tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 16464: Adhesion Receptors Mediating the LAT1-Sensitive Adhesion of Red Blood Cells to Endothelial Cells
Authors: Jacqueline Atallah, Laura B Dosier, Zachary Kelleher, Milena Batchvarova, Matthew Foster, Tim McMahon
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Nitric oxide (NO) modulates the adhesivity of RBCs to endothelial cells (ECs), which may interfere with blood respiratory function and promote tissue injury in sickle cell disease and...
Magnetic field-mediated Janus particles with sustained driving capability for severe bleeding control in perforating and inflected wounds
Authors: Qing Li, Enling Hu, Kun Yu, Mengxing Lu, Ruiqi Xie, Fei Lu, Bitao Lu, Rong Bao, Guangqian Lan
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)

Severe bleeding in perforating and inflected wounds with forky cavities or fine voids encountered during prehospital treatments and surgical procedures is a complex challenge. Therefore, we present a novel hemostatic strategy based on magnetic field-mediated guidance. The biphasic Janus magnetic particle ([email protected]2O3-T) comprised aggregates of α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles (Fe2O3 NPs) as the motion actuator, negatively modified microporous starch (MSS) as the base hemostatic substrate, and thrombin as the loaded hemostatic drug. Before application, the particles were first wrapped using NaHCO3 and then doped with protonated tranexamic acid (TXA-NH3+), which ensured their high self-dispersibility in liquids. During application, the particles promptly self-diffused in blood by bubble propulsion and travelled to deep bleeding sites against reverse rushing blood flow under magnetic guidance. In vivo tests confirmed the superior hemostatic performance of the particles in perforating and inflected wounds ("V"-shaped femoral artery and "J"-shaped liver bleeding models). The present strategy, for the first time, extends the range of magnetically guided drug carriers to address the challenges in the hemorrhage control of perforating and inflected wounds.
AB0499 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ASSESSMENT IN TUNISIAN PATIENTS WITH SPONDYLOARTHRITIS: THE IPAQ EVALUATION
Authors: F. Majdoub, M. Sellami, S. Miladi, A. Fazaa, L. Souabni, K. Ouenniche, S. Kassab, S. Chekili, K. Ben Abdelghani, A. Laatar
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

Background: The occurrence of Spondyloarthritis (SpA) often conditions patients’ quality of life and hinders their well-being. Physical activity (PA) is associated with various health-related benefits among adults with chronic inflammatory rheumatism but may be insufficiently performed. Objectives: This study aimed to assess PA in patients with SpA and explore its associated factors. Methods: This is a single-center cross-sectional study, involving patients with SpA, visiting our outpatient hospital over eight weeks. Patients responded to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short form (IPAQ-S). Results: Sixty patients were included (39 M/21 F) with an average age of 45.8 years [25-78]. The mean duration of SpA was 13.2 years [1-25]. About 80% of patients were from an urban setting. Sixty-three percent of patients had a professional activity, while 13.3% were retired. Twenty-nine patients (48.3%) had axial and peripheral form, 18 patients (30%) had SpA with enteropathic arthritis, 8 (13.3%) with psoriatic arthritis, 3 patients (5%) had axial spondyloarthritis, and only 2 patients (3.3%) with SAPHO-Syndrom. About 23% of patients had hip arthritis and only 5% had uveitis. Fifty-eight patients were on TNF-inhibitor (21/58 Adalimumab, 15/58 Infliximab, 14/58 Etanercept, 8/58 Golimumab). The average BASDAI was 2.7/10. The average ASDAS CRP was 2.1/10. The average BASFI was 3.3/10. IPAQ results were distributed as follows: 78.3% of patients were in the « low physical activity » category, 21.7% were in the « moderate physical activity » while none of the patients were in the « high physical activity ». Patients without employment had lower levels of physical activity (29.7%) but no association was observed between those two items (p=0.082). Disease activity objectified with BASDAI was related to low physical activity (p=0.045) whereas no association was observed with ASDAS CRP (p=0.870) or BASFI (p=0.056). Otherwise, TNF-inhibitor treatment was not related to different levels of PA (p=0.09). Conclusion: Tunisian patients with SpA don’t perform enough physical activity. Except for high disease activity, the different levels of PA did not appear to be explained by other disease-related variables. Thereby, physical activity should be encouraged in SpA. References: [1]Fabre, S., Molto, A., Dadoun, S. et al. Physical activity in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: a cross-sectional study of 203 patients. Rheumatol Int 36, 1711–1718 (2016). Disclosure of Interests: None declared.
AB0757 ON THE ISSUE OF DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF PANNICULITIS
Authors: O. Egorova, V. Gorodetskiy, B. Belov, A. Potapova, S. Radenska-Lopovok, N. Probatova
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

