tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Over-the-scope-clips versus standard treatment in high-risk patients with acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a randomised controlled trial (STING-2)
Authors: Benjamin Meier, Andreas Wannhoff, Ulrike Denzer, Petros Stathopoulos, Brigitte Schumacher, David Albers, Albrecht Hoffmeister, Jürgen Feisthammel, Benjamin Walter, Alexander Meining, Edris Wedi, Markus Zachäus, Tilman Pickartz, Armin Küllmer, Arthur Schmidt, Karel Caca
Journal: Gut (2022)

Acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB) is managed by standard endoscopic combination therapy, but a few cases remain difficult and carry a high risk of persistent or recurrent bleeding. The aim of our study was to compare first-line over-the-scope-clips (OTSC) therapy with standard endoscopic treatment in these selected patients.We conducted a prospective, randomised, controlled, multicentre study (NCT03331224). Patients with endoscopic evidence of acute NVUGIB and high risk of rebleeding (defined as complete Rockall Score ≥7) were included. Primary endpoint was clinical success defined as successful endoscopic haemostasis without evidence of recurrent bleeding.246 patients were screened and 100 patients were finally randomised (mean of 5 cases/centre and year; 70% male, 30% female, mean age 78 years; OTSC group n=48, standard group n=52). All but one case in the standard group were treated with conventional clips. Clinical success was 91.7% (n=44) in the OTSC group compared with 73.1% (n=38) in the ST group (p=0.019), with persistent bleeding occurring in 0 vs 6 in the OTSC versus standard group (p=0.027), all of the latter being successfully managed by rescue therapy with OTSC. Recurrent bleeding was observed in four patients (8.3%) in the OTSC group and in eight patients (15.4%) in the standard group (p=0.362).OTSC therapy appears to be superior to standard treatment with clips when used by trained physicians for selected cases of primary therapy of NVUGIB with high risk of rebleeding. Further studies are necessary with regards to patient selection to identify subgroups benefiting most from OTSC haemostasis.NCT03331224.
Tumor Heterogeneity Research and Innovation in Biologically Based Radiation Therapy From the National Cancer Institute Radiation Research Program Portfolio
Authors: Jeffrey C. Buchsbaum, Michael G. Espey, Ceferino Obcemea, Jacek Capala, Mansoor Ahmed, Pataje G. Prasanna, Bhadrasain Vikram, Julie A. Hong, Beverly Teicher, Molykutty J. Aryankalayil, Michelle A. Bylicky, C. Norman Coleman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)
TEMPORAL TRENDS AND GENDER DIFFERENCES IN THE UTILIZATION OF TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT IN PATIENTS WITH BICUSPID AORTIC STENOSIS
Authors: Akshay Machanahalli Balakrishna, Mahmoud Ismayl, Venkata Siva Kumar Pajjuru, Ryan Walters, Gaurav Aggarwal, Shiva Ponamgi, Aiman Miloud Smer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
USE OF ULTRASOUND TO SCREEN FOR VOCAL FOLD INJURY FOLLOWING NORWOOD OR ARCH RECONSTRUCTION: A QUALITY IMPROVEMENT INITIATIVE AT A SINGLE CENTER
Authors: Catherine Horner, Titus Chan, Caitlin Yip, Sanjay Parikh, Jennifer Fridgen, Kenneth Rudberg, Aarti Bhat, Jessica Colyer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
RAS activation induces synthetic lethality of MEK inhibition with mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Justine Decroocq, Rudy Birsen, Camille Montersino, Prasad Chaskar, Jordi Mano, Laury Poulain, Chloe Friedrich, Anne-Sophie Alary, Helene Guermouche, Ambrine Sahal, Guillemette Fouquet, Mathilde Gotanègre, Federico Simonetta, Sarah Mouche, Pierre Gestraud, Auriane Lescure, Elaine Del Nery, Claudie Bosc, Adrien Grenier, Fetta Mazed, Johanna Mondesir, Nicolas Chapuis, Liza Ho, Aicha Boughalem, Marc Lelorc’h, Camille Gobeaux, Michaela Fontenay, Christian Recher, Norbert Vey, Arnaud Guillé, Daniel Birnbaum, Olivier Hermine, Isabelle Radford-Weiss, Petros Tsantoulis, Yves Collette, Rémy Castellano, Jean-Emmanuel Sarry, Eric Pasmant, Didier Bouscary, Olivier Kosmider, Jerome Tamburini
Journal: Leukemia (2022)

