tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
79TiP A phase I, open-label, dose escalation, confirmation, and expansion trial of BI 1810631 as monotherapy in patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors with HER2 aberrations
Authors: F. Opdam, J. Heymach, M. Barve, N. Gibson, B. Sadrolhefazi, J. Serra, N. Yamamoto
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2022)
Recurrent Glomus Jugulare Tumor Invading the Cerebellum on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT
Authors: Zeynep Ceren Balaban Genc, Nuh Filizoglu, Salih Ozguven
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2022)

Glomus tumors are rare, slow-growing extra-adrenal paragangliomas of the head and neck. Treatment and prevention of neurological deficits become more difficult as these tumors aggressively grow in size and infiltrate adjacent anatomical structures. Because glomus tumors are paragangliomas of neuroendocrine origin, 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT can be used as imaging method in the diagnosis and follow-up. In this case, we presented a recurrent glomus jugulare tumor that invaded to the cerebellum on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT imaging.
Carcinoma en Cuirasse
Authors: Vinod Sharma, Akash Kumar
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

A 65-year-old man presented with a 7-month history of painless skin thickening over the left side of his chest and on his left arm. Examination showed sclerotic skin changes with lymphedema in the left arm and axillary lymphadenopathy. Examination of a skin-biopsy specimen revealed cutaneous breast cancer metastasis, which indicated a diagnosis of carcinoma en cuirasse.
AKT Degradation Selectively Inhibits the Growth of PI3K/PTEN Pathway–Mutant Cancers with Wild-Type KRAS and BRAF by Destabilizing Aurora Kinase B
Authors: Jia Xu, Xufen Yu, Tiphaine C. Martin, Ankita Bansal, Kakit Cheung, Abigail Lubin, Elias Stratikopoulos, Kaitlyn M. Cahuzac, Li Wang, Ling Xie, Royce Zhou, Yudao Shen, Xuewei Wu, Shen Yao, Ruifang Qiao, Poulikos I. Poulikakos, Xian Chen, Jing Liu, Jian Jin, Ramon Parsons
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2021)

Using a panel of cancer cell lines, we characterized a novel degrader of AKT, MS21. In mutant PI3K-PTEN pathway cell lines, AKT degradation was superior to AKT kinase inhibition for reducing cell growth and sustaining lower signaling over many days. AKT degradation, but not kinase inhibition, profoundly lowered Aurora kinase B (AURKB) protein, which is known to be essential for cell division, and induced G2-M arrest and hyperploidy. PI3K activated AKT phosphorylation of AURKB on threonine 73, which protected it from proteasome degradation. A mutant of AURKB (T73E) that mimics phosphorylation and blocks degradation rescued cells from growth inhibition. Degrader-resistant lines were associated with low AKT phosphorylation, wild-type PI3K/PTEN status, and mutation of KRAS/BRAF. Pan-cancer analysis identified that 19% of cases have PI3K-PTEN pathway mutation without RAS pathway mutation, suggesting that these patients with cancer could benefit from AKT degrader therapy that leads to loss of AURKB. MS21 depletes cells of phosphorylated AKT (pAKT) and a newly identified AKT substrate, AURKB, to inhibit tumor growth in mice. MS21 is superior to prior agents that target PI3K and AKT due to its ability to selectively target active, pAKT and sustain repression of signaling to deplete AURKB. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 2945.
Bone Marrow Metastases From Gastric Adenocarcinoma on 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT
Authors: Yilin Huang, Jianpeng Cao, Dengsai Peng, Huipan Liu, Yue Chen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

