tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices’ Interim Recommendation for Use of Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine — United States, December 2020
Authors: Sara E. Oliver, Julia W. Gargano, Mona Marin, Megan Wallace, Kathryn G. Curran, Mary Chamberland, Nancy McClung, Doug Campos-Outcalt, Rebecca L. Morgan, Sarah Mbaeyi, José R. Romero, H. Keipp Talbot, Grace M. Lee, Beth P. Bell, Kathleen Dooling
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2020)

On December 18, 2020, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for the Moderna COVID-19 (mRNA-1273) vaccine (ModernaTX, Inc; Cambridge, Massachusetts), a lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated, nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccine encoding the stabilized prefusion spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (1). This vaccine is the second COVID-19 vaccine authorized under an EUA for the prevention of COVID-19 in the United States (2). Vaccination with the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine consists of 2 doses (100 μg, 0.5 mL each) administered intramuscularly, 1 month (4 weeks) apart. On December 19, 2020, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) issued an interim recommendation* for use of the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine in persons aged ≥18 years for the prevention of COVID-19. To guide its deliberations regarding the vaccine, ACIP employed the Evidence to Recommendation (EtR) Framework,† using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.§ Use of all COVID-19 vaccines authorized under an EUA, including the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine, should be implemented in conjunction with ACIP's interim recommendations for allocating initial supplies of COVID-19 vaccines (3). The ACIP recommendation for the use of the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine under EUA is interim and will be updated as additional information becomes available.
Correction to: circRIP2 accelerates bladder cancer progression via miR-1305/Tgf-β2/smad3 pathway
Authors: Yinjie Su, Weilian Feng, Juanyi Shi, Luping Chen, Jian Huang, Tianxin Lin
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2021)

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
Rhabdomyolysis as a Complication of COVID-19: A Report of Five Cases
Authors: Miguel Maza Moreno, Vanessa C. Garcĭa Macas, Jose L. Herrera, Gandhy T. Fonseca, Jose H. Cano, Juvenal Torres Pastrana
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2020)

Introduction: COVID-19virus pandemia has caused more than 5million infected and 330thousand deaths worldwide  The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) is variable, from 0 5%to29 8%  Rhabdomyolysis(Rb) is a life-threatening emergency, usually manifesting as myalgia, fatigue, pigmenturia, and AKI  One of its leading non-traumatic causes are viral infections  We report 5cases of Rb associated with COVID-19  Case Description: Of a total of 460 positive cases of COVID-19infection (realtimePCR), at the NationalMedicalCenter20deNoviembre in MexicoCity, 5were diagnosed with Rb and associated AKI(Ck>5,000U/l and KDIGO AKIcriteria)  Characteristics of patients are presented in(Fig 1)  Age range was from 29to64 years, only one female, all withBMI>25 kg/m2, time from admission-diagnosis of Rb was on average oneweek  Most common symptoms were fever, cough, and dyspnea(5/5), as well as abdominal pain(4/5)  Only(1/5) was oliguric at diagnosis  Average Ck at diagnosis was7845 (18-165μg/L) and all cases had high levels of interleukin-6  They were managed with aggressive hydration, 2of them required renal replacement  At the time of this report, 2 had been discharged, 2 remain hospitalized(one still on RRT), and one died  Discussion: COVID-19patients can develop AKIprimarily due to low oral intake, sepsis, andcytokine storm  Patients with COVID-19have multiple risk factors for Rb development: viral muscle cytotoxicity, continuous hyperthermia, andcytokine storm among others  This results in a high risk ofAKI via 3mechanisms: renal vasoconstriction, tubular obstruction and direct tubular toxicity  Of note, in the described cases, abdominal pain was a common symptom and only one was oliguric  Early identification allowed timely fluid resuscitation, which underscores the importance of having a high index of suspicion  Further observations will be needed to understand the full spectrum of association between COVID-19and Rb, but is clear that these patients are at highrisk for developing AKI by these mechanisms
Photodynamic Therapy Directed by Three‐Photon Active Rigid Plane Organic Photosensitizer
Authors: Hongzhi Cao, Bin Fang, Jiejie Liu, Yu Shen, Jie Shen, Pan Xiang, Qin Zhou, Senio Campos De Souza, Dandan Li, Yupeng Tian, Lei Luo, Zhongping Zhang, Xiaohe Tian
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2020)

Abstract Multi‐photon photosensitizers (PSs) could significantly improve the efficacy of photodynamic therapy due to the long‐wavelength favorability for deeper tissue penetration and lower biological damage. However, most studies are limited to single‐photon or two‐photon PSs at a relatively short‐wave excitation window. To overcome this barrier, we rationally design a series of rigid plane compounds with efficient reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in vitro under laser irradiation. Furthermore, the studies show that one of the compounds (U‐TsO) could induce rapid multi‐types of cell death under three‐photon exposure, suggesting a promising clinical outcome in ex vivo 3D multicellular tumor spheroid. This work offers a novel strategy to construct functional materials with competitive multi‐photon photodynamic therapy (PDT) outcome.
A case-control study indicates that coagulation imbalance is associated with arteriosclerosis and markers of endothelial dysfunction in kidney failure
Authors: Lucie Tran, Bruno Pannier, Patrick Lacolley, Tomas Serrato, Athanase Benetos, Gérard M. London, Yvonnick Bézie, Véronique Regnault
Journal: Kidney International (2020)
Influenza Virus: Tracking, Predicting, and Forecasting
Authors: Sheikh Taslim Ali, Benjamin J. Cowling
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (2020)

Influenza is a common respiratory infection that causes considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide each year. In recent years, along with the improvement in computational resources, there have been a number of important developments in the science of influenza surveillance and forecasting. Influenza surveillance systems have been improved by synthesizing multiple sources of information. Influenza forecasting has developed into an active field, with annual challenges in the United States that have stimulated improved methodologies. Work continues on the optimal approaches to assimilating surveillance data and information on relevant driving factors to improve estimates of the current situation (nowcasting) and to forecast future dynamics.
Deletion of Socs3 in LysM+ cells and Cx3cr1 resulted in age-dependent development of retinal microgliopathy
Authors: Xuan Du, Rosana Penalva, Karis Little, Adrien Kissenpfennig, Mei Chen, Heping Xu
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2021)

We generated a mouse model of primary microglial dysfunction by deleting two negative immune regulatory genes, Cx3cr1 and Socs3 (in LysM
Restoration of electrical microenvironment enhances bone regeneration under diabetic conditions by modulating macrophage polarization
Authors: Xiaohan Dai, Boon Chin Heng, Yunyang Bai, Fuping You, Xiaowen Sun, Yiping Li, Zhangui Tang, Mingming Xu, Xuehui Zhang, Xuliang Deng
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2020)

Macrophage-mediated inflammation compromises bone repair in diabetic patients. Electrical signaling cues are known to regulate macrophage functions. However, the biological effects of electrical microenvironment from charged biomaterials on the immune response for regulating osteogenesis under diabetic conditions remain to be elucidated. Herein the endogeneous electrical microenvironment of native bone tissue was recapitulated by fabricating a ferroelectric BaTiO3/poly (vinylidene fluoridetrifluoroethylene) (BTO/P(VDF-TrFE)) nanocomposite membrane. In vitro, the polarized BaTiO3/poly (vinylidene fluoridetrifluoroethylene) (BTO/P(VDF-TrFE)) nanocomposite membranes inhibited high glucose-induced M1-type inflammation, by effecting changes in cell morphology, M1 marker expression and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in macrophages. This led to enhanced osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). In vivo, the biomimetic electrical microenvironment recapitulated by the polarized nanocomposite membranes switched macrophage phenotype from the pro-inflammatory (M1) into the pro-healing (M2) phenotype, which in turn enhanced bone regeneration in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Mechanistic studies revealed that the biomimetic electrical microenvironment attenuated pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage polarization under hyperglycemic conditions by suppressing expression of AKT2 and IRF5 within the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, thereby inducing favorable osteo-immunomodulatory effects. Our study thus provides fundamental insights into the biological effects of restoring the electrical microenvironment conducive for osteogenesis under DM conditions, and offers an effective strategy to design functionalized biomaterials for bone regeneration therapy in diabetic patients.
グリメピリドの動脈硬化抑制効果:炎症性サイトカインや脈波伝導速度(baPWV)と増強指標(AI)による評価
Authors: Kawano T, Nomura M, Miyazaki S, Uemura E, Kageyama N, Kimura E, Yamaguchi K, Saitoh K, Nakaya Y
Journal: Circulation (2004)
Image-based profiling for drug discovery: due for a machine-learning upgrade?
Authors: Srinivas Niranj Chandrasekaran, Hugo Ceulemans, Justin D. Boyd, Anne E. Carpenter
Journal: Nature Reviews Drug Discovery (2020)

Image-based profiling is a maturing strategy by which the rich information present in biological images is reduced to a multidimensional profile, a collection of extracted image-based features. These profiles can be mined for relevant patterns, revealing unexpected biological activity that is useful for many steps in the drug discovery process. Such applications include identifying disease-associated screenable phenotypes, understanding disease mechanisms and predicting a drug's activity, toxicity or mechanism of action. Several of these applications have been recently validated and have moved into production mode within academia and the pharmaceutical industry. Some of these have yielded disappointing results in practice but are now of renewed interest due to improved machine-learning strategies that better leverage image-based information. Although challenges remain, novel computational technologies such as deep learning and single-cell methods that better capture the biological information in images hold promise for accelerating drug discovery. Image-based profiling is a strategy to mine the rich information in biological images. Carpenter and colleagues discuss how the application of machine learning is renewing interest in image-based profiling for all aspects of the drug discovery process, from understanding disease mechanisms to predicting a drug's activity or mechanism of action.
Distinct developmental pathways from blood monocytes generate human lung macrophage diversity
Authors: Elza Evren, Emma Ringqvist, Kumar Parijat Tripathi, Natalie Sleiers, Inés Có Rives, Arlisa Alisjahbana, Yu Gao, Dhifaf Sarhan, Tor Halle, Chiara Sorini, Rico Lepzien, Nicole Marquardt, Jakob Michaëlsson, Anna Smed-Sörensen, Johan Botling, Mikael C.I. Karlsson, Eduardo J. Villablanca, Tim Willinger
Journal: Immunity (2020)

The study of human macrophages and their ontogeny is an important unresolved issue. Here, we use a humanized mouse model expressing human cytokines to dissect the development of lung macrophages from human hematopoiesis in vivo. Human CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) generated three macrophage populations, occupying separate anatomical niches in the lung. Intravascular cell labeling, cell transplantation, and fate-mapping studies established that classical CD14+ blood monocytes derived from HSPCs migrated into lung tissue and gave rise to human interstitial and alveolar macrophages. In contrast, non-classical CD16+ blood monocytes preferentially generated macrophages resident in the lung vasculature (pulmonary intravascular macrophages). Finally, single-cell RNA sequencing defined intermediate differentiation stages in human lung macrophage development from blood monocytes. This study identifies distinct developmental pathways from circulating monocytes to lung macrophages and reveals how cellular origin contributes to human macrophage identity, diversity, and localization in vivo.
Community transmission of rotavirus infection in a vaccinated population in Blantyre, Malawi: a prospective household cohort study
Authors: Aisleen Bennett, Louisa Pollock, Naor Bar-Zeev, Joseph A Lewnard, Khuzwayo C Jere, Benjamin Lopman, Miren Iturriza-Gomara, Virginia E Pitzer, Nigel A Cunliffe
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2020)
Preclinical pharmacological evaluations of SMA-491, a nucleoside analogue related to sangivamycin
Authors: Mao Li, Wei Wang, Elizabeth Rayburn, Hui Wang, Donald Hill, Joseph Covey, Ruiwen Zhang
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

