tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Female sterilisation--no more tubal coagulation.
Authors: K M Huntington
Journal: BMJ (1980)

For more than 20 years a large proportion of time has been given to providing birth control advice. Through the years there have always been a minority of patients opting for female sterilization, more since laparoscopic sterilization became available. The advantages of quicker recovery and shorter hospital stays to the busy mother whose family is complete are obvious. In the last 3 years more gynecologists have been using plastic and silicone clips and rings. In your leading article (12 April, p. 1037) you quote similar pregnancy rates. In my practice the only failures have been when tubes were occluded by clips. I would like to put in a plea for still using laparoscopic sterilizaton with cautery with women who are unlike to change their minds. In this category I would consider particularly those women who are happily married and whose children are now adolescents. An added factor is that the women may be unsuitable for having more children. In these patients the situation can be even more difficult because they feel quite unable to accept a termination of pregnancy should contraception fail. Both husband and wife should understand the procedure, and should make their decision knowing that it is irreversible and that repair of the tubes does not often lead to a successful pregnancy. The type of sterilization should be tailored to the individual patient.
Subcellular distribution of beta 2-adrenergic receptors delineated with quantitative ultrastructural autoradiography of radioligand binding sites.
Authors: J ESaffitz, S BLiggett
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

beta-Adrenergic receptors play a critical role in signal transduction in the cardiovascular system. Regulation of beta-adrenergic receptor expression depends on multiple factors, including rates of synthesis and degradation of receptor protein and trafficking of receptors between the cell surface and putative intracellular compartments. To characterize the subcellular distribution of beta-adrenergic receptors and to delineate the ultrastructure of intracellular compartments in which adrenergic receptors reside in the steady state, we studied Chinese hamster fibroblast cells transfected with the human beta 2-adrenergic receptor gene. beta 2-Adrenergic receptors of these cells were covalently labeled with the lipophilic photoactivatable antagonist [125I]iodocyanopindolol diazarine, and specific radioligand binding sites were localized at the ultrastructural level of resolution with quantitative electron microscopic autoradiography. The density of beta 2-adrenergic receptors was approximately 100-fold greate...
Diagnostic quantification of CASS (coronary artery surgery study) clinical and exercise test results in determining presence and extent of coronary artery disease. A multivariate approach.
Authors: L DFisher, J WKennedy, B RChaitman, T JRyan, CMcCabe, DWeiner, FTristani, MSchloss, H RWarner
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Multivariate linear discriminant function analysis on maximal exercise treadmill and angiographic data from 500 men with definite angina, 584 men with probable angina and 267 men with nonspecific chest pain identified independent predictors of presence and extent of coronary disease. We used the discriminant function to develop a clinical risk index and a clinical and exercise risk index for each patient subset. Probability curves were generated to predict the presence and extent of coronary disease. In definite angina cases, exercise testing provided more diagnostic information than clinical data alone. However, in the 10% of cases with the smallest risk indexes, half of the patients had coronary disease and one-quarter had multivessel disease. In men with probable angina, exercise testing added substantially more diagnostic information than clinical data. The probability of multivessel disease was reduced to less than 10% for 30% of patients with probable angina, an important diagnostic contribution. Ex...
Оцінка ефективності корекції запальних та фібротичних процесів у хворих на хронічний вірусний гепатит С
Authors: Yu.M. Stepanov, S.L. Melanich, L.Ya. Melnychenko
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2013)

Високий рівень захворюваності, погіршення якості життя хворих, зростання смертності від ускладнень хронічних захворювань печінки обумовлюють соціально значиму медичну проблему. Пошук механізмів гальмування процесів фіброгенезу є одним із актуальних напрямів.У роботі вивчено вплив базової терапії (препаратів урсодезоксихолевої кислоти, есенціальних фосфоліпідів, пентоксифіліну, аргініну гідрохлориду) і поєднання базової терапії з автоцитокінами на показники функціональної активності печінки, ендогенної інтоксикації, процесів фіброгенезу. Обстежено 42 хворих на хронічний вірусний гепатит С.Застосування базової терапії та автоцитокінів мало більш вагомий позитивний вплив на прояви цитолізу, холестазу, обмін глікопротеїнових комплексів позаклітинного матриксу, детоксикаційну функцію печінки та ендотоксемію, про- і антифіброгенні фактори.
Determinants of antegrade echo zone in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.
Authors: E LPritchett, J JGallagher, MScheinman, W MSmith
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Forty-five patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and reciprocating tachycardia which utilized the atrioventricular (A-V) node for antegrade conduction and an accessory pathway for ventriculo-atrial (retrograde) conduction were studied. The extrastimulus technique in the right atrium and coronary sinus at multiple pacing cycle lengths was used. Three types of   were defined by the relationship of the antegrade effective refractory period (ERP) of the accessory pathway, the longest coupling interval accompanied by an atrial echo, the ERP of the A-V node, and the functional refractory period of the atrium. Eighteen of 45 patients (40%) had more than one type of echo zone demonstrated by changing either pacing site or pacing cycle length or both. Pacing site and intraventricular conduction delay were found to have important effects on the longest coupling interval accompanied by an atrial echo in those echo zones in which the longest coupling interval accompanied by an atrial echo was le...
Repair of aortico-left ventricular tunnel in the neonate: surgical, anatomic and echocardiographic considerations.
Authors: KTurley, N HSilverman, DTeitel, CMavroudis, RSnider, ARudolph
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Repair of aortico--left ventricular tunnel was accomplished for the first time in the neonatal period. The diagnosis was made with two-dimensional echocardiography. Repair was accomplished using an open-patch aortoplasty technique, which prevented valvular insufficiency, a significant problem in older patients in whom the repair has been attempted.
The effects of isoproterenol and ouabain on oxygen consumption, lactate production, and the activation of phosphorylase in coronary artery smooth muscle.
Authors: R JPaul
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

In previous work, oxidative metabolism in vascular smooth muscle was found to be correlated with isometric force; aerobic lactate production, however, was found to be substantial and correlated with Na-K transport processes (Paul et al., 1979; Paul, 1980). In this work, the role of glycogen phosphorylase in this unusual functional compartmentalization of of vascular energy metabolism was investigated. Isometric force, oxygen consumption, lactate production, and the level of phosphorylase activity were measured in porcine coronary arterial segments. For comparison with previous studies, phosphorylase activity was also measured in rabbit aorta. Added potassium chloride induced a contracture in which oxygen consumption, lactate production, and phosphorylase activity all increased. Ouabain also induced a contracture, and an increase in oxygen consumption and phosphorylase activity. However, lactate production was inhibited. Isoproterenol, when added to a potassium chloride-induced contracture, elicited a rela...
Reply to B. O'Sullivan et al
Authors: Carole Fakhry, Qiang Zhang, Phuc Felix Nguyen-Tan, David Rosenthal, Adel K. El-Naggar, Adam S. Garden, Denis Soulieres, Andy Trotti, Vilija N. Avizonis, John A. Ridge, Jonathan Harris, Quynh-Thu Le, Maura Gillison
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)
Retrograde concealed conduction in the atrioventricular node: differential manifestations related to level of intranodal penetration.
Authors: M HLehmann, RMahmud, SDenker, JSoni, MAkhtar
Journal: Circulation (1984)

Although concealed conduction in the atrioventricular node (AVN) has been the focus of numerous experimental and clinical studies, little is known about the differential effects on AVN functional behavior of prior concealed retrograde impulse penetration alone vs prior anterograde or dual AVN activation. This study was undertaken specifically to investigate this aspect of human AVN physiology in patients without intact ventriculoatrial conduction to provide a model with which to analyze concealed retrograde AVN conduction. In 13 such patients AVN behavior during a subsequent anterograde input was characterized for each of three different manners of prior AVN activation: anterograde alone (method I), simultaneous anterograde and retrograde excitation (method II), or equivalently timed retrograde concealed AVN penetration alone (method III). In all patients evidence for retrograde AVN concealment was documented by longer anterograde conduction in the AVN during method III than that observed when the retrogr...
Mechanism of paradoxic pulse in bronchial asthma.
Authors: FJardin, J CFarcot, LBoisante, J FProst, PGueret, J PBourdarias
Journal: Circulation (1982)

To elucidate the mechanism of paradoxic pulse in severe bronchial asthma, we performed hemodynamic studies and measured esophageal pressure in nine patients who had status asthmaticus and clinical paradoxic pulse. Two-dimensional echocardiography allowed simultaneous assessment of cyclic changes in right- and left-heart size throughout the respiratory cycle. Esophageal pressure varied from a markedly negative level during inspiration (-24.4 +/- 6.5 cm H2O) to a positive level during expiration (7.6 +/- 6.0 cm H2O). Competition between right- and left-heart chambers for pericardial space during inspiration was suggested by the reduced left ventricular cross-sectional area at end-systole (-24%, p less than 0.01) and end-diastole (-32%, p less than 0.01), the leftward septal shift, and the increased right ventricular internal diameter at end-systole (42%, p less than 0.01) and end-diastole (40%, p less than 0.001). Competition for filling, however, could not entirely account for the paradoxic pulse, for syst...
Transluminal vascular stent for ostial atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis
Authors: P.J.G. van de Ven, J.J. Beutler, G.G. Geyskes, H.A. Koomans, R. Kaatee, F.J.A. Beek, W.P.Th.M. Mali
Journal: The Lancet (1995)
Effect of thromboxane and serotonin receptor antagonists on intracoronary platelet deposition in dogs with experimentally stenosed coronary arteries.
Authors: PGolino, L MBuja, J HAshton, PKulkarni, ATaylor, J TWillerson
Journal: Circulation (1988)

We have reported previously that thromboxane A2 (TXA2) and serotonin (5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine) are important mediators of cyclic flow variations (CFVs) in a canine model of coronary artery stenosis and endothelial injury. The present study tested the hypothesis that a TXA2 receptor antagonist is more effective in reducing intracoronary platelet deposition at sites of endothelial injury and severe stenosis than a 5-HT2 receptor antagonist. CFVs developed after placing a plastic constrictor around the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) in 51 of 56 dogs. Autologous platelets labeled with 111In were injected in 48 animals. Ten control dogs (group 1A) were killed after CFVs were observed for 1 hour at the nadir of coronary blood flow. Five dogs (group 1B) did not develop CFVs after placement of the constrictor. CFVs were abolished with SQ 28668 (2.75 +/- 0.36 mg/kg, group 2) and SQ 29548 (0.45 +/- 0.1 mg/kg, group 3), two different TXA2 and PGH2 receptor antagonists, in eight of 10 and six of sev...
Subthreshold stimulation of Purkinje fibers interrupts ventricular tachycardia in intact hearts. Experimental study with voltage-sensitive dyes and imaging techniques.
Authors: GSalama, AKanai, I REfimov
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

The effects of subthreshold stimulation (STS) delivered during right atrial pacing and ventricular tachycardia (VT) were investigated in Langendorff-perfused guinea pig hearts. The hearts were stained with a voltage-sensitive dye (RH 421) to map the propagation of optical action potentials. Sustained VT was reliably induced by 5-second trains (cycle length [CL], 25 to 50 milliseconds; duration, 0.5 to 10 milliseconds; and voltage, 2x threshold voltage) of impulses (n = 12 hearts) or a single premature beat (n = 6). The location of extrastimuli was not critical to the induction of VT, but the diameter of the heart had to be > or = 14.5 mm. During VT, heart rate increased from 200 to 600 beats per minute; action potential durations decreased from 112 to 175 milliseconds to 60 to 105 milliseconds, with no diastolic interval. Activation on the epicardium spread anisotropically, but VT decreased the apparent maximum conduction velocity (theta max) by 68% and altered the orientation of the major axis from bea...
Mitral valve area in combined mitral stenosis and regurgitation.
Authors: JAskenazi, C JCarlson, J SAlpert, LDexter
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Eight patients with mixed mitral stenosis and regurgitation underwent hemodynamic and angiographic study prior to mitral valve replacement. The stenotic orifice of the mitral valve was calculated employing the total left ventricular stroke volume by cineangiography as the numerator of the Gorlin Formula. Excellent agreement with the measured orifice of the mitral valve was obtained using a value of 37.9 (0.85 X 44.5) for the constant in the Gorlin formula as recommended by Cohen and Gorlin. Recalculation of this constant independently by our data yielded a value that was almost identical. Regurgitant flows and orifice sizes were calculated for each patient using the same constant as for calculation of the stenotic orifices.
Reactive astrocytes: The nexus of pathological and clinical hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Brittani R. Price, Lance A. Johnson, Christopher M. Norris
Journal: Ageing Research Reviews (2021)

Astrocyte reactivity is a hallmark of neuroinflammation that arises with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and nearly every other neurodegenerative condition. While astrocytes certainly contribute to classic inflammatory processes (e.g. cytokine release, waste clearance, and tissue repair), newly emerging technologies for measuring and targeting cell specific activities in the brain have uncovered essential roles for astrocytes in synapse function, brain metabolism, neurovascular coupling, and sleep/wake patterns. In this review, we use a holistic approach to incorporate, and expand upon, classic neuroinflammatory concepts to consider how astrocyte dysfunction/reactivity modulates multiple pathological and clinical hallmarks of AD. Our ever-evolving understanding of astrocyte signaling in neurodegeneration is not only revealing new drug targets and treatments for dementia but is suggesting we reimagine AD pathophysiological mechanisms.
Adjunctive thrombolytic therapy during angioplasty for ischemic rest angina. Results of the TAUSA Trial. TAUSA Investigators. Thrombolysis and Angioplasty in Unstable Angina trial.
Authors: J AAmbrose, O DAlmeida, S KSharma, S RTorre, J DMarmur, D HIsrael, D ERatner, M BWeiss, C EHjemdahl-Monsen, R KMyler
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDAcute closure is increased after angioplasty in unstable angina, and adjunctive intracoronary thrombolytic therapy has been used successfully to increase angiographic success. The role of prophylactic thrombolytic therapy during angioplasty in unstable angina is unknown.METHODS AND RESULTSFour hundred sixty-nine patients with ischemic rest pain with or without a recent (  300 seconds during angioplasty. Angiographic end points of thrombus after angioplasty were insignificantly decreased by urokinase (30 [13.8%] vers...
Microbiota-associated risk factors for asymptomatic gut colonisation with multi-drug-resistant organisms in a Dutch nursing home
Authors: Quinten R. Ducarmon, Elisabeth M. Terveer, Sam Nooij, Michelle N. Bloem, Karuna E. W. Vendrik, Monique A. A. Caljouw, Ingrid M. J. G. Sanders, Sofie M. van Dorp, Man C. Wong, Romy D. Zwittink, Ed J. Kuijper
Journal: Genome Medicine (2021)

Abstract Background Nursing home residents have increased rates of intestinal colonisation with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). We assessed the colonisation and spread of MDROs among this population, determined clinical risk factors for MDRO colonisation and investigated the role of the gut microbiota in providing colonisation resistance against MDROs. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study in a Dutch nursing home. Demographical, epidemiological and clinical data were collected at four time points with 2-month intervals (October 2016–April 2017). To obtain longitudinal data, faecal samples from residents were collected for at least two time points. Ultimately, twenty-seven residents were included in the study and 93 faecal samples were analysed, of which 27 (29.0%) were MDRO-positive. Twelve residents (44.4%) were colonised with an MDRO at at least one time point throughout the 6-month study. Results Univariable generalised estimating equation logistic regression indicated that antibiotic use in the previous 2 months and hospital admittance in the previous year were associated with MDRO colonisation. Characterisation of MDRO isolates through whole-genome sequencing revealed Escherichia coli sequence type (ST)131 to be the most prevalent MDRO and ward-specific clusters of E. coli ST131 were identified. Microbiota analysis by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing revealed no differences in alpha or beta diversity between MDRO-positive and negative samples, nor between residents who were ever or never colonised. Three bacterial taxa ( Dorea, Atopobiaceae and Lachnospiraceae ND3007 group) were more abundant in residents never colonised with an MDRO throughout the 6-month study. An unexpectedly high abundance of Bifidobacterium was observed in several residents. Further investigation of a subset of samples with metagenomics showed that various Bifidobacterium species were highly abundant, of which B. longum strains remained identical within residents over time, but were different between residents. Conclusions Our study provides new evidence for the role of the gut microbiota in colonisation resistance against MDROs in the elderly living in a nursing home setting. Dorea , Atopobiaceae and Lachnospiraceae ND3007 group may be associated with protection against MDRO colonisation. Furthermore, we report a uniquely high abundance of several Bifidobacterium species in multiple residents and excluded the possibility that this was due to probiotic supplementation.
Face Mask vs Helmet for Noninvasive Ventilation
Authors: Guillaume Carteaux, Nicolas De Prost, Armand Mekontso Dessap
Journal: JAMA (2016)

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Coronary calcifications in the detection of coronary artery disease and comparison with electrocardiographic exercise testing. Results from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's type II coronary intervention study.
Authors: R FAldrich, J FBrensike, J WBattaglini, J MRichardson, I KLoh, N JStone, E RPassamani, HAckerstein, RSeningen, J SBorer, R ILevy, S EEpstein
Journal: Circulation (1979)
Fulminating arterial hypertension with pulmonary edema from release of adrenomedullary catecholamines after lesions of the anterior hypothalamus in the rat.
Authors: M ANathan, D JReis
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

Bilateral electrolytic lesions of the anterior hypothalamus in unrestrained rats resulted in the development, within 2 hours, of arterial hypertension, tachycardia, hyperthermia, and increased locomotor activity, often leading to pulmonary edema and death. Similar lesions in paralyzed, artificially ventilated rats produced comparable changes in arterial blood pressure and body temperature with a similar time course. The arterial hypertension was a consequence of an increase in total peripheral resistance to 15% of control with a reduction in cardiac output to 49% of control. Arterial hypertension, elevated peripheral resistance, and diminished cardiac output were reversed toward normal by alpha-receptor blockade with phentolamine (1 mg/kg, iv). Bilateral adrenalectomy, adrenal demedullation, or adrenal denervation performed prior to lesion placement prevented the development of arterial hypertension and pulmonary edema as well as the changes in peripheral resistance, cardiac output, and body temperature. ...
Gap junction messenger RNA expression by vascular wall cells.
Authors: D MLarson, C CHaudenschild, E CBeyer
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

Gap junctions between vessel wall cells provide a pathway for the intercellular exchange of ions and small molecules. Pure cultures of microvascular and macrovascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells, vascular pericytes, and several nonvascular cell lines were tested for junctional communication by fluorescent dye transfer. All of the vascular wall cells were capable of dye transfer. Since gap junctions are formed by a family of related proteins (connexins) whose unique domains may confer physiological regulatory properties, we tested total RNA from these cultures by Northern blot analysis for expression of the currently available, characterized, and cloned mammalian gap junction proteins: connexin26, connexin32, and connexin43. All of the vascular wall cells expressed connexin43 messenger RNA. Connexin43 was expressed in vascular cells from bovine, porcine, rat, and human sources. Several nonvascular cell lines of mesenchymal origin also expressed connexin43 messenger RNA. When high stringency Norther...