tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 13116: Ventilatory Gas Exchange in Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Sashiananthan Ganesananthan, Christopher Rajkumar, Matthew Shun-Shin, Alexandra Nowbar, Michael Foley, Henry Seligman, Roland Wensel, John Davies, Darrel Francis, Rasha K Al-Lamee
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) provides a non-invasive evaluation of exercise physiology via ventilatory gas exchange (VGE). We do not know how these assessments correlate with myocardial ischemia or angina symptoms in patients with stable single-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD). In this analysis, we use randomised, blinded data from the ORBITA trial to investigate the association between VGE, ischemia and symptoms in patients with severe single-vessel CAD. Methods: Patients underwent treadmill CPET using the smoothed-modified Bruce protocol, after a 6-week medical optimisation phase during which antianginals were uptitrated. Symptoms were assessed using the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ), EuroQOL 5 and Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) angina class. Ischemia was quantified using fractional flow reserve (FFR), instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) and dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE). Results: We assessed 195 patients [mean age 66.1±9.1, 143 (73.3%) male]. We found a significant association between peak oxygen uptake (VO 2 ) and minute ventilation to carbon dioxide (VE/VCO 2 ) slope, and physician assessed CCS class [P correlation(cor) &lt;0.0001(Figure 1), P cor &lt;0.0001, respectively], patient-reported SAQ angina frequency score [P cor &lt;0.011(Figure 1), P cor &lt;0.0001], physical limitation (P cor &lt;0.0001, P cor =0.0001) and EuroQOL 5 visual analogue score (P cor = 0.0011, P cor =0.0019). There was no detectable relationship between peak VO 2 or VE/VCO 2 slope, and FFR, iFR or DSE (p&gt;0.05, for all). Patients with an oxygen pulse plateau however, had higher dobutamine stress echo score compared to those without (+0.71; 95%CI 0.22-1.21, p=0.0049). Conclusions: The association between VGE and angina symptoms is stronger than its ability to detect severity of myocardial ischemia. This analysis highlights the complexity of the relationship between symptoms, functional capacity and myocardial ischemia.
alpha 1-adrenergic agonists precondition rabbit ischemic myocardium independent of adenosine by direct activation of protein kinase C.
Authors: ATsuchida, YLiu, G SLiu, M VCohen, J MDowney
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

Ischemic preconditioning in the rabbit is initiated by adenosine A1-receptor stimulation, which activates protein kinase C (PKC). Additionally, alpha 1-adrenergic agonists can similarly protect ischemic myocardium, but there has been confusion about the role adenosine receptors play in this protection. To characterize the interaction between adrenergic and adenosine receptors and to study the possible role of PKC in this protection, we used isolated rabbit hearts perfused with oxygenated Krebs' buffer. All hearts were subjected to 30 minutes of regional myocardial ischemia and 2 hours of reperfusion. Infarct size was determined by triphenyltetrazolium staining. Pharmacologic preconditioning in hearts with a 5-minute phenylephrine (PE) infusion 10 minutes before the prolonged regional ischemia resulted in significantly smaller infarcts (9.7 +/- 1.3% of risk area) than in control hearts (31.0 +/- 2.6%, P < .05). This protection could be effectively blocked by administration of the alpha-adrenergic blocker p...
Direct in vivo gene transfer into the coronary and peripheral vasculatures of the intact dog.
Authors: C SLim, G DChapman, R SGammon, J BMuhlestein, R PBauman, R SStack, J LSwain
Journal: Circulation (1991)

Gene therapy approaches have been suggested for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. Recently, direct transfer of the gene encoding beta-galactosidase into peripheral arteries of the pig has been demonstrated. To determine whether this approach is applicable to other arterial beds and to other species, we first evaluated the use of beta-galactosidase as a marker protein in the canine model. We demonstrate that variable but substantial endogenous beta-galactosidase-like activity is induced by manipulation of canine peripheral arteries, which precludes the use of this marker protein in evaluating the efficiency of gene transfer in this model. A marker gene encoding firefly luciferase was then evaluated, and background luciferase activity was found to be low in the dog even after arterial manipulation. Using the luciferase gene, we then demonstrated lipid-mediated gene transfer directly into both coronary and peripheral arteries of the intact dog. These results indicate the feasibility of in vivo gene tr...
Echocardiographic observations on the association between mitral valve prolapse and asymmetric septal hypertrophy.
Authors: P AChandraratna, A OTolentino, WMutucumarana, A LGomez
Journal: Circulation (1977)

