tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2567: Late Catch-Up Recovery from Endothelial Vasomotor Dysfunction in Infarct-Related Coronary Artery Treated with Sirolimus-Eluting Stent in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Jyun-Ei Obata, Yoshinobu Kitta, Yasushi Kodama, Takamitsu Nakamura, Ken-ichi Kawabata, Keita Sano, Mitsumasa Hirano, Yukio Saito, Kazuto Nakamura, Kiyotaka Kugiyama
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion causes endothelial injury in the infarct-related coronary artery. We have previously shown that sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) implantation can aggravate endothelium-dependent vasomotor dysfunction in infarct-related coronary arteries. This study examined effects of SES implantation on duration of reperfusion-induced endothelial dysfunction in infarct-related coronary arteries. This study enrolled 44 patients with a first acute myocardial infarction (AMI) due to occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and successful reperfusion therapy using SESs (n = 22) or bare metal stents (BMS, n = 22). Vasomotor function of LAD in response to acetylcholine (ACh) was repeated 2 weeks, 6 months, and 9 months after AMI. Patients with either residual stenosis or in-stent restenosis in LAD were not included in this study. The vasomotor function was also assessed in 20 control subjects for comparison with that in AMI patients. The SES and BMS groups were similar in terms of AMI-related variables including peak CK levels and 2 week LVEF. At 2 weeks after AMI, SES-treated LAD had greater impairment of epicardial dilation and less blood flow increase in response to ACh than BMS-treated LAD (diameter response; 12% vs. 34% of controls, blood flow response; 23% vs. 76% of controls, at 10 μg/min of ACh, respectively). In BMS-treated LAD, the responses of epicardial diameter and blood flow to ACh had recovered to levels similar to those of controls at 6 months (diameter response; 94% of controls, blood flow response; 92% of controls), and the responses showed no further improvement from 6 to 9 months. In SES-treated LAD, the responses were improved but remained lowered compared with BMS-treated LAD at 6 months (diameter response; 58% of controls, blood flow response; 74% of controls). However, the responses in SES-treated LAD at 9 months showed further improvement to levels near to those of BMS-treated LAD or controls (diameter response; 79% of controls, blood flow response; 88% of controls). Although incomplete, the adverse effects of SES on endothelium-dependent vasomotor function in infarct-related coronary arteries were restored through late catch-up recovery after stent implantation.
Hereditary hemochromatosis in a patient with congenital dyserythropoietic anemia
Authors: Silvia Fargion, Luca Valenti, Anna Ludovica Fracanzani, Maurizio Sampietro, Maria Domenica Cappellini, Anna Scaccabarozzi, Davide Soligo, Chiara Mariani, Gemino Fiorelli
Journal: Blood (2000)
Cosmetic outcomes following single-dose intraoperative radiotherapy for early stage breast cancer
Authors: C. I. Sartor, R. J. Kimple, C. M. Kuzmiak, D. Pavic, J. Lian, X. S. Chang, D. T. Moore, R. F. Phipps, L. Esler, N. Klauber-Demore, D. W. Ollila
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

624 Background: While whole breast radiotherapy (WBRT) remains the standard of care following breast conserving surgery, accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) radiates only the tumor-bearing portion of the breast in a significantly shorter course and may not impair tumor control. The most expeditious APBI technique is single-dose intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT), typically delivered after excision. We performed a phase II trial to evaluate whether IORT targeting the tumor in situ, thus irradiating a smaller margin of normal tissue, would provide equivalent cosmetic outcome and local control to other APBI techniques. Methods: Women age 48 or older with ultrasound-visible tumors <3 cm and clinically negative lymph nodes were eligible to participate in LCCC 0218. Treatment planning ultrasound performed at the time of sentinel lymph node (SLN) dye injection and needle localization was used to select treatment energy, cone size, and angle of approach. A dose of 1,500 cGy was prescribed to cover the tumor plus a 1.5 - 2.0 cm margin laterally with 90% coverage 1 cm deep to the posterior edge of the tumor. Treatment was delivered using an electron irradiator (Mobetron, IntraOP Medical Corp, Sunnyvale, CA) following SLN dissection after skin flaps were raised to retract skin from the field. Tumor excision followed. WBRT or re-excision was performed if pre-specified criteria were met. The primary endpoint, cosmetic outcome, was assessed by physician. Patient assessment of cosmesis and overall satisfaction were obtained by questionnaire. Results: A total of 71 patients have been accrued to be treated with IORT. Of these, 45 were evaluable at the requisite follow-up time of one year. Good or excellent cosmesis was seen in 39/45 or 87% (exact 95% CI: 73% - 95%) of these patients. Of these, 36 patients received no additional WBRT and 33/36 or 92% (78% - 98%) had good or excellent cosmesis. Finally, grade 1 or 2 toxicities were seen in 4/71 or 6% (2% -14%) of patients and no grade 3 or 4 toxicities or serious adverse events have been seen to date. Conclusions: Intraoperative radiotherapy delivered to an in situ tumor is feasible for selected patients. Cosmesis is similar to other APBI techniques and patient satisfaction with the outcome is excellent. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Compliance to National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines in patients with newly diagnosed small cell lung cancer at a community cancer center
Authors: K. R. Oettel, R. Joseph, B. George, J. Lee, M. Mathiason, L. Meyer, R. Go
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

17064 Background: The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) provides yearly updated guidelines for the management of patients diagnosed with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Compliance to clinical guidelines may improve patient care and outcome, but this may vary among institutions. In this study, we determined the compliance of our community cancer center to the NCCN guidelines in patients with SCLC. Methods: We identified patients with newly diagnosed SCLC in 2004 and 2005 using our cancer registry database. Using the NCCN guideline for the corresponding years, we determined the compliance rate for the following phases of cancer care: initial evaluation (pathology review, imaging, smoking cessation counseling, mediastinal staging for T1-T2 limited disease), and treatment (chemotherapy, radiation). Results: There were 39 new patients with SCLC, 14 (35.9%) of which had limited stage disease. The overall compliance rates for initial evaluation and treatment were 33.3%, and 92.3%, respectively. A total of 32 deviations were identified: 21 (65.6%) for neglecting smoking cessation counseling, 7 (21.9%) for not performing recommended imaging, 3 (9.4%) for not giving recommended chemotherapy and/or radiation and 1 (3.1%) for not reviewing outside pathology. In all of the imaging and treatment deviations, there were medically appropriate reasons for doing so: 7 patients with limited disease had PET/CT scan instead of CT/bone scan (PET/CT scan now incorporated into the 2006 guidelines); 2 patients with limited disease did not receive concurrent chemoradiotherapy due to poor performance status and co-morbidity; 1 patient with extensive disease refused chemotherapy. Conclusion: Our compliance with NCCN guidelines for SCLC was poor for initial evaluation, but better for treatment. The primary reasons for this outcome were the lack of a perceived benefit in smoking cessation counseling and the use of PET/CT scanning as the initial imaging modality of choice. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 14752: Recombinant Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Reduces Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in the Mouse
Authors: Stefano Toldo, Eleonora Mezzaroma, Carlo Marchetti, Scott Rose, Benjamin W Van Tassell, Soohyun Kim, Charles A Dinarello, Antonio Abbate
Journal: Circulation (2013)
Error in Author’s Name
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2021)

André Lamy, MD; Austin Browne, PhD; Tej Sheth, MD; Zhe Zheng, MD; François Dagenais, MD; Nicolas Noiseux, MD; Xin Chen, MD; Faisal G. Bakaeen, MD; Miroslav Brtko, MD; Louis-Mathieu Stevens, MD; Mariam Alboom, MD; Shun Fu Lee, PhD; Ingrid Copland; Yusuf Salim, DPhil; John Eikelboom, MBBS; COMPASS Investigators; Rafael Diaz ; Andrew M. Tonkin ; John D. Varigos; Peter B. Verhamme; Alvaro Avezum; Leopoldo S. Piegas; Gilles R. Dagenais; Eva M. Lonn; Fernando Lanas; Jun Zhu; Lisheng Liu; Yan Liang ; Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo; Petr Widimsky; Christian Torp-Pedersen; Camilo Felix; Kaj P. Metsarinne; Philippe Gabriel Steg; Victor Aboyans; Georg Ertl; Stefan Stoerk; Katalin Keltai ; Matyas Keltai; Martin O'Donnell; Keith A. Fox; Ajay Kakkar; Basil S. Lewis; Aldo P. Maggioni; Masatsugu Hori; Khalid Yusoff; Marco Alings; Antonio L. Dans; Tomasz J. Guzik; Dragos Vinereanu; Nana Goar Pogosova; Patrick J. Commerford; Jae-Hyung Kim; Lars Ryden; Alexander N. Parkhomenko; Deepak L. Bhatt; Kelley R.H. Branch; Jeffrey L. Probstfield; Sonia Anand; Jackie Bosch; Stuart Connolly; John W. Eikelboom; Robert Hart; Andre Lamy; Paul Moayeddi; Mike Sharma; Salim Yusuf; Scott Berkowitz; Eva Muehlhofer
Community Diabetes: An East London Perspective
Authors: Susan V Gelding, Shanti Vijayaraghavan, Clare Davison, Tahseen A Chowdhury
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2005)

The rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the UK has necessitated a change in the delivery of diabetes care, with a shift of focus from hospital to community. The National Service Framework for Diabetes has enshrined this approach, and the new General Medical Services (GMS2) contract rewards primary healthcare professionals for developing high-quality diabetes care. New approaches cross the primary/secondary care divide and are patient focused. The evolution of diabetes care in the UK is illustrated by service developments in Newham, East London.
A novel autosomal recessive primary atopic disorder associated with loss-of-function variants in OSMR
Authors: Mehul Sharma, Yihui Liu, Alyssa James, Christina Michalski, Kate Del Bel, Henry Lu, Ashish Sharma, Bhavi Modi, Wingfield Rehmus, Pascal Lavoie, Margaret McKinnon, Diana Bayer, Jonathan Lyons, Stuart Turvey
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2022)
FGF2 is overexpressed in asthma and promotes airway inflammation through the FGFR/MAPK/NF-κB pathway in airway epithelial cells
Authors: Yuan-Yang Tan, Hui-Qin Zhou, Yu-Jing Lin, Liu-Tong Yi, Zhuang-Gui Chen, Qing-Dong Cao, Yan-Rong Guo, Zhao-Ni Wang, Shou-Deng Chen, Yang Li, De-Yun Wang, Yong-Kang Qiao, Yan Yan
Journal: Military Medical Research (2022)

Abstract Background Airway inflammation is the core pathological process of asthma, with the key inflammatory regulators incompletely defined. Recently, fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) has been reported to be an inflammatory regulator; however, its role in asthma remains elusive. This study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory role of FGF2 in asthma. Methods First, FGF2 expression was characterised in clinical asthma samples and the house dust mite (HDM)-induced mouse chronic asthma model. Second, recombinant mouse FGF2 (rm-FGF2) protein was intranasally delivered to determine the effect of FGF2 on airway inflammatory cell infiltration. Third, human airway epithelium-derived A549 cells were stimulated with either HDM or recombinant human interleukin-1β (IL-1β) protein combined with or without recombinant human FGF2. IL-1β-induced IL-6 or IL-8 release levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the involved signalling transduction was explored via Western blotting. Results Compared with the control groups, the FGF2 protein levels were significantly upregulated in the bronchial epithelium and alveolar areas of clinical asthma samples (6.70 ± 1.79 vs. 16.32 ± 2.40, P = 0.0184; 11.20 ± 2.11 vs. 21.00 ± 3.00, P = 0.033, respectively) and HDM-induced asthmatic mouse lung lysates (1.00 ± 0.15 vs. 5.14 ± 0.42, P &lt; 0.001). Moreover, FGF2 protein abundance was positively correlated with serum total and anti-HDM IgE levels in the HDM-induced chronic asthma model ( R 2 = 0.857 and 0.783, P = 0.0008 and 0.0043, respectively). Elevated FGF2 protein was mainly expressed in asthmatic bronchial epithelium and alveolar areas and partly co-localised with infiltrated inflammatory cell populations in HDM-induced asthmatic mice. More importantly, intranasal instillation of rm-FGF2 aggravated airway inflammatory cell infiltration (2.45 ± 0.09 vs. 2.88 ± 0.14, P = 0.0288) and recruited more subepithelial neutrophils after HDM challenge [(110.20 ± 29.43) cells/mm 2 vs. (238.10 ± 42.77) cells/mm 2 , P = 0.0392] without affecting serum IgE levels and Th2 cytokine transcription. In A549 cells, FGF2 was upregulated through HDM stimulation and promoted IL-1β-induced IL-6 or IL-8 release levels (up to 1.41 ± 0.12- or 1.44 ± 0.14-fold change vs . IL-1β alone groups, P = 0.001 or 0.0344, respectively). The pro-inflammatory effect of FGF2 is likely mediated through the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Conclusion Our findings suggest that FGF2 is a potential inflammatory modulator in asthma, which can be induced by HDM and acts through the FGFR/MAPK/NF-κB pathway in the airway epithelial cells.
