tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Quantification of [Ca2+]i in perfused hearts. Critical evaluation of the 5F-BAPTA and nuclear magnetic resonance method as applied to the study of ischemia and reperfusion.
Authors: EMarban, MKitakaze, YKoretsune, D TYue, V PChacko, M MPike
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

Calcium has been implicated as a mediator of cell injury in ischemia and reperfusion, but direct measurements of Ca2+ are required to refine this idea. We used nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and the Ca2+ indicator 5F-BAPTA to measure [Ca2+]i in perfused ferret hearts. Several lines of evidence are presented to show that loading with the acetoxymethyl ester of 5F-BAPTA is not significantly complicated by accumulation of partially de-esterified metabolites, compartmentalization into mitochondria, or disproportionate uptake into endothelial cells. During 20 minutes of total global ischemia at 30 degrees C, time-averaged [Ca2+]i increased significantly, reaching peak values roughly three times control at 15-20 minutes. Reperfusion resulted in a persistent elevation of [Ca2+]i during the first 5 minutes, but not afterward. Although the nonlinear response of 5F-BAPTA to [Ca2+] leads to underestimation of the true time-averaged [Ca2+]i, the measured alterations of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis during i...
Improved exercise capacity and differing arterial and venous tolerance during chronic isosorbide dinitrate therapy for congestive heart failure.
Authors: C VLeier, PHuss, R DMagorien, D VUnverferth
Journal: Circulation (1983)

We studied 30 patients with moderate-to-severe congestive heart failure in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial to determine the acute and long-term effects of isosorbide dinitrate on clinical status and on resting and exercise hemodynamics. Seventeen patients received placebo and 13 isosorbide dinitrate. First-dose isosorbide dinitrate (40 mg orally) decreased resting and exercise pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, pulmonic and systemic arterial pressures and pulmonic and systemic vascular resistances without augmenting exercise capacity. Compared with placebo, chronic therapy with isosorbide dinitrate (40 mg orally every 6 hours for 12 weeks) significantly improved clinical status and exercise capacity. Resting and exercise systemic blood pressure and systemic vascular resistance returned to baseline values during chronic isosorbide dinitrate therapy, but pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance remained improved. In patients with c...
Clinical Usefulness of Combination Therapy Using Polidocanol Injection and Argon Plasma Coagulation for Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia
Authors: H Tamari, S Oka, S Tanaka, N Yorita, H Tanaka, K Yamashita, Y Ninomiya, T Kotachi, T Boda, Y Kitadai, K Chayama
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) is one of the forms in upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Various treatment options have been proposed, including endoscopic hemostasis and pharmacological therapy. In this study, we evaluated the usefulness of combination therapy using polidocanol injection (PDI) and argon plasma coagulation (APC) as a treatment for GAVE.
From the Authors
Authors: L. Wood, P.G. Gibson, M. Garg
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2003)

between the alveoli and the mouth.Therefore, in EBC samples, not only volatiles, but also several other mediators with no volatile characteristics can be found and have been reported, including adenosine, different interleukins (-4, -5, -8), interferon-c, etc. [3-5].Regarding markers of lipid peroxidation, EBC contains isoprostanes and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances [2].The authors are right in saying that there are methodological limitations to this type of sampling.However, this is mainly due to the limited understanding of solute formation and dilution of samples, and the accuracy of some of the currently available methods for measuring mediators in EBC.I agree that ambient air may influence the levels of exhaled biomarkers in EBC and this is shown for hydrogen peroxide [6].Volatility may be a problem when measuring mediators from EBC, not because the sampling relies on this characteristic, but because if a molecule is volatile it is very hard to figure out the result of its equilibration between the gas and the fluid phase while breath condensation is ongoing.A good example is the ammonia measurement [7,8].Despite the misinterpretation of exhaled breath condensate, I believe that this review is a valuable source of knowledge and references on lipid peroxidation, with detailed information on the limitations and advantages of the current measuring methods.
Regulation of expression of M, B, and mitochondrial creatine kinase mRNAs in the left ventricle after pressure overload in rats.
Authors: H LFontanet, R VTrask, R CHaas, A WStrauss, D RAbendschein, J JBilladello
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Pressure overload of the left ventricle induces synthesis of creatine kinase isoenzymes. To determine whether this response is associated with an altered pattern of creatine kinase gene expression, we induced arterial hypertension in rats by suprarenal aortic banding. After 4 days, left ventricular myocardium from hypertensive (n = 7) and normotensive, sham-operated (n = 5) rats was analyzed for isoenzyme activities by chromatography; M and B creatine kinase subunit protein by Western blot; and M, B, and mitochondrial creatine kinase mRNA by Northern blot. Although total creatine kinase activity increased in hypertensive (1,096 +/- 214 IU/g left ventricle) compared with normotensive rats (648 +/- 81 IU/g left ventricle, p less than 0.01), the relative proportions of the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial isoenzymes did not change. The mass of M and B subunits increased 1.9- and 2.7-fold, respectively, in hypertensive compared with control rats. Similarly, the mRNA for M and B subunits as well as mitochondrial ...
Airway eosinophilia in chronic bronchitis during exacerbations.
Authors: F E Hargreave, J Dolovich, E Pizzichini, M Pizzichini
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

