tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Altered left atrial compliance after atrial appendectomy. Influence on left atrial and ventricular filling.
Authors: B DHoit, YShao, L MTsai, RPatel, MGabel, R AWalsh
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

Previous studies have shown regional differences in atrial distensibility. We studied 12 open-chest dogs to test the hypothesis that left atrial compliance is decreased after removal of the left atrial appendage and to determine the effect of altered atrial compliance on atrial reservoir and conduit function. Sonomicrometer crystal pairs were used to measure the long- and short-axis diameters of the left atrium over a wide range of intracardiac pressures and volumes obtained by intravenous hetastarch infusion both before and after suture ligation of the left atrial appendage (appendectomy). Pulmonary venous flow was measured with an ultrasonic flowmeter, and transmitral flow velocities were measured with transesophageal Doppler echocardiography. After appendectomy, the diastolic pressure-volume relation was shifted upward and to the left in six of seven dogs. The mean dynamic stiffness constant of the left atrial diastolic pressure-volume relation was significantly greater after appendectomy than before (...
Financial Burden and Patient-Reported Outcomes after Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: Impact of Pre-Treatment Awareness of Transplant-Associated Costs
Authors: Diana Y Salas Coronado, Theresa Hahn, Randy Albelda, Nandita Khera, Oreofe O. Odejide, Robert J. Soiffer, S. Yousuf Zafar, Gregory A. Abel
Journal: Blood (2017)
The response of canine coronary vascular resistance to local alterations in coronary arterial P CO2.
Authors: R BCase, HGreenberg
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

The effect of hypercapnia on coronary vascular resistance (CVR) was studied in seven open-chest dogs. Coronary blood flow was supplied to the cannulated left main coronary artery from the femoral artery by a precision pump. Coronary arterial PCO2 was locally controlled with a small membrane oxygenator in the coronary perfusion circuit. Each PCO2 change was made at a constant coronary flow, and CVR was calculated from the ratio of perfusion pressure to flow. Coronary sinus (CS) PCO2 and PO2 were recorded continuously from blood withdrawn through a CS catheter. Normocapnia (PCO2 = 42.3 +/- 2.8 mm Hg) was obtained with a membrane oxygenator gas composition of 95% O2-5% CO2, and hypocapnia was produced with 100% O2-0% CO2. In addition to physiology normal coronary flow (determined by a CS PO2 of 20-30 mm Hg) relatively high and low flow states were studied. At a normal control CS PO2, a decrease in coronary arterial PCO2 from 42.3 +/- 2.8 to 23.8 +/- 1.3 mm Hg caused CVR to increase by 84.2%, from 1.27 +/- 0....
53P Antitumoral effects of the Met inhibitor savolitinib in combination with durvalumab in a syngeneic small cell lung cancer mouse model
Authors: R. Del Rev-Vergara, M.A. Galindo-Campos, M. Hardy-Werbin, L. Moliner, A. Ríos-Hoyo, C. Martínez, M. Carpes, S. González-Gallardo, Á. Taus, A. Rovira, E. Arriola
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Treatment with deferoxamine during ischemia improves functional and metabolic recovery and reduces reperfusion-induced oxygen radical generation in rabbit hearts.
Authors: R EWilliams, J LZweier, J TFlaherty
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDIron may play a central role in oxygen radical generation during myocardial ischemia and after reperfusion. Because conditions during ischemia may also liberate iron, we hypothesized that administration of the iron chelator deferoxamine during ischemia would result in improved functional and metabolic recovery after postischemic reperfusion.METHODS AND RESULTSIsolated, perfused rabbit hearts were studied by phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The hearts received one of three treatments: deferoxamine at the onset of 30 minutes of global ischemia (n = 9), deferoxamine as a bolus followed by a continuous 15-minute infusion begun at reflow (n = 9), or standard perfusate (n = 7). Hearts treated with deferoxamine during ischemia showed better recovery of developed pressure than did control hearts (63.2 +/- 7.5% versus 41.2 +/- 2.9% of baseline) (p = 0.02) and better recovery of myocardial phosphocreatine content (92.4 +/- 10.3% versus 68.2 +/- 4.5% of baseline, p less than 0.05). Th...
Neuronally released norepinephrine does not preferentially activate postjunctional alpha 1-adrenoceptors in human blood vessels in vitro.
Authors: M JStevens, R FMoulds
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

