tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impaired canine coronary vasodilator response to acetylcholine and bradykinin after occlusion-reperfusion.
Authors: J LMehta, W WNichols, W HDonnelly, D LLawson, T GSaldeen
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Previous studies indicate impairment of coronary arterial ring relaxation in response to acetylcholine (ACh) following coronary reperfusion, mediated via loss of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF). To examine if coronary vasodilator reserve is reduced following coronary occlusion-reperfusion in intact animals, 16 open-chest mongrel dogs were subjected to 1 hour of total left circumflex (Cx) coronary artery occlusion followed by reperfusion for 1 hour. Prior to Cx occlusion, coronary blood flow increased and vascular resistance decreased (both p less than or equal to 0.01) in response to ACh and bradykinin (BK). Following reperfusion, increase in Cx coronary flow in response to both vasodilators was significantly (p less than or equal to 0.01) impaired. Myocardial histology showed extensive neutrophil infiltration and capillary plugging by neutrophils in the Cx compared with the left anterior descending coronary artery-supplied myocardium. Myocardial myeloperoxidase activity was also increased in t...
Activation of angiotensinogen and angiotensin-converting enzyme gene expression in the left ventricle of senescent rats.
Authors: CHeymes, BSwynghedauw, BChevalier
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDDuring senescence, the plasma angiotensin II concentration is decreased, but the regulation of intracardiac angiotensin II synthesis has never been investigated. The purpose of this work was to determine the cardiac content of both angiotensinogen (ANG) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) mRNAs in 24-month-old Wistar rats.METHODS AND RESULTSTotal cardiac RNAs and known amounts of ANG and ACE mRNA transcripts, used as standards, were hybridized on slot blots with specific cDNA probes. The quantities of ANG and ACE mRNA were evaluated from the regression lines obtained with fragments of ANG and ACE mRNA in vitro transcripts. With aging, while the overall plasma renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activity decreased, in the left ventricle (LV) the amounts of ANG and ACE mRNAs were increased by fivefold (P < .01) and 2.5-fold (P < .01), respectively, compared with young adult controls. By contrast, in the right ventricle (RV) the same mRNA levels remained unchanged. In parallel, we also found an enha...
Role of prostaglandins in the reversal of one-kidney hypertension in the rabbit.
Authors: J CRomero, C EOtt, J JAguilo, V ETorres, C GStrong
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

Hypertensive rabbits with a clip on the renal artery of their solitary remaining kidney show an abrupt decrease in blood pressure after the arterial constriction is released. Although the mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains controversial, some experimental evidence suggests that it could be humorally mediated. The involvement of prostaglandins was investigated by examining the effect of the release of the arterial constriction on blood pressure, renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate, and urinary output in five conscious single-kidney hypertensive rabbits in which prostaglandin synthesis was blocked with indomethacin (priming intravenous injection of 9 mg/kg followed by a constant infusion of 1 mg/kg hour-1). The results were compared with those obtained in another group of five single-kidney hypertensive rabbits submitted to the same protocol but not treated with indomethacin. The blockade of prostaglandin synthesis with indomethacin prevented the increments in renal blood flow and glomeru...
An analysis of myocardial infarction. The effect of regional changes in contractility.
Authors: D KBogen, ANeedleman, T AMcMahon
Journal: Circulation Research (1984)

In a preceding paper, we employed an initially spherical, modified membrane model of the infarcted ventricle to investigate the relation between ventricular function and both infarct size and infarct stiffness. In the present paper, we have applied the same model to a set of different questions, namely, the consequences of enhanced or depressed inotropic state within the noninfarcted myocardium. When infarcted ventricles containing up to 41% infarction are examined, stroke volume appears to be relatively insensitive to increases in inotropic state. However, stroke volume falls rapidly when inotropic state is depressed below 80% of normal. For the case of a ventricle with a large, weakly contracting segment which is not totally infarcted, stroke volume is impaired only when the contractility of the weak region is diminished below 50% of normal. Finally, the stress concentration around a region of infarction appears to be dependent more strongly on the inotropic state of the noninfarcted tissue than on the ...
Risk Factors for High-Risk Metachronous Lesions During Follow-Up After Colorectal Cancer Resection
Authors: C Gomes, R Pinho, M Sousa, J Rodrigues, Silva JC, E Afecto, J Correia, J Carvalho
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims A high quality perioperative colonoscopy (HQPC) before surgery or within 6 months following colorectal cancer (CRC) resection is recommended according to recent guidelines. Data on the risk factors for high risk metachronous lesions (HRML) after CRC resection are limited and often conflicting. Our aims are to evaluate the impact of a HQPC in the presence of HRML and determine risk factors for HRML.
Molecular Rescue in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: John H. Newman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

In this issue of the Journal, Humbert et al.1 report on a new approach to the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension, particularly the idiopathic and heritable forms of the disease. The treatment, which is given subcutaneously every 3 weeks, is a fusion protein that impairs activation of one limb of the proproliferative transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) pathways. Why would inactivation of a TGF-β pathway be an effective approach? The answer is in the genes. Approximately 70 to 80% of cases of heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension and roughly 20 to 30% of cases of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension are consequences . . .
HERITABILITY OF HUMAN FUNCTIONAL ADAPTABILITY.
Authors: Klissouras
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1973)

Abstract
The use of co-twin analysis in this laboratory has shown that Functional Adaptability (FA) is set by the genotype, although it can be substantially modified by training.

The present experiments are an extension of our earlier work and were conducted to establish quantitatively the heritability of FA in man.

Heritability refers to the proportion of the variation in FA which is attributable to genetic predisposition, while FA refers to the upper limit of adaptional response of the organism to a metabolic stressor, and is characterised by the Maximal Aerobic Power (MAP) and Maximal Anaerobic Capacity (MAC).

One hundred Monozygotic (MZ) and Dizygotic (DZ) twins ran to exhaustion on progressively increasing work loads on the motor driven treadmill, in order to determine their MAP, MAC and maximal cardiac output. Their zygosity was diagnosed on the basis of morphology, dermatoglyphics and blood groups.

The contribution of heritability to FA was disclosed by variance analysis and by the equation: [Formula: see text]

where H = Heritability; 6D2 = variance of FA within DZ twins and 6M2 = variance of FA within MZ twins. Findings were discussed in relation to trainability and specific attributes which limit functional adaptability.
Mechanical stimuli exciting type A atrial vagal receptors in the cat.
Authors: GRecordati, FLombardi, V SBishop, AMalliani
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

The activity of type A right atrial vagal receptors was recorded from the right cervical vagus in cats anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital, immobilized with gallamine, and with their chests open. Nerve impulses initiated by receptor activation were recorded simultaneously with instantaneous right atrial pressure and dimensional changes under various hemodynamic conditions. Atrial volume changes induced by infusion of saline, bleeding, and occlusion of the inferior vena cava did not alter consistently the systolic activity of the receptors. Electrical stimulation of the right stellate ganglion significantly increased the frequency of discharge during systole, whereas electrical stimulation of the left thoracic vagus significantly reduced the frequency of discharge. These inotropic interventions produced similar effects when the heart was paced at a fixed rate. Pacing the right atrial appendage increased the systolic discharge of the receptors only when at high rates the atrium contracted against closed ...
The pathophysiology of failure in acute right ventricular hypertension: hemodynamic and biochemical correlations.
Authors: G JVlahakes, KTurley, J IHoffman
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Acute right ventricular (RV) hypertension and failure occur clinically. In this study we examined the mechanism of RV failure. Adult dogs were studied acutely under anesthesia; dogs were instrumented for measurement of pressures and right coronary artery blood flow. Myocardial blood flow and cardiac output were determined with radionuclide-labeled microspheres, and the presence of ischemia was determined by biochemical analysis of ventricular biopsies. RV hypertension was produced by constricting the pulmonary artery and was increased until RV failure occurred, as evidenced by decreased aortic pressure and cardiac output and increased RV end-diastolic pressure. With increasing RV systolic pressure, RV myocardial blood flow failed to increase in proportion to demand. At the onset of RV failure, there was no reactive hyperemia of right coronary flow compared with control, indicating the absence of further coronary vascular reserve; biochemical analysis demonstrated that the RV free wall was ischemic; the LV...
Creatine promotes cancer metastasis through activation of Smad2/3
Authors: Liwen Zhang, Zijing Zhu, Huiwen Yan, Wen Wang, Zhenzhen Wu, Fei Zhang, Qixiang Zhang, Guizhi Shi, Junfeng Du, Huiyun Cai, Xuanxuan Zhang, David Hsu, Pu Gao, Hai-long Piao, Gang Chen, Pengcheng Bu
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2021)
Synergistic efficacy of the dual PI3K-δ/γ inhibitor duvelisib with the Bcl-2 inhibitor venetoclax in Richter syndrome PDX models
Authors: Andrea Iannello, Nicoletta Vitale, Silvia Coma, Francesca Arruga, Amy Chadburn, Arianna Di Napoli, Carlo Laudanna, John N. Allan, Richard R. Furman, Jonathan A. Pachter, Silvia Deaglio, Tiziana Vaisitti
Journal: Blood (2021)
Antiarrhythmic efficacy and hemodynamic effects of cibenzoline in patients with nonsustained ventricular tachycardia and left ventricular dysfunction.
Authors: A ASeals, RHaider, CLeon, MFrancis, J BYoung, RRoberts, C MPratt
Journal: Circulation (1987)

This was a prospective single-blind, placebo-controlled study of cibenzoline in 21 patients with five or more runs of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) and left ventricular dysfunction (mean left ventricular ejection fraction 36 +/- 24%). Ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring revealed a baseline of 616 +/- 431 runs of VT/day on placebo. Of the 18 patients tolerating the drug, 14 (77%) patients initially had a 75% or greater reduction in VT (177 +/- 164 runs of VT/day, p less than .05). A repeat ambulatory electrocardiogram documented long-term suppression of VT in 13 of 14 patients at 1 month (2.1 +/- 1.3 runs VT/day, p less than .01), in 10 of 14 patients at 3 months (2.5 +/- 1.9 runs VT/day, p less than .01), and in nine of 14 patients at 6 months (1.5 +/- 0.8 runs VT/day, p less than .01). Aggravation of arrhythmia or drug failure was seen in four of 18 (22%) patients (new onset of sudden cardiac death, two patients; sustained VT, two patients). Hemodynamic measurements were obtained with ...
Ventricular beats induce variations in cycle length of rapid (type II) atrial flutter in humans. Evidence of leading circle reentry.
Authors: FRavelli, MDisertori, FCozzi, RAntolini, M AAllessie
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDSlight variation in cycle lengths of common and rapid atrial flutter in humans is an established phenomenon, but its mechanisms have not been completely clarified. In a previous study, we demonstrated that in common atrial flutter the variations in atrial cycle length were due to atrial stretch affecting the revolution time of a reentrant circuit. In the present study, we investigate the nature of atrial cycle length variations in the rapid type of human atrial flutter.METHODS AND RESULTSAtrial interval variations of 17 episodes of rapid atrial flutter in 14 patients were investigated by measuring the sequence of atrial intervals from intraesophageal or intra-atrial leads and the onset of QRS complexes from a surface lead (V1). To study whether interval variation in flutter cycle was related to ventricular activity, a phase plot was constructed in which the flutter cycle length was plotted against the time after the previous QRS complex. This showed that the interval fluctuations were strictly c...
Two-dimensional echocardiography in experimental coronary stenosis. II. Relationship between systolic wall thinning and regional myocardial perfusion in severe coronary stenosis.
Authors: N GPandian, R AKieso, R EKerber
Journal: Circulation (1982)

To determine if there is a quantitative relationship between systolic contraction abnormalities (demonstrated by two-dimensional echocardiography) and reduced myocardial perfusion in a setting of moderate and severe coronary stenosis, we created 70% or 90% reduction in circumflex coronary artery diameter in open-chest dogs. Transient ischemia was induced by superimposing increased myocardial oxygen requirements (i.v. isoproterenol, aortic constriction) in the presence of the stenosis or by decreased coronary perfusion (lowering arterial pressure with i.v. nitroprusside, nitroglycerin, or hemorrhage). Acute systolic wall thinning show by two-dimensional echocardiography or by implanted myocardial sonomicrometers was taken as functional evidence of myocardial ischemia. Myocardial perfusion was determined by radiolabeled microspheres when wall thinning was apparent. Systolic wall thinning could not be induced by these interventions when the degree of coronary stenosis was only 70%. Systolic wall thinning occ...
Dependence of instantaneous transfer function on regional ischemic myocardial volume.
Authors: RHashiguchi, YKoiwa, TOhyama, TTakagi, JKikuchi, J PButler, TTakishima
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

