tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Medical History Risk Factors for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma in Older Women
Authors: J. R. Cerhan, R. B. Wallace, C. T. Lutz, A. R. Folsom, S. Thomas A., W. Zheng, J. D. Potter
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1997)

Background: It has been suggested that certain medical conditions and drug exposures might suppress the immune system and increase the risk of developing non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Purpose: We investigated whether specific medical conditions and drug exposures were associated with the risk of NHL in a cohort of older women who were enrolled in the Iowa Women's Health Study. Methods: A cohort of 41 837 women, 55–69 years of age at baseline, was followed prospectively for the development of cancer from 1986 through 1992. These women had completed a baseline questionnaire in January 1986 that inquired about the occurrence and age at onset of specific medical conditions, about family history of cancer, and about the use of selected medications. Follow-up questionnaires were mailed to the women in 1987, 1989, and 1992. Incident cancers and deaths were ascertained through linkages to state and national databases. For most analyses, women with a self-reported history of cancer at baseline (n = 3903) were excluded. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusted for age or for age and other variables, were used as a measure of the association between NHL and medical history factors. Reported P values are two-sided. Results: One hundred fourteen incident cases of NHL were identified in the cohort during follow-up. A history of adult-onset diabetes mellitus (i.e., first diagnosed after the age of 30 years) was associated with an increased risk of developing NHL (age-adjusted RR = 2.18; 95% CI = 1.22–3.90). In addition, there was an association between the duration of adult-onset diabetes and increasing risk of NHL ( P for trend = .004), with an age-adjusted RR of 2.90 (95% CI = 1.07–7.90) for women with a diagnosis of diabetes for 15 or more years compared with women with no diagnosis of diabetes. Women with a history of blood transfusion were also at increased risk for the development of NHL (age-adjusted RR = 1.95; 95% CI = 1.33–2.85). The risk estimates for diabetes and transfusion history were independent of each other and were not changed substantially after adjustment for other risk factors. History of a previous cancer (excluding hematopoietic and lymphatic cancers) was associated with an increased risk of NHL (age adjusted RR = 1.92; 95% CI = 1.213.06); this risk estimate was attenuated somewhat after adjustment for a history of diabetes, transfusion history, and other major risk factors (RR = 1.66; 95% CI = 1.02–2.69). No statistically significant associations were found between NHL and a history of chronic colitis, nonestrogen steroid use, use of exogenous estrogens, or use of thyroid medications. Conclusions and Implications: A history of adult-onset diabetes mellitus, blood transfusion, and a history of cancer (or its treatment) appear to be independent risk factors for NHL in older women.
Effect of variation in dietary NaCl intake on total and fractional renal blood flow in the normal and mercury-intoxicated rat.
Authors: NLameire, SRingoir, ILeusen
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

We studied the effect of different chronic (3-4 weeks) dietary salt intakes on intrarenal hemodynamics of normal and mercury-intoxicated rats. Cardiac output (CO), total renal blood flow (RBF), and the zonal perfusion rate in the outer cortex (OC) and inner cortex (IC) were measured by the radioactive microsphere method. The distribution of cortical blood flow was calculated as the distribution index (DI), which reflects the ratio OC/IC. Rats were placed on a high salt diet (group I), intermediate salt diet (group II), or low salt diet (group III). For each group control rats (subgroup A) and mercury-intoxicated rats (subgroup B) were studied. No effect of the different salt intakes on the DI could be detected. The DI in group IA was 2.35 +/- 0.14; in IIA, 2.40 +/- 0.16; and in IIIA, 2.38 +/- 0.09 (P greater than 0.05). After mercury injection RBF changed from 5.32 +/- 0.36 ml/g.min(-1) (IIA) to 3.31 +/- 0.20 ml/g.min(-1), IIB and from 4.32 +/- 0.11ml/g.min(-1) (IIIA) to 1.98 +/- 0.10 ml/g.min(-1) (IIIB) ...
Gastric Acid–Suppressive Agents and Risk of
Authors: Daniel Leffler, Jeffery W Cloud, Ciaran P Kelly
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Intestinal arteriolar responses to mucosal and serosal applications of adenosine analogues.
Authors: K GProctor
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

Adenosine or its synthetic analogues were topically applied to the intestinal jejunum while steady-state blood flow was calculated in submucosal arterioles using video microscopy. Blood flow increased (220 or 130% of control) with the serosal application of 10(-6) M N-ethyl carboxamido adenosine (NECA, A2-selective agonist) or 2-chloro adenosine (2CA, nonselective agonist) but not with cyclohexyl adenosine (CHA, A1-selective agonist). The nonselective competitive antagonist, 8-phenyl theophylline, attenuated the response evoked by NECA. The mucosal application of 10(-6) M CHA caused blood flow decreases (81% of control), but neither NECA nor 2CA evoked a response. These observations suggest a mucosal diffusion barrier, so the concentrations of the analogues were raised one hundredfold. Serosal 10(-4) M CHA or NECA caused blood flow increases, but the effects were negligible with mucosal application, suggesting that the mucosa was indeed impermeable to these compounds. The responses evoked by 10(-4) M 2CA ...
Metabolic oxidation of glucose during early myocardial reperfusion.
Authors: BRenstrom, S HNellis, A JLiedtke
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

We have previously studied the relation between long-chain fatty acid and pyruvate metabolism in reperfused myocardium and noted a rapid return of fatty acid oxidation to at least preischemic values accompanied by a marked decrease in pyruvate oxidation. The purpose of the present report is to further characterize carbohydrate metabolism during reflow by describing rates of glucose oxidation using [6-14C]glucose. Oxidative performance was determined with and without preserved fatty acid utilization; the latter condition was effected by oxfenicine, which inhibits palmitoylcarnitine transferase I. In the main protocol, two groups of working swine hearts (n = 18) were perfused aerobically for 30 minutes, rendered regionally ischemic (-60 delta % in anterior descending coronary flow) for 45 minutes, and reperfused at control flows for a final 50 minutes of perfusion. An emulsion of Intralipid with heparin was administered systemically throughout the studies to augment serum fatty acids (average fatty acid val...
Localization of adenosine deaminase and adenosine deaminase complexing protein in rabbit heart. Implications for adenosine metabolism.
Authors: W PSchrader, C AWest
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

The distribution of adenosine deaminase and adenosine deaminase complexing protein in rabbit heart has been compared using immunohistochemical staining procedures. Sections (4-5 microns) of tissue fixed in Clarke's solution or paraformaldehyde and embedded in paraffin were stained by the peroxidase anti-peroxidase method for adenosine deaminase or complexing protein, using affinity purified antibodies. Staining for adenosine deaminase and complexing protein was observed in the central myocardium of all heart chambers. Adenosine deaminase was detected in endothelial cells of blood vessels and adjacent pericytes. The nuclei of arteries stained heavily for adenosine deaminase, whereas those of venules and small veins, although positive, stained much more lightly. The cytoplasm of blood vessel endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells of the tunica media were also weakly positive for adenosine deaminase. Endothelial cells of the endocardium and epicardium did not stain. Randomly distributed mononuclear inflam...
Influence of hematocrit, blood gas tensions, and pH on pressure-flow relations in the isolated canine lung.
Authors: DBucens, M CPain
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

An isolated perfused canine lung preparation in which determinants of vascular caliber could be individually controlled was developed. The relation of pulmonary arterial (Pa), venous (PV), and alveolar (PA) pressures was such that Pa greater than PA greater than PV throughout the whole lung. The addition of isoprenaline to the perfusate abolished vascular reactivity. Once stability was reached, vascular cross-sectional area remained acceptably constant for 2.25 hours as judged by normalized conductance. The influence of perfusate hematocrit, blood gas tensions, and pH on pressure-flow relations was then studied in 15 isolated canine lungs. The hematocrit-vascular conductance relation was derived at constant perfusion pressure. Conductance varied linearly with hematocrit over a range of 16.5 to 89.5%. Mean pulmonary arterial blood gas tensions were: PO2 = 121 mm Hg, PCO2 = 28 mm Hg, and pH = 7.46. Acute respiratory acidosis (PO2 = 30 mm Hg, PCO2 = 81 mm Hg, pH = 7.17) and lactic acidosis and hypoxemia (PO2...
Determinants of cardiac involvement in children and adolescents with essential hypertension.
Authors: S DDaniels, R AMeyer, J MLoggie
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Left ventricular hypertrophy is often found in association with systemic hypertension and may be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality. Few studies have investigated the determinants of left ventricular mass (LVM) in young patients with essential hypertension. Therefore, we studied 104 children and adolescents with blood pressure persistently greater than the 90th percentile for age and sex and with no known cause of blood pressure elevation. LVM was determined by echocardiography and was indexed by height to account for body size. The mean LVM index was 90.2 +/- 26.0 g/m. Using the gender-specific 95th percentile from normal children, 40 subjects (38.5%) had left ventricular hypertrophy. Using multiple regression analysis, the significant independent direct correlates of LVM index were male sex, body mass index, dietary sodium intake, age at diagnosis, and systolic blood pressure at maximum exercise. The significant independent inverse correlate of LVM index was re...
Focal mechanisms underlying ventricular tachycardia during prolonged ischemic cardiomyopathy.
Authors: S MPogwizd
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDThe present study was performed to define the mechanisms underlying spontaneously occurring ventricular arrhythmias in the failing heart.METHODS AND RESULTSThree-dimensional cardiac mapping from as many as 232 intramural sites was performed in five dogs with ischemic cardiomyopathy induced by multiple intracoronary embolizations. After 5 to 10 weekly embolizations with 90-microns latex microspheres into the left anterior and circumflex coronary arteries, left ventricular ejection fraction decreased from 63 +/- 3% to 22 +/- 3%. Subsequent weekly Holter monitoring of dogs in the conscious state demonstrated frequent multiform premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) (< or = 2000/d), couplets, and runs of ventricular tachycardia (VT) (< or = 70 beats in duration and < or = 560 beats per minute) in all dogs. Three-dimensional mapping of spontaneous rhythm for 60 minutes was performed an average of 6.4 weeks after the last embolization, during which time each dog demonstrated multiform PVCs, couplets, ...
Management of Fibromyalgia Syndrome
Authors: Arthur L Jenkins
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Arachidonate metabolism in cultured fibroblasts derived from normal and infarcted canine heart.
Authors: D RWeber, E DStroud, S MPrescott
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Metabolites of arachidonic acid (eicosanoids) may have an important role in the healing process after myocardial infarction. We examined the ability of cardiac fibroblasts from normal and from healing infarcted ventricle to metabolize arachidonate. We induced myocardial infarction in dogs and then allowed them to recover for 1 week, at which time they were killed, and the heart was removed. Fibroblasts were harvested from normal and from the healing, infarcted areas of the left ventricle. The cells from each source were morphologically indistinguishable. There were 347 +/- 102-fold more fibroblasts cultured from the infarcted area than from the normal area. Interestingly, the infarct-derived cells had a slower doubling time (37.4 +/- 3.7 hours) than the normal cells (22.0 +/- 3.6 hours). The uptake of exogenous arachidonate and its distribution in complex lipids was the same in the cells from each area. When stimulated with the calcium ionophore, free exogenous arachidonate, bradykinin, or histamine the c...
Dose-dependent modulation of the cardiac sodium channel by sea anemone toxin ATXII.
Authors: Nel-Sherif, H AFozzard, D AHanck
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

The effects of sea anemone toxin ATXII on single sodium channels were studied in cell-attached patches on rabbit ventricular myocytes at 20-22 degrees C. Exposure of patches to 1,000 nM ATXII induced long-lasting bursts of openings, which were more dramatically different from control at -20 mV than at -50 mV. Mean open duration, which had a biphasic dependence on voltage in control patches, was monotonically dependent on voltage in toxin-exposed patches, being 3.5 times longer than control at -20 mV and 4.5 times longer at -10 mV. Multiple mean open durations were detected at depolarized potentials. To test whether the multiple mean open durations resulted from a mixture of modified and unmodified openings, histograms of late openings (when unmodified channels would be inactivated) were constructed. Because in most cases these fit a single exponential with a mean open duration like that of modified channels, we conclude that voltage-dependent toxin unbinding produced a mixed population of unmodified and m...
Significance of left ventricular outflow tract cross-sectional area in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a two-dimensional echocardiographic assessment.
Authors: PSpirito, B JMaron
Journal: Circulation (1983)

