tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Remarks on Battey's Operation
Authors: J. M. Sims
Journal: BMJ (1877)

was the first to call our attention specially to ovaritis, to point out its influence on the general health, and to lay down rules for its treatment.But, notwithstanding the additions he made to our knowledge on this subject, we constantly see cases of ovaritis, so-called, which baffle our best efforts and-are hopelessly in- curable.In some cases, we find continued ovarian pain and exacerbations of suffering at the menstrual epoch that are almost unbearable.Now and then, this ovarian trouble produces such violent disturbance of the vascular and nervous systems, that life is jeopardised.Occasionally, it terminates in epilepsy or insanity, and ulti- mately in death.
Prenatal Exposure to Antipsychotics−Handle With Caution
Authors: Huang-Lung Tsou, Mu-Hong Chen, Chih-Sung Liang
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
P43.05 WITHDRAWN
Authors: Y Takanashi, S Sato, H Tao, T Kahyo, A Kawase, H Sugimura, K Funai, N Shiiya, M Setou, N Liang, L Liu, P Li, Y Xu, Y Hou, J Peng, Y Song, Z Bing, Y Wang, Z Jia, X Yang, D Li, H Xu, Q Yu, S Li, Z Hu, Y Yang
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Hepatitis B carriers in the classroom
Authors: S. Krugman
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Ten years have elapsed since enactment of the Congressional Education for All Handicapped Children Act (PL94-142). This legislation mandated public education for children with retarded mental development as well as for those with other handicaps. During the past decade many thousands of children, formerly residents of large state institutions, have been admitted to special education classes in public and private schools throughout the nation. Extensive seroepidemiological surveys by many investigators have revealed that the risk of a child contracting hepatitis B in a large state institution may range between 50% and 90%. Moreover, about 5% to 20% of those infected may become hepatitis B carriers.<sup>1,2</sup>In contrast, mentally retarded children who have lived at home since birth have the same negligible risk of infection as do normal children. Thus, more than 95% of these children are susceptible. Extrapolating from extensive serologic studies in blood donors, it is likely that
Tobacco: promotion and smoking
Authors: M. Males
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —DiFranza et al<sup>1</sup>and Pierce et al<sup>2</sup>show that Camel cigarette advertising inclines young smokers to choose that brand. Yet from 1986 to 1990, coincident with Camel's promotion of its Old Joe logo, neither national surveys<sup>3</sup>nor the authors' own data show any real growth in teenage smoking. The comparison by Pierce et al of 1986 US and 1990 California data also indicates that the switch to Camels did not coincide with any smoking increase among 18- to 29-year-olds compared with older age groups. The five-state sample of DiFranza et al further shows that despite exposure of nearly all youth to $3 billion in deceptively alluring cigarette ads every year, 70% to 80% continue to reject smoking, as in prior years. Alarms of a new army of advertising-recruited child smokers are unwarranted by the available evidence. The literature is replete with exuberant findings, later
Association of Medicaid Reimbursement for Immediate Postpartum Long-acting Reversible Contraception With Infant Birth Outcomes
Authors: Maria W. Steenland, Lydia E. Pace, Jessica L. Cohen
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2022)

