tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
GP-delivered medication review of polypharmacy, deprescribing, and patient priorities in older people with multimorbidity in Irish primary care (SPPiRE Study): A cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Caroline McCarthy, Barbara Clyne, Fiona Boland, Frank Moriarty, Michelle Flood, Emma Wallace, Susan M. Smith
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2022)

There is a rising prevalence of multimorbidity, particularly in older patients, and a need for evidence-based medicines management interventions for this population. The Supporting Prescribing in Older Adults with Multimorbidity in Irish Primary Care (SPPiRE) trial aimed to investigate the effect of a general practitioner (GP)-delivered, individualised medication review in reducing polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate prescriptions (PIPs) in community-dwelling older patients with multimorbidity in primary care.
Inhibition of tissue factor induction by blockade of the nuclear factor-$kappa;B pathway in human macrophages and endothelial cells using adenoviral gene transfer: Nuclear factor-$kappa;B as a potential therapeutic target for plaque stabilization Claudia Monaco, Evangelos Andreakos, Marc Feldmann, Ewa Paleolog. Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology Division, Imperial College School of Medicine, London, United Kingdom
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Rheumatic Endocarditis
Authors: T. J. MacLagan
Journal: BMJ (1883)

was very sick in the morning, and vomited a good deal.She expected to be confined in two months.There was no pain in her eyes.Vision: right eye, 20*; left, 20*.The ophthalmoscope showed numerous exudations and h2morrhages over both retinie.There was a large quantity of albumen in the urine.I have heard since that the confinement was normal, and that her sight improved.CASE VI.-M.H., aged 43, was first seen November 25th, 1881.She had had four children, one living.Last August, she felt the usual symptoms of pregnancy, and, a short time afterwards, a dim- ness of vision.Vision: right eye, 16i ; left, 164.The ophthalmoscope showed optic neuiritis, with well-marked exudations and hzmorrhages.There was abundant albumen in the urine.The last report I heard was, that she was better.CASE vII.-E.J., aged 29, was first seen May 2nd, 1881.She had been married seven years; her first child was born six years ago, still-born; the next and only child, born two months ago, lived only two days.She had had no miscarriages.Vision failed a week be- fore confinement.When seen, it was, in the right eye, 104-6 ; in the left, 104i.No glass improved for distance.The ophthal- moscope showed numerous glistening patches and hmmorrhages around the macula in bbtb eyes.The urine was slightly albuminous, of specific gravity 1025.Lithates were abundant.The heart was normal.June 9th, 1881.Vision, with the right and left eyes, normal; the patches were less.RExARKS.-Several of these cases occurred in the practice of my colleague, Dr. Little, to whose courtesy I am indebted for permission to publish them.I have also to thank our house-surgeon, Mr.
PROGRESS IN THE STUDY OF EVOLUTION
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The digital transformation of hepatology: The patient is logged in
Authors: Tiffany Wu, Douglas A. Simonetto, John D. Halamka, Vijay H. Shah
Journal: Hepatology (2022)

The rise in innovative digital health technologies has led a paradigm shift in health care toward personalized, patient-centric medicine that is reaching beyond traditional brick-and-mortar facilities into patients' homes and everyday lives. Digital solutions can monitor and detect early changes in physiological data, predict disease progression and health-related outcomes based on individual risk factors, and manage disease intervention with a range of accessible telemedicine and mobile health options. In this review, we discuss the unique transformation underway in the care of patients with liver disease, specifically examining the digital transformation of diagnostics, prediction and clinical decision-making, and management. Additionally, we discuss the general considerations needed to confirm validity and oversight of new technologies, usability and acceptability of digital solutions, and equity and inclusivity of vulnerable populations.
Autologous omentum transposition for regeneration of a renal injury model in rats
Authors: Tayfun Bilgiç, Ümit İnce, Fehmi Narter
Journal: Military Medical Research (2022)

