tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a Case Series of Patients With Generalized Pustular Psoriasis in the United States
Authors: Megan H. Noe, Marilyn T. Wan, Arash Mostaghimi, Joel M. Gelfand, Ritesh Agnihothri, April W. Armstrong, Tina Bhutani, Alina Bridges, Nicholas Brownstone, Melissa Butt, Kristina P. Callis Duffin, Christian Carr, Andrew Creadore, Katherine L. DeNiro, Sheena Desai, Arturo R. Dominguez, Emily K. Duffy, Janet A. Fairley, Alisa Femia, Johann E. Gudjonsson, Jessica A. Kaffenberger, Kimberly L. Katz, Stephanie T. Le, Edgar Martinez, Emanual Maverakis, Bridget Myers, Haley B. Naik, Caroline A. Nelson, Alex G. Ortega-Loayza, Molly E. Plovanich, Lauren K. Rangel, Vignesh Ravi, Vidhatha D. Reddy, Jamal Z. Saleh, Joslyn S. Kirby, Jeena K. Sandhu, Hadir Shakshouk, Bridget E. Shields, Zakariyah Sharif-Sidi, Jacob Smith, Amanda Steahr, Atrin Toussi, Karolyn A. Wanat, Bo Wang, Brian M. Wei, Annika Weinhammer, Scott D. Worswick, Alexander Yang
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2021)

Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a chronic, orphan disease with limited epidemiological data.
Quantitative conservation geography
Authors: Enrico Di Minin, Ricardo A. Correia, Tuuli Toivonen
Journal: Trends in Ecology & Evolution (2021)

The authors have made changes to the text in response to community feedback, including clarifying the focus and scope of the article. The title has also been changed to reflect these changes. Quantitative conservation geographyDi Minin et al.Trends in Ecology & EvolutionSeptember 13, 2021In BriefOngoing biodiversity loss represents the erosion of intrinsic value of living nature, reduces the contributions nature provides to people, and undermines efforts to move towards sustainability. We propose the recognition of quantitative conservation geography as a subfield of conservation science that studies where, when, and what conservation actions could be implemented in order to mitigate threats and promote sustainable people–nature interactions. We outline relevant methods and data needed in quantitative conservation geography. Full-Text PDF Open Access
Oral Lichenoid Lesions Associated With Mediastinal Mass and Hypogammaglobulinemia in a Middle-aged Man
Authors: Mar Luque-Luna, Francesc Alamon-Reig, Pilar Iranzo
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Clinical outcomes from the Assessing Donor-derived cell-free DNA Monitoring Insights of kidney Allografts with Longitudinal surveillance (ADMIRAL) study
Authors: Lihong Bu, Gaurav Gupta, Akshta Pai, Sanjiv Anand, Erik Stites, Irfan Moinuddin, Victor Bowers, Pranjal Jain, David A. Axelrod, Matthew R. Weir, Theresa K. Wolf-Doty, Jijiao Zeng, Wenlan Tian, Kunbin Qu, Robert Woodward, Sham Dholakia, Aleskandra De Golovine, Jonathan S. Bromberg, Haris Murad, Tarek Alhamad
Journal: Kidney International (2021)

The use of routine monitoring of donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) after kidney transplant may allow clinicians to identify subclinical allograft injury and intervene prior to development of clinically evident graft injury. To evaluate this, data from 1092 kidney transplant recipients monitored for dd-cfDNA over a three-year period was analyzed to assess the association of dd-cfDNA with histologic evidence of allograft rejection. Elevation of dd-cfDNA (0.5% or more) was significantly correlated with clinical and subclinical allograft rejection. dd-cfDNA values of 0.5% or more were associated with a nearly three-fold increase in risk development of de novo donor-specific antibodies (hazard ratio 2.71) and were determined to be elevated a median of 91 days (interquartile range of 30-125 days) ahead of donor specific antibody identification. Persistently elevated dd-cfDNA (more than one result above the 0.5% threshold) predicted over a 25% decline in the estimated glomerular filtration rate over three years (hazard ratio 1.97). Therefore, routine monitoring of dd-cfDNA allowed early identification of clinically important graft injury. Biomarker monitoring complemented histology and traditional laboratory surveillance strategies as a prognostic marker and risk-stratification tool post-transplant. Thus, persistently low dd-cfDNA levels may accurately identify allograft quiescence or absence of injury, paving the way for personalization of immunosuppression trials.
Peptide ligand-SiO2 microspheres with specific affinity for phosphatidylserine as a new strategy to isolate exosomes and application in proteomics to differentiate hepatic cancer
Authors: Kaige Yang, Mengqi Jia, Soumia Cheddah, Zhouyi Zhang, Weiwei Wang, Xinyan Li, Yan Wang, Chao Yan
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)

