tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OTHR-01. SNO 2020 DIVERSITY SURVEY: DEFINING DEMOGRAPHICS, RACIAL BIASES, CAREER SUCCESS METRICS AND A PATH FORWARD FOR THE FIELD OF NEURO-ONCOLOGY
Authors: Ugonma Chukwueke, Elizabeth Vera, Alvina Acquaye, Shawn Hervey-Jumper, Yazmin Odia, Laura Klesse, Erin Dunbar, Akanksha Sharma, Ekokobe Fonkem, Alissa Thomas, Tamra Werbowetski-Ogilvie, Sandra Camelo-Piragua, Na Tosha Gatson, Macarena de la Fuente, Terri Armstrong, Alyx Porter, Sadhana Jackson
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2021)

Abstract BACKGROUND Neuro-oncology has grown tremendously since 2010, marked by increasing society membership, specialized clinical expertise, and new journals. Yet, modest improvement in racial/ethnic diversity amongst clinical trial participants, researchers and clinicians led us to conduct a survey identifying opportunities to enhance diversity and inclusiveness amongst neuro-oncology professionals. METHODS Summer 2020, the Women and Diversity Committee of the Society for Neuro-Oncology (SNO) distributed an anonymous online survey to members and affiliates (European Association of Neuro-Oncology, Asian Society for Neuro-Oncology, Society for Neuro-Oncology Latin America and Society for Neuro-Oncology Sub-Saharan Africa). The survey captured personal and professional characteristics, biases, effective mentorship qualities, career success metrics, and suggested field/society changes. Results were analyzed by geography, profession, age, racial/ethnic and sexual identity. Standard descriptive statistics characterized the study population. RESULTS The 386 respondents were predominantly female (58%) with a median age range of 40-49 years (31%), White (65%), and SNO members (97%). Most worked in North America (77%) in a research profession (67%). A majority of White respondents reported never experiencing biases (64%), while the majority of non-White respondents reported unconscious biases/microaggressions, followed by a lack of/limited mentorship. Qualitative assessments showcased that personal/professional success metrics were linked to needed improvements in diversity and inclusion efforts within the neuro-oncology community. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of racial/ethnic biases and poor mentorship rates amongst underrepresented groups in neuro-oncology is high and potentially linked to the limited diverse representation amongst members and affiliates. These findings warrant a swift implementation of equity and inclusion practices within the neuro-oncology field.
Efficacy and safety of elexacaftor plus tezacaftor plus ivacaftor versus tezacaftor plus ivacaftor in people with cystic fibrosis homozygous for F508del-CFTR: a 24-week, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, active-controlled, phase 3b trial
Authors: Sivagurunathan Sutharsan, Edward F McKone, Damian G Downey, Jamie Duckers, Gordon MacGregor, Elizabeth Tullis, Eva Van Braeckel, Claire E Wainwright, Danie Watson, Neil Ahluwalia, Bote G Bruinsma, Christopher Harris, Anna P Lam, Yiyue Lou, Samuel M Moskowitz, Simon Tian, Jason Yuan, David Waltz, Marcus A Mall, Paul Aurora, Stijn Verhulst, Danie Watson, Michael Lorenz, Jobst Roehmel, Wolfgang Gleiber, Susanne Naehrig, Florian Stehling, Sivagurunathan Sutharsan, Silke van Koningsbruggen-Rietschel, Rainald Fischer, Damian Downey, Charles Haworth, Jamie Duckers, Julian Legg, Peter Barry, Rebecca Thursfield, Simon James Doe, Tom Hilliard, Gordon MacGregor, Edward F Nash, Nicholas John Withers, Daniel Peckham, Helen Louise Barr, Timothy Lee, Robert Gray, Francois Vermeulen, Eva Van Braeckel, Eef Vanderhelst, Philip J Robinson, Claire E Wainwright, Daniel J Smith, Siobhain A Mulrennan, Barry S Clements, Peter Wark
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2021)
Abstract 13228: Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Coverage by Volunteer Citizen Responders and Automated External Defibrillators in Denmark
