tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 287: Simulating the Effects of Sudden Cardiac Arrest Responders Embedded in a Marathon Cohort
Authors: Jessica E Salerno, Connor J Willson, Leonard S Weiss, David D Salcido
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Risk of sudden cardiac arrest may increase during distance running. In marathons, this risk is typically mitigated by deployment of medical resources, e.g. automated external defibrillators (AED), at fixed locations, potentially leaving racers vulnerable for periods of the race. We investigated utilization of marathon runners themselves as mobile emergency resources (R-AEDs). We hypothesized that systematic R-AED deployment would increase AED coverage of a race cohort over baseline coverage from static public AEDs. Methods: A simulation was constructed in MATLAB (vR2018a) incorporating the route of the 2018 Pittsburgh Marathon, detailed publicly available runner performance data from a nearby local marathon (N=1536), and known locations of S-AEDs with 1/8 th mile of any part of the Pittsburgh Marathon course (N = 47). During each simulation run, participants were randomly selected based on several distribution schemes (including age, pace category and pure chance) to carry an R-AED. R-AED coverage was assessed per minute by determining the proportion of racers up to 3 minutes ahead of each R-AED. S-AED coverage was calculated similarly based on whether runners were within 3-minutes of a public AED. All simulation variants were repeated 100 times and aggregated. Results: At baseline, 44% of the Pittsburgh Marathon course was within 3-minute walking distance of a public AED. Full coverage could be achieved with an additional 54 S-AEDs. Of the schemes we tested, when R-AEDs were deployed to random participants, optimal overall coverage was achieved with 1 R-AED per 25 runners (61 total for 57%), with 10% of race time achieving over 95% coverage. Weighted distribution of R-AEDs within age categories or pace categories achieved 72% coverage (155 AEDs) and 71% coverage, and over 95% coverage for 33% and 32% of the race duration, respectively. Conclusion: R-AEDs provided varying levels of additional coverage over baseline public access AED coverage during a simulated marathon. More work is necessary to fully determine the practical utility of this approach.
Abstract 353: Performance of SOFA Score to Predict Mortality at Hospital Discharge After Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Anne V Grossestreuer, Tuyen Yankama, Ari Moskowitz, Anthony Mahoney-Pacheco, Varun Konanki, Thomas Leith, Parth V Patel, Katherine M Berg, Mathias J Holmberg, Michael W Donnino
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Cardiac arrest (CA) outcomes, when dichotomized as survival/non-survival, limit statistical power of interventional studies and do not acknowledge hospital-level factors independent of post-CA sequelae. We explored the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score at 72 hours post-CA as a surrogate outcome measure for mortality. We also assessed methods to account for death &lt;72 hours post-CA in SOFA score computation. Methods: This was a single center retrospective study of post-CA patients from 1/08-12/17. SOFA score components were abstracted at baseline, 24, 48, and 72h post-CA. Thirteen ways of accounting for missing data were assessed. The outcome was mortality at hospital discharge. Model performance was assessed using area under the receiver-operator characteristic (AUC) curves and Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit statistics. Results: Of 847 patients, 528 (62%) had complete baseline SOFA scores and 205 (24%) had complete scores at 72h. Death &lt;72h occurred in 28%; 45% survived to hospital discharge. SOFA score at 72h without accounting for death had an AUC of 0.62. The best performing SOFA model at 72h with good calibration imputed a 20% increase over the last observed SOFA score in patients who expired &lt;72h with an AUC of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.74-0.83). In terms of change in SOFA at 72h from baseline, the best performing model with good calibration imputed death &lt;72h as the highest possible score (AUC: 0.88 [95% CI: 0.84-0.92]). These results were consistent when analyzing in- and out-of-hospital CA separately, although the change from baseline model was not well calibrated in in-hospital arrests. Conclusions: Without consideration of death, SOFA scores at 72 hours post-CA perform poorly. Imputing for early mortality improved the model. If this imputation structure is validated prospectively, SOFA could provide a scoring system to predict death at hospital discharge and serve as a surrogate outcome measure in interventional studies.
Palindromic rheumatism.
Authors: F D Hart
Journal: BMJ (1976)