Exosomes are membrane bound extracellular vesicles that play an important role in many biological processes. While they have great application value, exosome isolation is still considered a major scientific challenge. In the present study, a novel separation strategy for exosomes is proposed based on the specific interaction between immobilized peptide ligands and phosphatidylserine moieties which are highly abundant on the surface of exosomes. With the new affinity method, intact model exosomes can be recovered with a high yield in a short processing time. The purity of exosome samples enriched from serum by the affinity method is far higher than that isolated by ultrafiltration, and similar to that obtained by density gradient centrifugation and ultracentrifugation. Moreover, the variety of contaminants co-isolated by the affinity method is relatively low due to its specific separation principle. Proteomics analysis of exosomes isolated by the affinity method from the serum of healthy, hepatocellular carcinoma patients, and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients was performed to prove the applicability of this method. In conclusion, our novel strategy shows characteristics of easy preparation, high specificity, and cost-effectiveness, and provides a promising approach for exosome isolation which should have wide applications.
Determinants of Incident Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Events Among Those With Absent Coronary Artery Calcium: Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Mahmoud Al Rifai, Michael J. Blaha, Vijay Nambi, Steven J.C. Shea, Erin D. Michos, Roger S. Blumenthal, Christie M. Ballantyne, Moyses Szklo, Philip Greenland, Michael D. Miedema, Khurram Nasir, Jerome I. Rotter, Xiuqing Guo, Jie Yao, Wendy S. Post, Salim S. Virani
Journal: Circulation (2021)

The 2018 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology/Multisociety cholesterol guideline states that statin therapy may be withheld or delayed among intermediate-risk individuals in the absence of coronary artery calcium (CAC=0). We evaluated whether traditional cardiovascular risk factors are associated with incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events among individuals with CAC=0 over long-term follow-up. We included participants with CAC=0 at baseline from the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis), a prospective cohort study of individuals free of clinical ASCVD at baseline. We used multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models to study the association between cardiovascular risk factors (cigarette smoking, diabetes, hypertension, preventive medication use [aspirin and statin], family history of premature ASCVD, chronic kidney disease, waist circumference, lipid and inflammatory markers) and adjudicated incident ASCVD outcomes. We studied 3416 individuals (mean [SD] age 58 [9] years; 63% were female, 33% White, 31% Black, 12% Chinese American, and 24% Hispanic). Over a median follow-up of 16 years, there were 189 ASCVD events (composite of coronary heart disease and stroke) of which 91 were coronary heart disease, 88 were stroke, and 10 were both coronary heart disease and stroke events. The unadjusted event rates of ASCVD were ≤5 per 1000 person-years among individuals with CAC=0 for most risk factors with the exception of current cigarette smoking (7.3), diabetes (8.9), hypertension (5.4), and chronic kidney disease (6.8). After multivariable adjustment, risk factors that were significantly associated with ASCVD included current cigarette smoking: hazard ratio, 2.12 (95% CI, 1.32-3.42); diabetes: hazard ratio, 1.68 (95% CI, 1.01-2.80); and hypertension: hazard ratio, 1.57 (95% CI, 1.06-2.33). Current cigarette smoking, diabetes, and hypertension are independently associated with incident ASCVD over a 16-year follow-up among those with CAC=0.
Cancer cell heterogeneity and plasticity: A paradigm shift in glioblastoma
Authors: Yahaya A Yabo, Simone P Niclou, Anna Golebiewska
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2021)

Phenotypic plasticity has emerged as a major contributor to intra-tumoral heterogeneity and treatment resistance in cancer. Increasing evidence shows that glioblastoma (GBM) cells display prominent intrinsic plasticity and reversibly adapt to dynamic microenvironmental conditions. Limited genetic evolution at recurrence further suggests that resistance mechanisms also largely operate at the phenotypic level. Here we review recent literature underpinning the role of GBM plasticity in creating gradients of heterogeneous cells including those that carry cancer stem cell (CSC) properties. A historical perspective from the hierarchical to the nonhierarchical concept of CSCs towards the recent appreciation of GBM plasticity is provided. Cellular states interact dynamically with each other and with the surrounding brain to shape a flexible tumor ecosystem, which enables swift adaptation to external pressure including treatment. We present the key components regulating intra-tumoral phenotypic heterogeneity and the equilibrium of phenotypic states, including genetic, epigenetic, and microenvironmental factors. We further discuss plasticity in the context of intrinsic tumor resistance, where a variable balance between preexisting resistant cells and adaptive persisters leads to reversible adaptation upon treatment. Innovative efforts targeting regulators of plasticity and mechanisms of state transitions towards treatment-resistant states are needed to restrict the adaptive capacities of GBM.
Abstract 10522: Early Lactate Clearance is Associated With Survival in a National Cohort of Refractory Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients Managed With Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: Emilie Gregers, Louise Linde, Sivagowry Moerk, Jo B Andreasen, morten smerup, Jesper Kjaergaard, Peter Hasse Moeller-Soerensen, lene holmvang, CHRISTIAN juhl J TERKELSEN, Mariann Tang, steffen christensen, Jacob E Moller, Jens F Lassen, Matilde Winther-Jensen, Sisse Thomassen, Helle Laugesen, Christian Hassager, Helle Soeholm
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: In refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), prolonged whole-body ischemia with global tissue injury proceeds even after achievement of reperfusion with extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (eCPR). Hypothesis: Biomarkers reflecting ischemia and inflammation may be used for prognostication of refractory OHCA managed with eCPR. Methods: This nationwide retrospective study included patients (≥18 years) with refractory OHCA managed with eCPR in Denmark (2011 to 2020). Biomarker levels at admission, at 24 hours (lactate, leukocytes, and platelets), and repeated measures of lactate after eCPR initiation were analyzed. Lactate clearance was calculated as (admission lactate - post eCPR lactate) / admission lactate x100%. Results: Two hundred eighteen patients (80% male; age 52±12yrs) were included. Primary cause of OHCA was acute myocardial infarction (63%), 69% had shockable primary rhythm and 86% witnessed OHCA with a median low-flow time of 105 minutes (Q1-Q3: 86-124 min.). Fifty-three (24%) survived to hospital discharge. Survivors had a significantly lower lactate level at admission (13.1 vs. 15.4 mmol/l, p=0.004) and after 24 hours (2.8 vs. 5.0, p=0.001), and a significantly higher admission platelet level (181 vs. 153 x10 9 /l, p=0.03). No difference in admission levels of leukocytes nor leukocytes and platelets after 24 hours were found between survivors and non-survivors. Lactate clearance was available for 68% and 79% of patients alive after 8 and 24 hours, respectively. All survivors had a lactate level less than admission lactate at 8 hours (lactate clearance &gt;0%) and had cleared &gt;25% of admission lactate at 24 hours after eCPR initiation. There was a significant difference in survival between quartiles of lactate clearance at 8 hours after eCPR initiation (Figure 1). Conclusion: In conclusion, early lactate clearance after eCPR initiation was associated with survival to discharge in refractory OHCA-patients.
Bhlhe40 function in activated B and TFH cells restrains the GC reaction and prevents lymphomagenesis
Authors: René Rauschmeier, Annika Reinhardt, Charlotte Gustafsson, Vassilis Glaros, Artem V. Artemov, Josefine Dunst, Reshma Taneja, Igor Adameyko, Robert Månsson, Meinrad Busslinger, Taras Kreslavsky
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2021)

The generation of high-affinity antibodies against pathogens and vaccines requires the germinal center (GC) reaction, which relies on a complex interplay between specialized effector B and CD4 T lymphocytes, the GC B cells and T follicular helper (TFH) cells. Intriguingly, several positive key regulators of the GC reaction are common for both cell types. Here, we report that the transcription factor Bhlhe40 is a crucial cell-intrinsic negative regulator affecting both the B and T cell sides of the GC reaction. In activated CD4 T cells, Bhlhe40 was required to restrain proliferation, thus limiting the number of TFH cells. In B cells, Bhlhe40 executed its function in the first days after immunization by selectively restricting the generation of the earliest GC B cells but not of early memory B cells or plasmablasts. Bhlhe40-deficient mice with progressing age succumbed to a B cell lymphoma characterized by the accumulation of monoclonal GC B-like cells and polyclonal TFH cells in various tissues.
Temporal Muscle Thickness as a Prognostic Marker in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma: Translational Imaging Analysis of the CENTRIC EORTC 26071–22072 and CORE Trials
Authors: Julia Furtner, Michael Weller, Michael Weber, Thierry Gorlia, Burt Nabors, David A. Reardon, Joerg C. Tonn, Roger Stupp, Matthias Preusser
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

To investigate the prognostic relevance of temporal muscle thickness (TMT) as a surrogate parameter of skeletal muscle status in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma.We assessed TMT in cranial MRI of 755 patients enrolled in the CENTRIC EORTC 26071-22072 study (n = 508) and CORE study (n = 247). We used predefined sex-specific TMT cut-off values to categorize "patients at risk of sarcopenia" and "patients with normal muscle status" at baseline. Furthermore, we categorized patients according to the extent of TMT loss over time. Associations with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated using the Cox model adjusted for other exploratory variables.Patients at risk of sarcopenia (CENTRIC; n = 158/508, 31.1%; CORE; n = 87/247, 35.2%) at baseline had significantly higher risk of progression and death than patients with normal muscle status in both study cohorts [CENTRIC: PFS = HR 0.16; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.12-0.21; P < 0.001; OS = HR 0.341; 95% CI, 0.27-0.44; P < 0.001; CORE: PFS = HR 0.29; 95% CI, 0.21-0.39; P < 0.001; OS = HR, 0.365; 95% CI, 0.27-0.49; P < 0.001]. Similar results were obtained in multivariate Cox models adjusted for other important prognostic parameters. The extent of TMT loss over time showed a significant inverse correlation with median OS times in patients at risk for sarcopenia (CENTRIC: P < 0.001; CORE: P = 0.005), but not in patients with normal baseline muscle mass (CENTRIC: P = 0.538; CORE: P = 0.28).TMT identifies ambulatory patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma at risk for progressive sarcopenia and adverse outcomes. Early intervention may prevent skeletal muscle loss and improve patient outcome.
Legalization of Psychedelic Substances
Authors: Luke A. Downey, Jerome Sarris, Daniel Perkins
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
All-cause mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chennai, India: an observational study
Authors: Joseph A Lewnard, Ayesha Mahmud, Tejas Narayan, Brian Wahl, T S Selvavinayagam, Chandra Mohan B, Ramanan Laxminarayan
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2021)

India has been severely affected by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. However, due to shortcomings in disease surveillance, the burden of mortality associated with COVID-19 remains poorly understood. We aimed to assess changes in mortality during the pandemic in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, using data on all-cause mortality within the district.
Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of task-shared care for people with severe mental disorders in Ethiopia (TaSCS): a single-blind, randomised, controlled, phase 3 non-inferiority trial
Authors: Charlotte Hanlon, Girmay Medhin, Michael E Dewey, Martin Prince, Esubalew Assefa, Teshome Shibre, Dawit A Ejigu, Hanna Negussie, Sewit Timothewos, Marguerite Schneider, Graham Thornicroft, Lawrence Wissow, Ezra Susser, Crick Lund, Abebaw Fekadu, Atalay Alem
Journal: The Lancet Psychiatry (2021)
Comparison of Ticagrelor vs Clopidogrel in Addition to Aspirin in Patients With Minor Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack
Authors: Ronda Lun, Shan Dhaliwal, Gabriele Zitikyte, Danielle Carole Roy, Brian Hutton, Dar Dowlatshahi
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2021)

<h3>Importance</h3> Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with clopidogrel and aspirin is effective in preventing recurrent strokes after minor ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). However, there is emerging evidence for the use of ticagrelor and aspirin, and the 2 DAPT regimens have not been compared directly. <h3>Objective</h3> To compare ticagrelor and aspirin with clopidogrel and aspirin in patients with acute minor ischemic stroke or TIA in the prevention of recurrent strokes or death. <h3>Data Sources</h3> MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane from database inception until February 2021. <h3>Study Selection</h3> Randomized clinical trials that enrolled adults with acute minor ischemic stroke or TIA and provided the mentioned interventions within 72 hours of symptom onset, with a minimum follow-up of 30 days. <h3>Data Extraction and Synthesis</h3> PRISMA guidelines for network meta-analyses were followed. Two reviewers independently extracted data and appraised risk of bias. Fixed-effects models were fit using a bayesian approach to network meta-analysis. Between-group comparisons were estimated using hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% credible intervals (95% CrIs). Surface under the cumulative rank curve plots were produced. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The primary outcome was a composite of recurrent stroke or death up to 90 days. Secondary outcomes include major bleeding, mortality, adverse events, and functional disability. A sensitivity analysis was performed at 30 days for the primary outcome. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 4014 citations were screened; 5 randomized clinical trials were included. Data from 22 098 patients were analyzed, including 5517 in the clopidogrel and aspirin arm, 5859 in the ticagrelor and aspirin arm, and 10 722 in the aspirin arm. Both clopidogrel and aspirin (HR, 0.74; 95% CrI, 0.65-0.84) and ticagrelor and aspirin (HR, 0.79; 95% CrI, 0.68-0.91) were superior to aspirin in the prevention of recurrent stroke and death. There was no statistically significant difference between clopidogrel and aspirin compared with ticagrelor and aspirin (HR, 0.94; 95% CrI, 0.78-1.13). Both DAPT regimens had higher rates of major hemorrhage than aspirin alone. Clopidogrel and aspirin was associated with a decreased risk of functional disability compared with aspirin alone (HR, 0.82; 95% CrI, 0.74-0.91) and ticagrelor and aspirin (HR, 0.85; 95% CrI, 0.75-0.97). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> DAPT combining aspirin with either ticagrelor or clopidogrel was superior to aspirin alone, but there was no statistically significant difference found between the 2 regimens for the primary outcome.