tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ethnic minority doctors are less likely than white colleagues to report workplace improvements during pandemic
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Ethnic minority doctors are less likely than white colleagues to report workplace improvements during pandemic Abi RimmerDoctors from ethic minority groups were less likely than white colleagues to experience improved team working and knowledge sharing during the first wave of the covid-19 pandemic, a report by the General Medical Council (GMC) has found.While most UK doctors reported some positive impacts despite the strain the pandemic has placed on healthcare, positive experiences were not shared equally.Results from the poll of 3693 doctors, carried out in June and July 2020, were published in the GMC's annual State of Medical Education and Practice in the UK report on 27 November. 1 Although three fifths (61%) of white doctors who responded to the survey said that the sharing of knowledge and experiences had been positively affected by the pandemic, just 46% of ethnic minority doctors felt the same.The survey also showed that 68% of white doctors believed that teamwork between doctors had improved during the pandemic, compared with 55% of ethnic minority doctors.And improvements in the speed of workplace changes were reported by 57% of white doctors, compared with 38% of ethnic minority doctors.
Accuracy and Cost-effectiveness of a Telemedicine Triage Initiative for Patients With Suspected Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
Authors: Christine Y. Wong, Roy M. Colven, Nicole S. Gibran, Barclay T. Stewart, Tam N. Pham, Saman Arbabi, Katherine L. DeNiro
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2020)

This retrospective analysis assesses triage accuracy and transportation costs associated with implementation of a multidisciplinary store-and-forward telemedicine triage system for patients with suspected Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis.
Clinical application of Epstein-Barr virus DNA loads in Epstein-Barr virus-associated diseases: A cohort study
Authors: Shenglei Yu, Qingluan Yang, Jing Wu, Mengqi Zhu, Jingwen Ai, Haocheng Zhang, Bin Xu, Lingyun Shao, Wenhong Zhang
Journal: Journal of Infection (2020)
COVID-19 and geographical area of origin
Authors: Francesca F. Norman, Clara Crespillo-Andújar, José Antonio Pérez-Molina, Belén Comeche, Sandra Chamorro, Begoña Monge-Maillo, Santiago Moreno-Guillén, Rogelio López-Vélez, Pilar Vizcarra, Francesca Norman, Clara Crespillo, José Pérez-Molina, Belén Comeche, Sandra Chamorro, Begoña Monge, Santiago Moreno, Rogelio López-Vélez, Maria Jesús Pérez-Elías, Jesús Fortún, Enrique Navas, Carmen Quereda, Fernando Dronda, Santos Del Campo, Javier Cobo Reinoso, José Luis Casado, Ana Moreno, Pilar Martín-Dávila, José Manuel Hermida, Vicente Pintado, Sergio Serrano-Villar, Matilde Sánchez-Conde, Rosa Escudero, Francesca Gioia, Sabina Herrera, Raquel Ron, Javier Martínez-Sanz, Mario Pons-Guillén, María Jesús Vivancos
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2020)
SAT0177 MULTITARGET THERAPY WITH TACROLIMUS AND MYCOPHENOLATE MOFETIL FOR TREATMENT OF LUPUS NEPHRITIS PRESENTED WITH RAPIDLY PROGRESSIVE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS
Authors: Y. Imai, H. Ikeuchi, J. Suwa, Y. Ohishi, M. Watanabe, M. Nakasatomi, H. Hamatani, T. Sakairi, Y. Kaneko, K. Hiromura
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Background: Although, most lupus nephritis patients present with chronic glomerulonephritis or nephrotic syndrome, some patients develop rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN), which is a clinical syndrome characterized by rapid loss of renal function over a short period of time (days to months). Multitarget therapy using tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) has been reported to be effective as induction therapy of Class III to Class V lupus nephritis 1 . However, its efficacy on lupus nephritis presented with RPGN has not been well reported. Objectives: We aimed to examine the efficacy of multitarget therapy on lupus nephritis presented with RPGN. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients with biopsy-proven lupus nephritis, who clinically showed RPGN, and were treated by multitarget therapy with tacrolimus and MMF in our department. Data were expressed as mean±SD. Results: Five lupus nephritis patients (3 female) with RPGN were treated by multitarget therapy as induction therapy. Mean age was 36.6±13.5 years old. Renal biopsy at treatment revealed Class IV(A) in 2, Class IV(A+C) in 1 and Class IV(A)+V in 2. The percentage of glomerular crescents was 23.1±25.4%. eGFR and proteinuria at the initiation of treatment were 46.8±11.5 mL/min/1.73m 2 and 7.7±3.4 g/gCr, respectively. Patients were initially treated with methylprednisolone pulse therapy followed by 0.8-1.0 mg/kg of prednisolone (PSL), 2-3 mg/day of tacrolimus and 1000 mg/day of MMF. At 6 months, eGFR and proteinuria improved to 72.9±11.3 mL/min/1.73m 2 and 0.19±0.13 g/gCr, respectively. At 12 months, eGFR and proteinuria further improved to 76.8±7.8 mL/min/1.73m 2 and 0.10±0.07 g/gCr, respectively and the dose of PSL was reduced to 6.6±1.5 mg/day. Three patients became positive for cytomegalovirus antigenemia and were successfully treated with antiviral therapy. Conclusion: Multitarget therapy is effective in lupus nephritis even in patients presented with RPGN. References: [1]Liu Z, Zhang H, Liu Z, et al . Multitarget therapy for induction treatment of lupus nephritis: a randomized trial. Ann Int Med 2015; 162: 18-26. Disclosure of Interests: Yoichi Imai: None declared, Hidekazu Ikeuchi Speakers bureau: CHUGAI PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD. Astellas Pharma Inc., Junya Suwa: None declared, Yuko Ohishi: None declared, Mitsuharu Watanabe: None declared, Masao Nakasatomi: None declared, Hiroko Hamatani: None declared, Toru Sakairi: None declared, Yoriaki Kaneko Grant/research support from: CHUGAI PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD. Astellas Pharma Inc. b, Speakers bureau: CHUGAI PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD. Astellas Pharma Inc., Keiju Hiromura Grant/research support from: CHUGAI PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD. Astellas Pharma Inc., Speakers bureau: CHUGAI PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD. Astellas Pharma Inc.
Annals Graphic Medicine - Be Aware of Droplets and Bubbles
Authors: Argha Manna
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Web ExclusivesJanuary 2021Annals Graphic Medicine - Be Aware of Droplets and BubblesFREEArgha Manna, MScArgha Manna, MScHowrah, India (A.M.)Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/G20-0114 SectionsAboutVisual AbstractPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Panel 1 Download figure Download PowerPoint Panel 2 Download figure Download PowerPoint Panel 3 Download figure Download PowerPoint Panel 4 Download figure Download PowerPoint Panel 5 Download figure Download PowerPoint Panel 6 Download figure Download PowerPoint Panel 7 Download figure Download PowerPoint Panel 8 Download figure Download PowerPoint Panel 9 Download figure Download PowerPoint Panel 10 Download figure Download PowerPoint Panel 11 Download figure Download PowerPoint Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Howrah, India (A.M.)Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=G20-0114.Author/Illustrator Information: Argha Manna is an independent science cartoonist (e-mail, argha.[email protected]com).This article was published at Annals.org on 1 December 2020. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics January 2021Volume 174, Issue 1Page: W3-W14 ePublished: 1 December 2020 Issue Published: January 2021 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2020 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Outlook for New CAR-Based Therapies with a Focus on CAR NK Cells: What Lies Beyond CAR-Engineered T Cells in the Race against Cancer
Authors: May Daher, Katayoun Rezvani
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2020)

Abstract Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) engineering of T cells has revolutionized the field of cellular therapy for the treatment of cancer. Despite this success, autologous CAR-T cells have recognized limitations that have led to the investigation of other immune effector cells as candidates for CAR modification. Recently, natural killer (NK) cells have emerged as safe and effective platforms for CAR engineering. In this article, we review the advantages, challenges, and preclinical and clinical research advances in CAR NK cell engineering for cancer immunotherapy. We also briefly consider the feasibility and potential benefits of applying other immune effector cells as vehicles for CAR expression. Significance: CAR engineering can redirect the specificity of immune effector cells, converting them to a much more potent weapon to combat cancer cells. Expanding this strategy to immune effectors beyond conventional T lymphocytes could overcome some of the limitations of CAR T cells, paving the way for safer and more effective off-the-shelf cellular therapy products.
