tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Assessment of coronary artery disease severity by positron emission tomography. Comparison with quantitative arteriography in 193 patients.
Authors: L LDemer, K LGould, R AGoldstein, R LKirkeeide, N AMullani, R WSmalling, ANishikawa, M EMerhige
Journal: Circulation (1989)

To assess the accuracy of positron emission tomography (PET) for evaluation of coronary artery disease (CAD), cardiac PET perfusion images were obtained at rest and with dipyridamole-handgrip stress in 193 patients undergoing coronary arteriography. PET images were reviewed by two independent readers blinded to clinical data. Subjective defect severity scores were assigned to each myocardial region on a 0 (normal) to 5 (severe) scale. Results were compared with arteriographic stenosis severity expressed as stenosis flow reserve (SFR), with continuous values ranging from 0 (total occlusion) to 5 (normal), calculated from quantitative arteriographic dimensions using automated detection of the vessel borders. There were 115 patients with significant CAD (SFR less than 3), 37 patients with mild CAD (3 less than or equal to SFR less than 4), and 41 patients with essentially normal coronaries (SFR greater than or equal to 4). With increasingly severe impairment of stenosis flow reserve, subjective PET defect se...
Modification of the flow-generating capability of the canine heart-lung compartment by the carotid sinus baroreceptor reflex.
Authors: D PKostiuk, KSagawa, A AShoukas
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

To quantitatively understand how the carotid sinus baroreceptor reflex modifies the Starling curve (i.e., the aortic flow (AF)-mean right atrial pressure (MRAP) relationship), experiments were performed in closed-chest, naturally breathing, and anesthetized dogs before and after vagotomy. Mean aortic pressure (MAP) was fixed at approximately 100 mm Hg and the pressure in the isolated carotid sinus (ISP) was varied from 75 to 150 mm Hg in steps of 25 mm Hg. At each ISP, MRAP was slowly increased and decreased while measuring AF by a previously implanted electromagnetic flow probe. A family of AF-MRAP relation curves specified at the different ISP's were thus obtained. Third-order polynomials in MRAP and ISP adequately fit these curves. Whether the vagi were intact or cut, there was no significant difference between the AF-MRAP relation curves obtained at an ISP of 75 or 100 mm Hg. However, decreasing ISP from 125 to 100 mm Hg caused a 24% increase in AF, and increasing ISP to 150 mm Hg caused a 15% decreas...
Simultaneous determination of left ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume and pressure-dimension relationships in closed-chest dogs.
Authors: W CLittle, G LFreeman, R AO'Rourke
Journal: Circulation (1985)

The left ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relationship is a load-insensitive measure of left ventricular performance. The relationship at end-systole between left ventricular pressure and dimension is more easily obtained, but the conflicting results of previous studies make it unclear if it has the same properties as the left ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relationship. To address this issue, 11 dogs were instrumented to measure left ventricular pressure and three orthogonal left ventricular dimensions. Left ventricular pressure and dimensions were varied by use of caval occlusion. Left ventricular volume was calculated as an ellipsoid. The left ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relationship and each of the three end-systolic pressure-dimension relations were described by straight lines (r = .97 +/- .02, mean +/- SD). In six animals, dobutamine produced similar significant increases (p less than .01) in the slope of the end-systolic pressure-volume relationship (244 +/- 61% of co...
Exercise-induced ST-segment depression in patients without restenosis after coronary angioplasty. Relation to preprocedural impaired left ventricular function.
Authors: J PBeregi, CBauters, E PMcFadden, PQuandalle, M EBertrand, J MLablanche
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDST-segment depression during exercise testing is frequently observed in the absence of restenosis after coronary angioplasty.METHODS AND RESULTSWe studied the determinants of this phenomenon in 70 consecutive patients with unstable angina related to a single left anterior descending coronary artery lesion who had successful angioplasty without restenosis (< 50% stenosis by quantitative angiography). We compared preangioplasty clinical, angiographic, and hemodynamic variables in the group with positive (ExT Pos, n = 35; ST depression, 2.3 +/- 0.9 mm) and negative (ExT Neg, n = 35; ST depression, 0.3 +/- 0.5 mm) results on exercise testing at follow-up angiography. At this time, minimal lumen diameter (1.7 +/- 0.4 mm) and mean residual stenosis (34 +/- 11%) in the ExT Pos group were not significantly different from the values (1.9 +/- 0.5 mm, 38 +/- 10%) in the ExT Neg group. Before angioplasty, the ExT Pos group had a lower ejection fraction (63 +/- 8% versus 68 +/- 9%, P < .05), more marked ante...
Interleukin-8. A mitogen and chemoattractant for vascular smooth muscle cells.
Authors: T LYue, XWang, C PSung, BOlson, P JMcKenna, J LGu, G ZFeuerstein
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a chemokine produced by a variety of cell types involved in atherogenesis and is chemotactic for neutrophils and lymphocytes. A recent study has shown that IL-8 is angiogenic and induces proliferation and chemotaxis of endothelial cells. The present study was undertaken to find out whether IL-8 is also mitogenic and chemotactic for vascular smooth muscle cells. IL-8 induced a concentration-dependent (0.1 to 10 nmol/L) stimulation of DNA synthesis and cell proliferation in both human and rat aortic smooth muscle cells. In addition, IL-8 stimulated smooth muscle cells to produce prostaglandin E2, which can inhibit IL-8-induced smooth muscle cell proliferation. In the presence of indomethacin (5 mumol/L), IL-8 (1 nmol/L) stimulated an increase in human and rat aortic smooth muscle cell number during a 3-day period of incubation by 61 +/- 16% and 59 +/- 7% (n = 4), respectively. IL-8 also increased DNA synthesis in human and rat aortic smooth muscle cells by 98 +/- 10% and 151 +/- 27% ...
Preparation, characterization, and evaluation of a monoclonal antibody against the rabbit platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa in an experimental angioplasty model.
Authors: M AAzrin, F SLing, QChen, APawashe, FMigliaccio, RHomer, MTodd, M DEzekowitz
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