Compensatory intestinal antibody response against pro-inflammatory microbiota after bariatric surgery
Authors: Torsten P.M. Scheithauer, Mark Davids, Maaike Winkelmeijer, Xanthe Verdoes, Ömrüm Aydin, Maurits de Brauw, Arnold van de Laar, Abraham S. Meijnikman, Victor E.A. Gerdes, Daniël van Raalte, Hilde Herrema, Max Nieuwdorp
Journal: Gut Microbes (2022)

Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are growing burdens for individuals and the health-care system. Bariatric surgery is an efficient, but drastic treatment to reduce body weight, normalize glucose values, and reduce low-grade inflammation. The gut microbiome, which is in part controlled by intestinal antibodies, such as IgA, is involved in the development of both conditions. Knowledge of the effect of bariatric surgery on systemic and intestinal antibody response is limited. Here, we determined the fecal antibody and gut microbiome response in 40 T2D and non-diabetic (ND) obese individuals that underwent bariatric surgery (N = 40). Body weight, fasting glucose concentrations and inflammatory parameters decreased after bariatric surgery, whereas pro-inflammatory bacterial species such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and flagellin increased in the feces. Simultaneously, concentrations of LPS- and flagellin-specific intestinal IgA levels increased with the majority of pro-inflammatory bacteria coated with IgA after surgery. Finally, serum antibodies decreased in both groups, along with a lower inflammatory tone. We conclude that intestinal rearrangement by bariatric surgery leads to expansion of typical pro-inflammatory bacteria, which may be compensated by an improved antibody response. Although further evidence and mechanistic insights are needed, we postulate that this apparent compensatory antibody response might help to reduce systemic inflammation by neutralizing intestinal immunogenic components and thereby enhance intestinal barrier function after bariatric surgery.
Re: Valentin H. Meissner, Isabel Rauscher, Kristina Schwamborn, et al. Radical Prostatectomy Without Prior Biopsy Following Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography. Eur Urol. In press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2021.11.019
Authors: Ye Lei, Sujun Han, Nianzeng Xing
Journal: European Urology (2022)
Colonofiberoscopy
Authors: William I. Wolff
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Colonofiberoscopy rivals the barium enema in its diagnostic potential for diseases of the colon and rectum. It surpasses the traditional rigid sigmoidoscope by extending the range of examination and biopsy to the entire colon. Two hundred and forty-one patients have been subjected to fiberoptic colonic endoscopy without complication. Biopsies were performed from the rectosigmoid to the ascending colon level in 47 patients with high diagnostic accuracy. In symptomatic patients, where barium enema studies showed suspicious changes or no abnormality, the clinical problem was usually solved by fiberoptic colonoscopy; many were spared exploratory laparotomy. Pedunculated polyps have been removed successfully endoscopically, with use of this instrument.
<i>Tsc1</i>Haploinsufficiency without Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Activation Is Sufficient for Renal Cyst Formation in<i>Tsc1</i>+/− Mice
Authors: Catherine Wilson, Cleo Bonnet, Carol Guy, Shelley Idziaszczyk, James Colley, Vikki Humphreys, Julie Maynard, Julian R. Sampson, Jeremy P. Cheadle
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is caused by mutations in either the TSC1 or TSC2 gene. Both genes are generally considered to act as tumor suppressors that fulfill Knudson's "two-hit hypothesis" and that function within the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. We previously generated Tsc1(+/-) mice that are predisposed to renal cysts, which develop into cystadenomas and renal cell carcinomas. Here, we identified somatic Tsc1 mutations (second hits) in approximately 80% of cystadenomas and renal cell carcinomas, but only 31.6% of cysts from Tsc1(+/-) mice (P < 0.0003), raising the possibility that haploinsufficiency for Tsc1 plays a role in cyst formation. Consistent with this proposal, many cysts showed little or no staining for phosphorylated mTOR (53%) and phosphorylated S6 ribosomal protein (37%), whereas >90% of cystadenomas and renal cell carcinomas showed strong staining for both markers (P < 0.0005). We also sought somatic mutations in renal lesions from Tsc1(+/-) Blm(-/-) mice that have a high frequency of somatic loss of heterozygosity, thereby facilitating the detection of second hits. We also found significantly less somatic mutations in cysts as compared with cystadenomas and renal cell carcinomas from these mice (P = 0.017). Our data indicate that although activation of the mTOR pathway is an important step in Tsc-associated renal tumorigenesis, it may not be the key initiating event in this process.
TOPICS OF THE WEEK.
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An unusual cause of abdominal obstruction in a 10-year-old boy successfully treated by endoscopy
Authors: Lucile Héroin, Pierre Lafeuille, Guillaume Rossignol, Sophie Heissat, Remi Dubois, Jérôme Rivory, Mathieu Pioche
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

Duodenal duplication cysts are congenital anomalies caused by embryonic malformations. They are extremely rare and account for only 4 % of all gastrointestinal (GI) tract duplications. Symptoms mainly occur during the first decade of life [1].
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2022 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Authors: Connie W. Tsao, Aaron W. Aday, Zaid I. Almarzooq, Alvaro Alonso, Andrea Z. Beaton, Marcio S. Bittencourt, Amelia K. Boehme, Alfred E. Buxton, April P. Carson, Yvonne Commodore-Mensah, Mitchell S.V. Elkind, Kelly R. Evenson, Chete Eze-Nliam, Jane F. Ferguson, Giuliano Generoso, Jennifer E. Ho, Rizwan Kalani, Sadiya S. Khan, Brett M. Kissela, Kristen L. Knutson, Deborah A. Levine, Tené T. Lewis, Junxiu Liu, Matthew Shane Loop, Jun Ma, Michael E. Mussolino, Sankar D. Navaneethan, Amanda Marma Perak, Remy Poudel, Mary Rezk-Hanna, Gregory A. Roth, Emily B. Schroeder, Svati H. Shah, Evan L. Thacker, Lisa B. VanWagner, Salim S. Virani, Jenifer H. Voecks, Nae-Yuh Wang, Kristine Yaffe, Seth S. Martin
Journal: Circulation (2022)

The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and weight) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose control) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, heart failure, valvular disease, venous disease, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs).
Book Review Macleod's Physiology in Modern Medicine . Edited by Philip Bard, Ph.D. With the collaboration of Henry C. Bazett, M.D., L.R.C.P., George R. Cowgill, Ph.D., Howard J. Curtis, A.M., Ph.D., Harry Eagle, M.D., Chalmers L. Gemmill, M.D., Magnus I. Gregersen, Ph.D., Roy G. Hoskins, Ph.D., M.D., J. M. D. Olmsted, Ph.D., and Carl F. Schmidt, M.D. Ninth edition. 8°, cloth, 1256 pp., with 124 tables and 387 illustrations. St. Louis: The C. V. Mosby Company, 1941. $10.00.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1941)