After renal trauma, surgical treatment is vital, but sometimes there may be loss of function due to fibrosis. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of autologous omentum flaps on injured renal tissues in a rat model.A total of 30 Wistar albino rats were included and randomly divided equally into a control group and four intervention groups. Iatrogenic renal injuries were repaired using a surgical technique (primary repair 1 group and primary repair 2 group) or transposition of the autologous omentum (omentum repair 1 group and omentum repair 2 group). Blood samples were taken preoperatively and on the 1st and 7th postoperative days in all groups and on the 18th postoperative day in the control and two intervention groups. All rats were sacrificed on the 7th or 18th day postoperatively, and their right kidneys were taken for histopathological evaluation.The mean urea level significantly decreased from day 1 to day 7 and from day 1 to day 18 in the omentum repair 2 group (P = 0.005 and P = 0.004, respectively). There were no other significant changes in urea or creatinine levels within the intervention groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant correlation between the urea and creatinine levels and the histological scores (P > 0.05). The primary repair 1 and 2 groups had significantly higher median granulation and inflammation scores in the kidney specimen than the control and omentum repair groups (P < 0.05). The omentum repair 2 group had significantly lower median granulation and inflammation scores in the surrounding tissues than the primary repair 2 group (P < 0.05). The completion score for the healing process in the kidney specimen was significantly higher in the omentum repair groups than in the primary repair groups (P < 0.05). The omentum repair 2 group had significantly lower median granulation and inflammation scores in the surrounding tissues than the primary repair 2 group (P < 0.05). Granulation degree in the kidney specimen was strongly and positively correlated with the inflammation degree (r = 0.824, P < 0.001) and foreign body reaction in the kidney specimen (r = 0.872, P < 0.001) and a strong and negative correlation with the healing process completion score in the kidney (r = - 0.627, P = 0.001). Inflammation degree in the kidney specimen was strongly and positively correlated with the foreign body reaction in the kidney specimen (r = 0.731, P = 0.001) and strongly and negatively correlated with the healing process completion score in the kidney specimen (r = - 0.608, P = 0.002).Autologous omentum tissue for kidney injury repair attenuated inflammation and granulation. Additionally, the use of omental tissue to facilitate healing of kidney injury may theoretically lead to a more effective healing process and reduced fibrosis and tissue and function loss.
High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) to predict 6 month mortality and relative benefit of invasive vs. conservative strategy in patients with unstable angina: Primary results of the TACTICS-TIMI 18 C-reactive protein substudy Christopher P. Cannon, William S. Weintraub Laure Demopoulos, Ralph Vicari, Oscar Bazzino, Nadir Ali, Debbie Robertson, Paul DeLucca, Peter DiBattiste, Nader Rifai, Eugene Braunwald, for the TACTICS-TIMI 18 investigators. Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
The efficacy of psychotherapies and pharmacotherapies for mental disorders in adults: an umbrella review and meta‐analytic evaluation of recent meta‐analyses
Authors: Falk Leichsenring, Christiane Steinert, Sven Rabung, John P.A. Ioannidis
Journal: World Psychiatry (2022)

