tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Risks of Postmenopausal Hormone Replacement
Authors: Eric Brunner, Raanan Gillon
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effects of unilateral stellate ganglion stimulation and ablation on electrophysiologic changes induced by acute myocardial ischemia in dogs.
Authors: M JJanse, P JSchwartz, FWilms-Schopman, R JPeters, DDurrer
Journal: Circulation (1985)

We recorded direct-current extracellular electrograms simultaneously from 60 left ventricular epicardial sites in 38 alpha-chloralose-anesthetized dogs during repeated, 5 min coronary arterial occlusions. In each dog recordings made during control occlusions were compared with those made in occlusions after, or during, the following interventions on the sympathetic nervous system: left stellate ganglion stimulation, left stellectomy, right stellectomy, and clamping the abdominal aorta with intact sympathetic nerves to induce a rise of blood pressure equal to that present during left stellate stimulation. Heart rate was kept constant. Measurements included determination of TQ segment potentials and times of local activation. After 2 min of ischemia, the degree of TQ segment depression was increased by left stellate ganglion stimulation and was decreased by both left stellectomy and clamping the aorta. Also, the area showing negative TQ potentials, indicating decreased resting membrane potentials, was enlar...
Hepatitis B Vaccine
Authors: Wolf Szmuness, Cladd E. Stevens, Edward J. Harley, Edith A. Zang, William R. Oleszko, Daniel C. William, Richard Sadovsky, John M. Morrison, Aaron Kellner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

We assessed the efficacy of an inactivated hepatitis B vaccine in a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind trial in 1083 homosexual men known to be at high risk for hepatitis B virus infection. The vaccine was found to be safe, and the incidence of side effects was low. Within two months, 77 per cent of the vaccinated persons had high levels of antibody against the hepatitis B surface antigen. This rate increased to 96 per cent after the booster dose and remained essentially unchanged for the duration of the trial. For the first 18 months of follow-up, hepatitis B or subclinical infection developed in only 1.4 to 3.4 per cent of the vaccine recipients as compared with 18 to 27 per cent of placebo recipients (P<0.0001). The reduction of incidence in the vaccinees was as high as 92.3 per cent; none of the vaccinees with a detectable immune response to the vaccine had clinical hepatitis B or asymptomatic antigenemia. A significant reduction of incidence was already seen within 75 days after randomization; this observation suggests that the vaccine may be efficacious even when given after exposure. (N Engl J Med. 1980; 303:833–41.)
Response to Dekker, Stege, and Versteeg
Authors: Jeanne S Mandelblatt, Xingtao Zhou, Brent J Small, Jaeil Ahn, Wanting Zhai, Tim Ahles, Martine Extermann, Deena Graham, Paul B Jacobsen, Heather Jim, Brenna C McDonald, Sunita K Patel, James C Root, Andrew J Saykin, Harvey Jay Cohen, Judith E Carroll
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2021)
Molecular Responses and Outcomes of Pediatric CML Treated with Front-Line Imatinib and a Comparison between Pediatric and Adult Cohorts
Authors: Hsi-Che Liu, Der-Cherng Liang, Ting-Chi Yeh, Kang-Hsi Wu, Jiann-Shiuh Chen, Tang-Her Jaing, Shih-Chung Wang, Jiunn-Ming Sheen, Chao-Neng Cheng, Shih-Hsiang Chen, Jen-Yin Hou, Te-Kau Chang, Yuh-Lin Hsieh, Fang-Liang Huang, Yu-Mei Liao, Tsung-Yen Chang, Yu-Chieh Chen, Tung-Huei Lin, Hsiu-Ju Yen, Lee-Yung Shih
Journal: Blood (2017)
Brain "ouabain" mediates the sympathoexcitatory and hypertensive effects of high sodium intake in Dahl salt-sensitive rats.
Authors: B SHuang, F HLeenen
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

To assess whether brain ouabain-like activity (OLA) mediates the hypertensive effects of high sodium intake in Dahl salt-sensitive (Dahl S) rats, the effects of blockade of brain OLA on mean arterial pressure (MAP) and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) were evaluated in conscious Dahl salt-resistant (Dahl R) and Dahl S rats on a regular (120 mumol/g) or high sodium (1370 mumol/g) diet from 4 to 7 weeks of age. Dahl S rats given high sodium showed higher basal MAP and augmented responses of MAP and RSNA to air stress and to intracerebroventricular injection of the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonist guanabenz as compared with Dahl R rats or Dahl S rats given regular sodium. In contrast, the sympathoexcitatory and pressor responses to intracerebroventricular injection of ouabain (0.3 and 1.0 microgram) were markedly attenuated in Dahl S rats given high sodium. Intracerebroventricular preinjection of 0.3 microgram ouabain significantly enhanced blood pressure and RSNA responses to air stress and intrac...
Spatial distribution and prognostic significance of ST segment potential determined by body surface mapping in patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction.
Authors: S JWalker, A JBell, M GLoughhead, P SLavercombe, DKilpatrick
Journal: Circulation (1987)

We investigated the mechanism and significance of ST segment changes in inferior infarction by studying 100 patients with acute inferior infarction in whom body surface maps were recorded on admission. The magnitude of the maximum ST segment elevation (denoted Vmax) and magnitude of the maximum ST segment depression (denoted Vmin), as well as the ST depression on the standard 12-lead electrocardiogram were analyzed against morbidity and mortality (at a median follow-up time of 14 months). A value obtained by subtracting Vmax from Vmin correlated (p less than .0002) with outcome. Correlations were also found between Vmin and complications, Vmin and mortality, and between increasing levels of ST depression on the 12-lead electrocardiogram and mortality. The maps were also studied by grouping the 100 ST segment map patterns into five groups by cluster analysis techniques. One group showed marked anterior negativity and had 37% mortality compared with an overall 5% mortality for the remaining groups. The limi...
Acclimatization in the Andes: Historical Confirmations of "Climatic Aggression" in the Development of Andean Man
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Stricture Assessment Using Cholangioscopy in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Authors: H Martin, J Potts, D Thorburn, T El Menabawey, G Webster
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims PSC carries a 15-20 % lifetime risk of developing cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). The distinction between benign and malignant strictures in this patient cohort is uniquely challenging. A 2016 meta-analysis has shown that single operator cholangioscopy (SOC) with targeted biopsies appears to be the most accurate method(1). We report our experience of SOC and PSC stricture assessment.
Diverticulosis And Colorectal Adenomas: Any Relationship?
Authors: S Laabidi, R Ennaifer, M Kefi, M Ghribi, B Bouchabou, W Bougassas, H Ben Nejma
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Colonic diverticulosis and colorectal adenomas share the same risk factors such as advanced age, physical inactivity, and western diet. Our study aimed at exploring the association between diverticulosis and colorectal adenomas.
CT-Based COVID-19 triage: Deep multitask learning improves joint identification and severity quantification
Authors: Mikhail Goncharov, Maxim Pisov, Alexey Shevtsov, Boris Shirokikh, Anvar Kurmukov, Ivan Blokhin, Valeria Chernina, Alexander Solovev, Victor Gombolevskiy, Sergey Morozov, Mikhail Belyaev
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2021)