Despite recent advances in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) molecular characterization and targeted therapies, a majority of AML cases still lack therapeutically actionable targets. In 127 AML cases with unmet therapeutic needs, as defined by the exclusion of ELN favorable cases and of FLT3-ITD mutations, we identified 51 (40%) cases with alterations in RAS pathway genes (RAS+, mostly NF1, NRAS, KRAS, and PTPN11 genes). In 79 homogeneously treated AML patients from this cohort, RAS+ status were associated with higher white blood cell count, higher LDH, and reduced survival. In AML models of oncogenic addiction to RAS-MEK signaling, the MEK inhibitor trametinib demonstrated antileukemic activity in vitro and in vivo. However, the efficacy of trametinib was heterogeneous in ex vivo cultures of primary RAS+ AML patient specimens. From repurposing drug screens in RAS-activated AML cells, we identified pyrvinium pamoate, an anti-helminthic agent efficiently inhibiting the growth of RAS+ primary AML cells ex vivo, preferentially in trametinib-resistant PTPN11- or KRAS-mutated samples. Metabolic and genetic complementarity between trametinib and pyrvinium pamoate translated into anti-AML synergy in vitro. Moreover, this combination inhibited the propagation of RA+ AML cells in vivo in mice, indicating a potential for future clinical development of this strategy in AML.
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is associated with glymphatic transport reduction and time-delayed solute drainage along the neck arteries
Authors: Xinan Chen, Xiaodan Liu, Sunil Koundal, Rena Elkin, Xiaoyue Zhu, Brittany Monte, Feng Xu, Feng Dai, Maysam Pedram, Hedok Lee, Jonathan Kipnis, Allen Tannenbaum, William E. Van Nostrand, Helene Benveniste
Journal: Nature Aging (2022)
Suicide Risk and Lithium—Reply
Authors: Ira R. Katz, Ryan E. Ferguson, Matthew H. Liang
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Risk and Outcome of Breakthrough COVID-19 Infections in Vaccinated Patients With Cancer: Real-World Evidence From the National COVID Cohort Collaborative
Authors: Qianqian Song, Benjamin Bates, Yu Raymond Shao, Fang-Chi Hsu, Feifan Liu, Vithal Madhira, Amit Kumar Mitra, Timothy Bergquist, Ramakanth Kavuluru, Xiaochun Li, Noha Sharafeldin, Jing Su, Umit Topaloglu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

To provide real-world evidence on risks and outcomes of breakthrough COVID-19 infections in vaccinated patients with cancer using the largest national cohort of COVID-19 cases and controls.
SEVERE RHEUMATIC MITRAL STENOSIS IS ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLINICAL LEFT AND RIGHT VENTRICLE DYSFUNCTION
Authors: Aslannif Roslan, Faten Aqilah Aris, Yee Sin Tey, Afif Ashari, Hui Beng Koh, Abdul Ariff, Tjen Jhung Lee, Wan Faizal Wan Rahimi Shah, Amin Ariff Nuruddin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Decompression Sickness and Arterial Gas Embolism
Authors: Simon J. Mitchell, Michael H. Bennett, Richard E. Moon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2022)