Mental disorders represent a worldwide public health concern. Psychotherapies and pharmacotherapies are recommended as first line treatments. However, evidence has emerged that their efficacy may be overestimated, due to a variety of shortcomings in clinical trials (e.g., publication bias, weak control conditions such as waiting list). We performed an umbrella review of recent meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of psychotherapies and pharmacotherapies for the main mental disorders in adults. We selected meta-analyses that formally assessed risk of bias or quality of studies, excluded weak comparators, and used effect sizes for target symptoms as primary outcome. We searched PubMed and PsycINFO and individual records of the Cochrane Library for meta-analyses published between January 2014 and March 2021 comparing psychotherapies or pharmacotherapies with placebo or treatment-as-usual (TAU), or psychotherapies vs. pharmacotherapies head-to-head, or the combination of psychotherapy with pharmacotherapy to either monotherapy. One hundred and two meta-analyses, encompassing 3,782 RCTs and 650,514 patients, were included, covering depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, somatoform disorders, eating disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, substance use disorders, insomnia, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, and bipolar disorder. Across disorders and treatments, the majority of effect sizes for target symptoms were small. A random effect meta-analytic evaluation of the effect sizes reported by the largest meta-analyses per disorder yielded a standardized mean difference (SMD) of 0.34 (95% CI: 0.26-0.42) for psychotherapies and 0.36 (95% CI: 0.32-0.41) for pharmacotherapies compared with placebo or TAU. The SMD for head-to-head comparisons of psychotherapies vs. pharmacotherapies was 0.11 (95% CI: -0.05 to 0.26). The SMD for the combined treatment compared with either monotherapy was 0.31 (95% CI: 0.19-0.44). Risk of bias was often high. After more than half a century of research, thousands of RCTs and millions of invested funds, the effect sizes of psychotherapies and pharmacotherapies for mental disorders are limited, suggesting a ceiling effect for treatment research as presently conducted. A paradigm shift in research seems to be required to achieve further progress.
Abciximab decreases cytokine production by circulating monocytes in patients with unstable angina and elevated inflammatory markers Antonino Buffon, Giovanna Liuzzo, Dominick J. Angiolillo, Matteo Santamaria, Simona Pelliccioni, Francesca Ginnetti, Antonio G. Rebuzzi, Filippo Crea, Luigi M. Biasucci, Attilio Maseri. Catholic University, Rome, Italy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Engineered clustered myoblast cell injection augments angiogenesis and muscle regeneration in peripheral artery disease
Authors: Keisuke Miyake, Shigeru Miyagawa, Akima Harada, Yoshiki Sawa
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2022)

The low survival rate of administered cells due to ischemic and inflammatory environments limits the efficacy of the current regenerative cell therapy in peripheral artery disease (PAD). This study aimed to develop a new method to enhance the efficacy of cell therapy in PAD using cell sheet technology. Clustered cells (CCs) from myoblast cell sheets obtained from C57/BL6 mice were administered into ischemic mouse muscles 7 days after induction of ischemia (defined as day 0). Control groups were administered with single myoblast cells (SCs) or saline. Cell survival, blood perfusion of the limb, angiogenesis, muscle regeneration, and inflammation status were evaluated. The survival of administered cells was markedly improved in CCs compared with SCs at days 7 and 28. CCs showed significantly improved blood perfusion, augmented angiogenesis with increased density of CD31+/α-smooth muscle actin+ arterioles, and accelerated muscle regeneration, along with the upregulation of associated genes. Additionally, inflammation status was well regulated by CCs administration. CCs administration increased the number of macrophages and then induced polarization into an anti-inflammatory phenotype (CD11c-/CD206+), along with the increased expression of genes associated with anti-inflammatory cytokines. Our findings suggest clinical potential of rescuing severely damaged limbs in PAD using CCs.
Curative treatment of chronic atrial fibrillation in patients with simultaneous cardiosurgical disease with intraoperative microwave ablation Michael Knaut, Sems Malte Tugtekin, Stefan G. Spitzer, Laszlo Karolyi, Holger Boehme, Stephan Schueler. Cardiovascular Institute, University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Dresden, Germany
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Can Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Keep JC Virus in Check?
Authors: Igor J. Koralnik
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2019)

Three groups are now reporting in the Journal descriptions of the clinical course of 10 patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) who were treated with the immune checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab or nivolumab,1-3 both of which are monoclonal antibodies that target programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). This protein is an inhibitory T-cell surface receptor that keeps the immune system from attacking the body's own tissues and organs (often called self-tolerance) and is a marker of T-cell exhaustion. When PD-1 binds with its ligand, it inhibits T-cell proliferation and cytokine production. Pembrolizumab and nivolumab block this inhibitory reaction and have been . . .
The Public Service.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Racial disparities in colon cancer management in the National Cancer Database.
Authors: Anya Greenberg, Nathan R Brand, Sy Han Chiou, Kim Rhoads, Mohamed Adam, Ankit Sarin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

18 Background: Racial and ethnic minorities in the US are at increased risk of developing and dying from colorectal cancer. Reasons for these disparities are multifactorial, among which are delayed presentation and initial disease management. We aimed to identify groups at highest risk to help address these disparities. Methods: Using the 2010-2017 National Cancer Database (NCDB), we analyzed clinical tumor stage at presentation and pathologic stage for adult patients (age≥18) diagnosed with primary colon cancer. We also examined trends in upstaging, downstaging, and delays &gt;42 days between presentation and surgical intervention. We compared these outcomes by race/ethnicity using multivariable logistic or median regression, with select demographics, facility factors, and treatment details as covariates. Results: Fifty-one percent of patients with known clinical tumor stage (122,452/239,939) were diagnosed with stage III/IV at presentation, and 41% of those with known pathologic stage (123,009/298,716) had stage III/IV disease. In multivariable analysis, Black (OR 1.18, p&lt;0.01) and Southeast Asian (OR 1.12, p=0.02) patients were significantly more likely than White patients to present with clinical stage III/IV. Black (OR 1.08, p&lt;0.01), Hispanic (OR 1.07, p&lt;0.01), East Asian (OR 1.28, p&lt;0.01), and Southeast Asian (OR 1.40, p&lt;0.01) patients were significantly more likely than White patients to have pathologic stage III/IV. Both clinical and pathological stage were available for 96,959 patients. Among those with clinical stage 0/I/II, Hispanic (OR 1.08, p=0.04), East Asian (OR 1.38, p&lt;0.01) and Southeast Asian (OR 1.27, p=0.01) patients had significantly higher odds than White patients of being upstaged to pathologic stage III/IV. Among those with clinical stage III/IV, Black patients (OR 0.85, p=0.02) had significantly lower odds than White patients of being downstaged to pathologic stage 0/I/II. Black (OR 1.42, p&lt;0.01), Hispanic (OR 1.33, p&lt;0.01) and Southeast Asian (OR 1.23, p=0.05) patients had higher odds than White patients of waiting &gt;42 days between presentation and surgery. Conclusions: Upstaging of colon cancer between diagnosis and surgery is disproportionately experienced by non-white patients. Surgical delays may partly explain this finding. Targeted interventions to avoid surgical delays as well as further research on the reasons (e.g., differences in tumor characteristics) for upstaging are needed to address this disparity.[Table: see text]
Potential of dobutamine echocardiography and different myocardial contrast echocardiography perfusion patterns in identifying dysfunctioning viable myocardial segments after acute myocardial infarction Paolo Colonna, Christian Cadeddu, Roberta Montisci, Lijun Chen, Massimo Ruscazio, Luigi Meloni, Sabino Iliceto. Department of Cardiovascular and Neurological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Trends in Tuberculosis—United States, 1998-2003
Journal: JAMA (2004)

During 2003, a total of 14,871 tuberculosis (TB) cases (5.1 cases per 100,000 population) were reported in the United States, representing a 1.4% decrease in cases and a 1.9% decline in the rate from 2002. This decline is the smallest since 1992, when TB incidence peaked after a 7-year resurgence. In addition, the rate remains higher than the national interim goal of 3.5 cases per 100,000 population that was set for 2000. This report summarizes data from the national TB surveillance system for 2003 and describes trends during a 5-year period, with comparison to 1998 and 2002. Despite a decline in TB nationwide, rates have increased in certain states, and elevated TB rates continue to be reported in certain populations (e.g., foreign-born persons and racial/ethnic minorities). Targeted interventions for these at-risk populations, continued collaborative efforts toward the global fight against TB, and adequate local resources are essential to eliminating TB in the United States.
Next generation sequencing (NGS) to identify relapsed gastrointestinal (GI) solid tumor patients with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loss of heterozygosity (LOH) for future logic-gated CAR T therapy to reduce on target off tumor toxicity.
Authors: J. Randolph Randolph Hecht, Scott Kopetz, Sandip Pravin Patel, Theodore Welling, Maria Pia Morelli, Mitesh J. Borad, Julian R. Molina, Kedar Kirtane, Yi Lin, Michelle Fan-Port, Armen Mardiros, Karl Beutner, Ariane Lozac'hmeur, Denise Lau, Kirstin B. Liechty, Judy Vong, Eric Ng, David G. Maloney, William Y. Go, Diane M. Simeone
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

190 Background: Metastatic colorectal (CRC), pancreatic (PANC), and gastroesophageal (GE) cancers are the leading causes of GI cancer–related mortality (5-yr survival rate, 14%, 3% and ̃5-6%, respectively). T-cell immunotherapy targeting GI-associated tumor antigens has been attempted, but efficacy has been constrained by on-target off-tumor toxicity, limiting the therapeutic window. The Tmod (TM) platform is an AND-NOT logic-gated CAR T modular system, versions of which have a CEA- or MSLN-targeting CAR activator and a separate HLA-A*02-targeting blocker receptor to protect normal cells. Tmod CAR T exploits HLA LOH, common in GI malignancies (10-33% in primary solid tumors [TCGA]) and can kill tumor cells without harming healthy cells in vitro and in vivo. However, the prevalence of HLA LOH across GI tumors is unknown in the real-world setting. We utilized the Tempus xT oncology NGS database of patients with multiple GI tumors. From a standard-of-care NGS assay, GI cancer patients can be readily identified for HLA LOH and future treatment with Tmod CAR T therapy. Methods: The occurrence of HLA LOH in GI tumors of 1439 patients was assessed using paired germline and somatic DNA sequencing using a research assay [6]. CRC, PANC and GE patients with ≥ stage 3 were then extracted, and rates of HLA LOH were identified (ie, whether loss occurred across high-frequency HLA-A alleles). In addition, mutations in KRAS and BRAF, as well as MSI status were stratified to determine any association with HLA-A LOH. Results: HLA-A LOH was detected in 830 (17.3%) of all solid tumor records, and a similar proportion when all GI cancer records were analyzed (17.0%). For GI subtypes, these values ranged from 13.5% to 23.1% (Table). No high-frequency HLA-A allele (A*01, A*02, A*03, A*11) was more likely to be lost. Clinical biomarkers ( KRAS, BRAF and MSI status) were not associated with HLA-LOH. Conclusions: The frequency of HLA LOH among advanced solid tumor cancers in this dataset is 17.3%, with a range of 13.5-23% between CRC, PANC and GE. The HLA LOH frequency observed in these GI tumors is consistent with that in primary tumors from TCGA, which also used germline-matched and tumor samples. Clinical biomarkers were not associated with HLA LOH. Tempus NGS was able to identify HLA LOH, which can be used for Tmod CAR T therapy to an enhanced therapeutic window. Identification of these patients in BASECAMP-1 (NCT04981119) will enable novel Tmod CAR T therapy. [Table: see text]
IMPACT OF SIMVASTATIN ON DEVELOPMENT OF NEW-ONSET DIABETES MELLITUS IN ASIAN POPULATION: THREE-YEAR CLINICAL FOLLOW UP RESULTS
Authors: Yoonjee Park, Seung-Woon Rha, Byoung Geol Choi, Se Yeon Choi, akkala goud, Sunki Lee, Ji Bak Kim, Sung Il Im, Jin Oh Na, Cheol Ung Choi, Hong Euy Lim, Jin Won Kim, Eung Ju Kim, Chang Gyu Park, Hong-Seog Seo, Dong Joo Oh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)