The deposition of platelets at the site of balloon angioplasty is thought to play a major role in the pathogenesis of restenosis. The antibody AZ-1, which binds to the rabbit platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor and inhibits platelet function both in vitro and in vivo, was produced and tested in an experimental model of angioplasty. Atherosclerosis was induced by desiccation injury of the femoral artery, followed by a 28-day diet with 2% cholesterol and 6% peanut oil. Rabbits were randomized to receive an infusion of saline, a single infusion of 0.5 mg/kg of AZ-1, or an infusion of 0.6 mg/kg AZ-1 before angioplasty. The latter group received a second infusion of 0.6 mg/kg 72 hours later. Functional platelet inhibition was demonstrated by prolongation of the bleeding time in all treated animals. Angiography was performed at baseline, immediately after a standardized angioplasty, and again 28 days after angioplasty on a total of 42 vessels. There were no significant differences between the antibody-treat...
68Ga-PSMA PET/CT Scan on Postoperative Assessment of Sinonasal Glomangiopericytoma
Authors: Pirabu Sakthivel, Arunav Kumar, Sreedharan Thankarajan Arunraj, Chirom Amit Singh, Rakesh Kumar
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is expressed on the endothelial cells of tumor-associated neovasculature of various nonprostatic benign and malignant neoplasms. Positive intense uptake on PET/CT imaging with 68Ga-labeled PSMA is noted in a patient with sinonasal glomangiopericytoma, and the same is noted to be absent following complete surgical excision. 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT may be a useful tool for early recurrence identification, differentiating recurrence from surgical site reparative tissues, and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy of residual lesions.
Letter to the Editor: Is Balloon‐Occluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration Superior to Endoscopic Cyanoacrylate in Gastric Varices?
Authors: Krishna Kumar Chinnadurai, Arka De, Ajay Duseja, Virendra Singh
Journal: Hepatology (2021)

We read with interest the study by Luo et al. comparing cyanoacrylate (CA) injection with balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (BRTO) for the prevention of rebleed from gastric varices (GVs).(1) However, several issues need to be addressed. Although GV size has consistently been shown to be a significant risk factor for bleeding,(2) the authors have not described the size and morphology of the GVs. Patients in the BRTO arm only underwent preprocedural contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) to delineate the shunt and variceal anatomy (Supplementary Fig. a).
Physical Therapy Interventions for Knee Pain Secondary to Osteoarthritis
Authors: Shi Yi Wang, Becky J Olson-Kellogg, Tatyana A. Shamliyan, Jae Young Choi, Rema Ramakrishnan, Robert L Kane
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

This review evaluated the effectiveness of available physical therapy interventions for adults with knee osteoarthritis. It found low-strength evidence that interventions that empower patients to a...
Use of Insulin Glargine During Pregnancy in a Type 1 Diabetic Woman
Authors: John T. Devlin, Loretta Hothersall, J.L. Wilkis
Journal: Diabetes Care (2002)

The patient was a 37-year-old registered nurse recently followed during her second pregnancy complicated by diabetes. Type 1 diabetes was diagnosed at age 9 years. She was initially referred to us for management of her first diabetic pregnancy in June 1998 at 10 weeks’ gestation with twins. She was on a multiple daily insulin injection (MDI) regimen with human regular insulin (three times daily before meals) and NPH insulin at bedtime. Her initial HbA1c at the time of referral was 7.6%. She was free of any clinical signs of diabetic retinopathy or peripheral neuropathy, and her urine microalbumin tests were negative. She had a prior history of hypoglycemia unawareness with recurrent episodes of severe hypoglycemia.

She was converted to lispro (Humalog) insulin before the evening meal, and her glycemic control was progressively improved throughout the remainder of her pregnancy, with sequential HbA1c results of 7.2, 6.1, and 5.8%. She was found on ultrasound to …
Mechanism of 'inappropriate' sinus tachycardia. Role of sympathovagal balance.
Authors: C AMorillo, G JKlein, R KThakur, HLi, MZardini, RYee
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDInappropriate sinus tachycardia (IST) is an uncommon and poorly defined atrial tachycardia characterized by inappropriate tachycardia and exaggerated acceleration of heart rate with normal P wave. The mechanism of this tachycardia is unknown. The purpose of the present study was to determine the role of autonomic balance in the genesis of IST.METHODS AND RESULTSSix female patients aged 23 to 38 years with IST and 10 age- and sex-matched control subjects were assessed with the following autonomic function tests: (1) sympathovagal balance to the sinus node assessed by calculating the LF/HF (low frequency/high frequency) ratio using power spectral analysis both in the supine position and after 10 minutes of head-up tilt to 60 degrees, (2) cardiovagal reflex assessed by cold face test (CFT), (3) beta-adrenergic sensitivity as determined by calculating isoproterenol dose-response curves and isoproterenol chronotropic dose 25 (CD25), and (4) intrinsic heart rate (IHR) assessed after autonomic bloc...
Single-cell chromatin accessibility landscape identifies tissue repair program in human regulatory T cells
Authors: Michael Delacher, Malte Simon, Lieke Sanderink, Agnes Hotz-Wagenblatt, Marina Wuttke, Kathrin Schambeck, Lisa Schmidleithner, Sebastian Bittner, Asmita Pant, Uwe Ritter, Thomas Hehlgans, Dania Riegel, Verena Schneider, Florian Kai Groeber-Becker, Andreas Eigenberger, Claudia Gebhard, Nicholas Strieder, Alexander Fischer, Michael Rehli, Petra Hoffmann, Matthias Edinger, Till Strowig, Jochen Huehn, Christian Schmidl, Jens M. Werner, Lukas Prantl, Benedikt Brors, Charles D. Imbusch, Markus Feuerer
Journal: Immunity (2021)

Murine regulatory T (Treg) cells in tissues promote tissue homeostasis and regeneration. We sought to identify features that characterize human Treg cells with these functions in healthy tissues. Single-cell chromatin accessibility profiles of murine and human tissue Treg cells defined a conserved, microbiota-independent tissue-repair Treg signature with a prevailing footprint of the transcription factor BATF. This signature, combined with gene expression profiling and TCR fate mapping, identified a population of tissue-like Treg cells in human peripheral blood that expressed BATF, chemokine receptor CCR8 and HLA-DR. Human BATF+CCR8+ Treg cells from normal skin and adipose tissue shared features with nonlymphoid T follicular helper-like (Tfh-like) cells, and induction of a Tfh-like differentiation program in naive human Treg cells partially recapitulated tissue Treg regenerative characteristics, including wound healing potential. Human BATF+CCR8+ Treg cells from healthy tissue share features with tumor-resident Treg cells, highlighting the importance of understanding the context-specific functions of these cells.
Emergency coronary artery revascularization: a possible therapy for acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: S JPhillips, CKongtahworn, R HZeff, MBenson, LIannone, TBrown, D FGordon
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Cardiac muscle death caused by coronary artery occlusion is a dynamic process that often takes hours or days. Emergency revascularization (saphenous vein bypass graft (SVBG) during acute myocardial infarction (MI) can interrupt myocardial necrosis, salvage ischemic myocardium and revascularize vessels with obstructive lesions not involved in the MI. In this report we describe a preliminary experimental study of 75 patients in which emergency SVBG was the therapy for acute MI. Group 1, 16 patients, required vasoactive medications and/or intraaortic balloon pumping to maintain their blood pressure preoperatively. There was one operative death and two late deaths. Group 2 consisted of 59 hemodynamically stable patients. There were no deaths. The average preop CPK in group 1 was 892 vs 504 in group 2 (p greater than 0.05). Surgical techniques were routine. The average time from the onset of chest pain that continued to surgery was 6.5 hours. Forty patients were restudied. Post- vs presurgical hemodynamics rev...
Residual coronary reserve despite decreased resting blood flow in patients with critical coronary lesions. A study by technetium-99m human albumin microsphere myocardial scintigraphy.
Authors: OParodi, GSambuceti, ARoghi, RTesta, EInglese, SPirelli, FSpinelli, LCampolo, AL'Abbate
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDExperimental data demonstrate the persistence of a transmural vasodilator reserve in the face of depressed resting myocardial perfusion. The present study was designed to determine whether resting myocardial hypoperfusion indicates exhausted coronary reserve (CR).METHODS AND RESULTSFifteen patients with stable angina, isolated left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) stenosis, and no previous myocardial infarction were evaluated by means of 99mTc human albumin microsphere scintigraphy. Regional myocardial perfusion and CR were assessed at baseline and after LAD papaverine (10-12 mg) by means of two microsphere injections in the left ventricle and compared with five normal subjects. Two 300-second scans were obtained with a mobile gamma camera positioned in the 70 degrees left anterior oblique projection; actual microsphere distribution after papaverine was obtained by image subtraction. The two arterial input functions (basal and papaverine) were measured from the first-pass time-activity ...
Letter: False interpretation of fetal heart monitoring.
Authors: R J Parsons, J R Sutherst
Journal: BMJ (1974)

thyroiditis is common (7-8 of palpable goitres in our material) and a considerable number of these cases will turn up within some years with manifest myxoedema and often advanced coronary disease if not previously treated with thyroxine in the thyroiditic phase of the disease.Fine needle biopsy may be valuable in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer but it is in- dispensable for the diagnosis of thyroiditis and thus for the prevention of myxoedema.It is a simple and innocuous method-but it is, of course, possible to manage thyroid disease also without it.-Iam, etc.,
Does myocardial stunning contribute to infarct size limitation by ischemic preconditioning
Authors: TMiura, MGoto, KUrabe, AEndoh, KShimamoto, OIimura
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDThe mechanism through which ischemic preconditioning causes cardioprotection is unknown. The present study investigated the role of stunning in preconditioning.METHODS AND RESULTSWe studied three different protocols of preconditioning: two cycles of 2-minute ischemia separated by 5-minute reperfusion (2'PC), one cycle of 5-minute ischemia by 5-minute reperfusion (5'PC1), and two cycles of 5-minute ischemia separated by 5-minute reperfusion (5'PC2). In the first series of experiments, the stunning associated with 2'PC, 5'PC1, or 5'PC2 was assessed using an epicardial Doppler transducer in anesthetized open-chest rabbits. The thickening fraction (percent baseline) of the preconditioned region was 76.8 +/- 7.2% (mean +/- SEM) after 2'PC but 31.4 +/- 9.2% and 34.3 +/- 9.7% after 5'PC1 and 5'PC2, respectively, which were significantly lower, thus indicating more severe stunning than that after 2'PC. In the second series of experiments, a branch of the left circumflex artery was occluded for 30 minute...
Interactions of granulocytes with the lungs.
Authors: K LBrigham, BMeyrick
Journal: Circulation Research (1984)

Under normal conditions, there is a sizeable pool of marginated granulocytes in the lung circulation which is in dynamic equilibrium with the circulating granulocyte pool. The number of granulocytes in the lungs' microcirculation may depend on pulmonary blood flow or biochemical interactions between granulocytes and pulmonary vascular endothelium, or both. There is some evidence that normal lung function may be affected by granulocytes. Several acute and chronic diseases may result, at least in part, from interactions of granulocytes with the lungs. Acute diffuse lung injury (adult respiratory distress syndrome) is characterized by diffuse pulmonary inflammation, and, in animal models, some of the lung dysfunction depends on the presence of granulocytes. Bronchoconstriction and airway hyperreactivity, characteristic of asthma, may be influenced by granulocyte-generated products of arachidonic acid. Granulocyte-derived proteases and oxidants may contribute to the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema and may...
Pristine Visibility Associated to the use of Texture and Colour Enhancement Imaging (TXI) During Submucosal Dissection: A Case of Large Barrett’s Neoplasia
Authors: A Lemmers, AM Bucalau, L Verset, J-L Van Laethem, I El Nakadi, J Devière
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Endoscopic enhancement modalities mainly focus on early neoplasia detection, characterization and demarcation. Few studies have reported the use of new enhancement modalities during ESD to help in submucosal visibility.
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Direct Intramyocardial but Not Intracoronary Injection of Bone Marrow Cells Induces Ventricular Arrhythmias in a Rat Chronic Ischemic Heart Failure Model”
Authors: Ken Suzuki, Satsuki Fukushima, Anabel Varela-Carver, Steven R. Coppen, Kenichi Yamahara, Leanne E. Felkin, Joon Lee, Paul J.R. Barton, Cesare M.N. Terracciano, Magdi H. Yacoub
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Intramyocardial but Not Intracoronary Injection of Bone Marrow Cells Induces Ventricular Arrhythmias in a Rat Chronic Ischemic Heart Failure Model"We thank Dr Ly for his interest in our article. 1We, too, strongly believe that cell therapy as a treatment for heart failure requires further laboratory research to ensure its future success.It is likely that not only the injection site, but also the number and volume of injections and the number of cells injected, will influence therapeutic benefit and arrhythmogenicity after intramyocardial cell injection. 2Although this is an important clinical point, its illustration in small animal models has obvious limitations; large animal or human studies are needed.Dr Ly's assertion that skeletal myoblasts are too large to be injected via an intracoronary route may not be right.We have demonstrated previously that both antegrade and retrograde intracoronary injections of skeletal myoblasts are effective for treating heart disease. 3,4e do not aim to insist that retrograde intracoronary injection is superior to antegrade infusion.However, it is a fact that transendothelial migration of donor cells injected via antegrade intracoronary injection is seriously limited.Our data (K.S., S.F., A.V
Respiratory Difficulties at Birth
Authors: H. Barrie, R. E. B. Carter
Journal: BMJ (1959)

CXCL8 (also known as IL-8) activates CXCR1 and CXCR2 to mediate neutrophil recruitment and trigger cytotoxic effect at sites of infection. Under physiological conditions, CXCL8 could exist as monomers, dimers, or a mixture of monomers and dimers. Therefore, both forms of CXCL8 could interact with CXCR1 and CXCR2 with different affinities and potencies to mediate different cellular responses. In the present study, we have used a “trapped” nonassociating monomer (L25NMe) and a nondissociating dimer (R26C) to investigate their activities for human neutrophils that express both receptors and for RBL-2H3 cells stably expressing either CXCR1(RBL-CXCR1) or CXCR2 (RBL-CXCR2). The monomer was more active than the dimer for activities such as intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> mobilization, phosphoinositide hydrolysis, chemotaxis. and exocytosis. Receptor regulation, however, is distinct for each receptor. The rate of monomer-mediated regulation of CXCR1 is greater for activities such as phosphorylation, desensitization, β-arrestin translocation, and internalization. In contrast, for CXCR2, both monomeric and dimeric CXCL8 mediate these activities to a similar extent. Interestingly, receptor-mediated signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation in response to all three CXCL8 variants was more sustained for CXCR2 relative to CXCR1. Taken together, the results indicate that the CXCL8 monomer and dimer differentially activate and regulate CXCR1 and CXCR2 receptors. These distinct properties of the ligand and the receptors play a critical role in orchestrating neutrophil recruitment and eliciting cytotoxic activity during an inflammatory response.
In eosinophilic esophagitis, budesonide orodispersible tablets maintained remission at 48 wk
Authors: Sachin Srinivasan, Prateek Sharma
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2021)

Source Citation Straumann A, Lucendo AJ, Miehlke S, et al. Budesonide orodispersible tablets maintain remission in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of patients with eosinophilic esophagitis. Gastroenterology. 2020;159:1672-85. 32721437