A 37-year-old woman complained of fatigue and dizziness for 4 days. Bone marrow biopsy findings were suggestive of digestive tract-derived metastases. 18F-FDG PET/CT revealed mild FDG avidity in the stomach and bone marrow, whereas 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT showed strong FAPI uptake in the FDG-avid lesions. The patient was diagnosed with bone marrow metastases from gastric cancer by a bone marrow biopsy.
Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 delta variant (AY.127) from pet hamsters to humans, leading to onward human-to-human transmission: a case study
Authors: Hui-Ling Yen, Thomas H C Sit, Christopher J Brackman, Shirley S Y Chuk, Haogao Gu, Karina W S Tam, Pierra Y T Law, Gabriel M Leung, Malik Peiris, Leo L M Poon, Samuel M S Cheng, Lydia D J Chang, Pavithra Krishnan, Daisy Y M Ng, Gigi Y Z Liu, Mani M Y Hui, Sin Ying Ho, Wen Su, Sin Fun Sia, Ka-Tim Choy, Sammi S Y Cheuk, Sylvia P N Lau, Amy W Y Tang, Joe C T Koo, Louise Yung
Journal: The Lancet (2022)
Abstract 11454: Unsupervised Machine Learning Identified High-Risk Phenotype in Heart Failure Patients with Syncope
Authors: Chiehju Chao, Pattara Rattanawong, Anil Sriramoju, Maria Cecilia Tagle-Cornell, Laura Koepke, Nway KoKo, Olubadewa Fatunde, Anusha Shanbhag, Timothy Barry, Han-Lun Wu, Win K Shen
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: Syncope was reported to be associated with sudden cardiac death in heart failure patients regardless of the etiology of syncope. We attempted to use unsupervised machine learning to identify the prognostically distinct phenotypes in a large population of heart failure patients presenting with syncope. Hypothesis: Unsupervised machine learning can identify prognostically distinct phenotypes in a large population of heart failure patients presenting with syncope. Methods: Patients with a diagnosis of systolic or diastolic heart failure and syncope at Mayo Clinic sites were identified for baseline and follow-up data. Variables with ≥ 20% missing data were excluded; a total of 57 variables were used for k-means clustering analysis. Patients were grouped according to 4 distinct k-means determined clusters for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 3,557 patients with proper follow-up and echocardiography data were included in the final analysis. The median follow-up duration was 36.3 months, and 2908 (81.7%) patients died. Cluster 2 (n= 680) was identified as the cluster with the highest mortality (92%), which contained patients with high proportions of cardiovascular comorbidities, especially chronic kidney disease. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves are shown in Figure 1. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, the presence of CKD independently predicts mortality (HR 1.62, 95%CI 1.50-1.76, p &lt;0.0001) after adjusting for age and sex. Conclusions: Unsupervised machine learning identified patients with CKD, CAD and DM are high-risk phenotypes in heart failure patients with syncope, and can be used to guide future studies in this highly heterogeneous, unexplored population.
18F-FDG PET/CT Metabolic Response With Hormone Receptor–Positive, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Negative Breast Cancer Treated With Cyclin-Dependent 4/6 Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Nuh Filizoglu, Salih Ozguven, Tanju Yusuf Erdil
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2022)

Dysregulation of the cyclin D-CDK4/6-INK4-RB pathway, which leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation, is frequently observed in breast cancer. Recently, 3 CDK4/6 inhibitors have been FDA approved as first-line treatment for patients with hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer. Despite promising clinical results, the metabolic response to treatment with these new drugs has not been elaborately demonstrated yet. Herein, we presented a patient with hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer who demonstrated a complete metabolic response on 18F-FDG PET/CT to treatment with a CDK4/6 inhibitor (ribociclib).
An off-the-shelf bioadhesive patch for sutureless repair of gastrointestinal defects
Authors: Jingjing Wu, Hyunwoo Yuk, Tiffany L. Sarrafian, Chuan Fei Guo, Leigh G. Griffiths, Christoph S. Nabzdyk, Xuanhe Zhao
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2022)

Surgical sealing and repair of injured and resected gastrointestinal (GI) organs are critical requirements for successful treatment and tissue healing. Despite being the standard of care, hand-sewn closure of GI defects using sutures faces limitations and challenges. In this work, we introduce an off-the-shelf bioadhesive GI patch capable of atraumatic, rapid, robust, and sutureless repair of GI defects. The GI patch integrates a nonadhesive top layer and a dry, bioadhesive bottom layer, resulting in a thin, flexible, transparent, and ready-to-use patch with tissue-matching mechanical properties. The rapid, robust, and sutureless sealing capability of the GI patch is systematically characterized using ex vivo porcine GI organ models. In vitro and in vivo rat models are used to evaluate the biocompatibility and degradability of the GI patch in comparison to commercially available tissue adhesives (Coseal and Histoacryl). To validate the GI patch's efficacy, we demonstrate successful sutureless in vivo sealing and healing of GI defects in rat colon, stomach, and small intestine as well as in porcine colon injury models. The proposed GI patch provides a promising alternative to suture for repair of GI defects and offers potential clinical opportunities for the repair of other organs.
Genomic Landscape and Clinical Utility in Korean Advanced Pan-Cancer Patients from Prospective Clinical Sequencing: K-MASTER Program
Authors: Kyong Hwa Park, Jung Yoon Choi, Ah-Reum Lim, Ju Won Kim, Yoon Ji Choi, Soohyeon Lee, Jae Sook Sung, Hee-Joon Chung, Byunghyun Jang, Dayoung Yoon, Sukwon Kim, Jason K. Sa, Yeul Hong Kim
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2021)

