tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Reward
Authors: Stewart Massad
Journal: JAMA (1994)

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Glasgow Royal Maternity and Women's Hospital. Medical Report for the Year 1926.
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Vest Pocket Abstract Series. Including Abstracts on Anatomy, Physiology, Chemistry, etc.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our examination of the books of this series does not leave an impression that they are destined to fill a place of great utility in medical education. The extreme condensation is very unfavorable to satisfactory work and great allowances must be made for the limitations under which the authors have labored. A brief examination, however, reveals numerous errors of statement due, possibly, to careless revision that tend to make the books not only worthless, but positively misleading. We may cite the book on chemistry, for example. Under chlorin we have the incorrect formula HClCO given in an equation; under nitrogen we have the statement that nitrous acid is formed by reducing potassium nitrate with a lead salt. Probably the author means to form a nitrite by reducing the nitrate with metallic lead, but how is the student to know? Bromin is said to be prepared by heating any bromid with
Clostridioides difficile colonization among very young children in resource-limited settings
Authors: Stephanie A. Brennhofer, Elizabeth T. Rogawski McQuade, Jie Liu, Richard L. Guerrant, James A. Platts-Mills, Cirle A. Warren
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2022)

To describe the epidemiology and risk factors for Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) colonization among young children in eight low-resource settings.We tested 41 354 monthly non-diarrhoeal and diarrhoeal stools for C. difficile toxin genes (TcdA and TcdB) using quantitative PCR (qPCR) in 1715 children from birth to age two years in a multisite birth cohort study. We estimated the prevalence, cumulative incidence, and seasonality of C. difficile colonization and investigated the associations of C. difficile detection with risk factors of infection, markers of enteropathy, and growth.The prevalence of C. difficile detection was lower in diarrhoeal (2.2%; n = 151/6731) compared to non-diarrhoeal stools (6.1%; n = 2106/34 623). By 24 months of age, the cumulative incidence of C. difficile varied widely by site, with 17.9% (n = 44; Pakistan) to 76.3% (n = 148; Peru) of children having at least one positive stool. Only Bangladesh and Pakistan had seasonal differences in C. difficile detection. Female sex (adjusted risk ratio (aRR): 1.18; 95% CI: 1.02-1.35), cephalosporin use in the past 15 days (aRR: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.39-2.16), and treated water (aRR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.02-1.50) were risk factors for C. difficile positivity. The presence of C. difficile was significantly associated with elevated faecal myeloperoxidase, neopterin, and α-1-antitrypsin, but no associations were found between C. difficile and child growth at 24 months of age.C. difficile colonization among children ages 0-2 years was variable across low-resource settings. Significant elevation of intestinal inflammation and barrier disruption markers associated with C. difficile detection suggests a subclinical impact of colonization.
Miscellany
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Highlights
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Treatment of Comorbid Alcohol Dependence and PTSD 488Alcohol dependence and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are highly comorbid; however, how to best treat individuals with this combination of conditions is not clear.In a single-blind, randomized controlled trial that enrolled 165 individuals with alcohol dependence and PTSD, Foa and colleagues compared the efficacy of 2 evidence-based treatments-naltrexone for alcohol dependence and prolonged exposure treatment for PTSD-separately and in combination along with supportive counseling focused on medication management.Among the authors' findings were that naltrexone treatment resulted in a greater decrease in the percentage of days drinking than placebo and that prolonged exposure therapy for PTSD was not associated with increased drinking or alcohol craving.In an Editorial, Mills discusses the treatment of comorbid alcohol dependence and PTSD.
Society Proceedings
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pharmacology
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Manuscripts Approved for JNCI, August-September 1973
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Manuscripts Approved for JNCI, August-September 1973 JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 51, Issue 4, October 1973, Pages 1397–1399, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/51.4.1397-d Published: 01 October 1973
Pneumonien
Authors: Siegfried Tuengerthal
Journal: Thorax (2003)

Im vorliegenden Kapitel, das sich in acht übergeordnete Abschnitte untergliedert, wird zunächst Grundlegendes hinsichtlich Ätiologie, Pathophysiologie und radiologischer Symptomatik zum komplexen Krankheitsbild der Pneumonie erläutert und zusammengefasst. Danach wird systematisch die Terminologie radiologischer Befundmuster erläutert, die Rolle radiologischer Verfahren in Primär- und Verlaufsdiagnostik typischer und sog. atypischer Pneumonien wird beschrieben. Anschließend werden für alle Pneumonie-Erregergruppen neben wesentlichen Einzelheiten zu Mikrobiologie, Pathologie, Epidemiologie und klinischen Manifestationen die morphologischen Kriterien der Darstellung in der Projektionsradiographie wie in den verschiedenen Schnittbildverfahren beschrieben. Die sinnvolle Reihenfolge weiterführender Diagnostik bei komplexen und/oder chronifizierenden Verläufen wird besprochen.
The Crown Vacancy in the General Medical Council
Journal: BMJ (1892)

