tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Role for Granulocyte <scp>Colony‐Stimulating</scp> Factor in Neutrophilic Extramedullary Myelopoiesis in a Murine Model of Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Bert Malengier‐Devlies, Eline Bernaerts, Kourosh Ahmadzadeh, Jessica Filtjens, Jessica Vandenhaute, Bram Boeckx, Oliver Burton, Amber De Visscher, Tania Mitera, Nele Berghmans, Geert Verbeke, Adrian Liston, Diether Lambrechts, Paul Proost, Carine Wouters, Patrick Matthys
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2022)

Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a systemic inflammatory disease with childhood onset. Systemic JIA is associated with neutrophilia, including immature granulocytes, potentially driven by the growth factor granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). This study was undertaken to investigate the role of G-CSF in the pathology of systemic JIA.Injection of Freund's complete adjuvant (CFA) in BALB/c mice induces mild inflammation and neutrophilia in wild-type (WT) mice and a more pronounced disease, reminiscent to that of JIA patients, in interferon-γ-knockout (IFNγ-KO) mice. Extramedullary myelopoiesis was studied in CFA-immunized mice by single-cell RNA sequencing, and the effect of G-CSF receptor (G-CSFR) blockage on neutrophil development and systemic JIA pathology was evaluated. Additionally, plasma G-CSF levels were measured in patients.Both in systemic JIA patients and in a corresponding mouse model, plasma G-CSF levels were increased. In the mouse model, we demonstrated that G-CSF is responsible for the observed neutrophilia and extramedullary myelopoiesis and the induction of immature neutrophils and myeloid-derived suppressor-like cells. Administration of a G-CSFR antagonizing antibody blocked the maturation and differentiation of neutrophils in CFA-immunized mice. In IFNγ-KO mice, treatment was associated with almost complete inhibition of arthritis due to reduced neutrophilia and osteoclast formation. Disease symptoms were ameliorated, but slight increases in interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor, and IL-17 were detected upon G-CSFR inhibition in the IFNγ-KO mice, and were associated with mild increases in weight loss, tail damage, and immature red blood cells.We describe the role of G-CSF in a mouse model of systemic JIA and suggest an important role for G-CSF-induced myelopoiesis and neutrophilia in regulating the development of arthritis.
Vaginal Operations
Authors: J. H. Hannan
Journal: BMJ (1947)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> Biofilms play an important role in the pathogenesis of Group A Streptococcus (GAS), a gram-positive pathogen responsible for a wide range infections and significant public health impact. Although most GAS serotypes are able to form biofilms, there is large heterogeneity between individual strains in biofilm formation, as measured by standard crystal violet assays. It is generally accepted that biofilm formation includes initial adhesion of bacterial cells to a surface, followed by microcolony formation, biofilm maturation, and extensive production of extracellular matrix that links together proliferating cells and provides a scaffold for the three-dimensional biofilm structure. However, our studies show that for GAS strain JS95, microcolony formation is not an essential step in static biofilm formation, and instead, biofilm can be effectively formed from slow-growing or non-replicating late exponential or early stationary planktonic cells, via sedimentation and fixation of GAS chains into biofilms. In addition, we show that the GAS capsule specifically contributes to the alternative, sedimentation-initiated biofilms. Microcolony-independent, sedimentation biofilms are similar in morphology and 3-D structure to biofilms initiated by actively dividing planktonic bacteria. We conclude that GAS can form biofilms by an alternate, non-canonical mechanism that does not require transition from microcolony formation to biofilm maturation, and which may be obscured by biofilm phenotypes that arise via the classical biofilm maturation processes. <h3>IMPORTANCE</h3> The static biofilm assay is a common tool for easy biomass quantification of biofilm forming bacteria. However, <i>S. pyogenes</i> biofilm formation as measured by the static assay is strain dependent and yields heterogeneous results for different strains of the same serotype. In this study, we show that two independent mechanisms, for which the protective capsule contributes opposing functions, may contribute to static biofilm formation. We propose that separation of these mechanisms for biofilm formation might uncover previously unappreciated biofilm phenotypes that may otherwise be masked in the classic static assay.
Jejunal perfusion of simple and conjugated folates in celiac sprue.
Authors: C H Halsted, A M Reisenauer, J J Romero, D S Cantor, B Ruebner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1977)