Authors: Nanna B Christensen, Fredrik Folke, Louise Kollander Jakobsen, Anne J Jørgensen, Julie Kjoelbye, Mads Christian Tofte Gregers, Linn Andelius, Kristian B Ringgren, Christian Torp-Petersen, Carolina Hansen
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: High density of citizen responders (CR) and automated external defibrillators (AEDs) may increase chances for early bystander defibrillation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). We aimed to assess coverage using current CR and AED positions applied on historical OHCAs in Denmark. Methods: Non-EMS witnessed OHCAs from the Danish cardiac arrest registry with known location (2016-2019) and AEDs registered with the Danish AED network (November 2020) were included. Locations of all CRs registered with the national CR program were identified (Wed, December 2, 2020) at 12pm (noon) and 12am (midnight). Since pilot data showed 25% of alerted CRs accepted the alarm, we investigated OHCA CR coverage defined ≥4 CR within &lt;1800m (1969 yd), &lt;500m (547 yd) and &lt;200m (219 yd), and OHCA CR + AED coverage as ≥4 CR and 1 AED &lt;1800m, &lt;500m and &lt;200m. We compared OHCA coverage during daytime and nighttime. Results: A total of 18,128 OHCAs (median age 73 years, 63.4% male) were included. A total of 22,418 AEDs (386/100,000 inhabitants) were available at 12pm, 65% were accessible 24/7. A total of 34,033 CR (586 CR/100,000 inhabitants) were available at 12am and 33,938 were available at12pm. During daytime, a median of 29 AEDs and 37 CRs were &lt;1800m of historical OHCAs. Most OHCAs were covered by CRs and AEDs &lt;1800m decreasing with shorter distances with little difference according to time of day (Figure 1). Conclusion: Following the implementation of a nationwide AED network and a citizen responder program, most historical OHCAs (85%) were &lt; 1800m of CRs and AEDs at midnight with a slight decrease during daytime (82%). A decrease in CR and AED coverage were observed for 500m (59%) and 200 m (14%), with little difference according to time of day. During daytime a median of 29 AEDs and 37 CRs were &lt; 1800m of historical OHCAs. Our results indicate successful implementation of a national AED registry and CR program with great potential for improving bystander defibrillation.
Corrigendum to: Enhanced brain delivery and therapeutic activity of trastuzumab after blood-brain barrier opening by NEO100 in mouse models of brain-metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Weijun Wang, Haiping He, Nagore I Marín-Ramos, Shan Zeng, Steven D Swenson, Hee-Yeon Cho, Jie Fu, Paul M Beringer, Josh Neman, Ligang Chen, Axel H Schönthal, Thomas C Chen
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2021)
Bacteriostatic antibiotics promote CRISPR-Cas adaptive immunity by enabling increased spacer acquisition
Authors: Tatiana Dimitriu, Elena Kurilovich, Urszula Łapińska, Konstantin Severinov, Stefano Pagliara, Mark D. Szczelkun, Edze R. Westra
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2021)

Phages impose strong selection on bacteria to evolve resistance against viral predation. Bacteria can rapidly evolve phage resistance via receptor mutation or using their CRISPR-Cas adaptive immune systems. Acquisition of CRISPR immunity relies on the insertion of a phage-derived sequence into CRISPR arrays in the bacterial genome. Using Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its phage DMS3vir as a model, we demonstrate that conditions that reduce bacterial growth rates, such as exposure to bacteriostatic antibiotics (which inhibit cell growth without killing), promote the evolution of CRISPR immunity. We demonstrate that this is due to slower phage development under these conditions, which provides more time for cells to acquire phage-derived sequences and mount an immune response. Our data reveal that the speed of phage development is a key determinant of the evolution of CRISPR immunity and suggest that use of bacteriostatic antibiotics can trigger elevated levels of CRISPR immunity in human-associated and natural environments.
A nationwide population-based study of Escherichia coli bloodstream infections: incidence, antimicrobial resistance and mortality
Authors: Sarah F. Feldman, Elizabeth Temkin, Liat Wullfhart, Amir Nutman, Vered Schechner, Pnina Shitrit, Racheli Shvartz, Mitchell J. Schwaber, Antoine Andremont, Yehuda Carmeli
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2021)
Perinatal Outcomes After Statin Exposure During Pregnancy
Authors: Jui-Chun Chang, Yen-Ju Chen, I-Chieh Chen, Wei-Szu Lin, Yi-Ming Chen, Ching-Heng Lin
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

<h3>Importance</h3> Statins are the drug class most commonly used to treat hyperlipidemia. Recently, they have been used during pregnancy for the prevention or treatment of preeclampsia. However, the safety of statin use during pregnancy has been questioned, and the sample sizes of most previous studies have been small. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine the perinatal outcomes among offspring associated with maternal use of statins during pregnancy. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This retrospective cohort study included 1 443 657 pregnant women 18 years of age or older with their first infant born during the period from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2014. Data for this study were taken from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Statistical analysis was performed from April 7, 2020, to July 31, 2021. <h3>Exposures</h3> Maternal statin use during pregnancy. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Women who have received a diagnosis of hyperlipidemia before pregnancy and who were receiving prescription statins during pregnancy were the statin-exposed group. Data on congenital anomalies, birth weight, gestational age, preterm birth, low birth weight, very low birth weight, fetal distress, and Apgar score were compared between participants with and partcipants without statin exposure during pregnancy. Risk ratios (RRs) were calculated by multivariable analyses using Poisson regression models to adjust for potential confounders. Subgroup analysis was performed to compare offspring of women who used statins for more than 3 months prior to pregnancy and maintained or stopped statin use after pregnancy. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 469 women (mean [SD] age, 32.6 [5.4] years; mean [SD] gestational age, 38.4 [1.6] weeks) who used statins during pregnancy and 4690 age-matched controls (mean [SD] age, 32.0 [4.9] years; mean [SD] gestational age, 37.3 [2.4] weeks) with no statin exposure during pregnancy were enrolled. After controlling for maternal comorbidities and age, low birth weight was more common among offspring in the statin-exposed group (RR, 1.51 [95% CI, 1.05-2.16]), with a greater chance of preterm birth (RR, 1.99 [95% CI, 1.46-2.71]), and a lower 1-minute Apgar score (RR, 1.83 [95% CI, 1.04-3.20]). Congenital anomalies were not associated with statin exposure during pregnancy. In addition, multivariable analysis showed that there was no association between statin use for periconceptual hyperlipidemia and adverse perinatal outcomes among women who had used statins prior to pregnancy. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> This study suggests that statins may be safe when used during pregnancy because there was no association with congenital anomalies, but caution is needed because of an increased risk of low birth weight and preterm labor. The data also suggest that statins could be safely used during pregnancy for women with long-term use of statins before pregnancy.
Abstract 17237: A Pair Of Diaphragm-Crossed Organs: A Pancreatico-Pericardial Fistula
Authors: Mary Pelling, Lena Chu, Krishan J Patel, Amalia Aldredge, Matthew T Brown
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: Pseudocysts are a known complication of chronic pancreatitis, occurring in 30-40% of patients. They form when disruption of the pancreatic duct system creates fluid-filled pockets with high concentrations of digestive enzymes. Leakage of these enzymes can create pancreatic fistulas. Here, we present a case of an unusual fistula that occurred in an immunocompromised individual. Case Description: A 34-year-old man with a history of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, alcohol use disorder, and chronic pancreatitis who had recently recovered from acute pancreatitis complicated by pericardial effusion was readmitted with worsening pleuritic chest pain and shortness of breath. He was hemodynamically stable with a normal cardiopulmonary exam without jugular venous distention or pulsus paradoxus. Labs were at his baseline other than an elevated d-dimer level. Computed tomography scan revealed a large, loculated pericardial effusion with a fistula extending through the diaphragm to a large peripancreatic pseudocyst. Gastroenterology performed pancreatic ductal stenting via endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and Interventional Radiology placed a percutaneous drainage catheter to facilitate resolution of the pseudocyst. Discussion: A pancreatico-pericardial fistula is a very rare complication of chronic pancreatitis. A 2016 review detailed only fifteen cases over a 40-year span with surgical management providing the best outcomes. Given this patient’s immunocompromise and malnutrition surgery was not offered, but endoscopic stenting and percutaneous drainage allowed for successful resolution of his fistula.
