tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Improvement of heart failure after renal transplantation: The complex maze of cardio-renal interaction⁎Editorials published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiologyreflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACCor the American College of Cardiology.⁎
Authors: Hector O. Ventura, Mandeep R. Mehra
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2005)
332MO Comparison of NEPA-based versus olanzapine/aprepitant-based antiemetic regimen for Chinese breast cancer patients undergoing highly emetogenic chemotherapy
Authors: W. Yeo, C.C. Yip, T.K. Lau, K.T. Lai, V.T. Chan, L. Li, E. Pang, M. Cheung, C.C. Kwok, V.W.Y. Chan, F.K. Mo
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
Corrigendum to “Tonelli M, Nkunu V, Varghese C, et al. Framework for establishing integrated kidney care programs in low- and middle-income countries” Kidney Int Suppl. 2020;10:e19–e23
Authors: Marcello Tonelli, Victoria Nkunu, Cherian Varghese, Ali K. Abu-Alfa, Mona N. Alrukhaimi, Bassam Bernieh, Louise Fox, John Gill, David C.H. Harris, Fan Fan Hou, Philip J. O’Connell, Harun Ur Rashid, Abdou Niang, Shahrzad Ossareh, Vladimir Tesar, Elena Zakharova, Chih-Wei Yang
Journal: Kidney International Supplements (2020)
Mitochondria‐Specific Agents for Photodynamic Cancer Therapy: A Key Determinant to Boost the Efficacy
Authors: Xipeng Li, Yu Zhao, Tao Zhang, Da Xing
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2020)

Mitochondria-targeted photodynamic therapy (Mt-PDT), which enables the photogenerated cytotoxic oxygen species with fatal oxidative damage to block mitochondrial functions, has been considered as a promising method to enhance the anticancer effectiveness. Aiming at the challenges of PDT, in the past few decades, numerous mitochondria-targeting molecular agents have been developed to boost the PDT efficacy via directly destroying the mitochondria or activating mitochondria-mediated cell death pathways. Herein, a review for recent advances of Mt-PDT is highlighted including: mitochondrial targeting design principles and strategies, therapeutic performance of mitochondria-targeted agents-mediated PDT as well as the agent-free Mt-PDT. In addition, it puts together the achievements of the combinatory mitochondria-anchoring PDT and other anticancer strategies, demonstrating the advantages provided by Mt-PDT. The existing challenges are discussed and future settlements for the development of mitochondria-specific agents are also forecasted.
Carcinogenicity of acrolein, crotonaldehyde, and arecoline
Authors: M Matilde Marques, Frederick A Beland, Dirk W Lachenmeier, David H Phillips, Fung-Lung Chung, David C Dorman, Sarah E Elmore, S Katharine Hammond, Srmena Krstev, Igor Linhart, Alexandra S Long, Daniele Mandrioli, Kumiko Ogawa, Jane J Pappas, Juan M Parra Morte, Glenn Talaska, Moon-shong Tang, Nisha Thakur, Martie van Tongeren, Paolo Vineis, Yann Grosse, Lamia Benbrahim-Tallaa, Eero Suonio, Michelle C Turner, Fatiha El Ghissassi, Daniel Middleton, Adalberto Miranda-Filho, Felicia Chung, Yaqi Liu, Samantha Vega, Heidi Mattock, Mary K Schubauer-Berigan, Kathryn Z Guyton
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2020)
NHS England’s media briefings caused rise in complaints against GPs, say doctors
Authors: Elisabeth Mahase
Journal: BMJ (2020)

GP leaders have demanded that NHS England and NHS Improvement apologise and retract any communications that may have harmed their reputation or incited complaints by implying that practices have not been fully involved in care of patients throughout the covid-19 pandemic.

A motion passed at the annual conference of England’s local medical committees on 27 November said that much of NHSE/I’s communications with GPs, the press, and the public have been “abhorrent and insulting.”

The conference called for NHSE/I to recognise general practice’s contribution to the management of the pandemic and the continuation of normal service, “particularly given the general practitioners who have died in the course …
Impact of Selective Adenosine A2AReceptor Agonists on Cardiac Imaging: Feeling the Lightning, Waiting on the Thunder**Editorials published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiologyreflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACCor the American College of Cardiology.
Authors: D. Douglas Miller
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2005)
13303 Prevalence of photodermatoses in the general dermatology clinic of four academic medical centers: A multicenter retrospective analysis of 1080 patients over a 10-year period
Authors: Tasneem Mohammad, Remi Hamel, Adam Chahine, Garrett Lane Vick, Erin Boh, Maria Beatrice T. Alora, Rachel Mistur, Elma D. Baron, Kevin Cooper, Henry W. Lim
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Overcoming leukemia heterogeneity by combining T cell engaging bispecific antibodies
Authors: Sayed Shahabuddin Hoseini, Madelyn Espinosa-Cotton, Hong-fen Guo, Nai-Kong V Cheung
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2020)

Leukemia represents about 5% of all human cancers. Despite advances in therapeutics, a substantial number of patients succumb to the disease. Several subtypes of leukemia are inherently more resistant to treatment despite intensive chemotherapy or targeted therapy.Here we describe the generation of T cell engaging (CD3) bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) built on humanized IgG frameworks using the IgG(L)-scFv format against two targets expressed on acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and on acute myeloid leukemia (AML).Each BsAb mediated potent anti-leukemia effect against ALL (CD19) and AML (CD33) in vitro and in xenograft models. Importantly, the CD19-specific BsAb (BC250) was effective against hematogenous spread preventing metastases to liver and kidney in mice bearing ALL and Burkitt's lymphoma xenografts. BC250 was more potent than the The Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved BsAb blinatumomab against ALL xenografts in vivo as measured by tumor bioluminescence and mouse survival. Furthermore, the combination of the CD19 and CD33 BsAbs in two xenograft models of mixed phenotype acute leukemia (biphenotypic and bilineal leukemia) was far superior than monotherapy with either of the BsAbs alone.Selective combinations of these leukemia-specific BsAb offer the potential to overcome tumor heterogeneity or clonal escape in the modern era of antibody-based T cell-driven immunotherapy.
Prognostic Value of Radiotracer-Based Perfusion Imaging in Critical Limb Ischemia Patients Undergoing Lower Extremity Revascularization
Authors: Ting-Heng Chou, Jessica L. Alvelo, Sarah Janse, Xenophon Papademetris, Bauer E. Sumpio, Carlos Mena-Hurtado, Albert J. Sinusas, Mitchel R. Stacy
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2020)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) imaging of angiosome foot perfusion for predicting amputation outcomes in patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) and diabetes mellitus (DM). Radiotracer imaging can assess microvascular foot perfusion and identify regional perfusion abnormalities in patients with critical limb ischemia CLI and DM, but the relationship between perfusion response to revascularization and subsequent clinical outcomes has not been evaluated. Patients with CLI, DM, and nonhealing foot ulcers (n = 25) were prospectively enrolled for SPECT/CT perfusion imaging of the feet before and after revascularization. CT images were used to segment angiosomes (i.e., 3-dimensional vascular territories) of the foot. Relative changes in radiotracer uptake after revascularization were evaluated within the ulcerated angiosome. Incidence of amputation was assessed at 3 and 12 months after revascularization. SPECT/CT detected a significantly lower microvascular perfusion response for patients who underwent amputation compared with those who remained amputation free at 3 (p = 0.01) and 12 (p = 0.01) months after revascularization. The cutoff percent change in perfusion for predicting amputation at 3 months was 7.55%, and 11.56% at 12 months. The area under the curve based on the amputation outcome was 0.799 at 3 months and 0.833 at 12 months. The probability of amputation-free survival was significantly higher at 3 (p = 0.002) and 12 months (p = 0.03) for high-perfusion responders than low-perfusion responders to revascularization. SPECT/CT imaging detects regional perfusion responses to lower extremity revascularization and provides prognostic value in patients with CLI (Radiotracer-Based Perfusion Imaging of Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease; NCT03622359)
Placebo-Controlled Trials of Covid-19 Vaccines — Why We Still Need Them
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

e2(1) R ecent announcements that some Covid-19 vaccines are estimated to have high short-term efficacy provide new hope that vaccination will soon contribute to controlling the pandemic.The initial roll-out of limited quantities of vaccines that are still investigational will provide the opportunity to ethically obtain pivotal data to improve regulatory and public health decision making, thereby increasing public and professional confidence in these and other vaccines.After relatively short follow-up in phase 3 trials, even when vaccine efficacy appears to be high, reliable information will still be needed on longer-term safety and duration of protection.Other information gaps will include more comprehensive assessments of short-term safety, knowledge of whether waning of vaccineinduced protection may lead to vaccine-enhanced disease if a vaccinee becomes infected on ex-posure to SARS-CoV-2, information on protection against clinically severe forms of Covid-19, and knowledge of any associations between the degree of protection and the recipient's age or coexisting conditions.Even after the first vaccines become available, it will still be important to evaluate additional vaccines to meet worldwide needs. 1 On November 6, 2020, we, as participants in a World Health Organization (WHO) ad hoc consultation on the next steps for Covid-19 vaccine evaluation, discussed what critical additional data should be sought to inform regulatory and policy recommendations for the first successful vaccines and subsequent optimization.Consensus emerged that Placebo-Controlled Trials of Covid-19 Vaccines -Why We Still Need Them WHO Ad Hoc Expert Group on the Next Steps for Covid-19 Vaccine Evaluation Placebo-Controlled Trials of Covid-19 Vaccines
Abstract 18735: Association Between Hospital Teaching Status and Mortality After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Andrew Czarnecki, Feng Qiu, Maria Koh, Sheldon Cheskes, Paul Dorian, Guillaume Geri, Laurie J Morrison, Dennis T Ko
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Controversy exists about how best to organize systems of care for patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Although some have advocated for these patients to be managed in m...
Surviving COVID-19 After Hospital Discharge: Symptom, Functional, and Adverse Outcomes of Home Health Recipients
Authors: Kathryn H. Bowles, Margaret McDonald, Yolanda Barrón, Erin Kennedy, Melissa O’Connor, Mark Mikkelsen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

Little is known about recovery from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) after hospital discharge.To describe the home health recovery of patients with COVID-19 and risk factors associated with rehospitalization or death.Retrospective observational cohort.New York City.1409 patients with COVID-19 admitted to home health care (HHC) between 1 April and 15 June 2020 after hospitalization.Covariates and outcomes were obtained from the mandated OASIS (Outcome and Assessment Information Set). Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of risk factors associated with rehospitalization or death.After an average of 32 days in HHC, 94% of patients were discharged and most achieved statistically significant improvements in symptoms and function. Activity-of-daily-living dependencies decreased from an average of 6 (95% CI, 5.9 to 6.1) to 1.2 (CI, 1.1 to 1.3). Risk for rehospitalization or death was higher for male patients (HR, 1.45 [CI, 1.04 to 2.03]); White patients (HR, 1.74 [CI, 1.22 to 2.47]); and patients with heart failure (HR, 2.12 [CI, 1.41 to 3.19]), diabetes with complications (HR, 1.71 [CI, 1.17 to 2.52]), 2 or more emergency department visits in the past 6 months (HR, 1.78 [CI, 1.21 to 2.62]), pain daily or all the time (HR, 1.46 [CI, 1.05 to 2.05]), cognitive impairment (HR, 1.49 [CI, 1.04 to 2.13]), or functional dependencies (HR, 1.09 [CI, 1.00 to 1.20]). Eleven patients (1%) died, 137 (10%) were rehospitalized, and 23 (2%) remain on service.Care was provided by 1 home health agency. Information on rehospitalization and death after HHC discharge is not available.Symptom burden and functional dependence were common at the time of HHC admission but improved for most patients. Comorbid conditions of heart failure and diabetes, as well as characteristics present at admission, identified patients at greatest risk for an adverse event.No direct funding.
FDA Approval of Remdesivir — A Step in the Right Direction
Authors: Daniel Rubin, Kirk Chan-Tack, John Farley, Adam Sherwat
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