Audi alteram partem."To the Editor. of THE LANOHT.SIRS,&mdash;I feel I am asking a great favour to be allowed to add a few words to the leading article on the above subject in your last issue, but our case is urgent, and therefore beg to be allowed to point out its urgency.Everybody must agree that the two classes needing representation are the dentists and the general practitioners, but I venture to think the former have the greater claim, and for the following reasons.
College Athletic Programs Thwart the Spread of SARS-CoV-2 During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Catherine S. O’Neal, Benika C. Dixon, Rebecca S. B. Fischer
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

The study by Schultz et al 1 adds to mounting evidence suggesting the effectiveness of robust surveillance and response programs, such as those implemented for collegiate athletes, in combating the COVID-19 pandemic. 1The authors analyzed SARS-CoV-2 testing data for students from select colleges and universities in the US during the 2020 to 2021 academic year, comparing athletes with nonathletes.Despite the high-risk nature of activities in which athletes are engaged, almost all schools reported lower positivity among athletes compared with their nonathlete counterparts.Of 4 million SARS-CoV-2 tests at 12 US institutions, an overall 50% risk reduction was observed in athletic program testing, suggesting that collegiate athletics programs were associated with a protective outcome during the COVID-19 pandemic.Concern over the health of college athletes is certainly not new; it is a routine subject of health-preservation initiatives by athletic conferences, university policies, and individual athletic programs.However, in the time of COVID-19, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) led with early and aggressive recommendations for contact tracing, isolation, and quarantine in an effort to monitor, mitigate, and manage SARS-CoV-2 infections and exposures. 2There is an ongoing and growing interest in the association of such efforts with SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission.Athletics activities, from training to competition, present constant challenges to the control of infectious diseases.Sports-associated events and activities can facilitate airborne, respiratory, person-to-person, and environmental transmission of viruses, bacteria, and other agents, including those with outbreak potential.Physical contact, close proximity, increased respiration, shared equipment and facilities, and travel-related experiences may aid transmission among players, athletic and event staff, and attendees and even across communities where events take place.In fact,
Embryo transfer and ectopic pregnancy
Authors: L. Iffy
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Donor-derived multiple leukemia antigen–specific T-cell therapy to prevent relapse after transplant in patients with ALL
Authors: Swati Naik, Spyridoula Vasileiou, Ifigeneia Tzannou, Manik Kuvalekar, Ayumi Watanabe, Catherine Robertson, Natalia Lapteva, Wang Tao, Mengfen Wu, Bambi Grilley, George Carrum, Rammurti T. Kamble, LaQuisa Hill, Robert A. Krance, Caridad Martinez, Priti Tewari, Bilal Omer, Stephen Gottschalk, Helen E. Heslop, Malcom K. Brenner, Cliona M. Rooney, Juan F. Vera, Ann M. Leen, Premal D. Lulla
Journal: Blood (2022)
Mumps of the heart.
Journal: BMJ (1966)

Mumps of the HeartDeath from congestive cardiac failure eight months after probable mumps is sufficiently rare to attract attention.Nevertheless, a report by W. C. Roberts and S. M. Fox' leaves no doubt about the correctness of the diagnosis, while necropsy showed hypertrophy of the heart and the histological changes of diffuse interstitial myocardial fibrosis.
Letter: risks of total hip replacement.
Authors: J Charnley
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Risks of Total Hip Replacement SM,-In your leading aricle (10 May, p. 296) on the risks of total hip rePlacement, you mention introperative circulatory collapse attributed to acrylic cement.Modig says that the literature records "at least 30 deaths during the operative procedure and possibly there are many moire unrecorded cases."The original reports which led to the Department of Health and Social Security -setting up an inquiry in 1971 a-re now over four years old and during these four years the use of acrylic cement in hip therapy must have mutliplied many times, but we no
Safety of Complete Anesthesia Handovers in the Cardiac Surgical Patient
Authors: Laurent G. Glance, Andrew W. Dick, Isaac Wu
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Louise Y. Sun, MD, SM; Philip M. Jones, MD, MSc; Duminda N. Wijeysundera, MD, PhD; Mamas A. Mamas, BM, BCh; Anan Bader Eddeen, MSc; John O’Connor, MD
Pituitary Apoplexy
Authors: Claire Briet, Sylvie Salenave, Jean-François Bonneville, Edward R. Laws, Philippe Chanson
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2015)

Pituitary apoplexy, a rare clinical syndrome secondary to abrupt hemorrhage or infarction, complicates 2%-12% of pituitary adenomas, especially nonfunctioning tumors. Headache of sudden and severe onset is the main symptom, sometimes associated with visual disturbances or ocular palsy. Signs of meningeal irritation or altered consciousness may complicate the diagnosis. Precipitating factors (increase in intracranial pressure, arterial hypertension, major surgery, anticoagulant therapy or dynamic testing, etc) may be identified. Corticotropic deficiency with adrenal insufficiency may be life threatening if left untreated. Computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging confirms the diagnosis by revealing a pituitary tumor with hemorrhagic and/or necrotic components. Formerly considered a neurosurgical emergency, pituitary apoplexy always used to be treated surgically. Nowadays, conservative management is increasingly used in selected patients (those without important visual acuity or field defects and with normal consciousness), because successive publications give converging evidence that a wait-and-see approach may also provide excellent outcomes in terms of oculomotor palsy, pituitary function and subsequent tumor growth. However, it must be kept in mind that studies comparing surgical approach and conservative management were retrospective and not controlled.
<i>Trans</i> Fatty Acid Biomarkers and Incident Type 2 Diabetes: Pooled Analysis of 12 Prospective Cohort Studies in the Fatty Acids and Outcomes Research Consortium (FORCE)
Authors: Heidi T.M. Lai, Fumiaki Imamura, Andres V. Ardisson Korat, Rachel A. Murphy, Nathan Tintle, Julie K. Bassett, Jiaying Chen, Janine Kröger, Kuo-Liong Chien, Mackenzie Senn, Alexis C. Wood, Nita G. Forouhi, Matthias B. Schulze, William S. Harris, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Frank Hu, Graham G. Giles, Allison Hodge, Luc Djousse, Ingeborg A. Brouwer, Frank Qian, Qi Sun, Jason H.Y. Wu, Matti Marklund, Rozenn N. Lemaitre, David S. Siscovick, Amanda M. Fretts, Aladdin H. Shadyab, JoAnn E. Manson, Barbara V. Howard, Jennifer G. Robinson, Robert B. Wallace, Nick J. Wareham, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Jerome I. Rotter, Michael Y. Tsai, Renata Micha, Dariush Mozaffarian
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)

OBJECTIVE Trans fatty acids (TFAs) have harmful biologic effects that could increase the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but evidence remains uncertain. We aimed to investigate the prospective associations of TFA biomarkers and T2D by conducting an individual participant-level pooled analysis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We included data from an international consortium of 12 prospective cohorts and nested case-control studies from six nations. TFA biomarkers were measured in blood collected between 1990 and 2008 from 25,126 participants aged ≥18 years without prevalent diabetes. Each cohort conducted de novo harmonized analyses using a prespecified protocol, and findings were pooled using inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was explored by prespecified between-study and within-study characteristics. RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 13.5 years, 2,843 cases of incident T2D were identified. In multivariable-adjusted pooled analyses, no significant associations with T2D were identified for trans/trans-18:2, relative risk (RR) 1.09 (95% CI 0.94–1.25); cis/trans-18:2, 0.89 (0.73–1.07); and trans/cis-18:2, 0.87 (0.73–1.03). Trans-16:1n-9, total trans-18:1, and total trans-18:2 were inversely associated with T2D (RR 0.81 [95% CI 0.67–0.99], 0.86 [0.75–0.99], and 0.84 [0.74–0.96], respectively). Findings were not significantly different according to prespecified sources of potential heterogeneity (each P ≥ 0.1). CONCLUSIONS Circulating individual trans-18:2 TFA biomarkers were not associated with risk of T2D, while trans-16:1n-9, total trans-18:1, and total trans-18:2 were inversely associated. Findings may reflect the influence of mixed TFA sources (industrial vs. natural ruminant), a general decline in TFA exposure due to policy changes during this period, or the relatively limited range of TFA levels.
Mapping the prothrombin-binding site of pseutarin C by site-directed PEGylation
Authors: Fatma Işık Üstok, James A. Huntington
Journal: Blood (2022)

The prothrombinase complex processes prothrombin to thrombin through sequential cleavage at Arg320 followed by Arg271 when cofactor, factor (f) Va, protease, fXa, and substrate, prothrombin, are all bound to the same membrane surface. In the absence of the membrane or cofactor, cleavage occurs in the opposite order. For the less favorable cleavage site at Arg320 to be cleaved first, it is thought that prothrombin docks on fVa in a way that presents Arg320 and hides Arg271 from the active site of fXa. Based on the crystal structure of the prothrombinase complex from the venom of the Australian eastern brown snake, pseutarin C, we modeled an initial prothrombin docking mode, which involved an interaction with discrete portions of the A1 and A2 domains of fV and the loop connecting the 2 domains, known as the a1-loop. We interrogated the proposed interface by site-directed PEGylation and by swapping the a1-loop in pseutarin C with that of human fV and fVIII and measuring the effect on rate and pathway of thrombin generation. PEGylation of residues within our proposed binding site greatly reduced the rate of thrombin generation, without affecting the pathway, whereas those outside the proposed interface had no effect. PEGylation of residues within the a1-loop also reduced the rate of thrombin generation. The sequence of the a1-loop was found to play a critical role in prothrombin binding and in the presentation of Arg320 for initial cleavage.