tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
E-selectin ligands mediate tumor necrosis factor-induced neutrophil sequestration and pulmonary edema in guinea pig lungs.
Authors: S KLo, BBevilacqua, A BMalik
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

We have previously shown in perfused guinea pig lungs that tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) pretreatment of lungs enhanced neutrophil sequestration as reflected by a 2.4-fold increase in lung myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Subsequent perfusion of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) to activate the sequestered neutrophils produced an approximately threefold increase in the pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure and fulminant pulmonary edema. Using this ex vivo model of lung injury, we studied the role of three putative E-selectin ligands, sialyl-Lewis X, Lewis X, and dimeric sialyl-Lewis X, in mediating neutrophil sequestration and pulmonary edema. We pretreated neutrophils with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed against these E-selectin ligands. Pretreatment of neutrophils with mAbs to sialyl-Lewis X and Lewis X reduced the neutrophil sequestration, as evidenced by 45% and 27% reductions in MPO activity from control levels, respectively. This occurred in parallel with inhibition of neutroph...
Change of residual strains in arteries due to hypertrophy caused by aortic constriction.
Authors: Y CFung, S QLiu
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

The stress and strain that remain in an organ when the external load is removed are called residual stress and strain. They can be revealed by cutting up the organ in such a way as to reveal the zero-stress configuration. The function of the organ depends on the residual strain. For a blood vessel, the zero-stress configuration is very different from that of the no-load condition, and it changes over time when the physical stress acting on the vessel is changed. Data on rat aorta are presented. Physical changes were obtained by constricting the aorta at the celiac trunk level with a band of metal. Banding causes an increase of blood pressure and hypertrophy of the vessel in the upper body and a transient decrease of blood pressure in the lower body. If the aorta is cut transversely into rings and each ring is cut radially, it will open up into a noncircular arc, which may be characterized by its opening angle. It is shown that the opening angle varies systematically along the aorta and that it changes sig...
Mechanisms of oxygen-induced contraction of ductus arteriosus isolated from the fetal rabbit.
Authors: TNakanishi, HGu, NHagiwara, KMomma
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

The present study was designed to investigate the effect of O2 on intracellular Ca concentration ([Ca]i) in the ductus arteriosus and the mechanisms for O2-induced ductal contraction. The force of isometric contraction of the ring of the ductus arteriosus isolated from fetal rabbits at 30 days of gestation (term, 31 days) was measured. The ductus arteriosus was loaded with fura 2, a calcium-sensitive dye, and [Ca]i was determined from the ratio of fluorescence intensity at 340 and 380 nm excitation wavelengths. The ductus arteriosus was initially superfused with hypoxic control solutions and contraction was induced by application of oxygenated solutions. The O2-induced contraction of the ductus arteriosus was associated with increases in [Ca]i and was eliminated in the absence of extracellular calcium. An increase in [K]o from 5 to 50 mM, which causes membrane depolarization, induced ductal contraction. The calcium channel blockers verapamil, diltiazem, and nickel caused a similar inhibition of O2-induced...
Targeting acute myeloid leukemia dependency on VCP-mediated DNA repair through a selective second-generation small-molecule inhibitor
Authors: Blandine Roux, Camille Vaganay, Jesse D. Vargas, Gabriela Alexe, Chaima Benaksas, Bryann Pardieu, Nina Fenouille, Jana M. Ellegast, Edyta Malolepsza, Frank Ling, Gaetano Sodaro, Linda Ross, Yana Pikman, Amy S. Conway, Yangzhong Tang, Tony Wu, Daniel J. Anderson, Ronan Le Moigne, Han-Jie Zhou, Frédéric Luciano, Christina R. Hartigan, Ilene Galinsky, Daniel J. DeAngelo, Richard M. Stone, Patrick Auberger, Monica Schenone, Steven A. Carr, Josée Guirouilh-Barbat, Bernard Lopez, Mehdi Khaled, Kasper Lage, Olivier Hermine, Michael T. Hemann, Alexandre Puissant, Kimberly Stegmaier, Lina Benajiba
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2021)

