tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Authors’ correction for Euro Surveill. 2018;23(33)
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2021)

© This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Closure This is a corrected article applying to the following content: Hepatitis A outbreak disproportionately affecting men who have sex with men (MSM) in the European Union and European Economic Area, June 2016 to May 2017
Focused ultrasound activates voltage-gated calcium channels through depolarizing TRPC1 sodium currents in kidney and skeletal muscle
Authors: Scott R. Burks, Rebecca M. Lorsung, Matthew E. Nagle, Tsang-Wei Tu, Joseph A. Frank
Journal: Theranostics (2022)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7150/thno.33876.].
If exercise is medicine, why don’t we know the dose? An overview of systematic reviews assessing reporting quality of exercise interventions in health and disease
Authors: Harrison J Hansford, Michael A Wewege, Aidan G Cashin, Amanda D Hagstrom, Briana K Clifford, James H McAuley, Matthew D Jones
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2022)

Objective To determine how well exercise interventions are reported in trials in health and disease. Design Overview of systematic reviews. Data sources PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus and PsycINFO from inception until June 2021. Eligibility criteria Reviews of any health condition were included if they primarily assessed quality of exercise intervention reporting using the Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template (CERT) or the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR). We assessed review quality using a modified version of A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews. Results We identified 7804 studies and included 28 systematic reviews. The median (IQR) percentage of CERT and TIDieR items appropriately reported was 24% (19%) and 49% (33%), respectively. TIDieR items 1, Brief name (median=100%, IQR 4) and 2, Why (median=98%, IQR 6), as well as CERT item 4, Supervision and delivery (median=68%, IQR 89), were the best reported. For replication of exercise interventions, TIDieR item 8, When and how much, was moderately well reported (median=62%, IQR 68) although CERT item 8, Description of each exercise to enable replication (median=23%, IQR 44) and item 13, Detailed description of the exercise intervention (median=24%, IQR 66) were poorly reported. Quality of systematic reviews ranged from moderate to critically low quality. Conclusion Exercise interventions are poorly reported across a range of health conditions. If exercise is medicine, then how it is prescribed and delivered is unclear, potentially limiting its translation from research to practice. PROSPERO registration number CRD42021261285; Open Science Framework: osf.io/my3ec/.
Haemophilia
Authors: J. V. Dacie
Journal: BMJ (1952)

Haemophilia is one of the best known of all the hereditary diseases, and, although not a very common affliction, it remains a major problem to the medical profession and a life-long burden to the sufferer.This article briefly presents the current views on the nature of the disease, its diagnosis and treatment, and the out- look for the haemophilic patient.
Rewriting. Make it shorter
Authors: C. G. Roland
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Most authors, particularly those with little experience, use too many words. And most factual writing gains clarity by being shortened. This shortening becomes a large part of the much neglected task of revision, a task which seems necessary to produce truly skillful, effective writing. Garland<sup>1</sup>has suggested—at least partly seriously —that "... one reason why ancient writings are to the point is that it took a vast labor to scratch them out in wet clay with a stylus and then bake the clay, or to chisel them into the everlasting rock, or to mess around with papyrus and a paint brush." In those days rewriting would have been technologically undesirable. Today no writer has a comparable excuse for failing to revise his work. Every primer, every lecturer, every article about writing urges the writer to revise often, and most better-than-average writers join this chorus. However, exceptions exist; the noted historian,
The associated burden of mental health conditions in alopecia areata: a population‐based study in <scp>UK</scp> primary care*
Authors: Abby E. Macbeth, Susan Holmes, Matthew Harries, Wing Sin Chiu, Christos Tziotzios, Simon de Lusignan, Andrew G. Messenger, Andrew R. Thompson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2022)