lowest saralasin infusion rate.At the higher in- fusion rates blood pressure decreased continuously to a minimum of 75/55 mm Hg at the end of the infusion period.At that moment the patient felt seriously ill, had a pale complexion, and vomited several times.After the infusion was stopped the blood pressure reached its preinfusion level within 30 min.Plasma renin activity (PRA) was measured at the beginning and the end of each infusion (see table ).PRA (,ug'l 3 h) BeforeAfter saralasin saralasinModerate sodium intake 10 6 3 After six days' chlorthalidone 100 mg, day 40 > 125The findings in this patient show firstly that saralasin infusion may lead to a potentially hazardous initial rise in blood pressure when PRA is low, as has been demonstrated by others,2 and secondly that saralasin infused after severe sodium depletion with chlor- thiazide diuretics and vigorously stimulated PRA may cause severe hypotension even at low-dose infusion rates.
For and Against Routine Removal of Peripheral Intravenous Catheters
Authors: Agastya Patel, Piotr Spychalski, Jarek Kobiela
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Sex and the single girl.
Journal: BMJ (1972)

for its use in women, for in them the external apparatus, as well as lacking the risks of a major surgical procedure, does not seem to carry any lower degree of success.The present state of the electrical control of incontinence is uncertain, to say the least.A recent statement'7 that we should abandon continuous stimulation aimed at control rather than cure may present an extreme view.But there is much to be said for undertaking this form of treatment, particularly by the implant method, in specialist units.The techniques are not yet sufficiently understood nor in general sufficiently successful to be used outside such units.
Multistate Outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 (Omicron) Variant Infections Among Persons in a Social Network Attending a Convention — New York City, November 18–December 20, 2021
Authors: Sarah E. Smith-Jeffcoat, Mary A. Pomeroy, Sadia Sleweon, Samira Sami, Jessica N. Ricaldi, Yonathan Gebru, Brianna Walker, Shane Brady, Matthew Christenberry, Stephen Bart, Johanna Vostok, Stephanie Meyer, Scott Seys, Amanda Markelz, Nicole Ditto, Valerie Newbern, Franda J. Thomas, Deepam Thomas, Enrico Cabredo, Stephanie Kellner, Vance R. Brown, Jacqueline E. Tate, Hannah L. Kirking
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2022)

On December 2, 2021, the Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) notified CDC of a COVID-19 case caused by sequence-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 (Omicron) variant in a Minnesota resident (patient A), the first such case identified in the state and one of the earliest identified in the United States. Patient A had attended a large indoor convention in New York, New York with approximately 53,000 attendees from 52 U.S jurisdictions and 30 foreign countries during November 19-21, 2021, and had close contact
Abstracts
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1961)

A study of the relationship between spontaneous erythropoietic activity and disease is reported from Sodersjukhuset, Stockholm.Samples of bone-marrow tissue from 54 patients, of whom 23 had rheumatoid arthritis and the remainder various other diseases, were cultured.The cellular layer was obtained by centrifugation and diluted to a count of 30,000 to 50,000 cells per c.mm.This material was divided into six separate
Abstract 185: Optimization of Public Access Defibrillators Compared to Actual Deployment: An <i>In Silico</i> Trial
Authors: Christopher Sun, Lena Karlsson, Christian Thorp-Pedersen, Fredrik Folke, Timothy C Chan
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Unguided placement of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) often leads to placements in low risk areas and locations with limited temporal availability. Mathematical optimization may improve AED placements and increase AED use in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs). Aim: To conduct the first in silico public AED location trial to determine whether optimization models (interventions) trained on historical OHCA data will recommend AED locations that significantly improve OHCA coverage on prospective OHCAs, compared to locations of actually deployed AEDs (control). Methods: We identified all public OHCAs of presumed cardiac cause (1994-2016) and already deployed AEDs (2007-2016) in Copenhagen, Denmark. We computed the number of OHCAs that occurred within 100m of a temporally available AED after it was deployed (“OHCA coverage”). We then divided 2007-2016 into 30-day intervals and determined the number of AEDs deployed in each interval. Using previously validated optimization models, we determined an equal number of optimal AED locations in each time interval, either indoor locations with actual availability (intervention #1) or outdoor locations with 24/7 availability (intervention #2). OHCA coverage was calculated for the interventions similarly to the already deployed AEDs. Finally, we repeated the analysis 25 times to evaluate sensitivity and generate confidence intervals, by randomizing the location and time of the OHCAs. Results: A total of 2,149 public OHCAs (744 between 2007-2016) and 1,573 registered AEDs were identified. OHCA coverage of actually deployed AEDs was 22.3% (166 of 744 OHCAs). For optimally located indoor AEDs, mean OHCA coverage was 32.6% (mean: 242.5 OHCAs; 95% CI: 239.7 - 245.3). For optimally located outdoor AEDs, mean OHCA coverage was 43.9% (mean: 326.6 OHCAs; 95% CI: 324.0 - 329.2). Conclusions: Optimizing AED locations in a real-time deployment approach mimicking the time horizon of actual AED deployment in Copenhagen, Denmark results in significantly higher OHCA coverage compared to the actual AEDs deployed. Between the two interventions, optimal locations that are 24/7 available significantly outperform optimal indoor locations with more limited temporal availability.
A Course of Lectures on Clinical Medicine
Authors: W. R. Basham
Journal: BMJ (1847)