3306  4-Amino-6-hydrazino-7-s-D-ribofuranosyl-7H-pyrrolo(2,3-d)-pyrimidine-5-carboxamide (SMA-491, NSC 188491) is a nucleoside analog related to the anticancer agent sangivamycin. The NCI 60-cell line screening assay indicates that SMA-491 has potent cytotoxic and differential activity. It has antitumor activity in mice bearing P388 leukemia and in hollow-fiber evaluations. In addition, SMA-491 induces apoptosis in tumor cells, but not normal cells; exhibits antiangiogenic activity in vitro; and is considered to be a transcriptional inhibitor (Radhakrishnan and Gartel, Cancer Res., 2006). In the present study, we accomplished experiments to derive preclinical information for further development of this compound. 1) Establishment of HPLC and LC/MS methods for analysis of SMA-491 in biological samples. An HPLC gradient elution system with a Zorbax SB-18 analytical column with UV monitoring at 254 nm was used. The method was validated with acceptable correlation coefficients, accuracy, recovery, intra-day and inter-day variability and precision; the LOQ was determined for each matrix. The method was applied to in vitro studies and PK studies in mice and rats. 2) In vitro pharmacology. In dog plasma at 37oC, SMA-491 had half-life values of ~20 min and 1 hr for concentrations of 5 and 50 µM, respectively. At 4oC, corresponding half-life values were about 10 hr and >24 hr, respectively. At -80oC, the half-life values were 1-2 weeks for concentrations of 5 and 50 µM. In mouse plasma at 37oC, the half-life for SMA-491 at a concentration of 5 µM was  2 hr. The bioavailability of intraperitoneal and oral doses was about 15%. For rats dosed intravenously with SMA-491 (75 mg/kg), plasma concentrations decreased with values for t1/2α and t1/2s of 0.18 and 13.34 hr, respectively. Other values derived were: AUC, 58.1 µM·hr; Cmax, 160 µM; CL, 3.43 mL/g/hr; MRT, 5.98 hr; and Vss, 20.53 mL/g. The average urinary excretion was 2.66% of the administered dose. These results with SMA-491 will be useful if there are future developmental studies involving preclinical toxicology in animals and clinical evaluations in humans. (Supported by NCI Contract N01-CM-52207)
The Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Ross E. Rocklin, William A. Sheremata, Robert G. Feldman, Marian W. Kies, John R. David
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Abstract Blood lymphocytes from 83 subjects were evaluated for the presence of cellular hypersensitivity to peripheral and central-nervous-tissue antigens by means of the in vitro production of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). In the group of 25 patients with peripheral neuropathies, only lymphocytes from patients with the Guillain-Barre syndrome produced MIF in response to peripheral-nerve antigen. Lymphocytes from five of 15 patients with multiple sclerosis produced MIF when incubated with central-nerve antigen. An unexpected finding was that MIF was produced in response to central-nervous-tissue antigen by lymphocytes from six of nine patients who had had cerebrovascular accidents. Although these results further demonstrate that cellular hypersensitivity to components of nervous tissue is present in some neurologic diseases, the data from studies in patients with cerebrovascular accidents suggest that cellular hypersensitivity can be present as a result of nervous-tissue damage.
Mass cytometry reveals unique subsets of T cells and lymphoid cells in nasal polyps from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS)
Authors: Kathleen R. Bartemes, Garret Choby, Erin K. O’Brien, Janalee K. Stokken, Kevin D. Pavelko, Hirohito Kita
Journal: Allergy (2020)

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Exercise as a substitute for traditional airway clearance in cystic fibrosis: a systematic review
Authors: Nathan Ward, Scott Morrow, Kathy Stiller, Anne E Holland
Journal: Thorax (2020)

Background Exercise and traditional airway clearance techniques (ACTs) are both routinely recommended for people with cystic fibrosis (CF), with some people using exercise as a substitute for traditional ACTs. The effectiveness of this is unclear. We systematically reviewed the evidence for using exercise as a substitute for traditional ACTs in people with CF. Methods A systematic database and literature search were undertaken of studies comparing exercise to rest or traditional ACTs. Primary outcomes were respiratory function, respiratory exacerbations and health-related quality of life. Secondary outcomes included mucociliary clearance (MCC), sputum weight and ease of expectoration. Data are mean difference (95% CI). Results A total of 12 studies (15 reports) were included, all of short duration (single session to 2 weeks). In crossover trials, exercise did not improve forced expiratory volume in one second in comparison to rest, but peak expiratory flow was increased during treadmill exercise (mean difference (MD) range 1.00–1.16 L/s) and cycle ergometry (1.19 (0.96 to 1.42) L/s). Treadmill exercise improved MCC (2.6 (1.6 to 3.6)%) and ease of expectoration (MD range 1.3–1.8 cm) compared with rest. No consistent differences in respiratory function were evident when exercise was compared with traditional ACTs (four crossover studies). There was no significant difference in MCC or sputum weight in studies where forced expirations were included in the exercise intervention. Conclusions Exercise improves ease of expectoration and sputum clearance compared with rest. Exercise, incorporating forced expirations, may have similar effects to traditional ACTs over the short term. There are no data comparing exercise to traditional ACTs over the longer term. PROSPERO registration number CRD42018102780.
Neutrophil extracellular traps promote fibrous vascular occlusions in chronic thrombosis
Authors: Smriti Sharma, Thomas M. Hofbauer, Anna S. Ondracek, Stella Chausheva, Arman Alimohammadi, Tyler Artner, Adelheid Panzenboeck, Johanna Rinderer, Inbal Shafran, Andreas Mangold, Robert Winker, Evelyne Wohlschläger-Krenn, Bernhard Moser, Shahrokh Taghavi, Walter Klepetko, Klaus T. Preissner, Irene M. Lang
Journal: Blood (2020)
Association Between Peripheral Blood Cell Count Abnormalities and Health-Related Quality of Life in the General Population
Authors: Hanneke J. C. M. Wouters, Isabelle A. van Zeventer, Melanie M. van der Klauw, Bruce H. R. Wolffenbuttel, Gerwin Huls
Journal: HemaSphere (2020)

Complete blood cell counts, including differentials, are widely available and change on aging. Peripheral blood cell counts outside the normal range have previously been associated with increased mortality rates and a number of comorbid conditions. However, data about the association between blood cell count abnormalities, other than anemia, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are scarce. We investigated the association between abnormalities in (differential) blood cell counts and HRQoL in 143 191 community-dwelling individuals from the prospective population-based Lifelines cohort. HRQoL was measured using the RAND 36-Item Health Survey. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine the effect of blood cell count abnormalities on the odds of having a lower score than an age- and sex-specific reference value for each domain. Leukocytosis, neutrophilia, and a high neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio were associated with impaired HRQoL across multiple domains, both for younger and older (≥60 years) individuals. Using multivariable models, we confirmed that these associations were independent of the potential confounding factors obesity, smoking, alcohol use, number of medications (as a measure of comorbidity), anemia, and mean corpuscular volume. The impact on HRQoL was most pronounced for high neutrophil levels. Further, high white blood cell counts proved to be a better marker for inferior HRQoL as compared to elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels. Decreased HRQoL in several domains was also observed for individuals with monocytosis, lymphocytosis, and thrombocytosis. Taken together, the present study demonstrates an association between inflammatory and myeloid-skewed blood cell counts and inferior HRQoL in community-dwelling individuals.
Prognostic Value of Positive Presurgical FDG PET/CT in the Evaluation of Tumor-Induced Osteomalacia
Authors: Peipei Wang, Shu Zhang, Li Huo, Hongli Jing, Fang Li
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

Seventy-six patients who had surgically removed tumors that caused osteomalacia were included in this retrospective investigation. All patients underwent both 18F-FDG and 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT prior to surgery. The prognostic value of presurgical FDG PET/CT study was determined with 5-year follow-up.In the presurgical evaluation, 68Ga-DOTATATE detected lesions in all 76 patients. However, FDG PET/CT was positive in only 25 among all 76 patients. Following surgical removal of the causative tumor, all 76 patients had symptomatic relief and normalization of the serum phosphate level initially. However, 15 of 76 cases (19.7%) had recurrent hypophosphatemia and became symptomatic again during the follow-up. Among these 15 patients with recurrence, 11 (73.3%) had recurrent lesions at the original location of the resected causative tumors, whereas 4 were in other locations due to malignant nature of the primary tumor. Interestingly, 14 of these 15 patients with recurrent disease had positive presurgical FDG PET/CT findings with an incident ratio of 56.0% (14 of 25). In contrast, only 1 patient with recurrent disease had negative presurgical FDG PET/CT scan with an incident ratio of 1.9% (1 of 51), significantly less than the positive presurgical FDG PET/CT group (P < 0.05).A positive presurgical FDG PET/CT suggests increased likelihood for possible recurrence of TIO after surgical resection. In contrast, when a causative tumor detected by 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT does not have elevated activity on FDG PET/CT, the chance of recurrence is very small.
Covid-19: Russia admits to understating deaths by more than two thirds
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Russia admits to understating deaths by more than two thirds Owen DyerRussia's true death toll from the novel coronavirus pandemic is not about 57 000, as official figures claim, but more than 180 000, the country's deputy prime minister, Tatiana Golikova, conceded at a press conference.Russia: Authorities detain doctor who exposed flaws in covid-19 response.