tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The evolution of knowledge during the Cambrian explosion
Authors: Walter Veit
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2021)

Abstract Phillips et al. make a compelling case for a reversal in the current paradigm in “other minds” research by considering the representation of other people's knowledge more basic than the attribution of belief. Unfortunately, they only discuss primates. In this commentary, I argue that the representation of others' knowledge is an evolutionary ancient trait, first appearing during the Cambrian explosion.
High-dose verapamile against restenosis after PTCA: The European Multicenter VESPA study Hans-Peter Bestehorn, Helmut Roskamm, Peter St�rzenhofecker, Eberhard Hodenberg, Antoine Verdun, Jean P. Monassier. Herz-Zentrum Bad Krozingen, Bad Krozingen, Germany
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Beta-blocker Medicines for Older People after Heart Attack
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Summaries for Patients2 November 1999Beta-blocker Medicines for Older People after Heart AttackSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-9-199911020-00034 SectionsAboutFull Text ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?Beta-blockers, a type of medicine that slows the heart rate, improve how well people do after a coronary heart attack. The earlier that heart attack patients get β-blockers, the better they seem to do. Ideally, doctors should prescribe these medicines as soon after the heart attack as possible, but this may not be happening as often as it should.Why did the researchers do this particular study?The researchers wanted to find out three things: 1) How often did patients older than 65 years of age actually get ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled “Early -Blocker Therapy for Acute Myocardial Infarction in Elderly Patients.” It is in the 2 November 1999 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 131, pages 648-654). The authors are H.M. Krumholz, M.J. Radford, Y. Wang, J. Chen, and T.A. Marciniak.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoEarly β-Blocker Therapy for Acute Myocardial Infarction in Elderly Patients Harlan M. Krumholz , Martha J. Radford , Yun Wang , Jersey Chen , and Thomas A. Marciniak Metrics Cited byAcute Coronary Syndromes in the Elderly 2 November 1999Volume 131, Issue 9Page: 648KeywordsChartsDrug therapyDrugsElderlyHeart rateHospital medicineHospitalizationsMedical conditionsMedicareMyocardial infarction ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 2 November 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Nanoplateletsomes restrain metastatic tumor formation through decoy and active targeting in a preclinical mouse model
Authors: Longlong Zhang, Yuefei Zhu, Xunbin Wei, Xing Chen, Yang Li, Ying Zhu, Jiaxuan Xia, Yiheng Huang, Yongzhuo Huang, Jianxin Wang, Zhiqing Pang
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2022)

Platelets buoy up cancer metastasis via arresting cancer cells, enhancing their adhesion, and facilitating their extravasation through the vasculature. When deprived of intracellular and granular contents, platelet decoys could prevent metastatic tumor formation. Inspired by these, we developed nanoplatesomes by fusing platelet membranes with lipid membranes (P-Lipo) to restrain metastatic tumor formation more efficiently. It was shown nanoplateletsomes bound with circulating tumor cells (CTC) efficiently, interfered with CTC arrest by vessel endothelial cells, CTC extravasation through endothelial layers, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of tumor cells as nanodecoys. More importantly, in the mouse breast tumor metastasis model, nanoplateletsomes could decrease CTC survival in the blood and counteract metastatic tumor growth efficiently by inhibiting the inflammation and suppressing CTC escape. Therefore, nanoplatelesomes might usher in a new avenue to suppress lung metastasis.
Cholesterol Microdomain Enhances the Biofilm Eradication of Antibiotic Liposomes
Authors: Jianjun Xie, Zhiping Meng, Xingxing Han, Sipan Li, Xinai Ma, Xuanyu Chen, Yinmei Liang, Xiaomin Deng, Kexin Xia, Yue Zhang, Huaxu Zhu, Tingming Fu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2022)

