tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Tei Index as an Expression of Right Ventricular Impairment and Recovery: Investment Grade or Subprime?⁎⁎Editorials published in JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging reflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging or the American College of Cardiology.
Authors: Nelson B. Schiller, Damon M. Kwan
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2009)
A Cluster-Randomized Trial of Hydroxychloroquine for Prevention of Covid-19
Authors: Oriol Mitjà, Marc Corbacho-Monné, Maria Ubals, Andrea Alemany, Clara Suñer, Cristian Tebé, Aurelio Tobias, Judith Peñafiel, Ester Ballana, Carla A. Pérez, Pol Admella, Núria Riera-Martí, Pep Laporte, Jordi Mitjà, Mireia Clua, Laia Bertran, Maria Sarquella, Sergi Gavilán, Jordi Ara, Josep M. Argimon, Gabriel Cuatrecasas, Paz Cañadas, Aleix Elizalde-Torrent, Robert Fabregat, Magí Farré, Anna Forcada, Gemma Flores-Mateo, Cristina López, Esteve Muntada, Núria Nadal, Silvia Narejos, Aroa Nieto, Nuria Prat, Jordi Puig, Carles Quiñones, Ferran Ramírez-Viaplana, Juliana Reyes-Urueña, Eva Riveira-Muñoz, Lidia Ruiz, Sergi Sanz, Alexis Sentís, Alba Sierra, César Velasco, Rosa M. Vivanco-Hidalgo, Juani Zamora, Jordi Casabona, Martí Vall-Mayans, Camila González-Beiras, Bonaventura Clotet
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

BackgroundCurrent strategies for preventing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are limited to nonpharmacologic interventions. Hydroxychloroquine has been proposed as a postexposure therapy to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), but definitive evidence is lacking.MethodsWe conducted an open-label, cluster-randomized trial involving asymptomatic contacts of patients with polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR)–confirmed Covid-19 in Catalonia, Spain. We randomly assigned clusters of contacts to the hydroxychloroquine group (which received the drug at a dose of 800 mg once, followed by 400 mg daily for 6 days) or to the usual-care group (which received no specific therapy). The primary outcome was PCR-confirmed, symptomatic Covid-19 within 14 days. The secondary outcome was SARS-CoV-2 infection, defined by symptoms compatible with Covid-19 or a positive PCR test regardless of symptoms. Adverse events were assessed for up to 28 days.ResultsThe analysis included 2314 healthy contacts of 672 index case patients with Covid-19 who were identified between March 17 and April 28, 2020. A total of 1116 contacts were randomly assigned to receive hydroxychloroquine and 1198 to receive usual care. Results were similar in the hydroxychloroquine and usual-care groups with respect to the incidence of PCR-confirmed, symptomatic Covid-19 (5.7% and 6.2%, respectively; risk ratio, 0.86 [95% confidence interval, 0.52 to 1.42]). In addition, hydroxychloroquine was not associated with a lower incidence of SARS-CoV-2 transmission than usual care (18.7% and 17.8%, respectively). The incidence of adverse events was higher in the hydroxychloroquine group than in the usual-care group (56.1% vs. 5.9%), but no treatment-related serious adverse events were reported.ConclusionsPostexposure therapy with hydroxychloroquine did not prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection or symptomatic Covid-19 in healthy persons exposed to a PCR-positive case patient. (Funded by the crowdfunding campaign YoMeCorono and others; BCN-PEP-CoV2 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04304053.)
372P Treatment patterns and outcomes in stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Real-world experience in Singapore from the KINDLE study
Authors: R.A. Soo, B.C. Cho, K. Prabhash, A.R. Jazieh, H.C. Onal, A. Kumar, R. Huggenberger, S. Robb, D.S. Weng Tan
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis: Potential for Targeted Therapy
Authors: Nicola Specchio, Alessandro Ferretti, Marina Trivisano, Nicola Pietrafusa, Chiara Pepi, Costanza Calabrese, Susanna Livadiotti, Alessandra Simonetti, Paolo Rossi, Paolo Curatolo, Federico Vigevano
Journal: Drugs (2020)
Evaluating the Clinical Impact of Cardiovascular Imaging: Is a Risk-Based Stratification Paradigm Relevant?⁎⁎Editorials published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology reflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACC or the American College of Cardiology.
Authors: Paul Schoenhagen, Rory Hachamovitch
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Looking beyond the smoke and mirrors
Authors: Crawford Moodie
Journal: Thorax (2020)

