tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional reconstruction of systematic histological sections: application to observations on palatal shelf elevation
Authors: Weilong Liu, Xiaoming Wang, Yinuo Wang, Yahong Wang, Jing Zhang, Bing Shi, Chenghao Li
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2021)

Normal mammalian secondary palate development undergoes a series of processes, including palatal shelf (PS) growth, elevation, adhesion and fusion, and palatal bone formation. It has been estimated that more than 90% of isolated cleft palate is caused by defects associated with the elevation process. However, because of the rapidly completed elevation process, the entire process of elevation will never be easy to clarify. In this article, we present a novel method for three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of thick tissue blocks from two-dimensional (2D) histological sections. We established multiplanar sections of the palate and tongue in coronal and sagittal directions, and further performed 3D reconstruction to observe the morphological interaction and connection between the two components prior to and during elevation. The method completes an imaging system for simultaneous morphological analysis of thick tissue samples using both synthetic and real data. The new method will provide a comprehensive picture of reorientation morphology and gene expression pattern during the palatal elevation process.
The depths of PD-1 function within the tumor microenvironment beyond CD8+ T cells
Authors: Stephanie Laba, Grace Mallett, Shoba Amarnath
Journal: Seminars in Cancer Biology (2021)

Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1; CD279) is a cell surface receptor that is expressed in both innate and adaptive immune cells. The role of PD-1 in adaptive immune cells, specifically in CD8+ T cells, has been thoroughly investigated but its significance in other immune cells is yet to be well established. This review will address the role of PD-1 based therapies in enhancing non-CD8+ T cell immune responses within cancer. Specifically, the expression and function of PD-1 in non-CD8+ immune cell compartments such as CD4+ T helper cell subsets, myeloid cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) will be discussed. By understanding the immune cell specific function of PD-1 within tissue resident innate and adaptive immune cells, it will be possible to stratify patients for PD-1 based therapies for both immunogeneic and non-immunogeneic neoplastic disorders. With this knowledge from fundamental and translational studies, PD-1 based therapies can be utilized to enhance T cell independent immune responses in cancers.
Examining low rates of dermatology visits in solid organ transplant recipients
Authors: Braulio Fernandez, Melanie Miller, Tiffany Sierro, Ema Shah, Shannon Wong-Michalak, Renee Haughton, Jack Rodman, Michael E Fong, Sivagini Ganesh, Hyosun Han, Gino K In, Thin Thin Maw, Kimberly Miller, Miroslaw Smogorzewski, Jenny Hu, Binh Ngo, Iris Ahronowitz
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2021)
POS0585 ORAL STATUS IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors: A. Ben Salem, M. Brahem, H. Hachfi, R. Sarraj, S. Abdellatif, R. Ben Tekaya, C. Baccouche, Y. Mohamed
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic auto immune inflammatory disorder, which primarily affects the synovial joints, but it may have an impact on oral health. Objectives: The present study aimed to describe oral manifestations in patients with Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: A cross sectional study including RApatients, which consulted or were hospitalized in Rheumatology department in Taher Sfar Hospital of Mahdia Tunisia, during a period of 10 months. The diagnosis of RA was based on ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria. Oral and periodontal examination was practiced by a trained dentist in the same hospital. Oral hygiene, teeth status (missing teeth) and paradental parameters (bleeding index of Loe and Silness (IG), plaque indexed O’Leary (IP) were determined for each patient, to assess oral and periodontal diseases in RA. Results: Our study included 51 patients with an average age of 51.11 years ±12.4 [21-74years].50patients (92.6%of cases) were women and 8patients (14.8%) were diabetic. Only one patient was a smoker. The mean duration of RA was 10.7 years 7.7± [10months-35years]. Rheumatoid factor (RF) was positive in 25 Patients (46.3%of cases). Anti-citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA) was positive in 32 patients (59.3 %).41patients (75.4%) had radiological impairments and 28(51.9%) had specific deformations of RA. The average disease activity score (DAS28-VS) and (DAS28-CRP) were respectively 4.1±1.5[1.4-7.3] 3.4±1.5 [1.24-6.71]. Oral examination revealed a poor oral hygiene in 36patients (69.2% of cases) and 4.7% of our patients (2 cases) were toothless. Xerostomia was observed in 32 patients (80%). Gingivitis was diagnosed in 26 Patients (52%): localized in 6 patients (26.1%) and generalized in 17 patients (73.9%). 21 patients had periodontitis (41.2%). Basing on bleeding index of Loe and Silness (IG),27 patients (55.1%) had degree 2 and9 patients (18.8 %) had degree 3. Supragingival plaque and subgingival plaque were detected respectively in 45 patients (90 %) and 47 patients (95.9 %). In our study, tooth loss was significantly correlated with increased age (p=0.001) and post-menopausal status (p=0.03). Xerostomia, gingivitis and periodontitis were associated with increased age. But no association was found between oral manifestations and DAS28 nor biological inflammatory parameters. Conclusion: Rheumatoid arthritis is destructive and disabling rheumatism with a great risk to develop dental and periodontal diseases. So, it is important to systematically control oral hygiene of our patients to prevent complications. Disclosure of Interests: None declared
AB0751 JUVENILE UVEİTİS: THE 3RD LEVEL EXPERIENCE
Authors: S. N. Tigrak, Ş. Çekiç, O. Yalcinbayir, S. S. Kilic
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

Background: Uveitis is the inflammation of the uveal components of the eye (iris, choroid and retina) and is the third leading cause of blindness in the world. It is less common in children than adults. Young children are usually diagnosed late, as they cannot express their complaints. Objectives: With this work; We aimed to contribute to the literature by determining the underlying primary diagnosis and evaluating the treatment response in patients who were followed up in our clinic with a diagnosis of non-infectious uveitis, mostly juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Methods: 93 patients under 18 years of age who were followed up with a diagnosis of non-infectious uveitis were included in the study. The data of the patients were scanned retrospectively. According to the last biomicroscopic examinations, the patients were classified as remission, inactive period and active disease. Clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, family history, drugs used during the disease and duration of treatment were examined. Results: The male to female ratio was 1,06 (48/45). The mean age at diagnosis of childhood uveitis was found to be 10±4.02. 49 Patients (52.6%) were diagnosed with idiopathic uveitis, 33 (33.5%)with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, 11 (11.7%) with Behçet’s, 2 (2.2%) with FMF. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis was the most common systemic disease in the patient group. The mean age of patients with uveitis to be diagnosed with rheumatological disease was 10.1±5.32. ANA test was positive in 30 (32.2%) patients. 23 (69.7%) of juvenile idiopathic arthritis patients were oligoartricular type. Anterior uveitis was present in 37 (39.8%) of the patients. Anterior uveitis was most common in the juvenile idiopathic arthritis cases. Of the patients with uveitis, 24 (25.8%) were intermediate, 11 (11.8%) were posterior, 21 (22.6%) were panuveitis. Anti-TNFα agents were administered to patients with unresponsiveness to immunosuppressive therapy and high risk of vision loss. Most used anti-TNFα agents were infliximab and adalimumab. Glaucoma, cataract, and posterior synechiae were common complications in the patients during follow-up. Conclusion: The most common systemic disease that cause noninfectious uveitis in children is juvenile idiopathic arthritis. In juvenile idiopathic arthritis, the most common involvement of the eye was the anterior segment, and it was thought that the location of the eye involvement could be useful in determining the underlying systemic disease. It is important to ensure regular eye examination in patients with rheumatologic symptoms. Disclosure of Interests: None declared
POS0192 PROGNOSTIC FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ACHIEVING MINIMAL DISEASE ACTIVITY IN EARLY PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS PATIENTS
Authors: E. Loginova, T. Korotaeva, E. Gubar, S. Glukhova
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

Background: The goal of treat to target strategy (T2T) in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is attaining remission or minimal disease activity (MDA). The benefits of T2T have been seen recently [1]. But prognostic factors for MDA achievement in PsA patients (pts) at an early-stage hasn’t been studied yet. Objectives: to determine the prognostic factors associated with MDA achievement within 12 months (mos.) of treatment according to T2T strategy in early PsA pts. Methods: 77 pts (M/F=36/41) with early active PsA fulfilling the CASPAR criteria were included. Mean age 36.9±10.45 years (yrs.), PsA duration 11.1±10.0 mos., Psoriasis (PsO) duration 82.8±92.1 mos. At baseline (BL) and at 12 mos. of therapy PsA activity by tender joint count (TJC)/68, swelling joint count (SJC)/66, Pain (VAS), Patient global assessment disease activity (PtGA, VAS), CRP mg/l, dactylitis, enthesitis by LEI and plantar fascia, BSA (%), HAQ and fatigue by FACIT (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy) Fatigue Scale (Version 4) were evaluated. A score FACIT &lt;30 indicates severe fatigue and &gt; 30 – less fatigue. All pts was given therapy with Methotrexate (MTX) s/c. After 3-9 mos. of ineffectiveness of MTX treatment 29 pts were given biologic DMARDs. By 12 mos. of therapy, the proportion of pts who had reached MDA (5/7) were calculated. Pts were split into 2 groups: MDA + (n=45) and MDA - (n=32). The one-factor model of logistic regression was used to identify a group of features that are associated with MDA achievement. M±SD, Me [Q25; Q75], Min-Max, %, t-test, Pierson-χ2, Manna-Whitney tests, ORs with 95% CI were performed. All p&lt;0.05, were considered to indicate statistical significance. Results: Comparative analysis in both groups and one-factor model of logistic regression showed the following features at BL were associated with MDA achievement: TJC/SJC &lt; 3 (p&lt;0.001), PGA ≤ 20 mm (p&lt;0.001), Pain (VAS) ≤ 15 mm (p&lt;0.001), CRP ≤ 5 mg/l (p&lt; 0.03), HAQ ≤ 0.5 (p&lt; 0.001), FACIT &gt; 30 (p&lt; 0.021), absent of entesitis (p&lt; 0.003), dactylitis (p&lt; 0.029) and nail damage (p&lt; 0.012). Early PsA pts with combination of these features at first visit have more chance to achieve MDA within 12 mos in comparison to PsA pts without them, OR=9.684 [CI 95% 4.6-20.4]. (Figure 1). Conclusion: It is a combination of features at first visit to clinic – TJC, SJC &lt; 3, PGA ≤ 20 mm, pain ≤ 15 mm, CRP ≤ 5 mg/l, HAQ ≤ 0.5, FACIT &gt; 30 points, absent of entesitis, dactylitis and nail PsO - that constitutes a clinical prognostic factors for MDA achievement within 12 mos of T2T strategy in early PsA pts. References: [1]Coates LC, et al. Lancet. 2015 Dec 19;386(10012):2489-98. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00347-5 Figure 1. The prognostic factors associated with achievement MDA within 12 months in early PsA pts Disclosure of Interests: None declared
Association Between Mortality and Levels of Autonomous Cortisol Secretion by Adrenal Incidentalomas
Authors: Albin Kjellbom, Ola Lindgren, Shobitha Puvaneswaralingam, Magnus Löndahl, Henrik Olsen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2021)

Autonomous cortisol secretion in patients with adrenal incidentalomas is associated with increased mortality, but detailed information about the risk associated with specific levels of autonomous cortisol secretion is not available.To measure the association between mortality and levels of autonomous cortisol secretion in patients with adrenal incidentalomas.Retrospective cohort study. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03919734).Two hospitals in southern Sweden.Consecutive patients who had adrenal incidentalomas identified between 2005 and 2015 and were followed for up to 14 years. Outcome data were collected from national registers.Patients were grouped according to plasma cortisol level after a 1-mg dexamethasone suppression test (cortisolDST; <50, 50 to 82, 83 to 137, or ≥138 nmol/L).During a median follow-up of 6.4 years, 170 of 1048 patients died. Compared with a cortisolDST less than 50 nmol/L, a cortisolDST of 50 to 82 nmol/L was not associated with increased mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 1.15 [95% CI, 0.78 to 1.70]). However, a cortisolDST of 83 to 137 nmol/L (n = 119) had an HR of 2.30 (CI, 1.52 to 3.49), and a cortisolDST of 138 nmol/L or higher (n = 82) had an HR of 3.04 (CI, 1.86 to 4.98). Analyses using restricted cubic splines indicated that the association between cortisolDST and mortality was linear up to a cortisolDST of 200 nmol/L.The results are not based on verified autonomous cortisol secretion; thus, the association may be underestimated.The association between mortality and cortisolDST increased linearly until cortisolDST reached 200 nmol/L. A cortisolDST of 83 to 137 nmol/L was associated with a 2-fold increase in mortality, and a cortisolDST of 138 nmol/L or higher was associated with a 3-fold increase in mortality. Additional studies should be done, and until those studies are completed some clinicians may consider these findings when deciding which patients to recommend for surgery.Lisa and Johan Grönberg Foundation and Gyllenstiernska Krapperup Foundation.
断層心エコー法による左房容積の計測一楕円回転体(Ellipsoid)法により正しい左房容積が評価できるか
Authors: 楠瀬賢也, 山田博胤, 山崎聖広, 濱本秀一, 中島智博, 仁木敏之, 山口浩司, 小柴邦彦, 河野智仁, 添木武, 若槻哲三
Journal: Circulation (2007)
A Novel Topical Fluorescent Probe for Detection of Glioblastoma
Authors: Yosuke Kitagawa, Shota Tanaka, Mako Kamiya, Yugo Kuriki, Kyoko Yamamoto, Takenori Shimizu, Takahide Nejo, Taijun Hana, Reiko Matsuura, Tsukasa Koike, Erika Yamazawa, Yoshihiro Kushihara, Satoshi Takahashi, Masashi Nomura, Hirokazu Takami, Shunsaku Takayanagi, Akitake Mukasa, Yasuteru Urano, Nobuhito Saito
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

Five-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is widely used as an intraoperative fluorescent probe for radical resection of high-grade glioma, and thus aids in extending progression-free survival of patients. However, there exist some cases where 5-ALA fails to fluoresce. In some other cases, it may undergo fluorescence quenching but cannot be orally readministered during surgery. This study aimed to develop a novel hydroxymethyl rhodamine green (HMRG)-based fluorescence labeling system that can be repeatedly administered as a topical spray during surgery for the detection of glioblastoma.We performed a three-stage probe screening using tumor lysates and fresh tumor tissues with our probe library consisting of a variety of HMRG probes with different dipeptides. We then performed proteome and transcript expression analyses to detect candidate enzymes responsible for cleaving the probe. Moreover, in vitro and ex vivo studies using U87 glioblastoma cell line were conducted to validate the findings.The probe screening identified proline-arginine-HMRG (PR-HMRG) as the optimal probe that distinguished tumors from peritumoral tissues. Proteome analysis identified calpain-1 (CAPN1) to be responsible for cleaving the probe. CAPN1 was highly expressed in tumor tissues which reacted to the PR-HMRG probe. Knockdown of this enzyme suppressed fluorescence intensity in U87 glioblastoma cells. In situ assay using a mouse U87 xenograft model demonstrated marked contrast of fluorescence with the probe between the tumor and peritumoral tissues.The novel fluorescent probe PR-HMRG is effective in detecting glioblastoma when applied topically. Further investigations are warranted to assess the efficacy and safety of its clinical use.
AB0447 PREVALENCE OF PRIMARY BILIARY CIRRHOSIS IN SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS AND SJÖGREN’S SYNDROME OVER TIME: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: S. Upadhyaya, D. Starcevic, M. Turk, J. Pope
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

Background: Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a rare slowly progressive autoimmune disease characterized by inflammatory destruction and fibrosis of intrahepatic bile ducts. It is known to coexist together with rheumatological conditions such as Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) and systemic sclerosis (SSc). There is a wide range in reported prevalence of disease overlap with these entities; however, the exact prevalence rates remain unclear. Objectives: The objectives were to determine the prevalence of: 1) PBC in patients with SS and SSc (and the subsets of limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc) and diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc)), 2) SSc and SS in patients with PBC, and 3) to analyze changes in frequency over time. SSc occurs in 3/10,000 and PBC in 4-40/10,000 but these rare autoimmune diseases are known to coexist together. We speculated that there could be more cases diagnosed due to increasing availability of standardized antibody tests such as ANA, centromere antibodies, ENA and mitochondrial antibodies. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed using Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library databases up till June 16, 2020. Only full text articles in the English language with at least 40 patients were included. Cohorts, case series, cross-sectional studies, correspondences and registries with reported prevalence rates of both PBC in patients with SS and SSc as well as SSc and SS in patients with PBC were included. Data on frequency of co-existent diseases was studied by year of publication to determine if prevalence changed over time using linear regression. We used the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist to assess the quality of the studies. Results: Of 2876 citations identified, 67 were included in the analysis (n=33 for PBC, 15 for SSc, 18 for SS and 1 for SSc/SS). STROBE checklist scores ranged from 7-21. The prevalence of PBC was 5% in patients with SSc. Within the subsets, the prevalence of PBC in lcSSc was 8% and in dcSSc was 1%. In patients with SS, the prevalence of PBC was 4%. The prevalence of SSc overall in those with PBC was 5% and, within the subsets was 6% in lcSSc and 0% in dcSSc. The prevalence of SS in PBC was 18%. There was also no significant association between year of publication and prevalence. There was a lack of standardized definitions so misclassification may have occurred. Conclusion: PBC is increased in SSc but mostly in the lcSSc subset. SS in PBC is common at nearly 1 in 5. Over the years, there was no change in the prevalence of PBC in SSc indicating stability over time. Acknowledgements: Meagan Stanley, Western University Librarian. Disclosure of Interests: None declared.
Influence of the Modulation of the Protein Corona on Gene Expression Using Polyethylenimine (PEI) Polyplexes as Delivery Vehicle
Authors: Dingcheng Zhu, Huijie Yan, Zhuxian Zhou, Jianbin Tang, Xiangrui Liu, Raimo Hartmann, Wolfgang J. Parak, Youqing Shen, Neus Feliu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2021)

Abstract The protein corona can significantly modulate the physicochemical properties and gene delivery of polyethylenimine (PEI)/DNA complexes (polyplexes). The effects of the protein corona on the transfection have been well studied in terms of averaged gene expression in a whole cell population. Such evaluation methods give excellent and reliable statistics, but they in general provide the final transfection efficiency without reflecting the dynamic process of gene expression. In this regard the influence of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on the gene expression of PEI polyplexes also on a single cell level via live imaging is analyzed. The results reveal that although the BSA corona causes difference in the overall gene expression and mRNA transcription, the gene expression behavior on the level of individual cell is similar, including the mitosis‐dependent expression, distributions of onset time, expression pattern in two daughter cells, and expression kinetics in successfully transfected cells. Comparison of single cell and ensemble data on whole cell cultures indicate that the protein corona does not alter the transfection process after nuclear entry, including cell division, polyplex dissociation, and protein expression. Its influence on other steps of in vitro gene delivery before nuclear entry shall render the difference in the overall transfection.
POS1127 ULTRASOUND ASSESSMENT OF GOUT LESIONS IN AN ALGERIAN POPULATION WITH ASYMPTOMATIC HYPERURICEMIA
Authors: B. Bengana, A. Ladjouze-Rezig, S. Ayoub, N. B. Raaf, C. Aimeur, A. Boukabous, S. Lefkir
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

Background: Hyperuricemia is a common biological abnormality, often clinically asymptomatic. However, it can announce a gout and be linked to many diseases such as metabolic syndrome, high blood pressure or kidney disease. In fact, the majority of learned societies do not recommend any urate lowering therapy (ULT) as long as the hyperuricemia remains asymptomatic. But it turns out that part of the population with asymptomatic hyperuricemia (AH) develops a gout after a few years particularly with genetic predisposition, but also on certain risk factors that need to be confirmed. By this way, musculoskeletal ultrasound (MUS) can detect “asymptomatic gout” by visualizing signs of urate deposits (UD) in subjects with AH. Objectives: Our main objective is already to estimate the prevalence of specific signs of gout in Algerian population with AH and assess the factors exposing to UD. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study from January 2017 to February 2019, with the recruitment of subjects with AH and serum urate level &gt; 60 mg / L, who do not take any ULT and have not associated any chronic inflammatory rheumatism, where we performed a MUS of the knees, metatarsophalangeal joints MTP1, MTP2 and metacarpophalangeal joint MCP2 and MCP3 with the Achilles, patellar and quadricipital tendons. Results: We retained 258 subjects with AH, 132 women and 126 men (sex ratio = 0.95), the mean age was 59 years, the mean body mass index (BMI) was 28.4 kg / m2, 42 patients were under diuretics, 37 patients reported being on low-dose of aspirin 100 mg daily. The mean rate of serum urate levels was 78 ± 10 mg / L, the prevalence of UD found at the MUS was 22% (n = 58), among them 36 % (21/58) had a sign of the double contour DC on the MTP1 and 29% (17/58) on the knee, 7% (4/58) had tophi on the MTP1 and 3% (2/58) had urate aggregates. The factors reported to be linked to UD in the sample were: the male gender (p = 0.0016); the high uric acid level (p= 0.0355); BMI (p = 0.0427); taking diuretics for women (p= 0.0002). Conclusion: Through this work, it is clear that elementary ultrasound lesions related to gout disease are common in a population with AH and concerned one fifth of subjects in our study with a higher risk in men and subjects with obesity and high uric acid level, but also in women taking diuretics. These results need to be enhanced with a randomized controlled study in order to better determine the predisposing factors for gout in any subject with AH. Disclosure of Interests: None declared.
David Oliver: A public covid-19 inquiry tomorrow shouldn’t stop action today
Authors: David Oliver
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Within weeks of the first UK death from covid-19 in 2020, calls began for an official inquiry into the government's pandemic preparedness and response. 1These calls culminated in the Queen's speech on 11 May 2021, when Boris Johnson, the UK prime minister, promised to launch a full public inquiry within a year.