Acute myeloid leukemia cells are dependent on the DNA repair function of valosin-containing protein, opening up an avenue for disease treatment.
Contrasting effects of static and pulsatile pressure on carotid baroreceptor activity in dogs.
Authors: M WChapleau, F MAbboud
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

The purpose of this study was to contrast the effects of static and pulsatile pressure on carotid baroreceptor activity over a wide range of mean arterial pressure. Static and pulsatile pressure were applied to the isolated carotid sinus of dogs anesthetized with chloralose. Recordings were obtained from single baroreceptor units as well as from the whole sinus nerve or a large strand of the nerve. Three observations are reported. First, in single units the pulsatile pressure threshold, which averaged 48 +/- 8 (SEM) mm Hg, was far below the static pressure threshold, which averaged 79 +/- 8 mm Hg (p less than 0.05, n = 15). Thus, pulsatility decreased the threshold by an average of 31 mm Hg in contrast to the minimal or lack of decrease in threshold reported by others in aortic baroreceptors. Second, at moderate arterial pressures a shift from static to pulsatile pressure caused a decrease in single and multiple unit activities. In single units, the decrease approximated 15% (from 42.0 +/- 2.1 to 35.5 +/-...
Thrombolytic and pharmacokinetic properties of a conjugate of recombinant single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator with a monoclonal antibody specific for cross-linked fibrin in a baboon venous thrombosis model.
Authors: DCollen, MDewerchin, H JRapold, H RLijnen, J MStassen
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Chemical conjugates between recombinant single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (rscu-PA) and a murine monoclonal antibody directed against fragment D-dimer of cross-linked human fibrin (MA-15C5), rscu-PA/MA-15C5, and between rscu-PA and a control monoclonal antibody (MA-1C8), rscu-PA/MA-1C8, were produced by cross-linking with N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio) propionate (SPDP). In an in vitro system composed of a [125 I]fibrin-labeled baboon plasma clot immersed in autologous citrated plasma, dose- and time-dependent lysis was obtained with a ratio of the potencies of free and conjugated rscu-PA similar to that in human plasma: 50% lysis in 2 hours required 4.3 micrograms/ml rscu-PA, 1.0 microgram/ml urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) equivalent rscu-PA/MA-15C5, or 15 micrograms/ml u-PA equivalent rscu-PA/MA-1C8. The thrombolytic and pharmacokinetic properties of rscu-PA and of rscu-PA/MA-15C5 were compared in baboons with a 0.8-1.0 ml [125 I]fibrin-labeled autologous blood clot prod...
Impact Of Indwelling Endoprostheses In Management Of Unextractable Common Bile Duct Stones: 2-Year, Tertiary-Center, Experience
Authors: V Papastergiou, A Giannakopoulos, E Pantelakis, E Kivelou, M Kaxtsidou, K Paraskeva
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Placement of a biliary stent is often performed in patients with unextractable common bile duct (CBD) stones, although supported by moderate-quality evidence. We aimed to assess the role of biliary stenting in the management of unextractable CBD stones.
Red-Green-Blue (RGB) Profiling Of Pancreatic Mass-Elastographies: Validation Of A Predictive Model For Non-Invasive Assessment Of Malignancy
Authors: M Razpotnik, S Bota, G Essler, J Weber-Eibel, M Peck-Radosavljevic
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Red-green-blue (RGB) profiling is a well-accepted method in imaging science. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of quantitative image analysis of pancreatic tumor elastographies obtained by EUS to predict malignancy.
Muscular subaortic stenosis: the quantitative relationship between systolic anterior motion and the pressure gradient.
Authors: CPollick, HRakowski, E DWigle
Journal: Circulation (1984)

We performed simultaneous echocardiographic and hemodynamic studies in 11 patients with muscular subaortic stenosis to determine whether systolic anterior motion (SAM) of the anterior mitral leaflet and the pressure gradient are related quantitatively. SAM without septal contact was associated with either no gradient or a small impulse gradient of less than 10 mm Hg. SAM with septal contact was always associated with a pressure gradient of more than 10 mm Hg. The size of the pressure gradient correlated inversely with the time periods: (1) onset of SAM-septal contact (r = .79, p less than .001) and (2) onset of aortic ejection to onset of SAM-septal contact (r = -.89, p less than .001). Size also correlated directly with the time period: (3) duration of SAM-septal contact (r = .80, p less than .001). Thus when the time from the onset of SAM to the onset of SAM-septal contact was long, SAM-septal contact developed late in systole, the duration of SAM-septal contact was brief and the pressure gradient was l...
Nonhomogeneous left ventricular regional shortening during acute right ventricular pressure overload.
Authors: YGoto, B KSlinker, M MLeWinter
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Acute right ventricular pressure overload shifts the interventricular septum leftward and decreases systolic shortening of the left ventricular (LV) septal-lateral diameter. These changes should alter regional shortening in the LV minor axis. To test this hypothesis, LV minor axis circumferential segment lengths of the septum and anterior, lateral, and posterior walls were measured during pulmonary artery or venae caval constriction in seven open-chest dogs with intact pericardia. Starting at an end-diastolic pressure of 10 mm Hg, venae caval constriction decreased LV end-systolic pressure by 19 +/- 6% and stroke volume by 40 +/- 15% and produced uniform decreases in systolic shortening and end-diastolic length around the minor axis. However, during pulmonary artery constriction resulting in similar decreases in end-systolic pressure (22 +/- 7%) and stroke volume (39 +/- 11%), decreases in systolic shortening were significantly larger in the anterior (-34 +/- 10%) and posterior (-33 +/- 21%) walls than in...
Conjunctive enhancement of enzymatic thrombolysis and prevention of thrombotic reocclusion with the selective factor Xa inhibitor, tick anticoagulant peptide. Comparison to hirudin and heparin in a canine model of acute coronary artery thrombosis.
Authors: G RSitko, D RRamjit, I IStabilito, DLehman, J JLynch, G PVlasuk
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDEffective thrombolytic recanalization of an occluded coronary vessel is often limited by acute thrombotic reocclusion, which has galvanized the search for effective adjunctive or conjunctive antithrombotic agents.METHODS AND RESULTSRecombinant versions of tick anticoagulant peptide (rTAP) and hirudin (rHIR) are highly selective and potent polypeptide inhibitors of factor Xa and thrombin, respectively. The comparative antithrombotic efficacies of rTAP, rHIR, and heparin, administered conjunctively with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA), on thrombolytic reperfusion and reocclusion, were determined in a canine model of occlusive coronary artery thrombosis with a superimposed critical stenosis. In this model, a platelet-rich occlusive thrombus was formed after damage to the intimal surface of the left circumflex coronary artery induced by electrolytic injury. Fifteen minutes after occlusion, the dogs received a systemic intravenous administration of either saline (control), hepar...
Randomized Trial of Reduced-Nicotine Standards for Cigarettes
Authors: Edward Anselm
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

BACKGROUND-The Food and Drug Administration can set standards that reduce the nicotine content of cigarettes.METHODS-We conducted a double-blind, parallel, randomized clinical trial between June 2013 and July 2014 at 10 sites.Eligibility criteria included an age of 18 years or older, smoking of five or more cigarettes per day, and no current interest in quitting smoking.Participants were randomly assigned to smoke for 6 weeks either their usual brand of cigarettes or one of six types of investigational cigarettes, provided free.The investigational cigarettes had nicotine content
Membrane structure in ultrarapidly frozen, unpretreated, freeze-fractured myocardium.
Authors: J SFrank, SBeydler, GMottino
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

Ultrarapid freezing has been applied to monitor the structure of the freeze-fractured myocardial sarcolemma. Our two goals were to demonstrate that large areas of membrane can be preserved free of visible ice crystal damage and, thus, be amenable to quantitative analysis and to compare the structure of directly frozen myocardial membranes with conventionally prepared tissue. The E face was most affected by lack of chemical pretreatment. First, our laboratory reported an increase in E face particle density from 379 +/- 30/micron 2 in conventional fixed tissue to 489 +/- 18/micron 2 in unpretreated tissue. Discrete arrays of 12-15 nm particles on the E face were a striking feature of the unfixed sarcolemma. However, P face intramembrane particle (IMP) density remained unchanged from previous estimates in fixed tissue. Specialized regions of the sarcolemma were enhanced in ultrarapidly frozen tissue. Particle domains of the adherens junctions were very prominent in forming a cap alongside the gap junctions. ...
Pericardial influences on right and left ventricular filling dynamics.
Authors: B DHoit, NDalton, VBhargava, RShabetai
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

The influence of the pericardium on right and left ventricular filling was studied using two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography in 14 open-chest dogs. Doppler echo parameters of filling included early (E) and late (A) velocities and their ratio (E/A) for the mitral and tricuspid valves. Right and left ventricular volumes were calculated from orthogonal two-dimensional echocardiographic images. Data were compared at three levels of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (6 +/- 2, 13 +/- 3, and 21 +/- 4 mm Hg) at matched heart rates before and after pericardiectomy. The instantaneous diastolic pressure gradient was measured in 12 of the dogs. Pericardiectomy resulted in an increase in early mitral velocity, peak early diastolic pressure gradient, and E/A but not early mitral velocity normalized for end-diastolic volume. In contrast, for the tricuspid valve flow, pericardiectomy did not change E but caused a marked increase in A and a decrease in E/A. Right ventricular end-diastolic volumes at matched...
Ventricular elastic modulus as a function of age in the Syrian golden hamster.
Authors: R LKane, T AMcMahon, R LWagner, W HAbelmann
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

Analysis of passive right and left ventricular pressure-volume curves for hearts of 72 Syrian golden hamsters studied in vitro showed increases in ventricular weight, volume, and compliance at mid-age. Both ventricles were filled by syringe pumps at a constant rate. Ventricular compliance (dV/dP) was determined by electronic differentiation of the intraventricular pressures and formation of the ratio (dV/dt)/(dP/dt) as a continuous function of intraventricular pressure between 0 and 30 mm Hg. By relating, with justification, the left ventricle to a thin-walled elastic sphere, ventricular elastic moduli, E, for different ages were compared at constant levels of myocardial wall stress, sigma. The elastic modulus E proved to be a linear function of sigma. The slope of the E-sigma plot yielded a stiffness constant, K, for each age group. Body weight, heart weight, end-diastolic volume, and dV/dP all varied by more than 200% up and then down as a function of age, but K was not a significant function of age. Th...
The pulmonary vascular bed in patients with complete transposition of the great arteries.
Authors: P MClarkson, J MNeutze, J CWardill, B GBarratt-Boyes
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Histological material obtained at autopsy from 35 patients over three months of age with complete transposition of the great arteries (TGA) was examined. Two of six patients less than a year of age with an intact ventricular septum and closed ductus arteriosus were found to have pulmonary vascular changes of at least grade 3 severity; in addition, two of seven patients with a large ventricular septal defect in this age group showed changes of similar severity. The reported low incidence of marked pulmonary vascular changes in patients with only an interatrial communication dying during the first year of life would appear to be due in part to the high proportion of cases less than three months old in whom there was not sufficient time for such changes to develop. Although the incidence is not as high as that found beyond a year of age, it is sufficiently high to influence the management of infants beyond three months of age. Hemodynamic studies were performed following atrial baffle repair in 34 patients. ...
The Polyp Recall Proforma (Prep) - A Simple Intervention To Improve Report Writing At Colonoscopy
Authors: L Materacki, A Murphy, J Anderson
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims The accurate reporting of polyps and polypectomy requires the recall of multiple details of polyp characteristics and resection technique. Human memory has a limited capacity and can be compromised when subjected to increasing cognitive load leading to recall inaccuracy and incorrect report writing. Endoscopists may seek support from others present; who may be unprepared to recall all relevant details.
Evaluation of the Performances of a Single-Use Duodenoscope: A Prospective Multicentre French Study (The Exaltes Study)
Authors: B Napoleon, JM Gonzalez, P Grandval, A Lisotti, AE Laquière, C Boustière, M Barthet, G Donatelli, G Vanbiervliet
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims A single-use duodenoscope (SUD) has been recently developed to overcome issues with ERCP-related cross-infections. The aim was to evaluate SUD safety and performance in a prospective multi-centre study.
2017 American Heart Association Focused Update on Pediatric Basic Life Support and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Quality: An Update to the American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care
Authors: Dianne L. Atkins, Allan R. de Caen, Stuart Berger, Ricardo A. Samson, Stephen M. Schexnayder, Benny L. Joyner, Blair L. Bigham, Dana E. Niles, Jonathan P. Duff, Elizabeth A. Hunt, Peter A. Meaney
Journal: Circulation (2017)

This focused update to the American Heart Association guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and emergency cardiovascular care follows the Pediatric Task Force of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation evidence review. It aligns with the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation’s continuous evidence review process, and updates are published when the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation completes a literature review based on new science. This update provides the evidence review and treatment recommendation for chest compression–only CPR versus CPR using chest compressions with rescue breaths for children &lt;18 years of age. Four large database studies were available for review, including 2 published after the “2015 American Heart Association Guidelines Update for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care.” Two demonstrated worse 30-day outcomes with chest compression–only CPR for children 1 through 18 years of age, whereas 2 studies documented no difference between chest compression–only CPR and CPR using chest compressions with rescue breaths. When the results were analyzed for infants &lt;1 year of age, CPR using chest compressions with rescue breaths was better than no CPR but was no different from chest compression–only CPR in 1 study, whereas another study observed no differences among chest compression–only CPR, CPR using chest compressions with rescue breaths, and no CPR. CPR using chest compressions with rescue breaths should be provided for infants and children in cardiac arrest. If bystanders are unwilling or unable to deliver rescue breaths, we recommend that rescuers provide chest compressions for infants and children.
Potential adverse effects of volume loading on perfusion of vital organs during closed-chest resuscitation.
Authors: R VDitchey, JLindenfeld
Journal: Circulation (1984)

To determine whether expansion of blood volume improves vital organ perfusion pressures and blood flow during closed-chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation in dogs, we recorded intracranial and high-fidelity ascending aortic and right atrial pressures and measured total and regional blood flow with radioactive microspheres during cardiopulmonary resuscitation before and after rapid infusion of 1 liter of saline or dextran in 12 animals. Volume loading increased total forward blood flow from 327.1 +/- 50.9 to 692.7 +/- 105.9 ml/min (p less than .01). However, blood flow to the cerebral hemispheres, cerebellum, brainstem, and ventricular myocardium all decreased significantly. For example, blood flow to the left cerebral hemisphere fell from 16.5 +/- 2.4 to 5.5 +/- 1.7 ml/min/100 g (p less than .001), while left ventricular myocardial blood flow fell from 12.0 +/- 3.1 to 4.1 +/- 0.8 ml/min/100 g (p less than .05). These changes in critical regional flow were accompanied by disproportionate increases in right a...
Risks of Postmenopausal Hormone Replacement
Authors: Edeltraut Garbe, Samy Suissa
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mechanisms of toxic action and structure-activity relationships for organochlorine and synthetic pyrethroid insecticides.
Authors: J R Coats
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

The mechanisms and sites of action of organochlorine (DDT-types and chlorinated alicyclics) and synthetic pyrethroid insecticides are presented with discussion of symptoms, physiological effects, and selectivity. The structural requirements for toxicity are assessed, and structure-activity relationships are considered for each subclass. Lipophilicity is important for all the groups because it facilitates delivery of these neurotoxicants to the site of action in the nerve. Steric factors including molecular volume, shape, and isomeric configuration greatly influence toxicity. Electronic parameters also have been demonstrated to affect biological activity in some of the groups of insecticides, e.g., Hammett's sigma and Taft's sigma * as indicators of electronegativity. New synthetic pyrethroids continue to be developed, with varied structures and different physicochemical and biological properties.