The morphologic determinants of subaortic obstruction in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are not completely understood. To define the relation between left ventricular outflow tract orifice size and presence or absence of subaortic obstruction, we studied 65 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and 16 normal controls by quantitative two-dimensional echocardiography. Left ventricular outflow tract area was measured at the onset of systole in the short-axis view in the stop-frame mode. Left ventricular outflow tract area was significantly smaller in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and subaortic obstruction (2.6 +/- 0.7 cm2) than in patients without obstruction (5.9 +/- 1.6 cm2, p less than 0.001). Twenty of 21 patients with obstruction had a left ventricular outflow tract area smaller than 4.0 cm2, whereas 28 of 30 patients without obstruction had a left ventricular outflow tract area of 4.0 cm2 or greater. The outflow tract area in patients with provocable obstruction (4.6 +/- 1.6 ...
Fat-suppressed breath-hold magnetic resonance coronary angiography.
Authors: W JManning, WLi, N GBoyle, R REdelman
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDThe ability to image the coronary arteries noninvasively would represent an advance in patient care. We have developed a magnetic resonance (MR) angiographic technique that allows the acquisition of complete images of coronary flow within a single breath-hold. By this method, the feasibility of noninvasive MR coronary angiography was evaluated in 25 subjects, including 19 healthy adult volunteers and six patients after diagnostic coronary angiography.METHODS AND RESULTSNoninvasive MR coronary angiography was performed with a fat-suppressed ECG-gated gradient-echo sequence with k-space segmentation. Overlapping transverse sections were initially used to image coronary flow, with oblique images obtained after identification of proximal anatomy. The left main coronary artery was seen in 24 subjects (96%), with a mean diameter of 4.8 mm (range, 3.4-6.2 mm) and average length of 10 mm (range, 8-14 mm). The left anterior descending coronary artery was seen in 100% of subjects, with a mean proximal dia...
The evaluation of left ventricular function in man. A comparison of methods.
Authors: T HKreulen, A ABove, M TMcDonough, M JSands, J FSpann
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Comparisons of the sensitivities of parameters for assessing left ventricular performance in man were made in 38 patients. The parameters compared were the ejection fraction, ventriculographic contraction patterns, the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, and the contractile indices including the contractile element velocity at 10 mm Hg (Vce 10) and maximal contractile element velocity (Vmax). The contractile indices were obtained by catheter tip manometry, utilizing developed pressure (DP) to calculate the velocity of contractile element shortening (Vce) from the formula: dp/dt divided by 32 DP. Vce 10 was measured directly and Vmax was derived by linear manual extrapolation of the pressure-velocity plot to 0 mm Hg. Vmax values derived from linear manual extrapolation were compared with values obtained by computer least squares fitting of the Vce and developed pressure data points to single and double exponential equations. The Vce and developed pressure data points fit the single exponential equatio...
Evaluating biomarkers as predictors of cancer therapy cardiotoxicity: all you need is a meta‐analysis? Reply
Authors: Lars Michel, Tienush Rassaf, Matthias Totzeck
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2020)

With improvements of cancer therapy and increasing numbers of long-term survivors, the timely diagnosis and management of cardiovascular complications is highly relevant to prevent morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. Biomarkers have been tested as diagnostic tools for cardiotoxicity in various settings, but aggregate evidence has been missing. We are thankful for the recent appreciation of our meta-analysis, which depicts the existing data for troponins and natriuretic peptides concerning this matter. We indicated a predictive role of troponin for cardiac dysfunction following anthracycline chemotherapy, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 inhibitor therapy, and high-dose chemotherapy regimens, based on 61 prospective studies.1 One of the newer investigations is a recent study by Demissei et al.,2 which we were asked to re-consider for aggregate analysis. We have re-calculated our results accordingly and included this study. The updated meta-analysis further supports our general finding for troponin as a marker for cardiotoxicity (Figure 1A), but convincing evidence for a role for (N-terminal pro) brain natriuretic peptide remains warranted (Figure 1B). Cardiotoxicity is not limited to conventional chemotherapy, but may also result from modern targeted and immune therapies, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI).3 Troponin elevations are associated with ICI-related myocarditis (sensitivity of 94%), and correlate with adverse outcomes if sustained.4 Most available evidence is from retrospective analyses and small case series. Given the lack of multiple systematic evidence for troponin testing and event rates under ICI therapy, ICI therapy regimens had to be excluded from this current meta-analysis based on our pre-specified inclusion criteria.1 Previous cancer studies have been limited, at least in part. This relates to the heterogeneity of cancer entities, cancer therapy, and variations regarding biomarkers and echocardiography parameters. Within our meta-analysis, questions have been raised regarding e.g. the different types of biomarker assays and cut-off values for left ventricular dysfunction. We note that our subgroup analysis regarding these issues did not provide any detectable differences.1 Also, data on long-term outcomes and clinical endpoints in patients with increased biomarkers and ejection fraction reductions are largely missing currently, but a small number of individual studies shows an increased mortality in cancer patients with elevated cardiac biomarkers.5 Therefore, we agree that only large cohesive registries with robust clinical endpoints will be able to provide definite evidence for cardio-oncology patients, which is one of the most relevant findings of our analysis.1
Institutional variation of coronary artery bypass graft surgery: emphasis on myocardial protection.
Authors: G CKaiser
Journal: Circulation (1982)

There are institutional variations in the operative mortality of coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Patient selection, based on clinical and angiographic criteria, is a significant factor. Even after adjustment for patient selection, institutional differences remain. Operative experience and volume of cases are also related to institutional variations. Recent attention to the technique of myocardial preservation has highlighted its significance in reducing the incidence of perioperative myocardial infarction and operative mortality. Institutional heterogeneity also exists in the nonoperative management of ischemic heart disease. However, undetected factors probably significantly affect the outcome. These institutional variations emphasize a major advantage of randomized clinical trials--that they should equalize these unknown factors.