tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of Covid-19 Vaccination on Transmission of Alpha and Delta Variants
Authors: David W. Eyre, Donald Taylor, Mark Purver, David Chapman, Tom Fowler, Koen B. Pouwels, A. Sarah Walker, Tim E.A. Peto
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2022)

Before the emergence of the B.1.617.2 (delta) variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), vaccination reduced transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from vaccinated persons who became infected, potentially by reducing viral loads. Although vaccination still lowers the risk of infection, similar viral loads in vaccinated and unvaccinated persons who are infected with the delta variant call into question the degree to which vaccination prevents transmission.We used contact-testing data from England to perform a retrospective observational cohort study involving adult contacts of SARS-CoV-2-infected adult index patients. We used multivariable Poisson regression to investigate associations between transmission and the vaccination status of index patients and contacts and to determine how these associations varied with the B.1.1.7 (alpha) and delta variants and time since the second vaccination.Among 146,243 tested contacts of 108,498 index patients, 54,667 (37%) had positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) tests. In index patients who became infected with the alpha variant, two vaccinations with either BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (also known as AZD1222), as compared with no vaccination, were independently associated with reduced PCR positivity in contacts (adjusted rate ratio with BNT162b2, 0.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.21 to 0.48; and with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.30 to 0.78). Vaccine-associated reductions in transmission of the delta variant were smaller than those with the alpha variant, and reductions in transmission of the delta variant after two BNT162b2 vaccinations were greater (adjusted rate ratio for the comparison with no vaccination, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.39 to 0.65) than after two ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccinations (adjusted rate ratio, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.70 to 0.82). Variation in cycle-threshold (Ct) values (indicative of viral load) in index patients explained 7 to 23% of vaccine-associated reductions in transmission of the two variants. The reductions in transmission of the delta variant declined over time after the second vaccination, reaching levels that were similar to those in unvaccinated persons by 12 weeks in index patients who had received ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and attenuating substantially in those who had received BNT162b2. Protection in contacts also declined in the 3-month period after the second vaccination.Vaccination was associated with a smaller reduction in transmission of the delta variant than of the alpha variant, and the effects of vaccination decreased over time. PCR Ct values at diagnosis of the index patient only partially explained decreased transmission. (Funded by the U.K. Government Department of Health and Social Care and others.).
Classified Advertising
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Erratum: Tumor-associated B7-H1 promotes T-cell apoptosis: A potential mechanism of immune evasion
Authors: Haidong Dong, Scott E. Strome, Diva R. Salomao, Hideto Tamura, Fumiya Hirano, Dallas B. Flies, Patrick C. Roche, Jun Lu, Gefeng Zhu, Koji Tamada, Vanda A. Lennon, Esteban Celis, Lieping Chen
Journal: Nature Medicine (2002)
Fractional flow reserve compared to intravascular ultrasound guidance for optimal stent deployment: Final results of the FUSION study William F. Fearon, Atsushi Takagi, Jorge Luna, Allen Jeremias, Habib Samady, Eric R. Powers, Ted Feldman, Nabil Dib, E. Murat Tuzcu, Michael W. Cleman, Tony M. Chou, David J. Cohen, Alan C. Yeung, Morton J. Kern, Paul G. Yock. Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Human gut microbiome aging clocks based on taxonomic and functional signatures through multi-view learning
Authors: Yutao Chen, Hongchao Wang, Wenwei Lu, Tong Wu, Weiwei Yuan, Jinlin Zhu, Yuan Kun Lee, Jianxin Zhao, Hao Zhang, Wei Chen
Journal: Gut Microbes (2022)

The human gut microbiome is a complex ecosystem that is closely related to the aging process. However, there is currently no reliable method to make full use of the metagenomics data of the gut microbiome to determine the age of the host. In this study, we considered the influence of geographical factors on the gut microbiome, and a total of 2604 filtered metagenomics data from the gut microbiome were used to construct an age prediction model. Then, we developed an ensemble model with multiple heterogeneous algorithms and combined species and pathway profiles for multi-view learning. By integrating gut microbiome metagenomics data and adjusting host confounding factors, the model showed high accuracy (R2 = 0.599, mean absolute error = 8.33 years). Besides, we further interpreted the model and identify potential biomarkers for the aging process. Among these identified biomarkers, we found that Finegoldia magna, Bifidobacterium dentium, and Clostridium clostridioforme had increased abundance in the elderly. Moreover, the utilization of amino acids by the gut microbiome undergoes substantial changes with increasing age which have been reported as the risk factors for age-associated malnutrition and inflammation. This model will be helpful for the comprehensive utilization of multiple omics data, and will allow greater understanding of the interaction between microorganisms and age to realize the targeted intervention of aging.
From the NIH: The use of sucrose polyester in weight reduction therapy
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical News
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Timothy B. Gardner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2021)

Acute pancreatitis is one of the most common reasons for gastroenterology-related hospitalization in the United States. With significant morbidity and subsequent mortality related to both the acute presentation and subsequent sequelae, prompt diagnosis and appropriate management are critical, especially in the first 24 hours of illness. It is also important to accurately recognize complications, such as pancreatic fluid collections and vascular events, and identify a definitive cause so that a strategy to prevent future attacks can be implemented.
Authors’ Reply
Authors: Manjula Kurella Tamura, Nicholas Pajewski, Daniel E. Weiner
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2020)

Gupta and Burns1 propose the null association between baseline eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 and risk for dementia in SPRINT may be attributable to the diminished predictive power of a single eGFR measurement in a population at high vascular risk. Due to the bidirectional relation between kidney disease and vascular disease, disentangling their respective contributions to the development of cognitive impairment is challenging in observational studies. A strength of SPRINT, in this regard, is that two major vascular risk factors that confound prior studies of kidney disease and cognition, diabetes and hypertension, are limited by the study’s exclusion criteria and controlled by the intervention, respectively. The SPRINT analysis also differed from two of the prior studies they cite in its use of adjudicated dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) as the primary outcomes. The Health, Aging and Body Composition Study and the INVADE study each used a surrogate for MCI, change in a single cognitive test score, as the primary outcome.1 Although elevated vascular risk was an inclusion criteria in SPRINT, it should be noted that the incidence of dementia in SPRINT, 7.2–8.6 cases per 1000 person-years, was lower than that observed in prior cohort studies, such as the Cardiovascular Health Study (26 cases per 1000 person-years)2 and the 3C Study (12 per 1000 person-years).3 This may be explained by the younger average age and exclusion of individuals with diabetes in SPRINT. Thus, compared with prior observational studies that have reported an association between eGFR and cognitive impairment, SPRINT differed both in its ability to control for potential confounders, and in the frequency and stringency of the outcome. Both of these factors may have contributed to the observation of a null association. As indicated in the supplemental material, although we did not observe a significant association between eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 and risk for dementia or MCI in SPRINT, there was a significant association between baseline eGFR <45 ml/min per 1.73 m2 and risk for MCI (hazard ratio, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.81), and the composite outcome (hazard ratio, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.69). We hypothesize, similar to prediction of kidney failure risk,4 trajectory of eGFR and current eGFR may add complementary information to prediction of dementia risk. Disclosures All authors have nothing to disclose. Funding M. Kurella Tamura is supported by National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases grant R01DK092241. N. Pajewski reports National Institute on Aging grant R01AG055606 and Alzheimer’s Association grants, during the conduct of the study. D. Weiner reports University of Utah grants, during the conduct of the study.
Engineering non-antibody human proteins as efficient scaffolds for selective, receptor-targeted drug delivery
Authors: Naroa Serna, Victor Pallarès, Ugutz Unzueta, Annabel Garcia-Leon, Eric Voltà-Durán, Alejandro Sánchez-Chardi, Eloi Parladé, Ariana Rueda, Isolda Casanova, Aïda Falgàs, Lorena Alba-Castellón, Jorge Sierra, Antonio Villaverde, Esther Vázquez, Ramón Mangues
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2022)
MISCELLANY.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
“focus on…” session: new treatments modalities
Authors: P Umana, E Moessner, R Grau, C Gerdes, A Nopora, C Schmidt, P Strein, S Bauer, T Friess, K Dabbagh, J Dalporto, C Klein, R Advani, A Forero-Torres, R Furman, J Rosenblatt, A Younes, K Harrop, N Whiting, J Drachman
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2008)
BTS Guidelines for the Management of Community Acquired Pneumonia in Adults
Journal: Thorax (2001)

