tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2846: Parental Perception of Uncertainty and Stress following the Norwood Operation in Infants with Single Ventricle
Authors: E. Marsha Elixson, Sandra Staveski, Jo Ann Nieves, Jennifer Strawn, Cathy Smith, Karen Uzark
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Caregivers of infants with complex single ventricle (SV) may experience significant stress related to uncertainty concerning their infant’s heart condition and care needs. To better understand the stress experienced by these families, we assessed parental uncertainty, its relationship to patient characteristics, and compared to parents of premature infants (premies). As part of a multicenter study of feeding practices, parents of 52 neonates with SV completed the Mishel Parental Perception of Uncertainty scale (PPUS) prior to hospital discharge following the Norwood operation. The PPUS contains 4 subscales: Ambiguity, Lack of Clarity, Lack of Information (info), and Unpredictability. Mean age at surgery was 5.3 days (range 1–18) and mean weight 3.2 kg (range 2.2–3.8). Median hospital length of stay (HLOS) was 24 days. Mean O 2 saturation at discharge was 83% (range 72–94%). Primary feeding method at discharge was oral in 19, tube in 13, and combination of oral+ tube in 20. Thirty six were discharged with a daily home surveillance (HS) program. Results: With higher scores = higher uncertainty, PPUS scores were highest related to unpredictability (mean/SD = 3.13/0.70) and lowest related to lack of info (mean/SD = 1.65/0.51). Overall PPUS scores in parents of infants with SV were significantly lower than norms reported for parents of premies, especially related to lack of info, p&lt;.01. PPUS scores were not significantly correlated with infant age (r=.036), O 2 saturation (r=.104), or HLOS (r=.117), Parents of infants with oral + tube feeding tend to have lower PPUS scores (mean 67.2) than infants fed by tube alone (mean 73.1). Mean PPUS scores from parents of infants discharged with daily HS (69.9) were not significantly different than parents without HS (71.4). Conclusion: Parents of infants with SV experience stress especially related to the unpredictability of their infant’s symptoms and outcome. SV parents perceive less uncertainty, especially related to lack of info regarding their infant’s diagnosis and illness severity than parents of premies. Alternative feeding strategies and home monitoring, (including monitoring associated with this study), may assist parents in dealing with the uncertainty of their child’s illness following the Norwood operation.
Specifying separation: avoidance, abstraction, openness to new experiences
Authors: Anita Körner, Fritz Strack
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2021)

Abstract Lee and Schwarz suggest grounded procedures of separation as a mechanism for embodied cleansing. We compare this process to other mechanisms in grounded cognition and suggest a broader conceptualization that allows integration into general cognitive models of social behavior. Specifically, separation will be understood as a mindset of completed avoidance resulting in high abstraction and openness to new experiences.
Elucidation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome in Western Corn Rootworm Reveals Its Dynamic and Evolutionary Complexity
Authors: Xiaozeng Yang, Elane Fishilevich, Marcelo A. German, Premchand Gandra, Robert E. McEwan, André Billion, Eileen Knorr, Andreas Vilcinskas, Kenneth E. Narva
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2021)

Abstract Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (western corn rootworm, WCR) is one of the most destructive agricultural insect pests in North America. It is highly adaptive to environmental stimuli and crop protection technologies. However, little is known about the underlying genetic basis of WCR behavior and adaptation. More specifically, the involvement of small RNAs (sRNAs), especially microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of endogenous small non-coding RNAs that regulate various biological processes, has not been examined, and the datasets of putative sRNA sequences have not previously been generated for WCR. To achieve a comprehensive collection of sRNA transcriptomes in WCR, we constructed, sequenced, and analyzed sRNA libraries from different life stages of WCR and northern corn rootworm (NCR), and identified 101 conserved precursor miRNAs (pre-miRNAs) in WCR and other Arthropoda. We also identified 277 corn rootworm specific pre-miRNAs. Systematic analyses of sRNA populations in WCR revealed that its sRNA transcriptome, which includes PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) and miRNAs, undergoes a dynamic change throughout insect development. Phylogenetic analysis of miRNA datasets from model species reveals that a large pool of species-specific miRNAs exists in corn rootworm; these are potentially evolutionarily transient. Comparisons of WCR miRNA clusters to other insect species highlight conserved miRNA-regulated processes that are common to insects. Parallel Analysis of RNA Ends (PARE) also uncovered potential miRNA-guided cleavage sites in WCR. Overall, this study provides a new resource for studying the sRNA transcriptome and miRNA-mediated gene regulation in WCR and other Coleopteran insects.
Abstract 16596: Immune Evasion by Human Neonatal Cardiac Mesenchymal Stem Cells Demonstrates Therapeutic Application in Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Muthukumar Gunasekaran, Rachana Mishra, Progyaparamita Saha, Aakash Shah, Lauren Davidson, Yasir M Arfat, Mohamed Abdullah, Xuebin Fu, Deqiang Li, Sudhish Sharma, Sunjay Kaushal
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Immune rejection of transplanted stem cells is a major stumbling block in designing effective therapy for myocardial infarction. Human neonatal cardiac mesenchymal stem cells (nMSCs) showed superior cardiac functional recovery compared to adult MSCs in immune competent rat MI model. However, molecular mechanisms underlying immune evasion by transplanted nMSCs in the infarcted myocardium remain unexplored. In this investigation, we demonstrate for the first-time the expression, regulation and function of CD47 in human nMSCs and its novel mechanism of immune evasion increases its regenerative potential in rat MI model. Transplanted nMSCs showed significant increased cell retention, reduced phagocytosis and CD68 + cells compared to aMSCs in rat MI model. Comparative proteomic analysis by LC-MS/MS on nMSCs and aMSCs showed that CD47 higher in nMSCs. Increased CD47 expression in nMSCs inhibited phagocytosis compared to aMSCs in vitro and in vivo . Further, CD47 blockade in nMSCs using anti-CD47, siRNA and shRNA lentiviral based approaches increased in vitro , in vivo phagocytosis, CD68 + cells and reduced cell retention and MI recovery in vivo . Microarray analysis and validation showed miR-34a was significantly higher in aMSCs than nMSCs. To unravel CD47 regulation in aMSCs, we performed target scan analysis that predicted miR-34a binds on CD47. Further, miR-34a over expression in nMSCs reduced CD47 expression, increased in vitro and in vivo phagocytosis and reduced cell retention and MI recovery. In conclusion, increased CD47 expression in nMSCs inhibit phagocytosis by CD47/SIRPα immune regulatory axis to demonstrates its immune evasion potential and its therapeutic applications in myocardial infarction.
Abstract 11823: Low Preprocedural Transvalvular Gradient Predicts Cardiovascular Mortality Following Tavi: Insights From the France 2 Registry
Authors: Nicolas Amabile, Helene Agostini, Said Ghostine, Martine Gilard, Helene Eltchaninoff, Bernard Iung, Patrick Donzeau-Gouge, Karine Chevreul, Jean Fajadet, Pascal Leprince, Alain Leguerrier, Michel Lievre, Alain Prat, Emmanuel Teiger, Marc Laskar, Christophe Caussin
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: Transaortic valve implantation (TAVI) has emerged as a viable alternative to conventional aortic valve replacement for selected patients. Although the technique is expanding, relative...
Response to stress is not necessarily pathological
Authors: L. Jones
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,--Beverley Raphael and colleagues' critical examination of the value of debriefing after psychological trauma focuses primarily on treatment after single disasters but could be extended to the wide range of psychological treatments offered to victims of current wars.1 The failure of the concept of post-traumatic stress disorder to embrace the complexity of the experiences of suffering and loss in these situations has been addressed by other authors,2 including me.3 The treatment strategies that follow in its wake are equally problematic. They rest on an assumption of a …
TREM2 sustains macrophage-hepatocyte metabolic coordination in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and sepsis
Authors: Jinchao Hou, Jue Zhang, Ping Cui, Yingyue Zhou, Can Liu, Xiaoliang Wu, Yun Ji, Sicong Wang, Baoli Cheng, Hui Ye, Liqi Shu, Kai Zhang, Di Wang, Jielin Xu, Qiang Shu, Marco Colonna, Xiangming Fang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2021)

Sepsis is a leading cause of death in critical illness, and its pathophysiology varies depending on preexisting medical conditions. Here we identified nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as an independent risk factor for sepsis in a large clinical cohort and showed a link between mortality in NAFLD-associated sepsis and hepatic mitochondrial and energetic metabolism dysfunction. Using in vivo and in vitro models of liver lipid overload, we discovered a metabolic coordination between hepatocyte mitochondria and liver macrophages that express triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM2). Trem2-deficient macrophages released exosomes that impaired hepatocytic mitochondrial structure and energy supply because of their high content of miR-106b-5p, which blocks Mitofusin 2 (Mfn2). In a mouse model of NAFLD-associated sepsis, TREM2 deficiency accelerated the initial progression of NAFLD and subsequent susceptibility to sepsis. Conversely, overexpression of TREM2 in liver macrophages improved hepatic energy supply and sepsis outcome. This study demonstrates that NAFLD is a risk factor for sepsis, providing a basis for precision treatment, and identifies hepatocyte-macrophage metabolic coordination and TREM2 as potential targets for future clinical trials.
