tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Societies.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Public Opinion About Public Health—California and the United States, 1996
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Despite widespread belief that public support is critical to the success of public health programs and agencies, systematic efforts to measure public opinion about public health have been limited. This report summarizes surveys conducted by two organizations-one a public policy center in California, the other a national opinion polling firm-to measure support for public health activities. The findings indicate widespread support for community-oriented disease-prevention and health-promotion activities.
Understanding extended duration of therapy (DOT) among patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (mPDAC) treated with liposomal irinotecan-based regimens.
Authors: Cheryl Mokrzecky, Paul Cockrum, Andy Surinach, Carlos Roberto Becerra
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

579 Background: Few analyses have identified characteristics associated with extended DOT (eDOT) among a large group of patients (pts) treated with liposomal irinotecan. This study examines the characteristics associated with eDOT among pts with mPDAC treated with liposomal irinotecan in a real-world setting. Methods: This retrospective observational study utilized the Flatiron Health EHR database from over 280 cancer clinics in the US. Data were analyzed for adult pts with mPDAC treated with liposomal irinotecan-based regimens between January 2016 and October 2020. eDOT was defined as a DOT &gt; 2 standard deviations (SD) above the mean. Demographic and clinical characteristics evaluated included age, sex, stage at diagnosis, ECOG performance score (PS), and the number of prior lines of therapy at the time of treatment initiation. Dose delays and dose reductions during treatment were assessed. Additionally, changes in lymphocyte counts during treatment were described. Chi-squared test and Fisher’s exact test were used to test for significance for categorical variables and the t-test was used for continuous variables. Results: 675 pts with mPDAC treated with a liposomal irinotecan-based regimen were included. The overall mean DOT was 14.6 weeks (SD: 22.1). There were 30 pts (4.4%) that met the definition for eDOT. Patient sex and median age at treatment initiation were similar between those with eDOT and non-eDOT: male, 46.7% vs. 51.9% (p = 0.582); age, median 70 years vs 69 years (p = 0.923), respectively. A higher proportion of pts with eDOT had ECOG PS of 0-1 compared to those with non-eDOT, 73.3% vs 57.7%, respectively (p = 0.397). At treatment initiation 80.0% of pts who had eDOT had a serum albumin level of ≥ 35g/L versus 55.2% of pts with non-eDOT (p = 0.013). On average, those with eDOT experienced a 55.1% reduction in lymphocyte count (baseline to nadir) during treatment compared to a 34.7% reduction among pts with non-eDOT (p &lt; 0.0001). Pts who experienced eDOT were more likely to be treated in earlier lines of therapy than those with non-eDOT: 33.3% vs 14.1% received 0 prior lines and 46.7% vs 47.3% received 1 prior line, respectively (p = 0.008). 53.3% of pts with eDOT experienced a dose reduction (of at least 7mg/m 2 ) compared to 24.7% pts with non-eDOT (p = 0.0005). All pts with eDOT experienced a dose delay of &gt; 16 days during treatment versus 45.3% of pts with non-eDOT (p &lt; 0.0001). Conclusions: This real-world study identified pts treated earlier in their disease course with a liposomal irinotecan-based regimen and normal baseline serum albumin were more likely experience extended DOT. Treatment modifications and delays appear to have enabled longer treatment duration with liposomal irinotecan-based regimens. Further prospective studies should be considered to characterize factors that may predict extended DOT.
COVID-19 in Africa: a lesson in solidarity
Authors: None The Lancet
Journal: The Lancet (2021)

Many countries in Africa face a serious third wave of COVID-19 that is both larger and more burdensome on health systems than previous waves. This predictable turn of events has been driven by a morally reprehensible lack of vaccine equity (<1% of the population are fully vaccinated), leaving the continent vulnerable to new and more transmissible variants of the virus, behavioural and economic pandemic fatigue, and complacency. A lack of diagnostic capacity in some countries means the epidemiology of this current wave is uncertain, but South Africa, Namibia, and Zambia are reporting the highest numbers of new cases.
This Month's Highlights
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2021)

### Inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 with a Soluble ACE2 Variant Use of a soluble angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) protein has been proposed as a way to inhibit binding of the S spike of SARS-CoV-2 to the full-length membrane-bound ACE2 receptor. Wysocki et al. developed a newly bioengineered soluble
Abstract 93: The Radiation Mitigator MMS350 Prevents Bradyarrhythmias in Irradiated Mice
Authors: Gina M Morgan, William J Kutschke, Daniel S Matasic, Michael W Epperly, Joel S Greenberger, Amanda L Kalen, Timothy J Waldron, Joshua D Schoenfield, Michael L McCormick, Jin-Young Yoon, Peter Wipf, Douglas R Spitz, Barry London
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

