tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of varying electrode configuration with catheter-mediated defibrillator pulses at the coronary sinus orifice in dogs.
Authors: FColtorti, G HBardy, DReichenbach, H LGreene, RThomas, D GBreazeale, T DIvey
Journal: Circulation (1986)

We compared two methods of delivering single damped sine-wave defibrillator pulses to the coronary sinus orifice in 20 dogs. Ten dogs had  (coronary sinus to precordial disc) and 10 had  (coronary sinus proximal to coronary sinus distal electrode) discharges. Delivered voltage, current, and energy were recorded during each pulse. Electrophysiologic testing was done before and 4 weeks after the procedure. Histologic examination of the atrioventricular groove was done at 1 mm serial sections. For the unipolar configuration a 200 J defibrillator pulse resulted in a peak voltage of 3370 +/- 125 V, a peak current of 21 +/- 4 A, and a delivered energy of 253 +/- 29 J as compared with 3010 +/- 99 V, 70 +/- 4 A, and 144 +/- 18 J, respectively, for the bipolar configuration (p less than .001). Three dogs (two with bipolar, one with unipolar pulses) had gross coronary sinus rupture and died from acute pericardial tamponade. In addition, irrespective of electrode configuration, all dogs showed mic...
Oral clofilium produces sustained lowering of defibrillation energy requirements in a canine model.
Authors: PDorian, MWang, IDavid, CFeindel
Journal: Circulation (1991)

The effect of long-term oral administration of antiarrhythmic drugs on defibrillation energy requirements is not well understood. We examined the effect of clofilium, a drug that prolongs cardiac action potential duration without slowing cardiac conduction, on defibrillation energy requirements and ventricular effective refractory periods in a canine model during a 3-week period. Epicardial patch electrodes were implanted in 12 dogs, and baseline testing was conducted under fentanyl anesthesia on day 7. An oral clofilium (100 mg/day) regimen was started on day 8. Six clofilium-treated and six control dogs underwent repeated testing on days 14, 21, and 28 after surgery. Truncated trapezoidal shocks were given repeatedly at various stored energies in random order; delivered current and impedance were measured; and delivered energy was calculated. The energy and current for 50% success in defibrillation (E50 and I50, respectively) were determined. For control animals, E50 increased by a mean 34 +/- 78%, 60 +...
Left ventricular mechanics related to the local distribution of oxygen demand throughout the wall.
Authors: RBeyar, SSideman
Journal: Circulation Research (1986)

The complex interactions between left ventricular mechanics and the oxygen demand is studied by relating the left ventricular transmural oxygen demand to the myocardial structural and dynamic characteristics. The study utilizes a recent model of left ventricular contraction, which is based on a nested shell spheroidal geometry, a fan-like fibrous structure, the twisting motion of the left ventricle over its long axis, a transmural electrical activation propagation and the basic laws of sarcomere dynamics. The local axial stress (in the direction of the fibers) and the instantaneous sarcomere length are used to calculate the spatial distribution of the intramural oxygen demand per beat Vo2(y), where y is the distance from the endocardium. The normalized local sarcomere stress-length area SLAn(y) is related linearly to Vo2(y) by: Vo2(y) = K1 X SLAn(y) + K2, where K1 and K2 are constants. The calculations show a transmural metabolic gradient which is characterized by higher values of Vo2(y) in the endocard...
Diagnostic Cardiovascular Imaging and Therapeutic Strategies in Pregnancy
Authors: Natalie A Bello, C Noel Bairey Merz, Haywood Brown, Melinda B Davis, Neal W Dickert, Stephanie C El Hajj, Cindy Giullian, Odayme Quesada, Ki Park, Rupa M Sanghani, Leslee Shaw, Annabelle Santos Volgman, Nanette K Wenger, Dominique Williams, Carl J Pepine, Kathryn J Lindley
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Intracellular calcium handling in isolated ventricular myocytes from patients with terminal heart failure.
Authors: D JBeuckelmann, MNäbauer, EErdmann
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDExperiments were performed in human ventricular myocytes to investigate properties of excitation-contraction coupling in patients with terminal heart failure. Myocytes were isolated from left ventricular myocardium of patients with cardiac failure caused by dilated or ischemic cardiomyopathy undergoing transplantation. These results were compared with those obtained from cells of healthy donor hearts that for technical reasons were not suitable for transplantation.METHODS AND RESULTS[Ca2+]i transients and Ca2+ currents were recorded from isolated cells under voltage clamp perfused internally with the Ca2+ indicator fura 2. In cells that were stimulated externally, the cell-permeant form of the indicator, fura 2-AM, was used. When action potentials were to be recorded, cells were stimulated in current clamp mode. Unstimulated Ca2+ current densities were not significantly different in myopathic and control cells. In diseased myocytes, resting [Ca2+]i levels were 165 +/- 61 nmol/l, compared with 95...
Diagnostic Submucosal Dissection for Lesions Suspected Of Deep Invasion: Evaluation of the Profitability and risks of the First 43 Procedures
Authors: M Pioche, A Patenotte, J Rivory, T Wallenhorst, J Jacques
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Characterisation of colorectal neoplasia makes it possible to distinguish superficial invasive neoplasia (<1000 μm) with Kudo Vi and/or Sano 3a from deep invasive (>1000 μm) with Kudo Vn or Sano 3b patterns. Currently, it is not possible to distinguish deep submucosal invasion lesions, potentially treatable by ESD, from T2 cancers, for which ESD is impossible. Pending more refined optical criteria, diagnostic ESD was proposed [4] to obtain an accurate assessment of the histology to guide management. We report our experience with diagnostic ESD for lesions suspected of focal deep invasion.
Breast size and cancer
Authors: M. Reid
Journal: BMJ (1977)

