tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Social capital and accessing services and support during COVID-19 in informal settlements of Dhaka, Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Farzana Manzoor, Wafa Alam, Imran Hossain, Nadia Farnaz, Bachera Aktar, Sabina Faiz Rashid
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2022)

Social capital, which describes the social ties enjoyed by groups and networks with common interests, is one of the most useful resources in society. These networks could be both formal and informal, with positive effects seen at both individual and community levels-especially during crisis management. In building urban resilience and to ensure access to support and services, social capital has been fundamental throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to explore different forms of social capital networks in the informal urban settlements (known as slums) of Dhaka, Bangladesh, and how these networks were helpful during the pandemic.This qualitative study was conducted in three urban slums (Kallyanpur pora bosti, Dholpur, and Shyampur) in Dhaka city). In-depth phone interviews with residents (aged ≥18 years) of the slums were carried out by the research team, using a semi-structured questionnaire of 13 open-ended questions. Additional probing was done as necessary, depending on the clarity and specificity of the information provided by respondents. We used a snowballing sampling technique and verbal, informed consent was obtained before interviews. Thematic analysis was done. Ethical clearance was acquired from the institutional review board of BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health (2019-034-IR).Between Oct 21, 2020, and Jan 12, 2021, 30 phone interviews were conducted with 22 women and 8 men. Thematic analysis showed that the most marginalised individuals in urban slums are highly dependent upon their social structures, in whom bonding social capital through informal networks is most evident. These networks are based on the trust and reliance built among people whilst living together in close proximity for a long time. Immediate family members and relatives were described as the primary point of contact for any support during emergencies. Respondents who had bridged social capital networks, and were now affiliated with different local community groups, had greater access to relief (such as food, face masks, and soap) and financial support than those who did not form social networks beyond the slums. Informal networks with landlords, local shopkeepers, pharmacies, and neighbours played a crucial role during the COVID-19 pandemic, by providing food or cash support or lending goods in credit.Strengthening different forms of social capital is vital in building urban resilience and our findings highlight the importance of prevailing social capital networks and their roles during the COVID-19 pandemic.GCRF UKRI funded ARISE Consortium.
RATE VERSUS RHYTHM CONTROL FOR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN THE MODERN ERA- - A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Raza Naseer, Hamza Hanif, Sanskriti Shrivastava, Muhammad Sabih Saleem, Najam U. Saqib, Muhammad Siddique Pir
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Contextual Considerations for the Increased Risk of Mental Health Problems Following Concussion in Youth
Authors: Talin Babikian
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Andrée-Anne Ledoux, PhD; Richard J. Webster, PhD; Anna E. Clarke, MSc; Deshayne B. Fell, PhD; Braden D. Knight, Msc; William Gardner, PhD; Paula Cloutier, MA; Clare Gray, MD; Meltem Tuna, PhD; Roger Zemek, MD
CLO22-081: Clinical Efficacy and Quality of Life of Oral Cancer Patients Treated With Paclitaxel/Cisplatin/5-FU Vs Paclitaxel/Carboplatin Chemotherapeutic Regimens in a Tertiary Cancer Center in Eastern India
Authors: Pranab Kumar Sahoo, Sinjini Sarkar, Sutapa Mahata, Ranita Pal, Tanuma Mistry, Sushmita Ghosh, Trisha Choudhury, Anup Kumar Bhowmick, Kalayan Kusum Mukherjee, Sriparna Datta, Vilas D Nasare
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2022)

"CLO22-081: Clinical Efficacy and Quality of Life of Oral Cancer Patients Treated With Paclitaxel/Cisplatin/5-FU Vs Paclitaxel/Carboplatin Chemotherapeutic Regimens in a Tertiary Cancer Center in Eastern India" published on 31 Mar 2022 by National Comprehensive Cancer Network.
Microbiota in neuroinflammation and synaptic dysfunction: a focus on Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Diane Bairamian, Sha Sha, Nathalie Rolhion, Harry Sokol, Guillaume Dorothée, Cynthia A. Lemere, Slavica Krantic
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2022)

The implication of gut microbiota in the control of brain functions in health and disease is a novel, currently emerging concept. Accumulating data suggest that the gut microbiota exert its action at least in part by modulating neuroinflammation. Given the link between neuroinflammatory changes and neuronal activity, it is plausible that gut microbiota may affect neuronal functions indirectly by impacting microglia, a key player in neuroinflammation. Indeed, increasing evidence suggests that interplay between microglia and synaptic dysfunction may involve microbiota, among other factors. In addition to these indirect microglia-dependent actions of microbiota on neuronal activity, it has been recently recognized that microbiota could also affect neuronal activity directly by stimulation of the vagus nerve.
Free or fixed state of nHAP differentially regulates hBMSC morphology and osteogenesis through the valve role of ITGA7
Authors: Fangyuan Bao, Junzhi Yi, Yixiao Liu, Yuliang Zhong, Hui Zhang, Zhonglin Wu, Boon Chin Heng, Ying Wang, Ziyang Wang, Lizi Xiao, Hua Liu, Hongwei Ouyang, Jing Zhou
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2022)

Nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) has been widely used in bone repair as an osteo-inductive and naturally-occurring material. However, the optimal applied form of nHAP and the underlying mechanisms involved remain unclear. Herein, to investigate into these, a range of corresponding models were designed, including three applied forms of nHAP (Free, Coating and 3D) that belong to two states (Free or fixed). The results indicate that when fixed nHAP was applied in the 3D form, optimal osteogenesis was induced in human bone marrow stem cells (hBMSCs) with increased bone volume via integrin α7 (ITGA7)-mediated upregulation of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, while contrary results were observed with free nHAP. Ectopic osteogenesis experiments in mice subcutaneous transplantation model further confirmed the different tendencies of ITGA7 expression and osteogenesis of hBMSCs in free and fixed states of nHAP. Our results revealed that the two states of nHAP play a different regulatory role in cell morphology and osteogenesis through the valve role of ITGA7, providing cues for better application of nanoparticles and a potential new molecular target in bone tissue engineering.
Consciousness is already solved: The continued debate is not about science
Authors: Michael S. A. Graziano
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2022)

Abstract A logical explanation of consciousness has been known for decades. The brain must construct a specific set of information about conscious feeling (theory-of-mind information), causing people to believe, think, and claim to have consciousness. Theories that propose an actual, intangible feeling are non-explanatory. They add a magical red herring while leaving unexplained the objective phenomena: the believing, thinking, and claiming.
In type 2 diabetes with increased CV risk, tirzepatide reduced HbA<sub>1c</sub> vs. glargine at 52 wk
Authors: Madhusree Singh
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Source Citation Del Prato S, Kahn SE, Pavo I, et al. Tirzepatide versus insulin glargine in type 2 diabetes and increased cardiovascular risk (SURPASS-4): a randomised, open-label, parallel-group, multicentre, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2021;398:1811-24. 34672967
CGE22-095: CCND1 Amplification in Pancreatic Ductal and Ampullary Adenocarcinoma and Its Impact on Patients’ Survival: A Single Centre Observational Study
Authors: Shuchismita Chakraborty, Shibajyoti Ghosh
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2022)

"CGE22-095: CCND1 Amplification in Pancreatic Ductal and Ampullary Adenocarcinoma and Its Impact on Patients’ Survival: A Single Centre Observational Study" published on 31 Mar 2022 by National Comprehensive Cancer Network.
ACUTE ISOLATED RIGHT VENTRICULAR FAILURE AFTER HEART TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: Sarinya Puwanant, Peerapat Kaveevorayan, Veraprapas Kittipibul, Supanee Sinphurmsukskul, Aekarach Ariyachaipanich, Sarawut Siwamogsatham, Seri Singhatanadgige, Pat Ongcharit
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Association Between Specificity of Sulfonylureas to Cardiac Mitochondrial KATP Channels and the Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Meng-Ting Wang, Ya-Ling Huang, Jyun-Heng Lai, Chien-Hsing Lee, Pin-Chun Wang, Hsueh-Yi Pan, ChenWei Lin, Jun-Ting Liou, Yu-Juei Hsu
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)

OBJECTIVE Previous studies have revealed an intraclass difference in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) among sulfonylureas. In vitro and ex vivo studies reported several sulfonylureas to exhibit high-affinity blockage of cardiac mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium (mitoKATP) channels and could interfere with ischemic preconditioning, the most important mechanism of self-cardiac protection. However, no studies have examined whether these varying binding affinities of sulfonylureas could account for their intraclass difference in MACE. We compared mitoKATP channel high-affinity versus low-affinity sulfonylureas regarding the MACE risk in real-world settings. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Using the Taiwan nationwide health care claims database, patients with type 2 diabetes initiating sulfonylurea monotherapy between 2007 and 2016 were included in the cohort study. A total of 33,727 new mitoKATP channel high-affinity (glyburide and glipizide) and low-affinity (gliclazide and glimepiride) sulfonylurea users, respectively, were identified after 1:1 propensity score matching. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% CI. RESULTS MitoKATP channel high-affinity sulfonylureas were associated with a significantly increased risk of three-point MACE (aHR 1.21 [95% CI 1.03–1.44]), ischemic stroke (aHR 1.23 [95% CI 1.02–1.50]), and cardiovascular death (aHR 2.61 [95% CI 1.31–5.20]), but not with that of myocardial infarction (aHR 1.04 [95% CI 0.75–1.46]). The duration-response analyses revealed the highest MACE risk to be within 90 days of therapy (aHR 4.67 [95% CI 3.61–6.06]). CONCLUSIONS Cardiac mitoKATP channel high-affinity sulfonylureas were associated with an increased MACE risk compared with low-affinity sulfonylureas in a nationwide population with diabetes.
Enhanced BBB and BBTB penetration and improved anti-glioma behavior of Bortezomib through dual-targeting nanostructured lipid carriers
Authors: Masoud Farshbaf, Solmaz Mojarad-Jabali, Salar Hemmati, Ahmad Yari Khosroushahi, Hamidreza Motasadizadeh, Amir Zarebkohan, Hadi Valizadeh
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2022)
The paradox of pulmonary arterial hypertension in Italy in the COVID-19 era: is risk of disease progression around the corner?
Authors: Roberto Badagliacca, Silvia Papa, Michele D'Alto, Stefano Ghio, Piergiuseppe Agostoni, Pietro Ameri, Paola Argiento, Natale Daniele Brunetti, Vito Casamassima, Gavino Casu, Nadia Cedrone, Marco Confalonieri, Marco Corda, Michele Correale, Carlo D'Agostino, Lucrezia De Michele, Giulia Famoso, Giuseppe Galgano, Alessandra Greco, Carlo Mario Lombardi, Giovanna Manzi, Rosalinda Madonna, Valentina Mercurio, Massimiliano Mulè, Giuseppe Paciocco, Antonella Romaniello, Emanuele Romeo, Laura Scelsi, Walter Serra, Davide Stolfo, Matteo Toma, Marco Vatrano, Patrizio Vitulo, Carmine Dario Vizza
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2022)

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has led to significant restrictions on routine medical care. We conducted a multicentre nationwide survey of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) to determine the consequences of governance measures on PAH management and risk of poor outcome in patients with COVID-19.The present study, which included 25 Italian centres, considered demographic data, the number of in-person visits, 6-min walk and echocardiographic test results, brain natriuretic peptide/N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide test results, World Health Organization functional class assessment, presence of elective and non-elective hospitalisation, need for treatment escalation/initiation, newly diagnosed PAH, incidence of COVID-19 and mortality rates. Data were collected, double-checked and tracked by institutional records between March 1 and May 1, 2020, to coincide with the first peak of COVID-19 and compared with the same time period in 2019.Among 1922 PAH patients, the incidences of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and COVID-19 were 1.0% and 0.46%, respectively, with the latter comparable to that in the overall Italian population (0.34%) but associated with 100% mortality. Less systematic activities were converted into more effective remote interfacing between clinicians and PAH patients, resulting in lower rates of hospitalisation (1.2% versus 1.9%) and related death (0.3% versus 0.5%) compared with 2019 (p<0.001). A high level of attention is needed to avoid the potential risk of disease progression related to less aggressive escalation of treatment and the reduction in new PAH diagnoses compared with 2019.A cohesive partnership between healthcare providers and regional public health officials is needed to prioritise PAH patients for remote monitoring by dedicated tools.
Comparative T and B immune responses of four different anti-COVID-19 vaccine strategies 6 months after vaccination
Authors: Benjamin Bonnet, Hélène Chabrolles, Christine Archimbaud, Amélie Brebion, Maud Godignon, Frédéric Dutheil, Céline Lambert, Justine Cosme, Audrey Mirand, Amandine Ollier, Bruno Pereira, Christel Regagnon, Magali Vidal, Bertrand Evrard, Cécile Henquell
Journal: Journal of Infection (2022)
IMPACT OF ANTICOAGULATION THERAPY ON THECOGNITIVE DECLINE AND DEMENTIA IN PATIENTS WITH NON-VALVULARATRIALFIBRILLATION (CAF) TRIAL
Authors: Thomas Jared Bunch, Heidi Thomas May, Michael J. Cutler, Scott C. Woller, Victoria Jacobs, Scott Stevens, John Carlquist, Kirk U. Knowlton, J. Brent Muhlestein, Benjamin Adam Steinberg, Jeffrey L. Anderson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Pollen exposure is associated with risk of respiratory symptoms during the first year of life
Authors: Amanda Gisler, Marloes Eeftens, Kees de Hoogh, Danielle Vienneau, Yasmin Salem, Sophie Yammine, Julian Jakob, Olga Gorlanova, Fabienne Decrue, Regula Gehrig, Urs Frey, Philipp Latzin, Oliver Fuchs, Jakob Usemann
Journal: Allergy (2022)

Pollen exposure is associated with respiratory symptoms in children and adults. However, the association of pollen exposure with respiratory symptoms during infancy, a particularly vulnerable period, remains unclear. We examined whether pollen exposure is associated with respiratory symptoms in infants and whether maternal atopy, infant's sex or air pollution modifies this association.We investigated 14,874 observations from 401 healthy infants of a prospective birth cohort. The association between pollen exposure and respiratory symptoms, assessed in weekly telephone interviews, was evaluated using generalized additive mixed models (GAMMs). Effect modification by maternal atopy, infant's sex, and air pollution (NO2 , PM2.5 ) was assessed with interaction terms.Per infant, 37 ± 2 (mean ± SD) respiratory symptom scores were assessed during the analysis period (January through September). Pollen exposure was associated with increased respiratory symptoms during the daytime (RR [95% CI] per 10% pollen/m3 : combined 1.006 [1.002, 1.009]; tree 1.005 [1.002, 1.008]; grass 1.009 [1.000, 1.23]) and nighttime (combined 1.003 [0.999, 1.007]; tree 1.003 [0.999, 1.007]; grass 1.014 [1.004, 1.024]). While there was no effect modification by maternal atopy and infant's sex, a complex crossover interaction between combined pollen and PM2.5 was found (p-value 0.003).Even as early as during the first year of life, pollen exposure was associated with an increased risk of respiratory symptoms, independent of maternal atopy and infant's sex. Because infancy is a particularly vulnerable period for lung development, the identified adverse effect of pollen exposure may be relevant for the evolvement of chronic childhood asthma.
Genome-wide identification of the genetic basis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Sai Zhang, Johnathan Cooper-Knock, Annika K. Weimer, Minyi Shi, Tobias Moll, Jack N.G. Marshall, Calum Harvey, Helia Ghahremani Nezhad, John Franklin, Cleide dos Santos Souza, Ke Ning, Cheng Wang, Jingjing Li, Allison A. Dilliott, Sali Farhan, Eran Elhaik, Iris Pasniceanu, Matthew R. Livesey, Chen Eitan, Eran Hornstein, Kevin P. Kenna, Jan H. Veldink, Laura Ferraiuolo, Pamela J. Shaw, Michael P. Snyder, Ian Blair, Naomi R. Wray, Matthew Kiernan, Miguel Mitne Neto, Adriano Chio, Ruben Cauchi, Wim Robberecht, Philip van Damme, Philippe Corcia, Philippe Couratier, Orla Hardiman, Russell McLaughin, Marc Gotkine, Vivian Drory, Nicola Ticozzi, Vincenzo Silani, Jan H. Veldink, Leonard H. van den Berg, Mamede de Carvalho, Jesus S. Mora Pardina, Monica Povedano, Peter Andersen, Markus Weber, Nazli A. Başak, Ammar Al-Chalabi, Chris Shaw, Pamela J. Shaw, Karen E. Morrison, John E. Landers, Jonathan D. Glass
Journal: Neuron (2022)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a complex disease that leads to motor neuron death. Despite heritability estimates of 52%, genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have discovered relatively few loci. We developed a machine learning approach called RefMap, which integrates functional genomics with GWAS summary statistics for gene discovery. With transcriptomic and epigenetic profiling of motor neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), RefMap identified 690 ALS-associated genes that represent a 5-fold increase in recovered heritability. Extensive conservation, transcriptome, network, and rare variant analyses demonstrated the functional significance of candidate genes in healthy and diseased motor neurons and brain tissues. Genetic convergence between common and rare variation highlighted KANK1 as a new ALS gene. Reproducing KANK1 patient mutations in human neurons led to neurotoxicity and demonstrated that TDP-43 mislocalization, a hallmark pathology of ALS, is downstream of axonal dysfunction. RefMap can be readily applied to other complex diseases.
Long-Term Cannabis Use and Cognitive Reserves and Hippocampal Volume in Midlife
Authors: Madeline H. Meier, Avshalom Caspi, Annchen R. Knodt, Wayne Hall, Antony Ambler, HonaLee Harrington, Sean Hogan, Renate M. Houts, Richie Poulton, Sandhya Ramrakha, Ahmad R. Hariri, Terrie E. Moffitt
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2022)

Cannabis use is increasing among midlife and older adults. This study tested the hypotheses that long-term cannabis use is associated with cognitive deficits and smaller hippocampal volume in midlife, which is important because midlife cognitive deficits and smaller hippocampal volume are risk factors for dementia.
Use of eFAST in Patients with Injury to the Thorax or Abdomen
Authors: Robert Canelli, Megan Leo, Jack Mizelle, Gentle Sunder Shrestha, Nishita Patel, Rafael Ortega
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2022)

Extended focused assessment with sonography for trauma involves obtaining images in six focused views to assess for pericardial, intraperitoneal, and pelvic fluid and for hemothorax and pneumothorax. This video demonstrates the use of this point-of-care ultrasound examination.
HOME CARDIAC SURVEILLANCE WITH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE DIGITAL PATIENT MONITORING DURING TREATMENT WITH PERTUZUMAB, TRASTUZUMAB AND HYALURONIDASE-ZZXF FOR HER2-POSITIVE BREAST CANCER (HARRIET): STUDY DESIGN AND RATIONALE
Authors: Anthony F. Yu, Emanuela Ferraro, Jennifer E. Liu, Pooja Advani, Joerg Herrmann, Anna Yang, Anita Fung, Bann-Mo Day, Bokai Xia, Marianne Chacon, Chau Dang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Abstract P4-11-30: Breast cancer follow-up. Patients expectations versus reality
Authors: Joanna Zaluska-Kusz, Maria Litwiniuk
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

Abstract Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women. The increased incidence and better treatment results lead to an increased number of breast cancer survivors. Polish and international guidelines clearly specify the rules for the tests performed in the follow-up. The only mandatory test is annual mammography. Our aim was to evaluate patients expectations and knowledge regarding follow-up visits. Methods: 188 patients after breast cancer radical treatment completed anonymous questionnaires about their knowledge and preferences of the follow-ups. Results: Median age of the respondents was 64. Median time from the breast cancer diagnosis was 6 years (2-34). 82% of the patients claimed that they were informed by the oncologist about the rules of follow-up visits, 78% knew recommendations about healthy lifestyle and diet. At the same time - 78% would prefer to have more tests done than it’s recommended (abdominal ultrasound - 58 patients (31%), CA 15-3 level- 27 patients (14%), chest x-ray- 18 patients (10%), PET scan - 5 patients (3%), other tests (bone scyntygraphy, brain scan, liver MRI) - 13 patients (7%). Many patients would like to have multiple tests done. When asked if they would prefer to have follow-up visits with their family doctor or in the oncological centre - 94% would prefer to be controlled in the cancer centre. Conclusions: There is a need to educate both oncologists, family doctors and patients, about the rules of follow-up in breast cancer. Patients feel safer if they have more tests done, even though the guidelines recommend only annual mammography. Patients prefer to be controlled in the cancer centres, where they were treated. Because the recommendations were made many years ago, it seems advisable to conduct new studies on possible modifications to these guidelines, due to tremendous advances in breast cancer treatment and the fact that breast cancer is now divided into a numer od biological subtypes. There is a strong need to perform studies to evaluate the role of liquid biopsy, ctDNA and PET-scan in breast cancer follow-up. Citation Format: Joanna Zaluska-Kusz, Maria Litwiniuk. Breast cancer follow-up. Patients expectations versus reality [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-11-30.
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH AND PATIENT-CENTERED OUTCOMES IN ADULTS WITH HEART FAILURE WITH REDUCED EJECTION FRACTION
Authors: Sandra Dunbar, Xi Tan, Dominik Lautsch, Martine C. Maculaitis, Bryan Ricker, Thomas Nagle, Luther T. Clark, Robert J. Hilkert, Joanne E. Brady, Heather L. Black, John A. Spertus
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
CAUSES AND PREDICTORS OF 30-DAY READMISSION AFTER PERCUTANEOUS CATHETER ABLATION FOR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: AN ANALYSIS OF THE NATIONAL READMISSIONS DATABASE
Authors: Ramtej Atluri, Omar Khdeir, Sreeram Yalamanchili, Mouna Kodali, Satyam Krishan, Mukunthan Murthi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Should families do more to help with addiction?
Authors: Ian Hamilton
Journal: BMJ (2022)

s health secretary, recently spoke at the Royal College of Physicians to outline his plans for healthcare reform. 1 He covered a lot of ground, including his vision for the part that families should play in facilitating disease prevention and interventions for their relatives, helping them to recover from illnesses like depression and drug addiction.Sajid Javid shared a personal story of how his mother had helped his father quit smoking by reminding him that his sons could lose their father unless he stopped.It seems that this was enough for Javid's father to abstain there and then.