tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Standardization in Surgical Education (SISE): Development and Implementation of an Innovative Training Program for Urologic Surgery Residents and Trainers by the European School of Urology in Collaboration with the ESUT and EULIS Sections of the EAU
Authors: Bhaskar Somani, Ton Brouwers, Domenico Veneziano, Ali Gözen, Kamran Ahmed, Evangelos Liatsikos, Kemal Sarica, Joan Palou, Jens Rassweiler, Chandra Shekhar Biyani, Tiago Ribeiro de Oliveira, Alex Mottrie, Anthony Gallagher, Alberto Breda, Hein van Poppel, Craig McIllhenney, Michiel Sedelaar, Stefano Puliatti, Sunjay Jain, Rosanne van Loenen, Ben van Cleynenbreugel
Journal: European Urology (2021)
Imaging for Native Mitral Valve Surgical and Transcatheter Interventions
Authors: Livia L. Gheorghe, Sara Mobasseri, Eustachio Agricola, Dee Dee Wang, Federico Milla, Martin Swaans, Dimosthenis Pandis, David H. Adams, Pradeep Yadav, Horst Sievert, Gorav Ailawadi, Paul Sorajja
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2021)
Abstract 13254: Association of Cardiac Parameters With Brain Damage and Cognition in Older Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Laurien Zijlstra, Stella Trompet, J Wouter W Jukema, Lucia Kroft, Jeroen de Bresser, Thijs van Osch, Marjolijn van Buren, Simon Mooijaart
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Both cardiovascular disease and cognitive impairment are increasingly prevalent in older patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). To what extent cardiac parameters play a role in...
Hybrid Thoracoscopic and Transvenous Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation: Is This the Answer We Are Searching For?⁎⁎Editorials published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology reflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACC or the American College of Cardiology.
Authors: Hugh Calkins
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Niraparib maintenance therapy in patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer using an individualized starting dose (NORA): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III trial☆
Authors: X.H. Wu, J.Q. Zhu, R.T. Yin, J.X. Yang, J.H. Liu, J. Wang, L.Y. Wu, Z.L. Liu, Y.N. Gao, D.B. Wang, G. Lou, H.Y. Yang, Q. Zhou, B.H. Kong, Y. Huang, L.P. Chen, G.L. Li, R.F. An, K. Wang, Y. Zhang, X.J. Yan, X. Lu, W.G. Lu, M. Hao, L. Wang, H. Cui, Q.H. Chen, G. Abulizi, X.H. Huang, X.F. Tian, H. Wen, C. Zhang, J.M. Hou, M.R. Mirza
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)

This study evaluated maintenance treatment with niraparib, a potent inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1/2, in patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer.In this phase III, double-blind, placebo-controlled study conducted at 30 centers in China, adults with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer who had responded to their most recent platinum-containing chemotherapy were randomized 2 : 1 to receive oral niraparib (300 mg/day) or matched placebo until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity (NCT03705156). Following a protocol amendment, patients with a bodyweight <77 kg or a platelet count <150 × 103/μl received 200 mg/day, and all other patients 300 mg/day, as an individualized starting dose (ISD). Randomization was carried out by an interactive web response system and stratified by BRCA mutation, time to recurrence following penultimate chemotherapy, and response to most recent chemotherapy. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) assessed by blinded independent central review.Between 26 September 2017 and 2 February 2019, 265 patients were randomized to receive niraparib (n = 177) or placebo (n = 88); 249 patients received an ISD (300 mg, n = 14; 200 mg, n = 235) as per protocol. In the intention-to-treat population, median PFS was significantly longer for patients receiving niraparib versus placebo: 18.3 [95% confidence interval (CI), 10.9-not evaluable] versus 5.4 (95% CI, 3.7-5.7) months [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.32; 95% CI, 0.23-0.45; P < 0.0001], and a similar PFS benefit was observed in patients receiving an ISD, regardless of BRCA mutation status. Grade ≥3 treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 50.8% and 19.3% of patients who received niraparib and placebo, respectively; the most common events were neutrophil count decreased (20.3% versus 8.0%) and anemia (14.7% versus 2.3%).Niraparib maintenance treatment reduced the risk of disease progression or death by 68% and prolonged PFS compared to placebo in patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer. Individualized niraparib dosing is effective and safe and should be considered standard practice in this setting.
Clinical management of acute low back pain in elite and subelite rowers: a Delphi study of experienced and expert clinicians
Authors: Kellie Wilkie, Jane S Thornton, Anders Vinther, Larissa Trease, Sarah-Jane McDonnell, Fiona Wilson
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2021)

Objectives Rowing-related low back pain (LBP) is common but published management research is lacking. This study aims to establish assessment and management behaviours and beliefs of experienced and expert clinicians when elite and subelite rowers present with an acute episode of LBP; second, to investigate how management differs for developing and masters rowers. This original research is intended to be used to develop rowing-related LBP management guidelines. Methods A three-round Delphi survey was used. Experienced clinicians participated in an internet-based survey (round 1), answering open-ended questions about assessment and management of rowing-related LBP. Statements were generated from the survey for expert clinicians to rate (round 2) and rerate (round 3). Consensus was gained when agreement reached a mean of 7 out of 10 and disagreement was 2 SD or less. Results Thirty-one experienced clinicians participated in round 1. Thirteen of 20 invited expert clinicians responded to round 2 (response rate 65%) and 12 of the 13 participated in round 3 (response rate 92%). One hundred and fifty-three of 215 statements (71%) relating to the management of LBP in elite and subelite rowers acquired consensus status. Four of six statements (67%) concerning developing rowers and two of four (50%) concerning masters rowers gained consensus. Conclusion In the absence of established evidence, these consensus-derived statements are imperative to inform the development of guidelines for the assessment and management of rowing-related LBP. Findings broadly reflect adult LBP guidelines with specific differences. Future research is needed to strengthen specific recommendations and develop best practice guidelines in this athletic population.
N6-methyladenosine dynamics in neurodevelopment and aging, and its potential role in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Andrew M. Shafik, Feiran Zhang, Zhenxing Guo, Qing Dai, Kinga Pajdzik, Yangping Li, Yunhee Kang, Bing Yao, Hao Wu, Chuan He, Emily G. Allen, Ranhui Duan, Peng Jin
Journal: Genome biology (2021)

N6-methyladenosine (m
Reconstructing tumor history in breast cancer: signatures of mutational processes and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy⋆
Authors: C. Denkert, M. Untch, S. Benz, A. Schneeweiss, K.E. Weber, S. Schmatloch, C. Jackisch, H.P. Sinn, J. Golovato, T. Karn, F. Marmé, T. Link, J. Budczies, V. Nekljudova, W.D. Schmitt, E. Stickeler, V. Müller, P. Jank, R. Parulkar, E. Heinmöller, J.Z. Sanborn, C. Schem, B.V. Sinn, P. Soon-Shiong, M. van Mackelenbergh, P.A. Fasching, S. Rabizadeh, S. Loibl
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Abstract 14621: Machine Learning Does Not Improve Upon Traditional Regression in Predicting Outcomes in Atrial Fibrillation: An Analysis of the ORBIT-AF and GARFIELD-AF Registries
Authors: Zak Loring, Suchit Mehrotra, Jonathan P Piccini, John Camm, David Carlson, Gregg C Fonarow, Keith A Fox, Eric D Peterson, Karen S Pieper, Ajay K kakkar
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Prediction models for outcomes in atrial fibrillation (AF) are used to assess risk and inform treatment decisions. While, regression models have been the analytic standard for predict...
A Serendipitous Path to Pharmacology
Authors: Baldomero M. Olivera
Journal: The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (2021)

My path to research in neuropharmacology has been a coalescing of my training as a molecular biologist and my intense interest in an esoteric group of animals, the fish-hunting cone snails. Attempting to bridge these two disparate worlds has led me to an idiosyncratic career as a pharmacologist.
Subjective Responses to Alcohol in the Development and Maintenance of Alcohol Use Disorder
Authors: Andrea King, Ashley Vena, Deborah S. Hasin, Harriet deWit, Sean J. O’Connor, Dingcai Cao
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2021)

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) remains an urgent public health problem. Longitudinal data are needed to clarify the role of acute subjective responses to alcohol in the development and maintenance of excessive drinking and AUD. The authors report on 10 years of repeated examination of acute alcohol responses in the Chicago Social Drinking Project.
Differences between germline genomes of monozygotic twins
Authors: Hakon Jonsson, Erna Magnusdottir, Hannes P. Eggertsson, Olafur A. Stefansson, Gudny A. Arnadottir, Ogmundur Eiriksson, Florian Zink, Einar A. Helgason, Ingileif Jonsdottir, Arnaldur Gylfason, Adalbjorg Jonasdottir, Aslaug Jonasdottir, Doruk Beyter, Thora Steingrimsdottir, Gudmundur L. Norddahl, Olafur Th. Magnusson, Gisli Masson, Bjarni V. Halldorsson, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Agnar Helgason, Patrick Sulem, Daniel F. Gudbjartsson, Kari Stefansson
Journal: Nature Genetics (2021)
The landscape of somatic mutation in cerebral cortex of autistic and neurotypical individuals revealed by ultra-deep whole-genome sequencing
Authors: Rachel E. Rodin, Yanmei Dou, Minseok Kwon, Maxwell A. Sherman, Alissa M. D’Gama, Ryan N. Doan, Lariza M. Rento, Kelly M. Girskis, Craig L. Bohrson, Sonia N. Kim, Ajay Nadig, Lovelace J. Luquette, Doga C. Gulhan, Christopher A. Walsh, Javier Ganz, Mollie B. Woodworth, Pengpeng Li, Rachel E. Rodin, Robert S. Hill, Sara Bizzotto, Zinan Zhou, Eunjung A. Lee, Alison R. Barton, Alissa M. D’Gama, Alon Galor, Craig L. Bohrson, Daniel Kwon, Doga C. Gulhan, Elaine T. Lim, Isidro Ciriano Cortes, Lovelace J. Luquette, Maxwell A. Sherman, Michael E. Coulter, Michael A. Lodato, Peter J. Park, Rebeca B. Monroy, Sonia N. Kim, Yanmei Dou, Andrew Chess, Attila Gulyás-Kovács, Chaggai Rosenbluh, Schahram Akbarian, None Ben Langmead, Jeremy Thorpe, Jonathan Pevsner, Soonweng Cho, Andrew E. Jaffe, Apua Paquola, Daniel R. Weinberger, Jennifer A. Erwin, Jooheon H. Shin, Richard E. Straub, Rujuta Narurkar, Alexej S. Abyzov, Taejeong Bae, Anjene Addington, David Panchision, Doug Meinecke, Geetha Senthil, Lora Bingaman, Tara Dutka, Thomas Lehner, Laura Saucedo-Cuevas, Tara Conniff, Kenneth Daily, Mette Peters, Fred H. Gage, Meiyan Wang, Patrick J. Reed, Sara B. Linker, Alex E. Urban, Bo Zhou, Xiaowei Zhu, Aitor Serres, David Juan, Inna Povolotskaya, Irene Lobón, Manuel Solis-Moruno, Raquel García-Pérez, Tomas Marquès-Bonet, Gary W. Mathern, Jing Gu, Joseph G. Gleeson, Laurel L. Ball, Renee D. George, Tiziano Pramparo, Diane A. Flasch, Trenton J. Frisbie, Jeffrey M. Kidd, John B. Moldovan, John V. Moran, Kenneth Y. Kwan, Ryan E. Mills, Sarah B. Emery, Weichen Zhou, Yifan Wang, Aakrosh Ratan, Michael J. McConnell, Flora M. Vaccarino, Gianfilippo Coppola, Jessica B. Lennington, Liana Fasching, Nenad Sestan, Sirisha Pochareddy, Peter J. Park, Christopher A. Walsh
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2021)
A Home to Thinkers, Philosophers, Wags, Wits, and Teachers…: On the Verge of a Golden Age⁎⁎Encyclopedia Britannica. Britannica History, “Edinburgh in mid-1700s: A City on the Verge of a Golden Age.” Available at: www.EB.com/training/materials/BOL_EB_Background.pdf.
Authors: Jagat Narula
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2008)
Comment and response to the article “The clinical relevance of visualizing the peripheral retina”by Nicola Quinn, Lajos Csincsik, Erin Flynn, Christine A. Curcio, Szilard Kiss, SriniVas R. Sadda, Ruth Hogg, Tunde Peto &amp; Imre Lengyel.
Journal: Progress in Retinal and Eye Research (2021)
Allergic Reactions Including Anaphylaxis After Receipt of the First Dose of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine — United States, December 14–23, 2020
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2021)

cases of coronavirus disease 2019 and 349,246 associated deaths have been reported in the United States.Longterm sequalae of COVID-19 over the course of a lifetime currently are unknown; however, persistent symptoms and serious complications are being reported among COVID-19 survivors, including persons who initially experience a mild acute illness.*On December 11, 2020, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine to prevent COVID-19, administered as 2 doses separated by 21 days.On December 12, 2020, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) issued an interim recommendation for use of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine (1); initial doses were recommended for health care personnel and long-term care facility residents (2).As of December 23, 2020, a reported 1,893,360 first doses of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine had been administered in the United States, and reports of 4,393 (0.2%) adverse events after receipt of Pfizer BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine had been submitted to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS).Among these, 175 case reports were identified for further review as possible cases of severe allergic reaction, including anaphylaxis.Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening allergic reaction that does occur rarely after vaccination, with onset typically within minutes to hours (3).Twenty-one cases were determined to be anaphylaxis (a rate of 11.1 per million doses administered), including 17 in persons with a documented history of allergies or allergic reactions, seven of whom had a history of anaphylaxis.The median interval from vaccine receipt to symptom onset was 13 minutes (range = 2-150 minutes).Among 20 persons with follow-up information available, all had recovered or been discharged home.Of the remaining case reports that were determined not to be anaphylaxis, 86 were judged to be nonanaphylaxis allergic reactions, and 61 were considered nonallergic adverse events.Seven case reports were still under investigation.This report summarizes the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of case reports of allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis and nonanaphylaxis allergic reactions, after receipt of the first dose of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine during * https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/clinical-care/late-sequelae.html.
Deception and the Clinical Ethicist
Authors: Christopher Meyers
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2021)

In this article, I defend a discomfiting thesis: The clinical ethicist should sometimes be an active participant in the deception of patients and families. The case for this conclusion builds off Sissela Bok’s seminal analysis of lying, from which I emphasize that, despite some common intuitions to the contrary, there is prima facie no morally relevant difference between lies of omission and commission. I then discuss deception’s prevalence in medical encounters, noting that the ethicist is often embedded in corresponding decisions, and explicate the realities that underlie these tough cases. Among those realities is the fallacy that deception can always be avoided through better communication. I conclude with an elaboration of ethicists’ role-model status and argue that they can turn the deception into a powerful teaching moment about the complexity of ethics reasoning.
Functional genomics of autoimmune diseases
Authors: Akari Suzuki, Matteo Maurizio Guerrini, Kazuhiko Yamamoto
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

For more than a decade, genome-wide association studies have been applied to autoimmune diseases and have expanded our understanding on the pathogeneses. Genetic risk factors associated with diseases and traits are essentially causative. However, elucidation of the biological mechanism of disease from genetic factors is challenging. In fact, it is difficult to identify the causal variant among multiple variants located on the same haplotype or linkage disequilibrium block and thus the responsible biological genes remain elusive. Recently, multiple studies have revealed that the majority of risk variants locate in the non-coding region of the genome and they are the most likely to regulate gene expression such as quantitative trait loci. Enhancer, promoter and long non-coding RNA appear to be the main target mechanisms of the risk variants. In this review, we discuss functional genetics to challenge these puzzles.
Positive End-Expiratory Pressure, Pleural Pressure, and Regional Compliance during Pronation. An Experimental Study
Authors: Bhushan H. Katira, Kohei Osada, Doreen Engelberts, Luca Bastia, L. Felipe Damiani, Xuehan Li, Han Chen, Takeshi Yoshida, Marcelo B. P. Amato, Niall D. Ferguson, Martin Post, Brian P. Kavanagh, Laurent J. Brochard
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2021)

Rationale: The physiological basis of lung protection and the impact of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) during pronation in acute respiratory distress syndrome are not fully elucidated. Objectives: To compare pleural pressure (Ppl) gradient, ventilation distribution, and regional compliance between dependent and nondependent lungs, and investigate the effect of PEEP during supination and pronation. Methods: We used a two-hit model of lung injury (saline lavage and high-volume ventilation) in 14 mechanically ventilated pigs and studied supine and prone positions. Global and regional lung mechanics including Ppl and distribution of ventilation (electrical impedance tomography) were analyzed across PEEP steps from 20 to 3 cm H2O. Two pigs underwent computed tomography scans: tidal recruitment and hyperinflation were calculated. Measurements and Main Results: Pronation improved oxygenation, increased Ppl, thus decreasing transpulmonary pressure for any PEEP, and reduced the dorsal–ventral pleural pressure gradient at PEEP < 10 cm H2O. The distribution of ventilation was homogenized between dependent and nondependent while prone and was less dependent on the PEEP level than while supine. The highest regional compliance was achieved at different PEEP levels in dependent and nondependent regions in supine position (15 and 8 cm H2O), but for similar values in prone position (13 and 12 cm H2O). Tidal recruitment was more evenly distributed (dependent and nondependent), hyperinflation lower, and lungs cephalocaudally longer in the prone position. Conclusions: In this lung injury model, pronation reduces the vertical pleural pressure gradient and homogenizes regional ventilation and compliance between the dependent and nondependent regions. Homogenization is much less dependent on the PEEP level in prone than in supine positon.
Systematic review and meta-analysis on volume-outcome relationship of abdominal surgical procedures in Germany
Authors: Anne Hendricks, Johannes Diers, Philip Baum, Stephanie Weibel, Carolin Kastner, Sophie Müller, Johan Friso Lock, Franziska Köhler, Patrik Meybohm, Peter Kranke, Christoph-Thomas Germer, Armin Wiegering
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2021)
Abstract 12579: CVI-LM001, a First-in-class Novel Oral PCSK9 Modulator, Lowers Plasma Ldl-c and Reduces Circulating PCSK9 in Preclinical Animal Models and in Hyperlipidemic Human Subjects
Authors: Jingwen Liu, Bo Jiang, Shuiping Zhao, Siyu Cai, Daxiong Xiang, Minghui Huang, Pingfei Fang, Zourong Ran, Minli Chen, Qiyang Shou, Jianan Wang
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels via upregulation of hepatic LDL receptor (LDLR) produces CVD benefits. More recently, monoclonal antibodies targeting PCSK9, a LDLR degradation protein, has emerged as a new therapeutic approach for lowering LDL-C levels, offering great efficacy and positive benefits in ASCVD patients. However, PCSK9 inhibitors require subcutaneous injections and the cost of therapy is high. CVI Pharmaceuticals has discovered a series of novel PCSK9 small molecule modulators that can reduce PCSK9 gene expression and increase LDLR abundance by PCSK9 dependent and independent mechanisms in hepatocytes. Among them, the lead compound CVI-LM001 is advanced to Phase 2 stage to treat hypercholesterolemic patients. Here we report that in hyperlipidemic hamsters, treatment with CVI-LM001 (40, 80 and 160 mg/kg, QD) for 4 weeks dose-dependently increased liver LDLR protein levels up to 3.5-fold and decreased circulating PCSK9 levels to 10% of control at the highest dose, this was accompanied by significant reductions in serum LDL-C. In a double-blind, randomized Phase 1a study conducted in healthy volunteers with normal lipid levels, compared to baseline, we observed a 36.4% (p&lt;0.001) reduction in serum PCSK9 levels after 10 days of oral treatment with CVI-LM001 (300 mg, QD). Moreover, in a Proof of Mechanism Phase 1b study conducted in subjects with elevated LDL-C, compared with placebo cohort, treatment with CVI-LM001 (300 mg, QD) for 28 days significantly reduced serum LDL-C (-26.3% p&lt;0.01), TC (-20.1%, p&lt;0.01), Apo B (-17.4%, p=0.01) and PCSK9 (-39.2%, p&lt;0.05). CVI-LM001 had a benign safety profile and was well tolerated in 105 treated healthy volunteers and 33 treated hyperlipidemic subjects. In addition, CVI-LM001 exhibited excellent pharmacokinetics properties with peak concentrations occurred approximately 1-1.5h post-dose. Mean half-lives ranged from 32 to 45h after single dosing and 62 to 68h following multiple dosing. These studies, for the first time, demonstrate that CVI-LM001, a novel PCSK9 modulator, has the potential to be a new oral cholesterol-lowering drug and warrant further development.
Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and associated lockdown measures on attendances at emergency departments in English hospitals: A retrospective database study
Authors: Steven Wyatt, Mohammed A Mohammed, Elizabeth Fisher, Ruth McConkey, Peter Spilsbury
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2021)

The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak and associated lockdown measures have challenged healthcare. We examine how attendances to ED in England were impacted.
Adolescent-Onset and Adult-Onset Vitamin-Responsive Neurogenetic Diseases
Authors: Daniele Mandia, Natalia Shor, Jean-François Benoist, Yann Nadjar
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2021)

Vitamin-responsive inherited diseases are among the rare genetic disorders with a specific pharmacological treatment. Many of these conditions have a prominent neurological phenotype that is mainly reported in children. Being rare and often strikingly different in adult-onset forms, they are still poorly known in the medical fields specific to adults.This article reviews all articles reporting cases of patients with a genetically confirmed inherited vitamin-responsive neurological disease and neurological onset after the age of 10 years. On this basis, 24 different diseases are described, involving vitamins A, B1, B2, B3, B6, B8, B9, B12, E, and tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). Information such as clinical symptoms, disease course, imaging studies, biochemical alterations, and response to treatment present an overall picture of these patients.Vitamin-responsive neurogenetic diseases represent a group of rare conditions that are probably underdiagnosed in adults and may have a dramatic response to treatment when started early in the course of the disease. In this review, main features of the adult-onset forms are defined and simple key messages are provided to help identify clinical situations when specific diagnostic tests should be performed and/or vitamins should be promptly administered.