The question of what makes a turnaround or corporate renewal effort successful is addressed in this article. Long-term comparisons of Ford and GM versus Toyota and Nissan, Apple versus Koss, FMC versus Danaher and ITW, Target and Wal-Mart versus Federated and J.C. Penney and others are examined with 19 years of performance graphics. Industry snapshots of select players in retail, autos, and manufacturing help make the key point: Executing significant change at the business unit and corporate level to maintain the proper balance between growth and profitability is one of the keys to survival and renewal regardless of industry. Maintaining this balance and creating wealth by outperforming the S&P500 Index over 10 or more years is very difficult. This article provides an insightful graphic review of relative corporate performance that should serve as a guide for corporate CEOs and directors in search of continuous renewal and value creation.
Combination Antifungal Therapy for Cryptococcal Meningitis
Authors: Angela Loyse, Tihana Bicanic, Joseph N Jarvis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

Combination Antifungal Therapy for Cryptococcal MeningitisTo the Editor: In the trial of combination therapy for cryptococcal meningitis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection, Day et al. (April 4 issue) 1 found a survival benefit associated with 2 weeks of therapy with amphotericin B and flucytosine as compared with amphotericin B monotherapy.The results of this trial reinforce the treatment combination as the standard per current guidelines. 2,3 In locations where amphotericin B therapy is not feasible, flucytosine is recommended in combination with fluconazole. 2-4However, the availability of flucytosine worldwide remains grossly inadequate.Flucytosine is currently unregistered and unavailable in most of Asia and Africa, where the disease burden is greatest. 5Even though flucytosine is a simple, orally administered, off-patent drug, only two manufacturers have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration: the originator company, Meda Pharmaceuticals, and the generic manufacturer, Sigmapharm Laboratories.The lack of data about disease burden, concerns regarding toxicity, and high drug costs due to a lack of competition have contributed to a market failure for flucytosine. 5Given the findings of Day et al., sustained efforts from governmental and international stakeholders are now required in order to urgently disseminate and implement World Health Organization (WHO) treatment guidelines, facilitate the registration of flucytosine, motivate generic-drug production, stimulate development of sustained-release formulations of flucytosine, and widen access to this drug.
Plasma triglycerides and three lipoprotein cholesterol fractions are independent predictors of the extent of coronary atherosclerosis.
Authors: HDrexel, F WAmann, JBeran, KRentsch, RCandinas, JMuntwyler, ALuethy, TGasser, FFollath
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDThe lipoprotein system has manifold links to atherosclerotic disease. LDL cholesterol is related to lesion formation and growth. The cholesterol of HDLs is indicative of protection against atherosclerosis. The status of triglycerides and of subfractions of high-density lipoproteins as risk factors is less certain. Also, the magnitude of the atherogenic/protective power of these factors is not known.METHODS AND RESULTSFive hundred patients (418 men and 82 women) were enrolled in an angiographic study. A total of 1006 coronary lesions with > or = 50% narrowing were recorded as study end points. By extent of atherosclerosis, defined as the number of > or = 50% lesions, the study subjects were allocated to one of four ordered categories with 0, 1 to 3, 4 to 6, or 7 to 10 lesions, respectively. Subfractions of HDL cholesterol were determined by a dual precipitation method. By a polychotomous logistic regression model, it was found that, besides age and sex, LDL cholesterol, HDL2 cholesterol, HDL3 cho...
Reprogramming enriches for somatic cell clones with small-scale mutations in cancer-associated genes
Authors: Maike Kosanke, Katarzyna Osetek, Alexandra Haase, Lutz Wiehlmann, Colin Davenport, Adrian Schwarzer, Felix Adams, Marc-Jens Kleppa, Axel Schambach, Sylvia Merkert, Stephanie Wunderlich, Sandra Menke, Marie Dorda, Ulrich Martin
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2021)

Cellular therapies based on induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) come out of age and an increasing number of clinical trials applying iPSC-based transplants are ongoing or in preparation. Recent studies, however, demonstrated a high number of small-scale mutations in iPSCs. Although the mutational load in iPSCs seems to be largely derived from their parental cells, it is still unknown whether reprogramming may enrich for individual mutations that could lead to loss of functionality and tumor formation from iPSC derivatives. 30 hiPSC lines were analyzed by whole exome sequencing. High accuracy amplicon sequencing showed that all analyzed small-scale variants pre-existed in their parental cells and that individual mutations present in small subpopulations of parental cells become enriched among hiPSC clones during reprogramming. Among those, putatively actionable driver mutations affect genes related to cell-cycle control, cell death, and pluripotency and may confer a selective advantage during reprogramming. Finally, a short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-based experimental approach was applied to provide additional evidence for the individual impact of such genes on the reprogramming efficiency. In conclusion, we show that enriched mutations in curated onco- and tumor suppressor genes may account for an increased tumor risk and impact the clinical value of patient-derived hiPSCs.
Relative effect of CO2 on canine coronary vascular resistance.
Authors: R BCase, AFelix, MWachter, GKyriakidis, FCastellana
Journal: Circulation Research (1978)

We determined the effect of alterations in coronary arterial PCO2 on coronary vascular resistance (CVR) at a constant coronary sinus (CS) PO2 and the effect of coronary arterial PO2 variation on CVR at a constant CS PCO2. A linear but opposing effect on CVR was found for both gases. The sensitivity of CVR to O2 change, represented as CVR/CS PO2, was approximately twice that of the ratio CVR/CS PCO2. (0.0852 +/- 0.006 vs. -0.0362 +/- 0.005). The entire range of CVR variation obtainable through CO2 variation was as great as that resulting from O2 variation. During randomized variation of O2 and CO2, CVR can be mathematically related in a multiple linear expression to CS PO2 and CS PCO2.
Endoscopic Ultrasound Accuracy in Gastric Cancer Staging After New Standard Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (Flot) in Comparison With Post Surgery Histology
Authors: G de Nucci, S della Torre, D Picascia, N Imperatore, ED Mandelli, C d’Urbano, F di Nuovo, A Larghi, R Bollina, G Manes
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the gastrointestinal tract. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy may be administered as a means of “downstaging” a locally advanced tumor prior to an attempt at curative resection. In particular, perioperative chemotherapy with FLOT improved overall survival in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma. The aim of the study was to evaluate the EUS accuracy of T and N staging of all types of respect of with surgical specimen after FLOT regimen.
Lactated Ringer’s Solution in Combination with Rectal Indomethacin for Prevention of Post-ERCP Pancreatitis: A Prospective Randomized, Double-Blinded, Controlled Trial
Authors: K Amalou, F Belghanem, A Bousseloub, I Ararem, D KEZOULA, MT MEDKOUR
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Prospective data have shown the benefit of rectal indomethacin (IND) for preventing post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP). Recents pilot studies demonstrated a lower incidence of PEP after an 8-hour lactated Ringer’s solution (LR) infusion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of IND with or without bolus LR in patients at high-risk for PEP.
Exercise-induced ST elevation in patients without myocardial infarction.
Authors: J CLonghurst, W LKraus
Journal: Circulation (1979)