Alopecia areata (AA) is a common cause of nonscarring hair loss that can have a profound psychological impact.To assess the co-occurrence of depression and anxiety in adults with AA compared with the general population, and to evaluate the mental health treatment burden and impact on time off work and unemployment.In total, 5435 people with newly diagnosed AA in UK primary care were identified from the Oxford Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre network database, and matched to 21 740 controls. In cases and controls, we compared the prevalence and incidence of depressive episodes, recurrent depressive disorder and anxiety disorder, rates of time off work and unemployment, and, in those with pre-existing mental health conditions, rates of mental health-related prescribing and referral rates. This observational was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04239521).Depression and anxiety were more prevalent in people diagnosed with AA than in controls (P < 0·001). People with AA were also more likely to subsequently develop new-onset depression and anxiety: adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for recurrent depressive disorder 1·38 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1·13-1·69], depressive episodes aHR 1·30 (95% CI 1·04-1·62) and anxiety disorder aHR 1·33 (95% CI 1·09-1·63); to be issued time off work certificates (aHR 1·56, 95% CI 1·43-1·71); and to be recorded as unemployed (aHR 1·82, 95% CI 1·33-2·49). Higher rates of antidepressant prescribing were also seen in people with AA.People with AA have higher rates of depression and anxiety than those without AA. This impacts deleteriously on mental health treatment burden, time off work and unemployment. Evidence-based mental health treatment programmes are needed for people with AA.
A low molecular weight multifunctional theranostic molecule for the treatment of prostate cancer
Authors: Xinning Wang, Rongcan Sun, Jing Wang, Jing Li, Ethan Walker, Aditi Shirke, Gopolakrishnan Ramamurthy, Lingpeng Shan, Dong Luo, Lauren Carmon, James P. Basilion
Journal: Theranostics (2022)

Rationale: Although surgery and radiation therapy in patients with low risk prostate cancer appear appropriate and effective, those with high-risk localized disease almost always become hormone refractory and then rapidly progress.A new treatment strategy is urgently needed for patients with high-risk localized prostate cancer, particularly an approach that combines two drugs with different mechanisms.Combinations of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and chemotherapy have shown synergistic effects in clinical trials, but are limited by off-target toxicity.Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a well-established biomarker for prostate cancer.Here we describe the use of a PSMA ligand to selectively and simultaneously deliver a potent microtubule inhibiting agent, monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), and a PDT agent, IR700, to prostate cancers.Methods: Using a bifunctional PSMA ligand PSMA-1-Cys-C6-Lys, we created a novel theranostic molecule PSMA-1-MMAE-IR700.The molecule was tested in vitro and in vivo for selectivity and antitumor activity studies.Results: PSMA-1-MMAE-IR700 showed selective and specific uptake in PSMA-positive PC3pip cells, but not in PSMA-negative PC3flu cells both in vitro and in vivo.In in vitro cytotoxicity studies, when exposed to 690 nm light, PSMA-1-MMAE-IR700 demonstrated a synergistic effect leading to greater cytotoxicity for PC3pip cells when compared to PSMA-1-IR700 with light irradiation or PSMA-1-MMAE-IR700 without light irradiation.In vivo antitumor activity studies further showed that PSMA-1-MMAE-IR700 with light irradiation significantly inhibited PC3pip tumor growth and prolonged survival time as compared to mice receiving an equimolar amount of PSMA-1-IR700 with light irradiation or PSMA-1-IR700-MMAE without light irradiation. Conclusion:We have synthesized a new multifunctional theranostic molecule that combines imaging, chemotherapy, and PDT for therapy against PSMA-expressing cancer tissues.This work may provide a new treatment option for advanced prostate cancer.
Abstract 17041: Increased Transvalvular Gradients Precede Clinical Diagnosis of Bioprosthetic Valve Thrombosis
Authors: Filip Ionescu, Ioana Petrescu, Vuyisile T Nkomo, Patricia A Pellikka, Heidi M Connolly, Sorin V Pislaru, Alexander C Egbe
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Bioprosthetic valve thrombosis (BPVT) is increasingly being recognized as a cause of prosthetic valve dysfunction within the first years after surgical implantation. However, in the absence of changes in clinical status, current guidelines recommend cardiac imaging only after 10 years post bioprosthetic valve implantation . Hypothesis: We hypothesized that an increase in prosthetic valve gradient is detectable months before a formal diagnosis of symptomatic BPVT. Methods: Eighty-three patients diagnosed with BPVT and treated medically at our institution between 2002 and 2017 were retrospectively identified. Transvalvular gradients recorded on TTE immediately post implantation, at time of clinical BPVT diagnosis, and within a 12-month period prior to BPVT diagnosis were available in 45 patients: 18 for the aortic position, 11 for mitral, and 16 for tricuspid. When more than one study was conducted in the 12 months’ timeframe, the latest value was used in the analysis. Data are reported as mean (95% CI). Results: For all valve positions, an increased gradient was detectable within 12 months prior to formal BPVT diagnosis: mean increase vs. baseline of 17 (10-23) mmHg, p &lt; 0.0001 for aortic prostheses; 5 (2-8) mmHg, p = 0.004 for mitral prostheses, and 2 mm Hg (1-3) mmHg, p = 0.003 for tricuspid prostheses. The figure presents the evolution of prosthetic valve gradients (normalized to the baseline, immediately post-implantation value) in patients with aortic (left), mitral (middle), and tricuspid (right) valve . Conclusions: Elevated gradients precede formal clinical diagnosis of BPVT. Closer monitoring of transvalvular gradients may prove useful for BPVT diagnosis before patients become symptomatic. With recent evidence supporting the efficacy of anticoagulant therapy in BPVT, earlier diagnosis may lead to an increased rate of response and better clinical outcomes.
PYORRHOEA ALVEOLARIS
Authors: H. Humphreys
Journal: BMJ (1929)

