tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Human cell polyploidization: The good and the evil
Authors: Jing Zhang, Qing Qiao, Hong Xu, Ru Zhou, Xinzhe Liu
Journal: Seminars in Cancer Biology (2021)

Therapeutic resistance represents a major cause of death for most lethal cancers. However, the underlying mechanisms of such resistance have remained unclear. The polyploid cells are due to an increase in DNA content, commonly associated with cell enlargement. In human, they play a variety of roles in physiology and pathologic conditions and perform the specialized functions during development, inflammation, and cancer. Recent work shows that cancer cells can be induced into polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) that leads to reprogramming of surviving cancer cells to acquire resistance. In this article, we will review the polyploidy involved in development and inflammation, and the process of PGCCs formation and propagation that benefits to cell survival. We will discuss the potential opportunities in fighting resistant cancers. The increased knowledge of PGCCs will offer a completely new paradigm to explore the therapeutic intervention for lethal cancers.
Quantitative assessment of circulatory changes in the fetal aortic isthmus during progressive increase of resistance to umbilical blood flow.
Authors: PBonnin, J CFouron, GTeyssier, S ESonesson, ASkoll
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDThis study investigated the effects of impairment to placental flow on flow patterns through the aortic isthmus because in the fetus, this vascular segment is the link between the parallel vascular systems perfused by the left and right ventricles.METHODS AND RESULTSA progressive increase in resistance to blood flow through the placenta was created in seven exteriorized fetal lambs by mechanical umbilical vein compression. Blood flows were measured in the ascending aorta, pulmonary artery, aortic isthmus, and umbilical artery at baseline and at each compression level. The severity of the levels of compression was determined by changes in the flow profile through the umbilical artery. An increase in placental resistance causing a fall in umbilical blood flow of approximately 50% was associated with a retrograde diastolic flow through the aortic isthmus even though the diastolic flow through the umbilical artery remained forward. Because of the systolic predominance, however, the net flow in the i...
Failure of the cholinergic modulation of norepinephrine release during acute myocardial ischemia in the rat.
Authors: X JDu, A MDart, R ARiemersma, M FOliver
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

The effect of ischemia on cholinergic presynaptic inhibition of exocytotic norepinephrine release was studied in the innervated perfused rat heart. In normoxic hearts, vagal nerve stimulation significantly reduced exocytotic norepinephrine overflow to 75% of control values. This inhibitory effect was not affected by 3 minutes of low-flow ischemia (67% of control overflow values), but was attenuated or abolished by 10-minute low-flow ischemia or by 1-, 3-, and 5-minute stop-flow ischemia (107%, 85%, 101%, and 120% of control overflow values, respectively). The alpha-adrenergic antagonist phentolamine could completely or partly restore the failure of vagally induced inhibition of norepinephrine overflow in hearts with 1-, 3-, and 5-minute stop-flow ischemia (72%, 73%, and 85% of control overflow values, respectively). The muscarinic agonist methacholine substantially inhibited norepinephrine overflow to 18% of control overflow values in normoxic hearts. This effect was also significantly attenuated by 10-mi...
Importance of venodilatation in prevention of left ventricular dilatation after chronic large myocardial infarction in rats: a comparison of captopril and hydralazine.
Authors: T ERaya, R GGay, MAguirre, SGoldman
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

In rats with large myocardial infarctions, we compared the effects of captopril, a presumed arterial and venous vasodilator, with hydralazine, which is thought primarily to be an arterial vasodilator. To determine if the effects of captopril were dependent on the pathophysiological consequences of heart failure, we also studied a group of noninfarcted rats treated with captopril. In noninfarcted rats treated with captopril, left ventricular (LV) systolic and mean aortic pressures decreased from 132 +/- 12 to 107 +/- 15 mm Hg and 122 +/- 1 to 100 +/- 2, respectively (p less than 0.01). In noninfarcted rats, captopril decreased LV weight, LV weight/body weight, and total heart weight/body weight but produced no effects on the peripheral venous circulation. Rats subjected to coronary artery ligation were selected by ECG criteria to have large myocardial infarctions and were treated for 4 weeks with captopril (n = 8), hydralazine (n = 5), or placebo (n = 9). In infarcted rats treated with captopril, LV systol...
Estimating the impact of the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic on mortality in the elderly in Navarre, Spain
Authors: L Josseran, A Fouillet
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

Preview this article: Estimating the impact of the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic on mortality in the elderly in Navarre, Spain, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/15/9/art19501-en-1.gif
MOOSE Reporting Guidelines for Meta-analyses of Observational Studies
Authors: Benjamin S. Brooke, Todd A. Schwartz, Timothy M. Pawlik
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Transplantation Outcome By Disease Risk and Donor Type over Time: An Analysis of 100,000 Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation on Behalf of the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the EBMT
Authors: Roni Shouval, Joshua Fein, Myriam Labopin, Nicolaus Kröger, Rafael F Duarte, Peter Bader, Bonini Chiara, Jurgen Kuball, Grzegorz Basak, Carlo Dufour, Arjan Lankester, Silvia Montoto, John A Snowden, Jan Styczynski, Mohamad Mohty, Arnon Nagler
Journal: Blood (2017)
Challenges in High-grade Neuroendocrine Neoplasms and Mixed Neuroendocrine/Non-neuroendocrine Neoplasms
Authors: Stefano La Rosa
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2021)

The growth in knowledge of the pathogenesis, molecular background, and immunohistochemical profile of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) has led not only to an increased awareness of these diseases but also to several changes of the nomenclature. In particular, the concept and terminology of high-grade (grade 3) NENs and mixed neoplasms have changed considerably over the last 20 years, creating some confusion among pathologists and clinicians. The aim of this review is to elucidate the diagnostic criteria, including the most important differential diagnoses of high-grade NENs and mixed neuroendocrine/non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs). The role of the Ki67 labelling index and morphology, used to define grade 3 NENs of the digestive system and lungs, is also discussed. The evolution of the concepts and terminology of MiNENs is revised, including the most important differential diagnoses.
Erratum: Efficacy of boceprevir, an NS3 protease inhibitor, in combination with peginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin in treatment-naive patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C infection (SPRINT-1): An open-label, randomised, multicentre phase 2 trial (Lancet (2010) 376 (705-716))
Authors: P. Y. Kwo, E. J. Lawitz, J. McCone
Journal: The Lancet (2010)
Hydroxyl radical mediates the endothelium-dependent relaxation produced by bradykinin in mouse cerebral arterioles.
Authors: W IRosenblum
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

Bradykinin relaxes arterioles on the brain's surface. This response is endothelium-dependent. The data presented here confirm the hypothesis that hydroxyl free radical mediates this response and may be the endothelium-dependent relaxing factor for bradykinin in this microvascular bed. The response to a locally applied bolus of bradykinin (80 micrograms/ml) was monitored by intravital TV microscopy. The response was significantly inhibited or totally blocked by the presence of superoxide dismutase 60 U/ml, catalase 46 U/ml, or deferoxamine 0.1 or 0.2 mM. The superoxide dismutase scavenges superoxide radical, which is known to enter the subarachnoid space as a consequence of cyclooxygenase activation. Cyclooxygenase is activated by bradykinin. The superoxide can form H2O2, scavenged by catalase, and the two together generate hydroxyl. The formation of hydroxyl radical is catalyzed by iron. Deferoxamine 0.1 mM scavenges the iron, blocking the generation of hydroxyl. Deferoxamine 0.2 mM also directly scavenge...
Effect of endurance training early or late after coronary artery occlusion on left ventricular remodeling, hemodynamics, and survival in rats with chronic transmural myocardial infarction.
Authors: PGaudron, KHu, RSchamberger, MBudin, BWalter, GErtl
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDRemodeling of infarcted and noninfarcted ventricular regions, infarct expansion, shape distortion, and global left ventricular (LV) dilation influence LV performance and survival. The effect of chronic exercise, initiated early or later after infarction, on remodeling, hemodynamics, and survival has not been studied.METHODS AND RESULTSA total of 156 rats were randomized after coronary artery occlusion or sham operation to remain sedentary or to start with swim training 4 days or 21 days after coronary occlusion, which was continued over 8 weeks (6 days per week, 90 minutes per day). These intervals after coronary artery ligation were chosen because final size of infarction is well reached after 4 days; histological evolution of scar healing is still in progress, and after 21 days, histological scar healing is completed. At 8 weeks, hemodynamics were measured and LV dilation quantitated by passive pressure-volume curves. In groups with small (  35%) infarcts, the area enclo...
Hypertension in Hispanics, Asians and Pacific-Islanders, and Native Americans.
Authors: MMartinez-Maldonado
Journal: Circulation (1991)

There is a paucity of information about hypertension and its risk factors, prevalence, morbidity, and mortality in many racial minorities in the United States. Most of the population groups discussed in this section are composed of several subgroups that differ culturally, socioeconomically, educationally, and ethnically. This fact, however, does not lessen the need for more information about the extent of hypertension and risk factors in these groups. Moreover, a bonus from expanded research in these areas will be new information useful to the general population.
The Detect-and-Leave Strategy for Diminutive Polyps of the Recto-Sigmoid: Feasibility And Limits
Authors: A Hassine, A Hammami, F Zinelabidine, W Dahmani, W Ben Ameur, N Elleuch, A Ben Slama, M Ksiaa, A Braham, S Ajmi, H Jaziri, A Jmaa
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims The treatment of distal diminutive polyps less than 5 mm in size remains a global challenge for endoscopists. The aim of our study was to evaluate the feasibility of “detect-and-leave “strategy by investigating the prevalence of advanced histological signs in diminutive polyps of the recto-sigmoid.
Life-Saving Endotherapy of A Small-Bowel Diverticular Bleed Facilitated by Double-Balloon Enteroscopy in a Patient Refusing Transfusion, Despite Critically low Haemoglobin (32G/L)
Authors: A Skamnelos, A Murino, N Lazaridis, R Chacchi Cahuin, N Koukias, R Raymond, Despott EJ
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

A 65-year-old man presented with life-threatening small-bowel bleeding. Despite critically low haemoglobin (Hb) levels (32g/l) and counselling regarding risk, the patient refused blood transfusion due to religious beliefs.
One-year follow-up results of the 1985-1986 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty Registry.
Authors: KDetre, RHolubkov, SKelsey, MBourassa, DWilliams, DHolmes, GDorros, DFaxon, RMyler, KKent
Journal: Circulation (1989)

In 1,801 patients in the 1985-1986 Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty Registry, overall 1-year mortality was 3.2%, the 1-year myocardial infarction rate was 7.2%, and the 1-year coronary artery bypass surgery rate was 13.2%. In the 78% of the cohort with all lesions successfully dilated and without major procedural complications (successful patients), the corresponding rates were 1.9%, 2.6%, and 6.4%. Nearly 20% of all deaths, 40% of all infarctions, and 25% of all bypass operations occurred in the small subset of patients (6.8%) who sustained periprocedural occlusion. Event rates were higher in patients with multivessel disease than in those with one-vessel disease. At 1 year, angina-free status was reported by approximately three fourths of all surviving patients, regardless of initial success. However, compared with successful patients, unsuccessful patients underwent intervening bypass surgery (42% vs. 6%) to achieve asymptomatic status more frequently. Comparison of the 1-year event rates...
IGG4 Related Hepatobiliary Disease: A Role for ERCP
Authors: W Ahmed, S Karim, B Sidhu, C Wadsworth, P Vlavianos, D Bansi, N Phillips
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims IGG4 related hepatobiliary disease can present with symptomatic biliary obstruction alongside cholangiopathy and pseudotumours. We describe a cohort of patients undergoing Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) prior to diagnosis of IGG4 related hepatobiliary disease (IGG4-RD) and report on their clinical course.
Colon tumors and colonoscopy
Authors: T. Ponchon
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Although already a well-established technique, colonoscopy has featured prominently at recent Digestive Disease Week (DDW) meetings. Efforts have been made to set standards of practice, to improve its diagnostic and therapeutic utility, and even to replace it. Colonoscopy remains a particularly attractive subject for clinical research and debate, and this was evidently still the case at this year’s DDW.
Repeated Forward-View Examination Improves Detection of Missed Polyps in the Right-Sided Colon
Authors: F Ben Farhat, B Bouchabou, R Ennaifer, M El kefi, W Bougassas, Nejma H Ben
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Right colon polyps can be missed especially when they are located on the backs of haustral folds. The aim of this study was to analyze the efficacy of an additional observation using white light imaging (WLI) for detecting polyps.
Depletion of cardiac norepinephrine during two forms of hemolytic anemia in the rat.
Authors: J WSwann, J FContrera
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

Knowledge of the status of cardiac norepinephrine (NE) during anemia could lead to a better understanding of the role the sympathetic nervous system plays in cardiac function during anemia. Rats were made anemic by treatment with phenylhydrazine (PHZ). After the rapid onset of anemia, 60% of the stored NE in the heart was lost within 48 hours after treatment. Associated with the loss of cardiac NE was an increase in the wet weight of the heart, which reached a value 40% above control 48 hours after treatment. PHZ itself probably does not directly mediate this depletion of NE, since the vas deferens, brain and spleen had a normal store of NE at 48 hours. This contention was supported when rats, treated with PHZ, were transfused with normal rat red blood cells. This transfusion resulted in PHZ-treated rats which were not anemic. The hearts of these rats were not depleted of NE, but the hearts of the nontransfused, PHZ-treated controls were. Anemia also was induced by treating rats with anti-rat red blood ce...
Diagnosis of pulmonary disease in human immunodeficiency virus infection role of transbronchial biopsy and bronchoalveolar lavage.
Authors: G Di Perri, R Luzzati, M Malena, M Cruciani, E Concia, D Bassetti, A Cazzadori
Journal: Thorax (1990)

Diagnosis of pulmonary disease in human immunodeficiency virus infec- tion: role of transbronchial biopsy
Doppler and electromagnetic comparisons of instantaneous aortic flow characteristics in primates.
Authors: K TSpencer, R MLang, ANeumann, K MBorow, S GShroff
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Assessment of the pulsatile mechanical behavior of the coupled left ventricle and the peripheral arterial circulation requires accurate estimation of instantaneous aortic flow. Before the availability of Doppler technologies, this could only be achieved by invasive techniques. The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of Doppler-based measurement of instantaneous aortic blood flow and waveform morphology throughout ventricular ejection when compared with an established invasive method. Accordingly, data from electromagnetic flow and continuous-wave aortic Doppler recordings were simultaneously acquired and compared in five monkeys over a wide range of flows generated by intravenous infusions of the beta-adrenoceptor agonist dobutamine and the alpha-receptor agonist methoxamine. Instantaneous aortic pressure was measured using a high-fidelity micromanometer-tipped catheter placed in the ascending aorta. Excellent correlations were noted for stroke volume, cardiac output, left ventricular ejectio...
Chronic Lymphocytic Inflammation With Pontine Perivascular Enhancement Responsive to Steroids and Fatal B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Hongliang Zhang, Jiang Wu
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Left ventricular regional wall stress in dilated cardiomyopathy.
Authors: WHayashida, TKumada, RNohara, HTanio, MKambayashi, NIshikawa, YNakamura, YHimura, CKawai
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Left ventriculography with simultaneous pressure micromanometry was performed in 11 normal control subjects and 17 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Left ventricular silhouettes in the right anterior oblique projection were divided into eight areas, and regional wall stress was computed by Janz's method in each area excluding the two most basal areas. Wall stress was higher in DCM patients than in control subjects (p less than 0.01). The percent area changes from end diastole to end systole in each area were lower in DCM patients than in control subjects (mean for six areas, 22 +/- 14% versus 54 +/- 9%, respectively, p less than 0.01), but the coefficient of variation for the percent area changes in the six areas of the left ventricle in DCM patients was greater than that in control subjects (32 +/- 17% versus 15 +/- 4%, respectively, p less than 0.01), indicating regional differences in hypokinesis. There was a significant negative correlation between end-systolic regional wall stress and perce...
Thrombolysis for acute stroke
Authors: L. Wood
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To the Editor.  —The Original Contribution reporting results from the European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study (ECASS) 1 begs at least three basic questions. The first concerns the puzzling statement regarding recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA): Herniation from space-occupying edema was more frequent in the rt-PA—treated group. These data do not support the hypothesis that successful recanalization is followed by a significantly increased risk of brain edema that may require aggressive therapy for increased intracranial pressure. The fundamental objective of the rt-PA treatment in the ECASS was declared to be recanalization, and this was apparently achieved to a significant extent. If brain edema was observed to occur more frequently in the treated group—and the data of Table 5 in the article declare that Edema, herniation resulted in at least 50% greater differential neurological mortality in the target population at all time points, as well as overall—how is it that a hypothesis
<i>EGFR</i> Amplification in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Giovanni Randon, Rona Yaeger, Jaclyn F Hechtman, Paolo Manca, Giovanni Fucà, Henry Walch, Jeeyun Lee, Elena Élez, Jenny Seligmann, Benedetta Mussolin, Filippo Pagani, Marco Maria Germani, Margherita Ambrosini, Daniele Rossini, Margherita Ratti, Francesc Salvà, Susan D Richman, Henry Wood, Gouri Nanjangud, Annunziata Gloghini, Massimo Milione, Alberto Bardelli, Filippo de Braud, Federica Morano, Chiara Cremolini, Filippo Pietrantonio
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2021)

EGFR amplification occurs in about 1% of metastatic colorectal cancers (mCRCs) but is not routinely tested as a prognostic or predictive biomarker for patients treated with anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies. Herein, we aimed to characterize the clinical and molecular landscape of EGFR-amplified mCRC.In this multinational cohort study, we compared clinical data of 62 patients with EGFR-amplified vs 1459 EGFR nonamplified mCRC, as well as comprehensive genomic data of 35 EGFR-amplified vs 439 EGFR nonamplified RAS/BRAF wild-type and microsatellite stable (MSS) tumor samples. All statistical tests were 2-sided.EGFR amplification was statistically significantly associated with left primary tumor sidedness and RAS/BRAF wild-type status. All EGFR-amplified tumors were MSS and HER2 nonamplified. Overall, EGFR-amplified samples had higher median fraction of genome altered compared with EGFR-nonamplified, RAS/BRAF wild-type MSS cohort. Patients with EGFR-amplified tumors reported longer overall survival (OS) (median OS = 71.3 months, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 50.7 to not available [NA]) vs EGFR-nonamplified ones (24.0 months; 95% CI = 22.8 to 25.6; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.30, 95% CI = 0.20 to 0.44; P < .001; adjusted HR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.30 to 0.69; P < .001). In the subgroup of patients with RAS/BRAF wild-type mCRC exposed to anti-EGFR-based therapy, EGFR amplification was again associated with better OS (median OS = 54.0 months, 95% CI = 35.2 to NA, vs 29.1 months, 95% CI = 27.0 to 31.9, respectively; HR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.28 to 0.76; P = .002).Patients with EGFR-amplified mCRC represent a biologically defined subgroup and merit dedicated clinical trials with novel and more potent EGFR-targeting strategies beyond single-agent monoclonal antibodies.