Background: Diagnosis of panniculitis (Pn) is associated with significant difficulties due to the variety of etiological factors, which include panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (PLTСL) – a rare variant of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Objectives: to study clinical and laboratory features of PLTСL in rheumatology. Methods: Over 8 years PLTСL was diagnosed in 10 patients (9 women and 1 man, average age 37.2 ± 7.4) who were referred to V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology with a diagnosis of erythema nodosum or panniculitis. In addition to general clinical study, serum concentrations of α-1 antitrypsin, amylase, lipase, ferritin, creatine phosphokinase, immunological parameters (ANF-Hep2, dsDNA, C3 and C4 complements, CRP, ANCA, Scl-70, antibodies to cardiolipins G and M) were determined, and positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET-CT), histological and immunohistochemical examination (IHC) of the biopsy sample of skin with subcutaneous fat from the affected areas were performed. Results: The clinical picture of PLTСL was characterized by generalized red-crimson moderately painful (VAS pain intensity 45mm) subcutaneous nodes on the upper limbs and trunk (100%), face (60%) and lower extremities (75%), without ulceration and oily fluid leakage. A “trembling saucer” symptom was evident in 75% of the observed cases. All patients had febrile fever. No enlargement of the lymph nodes of the liver and spleen was observed. The blood test revealed leukopenia (up to 2.0·x 10 9 /l) in 50% of cases, an increase in ESR and CRP by three or more times in 100% of cases. The biochemical blood test demonstrated an increase in LDH activity by two or more times in all patients. PET-CT in 100% of cases revealed an intense accumulation of 18F-FDG in the nodes which correlated with a high proliferative activity index. The morphological picture resembled lobular panniculitis without vasculitis. Tumor lymphocytes had an immunophenotype of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes: CD3+, CD8+, granzyme B+. To confirm the tumor nature of the infiltrate the rearrangements of the T-cell receptor genes were studied. Glucocorticoid therapy (23.5±9.6 mg/day) was ineffective which required polychemotherapy in most patients. Conclusion: PLTСL presents a complex diagnostic task that requires a multidisciplinary approach to verify the diagnosis and treatment tactics. Disclosure of Interests: None declared
Landscape of epitopes targeted by T cells in 852 individuals recovered from COVID-19: Meta-analysis, immunoprevalence, and web platform
Authors: Ahmed Abdul Quadeer, Syed Faraz Ahmed, Matthew R. McKay
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2021)

Knowledge of the epitopes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) targeted by T cells in recovered (convalescent) individuals is important for understanding T cell immunity against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This information can aid development and assessment of COVID-19 vaccines and inform novel diagnostic technologies. Here, we provide a unified description and meta-analysis of SARS-CoV-2 T cell epitopes compiled from 18 studies of cohorts of individuals recovered from COVID-19 (852 individuals in total). Our analysis demonstrates the broad diversity of T cell epitopes that have been recorded for SARS-CoV-2. A large majority are seemingly unaffected by current variants of concern. We identify a set of 20 immunoprevalent epitopes that induced T cell responses in multiple cohorts and in a large fraction of tested individuals. The landscape of SARS-CoV-2 T cell epitopes we describe can help guide immunological studies, including those related to vaccines and diagnostics. A web-based platform has been developed to help complement these efforts.
Response to Oral Erlotinib Monotherapy in a Patient With EGFR-Negative Status in Histology and Progressive Disease on Conventional Chemotherapy
Authors: Anshul Sharma, Rakesh Kumar
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