THF. object of tle following remarks is to briing into focus suc( 11knowledge as we h1ave on1 tle subject of pyorrhoea, some imlptllaortlIt ad(llitions-to whichl have beeni made in the last vear or two.Tile inaccurate anid -aglle nlature of its title is perhaps justified partly by the hlack of certainity that shirotdls its pathologv, par-tly by its veryl general uise, alid I slhall not devote time to a descr-iptioni of its signlls- anid symptoms. 1shiall deal onl-with tlhe condlitionimost uisualhi-Iulner.stoodby " pYorrh1;ea alveola-ris," the special features of whiclh al-e its generlal dist-ibution over the molltlh and its extlreme clhr'onlicity.This limitatiol will exclude frolln my15 p)ulrviewl-, Onl tle olle hallid, localized con- (ltioll.ssSllcl as tlle giligivitis, so often seeCn Ioun1d tle fl-ont teetl ini mouti-blrealtlers, 111u1 inflanmmation due to' local injury, suieh as tootil restorations, dentu-es, anidi orthilodontic treatmen-t; aiid, on thle othel' rlaid, the acuite general conditions s1(1c as ima-h)e caused by tle clhemical poisonS mercilry, phosplhoruis, aiu(i iodinie, anid special infec- tiolls like tilose tilat produce ullcerative stonlatitis, trench gums," etc.We alrc left wi-itli ai con-ditioni wlicil, tliouglh t:he clintical pictum e var ies fr oli calse to case, lias as its lowvest comilmon deiofilloator a p)roglessive loss of the toothI-sulp)poitillg strlctures-, chai racter-izecl by tlhe two features alread)-nmentioied general disti-ibutioni and extieln1e cilronicitx-.PATHOLOGY.Perlhaps the most importanit fact in its pathology-which -r think we ma-niow safely regard as establislied-is a niogative onie: that is, that nlo specific olrganisim plavs tlle P)al-t of ca nsa caiisans.It is niow pretty genier ally accepted that tie organiisms pireseint are those nion-specific gelms n-ormally to be found ill the mouth, genelrally streptococci and staphlylococci, solnetillies spiroclhaetes anld fusiform-1 bacilli.On1e quialificationi sliolild perhaps be added.Tlle formiationl * A post-gradllltrlcettire delivered in Birmingham on Novetnber 8th, 1928.disclharge of some sor-t can generally be expressed from them, but tllis is not n-oirmally pus, but the so-called materia alba, and consists ch iefly of food debris and masses of putrefactive organisms.
Beyond the end: a cholangioscope in the appendix – a new tool for the management of acute appendicitis?
Authors: Marion Schaefer
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

As endoscopy fellows, each of us has been taught that the identification of the appendiceal orifice is the goal of colonoscope progression, ensuring examination of the entire colon. In this issue of Endoscopy, Kong et al. push the boundaries and propose examination of the appendiceal lumen with a single-operator cholangioscope (SOC) to provide tailored endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy (ERAT) [1]. This new application of an SOC is adapted from the fluoroscopic-guided ERAT technique, a minimally invasive treatment first described in 2012 [2].
Diabetes and Myocardial Fibrosis
Authors: Dante B. Salvador, Magda R. Gamba, Nathalia Gonzalez-Jaramillo, Valentina Gonzalez-Jaramillo, Peter Francis N. Raguindin, Beatrice Minder, Christoph Gräni, Matthias Wilhelm, Christoph Stettler, Alessandro Doria, Oscar H. Franco, Taulant Muka, Arjola Bano
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2022)
Surgery
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Autopsy. A comprehensive review of current issues. Council on Scientific Affairs
Journal: JAMA (1987)

This report reviews the effects of decreased utilization of autopsy (less than 15% in 1985) on medical education and research, quality assurance programs, insurance claims processing, and cost containment. Recommendations to promote change include the innovative integration of postmortem examinations with new technology for education and research and the promotion of standards of accreditation of programs that include autopsy for graduate and undergraduate medical education. The use of autopsy to assess technological methods of diagnosis seems to be a reasonable expectation. Methods of reimbursement to validate autopsy as a medical act should be sought, and voluntary and government regulation to assure the role of autopsy in quality assurance programs is suggested.
Narcotic analgesics.
Authors: A W Fowler
Journal: BMJ (1970)

