tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
When 1 Plus 1 Equals 3—The Art, Not Science, of RVU Valuations
Authors: Christopher P. Childers, Melinda Maggard-Gibbons
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
The Fibrillin‐1/VEGFR2/STAT2 signaling axis promotes chemoresistance via modulating glycolysis and angiogenesis in ovarian cancer organoids and cells
Authors: Ziliang Wang, Wei Chen, Ling Zuo, Midie Xu, Yong Wu, Jiami Huang, Xu Zhang, Yongheng Li, Jing Wang, Jing Chen, Husheng Wang, Huizhen Sun
Journal: Cancer Communications (2022)

Abstract Background Chemotherapy resistance is a primary reason of ovarian cancer therapy failure; hence it is important to investigate the underlying mechanisms of chemotherapy resistance and develop novel potential therapeutic targets. Methods RNA sequencing of cisplatin‐resistant and ‐sensitive (chemoresistant and chemosensitive, respectively) ovarian cancer organoids was performed, followed by detection of the expression level of fibrillin‐1 (FBN1) in organoids and clinical specimens of ovarian cancer. Subsequently, glucose metabolism, angiogenesis, and chemosensitivity were analyzed in structural glycoprotein FBN1‐knockout cisplatin‐resistant ovarian cancer organoids and cell lines. To gain insights into the specific functions and mechanisms of action of FBN1 in ovarian cancer, immunoprecipitation, silver nitrate staining, mass spectrometry, immunofluorescence, Western blotting, and Fӧrster resonance energy transfer‐fluorescence lifetime imaging analyses were performed, followed by in vivo assays using vertebrate model systems of nude mice and zebrafish. Results FBN1 expression was significantly enhanced in cisplatin‐resistant ovarian cancer organoids and tissues, indicating that FBN1 might be a key factor in chemoresistance of ovarian cancer. We also discovered that FBN1 sustained the energy stress and induced angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo, which promoted the cisplatin‐resistance of ovarian cancer. Knockout of FBN1 combined with treatment of the antiangiogenic drug apatinib improved the cisplatin‐sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells. Mechanistically, FBN1 mediated the phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) at the Tyr1054 residue, which activated its downstream focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/protein kinase B (PKB or AKT) pathway, induced the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 (STAT2) at the tyrosine residue 690 (Tyr690), promoted the nuclear translocation of STAT2, and ultimately altered the expression of genes associated with STAT2‐mediated angiogenesis and glycolysis. Conclusions The FBN1/VEGFR2/STAT2 signaling axis may induce chemoresistance of ovarian cancer cells by participating in the process of glycolysis and angiogenesis. The present study suggested a novel FBN1‐targeted therapy and/or combination of FBN1 inhibition and antiangiogenic drug for treating ovarian cancer.
Intrahepatic mast cells in chronic liver diseases
Authors: Desmond J. Farrell, Julie E. Hines, Andrew F. Walls, Peter J. Kelly, Mark K. Bennett, Alastair D. Burt
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Mast cells are known to be present in human liver but their distribution and density in normal livers and in chronic liver diseases have not previously been examined. In this study, we quantified mast cell numbers and examined their distribution in percutaneous biopsy specimens from normal livers (n = 8) and in two chronic progressive liver diseases: primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) (n = 40) and alcoholic liver disease (n = 33). We compared differences in mast cell density between these two forms of chronic liver disease because it had been suggested that mast cells may play a role in the development of liver fibrosis, particularly in patients with chronic cholestatic liver disease who frequently have increased plasma histamine levels. Mast cells were identified by immunohistochemistry using a specific monoclonal antibody (AA1) raised against mast cell tryptase after an initial study showed this to be more sensitive for the detection of mast cells than the conventional histochemical stain, toluidine blue. Our results showed that small numbers of mast cells (3.9 ± 3.3/mm2) are present within the portal tracts and sinusoids of normal livers. In progressive chronic liver disease, increased numbers of mast cells were present, which correlated with the increasing amounts of liver fibrosis present. We found significantly more mast cells in the PBC group compared with the alcoholic group for a given amount of fibrosis. Our findings suggest that mast cells and their mediators may play a role in liver fibrogenesis. (HEPATOLOGY 1995; 22:1175–1181.).
Agricultural Pesticides
Authors: E. F. Edson
Journal: BMJ (1955)

This article sets out to help general practitioners, especially those in areas of intensive agriculture or horticulture, to deal with emergencies arising from the use of chemical pesticides.A short article can only empha- size the more important facts, in the hope that interested practitioners will then seek further information. Chemicals UsedThere is now a large and annually increasing range of pesticidal chemicals, with many proprietary brands and special-purpose variants.These chemicals differ so much in toxicity to animals and potential hazard in use that any attempt to divide them into such simple groups as "com- paratively safe" and "hazardous," as in the Table, may need revision later.The safest chemical can be dangerous if sufficiently mishandled, while the most hazardous can be safely used so long as adequate precautions are maintained.
Hygiene for Nurses.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Efficacy and predictive biomarkers of immunotherapy in Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer
Authors: Yuezong Bai, Tong Xie, Zhenghang Wang, Shuang Tong, Xiaochen Zhao, Feilong Zhao, Jinping Cai, Xiaofan Wei, Zhi Peng, Lin Shen
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2022)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated gastric cancer (GC) (EBVaGC) is a distinct molecular subtype of GC with a favorable prognosis. However, the exact effects and potential mechanisms of EBV infection on immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) efficacy in GC remain to be clarified. Additionally, EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) in situ hybridization (ISH), the traditional method to detect EBV, could cause false-positive/false-negative results and not allow for characterizing other molecular biomarkers recommended by standard treatment guidelines for GC. Herein, we sought to investigate the efficacy and potential biomarkers of ICB in EBVaGC identified by next-generation sequencing (NGS).An NGS-based algorithm for detecting EBV was established and validated using two independent GC cohorts (124 in the training cohort and 76 in the validation cohort). The value of EBV infection for predicting ICB efficacy was evaluated among 95 patients with advanced or metastatic GC receiving ICB. The molecular predictive biomarkers for ICB efficacy were identified to improve the prediction accuracy of ICB efficacy in 22 patients with EBVaGC.Compared with orthogonal assay (EBER-ISH) results, the NGS-based algorithm achieved high performance with a sensitivity of 95.7% (22/23) and a specificity of 100% (53/53). EBV status was identified as an independent predictive factor for overall survival and progression-free survival in patients with DNA mismatch repair proficient (pMMR) GC following ICB. Moreover, the patients with EBV+/pMMR and EBV-/MMR deficient (dMMR) had comparable and favorable survival following ICB. Twenty-two patients with EBV+/pMMR achieved an objective response rate of 54.5% (12/22) on immunotherapy. Patients with EBVaGC with a high cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) level were less responsive to anti-programmed death-1/ligand 1 (PD-1/L1) monotherapy, and the combination of anti-CTLA-4 plus anti-PD-1/L1 checkpoint blockade benefited patients with EBVaGC more than anti-PD-1/L1 monotherapy with a trend close to significance (p=0.074). There were nearly significant differences in tumor mutational burden (TMB) level and SMARCA4 mutation frequency between the ICB response and non-response group.We developed an efficient NGS-based EBV detection strategy, and this strategy-identified EBV infection was as effective as dMMR in predicting ICB efficacy in GC. Additionally, we identified CTLA-4, TMB, and SMARCA4 mutation as potential predictive biomarkers of ICB efficacy in EBVaGC, which might better inform ICB treatment for EBVaGC.
Comment on Sjöholm et al. Association of Bariatric Surgery With Cancer Incidence in Patients With Obesity and Diabetes: Long-term Results From the Swedish Obese Subjects Study. Diabetes Care 2022;45:444–450
Authors: Vincent Rigalleau, Marie-Amélie Barbet-Massin, Alice Larroumet, Kamel Mohammedi, Laurence Baillet-Blanco, Marie Monlun, Blandine Cherifi, Ninon Foussard
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)
Role of <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> in oral and orodigestive squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Richard J. Lamont, Zackary R. Fitzsimonds, Huizhi Wang, Shegan Gao
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2022)

Oral and esophageal squamous cell carcinomas harbor a diverse microbiome that differs compositionally from precancerous and healthy tissues. Though causality is yet to be definitively established, emerging trends implicate periodontal pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis as associated with the cancerous state. Moreover, infection with P. gingivalis correlates with a poor prognosis, and P. gingivalis is oncopathogenic in animal models. Mechanistically, properties of P. gingivalis that have been established in vitro and could promote tumor development include induction of a dysbiotic inflammatory microenvironment, inhibition of apoptosis, increased cell proliferation, enhanced angiogenesis, activation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and production of carcinogenic metabolites. The microbial community context is also relevant to oncopathogenicity, and consortia of P. gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum are synergistically pathogenic in oral cancer models in vivo. In contrast, oral streptococci, such as Streptococcus gordonii, can antagonize protumorigenic epithelial cell phenotypes induced by P. gingivalis, indicating functionally specialized roles for bacteria in oncogenic communities. Consistent with the notion of the bacterial community constituting the etiologic unit, metatranscriptomic data indicate that functional, rather than compositional, properties of the tumor-associated communities have more relevance to cancer development. A consistent association of P. gingivalis with oral and orodigestive carcinoma could have diagnostic potential for early detection of these conditions that have a high incidence and low survival rates.
EFFECT OF ADMINISTRATION OF AVOCADO JUICE (PERSEA AMERICANA MILL) ON RAT-INDUCED MALONDIALDEHID (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) LEVELS
Authors: Kahinta Putri Ardina, Miranti Dewi Pramaningtyas, Asri Hendrawati, Luthfi Adnan, Hilmi Adrian, Dimas Agus, Gusta Nariski, Raihan Lucky
Journal: Metabolism (2022)
A Guide for Diabetics.
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Dendritic cells a critical link to alveolar bone loss and systemic disease risk in periodontitis: Immunotherapeutic implications
Authors: Ahmed R. El‐Awady, Mahmoud Elashiry, Ana C. Morandini, Mohamed M. Meghil, Christopher W. Cutler
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2022)

Abstract Extensive research in humans and animal models has begun to unravel the complex mechanisms that drive the immunopathogenesis of periodontitis. Neutrophils mount an early and rapid response to the subgingival oral microbiome, producing destructive enzymes to kill microbes. Chemokines and cytokines are released that attract macrophages, dendritic cells, and T cells to the site. Dendritic cells, the focus of this review, are professional antigen‐presenting cells on the front line of immune surveillance. Dendritic cells consist of multiple subsets that reside in the epithelium, connective tissues, and major organs. Our work in humans and mice established that myeloid dendritic cells are mobilized in periodontitis. This occurs in lymphoid and nonlymphoid oral tissues, in the bloodstream, and in response to Porphyromonas gingivalis . Moreover, the dendritic cells mature in situ in gingival lamina propria, forming immune conjugates with cluster of differentiation (CD) 4+ T cells, called oral lymphoid foci. At such foci, the decisions are made as to whether to promote bone destructive T helper 17 or bone‐sparing regulatory T cell responses. Interestingly, dendritic cells lack potent enzymes and reactive oxygen species needed to kill and degrade endocytosed microbes. The keystone pathogen P. gingivalis exploits this vulnerability by invading dendritic cells in the tissues and peripheral blood using its distinct fimbrial adhesins. This promotes pathogen dissemination and inflammatory disease at distant sites, such as atherosclerotic plaques. Interestingly, our recent studies indicate that such P. gingivalis –infected dendritic cells release nanosized extracellular vesicles called exosomes, in higher numbers than uninfected dendritic cells do. Secreted exosomes and inflammasome‐related cytokines are a key feature of the senescence‐associated secretory phenotype. Exosomes communicate in paracrine with neighboring stromal cells and immune cells to promote and amplify cellular senescence. We have shown that dendritic cell–derived exosomes can be custom tailored to target and reprogram specific immune cells responsible for inflammatory bone loss in mice. The long‐term goal of these immunotherapeutic approaches, ongoing in our laboratory and others, is to promote human health and longevity.
Remarks on Paroxysmal Sneezing
Authors: S. Ringer, W. Murrell
Journal: BMJ (1888)

THE frequency witlh whichl of late years cases hlave been recorded under the title of " lay Fever," and similar termns, hlas attracted attention to a curious an(l interes.tingcomplaint, the very exist- ence of whlichl was not (lefinitely recognised until the pulblication in 1819 of Dr. Johln Bostock's account of his own symptoms andl
This Month's Highlights
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2021)

### Mutated PRDM15 in Galloway-Mowat, Nephrotic Syndromes Proteinuric kidney disease, a leading cause of ESRD in children, is part of Galloway-Mowat syndrome, a rare condition that includes a severe form of progressive nephropathy as well as prominent central nervous system features. The most
Traction Alopecia
Authors: H. V. Morgan
Journal: BMJ (1960)

and ConclusionsThe symptoms and signs of 126 cases of trichomonal urethritis in male patients are reviewed.The use of fresh urethral scrapings and of urethral cultures are recommended for diagnosis and for follow-up.The value of the early morning smear and culture test in diagnosis is stressed.The results of treatment in 112 cases are described.Moderately satisfactory results can be obtained by urethro-vesical irrigations, using a weak solution of potassium permanganate, oxycyanide of mercury, or dequalinium chloride.The presence of urethral stricture may be responsible for some cases of failure of treatment and of early relapse.I thank Mr. Ambrose King for permission to publish these findings and for his constant help and encouragement.
Incidence of Foodborne Illnesses—FoodNet, 1997
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Each year, millions of persons become ill from foodborne diseases, though many cases are not reported. The Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (Food-Net), the primary foodborne diseases component of CDC's Emerging Infections Program, was developed to better characterize, understand, and respond to foodborne illnesses in the United States. This report describes FoodNet surveillance data from 1997, the second year of surveillance, and compares findings with data from 1996. The findings demonstrate regional and seasonal differences in the reported incidence of certain bacterial and parasitic diseases and that substantial changes occurred in the incidence of illnesses caused by some pathogens (e.g., Vibrio and Escherichia coli O157:H7) but the overall incidence of illness caused by the seven diseases under surveillance in both years changed little.
Massage.
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>The International Medical Annual and Practitioner's Index for</i> 1890. Edited by P. W. Williams, M. D., Secretary of Staff, assisted by a corps of thirty-six collaborators, European and American Specialists in their several Departments. Six hundred octavo pages. Illustrated. E. B. Treat, Publisher, 5 Cooper Union, New York
Authors: W. M.
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1890)
Durability of benefit after transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention: insights from actigraphy
Authors: Thomas J. Stocker, David J. Cohen, Suzanne V. Arnold, Saskia Sommer, Daniel Braun, Lukas Stolz, Helene Hertell, Ludwig T. Weckbach, Mirjam G. Wild, Philipp Doldi, Martin Orban, Mathias Orban, Simon Deseive, Satoshi Higuchi, Steffen Massberg, Michael Nabauer, Jörg Hausleiter
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2022)

Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is associated with high mortality, morbidity and reduced physical capacity. This study was designed to examine the long-term impact of transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention (TTVI) on physical activity by using the method of actigraphy.Overall, we prospectively included 128 heart failure patients with severe TR (median age 79 years, 48% female) who were scheduled for TTVI. Patients were equipped with activity tracking devices for 1 week before TTVI, and again at 1-6 months and 1 year after TTVI. We compared continuous physical activity (CPA), defined as the mean number of steps/day with New York Heart Association class, quality of life assessments, and 6-min walk distance (all p <0.01). TTVI reduced TR to grade ≤2+ in 94% of patients. Median (interquartile range [IQR]) CPA at baseline was 3108 (1350-4959) steps/day, which increased by 31.4% to 3958 (1823-5657) steps/day at 1-6 months and 4080 (2293-6514) steps/day at 1 year after TTVI (p <0.001 for both comparisons). The impact of TTVI was significantly higher in advanced heart failure patients with low baseline activity (baseline CPA <1350 steps/day; 1-year CPA increase: +121.3%; p <0.001), when compared to moderate activity patients (baseline CPA 1350-4959 steps/day; 1-year CPA increase: +27.5%; p <0.01) or high activity patients (baseline CPA >4959 steps/day; 1-year CPA change: +2.6%; p = 0.39).One-week actigraphy demonstrates durable improvement of physical activity after TTVI. Fragile chronic heart failure patients with very low baseline activity, as determined by actigraphy in this study, significantly benefit from transcatheter intervention and should not be excluded from TTVI.
Poor oral health and hygiene habits in patients with infective endocarditis and previously identified predisposing cardiac condition: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Vanessa Moby, Sarah Millot, Marie-Line Erpelding, Edouard Euvrard, Geoffrey Bourgeois, Hélène Martin-Thomé, Catherine Chirouze, Pierre Tattevin, Christophe Strady, Nelly Agrinier, Francois Alla, Bernard Iung, Christine Selton-Suty, Bruno Hoen, Xavier Duval
Journal: Journal of Infection (2022)