-Asparaginase Administration on Day 3 of Remission Induction Accelerates MRD Response in Children with B-Cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Alexander Popov, Oleg Bydanov, Julia Roumiantseva, Svetlana Lagoiko, Mikhail Belevtsev, Elena Boyakova, Tatiana Verzhbitskaya, Liudmila Movchan, Maria Fadeyeva, Natalia Migal, Olga Khlebnikova, Natalia Miakova, Elena Stoliarova, Olga Streneva, Larisa Fechina, Olga Aleinikova, Guenter Henze, Alexander Karachunskiy
Journal: Blood (2017)
コロナウイルス感染患者に対するコルチコステロイド治療の効果:系統的レビューとメタ分析【JST・京大機械翻訳】
Authors: Yang Zhenwei, Liu Jialong, Zhou Yunjiao, Zhao Xixian, Zhao Qiu, Liu Jing
Journal: Journal of Infection (2020)
Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Mild Cognitive Impairment Concerns about memory, word-finding, or other cognitive (mental function) problems are common among older adults.A mild cognitive problem is different from dementia, however, because dementia is diagnosed only when both memory and another cognitive function are each affected severely enough to interfere with a person' s ability to carry out routine daily activities.Dementia is much more severe than a mild memory problem such as difficulty recalling names.The October 1, 2008, issue of JAMA includes an article about mild cognitive impairment.
SBEM protein expression correlates with estrogen receptor and tumor grade in breast cancer.
Authors: Mark M. Mutawe, Etienne Leygue, Yvonne Myal
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

3282  We recently identified small breast epithelial mucin (SBEM) as a novel 90 amino-acid protein, the expression of which appears to be highly breast-specific. Structurally, this protein contains tandem repeats of the octapeptide neutral core sequence TTAAXTTA, that is characteristic of the large family of glycoproteins known as mucins. Since the epithelial surface mucin, MUC1, a member of this family, is abnormally glycosylated and its expression is up-regulated in breast cancer, we were interested in examining protein expression of SBEM in breast cancer cell lines, normal breast tissue and breast tumors. Western blot analysis of eight different breast cancer cell lines indicated variable SBEM protein expression. The MDA-231 and BT-20 cell lines exhibited high expression of SBEM protein, while the T5 and MCF-7 cell lines expressed SBEM at lower levels. In normal mammary tissue, SBEM was present, but there was a low level of expression. 88 breast tumors were analyzed by Western blot, and were classified as being SBEM-positive (n = 64) or SBEM-negative (n = 24). When compared to ER levels, SBEM positive tumors demonstrated lower ER levels (22.5fmol/mg) than SBEM negative tumors (63.0fmol/mg). There was also a positive correlation between SBEM level and tumor grade (P = 0.02). No correlation between SBEM and PR levels was observed (P = 0.71). All other normal tissues studied were negative for SBEM protein. These data suggest that a higher expression of the SBEM protein could help monitor breast cancer progression.
Cross-reactive coronavirus antibodies with diverse epitope specificities and Fc effector functions
Authors: Andrea R. Shiakolas, Kevin J. Kramer, Daniel Wrapp, Simone I. Richardson, Alexandra Schäfer, Steven Wall, Nianshuang Wang, Katarzyna Janowska, Kelsey A. Pilewski, Rohit Venkat, Robert Parks, Nelia P. Manamela, Nagarajan Raju, Emilee Friedman Fechter, Clinton M. Holt, Naveenchandra Suryadevara, Rita E. Chen, David R. Martinez, Rachel S. Nargi, Rachel E. Sutton, Julie E. Ledgerwood, Barney S. Graham, Michael S. Diamond, Barton F. Haynes, Priyamvada Acharya, Robert H. Carnahan, James E. Crowe, Ralph S. Baric, Lynn Morris, Jason S. McLellan, Ivelin S. Georgiev
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2021)

The continual emergence of novel coronaviruses (CoV), such as severe acute respiratory syndrome-(SARS)-CoV-2, highlights the critical need for broadly reactive therapeutics and vaccines against this family of viruses. From a recovered SARS-CoV donor sample, we identify and characterize a panel of six monoclonal antibodies that cross-react with CoV spike (S) proteins from the highly pathogenic SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, and demonstrate a spectrum of reactivity against other CoVs. Epitope mapping reveals that these antibodies recognize multiple epitopes on SARS-CoV-2 S, including the receptor-binding domain, the N-terminal domain, and the S2 subunit. Functional characterization demonstrates that the antibodies mediate phagocytosis—and in some cases trogocytosis—but not neutralization in vitro. When tested in vivo in murine models, two of the antibodies demonstrate a reduction in hemorrhagic pathology in the lungs. The identification of cross-reactive epitopes recognized by functional antibodies expands the repertoire of targets for pan-coronavirus vaccine design strategies.
