tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CT abdomen only for active surveillance in patients with stage I germ cell tumor (GCT): A multi-institutional study.
Authors: Hamed Ahmadi, Tarik Benidir, Ragheed Saoud, Lynn Anson-Cartwright, Martin O’Malley, Scott E. Eggener, Robert James Hamilton, Siamak Daneshmand
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

410 Background: Active surveillance (AS) for stage I germ cell tumor (GCT) typically includes periodic imaging of chest, abdomen and pelvis. Efforts to modify the surveillance protocols aim to minimize radiation exposure in this young patient population. We report our multi-institutional effort to assess the effect of omitting CT pelvis. Methods: Using data from three major referral centers for GCT (University of Southern California, University of Toronto, and University of Chicago), all patients with stage I GCT who experienced recurrence on AS were selected. Clinicodemographic information including recurrence pattern (tumor marker (TM), imaging, physical exam (PE), or a combination of these) were collected. Bifurcation of the common iliac arteries was defined as the anatomic landmark between CT abdomen and pelvis. The location of recurrent nodal disease was determined accordingly. Results: A total of 270 patients were included. 122(45%) patients had non-seminomatous GCT (NSGCT). 17(6%) patients had history of cryptorchidism and 38 (14%) had history of scrotal/inguinal surgery. The median time to recurrence for seminoma and NSGCT was 16 months (IQR 8–27) and 6 months (IQR 4–13), respectively. The most common method for detecting recurrence was imaging-only (49%) followed by combination of TM and imaging (43%). A total of 43/270(16%) patients had pelvic/inguinal nodal recurrence (PNR). Prior hernia repair was significantly higher in patients with pelvic/inguinal nodal disease compared to their counterparts (19%vs2.5%;p=0.01). PNR was detectable only by imaging in 16/270(6%) patients. However, in 11/16(69%) patients, PNRe was either visible on CT abdomen cuts or there was simultaneous retroperitoneal recurrence. Overall, only 5/270(1.8%) patients (4 seminoma, 1 NSGCT) had PNR only detectable on CT pelvis. Conclusions: CT abdomen only, chest imaging, TM and PE detect majority of recurrences in stage I GCT and CT pelvis could be safely omitted during AS. Future modification in AS protocols of stage I GCT may be warranted.[Table: see text]
Quantitative Histology of Rat Liver During Carcinogenesis by &lt;italic&gt;p&lt;/italic&gt;-Dimethylaminoazobenzene&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;1&lt;/xref&gt;, &lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1955)

Quantitative Histology of Rat Liver During Carcinogenesis by p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene, Get access Roger Daoust Roger Daoust Research Laboratories, Montreal Cancer Institute, Notre-Dame Hospital, Montreal, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 15, Issue Supplement_5, April 1955, Pages 1447–1449, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/15.Supplement_5.1447 Published: 01 April 1955
THE PATENT-MEDICINE MEN ACTIVE.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

The patent-medicine men are doing their best to counteract the impression made on the public by the recent utterances of Mr. Bok in the widely circulated<i>Ladies' Home Journal</i>. Beside the suits that have been started against him and the journal, a circular has been sent out to druggists, and there are other evidences of increased activity on the part of the manufacturers. Undoubtedly this agitation will invigorate the opposition to the Pure Food Bill when it comes up before the Senate next session, and it behooves the medical profession to do its best to prevent these influences having their effect. If we are idle, the opposition is not. We may find that many votes have been pledged against the bill through the personal work of the patent-medicine manufacturers and others interested. We should relax no effort during the interim of the session of Congress to insure the passage of
Liquid biopsy<i> AR</i>/enhancer alteration detection before AR-targeted therapy and correlation with survival in metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer patients.
Authors: Alexander Shiang, Pradeep S. Chauhan, Ha X. Dang, Jace Webster, Elisa M. Ledet, Ramandeep K Babbra, Wenjia Feng, Peter K. Harris, Ellen B. Jaeger, Patrick Miller, Sydney Caputo, Giordano Fabricio Cittolin Santos, Russell Kent Pachynski, A. Oliver Sartor, Christopher Maher, Aadel A Chaudhuri
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

171 Background: Patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) have a variety of different systemic therapy options, yet survival outcomes remain poor. To minimize the chance of rapid resistance, it is critical to be able to personalize therapy upfront. We previously developed a cell-free DNA liquid biopsy assay that tracks alterations in the androgen receptor ( AR) locus, including its upstream enhancer (EnhanceAR-Seq). This assay demonstrated the ability to stratify patients based on resistance to AR-directed agents after treatment started (Dang and Chauhan et al., JCO PO, 2020). Here we evaluated if the same approach can accurately risk-stratify patients with mCRPC prior to the initiation of first-line AR-targeted therapy. Methods: We performed EnhanceAR-Seq on plasma cell-free DNA samples from 55 mCRPC patients prior to the initiation of AR-targeted therapy. Forty-seven patients were treated with Abiraterone and eight with Enzalutamide. Five patients were excluded due to having already received AR-targeted therapy or being lost to follow-up. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed, and progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed in relation to AR/enhancer locus status (wild-type vs. altered). Results: Median follow-up time was 30 months. EnhanceAR-Seq noninvasively detected AR/enhancer locus alterations in 36% (18/50) of the patients in our cohort, while 64% (32/50) were determined to be wild-type. Alterations detected by the assay were AR amplification (12/18), AR nonsynonymous single nucleotide variants (4/18), AR truncation (2/18), and AR enhancer amplification (13/18). Eleven patients had both AR gene body and enhancer amplifications present. Strikingly, patients with AR/enhancer alterations detected in plasma cell-free DNA were found to have significantly worse outcomes, with median PFS of 16.3 (wild-type) vs. 10.8 months (altered) (p = 0.046; HR = 2.10), and OS trending toward significantly different with median 34.3 (wild type) vs. 24.7 months (altered) (p = 0.19; HR = 1.05). Conclusions: AR/enhancer locus alterations in patients with mCRPC, as detected noninvasively by EnhanceAR-Seq, corresponded with significantly worse PFS and trended toward significantly worse OS. Our results support the role of cell-free DNA AR/enhancer locus alterations as prognostic, and potentially predictive, biomarkers that enable more precise upfront risk stratification and treatment personalization.
Phenylketonuria.
Authors: H. Hansen
Journal: BMJ (1968)

JouB<rm 367 susceptibility to thromboembolism seems likely to be established within the first few months.Obviously it is important to know if there is a critical period of a few months (for argument's sake, between 24 and 36 weeks after commencement, corresponding to the critical period during pregnancy) after which the incidence of thromboembolism falls abruptly, or if the risk remains at the same level throughout the period of taking the pill (full allowance being made for agedependency).In other words, if the 10 cases of thromboembolism occurring within 6 months of starting the pill are disregarded, do the remaining 16 cases constitute a significantly high incidence of the disease ?Drs.Vessey and Doll's comments on this point would, I feel sure, be welcomed.-I am, etc.,
CARL von ROKITANSKY (1804-1878)
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Analysis of “Stand Your Ground” Self-defense Laws and Statewide Rates of Homicides and Firearm Homicides
Authors: Michelle Degli Esposti, Douglas J. Wiebe, Antonio Gasparrini, David K. Humphreys
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

<h3>Importance</h3> Most US states have amended self-defense laws to enhance legal immunities for individuals using deadly force in public. Despite concerns that "stand your ground" (SYG) laws unnecessarily encourage the use of deadly violence, their impact on violent deaths and how this varies across states and demographic groups remains unclear. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate the association of SYG laws with homicide and firearm homicide, nationally and by state, while considering variation by the race, age, and sex of individuals who died by homicide. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This cohort study used a controlled, multiple-baseline and -location interrupted time series design, using natural variation in the timings and locations of SYG laws to assess associations. Changes in homicide and firearm homicide were modeled using Poisson regression analyses within a generalized additive model framework. Analyses included all US states that enacted SYG laws between 2000 and 2016 and states that did not have SYG laws enacted during the full study period, 1999 to 2017. Data were analyzed from November 2019 to December 2020. <h3>Exposures</h3> SYG self-defense laws enacted by statute between January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2016. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The main outcomes were statewide monthly rates of homicide and firearm-related homicide (per 100 000 persons) from January 1, 1999, to December 31, 2017, grouped by characteristics (ie, race, age, sex) of individuals who died by homicide. <h3>Results</h3> Forty-one states were analyzed, including 23 states that enacted SYG laws during the study period and 18 states that did not have SYG laws, with 248 358 homicides (43.7% individuals aged 20-34 years; 77.9% men and 22.1% women), including 170 659 firearm homicides. SYG laws were associated with a mean national increase of 7.8% in monthly homicide rates (incidence rate ratio [IRR],1.08; 95% CI, 1.04-1.12;<i>P</i> &lt; .001) and 8.0% in monthly firearm homicide rates (IRR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.03-1.13;<i>P</i> = .002). SYG laws were not associated with changes in the negative controls of suicide (IRR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.98-1.01) or firearm suicide (IRR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.98-1.02). Increases in violent deaths varied across states, with the largest increases (16.2% to 33.5%) clustering in the South (eg, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana). There were no differential associations of SYG laws by demographic group. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> These findings suggest that adoption of SYG laws across the US was associated with increases in violent deaths, deaths that could potentially have been avoided.
Pathology and Treatment of Diseases of Women.
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Investigation of a Large Sibship with Hemoglobin-M: Discovery of a New Hemoglobin: Hgb M oldenburg
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ARTIFICIAL PNEUMOTHORAX
Authors: H. D. C. Woodcock, J. A. M. Clark
Journal: BMJ (1914)

l'ilE suggcStions we liave to offer as to tlle valuec and dangerIsC of artificial pneiiumotlhorax are based upon experi- ence gailnedI in over 2,000 operations.Many vere done in uursiiiglhomes, blut by far the greater nuimber in the hospitals at Aruiley and Killintgbeek.to which wi-e are attaChed Our cases arc of tlhrce types: 1.Early cases wvitlh localizedl unilateral disease, clharacterizedl by little pleuritic tlhickening andi( few constitutional symptoms.2. Mediuim cases witlh miiore extelnsive disease, generally lilater;a, with more evidOnce of Aleuritic thickening, anid vith (a) slight or (b) marked signs of constitutional distuirbancee.3. Severe bilateral cases with multChl constitutional distuirb- aice, ofreringl 1no h1opeof cure by ordinaryn ethods of treatment.Pr'epcrration of Patient.Tlhe patient should spend one day in bed before the first operation; more is not needed, except for cases in Class 3.Ak lhypodermic dose of urea hydrochloride (grains 2) and quinine sulplhate is given overnight, together with I graini of morphinie and l30 graini of atropine.Just before tlle operation tho spot selected for puneCtUre is painted with tincture of iodine, and novocain and adrenalin are inijectedl into thec site of puntetutre, tlle inijection beinlg so mnanaged that botlh tlhe suiperficial and( tho deep parts are anaes- tletize(d..Again, urea lhydrochloride and quinine are adlministered subcutaneouslY, since deep injections solmie- times causo violent spaslim in the intercostal muiiiscles, -whiel should be avoided. Site of Opcrattion.With us the site of election for operation is the julnictioln of a inid-axillary line with a line running straiglht otut frolm tle niipple, buit this point mlay have to be abandoned, elspecially if thecr is mluheli basal pleturitic thickenilng.The tlicikened pleura hlas to be reg,arded as a continent slhelv- ing into ani open pleural sea.WVe seek, tlherefore, a resonant spot, preferably in the axillary line, and push tllc needle in iuntil the manometer shows that it is in the f'ree pleura.Oftell it may be necessary to forego the local iac.Sthetic, for nlovocain must not be given beyond tlle lose of safety, and therefore cannot be frequetlily inijected -it the sanie op)eration.
Child abuse and neglect
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> In this rapidly evolving field, there are limitations in the level of our knowledge that often preclude definitive statements about the prevalence of child sexual abuse (and possibly even child abuse-neglect in general). The AMA guidelines represent an attempt by the panelists to highlight some of the many varied signs and symptoms, both behavioral and physical, that are associated with the continuum of child maltreatment issues. The child victim of sexual abuse, may be initially seen with specific or nonspecific signs and symptoms of the abuse. Moreover, these manifestations may be physical ailments directly referable to the injury, or, more commonly, they may represent symbolic behavioral manifestations of the injury. As noted by the authors in their letter, the diagnosis of sexual abuse is often first recognized when a sexually transmitted disease is diagnosed in a symptomatic or asymptomatic child. It is problematic, however, to stipulate or provide
Announcement Spotlight Issue on Role of Nutrition in Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Disease
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2005)

Cardiovascular Research publishes occasional Spotlight Issues devoted to a specific research topic.These issues usually contain a number of expert reviews.In addition, a major part of each issue is reserved for original research papers.All papers are subjected to the normal peer review process (an editorial decision is usually made within 22 days of receipt of any manuscript).
Methotrexate maintenance following Ingram therapy in 'difficult' psoriasis
Authors: P.C.M. KERKHOF, J.W.H. MALI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1982)

A retrospective analysis is presented summarizing 9 years’experience using a combined regime of Ingram therapy followed by methotrexate maintenance in the management of especially difficult psoriatic patients. The lesion-free period was extended from about 1 month (controls) to 1 year, and the period before re-admission was extended from 5 months to more than 3 years.
Ex vivo enzymatic treatment converts blood type A donor lungs into universal blood type lungs
Authors: Aizhou Wang, Rafaela V. P. Ribeiro, Aadil Ali, Edson Brambate, Etienne Abdelnour-Berchtold, Vinicius Michaelsen, Yu Zhang, Peter Rahfeld, Haisle Moon, Hemant Gokhale, Anajara Gazzalle, Prodipto Pal, Mingyao Liu, Thomas K. Waddell, Christine Cserti-Gazdewich, Kathryn Tinckam, Jayachandran N. Kizhakkedathu, Lori West, Shaf Keshavjee, Stephen G. Withers, Marcelo Cypel
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2022)

Donor organ allocation is dependent on ABO matching, restricting the opportunity for some patients to receive a life-saving transplant. The enzymes FpGalNAc deacetylase and FpGalactosaminidase, used in combination, have been described to effectively convert group A (ABO-A) red blood cells (RBCs) to group O (ABO-O). Here, we study the safety and preclinical efficacy of using these enzymes to remove A antigen (A-Ag) from human donor lungs using ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP). First, the ability of these enzymes to remove A-Ag in organ perfusate solutions was examined on five human ABO-A1 RBC samples and three human aortae after static incubation. The enzymes removed greater than 99 and 90% A-Ag from RBCs and aortae, respectively, at concentrations as low as 1 μg/ml. Eight ABO-A1 human lungs were then treated by EVLP. Baseline analyses of A-Ag in lungs revealed expression predominantly in the endothelial and epithelial cells. EVLP of lungs with enzyme-containing perfusate removed over 97% of endothelial A-Ag within 4 hours. No treatment-related acute lung toxicity was observed. An ABO-incompatible transplant was then simulated with an ex vivo model of antibody-mediated rejection using ABO-O plasma as the surrogate for the recipient circulation using three donor lungs. The treatment of donor lungs minimized antibody binding, complement deposition, and antibody-mediated injury as compared with control lungs. These results show that depletion of donor lung A-Ag can be achieved with EVLP treatment. This strategy has the potential to expand ABO-incompatible lung transplantation and lead to improvements in fairness of organ allocation.
<i>Thirty-eighth Annual Report of the Board of Commissioners of Public Charities of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania for 1907; with the Report of the General Agent and Secretary, including Statistics of Hospitals, Asylums and Penal Institutions, and also the Report of the Committee on Lunacy.</i>Transmitted to the Legislature, January, 1909. (Harrisburg, Pa.: Harrisburg Publishing Co., State Printer, 1909.)
Authors: W. R. D.
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1910)
Liver Injury in a Person Taking the Diabetes Drug Rosiglitazone
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Summaries for Patients18 January 2000Liver Injury in a Person Taking the Diabetes Drug RosiglitazoneSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-2-200001180-00031 SectionsAboutFull Text ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?High levels of blood sugar in diabetic patients contribute over time to complications such as blindness and kidney failure. The goal of diabetes treatment is therefore to keep blood sugar levels normal, but treatment often involves daily injections of insulin. The thiazolidinediones are a new class of diabetes drugs in pill form that lower blood sugar levels. Unfortunately, the first approved drug in this class, troglitazone, can cause severe liver damage in a small percentage of people. It is not yet known whether the second drug in this ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled “Hepatocellular Injury in a Patient Receiving Rosiglitazone. A Case Report” It is in the 18 January 1999 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 131, pages 121-124). The authors are J. Al-Salman, H. Arjomand, D.G. Kemp, and M. Mittal.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine. Previousarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoHepatocellular Injury in a Patient Receiving Rosiglitazone: A Case Report Jameela Al-Salman , Heider Arjomand , David G. Kemp , and Manoj Mittal Metrics 18 January 2000Volume 132, Issue 2Page: 121KeywordsAbdominal painAlcoholsBloodBlood sugarDrugsHospitalizationsLiverLiver diseasesLungsNausea ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 18 January 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...