Decompression sickness and arterial gas embolism have nonspecific symptoms and are easily misdiagnosed if a recent patient history of diving and potential iatrogenic causes of AGE are not kept in mind. The authors review the pathophysiology, clinical features, and treatment of these disorders.
Neutrophil extracellular traps regulate ischemic stroke brain injury
Authors: Frederik Denorme, Irina Portier, John L. Rustad, Mark J. Cody, Claudia V. de Araujo, Chieko Hoki, Matthew D. Alexander, Ramesh Grandhi, Mitchell R. Dyer, Matthew D. Neal, Jennifer J. Majersik, Christian C. Yost, Robert A. Campbell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2022)

Ischemic stroke prompts a strong inflammatory response, which is associated with exacerbated outcomes. In this study, we investigated mechanistic regulators of neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in stroke and whether they contribute to stroke outcomes. NET-forming neutrophils were found throughout brain tissue of ischemic stroke patients, and elevated plasma NET biomarkers correlated with worse stroke outcomes. Additionally, we observed increased plasma and platelet surface-expressed high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in stroke patients. Mechanistically, platelets were identified as the critical source of HMGB1 that caused NETs in the acute phase of stroke. Depletion of platelets or platelet-specific knockout of HMGB1 significantly reduced plasma HMGB1 and NET levels after stroke, and greatly improved stroke outcomes. We subsequently investigated the therapeutic potential of neonatal NET-inhibitory factor (nNIF) in stroke. Mice treated with nNIF had smaller brain infarcts, improved long-term neurological and motor function, and enhanced survival after stroke. nNIF specifically blocked NET formation without affecting neutrophil recruitment after stroke. Importantly, nNIF also improved stroke outcomes in diabetic and aged mice and was still effective when given 1 hour after stroke onset. These results support a pathological role for NETs in ischemic stroke and warrant further investigation of nNIF for stroke therapy.
Alterations in auditory brain stem response distinguish occasional and constant tinnitus
Authors: Niklas K. Edvall, Golbarg Mehraei, Martin Claeson, Andra Lazar, Jan Bulla, Constanze Leineweber, Inger Uhlén, Barbara Canlon, Christopher R. Cederroth
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2022)

BACKGROUND. The heterogeneity of tinnitus is thought to underlie the lack of objective diagnostic measures.
TRANSCATHETER VERSUS SURGICAL MITRAL VALVE REPAIR IN PATIENTS WITH MITRAL REGURGITATION
Authors: Monil M. Majmundar, Ashish Kumar, Rajkumar Doshi, Harshvardhan Zala, Jose David Tafur Soto, Grant W. Reed, Rishi Puri, Samir R. Kapadia, Ankur Kalra
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Advances in the understanding of the <i>cofactor effect</i> in lipid transfer protein food allergy: From phenotype description to clinical management
Authors: Maria Ruano‐Zaragoza, Rocío Casas‐Saucedo, Cinthia Aracelis De la Cruz Martinez, Giovanna Araujo‐Sanchez, Sonia Gelis, Maria Fernanda González, Clara San Bartolomé, Mariona Pascal, Teodorikez Wilfox Jiménez‐Rodriguez, Purificación Gonzalez‐Delgado, Javier Fernandez‐Sanchez, Rosa Muñoz‐Cano, Joan Bartra
Journal: Allergy (2022)

Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Retinal Capillary Damage Is Already Evident in Patients With Hypertension and Prediabetes and Associated With HbA1c Levels in the Nondiabetic Range
Authors: Dennis Kannenkeril, Janis M. Nolde, Márcio Galindo Kiuchi, Revathy Carnagarin, Leslie Marisol Lugo-Gavidia, Justine Chan, Anu Joyson, Ancy Jose, Sandi Robinson, Vance B. Matthews, Lakshini Y. Herat, Omar Azzam, Shaun Frost, Markus P. Schlaich
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)