Abstract An 80-year-old woman, presenting with weight loss and dyspnea for 8 months, showed bilateral lung consolidation in baseline 18 F-FDG PET/CT and adenocarcinoma in bronchoscopy-guided biopsy. Epidermal growth factor receptor mutational status was negative in immunohistochemistry analysis, as well as in repeat liquid biopsy. When she developed progression on conventional chemotherapy, a trial of T. Erlotinib was given (since patient was a nonsmoker woman). Within a month, patient reported significant improvement in the dyspnea and did not require nebulization. 18 F-FDG PET/CT was repeated after ~6 months, which showed significant response to the oral erlotinib monotherapy. Patient was doing well at 1-year follow-up, with only dermatological adverse effects (rashes).
POS0587 EFFECT OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS TREATMENTS ON THE INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS OF SUPRA-AORTIC TRUNKS AND ON CARDIOVASCULAR RISK
Authors: L. Nacef, H. Ferjani, K. Maatallah, Y. Mabrouk, H. Riahi, E. Labbene, D. Kaffel, W. Hamdi, M. Bouaziz
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

Background: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are exposed to a multifactorial cardiovascular risk: chronic inflammation, endogenous and exogenous factors, and treatment. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of RA treatments on cardiovascular risk and the influence of supra aortic trunks. Methods: This is a prospective study conducted on RA patients followed-up between March and December 2020 at the rheumatology department of the Mohamed Kassab Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology. Socio-demographic data of patients and characteristics of the disease were collected. The disease activity was evaluated by the Disease Activity Score 28. Prescribed treatments were specified. Ultrasonography of the supra aortic trunks was performed by measuring, in centimeters, the Intima-media Thickness (IMT) at the level of the left (LCC) and right (RCC) common carotid arteries, the left (LIC) and right (RIC) internal carotid arteries and the left (LEC) and right (REC) internal carotid arteries. Results: Of the 47 patients surveyed, 78.7% were female. The mean age was 52.5 ±11.06 [32-76]. The average RA progressed from 86.25 ±63 [5-288] and was erosive in 81.6% of cases. The rheumatoid factor (RF) was positive in 57.8% of patients, and citrullinated antipeptide antibodies (ACPA) were present in 62.2%. The treatments taken were: Methotrexate (MTX) (54.5%), Sulfasalazine (SLZ) (1.8%), Leflunomide (LFN) (3.6%), a combination of cs-DMARDs (5.5%), and biotherapy (10.9%). The prescribed biotherapies were: Etanercept (3.6%), Adalimumab (1.8%), Certolizumab (1.8%), Infliximab (3.6%). Corticosteroids (CT) were prescribed in 38.2% of patients, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (3.6%), and analgesics (41.8%). CT had a protective effect on IMT in LIC (p=0.031) and RIC (p=0.016). MTX had a significant protective effect on IMT in RIC (p=0.002) and LEC (p=0.033). SLZ was associated with an increase in IMT at the RIC level (p=0.05). There was no association between NSAID use and IMT. MTX and CT were significantly associated with a decrease in SCORE (p=0.02; p=0.05, respectively). There was a non-significant association between SLZ or LFN and decreased SCORE (p=0.140, p=0,970). Conclusion: In our series, patients taking MTX and CT had a lower IMT than those not taking these drugs. SLZ was associated with an increase in IMT. NSAIDs did not affect IMT in our study. References: [1]Pasquale Ambrosino and al, Subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis A meta-analysis of literature studies. Thrombosis and Haemostasis 113.5/2015 [2]Hyun-Je Kim and al, Effects of Methotrexate on Carotid Intima-media Thickness in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2015. Disclosure of Interests: None declared
Rapid antigen test had up to 98% sensitivity and 100% specificity for detecting COVID-19 in persons with mild symptoms
Authors: Christopher Sampson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2021)

Source CitationGremmels H, Winkel BMF, Schuurman R, et al. Real-life validation of the Panbio COVID-19 antigen rapid test (Abbott) in community-dwelling subjects with symptoms of potential SARS-CoV-2 infection. EClinicalMedicine. 2021;31:100677. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33521610/AbstractClinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Infectious Disease: Public Health:
The important role of non‐covalent drug‐protein interactions in drug hypersensitivity reactions
Authors: Werner J. Pichler
Journal: Allergy (2021)

Drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHR) are heterogeneous and unusual immune reactions with rather unique clinical presentations. Accumulating evidence indicates that certain non-covalent drug-protein interactions are able to elicit exclusively effector functions of antibody reactions or complete T-cell reactions which contribute substantially to DHR. Here, we discuss three key interactions; (a) mimicry: whereby soluble, non-covalent drug-protein complexes ("fake antigens") mimic covalent drug-protein adducts; (b) increased antibody affinity: for example, in quinine-type immune thrombocytopenia where the drug gets trapped between antibody and membrane-bound glycoprotein; and (c) p-i-stimulation: where naïve and memory T cells are activated by direct binding of drugs to the human leukocyte antigen and/or T-cell receptors. This transient drug-immune receptor interaction initiates a polyclonal T-cell response with mild-to-severe DHR symptoms. Notable complications arising from p-i DHR can include viral reactivations, autoimmunity, and multiple drug hypersensitivity. In conclusion, DHR is characterized by abnormal immune stimulation driven by non-covalent drug-protein interactions. This contrasts DHR from "normal" immunity, which relies on antigen-formation by covalent hapten-protein adducts and predominantly results in asymptomatic immunity.
POS1290 CYTOKINE BIOMARKERS IN COMMON LOW BACK PAIN
Authors: R. Dhahri, A. Dghaies, M. Slouma, L. Metoui, I. Gharsallah, I. Dorgham, R. Ayari, Y. Mallat, K. Amri, A. Tezeghdenti, W. Dkhili, R. Kochkar, E. Ghazouani
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

Background: Common low back pain (LBP) is a common health problem affecting 50 to 80% of working age adults. It is one of the common and costly health problems in Tunisia. Actually, the role of the immune response and inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of chronic pain has been of growing interest. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess whether pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines could be detected in serum in patients with LBP compared with healthy subjects and whether they could be related to pain severity and to clinical findings. Methods: It was a an analytical cross-sectional study including 50 patients with at least three months of LBP, in the department of rheumatology, orthopedics and immunology at the Military Hospital of Tunis between January 1st and March 31, 2020. All patients had a standardized clinical assessment. Levels of serum cytokines IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β and TNF- α, were measured using the chimiluminescence technique. Serum concentration of IL-10 was assayed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique (ELISA). The normal levels of cytokines were determined in 50 healthy controls. Results: The mean age of the patients was 41.9 ± 8.4 years and the sex ratio was 4.5. LBP duration was 66.4 months. The mean lumbar visual analog scale (VAS) was 4.5 ± 1.9, and the root VAS was 2.6 ± 2.5. Neuropathic pain was found in 26% of patients. The average BMI was 27 ± 3.7 kg/m 2 . Only serum level of IL-8 was significantly higher in subjects with LBP compared to healthy controls (p &lt;10-3). IL-1β was indetectable in both patients and controls. Positive correlations were found between IL-8 levels and anxiety/functional scores (r = 0.3; p = 0.02/ r = 0.3; p = 0.04). IL-6 was positively correlated with BMI, and negatively correlated with the Schober test. No correlations were found between serum levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α and pain intensity (VAS), neuropathic pain (DN4), fibromyalgia (FIRST), depression (HAD) and various radiological data. Conclusion: Interleukin-8 is a biomarker of common low back pain and correlate with anxiety and functional disability. These results suggest that IL-8 may be a therapeutic target to reduce chronic back pain and reduce the social and profession impact. Disclosure of Interests: None declared
Advancing precision public health using human genomics: examples from the field and future research opportunities
Authors: Megan C. Roberts, Alison E. Fohner, Latrice Landry, Dana Lee Olstad, Amelia K. Smit, Erin Turbitt, Caitlin G. Allen
Journal: Genome Medicine (2021)