secretary of health and human services declared a public health emergency in response to Covid-19.This disease, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, can have severe manifestations, including pneumonia, respiratory failure, multiorgan failure, and death.Although there is now an extensive global search for therapies, there remains an unmet need for safe and effective treatment options for patients.On May 1, 2020, on the basis of preliminary results from phase 3 trials, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) to allow the use of remdesivir for the treatment of suspected or laboratory-confirmed Covid-19 in adult and pediatric patients hospitalized with severe disease. 1 The scope of the EUA was subsequently expanded on August 28, to allow use in a broader hospitalized population.On October 22, the FDA approved remdesivir for use in adults and pediatric patients (12 years of age or older and weighing at least 40 kg) for the treatment of Covid-19 requiring hospitalization. 2 This approval was based largely on the results of three phase 3 clinical trials in hospitalized patients with disease of varying severity.These were the Adaptive
Abstract PR10: Alterations in carbon and nitrogen metabolism in lung cancer
Authors: Jiyeon Kim
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The critical barrier in lung cancer treatment is a lack of effective therapies at later stages of the disease. Lung cancer genome sequencing supports the idea that combinations of mutations act in concert to foster malignancy and disease progression. Among these, KRAS and LKB1 mutations represent “driver” changes in tumor development. Importantly, mutations in these genes also perturb signal transduction to promote a form of metabolism conducive to tumor growth. Metabolic reprogramming is considered to be fundamental to malignant transformation; thus, identifying molecular links between these mutations and metabolism, and targeting the resulting metabolic pathways, may produce better therapies. To gain broader insight into metabolic reprogramming and potential dependencies in different KRAS/LKB1 co-mutant (KL) model systems, we analyzed metabolome and gene expression profiling of tumors derived from genetically engineered mouse models of lung cancer. These two datasets independently revealed that both mouse and human KL co-mutants are associated with elevated hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) expression, a metabolic pathway that requires the interplay between nitrogen and carbon metabolism. Upregulation of the HBP in co-mutants resulted in enhanced global N-acetyl glucosamine modification (O-GlcNAcylation) and glycosylation, modification involved in important processes occurring in cancer, such as cell signaling and communication, cell-matrix interactions, immune modulation and metastasis formation. KL cells have elevated HBP metabolites and higher hexosamine biosynthesis rates. By small scale RNAi screening and chemical inhibition of the HBP, we uncovered that KL co-mutants are dependent on Glutamine-Fructose-6-Phosphate Transaminase 2 (GFPT2), a rate-limiting enzyme in the pathway. GFPT2 inhibition selectively reduced KL cell growth in culture and xenografts. Importantly, high GFPT2 expression predicts poor prognosis in human NSCLC patients, considerably more so than low LKB1 expression alone. Our study illuminates the functional significance of the interplay between carbon and nitrogen metabolism in cancer, not only for primary cancer growth but also for tumor aggressiveness and may lead to new avenues for developing novel targeted therapeutics. Citation Format: Jiyeon Kim. Alterations in carbon and nitrogen metabolism in lung cancer [abstract]. In: Abstracts: AACR Special Virtual Conference on Epigenetics and Metabolism; October 15-16, 2020; 2020 Oct 15-16. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(23 Suppl):Abstract nr PR10.
Trump gives orders aimed at lowering prescription drug prices
Authors: Joanne Silberner
Journal: BMJ (2020)

In the waning days of his tenure, US President Donald Trump has given orders aimed at lowering prescription drug prices.

The announcement came at a press conference on Friday 20 November,1 during which Trump falsely insisted he had won the presidential election.

The key element in the plan is a “Most Favoured Nation” policy. Starting 1 January 2021, the US would pay only what wealthier European nations pay for 50 drugs commonly administered at doctors’ offices and in hospitals. …
Covid -19, misinformation, and antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Mehreen Arshad, Syed Faisal Mahmood, Mishal Khan, Rumina Hasan
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Well before covid-19, the world already faced an emergent threat of antimicrobial resistance, and many have sounded the alarm over further escalation during the pandemic. 1A study from the US, for example, showed that 71% of covid-19 patients received antibiotics while only 4% had true bacterial coinfection. 2This overuse of antibiotics may have contributed to the observed 10% increase in resistance against several classes of antibiotics (compared with 2019) at the same institution.
Characterization of the dual functional effects of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in cancer hallmarks to aid development of HSP inhibitors
Authors: Zhao Zhang, Ji Jing, Youqiong Ye, Zhiao Chen, Ying Jing, Shengli Li, Wei Hong, Hang Ruan, Yaoming Liu, Qingsong Hu, Jun Wang, Wenbo Li, Chunru Lin, Lixia Diao, Yubin Zhou, Leng Han
Journal: Genome Medicine (2020)

Heat shock proteins (HSPs), a representative family of chaperone genes, play crucial roles in malignant progression and are pursued as attractive anti-cancer therapeutic targets. Despite tremendous efforts to develop anti-cancer drugs based on HSPs, no HSP inhibitors have thus far reached the milestone of FDA approval. There remains an unmet need to further understand the functional roles of HSPs in cancer.We constructed the network for HSPs across ~ 10,000 tumor samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and ~ 10,000 normal samples from Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), and compared the network disruption between tumor and normal samples. We then examined the associations between HSPs and cancer hallmarks and validated these associations from multiple independent high-throughput functional screens, including Project Achilles and DRIVE. Finally, we experimentally characterized the dual function effects of HSPs in tumor proliferation and metastasis.We comprehensively analyzed the HSP expression landscape across multiple human cancers and revealed a global disruption of the co-expression network for HSPs. Through analyzing HSP expression alteration and its association with tumor proliferation and metastasis, we revealed dual functional effects of HSPs, in that they can simultaneously influence proliferation and metastasis in opposite directions. We experimentally characterized the dual function of two genes, DNAJC9 and HSPA14, in lung cancer cells. We further demonstrated the generalization of this dual direction of associations between HSPs and cancer hallmarks, suggesting the necessity to more carefully evaluate HSPs as therapeutic targets and develop highly specific HSP inhibitors for cancer intervention.Our study furnishes a holistic view of functional associations of HSPs with cancer hallmarks to aid the development of HSP inhibitors as well as other drugs in cancer therapy.
130P Reappraisal of the role of no. 10 lymphadenectomy for proximal gastric cancer in the era of minimal invasive surgery during total gastrectomy: A pooled analysis of 4 prospective trials
Authors: Q. Zhong, G-J. Lin, F-H. Wang, Q-Y. Chen, C-H. Zheng, P. Li, J-W. Xie, J-B. Wang, J-X. Lin, J. Lu, L-L. Cao, M. Lin, R-H. Tu, Z-N. Huang, J-L. Lin, H-L. Zheng, C. Huang
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
16332 Pooled long-term safety analysis of risankizumab in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis
Authors: Kenneth B. Gordon, Hervé Bachelez, Andrew Blauvelt, Bruce Strober, Stephanie Harbers, Joaquin Valdes, Brian Waterhouse, Ranjeeta Sinvhal, Mark Lebwohl, Kristian Reich
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Is There a Sex Gap in Surviving an Acute Coronary Syndrome or Subsequent Development of Heart Failure?
Authors: Justin A. Ezekowitz, Anamaria Savu, Robert C. Welsh, Finlay A. McAlister, Shaun G. Goodman, Padma Kaul
Journal: Circulation (2020)

We hypothesized that disparities between sexes in the management of myocardial infarction (MI) may have changed over time, and thus altered the prognoses after MI, especially the risk for the development of heart failure.Using a large population-based cohort of patients with MI between April 1, 2002, and March 31, 2016, we examined the incidence, angiographic findings, treatment (including revascularization), and clinical outcomes of patients with a first-time MI. To elucidate the differences between sexes, a series of multivariable models were created to explore all MI and non-ST-segment-elevation MI (NSTEMI) versus ST-segment-elevation MI (STEMI) over time.Between 2002 and 2016, 45 064 patients (13 878 [30.8%] women) were hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of first-time MI (54.9% NSTEMI and 45.1% STEMI). Women were older (median age, 72 versus 61 years), had more comorbidities, and had lower rates of diagnostic angiography than did men (women, 74%, versus men, 87%). When angiography was performed, women had a lower proportion of left main, 2-vessel disease with proximal left anterior descending or 3-vessel disease compared with men (33.4% versus 40.9%, P<0.0001), and a higher frequency of 1-vessel disease or nonobstructive coronary artery disease (39.6% versus 29.1%, P<0.0001). Women had a higher unadjusted rate of in-hospital mortality than did men in both patients with STEMI (women, 9.4%, versus men, 4.5%) and patients with NSTEMI (women, 4.7%, versus men, 2.9%). After adjustment, this difference remained significant in STEMI (adjusted odds ratio, 1.42 [95% CI, 1.24-1.64]) but not in NSTEMI (adjusted odds ratio, 0.97 [95% CI, 0.83-1.13]). After discharge, women developed heart failure after STEMI (women, 22.5%, versus men, 14.9%) as well as after NSTEMI (women, 23.2%, versus men, 15.7%). The adjusted relative risk for women versus men of developing the outcomes of mortality and heart failure remained similar across years, although the differences were nonsignificantly attenuated over 5 years of follow-up.Although some attenuation of differences in clinical outcomes over time has occurred, women remain at higher risk than men of dying or developing heart failure in the subsequent 5 years after STEMI or NSTEMI, even after accounting for differences in angiographic findings, revascularization, and other confounders.