OBJECTIVE We analyzed whether any change in capillary density in the retinal circulation could be detected in patients with hypertension in the prediabetic stage. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a cross-sectional analysis, we assessed capillary density in the foveal (CDF) and parafoveal retinal areas using optical coherence tomography-angiography in 62 patients with hypertension and normal glucose metabolism and 40 patients with hypertension and prediabetes. RESULTS The CDF was lower in patients with prediabetes than in those with normal glucose metabolism. Moreover, we found a correlation between CDF and HbA1c and glucose levels for the entire cohort. In patients with HbA1c &amp;lt;6.5% (48 mmol/mol), CDF was lower in patients with HOMA for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) ≥2.5 than in patients with HOMA-IR &amp;lt;2.5. CONCLUSIONS Patients with hypertension and prediabetes display retinal capillary changes, and an association with markers of glucose metabolism exists, even within a nondiabetic HbA1c range.
Development of Tbet- and CD11c-expressing B cells in a viral infection requires T follicular helper cells outside of germinal centers
Authors: Wenzhi Song, Olivia Q. Antao, Emily Condiff, Gina M. Sanchez, Irene Chernova, Krzysztof Zembrzuski, Holly Steach, Kira Rubtsova, Davide Angeletti, Alexander Lemenze, Brian J. Laidlaw, Joe Craft, Jason S. Weinstein
Journal: Immunity (2022)
MANAGEMENT OF OBSTRUCTIVE AORTIC VALVE THROMBOSIS PRESENTING WITH CARDIOGENIC SHOCK USING MECHANICAL CIRCULATORY SUPPORT
Authors: Bader Aldeen Alhafez, Manish Patel, Sameer Gupta, Sowjanya Kapaganti, Mehmet Hakan Akay, Sriram S. Nathan, Biswajit Kar, Igor D. Gregoric
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
The role of inflammation in neurodegeneration: novel insights into the role of the immune system in C9orf72 HRE-mediated ALS/FTD
Authors: Pegah Masrori, Jimmy Beckers, Helena Gossye, Philip Van Damme
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2022)

Abstract Neuroinflammation is an important hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). An inflammatory reaction to neuronal injury is deemed vital for neuronal health and homeostasis. However, a continued activation of the inflammatory response can be detrimental to remaining neurons and aggravate the disease process. Apart from a disease modifying role, some evidence suggests that neuroinflammation may also contribute to the upstream cause of the disease. In this review, we will first focus on the role of neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 gene ( C9orf72 ) hexanucleotide repeat expansions (HRE)-mediated ALS/FTD (C9-ALS/FTD). Additionally, we will discuss evidence from ex vivo and in vivo studies and finally, we briefly summarize the trials and progress of anti-inflammatory therapies.
Epigenetic Activation of Plasmacytoid DCs Drives IFNAR-Dependent Therapeutic Differentiation of AML
Authors: Jessica M. Salmon, Izabela Todorovski, Kym L. Stanley, Claudia Bruedigam, Conor J. Kearney, Luciano G. Martelotto, Fernando Rossello, Timothy Semple, Gisela Mir Arnau, Magnus Zethoven, Michael Bots, Stefan Bjelosevic, Leonie A. Cluse, Peter J. Fraser, Veronique Litalien, Eva Vidacs, Kate McArthur, Antony Y. Matthews, Elise Gressier, Nicole A. de Weerd, Jens Lichte, Madison J. Kelly, Simon J. Hogg, Paul J. Hertzog, Lev M. Kats, Stephin J. Vervoort, Daniel D. De Carvalho, Stefanie Scheu, Sammy Bedoui, Benjamin T. Kile, Steven W. Lane, Andrew C. Perkins, Andrew H. Wei, Pilar M. Dominguez, Ricky W. Johnstone
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2022)

Pharmacologic inhibition of epigenetic enzymes can have therapeutic benefit against hematologic malignancies. In addition to affecting tumor cell growth and proliferation, these epigenetic agents may induce antitumor immunity. Here, we discovered a novel immunoregulatory mechanism through inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDAC). In models of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), leukemia cell differentiation and therapeutic benefit mediated by the HDAC inhibitor (HDACi) panobinostat required activation of the type I interferon (IFN) pathway. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) produced type I IFN after panobinostat treatment, through transcriptional activation of IFN genes concomitant with increased H3K27 acetylation at these loci. Depletion of pDCs abrogated panobinostat-mediated induction of type I IFN signaling in leukemia cells and impaired therapeutic efficacy, whereas combined treatment with panobinostat and IFNα improved outcomes in preclinical models. These discoveries offer a new therapeutic approach for AML and demonstrate that epigenetic rewiring of pDCs enhances antitumor immunity, opening the possibility of exploiting this approach for immunotherapies. We demonstrate that HDACis induce terminal differentiation of AML through epigenetic remodeling of pDCs, resulting in production of type I IFN that is important for the therapeutic effects of HDACis. The study demonstrates the important functional interplay between the immune system and leukemias in response to HDAC inhibition. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1397.
MACHINE LEARNING TO IMPROVE INTERSTAGE RISK PREDICTION FOLLOWING STAGE I SINGLE VENTRICLE PALLIATION
Authors: Sudeep Sunthankar, Juan Zhao, Wei-Qi Wei, Garick David Hill, David Parra, Karen Kohl, Allison McCoy, Natalie Margaret Jayaram, Justin Godown
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Neutralizing antibodies protect mice against Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus aerosol challenge
Authors: Natasha M. Kafai, Lauren E. Williamson, Elad Binshtein, Soila Sukupolvi-Petty, Christina L. Gardner, Jaclyn Liu, Samantha Mackin, Arthur S. Kim, Nurgun Kose, Robert H. Carnahan, Ana Jung, Lindsay Droit, Douglas S. Reed, Scott A. Handley, William B. Klimstra, James E. Crowe, Michael S. Diamond
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2022)

Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) remains a risk for epidemic emergence or use as an aerosolized bioweapon. To develop possible countermeasures, we isolated VEEV-specific neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from mice and a human immunized with attenuated VEEV strains. Functional assays and epitope mapping established that potently inhibitory anti-VEEV mAbs bind distinct antigenic sites in the A or B domains of the E2 glycoprotein and block multiple steps in the viral replication cycle including attachment, fusion, and egress. A 3.2-Å cryo-electron microscopy reconstruction of VEEV virus-like particles bound by a human Fab suggests that antibody engagement of the B domain may result in cross-linking of neighboring spikes to prevent conformational requirements for viral fusion. Prophylaxis or postexposure therapy with these mAbs protected mice against lethal aerosol challenge with VEEV. Our study defines functional and structural mechanisms of mAb protection and suggests that multiple antigenic determinants on VEEV can be targeted for vaccine or antibody-based therapeutic development.
Single-cell transcriptome profile of mouse skin undergoing antigen-driven allergic inflammation recapitulates findings in atopic dermatitis skin lesions
Authors: Juan Manuel Leyva-Castillo, Liang Sun, Shih-Ying Wu, Shira Rockowitz, Piotr Sliz, Raif S. Geha
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2022)
Base-edited cynomolgus monkeys mimic core symptoms of STXBP1 encephalopathy
Authors: Zongyang Lu, Siting He, Jian Jiang, Ling Zhuang, Yan Wang, Guang Yang, Xiaoyu Jiang, Yanhong Nie, Jiqiang Fu, Xiaotong Zhang, Yong Lu, Xinyan Bian, Hung-Chun Chang, Zhiqi Xiong, Xingxu Huang, Zhen Liu, Qiang Sun
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2022)