Abstract The fundamental principle of precision oncology is centralized on the identification of therapeutically exploitable targets that provides individual patients with cancer an opportunity to make informed decisions on a personalized level. To facilitate and adopt such concepts within clinical practice, we have initiated a nationwide, multi-institutional precision oncology screening program to examine and enroll patients into the most appropriate clinical trial based on their tumor's unique molecular properties. To determine the prevalence of essential major driver mutations and to explore their dynamic associations at both molecular and pathway levels, we present a comprehensive overview on the genomic properties of East Asian patients with cancer. We further delineate the extent of genomic diversity as well as clinical actionability in patients from Western and Eastern cultures at the pan-cancer and single-tumor entity levels. To support fellow oncology communities in future investigations involving large-scale analysis, all data have been made accessible to the public (https://kmportal.or.kr). Significance: We present a comprehensive overview of molecular properties of East Asian pan-cancer patients and demonstrate significant diversity in terms of genomic characteristics as well as clinical utility compared with patients with European ancestry. The results of this study will lay the groundwork for designing personalized treatments in the clinical setting. See related commentary by Moyers and Subbiah, p. 886. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 873
Autoimmune Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis: Evidence of the Pathogenicity of GM-CSF Antibodies
Authors: Aurélie Le Gal, Alexandre Chabrol, Anne-Laure Brun, Séverine Fraboulet, Louis-Jean Couderc, Hélène Salvator
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2021)

"Autoimmune Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis: Evidence of the Pathogenicity of GM-CSF Antibodies." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 204(12), pp. e134–e135
Coverage of Transvenous Pulmonary Embolectomy — Medicare’s Missed Opportunity for Evidence Generation
Authors: Sanket S. Dhruva, Rita F. Redberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

There is no evidence of clinical benefit associated with catheter-based aspiration thrombectomy for pulmonary embolism. Nevertheless, CMS has ended its national noncoverage policy for the procedure, allowing coverage decisions to be made on a local basis.
Daily Step Counts Are Associated with Hospitalization Risk in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Jennifer Marvin-Peek, Anna Hemnes, Shi Huang, Luke Silverman-Loyd, Grant MacKinnon, Jeffrey Annis, Seth S. Martin, Michael J. Blaha, Evan L. Brittain
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2021)

