tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Behavioral Counseling to Promote a Healthful Diet and Physical Activity for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Adults Without Cardiovascular Risk Factors
Authors: David C. Grossman, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, Susan J. Curry, Michael J. Barry, Karina W. Davidson, Chyke A. Doubeni, John W. Epling, Alex R. Kemper, Alex H. Krist, Ann E. Kurth, C. Seth Landefeld, Carol M. Mangione, Maureen G. Phipps, Michael Silverstein, Melissa A. Simon, Chien-Wen Tseng
Journal: JAMA (2017)

<h3>Importance</h3> Adults who adhere to national guidelines for a healthful diet and physical activity have lower rates of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality than those who do not. All persons, regardless of their risk status for cardiovascular disease (CVD), can gain health benefits from healthy eating behaviors and appropriate physical activity. <h3>Objective</h3> To update the 2012 US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation on behavioral counseling to promote a healthful diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention among adults without obesity who do not have cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia, abnormal blood glucose levels, or diabetes). <h3>Evidence Review</h3> The USPSTF reviewed the evidence on whether primary care–relevant counseling interventions to promote a healthful diet, physical activity, or both improve health outcomes, intermediate outcomes associated with CVD, or dietary or physical activity behaviors in adults; interventions to reduce sedentary behaviors; and the harms of behavioral counseling interventions. <h3>Findings</h3> Counseling interventions result in improvements in healthful behaviors and small but potentially important improvements in intermediate outcomes, including reductions in blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and improvements in measures of adiposity. The overall magnitude of benefit related to these interventions is positive but small. The potential harms are at most small, leading the USPSTF to conclude that these interventions have a small net benefit for adults without obesity who do not have CVD risk factors. <h3>Conclusions and Recommendation</h3> The USPSTF recommends that primary care professionals individualize the decision to offer or refer adults without obesity who do not have hypertension, dyslipidemia, abnormal blood glucose levels, or diabetes to behavioral counseling to promote a healthful diet and physical activity. Existing evidence indicates a positive but small benefit of behavioral counseling for the prevention of CVD in this population. Persons who are interested and ready to make behavioral changes may be most likely to benefit from behavioral counseling. (C recommendation)
Fixed-dose combination of pertuzumab and trastuzumab for subcutaneous injection plus chemotherapy in HER2-positive early breast cancer (FeDeriCa): a randomised, open-label, multicentre, non-inferiority, phase 3 study
Authors: Antoinette R Tan, Seock-Ah Im, André Mattar, Ramon Colomer, Daniil Stroyakovskii, Zbigniew Nowecki, Michelino De Laurentiis, Jean-Yves Pierga, Kyung Hae Jung, Christian Schem, Alexandra Hogea, Tanja Badovinac Crnjevic, Sarah Heeson, Mahesh Shivhare, Whitney P Kirschbrown, Eleonora Restuccia, Christian Jackisch
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2020)
The <i>Wolfiporia Cocos</i> Genome and Transcriptome Shed Light on the Formation of Its Edible and Medicinal Sclerotium
Authors: Hongmei Luo, Jun Qian, Zhichao Xu, Wanjing Liu, Lei Xu, Ying Li, Jiang Xu, Jianhong Zhang, Xiaolan Xu, Chang Liu, Liu He, Jianqin Li, Chao Sun, Francis Martin, Jingyuan Song, Shilin Chen
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2020)

Wolfiporia cocos (F. A. Wolf) has been praised as a food delicacy and medicine for centuries in China. Here, we present the genome and transcriptome of the Chinese strain CGMCC5.78 of W. cocos. High-confidence functional prediction was made for 9277 genes among the 10,908 total predicted gene models in the W. cocos genome. Up to 2838 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified to be related to sclerotial development by comparing the transcriptomes of mycelial and sclerotial tissues. These DEGs are involved in mating processes, differentiation of fruiting body tissues, and metabolic pathways. A number of genes encoding enzymes and regulatory factors related to polysaccharide and triterpenoid production were strikingly regulated. A potential triterpenoid gene cluster including the signature lanosterol synthase (LSS) gene and its modified components were annotated. In addition, five nonribosomal peptide synthase (NRPS)-like gene clusters, eight polyketide synthase (PKS) gene clusters, and 15 terpene gene clusters were discovered in the genome. The differential expression of the velevt family proteins, transcription factors, carbohydrate-active enzymes, and signaling components indicated their essential roles in the regulation of fungal development and secondary metabolism in W. cocos. These genomic and transcriptomic resources will be valuable for further investigations of the molecular mechanisms controlling sclerotial formation and for its improved medicinal applications.