For more than a quarter of a century, tobacco companies have argued that plain packaging will increase sales of counterfeit cigarettes.1 The claim, that if all packs look the same they would be easier for criminals to copy and lower the cost to, and confuse, the public, who would be less able to distinguish fake from legitimate packs, seems credible. However, the presence of full branding is no barrier to duplicating cigarette packs, and the cost per pack for mass produced counterfeit cigarettes is so low that plain packaging could not reduce the price paid by consumers.2 As for confusion among the public, counterfeit cigarettes are generally significantly cheaper than …
Changes in Infarct Size and Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: New Prognostic Factors After Acute Myocardial Infarction?⁎⁎Editorials published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiologyreflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACCor the American College of Cardiology.
Authors: Bernard De Bruyne, Guy R. Heyndrickx
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
CT Angiographic and Plaque Predictors of Functionally Significant Coronary Disease and Outcome Using Machine Learning
Authors: Seokhun Yang, Bon-Kwon Koo, Masahiro Hoshino, Joo Myung Lee, Tadashi Murai, Jiesuck Park, Jinlong Zhang, Doyeon Hwang, Eun-Seok Shin, Joon-Hyung Doh, Chang-Wook Nam, Jianan Wang, Shaoliang Chen, Nobuhiro Tanaka, Hitoshi Matsuo, Takashi Akasaka, Gilwoo Choi, Kersten Petersen, Hyuk-Jae Chang, Tsunekazu Kakuta, Jagat Narula
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2020)
Constitutional morphological features and risk of hip osteoarthritis: a case–control study using standard radiographs
Authors: Hunar Abdulrahim, Qiang Jiao, Subhashisa Swain, Khosrow Sehat, Aliya Sarmanova, Kenneth Muir, Weiya Zhang, Michael Doherty
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