Abstract Resistance and tolerance of biofilms to antibiotics is the greatest challenge in the treatment of bacterial infections. Therefore, developing an effective strategy against biofilms is a top priority. Liposomes are widely used as antibiotic drug carriers; however, common liposomes lack affinity for biofilms. Herein, biofilm‐targeted antibiotic liposomes are created by simply adjusting their cholesterol content. The tailored liposomes exhibit significantly enhanced bacterial inhibition and biofilm eradication effects that are positively correlated with the cholesterol content of liposomes. The experiments further demonstrate that this enhanced effect can be ascribed to the effective drug release through the pores, which are formed by the combination of cholesterol microdomains in liposomal lipid bilayers with membrane‐damaged toxins in biofilms. Consequently, liposome encapsulation with a high cholesterol concentration improves noticeably the pharmacodynamics and biocompatibility of antibiotics after pulmonary administration. This work may provide a new direction for the development of antibiofilm formulations that can be widely used for the treatment of infections caused by bacterial biofilms.
Effect of coronary plaque calcification on the final lumen dimensions after stenting without rotational atherectomy: An intravascular ultrasound study Yoshio Kobayashi, Roxana Mehran, George Dangas, Issam Moussa, Andrea S. Abizad, Alexandre Abizad, Milena Adamian, Gishel New, Alexandra J. Lansky, Gary S. Roubin, Sriram Iyer, Gregg W. Stone, Jeffrey W. Moses, Martin B. Leon. Lenox Hill Heart and Vascular Institute, New York, NY
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Art and medicine. Dr. Johnson's dropsy
Authors: L. C. McHenry
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The visual arts in the late 18th century reached a new sophistication in the wax portraits and scenic panels created by such artists as Samuel Percy (1750-1820).<sup>1</sup>A Dubliner, Percy had begun dabbling with wax as a child. By the early 1770's he had achieved considerable reputation for his portraits in colored wax. When he came to London in 1777, he had won such acclaim that he became medallion modeler to His Majesty the King. Percy exhibited at the Royal Academy several times and here met Sir Joshua Reynolds and other London notables, most likely including Dr. Samuel Johnson (1709-1784). Although Percy's original medallions and portraits brought him fame, in the latter part of the century his creativity expanded and he began adding new features to his work. For example, he would place the lifelike model in his favorite room complete with furniture and with the scenery modeled in
Water and sanitation in a post-COVID world
Authors: None The Lancet Global Health
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2020)

Like many such events, this year's World Water Week (Aug 24–28) conference will now be taking place virtually. Convened by the Stockholm International Water Institute, the meeting gathers scientists, business leaders, and policy makers, as well as civil society, to engage on one of the world's most pressing set of challenges.
Authors' reply
Authors: David Baud, Karin Nielsen-Saines, Xiaolong Qi, Didier Musso, Léo Pomar, Guillaume Favre
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2020)

8043 cases are still open, of which 2622 are serious or critical.According to Wu and McGoogan's estimates based on 72 314 cases from Wuhan, 4 81% of patients are classified as mild, 14% as severe, and 5% as critical.CFRs in these subgroups are 0%, 0%, and 49%, respectively.Based on these estimates, of 8043 open cases in China, about 377 are in a critical condition and of those 184 will die.Therefore, once all active cases are closed, we might expect the CFR in China to be around 3•85%.On a technical note, Baud and colleagues' calculation seems to be an attempt at reporting the cumulative death rate, which is defined as "the proportion of a group that dies over a specified time", rather than the mortality rate. 2 In summary, the CFR calculated per total cases seems to remain the best tool to express the fatality of the disease, even though it might underestimate this figure in the initial phase of an outbreak.
The Officers of the Massachusetts Medical Society for 1931–1932
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1931)

cess, which must be economical, if the result corresponds with the account of the inventor.He introduces eighteen parts of prussiate of potass and iron, reduced to a very fine powder, into a small tubulated glass retort, taking care not to soil the neck or side.He adapts to this vessel a very small tubulated balloon, furnished with a conducting tube, which he plunges into the first flask, containing a little distilled water.The rest of the appa- ratus is contrived so as to avoid absorption.This being done, he pours into the retort a cold mixture, of nine parts of concen- trated sulphuric acid and twelve parts of water.The tube of the retort is to be hermetically secured ; the whole left at rest for twelve hours, at the commencement of which the balloon is to be surrounded with ice ; the neck of the retort is to be con- stantly cooled with wet cloths ; afterwards the materials are to- be heated with some burning charcoal, and preserved in this state until the streaks, which are observed in the neck of the retort, become more rare, and until a blue vapour arises, which threatens to pass into the receiver.At this point, the heat is immediately discontinued ; the apparatus is allowed to cool en- tirely, and the contents of the receiver are poured into a proper vessel.The hydrocyanic acid obtained by this process has a strong and penetrating odour; the specific gravity is from 0.898 to 0.900, at the temperature of 13 or 14 of Reaumur; it like- wise possesses, according to M. Pessena, all the properties of the purest prussic acid.'-(Giornalede Física, 1822.)M.
Reduction of free radicals production at reoxygenation after anoxia in chronically paced embryonic chick heart Xavier H. Lyon, Lukas Kappenberger, Kucera Pavel, Anne C. Rochat, Eric Raddatz. Division of Cardiology, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland, Institute of Physiology, Lausanne, Switzerland
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
THE MEDICAL PROGRESS OF TWENTY-FIVE YEARS.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Targeting the Meningeal Compartment to Resolve Chemobrain and Neuropathy via Nasal Delivery of Functionalized Mitochondria
Authors: Jenolyn F. Alexander, Rajasekaran Mahalingam, Alexandre V. Seua, Suhong Wu, Luis D. Arroyo, Tina Hörbelt, Manfred Schedlowski, Elvin Blanco, Annemieke Kavelaars, Cobi J. Heijnen
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2022)