One hundred and ninety consecutive patients with mitral valve prolapse (MVP) were studied by echocardiography. Asymmetric septal hypertrophy (ASH) was noted in 16 patients. Three patients had syncope which was associated with supraventricular arrhythmias. Three others had episodes of presyncope which were not related to rhythm disturbances. One of the patients with MVP and ASH had a family history of idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis. The septal thickness ranged from 1.6 to 3.1 cm, mean = 2 cm. The posterior wall thickness ranged from 0.7 to 2.1 cm, mean = 1.0 cm. The ratio of the thickness of the interventricular septum to that of the posterior wall ranged from 1.5 to 2.5, mean = 1.9. The percentage of thickening of the septum in systole was reduced in 13 patients. The excursion of the interventricular septum was reduced in three patients. In nine patients the left ventricular end-systolic dimension was below the lower limit of normal. Percentage fractional shortening of the left ventricle was i...
Identification and differentiation of resting myocardial ischemia and infarction in man with positron computed tomography, 18F-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose and N-13 ammonia.
Authors: R CMarshall, J HTillisch, M EPhelps, S CHuang, RCarson, EHenze, H RSchelbert
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Studies have shown that the extraction of glucose per unit flow is increased in moderately ischemic myocardium primarily due to anaerobic glucose metabolism manifested as lactate production, whereas myocardial infarction is characterized by the loss of metabolically active myocardium. To determine the feasibility of demonstrating these metabolic abnormalities reflecting both ischemia and infarction, we used positron computed tomography (PCT) to evaluate relative regional myocardial exogenous glucose utilization and perfusion in 15 patients with recent myocardial infarction. The positron-emitting tracers of glucose metabolism and perfusion, 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) and N-13 ammonia, respectively, were used. Fourteen of 19 documented infarctions were demonstrated by PCT to have concordantly decreased glucose utilization and perfusion. However, in an additional 11 regions, glucose utilization was disproportionately increased relative to perfusion, consistent with ischemic glucose consumption. These ...
Atrial natriuretic factor inhibits the hypertension induced by chronic infusion of norepinephrine in conscious rats.
Authors: MYasujima, KAbe, MKohzuki, MTanno, YKasai, MSato, KOmata, KKudo, KTsunoda, KTakeuchi
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

To assess the physiological role of atrial natriuretic factors in the regulation of blood pressure and sodium-water excretion, we studied the chronic effects of continuous infusion of a synthetic atrial natriuretic factor of 25 amino acids for up to 3 days on systolic blood pressure, urine volume, and urinary excretion of sodium, prostaglandin E2 and kallikrein in conscious rats, and also evaluated the antihypertensive effect of this substance in rats with hypertension caused by chronic infusion of norepinephrine. Continuous infusion of atrial natriuretic factor (150 micrograms/kg per day) into the jugular vein via osmotic minipumps did not induce any changes in systolic blood pressure, urine volume, and urinary excretion of sodium, prostaglandin E2, and kallikrein for up to 3 days, compared with those in vehicle-infused rats. When the same dose of atrial natriuretic factor was administered simultaneously with 1.8 mg/kg per day of norepinephrine infused intraperitoneally by osmotic minipumps, the systolic...
Hitting The Bull’s-Eye in Barrett’s Esophagus: The Importance of Careful Inspection
Authors: R Küttner-Magalhães, M Garrido, J Alves-Silva, I Marques-de-Sá, C Peixoto, I Pedroto
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