To evaluate the risk of association with hip osteoarthritis (OA) of 14 morphological features measured on standard antero-posterior pelvis radiographs.A case-control study of 566 symptomatic unilateral hip OA cases and 1108 controls without hip OA, using the Genetics of OA and Lifestyle database. Unaffected hips of cases were assumed to reflect pre-OA morphology of the contralateral affected hip. ORs with 95% CI adjusted for confounding factors were calculated using logistic regression. Hierarchical clustering on principal component method was used to identify clusters of morphological features. Proportional risk contribution (PRC) of these morphological features in the context of other risk factors of hip OA was estimated using receiver operating characteristic analysis.All morphological features showed right-left symmetry in controls. Each feature was associated with hip OA after adjusting for age, gender and body mass index. Increased sourcil angle had the strongest association (OR: 6.93, 95% CI 5.16 to 9.32). Three clusters were identified. The PRC varied between individual features, as well as between clusters. It was 35% (95% CI 31% to 40%) for all 14 morphological features, compared to 21% (95% CI 19% to 24%) for all other well-established risk factors.Constitutional morphological variation strongly associates with hip OA development and may explain much of its heritability. Relevant morphological measures can be assessed readily on standard radiographs to help predict risk of hip OA. Prospective studies are required to provide further support for causality.
Abstract P293: Resting Metabolic Rate, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Racial Differences in Adiposity among Adult Women
Authors: Robin P Shook, Gregory A Hand, Amanda E Paluch, James R Hebert, Xuewen Wang, Steven N Blair
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: African American (AA) adult females have a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity compared to their Caucasian (Cauc) peers. Lower resting metabolic rate (RMR) values, a hypothesized contributor to higher levels of adiposity, have been observed among AA women. However, it is unknown whether cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with RMR in this population. Methods: Sixty-two overweight/obese (body mass index [BMI] ≥25.0) yet healthy women (42 Cauc, 20 AA) between the ages of 21-35 years were recruited for the present study. RMR was measured using a ventilated hood system. Participants arrived fasted for at least 12 hrs and having refrained from alcohol/exercise for at least 24 hrs. Participants rested in a supine position for 30-minutes, followed by a 30-minute RMR gas collection period. Body weight (BW) and height were measured and body fat (BF) was calculated as the percentage of total weight identified as fat tissue by dual x-ray absorptiometry. CRF was measured via a metabolic cart during a modified Bruce treadmill protocol. Total energy expenditure (TEE) was assessed using an arm-based physical activity monitor worn at all times for 10 consecutive days. Energy intake (EI) was assessed over a 14-day period via interviewer-administered dietary recall. Results: Cauc and AA participants were similar in terms of age (27.6±4.2 years), weight (79.9±9.9 kg), BMI (29.4±2.9 kg/m2), body fat percentage (41.0±5.1 percent), and EI (1760±397 kcal/day). Compared to Cauc, AA women were slightly shorter (162.4±7.0 vs. 165.8±5.1 cm, p=0.0371), lower CRF (27.4±3.8 vs. 31.4±5.2 ml/kg/min, p=0.0032), lower TEE (2438±264 vs. 2598±303 kcal/day, p=0.0102) and lower RMR (1436±222 vs. 1569±181 kcal/day, p=0.0154). Energy expenditure resulting from moderate/vigorous activity was higher in Cauc females (552±386 vs. 355±197 kcal/day, p=0.0102). RMR was correlated with fat mass, CRF and race. After adjustment for age, race, body weight, fat-free mass, fat mass, and CRF, the least squares means for RMR remained lower in AA compared to Cauc (1444 vs. 1565 kcal/day, p=0.0034) and was only significantly related race (p=0.0034). Conclusion: The results of this study confirm previous research reporting lower RMR values among AA females compared to their Cauc counterparts, though these differences did not result in variations of adiposity. The current analyses suggest CRF plays an important role in the determination of RMR. The differences among racial groups in energy expenditure resulting from moderate/vigorous activity may play a key role in the determination of CRF and ultimately RMR.
TPGS/hyaluronic acid dual-functionalized PLGA nanoparticles delivered through dissolving microneedles for markedly improved chemo-photothermal combined therapy of superficial tumor
Authors: Tingting Peng, Yao Huang, Xiaoqian Feng, Chune Zhu, Shi Yin, Xinyi Wang, Xuequn Bai, Xin Pan, Chuanbin Wu
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2020)

Nanoparticles (NPs) have shown potential in cancer therapy, while a single administration conferring a satisfactory outcome is still unavailable. To address this issue, the dissolving microneedles (DMNs) were developed to locally deliver functionalized NPs with combined chemotherapy and photothermal therapy (PTT). α-Tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS)/hyaluronic acid (HA) dual-functionalized PLGA NPs (HD10 NPs) were fabricated to co-load paclitaxel and indocyanine green. HD10 NPs significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of low-dose paclitaxel because of active and mitochondrial targeting by HA and TPGS, respectively. PTT could further sensitize tumor cells toward chemotherapy by promoting apoptosis into the advanced period, highly activating caspase 3 enzyme, and significantly reducing the expression of survivin and MMP-9 proteins. Further, the anti-tumor effects of HD10 NPs delivered through different administration routes were conducted on the 4T1 tumor-bearing mice. After a single administration, HD10 NPs delivered with DMNs showed the best anti-tumor effect when giving chemotherapy alone. As expected, the anti-tumor effect was profoundly enhanced after combined therapy, and complete tumor ablation was achieved in the mice treated with DMNs and intra-tumor injection. Moreover, DMNs showed better safety due to moderate hyperthermia. Therefore, the DMNs along with combined chemo-photothermal therapy provide a viable treatment option for superficial tumors.
Diagnosing Patent Foramen Ovale: Too Little or Too Much?⁎⁎Editorials published in JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging reflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging or the American College of Cardiology.
Authors: Itzhak Kronzon, Carlos E. Ruiz
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2010)
Investigation into baby’s death reveals “20 year cover-up” of failures
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2020)

The UK government has apologised for “shocking and harrowing” mistakes in the care of a baby that were followed by a “20 year cover-up” of failures.1

Elizabeth Dixon was born prematurely in December 2000 and died just before her first birthday in December 2001. An independent investigation, commissioned by the former health secretary Jeremy Hunt, found that a catalogue of clinical errors that began before her birth led to her brain damage and death.

The report’s author, Bill Kirkup, a leading expert on healthcare safety, said, “There were failures of care by every organisation that looked after her, none of which was admitted at the time, nor properly investigated then or later. Instead, a cover-up began on the day that she died, propped up by denial and deception, which has proved extremely hard to dislodge over the years. …
Inflammasomes are activated in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with COVID-19 severity in patients
Authors: Tamara S. Rodrigues, Keyla S.G. de Sá, Adriene Y. Ishimoto, Amanda Becerra, Samuel Oliveira, Leticia Almeida, Augusto V. Gonçalves, Debora B. Perucello, Warrison A. Andrade, Ricardo Castro, Flavio P. Veras, Juliana E. Toller-Kawahisa, Daniele C. Nascimento, Mikhael H.F. de Lima, Camila M.S. Silva, Diego B. Caetite, Ronaldo B. Martins, Italo A. Castro, Marjorie C. Pontelli, Fabio C. de Barros, Natália B. do Amaral, Marcela C. Giannini, Letícia P. Bonjorno, Maria Isabel F. Lopes, Rodrigo C. Santana, Fernando C. Vilar, Maria Auxiliadora-Martins, Rodrigo Luppino-Assad, Sergio C.L. de Almeida, Fabiola R. de Oliveira, Sabrina S. Batah, Li Siyuan, Maira N. Benatti, Thiago M. Cunha, José C. Alves-Filho, Fernando Q. Cunha, Larissa D. Cunha, Fabiani G. Frantz, Tiana Kohlsdorf, Alexandre T. Fabro, Eurico Arruda, Renê D.R. de Oliveira, Paulo Louzada-Junior, Dario S. Zamboni
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2020)

Severe cases of COVID-19 are characterized by a strong inflammatory process that may ultimately lead to organ failure and patient death. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a molecular platform that promotes inflammation via cleavage and activation of key inflammatory molecules including active caspase-1 (Casp1p20), IL-1β, and IL-18. Although participation of the inflammasome in COVID-19 has been highly speculated, the inflammasome activation and participation in the outcome of the disease are unknown. Here we demonstrate that the NLRP3 inflammasome is activated in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and is active in COVID-19 patients. Studying moderate and severe COVID-19 patients, we found active NLRP3 inflammasome in PBMCs and tissues of postmortem patients upon autopsy. Inflammasome-derived products such as Casp1p20 and IL-18 in the sera correlated with the markers of COVID-19 severity, including IL-6 and LDH. Moreover, higher levels of IL-18 and Casp1p20 are associated with disease severity and poor clinical outcome. Our results suggest that inflammasomes participate in the pathophysiology of the disease, indicating that these platforms might be a marker of disease severity and a potential therapeutic target for COVID-19.
Needs and Preferences Regarding Nutrition and Supplement Use Among Individuals with Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: A Focus Group Study
Authors: Robyn M. Scherber, Sarah Morse, Anais Leproux, Brianna M Craver, Hew Yeng Lai, Holly Geyer, Amylou C. Dueck, Jeanne Palmer, Leslie Padrnos, Ruben A Mesa, Angela G. Fleischman
Journal: Blood (2017)
Self-assembled heptamethine cyanine dye dimer as a novel theranostic drug delivery carrier for effective image-guided chemo-photothermal cancer therapy
Authors: Chanuk Jeong, Saji Uthaman, Babak Bagheri, Juwhan Kim, Shameer Pillarisetti, In-Kyu Park, Yeu-Chun Kim
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2020)
17019 Screening of depressive disorders in a group of patients with seborrheic dermatitis of a dermatologic center of Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: David Alfredo Castillo Molina, Maria José Centeno, Paula Dubeibe, Marcela Duran Torres, Julian Sucerquia, Z. Diego M. Martinez, Maria Juliana Sanchez, Juliana Florez Peña, David E. Castillo
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Incident Type 2 Diabetes Duration and Cancer Risk: A Prospective Study in Two US Cohorts
Authors: Yang Hu, Xuehong Zhang, Yanan Ma, Chen Yuan, Molin Wang, Kana Wu, Fred K Tabung, Deirdre Tobias, Frank B Hu, Edward Giovannucci, Mingyang Song
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2020)