Abstract Precision public health is a relatively new field that integrates components of precision medicine, such as human genomics research, with public health concepts to help improve population health. Despite interest in advancing precision public health initiatives using human genomics research, current and future opportunities in this emerging field remain largely undescribed. To that end, we provide examples of promising opportunities and current applications of genomics research within precision public health and outline future directions within five major domains of public health: biostatistics, environmental health, epidemiology, health policy and health services, and social and behavioral science. To further extend applications of genomics within precision public health research, three key cross-cutting challenges will need to be addressed: developing policies that implement precision public health initiatives at multiple levels, improving data integration and developing more rigorous methodologies, and incorporating initiatives that address health equity. Realizing the potential to better integrate human genomics within precision public health will require transdisciplinary efforts that leverage the strengths of both precision medicine and public health.
AB0272 CAN NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS CONTROL THE SYMPTOMS OF MODERATE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS?
Authors: E. Pogozheva, A. Karateev, V. Amirdzhanova, E. Filatova
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

Objectives: to evaluate the efficacy of long-term pain therapy with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with an initially moderate disease activity (DAS 28 &lt;5,1). Methods: the study included 404 RA patients, disease duration was more than 1 year, mean DAS 28 3.7±1.6, mean age 58.6±10.0 years, 69% women, 76,7% RF “+”, 81,5% ACPA “+”. 91,2% of the patients received conventional DMARDs (methotrexate), 8,8% - biological agents. All patients received NSAIDs (aceclofenac) to control their symptoms. Тhe follow-up period was 6 months. We evaluated the dynamics of the DAS 28 index, the level of pain and patient global health on a 100- mm visual analog scale (VAS). Results: the level of pain (VAS) decreased from 63,1 ± 15,4 to 46,3± 8,3 (p=0,001) by 3 months of follow-up and up to 39,5± 11,2 (p= 0,001) by 6 months of follow-up. The patient global health (VAS) also improved from 58,2 ± 13,4 at baseline to 40,3 ± 11,2 (p=0,001) at 3 months and to 35,5 ± 9,7 (p=0,001) at 6 months of follow up. The mean DAS 28 remained within the moderate disease activity and decreased from 3,7±1,5 to 3,4 ±1,1 (p=0,01) after 3 months, and to 3,1± 0,9 (p=0,01) after 6 months. Conclusion: long-term NSAID therapy allows to control the disease activity in patients with moderate RA. This should be taken into account when planning therapy, including deciding whether to “switch” DMARDs and prescribing biological agents. Disclosure of Interests: None declared
POS1439 A MULTI-PREDICTOR MODEL TO PREDICT RISK OF SCLERODERMA RENAL CRISIS IN SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS
Authors: D. Xu, R. Mu
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

Background: Scleroderma renal crisis (SRC) is a life-threatening syndrome. The early identification of patients at risk is essential for timely treatment to improve the outcome [1] . Objectives: We aimed to provide a personalized tool to predict risk of SRC in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Methods: We tried to set up a SRC prediction model based on the PKUPH-SSc cohort of 302 SSc patients. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression was used to optimize disease features. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was applied to build a SRC prediction model incorporating the features of SSc selected in the Lasso regression. Then, a multi-predictor nomogram combining clinical characteristics was constructed and evaluated by discrimination and calibration. Results: A multi-predictor nomogram for evaluating the risk of SRC was successfully developed. In the nomogram, four easily available predictors were contained including disease duration &lt;2 years, cardiac involvement, anemia and corticosteroid &gt;15mg/d exposure. The nomogram displayed good discrimination with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.843 (95% CI: 0.797-0.882) and good calibration. Conclusion: The multi-predictor nomogram for SRC could be reliably and conveniently used to predict the individual risk of SRC in SSc patients, and be a step towards more personalized medicine. References: [1]Woodworth TG, Suliman YA, Li W, Furst DE, Clements P (2016) Scleroderma renal crisis and renal involvement in systemic sclerosis. Nat Rev Nephrol 12 (11):678-91. Disclosure of Interests: None declared