A 67-year-old female with heartburn underwent upper endoscopy revealing a Grade C reflux esophagitis. After twice a day proton pump inhibitor, upper endoscopy was repeated and a C0M1-2 (~15mm) Barrett´s Esophagus with a diminutive Paris 0-IIa suspicious lesion with high grade dysplasia was detected. Band-assisted endoscopic mucosal resection was performed. Histopathological result was consistent with a 2mm, well/moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, m3, LV0, R0 in Barrett´s Esophagus.
218P Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes in lung cancer patients with FGFR genes alterations
Authors: J. Torres Jiménez, J. Esteban Villarrubia, E.M. Vida Navas, J.J. Soto Castillo, L. Sanz Gómez, I. Orejana Martín, P. Álvarez Ballesteros, J. Pozas Pérez, M. San Román Gil, V. Albarrán Fernández, J. Chamorro Pérez, D.I. Rosero Rodríguez, A. Gómez Rueda, E. Corral de la Fuente, Y. Lage, A. Santón, A. Benito Berlinches, M. Lario, M.E. Olmedo García, P. Garrido Lopez
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Cholinergic modulation of the coronary vasoconstriction induced by cocaine in conscious dogs.
Authors: R PShannon, B SStambler, KKomamura, TIhara, S FVatner
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDThe effects of cocaine on the coronary circulation were examined in conscious dogs chronically instrumented to measure arterial and left ventricular pressures, coronary blood flow, and arterial and coronary sinus oxygen content.METHODS AND RESULTSWith heart rate held constant, the peak effects of cocaine (1 mg/kg i.v.) occurred within 2 minutes, when mean arterial pressure increased by 42 +/- 5 mm Hg, coronary blood flow increased by 13 +/- 3%, and coronary vascular resistance increased by 24 +/- 3%. The arterial oxygen content increased significantly (by 2.8 +/- 0.3 vol%), the arterial-coronary sinus oxygen difference increased by 2.5 +/- 0.6 vol%, and myocardial oxygen consumption increased by 41 +/- 9%. The increase in coronary vascular resistance induced by cocaine was attenuated (p < 0.05) in the presence of cholinergic blockade (12 +/- 3%) despite a similar increase in MVO2 (49 +/- 8%). The increase in coronary vascular resistance was enhanced (p < 0.05) in the presence of beta-adrenergic ...
Correlation of circulating von Willebrand factor levels with cardiovascular hemodynamics.
Authors: W FPenny, MWeinstein, E WSalzman, J AWare
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDValvular heart disease is associated with a decreased platelet circulating time and a thrombotic tendency. The possibility that these events are related to changes in von Willebrand factor (vWF), a multimeric glycoprotein released from endothelial cells and platelets that mediates platelet adhesion to the vascular subendothelium, has not been examined.METHODS AND RESULTSWe measured the vWF antigen (vWF:Ag) concentration in 43 patients undergoing cardiac catheterization for the evaluation of mitral (n = 17) or aortic (n = 10) stenosis or nonvalvular heart disease (n = 16). Mean vWF:Ag concentration was significantly higher in patients with mitral stenosis than in those without (212 +/- 84 versus 150 +/- 79 units/dl, p less than 0.02); this elevation was associated with a significant elevation of pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in the patients with mitral stenosis (186 +/- 49 versus 133 +/- 81 dynes-sec-cm-5, p less than 0.02). The vWF:Ag levels in the entire group of patients (regardless of t...
Comment on Home et al. Predictive and Explanatory Factors of Change in HbA1c in a 24-Week Observational Study of 66,726 People With Type 2 Diabetes Starting Insulin Analogs. Diabetes Care 2014;37:1237–1245
Authors: Katherine Esposito, Maria Ida Maiorino, Giuseppe Bellastella, Michela Petrizzo, Dario Giugliano
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)

We read with interest the results of the A1chieve study (1), a noninterventional, observational, 24-week study examining the safety and effectiveness of insulin analogs (detemir, aspart, biphasic aspart 30 [all Novo Nordisk, Bagsvaerd, Denmark]) alone or in combination in routine clinical use in 66,726 people with type 2 diabetes. The mean change in HbA1c level was −2.1% (SD 1.7%) (–23 mmol/mol [19 mmol/mol]) in insulin-naive participants and −1.8% (1.7%) (–19 mmol/mol [19 mmol/mol]) among insulin users. The factor explaining most of the variance in HbA1c change was baseline HbA1c level, which accounted for approximately half or more of the improvement in HbA1c …
Myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity in intact versus skinned rat ventricular muscle.
Authors: W DGao, P HBackx, MAzan-Backx, EMarban
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

