tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P138: Association between Cardiovascular Fitness and Accelerometer-Derived Physical Activity and Sedentary Time in the General Population
Authors: Jacquelyn Kulinski, Amit Khera, Colby Ayers, Sandeep Das, James de Lemos, Jarett Berry
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Objectives: Prior literature suggests that sedentary behavior may represent a risk factor that is independent of physical activity. The mechanism for this association remains poorly understood. We hypothesized that sedentary behavior might be inversely associated with cardiorespiratory fitness, independent of moderate and vigorous activity. Methods: We included 2,223 participants (ages 12-49 years, 47% female) without known heart disease who had both cardiovascular fitness testing and at least one valid day of accelerometer data from NHANES 2003-2004. From accelerometer data, we quantified bouts of exercise (at least 8 of 10 minutes above previously defined thresholds corresponding to moderate- or vigorous-intensity activity) as mean minutes of activity bouts per day for each participant. Sedentary time was defined as &lt;100 counts per minute of wear time in mean minutes per day. VO2 max estimates were derived from a sub-maximal exercise treadmill test using measured heart rate responses to known levels of exercise workloads. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression analyses were performed with fitness as the dependent variable. Models were stratified by gender and adjusted for age, BMI, mean wear time and included both sedentary and moderate-vigorous activity time. Results: We observed that moderate and vigorous exercises levels were positively correlated to VO2 max (R=0.237, p&lt;0.0001). Sedentary time was found to be inversely associated with VO2 max (R=-0.07, p=0.002). With each additional minute of moderate-vigorous activity, VO2 max increased by 0.05 ml/kg/min (p=0.001, men) and 0.08 ml/kg/min (p=0.004, women). For each additional minute of sedentary time, VO2 decreased by 0.01 ml/kg/min in both men (p=0.026) and women (p=0.001). Conclusions: After adjustment for moderate and vigorous activity, sedentary behavior appears to have a minor, inverse association with fitness. These findings suggest that the risk related to sedentary behavior might be mediated, in part, through lower fitness levels.
Abstract 1495: Loss of Endothelial NO Synthase Serine 1179 Phosphorylation and Function in ER Stress
Authors: Juan Chen, Honghua Qin, Pei-Yu Chiang, Deqin Lu, Yong Xia
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) function is critically modulated by protein phosphorylation. In particular, phosphorylation of serine 1179 (S1179, bovine)/1177 (S1177, human and rat) by Akt has emerged as a central mechanism of eNOS regulation under both physiological and pathological conditions. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a fundamental unfolded protein response occurred in various diseases. Whether and how ER stress affects eNOS phosphorylation is unknown. To address this issue, we induced ER stress in bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) with Brefeldin A (BFA, 5 μg/ml), a compound blocking protein transport from ER to Golgi apparatus. BFA time-dependently induced ER stress in BAECs as evidenced by the markedly increased expressions of ER chaperon Grp78. Parallel to the time course of ER stress, a progressive loss of eNOS S1179 phosphorylation was seen. ER stress-induced eNOS dephosphorylation was specific to S1179 because the phosphorylation status of eNOS T497 or S635 was unchanged. In cells exposed to BFA for 4 hr, eNOS S1179 phosphorylation was decreased more than 5 fold (17.9±0.1% of control, P &lt;0.01, n=5). As a result, eNOS activity was diminished (from 3.32±0.28 to 0.85±0.08 pmol/mg/min, P &lt;0.01, n=3). Further studies revealed that ER stress caused Akt T308 and S473 dephosphorylation leading to Akt deactivation. Besides BFA, the loss of eNOS and Akt phosphorylation was also measured in ER stress induced by depleting ER Ca 2+ content with A23187 (2 μM) or perturbing ER oxidative environment with DTT (5 mM). To determine if these findings from cell culture occur in vivo, we monitored ER stress and eNOS S1177 phosphorylation in postischemic rat hearts. Indeed, severe ER stress and corresponding loss of eNOS S1177 phosphorylation and activity were detected in the infarcted areas of hearts after 1-hr coronary artery (LAD) occlusion followed by 24-hr reperfusion. Collectively, these results demonstrate that ER stress decreases eNOS S1179 phosphorylation and function via Akt deactivation. Ischemia/reperfusion cause ER stress, which, at least in part, accounts for the loss of eNOS S1179 phosphorylation and function in hearts. Thus, reducing ER stress may be an important approach to prevent eNOS dysfunction in postischemic hearts.
Abstract 12835: Atrial Fibrillation is a Strong Predictor of Stroke in Young Taiwanese Adults
Authors: Kuan-Cheng Chang, Po-Yen Ko, Fung-Chang Sung, Yuan-Teh Lee, ChungY. Hsu
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an independent risk factor for stroke. However, little is known about the magnitude of AF-associated stroke risk across different categorical age strata comp...
Voluntary consensus care standards
Authors: B. R. Ferrell, C. Von Gunten, D. Meier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

8073 Background: The National Consensus Project for Quality Palliative Care (NCP) is a groundbreaking initiative which originated in 2001 that aims to improve the delivery of palliative care in the United States. The NCP is a response to the need for uniformly accepted definitions of the essential elements and best practices in palliative care in order to create voluntary consensus Clinical Practice Guidelines for the establishment and development of clinical palliative care programs across the United States. Methods: To remedy this situation and improve delivery of palliative care in the United States, Voluntary Consensus Standards for Palliative Care were developed by the (NCP) and were released in January 2004. The NCP is a consortium of 5 national palliative care organizations including American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine, Center to Advance Palliative Care, Hospice and Palliative Nurses Association, National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization and Partnership for Caring. A Steering Committee of 4 representatives from each of the 5 organizations worked from 2001–2003 to develop the Guidelines followed by peer review by 85 professionals who comprised the NCP Advisory Committee. The guidelines are referenced by an exhaustive review of available evidence. Results: The guiding principles of the standards are: access to care and quality improvement, relief of suffering, comprehensive assessment, patient and family centered care, comprehensive interdisciplinary holistic care, and strong communication skills. These standards describe the scope and characteristics of both specialist and primary palliative practice settings, with the goal of formal recognition, stable reimbursement structures, and accreditation initiatives by JCAHO. This poster will review the seven clinical practice guidelines and their application to oncology care. Conclusions: The guidelines serve as a key document to guide improvements in palliative care for cancer patients across settings. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 666: Inconsistent Grading of Aortic Valve Stenosis by Current Guidelines: Results of Hemodynamic Catheter Studies in Patients With Apparently Normal Left Ventricular Function
Authors: Jan Minners, Martin Allgeier, Christa Gohlke-Baerwolf, Rolf-Peter Kienzle, Franz-Josef Neumann, Nikolaus Jander
Journal: Circulation (2009)
Abstract 2555: New-onset Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation is an Early Predictive Marker of Late AF and Long-term Mortality Following Cardiac Surgery: A Comprehensive Population-based Study
Authors: Rowlens M Melduni, Rakesh M Suri, Hartzell Schaff, Zhuo Li, Naser M Ammash, James B Seward, Bernard J Gersh
Journal: Circulation (2009)
Abstract 11848: Relationships Between Coronary Microcirculation and Albuminuria Levels in Untreated Hypertensives
Authors: Dimitris Tsiachris, Costas Tsioufis, Iraklis Tatsis, Kyriakos Dimitriadis, Ioannis Bafakis, Konstantinos Kintis, Ioannis Kallikazaros, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Purpose: Coronary flow reserve (CFR) is impaired in patients with essential hypertension. Our aim was to investigate the associations between CFR and cardiac and renal damage in untreated hypertensives. Methods: For this purpose, we studied 21 hypertensive patients (aged 58.2 years, 8 males, office BP 150/95mmHg) with clinical indications of myocardial ischemia and normal coronary arteries in coronary angiography. CFR was calculated by a 0.014 in. Doppler flow wire (Flowire, Volcano) in the left anterior descending artery in response to bolus intracoronary administration of adenosine (60μ g) as the ratio of hyperemic to basal average peak velocity of the distal vessel. All the participants underwent complete echocardiographic study including left ventricular diastolic function evaluation by means of transmitral flow (E, A, E/A ratio) and tissue Doppler imaging (Em, Am) and determination of albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) on two non-consecutive morning spot urine samples Results: Based on a cut-off value...