Cognitive deficits (chemobrain) and peripheral neuropathy occur in ∼75% of patients treated for cancer with chemotherapy and persist long-term in >30% of survivors. Without preventive or curative interventions and with increasing survivorship rates, the population debilitated by these neurotoxicities is rising. Platinum-based chemotherapeutics, including cisplatin, induce neuronal mitochondrial defects leading to chemobrain and neuropathic pain. This study investigates the capacity of nasally administered mesenchymal stem cell-derived mitochondria coated with dextran-triphenylphosphonium polymer (coated mitochondria) to reverse these neurotoxicities. Nasally administered coated mitochondria are rapidly detectable in macrophages in the brain meninges but do not reach the brain parenchyma. The coated mitochondria change expression of >2400 genes regulating immune, neuronal, endocrine and vascular pathways in the meninges of mice treated with cisplatin. Nasal administration of coated mitochondria reverses cisplatin-induced cognitive deficits and resolves neuropathic pain at a >55-times lower dose compared to uncoated mitochondria. Reversal of these neuropathologies is associated with resolution of cisplatin-induced deficits in myelination, synaptosomal mitochondrial integrity and neurogenesis. These findings demonstrate that nasally administered coated mitochondria promote resolution of chemobrain and peripheral neuropathy, thereby identifying a novel facile strategy for clinical application of mitochondrial donation and treating central and peripheral nervous system pathologies by targeting the brain meninges.
Medical preparedness: the Olympic watchwords
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1979)

The first radio message came into the Lake Placid (NY) Olympic Medical Operations Center at 9 AM from the ski jump area 1.6 km away. It was bad news. New York National Guard medical personnel at the scene radioed that a competitor had lost her balance while executing a 90-m jump in the Olympic ski competition. She landed head-first in the snow, was unconscious for about two minutes, and now said that she could not move her arms or legs, which felt numb. The examining physician suspected a cervical fracture and requested evacuation by helicopter to the University of Vermont Medical Center in Burlington, about 30 minutes away by air. While Lake Placid Olympic Organizing Committee, National Guard, and Army medical and communications experts were coping with the problem, another radio call crackled through from the base of Whiteface Mountain, 16 km away. A spectator at the alpine
TCT-146 The Effect of Drug-Eluting Stents on Clinical and Angiographic Outcomes in Renal Failure Patients with Dialysis: Multicenter Registry in Asia
Authors: Sunao Nakamura, Hisao Ogawa, Jang-Ho Bae, Yeo Cahyadi, Wasan Udayachalerm, Damras Tresukosol, Sudaratana Tansuphaswadikul
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Lessons from Love Canal
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Bad press for doctors has not increased
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Nil by mouth" after gastrointestinal surgery may be harmfulEarly feeding after gastrointestinal surgery reduces the risk of infections and shortens length of stay in hospital.Lewis and colleagues (p 773) systematically reviewed the evidence from randomised controlled trials that compared early feeding with management by "nil by mouth" after elective gastrointestinal surgery.The authors argue that keeping patients nil by mouth may do more harm than good and that a large trial is required to confirm or refute the benefits of early feeding that were seen in small trials.
Frontcover
Journal: IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering (2022)

A sample of respiration monitoring methods: (a) end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2) [13], (b) pulse oximetry (SpO2) [14], (c) transcutaneous monitoring [15], (d) neck worn acoustic monitor [16], (e) arterial blood gas analysis (ABG) [17], (f) capillary blood gas (CBG) [18], (g) electrical impedance tomography (EIT) [19], and (h) piezoelectric monitor [20].Image and full caption available from Costanzo et al., on page 104.
Make war not love: The neural substrate underlying a state-dependent switch in female social behavior
Authors: Mengyu Liu, Dong-Wook Kim, Hongkui Zeng, David J. Anderson
Journal: Neuron (2022)