<h3>Importance</h3> Together, preterm birth and low birth weight are the second-leading cause of infant mortality in the US and occur disproportionately among Medicaid-paid births and among the infants of Black birthing persons. In 2012, South Carolina's Medicaid program began to reimburse hospitals for immediate postpartum long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) separately from the global maternity payment. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine the association between South Carolina's policy change and infant health. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This population-based cohort study using a difference-in-differences analysis included individuals with a South Carolina Medicaid-paid childbirth between January 2009 and December 2015. Data were analyzed from December 2020 to July 2021. <h3>Exposures</h3> Medicaid-paid childbirth after March 2012 in South Carolina hospitals that had implemented the policy. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Immediate postpartum LARC uptake, subsequent birth within 4 years, subsequent short-interval birth, days to subsequent birth, subsequent preterm, and low-birth-weight birth within 4 years. <h3>Results</h3> The study sample included 186 953 Medicaid-paid births between January 2009 and December 2015 in South Carolina (81 110 births from 2009 to 2011, 105 843 births from 2012 to 2015, and 46 414 births in exposure hospitals). The policy was associated with an absolute 5.6–percentage point (95% CI, 3.7-7.4) increase in the probability of receiving an immediate postpartum LARC overall, with significantly larger effects for non-Hispanic Black individuals than non-Hispanic White individuals (difference in coefficients 3.54; 95% CI, 1.35-5.73;<i>P</i> = .002). The policy was associated with a 0.4–percentage point (95% CI, −0.7 to −0.1) decrease in the probability of subsequent preterm birth and a 0.3–percentage point (95% CI, −0.7 to 0) decrease in the probability of subsequent low birth weight. No significant difference in the association between the policy and preterm birth or low-birth-weight birth between non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White individuals was found. The policy was associated with a 0.6–percentage point (95% CI, −1.2 to −0.1) decrease in the probability of short-interval birth and a 27-day (95% CI, 11-44) increase in days to next birth among non-Hispanic Black individuals. The policy was associated with a significant decrease in the probability of a subsequent birth overall; however, confidence in this result is attenuated somewhat by nonparallel trends for this outcome before the policy change. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Findings of this cohort study suggest policies increasing access to immediate postpartum LARC may improve birth outcomes but should be accompanied by other policy efforts to reduce inequity in these outcomes.
SKI Controls MDS-Associated Chronic TGFb Signaling, Aberrant Splicing, and Stem Cell Fitness
Authors: David Muench, Kyle Ferchen, Chinavenmeni S. Velu, Kith Pradhan, Kashish Chetal, Clemencia Colmenares, Amit Verma, Nathan Salomonis, H. Leighton Grimes
Journal: Blood (2018)
Machine learning optimized polygenic scores for blood cell traits identify sex-specific trajectories and genetic correlations with disease
Authors: Yu Xu, Dragana Vuckovic, Scott C. Ritchie, Parsa Akbari, Tao Jiang, Jason Grealey, Adam S. Butterworth, Willem H. Ouwehand, David J. Roberts, Emanuele Di Angelantonio, John Danesh, Nicole Soranzo, Michael Inouye
Journal: Cell Genomics (2022)

Genetic association studies for blood cell traits, which are key indicators of health and immune function, have identified several hundred associations and defined a complex polygenic architecture. Polygenic scores (PGSs) for blood cell traits have potential clinical utility in disease risk prediction and prevention, but designing PGS remains challenging and the optimal methods are unclear. To address this, we evaluated the relative performance of 6 methods to develop PGS for 26 blood cell traits, including a standard method of pruning and thresholding (P + T) and 5 learning methods: LDpred2, elastic net (EN), Bayesian ridge (BR), multilayer perceptron (MLP) and convolutional neural network (CNN). We evaluated these optimized PGSs on blood cell trait data from UK Biobank and INTERVAL. We find that PGSs designed using common machine learning methods EN and BR show improved prediction of blood cell traits and consistently outperform other methods. Our analyses suggest EN/BR as the top choices for PGS construction, showing improved performance for 25 blood cell traits in the external validation, with correlations with the directly measured traits increasing by 10%-23%. Ten PGSs showed significant statistical interaction with sex, and sex-specific PGS stratification showed that all of them had substantial variation in the trajectories of blood cell traits with age. Genetic correlations between the PGSs for blood cell traits and common human diseases identified well-known as well as new associations. We develop machine learning-optimized PGS for blood cell traits, demonstrate their relationships with sex, age, and disease, and make these publicly available as a resource.
Medical care for adults with developmental disabilities
Authors: A. C. Crocker
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Adults with significant mental retardation and other developmental disabilities, living in the community, have now emerged as a special group deserving particular attention regarding the provision of appropriate short- and long-term medical care.<sup>1</sup>Long-overdue improvements have taken place in the life circumstances of these individuals, so that the majority of adults with retardation, including those with severe disabilities, now live either with their families, in small group residences in the cities and towns, or in supported apartments. A number of factors exist that make the delivery of health care for such adults more challenging for community physicians. These may include the presence of complex clinical presentations, such as birth defects or syndromes that are often unfamiliar to internists and other physicians for adults; frequent, serious functional nervous system handicaps; and occasional atypical behavioral responses. Further, history taking and access to earlier records may be difficult, extra time is required
Abstract P145: Ideal Cardiovascular Health and Incidence of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in a Large Integrated Health Care System
Authors: Jamal S Rana, Jennifer Liu, Howard Moffet, Andrew J Karter, Marc Jaffe, Alan S Go, Stephen Sidney
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: The American Heart Association (AHA) introduced the concept of cardiovascular health (CVH) and defined “ideal,” “intermediate,” and “poor” CVH categories for adults based on cardiovascular disease risk factors and health behaviors. We sought to examine the association between these levels of CVH and incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events in a large diverse population. Methods: In a large integrated healthcare delivery system in Northern California , we gathered 6 AHA metrics (smoking status, physical activity, body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol, and blood glucose) during 2013-2014, graded on a scale of 0 to 2, with 2 indicating "ideal" status, 1 "intermediate" status, and 0 "poor" status. Points were summed to define three categories of Poor (0-6), Intermediate (7-9) and Ideal (10-12) CVH. ASCVD was defined as non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), fatal coronary heart disease (CHD) and fatal and non-fatal stroke from electronic medical records and state death certificates during 2015. Incident ASCVD rates per 100,000 person-years were calculated. Results: Among 1,103,583 adult members (55.5% female) receiving outpatient care with all 6 metrics, there were 194,957 (17.7%) age 18-39, 585,449 (53.0%) age 40-64, and 323,177 (29.3%) age &gt;65 years. There were 74,737 (6.8%) Blacks, 171,058 (15.5%) Hispanics and 225,303 (20.4%) Asian/Pacific Islanders. Poor CVH was present in 240,831 (21.8%), Intermediate in 584,013 (52.9%) and Ideal CVH in 278,739 (25.3%). During 2015, incidence of overall ASCVD, CHD (non-fatal MI and fatal CHD) and stroke (fatal and non-fatal stoke) was lower with better CVH metrics (p &lt; 0.0001 for trend) (Figure). Conclusions: In a diverse “real world” population, a significantly lower incident of ASCVD was noted among individuals with Ideal CVH. This indicates continued need for large scale efforts to track and improve cardiovascular risk factors and behaviors.
Pathophysiology of blood brain barrier dysfunction during chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in vascular cognitive impairment
Authors: Vismitha Rajeev, David Y. Fann, Quynh Nhu Dinh, Hyun Ah Kim, T. Michael De Silva, Mitchell K.P. Lai, Christopher Li-Hsian Chen, Grant R. Drummond, Christopher G. Sobey, Thiruma V. Arumugam
Journal: Theranostics (2022)

The prevalence of cerebrovascular disease increases with age, placing the elderly at a greater lifetime risk for dementia. Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) encompasses a spectrum of cognitive deficits from mild cognitive impairment to dementia. VCI and its most severe form, vascular dementia (VaD), is becoming a major public health concern worldwide. As growing efforts are being taken to understand VCI and VaD in animal models and humans, the pathogenesis of the disease is being actively explored. It is postulated that chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is a major cause of VCI. CCH activates a molecular and cellular injury cascade that leads to breakdown of the blood brain barrier (BBB) and neurodegeneration. The BBB tightly regulates the movement of substances between the blood and the brain, thereby regulating the microenvironment within the brain parenchyma. Here we illustrate how BBB damage is causal in the pathogenesis of VCI through the increased activation of pathways related to excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation and matrix metalloproteinases that lead to downstream perivascular damage, leukocyte infiltration and white matter changes in the brain. Thus, CCH-induced BBB damage may initiate and contribute to a vicious cycle, resulting in progressive neuropathological changes of VCI in the brain. This review outlines the molecular and cellular mechanisms that govern BBB breakdown during CCH and highlights the clinical evidence in identifying at-risk VCI patients.
Syngeneic Tumor-Host Relationship
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

Syngeneic Tumor-Host Relationship JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 72, Issue 4, April 1984, Pages 775–776, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/72.4.775-a Published: 01 April 1984
Klinik und Therapie der Magen-Dramkrankheiten
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Colon Polyps and Cancer
Authors: O Kronborg
Journal: Endoscopy (2000)

Several important studies on screening for colorectal neoplasia were published in 1998-99, including average-risk as well as high-risk groups, and different strategies such as endoscopy, fecal occult blood tests, and other more specific markers of neoplasia. Some of these studies included the use of interventions other than initial screening and polypectomy; a few dealt with diagnostic methods in symptomatic patients, and the new diagnostic tool of virtual colonoscopy was highlighted by several authors. Endoscopic treatment for large adenomas and early colorectal cancer has become more widespread, but clearly it has limitations. Current discussion of the topic of colorectal polyps and cancer is largely based on the concept of the adenoma-carcinoma sequence, which is thought to be the most probable pathogenesis for colorectal cancer.
Sugemalimab versus placebo, in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy, as first-line treatment of metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (GEMSTONE-302): interim and final analyses of a double-blind, randomised, phase 3 clinical trial
Authors: Caicun Zhou, Ziping Wang, Yuping Sun, Lejie Cao, Zhiyong Ma, Rong Wu, Yan Yu, Wenxiu Yao, Jianhua Chang, Jianhua Chen, Wu Zhuang, Jiuwei Cui, Xueqin Chen, You Lu, Hong Shen, Jingru Wang, Peiqi Li, Mengmeng Qin, Dongmei Lu, Jason Yang
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2022)
Clinical, histological and molecular profiling of different stages of alcohol-related liver disease
Authors: Meritxell Ventura-Cots, Josepmaria Argemi, Patricia D Jones, Carolin Lackner, Mohamed El Hag, Juan G Abraldes, Edilmar Alvarado, Ana Clemente, Samhita Ravi, Antonio Alves, Mohamed Alboraie, Jose Altamirano, Sergio Barace, Francisco Bosques, Robert Brown, Juan Caballeria, Joaquin Cabezas, Sofia Carvalhana, Helena Cortez-Pinto, Adilia Costa, Delphine Degré, Carlos Fernandez-Carrillo, Nathalie Ganne-Carrie, Guadalupe Garcia-Tsao, Joan Genesca, John Koskinas, Nicolas Lanthier, Alexandre Louvet, Juan José Lozano, Michael R Lucey, Steven Masson, Philippe Mathurin, Nahum Mendez-Sanchez, Rosa Miquel, Christophe Moreno, Taofic Mounajjed, Gemma Odena, Won Kim, Pau Sancho-Bru, R Warren Sands, Justyna Szafranska, Laurine Verset, Bern Schnabl, Christine Sempoux, Vijay Shah, Debbie Lindsay Shawcross, Rudolf E Stauber, Beate K Straub, Elizabeth Verna, Dina Tiniakos, Eric Trépo, Victor Vargas, Càndid Villanueva, John T Woosley, Marianne Ziol, Sebastian Mueller, Peter Stärkel, Ramon Bataller
Journal: Gut (2022)

Objective Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) ranges from never-decompensated ALD (ndALD) to the life-threatening decompensated phenotype, known as alcohol-related hepatitis (AH). A multidimensional study of the clinical, histological and molecular features of these subtypes is lacking. Design Two large cohorts of patients were recruited in an international, observational multicentre study: a retrospective cohort of patients with ndALD (n=110) and a prospective cohort of patients with AH (n=225). Clinical, analytical, immunohistochemistry and hepatic RNA microarray analysis of both disease phenotypes were performed. Results Age and mean alcohol intake were similar in both groups. AH patients had greater aspartate amino transferase/alanine amino transferase ratio and lower gamma-glutamyl transferase levels than in ndALD patients. Patients with AH demonstrated profound liver failure and increased mortality. One-year mortality was 10% in ndALD and 50% in AH. Histologically, steatosis grade, ballooning and pericellular fibrosis were similar in both groups, while advanced fibrosis, Mallory-Denk bodies, bilirubinostasis, severe neutrophil infiltration and ductular reaction were more frequent among AH patients. Transcriptome analysis revealed a profound gene dysregulation within both phenotypes when compare to controls. While ndALD was characterised by deregulated expression of genes involved in matrisome and immune response, the development of AH resulted in a marked deregulation of genes involved in hepatocyte reprogramming and bile acid metabolism. Conclusions Despite comparable alcohol intake, AH patients presented with worse liver function compared with ndALD patients. Bilirubinostasis, severe fibrosis and ductular reaction were prominent features of AH. AH patients exhibited a more profound deregulation of gene expression compared with ndALD patients.
EPINEPHRIN AND THE REVIVAL OF THE HEART
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sensitivity and specificity of two-dimensional echocardiographic signs of cardiac tamponade Arsen D. Ristic, Petar M. Seferovic, Biljana Obrenovic-Kircanski, Ruzica Maksimovic, Gorica Ristic, Radica Pesic, Gordana Draganic, Dejan Simeunovic, Danijela Zamaklar-Trifunovic, Miodrag C. Ostojic. University Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Correction
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal