tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Albumin. 1. Background and use
Authors: J. L. Tullis
Journal: JAMA (1977)

THE INCREASING use of human serum albumin, which recently has threatened to stress the usual annual supply and to add considerably to health care costs, prompted a cooperative study in early 1975 between the federal government and the private sector. This led to the development of three projects: (1) A workshop was convened in Bethesda, Md, under joint sponsorship of the Division of Blood Diseases and Resources, National Heart and Lung Institute, and the Division of Blood and Blood Products, Bureau of Biologics. This meeting in February 1975 defined the present state of knowledge of the structure, synthesis, and function of albumin and reviewed in depth its current clinical use. The proceedings were subsequently published.<sup>1</sup>(2) Recommendations were formulated on areas needing further basic or applied research. (3) Guidelines for the appropriate clinical use of albumin were proposed and are currently being circularized to concerned persons for comment. Although
Association News
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
BREAKWATER safety lead-in (SLI): Encorafenib + cetuximab (EC) ± chemotherapy for first-line (1L) treatment (tx) of <i>BRAF</i> V600E-mutant (<i>BRAF</i><sup>V600E</sup>) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).
Authors: Scott Kopetz, Takayuki Yoshino, Tae Won Kim, Jayesh Desai, Rona Yaeger, Eric Van Cutsem, Fortunato Ciardiello, Harpreet Singh Wasan, Tim Maughan, Yuanyuan Zhang, Tiziana Usari, Chin-Hee Chung, Xiaosong Zhang, Josep Tabernero
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

134 Background: Currently, there are no 1L tx options indicated specifically for patients (pts) with BRAF V600E mCRC. Based on results of BEACON CRC (NCT02928224), BRAF inhibitor encorafenib + EGFR inhibitor cetuximab was approved for tx of previously treated pts with BRAF V600E mCRC. BREAKWATER (NCT04607421), an ongoing, open-label, global, multicenter, randomized phase 3 study, evaluates 1L EC ± chemotherapy for tx of pts with BRAF V600E mCRC. Here we present preliminary data on safety and pharmacokinetics (PK) from the BREAKWATER SLI, which aimed to identify the chemotherapy backbone for EC for the phase 3 portion of BREAKWATER. Methods: SLI inclusion criteria were BRAF V600E mCRC (determined using tumor tissue or blood); evaluable disease (RECIST v1.1); ≤1 prior systemic tx for mCRC; European Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) 0/1; and adequate bone marrow, hepatic, and renal function. Pts previously treated with BRAF/EGFR inhibitors or both oxaliplatin and irinotecan were excluded. Pts received encorafenib 300 mg daily + cetuximab 500 mg/m 2 every 2 weeks (Q2W) + either FOLFIRI Q2W or mFOLFOX6 Q2W in 28-day cycles. The primary endpoint was frequency of dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs). PK were a secondary endpoint. Data cutoff date: Sep 13, 2021. Results: 57 pts were enrolled (EC + FOLFIRI, n = 30; EC + mFOLFOX6, n = 27). Median (range) age was 57 (28–78) years; 25% were Asian; 65% had ECOG PS 0; 37% had ≥3 organs involved; 58% were treatment naive. At cutoff date, tx was ongoing in 45 (79%) pts. Median (range) duration of tx for encorafenib in EC + FOLFIRI and EC + mFOLFOX6 was 15 (0–31) and 14 (0–27) weeks, respectively. One DLT was observed: grade 4 neutropenia in 1 pt in EC + FOLFIRI. Tx-emergent all-cause serious adverse events (AEs) occurred in 20% and 19% and grade ≥3 AEs in 33% and 56% of pts in EC + FOLFIRI and EC + mFOLFOX6, respectively. The table shows frequent (all grade in ≥30% pts or grade ≥3 in ≥10% with either tx) tx-emergent all-cause AEs. One pt died due to disease progression. In EC + FOLFIRI, in the presence of steady-state encorafenib, AUC inf of irinotecan and its active metabolite, SN-38, significantly decreased ̃25% and ̃40%, respectively, compared with values in the absence of encorafenib. In EC + mFOLFOX6, oxaliplatin PK was not significantly altered by steady-state encorafenib. Conclusions: Based on these data, BREAKWATER phase 3 will compare EC ± mFOLFOX6 with mFOLFOX6/FOLFOXIRI/CAPOX ± bevacizumab. Clinical trial information: NCT04607421. [Table: see text]
The Osler Library. McGill University
Authors: C. G. Roland
Journal: JAMA (1967)

