tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The long-term increase of baseline and reflexly augmented levels of human vagal-cardiac nervous activity induced by scopolamine.
Authors: M EDibner-Dunlap, D LEckberg, N MMagid, N MCintrón-Treviño
Journal: Circulation (1985)

We tested the hypothesis that transdermal scopolamine increases vagal-cardiac nervous outflow over the long term in 16 healthy young men. Twenty-four hours after application of one scopolamine patch, the average RR interval was increased by 13% and the average standard deviation of the RR interval (taken as an index of the level of vagal-cardiac nervous activity) was increased by 31%. Baroreceptor-cardiac reflex responsiveness (as reflected by prolongation of RR interval provoked by graded neck suction) also was increased substantially. These findings suggest that vagal-cardiac nervous activity can be augmented pharmacologically in man on a long-term basis. Since vagal outflow influences cardiac electrical properties in an important way, these findings may have therapeutic implications.
Factors influencing probability of reperfusion with intracoronary ostial infusion of thrombolytic agent in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: M PTendera, W BCampbell, S NTennant, W ARay
Journal: Circulation (1985)

A multivariate logistic regression equation was used to evaluate variables related to successful intracoronary thrombolytic therapy. One hundred seventeen patients with a totally occluded infarct-related artery were randomly given ostial infusions of urokinase or streptokinase in a blinded study. The opening rate was 57%. The agent used and time from onset of symptoms to beginning of treatment did not significantly influence opening rate (p greater than .25). The site of occlusion was a strong predictor of opening rate (p = .0004). The anterior descending coronary artery was successfully opened more frequently than the left circumflex or right coronary artery (p = .012). Presence of collaterals adversely affected the recanalization rate in all groups (p = .0004). These variables had an additive effect on the probability of opening. Patients with proximal anterior descending occlusion and no collaterals had a 90% recanalization rate, while those with distal occlusions in vessels other than the anterior des...
Mechanisms underlying atriopeptin-induced increases in hematocrit and vascular permeation in rats.
Authors: J RWilliamson, S WHolmberg, KChang, JMarvel, S PSutera, PNeedleman
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Infusion of atriopeptin into humans and animals induces diuresis, natriuresis, hemodynamic changes, and an increase in arterial hematocrit. The objective of the present study was to elucidate the mechanism(s) responsible for the increase in hematocrit in rats given atriopeptin-24 (AP-24). Infusion of AP-24 for 30 minutes increased large vessel and total vascular hematocrits by 10-15% while decreasing microvascular hematocrits by 9-26% in numerous tissues. Regional vascular permeation by [131I] bovine serum albumin was markedly increased (2-5.6-fold) in many tissues, consistent with a 16% decrease in plasma volume. AP-24 infusion had no effect on extracellular fluid volume or the volume of circulating red cells. Vascular resistance was decreased and was associated with a significant increase in blood flow in many, but not all, tissues. In the atrium and in the small and large intestine the percentage decrease in microvascular hematocrit exceeded the increase in blood flow. These observations indicate that ...
Neurogenic inflammation in rat trachea is accompanied by increased negativity of interstitial fluid pressure.
Authors: KWoie, M EKoller, K JHeyeraas, R KReed
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

The present experiments were performed to investigate whether neurogenic inflammation in rat trachea (with edema formation and protein extravasation when the circulation is intact) induced by electrical field stimulation of neuropeptide-containing C fibers in the vagal nerve is accompanied by increased negativity of interstitial fluid pressure (P(if)). Increased negativity of P(if) in the trachea occurs in dextran anaphylaxis and mast cell degranulation and facilitates edema formation under these circumstances. Experiments were performed after circulatory arrest had been induced in pentobarbital anesthesia to prevent edema formation, which will raise P(if) and potentially cause underestimation of an increased negativity of P(if). After induction of circulatory arrest, the vagal nerve was isolated and placed in a stimulating electrode. The trachea was then exposed and covered with mineral oil, and measurement of P(if) was started as soon as possible thereafter. P(if) was measured with sharpened glass capil...
A Frequent Etiology, But Rarely Seen, of Acute Diarrhea
Authors: M Linhares, F Vilas Boas, G Macedo
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

A 63-years-old man submitted to stem cell transplantation in June 2020 was admitted at hospital for pneumonia and respiratory failure. On the first inpatient day, he reported onset of watery diarrhea about 2 days ago, without abdominal pain or fever. Stool specimens analyse were negative for parasites and viruses. The rectosigmoidoscopy evidenced nonspecific findings and histologic samples diagnosed graft versus host disease colitis. The patient was treated with systemic corticosteroids and loperamide and was discharged after clinical respond.
Dissociations between changes in myocardial cyclic adenosine monophosphate and contractility.
Authors: P DHenry, J GDobson, B ESobel
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

The relationship between changes in the myocardial concentration of adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) and cardiac contractility was studied in guinea pig and rat myocardium. When isolated perfused guinea pig heart were perfused with 10-5-M papaverine, a potent inhibitor of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase activity, myocardial cyclic AMP concentration increased significantly from 1.7 plus and minus 0.2 (SE) pmoles/mg protein (N equal 12) to 3.3 plus and minus 0.2 pmoles/mg protein (N equal 12), and the percent of phosphorylase aual 6) (P less than 0.01). However, perfusion with papaverine had no effect on contractility in the absence or the presence of exogenous epinephrine. In perfused rat hearts, 10-5 M glucagon increased myocardial cyclic AMP concentration from 1.5 plus and minus 0.1 pmoles/mg protein (N equal 12) to 2.6 plus and minus 0.1 pmoles/mg protein (N equal 12) (P less than 0.001). In contrast, cyclic AMP levels did not increase detectably in guinea pig heart perfused with glucagon....
Abstract P6-05-11: Not presented
Authors: J Chu, Y Li, Z Fu, J Tang, Y Yin
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract This abstract was not presented at the conference. Citation Format: Chu J, Li Y, Fu Z, Tang J, Yin Y. Not presented [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-05-11.
Propranolol treatment externalizes beta-adrenergic receptors in guinea pig myocardium and prevents further externalization by ischemia.
Authors: A SMaisel, H JMotulsky, P AInsel
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

Purified sarcolemmal and light vesicle (intracellular) fractions of beta-adrenergic receptors were used to examine the effects of propranolol on receptor translocation in guinea pig heart. Guinea pigs were given propranolol (0.15 mg/kg/hr) via minipumps for 7 days and either killed or made ischemic for 1 hour via a coronary ligature. Propranolol treatment led to an externalization of beta-receptors from light vesicle to sarcolemmal fractions. This externalization increased the number of surface beta-adrenergic receptors that were functional, as assessed by isoproterenol-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity. After chronic propranolol treatment, ischemia did not further alter receptor distribution. These results suggest that externalization of beta-adrenergic receptors from a light vesicle fraction to the sarcolemma contributes to up-regulation of beta-receptors that occur in response to both propranolol treatment and ischemia. Because propranolol-treated animals show blunting in externalization after myoc...
In-hospital and 1-year mortality in 1,524 women after myocardial infarction. Comparison with 4,315 men.
Authors: PGreenland, HReicher-Reiss, UGoldbourt, SBehar
Journal: Circulation (1991)

We determined in-hospital and 1-year prognoses after acute myocardial infarction (MI) in 5,839 consecutive patients derived from 14 of 21 coronary care units in Israel during 1981-1983. Age-adjusted in-hospital mortality was 23.1% in 1,524 women and 15.7% in 4,315 men (p less than 0.0005). One-year age-adjusted mortality rates in patients surviving hospitalization were 11.8% in women and 9.3% in men (p = 0.03). Cumulative age-adjusted 1-year mortality rates were 31.8% in women and 23.1% in men (p less than 0.0005). Relative odds of mortality, covariate-adjusted for major prognostic factors that included age, prior MI, congestive heart failure, and infarct location by electrocardiogram, indicated that female gender was independently and significantly associated with increased mortality both during hospitalization (relative odds, 1.72; 95% confidence interval, 1.45-2.04) and at 1 year after discharge (relative odds, 1.32; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-1.66). In separate multivariate analyses for each gender...
The effects of alpha 2-adrenergic and serotonergic receptor antagonists on cyclic blood flow alterations in stenosed canine coronary arteries.
Authors: L RBush, W BCampbell, KKern, G DTilton, PApprill, JAshton, JSchmitz, L MBuja, J TWillerson
Journal: Circulation Research (1984)

Platelets possess alpha 2-adrenergic and serotonergic (5-hydroxytryptamine) receptors which are thought to mediate the in vitro proaggregatory effects of epinephrine and serotonin, respectively. However, their importance in platelet aggregation in vivo is uncertain. In the present study, we evaluate the ability of yohimbine and ketanserin, relatively selective alpha 2-adrenergic and serotonin antagonists, respectively, to alter cyclic flow reductions in stenosed coronary arteries in open-chest, anesthetized dogs. These cyclic flow reductions, characterized by progressive declines in coronary blood flow interrupted by abrupt and, often spontaneous, restorations of flow, were produced by cylindrical constrictors placed on the left anterior descending coronary artery. A pulsed Doppler flow probe, placed proximal to the constrictor, was used to measure coronary blood flow. Regional myocardial blood flow was measured with 15-micron radiolabeled microspheres before coronary constriction and when coronary blood ...
Comparison between intracellular and extracellular direct current recordings of sinus node activity for evaluation of sinoatrial conduction time.
Authors: RHaberl, GSteinbeck, BLüderitz
Journal: Circulation (1984)

For evaluation of sinoatrial conduction time in humans, study of extracellular direct current (DC) electrograms from the sinus node has been proposed. To validate this method, we compared transmembrane potentials from multiple sites (40 to 60, mapping of sinoatrial activation by microelectrode technique) and extracellular DC electrograms of the sinus node in 12 isolated rabbit atria. Sinoatrial conduction time, measured by microelectrodes and by extracellular electrograms, was essentially the same if the DC electrode was positioned over the pacemaker center (35 +/- 15 and 33 +/- 15 msec, respectively; deviation less or equal to 2 msec). While in all experiments phase 4 and phase 0 depolarization of dominant pacemaker fibers was reflected in the DC electrogram, it shape was influenced by pacemaker location and duration of sinoatrial impulse propagation. If sinoatrial conduction time was long (greater than 25 msec) the transition from the diastolic to the upstroke slope was smooth and the sinus node poten...
Effect of hindlimb isolation procedure on isogravimetric capillary pressure and transcapillary fluid dynamics in dogs.
Authors: R ABrace, A CGuyton
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

We measured isogravimetric capillary pressure (Pci) and plasma colloid osmotic pressure (pip) in isolated dog hindlimbs. A very rapid isolation technique and a perfusion technique involving no weight change were developed in order to compare the effects of different isolation procedures. Also, a previous isolation  (PIP) was used to approximate isolation procedures previously reported; this procedure included (A) anesthesia for 1 to 1 1/2 hours before limb isolation, (B) 1/2 hour of denervation before isolation, and (C) perfusion after isolation for 1/2 hour at an arterial pressure of 100 mm Hg and a venous pressure of 6 mm Hg. These different procedures altered average (+/- SE) capillary pressure and fluid dynamics in the hindlimb as shown in the foly pressure in the intact resting dog hindlimb may be 8 mm Hg below plasma colloid osmotic pressure, or about 9 mm Hg, and that many reported values have been heavily influenced by the isolation technique.
SHP2-Mediated Inhibition of DNA Repair Contributes to cGAS–STING Activation and Chemotherapeutic Sensitivity in Colon Cancer
Authors: Bin Wei, Lingyan Xu, Wenjie Guo, Yuanyuan Wang, Jingjing Wu, Xiaofei Li, Xiaomin Cai, Jinbo Hu, Meijing Wang, Qiang Xu, Wen Liu, Yanhong Gu
Journal: Cancer Research (2021)

As a cytoplasmic sensor of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of IFN genes (STING) pathway plays an important role in antitumor immunity. In this study, we investigated the effect of Src homology-2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 (SHP2) on tumor cell-intrinsic STING pathway activity and DNA repair in colon cancer. SHP2 interacted with and dephosphorylated PARP1 after DNA damage. PARP1 inhibition by SHP2 resulted in reduced DNA repair and accumulation of dsDNA in cells, thus promoting hyperactivation of the STING pathway. The SHP2 agonist lovastatin was able to enhance SHP2 activity and promote STING pathway activation. Moreover, lovastatin significantly enhanced the efficacy of chemotherapy in colon cancer models, in part via STING pathway-mediated antitumor immunity. These findings suggest that SHP2 exacerbates STING pathway activation by restricting PARP1-mediated DNA repair in tumor cells, providing a basis for the combined use of lovastatin and chemotherapy in the treatment of colon cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: Dephosphorylation of PARP1 by SHP2 simultaneously suppresses DNA repair and enhances STING pathway-mediated antitumor immunity, highlighting SHP2 activation as a potential therapeutic approach in colon cancer.
Myocardial viability in patients with chronic coronary artery disease. Comparison of 99mTc-sestamibi with thallium reinjection and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose.
Authors: VDilsizian, J AArrighi, J GDiodati, A AQuyyumi, KAlavi, S LBacharach, J AMarin-Neto, P TKatsiyiannis, R OBonow
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND99mTc-sestamibi and thallium imaging have similar accuracy when used for diagnostic purposes, but whether sestamibi provides accurate information regarding myocardial viability in patients with chronic coronary artery disease has not been established. Since there is minimal redistribution of sestamibi over time, it may overestimate nonviable myocardium in patients with left ventricular dysfunction, in whom blood flow may be reduced at rest.METHODS AND RESULTSWe studied 54 patients with chronic coronary artery disease with a mean ejection fraction of 34 +/- 14%. Patients underwent stress/redistribution/reinjection thallium tomography and, within a mean of 5 days, same-day rest/stress sestamibi imaging using the same exercise protocol and with patients achieving the same exercise duration. Of the 111 reversible thallium defects on either the redistribution or reinjection study, 40 (36%) were determined to be irreversible on the rest/stress sestamibi study, whereas only 3 of 63 irreversible thalliu...
Arterial baroreflex abnormalities in heart failure. Reversal after orthotopic cardiac transplantation.
Authors: K AEllenbogen, P KMohanty, SSzentpetery, M DThames
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Arterial baroreflex control of the heart and peripheral circulation is markedly impaired in humans and animals with congestive heart failure. After reversal of heart failure in animal models, arterial baroreflex control of heart rate remains impaired for up to 8 months. Cardiac transplantation restores normal ventricular function and completely reverses heart failure, but does it normalize arterial baroreflex control of heart rate in humans? We studied baroreflex sensitivity in 11 patients with severe heart failure, six normal control patients, and 23 patients at 2 weeks to 4 years after orthotopic cardiac transplantation. Baroreflex sensitivity was assessed with intravenous bolus injections of phenylephrine and is expressed as change in RR or PP interval (msec) per millimeters of mercury rise in systolic arterial pressure. Atrial rate of both donor (denervated) and recipient (innervated) atria were measured in the transplant group. Baroreflex sensitivity in patients with severe heart failure was 2.0 +/- ...
What is the best method for assessing the long-term outcome of surgery for accessory pathways and atrioventricular junctional reentrant tachycardias?
Authors: L MDavis, D CJohnson, J BUther, GNunn, D ARichards, WMeldrum-Hanna, D LRoss
Journal: Circulation (1991)

The success of surgery for supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is evaluated by a variety of methods in different hospitals. Unfortunately, the predictive values of these methods are not known. We therefore compared the various methods in 261 patients undergoing surgery for SVT at Westmead Hospital since 1981. Surgical outcome was assessed by early tests during the first week after surgery (serial 12-lead electrocardiograms, telemetric monitoring of the electrocardiogram, and electrophysiological study performed using epicardial wires); later tests at 6 months after surgery (12-lead electrocardiograms and electrophysiological study); and symptomatic review done by telephone interview at a median of 34 months after surgery. Early tests were obtained in 97%, later tests were obtained in 76%, and symptomatic review was obtained in 98% of patients. All of the examined tests were inaccurate methods of surgical assessment compared with the late electrophysiological study. A large proportion of the patients proven...
Determination of right ventricular mass in humans and dogs with ultrafast cardiac computed tomography.
Authors: Z DHajduczok, R MWeiss, WStanford, M LMarcus
Journal: Circulation (1990)

There is currently no clinical approach to precisely measure right ventricular (RV) mass. We postulated that the radiological mode of ultrafast computed tomography (CT) of 3-mm-thick slices with 0.7-mm resolution would allow sufficient resolution to accurately estimate RV mass. Using this radiological mode, we serially imaged the entire right ventricle from apex to base, gated to end diastole, and applied Simpson's rule to calculate mass of the RV free wall. Thirteen mongrel dogs (weight, 6-30 kg) were studied. The free wall mass of the right ventricle was in the range of 12.0-47.5 g and averaged 35.4 +/- 3.7 g (mean +/- SEE). The correlation between RV mass estimated by ultrafast CT and actual RV mass was r equaling 0.85, SEE equaling 5.5 g, slope equaling 0.99, and gamma intercept equaling -1.8. Intraobserver and interobserver variability (r = 0.99 and r = 0.99, respectively) was excellent with a standard deviation (SD) equal to 1.5 and 1.8, respectively. The effect of variable RV preload (right atrial ...
Interrelation between pinacidil and intracellular ATP concentrations on activation of the ATP-sensitive K+ current in guinea pig ventricular myocytes.
Authors: KNakayama, ZFan, FMarumo, MHiraoka
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

The patch-clamp technique was used to study the relation between pinacidil and intracellular ATP concentration [( ATP]i) on the activation of the outward K+ current in guinea pig ventricular myocytes. Pinacidil shortened the action potential duration, exhibiting stronger effect at 2 mM [ATP]i than at 5 mM [ATP]i. Pinacidil at 5 microM or higher concentrations activated the time-independent outward current at potentials positive to -80 mV, and the pinacidil-activated current was suppressed by increasing [ATP]i from 2 to 5 mM. The dose-response curve of pinacidil at different [ATP]i showed a shift to the right and a depression of the maximum response at increased [ATP]i. The pinacidil-induced shortening of the action potential duration and outward current were inhibited by application of 0.3-1.0 microM glibenclamide. In single-channel current recordings, pinacidil activated the intracellular ATP-sensitive K+ channel current without changing the unitary amplitude, and increased open probability of the channe...
SRPK1 Is a Therapeutic Vulnerability in Acute Myeloid Leukemia through Its Effects on Alternative Isoforms of Epigenetic Regulators Including BRD4
Authors: Konstantinos Tzelepis, Etienne De Braekeleer, Isaia Barbieri, Vijay Baskar, Demetrios Aspris, Francisco Hermida Prado, Malgorzata Gozdecka, Monika Dudek, Hannes Postingl, David Bates, Andrew Bannister, Brian J.P Huntly, Cristina Pina, Allan Bradley, Kosuke Yusa, Tony Kouzarides, George S. Vassiliou
Journal: Blood (2017)
Cardiorenal and neurohumoral function in a canine model of early left ventricular dysfunction.
Authors: M MRedfield, L LAarhus, R SWright, J CBurnett
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDRecent studies have reported that  left ventricular dysfunction (ALVD) in humans is characterized by early neurohumoral activation. Specifically, atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) and norepinephrine are activated without activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). The current study describes hemodynamic and renal function associated with this neurohumoral profile in a canine model of early and presumably asymptomatic ventricular dysfunction. We hypothesized that the neurohumoral profile observed in ALVD is associated with preservation of renal function despite significant hemodynamic compromise.METHODS AND RESULTSALVD was produced by ventricular pacing at 180 beats per minute for 10 days. Intravascular volume expansion was performed before and after producing ALVD in eight conscious dogs. The model of ALVD was characterized by decreases in ejection fraction (48 +/- 2 to 29 +/- 4%), cardiac output (4.64 +/- 0.29 to 2.89 +/- 0.17 L/min), and mean arterial pressure (1...
Angiotensins and the failing heart. Enhanced positive inotropic response to angiotensin I in cardiomyopathic hamster heart in the presence of captopril.
Authors: HHirakata, F MFouad-Tarazi, F MBumpus, MKhosla, BHealy, AHusain, HUrata, HKumagai
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

We examined the hypothesis that the positive inotropic effect of angiotensin I (Ang I) may be retained in the presence of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors so that it may have a direct beneficial effect on the heart. Accordingly, isolated perfused hearts (Langendorff preparation) of 300-day-old cardiomyopathic hamsters (a model of spontaneous cardiomyopathy) and age-matched normal hamsters (controls) were infused with Ang I in the presence of captopril; propranolol was added to the perfusing medium to block catecholamine-mediated effects of angiotensins on the heart. Left ventricular developed pressure and the rate of increase in left ventricular developed pressure increased significantly (p less than 0.001) in both the cardiomyopathic and the normal hamster heart despite concomitant reduction in myocardial flow rate favoring a direct inotropic effect of Ang I in both normal and myopathic hearts; these changes were significantly higher by almost threefold in the cardiomyopathic than in the normal h...