tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Contemporary Drug Treatment of Advanced Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Julie K. K. Vishram-Nielsen, Daniela Tomasoni, Finn Gustafsson, Marco Metra
Journal: Drugs (2022)

The introduction of multiple new pharmacological agents over the past three decades in the field of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) has led to reduced rates of mortality and hospitalizations, and consequently the prevalence of HFrEF has increased, and up to 10% of patients progress to more advanced stages, characterized by high rates of mortality, hospitalizations, and poor quality of life. Advanced HFrEF patients often show persistent or progressive signs of severe HF symptoms corresponding to New York Heart Association class III or IV despite being on optimal medical, surgical, and device therapies. However, a subpopulation of patients with advanced HF, those with the most advanced stages of disease, were often insufficiently represented in the major trials demonstrating efficacy and tolerability of the drugs used in HFrEF due to exclusion criteria such as low BP and kidney dysfunction. Consequently, the results of many landmark trials cannot necessarily be transferred to patients with the most advanced stages of HFrEF. Thus, the efficacy and tolerability of guideline-directed medical therapies in patients with the most advanced stages of HFrEF often remain unsettled, and this knowledge is of crucial importance in the planning and timing of consideration for referral for advanced therapies. This review discusses the evidence regarding the use of contemporary drugs in the advanced HFrEF population, covering components such as guideline HFrEF drugs, diuretics, inotropes, and the use of HFrEF drugs in LVAD recipients, and provides suggestions on how to manage guideline-directed therapy in this patient group.
Carboplatin plus paclitaxel (CP) versus carboplatin plus Stealth liposomal doxorubicin (CLD) in patients with advanced ovarian cancer (AOC): Preliminary safety results of the MITO-2 randomized multicenter trial
Authors: S. Pignata, G. Scambia, A. Savarese, V. Zagonel, V. Gebbia, P. Scollo, R. de Vivo, E. Rossi, M. Di Maio, F. Perrone
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

5014 Background: The MITO-2 (Multicentre Italian Trials in Ovarian cancer) study is a randomized phase III study comparing CP to CLD in 1st-line AOC patients (pts). Due to the lack of published phase II data on the CLD schedule, an early safety analysis had been planned. Methods: Pts with AOC (stage IC-IV), aged ≤75, ECOG PS ≤2, are randomized to CP (carboplatin AUC 5/paclitaxel 175 mg/m2, d1q21) or to CLD (carboplatin AUC 5 + Stealth liposomal doxorubicin 30 mg/m2, d1q21), both treatments for 6 cycles. Primary objective of the trial is progression-free survival. Toxicity is coded according to the NCI-CTC, v2.0 and is reported as percent of pts. Results: A preliminary analysis of safety, planned a priori, was performed as of July 2004 and is reported here. Data were available for 96 pts (49 CP and 47 CLD). Median age (range) was 56 (34–75). PS was 0, 1, 2 in 59, 32, 5 pts, respectively. 49 pts were optimally debulked. In the CLD arm, 87% of the pts completed the 6 cycles (86% with CP). No toxic deaths were recorded in CLD arm (1 toxic death in CP). As for hematological toxicity, G3 anemia was reported in 17% (CP 10%), G3/4 neutropenia in 34%/11% (CP 24%/24%), G3/4 thrombocytopenia in 19%/4% (CP 10%/-). Allergy was reported in 6 CLD pts and in 4 CP pts. Organ toxicity was not frequent with CLD: pulmonary 4% G1, heart rhythm 6% G1, hepatic 6% G1, 4% G2 and 2% G3. Complete hair loss was observed in 4% of pts with CLD and 81% with CP. Neuropathy was G1 in 1 pt with CLD while it was G1 in 33% and G2 in 8% with CP. Palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia was recorded in 15% with CLD (13% G1, 2% G2). Conclusions: A planned safety analysis showed that CLD every 3 weeks is feasible in AOC pts. Safety profile of CLD seems different from CP, with markedly less neurotoxicity and hair loss, and higher incidence of mild skin toxicity. The trial is ongoing; as of December 2nd, 2004, 196 patients have been enrolled. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Correction: Effects of Tobacco Smoking On the Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Janis V. de la Iglesia, Robbert J.C. Slebos, Laura Martin-Gomez, Xuefeng Wang, Jamie K. Teer, Aik Choon Tan, Travis A. Gerke, Garrick Aden-Buie, Tessa van Veen, Jude Masannat, Ritu Chaudhary, Feifei Song, Michelle Fournier, Erin M. Siegel, Matthew B. Schabath, J. Trad Wadsworth, Jimmy Caudell, Louis Harrison, Bruce M. Wenig, Jose Conejo-Garcia, Juan C. Hernandez-Prera, Christine H. Chung
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

In the original version of [this article][1] ([1][2]), Supplementary Table S1 is incorrect. A subset of the whole exome sequencing sample IDs was incorrectly labeled with the RNA-sequencing IDs from the same tumors. Supplementary Table S1 has been replaced with a corrected version in the latest
Milk has something for every body?
Authors: L. M. Hursh
Journal: JAMA (1975)

GENERALLY speaking, milk is an exemplary food, one that offers a wide variety of needed nutrients. Moreover, milk offers them at a reasonable calorie level, with pleasing taste and convenience. But! "Milk has something for<i>every</i>body"? One can really quarrel with the implication that<i>milk</i>is<i>good</i>for<i>every</i>one of us. An earlier milk advertising slogan was even worse: "Every Body Needs Milk!" This simply isn't so—although it is true that all of us need certain amounts of most of the nutrients in milk. However, we do not require the cholesterol in milk since we synthesize cholesterol, and many other foods in our diet contain more cholesterol than milk does. Nor do we need the specific kind of fat in milk, because we eat many foods with similar fat components. Yet milk contains a more versatile array of nutrients than most single foods. Thus, milk is one of
Age Restrictions Are Key to Success for Indoor Tanning Laws
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hepatitis E virus is highly resistant to alcohol-based disinfectants
Authors: Patrick Behrendt, Martina Friesland, Jan-Erik Wißmann, Volker Kinast, Yannick Stahl, Dimas Praditya, Lucas Hueffner, Pia Maria Nörenberg, Birgit Bremer, Benjamin Maasoumy, Jochen Steinmann, Britta Becker, Dajana Paulmann, Florian H.H. Brill, Joerg Steinmann, Rainer G. Ulrich, Yannick Brüggemann, Heiner Wedemeyer, Daniel Todt, Eike Steinmann
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2022)

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide and is mainly transmitted via the fecal-oral route or through consumption of contaminated food products. Due to the lack of efficient cell culture systems for the propagation of HEV, limited data regarding its sensitivity to chemical disinfectants are available. Consequently, preventive and evidence-based hygienic guidelines on HEV disinfection are lacking.We used a robust HEV genotype 3 cell culture model which enables quantification of viral infection of quasi-enveloped and naked HEV particles. For HEV genotype 1 infections, we used the primary isolate Sar55 in a fecal suspension. Standardized quantitative suspension tests using end point dilution and large-volume plating were performed for the determination of virucidal activity of alcohols (1-propanol, 2-propanol, ethanol), WHO disinfectant formulations and 5 different commercial hand disinfectants against HEV. Iodixanol gradients were conducted to elucidate the influence of ethanol on quasi-enveloped viral particles.Naked and quasi-enveloped HEV was resistant to alcohols as well as alcohol-based formulations recommended by the WHO. Of the tested commercial hand disinfectants only 1 product displayed virucidal activity against HEV. This activity could be linked to phosphoric acid as an essential ingredient. Finally, we observed that ethanol and possibly non-active alcohol-based disinfectants disrupt the quasi-envelope structure of HEV particles, while leaving the highly transmissible and infectious naked virions intact.Different alcohols and alcohol-based hand disinfectants were insufficient to eliminate HEV infectivity with the exception of 1 commercial ethanol-based product that included phosphoric acid. These findings have major implications for the development of measures to reduce viral transmission in clinical practice.Hepatitis E virus (HEV) showed a high level of resistance to alcohols and alcohol-based hand disinfectants. The addition of phosphoric acid to alcohol was essential for virucidal activity against HEV. This information should be used to guide improved hygiene measures for the prevention of HEV transmission.
Eosinophilic Esophagitis Is Critically Mediated By IL-13 Signaling Via IL13Ra1
Authors: Shmuel Avlas, Guy Shany, Natalie Rhone, Aviahy Dolitzky, Inbal Hazut, Sharon Grisaru-Tal, Michal Itan, Chen Varol, Adina Ballaban, Mark Rochman, Yael Diesendruck, Limor Nahary, Almog Bitton, Itai Benhar, Marc Rothenberg, Ariel Munitz
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2022)
PROSPECTIVE APPLICATION OF PREDEFINED INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND CRITERIA FOR REVASCULARIZATION OF INTERMEDIATE LEFT MAIN CORONARY ARTERY LESIONS: RESULTS FROM THE MULTICENTERED LITRO STUDY
Authors: Jose M. de la Torre Hernandez, Felipe Hernandez, Fernando Alfonso, Ramon Lopez Palop, Jose R. Rumoroso, Iñigo Lozano, Juan M. Ruiz Nodar, Jose A. Baz, Fina Mauri, Federico Gimeno, Jose Moreu, Antonio Dominguez, Jose G. Galache, Vicki Martin, Ramon Calviño, Francisco Bosa, Armando Perez de Prado, Luis Martinez Elbal, Javier Botas, Jesus Jimenez Mazuecos, Cristobal Urbano, Javier Goicolea, None Grupo de Trabajo Español de Diagnostico Intracoronario
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Androgen Receptor (AR) Signaling Decreases Glutamine Metabolism in Th17 Cells to Decrease House Dust Mite-induced Airway Inflammation
Authors: Nowrin Chowdhury, Jacqueline Cephus, Kelsey Voss, Vivek Gandhi, Stokes Peebles, Jeffrey Rathmell, Dawn Newcomb
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2022)
Direct provocation in children with non-immediate reaction to beta-lactam
Authors: Chayaniss Pachasidchai, Watcharoot Kanchongkittiphon, Wiparat Manuyakorn, Kranjana Chayutimaphan, Wanlapa Jotikastira, Potjanee Kiew-ngam, Adithep Sawatchai
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2022)
Opioid Use Disorder Treatment in the Age of Fentanyl
Authors: Nathaniel P. Morris
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Robotic-assisted Lingual Mucosal Graft Ureteroplasty for the Repair of Complex Ureteral Strictures: Technique Description and the Medium-term Outcome
Authors: Kunlin Yang, Shubo Fan, Jie Wang, Lu Yin, Zhihua Li, Shengwei Xiong, Guanpeng Han, Chang Meng, Peng Zhang, Xuesong Li, Liqun Zhou
Journal: European Urology (2022)
Update: Cholera—Western Hemisphere, 1992
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Five-Year Overall Survival for Patients With Advanced Non‒Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Pembrolizumab: Results From the Phase I KEYNOTE-001 Study
Authors: Edward B. Garon, Matthew D. Hellmann, Naiyer A. Rizvi, Enric Carcereny, Natasha B. Leighl, Myung-Ju Ahn, Joseph Paul Eder, Ani S. Balmanoukian, Charu Aggarwal, Leora Horn, Amita Patnaik, Matthew Gubens, Suresh S. Ramalingam, Enriqueta Felip, Jonathan W. Goldman, Cathie Scalzo, Erin Jensen, Debra A. Kush, Rina Hui
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

Pembrolizumab monotherapy has demonstrated durable antitumor activity in advanced programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1)-expressing non‒small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We report 5-year outcomes from the phase Ib KEYNOTE-001 study. These data provide the longest efficacy and safety follow-up for patients with NSCLC treated with pembrolizumab monotherapy.Eligible patients had confirmed locally advanced/metastatic NSCLC and provided a contemporaneous tumor sample for PD-L1 evaluation by immunohistochemistry using the 22C3 antibody. Patients received intravenous pembrolizumab 2 mg/kg every 3 weeks or 10 mg/kg every 2 or 3 weeks. Investigators assessed response per immune-related response criteria. The primary efficacy end point was objective response rate. Overall survival (OS) and duration of response were secondary end points.We enrolled 101 treatment-naive and 449 previously treated patients. Median follow-up was 60.6 months (range, 51.8 to 77.9 months). At data cutoff-November 5, 2018-450 patients (82%) had died. Median OS was 22.3 months (95% CI, 17.1 to 32.3 months) in treatment-naive patients and 10.5 months (95% CI, 8.6 to 13.2 months) in previously treated patients. Estimated 5-year OS was 23.2% for treatment-naive patients and 15.5% for previously treated patients. In patients with a PD-L1 tumor proportion score of 50% or greater, 5-year OS was 29.6% and 25.0% in treatment-naive and previously treated patients, respectively. Compared with analysis at 3 years, only three new-onset treatment-related grade 3 adverse events occurred (hypertension, glucose intolerance, and hypersensitivity reaction, all resolved). No late-onset grade 4 or 5 treatment-related adverse events occurred.Pembrolizumab monotherapy provided durable antitumor activity and high 5-year OS rates in patients with treatment-naive or previously treated advanced NSCLC. Of note, the 5-year OS rate exceeded 25% among patients with a PD-L1 tumor proportion score of 50% or greater. Pembrolizumab had a tolerable long-term safety profile with little evidence of late-onset or new toxicity.
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes Among Adults Hospitalized with Laboratory-Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 Infection During Periods of B.1.617.2 (Delta) and B.1.1.529 (Omicron) Variant Predominance — One Hospital, California, July 15–September 23, 2021, and December 21, 2021–January 27, 2022
Authors: Matthew E Modes, Michael P. Directo, Michael Melgar, Lily R. Johnson, Haoshu Yang, Priya Chaudhary, Susan Bartolini, Norling Kho, Paul W. Noble, Sharon Isonaka, Peter Chen
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2022)

In mid-December 2021, the B.1.1.529 (Omicron) variant of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, surpassed the B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant as the predominant strain in California.§ Initial reports suggest that the Omicron variant is more transmissible and resistant to vaccine neutralization but causes less severe illness compared with previous variants (1-3). To describe characteristics of patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infection during periods of Delta and Omicron predominance, clinical characteristics and outcomes were retrospectively abstracted from the electronic health records (EHRs) of adults aged ≥18 years with positive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) SARS-CoV-2 test results admitted to one academic hospital in Los Angeles, California, during July 15-September 23, 2021 (Delta predominant period, 339 patients) and December 21, 2021-January 27, 2022 (Omicron predominant period, 737 patients). Compared with patients during the period of Delta predominance, a higher proportion of adults admitted during Omicron predominance had received the final dose in a primary COVID-19 vaccination series (were fully vaccinated) (39.6% versus 25.1%), and fewer received COVID-19-directed therapies. Although fewer required intensive care unit (ICU) admission and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and fewer died while hospitalized during Omicron predominance, there were no significant differences in ICU admission or IMV when stratified by vaccination status. Fewer fully vaccinated Omicron-period patients died while hospitalized (3.4%), compared with Delta-period patients (10.6%). Among Omicron-period patients, vaccination was associated with lower likelihood of ICU admission, and among adults aged ≥65 years, lower likelihood of death while hospitalized. Likelihood of ICU admission and death were lowest among adults who had received a booster dose. Among the first 131 Omicron-period hospitalizations, 19.8% of patients were clinically assessed as admitted for non-COVID-19 conditions. Compared with adults considered likely to have been admitted because of COVID-19, these patients were younger (median age = 38 versus 67 years) and more likely to have received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine (84.6% versus 61.0%). Although 20% of SARS-CoV-2-associated hospitalizations during the period of Omicron predominance might be driven by non-COVID-19 conditions, large numbers of hospitalizations place a strain on health systems. Vaccination, including a booster dose for those who are fully vaccinated, remains critical to minimizing risk for severe health outcomes among adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Radiation Oncology
Authors: Samuel Hellman
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Three important aspects of radiation oncology are potentially important advances in cancer treatment. The first is a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach with important clinical application, the second is progress in the physics of radiation therapy that has clinical ramifications and for which there are recently published clinical results, and the third is an exciting laboratory study that soon will be translated to clinical practice. In an attempt to develop a curative approach to locally advanced prostate cancer, a large cooperative group trial compared radiation therapy alone with radiation therapy and simultaneous androgen deprivation.<sup>1</sup>In this study, patients with lesions too large for surgery but without evidence of distant metastases were randomly allocated to receive radiation therapy or total androgen blockade using a luteinizing hormone—releasing hormone agonist and an antiandrogen combined with radiation therapy. The treatment technique involved giving the hormone blockade for 2 months and then starting the radiation therapy
Allergy Outcomes at 12 months in children born during COVID-19 lockdown : the CORAL study
Authors: Sadhbh Hurley, Ruth Franklin, Marguerite Lawler, Naomi McCallion, John Fitzsimons, Aideen Byrne, Martin White, Liam O'Mahony, Jonathan Hourihane
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2022)
Dietary <i>S. maltophilia</i> induces supersized lipid droplets by enhancing lipogenesis and ER-LD contacts in <i>C. elegans</i>
Authors: Kang Xie, Yangli Liu, Xixia Li, Hong Zhang, Shuyan Zhang, Ho Yi Mak, Pingsheng Liu
Journal: Gut Microbes (2022)

Dietary and symbiotic bacteria can exert powerful influence on metazoan lipid metabolism. Recent studies have emerged that microbiota have a role in animal obesity and related health disorders, but the mechanisms by which bacteria influence lipid storage in their host are unknown. To reduce the complexity of the relationship between gut microbiota and the host, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) has been chosen as a model organism to study interspecies interaction. Here, we demonstrate that feeding C. elegans with an opportunistic pathogenic bacterium Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S. maltophilia) retards growth and promotes excessive neutral lipid storage. Gene expression analysis reveals that dietary S. maltophilia induces a lipogenic transcriptional response that includes the SREBP ortholog SBP-1, and fatty acid desaturases FAT-6 and FAT-7. Live imaging and ultrastructural analysis suggest that excess neutral lipid is stored in greatly expanded lipid droplets (LDs), as a result of enhanced endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-LD interaction. We also report that loss of function mutations in dpy-9 in C. elegans confers resistance to S. maltophilia. Dietary S. maltophilia induces supersized LDs by enhancing lipogenesis and ER-LD contacts in C. elegans. This work delineates a new model for understanding microbial regulation of metazoan physiology.