tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Quantitative CT metrics are associated with longitudinal lung function decline and future asthma exacerbations: Results from SARP-3
Authors: James G. Krings, Charles W. Goss, Daphne Lew, Maanasi Samant, Mary Clare McGregor, Jonathan Boomer, Leonard B. Bacharier, Ajay Sheshadri, Chase Hall, Joshua Brownell, Ken B. Schechtman, Samuel Peterson, Stephen McEleney, David T. Mauger, John V. Fahy, Sean B. Fain, Loren C. Denlinger, Elliot Israel, George Washko, Eric Hoffman, Sally E. Wenzel, Mario Castro
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2021)
Prospective Cohort Study of Infective Endocarditis in People Who Inject Drugs
Authors: Juan M. Pericàs, Jaume Llopis, Eugene Athan, Marta Hernández-Meneses, Margaret M. Hannan, David R. Murdoch, Zeina Kanafani, Tomas Freiberger, Jacob Strahilevitz, Nuria Fernández-Hidalgo, Cristiane Lamas, Emanuele Durante-Mangoni, Pierre Tattevin, Francisco Nacinovich, Vivian H. Chu, José M. Miró
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Abstract 13005: Cardiac Involvement in Classical or Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome is Uncommon
Authors: Sharon Paige, Kirstie Lechich, Elif Seda Selamet Tierney, Ronnie T Collins
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: The cardiac-valvular and vascular subtypes of Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) have significant cardiovascular issues, specifically aortic or mitral valve dysfunction, and arterial dilati...
IL-17 in the Pathogenesis of Disease: Good Intentions Gone Awry
Authors: Saikat Majumder, Mandy J. McGeachy
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (2021)

The IL-17 family is an evolutionarily old cytokine family consisting of six members (IL-17A through IL-17F). IL-17 family cytokines signal through heterodimeric receptors that include the shared IL-17RA subunit, which is widely expressed throughout the body on both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. The founding family member, IL-17A, is usually referred to as IL-17 and has received the most attention for proinflammatory roles in autoimmune diseases like psoriasis. However, IL-17 is associated with a wide array of diseases with perhaps surprisingly variable pathologies. This review focuses on recent advances in the roles of IL-17 during health and in disease pathogenesis. To decipher the functions of IL-17 in diverse disease processes it is useful to first consider the physiological functions that IL-17 contributes to health. We then discuss how these beneficial functions can be diverted toward pathogenic amplification of deleterious pathways driving chronic disease.
Abstract PO005: A comprehensive analysis of the transcriptional effects of progesterone receptor isoforms A and B identifies <i>VEGF</i>, <i>PDGF</i> and <i>STAT3</i> as therapeutic targets
Authors: Kimberly K. Leslie, Stephanie M. Leiva, Donghai Dai, Yuping Zhang, Kristina W. Thiel
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract Progesterone prevents development of endometrial cancers through its receptors A (PRA) and B (PRB) although the molecular mechanisms have yet to be fully characterized. In this study, we performed a global analysis of gene regulation by progesterone using human endometrial cancer cells that express heterologous progesterone receptors. Functional replicate Affymetrix microarrays encompassing 54,000 transcripts were performed for two independent experiments. Data suggest that progesterone exerts the growth-limiting effects in endometrium via down-regulation of several growth factors important in angiogenesis and cell proliferation. In particular, progesterone down-regulates the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) genes. Down-regulation of these pro-growth pathways required the co-expression of both PR isoforms A and B, whereas expression of either isoform alone resulted in unchanged or even elevated levels of PDGF and STAT3 transcripts. Our study identifies these pathways as central to the growth limiting effects of progesterone in endometrial cancer and suggests that these factors constitute important targets for future therapeutic interventions. We also provide a comprehensive catalogue of the transcriptional effects of PR isoforms in endometrial cancer for future reference. Citation Format: Kimberly K. Leslie, Stephanie M. Leiva, Donghai Dai, Yuping Zhang, Kristina W. Thiel. A comprehensive analysis of the transcriptional effects of progesterone receptor isoforms A and B identifies VEGF, PDGF and STAT3 as therapeutic targets [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference: Endometrial Cancer: New Biology Driving Research and Treatment; 2020 Nov 9-10. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2021;27(3_Suppl):Abstract nr PO005.
Determination of Brain Death
Authors: Trevor M. Bibler, Alison Suen
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Polyps and skin lesions: what could it be?
Authors: Tarek Nammour, Lamiaa Hamie, Kassem A Barada
Journal: Gut (2021)