Infographic. Successful hosting of a mass sporting event during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Glen Hagemann, Christina Hu, Nawal Al Hassani, Noura Kahil
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2020)

Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD), which includes a range of disorders of different severity and is one of the most prevalent types of liver disease worldwide, has recently regained increased attention. Among other reasons, the realisation that any alcohol intake, regardless of type of beverage represents a health risk, and the new therapeutic strategies tested in recently published or undergoing clinical trials spur scientific interest in this area. In April 2019, Gut convened a round table panel of experts during the European Association for the Study of the Liver International Liver Congress in Vienna to discuss critical and up-to-date issues and clinical trial data regarding ALD, its epidemiology, diagnosis, management, pathomechanisms, possible future treatments and prevention. This paper summarises the discussion and its conclusions.
Immuno-modulatory effect of probiotic E. coli Nissle 1917 in polarized human colonic cells against Campylobacter jejuni infection
Authors: Yosra A. Helmy, Issmat I. Kassem, Gireesh Rajashekara
Journal: Gut Microbes (2020)

Campylobacter jejuni is among the leading causes of bacterial foodborne illness. Poultry is the major reservoir and source of human campylobacteriosis. Currently, there is no effective and practical method to decrease C. jejuni colonization in chickens or to reduce human infections. Additionally, antibiotic-resistant infections pose a serious public health concern; therefore, antibiotic-alternative approaches are needed to reduce transmission of C. jejuni including resistant bacteria from chickens to humans. Here, we evaluated the effect of E. coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) on innate responses of polarized HT-29 cells and consequently on C. jejuni 81176 infections in HT-29 cells. Pre-treatment of HT-29 cells with EcN for 4 h had a significant effect on the invasion of different C. jejuni strains (2 h post-infection) (P < .05) and no intracellular C. jejuni (24 h post-infection) were recovered. To further understand how EcN mediates its impact on C. jejuni's survival inside the cells, we used Human Antibacterial RT2 ProfilerTM PCR arrays to profile gene expression in HT-29 cells after treatment with EcN with or without C. jejuni 81–176 infection. Our results suggest that pre-treatment of the HT-29 cells with EcN induced the anti-inflammatory cytokines and activated the anti-apoptotic Akt signaling which likely to protect the cells against the proinflammatory and apoptosis responses induced by C. jejuni. EcN also positively affected the expression of genes involved in cellular maintenance, growth, development, and proliferation. Further, EcN modulated the expression of genes involved in protective innate immunity, such as TLRs, ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, Ap1, JNK, IL1B, IL17A, and NF-κB signaling.
Abstract 18514: Outcomes of Different Mechanical Circulatory Support (MCS) Devices and Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR): A National Cross-sectional US Experience
Authors: Chirag Savani, Vikas Singh, Samir V Patel, Rajesh Sonani, Shilpkumar Arora, Badal Thakkar, Nilay Patel, Nileshkumar J Patel, Sopan Lahewala, Sidakpal S Panaich, Achint Patel, Parth Bhatt, Aashay Patel, Abhishek Dave, Ankit Chothani, Sunny Jhamnani, Abhishek Deshmukh, Apurva O Badheka
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: The data regarding use of different Mechanical Circulatory Support (MCS) devices in TAVR is limited. The present study was performed to analyze the complications and outcomes of different MCS in TAVR. Methods: The subjects under study were obtained from Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) for the years 2011-12 using ICD-9-CM procedure codes for TAVR and MCS. The use of MCS was divided into Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP), percutaneous ventricular assist devices (PVADs) including Impella and TandemHeart, Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and percutaneous cardiopulmonary support and cardiopulmonary bypass (CBP) using ICD-9-CM codes. The incidence of in-hospital mortality and occurrence of procedure related complications were analyzed. Results: Out of total 1794 TAVR procedures, MCS was utilized in 190 (10.6%) procedures. CBP was the most commonly utilized 136 (71.6%) followed by IABP 36 (18.9%), ECMO 14 (7.4%) and 4 (2.1%). In-hospital mortality was highest with use of IABP (36.6%), followed by ECMO (14.3%), CBP (9.6%) and PVAD (0%) with p-value &lt;0.01. The incidence of complications was similar in IABP and PVAD (100% each) followed by ECMO (85.7%) and CBP (59.4%) with p-value &lt;0.01. Conclusion: Being retrospective in design, the present study has no information regarding indications and individual patient related variables in which each of the MCS devices used. Overall, CBP was observed as the most extensive used MCS modality with less mortality (9.6%) and least complications (59.4%).
Optimal Therapy for ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: The Role of Residual Thrombus⁎⁎Editorials published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology reflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACC or the American College of Cardiology.
Authors: Robert J. Applegate
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Red Plaques in a Pediatric Patient With Acute Leukemia of Ambiguous Lineage
Authors: Arabella Wallett, Rebecca Manudhane, Jill Lipsett
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Living Organ Donor Perspectives on Organ Donation During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Meera N. Harhay, Ann C. Klassen, Janet Fleetwood, Peter P. Reese, Krista L. Lentine, Michael Mittelman, Rebecca L. Bertha
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2020)

Background: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, transplant programs across the U S  postponed living donor surgeries and transplants  We examined perspectives of former and prospective living organ donors on the risks and excess burdens of organ donation during the COVID-19 pandemic  Methods: In late April 2020, we disseminated an IRB-approved survey to a national online forum of over 1300 living donors and those in workup for donation  Using visual analog scales, respondents rated sources of information about COVID-19, burdens on donors due to the pandemic, and what factors should determine whether living donation should proceed during the pandemic (0=unimportant, 100=very important)  Results: After 4 weeks, there were 101 respondents from 35 U S  states;63% were between 31-50 years old, 95% were non-Hispanic white, and 90% were female  Respondents included 68 living donors (72% kidney) and 33 people in work-up to donate (73% kidney)  The most and least important sources of information about COVID-19 were personal doctors (median importance 88, IQR 73-100) and social media (median 26, IQR 12-54), respectively  Nearly half (41%) were unsure of their transplant program's policy for living donation during the pandemic, and 58% reported that the decision to donate during COVID-19 should depend on factors such as transplant candidate health (median 100, IQR 90-100) and availability of COVID-19 tests (median 84, IQR 70-95)  Respondents rated concern for transplant candidates and loss of employer-based health insurance as the most important pandemic-related stressors for donors (Figure)  Conclusions: Many living organ donors were uncertain about their transplant program's approach for donation during the pandemic  Donors were concerned about the health of transplant candidates and financial stressors, and prioritized availability of COVID-19 testing to determine when living donation should proceed during the pandemic
Subcellular Distribution of p53 by the p53-Responsive lncRNA <i>NBAT1</i> Determines Chemotherapeutic Response in Neuroblastoma
Authors: Sanhita Mitra, Somsundar Veppil Muralidharan, Mirco Di Marco, Prasanna Kumar Juvvuna, Subazini Thankaswamy Kosalai, Silke Reischl, Daniel Jachimowicz, Santhilal Subhash, Ivan Raimondi, Leo Kurian, Maite Huarte, Per Kogner, Matthias Fischer, John Inge Johnsen, Tanmoy Mondal, Chandrasekhar Kanduri
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Neuroblastoma has a low mutation rate for the p53 gene. Alternative ways of p53 inactivation have been proposed in neuroblastoma, such as abnormal cytoplasmic accumulation of wild-type p53. However, mechanisms leading to p53 inactivation via cytoplasmic accumulation are not well investigated. Here we show that the neuroblastoma risk-associated locus 6p22.3-derived tumor suppressor NBAT1 is a p53-responsive lncRNA that regulates p53 subcellular levels. Low expression of NBAT1 provided resistance to genotoxic drugs by promoting p53 accumulation in cytoplasm and loss from mitochondrial and nuclear compartments. Depletion of NBAT1 altered CRM1 function and contributed to the loss of p53-dependent nuclear gene expression during genotoxic drug treatment. CRM1 inhibition rescued p53-dependent nuclear functions and sensitized NBAT1-depleted cells to genotoxic drugs. Combined inhibition of CRM1 and MDM2 was even more effective in sensitizing aggressive neuroblastoma cells with p53 cytoplasmic accumulation. Thus, our mechanistic studies uncover an NBAT1-dependent CRM1/MDM2-based potential combination therapy for patients with high-risk neuroblastoma. Significance: This study shows how a p53-responsive lncRNA mediates chemotherapeutic response by modulating nuclear p53 pathways and identifies a potential treatment strategy for patients with high-risk neuroblastoma.
The Health Impact of MAFLD, a Novel Disease Cluster of NAFLD, Is Amplified by the Integrated Effect of Fatty Liver Disease–Related Genetic Variants
Authors: Zhenqiu Liu, Chen Suo, Oumin Shi, Chunqing Lin, Renjia Zhao, Huangbo Yuan, Li Jin, Tiejun Zhang, Xingdong Chen
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2020)
Targeting P-Selectin During Coronary Interventions: The Elusive Link Between Inflammation and Platelets to Prevent Myocardial Damage⁎⁎Editorials published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology reflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACC or the American College of Cardiology.
Authors: Fernando Alfonso, Dominick J. Angiolillo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
RIPK3 acts as a lipid metabolism regulator contributing to inflammation and carcinogenesis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Marta B Afonso, Pedro M Rodrigues, Miguel Mateus-Pinheiro, André L Simão, Maria M Gaspar, Amine Majdi, Enara Arretxe, Cristina Alonso, Alvaro Santos-Laso, Raul Jimenez-Agüero, Emma Eizaguirre, Luis Bujanda, Maria Jesus Pareja, Jesus M Banales, Vlad Ratziu, Jeremie Gautheron, Rui E Castro, Cecília M P Rodrigues
Journal: Gut (2020)

Objective Receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) is a key player in necroptosis execution and an emerging metabolic regulator, whose contribution to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is controversial. We aimed to clarify the impact of RIPK3 signalling in the pathogenesis of human and experimental NAFLD. Design RIPK3 levels were evaluated in two large independent cohorts of patients with biopsy proven NAFLD diagnosis and correlated with clinical and biochemical parameters. Wild-type (WT) or Ripk3 -deficient ( Ripk3 −/− ) mice were fed a choline-deficient L-amino acid-defined diet (CDAA) or an isocaloric control diet for 32 and 66 weeks. Results RIPK3 increased in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in both cohorts, correlating with hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. Accordingly, Ripk3 deficiency ameliorated CDAA-induced inflammation and fibrosis in mice at both 32 and 66 weeks. WT mice on the CDAA diet for 66 weeks developed preneoplastic nodules and displayed increased hepatocellular proliferation, which were reduced in Ripk3 −/− mice. Furthermore, Ripk 3 deficiency hampered tumourigenesis. Intriguingly, Ripk3 −/− mice displayed increased body weight gain, while lipidomics showed that deletion of Ripk3 shifted hepatic lipid profiles. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) was increased in Ripk3 −/− mice and negatively correlated with hepatic RIPK3 in patients with NAFLD. Mechanistic studies established a functional link between RIPK3 and PPARγ in controlling fat deposition and fibrosis. Conclusion Hepatic RIPK3 correlates with NAFLD severity in humans and mice, playing a key role in managing liver metabolism, damage, inflammation, fibrosis and carcinogenesis. Targeting RIPK3 and its intricate signalling arises as a novel promising approach to treat NASH and arrest disease progression.
Spillover Effects of Medicare's Voluntary Bundled Payments for Joint Replacement Surgery to Patients Insured by Commercial Health Plans
Authors: Amol S. Navathe, Joshua M. Liao, Kristin A. Linn, Yi Zhang, Akriti Mishra, Robin Wang, Claire T. Dinh, Jingsan Zhu, Deborah S. Cousins, Jacob Lindner, Ezekiel J. Emanuel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Under the Bundled Payments for Care Improvement (BPCI) program, bundled paymtents for lower-extremity joint replacement (LEJR) are associated with 2% to 4% cost savings with stable quality among Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries. However, BPCI may prompt practice changes that benefit all patients, not just fee-for-service beneficiaries.To examine the association between hospital participation in BPCI and LEJR outcomes for patients with commercial insurance or Medicare Advantage (MA).Quasi-experimental study using Health Care Cost Institute claims from 2011 to 2016.LEJR at 281 BPCI hospitals and 562 non-BPCI hospitals.184 922 patients with MA or commercial insurance.Differential changes in LEJR outcomes at BPCI hospitals versus at non-BPCI hospitals matched on propensity score were evaluated using a difference-in-differences (DID) method. Secondary analyses evaluated associations by patient MA status and hospital characteristics. Primary outcomes were changes in 90-day total spending on LEJR episodes and 90-day readmissions; secondary outcomes were postacute spending and discharge to postacute care providers.Average episode spending decreased more at BPCI versus non-BPCI hospitals (change, -2.2% [95% CI, -3.6% to -0.71%]; P = 0.004), but differences in changes in 90-day readmissions were not significant (adjusted DID, -0.47 percentage point [CI, -1.0 to 0.06 percentage point]; P = 0.084). Participation in BPCI was also associated with differences in decreases in postacute spending and discharge to institutional postacute care providers. Decreases in episode spending were larger for hospitals with high baseline spending but did not vary by MA status.Nonrandomized studies are subject to residual confounding and selection.Participation in BPCI was associated with modest spillovers in episode savings. Bundled payments may prompt hospitals to implement broad care redesign that produces benefits regardless of insurance coverage.Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics at the University of Pennsylvania.
RESECTION AND IMMUNOTHERAPY FOR RECURRENT GRADE III GLIOMA
Authors: Iris Elens, Steven De Vleeschouwer, Femke Pauwels, Stefaan Van Gool
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2012)

Background. Despite surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, the prognosis of relapsed grade III gliomas remains poor. After promising results of immunotherapy in grade IV gliomas, we investigated its safety and efficacy in recurrent grade III gliomas. Methods. Thirty-nine patients received vaccines containing dendritic cells loaded with autologous tumor lysate after tumor resection. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared with those obtained after temozolomide (TMZ) treatment as found in the literature. Results. Median PFS and OS were 4.6 and 20.5, 3.4 and 18.8, 7.8 and 13.3 months in recurrent grade III astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, and oligoastrocytoma, respectively. Compared with TMZ, no grade III/IV toxicity was reported and median OS tended to be higher although there was no difference in median PFS. The perceived benefit of immunotherapy was more pronounced in astrocytic tumors. Conclusions. We provide the first description of immunotherapy in recurrent grade III glioma as safe, promising, and feasible.