Truth and Reconciliation of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities: A Case Study of COVID-19
Authors: Alice B. Popejoy
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2021)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:Structural Racism in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Moving ForwardThis article is referred to by:An Open Dialogue on Health Disparities and Structural Racism: Response to Open Peer Commentaries DISCLOSURE STATEMENTNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis work was supported in part by the National Human Genome Research Institute [U41HG009649]. The opinions in this commentary are those of the author and are not representative of the NIH or Stanford University.
Abstract 10479: Timing of Randomization During Hospitalization for Heart Failure, Patient Profile, and Clinical Trial Performance: Insights From the ASTRONAUT Trial
Authors: Stephen J Greene, Gregg C Fonarow, Scott D Solomon, Haris P Subacius, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Andrew P Ambrosy, Marat Fudim, Eldrin F Lewis, Aldo P Maggioni, Michael Böhm, Faiez Zannad, Javed Butler
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Prior hospitalized heart failure (HF) trials have specified enrollment early after admission. This requirement is intended to capture a particular patient profile, but may be a barrier ...
TRPA1: An asthma target with a zing
Authors: Sven-Eric Jordt
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2021)

Asthma therapy has advanced remarkably; however, a significant number of patients respond poorly to current interventions. Balestrini et al. (2021. J. Exp. Med.https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20201637) advance the concept that sensory nerves control inflammation in asthma, demonstrating that a novel inhibitor of TRPA1, a nerve receptor for irritants and reactive endogenous mediators, suppresses inflammation and airway smooth muscle contraction in several preclinical species.
Use of a media intervention to increase positive attitudes toward transgender and gender diverse individuals
Authors: Mark D. Taracuk, Julie M. Koch
Journal: International Journal of Transgender Health (2021)

As issues related to transgender and gender diverse individuals gain more national media attention, professional organizations that promote mental health and LGBTQ + rights continue to advocate for equality and inclusion. Barriers to equality and inclusion for transgender and gender diverse individuals can include a variety of factors including discrimination in educational and workplace settings, and issues related to housing, poverty, and homelessness.To examine the impact of a media intervention on changing attitudes toward transgender and gender diverse individuals.A total of 223 students from a large, Midwestern university in the USA participated and received a 45-minute media intervention along with pre- and post-testing.A split-plot factorial ANOVA to investigate potential differences in attitudes and beliefs toward transgender and gender diverse individuals using the Transgender Attitude and Beliefs Scale indicated a statistically significant interaction based on a media intervention where F(1, 109) = 7.042, p = .009. A split-plot factorial ANOVA to investigate potential differences in willingness to engage in social action on behalf of this population measured by the Social Justice Scale did not indicate a statistically significant interaction based on the media intervention where F(1, 109) = .881, p = .350.These findings suggest that a variety of potential media interventions can increase positive attitudes and beliefs toward marginalized groups, but a stronger and/or additional intervention is needed for participants to engage in social action on behalf of the group. Implications and limitations of the study are discussed.
pH-sensitive micelles self-assembled from star-shaped TPGS copolymers with ortho ester linkages for enhanced MDR reversal and chemotherapy
Authors: Yong Xu, Shi Wang, Longshun Yang, Yuhang Dong, Yafang Zhang, Guoqing Yan, Rupei Tang
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2021)

TPGS approved by FDA can be used as a P-gp inhibitor to effectively reverse multi-drug resistance (MDR) and as an anticancer agent for synergistic antitumor effects. However, the comparatively high critical micelle concentration (CMC), low drug loading (DL) and poor tumor target limit its further clinical application. To overcome these drawbacks, the pH-sensitive star-shaped TPGS copolymers were successfully constructed via using pentaerythritol as the initial materials, ortho esters as the pH-triggered linkages and TPGS active-ester as the terminated MDR material. The amphiphilic star-shaped TPGS copolymers could self-assemble into free and doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded micelles at neutral aqueous solutions. The micelles exhibited the lower CMC (8.2 × 10−5 mg/ml), higher DL (10.8%) and long-term storage and circulation stability, and showed enhanced cellular uptake, apoptosis, cytotoxicity, and growth inhibition for in vitro MCF-7/ADR and/or MCF-7/ADR multicellular spheroids and in vivo MCF-7/ADR tumors via efficiently targeted drug release at tumoral intracellular pH (5.0), MDR reversal of TPGS, and synergistic effect of DOX and TPGS. Therefore, the pH-sensitive micelles self-assembled from star-shaped TPGS copolymers with ortho ester linkages are potentially useful to clinically transform for enhanced MDR cancer treatment.