The Ca2+ sensitivity of myofilaments was compared before and after skinning in the same rat trabeculae at a diastolic sarcomere length of 2.2 to 2.3 microns. Trabeculae from rat right ventricle were loaded with fura-2 salt by iontophoretic microinjection, and [Ca2+]i was determined from the epifluorescence at 510 nm when excited at 340 and 380 nm. Steady-state activation was achieved by stimulating the muscle at 10 Hz after 10 to 20 minutes of application of ryanodine (5 mumol/L). The muscles were then skinned with Triton X-100 (1%) for 15 to 25 minutes and subsequently activated with solutions containing varied [Ca2+]. The intact force-[Ca2+] relation was highly cooperative (Hill coefficient, 4.87 +/- 0.35; n = 10), with a low [Ca2+]i required for half-maximal activation (K1/2) (0.62 +/- 0.03 mumol/L). After skinning, the Hill coefficient fell to 2.72 and the K 1/2 shifted rightward to 2.2 mumol/L in the presence of 1.2 mmol/L free Mg2+. Because of uncertainty regarding the appropriate [Mg2+], we measure...
Association between self-reported signs and symptoms and SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection in UK key workers
Authors: Ranya Mulchandani, Sian Taylor-Philips, Hayley E. Jones, A.E. Ades, Ray Borrow, Ezra Linley, Peter D Kirwan, Richard Stewart, Philippa Moore, John Boyes, Anil Hormis, Neil Todd, Antoanela Colda, Ian Reckless, Tim Brooks, Andre Charlett, Matthew Hickman, Isabel Oliver, David Wyllie
Journal: Journal of Infection (2021)
Activation of human platelets by cocaine.
Authors: A DKugelmass, AOda, KMonahan, CCabral, J AWare
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDCocaine ingestion has been associated with thrombosis of coronary as well as peripheral arteries, but the mechanism by which cocaine promotes thrombus formation is unknown. Accordingly, we determined whether cocaine activates human platelets by flow cytometric analysis of whole blood to which cocaine was added.METHODS AND RESULTSActivated platelets were detected by two-color flow cytometric analysis of the binding of fluorescently labeled antibodies directed against either platelet-associated fibrinogen or P-selectin, which are found on the surface of platelets only after stimulation. Platelets were distinguished from other constituents of whole blood by their ability to bind an anti-glycoprotein Ib antibody bound to both activated and resting platelets. Incubation of whole blood with cocaine, in concentrations of 10 microM to 13 mM, induced significant increases in both platelet-associated fibrinogen (range of increase, 45 +/- 12% to 125 +/- 40%) and P-selectin expression (36 +/- 15% to 112 +...
Differentiation of ventricular tachyarrhythmias.
Authors: K MRopella, J MBaerman, A VSahakian, SSwiryn
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Implantable devices capable of several modes of therapy will require differentiation of various ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Three methods of arrhythmia analysis, magnitude-squared coherence, ventricular rate, and irregularity of cycle length were performed for 45 episodes of induced ventricular tachyarrhythmia in 15 patients. Differentiation of monomorphic ventricular tachycardia from polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation was possible by mean magnitude-squared coherence, less possible by rate, and not possible by beat-to-beat irregularity. Faster monomorphic ventricular tachycardia overlapped with rates of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation. Differentiation of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation was not possible by rate or irregularity. A progressive decrease in mean magnitude-squared coherence from monomorphic ventricular tachycardia to polymorphic ventricular tachycardia to ventricular fibrillation strengthens previo...
Associations of AT(N) biomarkers with neuropsychiatric symptoms in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease and cognitively unimpaired individuals
Authors: Kok Pin Ng, Hui Chiew, Pedro Rosa-Neto, Nagaendran Kandiah, Zahinoor Ismail, Serge Gauthier
Journal: Translational Neurodegeneration (2021)

