tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Polymorphonuclear neutrophil contribution to induced tolerance to bacterial lipopolysaccharide.
Authors: JBarroso-Aranda, G WSchmid-Schönbein, B WZweifach, J CMathison
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

The objective of this study was to investigate mechanisms by which polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) contribute to the tolerance induced by repeated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injections. Tolerance was developed by daily intraperitoneal injections of sublethal doses of LPS for 4 days (LPS-tolerant group); controls were not pretreated (LPS-control group). Both groups were challenged with 9 mg/kg i.v. Escherichia coli LPS, a dose that resulted in 25% survival in LPS-control rats compared with 100% survival in LPS-tolerant rats. LPS injection caused an initial neutropenia in both groups. The neutropenia persisted throughout the experiment in LPS-control rats, whereas in LPS-tolerant rats the circulating PMN count increased dramatically; after 6 hours, the PMN count was 16-fold higher than that in LPS-control rats. Activation of circulating PMNs, PMN adhesion to nylon fibers, and tumor necrosis factor/cachectin activity were all increased in control rats given LPS. In contrast, LPS-tolerant rats had low acti...
Prognostic Value of Pancreatic Fistula in Resected Patients With Pancreatic Cancer With Neoadjuvant Therapy
Authors: Maxwell T. Trudeau, Charles M. Vollmer
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
The Starr-Edwards model 6000 valve. A fifteen-year follow-up of the first successful mitral prosthesis.
Authors: QMacmanus, GGrunkemeier, DThomas, L ELambert, AStarr
Journal: Circulation (1977)

The Starr-Edwards model 6000 mitral valve was the first successful mitral prosthesis. A fifteen year follow-up of 110 patients undergoing isolated mitral valve replacement with this prosthesis from 1960 to 1966 is presented. There were 22 (20%) operative and 37 (42%) late deaths at a mean of 8.6 years postoperatively. Preoperative variables leading to late death and thromboembolism are analyzed. Seventeen of 25 operative survivors had improvement in their NYHA Functional Class status and eight other remained unchanged an average of 13.1 years after surgery. There are 5000 patients world-wide currently relying on this prosthesis. Despite a high rate of thromboembolism in the past, elective replacement is not recommended except in selected patients.
Localization of muscarinic receptor mRNAs in rat heart and intrinsic cardiac ganglia by in situ hybridization.
Authors: D BHoover, R HBaisden, S XXi-Moy
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

Although the heart is considered a relatively pure source of m2 muscarinic receptors, the possible expression of other muscarinic receptor genes at discrete sites within the myocardium or by intrinsic cardiac ganglia had not been evaluated. Accordingly, the present study used in situ hybridization histochemistry with 35S-labeled oligonucleotide probes to address this issue. Initial experiments demonstrated that the localization of m2 mRNA was similar to that reported for muscarinic receptors labeled with the nonselective muscarinic antagonist quinuclidinyl benzilate; however, there were two important exceptions. The conducting system contained less message than expected, whereas the intrinsic cardiac ganglia contained more. The mismatch between muscarinic receptor and m2 mRNA densities in the conducting system could not be explained by the local expression of other muscarinic receptor genes, since m1, m3, and m4 mRNAs were not detected at this or any other site within the myocardium. However, the presence...
Enhancing clinical and immunological effects of anti-PD-1 with belapectin, a galectin-3 inhibitor
Authors: Brendan D Curti, Yoshinobu Koguchi, Rom S Leidner, Annah S Rolig, Elizabeth R Sturgill, Zhaoyu Sun, Yaping Wu, Venkatesh Rajamanickam, Brady Bernard, Ian Hilgart-Martiszus, Christopher B Fountain, George Morris, Noriko Iwamoto, Takashi Shimada, ShuChing Chang, Peter G Traber, Eliezer Zomer, J Rex Horton, Harold Shlevin, William L Redmond
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2021)