The contribution of gut bacterial metabolites in the human immune signaling pathway of non-communicable diseases
Authors: F. Hosseinkhani, A. Heinken, I. Thiele, P. W. Lindenburg, A. C. Harms, T. Hankemeier
Journal: Gut Microbes (2021)

The interaction disorder between gut microbiota and its host has been documented in different non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as metabolic syndrome, neurodegenerative disease, and autoimmune disease. The majority of these altered interactions arise through metabolic cross-talk between gut microbiota and host immune system, inducing a low-grade chronic inflammation that characterizes all NCDs. In this review, we discuss the contribution of bacterial metabolites to immune signaling pathways involved in NCDs. We then review recent advances that aid to rationally design microbial therapeutics. A deeper understanding of these intersections between host and gut microbiota metabolism using metabolomics-based system biology platform promises to reveal the fundamental mechanisms that drive metabolic predispositions to disease and suggest new avenues to use microbial therapeutic opportunities for NCDs treatment and prevention.
Abstract 12239: Biallelic Variants in ASNA1 Cause Rapidly Progressive Pediatric Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Judith M Verhagen, Myrthe van den Born, Herma C van der Linde, Peter G Nikkels, Rob M Verdijk, Leontine M van Unen, Annette F Baas, Henriette ter Heide, Lennie van Osch-Gevers, Marianne Hoogeveen-Westerveld, Johanna C Herkert, Marjon A van Slegtenhorst, Marja W Wessels, Frans W Verheijen, David M Hassel, Robert M Hofstra, Ramanujan S Hegde, Tjakko J van Ham, Peter M van Hasselt, Ingrid M van de Laar
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Pediatric cardiomyopathies are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of heart muscle disorders associated with high morbidity and mortality. Although knowledge of the genetic basis of pe...
Detection of α-synuclein in CSF by RT-QuIC in patients with isolated rapid-eye-movement sleep behaviour disorder: a longitudinal observational study
Authors: Alex Iranzo, Graham Fairfoul, Anutra Chumbala Na Ayudhaya, Monica Serradell, Ellen Gelpi, Isabel Vilaseca, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, Carles Gaig, Joan Santamaria, Eduard Tolosa, Renata L Riha, Alison J E Green
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2021)
Glycan modification of rPhl p5a leads to superior suppression of allergic inflammation in SCIT mouse model of allergic asthma
Authors: L. Hesse, R. Feenstra, H. Kalay, M. Ambrosini, A. H. Petersen, H. Vietor, Y. Van Kooyk, M. C. Nawijn
Journal: Allergy (2020)
Biases in demographic modelling affect our understanding of recent divergence
Authors: Paolo Momigliano, Ann-Britt Florin, Juha Merilä
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2021)

Testing among competing demographic models of divergence has become an important component of evolutionary research in model and non-model organisms. However, the effect of unaccounted demographic events on model choice and parameter estimation remains largely unexplored. Using extensive simulations, we demonstrate that under realistic divergence scenarios, failure to account for population size (Ne) changes in daughter and ancestral populations leads to strong biases in divergence time estimates as well as model choice. We illustrate these issues reconstructing the recent demographic history of North Sea and Baltic Sea turbots (Scophthalmus maximus) by testing 16 isolation with migration (IM) and 16 secondary contact (SC) scenarios, modeling changes in Ne as well as the effects of linked selection and barrier loci. Failure to account for changes in Ne resulted in selecting SC models with long periods of strict isolation and divergence times preceding the formation of the Baltic Sea. In contrast, models accounting for Ne changes suggest recent (<6 kya) divergence with constant gene flow. We further show how interpreting genomic landscapes of differentiation can help discerning among competing models. For example, in the turbot data, islands of differentiation show signatures of recent selective sweeps, rather than old divergence resisting secondary introgression. The results have broad implications for the study of population divergence by highlighting the potential effects of unmodeled changes in Ne on demographic inference. Tested models should aim at representing realistic divergence scenarios for the target taxa, and extreme caution should always be exercised when interpreting results of demographic modeling.
Abstract 13114: P22phox Protects the Heart Against Pressure Overload
Authors: Yasuki Nakada, Wataru Mizushima, Yanfei Yang, Peiyong Zhai, Shinichi Oka, Nadezhda Fefelova, Lai-hua Xie, Tong Liu, Hong Li, Junichi Sadoshima
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: p22phox forms a complex with NADPH oxidases, major sources of O2- and H2O2. However, the role of p22phox during stress remains to be elucidated. Purpose: To investigate the role of en...
Clinical, virologic and immunologic features of a mild case of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection
Authors: Pauline Vetter, Samuel Cordey, Manuel Schibler, Laure Vieux, Lena Despres, Florian Laubscher, Diego O. Andrey, Romain Martischang, Stephan Harbarth, Clémence Cuvelier, Meriem Bekliz, Isabella Eckerle, Claire-Anne Siegrist, Arnaud M. Didierlaurent, Christiane S. Eberhardt, Benjamin Meyer, Laurent Kaiser
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2021)
Abstract PS18-51: Leptin receptor expression in breast tumors and chromatin modulators: A comparative study
Authors: Sara Pacheco, Maria E. Juarez, Sushmita Nandy
Journal: Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract Metabolic dysregulation and carcinogenesis are strongly linked. Leptin signaling acts as a metabolic switch that maintains body weight and energy homeostasis and gets impacted during metabolic dysregulation. Leptin signaling mediates its effect on breast cancer cells through downstream effectors like JAK-STAT, MAPK and PI3K pathways. At the molecular level, leptin exerts its effects through its receptor, LEPR, encoded by LEPR gene. Leptin signaling has been shown to contribute towards progression of breast cancer. Obese post-menopausal women are considered to be a high-risk category for breast cancer and dysregulated leptin signaling contributes towards it. We in this study focused on comparative molecular analysis of Leptin high (LEPRhi) and low (LEPRlow) expressing breast tumors.Breast cancer data from METABRIC (Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium) study was used through the cBioPortal (http://cbioportal.org) platform for cancer genomics. The METABRIC study includes clinical and molecular data from over 2500 breast cancer cases. The LEPRhi and LEPRlow expressing breast tumors in RNA-seq dataset were queried using cBioPortal embedded SQL feature as LEPR: EXP&amp;gt;1 and LEPR: EXP&amp;lt;-1 respectively. This query enabled us to create LEPRhi and LEPRlow expressing breast tumor cohorts from 243 and 234 patients respectively. Comparative analysis of LEPRhi and LEPRlow expressing breast tumors was performed for mRNA expression profiles. The mRNA data was further analyzed for integrated networks using GSEA pathway enrichment and CR2-cancer algorithms.The analysis indicated unique mRNA expression signature for LEPRhi and LEPRlow breast tumors. CR2-Cancer analysis of the mRNA dataset revealed chromatin modulators like- EZH2 (Enhancer of Zeste homolog 2), MEN1 (Menin), UHRF1 (Ubiquitin Like with PHD And Ring Finger Domains 1), TTF2 (Transcription termination factor 2), LMNB2 (Lamin B2), and RUVBL2 (RuvB Like AAA ATPase 2) had significantly higher mRNA expression in LEPRlow compared to LEPRhi tumor group. GSEA pathway enrichment analysis indicated PLK1 and Aurora A signaling as the most significant signaling pathways with an FDR q-value of less than 0.05.This preliminary study provides us with mechanistic insight into the unique molecular signatures of LEPRhi and LEPRlow expressing breast tumors. The results of this study leads to the basis of our hypothesis that leptin receptor signaling in breast cancer mediates epigenetic modifications of key genes that impact promotion and progression of breast cancer through chromatin modulators. Citation Format: Sara Pacheco, Maria E. Juarez, Sushmita Nandy. Leptin receptor expression in breast tumors and chromatin modulators: A comparative study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2020 San Antonio Breast Cancer Virtual Symposium; 2020 Dec 8-11; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PS18-51.