Abstract 064: Prevalence, Risk Factors And Cardiovascular Outcomes Associated With Persistent Blood Pressure Control: The Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Gabriel S Tajeu, Calvin Colvin, Shakia T Hardy, Bamba Gaye, Adam P Bress, Byron Jaeger, Gbenga Ogedegbe, Swati Sakhuja, Mario Sims, Emily C OBrien, Tanya M Spruill, Daichi Shimbo, Paul Muntner
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: Cross-sectional studies have reported the proportion of African-American adults with controlled blood pressure (BP) at a single time point, but few data are available on the proportion that maintains controlled BP over time and the extent to which it is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Methods: We analyzed data from 1,414 African-American Jackson Heart Study (JHS) participants taking antihypertensive medication to estimate the proportion with persistent BP control, defined by having controlled BP at the three JHS visits, conducted over a median of 8 years. At each visit, BP control was defined as systolic BP &lt;140 mm Hg and diastolic BP &lt;90 mm Hg. Follow-up for CVD events began after the third visit. We calculated risk ratios (RR) for factors associated with persistent BP control and hazard ratios (HR) for incident CVD events among participants with versus without persistent BP control. Results: At baseline, 76.5% (n=1,081) of participants had controlled BP, among which 64.4% (n=696) had persistent BP control. Overall, 49.2% (n=696) of participants had persistent BP control. After adjustment for sex, participants ≥65 compared with &lt;65 years of age were less likely (RR; 95% CI) to have persistent BP control (0.73; 0.64 - 0.83). After age and sex adjustment, participants were more likely to have persistent BP control if they had income ≥$25,000 a year at each study visit (1.25; 1.11 - 1.40), a high school education (1.20; 1.01 - 1.41) and health insurance (1.28; 1.05 - 1.57) at Visit 1, and visited a health professional in the past year at each study visit (1.21; 1.07 - 1.37). The multivariable adjusted HR (95% CI) comparing participants with versus without persistent BP control was 0.71 (0.45 - 1.14) for CVD, 0.85 (0.41 - 1.79) for coronary heart disease, 0.68 (0.28 - 1.64) for stroke, and 0.57 (0.33 - 0.98) for heart failure (HF) ( Table ). Conclusions: Less than half of JHS participants taking antihypertensive medication had persistent BP control, putting them at increased risk for CVD, particularly HF.
Abstract 17041: Outcomes After Atrial Fibrillation Ablation With and Without CTI Ablation: Insights From the UC San Diego AF Ablation Registry
Authors: Praneet S Mylavarapu, Omar M Aldaas, Chaitanya Malladi, Florentino Lupercio, Frederick Han, Kurt S Hoffmayer, David E Krummen, Farshad Raissi, Gregory K Feld, Jonathan C Hsu
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is a well-established therapy for patients with drug refractory atrial fibrillation (AF). However, it remains unclear whether prophylactic cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) ablation at the time of PVI improves long-term freedom from AF. Several studies have examined short term outcomes, but none beyond several years post procedure. Methods: We performed a retrospective study of all patients who underwent first-time radiofrequency catheter ablation enrolled in the UC San Diego AF Ablation Registry. The primary outcome was freedom from atrial arrhythmias on or off anti-arrhythmic drugs (AAD). Results: Of 534 total patients, 63 (11.8%) underwent pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) without CTI ablation, 471 (88.2%) underwent PVI with CTI ablation. Median follow-up duration was 3.9 (0.4 - 6.8) years. CTI ablation did not improve freedom from atrial arrhythmias in those with either paroxysmal AF [Adjusted Hazard Ratio (AHR) 1.15 (95% CI 0.59-2.24) for CTI vs non-CTI ablation] or persistent AF [AHR 0.82 (95% CI 0.38-1.77) for CTI vs non-CTI ablation]. Among all patients, there were also no differences in procedural complications [AHR 1.09 (95% CI 0.33-3.62) for CTI vs. non-CTI ablation] or all-cause mortality [AHR 1.12 (95% CI 0.57-2.23) for CTI vs. non-CTI ablation]. Conclusion: In this registry analysis, prophylactic CTI ablation at the time of first PVI did not improve freedom from recurrent atrial arrhythmias at 5 years among those with paroxysmal or persistent AF as compared to PVI alone.