Introduction: Radiation exposure is a health hazard and the potential exposure from healthcare and other anthropogenic sources necessitates radioprotective therapy. MMS350, a water soluble oxetanyl sulfoxide, is a radiation mitigator which has protective effects on pulmonary and bone marrow cells following irradiation. We have previously shown that radiation exposure causes cardiac conduction damage including bradyarrhythmia and atrioventricular (AV) block in mice. This study investigates whether MMS350 protects against cardiac conduction damage in C57Bl/6 mice following radiation exposure. Methods: Mice were treated with MMS350 (400 μM) in drinking water ad libitum for 14 days prior to and for 30 days following irradiation, and were injected with MMS350 (20 mg/kg IV) 30 minutes prior to irradiation. Control (n=12) and MMS350-dosed (n=8) mice were total body irradiated (TBI) using a Pantak HF-320 Orthovoltage X-ray machine for a total dose of 6 Gy (1.38 Gy/min). Four-lead ECGs were performed on anesthetized mice at baseline and at day 30; PR, QRS, and QTc (QT normalized to heart rate) intervals were analyzed. Results: TBI control mice had PR (51.2 ± 5.8 vs. 43.4 ± 2.6 ms, P=0.003) and QRS (13.7 ± 0.2 vs. 13.0 ± 0.6 ms, P=0.02) interval prolongation at 30 days compared to baseline, while QTc trended towards a significant lengthening (88.4 ± 6.8 vs. 80.1 ± 10.4 ms, P=0.06). TBI MMS350 mice had no significant PR (46.2 ± 7.8 vs. 42.9 ± 5.1 ms, P=0.41) or QRS (14.0 ± 2.4 vs. 13.7 ± 0.8 ms, P=0.71) interval prolongation at 30 days compared to baseline, while QTc trended towards a significant lengthening (86.1 ± 7.9 vs. 73.0 ± 15.2 ms, P=0.05). New prolonged pauses and/or AV block occurred by day 30 post-irradiation in a third of TBI control mice but not in TBI MMS350 mice. Additionally, compared to baseline, day 6 post- irradiation TBI-only mice lost weight (males: 25.0 ± 1.8 to 24.2 ± 1.6g, P=0.004; females: 21.2 ± 1.0 to 19.2 ± 1.3g, P=0.01) while MMS350-dosed mice did not (males: 25.4 ± 1.7 to 27.8 ± 0.5g, P=0.12); females: 19.3 ± 0.2 to 21.0 ± 1.2g, P=0.08). Conclusion: Our results suggest that MMS350 protects irradiated mice from bradyarrhythmias, cardiac conduction damage, and radiation-associated weight loss. These findings lend further support to MMS350 as a radiation mitigator.
TCTAP A-121 Transradial Versus Transfemoral Intervention in ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Drug-eluting Stents
Authors: Seung-Woon Rha, Byoung Geol Choi, Dong Joo Oh, Myung Ho Jeong, Sang Sik Jung, Moo Hyun Kim, Hyoung-Mo Yang, Junghan Yoon, Keum Soo Park, Kyoo Rok Han, Byung Ryul Cho, Kwang Soo Cha, Byung Ok Kim, Min Soo Hyun, Won Yong Shin, Hyunmin Choe, Jang-Whan Bae, Hee Yeol Kim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Prevalence of C-reactive protein in unstable versus stable angina atheroma: Correlation with persistency of chlamydia pneumoniae Gerhard Bauriedel, Ren� Andri�, Dirk Skowasch, Peter Braun, Karl W. Heinrich, Berndt L�deritz. Department of Cardiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, Heart Center Duisburg, Duisburg, Germany
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
Authors: Nestor Gahungu, Robert Trueick, Martin Coopes, Eli Gabbay
Journal: BMJ (2021)