Female mice exhibit opposing social behaviors toward males depending on their reproductive state: virgins display sexual receptivity (lordosis behavior), while lactating mothers attack. How a change in reproductive state produces a qualitative switch in behavioral response to the same conspecific stimulus is unknown. Using single-cell RNA-seq, we identify two distinct subtypes of estrogen receptor-1-positive neurons in the ventrolateral subdivision of the female ventromedial hypothalamus (VMHvl) and demonstrate that they causally control sexual receptivity and aggressiveness in virgins and lactating mothers, respectively. Between- and within-subject bulk-calcium recordings from each subtype reveal that aggression-specific cells acquire an increased responsiveness to social cues during the transition from virginity to maternity, while the responsiveness of the mating-specific population appears unchanged. These results demonstrate that reproductive-state-dependent changes in the relative activity of transcriptomically distinct neural subtypes can underlie categorical switches in behavior associated with physiological state changes.
Flood-Related Mortality—Georgia, July 4-14, 1994
Journal: JAMA (1994)

On July 3, 1994, tropical storm Alberto struck the Florida panhandle with maximum sustained winds of 60 miles per hour. On July 4, as the center of the storm deteriorated over Columbus, Georgia, a cold front pushed through Alabama and southwestern Georgia from the northwest, producing warm, moist air and unstable weather resulting in heavy, prolonged thunderstorms. Rainfall totals in some areas of south central Georgia were 12-15 inches during a 24-hour period; Americus, Georgia, recorded 24 inches on July 6 (W. Zaleski, National Weather Service, personal communication, 1994). Several rivers, cresting up to 20 feet above flood stage, inundated major portions of the state. Flood waters forced closure of 175 roads in 30 counties, and more than 100 dams and recreational watersheds were either damaged or destroyed. Forty-three (27%) of Georgia's 159 counties were declared federal disaster areas, and seven additional counties were declared state disaster areas. This report summarizes preliminary findings of surveillance for deaths associated with the floods.
Physician payment reform: an idea whose time has come
Authors: P. R. Lee
Journal: JAMA (1988)

The articles by Hsiao and associates<sup>1-9</sup>in this issue ofTHE JOURNALon the development of a Resource-Based Relative Value Scale (RBRVS) are certain to stir controversy among physicians. Because of growing dissatisfaction with Medicare's "customary, prevailing, and reasonable" method of determining payments to physicians, Congress in 1984 mandated a study of relative values. In 1986, Congress also established the Physician Payment Review Commission to advise it on reforms in Medicare's methods of physician payment. <h3>Physician Payment Reform</h3> The customary, prevailing, and reasonable method has been criticized by many for encouraging fee inflation and causing serious distortions in the relative payments for different types of services and across geographic areas.<sup>10-14</sup>It has given practicing physicians inappropriate economic signals concerning how to practice, what specialty to choose, and in which locality to set up a practice, as well as causing inequities among them. Finally, the customary, prevailing, and reasonable
Integrating artificial intelligence in bedside care for covid-19 and future pandemics
Authors: Michael Yu, An Tang, Kip Brown, Rima Bouchakri, Pascal St-Onge, Sheng Wu, John Reeder, Louis Mullie, Michaël Chassé
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Integrating artificial intelligence in bedside care for covid-19 and future pandemics Michael Yu and colleagues examine the challenges in developing AI tools for use at point of care T he covid-19 pandemic created unprecedented challenges for both clinicians and healthcare institutions.Adapting to a rapidly emerging disease while facing staff and material shortages prompted difficult decisions on how best to allocate resources.Artificial intelligence (AI) rapidly moved to the forefront of the effort to adapt our healthcare systems to coping with covid-19.Hundreds of new models were developed, promising best solutions for all aspects of patient care from diagnostics to therapeutics and logistics.Yet only a small minority of these models were deployed, and none became widely adopted. 1 2 We argue that the covid-19 pandemic exposed flaws in the technological, institutional, and ethical foundations upon which AI must build to considerably improve bedside care.If AI is to be part of a rapid response to future health crises, the challenges that it faced during the covid-19 pandemic must be carefully analysed and overcome.AI is a branch of computer science that uses data and algorithms to extract meaning in a way that is characteristic of intelligent beings-that is, turning data into effective decision making processes.Research applications of AI in medicine have already emerged far and wide-for example, in drug discovery and modelling of complex biological systems.By contrast, efforts to integrate AI into everyday clinical care have had minimal success, despite the comparatively simple nature of the problems: optimising patient trajectories, maximising use of existing facilities, or determining when and how to reallocate resources.We surmise that this translational gap, which was magnified by the covid-19 pandemic, is due to the nature of the underlying data, the infrastructure through which they emerge, and the human context in which they occur.By understanding the influence of these factors on the chances of success of AI, healthcare systems can improve their readiness for future crises.