226P Use of PSMA PET in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC)
Authors: A. Jensen, N. Karunaratna, S. Wong, J. Shapiro, A. Weickhardt, L. Spain, A.A. Azad, E. Kwan, A. Muthusamy, J. Torres, P. Parente, P. Francis, F.X. Parnis, J. Goh, P. Gibbs, B. Tran, A. Anton
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
Life Expectancy in Long-Term Survivors Transplanted for Myelofibrosis: A Registry Study from the Chronic Malignancies Working Party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation
Authors: Marie Robin, Diderik-Jan Eikema, Liesbeth C de Wreede, Wolschke Christine, Johannes Schetelig, Maria Teresa Van Lint, Dietrich W Beelen, Nina Simone Knelange, Arne Brecht, Dietger W. Niederwieser, Antonin Vitek, Lothar Kanz, Renate Arnold, Jürgen Finke, Liisa Volin, Ibrahim Yakoub-Agha, Arnon Nagler, Hermann Einsele, Xavier Poire, Patrice Chevallier, Ernst Holler, Per Ljungman, Stephen Robinson, Aleksandar Radujkovic, Yves Chalandon, Kroger Nicolaus
Journal: Blood (2017)
89P Biomarker analysis of regorafenib dose escalation study (RECC study): A phase II multicenter clinical trial in Japan
Authors: M. Enomoto, T. Yamada, M. Nakamura, S. Ishiyama, H. Yokomizo, C. Kosugi, H. Sonoda, K. Ishibashi, H. Kuramochi, K. Nozawa, Y. Yoshida, R. Ohta, S. Hasegawa, D. Ichikawa, Y. Hashiguchi, K. Hirata, K. Katsumata, H. Ishida, K. Koda, K. Sakamoto
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
15108 Long-term efficacy and safety of dupilumab in adolescents with atopic dermatitis: Results from an open-label extension trial (LIBERTY AD PED-OLE)
Authors: Andrew Blauvelt, Emma Guttman, Iftikhar Hussain, Zhen Chen, Paola Mina-Osorio, Ana Beatris Rossi, Sanofi Genzyme, Ashish Bansal
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Compromised counterselection by FAS creates an aggressive subtype of germinal center lymphoma
Authors: Raud Razzaghi, Shreya Agarwal, Nikita Kotlov, Olga Plotnikova, Krystle Nomie, Da Wei Huang, George W. Wright, Grace A. Smith, Moyi Li, Katsuyoshi Takata, Maryam Yamadi, Chen Yao, John J. O’Shea, James D. Phelan, Stefania Pittaluga, David W. Scott, Jagan R. Muppidi
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2020)

Fas is highly expressed on germinal center (GC) B cells, and mutations of FAS have been reported in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Although GC-derived DLBCL has better overall outcomes than other DLBCL types, some cases are refractory, and the molecular basis for this is often unknown. We show that Fas is a strong cell-intrinsic regulator of GC B cells that promotes cell death in the light zone, likely via T follicular helper (Tfh) cell-derived Fas ligand. In the absence of Fas, GCs were more clonally diverse due to an accumulation of cells that did not demonstrably bind antigen. FAS alterations occurred most commonly in GC-derived DLBCL, were associated with inferior outcomes and an enrichment of Tfh cells, and co-occurred with deficiency in HVEM and PD-L1 that regulate the Tfh-B cell interaction. This work shows that Fas is critically required for GC homeostasis and suggests that loss of Tfh-mediated counterselection in the GC contributes to lethality in GC-derived lymphoma.
A quantitative view on multivalent nanomedicine targeting
Authors: Laura Woythe, Nicholas B. Tito, Lorenzo Albertazzi
Journal: Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews (2020)

Although the concept of selective delivery has been postulated over 100 years ago, no targeted nanomedicine has been clinically approved so far. Nanoparticles modified with targeting ligands to promote the selective delivery of therapeutics towards a specific cell population have been extensively reported. However, the rational design of selective particles is still challenging. One of the main reasons for this is the lack of quantitative theoretical and experimental understanding of the interactions involved in cell targeting. In this review, we discuss new theoretical models and experimental methods that provide a quantitative view of targeting. We show the new advancements in multivalency theory enabling the rational design of super-selective nanoparticles. Furthermore, we present the innovative approaches to obtain key targeting parameters at the single-cell and single molecule level and their role in the design of targeting nanoparticles. We believe that the combination of new theoretical multivalent design and experimental methods to quantify receptors and ligands aids in the rational design and clinical translation of targeted nanomedicines.
Corrigendum re “Best Practices in Robotic-assisted Repair of Vesicovaginal Fistula: A Consensus Report from the European Association of Urology Robotic Urology Section Scientific Working Group for Reconstructive Urology” [Eur Urol 2020;78:432–42]
Authors: Marco Randazzo, Linda Lengauer, Charles-Henry Rochat, Achilles Ploumidis, Darko Kröpfl, Jens Rassweiler, Nicolo Maria Buffi, Peter Wiklund, Alexandre Mottrie, Hubert John
Journal: European Urology (2020)
Evaluating the Genomic Parameters Governing rAAV-Mediated Homologous Recombination
Authors: Laura P. Spector, Matthew Tiffany, Nicole M. Ferraro, Nathan S. Abell, Stephen B. Montgomery, Mark A. Kay
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2020)

Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors have the unique ability to promote targeted integration of transgenes via homologous recombination at specified genomic sites, reaching frequencies of 0.1%–1%. We studied genomic parameters that influence targeting efficiencies on a large scale. To do this, we generated more than 1,000 engineered, doxycycline-inducible target sites in the human HAP1 cell line and infected this polyclonal population with a library of AAV-DJ targeting vectors, with each carrying a unique barcode. The heterogeneity of barcode integration at each target site provided an assessment of targeting efficiency at that locus. We compared targeting efficiency with and without target site transcription for identical chromosomal positions. Targeting efficiency was enhanced by target site transcription, while chromatin accessibility was associated with an increased likelihood of targeting. ChromHMM chromatin states characterizing transcription and enhancers in wild-type K562 cells were also associated with increased AAV-HR efficiency with and without target site transcription, respectively. Furthermore, the amenability of a site to targeting was influenced by the endogenous transcriptional level of intersecting genes. These results define important parameters that may not only assist in designing optimal targeting vectors for genome editing, but also provide new insights into the mechanism of AAV-mediated homologous recombination. Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors have the unique ability to promote targeted integration of transgenes via homologous recombination at specified genomic sites, reaching frequencies of 0.1%–1%. We studied genomic parameters that influence targeting efficiencies on a large scale. To do this, we generated more than 1,000 engineered, doxycycline-inducible target sites in the human HAP1 cell line and infected this polyclonal population with a library of AAV-DJ targeting vectors, with each carrying a unique barcode. The heterogeneity of barcode integration at each target site provided an assessment of targeting efficiency at that locus. We compared targeting efficiency with and without target site transcription for identical chromosomal positions. Targeting efficiency was enhanced by target site transcription, while chromatin accessibility was associated with an increased likelihood of targeting. ChromHMM chromatin states characterizing transcription and enhancers in wild-type K562 cells were also associated with increased AAV-HR efficiency with and without target site transcription, respectively. Furthermore, the amenability of a site to targeting was influenced by the endogenous transcriptional level of intersecting genes. These results define important parameters that may not only assist in designing optimal targeting vectors for genome editing, but also provide new insights into the mechanism of AAV-mediated homologous recombination.
Pathological Cardiopulmonary Evaluation of Rats Chronically Exposed to Traffic-Related Air Pollution
Authors: Sabrina Edwards, Gang Zhao, Joanne Tran, Kelley T. Patten, Anthony Valenzuela, Christopher Wallis, Keith J. Bein, Anthony S. Wexler, Pamela J. Lein, Xiaoquan Rao
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2020)

Background: Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) is made up of complex mixtures of particulate matter, gases and volatile compounds. However, the effects of TRAP on the cardiopulmonary system in most animal studies have been tested using acute exposure to singular pollutants. The cardiopulmonary effects and molecular mechanisms in animals that are chronically exposed to unmodified air pollution as a whole have yet to be studied. Additionally, sex-dependent toxicity of TRAP exposure has rarely been evaluated. Objectives: This study sought to assess the cardiopulmonary effect of chronic exposure to unmodified, real-world TRAP in both female and male rats. Methods: Four-week-old male and female rats were exposed to TRAP or filtered air for 14 months in a novel facility drawing air from a major freeway tunnel system in Northern California. Inflammation and oxidative stress markers were examined in the lung, heart, spleen, and plasma, and TRAP deposits were quantified in the lungs of both male and female rats. Results: Elemental analysis showed higher levels of eight elements in the female lungs and one element in the male lungs. Expression of genes related to fibrosis, aging, oxidative stress, and inflammation were higher in the rat hearts exposed to TRAP, with female rats being more susceptible than males. Enhanced collagen accumulation was found only in the TRAP-exposed female hearts. Plasma cytokine secretion was higher in both female and male rats, but inflammatory macrophages were higher only in TRAP-exposed male spleens. Discussion: Our results in rats suggest pathological consequences from chronic TRAP exposure, including sex differences indicating females may be more susceptible to TRAP-induced cardiac fibrosis. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP7045
16282 Community relationships in the dry skin microbiome
Authors: David Arnold, Andrew Cawley, Alistair C. Darby, Francesco Falciani, Sally G. Grimshaw, Stacy S. Hawkins, Michael Hoptroff, Ashley MacGuire-Flanagan, Andrew E. Mayes, Barry Murphy, Sarah Paterson
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Reduced All-Cause Mortality in the ETHOS Trial of Budesonide/Glycopyrrolate/Formoterol for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. A Randomized, Double-Blind, Multicenter, Parallel-Group Study
Authors: Fernando J. Martinez, Klaus F. Rabe, Gary T. Ferguson, Jadwiga A. Wedzicha, Dave Singh, Chen Wang, Kimberly Rossman, Earl St. Rose, Roopa Trivedi, Shaila Ballal, Patrick Darken, Magnus Aurivillius, Colin Reisner, Paul Dorinsky
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2020)

Rationale: In the phase III, 52-week ETHOS (Efficacy and Safety of Triple Therapy in Obstructive Lung Disease) trial in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (NCT02465567), triple therapy with budesonide/glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate (BGF) significantly reduced all-cause mortality compared with glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate (GFF). However, 384 of 8,509 patients were missing vital status at Week 52 in the original analyses.Objectives: To assess the robustness of the ETHOS mortality findings after additional data retrieval for patients missing Week 52 vital status in the original analyses.Methods: Patients with moderate to very severe COPD and prior history of exacerbation received twice-daily dosing with 320/18/9.6 μg of BGF (BGF 320), 160/18/9.6 μg of BGF (BGF 160), 18/9.6 μg of GFF, or 320/9.6 μg of budesonide/formoterol fumarate (BFF) (all delivered via a single metered-dose Aerosphere inhaler). Time to death (all-cause) was a prespecified secondary endpoint.Measurements and Main Results: In the final retrieved dataset, which included Week 52 vital status for 99.6% of the intent-to-treat population, risk of death with BGF 320 was significantly lower than GFF (hazard ratio, 0.51; 95% confidence interval, 0.33-0.80; unadjusted P = 0.0035). There were no significant differences in mortality when comparing BGF 320 with BFF (hazard ratio, 0.72; 95% confidence interval, 0.44-1.16; P = 0.1721), nor were significant differences observed when comparing BGF 160 against either dual comparator. Results were similar when the first 30, 60, or 90 days of treatment were excluded from the analysis. Deaths from cardiovascular causes occurred in 0.5%, 0.8%, 1.4%, and 0.5% of patients in the BGF 320, BGF 160, GFF, and BFF groups, respectively.Conclusions: Using final retrieved vital status data, triple therapy with BGF 320 reduced the risk of death compared with GFF, but was not shown to significantly reduce the risk of death compared with BFF, in patients with COPD. Triple therapy containing a lower dose of inhaled corticosteroid (BGF 160) was not shown to significantly reduce the risk of death compared with the dual therapy comparators.
Developments in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Ricky D. Turgeon, Arden R. Barry
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal