tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Lehrbuch der Entwicklung des Menschen.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
P056 (0097) COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION AFTER TREATMENT FOR HODGKIN LYMPHOMA
Authors: Angie Rodday, Susan Parsons, Rizvan Bush, Qinglin Pei, Rachael Curtis, Frank Keller, Kara Kelly, Tara Henderson, Sharon Castellino
Journal: HemaSphere (2018)

As the number of survivors of young female Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) increases, it is becoming more common to manage the pregnancies of women who have a history of exposure to chemotherapies and radiation therapy.Many patients and clinicians are worried that pregnancy after the diagnosis of HL may increase the risk of relapse, despite a lack of empirical evidence to support such concerns.In the present study we included 77 women who received a diagnosis of HL between 2006 and 2015 and who were younger than 40 years of age and were in complete remission and alive without relapse > 2 years after treatment.Among the 77 women with HL, 37 (48%) were nulliparous throughout follow-up, 32 (42%) were parous but had no pregnancies during follow-up, and 8 (10%) had a pregnancy during follow-up.13 (17%) tried to become pregnant; 5/13 (39%) without success; 8/13 (61%) women became pregnant with the birth of eight healthy children.The overall pregnancy rate was 10%.The median time from the end of the therapy to pregnancy was 50 months (range 25-72 months) and the cumulative incidence of pregnancy at 70 months was 39% Median age at pregnancy was 27 years (range 20-37 years).In total, 2 relapses occurred during follow-up: none occurred in woman with a recent pregnancy Women exposed to a recent pregnancy had a relapse rate lower than that of women without exposure, although this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion:We found no evidence of significant impairment of the fertility of female HL long term survivors and no evidence that a pregnancy increases the relapse rate among women whose HL is in remission.Survivors of HL need to consider a range of factors when deciding about future reproduction.
Male Contraception
Authors: R. A. Anderson, D. T. Baird
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2002)

The provision of safe, effective contraception has been revolutionized in the past 40 yr following the development of synthetic steroids and the demonstration that administration of combinations of sex steroids can be used to suppress ovulation and, subsequently, other reproductive functions. This review addresses the current standing of male contraception, long the poor relation in family planning but currently enjoying a resurgence in both scientific and political interest as it is recognized that men have a larger role to play in the regulation of fertility, whether seen in geopolitical or individual terms. Condoms and vasectomy continue to be popular at particular phases of the reproductive lifespan and in certain cultures. Although not perfect contraceptives, condoms have the additional advantage of offering protection from sexually transmitted infection. The hormonal approach may have acquired the critical mass needed to make the transition from academic research to pharmaceutical development. Greatly increased understanding of male reproductive function, partly stimulated by interest in ageing and the potential benefits of androgen replacement, is opening up other avenues for investigation taking advantage of nonhormonal regulatory pathways specific to spermatogenesis and the reproductive tract.
Allergic rhinitis
Authors: Jean Bousquet, Josep M. Anto, Claus Bachert, Ilaria Baiardini, Sinthia Bosnic-Anticevich, G. Walter Canonica, Erik Melén, Oscar Palomares, Glenis K. Scadding, Alkis Togias, Sanna Toppila-Salmi
Journal: Nature Reviews Disease Primers (2020)

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is caused by immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated reactions to inhaled allergens and is one of the most common chronic conditions globally. AR often co-occurs with asthma and conjunctivitis and is a global health problem causing major burden and disability worldwide. Risk factors include inhalant and occupational allergens, as well as genetic factors. AR impairs quality of life, affects social life, school and work, and is associated with substantial economic costs. The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) initiative classified AR into intermittent or persistent and mild or moderate/severe. The diagnosis is based on the clinical history and, if needed in patients with uncontrolled rhinitis despite medications or with long-lasting symptoms, on skin tests or the presence of serum-specific IgE antibodies to allergens. The most frequently used pharmacological treatments include oral, intranasal or ocular H1-antihistamines, intranasal corticosteroids or a fixed combination of intranasal H1-antihistamines and corticosteroids. Allergen immunotherapy prescribed by a specialist using high-quality extracts in stratified patients is effective in patients with persistent symptoms. Real-world data obtained by mobile technology offer new insights into AR phenotypes and management. The outlook for AR includes a better understanding of novel multimorbid phenotypes, health technology assessment and patient-centred shared decision-making. This Primer by Bousquet and colleagues summarizes the epidemiology, mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis. In addition, it reviews the quality-of-life issues faced by patients and provides an overview of how mobile health technologies could improve patient care.
Cigarette Smoking Among Adults—United States, 1988
Journal: JAMA (1991)

One of the national health objectives for the United States for 2010 is to reduce the prevalence of cigarette smoking among adults to > or =12% (objective 27.1a). To assess progress toward this objective, CDC analyzed self-reported data from the 2001 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). The findings of this analysis indicate that, in 2001, approximately 22.8% of U.S. adults were current smokers compared with 25.0% in 1993. During 1965-2001, smoking prevalence declined faster among non-Hispanic blacks aged > or =18 years than among non-Hispanic whites the same age. Preliminary data for January-March 2002 indicate a continuing decline in current smoking prevalence among adults overall. However, the overall decline in smoking is not occurring at a rate that will meet the national health objective by 2010. Increased emphasis on a comprehensive approach to cessation that comprises educational, economic, clinical, and regulatory strategies is required to further reduce the prevalence of smoking in the United States.
Smallpox Vaccine Adverse Events Among Civilians—United States, March 4-10, 2003
Journal: JAMA (2003)

During the civilian smallpox vaccination program, CDC, the Food and Drug Administration, and state health departments are conducting surveillance for vaccine-associated adverse events. In the first stage of the program, active surveillance is being conducted for potentially life-threatening, moderate-to-severe, and other serious adverse events and for vaccinia transmission to contacts of vaccinees (Table). Nonserious events are reported through passive surveillance and are expected to be underreported. This report summarizes smallpox vaccine adverse events reported among civilians vaccinated as of March 7, 2003, and among contacts of vaccinees, received by CDC from the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) as of March 10.
A randomized double-blind comparative study of terbinafine for 1, 2 and 4 weeks in tinea capitis
Authors: T.S. HAROON, I. HUSSAIN, S. AMAN, M. JAHANGIR, A.H. KAZMI, A.R. SAMI, A.H. NAGI, K.H. ALVI, N. IQBAL, K.A. KHAN, R. AZIZ
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)
Adding amynoglycoside to βlactam does not improve results
Journal: BMJ (2004)

sweating.His wife brought him to the emergency department on three occasions-16, 19, and 23 days after starting diclofenac-and he was noted to be hypoglycaemic with blood glucose concentrations of 1.2-2.5 mmol/l.At each visit his symptoms responded to intravenous glucose and feeding.No investigations were done at his first two visits to the emergency department.At his third visit, his blood glucose concentration was 1.2 mmol/l.A history taken at this visit after correction of hypoglycaemia was unremarkable.The patient reported no decrease in his appetite or increase in physical activity in the past month and no decrease in urine output.Physical examination was unremarkable, with a blood pressure of 150/90 mm Hg.There was no peripheral oedema.Investigations showed a raised serum creatinine concentration of 440 mol/l and a raised serum urea concentration of 14.6 mmol/l (1.7-8.3 mmol/l); serum potassium concentration was 4.8 mmol/l (3.5-5.0 mmol/l).Since starting to take the non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug diclofenac, the patient had developed a decline in renal function with a fourfold increase in serum creatinine.Diclofenac was immediately stopped and his insulin dosage was decreased.Two weeks later, his serum creatinine concentration returned to baseline and he resumed his usual insulin dosage, with no further episodes of hypoglycaemia and with reasonable glucose control.
The annual meeting of the British Society of Gastroenterology
Authors: Hermon Taylor, H Magnus, G Hadley, Council Member, A Kay, A Dick, J Gummer, A Schade, Williams Wynn, A Anscombe, E Blair, S Clarke, A Cox, H Ellis, F Johnson, A Parks, W Scott-Harden, T Scratcherd, C Shaldon, R Shorter, W Small, F Smiddy, A Smith, H Torrance, E Turner
Journal: Gut (1962)

Nine hundred and one patients, suffering from peptic ulceration and operated upon in the Western General Hospital between 1947 and 1957, have been followed up at the gastric clinic, 900 being traced.Within this group, those patients either admitted with established recurrent ulceration or developing such ulceration during or since the period of review have been intensively studied.The completeness of the follow-up permits worthwhile conclusions.Jejunal ulceration occurs most frequently in blood group 0 patients and at varying periods after the initial operation.Comparison of the intervals between recur- rence of symptoms and subsequent operation shows that jejunal ulceration leads the patient to seek earlier opera- tive relief after Polya gastrectomy than after gastro- enterostomy.This indicates that jejunal ulcer is more troublesome and more acute when complicating gastrec- tomy and that it is possible to delay treatment, often for many years, when the preceding operation has been a gastro-enterostomy.The problem of diagnosis of recurrent ulcer has been 93on November 22, 2023 by guest.
Hantavirus infections
Authors: T. Avšič-Županc, A. Saksida, M. Korva
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2013)

Over the past few decades understanding and recognition of hantavirus infection has greatly improved worldwide, but both the amplitude and the magnitude of hantavirus outbreaks have been increasing. Several novel hantaviruses with unknown pathogenic potential have been identified in a variety of insectivore hosts. With the new hosts, new geographical distributions of hantaviruses have also been discovered and several new species were found in Africa. Hantavirus infection in humans can result in two clinical syndromes: haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) caused by Old World and New World hantaviruses, respectively. The clinical presentation of HFRS varies from subclinical, mild, and moderate to severe, depending in part on the causative agent of the disease. In general, HFRS caused by Hantaan virus, Amur virus and Dobrava virus are more severe with mortality rates from 5 to 15%, whereas Seoul virus causes moderate and Puumala virus and Saaremaa virus cause mild forms of disease with mortality rates <1%. The central phenomena behind the pathogenesis of both HFRS and HCPS are increased vascular permeability and acute thrombocytopenia. The pathogenesis is likely to be a complex multifactorial process that includes contributions from immune responses, platelet dysfunction and the deregulation of endothelial cell barrier functions. Also a genetic predisposition, related to HLA type, seems to be important for the severity of the disease. As there is no effective treatment or vaccine approved for use in the USA and Europe, public awareness and precautionary measures are the only ways to minimize the risk of hantavirus disease.
KASL clinical practice guidelines: management of hepatitis C
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2016)

AimsThe Korean Association for the Study of the Liver (KASL) Practice Guidelines for Management of Hepatitis C were first established in 2004, and revised in 2013, when direct-acting antivirals (DAA) were not approved in Korea.Since then, numerous studies of the efficacy, adverse effects and drug-drug interactions (DDI) of interferon-free DAA combination therapy have been published.With all oral DAA therapy showing a sustained virologic response (SVR) rate of 80-90% with minimal adverse events, hepatitis C virus (HCV) eradication is a realistic goal of treatment.Therefore, a screening strategy for HCV-infected populations according to each country's epidemiology and disease burden is required.DAA combination therapeutics were approved and adapted to practice in Korea in 2015, and KASL revised the guidelines based on a systematic approach that reflects evidence-based medicine and expert opinions.The clinical practice guidelines for the management of hepatitis C have been revised to be useful for treatment, research and education.These recommendations are not absolute standards of KASL clinical practice guidelines: management of hepatitis CThe Korean Association for the Study of the Liver (KASL)*
KASL clinical practice guidelines for liver cirrhosis: Ascites and related complications
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2018)

AimsAscites is one of the most common complications of liver cirrhosis along with variceal bleeding and hepatic encephalopathy.It is often the first sign of decompensated cirrhosis with portal hypertension.Patients with compensated cirrhosis progress to decompensated cirrhosis at a rate of 5-7% per year, and about 50% of the cases develop ascites within 10 years after diagnosis of liver cirrhosis.The 1-year and 2-year survival rates of patients with decompensated cirrhosis complicated with ascites are 60% and 45%, respectively, which is significantly lower than the 1-year and 2-year survival rates (95% and 90%) of patients with compensated cirrhosis. 1,2According to the National Statistical Office, the mortality rate due to liver disease was 13.4 per 100,000 persons in 2015, the eighth highest cause of death in Korea.It has declined compared to 2005 (mortality rate due to liver disease was 17.2 per 100,000 persons, the sixth highest cause of death cause in Korea).Liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are a major cause of death in patients with chronic liver disease.Korean Association for the Study of the Liver (KASL) published guidelines for the management of liver cirrhosis in 2005 which proposed guidelines for the treatment of major complications of liver cirrhosis, including ascites, hepatorenal syndrome, varices and hepatic encephalopathy.In 2011, the guidelines for the management of liver cirrhosis were revised to cover diagnosis of liver cirrhosis, anti-fibrotic treatment of cirrhosis, variceal bleeding, ascites, and hepatic encephalopathy.Six years after the publication of the 2011 guidelines, the need arose to revise the guidelines for liver cirrhosis based on new evidence accumulated.Therefore, KASL revised the KASL clinical practice guidelines for liver cirrhosis: Ascites and related complicationsThe Korean Association for the Study of the Liver (KASL) *
Medical Greats
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Predicting the Likelihood of Carrying a <i>BRCA1</i> or <i>BRCA2</i> Mutation in Asian Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Boon Hong Ang, Weang Kee Ho, Eldarina Wijaya, Pui Yoke Kwan, Pei Sze Ng, Sook Yee Yoon, Siti Norhidayu Hasan, Joanna M.C. Lim, Tiara Hassan, Mei-Chee Tai, Jamie Allen, Andrew Lee, Nur Aishah Mohd Taib, Cheng Har Yip, Mikael Hartman, Swee Ho Lim, Ern Yu Tan, Benita K.T. Tan, Su-Ming Tan, Veronique K.M. Tan, Peh Joo Ho, Alexis J. Khng, Alison M. Dunning, Jingmei Li, Douglas F. Easton, Antonis C. Antoniou, Soo Hwang Teo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

PURPOSE With the development of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors for treatment of patients with cancer with an altered BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene, there is an urgent need to ensure that there are appropriate strategies for identifying mutation carriers while balancing the increased demand for and cost of cancer genetics services. To date, the majority of mutation prediction tools have been developed in women of European descent where the age and cancer-subtype distributions are different from that in Asian women. METHODS In this study, we built a new model (Asian Risk Calculator) for estimating the likelihood of carrying a pathogenic variant in BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene, using germline BRCA genetic testing results in a cross-sectional population-based study of 8,162 Asian patients with breast cancer. We compared the model performance to existing mutation prediction models. The models were evaluated for discrimination and calibration. RESULTS Asian Risk Calculator included age of diagnosis, ethnicity, bilateral breast cancer, tumor biomarkers, and family history of breast cancer or ovarian cancer as predictors. The inclusion of tumor grade improved significantly the model performance. The full model was calibrated (Hosmer-Lemeshow P value = .614) and discriminated well between BRCA and non- BRCA pathogenic variant carriers (area under receiver operating curve, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.75 to 0.84). Addition of grade to the existing clinical genetic testing criteria targeting patients with breast cancer age younger than 45 years reduced the proportion of patients referred for genetic counseling and testing from 37% to 33% ( P value = .003), thereby improving the overall efficacy. CONCLUSION Population-specific customization of mutation prediction models and clinical genetic testing criteria improved the accuracy of BRCA mutation prediction in Asian patients.
Recommended Patient-Reported Core Set of Symptoms to Measure in Prostate Cancer Treatment Trials
Authors: Ronald C. Chen, Peter Chang, Richard J. Vetter, Himansu Lukka, William A. Stokes, Martin G. Sanda, Deborah Watkins-Bruner, Bryce B. Reeve, Howard M. Sandler
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2014)

The National Cancer Institute (NCI) Symptom Management and Health-Related Quality of Life Steering Committee convened four working groups to recommend core sets of patient-reported outcomes to be routinely incorporated in clinical trials. The Prostate Cancer Working Group included physicians, researchers, and a patient advocate. The group's process included 1) a systematic literature review to determine the prevalence and severity of symptoms, 2) a multistakeholder meeting sponsored by the NCI to review the evidence and build consensus, and 3) a postmeeting expert panel synthesis of findings to finalize recommendations. Five domains were recommended for localized prostate cancer: urinary incontinence, urinary obstruction and irritation, bowel-related symptoms, sexual dysfunction, and hormonal symptoms. Four domains were recommended for advanced prostate cancer: pain, fatigue, mental well-being, and physical well-being. Additional domains for consideration include decisional regret, satisfaction with care, and anxiety related to prostate cancer. These recommendations have been endorsed by the NCI for implementation.
Further reflections on cervical discography
Authors: E. P. Holt
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Ten years ago in The Journal, I<sup>1</sup>presented evidence that cervical discography was without diagnostic value and was prompting overdiagnosis and serving as an excuse for unnecessary surgical treatment. Evidence has accumulated to uphold this view, and, in my opinion, unless some modification of method and interpretation of the test is forthcoming, it should be abolished. (<i>JAMA</i>231:613-614, 1975)
American Medical Association Annual Report
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal