tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Response to Comment on Tang et al. Effects of Insulin Glargine and Liraglutide Therapy on Liver Fat as Measured by Magnetic Resonance in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Trial. Diabetes Care 2015;38:1339–1346
Authors: An Tang, Rémi Rabasa-Lhoret, Hélène Castel, Claire Wartelle-Bladou, Guillaume Gilbert, Karine Massicotte-Tisluck, Gabriel Chartrand, Damien Olivié, Anne-Sophie Julien, Jacques de Guise, Gilles Soulez, Jean-Louis Chiasson
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

Shan et al. (1) raise important points regarding treatment duration, sample size, mean values of magnetic resonance (MR)-based biomarkers, and severity of liver steatosis in our study (2).

The 12-week duration of our study was justified by the exploratory aim to compare two second-line injectable treatment alternatives on liver steatosis as measured by MR-based techniques. To acknowledge that the study duration was too short to address the long-term effects on liver steatosis, we preemptively stated in our discussion that “a longer study would have favored GLP-1 agonist therapy in terms of body weight loss and, possibly, a concomitant reduction in the liver fat fraction” …
Curative Circumferential Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection of a Primary Pigmented Melanoma of the Esophagus After RFA of Barrett Esophagus
Authors: J Dumoulin, M Abdelhafez, G von Figura, AM Krackhardt, C Mogler, RM Schmid, C Schlag
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Here we present the case of an 85-year-old male who had received multiple treatment for dysplasia in a Barrett´s esophagus by radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and APC. On endoscopic follow up 16 months after the last the patient showed multiple small polypoid (0-IIa) lesions of black color extending in the former Barrett area which histologically turned out to be a malignant melanoma.
Cardiorespiratory arrest in diabetic autonomic neuropathy
Authors: L. Garcia-Bunel
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Aring's well-written COMMENTARY, "On Rules and Regulations" (240:2543, 1978), deserves further attention. Aring has read Nisbet but does not quite comprehend the all-or-none nature of the individualist's soul. Aring still likes rules but wants to sugarcoat them. He prefers to call them "preferred direction." Come now, Doctor, the bureaucratic-mind set does not intend to issue suggestions with a smile. It is seeking homogeniety and nothing less, for it cannot tolerate the imperfections that an individualist-oriented society considers its very strength. In his quest for perfection, the bureaucrat intentionally destroys all attempts at creativity, self-development, and so forth. If anyone doubts this, visit our nursing homes. See and talk with nurses by the thousands who perform like turned-off zombies, no longer able or willing to risk upsetting the countless number of regulators and inspectors who come to sell their rules like snake oil. Speak to middle-aged physicians who
Snare Modification Facilitates Huge Colonic Foreign Body Extraction And Avoids Surgery
Authors: H Amer, S Afify, A Amer, M Erfan, M Afifi
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

A 56 years old male presented with abdominal distension and absolute constipation, X-ray showed a huge foreign body and PR showed empty rectum. Colonoscopy was done under surgical observation, it was seen at 35 cm from the anal orifice. Since, it had a wide diameter, multiple trials of gripping it failed because of the slippery surface and the straight forward opening snare, modification of the mega snare was done by pending the neck of the snare to open in right angle to be perpendicular to the sheath which grasped and extracted it successfully from the colon from the first trial.
Immunosuppressive therapy in patients with congestive cardiomyopathy and myocardial uptake of gallium-67.
Authors: J BO'Connell, J ARobinson, R EHenkin, R MGunnar
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Thirty-nine patients with idiopathic congestive cardiomyopathy underwent gallium-67 scintigraphy. Twenty had no evidence of myocardial uptake (group I) and 19 had demonstrable myocardial gallium-67 activity (group II). There was no significant difference in age, sex, duration of symptoms, antecedent viral illness, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, pulmonary artery systolic pressure, or ejection fraction between the two groups. Fifteen patients in group II were treated with prednisone and azathioprine for a minimum of 8 months. Nine of 15 patients were clinically unchanged and gallium-67 scans remained positive (group IIa). Six patients had significant improvement and resolution of myocardial gallium-67 uptake (group IIb). The mean change in ejection fraction was +0.2% in group I, -4.8% in Group IIa, and +13.8% in group IIb. There were five deaths in group I (25% mortality), three in group IIa (33% mortality), and no deaths in group IIb. The only significant difference between patients in group IIa ...
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (EUCAST document E. DEF 8.1) - Report of the subcommittee on antimicrobial susceptibility testing Mycobacterium tuberculosis of the European Committee for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID).
Authors: Drobniewski, Rusch-Gerdes, Hoffner
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2007)
Myocardial infarction and coronary deaths in the World Health Organization MONICA Project. Registration procedures, event rates, and case-fatality rates in 38 populations from 21 countries in four continents.
Authors: HTunstall-Pedoe, KKuulasmaa, PAmouyel, DArveiler, A MRajakangas, APajak
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDThe WHO MONICA Project is a 10-year study that monitors deaths due to coronary heart disease (CHD), acute myocardial infarction, coronary care, and risk factors in men and women aged 35 to 64 years in defined communities. This analysis of methods and results of coronary event registration in 1985 through 1987 provides data on the relation between CHD morbidity and mortality.METHODS AND RESULTSFatal and nonfatal coronary events were monitored through population-based registers. Hospital cases were found by pursuing admissions (hot pursuit) or by retrospective analysis of discharges (cold pursuit). Availability of diagnostic data on identified nonfatal myocardial infarction was good. Information on fatal events (deaths occurring within 28 days) was limited and constrained in some populations by problems with access to sources such as death certificates. Age-standardized annual event rates for the main diagnostic group in men aged 35 to 64 covered a 12-fold range from 915 per 100,000 for North ...
Quantitative left ventricular wall motion analysis: a comparison of area, chord and radial methods.
Authors: H JGelberg, B HBrundage, SGlantz, W WParmley
Journal: Circulation (1979)

We were interested in divising a relatively simple quantitative technique that could be used on a routine clinical basis for wall motion analysis. Three quantitative methods of left ventricular (LV) regional analysis were compared in the 30 degrees right anterior oblique and 60 degrees left anterior oblique projection. The control group consisted of 17 patients with qualitatively normal LV wall motion; the abnormal group comprised 17 patients with at least one region of severe, qualitative wall motion abnormality. Normal regional values were determined for area, chord and radial methods by applying the techniques to the ventriculograms of the control group. Each technique was then applied to the abnormal group's ventriculograms to determine the percentage of qualitatively abnormal regions not detected by each method. The area method had the lowest failure rate (p less than 0.001) and the best separation of measured normal and abnormal regions' ejection changes (p less than 0.001), and best reflected symme...
Electrogenic sodium extrusion can stop triggered activity in the canine coronary sinus.
Authors: A LWit, P FCranefield, D CGadsby
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

Soon after a burst of triggered activity in the canine coronary sinus begins, an initial fall in maximum diastolic potential and increase in rate gives way to an increase in maximum diastolic potential, reduction in rate, and eventual quiescence. This hyperpolarization, slowing, and subsequent quiescence might result from enhanced electrogenic sodium/potassium extrusion caused by the rise in intracellular sodium concentration ([Na+]i) associated with the high rate of firing. Triggered bursts can be terminated prematurely by a sudden increase in the rate of sodium extrusion, Brief exposure to K+- free fluid is known to cause [Na+]i to rise; reactivating the pump by switching back to K+-containing fluid causes immediate hyperpolarization, and within a few seconds, quiescence. Brief periods of overdrive, also thought to increase [Na+]i, are followed by hyperpolarization, slowing and, often, by premature termination of the burst. Inhibiting the sodium/potassium pump by exposure to 2 micrometer acetylstrophant...
Shall The Journal be Removed to Washington?
Authors: O. A. Rea
Journal: JAMA (1891)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The question of the best location for the publication ofThe Journalshould be discussed with fair argument and common sense. Does the advertising department greatly assist the financial success of a medical publication? To this question there is but one answer, and wherever published, its advertising pages would not probably be increased beyond their present number, if equalled. Would the number of subscribers be increased if removed? From no city could it be distributed more rapidly nor directly than Chicago. Would the aspiring, disaffected authors of very important original productions<i>all</i>see their names at the head of papers in the first issue after the annual meeting of the A. M. A. if published in Washington, Kalamazoo, or Oshkosh? It seems there has been much nonsense in that line. Looking at the subject from the standpoint of a country doctor, the editorial work compares favorably with
Audit of the Use of Prokinetics to Improve Completion Rates of Small Bowel Capsule Endoscopy
Authors: F O’Hara, S Seminov, D McNamara
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Prolonged gastric transit has been recognized as a risk factor for incomplete small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE). ESGE suggests patients with increased risk may benefit from the administration of prokinetics when the capsule remains in the stomach for > 30 – 60 minutes. Gastric transit is routinely assessed in at risk subjects at 30 minutes in our unit. IV Metoclopramide 10mg is given as an initial prokinetic, and 250mg IV Erythromycin as a second prokinetic after a further 30 minutes if required.
Loss of the glomerular contractile response to angiotensin in rats following myohemoglobinuric acute renal failure.
Authors: B MWilkes, W JCaldicott, GSchulman, N KHollenberg
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

To examine the state of the glomerulus in rats protected from acute renal failure (ARF) by prior insult, we measured the contractile responses of isolated glomeruli to angiotensin II (AII) and dibutyryl cyclic AMP (DBcAMP). In healthy rats, both agents induced a dose-related fall in glomerular diameter (P less than 0.001). Saralasin, the angiotensin antagonist, blocked the glomerular response to AII totally and to DBcAMP partially. Two weeks following ARF induced with 50% glycerol (10 ml/kg, im), azotemia had reversed and the nephrotoxic effect of mercuric chloride (4.7 mg/kg, sc) was blunted, as anticipated. AII did not reduce glomerular size, but the response to DBcAMP was sustained at this time. To determine the specificity of the loss of the glomerular response to AII, we also assessed the effects of an AII infusion (1 microgram/kg/min) on blood pressure and renal blood flow. There was a substantial rise in blood pressure (control, 104 +/- 11.8 mm Hg; AI, 131.0 +/- 5.3 mm HG; P less than 0.001) and fa...
Evaluation of ketanserin in the prevention of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. A multicenter randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.
Authors: P WSerruys, WKlein, J PTijssen, WRutsch, G RHeyndrickx, HEmanuelsson, S GBall, ODecoster, ESchroeder, HLiberman
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDKetanserin is a serotonin S2-receptor antagonist that inhibits the platelet activation and vasoconstriction induced by serotonin and also inhibits the mitogenic effect of serotonin on vascular smooth muscle cells.METHODS AND RESULTSWe conducted a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial to assess the effect of ketanserin in restenosis prevention after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). Patients received either ketanserin (loading dose, 40 mg 1 hour before PTCA; maintenance dose, 40 mg bid for 6 months) or matched placebo. In addition, all patients received aspirin for 6 months. Coronary angiograms before PTCA, after PTCA, and at 6 months were quantitatively analyzed. Six hundred fifty-eight patients were entered into the intention-to-treat analysis. The primary clinical end point of the study was the occurrence between PTCA and 6 months of any one of the following: cardiac death, myocardial infarction, the need for repeat angioplasty, or bypass surgery. It also incl...
Cardiac Doppler flow velocities in human fetuses.
Authors: K LReed, E JMeijboom, D JSahn, S AScagnelli, L MValdes-Cruz, LShenker
Journal: Circulation (1986)

Cardiac Doppler flow velocity studies were performed in normal human fetuses between 18 and 40 weeks of gestation. Two-dimensional linear array and sector scanning techniques were used for the initial evaluation of the fetuses, which included a standard ultrasound examination to determine normal anatomy and estimated gestational age and weight. Fetal cardiac ultrasound examination was then performed, with four-chamber, short-axis/great vessel, long-axis/left ventricular outflow tract, and aortic arch views obtained. Pulsed echo Doppler instrumentation was used to obtain flow velocity measurements through the tricuspid, pulmonary outflow, mitral, and aortic outflow regions. Calculation of transvalve volume flow for mitral and tricuspid valves was performed by combining the valve anulus sizes and calculated mean temporal velocities for the valves. Maximal flow velocities were greater through the tricuspid (mean maximal velocity 51 +/- 1.2 [SE] cm/sec) than through the mitral (47 +/- 1.1 cm/sec; p less than ...
Declining incidence of ventricular fibrillation in myocardial infarction. Implications for the prophylactic use of lidocaine.
Authors: E MAntman, J ABerlin
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDThe purposes of the present investigation were 1) to track the incidence of primary ventricular fibrillation (VF) in the control and lidocaine-treated groups in the randomized control trials (RCTs) of lidocaine prophylaxis against primary VF in acute myocardial infarction, with particular emphasis on the time frame of the randomized trial, and 2) to estimate the number of patients who must receive lidocaine currently to prevent one episode of VF.METHODS AND RESULTSThe following variables from RCTs published between 1969 and 1988 were entered into logistic regression models to predict the percent of patients developing VF: year of publication of the RCT, method of data analysis used in the RCT, route and technique of lidocaine administration, duration of monitoring for VF, and exclusion criteria before randomization (congestive heart failure/cardiogenic shock, ventricular tachycardia/VF, or bradycardia/atrioventricular block). Year of publication was a significant predictor of VF in both the cont...
Molecular Mechanisms of Transformation of C3H/10T 1/2 C1 8 Mouse Embryo Cells and Diploid Human Fibroblasts by Carcinogenic Metal Compounds
Authors: Joseph R. Landolph
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Carcinogenic arsenic, nickel, and chromium compounds induced morphological and neoplastic transformation but no mutation to ouabain resistance in 10T1/2 mouse embryo cells; lead chromate also did not induce mutation to ouabain or 6-thioguanine resistance in Chinese hamster ovary cells.The mechanism of metal-induced morphological transformation was likely not due to the specific base substitution mutations measured in ouabain resistance mutation assays, and for lead chromate, likely not due to this type of base substitution mutation or to frameshift mutations.Preliminary data indicate increases in steady-state levels of c-myc RNA in arsenic-, nickel-, and chromium-transformed cell lines.We also showed that carcinogenic nickel, chromium, and arsenic compounds and N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) induced stable anchorage independence (Al) in diploid human fibroblasts (DHF) but no focus formation or immortality.Nickel subsulfide and lead chromate induced Al but not mutation to 6-thiogua- nine resistance.The mechanism of induction of Al by metal salts in DHF was likely not by the type of base substitution or frameshift mutations measured in these assays.MNNG induced Al, mutation to 6-thioguanine resistance, and mutation to ouabain resistance,and might induce Al by base substitution or frameshift mutations.Dexamethasone, aspirin, and salicylic acid inhibited nickel subsulfide, MNNG, and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced Al in DHF, suggesting that arachidonic acid metabolism and oxygen radical generation play a role in induction of Al.We propose that nickel compounds stimulate arachidonic acid metabolism, consequent oxygen radical generation, and oxygen radical attack upon DNA.Intracellular reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(V) or other species that generate oxygen radicals leads to Cr(V) or oxygen radical attack upon DNA.Arsenite causes chromosome breaks.We propose that arsenic, nickel, and chromium compounds then cause small deletions or mutations in the 5' or 3' regulatory regions of the c-myc and other protooncogenes, resulting in stabilization of c-myc RNA and higher steady-state levels of c-myc RNA and protein.We also postulate that nickel-induced oxygen radical generation, Cr(V) ions or oxygen radicals generated by chromium, and arsen- ite induce inactivating mutations or deletions in tumor suppressor genes.Arsenic, nickel, or chromium compound-induced neoplastic transformation is postulated to proceed through a combination of activation of c-myc and/or other protooncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressor.-
A Rare Case of Esophageal Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Arising on an Endoscopic Resection Scar
Authors: R Ortigão, I Pita, I Marques Sá, C Pinto, P Bastos, P Pimentel-Nunes, R Isidro, AL Cunha, M Dinis-Ribeiro, D Libânio
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) of the esophagus is an extremely aggressive and rare cancer, with a reported incidence of less than 2 % of the esophageal cancers.
The role of potassium in the metabolic control of coronary vascular resistance of the dog.
Authors: P AMurray, F LBelloni, H VSparks
Journal: Circulation Research (1979)

We tested the hypothesis that potassium ion (K+) is involved in the local control of the coronary circulation. The left coronary artery was perfused at constant flow in closed-chest, anesthetized dogs. Step increases in heart rate caused transient (six dogs) or sustained (three dogs) increases in coronary sinus plasma [K+] averaging 0.53 mEq/liter. When the effects of vascular transit delay were accounted for, we found that [K+] changes preceded the vasodilation seen with increased heart rate. We used a mathematical model to calculate changes in interstitial [K+] from arterial and venous [K+] and K+ release rate. The magnitude of the changes in interstitial [K+] appeared to be sufficient to account for a considerable portion but not all of the initial changes in coronary vascular resistance associated with increased heart rate. Thus potassium seems to be involved at least transiently, and, in three of nine dogs, for a more sustained period, in heart rate-induced coronary vasodilation. Cessations (for 15 s...
Detection of coronary artery disease with exercise two-dimensional echocardiography. Description of a clinically applicable method and comparison with radionuclide ventriculography.
Authors: M CLimacher, M AQuinones, L RPoliner, J GNelson, W LWinters, A DWaggoner
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Two-dimensional echocardiography (2-D echo) was performed in 73 patients evaluated for coronary artery disease (CAD) and in four normal volunteers before and immediately after a maximal treadmill exercise test. Diagnostic images were obtained from the apical and parasternal windows. In 17 patients with normal coronary arteriograms, ejection fraction (EF) increased from 66 +/- 9% (+/- SD) at rest to 73 +/- 8% after exercise (p less than 0.001), while in 56 patients with proved CAD, EF fell from 56 +/- 13% at rest to 53 +/- 16% after exercise (p less than 0.01). The sensitivity of postexercise 2-D echo for detecting CAD (based on abnormal EF response and/or regional dyssynergy) was 91% (51 of 56 patients) and the specificity was 88% (15 of 17). Sensitivity for one-, two- and three-vessel disease was 64% (seven of 11), 95% (20 of 21) and 100%, respectively. Patients with multivessel disease showed a significant fall in a wall motion score index, from 0.79 +/- 0.25 to 0.63 +/- 0.26. Exercise radionuclide vent...
Effects of colestipol-niacin therapy on human femoral atherosclerosis.
Authors: D HBlankenhorn, S PAzen, D WCrawford, S ANessim, M ESanmarco, R HSelzer, A MShircore, E CWickham
Journal: Circulation (1991)

The 2-year therapy effect on femoral atherosclerosis was evaluated in the Cholesterol Lowering Atherosclerosis Study (CLAS), a randomized, placebo-plus-diet-controlled angiographic trial of colestipol-niacin therapy plus diet in men with previous coronary bypass surgery. Different diet compositions were prescribed to enhance the differential in blood cholesterol responses between the two groups. The annual rate of change in computer-estimated atherosclerosis (CEA), a measure of lumen abnormality, was evaluated between treatment groups. A significant per-segment therapy effect was found in segments with moderately severe atherosclerosis (p less than 0.04) and in proximal segments (p less than 0.02). When segmental CEA measures were combined into a per-patient score using an adaptation of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute scoring procedure, a significant therapy effect was observed (p less than 0.02). Total variance of the annual change rate in CEA was as predicted from pilot studies, but measur...
Pulmonary vascular disease complicating the Blalock-Taussig anastomosis.
Authors: P JHofschire, G CRosenquist, R NRuckerman, J HMoller, J EEdwards
Journal: Circulation (1977)

The pulmonary vascular bed was evaluated following a Blalock-Taussig shunt performed in 36 patients for decreased pulmonary blood flow. The time of follow-up ranged from one to 21 years after operation. No patients developed severe pulmonary changes in less than eight years after institution of the shunt. Ten of 20 patients having a shunt eight years or longer developed some degree of pulmonary vascular disease, mainly in the form of intimal fibrosis. This was severe in six of the 20 patients. As the duration of the shunt increased, so did the incidence of pulmonary vascular disease.