A review of 6040 consecutive exercise tests yielded 106 patients without previous myocardial infarction (MI) who had exercise-induced ST elevation (greater than or equal to 0.5 mm in a 15-lead ECG system). In 46, ST elevation was correlated with left ventriculography and coronary angiography. Coronary artery disease (CAD) (greater than or equal to 70% narrowing) was detected in 40 of 46 patients: 12 patients had one-vessel disease, 13 had two-vessel disease, and 15 had three-vessel disease. Resting ventriculograms were normal in 36 of 40 patients. Of 21 patients with anterior (V1-V3) ST elevation, 86% had a left anterior descending (LAD) obstruction and 78% had obstruction proximal to the first diagonal branch. LAD disease occurred significantly more frequently than right and circumflex CAD. There was no anatomic correlation of three persons with lateral (leads V4--6, I or aVL) or 27 patients with inferior-posterior (leads II, III, aVF, Y or Z) exercise-induced ST elevation. Therefore, exercise-induced ST...
Cilia with Defective Radial Spokes
Authors: Jennifer M. Sturgess, Judy Chao, John Wong, Norman Aspin, J. A. Peter Turner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

We studied the fine structure of respiratory-tract cilia in three siblings with chronic respiratory disease, comparing them with those from a patient with Kartagener's syndrome who had dynein-deficient cilia and with control patients who had chronic bronchitis or chronic sinusitis. Electron microscopy of the siblings revealed a new abnormality in the ciliary axoneme--namely, lack of the radial spokes. Their cilia showed an eccentric central pair of tubules but otherwise had a normal central sheath, outer-doublet microtubules, nexin links and dynein arms. The cilia were immotile. Mucociliary clearance was completely lacking in the three siblings and in the patient with Kartagener's syndrome, but was normal in their parents and unaffected siblings. Sperm from the male sibling showed identical structural abnormalities and were immotile. We consider the radial spoke defect to be the congenital anomaly responsible for dysfunction of the mucociliary clearance mechanism in these three patients and of the immotile sperm in one of the them. This defect is apparently another cause of the "immotilecilia syndrome."
Effect of thrombin inhibition on the dynamics of thrombolysis and on platelet function during thrombolytic therapy.
Authors: M ARudd, DGeorge, M TJohnstone, R TMoore, LCollins, L ERabbani, JLoscalzo
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

To evaluate the effect of thrombin on the dynamics of thrombolysis, we infused rabbits with heparin or hirudin alone or in conjunction with tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and monitored the kinetics of fibrinolysis and changes in ex vivo platelet aggregation responses over time. Both heparin and hirudin enhanced total fibrinolysis in an ex vivo arteriovenous shunt preparation: 82 +/- 2% and 79 +/- 2%, respectively, compared with 51 +/- 8% for t-PA alone (P less than 0.05) and 50 +/- 4% for t-PA plus aspirin (p less than 0.05). Heparin coadministered with t-PA significantly reduced the half-time for clot lysis compared with t-PA alone (p less than 0.05), whereas hirudin coadministered with t-PA significantly reduced the half-time for clot lysis compared with that for t-PA alone, t-PA plus aspirin, and t-PA plus heparin (5.5 +/- 0.6 versus 12.1 +/- 2.0 versus 12.6 +/- 2.2 versus 10.0 +/- 0.8 minutes, respectively; p less than 0.05). Both heparin and hirudin prevented the increase in ADP-induced pla...
Endocardial pacing site affects left ventricular end-diastolic volume and performance in the intact anesthetized dog.
Authors: MGrover, S AGlantz
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

We investigated how pacing from different endocardial sites affects the left ventricular three-dimensional contraction pattern and performance in intact anesthetized dogs. We used data from the motion of radiopaque markers implanted in the left ventricular endocardium in an analysis based on the polar decomposition theorem to determine the left ventricle's three-dimensional principal directions and magnitudes of deformation, and its axis and angle of rotation during the cardiac cycle. This paper also derives a new procedure that permits statistical comparison of different left ventricular cavity deformation patterns. During normal sinus rhythm and pacing from the right atrium, left ventricular septum, left ventricular apex, and right ventricular apex, the principal directions of left ventricular deformation remained relatively fixed with respect to the left ventricle's anatomy, independent of heart rate and pacing site. These directions were oriented in septum-free wall, anterior-posterior, and apex-base ...
Independence of left ventricular pressure-volume ratio from preload in man early after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
Authors: G TDaughters, G CDerby, E LAlderman, ASchwarzkopf, C WMead, N BIngels, D CMiller
Journal: Circulation (1985)

The response of the maximum value of the left ventricular pressure-volume ratio to preload augmentation by blood or plasma expanders was studied in 11 patients during the first 24 hr after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Increasing the mean left atrial pressure from 10 to 15 and 20 mm Hg resulted in no change in the maximum pressure-volume ratio in the group as a whole. In certain individual patients, however, the maximum pressure-volume ratio changed with volume infusion, and these changes were accompanied by simultaneous changes in afterload. The observed changes in pressure-volume ratio were in the same direction as the changes in afterload (systolic pressure), suggesting a dependence of maximum pressure-volume ratio on afterload. These results show that the maximum pressure-volume ratio is independent of preload in the first 24 hr after coronary artery bypass graft surgery with the pericardium open; thus the maximum pressure-volume ratio is a useful index of postoperative left ventricular functi...
Effects of vascular runoff on myointimal hyperplasia after mechanical balloon or thermal laser arterial injury in dogs.
Authors: CHehrlein, C HChuang, J RTuntelder, G PTatsis, LLittmann, R HSvenson
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDClinical evidence suggests that poor vascular runoff reduces the long-term success rate of femoral angioplasty procedures. The purpose of this experimental study was to examine myointimal hyperplasia of dog femoral arteries after balloon denudation, thermal laser arterial injury, or sham operation in normal and reduced vascular runoff conditions.METHODS AND RESULTSBefore mechanical balloon injury or transluminal heated laser probe motion, the peripheral vascular runoff of dogs was reduced by ligating the femoral artery below its three distal side branches, decreasing the femoral flow rate from 114 +/- 9 to 52 +/- 5 ml/min (mean +/- SEM). Endothelial denudation with a predominantly intact elastic internal membrane and circumferential structural changes in the media were noted by light microscopy 1 hour after balloon injury. Focal completely necrotic lesions of intima and media were found 1 hour after thermal laser arterial injury. After 8 weeks, the maximal thickness of neointima plus media of th...
Coronary pressure-flow relations in hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy. Comparison of intact autoregulation with physiological and pharmacological vasodilation in the dog.
Authors: R WJeremy, P JFletcher, JThompson
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Coronary pressure-flow relations during autoregulated and vasodilated flow states were compared between eight dogs with renovascular hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy and 12 normal dogs. Each relation was constructed from serial steady-state measurements of end-diastolic coronary pressure and flow during perfusion of the circumflex artery by an extracorporeal circuit at controlled diastolic pressures of 20-200 mm Hg. Autoregulated pressure-flow relations were compared at three levels of myocardial oxygen demand: resting, high (dobutamine 10 micrograms/kg/min), and low (propranolol 2.5 micrograms/kg/min). Autoregulatory capacity was assessed by calculation of closed-loop flow gain. At each level of myocardial oxygen demand, the lower limit of autoregulation occurred at higher perfusion pressures in the hypertrophy group (rest 65 +/- 3, high 92 +/- 4, low 66 +/- 4 mm Hg) than in the normal group (rest 53 +/- 2, p less than 0.05; high 75 +/- 5, p less than 0.05; low 51 +/- 3 mm Hg) (p less than 0...
Long-term results after balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty.
Authors: B WMcCrindle, J SKan
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDThe objective of this study was to determine the long-term outcome of patients after percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (BPV) treatment of congenital pulmonary valve stenosis.METHODS AND RESULTSThis study represents a case series with duration (mean +/- SD) of follow-up of 4.6 +/- 1.9 years. Forty-six patients with a median age of 4.6 years (range, 3 months to 56 years) had BPV at one academic institution between June 1981 and December 1986. Mean peak systolic pressure gradients from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery were as follows: before BPV, 70 +/- 36 mm Hg; immediately after BPV, 23 +/- 14 mm Hg; at intermediate follow-up by cardiac catheterization or Doppler echocardiography at less than 2 years after BPV, 23 +/- 16 mm Hg (n = 33); and at long-term follow-up by Doppler at more than 2 years after BPV, 20 +/- 13 mm Hg (n = 42). BPV acutely reduced the gradient to less than 36 mm Hg for 41 of 46 (89%) patients. Available gradients at long-term follow-up were less than 36 m...