"Airway eosinophilia in chronic bronchitis during exacerbations.." American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 153(5), pp. 1726–1727
Survival following mitral valve replacement for mitral regurgitation due to coronary artery disease.
Authors: M JRadford, R AJohnson, M JBuckley, W MDaggett, R CLeinbach, H KGold
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Forty-six patients who underwent mitral valve replacement for mitral regurgitation due to coronary artery disease during 1970-1975 were identified. Forty patients underwent aortocoronary bypass procedures at the same operation. The survival rate at the fourth postoperative year was 73% in the 22 patients in whom the preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction exceeded 0.35, 38% in the 16 patients in whom the preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction was 35% or less, and 25% in the eight patients in whom aneurysmectomy was performed at the time of mitral valve replacement (p less than 0.05 for the former group compared to the latter two groups). Heart failure, present preoperatively in 41 patients, was improved in most of the long-term survivors. Neither the angiographic extent of coronary artery disease nor whether mitral valve replacement was performed in the acute (within 2 months in 13 patients) or chronic phase of myocardial infarction were distinctly correlated with survival.
Biomechanical properties of reperfused transmural myocardial infarcts in rabbits during the first week after infarction. Implications for left ventricular rupture.
Authors: C MConnelly, SNgoy, F JSchoen, C SApstein
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

Left ventricular (LV) rupture potential was studied after transmural myocardial infarction (MI) in rabbits by measuring 1) the tensile strength of infarcted tissue strips, 2) the force required to initiate a tear (tear threshold) in the central infarcted region, and 3) the intracavitary pressure required to rupture the infarcted ventricle. During the first week after MI, infarcts resulting from a permanent coronary occlusion were compared with infarcts reperfused late (i.e., 3 hours) after coronary occlusion with a resultant hemorrhagic transmural infarct but no reduction in infarct size. The reperfused hemorrhagic infarcted strips had less tensile strength than strips from permanently occluded infarcts in the initial 24 hours after MI (16 +/- 1 versus 24 +/- 3 g/mm2, p less than 0.05), but the tear threshold and response to increased LV pressure were not influenced by infarct reperfusion at this time. By 3 days after MI, reperfused infarcts had equal tensile strength, had greater resistance to infarct ...
HDAC Inhibitors and Cardiac Safety
Authors: Manisha H. Shah, Miguel A. Villalona-Calero, Guido Marcucci, John C. Byrd, Michael R. Grever
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

In Response: In response to the Editorial ([1][1]) published about our article entitled “Cardiotoxicity of histone deacetylase inhibitor depsipeptide in patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors” ([2][2]) and in response to the Letter to Editor in this issue by Molife et al., we make the
Increased plasma concentration of cross-linked fibrin polymers in acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: C WFrancis, D GConnaghan, W LScott, V JMarder
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Thrombin cleaves fibrinopeptides from fibrinogen, converting it to fibrin monomer, and activates factor XIII, which catalyzes the formation of intermolecular epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine bonds to stabilize the fibrin polymer. The formation of factor XIIIa-catalyzed fibrin polymers during clotting of plasma and purified fibrinogen in vivo was followed by a sodium dodecyl sulfate agarose gel technique, and an increase in both amount and size of gamma-chain cross-linked polymers was demonstrated before visible clot formation. Plasma from patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction showed increases in the plasma concentration of fibrin polymer and in the proportion of total fibrinogen present as polymer, as determined by a quantitative adaptation of the electrophoretic technique. The plasma concentration in patients with subendocardial or transmural myocardial infarction showed significant (p less than .005) increases to 4.0 +/- 1.0% and 3.6 +/- .8%, respectively, as compared with the concentratio...
Validation of a computerized edge detection algorithm for quantitative two-dimensional echocardiography.
Authors: WZwehl, RLevy, EGarcia, R VHaendchen, WChilds, S RCorday, SMeerbaum, ECorday
Journal: Circulation (1983)

An edge detection algorithm used in conjunction with digitized two-dimensional echocardiograms was applied to validate computerized two-dimensional echocardiographic (2DE) quantitation of cross-sectional areas of canine left ventricular chambers. Images were enhanced by space-time smoothing and dynamic range expansion, after which automatic edge detection was performed by convolving a Laplacian operator with the enhanced image. In an in vitro study of 29 myocardial slabs, computer-derived 2DE measurements of short-axis sections of the left ventricle were compared with manually derived 2DE data and validated against direct measurements of intraluminal areas of myocardial slabs. Correlations of both manually and computer-derived 2D echocardiograms vs direct measurements were equally satisfactory (r = .95 for both). Computer-derived measurements of perimeters tended to underestimate actual perimeters of the endocardial outlines of left ventricular sections. In 13 closed-chest anesthetized dogs, manually and ...
Controlled trial of aerobic exercise in hypertension.
Authors: J EMartin, P MDubbert, W CCushman
Journal: Circulation (1990)

To determine the antihypertensive efficacy of aerobic exercise training in mild essential hypertension, a prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted comparing an aerobic exercise regimen to a placebo exercise regimen, with a crossover replication of the aerobic regimen in the placebo exercise group. The study took place in an outpatient research clinic in a university-affiliated Veterans Administration medical center. Twenty-seven men with untreated diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 90-104 mm Hg were randomized to the two exercise regimens. Ten patients completed the aerobic regimen. Nine patients completed the control regimen, seven of whom subsequently entered and completed the aerobic regimen. The aerobic regimen consisted of walking, jogging, stationary bicycling, or any combination of these activities for 30 minutes, four times a week, at 65-80% maximal heart rate. The control regimen consisted of slow calisthenics and stretching for the same duration and frequency but maintaining less tha...
Utility of Eus-Guided Through the Needle Microbiopsy in Influencing Management Outcomes of Patients With Cystic Lesions: A Single Centre Experience
Authors: W On, B Paranandi, MT Huggett, L Sanni, A Cairns
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims The recent development of through-the-needle microbiopsy (TTNB) forceps via endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has facilitated sampling of pancreatic cyst walls for histological analysis. This novel method has added to the armamentarium of the currently available radiological, biochemical and cytological modalities in the diagnostic algorithm of patients with pancreatic cystic lesions (PCL). We aimed to describe the utility of EUS-TTNB in influencing management outcomes at a tertiary hepatopancreatobiliary unit.
Influence Of Full Lockdown On Patients’ Attendance In The Emergency Surgical Specialties Department Of A Tertiary Hospital In Athens, Greece; Preliminary Results Amid Covid-19 Outbreak
Authors: K Tsekouras, S Orfanos, G Karlis, G Tsitsinakis
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims A full lockdown was forced in Greece due to the COVID-19 pandemic for 53 days and specifically from 03/13/2020 to 05/04/2020. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of lockdown on the number of patients visiting the Emergency Surgical Specialties Department (ESSD) of a tertiary Greek hospital. It is common sense that the vast majority of patients examined in the ESSD have no symptoms related to SARS-CoV-2. In the Emergency Department (ED) of our hospital, there are 6 different surgical specialties domains; Vascular Surgery, Thoracic Surgery, Urology, Opthalmology, General Surgery, and Otorhinolaryngology.
The Role of Colonoscopy Without Intestinal Preparation in an Emergency Context
Authors: C Correia, N Almeida, P Souto, P Figueiredo
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims When talking about emergency colonoscopy, the guidelines are assertive in stating that colonoscopy without preparation has no place in the evaluation of patients with suspected lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGB). The objective of the present work is to verify whether, despite these recommendations, the performance of emergency colonoscopy, without any preparation, has any type of positive impact.
Effects of clonidine on the reflex cardiovascular responses and release of substance P during muscle contraction.
Authors: AAlly, A FMeintjes, J HMitchell, L BWilson
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

The effects of microdialyzing clonidine into the L-7 dorsal horn on the cardiovascular responses, renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA), and release of substance P (SP) evoked by static contraction of the triceps surae muscle were studied using anesthetized cats. A microdialysis probe was inserted into the spinal cord ipsilateral to the muscle being contracted or stretched. Contraction, evoked by stimulation of the distal ends of the cut L-7 and S-1 ventral roots for 1 minute, increased mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and RSNA by 48 +/- 6 mm Hg, 18 +/- 2 beats per minute, and 66 +/- 5%, respectively. Passive stretch of the same muscle for 1 minute also increased MAP, HR, and RSNA by 51 +/- 6 mm Hg, 17 +/- 2 beats per minute, and 50 +/- 3%, respectively. Microdialysis of clonidine (380 mumol/L) blunted the contraction-evoked responses: MAP, HR, and RSNA increased by 19 +/- 4 mm Hg, 7 +/- 1 beats per minute, and 24 +/- 5%, respectively. The increases elicited by passive stretch were also at...
Ambient Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Risk of Weight Gain and Obesity in United States Veterans: An Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Benjamin Bowe, Andrew K. Gibson, Yan Xie, Yan Yan, Aaron van Donkelaar, Randall V. Martin, Ziyad Al-Aly
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2021)

Background: Experimental evidence and studies of children and adolescents suggest that ambient fine particulate matter [particulate matter ≤2.5μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5)] air pollution may be obesogenic, but the relationship between PM2.5 and the risk of body weight gain and obesity in adults is uncertain. Objectives: Our goal was to characterize the association between PM2.5 and the risks of weight gain and obesity. Methods: We followed 3,902,440 U.S. Veterans from 2010 to 2018 (median 8.1 y, interquartile range: 7.3–8.4) and assigned time-updated PM2.5 exposures by linking geocoded residential street addresses with satellite-based estimates of surface-level PM2.5 mass (at ∼1-km2 resolution). Associations with PM2.5 were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models for incident obesity [body mass index (BMI)≥30 kg/m2] and a 10-lb increase in weight relative to baseline and linear mixed models for associations with intra-individual changes in BMI and weight. Results: A 10-μg/m3 higher average annual PM2.5 concentration was associated with risk of incident obesity [n=2,325,769; hazard ratio (HR)=1.08 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.11)] and the risk of a 10-lb (4.54 kg) increase in weight [HR=1.07 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.08)] and with higher intra-individual changes in BMI [0.140 kg/m2 per year (95% CI: 0.139, 0.142)] and weight [0.968 lb/y (95% CI: 0.955, 0.981)]. Nonlinear exposure–response models indicated associations at PM2.5 concentrations below the national standard of 12 μg/m3. As expected, a negative exposure control (ambient air sodium) was not associated with obesity or weight gain. Associations were consistent in direction and magnitude across sensitivity analyses that included alternative outcomes and exposures assigned at different spatial resolutions. Discussion: PM2.5 air pollution was associated with the risk of obesity and weight gain in a large predominantly male cohort of U.S. Veterans. Discussions about health effects of PM2.5 should include its association with obesity, and deliberations about the epidemiology of obesity should consider its association with PM2.5. Investigation in other cohorts will deepen our understanding of the relationship between PM2.5 and weight gain and obesity. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP7944
Diagnostic changes in plasma creatine kinase isoforms early after the onset of acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: A SJaffe, HSerota, AGrace, B ESobel
Journal: Circulation (1986)

Conventional plasma isoenzyme and enzyme values usually are normal during the first few hours of acute myocardial infarction. Thus definitive diagnosis may be delayed. We have shown recently that infarction in dogs can be detected within 1 hr after coronary occlusion by analysis of relative activities of MM creatine kinase (CK) isoforms in plasma. Isoforms of MM CK evolve through posttranslational modifications in plasma of the form released from tissue (MMA) to MMB and MMC. In this study we quantified changes in isoform profiles in the first available plasma samples from patients with evolving myocardial infarction, from patients with angina, and from normal subjects. In the 26 control subjects, the ratio of MMA to MMC was 1.09 +/- 0.4 (SE) (range 0.31 to 3.1; upper limit of normal [defined as the mean plus 2 SD] 2.5). In the seven control patients with coronary artery disease, the ratio of MMA to MMC was 1.3 +/- 0.3 with a range of 0.5 to 2.5. In contrast, among the 28 patients with acute myocardial inf...
Echocardiographic analysis of mitral valve motion after acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: G ABergeron, M VCohen, L ETeichholz, RGorlin
Journal: Circulation (1975)

To examine the effects of acute myocardial infarction on mitral valve diastolic velocity, echocardiograms were performed in 18 patients on admission, daily in the Coronary Care Unit, and at 3-day intervals during the remainder of hospitalization. These patients were divided into three groups based on the time interval between onset of symptoms and initial echocardiogram. Five of six patients admitted within 5 hours of onset of myocardial infarction had a triphasic response of mitral valve diastolic velocity with a transient rise above initial values, followed by a fall to below initial values, and then a slow rise during recovery. Seven of eight patients admitted 1-2 days after onset of myocardial infarction had a biphasic response, i.e., a fall from initial values and then a slow rise. Four patients admitted later in the course of myocardial infarction had a monophasic response, i.e. low initial velocity followed by a slow recovery. We conclude that in patients with myocardial infarction the mitral valve...
Expression of ventricular myosin subunits in the atria of children with congenital heart malformations.
Authors: Q WShi, UDanilczyk, J XWang, Y PSee, W GWilliams, G ATrusler, RBeaulieu, VRose, GJackowski
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

The presence of ventricular myosin light chains in the atria of children with congenital heart disease was demonstrated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, peptide mapping, and Western blot analysis. Ventricular myosin light chains were present in 27% of biopsies from 91 children with different forms of congenital heart disease. Perimembranous ventricular septal defects and tetralogy of Fallot were associated with the presence of ventricular myosin light chains in 50% of patients. The presence of ventricular myosin light chains in these atria did not correlate with pressure or volume overload. Analysis of myosin heavy chain isotype in the same biopsies by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, peptide mapping, and Western blot analysis indicated that there was no detectable expression of ventricular myosin heavy chain (beta-subunit), suggesting that the genes for the myosin heavy chains and light chains are not expressed coordinately.
Indobufen in the prevention of thromboembolic complications in patients with heart disease. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study.
Authors: GFornaro, PRossi, P GMantica, M ECaccia, DAralda, MLavezzari, FPamparana, GMilanesi
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDThe purpose of this randomized, double-blind study was to evaluate the efficacy of indobufen, a reversible inhibitor of platelet cyclooxygenase, in the prevention of embolic events of cardiac origin.METHODS AND RESULTSOne hundred ninety-six patients with heart disease and at risk for cardiogenic embolism (90 with atrial fibrillation and 106 in sinus rhythm) were randomly assigned to receive indobufen (100 mg b.i.d.) or placebo. All patients were reexamined every 3 months for the duration of the study. The primary study end points were cerebral ischemic attack (stroke and transient ischemic attack), systemic embolism, pulmonary embolism, and fatal myocardial infarction. The median duration of treatment was 854 days in the indobufen group and 865 days in the placebo group. The frequencies of primary end points (fatal and nonfatal) were 6.1% and 17.3%, respectively, in the indobufen and placebo groups (p < 0.05) for a reduction of 65% in the risk of a primary event (indobufen/placebo relative risk,...