Presynaptic syntaxin binding protein 1 (STXBP1) is essential for neurotransmitter release. Heterozygous mutations in this protein cause STXBP1 encephalopathy (STXBP1-E), which is characterized by intellectual disabilities and epilepsies. Since nonhuman primates closely resemble humans, monkey models may advance studies on the pathogenesis and therapeutic treatments of STXBP1-E. We generated cynomolgus monkeys carrying STXBP1 (R292H) mutation through base editing of in vitro fertilized embryos to mimic a clinical condition. The newborn STXBP1-edited monkeys exhibited focal epilepsy, and the animal that survived beyond the first week postpartum presented typical EEG phenotypes. Biochemical analysis of brain biopsy samples showed reduced levels of STXBP1 (MUNC18-1) and SNARE complex proteins. Single-cell sequencing identified one specific cell cluster that may contribute to encephalopathy. Thus, our case report shows that base-edited STXBP1 mutant monkeys are a good animal model for STXBP1-E, and that a base-editing approach is useful for generating primate models of human genetic disorders.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in children with COVID-19 and PIMS-TS during the second and third wave
Authors: Matteo Di Nardo, Maria Elena De Piero, Aparna Hoskote, Jan Belohlavek, Roberto Lorusso, Matteo Di Nardo, Maria Elena De Piero, Jan Belohlavek, Roberto Lorusso, Aparna Hoskote, Timothy Thiruchelvam, Jon Lillie, Vanessa Stanley, Lorna StJohn, Antonio Amodeo, Joan Balcells, Sylvia Belda Hofheinz, Francisco Abecasis, Roberto Roncon-Albuquerque, Angela Amigoni, Mark Davidson, Annalisa Longobardo, Veronika Maraczi, Uri Pollak, Corrado Cecchetti, Alberto Villani, Lars Mikael Broman, Martin Kneyber, Alba Perz-Ortiz, Thomas Schaible
Journal: The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health (2022)
Quantification of within-patient Staphylococcus aureus phenotypic heterogeneity as a proxy for the presence of persisters across clinical presentations
Authors: Julian Bär, Mathilde Boumasmoud, Srikanth Mairpady Shambat, Clément Vulin, Markus Huemer, Tiziano A. Schweizer, Alejandro Gómez-Mejia, Nadia Eberhard, Yvonne Achermann, Patrick O. Zingg, Carlos A. Mestres, Silvio D. Brugger, Reto A. Schuepbach, Roger D. Kouyos, Barbara Hasse, Annelies S. Zinkernagel
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2022)

Difficult-to-treat infections caused by antibiotic-susceptible strains have been linked to the occurrence of persisters, a subpopulation of dormant bacteria that tolerate antibiotic exposure despite lacking genetic resistance. These persisters can be identified phenotypically by plating on nutrient agar because of their altered growth dynamics, resulting in colony-size heterogeneity. The occurrence of within-patient bacterial phenotypic heterogeneity in various infections and clinical determinants of persister formation remains unknown.We plated bacteria derived from 132 patient samples of difficult-to-treat infections directly on nutrient-rich agar and monitored colony growth by time-lapse imaging. We retained 36 Staphylococcus aureus monocultures for further analysis. We investigated clinical factors associated with increased colony growth-delay with regression analyses. We corroborated the clinical findings using in vitro grown static biofilms exposed to distinct antibiotics.The extent of phenotypic heterogeneity of patient-derived S. aureus varied substantially between patients (from no delay to a maximum of 57.6 hours). Increased heterogeneity coincided with increased median colony growth-delay. Multivariable regression showed that rifampicin treatment was significantly associated with increased median growth-delay (13.3 hours; 95% CI 7.13-19.6 hours; p < 0.001). S. aureus grown in biofilms and exposed to high concentrations of rifampicin or a combination of rifampicin with clindamycin or levofloxacin exhibited prolonged growth-delay (p < 0.05 for 11 of 12 comparisons), correlating with a strain-dependent increase in antibiotic tolerance.Colony-size heterogeneity upon direct sampling of difficult-to-treat S. aureus infections was frequently observed. Hence, future studies are needed to assess the potential benefit of phenotypic heterogeneity quantification for staphylococcal infection prognosis and treatment guidelines.