tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The prognostic impact of preoperative health-related quality life on bladder cancer-specific survival in patients treated with radical cystectomy.
Authors: Thilo Westhofen, Lennert Eismann, Alexander Buchner, Boris Schlenker, Clemens Giessen-Jung, Armin Becker, Christian G. Stief, Alexander Kretschmer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

475 Background: Previous studies have shown that baseline health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is a valuable prognostic indicator of survival outcomes for various cancer entities in the metastatic setting, yet there is no evidence on the prognostic value of baseline HRQOL for patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC) with curative intent. The goal of this study was to evaluate the influence of baseline preoperative HRQOL on cancer specific survival prognosis for patients undergoing RC. Methods: 407 patients with prospectively assessed baseline HRQOL prior RC were included. Patients were stratified by the global health status (GHS) domain of the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire, and good general HRQOL was defined as GHS≥70 based on validated cut-off levels. A 1:2 propensity-score-matched analysis of n=357 patients [n=125 (GHS≥70), n=232 (GHS&lt;70)] was performed. Primary endpoint was cancer-specific survival (CSS), secondary endpoints encompassed overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Multivariate Cox regression models were performed to assess prognostic significance of baseline GHS on survival outcomes. Harrell’s discrimination C-index was assessed to calculate the predictive accuracy of the model (p&lt;0.05). Results: Median follow-up was 40.5mo. Patients subcohorts were well-balanced. All baseline QLQ-C30 functioning scales were in favour of the GHS≥70 cohort (each p&lt;0.001). 5-yr CSS (82% vs. 65%; p=0.001), 5-yr OS (76% vs 53%; p=0.001) and 5-yr-RFS (50% vs. 39%; p=0.04) and were significantly increased in the GHS≥70 cohort. GHS≥70 was confirmed as an independent predictor for increased CSS (HR 0.43, 95%CI 0.21–0.89; p=0.028), OS (HR 0.56, 95%CI 0.31–0.90; p=0.031) and RFS (HR 0.52, 95%CI 0.31–0.87; p=0.013) multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Our findings suggest preoperative baseline HRQOL to have a pronounced predictive value for patients undergoing RC with curative intent for bladder cancer. We found baseline good general HRQOL to accurately predict increased CSS, OS and RFS.[Table: see text]
Hemophagocytosis
Authors: Michael A. Baumann
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Intense hemophagocytosis by bone marrow histiocytes was observed in a 66-year-old man who had fever, jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, and pancytopenia. This constellation of findings was originally described by Scott and Robb-Smith<sup>1</sup>in 1939 and was termed<i>histiocytic medullary reticulosis</i>because of the characteristic infiltration of the medullary region of the lymph nodes by histiocytes. Rappaport<sup>2</sup>renamed the disease<i>malignant histiocytosis</i>in 1966 and emphasized the presence of cytologic atypia of the hemophagocytic histiocytes as a criterion for diagnosis. Malignant histiocytosis is now recognized as one of the rare malignancies of true monocytemacrophage origin and is generally regarded as having a poor prognosis, although some encouraging reports of improved survival following combination chemotherapy have been published in recent years.<sup>3</sup> Hemophagocytosis has also been observed accompanying reactive histiocytic proliferation in response to systemic bacterial infections, including miliary tuberculosis, brucellosis, and typhoid.<sup>4</sup>Recently, prominent hemophagocytosis was described in association with
ABC of clinical genetics. Chromosomal disorders II.
Authors: H. M. Kingston
Journal: BMJ (1989)

Developmental delay in child with deletion of chromosome 13.Chromosomal abnormalities are generally associated with multiple congenital malformations and mental retardation.Children with more than one physical abnormality, particularly if retarded, should therefore undergo chromosomal analysis as part of their investigation.Chromosomal disorders are incurable but can be reliably detected by prenatal diagnostic techniques.Amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling should be offered to women whose pregnancies are at increased risk -namely, women in their mid to late thirties, couples with an affected child, and couples in whom one partner carries a balanced translocation.Unfortunately, when there is no history of previous abnormality the risk in many affected pregnancies cannot be predicted beforehand.Parents Gametes Offspring Non-dysjunction Trisomy 21 Non-dysjunction of chromosome 21 leading to Down's syndrome.--All chromosomal abnormalities 100 - at ainniocentesis ----Downl's syndrome at amniocentesis -D Down's syndrome in liveborn infants I I~~~~~~~/ / // 'I 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Maternal ale (years) Incidence of chromosomal abnormalities and Down's syndrome by maternal age.Autosomal abnormalities
Hypnosis.
Authors: H G Kinnell
Journal: BMJ (1979)

This deplorable state of affairs, which is a cause of much wasted time and many un- necessary x-ray examinations, can be directly related to the very severe reduction in the amount of time which our medical schools allocate to the teaching and study of anatomy.In practical terms, it means that students become involved with contemplation of the abnormal before they have acquired a sound knowledge of the normal.Perhaps the tide is now beginning to turn, for, during the past year or so, there have been at least three publications affirming the importance of teaching radiological anatomy from the outset of the preclinical course.Can this really be just a coincidence ?
President's Address
Authors: R. W. Falconer
Journal: BMJ (1878)

GENTLMkN,'-Thirty years ago, our Society, then known as "The Provincial Medical and Surgical Association", for the second time held its anniversary meeting in the city of Bath Of those who were present on that occasion many, their life's labour finished, have gone over to the majority; others have sought their fortunes in distant localities; while of those who remain e few have readily united with another generation of practitioners to offer for the third time a cordial welcome to the members of the British Medical Association.Since the annual meeting in I848, many changes have taken place in our Association.Then the business to be transacted occupied only two days, now it occupies nearly double that time; then there were only X,300 or I,400 members now we have more than 7,500.The annual income was about £z,4oo, while last year it amounted to more than £ 1,500.In 1867, the Daily Yournal was first issued at the meeting in DUbln, and the sectional system first brought into practice.To the two addresses of Medicine and Surgery, a third has been added.Our Branches have increased in number, and this year for the first time we have a Colonial Branch, that of the island of Jamaica.These facts point to the extension of our power.The work actually -done by the Association is manifested by the many Committees which have been established for the promotion of those objects coming within its legiti- mate scope.
Amphetamine prescribing.
Authors: F. S. Reed
Journal: BMJ (1967)

Amphetamine PrescribingSIR,-Scarcely a day passes without news of another drug haul from a chemist's shop.Thousands of tablets are stolen, and the majority are probably amphetamines.A glance at the Proprietary Drug Lists will show there are at least twenty-two pre- parations containing amphetamine alone or in combination with other drugs.Many are virtually identical and some preparations appear both as central nervous system stimulants and sedatives and tranquillizers.The chemist is obliged to keep a fairly large stock in order to meet all requirements.It is not necessary to reiterate the undesirability of these drugs being self-administered nor the consequent dangers of addiction, of toxic effects, and of antisocial behaviour, and yet the illegal use of amphetamines is increasing and constitutes a serious problem, and the stocks available in the chemists are one important source of supply.How much do we contribute to this prob- lem by continuing to prescribe the drug when its use is unnecessary or outdated ?It is my belief that all these preparations could be scrapped with very little loss to the medical armamentarium.For mild depression there
Comment
Authors: M. I. Grossman
Journal: Gut (1968)

<h3>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</h3> Evaluating abnormalities of the temporal bone requires high-spatial-resolution CT imaging. Our aim was to assess the performance of photon-counting-detector ultra-high-resolution acquisitions for temporal bone imaging and compare the results with those of energy-integrating-detector ultra-high-resolution acquisitions. <h3>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</h3> Phantom studies were conducted to quantify spatial resolution of the ultra-high-resolution mode on a prototype photon-counting-detector CT scanner and an energy-integrating-detector CT scanner that uses a comb filter. Ten cadaveric temporal bones were scanned on both systems with the radiation dose matched to that of the clinical examinations. Images were reconstructed using a sharp kernel, 0.6-mm (minimum) thickness for energy-integrating-detector CT, and 0.6- and 0.25-mm (minimum) thicknesses for photon-counting-detector CT. Image noise was measured and compared using adjusted 1-way ANOVA. Images were reviewed blindly by 3 neuroradiologists to assess the incudomallear joint, stapes footplate, modiolus, and overall image quality. The ranking results for each specimen and protocol were compared using the Friedman test. The Krippendorff α was used for interreader agreement. <h3>RESULTS:</h3> Photon-counting-detector CT showed an increase of in-plane resolution compared with energy-integrating-detector CT. At the same thickness (0.6 mm), images from photon-counting-detector CT had significantly lower (<i>P</i> &lt; .001) image noise compared with energy-integrating-detector CT. Readers preferred the photon-counting-detector CT images to the energy-integrating-detector images for all 3 temporal bone structures. A moderate interreader agreement was observed with the Krippendorff α = 0.50. For overall image quality, photon-counting-detector CT image sets were ranked significantly higher than images from energy-integrating-detector CT (<i>P</i> &lt; .001). <h3>CONCLUSIONS:</h3> This study demonstrated substantially better delineation of fine anatomy for the temporal bones scanned with the ultra-high-resolution mode of photon-counting-detector CT compared with the ultra-high-resolution mode of a commercial energy-integrating-detector CT scanner.
Psychogenic purpura.
Authors: D Ogston, W D Ogston, N B Bennett
Journal: BMJ (1971)

The term "autoerythrocyte sensitization" was given by Gardner and Diamond (1955) to a syndrome, confined to women, characterized by crops of painful ecchymoses and a number of systemic complaints.Patients with the typical symptoms of autoerythrocyte sensitization have been observed to have strikingly uniform psychiatric findings (Agle and Rat- noff, 1962; Agle, Ratnoff, and Wasman, 1967), depression, hysterical and masochistic character traits, anxiety, and an inability to deal appropriately with their own hostile feelings.Because of the evidence that the occurrence of this syndrome is related to psychological factors Ratnoff and Agle (1968) suggested that the condition be renamed "psychogenic purpura."We describe a further case of psychogenic purpura in which the symptoms abated during psychotherapy. Case ReportAn unmarried woman aged 19 was referred to the outpatient department of a general hospital in October 1969.A month after a
Rapid electrical stimulation of contraction modulates gap-junction protien in cultured neonatal ral cardiomyocytes: Involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinases and effects of angiotensin II receptor antagonist
Authors: Noriko Inoue, Tomoko Ohkusa, Tomoko Nao, Tomo Matsumoto, Dong Jing Yao, Yuji Hisamatsu, Masafumi Yano, Masunori Matsuzaki
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Journal of Urology, Baltimore
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Highlights
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Preserving the viability of oxygen-sensitive bacteria may enhance the clinical eff ect of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for patients with ulcerative colitis.Costello and colleagues randomized 73 adults with mild to moderately active ulcerative colitis and found that treatment with anaerobically prepared donor FMT compared with autologous FMT resulted in a higher likelihood of remission at 8 weeks.In an Editorial, Kelly and Ananthakrishnan suggest that manipulation of the microbiome may be most eff ective when used in combination with agents that target immune dysregulation.
AUSTRIA
Authors: G. Dintenfass
Journal: BMJ (1905)

Bocieties grant widow's pension M.220, and orphans' pension M.44 to M.66, and M.IOO to M.300 for funeral expenses.The best medical sickness societies in Germany are in the Kingdom of Saxony, where, except for two small relief clubs and one funeral club in Leipzig, there is one sickness relief society for the whole kingdom for medical men, who all are bound to join, and one relief society for widows and orphans.Both are obligatory State clubs.The yearly subscription for the first society is M. IO, and for the second M. 20.They grant M. 50 to M. IoO a month to members unable to work on account of illness and unable to provide sufficient means of support.Widows in need of relief are granted from M. 26 to M. 50 a month, and orphans from M. 5 to M. 25 a month.In the other German States there are various other medical relief societies, differing from the above in details.
QUANTITATIVE EMISSION CARDIAC TOMOGRAPHY WITH A ROTATING DUAL SLANT COLLIMATOR.
Authors: Michael A. Cawthon, Michael F. Hartshorne, Stephen R. Bunker, Robert D. Karl, William H. Howard, John C. Lasher
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

Cawthon, Michael A.; Hartshorne, Michael F.; Bunker, Stephen R.; Karl, Robert D. Jr.; Howard, William H. III; Lasher, John C. Author Information
Miscellanea Medica
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mogamulizumab Tops Standard of Care for CTCL
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2018)

Abstract In the large international phase III MAVORIC trial, patients with previously treated cutaneous T-cell lymphoma who received the anti-CCR4 monoclonal antibody mogamulizumab experienced significantly longer progression-free survival and higher response rates, as well as better quality of life, than those who received vorinostat, a standard therapy.
Longitudinal Associations of Mental Disorders With Dementia
Authors: Leah S. Richmond-Rakerd, Stephanie D’Souza, Barry J. Milne, Avshalom Caspi, Terrie E. Moffitt
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2022)

<h3>Importance</h3> Mental disorders are an underappreciated category of modifiable risk factors for dementia. Developing an evidence base about the link between mental disorders and dementia risk requires studies that use large, representative samples, consider the full range of psychiatric conditions, ascertain mental disorders from early life, use long follow-ups, and distinguish between Alzheimer disease and related dementias. <h3>Objective</h3> To test whether mental disorders antedate dementia across 3 decades of observation. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This population-based administrative register study of mental disorders and Alzheimer disease and related dementias included all individuals born in New Zealand between 1928 and 1967 who resided in the country for any time during the 30-year observation period between July 1988 and June 2018. Data were from the New Zealand Integrated Data Infrastructure, a collection of whole-of-population administrative data sources linked at the individual level. Data were analyzed from October 2020 to November 2021. <h3>Exposures</h3> Diagnoses of mental disorders were ascertained from public-hospital records. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Diagnoses of dementia were ascertained from public-hospital records, mortality records, and pharmaceutical records. <h3>Results</h3> Of 1 711 386 included individuals, 866 301 (50.6%) were male, and individuals were aged 21 to 60 years at baseline. Relative to individuals without a mental disorder, those with a mental disorder were at increased risk of developing subsequent dementia (relative risk [RR], 4.24; 95% CI, 4.07-4.42; hazard ratio, 6.49; 95% CI, 6.25-6.73). Among individuals with dementia, those with a mental disorder developed dementia a mean of 5.60 years (95% CI, 5.31-5.90) earlier than those without a mental disorder. Associations held across sex and age and after accounting for preexisting chronic physical diseases and socioeconomic deprivation. Associations were present across different types of mental disorders and self-harm behavior (RRs ranged from 2.93 [95% CI, 2.66-3.21] for neurotic disorders to 6.20 [95% CI, 5.67-6.78] for psychotic disorders), and were evident for Alzheimer disease (RR, 2.76; 95% CI, 2.45-3.11) and all other dementias (RR, 5.85; 95% CI, 5.58-6.13). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this study, mental disorders were associated with the onset of dementia in the population. Ameliorating mental disorders in early life might also ameliorate neurodegenerative conditions and extend quality of life in old age.
FDA petitioned to 'stop homeopathy scam'
Authors: A. A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1994)

FORTY-TWO physicians, pharmacologists, scientists, consumer advocates, and other prominent critics of quackery have asked the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to crack down on the marketing of homeopathic products. In their petition filed August 29, the group formally asks the FDA to require all over-the-counter (OTC) homeopathic drugs to meet the same standards of safety and effectiveness as other OTC drugs. In the meantime, it asks the agency to issue a public warning that, although it permits the sale of these products, it does not recognize any of them as effective. "State and federal laws ban the sale of medicines that have not been proven safe and effective for their intended purposes," says Stephen Barrett, MD, a retired psychiatrist, consumer advocate, and spokesman for the group. "These laws have not been applied to homeopathic remedies. It's time they were. "Public fascination with 'alternative medicine' has boosted homeopathy from a
Expanding the Use of Nephron-Sparing Surgery for Wilms Tumor
Authors: Christopher J. Long, Sameer Mittal, Thomas F. Kolon
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2022)

Radical nephrectomy combined with contemporary chemotherapeutic and radiation therapy protocols has drastically improved outcomes for children with Wilms tumor. Patients with bilateral disease and a syndrome predisposing to tumor development have necessitated the use of nephron-sparing surgery in select cases. Success in managing these patients has increased the indication for partial nephrectomy, although current guidelines for unilateral Wilms tumor are limited. Given that children are being cured with increasing success, recent focus has shifted to long-term health outcomes in addition to tumor treatment. Specifically, renal function has an impact on long-term cardiovascular health and events. Adult outcomes with partial nephrectomy provide a guideline for a paradigm shift in the management of children with Wilms tumor, particularly with advances in imaging and adjuvant therapy. The data are limited for children undergoing partial nephrectomy for unilateral Wilms tumor and outcomes for larger tumors will need to be studied closely in future trials. Increased utilization of neoadjuvant chemotherapy could further expand the number of patients eligible for partial nephrectomy.