The intestinal absorption of [3H]-pteroylmonoglutamate (simple folic acid) and pteroyl-micron[14C]glutamyl-gamma-hexaglutamate ([14C]PG-7, conjugated folic acid) was assessed by the method of jejunal perfusion in five patients with proven celiac sprue who were studied after a gluten-containing or a gluten-free diet, and in nine normal subjects. The luminal disappearance of each folate was markedly impaired after exposure of the patients to dietary gluten and improved by gluten restriction, but not to within the range found in the normal subjects. The luminal disappearance of each folate was markedly impaired after exposure of the patients to dietary gluten and improved by gluten restriction, but not to within the range found in the normal subjects. In each experiment, column chromatography of the luminal aspirates revealed similar spectra of hydrolytic products of [14C]PG-7, whereas the fraction of the distal aspirate chromatogram appearing as pteroyl-micron[14C]glutamyl-gamma-monoglutamate ([14C]-PG-1) was similar in all three groups. By accounting for the variable effects of absorption on the luminal appearance of [14C]PG-1 and by correcting for mucosal hydrolysis which was not followed by release of [14C]PG-1 to the luminal contents, the calculated rate of in vivo hydrolysis of [14C]PG-7 to [14C]PG-1 was found impaired in both celiac sprue groups, with significant improvement on treatment. In mucosal biopsies from the sprue patients, the in vitro activity of folate conjugase in whole homogenates was higher and the activity of disaccharidase lower than in a group of 12 normal mucosal biopsies. These in vitro data suggest that the predominant cellular location of mucosal folate conjugase is different from that of disaccharidase, whereas comparison with the results of in vivo hydrolysis suggests that measurement of the enzyme in whole mucosal homogenates overestimates its significant digestive activity. The present studies indicate that (a) the mucosal lesion of celiac sprue significantly limits the intestinal absorption of both simple and conjugated folate, and (b) malabsorption of conjugated folate results from a combination of impaired hydrolysis and decreased mucosal uptake of hydrolytic product.
Management of the Cardiac Patient
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Missing Initials in Author Names
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

James Nugent, MD, MPH; Abinet Aklilu, MD; Yu Yamamoto, MS; Michael Simonov, MD; Fan Li, PhD; Aditya Biswas, BS; Lama Ghazi, MD, PhD; Jason H. Greenberg, MD, MHS; Sherry G. Mansour, MD, MS; Dennis G. Moledina, MD, PhD; F. Perry Wilson, MD, MSCE
Single-cell multi-omics analysis of human pancreatic islets reveals novel cellular states in type 1 diabetes
Authors: Maria Fasolino, Gregory W. Schwartz, Abhijeet R. Patil, Aanchal Mongia, Maria L. Golson, Yue J. Wang, Ashleigh Morgan, Chengyang Liu, Jonathan Schug, Jinping Liu, Minghui Wu, Daniel Traum, Ayano Kondo, Catherine L. May, Naomi Goldman, Wenliang Wang, Michael Feldman, Jason H. Moore, Alberto S. Japp, Michael R. Betts, Maria Fasolino, Gregory W. Schwartz, Abhijeet R. Patil, Aanchal Mongia, Maria L. Golson, Yue J. Wang, Ashleigh Morgan, Chengyang Liu, Jonathan Schug, Jinping Liu, Minghui Wu, Daniel Traum, Ayano Kondo, Catherine L. May, Naomi Goldman, Wenliang Wang, Michael Feldman, Jason H. Moore, Alberto S. Japp, Michael R. Betts, Robert B. Faryabi, Ali Naji, Klaus H. Kaestner, Golnaz Vahedi, Robert B. Faryabi, Ali Naji, Klaus H. Kaestner, Golnaz Vahedi
Journal: Nature Metabolism (2022)
Craving Answers
Authors: Daniel O’Meara, Lea Sheward, Sydney Hartman-Munick, Jessica Addison, Aya Abu-El-Haija
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2022)