Human isolated digital arteries and metatarsal veins, obtained postmortem, have been used to compare the effects of alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists on contractile responses to nerve stimulation. The antagonists used were prazosin, rauwolscine, BE 2254, and yohimbine. Rauwolscine (alpha 2-antagonist), as well as prazosin and BE 2254 (alpha 1-antagonists), in concentrations of 10(-9), 10(-8), and 10(-7) mol/liter, potently antagonized the frequency-response curves to nerve stimulation. Yohimbine (alpha 2-antagonist) was slightly less potent, failing to antagonize responses to nerve stimulation in arteries at the concentration of 10(-9) mol/liter significantly, but producing potent antagonism of responses in both arteries and veins at higher concentrations (10(-8), 10(-7) mol/liter). All antagonists inhibited the contractile responses to nerve stimulation to a greater extent in veins than in arteries. Rauwolscine (10(-9), 10(-8), and 10(-7) mol/liter) and BE 2254 (10(-7) but not 10(-8) mol/liter) significantl...
Mitral valve repair in rheumatic disease. The flexible solution.
Authors: J MBernal, J MRabasa, F GVilchez, J CCagigas, J MRevuelta
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDMitral valve repair in rheumatic disease is technically more difficult, and there is little information on the long-term stability of this technique.METHODS AND RESULTSFrom January 1975 to December 1990, 327 patients underwent mitral valve repair with the Duran flexible ring annuloplasty for rheumatic valve disease. Mean age was 45.4 +/- 12.6 years (range, 23 to 73 years). The techniques used for valve repair include a Duran flexible ring annuloplasty in all cases, commissurotomy in 272 (83.2%), papillary muscle splitting in 171 (52.3%), and subvalvular apparatus repair in 59 patients (18.0%). One hundred one patients required associated tricuspid valve surgery (30.8%). Hospital mortality was 3.36%, being lower for patients with isolated mitral valve repair (2.7%) than those with mitrotricuspid surgery (4.9%). Mean follow-up was 8.6 years (range, 1 to 17 years) and was 96.5% completed. Thirty-four patients required reoperation for severe mitral insufficiency in 12, mitral restenosis in 18, and a...
Thyroid Supplements and Breast Cancer
Authors: Jack R. Harnes
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The anxiety created in one of my patients by the publicity given the article by Kapdi and Wolfe prompts the following comments: I find it remarkable that the authors accepted as fact that all 635 patients receiving thyroid supplements had hypothyroidism or simple goiter. My experience has been that the majority of women receiving thyroid medication have not and have never had any thyroid disease. Since these women often have received thyroid medication for fatigue, obesity, menstrual irregularity, or psychoneurotic complaints, I cannot help but wonder what percentage were also taking estrogen supplements or other medications. One must also wonder what percentage of the nulliparous women, who had the highest incidence of breast cancer, were nulliparous because they had been taking birth control pills, which some authorities incriminate as a cause of breast cancer. If one subtracts the patients in Table 5 from
Vasectomy and increased risk of prostate cancer [letter]
Authors: Perlman Ja, Brawley Ow, Ford Lg, Kramer Bs
Journal: JAMA (1993)

The Health Professionals Study by Giovannucci from Harvard University demonstrated an increased risk of prostate cancer and vasectomy in men born between 1911 and 1946 and vasectomized prior to 1965.  In the Nurses Health Study by Giovannucci risk was limited to men vasectomized older than age 40 years.  However a recent National Institutes of Health panel stated that there is insufficient basis for changing current practices of screening sterilized men for prostate cancer.  Weak associations between contraception and cancer may require 50 or more observational studies to establish causality.  Observational studies cannot  discern how many self-reported prostatic adenocarcinomas may have been nonneoplastic lesions including prostatic dysplasia prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia or benign prostatic hyperplasias that were treated as prostate cancer.   Approximately 20-35% of men older than age 40 years harbor small latent carcinomas.  With only 3% of the men in the Harvard cohort studies identified as tumor positive potential screening bias is a major concern.  The studies must avoid detection bias and must focus on the prostate disease entity and its sequelae.  Sponsored by the National Cancer Institute the 74000-man PLCO Cancer Screening Trial and the placebo-controlled 18000-man Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial were launched in 1993; these trials have design advantages including equalized numbers of prostate-specific antigens and digital rectal examinations; lifetime mortality follow-ups; and in the prevention trial using finasteride prostatic biopsies for all participants.  Substudies of vasectomized men participating in randomized prevention and screening trials of prostate cancer are also initiated.  Concerned vasectomized men ought to be informed about the recently completed prostate cancer studies including their uncertainties explaining that the issue is now under intensive investigation.
113P Comparative efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor monotherapy or in addition to chemotherapy for advanced, PD-L1 high non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): A meta-analysis of randomized trials
Authors: A. Di Federico, A. De Giglio, G. Nuvola, C. Deiana, N. Conci, C. Bonucci, G. Donati, C. Parisi, F. Gelsomino, A. Ardizzoni
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Identification of a time window for therapy to reduce experimental canine myocardial injury: suppression of neutrophil activation during 72 hours of reperfusion.
Authors: P JSimpson, J CFantone, J KMickelson, K PGallagher, B RLucchesi
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

The cardio-protective effects of neutrophil depletion or inhibition of neutrophil activation early in the course of myocardial reperfusion has been established. Whether these treatments would be effective during extended periods of reperfusion has not been ascertained. Open-chest anesthetized dogs were subjected to left circumflex artery (LCX) occlusion for 90 minutes followed by 72 hours of reperfusion. Dogs were randomized into one of four groups: 1) control; 2) Ilo-2 (iloprost 100 ng/kg/min administered via the left atrium beginning 10 minutes after LCX occlusion and continuing 2 hours into reperfusion); 3) Ilo-48 (iloprost 100 ng/kg/min administered as above until 1 hour after reperfusion then 25 ng/kg/min for 48 hours of reperfusion; or 4) antibody (neutrophil antibody administered before occlusion and 1/2 hourly for 2 hours of reperfusion and then every 24 hours). Myocardial infarct size, as a percentage of the area at risk assessed after 72 hours of reperfusion, was significantly smaller in the ant...
Comparison of Therapy in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Clear Definition and Accurate Subgroup Data
Authors: Fucun Xie, Jinzhu Mao, Haitao Zhao
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Lumacaftor–Ivacaftor in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis Homozygous for Phe508del <i>CFTR</i>
Authors: Abdul Rehman, Noor Ul-Ain Baloch, Ibrahim A Janahi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

To the Editor: With regard to the article by Wainwright et al. (July 16 issue),1 randomized trials evaluating the efficacy of lumacaftor, ivacaftor, or both have included only a limited number of patients with a forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) at baseline of less than 40% of the predicted value. Only 52 patients in the TRAFFIC and TRANSPORT trials and none of the patients in several other studies had this low percentage of predicted FEV1 at baseline. 2,3 Since the majority of patients in resource-limited countries receive a diagnosis of cystic fibrosis later in childhood (when the disease might be advanced), the efficacy of lumacaftor–ivacaftor therapy in patients with poor pulmonary function needs to be evaluated further. Moreover, the current cost of lumacaftor–ivacaftor therapy is almost $300,000 per year; this is much higher than the cost of conventional therapy, which is less than $300 per year. Since the magnitude of change observed with lumacaftor– ivacaftor therapy was “in the range of the magnitudes of change seen in studies of other cystic fibrosis therapeutics,”1 the cost-effectiveness of this form of therapy should be evaluated.4 Finally, in some regions of the world, the Phe508del CFTR mutation is uncommon (e.g., one study5 showed that only 26.9% of patients with cystic fibrosis in the United Arab Emirates are homozygous for this allele). For these patients, conventional therapy (hypertonic saline, azithromycin, or ibuprofen) remains the treatment of choice.
The AMA, Tobacco, and the Public Health
Authors: Carlo La Vecchia
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —For decades, there has been a widespread social acceptance of cigarette smoking in Italy. The Ministry of Health (or any other governmental body) did not make or support any serious campaign to inform the public about the risks and damages of smoking, even when these were clear on a scientific level and most other Western countries took measures to control smoking.<sup>1</sup>Thus, any manufacturer operating in the Italian market was allowed to sell cigarettes without information or warning labels,<sup>2</sup>and the Italian Parliament imposed some warning only in 1991—more than two decades after the United States, Canada, and most other Western countries.<sup>3</sup> Mr Mario Stalteri was a pack-a-day smoker for 40 years, mostly of cigarettes produced by the state-owned manufacturer. In 1991, he died of lung cancer at 64 years of age, 4 years after stopping smoking. Following US developments in the topic of
Effect of heart rate on the canine end-systolic pressure-volume relationship.
Authors: W LMaughan, KSunagawa, DBurkhoff, W LGraves, W CHunter, KSagawa
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Although the rate dependence of isolated muscle contractility is well known, the ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relationship (ESPVR) has been reported to be insensitive to heart rate. To resolve this contradiction, we used an isolated, ejecting canine heart preparation perfused at a constant coronary arterial pressure. Heart rate was changed from 60 to 200 beats/min in steps of 20 beats/min. At least 10 pressure-volume loops under different filling pressures were obtained at each heart rate in each of six hearts. Over a heart rate range from 60 to 120 beats/min, the slope of the ESPVR (Ees) increased significantly from 3.5 +/- 0.4 (SE) to 5.3 +/- 0.6 mm Hg/ml. In the range between 120 and 180 beats/min there was little change in Ees (5.3 +/- 0.6 to 5.4 +/- 0.6 mm Hg/ml), but at 200 beats/min Ees increased slightly to 5.7 +/- 0.5 mm Hg/ml. The volume axis intercept (V0) of the ESPVR changed little over the range of heart rate from 60 to 160 beats/min (10.2 +/- 2 ml to 9.4 +/- 1.3 ml) but increase...
Health-related quality of life in patients with microsatellite instability-high or mismatch repair deficient metastatic colorectal cancer treated with first-line pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy (KEYNOTE-177): an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial
Authors: Thierry Andre, Mayur Amonkar, Josephine M Norquist, Kai-Keen Shiu, Tae Won Kim, Benny Vittrup Jensen, Lars Henrik Jensen, Cornelis J A Punt, Denis Smith, Rocio Garcia-Carbonero, Isabel Sevilla, Christelle De La Fouchardiere, Fernando Rivera, Elena Elez, Luis A Diaz, Takayuki Yoshino, Eric Van Cutsem, Ping Yang, Mohammed Farooqui, Dung T Le
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2021)
Drug development for ulcerative proctitis: current concepts
Authors: Bénédicte Caron, William J Sandborn, Stefan Schreiber, Remo Panaccione, Silvio Danese, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
Journal: Gut (2021)

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterised by intestinal inflammation limited to the rectum and colonic mucosa.1 At presentation, approximately 30% of patients have inflammation involving the rectum only, termed ulcerative proctitis (UP).2 3 Proximal extension of UP may occur in up to 28% of patients after 5 years follow-up with progression to extensive colitis in 49% of cases.4–8 A population-based study of paediatric-onset UC demonstrated that 25% of patients with paediatric UC had UP at diagnosis and 49% of them presented a colonic extension at maximal follow-up.9

UP is specifically defined by the disease not extending not beyond the rectum (ie, proximal extent of inflammation is distal to the rectosigmoid junction).10 However, there is no universal standard for defining UP. The Montreal classification divides the distribution of UC only into UP (E1: limited to the rectum), left-sided colitis (E2: up to the splenic flexure) and extensive colitis (E3: beyond splenic flexure).11 12 American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) Institute Guidelines defined proctitis as an in inflammation limited to the rectum or <15–20 cm from anus.13

Clinical symptoms vary based of disease extent.14 UP is responsible for distressing symptoms including increased rectal bleeding, tenesmus, urgency, faecal leakage, faecal incontinence and reduced quality of life.4 6 The presence of diarrhoea is variable, and in fact up to 20–30% of patients are have delayed transit and are constipated.14 15 The presence of constipation in patients with UC is associated with women, active disease and distal colon involvement.15 Such data are lacking in patients with UP. Medical management of these patients may be challenging, in part because only limited data are available on the treatment of UP.5 16 The therapeutic approach in patients with UC and specifically UP mainly …
Chronic incomplete atrioventricular block induced by radiofrequency catheter ablation.
Authors: S KHuang, SBharati, A RGraham, GGorman, MLev
Journal: Circulation (1989)

To determine if catheter ablation of the atrioventricular (AV) junction with radiofrequency energy can induce chronic incomplete (first- and second-degree) AV block to avoid the need for a permanent pacemaker, 20 closed-chest dogs were studied. Group 1 (10 dogs) received radiofrequency energy (750 kHz) with a fixed power setting (5 or 10 W) while increasing the pulse duration from 10 to 50 seconds for each application. Group 2 (10 dogs) received energy with a fixed pulse duration (20 or 30 seconds) while increasing the power setting from 5 to 10 W or from 10 to 20 W during each energy delivery. Radiofrequency energy was delivered between a chest-patch electrode and the distal electrode of a regular 7F tripolar His bundle catheter. For each application, the energy delivery was interrupted when 1) the PR interval prolonged (greater than 50%) or 2) second-degree or complete AV block occurred and persisted up to 5 seconds. The ablation procedure ended when there was 1) persistent PR prolongation (greater than...
Viable SARS-CoV-2 Shedding
Authors: Min-Chul Kim, Man-Seong Park, Jin-Won Chung
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03225586) involved 200,000 persons from 27 countriesamong whom 9.8% had diabetes.This study confirmed a low prevalence of statin use among persons with diabetes but no previous cardiovascular disease (9.7% overall, 36.9% in high-income countries, 8.9% in middle-income countries, and 1.0% in low-income countries) (unpublished data).These findings suggest that clinicians are not sufficiently convinced by current evidence to administer statins to persons with diabetes who do not have vascular disease.Under such circumstances, it is reasonable to generate more evidence of the efficacy of statins and other drugs in this population.TIPS-3 was approved by the ethics committees at each center and by the regulatory bodies in each country.
Diastolic 'locking' of the mitral valve: possible importance of diastolic myocardial properties.
Authors: DDavid, E LMichelson, MNaito, C CChen, MSchaffenburg, L SDreifus
Journal: Circulation (1986)

The effects of pharmacologically induced changes in myocardial properties on diastolic mitral valve mechanics were studied in five open-chest dogs. After the induction of complete atrioventricular block, the dogs were subjected to a protocol of programmed pacing. During prolonged diastolic pauses, programmed atrial contractions were induced at progressively increasing coupling intervals. Echocardiographically determined mitral valve reopening time was established for each coupling interval in the control state as well as under the influence of calcium or verapamil. Compared with control, calcium caused an increase in myocardial tension from 23.8 +/- 3.0 to 30.0 +/- 4.6 g/cm2 (mean +/- SD, p less than .005) as well as an increase in mean septal contraction and relaxation velocities from 142 +/- 25.9 and 144 +/- 15.2 mm/sec to 188 +/- 21.7 and 174 +/- 19.5 mm/sec, respectively (each p less than .001). Conversely, verapamil caused a decrease in mean myocardial tension from 23.8 +/- 3.0 to 19.4 +/- 5.3 g/cm2 ...
Quality and Safety in Healthcare, Part LXXXVI
Authors: Jay A. Harolds
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

The Comprehensive Unit-Based Safety Program or CUSP is a methodology to enhance teamwork and improve safety by building on the TeamSTEPPS program, the concepts of a safety culture, knowledge of safety science, engaging patients and their families, and standard change management techniques. It can be used with multiple other approaches to help healthcare organizations achieve high reliability.