A 51-year-old man presented to our gastroenterology clinic complaining of bloating and belching. His medical history was significant for diabetes mellitus and thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid cancer. He reported occasional heartburn but denied any abdominal pain, change in bowel habits, weight loss or family history of malignancy. One of his children had autism. Physical examination was noted for asymptomatic skin-coloured lesions over the feet (figure 1A) but was otherwise negative. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed numerous whitish plaques in the oesophagus (figure 1B), along with multiple small polyps in the stomach (figure 1C) and duodenum. …
Reports of Anaphylaxis After Receipt of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in the US—December 14, 2020-January 18, 2021
Authors: Tom T. Shimabukuro, Matthew Cole, John R. Su
Journal: JAMA (2021)

This JAMA Insights review provides clinical details of anaphylactic reactions reported to and verified by the CDC in the first month of use of the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines in the US, December 14, 2020-January 18, 2021.
A Patient With Congenital Heart Disease, Presenting With Angina
Authors: Marta Peverelli, Ashwin Reddy, Marina L. Hughes
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Patient's perceived quality and satisfaction of Teleconsultation Services in an Allergy Department during COVID-19 pandemic era
Authors: Aida Bermejo-Becerro, Filip Skrabski, Esperanza Pérez-Pallisé, Sandra Rodríguez-Hermida, José Manuel Zubeldia, Alberto Alvarez-Perea
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2021)
The <i>ESR1</i> Mutations: From Bedside to Bench to Bedside
Authors: Francisco Hermida-Prado, Rinath Jeselsohn
Journal: Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract The ESR1 ligand–binding mutations were unveiled a number of years ago and are the most common genetic mechanism of acquired resistance to endocrine treatment, particularly, to aromatase inhibitors. The discovery of these mutations was enabled after advancements in sequencing technologies and when metastatic tissue samples were interrogated. The ESR1 ligand–binding domain mutations are activating mutations that lead to constitutive ligand-independent activity, which explains the emergence of these mutations under the selective pressure of aromatase inhibitors. Arnesen and colleagues have generated new models of the ESR1 mutations using CRISPR technology to generate single-cell–derived clones in which the ESR1 ligand–binding mutations were “knocked-in” and expressed under the endogenous promoter of estrogen receptor. The authors have extensively characterized these models and have shed new light on the functional consequences ESR1 mutations. See related article by Arnesen et al., p. 539
Microarray Analysis of Major Epitopes Among Tree Nut-Allergic Individuals May Explain Patterns of Cross-Desensitization
Authors: Stephen Gipson, Jacqueline Nesbit, Hsiaopo Cheng, Suzanne Teuber, Stephen Dreskin, S Shahzad Mustafa, Barry Hurlburt, Soheila Maleki
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2021)
Prophylactic Pre-Operative Coronary Revascularization: Is the Phoenix Awakening?⁎⁎Editorials published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiologyreflect the views of the author and do not necessarily represent the view of JACCor the American College of Cardiology.
Authors: Giora Landesberg, Morris Mosseri
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
3 ′-5 ′ crosstalk contributes to transcriptional bursting
Authors: Massimo Cavallaro, Mark D. Walsh, Matt Jones, James Teahan, Simone Tiberi, Bärbel Finkenstädt, Daniel Hebenstreit
Journal: Genome biology (2021)

Abstract Background Transcription in mammalian cells is a complex stochastic process involving shuttling of polymerase between genes and phase-separated liquid condensates. It occurs in bursts, which results in vastly different numbers of an mRNA species in isogenic cell populations. Several factors contributing to transcriptional bursting have been identified, usually classified as intrinsic, in other words local to single genes, or extrinsic, relating to the macroscopic state of the cell. However, some possible contributors have not been explored yet. Here, we focus on processes at the 3 ′ and 5 ′ ends of a gene that enable reinitiation of transcription upon termination. Results Using Bayesian methodology, we measure the transcriptional bursting in inducible transgenes, showing that perturbation of polymerase shuttling typically reduces burst size, increases burst frequency, and thus limits transcriptional noise. Analysis based on paired-end tag sequencing (PolII ChIA-PET) suggests that this effect is genome wide. The observed noise patterns are also reproduced by a generative model that captures major characteristics of the polymerase flux between the ends of a gene and a phase-separated compartment. Conclusions Interactions between the 3 ′ and 5 ′ ends of a gene, which facilitate polymerase recycling, are major contributors to transcriptional noise.
Bioethics Advocacy in Ethos, Practice and Metrics
Authors: Amelia K. Barwise, Bjoerg Thorsteinsdottir, Megan A. Allyse, Michelle J. Clarke, Karen M. Meagher
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2021)

Bioethicists in healthcare institutions have the skills and insights and can and must facilitate and promote measures that address deeply ingrained structural issues that exacerbate health inequity...
Abstract 15006: Malnutrition Risk and Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test Performance
Authors: Rani Kuttab, Joronia Chery, Amanda R Vest
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Scores using laboratory values and body mass to assess malnutrition risk, such as Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), and COntrolling NUTritio...
OLIG2 maintenance is not essential for diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma cell line growth but regulates tumor phenotypes
Authors: Yunfei Liao, Zaili Luo, Yaqi Deng, Feng Zhang, Rohit Rao, Jiajia Wang, Lingli Xu, Shiva Senthil Kumar, Satarupa Sengupta, Mariko DeWire-Schottmiller, Kalen Berry, Matthew Garrett, Maryam Fouladi, Rachid Drissi, Qing Richard Lu
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2021)

Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a pediatric lethal high-grade brainstem glioma with no effective therapies. OLIG2 (oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2) was reported to be critical for the growth of a DIPG cell line CCHMC-DIPG-1. Surprisingly, we found that the CCHMC-DIPG-1 cells express little OLIG2 and exhibit a mesenchymal phenotype, which raised a question regarding the role of OLIG2 in the growth of DIPG cells.We evaluated the function of OLIG2 in different DIPG cell lines through molecular and genetic approaches and performed transcriptomic and genomic landscape profiling including whole-genome bisulfite sequencing, RNA-seq, ATAC-seq, and ChIP-seq. shRNA-mediated knockdown and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout approaches were utilized to assess OLIG2 functions in DIPG cell growth.We found that DIPG cells are phenotypically heterogeneous and exhibit the characteristics of distinct malignant gliomas including proneural, classical, and mesenchymal subtypes. OLIG2 knockdown did not impact the growth of CCHMC-DIPG-1 cells, wherein OLIG2 is epigenetically silenced. Moreover, OLIG2 deletion did not substantially impair OLIG2-expressing proneural-like DIPG growth but led to an upregulation of HIPPO-YAP1 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling and a tumor phenotype shift. Targeting HIPPO-YAP1 and EGFR signaling in OLIG2-deficient DIPG cells inhibited tumor cell growth.Our data indicate that OLIG2 is dispensable for DIPG growth but regulates the phenotypic switch of DIPG tumor cells. OLIG2 downregulation leads to deregulation of adaptive YAP1 and EGFR signaling. Targeting YAP1 and EGFR pathways inhibits the growth of OLIG2-deficient DIPG cells, pointing to a therapeutic potential by targeting adaptive signaling to treat DIPG tumors with nominal OLIG2 expression.
Atherosclerosis Regression and Cholesterol Efflux in Hypertriglyceridemic Mice
Authors: Tatjana Josefs, Debapriya Basu, Tomas Vaisar, Britt Arets, Jenny E. Kanter, Lesley-Ann Huggins, Yunying Hu, Jianhua Liu, Noemie Clouet-Foraison, Jay W. Heinecke, Karin E. Bornfeldt, Ira J. Goldberg, Edward A. Fisher
Journal: Circulation Research (2021)

Rationale: Hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), both of which are regulated by LpL (lipoprotein lipase) activity, associate with increased cardiovascular disease. Genetic regulators of LpL actions track with cardiovascular disease risk in humans. Whether this is due to changes in HDL-C or function or circulating triglyceride levels is unresolved. Objective: We created hypertriglyceridemia and HDL-C reduction in atherosclerotic mice to allow the assessment of how hypertriglyceridemia and reduced HDL-C affect regression of atherosclerosis and the phenotype of plaque macrophages. Methods and Results: Atherosclerosis regression was studied in control LpL floxed ( Lpl fl/fl ) mice and tamoxifen-inducible whole-body LpL knockout ( iLpl −/− ) mice with hypertriglyceridemia (≈500 mg/dL) and reduced HDL-C (≈50% reduction). Atherosclerosis regression was studied using 2 models in which advanced plaques resulting from hypercholesterolemia are exposed to normal LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) levels using aortic transplantation or treatments with oligonucleotides. In a subset of mice, we expressed hCETP (human cholesterol ester transfer protein) to humanize the relationship between apoB-lipoproteins and HDL. HDL particle number, cholesterol efflux capacity, and HDL proteome were measured in hypertriglyceridemia mice and humans. Surprisingly, hypertriglyceridemia and reduced HDL-C levels due to loss of LpL did not affect atherosclerosis lesion size or macrophage content (CD68+cells) in either model. Expression of hCETP and further reduction of HDL-C did not alter lesions. Sera from iLpl −/− mice had a decrease in total cholesterol efflux capacity, but not ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter A1)-mediated cholesterol efflux capacity. Hypertriglyceridemic humans, including those with LpL deficiency, had greater ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux capacity and total cholesterol efflux capacity per HDL particle number. Conclusions: Atherosclerosis regression in mice is driven by LDL-C reduction and is not affected by hypertriglyceridemia and plasma HDL-C levels.
Atropine for the Treatment of Childhood Myopia in India: Multicentric Randomized Trial
Authors: Rohit Saxena, Rebika Dhiman, Vinay Gupta, Pawan Kumar, Jyoti Matalia, Lipika Roy, Meenakshi Swaminathan, Swati Phuljhele, T Velpandian, Namrata Sharma
Journal: Ophthalmology (2021)
Internet search patterns reveal clinical course of COVID-19 disease progression and pandemic spread across 32 countries
Authors: Tina Lu, Ben Y. Reis
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2021)

Effective public health response to novel pandemics relies on accurate and timely surveillance of pandemic spread, as well as characterization of the clinical course of the disease in affected individuals. We sought to determine whether Internet search patterns can be useful for tracking COVID-19 spread, and whether these data could also be useful in understanding the clinical progression of the disease in 32 countries across six continents. Temporal correlation analyses were conducted to characterize the relationships between a range of COVID-19 symptom-specific search terms and reported COVID-19 cases and deaths for each country from January 1 through April 20, 2020. Increases in COVID-19 symptom-related searches preceded increases in reported COVID-19 cases and deaths by an average of 18.53 days (95% CI 15.98-21.08) and 22.16 days (20.33-23.99), respectively. Cross-country ensemble averaging was used to derive average temporal profiles for each search term, which were combined to create a search-data-based view of the clinical course of disease progression. Internet search patterns revealed a clear temporal pattern of disease progression for COVID-19: Initial symptoms of fever, dry cough, sore throat and chills were followed by shortness of breath an average of 5.22 days (3.30-7.14) after initial symptom onset, matching the clinical course reported in the medical literature. This study shows that Internet search data can be useful for characterizing the detailed clinical course of a disease. These data are available in real-time at population scale, providing important benefits as a complementary resource for tracking pandemics, especially before widespread laboratory testing is available.
Risk of macrophage activation syndrome in patients with adult-onset Still's disease with skin involvement: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yuwei Ding, Shunli Tang, Sheng Li, Changyi Yang, Taoming Liu, Shuni Ying, Dingxian Zhu, Chuanyin Sun, Weiqian Chen, Yu Shi, Hong Fang, Jianjun Qiao
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2021)
Fourteen-day PET/CT imaging to monitor drug combination activity in treated individuals with tuberculosis
Authors: Yingda L. Xie, Veronique R. de Jager, Ray Y. Chen, Lori E. Dodd, Praveen Paripati, Laura E. Via, Dean Follmann, Jing Wang, Keith Lumbard, Saher Lahouar, Stephanus T. Malherbe, Jenna Andrews, Xiang Yu, Lisa C. Goldfeder, Ying Cai, Kriti Arora, Andre G. Loxton, Naadira Vanker, Michael Duvenhage, Jill Winter, Taeksun Song, Gerhard Walzl, Andreas H. Diacon, Clifton E. Barry
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2021)

FDG-PET/CT imaging correlates with long-term outcomes during early bactericidal activity testing of tuberculosis drugs in patients.
Organ-organ communication: The liver's perspective
Authors: Fei Wang, Kwok-Fai So, Jia Xiao, Hua Wang
Journal: Theranostics (2021)

Communication between organs participates in most physiological and pathological events. Owing to the importance of precise coordination among the liver and virtually all organs in the body for the maintenance of homeostasis, many hepatic disorders originate from impaired organ-organ communication, resulting in concomitant pathological phenotypes of distant organs. Hepatokines are proteins that are predominantly secreted from the liver, and many hepatokines and several signaling proteins have been linked to diseases of other organs, such as the heart, muscle, bone, and eyes. Although liver-centered interorgan communication has been proposed in both basic and clinical studies, to date, the regulatory mechanisms of hepatokine production, secretion, and reciprocation with signaling factors from other organs are obscure. Whether other hormones and cytokines are involved in such communication also warrants investigation. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge of organ-organ communication phenotypes in a variety of diseases and the possible involvement of hepatokines and/or other important signaling factors. This provides novel insight into the underlying roles and mechanisms of liver-originated signal transduction and, more importantly, the understanding of disease in an integrative view.
The public health implications of the Paris Agreement: a modelling study
Authors: Ian Hamilton, Harry Kennard, Alice McGushin, Lena Höglund-Isaksson, Gregor Kiesewetter, Melissa Lott, James Milner, Pallav Purohit, Peter Rafaj, Rohit Sharma, Marco Springmann, James Woodcock, Nick Watts
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2021)

nationally determined contributions (NDCs) serve to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement of staying "well below 2°C", which could also yield substantial health co-benefits in the process. However, existing NDC commitments are inadequate to achieve this goal. Placing health as a key focus of the NDCs could present an opportunity to increase ambition and realise health co-benefits. We modelled scenarios to analyse the health co-benefits of NDCs for the year 2040 for nine representative countries (ie, Brazil, China, Germany, India, Indonesia, Nigeria, South Africa, the UK, and the USA) that were selected for their contribution to global greenhouse gas emissions and their global or regional influence.