These guidelines have been replaced by 2009 Guideline: British Thoracic Society Guidelines for the Management of Community Acquired Pneumonia in Adults Superseded By 2009 Guideline: British Thoracic Society Guidelines for the Management of Community Acquired Pneumonia in Adults. Thorax 2001 Dec; 56(Suppl 4): 1–64.
THE PRESSURE IN THE BLOOD CAPILLARIES
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Instructions for Authors
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hope
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
One year follow-up biodegradable self-expanding stent implantation in humans Takafumi Tsuji, Hideo Tamai, Keiji Igaki, Eisho Kyo, Kunihiko Kosuga, Tatsuhiko Hata, Masaharu Okada, Takuji Nakamura, Hidenori Komori, Shinsaku Takeda, Seiichiro Motohara, Hiromu Uehara. Shiga Medical Center for Adults, Moriyama, Japan, Igaki Medical Planning Co. Ltd., Kyoto, Japan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
3-D mitral annular dynamics in tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy Tomasz A. Timek, Paul Dagum, David T. Lai, David Liang, George T. Daughters, Neil B. Ingels Jr., D C. Miller. Stanford University, Stanford, CA, Research Institute of the Palo Alto Medical Foundation, Palo Alto, CA
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Molecular Genetic Determinants of Shorter Time on Active Surveillance in a Prospective Phase 2 Clinical Trial in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Oscar Reig Torras, Akhilesh Mishra, Alana Christie, Tiffani McKenzie, Oreoluwa Onabolu, Nirmish Singla, Elizabeth R. Plimack, Cristina Suárez, Moshe C. Ornstein, R. Katherine Alpaugh, Roy Elias, I. Alex Bowman, Renee M. McKay, Christopher Przybycin, Payal Kapur, James Brugarolas, Brian Rini
Journal: European Urology (2021)
MEDICAL NEWS
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A novel reticular node in the brainstem synchronizes neonatal mouse crying with breathing
Authors: Xin Paul Wei, Matthew Collie, Bowen Dempsey, Gilles Fortin, Kevin Yackle
Journal: Neuron (2022)

Human speech can be divided into short, rhythmically timed elements, similar to syllables within words. Even our cries and laughs, as well as the vocalizations of other species, are periodic. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the tempo of mammalian vocalizations remain unknown. Furthermore, even the core cells that produce vocalizations remain ill-defined. Here, we describe rhythmically timed neonatal mouse vocalizations that occur within single breaths and identify a brainstem node that is necessary for and sufficient to structure these cries, which we name the intermediate reticular oscillator (iRO). We show that the iRO acts autonomously and sends direct inputs to key muscles and the respiratory rhythm generator in order to coordinate neonatal vocalizations with breathing, as well as paces and patterns these cries. These results reveal that a novel mammalian brainstem oscillator embedded within the conserved breathing circuitry plays a central role in the production of neonatal vocalizations.
Arteriogenic potency of a growth factor: Endothelial specificity versus activity on monocyte adhesion Eva E. Katzer, Imo Hoefer, Niels van Royen, Jan Piek, Christoph Bode, Wolfgang Schaper, Ivo Buschmann. University Clinic Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, Max Planck Institute, Bad Nauheim, Germany
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)