0Oe of Ptowi, symptomatic of cerebral disease: His- Gory of the case, treatment, and convalescence.-Difjerence inethe characters of ptosis as an affection per se, and as a symptom of more remote disease.Loss of power in the aecond, third, and branches of the fifth and seventh nerves.-Conditiox of the parts to which these nerves were distribmIed; extent qf the local paralysis; reasons for referring the origin
From the National Institutes of Health
Authors: W. Raub
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Leptospirosis.
Authors: L. H. Turner
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Leptospirosis became a notifiable disease throughout England and Wales with effect from 1 October 1968.Now is a suitable time to summarize various aspects of the subject, with special reference to the United Kingdom.It is hoped that the following account, which is based on a recent article (Turner, 1967), will be useful to clinicians, public health workers, and clinical pathologists in their attempts to comply with this new regulation.Leptospirosis is not synonymous with Weil's disease; other febrile syndromes may be mimicked, or the illness may be a pyrexia of unknown origin (P.U.O.), and the presumptive diag- nosis is often wrong.Laboratory investigations are required to confirm or establish the diagnosis; these are very useful provided that suitable specimens and information are submitted.Serological tests can be carried out in many peripheral labora- tories and are likely to be included by the pathologist even when they are not directly requested by the clinician.Rats are by no means the only reservoir hosts of leptospires in this country.The range of indigenous pathogenic serotypes is much wider than is generally realized.Suitable treatment is effective.Leptospiral infections are now less prevalent.Viral hepatitis, however, is much more common than leptospirosis and it is hoped that the available laboratory resources will not be overwhelmed by requests to exclude leptospirosis in such cases.These points are further discussed below.
Errors in Figure 2
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

Yi-Xin Wang, MD, PhD; Zhilei Shan, MD, PhD; Mariel Arvizu, MD, ScD; An Pan, PhD; JoAnn E. Manson, MD, DrPH; Stacey A. Missmer, ScD; Qi Sun, MD, ScD; Jorge E. Chavarro, MD, ScD
Impact of concomitant cardiovascular therapies on efficacy and safety of relugolix verus leuprolide in men with advanced prostate cancer: Subgroup analysis from the phase 3 HERO study.
Authors: Neal D. Shore, Daniel J. George, Bryan Allyn Mehlhaff, Michael Cookson, Daniel Saltzstein, Ronald F. Tutrone, Bruce Brown, Sophia Lu, Jina Lee, Sarah Hanson, Fred Saad
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