A 17-year-old girl with a history of anxiety and anorexia nervosa presented with anxiety, malaise, lightheadedness, and palpitations. Two weeks earlier, she had entered an intensive outpatient nutritional rehabilitation program. She was found to have hypokalemia, hypophosphatemia, and hypomagnesemia.
Leveraging Automated Machine Learning to provide NAFLD screening diagnosis: Proposed machine learning models
Authors: Ali Haider Shah, Ali Haider Bangash, Arshiya Fatima, Saiqa Zehra, Syed Mohammad Mehmood Abbas, Syed Mohammad Qasim Shah, Muhammad Ashraf, Aliya Ali, Adil Baloch, Ayesha Khalid Khan, Hashir Fahim Khawaja, Noor Ayesha, Saleha Yurf Asghar, Tatheer Zahra
Journal: Metabolism (2022)
<i>Fusobacterium nucleatum</i> and cancer
Authors: Tamar Alon‐Maimon, Ofer Mandelboim, Gilad Bachrach
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2022)

Abstract Accumulating evidence demonstrates that the oral pathobiont Fusobacterium nucleatum is involved in the progression of an increasing number of tumors types. Thus far, the mechanisms underlying tumor exacerbation by F. nucleatum include the enhancement of proliferation, establishment of a tumor‐promoting immune environment, induction of chemoresistance, and the activation of immune checkpoints. This review focuses on the mechanisms that mediate tumor‐specific colonization by fusobacteria. Elucidating the mechanisms mediating fusobacterial tumor tropism and promotion might provide new insights for the development of novel approaches for tumor detection and treatment.
Transplantation Today
Authors: Robert McCabe
Journal: JAMA (1973)

As transplantation has graduated from the experimental to a widely performed and generally accepted clinical procedure for treating chronic uremia, it is not surprising to see an increasing number of textbooks related to the field.<i>Transplantation Today</i>, volume 2, however, is much more than an ordinary textbook. It is a carefully assembled review of all the proceedings—clinical, experimental, theoretical, immunologic—of the Fourth International Congress of the Transplantation Society, held in San Francisco in September 1972. The editors have assembled the latest clinical and experimental data available from the most prestigious investigators engaged world-wide in transplantation and tumor immunology. In an introductory chapter Sir Peter Medawar, with typical British clarity, has reconsidered tolerance. Jan Klein and Fritz Bach follow with concise chapters on histocompatibility loci. After other introductory sections on tumor immunology, cellular components of the immune system, and mediators of cellular immunity, Dr. Kountz brings us up to date on
From the Health Care Financing Administration
Authors: W. L. Roper
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Response to Comment on Sjöholm et al. Association of Bariatric Surgery With Cancer Incidence in Patients With Obesity and Diabetes: Long-term Results From the Swedish Obese Subjects Study. Diabetes Care 2022;45:444–450
Authors: Kajsa Sjöholm, Lena M.S. Carlsson, Markku Peltonen, Magdalena Taube
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)
Integration of chemokine signaling with non-coding RNAs in tumor microenvironment and heterogeneity in different cancers
Authors: Shweta Arora, Salman Khan, Almaz Zaki, Gulnaz Tabassum, Mohd Mohsin, Humaira Naaz Bhutto, Tanveer Ahmad, Tasneem Fatma, Mansoor Ali Syed
Journal: Seminars in Cancer Biology (2022)
TREATMENT OF SOME COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: O. Leyton
Journal: BMJ (1936)

This article is one of a seres ont the managemnent of some of the metabolic diseases met with in general practice.The first group of articles on Treatment in.General Practice, thirty-five in number, was republished in book form last March by H. K. Lewis & Co., anzd a seconid volume will appear in the autumnJi.
THE OFFICE OF CORONER
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Guidelines for bioinformatics of single-cell sequencing data analysis in Alzheimer’s disease: review, recommendation, implementation and application
Authors: Minghui Wang, Won-min Song, Chen Ming, Qian Wang, Xianxiao Zhou, Peng Xu, Azra Krek, Yonejung Yoon, Lap Ho, Miranda E. Orr, Guo-Cheng Yuan, Bin Zhang
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2022)

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, characterized by progressive cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration. Extensive clinical and genomic studies have revealed biomarkers, risk factors, pathways, and targets of AD in the past decade. However, the exact molecular basis of AD development and progression remains elusive. The emerging single-cell sequencing technology can potentially provide cell-level insights into the disease. Here we systematically review the state-of-the-art bioinformatics approaches to analyze single-cell sequencing data and their applications to AD in 14 major directions, including 1) quality control and normalization, 2) dimension reduction and feature extraction, 3) cell clustering analysis, 4) cell type inference and annotation, 5) differential expression, 6) trajectory inference, 7) copy number variation analysis, 8) integration of single-cell multi-omics, 9) epigenomic analysis, 10) gene network inference, 11) prioritization of cell subpopulations, 12) integrative analysis of human and mouse sc-RNA-seq data, 13) spatial transcriptomics, and 14) comparison of single cell AD mouse model studies and single cell human AD studies. We also address challenges in using human postmortem and mouse tissues and outline future developments in single cell sequencing data analysis. Importantly, we have implemented our recommended workflow for each major analytic direction and applied them to a large single nucleus RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) dataset in AD. Key analytic results are reported while the scripts and the data are shared with the research community through GitHub. In summary, this comprehensive review provides insights into various approaches to analyze single cell sequencing data and offers specific guidelines for study design and a variety of analytic directions. The review and the accompanied software tools will serve as a valuable resource for studying cellular and molecular mechanisms of AD, other diseases, or biological systems at the single cell level.
Molnupiravir’s authorisation was premature
Authors: James M Brophy
Journal: BMJ (2022)

On 1 October 2021 Merck issued a press release 1 reporting an interim analysis of Move-Out, a phase 3 randomised placebo controlled trial in unvaccinated adults with confirmed SARS-Co-V infection and mild-to-moderate symptoms outside hospital.The press release stated that molnupiravir, a nucleoside analogue that inhibits viral replication by mutagenesis, reduced risk of hospital admission or death by about 50% (P=0.0012) in the 29 days after infection.
Errors in Data and Units of Measure
Authors: Katherine Hill, Cary Gross, Dowin Boatright
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2020)

Chaomin Wu, MD; Xiaoyan Chen, MD; Yanping Cai, MD; Jia’an Xia, MD; Xing Zhou, MD; Sha Xu, MD; Hanping Huang, MD; Li Zhang, MD; Xia Zhou, MD; Chunling Du, MD; Yuye Zhang, BD; Juan Song, BD; Sijiao Wang, BD; Yencheng Chao, MD; Zeyong Yang, MD; Jie Xu, MD; Xin Zhou, MD; Dechang Chen, MD; Weining Xiong, MD; Lei Xu, MD; Feng Zhou, MD; Jinjun Jiang, MD; Chunxue Bai, MD; Junhua Zheng, MD; Yuanlin Song, MD
THE MISSION OF THE "MEDICAL RECORD."
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Association of COVID-19 Infection With Survival After In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Among US Adults
Authors: Saket Girotra, Maya L. Chan, Monique Anderson Starks, Matthew Churpek, Paul S. Chan
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

in Epidemiology (STROBE) reporting guideline.The study used data from the American Heart Association Get With the Guidelines-Resuscitation (GWTG-R) registry, which contains detailed information on patients who experience cardiac arrest at participating hospitals in the United States.Within the GWTG-R registry, we identified all adults (aged Ն18 years) who developed IHCA during March to December 2020.Race and ethnicity were self-reported by the study patients, and these data were collected in the GWTG-R registry to examine disparities in care and outcomes of IHCA patients.We constructed multivariable hierarchical regression models to compare survival to discharge and return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) for 20 minutes or more among patients with and without a suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection.These models included hospital site as a random intercept and patient variables and calendar month as fixed effects.We used a Poisson link to directly estimate rate ratios.Data are presented as relative risks (RRs) with 95% CIs.Details on the GWTG-R registry, study cohort, study variables, and statistical analyses are included in the eMethods in the Supplement.All statistical analysis was performed in SAS version 9.4 (SAS Institute). ResultsThis study included 24 915 patients with IHCA from 286 hospitals who had a mean (SD) age of 64.7 (15.2) years.There were 9848 women (39.5%) and 15 066 men (60.5%), with sex missing for 1 patient.In terms of race and ethnicity, 6170 patients (24.8%) were Black, 15 223 (61.1%) were White, 949 (3.8%) were of other race or ethnicity (American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian or Pacific Islander, and other races and ethnicities), and 2573 (10.3%) were of unkown race or ethnicity.A suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection was present in 5916 patients (23.7%).Patients with COVID-19 were younger, more frequently men and of Black race, and more likely to have an initial