On Wednesday, May 29, 1929, at ceremonies held in Montreal, an outstanding private library officially became the Osler Library of McGill University. In this way, Sir William Osler's promise and plan of many years was fulfilled. The Osler Library (Fig 1) is many things. First, it represents the lifelong avocation of a remarkable man. It serves also as a shrine for the large number of physicians and laymen who continue to respect Osler's memory. Then again, the library represents in turn a book (the<i>Bibliotheca Osleriana</i>), a library per se, and also a laboratory. <h3>Osler's Hobby</h3> Speaking about hobbies, Osler once said, "No man is really happy or safe without one." His hobby, one which he pursued throughout adult life, was books. When he was about 18, attending school in Toronto, Osler bought his first book and, unknowing, began his hobby. A year or two later, while living in the
Fetal Homeostasis
Authors: Robert H. Davis
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Dr. Wynn gives us a well-edited transcript of the Fourth Conference on Fetal Homeostasis. Experts in biology and medicine debated trying problems whose solutions require a multidisciplinary approach and we receive a synergy of information on how the fetus maintains normal biologic development. Informal give-and-take discussions, sprinkled with humor, make lasting friends and create a cooperative spirit for future collaboration. Topics range from basic biochemistry to obstetrics and neonatal pediatrics. An adequate up-to-date bibliography, high-quality illustrations and a fine summary make for a worthwhile contribution. The book's jacket, showing the armadillo's identical quadruplets moving in four different directions, mirrors today's evidence about the fetus and reminds us of an unfinished painting in reproductive biology drawn from many species. Development of fetal biochemistry in harmony with homeostasis raises tough questions with no answers. For example, what factors cause intrauterine growth retardation and possibly mental retardation? Insulin as a growth factor captures
The Cover
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
From the Food and Drug Administration
Authors: S. L. Nightingale
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser vs Sham Treatment on Vaginal Symptom Severity in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Rong Chen, Jing Yan Wang, Kaiyang Lv
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Authors’ Reply
Authors: Jordan L. Rosenstock, Vanesa Bijol
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2020)

Zijlstra et al.1 question whether delay to postmortem biopsy and ensuing tissue autolysis could have interfered with our molecular diagnostics. They ask how long after death were biopsies done in our study, and suggest that studies using more rapid postmortem biopsy might be more productive. Supplemental Table 1, included in our paper,2 provided the times between death and biopsy. Out of 12 cases, 11 were biopsied within 24 hours postmortem; three were performed within 2.5 hours. The fastest time to biopsy was 1.5 hours. A number of the cases had mild or no autolysis, as seen in Table 1. Similarly, Santoriello et al.3 did not find any clear evidence of viral infection of kidney in a postmortem series of 42 patients, many of whom had mild or absent autolysis. We acknowledge there remains the possibility that postmortem autolysis could interfere with the detection of the virus, although it must be emphasized that, in both of these aforementioned studies, lung specimens from autopsies used as controls were clearly positive for the virus. Corroborating our findings are two series of renal biopsy specimens in living patients with coronavirus disease 2019 included in the same issue of JASN.4,5 In these series (the majority in patients who had severe AKI), they also found no clear evidence of viral infection of the kidney, by ultrastructural examination in addition to immunohistochemical staining for viral spike and nucleocapsid proteins, and in situ hybridization for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 viral RNA. The conclusions of these four reports, two in living and two in postmortem kidneys, are consistent: it does not appear likely that direct viral infection is a primary contributor to renal dysfunction in patients with coronavirus disease 2019. Disclosures J. Rosenstock is an editorial board member of International Urology and Nephrology. V. Bijol reports honoraria from International Society of Nephrology. Funding None.
Determining the minimal important differences in the RQLQ score with grass and tree allergy immunotherapy versus placebo in adults with moderate‐to‐severe allergy
Authors: Michael S. Blaiss, Ruta Gronskyte Juhl, Leonard Q.C. Siew, Eva Hammerby, Philippe Devillier
Journal: Allergy (2022)