The influence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) duration on cancer incidence remains poorly understood.
Genetic and epigenetic determinants of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Tanner J. Bakhshi, Philippe T. Georgel
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2020)

Abstract Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of lymphoma and is notorious for its heterogeneity, aggressive nature, and the frequent development of resistance and/or relapse after treatment with standard chemotherapy. To address these problems, a strong emphasis has been placed on researching the molecular origins and mechanisms of DLBCL to develop effective treatments. One of the major insights produced by such research is that DLBCL almost always stems from genetic damage that occurs during the germinal center (GC) reaction, which is required for the production of high-affinity antibodies. Indeed, there is significant overlap between the mechanisms that govern the GC reaction and those that drive the progression of DLBCL. A second important insight is that some of the most frequent genetic mutations that occur in DLBCL are those related to chromatin and epigenetics, especially those related to proteins that “write” histone post-translational modifications (PTMs). Mutation or deletion of these epigenetic writers often renders cells unable to epigenetically “switch on” critical gene sets that are required to exit the GC reaction, differentiate, repair DNA, and other essential cellular functions. Failure to activate these genes locks cells into a genotoxic state that is conducive to oncogenesis and/or relapse.
Clopidogrel and Calcium-Channel Antagonists: Another Drug–Drug Interaction for the Ever-Wary Clinician?⁎⁎Editorials published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology reflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACC or the American College of Cardiology.
Authors: Neal S. Kleiman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
Lessons From a Population: The Limitations of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction as the Major Determinant for Primary Prevention Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators⁎⁎Editorials published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiologyreflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACCor the American College of Cardiology
Authors: William J. Groh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Empiric Antiarrhythmic Drug Therapy in Patients With Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy/Dysplasia: Pragmatism or Anachronism?⁎⁎Editorials published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiologyreflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACCor the American College of Cardiology.
Authors: L. Brent Mitchell
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
16835 A US population-based epidemiologic study of vulvar melanoma from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database
Authors: Maia K. Erickson, David Pontes, Rohail Memon, Bethanee J. Schlosser, Dennis P. West, Beatrice Nardone
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Autologous faecal microbiota transplantation for type 1 diabetes: a potential mindshift in therapeutic microbiome manipulation?
Authors: Gianluca Ianiro, Antonio Gasbarrini, Giovanni Cammarota
Journal: Gut (2020)

A growing body of evidence shows that the alteration of gut microbiota is involved in the pathogenesis of both autoimmune and metabolic disorders. This connection is straightforward, as human gut microbiota is known to shape the immune system and regulate the metabolism during early life, so its imbalance is expected to breach the homoeostatic healthy state and be a potential driver of disease. Based on this background, the increasing prevalence of both autoimmune and metabolic disorders worldwide has been hypothesised to be potentially caused by the progressive depletion of human gut microbiota that are associated with modern Western lifestyle.1 More specifically, this intriguing evolutionary theory rests on the evidence of common mechanistic pathways of response to changes in gut microbiome, that are shared by autoimmune and metabolic diseases. The use of broad-spectrum antibiotics—which are, basically, the fastest and most detrimental driver of dysbiosis—during early life has been identified as a risk factor for the later development of both early onset IBD2 and obesity/overweight,3 in human cohorts and in elegant mouse models.3 On the other side, the therapeutic modulation of gut microbiota, mainly faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), has brought promising results in these settings, including UC4 and metabolic syndrome (MetS).5 

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) represents an interesting …
Abstract 12626: The VEST Trial: A Cardiac MRI Perspective
Authors: Sai Krishna C Korada, Jordan Long, Ellianna Hoff, Ronald Williams, Robert Biederman, J. Ronald Mikolich
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Cardiac MRI (CMR) can detect and quantify myocardial scar with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). LV ejection fraction (EF) is the standard for risk stratification of sudden cardiac d...