tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of exposure to factor concentrates containing donations from identified AIDS patients. A matched cohort study
Authors: J. Jason
Journal: JAMA (1986)

We compared recipients of eight lots of factors VIII and IX voluntarily withdrawn from distribution because one donor was known to have subsequently developed the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with a nonexposed cohort matched by age, sex, and factor use. The factor VIII recipient cohorts did not differ in prevalence of antibody to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (exposed, 75%; nonexposed, 86%), T-cell subset numbers (median: exposed, 619 T-helper cells per cubic millimeter; nonexposed, 659 T-helper cells per cubic millimeter), T-helper to T-suppressor ratios, or immunoglobulin levels. Exposed individuals had higher levels of immune complexes by C1q binding and staphylococcal binding assays and lower responses to phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A. However, only the staphylococcal binding assay values were outside the normal range for our laboratory. Factor IX recipient cohorts did not differ in HIV antibody prevalence (exposed, 30%; nonexposed, 40%) or any immune tests. Although exposed and nonexposed individuals did not differ from each other in a clinically meaningful fashion at initial testing, both the exposed and nonexposed cohorts had high rates of HIV seroprevalence. Market withdrawals were clearly insufficient means of limiting the spread of HIV in hemophilic patients; however, the currently available methods of donor screening and viral inactivation of blood products will prevent continued exposure within this population. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;256:1758-1762)
Causes of death after kidney transplantation
Authors: G. F. Washer
Journal: JAMA (1983)

During the five-year period September 1974 through August 1979, two hundred nine consecutive patients received their first kidney transplant in Denver. During 2.5 to 7.5 years of follow-up, 54 patients (26%) died. Infection was the leading cause of death during all intervals and was responsible for 22 (41%) of the 54 deaths. Pneumonia was primarily responsible for 14 of the 22 deaths from infection. The other causes of death were cardiovascular problems in 11 patients (20%), suicide in eight patients (15%), gastrointestinal (GI) tract problems in seven patients (13%), malignant neoplasms in two patients (4%), and miscellaneous problems in four patients (7%). Twenty-six (48%) of the 54 deaths occurred more than one year after primary transplantation; 12 of these 26 patients had already returned to chronic hemodialysis. To minimize mortality after transplantation, patients and their physicians must remain alert to the ongoing risks to which these patients are exposed, including the risks of sudden death from infection, myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolus, suicide, or GI tract perforation. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;250:49-54)
Progress in Global Measles Control and Mortality Reduction, 2000-2006
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccine since 1963, measles has been a major killer of children in developing countries (causing an estimated 750,000 deaths as recently as 2000), primarily because of underutilization of the vaccine. At the World Health Assembly in 2008, all World Health Organization (WHO) member states reaffirmed their commitment to achieving a 90% reduction in measles mortality by 2010 compared with 2000, a goal that was established in 2005 as part of the Global Immunization Vision and Strategy (2). This WHO-UNICEF comprehensive strategy for measles mortality reduction (1) focuses on 47 priority countries. The strategy's components include 1) achieving and maintaining high coverage (>90%) with the routinely scheduled first dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) among children aged 1 year; 2) ensuring that all children receive a second opportunity for measles immunization (either through a second routine dose or through periodic supplementary immunization activities [SIAs]); 3) implementing effective laboratory-supported disease surveillance; and 4) providing appropriate clinical management for measles cases. This report updates previously published reports and describes immunization and surveillance activities implemented during 2007. Increased routine measles vaccine coverage and SIAs implemented during 2000--2007 resulted in a 74% decrease in the estimated number of measles deaths globally. An estimated 197,000 deaths from measles occurred in 2007; of these, 136,000 (69%) occurred in the WHO South-East Asian Region. Achievement of the 2010 goal will require full implementation of measles mortality reduction strategies, especially in the WHO South-East Asian Region.
Teledermatology and Digital Dermatology Symposium
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2019)

Journal Article Teledermatology and Digital Dermatology Symposium Get access British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 181, Issue S1, 1 July 2019, Pages 168–176, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.17904 Published: 01 July 2019
Molecular Mechanisms For Memory: Second-Messenger Induced Modifications Of Protein Kinases In Nerve Cells
Authors: J. Schwartz
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (1987)

The brain's default mode network consists of discrete, bilateral and symmetrical cortical areas, in the medial and lateral parietal, medial prefrontal, and medial and lateral temporal cortices of the human, nonhuman primate, cat, and rodent brains. Its ...Read More
Dietary sodium restriction for mild hypertension in general practice.
Authors: G Watt, J T Hart, C Foy
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Eighteen patients with stable mild hypertension (mean blood pressure 144/93 mm Hg) restricted their sodium intake for eight weeks while taking part in a double blind randomised crossover trial of slow sodium and placebo tablets.Mean 24 hour urinary sodium excretion was 143 mmol(mEq) during the period on slow sodium and 87 mmol during the period on placebo.Five patients were unable to reduce their sodium intake below 120 mmol, but the others had a mean 24 hour urinary sodium excretion of 59 mmol during the period on placebo.There was no significant difference in blood pressure between the slow sodium and placebo treatment periods, although the study had a power of 99% to detect a difference of 5 mm Hg in mean arterial pressure between the two periods.Moderate dietary sodium restriction does not lower blood pressure in patients with this degree of hyper- tension.
DENMARK
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical significance of monitoring <i>KRAS</i> in tissue and plasma of pancreatic cancer patients.
Authors: Fumiaki Watanabe, Koichi Suzuki, Yuhei Endo, Hideki Ishikawa, Nao Kakizawa, Hiroshi Noda, Toshiki Rikiyama
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

254 Background: KRAS mutation is observed in 90% of pancreatic cancer patients. Therefore, investigating tumor DNA in plasma by KRAS monitoring may be even more valuable in pancreatic cancer patients. Methods: We collected the tissue and plasma of 78 pancreatic cancer patients (surgery group; 39, non-surgery group; 39). KRAS mutation in the tissue and mutated circulating tumor DNA (MctDNA) in plasma was detected by digital polymerase chain reaction in 78 patients. Identical KRAS mutation detected in tissue (ex. 12D, 12V) was monitored in plasma. Results: KRAS mutation in the tissue was detected in 65 of 73 patients. KRAS assessment in the tissue was not performed in 5 patients, because of tissues small amounts of tissue materials by biopsy. These 65 patients with KRAS mutation in tissue showed poorer prognosis (3 years OS; 23.4%) than 8 patients without mutation (3 years; 66.7%). MctDNA in plasma of surgery group was seen in 14 of 39 patients. Thirteen in 14 patients with MctDNA showed recurrence and 12 patients were dead. These 14 patients with MctDNA in plasma showed significantly poorer prognosis (2 years OS; 16.3%) than 25 patients without mutation (3 years; 71.6%) (p = 0.00). Univariate analysis revealed that poor differentiation and the detection of MctDNA were independent factors to predict poor survival in surgery group. The detection of MctDNA was confirmed to be an independent factor in multivariate analysis (Hazard ratio; 31.25). MctDNA in plasma of non-surgery group was seen in 28 of 39 patients. But, MctDNA in 6 patients was disappeared in clinical course. These 6 patients and 11 patients without MctDNA displayed better prognosis (2 years OS; 72.1%) than 22 patients with MctDNA (2 years OS; 12.1%) with significance (p = 0.0001). Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that no treatment and the detection of MctDNA were independent factors to predict poor survival in non-surgery group. (Hazard ratio; 8.78, 4.76, respectively). Conclusions: KRAS monitoring in plasma reflects tumor dynamics. The appearance of MctDNA during KRAS monitoring provides important information for the treatment of pancreatic cancer patients.
A PROPOSED CLASSIFICATION OF HYPERSENSITIVENESS
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Premarital syphilis serologies
Authors: R. Rothenberg
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We support the general philosophy of disease control that Dr Felman espoused in his recent article calling for the abolition of mandatory premarital syphilis screening. He advocates screening of high-risk groups and prenatal screening to prevent congenital syphilis. While we agree that screening for syphilis in low-risk groups should not be advocated, we strongly believe that premarital screening should not necessarily be universally abandoned. Arbitrary decisions to maintain or abolish premarital screening make little sense. The decision to screen must rest on local epidemiologic circumstances rather than data from New York City or even national data. Several factors must be considered when deciding whether or not to screen: Local law and practice with respect to premarital syphilis testing. The geographic clustering of syphilis in a community. The distribution of syphilis cases by sexual preference (though almost one half of the infectious syphilis in 1976
Clinicopathology conferences
Authors: Fenton Schaffner, Swan N. Thung
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

An 18-yr-old woman was referred to the Department of Pediatrics of the Mount Sinai Medical Center for evaluation for possible liver transplantation.She had been abandoned by her mother, who reportedly was an intravenous drug user, and the patient had spent several years in a group home.A routine examination at age 15 yr revealed increased aminotransferase activity and a low platelet count.However, she was asymptomatic.She never received blood transfusions.A bone marrow aspiration showed decreased megakaryocytes.She was not treated, and the abnormalities in her liver function continued.Increasing abdominal girth and fatigability developed.Three years later, she had an open liver biopsy with fresh-frozen plasma coverage because her prothrombin time was 15.7 sec (normal = 11.0 to 13.2 sec).CAH and micronodular cirrhosis were found.At that time she had a serum albumin level of 2.5 gm/dl (normal 3.7 to 5.7 gm/dl), an anti-smooth muscle antibody titer of 1 : 80, normal serum a,-antitrypsin and serum ceruloplasmin levels and a normal 24-hr urine copper level.She began receiving 40 mg prednisone and 50 mg azathioprine per day.Because no response to therapy was noted after 3 mo, she was referred for transplantation.On initial examination at the Mount Sinai Medical Center, she was obese, her weight was in the ninetieth percentile for her age and her height was in the ninety-fifth percentile.Ascites and splenomegaly were noted.She had a draining abscess at the site of her liver biopsy, from which Staphylococcus aureus was cultured.The initial serum bilirubin level was 3.3 mg/dl (normal = 0.1 to 1.2 mg/dl), ALT 200 U L (normal = 1 to 53 UL), AST 179 U L (normal = 1 to 50 U/L) and alkaline phosphatase 271 U/L (normal = 30 to 110 U/L).The total serum protein level was 5.0 gm/dl with an albumin level of 2.8 gm/dl.Anti-smooth muscle antibody titer was 1:20 and antinuclear antibody was negative, as it
A phase III randomized controlled trial of short-course radiotherapy with or without concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide in elderly patients with glioblastoma (CCTG CE.6, EORTC 26062-22061, TROG 08.02, NCT00482677).
Authors: James R. Perry, Normand Laperriere, Christopher J. O'Callaghan, Alba Ariela Brandes, Johan Menten, Claire Phillips, Michael F. Fay, Ryo Nishikawa, J. Gregory Cairncross, Wilson Roa, David Osoba, Arjun Sahgal, Hal W. Hirte, Wolfgang Wick, Florence Laigle-Donadey, Enrico Franceschi, Olivier L. Chinot, Chad Winch, Keyue Ding, Warren P. Mason
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

LBA2 The full, final text of this abstract will be available at abstracts.asco.org at 7:30 AM (EDT) on Sunday, June 5, 2016, and in the Annual Meeting Proceedings online supplement to the June 20, 2016, issue of the Journal of Clinical Oncology. Onsite at the Meeting, this abstract will be printed in the Sunday edition of ASCO Daily News.
Induced-Pluripotent-Stem-Cell-Derived Primitive Macrophages Provide a Platform for Modeling Tissue-Resident Macrophage Differentiation and Function
Authors: S. Garel, Kazuyuki Takata, Tatsuya Kozaki, Christopher Zhe Wei Lee, Morgane Sonia Thion, Masayuki Otsuka, Shawn Lim, Kagistia Hana Utami, Kerem Fidan, Dong Shin Park, Benoit Malleret, Svetoslav Chakarov, Peter See, Donovan Low, Gillian Low, Marta Garcia-Miralles, Ruizhu Zeng, Jinqiu Zhang, Chi Ching Goh, Ahmet Gul, Sandra Hubert, Bernett Lee, Jinmiao Chen, Ivy Low, Nurhidaya Binte Shadan, Josephine Lum, Tay Seok Wei, Esther Mok, Shohei Kawanishi, Yoshihisa Kitamura, Anis Larbi, Michael Poidinger, Laurent Renia, Lai Guan Ng, Yochai Wolf, Steffen Jung, Tamer Önder, Evan Newell, Tara Huber, Eishi Ashihara, Mahmoud A. Pouladi, Florent Ginhoux
Journal: Immunity (2020)
Migratory pulmonary infiltrates secondary to aspirated foreign body
Authors: J. L. Hargis
Journal: JAMA (1978)

IF AN aspirated foreign body is not expelled by cough, the patient may become totally asymptomatic, and a diagnosis may not be made until complications arise later.<sup>1</sup>A chest roentgenogram usually shows a radiopaque foreign body; however, the diagnosis of a small or a radiolucent foreign body requires a high index of suspicion and careful bronchoscopy. Situations have been described in which the presence of a foreign body was not diagnosed until part of the lung was removed as treatment for abscess, bronchiectasis, or a suspected tumor.<sup>2</sup> We describe an unusual presentation of an aspirated foreign body. Although the object was radiopaque, its presence on the initial chest roentgenograms was not detected. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> In May 1977, a 58-year-old mentally retarded man had a persistent cough, and a chest roentgenogram showed a right upper lobe infiltrate. He was treated with penicillin G procaine, and a repeated
Modifying risk of developing lung cancer by changing habits of cigarette smoking.
Authors: J H Lubin
Journal: BMJ (1984)

infection is not common in children presenting with enuresis,2 3 there is a slightly increased incidence especially in girls6 and we usually send a urine specimen for culture.Urine is also tested for glucose to exclude diabetes mellitus presenting with polyuria.Some enterprising general practitioners have purchased enuresis alarms at their own expense to lend to patients.The time has now come when all general practitioners should be allowed to prescribe these useful devices.This would not only save drug dispensing and hospital costs but would be more convenient for patients and their parents-some of whom in our rural area face a return journey of over 100 miles to the outpatient clinic.
Metronidazole neuropathy.
Authors: W G Bradley, I J Karlsson, C G Rassol
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Metronidazole neuropathyMetronidazole is one of the 5-nitroimidazole group of compounds, several of which have found a wide range of applications in thera- peutics.Metronidazole is well established as a protozoacide in trichomoniasis,' giardiasis, and amoebiasis; as a bactericidal agent in anaerobic infections2-15; and as a potentiating agent in radiotherapy.6-7Its use has been suggested for various other conditions including alcoholism,' Crohn's disease,9 endocrine exophthalmos,"' rheumatoid arthritis," rosacea," and acne.'3Tanga et all4 have evaluated metronidazole as an anti-inflammatory agent.Despite the fears prompted by animal experiments that metronidazole might be mutagenic or teratogenic,' 15-1 it has proved remarkably safe in clinical practice.' 17Nevertheless, six cases of peripheral neuropathy with metronidazole have been reported,2 9 18 19 and we describe here a further patient with peripheral neuropathy due to metronidazole.We also describe animal studies performed to investigate the mechanism of neurotoxicity. Case reportThis 33-year-old man had a 17-year history of histologically confirmed Crohn's disease.He had undergone three bowel resections (right hemico- lectomy, resection of the ileocolonic anastomosis and part of the ileum with
A Handbook of Diseases of Women, including Diseases of the Bladder and Urethra.
Journal: JAMA (1890)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Massachusetts Medical Society
Authors: John Figgis Jewett
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

COMMITTEE ON MATERNAL WELFAREViral HepatitisComplaining of weakness, fatigue and myalgia during all three months of her first pregnancy an 18-year-old colored woman came to the emergency ward at night after three days of worsening chills, fever (temperature of 38.3°C), anorexia and vomiting. An upper respiratory infection was found; trimethobenzamide (Tigan) was given intramuscularly, and the patient sent home. Moaning and restless throughout the night, she was unresponsive by morning and was admitted to the hospital at 11 a.m. The husband, a known addict, specifically denied that the patient had used drugs, but said that she had had a . . .
Uncertainty in the Estimation of Benzene Risks: Application of an Uncertainty Taxonomy to Risk Assessments Based on an Epidemiology Study of Rubber Hydrochloride Workers
Authors: Daniel M. Byrd, Elizabeth T. Barfield
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

This paper reviews 14 risk assessments that use the data from descriptions by Rinsky, Young, and co-workers of benzene-associated leukemias among a group of rubber hydrochloride workers in Ohio. The leukemogenic risks of benzene estimated in these assessments differ. The assessors use different assumptions (parameters, confounding factors, or formulas), which account for the differences in risk. The purpose of the review is to determine whether the major source of uncertainty in assessments of benzene risk arises from data, method, or concept. The results show that methodological differences dominate the other two potential sources with respect to impact on risk magnitude.