To obtain the instantaneous left ventricular transfer function curve (instantaneous TFC) under conditions of regional ischemia, sinusoidal accelerations ranging from 30 to 150 Hz were applied to a small area of the epicardium of cross-circulated isovolumic canine left ventricle, and the contralateral acceleration was measured under control and during regional coronary occlusion (n = 11). The TFC is the ratio of the output to input acceleration amplitudes. The instantaneous TFC was characterized as a single-peaked configuration under control coronary perfusion. However, TFCs progressively changed from a single-peaked to a double-peaked configuration during regional ischemia. To quantify this change in instantaneous TFC, we defined an index D as the mean squared difference of TFC during ischemia from TFC during control. Index D was linearly related to the percent mass of the ischemic region at 40 minutes after onset of ischemia. We conclude that 1) transfer function curves are sensitive measures of myocardi...
Quantification of platelet retention in aortocoronary femoral vein bypass graft in dogs treated with dipyridamole and aspirin.
Authors: M KDewanjee, MTago, MJosa, VFuster, M PKaye
Journal: Circulation (1984)

Autologous femoral vein segments were implanted as aortocoronary bypass grafts in 50 dogs, 25 of which were treated with dipyridamole and aspirin to inhibit platelet deposition and 25 that were not. Autologous platelets labeled with indium-111 were injected into some dogs 48 hr before they were killed on the first day after surgery; other dogs were injected 24 hr before they were killed (3, 7, 30, and 90 days after surgery). Radioactivity on the grafts and on control specimens of contralateral femoral veins was converted to quantification of platelets adhering to the vessel wall (platelets/cm2). The treated group had fewer graft platelets per square centimeter than the untreated group on postoperative days 3, 7 (p less than .01), and 30 (p less than .05). Graft and control vein platelets per square centimeter were nearly equal by day 90. Comparison of graft and control specimens by scanning electron microscopy nearly equal by day 90. Comparison of graft and control specimens by scanning electron microscop...
Cranial and caudal augulation for coronary angiography revisited.
Authors: T ASos, H ABaltaxe
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Several similar projections utilizing  and  angulation of the X-ray tube in various obliquities have been described recently for coronary angiography and left ventriculography. These views provide improved visualization of the proximal branches of the left coronary artery, the region of the crux of the right coronary artery, and the left ventricle in the left anterior oblique projection; structures which in the conventional projections are often superimposed on one another or are foreshortened. The confusing and conflicting terms--oblique clockwise and anticlockwise table base turn, half-axial, angulated, sit up, caudo-cranial sagittal augulation, cranio-caudal sagittal angulation, and lordotic projections--should be discarded in favor of the terms cranial angulation projection and caudal angulation projection. The appropriate anterior, rather than the posterior obliquity should be used to refer to rotation of the patient, or the X-ray beam around his long axis.
The coronary pressure-flow determinants left ventricular compliance in dogs.
Authors: C OOlsen, D EAttarian, R NJones, R CHill, J DSink, K LLee, A SWechsler
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

Displacement of the left ventricular diastolic pressure-dimension relationship (change in compliance) has been observed with alterations in coronary perfusion pressure. The relative contribution of coronary (myocardial) blood flow, as compared with the perfusion pressure at which flow occurs, was studied in 10 dogs during diastolic relaxation potassium arrest during cardiopulmonary bypass. The normalized left ventricular pressure-dimension relationships, obtained during passive, gradual filling of the left ventricle (0-20 mm Hg) were shifted progressively to the left as coronary perfusion pressure was increased. Myocardial blood flow was 0.06 ml/mg per min +/- 0.02 ml/mg per min (mean +/- SEM) at a coronary perfusion pressure of 40 mm Hg and increased to 0.38 ml/mg per min +/- 0.11 ml/mg per min as the coronary perfusion pressure was raised to 120 mm Hg. Addition of adenosine significantly increased myocardial blood flow by 109% at a coronary perfusion pressure of 80 and by 147% at a coronary perfusion pr...
Endoscopic Palliation Of Malignant Hilar Biliary Strictures: A Single Centre Experience And Usefulness Of Glasgow Prognostic Score
Authors: W On, MA Saleem, VS Hegade, MT Huggett, B Paranandi, S Everett
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims The optimum approach to palliation of malignant hilar biliary strictures (MHBS) is unclear. UK HES data demonstrates 30-day mortality of > 20 % following endoscopic and percutaneous stenting. We aimed to describe outcomes and predictive factors in patients undergoing ERCP and stenting for MHBS in a single tertiary hepatopancreatobiliary centre.
Nonlinearities of the human carotid baroreceptor-cardiac reflex.
Authors: D LEckberg
Journal: Circulation Research (1980)

