tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A theoretical method for estimating small vessel distensibility in humans.
Authors: D JPatel, R NVaishnav, B RColeman, R JTearney, L NCothran, C LCurrey
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

A simple theoretical approach is presented for estimating vascular distensibility of small blood vessels from noninvasively obtained pressure-flow data in the hand and forearm of human subjects. To the extent that Poiseuille's law applies to blood flow in these vascular beds, conductance (the reciprocal of vascular resistance) can be calculated from these data as the ratio of blood flow to mean arterial pressure. The fourth root of the conductance is proportional to the radius of the vascular bed. The slope of the relation between the logarithm of the radius of the vascular bed and the transmural pressure is proportional to the vascular extensibility (E), which, in turn, for small deformations and constant vascular length, is proportional to the distensibility of small blood vessel. Data obtained from the hands of six hypertensive subjects were compared with that obtained from six normotensive subjects, all with their vascular beds in a maximally dilated state. Also compared were data obtained from four n...
112P Atezolizumab as first-line therapy for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis on overall survival
Authors: E. Marcella, B. Susanto, S. Chen, J. Tandiono, A. Tancherla, R.S. Heriyanto, F. Wijovi, A. Kurniawan
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Plasma catecholamines, platelet aggregation and associated thromboxane formation after physical exercise, smoking or norepinephrine infusion.
Authors: WSiess, RLorenz, PRoth, P CWeber
Journal: Circulation (1982)

To study the possible role of catecholamines in platelet activation, platelet aggregation stimulated by ADP, collagen, arachidonic acid and L-epinephrine, thromboxane B2 (TXB2) formation and plasma levels of catecholamines and renin were studied in healthy men both before and after 6 days of propranolol treatment (40 mg three times daily) under control conditions and during sympathoadrenergic stimulation by physical exercise (200 W) or smoking. Exercise markedly increased plasma norepinephrine from 128 +/- 28 to 998 +/- 418 pg/ml (+/- SD), and plasma renin activity from 1.0 +/- 0.5 to 4.2 +/- 1.8 ng AI/ml . hour. Smoking predominantly increased plasma epinephrine, from 47 +/- 25 to 154 +/- 76 pg/ml. Propranolol did not consistently influence these variables, but blunted the circulatory response to exercise and smoking. Despite the marked increases of plasma catecholamines after both stimuli with and without beta blockade, platelet aggregation stimulated by ADP, 1-epinephrine, collagen and arachidonic acid...
Relation of mitochondrial and cytosolic free calcium to cardiac myocyte recovery after exposure to anoxia.
Authors: HMiyata, E GLakatta, M DStern, H SSilverman
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

Mitochondrial calcium overload has been suggested as a marker for irreversible injury in the ischemic heart. A new technique is used to measure dynamic changes in mitochondrial free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]m) in electrically stimulated (0.2 Hz) adult rat cardiac myocytes during exposure to anoxia and reoxygenation. Cells were incubated with indo-1 AM, which distributes in both the cytosol and mitochondria. After Mn2+ quenching of the cytosolic signal, cells were exposed to anoxia, and the residual fluorescence was monitored. [Ca2+]m averaged 94 +/- 3 nM (n = 16) at baseline, less than the baseline diastolic cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]c, 124 +/- 4 nM, n = 12), which was measured in cells loaded with the pentapotassium salt of indo-1. [Ca2+]m and [Ca2+]c rose steadily only after the onset of ATP-depletion rigor contracture. At reoxygenation 35 minutes later, [Ca2+]c fell rapidly to preanoxic levels and then often showed a transient further rise. In contrast, [Ca2+]m showed only a sligh...
Nilotinib/Interferon-α Combination Rapidly Enhances Leukaemia-Associated Antigen-Specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Immune Responses, Limits Natural Killer Cell Maturation and Triggers B Cell Remodelling
Authors: Amy Hughes, Jade Clarson, Deborah L White, David Yeung, Timothy P. Hughes, Agnes S. M. Yong
Journal: Blood (2017)
Improving Access to Care: Telemedicine Across Medical Domains
Authors: William Barbosa, Kina Zhou, Emma Waddell, Taylor Myers, E. Ray Dorsey
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (2021)

Over the past 20 years, the use of telemedicine has increased exponentially. Its fundamental aim is to improve access to care. In this review, we assess the extent to which telemedicine has fulfilled this promise across medical domains. Additionally, we assess whether telemedicine has improved related health outcomes. Finally, we determine who has benefited from this novel form of health care delivery. A review of the literature indicates that (a) telemedicine has improved access to care for a wide range of clinical conditions ranging from stroke to pregnancy; (b) telemedicine in select circumstances has demonstrated improved health outcomes; and (c) telemedicine has addressed geographical, but less so social, barriers to care. For telemedicine to fulfill its promise, additional evidence needs to be gathered on health outcomes and cost savings, the digital divide needs to be bridged, and policy changes that support telemedicine reimbursement need to be enacted.
HDL cholesterol and other lipids in coronary heart disease. The cooperative lipoprotein phenotyping study.
Authors: W PCastelli, J TDoyle, TGordon, C GHames, M CHjortland, S BHulley, AKagan, W JZukel
Journal: Circulation (1977)

The relation between coronary heart disease (CHD) prevalence and fasting lipid levels was assessed by a case-control study in five populations with a total of 6859 men and women of black, Japanese and white ancestry drawn from subjects aged 40 years and older from populations in Albany, Framingham, Evans County, Honolulu and San Francisco. In each major study group mean levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were lower in persons with CHD than in those without the disease. The average difference was small -- typically 3-4 mg/dl -- but statistically significant. It was found in most age-race-sex specific groups. The inverse HDL cholesterol-CHD association was not appreciably diminished when adjusted for levels of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglyceride. LDL, totoal cholesterol and triglycerides were directly related to CHD prevalence; surprisingly, these findings were less uniformly present in the various study groups than the inverse HDL cholesterol-CHD association.
Cardiotonic activity of amrinone--Win 40680 [5-amino-3,4'-bipyridine-6(1H)-one].
Authors: A AAlousi, A EFarah, G YLesher, C JOpalka
Journal: Circulation Research (1979)

The cardiotonic activity of a new, noncatechol, nonglycoside agent, amrinone, was investigated in vitro and in anesthestized and unanesthetized dogs. Amrinone (3-100 microgram/ml) caused a dose-dependent increase in papillary muscle developed tension and df/dt without significant changes in duration of the contractile cycle or time-to-peak tension. Amrinone induced slight increases in right atrial rate with no changes in electrophysiological properties of the cat papillary muscle or dog Purkinje fibers. In anesthetized dogs, intravenous bolus injections of amrinone at doses ranging from 1 to 10 mg/kg caused increases in cardiac contractile force and left ventricular dp/dt max with relatively small changes in heart rate and blood pressure. No significant changes in lead II ECG were observed. In unanesthetized dogs, intravenous infusion of amrinone (10-100 microgram/kg per min) caused increases in left ventricular dp/dt max and only small changes in heart rate and blood pressure. Amrinone, tested orally in ...
Intracellular calcium homeostasis in cardiac myocytes.
Authors: W HBarry, J HBridge
Journal: Circulation (1993)

Calcium homeostasis in cardiac myocytes results from the integrated function of transsarcolemmal Ca2+ influx and efflux pathways modulated by membrane potential and from intracellular Ca2+ uptake and release caused predominantly by SR function. These processes can be importantly altered in different disease states as well as by pharmacological agents, and the resulting changes in systolic and diastolic [Ca2+]i can cause clinically significant alterations in contraction and relaxation of the heart. It may be anticipated that a rapid increase in our understanding of the pathophysiology of Ca2+ homeostasis in cardiac myocytes will be forthcoming as the powerful new tools of molecular and structural biology are used to investigate the regulation of Ca2+ transport systems.
What has been the effect of covid-19 on suicide rates?
Authors: Louis Appleby
Journal: BMJ (2021)

What has been the effect of covid-19 on suicide rates?Suicide rates haven't risen, but we should be cautious Louis Appleby professor of psychiatryNot a week passes without a story in the press about the impact of covid-19 on suicide.Claims on social media seem to appear daily.A year into the pandemic, what is the evidence?The short answer is that there has been little effect.But it's more complex than that, as it always is with suicide statistics.
Renal function of conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Authors: W HBeierwaltes, W JArendshorst
Journal: Circulation Research (1978)

Renal clearance studies were performed in conscious 13-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) before and during volume expansion by intravenous infusion of isotonic saline. Mean arterial pressure and filtration fraction were greater in SHR, whereas fractional and absolute excretion of sodium and water, glomerular filtration rate, and renal plasma flow in SHR and WKY were not statistically different. This was the case during hydropenia and volume expansion. We did not observe as exaggerated natriuresis after intravenous loading when unanesthetized SHR were compared with the response of WKY. These observations suggest that the kidneys of genetically hypertensive rats of the Okamoto-Aoki strain have adapted to an elevated renal perfusion pressure or that hypertension is required to normalize renal function so that excretion is appropriately matched with intake.
Evidence for a renal alpha-adrenergic receptor inhibiting renin release.
Authors: W APettinger, T KKeeton, W BCampbell, D CHarper
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

The mechanism by which clonidine suppresses renin release was investigated in conscious rats. This suppression was studied by means of selected autonomic interventions in conjunction with changes in sodium balance. Serum renin activity and direct arterial pressure were monitored. Clonidine administration suppressed basal (by 68-85%), diuretic-induced (by 89%), and sympathetic nervous system-mediated (by 75-100%) renin release. Cholinergic, ganglionic, and peripheral sympathetic neuronal blockade did not prevent this inhibitory effect of clonidine. These results indicate a peripheral site of action for suppression of renin release by clonidine. The alpha-adrenergic blocking drug phentolamine prevented clonidine suppression of renin release in sodium-depleted rats and was partially effective in normal rats. Phentolamine blocked the decrease in renin caused by clonidine in ganglion-blocked rats. Clozapine, a new neuroleptic agent with alpha-adrenergic blocking activity, or phenoxybenzamine blocked the effect...
University of Southern California pays $1bn to women over alleged sexual assaults by gynaecologist
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2021)

The University of Southern California (USC) has agreed to pay $852m (£618m; €727m) to 710 women who said that they were sexually abused or assaulted by George Tyndall, a former gynaecologist at the USC’s student health centre.

The payment, approved by a Los Angeles County superior court, will bring the university’s total liability to over $1bn. Last year a judge approved a $215m settlement offered by USC to settle a separate class action suit by Tyndall’s former patients in federal court. The earlier settlement may ultimately be shared among as many as 18 000 women who consulted the gynaecologist during his 30 years at the university.

The newer payout relates only to cases of abuse alleged from 2009 to 2016. Tyndall was arrested in 2019 and awaits trial …
Echocardiographic assessment of cardiac anatomy and function in hypertensive subjects.
Authors: D DSavage, J IDrayer, W LHenry, E CMathews, J HWare, J MGardin, E RCohen, S EEpstein, J HLaragh
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Cardiovascular complications are a major source of morbidity and mortality in hypertensive patients. To assess the prevalence of anatomic and functional abnormalities of the heart in such patients, we studied 234 asymptomatic subjects with mild-to-moderate systemic hypertension by echocardiography. After adjusting the echocardiographic values for age and body surface area, we found abnormally increased ventricular septal and/or posterobasal free-wall thickness in 61% of the hypertensive subjects. We found increased left atrial, aortic root, and left ventricular internal dimension (at end-diastole) in 5-7%, and decreased mitral valve closing velocity (E-F slope) and left ventricular ejection fraction were noted in six and 15% of the subjects, respectively. Four percent of the patients had disproportionate septal thickening (i.e., ventricular septal-to-left ventricular free-wall thickness ratio greater than or equal to 1.3). In contrast to the high prevalence of cardiac abnormalities detected by echocardiog...
Compression of the coronary arteries by the fibrillating canine heart.
Authors: JDowney
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

We performed experiments to test whether the subendocardial ischemia which reportedly accompanies elective ventricular fibrillation (VF) during cardiopulmonary bypass might be the result of mechanical compression of the coronary vessels. The left coronary artery of the open-chest, anesthetized dog was cannulated and perfused with arterial blood through an extracorporeal circuit. Coronary inflow rate was held constant with a pump and the coronary vessels were dilated maximally by infusing adenosine. Any change in perfusion pressure or the transmural distribution of flow in these hearts would have been due to changes in compression. When the hearts were stopped in diastole by vagal stimulation, infusion of microspheres 15 mum in diameter revealed a subendocardial to subepicardial (inner to outer) flow ratio (I/O) of 1.2. When the same hearts were caused to fibrillate spontaneously (not electrically maintained) the I/O fell to 0.9. Little change in coronary perfusion pressure occurred between arrest and VF. ...
Carcinoid heart disease: relationship of circulating vasoactive substances to ultrasound-detectable cardiac abnormalities.
Authors: LLundin, INorheim, JLandelius, KOberg, ETheodorsson-Norheim
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Cardiac ultrasound investigation of 68 prospectively studied patients with histologically proven midgut carcinoid tumors showed right heart disease in 66%. The abnormal findings included morphologic and functional aberrations of the tricuspid valve in 52% and 83%, respectively, right atrial and ventricular enlargement in 53% and 30%, and paradoxical systolic septal contractions in 19%. The patients with the most pronounced right heart disease had significantly higher (p less than .01) plasma levels of the tachykinins neuropeptide K and substance P as well as higher (p less than .001) urinary excretion of the serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid. These patients also had the most extensive tumor disease. The occurrence of echocardiographic abnormalities of the left heart was similar to that in healthy individuals of the same age, but abnormalities were less frequent among the patients with severe right heart disease. Electrocardiographic changes were nonspecific. Right heart disease thus seems to...
DOTATATE -Avid Bilateral Axilla and Subpectoral Lymphadenopathy Induced From COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination Visualized on PET/CT
Authors: Yang Lu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

Abstract A 64-year-old woman with malignant carcinoid tumor of the ileum received right ileocolectomy 9 years ago. Series follow-up imaging studies including most recent 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT scan in June 2020 have been negative for disease. Current 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT scan showed new cluster of bilateral axillary and subpectoral lymphadenopathy with normal CT morphology, but with avid DOTATATE uptake. There was no other abnormal DOTATATE-avid lesion or suspicious CT image findings. The medical history revealed that the patient received 2 doses of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) mRNA vaccine at bilateral upper arm deltoid muscles at 21 and 42 days prior to the PET/CT examination, respectively.
Dietary Cholesterol or Egg Consumption and Cardiovascular Outcomes
Authors: Thomas Charles Keyserling, Seth A. Berkowitz, Carmen D. Samuel-Hodge
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ABC of psychological medicine. The consultation.[comment]. [Review] [3 refs]
Authors: UsherwoodT. Gask Ll
Journal: BMJ (2002)

DB - MEDLINE UI - 12089097 IN - University of Manchester CM - Comment in: BMJ. 2002 Jun 29;324(7353):1536-7; PMID: 12089075, Comment in: BMJ. 2002 Sep 14;325(7364):599; PMID: 12228148 AS - BMJ. 2002 Jun 29;324(7353):1567-9 JC - 8900488 SB - AIM, IM CP - England PT - Journal Article PT - Review PT - Review, Tutorial LG - English
Effect of left ventricular akinesis on cardiac performance. Experimental study using a new model.
Authors: P RMaggs, T PNener, F HEllis
Journal: Circulation (1979)

The understanding of left ventricular failure and cardiogenic shock after myocardial infarction has been facilitated by a two-component model proposed by Swan et al. which views the left ventricle as consisting of a clearly defined infarcted portion and a normally functioning remainder. Although appealing, this model is difficult to substantiate experimentally. We describe a new experimental preparation in which the infarct is stimulated by replacing part of the left ventricular wall with an inert patch of Dacron material. In 18 dogs studied after replacing varying amounts of left ventricular contractile mass with noncontractile patches, the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure rose in proportion to the size of the patch. Contractility was unchanged, and overall left ventricular pump function was normal. These data support the conceptual model. The experimental preparation is applicable to other studies of left ventricular akinesis.
Evaluation of standard and active compression-decompression CPR in an acute human model of ventricular fibrillation.
Authors: J JShultz, PCoffeen, MSweeney, BDetloff, CKehler, EPineda, PYakshe, S WAdler, MChang, K GLurie
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDThe mechanisms that underlie cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in humans remain controversial and difficult to study. This report describes a new human model to evaluate CPR during the first 1 to 2 minutes after the onset of ventricular fibrillation (VF). With this model, standard CPR was compared with active compression-decompression (ACD) CPR, a method that uses a handheld suction device to actively compress and actively decompress the chest.METHODS AND RESULTSDuring routine inductions of VF as part of a transvenous lead cardioverter/defibrillator implantation procedure, CPR was performed in 21 patients if the first defibrillation shock failed and until a successful rescue shock was delivered. Compressions during CPR were performed according to American Heart Association guidelines. For ACD CPR, decompression was performed with up to -30 lbs. Radial arterial and right atrial pressures were measured in all patients. Esophageal pressures, intratracheal pressures, or minute ventilation was meas...
Tubal ligation, hysterectomy, and risk of ovarian cancer
Authors: A. L. Silver
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To the Editor.  —Dr Hankinson and colleagues1report a strong inverse association between tubal ligation and ovarian cancer in which tubal ligation reduced the risk of ovarian cancer to about one-third that of the control group; simple hysterectomy was almost as effective. How can one explain this? The authors speculate that blood supply to the ovaries might be affected. Also, they mention that oral contraceptives also have been shown to reduce the risk of ovarian cancer.2Meanwhile, they report on the intriguing data implicating talc as a causative agent,3-5but do not highlight this evidence of the flow of carcinogenic and other agents from perineum to ovaries.  Is it possible that tubal ligation prevents ovarian cancer simply by limiting the upward flow of yet-to-be-identified toxins? Are contraceptive foams and gels to be implicated? Were these materials studied in the Nurses' Health Study? Tubal ligation, hysterectomy, and oral
Guanine nucleotide-dependent inositol trisphosphate formation in chick heart cells.
Authors: L GJones, DGoldstein, J HBrown
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

Stimulation of muscarinic receptors in dissociated embryonic chick heart cells promotes the hydrolysis of the phosphoinositides resulting in accumulation of the breakdown products inositol trisphosphate, bisphosphate, and monophosphate (InsP3, Insp2, and InsP, respectively). [3H]InsP3 and [3H]InsP2 are significantly elevated within 10 seconds of carbachol addition, while there is a lag in the accumulation of [3H]InsP. The time courses of the formation of the inositol phosphates suggest that carbachol activates a polyphosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C resulting in the formation of InsP3, which is subsequently metabolized to InsP2 and InsP. High-performance liquid chromotography analysis demonstrates the formation of both naturally occurring InsP3 isomers (Ins-1,4,5-P3 and Ins-1,3,4,-P3) and of inositol tetrakisphosphate (InsP4) as well. To investigate whether a guanine nucleotide-binding protein couples receptor stimulation to phosphoinositide (PI) hydrolysis in the heart, we developed a saponin-per...