Impact of Human Leukocyte Antigen Epitope Matching on Outcomes after Unrelated Bone Marrow Transplantation
Authors: Makoto Iwasaki, Junya Kanda, Hidenori Tanaka, Takero Shindo, Noriko Doki, Takahiro Fukuda, Yukiyasu Ozawa, Tetsuya Eto, Naoyuki Uchida, Yuta Katayama, Keisuke Kataoka, Makoto Onizuka, Yoshinobu Kanda, Tatsuo Ichinohe, Yoshiko Atsuta, Satoko Morishima
Journal: Blood (2021)
Peculiarities of the relationship between aggressive and protective factors of the gastric mucosa in patients with esophagogastroduodenal pathology with impaired adaptive potential and autonomic homeostasis (according to PRECISE-diagnostics)
Authors: B.F. Shevchenko, N.V. Prolom, E.V. Zyhalo, A.I. Rudenko, L.V. Demeshkina, R.M. Kyslova
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2021)

Background. An imbalance of interaction between the sympathetic and parasympathetic links of the autonomic nervous system leads to autonomic dysregulation of the heart rate resulting in insufficient stress resistance, impaired adaptation and depletion of the protective mechanisms of the gastric mucosa. Therefore, the purpose of our research was to study adaptive potential of the body depending on the aggressive and protective factors of the gastric juice. Materials and methods. Seventy-one patients with esophagogastroduodenal pathology were examined using the method of PRECISE-diagnostics. The level of pH, pepsin, glycoproteins, fucose and sialic acids in the gastric contents was determined. The patients were divided into 3 representative groups: I— 30 individuals with hiatal hernia; II— 20 patients with achalasia cardia; III— 21 people with duodenal ulcer disease complicated by stenosis. Results. An imbalance of sympathetic and parasympathetic links of autonomic system was detected in 85.2% of patients. The sympathetic mechanisms dominated in 71.3% of cases. At the same time, most patients with achalasia cardia had vagotonia. The adaptive and compensatory mechanisms were identified after studying the relationship between the aggressive and protective factors of the gastric mucosa. When analyzing the correlation of aggressive and protective factors of gastric juice, the following adaptive and compensatory options were revealed: 1) hyperreactive, with simultaneous increase in the factors of both aggression and protection; 2)compensatory (an increase in the level of aggressive factors against the background of normal protective indicators); 3) decompensatory (an increase in the level of aggressive factors simultaneously with a decrease in protective factors). Conclusions. The adaptive potential of the body in 85.2% of surgical patients, mostly those with hiatal hernia and achalasia cardia, according to PRECISE-diagnostics was defined as reduced, in the form of impaired adaptation in decompensatory type of the relationship between aggressive and protective factors of gastric juice.
Safety and efficacy of the tumor-selective adenovirus enadenotucirev with or without paclitaxel in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer: a phase 1 clinical trial
Authors: Victor Moreno, Maria-Pilar Barretina-Ginesta, Jesús García-Donas, Gordon C Jayson, Patricia Roxburgh, Raúl Márquez Vázquez, Agnieszka Michael, Antonio Antón-Torres, Richard Brown, David Krige, Brian Champion, Iain McNeish
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2021)

Background Treatment outcomes remain poor in recurrent platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. Enadenotucirev, a tumor-selective and blood stable adenoviral vector, has demonstrated a manageable safety profile in phase 1 studies in epithelial solid tumors. Methods We conducted a multicenter, open-label, phase 1 dose-escalation and dose-expansion study (OCTAVE) to assess enadenotucirev plus paclitaxel in patients with platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer. During phase 1a, the maximum tolerated dose of intraperitoneally administered enadenotucirev monotherapy (three doses; days 1, 8 and 15) was assessed using a 3+3 dose-escalation model. Phase 1b included a dose-escalation and an intravenous dosing dose-expansion phase assessing enadenotucirev plus paclitaxel. For phase 1a/b, the primary objective was to determine the maximum tolerated dose of enadenotucirev (with paclitaxel in phase 1b). In the dose-expansion phase, the primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Additional endpoints included response rate and T-cell infiltration. Results Overall, 38 heavily pretreated patients were enrolled and treated. No dose-limiting toxicities were observed at any doses. However, frequent catheter complications led to the discontinuation of intraperitoneal dosing during phase 1b. Intravenous enadenotucirev (1×10 12 viral particles; days 1, 3 and 5 every 28-days for two cycles) plus paclitaxel (80 mg/m 2 ; days 9, 16 and 23 of each cycle) was thus selected for dose-expansion. Overall, 24/38 (63%) patients experienced at least 1 Grade ≥3 treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE); most frequently neutropenia (21%). Six patients discontinued treatment due to TEAEs, including one patient due to a grade 2 treatment-emergent serious AE of catheter site infection (intraperitoneal enadenotucirev monotherapy). Among the 20 patients who received intravenous enadenotucirev plus paclitaxel, 4-month PFS rate was 64% (median 6.2 months), objective response rate was 10%, 35% of patients achieved stable disease and 65% of patients had a reduction in target lesion burden at ≥1 time point. Five out of six patients with matched pre-treatment and post-treatment biopsies treated with intravenous enadenotucirev plus paclitaxel had increased (mean 3.1-fold) infiltration of CD8 +T cells in post-treatment biopsies. Conclusions Intravenously dosed enadenotucirev plus paclitaxel demonstrated manageable tolerability, an encouraging median PFS and increased tumor immune-cell infiltration in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. Trial registration number NCT02028117 .
Mass Incarceration and Inmate Mortality in the United States—Death by Design?
Authors: Bryan L. Sykes, Ernest Chavez, Justin Strong
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

Donna A. Ruch, PhD; Danielle L. Steelesmith, PhD; Guy Brock, PhD; Samantha J. Boch, PhD, RN; Camille R. Quinn, PhD; Jeffrey A. Bridge, PhD; John V. Campo, MD; Cynthia A. Fontanella, PhD
33P Relation of T-cell infiltration and PD-L1 expression with IDH and MGMT status in gliomas: Prognostic value and role for immunotherapy development
Authors: S. Cabezas-Camarero, V. Garcia-Barberan, I. Casado-Fariñas, R. Pérez-Alfayate, I. Lopez Cade, J. Tejerina-Peces, P. Perez-Segura
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
American Journal of Pathology, New York
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Bispecific T-Cell Engager Antibodies in Multiple Myeloma- a Systematic Review of Phase 1 Clinical Trials
Authors: Laila Hashim, Muhammad Salman Faisal, Muhammad Areeb Iqbal, Hassan Saeed, Yazan Samhouri, Moazzam Shahzad, Zoia Ehsan Khattak, Faiz Anwer
Journal: Blood (2021)
Abstract 9873: Comparing Base Locations for Drone-Delivered Defibrillators
Authors: K.H. Benjamin Leung, Rahaf Al Assil, Brian Grunau, Jonathan Deakin, Sheldon Cheskes, Jim Christenson, Timothy Chan
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: Drone-delivered defibrillators may improve response for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Prior studies have assumed that drones may be stationed at any police, fire, or paramedic station; however, cross-service implementation may not be logistically feasible. We sought to compare estimated response times by drone base location type. Methods: We included OHCAs (Jan. 2014 to Dec. 2020) in southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada where OHCA response includes fire and paramedic services. We created four models with candidate drone base locations at: police stations, fire stations, paramedic stations, and on a grid with 1 km sides as an optimistic model. We used mathematical optimization to select 1-5 drone bases for each model. Assuming a drone system had been in place during the study period and accounting for drone availability, we estimated 9-1-1 call-to-defibrillator intervals (measured to either drone, paramedic, or fire arrival) and calculated the proportion of OHCAs where a drone would arrive prior to fire and paramedic for each model. Median response times were compared to historical response using one-sided sign tests. Results: We included 1,610 OHCAs with a median historical response time of 6.4 mins (IQR 5.0-8.6). We identified 21 police stations, 59 fire stations, 21 paramedic stations, and 7,008 grid locations in the study area. Median 9-1-1 call-to-defibrillator intervals ranged from 4.3-5.3 mins for police, 4.3-5.3 mins for fire, 4.5-5.4 mins for paramedic, and 4.2-5.4 mins for grid locations (all P&lt;0.001). Drones arrived prior to fire and paramedics in 36.6-65.4% of cases for police, 38.1-66.2% for fire, 37.3-63.2% for paramedic, and 35.7-66.8% for grid locations. Conclusion: Locating drone bases at different types of emergency service stations significantly decreases 9-1-1 call-to-defibrillator intervals, while resulting in similar response intervals to those achieved using optimistic grid-optimal locations.
83P Association of lung immune prognostic index (LIPI) with progression-free survival (PFS) in soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) patients treated with immunotherapy (IO) in early phase trials
Authors: E. Nassif, A. Le Cesne, C. Massard, L. Mezquita, M. Roulleaux Dugage, R. Bahleda, A. Dufresne, M. Brahmi, I. Ray-Coquard, P. Pautier, A. Leary, A. Levy, C. Le Pechoux, C. Honoré, O. Mir, B. Besse, J-Y. Blay, E. Auclin
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
48MO SQZ-PBMC-HPV-101: Preliminary results of a first-in-human, dose-escalation study of a cell-based vaccine in HLA A*02+ patients with recurrent, locally advanced, or metastatic HPV16+ solid tumors
Authors: J-C. Park, J.C. Baranda, M.M. Mita, W.T. Iams, M.S. Gordon, M. Taylor, N. Dhani, S.M. Loughhead, R-R. Ji, R.F. Zwirtes, M. Kornacker, O. Rosen, H. Bernstein, A. Jimeno
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)