Carotid baroreceptors of nine healthy young men and women were stretched or compressed with neck suction or pressure, before and after beta-adrenergic and cholinergic blockade, to evaluate several nonlinearities of sinus node baroreflex responses. Sinus node inhibition was related linearly to the intensity of brief baroreceptor stimuli over a range extending from carotid-distending pressures of about 101 +/- 5 (mean +/- SE) to 160 +/- 6 mm Hg (the subject's average systolic pressure was 108 +/- 2 mm Hg). Sinus node response to sustained (5 seconds) neck suction or pressure were strikingly asymmetrical. Responses were abolished by atropine, or by atropine and propranolol. Propranolol alone augmented sinus node responses to both neck suction and pressure. These results suggest that, in normal human subjects, sinus node responses to abrupt alterations of afferent baroreceptor traffic are nonlinear and are mediated by fluctuations of efferent cholinergic activity. Most of the observed nonlinear behavior of th...
TCTAP A-056 Incidence, Predictors and Clinical Outcome of Contrast-induced Nephropathy Among the Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiogram with or without Percutaneous Coronary Intervention within 24 Hours for Acute ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction, Admitted to Cardiology Unit, National Hospital Sri Lanka
Authors: Chamidi Hasani Siriwardane, Gamini Galappaththy, Anidu Pathirana
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Bleeding due to Ligation Ulcers After Esophageal Varices Endoscopic Band Ligation
Authors: V Gamelas, R Saraiva, G Simões, M Silva, J Saiote, P Duarte, F Calinas
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Bleeding due to ligation ulcers (BLU) is a complication of endoscopic band ligation (EBL), performed in patients with portal hypertension (PHT). As it may be associated to a poor prognosis, it is relevant to discriminate which individuals are at higher risk of BLU. Aim: To evaluate the existence of predictors for BLU occurrence.
Prophylactic Pancreatic Stenting in ERC Biliary Cannulation. Effectivity and Stent Duration
Authors: P Stathopoulos, P Astheimer, P Lerner, L Breitling, U Denzer
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims ERCP is the standard procedure for biliary access. In case of initial cannulation of the pancreatic duct a prophylactic pancreatic stent (PPS) declines the rate of post ERC pancreatitis (PEP). We have analyzed frequency, PEP rate and stent duration of PPS in the biliary cannulation of naive papilla in a tertiary care center.
Activation mapping of reentry around an anatomic barrier in the canine atrium. Observations during entrainment and termination.
Authors: P ABoyden, L HFrame, B FHoffman
Journal: Circulation (1989)

We determined total right atrial activation sequences during entrainment and termination of flutter induced in dogs with a surgically induced atrial lesion. This type of atrial flutter is due to circus movement of an impulse around the tricuspid valve orifice. We recorded simultaneously from 96 bipolar intracavity electrodes in the right atrium of the isolated, perfused heart. By constructing isochronal maps, we demonstrated the pattern of atrial activation during atrial pacing protocols that either entrained or entrained and then terminated the reentrant rhythm. We show that during pacing the antidromic wavefront from the paced impulse (An) collides with the orthodromic wavefront from the previous paced impulse (On-1). During entrainment, the site of collision of the orthodromic and antidromic wavefronts was constant during pacing at a fixed rate but shifted in the antidromic direction as the pacing rate increased. Furthermore, the last paced beat was entrained only up to the site of collision of the pre...