"Daily Step Counts Are Associated with Hospitalization Risk in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 204(11), pp. 1338–1340
Abstract 11239: Changes in Clinical Outcomes for Patients Enrolled in a Non-Academic Multidisciplinary Cardio-Obstetrics Program
Authors: Gretchen A Benson, Kirsten Shaw, William Wagner, Abbey Sidebottom, Courtney Baechler, Joy Hayes, Brynn Okeson, Retu Saxena
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of maternal death. Maternal mortality has steadily increased in the US. More than 60% of deaths due to CVD are preventable. In 2018, a non-academic multidisciplinary cardio-obstetrics (CVOB) program was formed at a Midwest hospital system. Cardiologists and Maternal Fetal Medicine specialists work together to provide evidence-based care to pregnant women with cardiac risk. To assess program effectiveness, we compared women seen by the CVOB program in 2018/2019 with a sample of pregnant women seen by cardiology in 2016/2017 prior to the program’s inception. Hypothesis: Women seen by the CVOB program will have improved outcomes - measured by gestation at delivery, length of stay (LOS) and readmission rates - over pre-program controls. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of 102 patients who received care from the CVOB program in 2018/2019. These women were matched 1:1 based on mWHO categories with women who were seen by cardiology in 2016/2017. Results: Women who received care in the CVOB program had more cardiology tests during pregnancy relative to pre-program controls (median of 8 tests vs 5; p &lt;0.001). Women in the CVOB program had a longer LOS (median of 3.08 vs 2.55 days; p=0.02). Women in the CVOB program were less likely to have inpatient or ED visits in the 6 months postpartum (24% vs 72%; p &lt;0.001). Gestational age was similar at time of delivery. Conclusions: In a multidisciplinary, non-academic CVOB program; there was a trend towards an increase in LOS after delivery, as well as in increase in ICU utilization. However, there were fewer readmissions or emergency visits in the post-partum period. A multidisciplinary CVOB program is feasible in a non-academic setting. The development of the program led to a decrease in the rates of readmission and ED visits in the postpartum period.
Supporting Physical Activity in Patients and Populations During Life Events and Transitions: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Authors: Abbi D. Lane-Cordova, Gerald J. Jerome, Amanda E. Paluch, Eduardo Esteban Bustamante, Michael J. LaMonte, Russell R. Pate, R. Glenn Weaver, Kashica J. Webber-Ritchey, Bethany Barone Gibbs
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Achieving recommended levels of physical activity is important for optimal cardiovascular health and can help reduce cardiovascular disease risk. Emerging evidence suggests that physical activity fluctuates throughout the life course. Some life events and transitions are associated with reductions in physical activity and, potentially, increases in sedentary behavior. The aim of this scientific statement is to first provide an overview of the evidence suggesting changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior across life events and transitions. A second aim is to provide guidance for health care professionals or public health workers to identify changes and promote physical activity during life events and transitions. We offer a novel synthesis of existing data, including evidence suggesting that some subgroups are more likely to change physical activity behaviors in response to life events and transitions. We also review the evidence that sedentary behavior changes across life events and transitions. Tools for health care professionals to assess physical activity using simple questions or wearable devices are described. We provide strategies for health care professionals to express compassion as they ask about life transitions and initiate conversations about physical activity. Last, resources for life phase-specific, tailored physical activity support are included. Future research needs include a better characterization of physical activity and sedentary behavior across life events and transitions in higher-risk subgroups. Development and testing of interventions designed specifically to combat declines in physical activity or increases in sedentary behavior during life events and transitions is needed to establish or maintain healthy levels of these cardiovascular health-promoting behaviors.
May Different Treatment Volumes and Technical Approaches Have an Impact on Second Malignancies Risk?
Authors: Giulio Francolini, Lucia Pia Ciccone, Vanessa Di Cataldo, Beatrice Detti, Gabriele Simontacchi, Mauro Loi, Monica Mangoni, Isacco Desideri, Icro Meattini, Lorenzo Livi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)
Current Insights Into Respiratory Virus Transmission and Potential Implications for Infection Control Programs
Authors: Michael Klompas, Donald K. Milton, Chanu Rhee, Meghan A. Baker, Surbhi Leekha
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2021)

Policies to prevent respiratory virus transmission in health care settings have traditionally divided organisms into Droplet versus Airborne categories. Droplet organisms (for example, influenza) are said to be transmitted via large respiratory secretions that rapidly fall to the ground within 1 to 2 meters and are adequately blocked by surgical masks. Airborne pathogens (for example, measles), by contrast, are transmitted by aerosols that are small enough and light enough to carry beyond 2 meters and to penetrate the gaps between masks and faces; health care workers are advised to wear N95 respirators and to place these patients in negative-pressure rooms. Respirators and negative-pressure rooms are also recommended when caring for patients with influenza or SARS-CoV-2 who are undergoing "aerosol-generating procedures," such as intubation. An increasing body of evidence, however, questions this framework. People routinely emit respiratory particles in a range of sizes, but most are aerosols, and most procedures do not generate meaningfully more aerosols than ordinary breathing, and far fewer than coughing, exercise, or labored breathing. Most transmission nonetheless occurs at close range because virus-laden aerosols are most concentrated at the source; they then diffuse and dilute with distance, making long-distance transmission rare in well-ventilated spaces. The primary risk factors for nosocomial transmission are community incidence rates, viral load, symptoms, proximity, duration of exposure, and poor ventilation. Failure to appreciate these factors may lead to underappreciation of some risks (for example, overestimation of the protection provided by medical masks, insufficient attention to ventilation) or misallocation of limited resources (for example, reserving N95 respirators and negative-pressure rooms only for aerosol-generating procedures or requiring negative-pressure rooms for all patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection regardless of stage of illness). Enhanced understanding of the factors governing respiratory pathogen transmission may inform the development of more effective policies to prevent nosocomial transmission of respiratory pathogens.
A new risk-assessment tool for venous thromboembolism in advanced lung cancer: a prospective, observational study
Authors: Yukari Tsubata, Takamasa Hotta, Kosuke Hamai, Naoki Furuya, Toshihide Yokoyama, Ryota Saito, Atsushi Nakamura, Takeshi Masuda, Megumi Hamaguchi, Shoichi Kuyama, Ryoichi Honda, Tadashi Senoo, Masamoto Nakanishi, Masahiro Yamasaki, Nobuhisa Ishikawa, Kazunori Fujitaka, Tetsuya Kubota, Kunihiko Kobayashi, Takeshi Isobe
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2022)

Abstract Management of cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) is essential in treatment selection and cancer prognosis. However, to date, there is no method to assess the risk of VTE specifically associated with advanced lung cancer. Our aim was to create a new risk assessment scoring system that can predict the concomitant or incidence of VTE in advanced lung cancer. We used the dataset of 1008 patients with lung cancer in the Rising-VTE/NEJ037 study, of which 100 (9.9%) developed VTE. The items extracted in the multivariate analysis included female sex, adenocarcinoma, performance status, N factor, lymphocyte count, platelet count, prothrombin fragment 1 + 2, and diastolic blood pressure. This model had a maximum score of 8 points, with ≥ 5 points indicating a high risk of VTE. This simple risk-assessment model for VTE complications with advanced lung cancer could help identify cases that required monitoring for VTE.
Abstract EP60: Modification Effects Of Migraine Status And Stress Level On The Relationship Between Sleep Disturbance And 10-year Cardiovascular Disease Risk In Hong Kong Women
Authors: TIAN Longben, Yao J Xie
Journal: Circulation (2022)

Background: Evidence has shown that worse sleep disturbance, frequent migraine attacks, and higher stress level predicted the higher cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) risk. Also, the significant associations between migraine, stress, and sleep quality have been identified in many previous studies. The purpose of this study was to explore the modification effects of migraine status and stress level on the relationship between sleep disturbance and 10-year CVDs risk in a sample of Hong Kong Chinese women. Method: Data were analyzed from the Hong Kong Women's Health Study 2019, a cross-sectional survey conducted in Hong Kong female nurses aged 30 years and above between 2019 and 2020. Mailed questionnaires were used for data collection. Sleep quality and stress level were measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), respectively. The ID Migraine™ screening and doctor-diagnosed migraine that reported by the nurses were used together to identify the migraineurs. The 10-year CVDs risk was calculated by the Framingham 10-year risk score (FRS). The modification effect was tested by the stratified analysis and multiple linear regression model. Result: In total, 1,344 nurses with a mean age of 46.12 (SD=10.47) were involved in the study. Twenty-one percent of them had migraine and 29.6% had moderate or high level of stress (PSS score &gt; 28). Among 704 (52.4%) participants who had poor sleep quality (Global PSQI score &gt; 5), 96.9% of them had sleep disturbance. The mean score of FRS was 3.6% (3.3%), and 5.1% of the participants had a high level of CVDs risk (FRS≥10%). After adjusting of educational level, employment status, daily fruit and vegetable consumption, postmenopausal status and family history of CVDs, the sleep disturbance score was significantly associated with FRS [β=0.005; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.003-0.010]. The stronger sleep disturbance-FRS association was observed among migraineurs (β=0.009; 95% CI: 0.004-0.013) and those with moderate or high level of stress (β=0.008; 95% CI: 0.004-0.013). Conclusion: Migraine status and stress level modified the strength of association between sleep disturbance and 10-year CVDs risk. Among nurses who had sleep disturbance, migraine and high level of stress aggravated the 10-year CVDs risk.
56P Simultaneous tissue and liquid next-generation sequencing after first-line EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors resistance in advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Y-T. Lin, C-C. Ho, W-H. Hsu, W-Y. Liao, C-Y. Yang, K.T. Tan, W. Hsiao, J-Y. Shih
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2022)