The current COVID-19 pandemic overloads healthcare systems, including radiology departments. Though several deep learning approaches were developed to assist in CT analysis, nobody considered study triage directly as a computer science problem. We describe two basic setups: Identification of COVID-19 to prioritize studies of potentially infected patients to isolate them as early as possible; Severity quantification to highlight patients with severe COVID-19, thus direct them to a hospital or provide emergency medical care. We formalize these tasks as binary classification and estimation of affected lung percentage. Though similar problems were well-studied separately, we show that existing methods could provide reasonable quality only for one of these setups. We employ a multitask approach to consolidate both triage approaches and propose a convolutional neural network to leverage all available labels within a single model. In contrast with the related multitask approaches, we show the benefit from applying the classification layers to the most spatially detailed feature map at the upper part of U-Net instead of the less detailed latent representation at the bottom. We train our model on approximately 1500 publicly available CT studies and test it on the holdout dataset that consists of 123 chest CT studies of patients drawn from the same healthcare system, specifically 32 COVID-19 and 30 bacterial pneumonia cases, 30 cases with cancerous nodules, and 31 healthy controls. The proposed multitask model outperforms the other approaches and achieves ROC AUC scores of 0.87±0.01 vs. bacterial pneumonia, 0.93±0.01 vs. cancerous nodules, and 0.97±0.01 vs. healthy controls in Identification of COVID-19, and achieves 0.97±0.01 Spearman Correlation in Severity quantification. We have released our code and shared the annotated lesions masks for 32 CT images of patients with COVID-19 from the test dataset.
Comment on “Factors Affecting Sentinel Node Metastasis in Thin (T1) Cutaneous Melanomas: Development and External Validation of a Predictive Nomogram”
Authors: R. Olofsson Bagge, Michal Kicinski, Mark B. Faries, David E. Gyorki, Karolin Isaksson, Dimitrios Katsarelias, Serigne Lo, Marc Moncrieff, Andrew Spillane, Stefan Suciu, Alexander van Akkooi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)
Neoplastic Recurrence After Successful Treatment For Early Barrett’s Neoplasia: Development of a Penalized Prediction Model
Authors: SN van Munster, EA Nieuwenhuis, BLAM Weusten, L Alvarez Herrero, A Bogte, A Alkhalaf, BE Schenk, E Schoon, WL Curvers, AD Koch, PJ de Jonge, T Tang, WB Nagengast, J Westerhof, MHMG Houben, JJGHM Bergman, RE Pouw
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Endoscopic resection (ER) +/- radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is the treatment of choice for Barrett’s esophagus (BE) with early neoplasia. Since long-term outcomes are limited, patients still undergo regular follow-up endoscopies after successful treatment (ie,complete eradication of BE, CE-BE). We aimed to develop a prediction model for recurrence, which can be used for personalized follow-up.
Vascular adrenergic neuroeffector function does not decline in aged rats.
Authors: S PDuckles, B JCarter, C LWilliams
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

To investigate adrenergic control of blood vessels during aging, rats aged 6, 12, 20, and 27 months were studied using in vitro techniques. Accumulation of [3H]norepinephrine, one index of adrenergic nerve density, did not alter with age in the femoral or renal arteries or renal vein. In the femoral vein [3H]norepinephrine accumulation was greater at 6 and 27 months of age. Norepinephrine sensitivity was determined in both an innervated vessel, the femoral artery, and a non-innervated vessel, the carotid artery. In both cases, sensitivity to norepinephrine did not alter with age. In the renal and femoral arteries and veins, no significant changes in maximum responses to norepinephrine (10(-5) M), potassium chloride, or transmural nerve stimulation were seen with advancing age. Furthermore, frequency response curves (2-16 Hz, 200 pulses) did not differ with age for any of the four vessels studied, with one exception. The response to stimulation at 4 Hz of the femoral vein from 6-month-old rats was signific...
Implementation of Aldrete’S Scoring System Significantly Reduces Recovery Time After Procedural Sedation by more than 20 %
Authors: P Roelandt, R Haesaerts, R Missotten, E Desmet, I Demedts, R Bisschops
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Endoscopic procedures are often performed after administration of procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) by trained non-anaesthesiologist physicians, followed by monitored observation in a dedicated recovery area. Historically, discharge from this recovery area was based on time parameters (e.g. standard after 1 hour) or clinical assessment by the responsible nurses. The Aldrete’s scoring system is a useful tool (5 parameters, 10 points) to objectivate this clinical ‘gut feeling’ to decide when a patient can be discharged safely.In this study the effect of solely implementation of the Aldrete’s scoring system on recovery time after procedural sedation was analysed in a real-life setting.
Myocardial relaxation. III. Reoxygenation mechanics in the intact dog heart.
Authors: A SBlaustein, W HGaasch
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

Reoxygenation of hypoxic isolated cardiac muscle results in prolonged duration of contraction-relaxation. To determine whether similar mechanical changes occur in the intact left ventricle (LV), and especially to assess the influence of prolonged relaxation on LV diastolic stiffness, we examined LV pressure transients (micromanometer) and changes in myocardial segment length (ultrasonic transit time) during reoxygenation in 22 anesthetized dogs following 15 minutes of hypoxia (PaO2 = 21 +/- 2 mm Hg). The time constant (T) of LV isovolumic exponential pressure decline was used as an index of myocardial relaxation; LV end-diastolic stiffness was assessed from stiffness constants derived from multiple coordinates of end-diastolic pressure and segment length (volume loading). During reoxygenation, after LV systolic pressure and segment length measurements had returned to control levels, relaxation was prolonged; T increased from a control of 32 +/- 2 to 44 +/- 3 msec at 5 minutes of reoxygenation (P less than...
Adherence to the test, trace, and isolate system in the UK: results from 37 nationally representative surveys
Authors: Louise E Smith, Henry W W Potts, Richard Amlôt, Nicola T Fear, Susan Michie, G James Rubin
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Abstract Objective To investigate rates of adherence to the UK’s test, trace, and isolate system over the initial 11 months of the covid-19 pandemic. Design Series of cross sectional online surveys. Setting 37 nationally representative surveys in the UK, 2 March 2020 to 27 January 2021. Participants 74 699 responses from 45 957 people living in the UK, aged 16 years or older (37 survey waves, about 2000 participants in each wave). Main outcome measures Identification of the main symptoms of covid-19 (cough, high temperature or fever, and loss of sense of smell or taste), self-reported adherence to self-isolation if symptoms were present and intention to self-isolate if symptoms were to develop, requesting a test for covid-19 if symptoms were present and intention to request a test if symptoms were to develop, and intention to share details of close contacts. Results Only 51.5% of participants (95% confidence interval 51.0% to 51.9%, n=26 030/50 570) identified the main symptoms of covid-19; the corresponding values in the most recent wave of data collection (25-27 January 2021) were 50.8% (48.6% to 53.0%, n=1019/2007). Across all waves, duration adjusted adherence to full self-isolation was 42.5% (95% confidence interval 39.7% to 45.2%, n=515/1213); in the most recent wave of data collection (25-27 January 2021), it was 51.8% (40.8% to 62.8%, n=43/83). Across all waves, requesting a test for covid-19 was 18.0% (95% confidence interval 16.6% to 19.3%, n=552/3068), increasing to 22.2% (14.6% to 29.9%, n=26/117) from 25 to 27 January. Across all waves, intention to share details of close contacts was 79.1% (95% confidence interval 78.8% to 79.5%, n=36 145/45 680), increasing to 81.9% (80.1% to 83.6%, n=1547/1890) from 25 to 27 January. Non-adherence was associated with being male, younger age, having a dependent child in the household, lower socioeconomic status, greater financial hardship during the pandemic, and working in a key sector. Conclusions Levels of adherence to test, trace, and isolate are low, although some improvement has occurred over time. Practical support and financial reimbursement are likely to improve adherence. Targeting messaging and policies to men, younger age groups, and key workers might also be necessary.
Cardiovascular effects of inhaled nitric oxide in patients with left ventricular dysfunction.
Authors: ELoh, J SStamler, J MHare, JLoscalzo, W SColucci
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDPulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) is frequently elevated in patients with advanced heart failure. Nitric oxide (NO), which contributes to the activity of endothelium-derived relaxing factor, causes relaxation of pulmonary arteries and veins in vitro. Inhalation of NO gas causes pulmonary vasodilation in patients with primary and secondary forms of pulmonary hypertension.METHODS AND RESULTSTo test the hypothesis that inhalation of NO gas lowers PVR in patients with heart failure, we studied the hemodynamic effects of a 10-minute inhalation of NO (80 ppm) in 19 patients with New York Heart Association class III (n = 5) and class IV (n = 14) heart failure due to left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Although inhalation of NO had no effect on pulmonary artery pressures, the PVR decreased by 31 +/- 7% (P < .001) due to a 23 +/- 7% increase (P < .001) in pulmonary artery wedge pressure and despite a 4 +/- 2% (P < .05) decrease in cardiac index. The magnitude of the decrease in PVR with inhaled NO was i...
Voltage dependence of beta-adrenergic modulation of conduction in the canine Purkinje fiber.
Authors: T MMunger, S BJohnson, D LPacker
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

Although recent voltage-clamp and microelectrode studies have demonstrated beta-adrenergic modulation of Na+ current (INa) the modulation of conduction by catecholamines and the voltage dependence of that process have not been elucidated. To determine whether voltage-dependent modulation of conduction occurs in the presence of a beta-adrenergic agonist, the effect of 1 mumol/L isoproterenol on impulse propagation in canine Purkinje fibers was examined by using a dual-microelectrode technique. At physiological membrane potentials ([K+]o 5.4 mmol/L), isoproterenol increased squared conduction velocity [theta 2, 0.39 +/- 0.25 (m/s)2 (mean +/- SD)] from 3.46 +/- 0.86 to 3.85 +/- 0.98 (m/s)2 (P < .011), an 11% change, without altering the maximum first derivative of the upslope of phase 0 of the action potential (Vmax, 641 +/- 50 versus 657 +/- 47 V/s, P = NS). At transmembrane potential of -65 mV, produced by 12 mmol/L [K+]o titration, theta 2 declined 79% to 0.73 +/- 0.44 (m/s)2 as Vmax decreased 85% to 95 +...
Role of Endoscopic Ultrasound in Acute Pancreatitis Etiology Work-Up
Authors: O Elmqaddem, M Nasiri, A Taiymi, A Elmekkaoui, G Kharrasse, A Zazour, Z Ismaili, W Khannoussi
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims The aim is to assess the role of endoscopy ultrasound (EUS) in determining the etiology of acute pancreatitis.
Electrophysiological determinants of antidromic reentry induced during atrial extrastimulation. Insights from a pacing model of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.
Authors: M HLehmann, PTchou, RMahmud, S TDenker, MAkhtar
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

The electrophysiology of antidromic reentry, a less common phenomenon than orthodromic reentry, remains a poorly understood aspect of the Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome. We used a pacing model of ventricular preexcitation in patients without WPW, so that electrophysiological events in the normal pathway during atrial extrastimulation (A1-A2 technique) could be precisely delineated without the obscuring effect of an actual accessory pathway. Ventricular preexcitation was simulated by an A1-V1 sequential basic drive with A2-V2 extrastimulation at progressively shorter A1-A2 (equal to V1-V2) coupling intervals. At each coupling interval tested within the zone of atrioventricular (A-V) nodal effective refractory period (since anterograde block of A2 was considered mandatory for manifestation of antidromic reentry), responses were assessed after A2 alone (method I), V2 alone (method II), and A2 plus V2 (method III, the complete preexcitation model). The entire pacing protocol was performed at two A-V int...
Response to Comment on Ågren et al. Increased Incorporation of Antiplasmin Into the Fibrin Network in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2014;37:2007–2014
Authors: Anna Ågren, Gun Jörneskog, Graciela Elgue, Peter Henriksson, Håkan Wallen, Björn Wiman
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)

We thank Drs. Rijken and Uitte de Willige (1) for their comments on our article (2). Unfortunately, we did not describe the method in all details, but we are happy to give missing …