Continuous temozolomide (TMZ) monotherapy as first-line treatment in patients with metastatic melanoma (MM).
Authors: N. del Pozo, A. Blasco, C. Camps, C. Caballero, P. Estevez Garcia, E. Jantus, S. Marin, V. Oliver, A. Berrocal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e19030 Background: TMZ is a promising treatment option in MM. Phase I-II studies of first-line TMZ monotherapy have shown median overall survival (OS) of up to 13.1 months and progression-free survival (PFS) up to 1.9 months. We present the results of first- line continuous TMZ monotherapy in patients with MM. Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients with cutaneous MM and measurable lesions treated from 2000–2009. Patients could have previously received adjuvant interferon (IFN) or surgery as primary treatment. Exclusion criteria included any previous chemotherapy and ocular melanoma. Brain metastases were allowed. TMZ was administered under compassionate use at 200 mg/m2 days 1-5 every 28 days until progression or unacceptable toxicity. Outcomes included response as primary endpoint and, OS, PFS and toxicity as secondary endpoints. Results: A total of 36 patients were included: mean age 54 years (range 24-81); 95% ECOG performance status 0- 1; 17 patients had previous adjuvant high-dose IFN therapy. Prior to TMZ therapy the median number of metastases was 2.3 (range 1-5) and 6 patients had brain metastases. The mean number of TMZ cycles administered was 8.8 (range 1-53). Efficacy was not evaluated in 2 patients due to early death. The objective response rate was 19%, the complete response rate was 8% and stable disease was achieved in an additional 17% of patients. New brain metastases were observed in only 3 patients. Mean OS was 20.2 months (range 0.8-110.8) and median OS 9.3 months (95% CI 5.1- 13.5). Median PFS was 4.6 months (20 weeks 95% CI 14.4-25.0). At time of analysis, 6 patients were alive and 3 were disease-free; of these 2 continue to receive TMZ. TMZ had an acceptable toxicity profile; the most common toxicity was hematological (17% grade 1-2 and 22% grade 3- 4). Conclusions: First-line continuous TMZ monotherapy in patients with MM resulted in a median OS consistent with previous trials and a median PFS somewhat higher than previously seen. The toxicity profile was acceptable. The low number of patients developing brain metastases reflects the protective effect of TMZ against this type of disease progression. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Maintenance immunotherapy after autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) in relapsed follicular (R-FL) and mantle cell (R-MC) lymphomas (NHL). A monoinstitutional experience
Authors: M. Rupolo, M. Michieli, R. Manuele, M. Spina, P. Bulian, M. Degan, M. Mazzucato, L. Abbruzzese, U. Tirelli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

18012 Background: Recent evidences supported the benefit of Rituxan in combination with chemotherapy in CD20+ NHL. Further maintenance therapy with Rituxan resulted in improved event free survival in R-FL and R-MC NHL. In this study we assessed the tolerability and the activity in terms of clinical and molecular remission of Rituxan after ABMT in R-FL or R-MC NHL. Methods: The pts in response after salvage treatment (R-DHAOX) underwent to high dose chemotherapy (HDC) with the scheme BEAM-R and further were treated with maintenance therapy with rituximab 375 mg/m2 i.v. day +75 from ABMT. After 3 monthly doses, pts were treated with further 5 every 4 months (for a total of 2 years). During immunotherapy intravenous immuglobulins (IVIG) were infused if the seric concentration of IgG was lower than normal value. Results: From June 2002 to January 2007, 34 pts were enrolled. 21 were male (M) and 13 female (F). Median age was 51 (30–66). 23 ( 68%) pts were R-FL G1-G2, 10 (29%) R-MC and 1 a transformed follicular (TF). The stage was III for 8 (24%) and IV for 26 (76%) pts. 24 (70%) pts were previous treated with rituxan and 32 (94%) with anthracyclines schedules. CD34+ harvest was after 4th cycle with a median collection of 5,5 ×106/Kg (2,1–20); 2 were positive for BCL-2 and 1 for BCL-1. Overall clinical response before ABMT was 91% for R-FL and 80% for R-MC. 29 pts (85%) underwent ABMT with the schedule BEAM-R. At the time of relapse 52% (12/23) of R-FL and 1 TF were BCL-2 positive while 60% (6/10) of R-MC for BCL-1. Before ABMT 5/19 pts (4 R-FL and 1 FT) were BCL-2 positive and 1/10 for BCL-1. 3 R-FL and 1 FT relapsed after ABMT: 2 with re-expression of BCL-2 and 2 without; 2 pts relapsed among R-MC, all negative for BCL-1. No pt showed severe or fatal infections during maintenance immunotherapy. After a median follow up of 32 months (mo) from salvage therapy (range 0.3–66.8 mo) 5-yrs projected PFS was 72% for R-MC and 78% for R-FL respectively and 5-yrs projected OS was 100% for R-ML an 82% for R-FL respectively. Conclusions: These data suggested that the use of rituxan in combination with HDC is an effective in vivo purging method. HDC and maintenance immunotherapy with rituxan is an approach well tolerated and highly effective for R-FL and R-MC NHL. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Ileal sodium-dependent bile acid transporter gene, dietary fat intake, and the risk of colorectal adenomas
Authors: Victoria K. Cortessis, Wei Wang, Anh Diep, Robert W. Haile
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

4599 

Epidemiological and experimental studies have suggested that bile acids, particularly secondary bile acids, may be involved in the development of colorectal cancer. The ileal sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ISBT) plays an important role in the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. Previously, we reported a possible association between two sequence variations in SLC10A2 , the gene encoding ISBT, and colorectal adenomas, particularly for the C→ T nucleotide transition in codon 169 of exon 3. These original results were based on the first phase of a case-control study of adenomas. The second and final phase of this study has been completed and we report here results from the second phase that essentially confirm our earlier report (e.g. among all subjects, the C→T transition is associated with adenomas,odds ratio (OR) = 1.62 (0.69-3.82), and among AA homozygotes for the 171S mutation, the OR for the C→T transition = 1.81 (0.73-4.48). Considering data from both phases of the study, the odds ratios for the C→T transition overall and among AA homozygotes for the 171S mutation are 1.86 (1.13-3.07) and 2.16 (1.28-3.66), respectively. Dietary fat increases biles acid levels. Combining data from both phases of the study also enabled us to explore the possibility that effects of SLC10A2 genotype are modified by intake of fat. Among subjects with a low intake of saturated fat (less than median intake), the OR for the C→T transition is 1.32 (0.66-2.64), whereas the corresponding OR among subjects with a saturated fat intake above the median was 2.60 (1.23-5.48). Confirmation of our original observation and the suggestion of a modifying effect of fat intake lend support to the validity of the association between the SLC10A2 gene and risk of adenomas and, by implication, the bile acid hypothesis.
Histological necrosis ratio (HNR) surrogacy for disease-free survival (DFS) in osteosarcoma patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Authors: J. S. Lima, L. V. Santos, S. V. Serrano, N. C. Correia, F. M. Carcano
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e20513 Background: The positive impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on disease free survival (DFS) for patients with osteosarcoma is well established. At the same time, the extend of histological tumor necrosis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a strong prognostic factor for such patients. The present work sought evaluate if histological necrosis (≥ 90% of necrotic tumor) can be used as predictor of DFS benefit. Methods: Systematic review was undertaken in MEDLINE, EMBASE and ASCO proceedings to identify randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials comparing chemotherapy regimens in neoadjuvant setting for non-metastatic osteosarcoma patients. Trials including biologic agents were excluded. The HNR was calculated for each trial dividing histological necrosis frequency in control arm by necrosis frequency in experimental arm. HNR results were plotted against PFS hazard ratios and Spearman correlation was generated. Results: Six reports of randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials were judged fair-quality and subjected to the meta-analysis. A total of 1573 patients were included. All trials used in the control arms doxorubicin while five used methotrexate-based regimens. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient between DFS and HNR was 0.88. Sensitive analysis corroborated our findings. The estimated HNR threshold for DFS benefit was 0.72. Conclusions: HNR might be an interesting tool in early accessing effects of new chemotherapy regimens against osteosarcoma, taking in account the concerns about histological necrosis evaluation and the need for threshold validation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 17879: A Decrease in Cardiac Energy Metabolism Precedes a Reduction in Mass and Function in the The Hypoxic Human Heart
Authors: Cameron J Holloway, Lowri E Cochlin, Hugh E Montgomery, Andrew W Johnson, Ion Codreanu, Edward Bloch, Damian J Tyler, Denny Z Levett, Michael P Grocott, Marzieh Fatemian, Cezary Szmigielski, Jane M Francis, Peter Robbins, Stefan Neubauer, Kieran Clarke
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Hypoxia impairs cardiac contractile function, yet the cellular mechanisms are unknown. Objective: To determine if decreased cardiac high energy phosphate metabolism underlies hypoxia-in...
X-linked genetic factors regulate hematopoietic stem-cell kinetics in females
Authors: Kaare Christensen, Marianne Kristiansen, Heidi Hagen-Larsen, Axel Skytthe, Lise Bathum, Bernard Jeune, Karen Andersen-Ranberg, James W. Vaupel, Karen Helene Ørstavik
Journal: Blood (2000)
Epidemiology of herpes simplex virus types 2 and 1 amongst men who have sex with men attending sexual health clinics in England and Wales: implications for HIV prevention and management
Authors: C Hill, E McKinney, C  M Lowndes, H Munro, G Murphy, J V Parry, O  N Gill, Collective the GUM Anon Network
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

The objective was to investigate herpes simplex virus (HSV) epidemiology amongst HIV-positive and HIV-negative men who have sex with men (MSM) in England and Wales. Unlinked anonymous sera from 3,968 MSM attending 12 sexual health clinics in 2003 were tested for HIV, HSV-2 and HSV-1 antibodies. Fifty-five percent of HIV-positive MSM were HSV-2-seropositive, compared to 17% of HIV-negative MSM (Adj RR: 2.14 [CI: 1.92-2.37]). Amongst HIV-positive individuals, there was no significant difference in HSV-2 seroprevalence by knowledge of HIV status or whether the HIV infection was recently acquired (determined through STARHS). HIV infection was also independently associated with HSV-1 serostatus (Adj RR 1.19 [CI: 1.14-1.24)]). Four of the twelve attendees who received a diagnosis of recurrent anogenital herpes at the clinic visit were HSV-1-seropositive but not HSV-2-seropositive at the time, although no cultures or PCR results were available to type the cause of the ano-genital presenting disease. It is of concern that one in two HIV-positive MSM and one in six HIV-negative MSM may be infected with HSV-2, given increasing evidence of its impact on HIV progression, onward transmission and acquisition. To date results have been disappointing from trials aimed at reducing HIV onward transmission and HIV acquisition using HSV antiviral medication. However, recent research in an African context demonstrates the efficacy of HSV antivirals in delaying HIV progression. The high prevalence of HSV-2 amongst HIV-positive MSM suggests that an increased focus on HSV control in the management of HIV amongst MSM in the United Kingdom (UK) may be warranted. Given this and existing research on the high prevalence of genitally acquired HSV-1 amongst MSM in the UK, further research is also warranted into the role of HSV-1 in the HIV epidemic in this context.
Abstract 15550: Heart Rate Corrected QT Interval is an Independent Predictor of All-Cause Mortality in a Diabetic Population - The Diabetes Heart Study
Authors: Amir Azeem, Joseph Yeboah, Elsayed Z Soliman, Amanda Cox, Alain Bertoni, David M Herrington, Donald W Bowden
Journal: Circulation (2012)

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for cardiovascular events and death. However, not all diabetics carry similar risk providing an opportunity for better risk prediction in this p...
Abstract 2860: Does the Efficacy of the Low-Molecular Weight Heparin Enoxaparin over Unfractionated Heparin Balance the Safety Profile in ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction? A Meta-Analysis of 27,000 Patients
Authors: Sabina A Murphy, C. Michael Gibson, David A Morrow, Carolyn H McCabe, Frans Van de Werf, Ian B Menown, Frank Jiang, Elliott M Antman
Journal: Circulation (2006)