Background PD-1/PD-L1 engagement and overexpression of galectin-3 (Gal-3) are critical mechanisms of tumor-induced immune suppression that contribute to immunotherapy resistance. We hypothesized that Gal-3 blockade with belapectin (GR-MD-02) plus anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab) would enhance tumor response in patients with metastatic melanoma (MM) and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Methods We performed a phase I dose escalation study of belapectin+pembrolizumab in patients with advanced MM or HNSCC ( NCT02575404 ). Belapectin was administered at 2, 4, or 8 mg/kg IV 60 min before pembrolizumab (200 mg IV every 3 weeks for five cycles). Responding patients continued pembrolizumab monotherapy for up to 17 cycles. Main eligibility requirements were a functional Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group status of 0–2, measurable or assessable disease, and no active autoimmune disease. Prior T-cell checkpoint antibody therapy was permitted. Results Objective response was observed in 50% of MM (7/14) and and 33% of HNSCC (2/6) patients. Belapectin+pembrolizumab was associated with fewer immune-mediated adverse events than anticipated with pembrolizumab monotherapy. There were no dose-limiting toxicities for belapectin within the dose range investigated. Significantly increased effector memory T-cell activation and reduced monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs) were observed in responders compared with non-responders. Increased baseline expression of Gal-3+ tumor cells and PD-1+CD8+ T cells in the periphery correlated with response as did higher serum trough levels of pembrolizumab. Conclusions Belapectin+pembrolizumab therapy has activity in MM and HNSCC. Increased Gal-3 expression, expansion of effector memory T cells, and decreased M-MDSCs correlated with clinical response. Further investigation is planned.
Doxorubicin and cisplatin with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor as adjuvant chemotherapy for osteosarcoma: phase II trail of the European Osteosarcoma Intergroup
Authors: Ornadel, Souhami, Whelan, Nooy, Deelvira, Pringle, Lewis, George, Bridgewater, Wierzbicki, Craft
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1994)
Atrial natriuretic factor and isosorbide dinitrate modulate the gating of ATP-sensitive K+ channels in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells.
Authors: MKubo, YNakaya, SMatsuoka, KSaito, YKuroda
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

The effects of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) and isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), activators of particulate and soluble guanylate cyclase, respectively, on K+ currents were investigated in patch-clamp recordings of smooth muscle cells cultured from rat thoracic aorta. In the cell-attached patch configuration, ANF enhanced Ca(2+)-activated K+ (KCa) channel activities as reported previously. When KCa channels were blocked with 1 mmol/L tetraethylammonium or 10(-7) mol/L charybdotoxin, ANF and ISDN applied to the bathing solution activated ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels without altering channel conductance. Pretreatment with methylene blue, a guanylate cyclase inhibitor, abolished the effects of ISDN on KATP channels, whereas 8-bromo-cGMP activated these channels, suggesting that the effects of ISDN on KATP channels were mediated by cGMP. Our results suggest that vasorelaxant agents that increase intracellular cGMP concentrations modulate the gating of two major potassium channels, ATP sensitive and Ca2+ act...
Arterial hemodynamic indexes in Marfan's syndrome.
Authors: F CYin, K PBrin, C TTing, R EPyeritz
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Aortic impedance, wave reflection magnitude, and compliance were measured in patients with Marfan's syndrome during diagnostic cardiac catheterization. Impedance and wave reflections were calculated from standard Fourier series analysis of ascending aorta micromanometer pressure and electromagnetic flow records. Compliance was estimated by a method recently proposed that uses the area under the pressure-time curve assuming a two-element Windkessel model of the circulation. Measurements were made in the baseline state, during vasodilatation with nitroprusside, after beta-adrenergic receptor blockade with intravenous propranolol, and during vasodilatation after beta-blockade. Marfan's syndrome produces alterations from normal in some hemodynamic variables: during baseline conditions, the magnitude of wave reflection was higher than in normal patients. This was normalized by vasodilatation and further increased by beta-blockade. Despite the greatly dilated aortic root, the aortic characteristic impedance was...
Research contributions toward prevention of cardiovascular disease. Research related to the underlying mechanisms in hypertension.
Authors: H PDustan
Journal: Circulation (1979)

The pathogenesis and basic mechanisms of hypertension are not understood. Hypertension is now considered to reflect abnormality in one or more of the biologic systems that regulate flow and resistance. Its complications result from high intra-arterial pressure, and drug treatment substantially lessens these complications. The death rate from hypertension has dropped strikingly. Although current knowledge is not sufficient to develop predictably successful prevention programs, there is growing interest in applying available information. Epidemiologic studies have identified obesity as a major risk factor for hypertension; they have also been interpreted as showing that high dietary sodium intake causes hypertension in industrialized societies. Evidence on the role of obesity seems firm and can provide the basis for prevention programs. The role of sodium intake requires further study.
An in vitro study of the onset of turbulence in the sinus of Valsalva.
Authors: J APeacock
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

During systole a small portion of the mainstream aortic flow is intercepted by the sinus ridge, or downstream corner of the sinus of Valsalva. This fluid curls back toward the ventricle to form a large eddy, or vortex, that spins within the sinus cavity. The fluid motion within similar recirculating flows is known to be unstable with an early transition to turbulence. The stability of the aortic sinus vortex was examined in the current study in an in vitro pulsatile flow rig. The geometry of the experimental test section was the same as the geometry of the natural aortic root. Different model valves, including a natural valve, were placed in the test section, and different flow conditions were studied. Point velocities were measured by hot film probes placed at two locations within the sinus vortex. The velocity waveforms and their power spectra were used to determine the stability of the sinus flow. The experimental results revealed that the aortic sinus vortex becomes turbulent under simulated exercise ...
Catheter modification of the atrioventricular junction with radiofrequency energy for control of atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia.
Authors: M ALee, FMorady, AKadish, D JSchamp, M CChin, M MScheinman, J CGriffin, M DLesh, DPederson, JGoldberger
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDThe utility of transcatheter application of radiofrequency energy to eliminate atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) was investigated.METHODS AND RESULTSThirty-nine patients (mean age, 53 +/- 20 years; range 14-86 years) with medically refractory AVNRT underwent perinodal ablation with radiofrequency energy. A custom-designed 6F catheter with a large (3-mm-long) distal electrode and interelectrode pacing of 2 mm was used in the majority of cases. The catheter used for ablation was initially positioned across the tricuspid anulus to obtain the largest His bundle electrogram, then withdrawn to obtain the largest atrial:ventricular electrogram ratio, with a small His bundle electrogram (less than or equal to 100 microV). Each application of radiofrequency energy (350-550 kHz, 16.2 +/- 5.2 W) was stopped after 60 seconds or if PR prolongation or an impedance rise was noted. The endpoints of the procedure were persistent modification of atrioventricular nodal conduction (either first-d...
Socioeconomic status and coronary heart disease risk factor trends. The Minnesota Heart Survey.
Authors: R VLuepker, W DRosamond, RMurphy, J MSprafka, A RFolsom, P GMcGovern, HBlackburn
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDSocioeconomic status (SES) indicators including education, income, and occupation are associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors, morbidity, and mortality. In most industrialized nations, individuals with less education, lower income, and blue collar occupations have the highest CHD rates. It is suggested by some that these differences by SES are increasing even as age-adjusted CHD mortality declines.METHODS AND RESULTSThe Minnesota Heart Survey includes measurement of CHD risk factors and behaviors in population-based samples of Minneapolis-St. Paul adults aged 25 to 74 years in 1980 to 1982 (N = 3243) and 1985 to 1987 (N = 4538). Education was significantly and inversely related to blood pressure, cigarette smoking, body mass index, and a summary risk score for both men and women. Serum cholesterol was inversely related to education in women but not in men. Education was positively associated with leisure physical activity and health knowledge. Associations with household income...
Progressive improvement in pulmonary vascular resistance after percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty.
Authors: M JLevine, J SWeinstein, D JDiver, A DBerman, R MWyman, M JCunningham, R DSafian, WGrossman, R GMcKay
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty has been proposed as a nonsurgical technique for treating high-risk patients with mitral stenosis who are deferred from mitral valve replacement. The effect of this technique on patients with pulmonary hypertension, however, has not been fully evaluated. Accordingly, serial assessment of pulmonary vascular resistance was made in 14 patients with critical mitral stenosis and pulmonary hypertension (pulmonary vascular resistance greater than 250 dynes.sec/cm5 or mean pulmonary artery pressure greater than 40 mm Hg or both) who underwent percutaneous balloon dilatation of the mitral valve. Balloon valvuloplasty was performed with either one (n = 10) or two (n = 4) balloons through the transseptal approach, and it resulted in significant improvement in mean mitral gradient (from 18 +/- 4 to 9 +/- 4 mm Hg, p less than 0.001), systemic blood flow (from 3.7 +/- 1.2 to 5.0 +/- 2.2 l/min, p less than 0.001), and calculated mitral valve area (from 0.7 +/- 0.2 to 1.6 +/- 0.7 cm2, p ...
Hemodynamic components of a cardiogenic hypertensive chemoreflex in dogs.
Authors: FUrthaler, G RHageman, T NJames
Journal: Circulation Research (1978)

The mechanical and hemodynamic components of a cardiogenic hypertensive chemoreflex were studied in 50 dogs. Within 6 seconds after a single injection of serotonin (100 microgram/ml) into the left atrium, mean pressure (mm Hg) rose in the aorta from 103 to 197 and in the pulmonary artery from 21 to 34. Left ventricular dp/dt virtually doubled. There was an increase (75%) in peripheral vascular resistance that returned to control within 10 seconds. There was no significant change in pulmonary vascular resistance. Aortic and pulmonary arterial hypertension were associated with a profound depression (82%) in atrial force. Atropine transformed this negative inotropic effect on the atria into a positive inotropic action that averaged 65%. In contrast, ventricular force was always sharply increased, more in the right (95%) than in the left ventricle (50%). Bilateral stellectomy did not eliminate the reflex but it completely abolished the initial increase of cardiac contractility; a delayed increase in contracti...
A Novel Technique in the Management of Gastroesophageal Varices
Authors: A Yavuz, K Akan, MM Süveran, İ Tuncer, Y Çolak
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Using endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) for esophageal varices may increase the risk of developing or worsening the formation of gastroesophageal varices (GOV). Band ligation, cyanoacrylate injection, and endoscopic ultrasound-guided coil and/or glue injection treatments can be used, but these methods have some risks such as bleeding and ulcer development. There are few case reports about hemoclip in acute gastric variceal bleeding as a safe alternative.
Mechanisms for the positive inotropic effect of alpha 1-adrenoceptor stimulation in rat cardiac myocytes.
Authors: DFedida, R ABouchard
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

alpha 1-Adrenoceptor activation can enhance myocardial contractility, and two possible inotropic mechanisms are an increase in myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity and action potential prolongation, which can increase net Ca2+ entry into cells. In adult rat ventricular myocytes (bath Ca2+, 1 mM; stimulated at 0.2-0.5 Hz), the drug 4-aminopyridine and the whole-cell voltage clamp have been used to control Ca2+ entry and differentiate between the two mechanisms. At 22-23 degrees C the specific alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist methoxamine (100 microM) prolonged action potential duration at 50% repolarization from 55 +/- 2 to 81 +/- 5 msec, delayed time to peak contraction, and increased shortening amplitude from 5.3 +/- 0.6 to 7.8 +/- 1 microns (n = 18). Reduction of the transient outward current and other K+ currents by methoxamine was the major cause of action potential prolongation in rat myocytes with little change in the L-type calcium current. Block of the transient outward current with 2 mM 4-aminopyridine prolon...
The effect of premature atrial depolarization on sinus node automaticity in man.
Authors: GBreithardt, LSeipel
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Sino-atrial conduction time (SACT) may be calculated from the difference between the length of the return cycle and the spontaneous cycle, using programmed premature atrial stimulation during spontaneous sinus rhythm. This approach to sinoatrial conduction assumes that sinus node automaticity is not changed by premature depolarization. In order to validate this assumption, we compared the length of the post-return cycles to the spontaneous cycle length in 71 patients. Patients were grouped according to clinical diagnosis and the value of calculated SACT. At long coupling intervals at which no reset of the sinus node occurred there was only a small prolongation of the post-return cycles (less than 8.4 msec, on an average) compared to the spontaneous cycle length. This suggests no or only an insignificant effect of premature depolarization on the sinus node. However, during test stimuli leading to reset of the sinus node, the post-return cycles were significantly prolonged between 20 to 30 msec, on an avera...
Significance of ventricular arrhythmias initiated by programmed ventricular stimulation: the importance of the type of ventricular arrhythmia induced and the number of premature stimuli required.
Authors: PBrugada, MGreen, HAbdollah, H JWellens
Journal: Circulation (1984)

An increasing number of premature ventricular stimuli are being used during programmed stimulation of the heart in the investigation of patients with documented or suspected ventricular arrhythmias. To analyze the significance of the different types of ventricular arrhythmias that are initiated, we evaluated in a prospective study the effect of from one to four ventricular premature stimuli in 52 patients without (non-VT group) and 50 patients with (prior-VT group) documented ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. More than half of the patients in the prior-VT group had coronary heart disease. In the majority of patients of the non-VT group the heart was normal. In 44 of the 50 patients in the prior-VT group the clinically documented ventricular arrhythmia was initiated by programmed ventricular stimulation of the heart. In 88% of these 44 patients, one or two ventricular premature beats were required to initiate the clinical arrhythmia. A ventricular arrhythmia could be initiated in 31 of t...
Biochemical determinants of clearance of tissue-type plasminogen activator from the circulation.
Authors: C LLucore, E TFry, D ANachowiak, B ESobel
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Biochemical modification of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) designed to alter pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics offers promise for development of pharmaceuticals particularly suitable for treatment of specific disorders and for induction of coronary thrombolysis by intramuscular as well as intravenous administration. Accordingly, to identify biochemical determinants of clearance of t-PA from the circulation, we injected rabbits intravenously with three different preparations of t-PA synthesized from the same human gene and expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells cultured under disparate conditions. Influences of glycosylation on clearance were defined by experiments with enzymatically treated t-PA in which clearance was assessed with concomitant administration of selected neoglycoproteins that compete with t-PA for specific glycoprotein receptors. The role of an intact active catalytic site, as reflected by differences in clearance with and without prior treatment of t-PA with the protease i...
Outcomes of COVID‐19 in patients with skin cancer
Authors: R. Raiker, H. Pakhchanian, A. Hussain, M. Deng
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2021)

The effect of skin cancer diagnosis on the risk of adverse outcomes from COVID-19 remains unknown. Few studies have shown cancer patients with COVID-19 have higher rates of mortality and hospitalizations compared to those without cancer, perhaps due to a combination of delayed diagnosis and pre-existing comorbidities from chemotherapy and radiation treatments.1.
Diminishment of respiratory sinus arrhythmia foreshadows doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy.
Authors: W JHrushesky, D JFader, J SBerestka, MSommer, JHayes, F OCope
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDThe development of a microcomputer-based device permits quick, simple, and noninvasive quantification of the respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) during quiet breathing.METHODS AND RESULTSWe prospectively and serially measured the radionuclide left ventricular ejection fraction and the RSA amplitude in 34 cancer patients receiving up to nine monthly bolus treatments with doxorubicin hydrochloride (60 mg/m2). Of the eight patients who ultimately developed symptomatic doxorubicin-induced congestive heart failure, seven (87.5%) demonstrated a significant decline in RSA amplitude; five of 26 subjects without clinical symptoms of cardiotoxicity (19.2%) showed a similar RSA amplitude decline. On average, significant RSA amplitude decline occurred 3 months before the last planned doxorubicin dose in patients destined to develop clinical congestive heart failure.CONCLUSIONOverall, RSA amplitude abnormality proved to be a more specific predictor of clinically significant congestive heart failure than did s...