101 Background: Cardiovascular (CV) events are the leading cause of death in prostate cancer. Men with prostate cancer are likely to have CV risk factors and CV-related concomitant medications. In the phase 3 HERO study, a 54% lower incidence of major adverse cardiac events was reported in men treated with the oral GnRH receptor antagonist relugolix vs leuprolide. Herein, we characterize the impact of concomitant CV therapies on efficacy and safety in the HERO study. Methods: In HERO, 930 men with advanced prostate cancer were randomized 2:1 and treated with relugolix (120 mg orally once daily [after single 360 mg loading dose] or leuprolide (injections every 3 months) for 48 weeks. Subgroups analyzed included men who received antihypertensives, antithrombotics, or lipid-modifying therapies, as well as the most common drug classes (&gt;10%) and single most common agent within each class. Assessments included sustained testosterone suppression to castrate levels (&lt;50 ng/dL) through 48 weeks and safety parameters (adverse events). Results: Antihypertensives, antithrombotics, and lipid modifying agents were utilized by 52.7%, 39.1%, and 39.6% of men in the HERO trial, respectively (table). In the main subgroups, point estimates for sustained castration rates were consistent with the overall estimates of relugolix and leuprolide observed in the overall population (table). Sustained castration rates were also consistent for men taking the most common drug classes (table) and individual agents in each class (losartan [n=103]: relugolix, 95.4% vs. leuprolide, 80.6%; amlodipine [n=229]: 97.2% vs. 85.5%; metoprolol [n=88]: 95.7% vs. 86.9%; acetylsalicylic acid [n=259]: 97.0% vs. 92.1%; clopidogrel [n=43]: 96.4% vs. 86.7%; simvastatin [n=78]: 98.0% vs. 87.3%). Incidence and types of adverse events were similar among men who received antihypertensives, antithrombotics, and lipid modifying agents during the trial. Conclusions: In the HERO trial, relugolix suppressed testosterone and was generally well tolerated when given with concomitant CV agents, with results consistent with those of the overall population. Clinical trial information: NCT03085095. [Table: see text]
Dyslipidemia in chronic hepatitis B patients on tenofovir alafenamide: Facts and puzzles
Authors: Hung-Yao Lin, Tai-Chung Tseng
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2022)

See the Original "Tenofovir alafenamide treatment may not worsen the lipid profile of chronic hepatitis B patients: A propensity score-matched analysis" on page 254.
Prevention of Malocclusion
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
HYGIENE
Authors: R. C. Munday
Journal: BMJ (1917)

JUST fs the fighting service of theL navy was found, at the outbreak of war, prepared at all points for any emergency, so also the medical service of the navy stood equipped with every weapon tlhat modern sanitary science.could suggest.In Anagst;.1914,many eminent combatant naval officers were of opinion that the numerous and farreaching precautions for safeguarding and fostering the
INTUSSUSCEPTION
Authors: P. L. Hipsley
Journal: BMJ (1935)

During the war Professor Leiper with his colleagues discovered the life-history of Schistosoma haematobium and S. niansoni.Previously nothing was known of the life-cycle of these partfcular species of schistosomes, though the Japanese had worked out the complete life- history of Schistosoma japonicum, to which I have already referred.House-which was opened by the Prince of Wales on March 17th, 1932.On its roll of membership to-day there are nearly 1,700 Fellows, representing tropical medical interests in all parts of the world.Among
Re: Valentin H. Meissner, Isabel Rauscher, Kristina Schwamborn, et al. Radical Prostatectomy Without Prior Biopsy Following Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography. Eur Urol. In press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2021.11.019
Authors: Giancarlo Marra, Armando Stabile, Paolo Gontero, Francesco Montorsi, Alberto Briganti, Giorgio Gandaglia
Journal: European Urology (2022)
Benjamin Richardson (1828-1896). Biographer and doctor of letters
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Asthma in children.
Authors: N Speight, S J Pearce
Journal: BMJ (1984)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used for primary and secondary prevention of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. However, there remains controversy about the overall net clinical benefit of PPIs (omeprazole, rabeprazole, pantoprazole, lansoprazole) when coprescribed with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs; dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban). Our objective is to explore the risk of clinically relevant events, including bleeding, thromboembolic events and death, in patients prescribed DOACs while taking PPIs versus no PPI. <h3>Methods and analysis</h3> The protocol describes a retrospective cohort study of all Ontario residents aged 66 years or older with atrial fibrillation and at least one pharmacy dispensation for a DOAC identified using linked administrative healthcare databases covering 2009–2020. Ontario drug benefit dispensation records will be used to ascertain PPI exposure during DOAC therapy. The primary outcome is a composite of clinically relevant bleeding, thrombotic events or all-cause death. A minimum of 520 patients in total with at least one of the components of the composite outcome are needed. Poisson regression with a generalised estimating equation model will be used to calculate the adjusted incidence rate difference, incidence rate ratios 95% CI, adjusting for propensity for PPI use using inverse probability of treatment weights. <h3>Ethics and dissemination</h3> This research is exempt from REB review under section 45 of Ontario’s Personal Health Information Protection Act. We will report our findings in a peer-reviewed biomedical journal and present them at conferences. The study will provide useful evidence to optimise the coprescription of DOACs and PPIs in practice.