### What you need to know A 75 year old man with a history of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, obesity, gout, and stage 2 chronic kidney disease presents to the emergency department with sudden onset of diplopia, left sided hemiparesis, hemisensory loss, dysarthria, and ataxic gait. He reports a 12 month history of intermittent palpitations associated with fatigue, but previous investigations with 12 lead electrocardiograms (ECGs) and 24 hour Holter monitors have been normal. On arrival at the emergency department, he has an ECG which shows he is in sinus rhythm. Magnetic resonance imaging of his brain shows multifocal emboli involving the right middle cerebral artery territory, midbrain, and the cerebellum. Bilateral carotid doppler ultrasound shows no haemodynamically significant carotid stenoses. A review of his inpatient telemetry reveals several episodes of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, and he is given apixaban for anticoagulation before he is discharged to a rehabilitation unit. Atrial fibrillation is the most commonly encountered cardiac arrhythmia in clinical practice (box 1).7 Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) is intermittent episodes of atrial fibrillation that terminate within seven days either spontaneously or with intervention.8 This excludes atrial fibrillation that is triggered by transient causes such as sepsis, cardiac surgery, pulmonary embolism, pericarditis, or other reversible causes. Box 1 ### How common is atrial fibrillation?RETURN TO TEXT
TCT-190 Virtual 5-French Intra-Aortic Pumping using a Glidesheath Slender and 6-French Intra-aortic Balloon Catheter
Authors: Akihiko Takahashi, Sho Hashimoto, Norimasa Taniguchi, Shunsuke Nakajima, Takeshi Yamada, Yukio MIzuguchi, Tetsuya Hata
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
EFFECTS OF PHOSPHODIESTERASE TYPE 5 INHIBITION ON SYSTEMIC AND PULMONARY HEMODYNAMICS AND VENTRICULAR FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE AORTIC STENOSIS
Authors: Brian Lindman, Alan Zajarias, Jose A. Madrazo, Jay Shah, Brian F. Gage, Eric Novak, Stephanie N. Johnson, Murali M. Chakinala, Tara A. Hohn, Mohammed Saghir, Douglas Mann
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Ventilatory Drive Withdrawal Rather Than Reduced Genioglossus Compensation as a Mechanism of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in REM Sleep
Authors: Ludovico Messineo, Danny J. Eckert, Luigi Taranto-Montemurro, Daniel Vena, Ali Azarbarzin, Lauren B. Hess, Nicole Calianese, David P. White, Andrew Wellman, Laura Gell, Scott A. Sands
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2021)

Rationale: REM sleep is associated with reduced ventilation and greater obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity than non-REM (nREM) sleep for reasons that have not been fully elucidated. Objectives: Here, we use direct physiological measurements to determine whether the pharyngeal compromise in REM sleep OSA is most consistent with 1) withdrawal of neural ventilatory drive or 2) deficits in pharyngeal pathophysiology per se (i.e., increased collapsibility and decreased muscle responsiveness). Methods: Sixty-three participants with OSA completed sleep studies with gold standard measurements of ventilatory “drive” (calibrated intraesophageal diaphragm EMG), ventilation (oronasal “ventilation”), and genioglossus EMG activity. Drive withdrawal was assessed by examining these measurements at nadir drive (first decile of drive within a stage). Pharyngeal physiology was assessed by examining collapsibility (lowered ventilation at eupneic drive) and responsiveness (ventilation–drive slope). Mixed-model analysis compared REM sleep with nREM sleep; sensitivity analysis examined phasic REM sleep. Measurements and Main Results: REM sleep (⩾10 min) was obtained in 25 patients. Compared with drive in nREM sleep, drive in REM sleep dipped to markedly lower nadir values (first decile, estimate [95% confidence interval], −21.8% [−31.2% to −12.4%] of eupnea; P < 0.0001), with an accompanying reduction in ventilation (−25.8% [−31.8% to −19.8%] of eupnea; P < 0.0001). However, there was no effect of REM sleep on collapsibility (ventilation at eupneic drive), baseline genioglossus EMG activity, or responsiveness. REM sleep was associated with increased OSA severity (+10.1 [1.8 to 19.8] events/h), but this association was not present after adjusting for nadir drive (+4.3 [−4.2 to 14.6] events/h). Drive withdrawal was exacerbated in phasic REM sleep. Conclusions: In patients with OSA, the pharyngeal compromise characteristic of REM sleep appears to be predominantly explained by ventilatory drive withdrawal rather than by preferential decrements in muscle activity or responsiveness. Preventing drive withdrawal may be the leading target for REM sleep OSA.
S. A. Tissot (1728-1797) Layman's Guide to Health
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Making cancer care accessible: The practicality and value of a virtual gastrointestinal tumor board (VTB).
Authors: Mohit Shiv Agarwal, John R Ogden, Lauren Chiec, Erin Shonkwiler, Michael Chaby, Naomi Dempsey, Michael J. Pishvaian, Samuel J Klempner, Al Bowen Benson, Christopher Hanyoung Lieu, Mohammad Jahanzeb
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

652 Background: Patients with cancer benefit from coordination with multiple subspecialties, often facilitated by discussion at a multidisciplinary tumor board. This enables collaboration on individualized patient plans and offers an opportunity for education. Regrettably, not all physicians have access to a multidisciplinary team, particularly those practicing outside of an academic setting or in underserved areas. Additionally, patients may want a second opinion but are limited by resources to travel to an academic center. A virtual tumor board could be a solution for these patients and physicians. Methods: Expert gastrointestinal (GI) oncology faculty in the US gathered via a virtual tumor board panel to discuss complex cases submitted by oncology providers and trainees. Panels consisted of a moderator and GI specialists from radiology, medical, surgical, and radiation oncology. The purposes of these panels were to test the feasibility of a virtual tumor board, provide expert opinions on complex cases, and create educational content. The panel’s recommendations were shared with the submitting providers within 48 hours and the recordings made available. Afterward, submitting physicians were surveyed to assess their satisfaction with the panel’s discussion and recommendations. Results: From March to June 2021, 4 GI virtual panels were conducted with 5 expert faculty discussing 44 patient scenarios from 14 providers; 12 providers (86%) submitted multiple cases. Surveys were sent to providers with a 50% response rate. Conclusions: Virtual tumor boards are feasible and lead to a high degree of satisfaction among the users. In this small cohort of responders, management of patients changed based on the panel’s recommendations, there was a perception that learning was improved, and the providers’ internal tumor boards’ recommendations were mostly included in the VTB discussion and expanded upon. Respondents felt that the service improved the care of patients and that they would submit future cases to this forum. Additional data from a larger cohort will be more helpful in understanding the impact of this endeavor.[Table: see text]
PRACTICAL NOTES.
Journal: JAMA (1890)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Correction
Authors: Adrian Reuben
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

Perceptive devotees of "Landmarks in Hepatology" may have been puzzled by the reference to the author's address in the opening paragraph that dealt the art versus the science of medicine, in the January 2004 article "Never Say Dye." The author wishes to reassure readers that although he appreciates the artistic aspect of medicine, he still does his work in the Clinical Science Building of the Medical University of South Carolina (which the publisher inadvertently omitted from the address) and not a Medical Arts Building somewhere, as might be supposed.
Right Ventricular Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Jeffrey M. Isner
Journal: JAMA (1988)

THE CLASSIC morphological features of right ventricular myocardial infarction (RVMI) are illustrated in Fig 1. Necropsy observations<sup>1</sup>have established that RVMI is principally a complication of myocardial infarction involving the posterior ("inferior") free wall of the left ventricle. Moreover, transmural infarction of the posterior ventricular septum is an additional prerequisite for RVMI. The extent of right ventricular free-wall involvement forms the basis for anatomic classification of RVMI (Fig 2).<sup>1,2</sup>Most cases of RVMI examined at necropsy are limited to the posterior right ventricular free wall. Analysis of RVMI by anatomic grades has disclosed that extensive RVMI is not required to express disturbed hemodynamics.<sup>1,2</sup>When profound hemodynamic alterations are observed in association with an anatomically small RVMI, eg, grade I, the discrepancy may be due to temporary "stunning" of the adjacent, noninfarcted portion of the right ventricular free wall (Fig 3). Thus, clinically "dominant" RVMI<sup>3</sup>does not
Endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy versus laparoscopic appendectomy for uncomplicated acute appendicitis
Authors: Baohong Yang, Lingjian Kong, Saif Ullah, Lixia Zhao, Dan Liu, Deliang Li, Xuezhong Shi, Xiaocan Jia, Paras Dalal, Bingrong Liu
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

Background Endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy (ERAT) is a new and minimally invasive technique for the treatment of acute appendicitis. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and clinical outcomes of ERAT versus laparoscopic appendectomy for patients with uncomplicated acute appendicitis. Methods We adopted propensity score matching (1:1) to compare ERAT and laparoscopic appendectomy in patients with uncomplicated acute appendicitis between April 2017 and March 2020. We reviewed 2880 patients with suspected acute appendicitis, of whom 422 patients with uncomplicated acute appendicitis met the matching criteria (ERAT 79; laparoscopic appendectomy 343), yielding 78 pairs of patients. Results The rate of curative treatment within 1 year after ERAT was 92.1 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 83.8 % to 96.3 %). The percentage of patients recording visual analog scale values of ≤ 3 for pain at 6 hours after treatment was 94.7 % (95 %CI 87.2 % to 97.9 %) in the ERAT group, which was significantly higher than that in the laparoscopic appendectomy group (83.3 %; 95 %CI 73.5 % to 90.0 %). Median procedure time and median hospital length of stay were significantly lower in the ERAT group compared with the laparoscopic appendectomy group. At 1 year, the median recurrence time was 50 days (interquartile range 25–127) in the ERAT group. The overall adverse event rate was 24.4 % (95 %CI 14.8 % to 33.9 %) in the laparoscopic appendectomy group and 18.4 % (95 %CI 9.7 % to 27.1 %) in the ERAT group, with no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion ERAT was a technically feasible method of treating uncomplicated acute appendicitis compared with laparoscopic appendectomy.