SIR,-Little seems to have been said about the position of the medical assistant if the Government's decisions on the Review Body's report take effect.A medical assistant must have spent at least two years as a registrar before appointment, and many will have been senior registrars.Yet it is now proposed that he should start at C2,415 when a second year registrar gets £2,472, a 3rd year registrar C2,616, and a first year senior registrar £2,760.Not only does a medical assistant give the benefit of more experience and takes less time off for study than the junior doctor but now he is to get substantially less pay for doing it.If the consultants' pay position demands action how much more does that of the medical assistant-and yet I have not even heard it mentioned.-Iam, etc.,
Memorandum (No. 1) on Acute Pneumonia, Especially with Regard to its Etiology and Epidemic Prevalence. By Octavius Sturges, M.D., and Sidney Coupland, M.D.
Journal: JAMA (1883)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Association of changes in albumin levels with survival and toxicities in patients (pts) with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) receiving enfortumab vedotin (EV).
Authors: Talal El Zarif, Irbaz Bin Riaz, Elio Adib, Dory Freeman, Ikenna C. Madueke, Matthew Davidsohn, Heather McClure, Pier Vitale Nuzzo, Bradley Alexander McGregor, Charlene Mantia, Praful Ravi, Guru P. Sonpavde
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

481 Background: EV is an anti-Nectin-4 antibody-drug conjugate that has been approved by the US FDA for mUC progressing on platinum and PD1/L1 inhibitor therapy and in cisplatin-ineligible pts following prior therapy. However, prognostic and predictive biomarkers in the setting of EV therapy are unclear. We aimed to investigate baseline and early changes in commonly available clinical and laboratory tests that could help predict survival and toxicities in patients with mUC treated with EV. Methods: Data from patients with mUC who were treated with EV at Dana Farber Cancer Institute between 2017 and 2021 were reviewed retrospectively. We assessed the association of demographic (age, sex), clinical (ECOG-performance status [PS], sites of metastasis) and laboratory variables (hemoglobin, RDW, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet count and serum albumin) at baseline as well as after 4-7 weeks of treatment with Overall Survival (OS) by constructing univariate and multivariable Cox proportional-hazards models. Any variables significantly associated with OS at the univariate level (using an alpha-level of 0.1 to determine statistical significance) were then entered into the multivariable model. Predictors were eliminated from the final multivariable models by a backward selection process, retaining only those with a p-value of ≤ 0.05. Results: A total of 49 patients who received EV were included in the analysis. The median age was 72 years (range 48-88) and 36 (73.5%) were male. The median OS was 13.3 months (range: 2.7-38.7) and grade 3-4 toxicities were seen in 11 pts (22.4%). In the final multivariable models, lower serum albumin at 4-7 weeks (HR = 0.18; 95% CI = 0.05-0.71; p = 0.015), and baseline ECOG-PS of 1 vs. 0 (HR = 2.56; 95% CI = 1.05-6.21; p = 0.038) were significantly associated with worse OS (Table). Patients with higher serum albumin levels at 4-7 weeks also had significantly lower odds of experiencing grade 3-4 adverse events on EV (OR = 0.05; 95% CI = 0.002-0.52; p = 0.02). Conclusions: Lower serum albumin appeared to predict worse survival and severe toxicities in mUC pts receiving EV. This information may guide therapy and assist in the prevention of toxicities. Additionally, ECOG-PS was prognostic while the location of metastatic disease was not prognostic in the setting of EV.[Table: see text]
Heterosexual Transmission of HIV
Authors: Vincent F. Guinee
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Heterosexual transmission of HIV is decidedly in one direction, according to recent data published and distributed by the AIDS Surveillance Unit of the New York City Department of Health. Among 26985 men with AIDS reported through March 1991, a history of acquiring the infection because of intercourse with women at risk was elicited in only 11 instances.<sup>1</sup>This is in contrast to 1148 (25%) of 4640 women with AIDS who reported having sex with men at risk (the report notes that data are not tabulated on intravenous drug users who also report high-risk heterosexual contact). It is probable that the pool of high-risk men exceeds the infected female population. For example, there are 9420 reported intravenous drug-user cases among men and 2623 among women. Thus, there would be a greater chance of a woman contracting HIV from any given sexual contact with a man than vice