Abstract The development of in vivo biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has advanced the diagnosis of AD from a clinical syndrome to a biological construct. The preclinical stage of AD continuum is defined by the identification of AD biomarkers crossing the pathological threshold in cognitively unimpaired individuals. While neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are non-cognitive symptoms that are increasingly recognized as early manifestations of AD, the associations of NPS with AD pathophysiology in preclinical AD remain unclear. Here, we review the associations between NPS and AD biomarkers amyloid-β (Aβ), tau and neurodegeneration in preclinical AD and cognitively-unimpaired individuals in 19 eligible English-language publications (8 cross-sectional studies, 10 longitudinal, 1 both cross-sectional and longitudinal). The cross-sectional studies have consistently shown that NPS, particularly depressive and anxiety symptoms, are associated with higher Aβ. The longitudinal studies have suggested that greater NPS are associated with higher Aβ and cognitive decline in cognitively unimpaired subjects over time. However, most of the studies have either cross-sectionally or longitudinally shown no association between NPS and tau pathology. For the association of NPS and neurodegeneration, two studies have shown that the cerebrospinal fluid total-tau is linked to longitudinal increase in NPS and that the NPS may predict longitudinal metabolic decline in preclinical AD, respectively. However, evidence for the association between atrophy and NPS in preclinical AD is less consistent. Therefore, future longitudinal studies with well-designed methodologies and NPS measurements are required not only to determine the relationship among AT(N) biomarkers, NPS and cognitive decline, but also to elucidate the contribution of comorbid pathology to preclinical AD.
Signal-averaged electrocardiogram. Improved identification of patients with ventricular tachycardia using a 28-lead optimal array.
Authors: D SHo, R ADenniss, J BUther, D LRoss, D ARichards
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDAlthough the signal-averaged ECG (SAECG) is currently the best noninvasive test to identify patients with ventricular tachycardia (VT) following myocardial infarction (MI), it is still a relatively insensitive test. Body surface mapping has improved the sensitivity of ECG in detecting various cardiac diseases. This study applied body surface mapping to the SAECG in the form of a clinically practical, 28-lead optimal array and compared its sensitivity and specificity with those of an orthogonal array.METHODS AND RESULTSTwo hundred twenty-three patients with previous MI (82 with inducible VT) underwent SAECG using 28 surface electrodes from which were obtained a three-lead orthogonal array and a 28-lead optimal array (optimal). From the orthogonal array, two QRS durations (QRSd) were obtained using the combined vector magnitude method (CVM) and the earliest onset to latest offset of the three individually filtered leads (individual). From the optimal array, 28 QRSd were obtained, each defined as t...
CRTに際して左上大静脈(PLSVC)経由で左室リードを留置した拡張型心筋症(DCM)の一例
Authors: 旦一宏, 松原広己, 永井正浩, 川合晴朗, 池田悦子, 赤木達, 徳永尚登, 久松研一, 宮地克維, 宗政充, 藤本良久, 三河内弘
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Identification of an angiotensin receptor in rabbit renomedullary interstitial cells in tissue culture. Correlation with prostaglandin biosynthesis.
Authors: C ABrown, R MZusman, EHaber
Journal: Circulation Research (1980)

High affinity binding sites of angiotensin II (A II) have been characterized in rabbit renomedullary interstitial cells in tissue culture. Binding was rapid, specific, and saturable. Scatchard analysis of steady state saturation binding data at 22 degrees C indicated a single binding site with an equilibrium dissociation constant of 3.1 mM. The binding inhibition activities of analogues of angiotensin II correlated with their biological potencies: [Sar1, Ala8]A II greater than [des-Asp1]A II greater than greater than 3--8 hexapeptide. The biologically inactive 1--7 heptapeptide failed to displace the labeled angiotensin II from its binding sites. Angiotensin II directly stimulated prostaglandin E2 biosynthesis by the rabbit renomedullary interstitial cells in tissue culture. The concentration of angiotensin II that resulted in half maximal stimulation of prostaglandin E2 biosynthesis (6.5 nM) correlated with the concentration of angiotensin II that resulted in half maximal occupancy of binding sites (3.1 ...
An Uncommon Diagnosis in Suspected Cbd Stricture - A Video Case Presentation
Authors: Y Elimeleh, A-R Zeina, I Gralnek, H Awadie
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

A 41-year-old morbidly obese female with isolated elevated alkaline phosphatase noted during preoperative bariatric assessment was referred for hepatobiliary evaluation. Cross sectional imaging and magnetic resonance cholagiopacreaticography (MRCP) demonstrated a common hepatic duct (CHD) stricture with malignancy suspected. An endoscopic retrograde cholangiography confirmed CHD stricture. Brush cytology was benign. Due to malignancy suspicion and the planned bariatric surgery (gastric bypass surgery), direct cholangioscopy using SpyGlass was performed confirming a normal appearing CHD epithelium. However, cholangioscopy further demonstrated extrinsic compression of the CHD with arterial pulsations noted. Compression of the CHD secondary to right hepatic artery impingement was diagnosed.
Properties of a protein kinase C-activated chloride current in guinea pig ventricular myocytes.
Authors: K BWalsh, K JLong
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

Cardiac ventricular myocytes from several species, including the guinea pig, possess a cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA)-activated Cl- channel. In the present study, the properties of a protein kinase C (PKC)-activated Cl- current were studied in isolated guinea pig ventricular myocytes using the whole-cell arrangement of the patch-clamp technique. Intracellular dialysis of ventricular cells with PKC resulted in the activation of a large background current that displayed time-independent kinetics. In the presence of 146 mmol/L external Cl- and 71 mmol/L internal Cl-, the reversal potential (Erev) of the background current (-17 +/- 1 mV) was close to that of the Cl- equilibrium potential (-18 mV), and the current versus voltage relation for the current was outward rectifying in shape. When [Cl-]i or [Cl-]o was reduced by substitution of Cl- with aspartic acid, Erev for the background current shifted in a manner expected for a Cl(-)-selective channel. Based on Erev measurements, the permeability sequenc...