Pollen from grasses and trees can trigger allergic rhinitis (AR), where the symptoms and associated consequences can negatively affect quality of life (QoL). The Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) is frequently used in clinical trials of AR to assess QoL. To help interpret RQLQ data, the minimal important difference (MID) can be used to assess whether a mean difference in QoL between treatment groups is clinically meaningful. In seasonal allergy, an MID differs according to the allergen, pollen exposure, symptom severity, patient age and treatment; the same MID cannot be applied to all scenarios.
Effect of intensive blood pressure treatment on endothelial damage and vascular endothelial growth factor, an index of angiogenesis in hypertension Dirk Felmeden, Charles G. C. Spencer, Funmi Belgore, Andrew Blann, Gareth Beevers, Gregory Y. H. Lip. University Department of Medicine, City Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Comparison of serial IVUS findings of DCA prior to stenting with stent implantation alone Akio Kawamura, Yasushi Asakura, Shiro Ishikawa, Keiko Asakura, Teruo Okabe, Akiko Yamane, Yuichirou Maekawa, Satoshi Ogawa. Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Public Health Roles in Addressing Commercial Determinants of Health
Authors: Kelley Lee, Nicholas Freudenberg
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (2022)

The shared challenges posed by the production and distribution of health-harming products have led to growing recognition of the need for policy learning and transfer across problems, populations, and social contexts. The commercial determinants of health (CDoH) can serve as a unifying concept to describe the population health consequences arising from for-profit actors and activities, along with the social structures that sustain them. Strategies to mitigate harms from CDoH have focused on behavioral change, regulation, fiscal policies, consumer and citizen activism, and litigation. While there is evidence of effective measures for each strategy, approaches that combine strategies are generally more impactful. Filling gaps in evidence can inform ways of adapting these strategies to specific populations and social contexts. Overall, CDoH are addressed most effectively not through siloed efforts to reduce consumption of health-harming products, but instead as a set of integrated strategies to reduce exposures to health-harming commercial actors and activities.
Hormonal Receptors in Digestive Tract Physiology
Journal: Gut (1977)

This book reports on the papers and discussion at a symposium of which the date and site are unfortunately not men- tioned in the book. (On inquiry, the pub- lishers tell us that it was held at the Welsh National School of Medicine on 7, 8, and 9 July 1975 and that it was a Postgraduate Course in paediatric gastro- enterology organised by J. A. Dodge).It covers development of the gut in the fetus and young children; infancy and its problems; diarrhoea; abdominal pain, and constipation.It conveniently brings together much valuable scattered infor- mation, but the price seems high for a paperback.
Modulation of designer biomimetic matrices for optimized differentiated intestinal epithelial cultures
Authors: Wang Xi, Jad Saleh, Ayako Yamada, Caterina Tomba, Barbara Mercier, Sébastien Janel, Tien Dang, Matis Soleilhac, Aurélie Djemat, Huiqiong Wu, Béatrice Romagnolo, Frank Lafont, René-Marc Mège, Yong Chen, Delphine Delacour
Journal: Biomaterials (2022)

The field of intestinal biology is thirstily searching for different culture methods that complement the limitations of organoids, particularly the lack of a differentiated intestinal compartment. While being recognized as an important milestone for basic and translational biological studies, many primary cultures of intestinal epithelium (IE) rely on empirical trials using hydrogels of various stiffness, whose mechanical impact on epithelial organization remains vague until now. Here, we report the development of hydrogel scaffolds with a range of elasticities and their influence on IE expansion, organization, and differentiation. On stiff substrates (>5 kPa), mouse IE cells adopt a flat cell shape and detach in the short-term. In contrast, on soft substrates (80-500 Pa), they sustain for a long-term, pack into high density, develop columnar shape with improved apical-basal polarity and differentiation marker expression, a phenotype reminiscent of features in vivo mouse IE. We then developed a soft gel molding process to produce 3D Matrigel scaffolds of close-to-nature stiffness, which support and maintain a culture of mouse IE into crypt-villus architecture. Thus, the present work is up-to-date informative for the design of biomaterials for ex vivo intestinal models, offering self-renewal in vitro culture that emulates the mouse IE.
Highlights from Recent Cancer Literature
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

Predicting Response to ImmunotherapyClear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is unique from many other tumor types, as biomarkers of response to immunotherapy, such as tumor mutational burden, do not have predictive value for this disease.Au and colleagues postulated that the failure to identify biomarkers of response to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy was due to high levels of intratumoral heterogeneity found in ccRCC.Thus, they established a phase 2 clinical trial of treatment-na€ ve metastatic ccRCC patients in which the multiple intratumoral biopsies were sampled at various time periods in order to track disease progression.Patients were divided into two groups, responders and nonresponders, and samples from both were subjected to multiomic and immune microenvironment analyses.Consistent with previous analysis, no correlation was found between various genomic signatures and response to nivolumab (anti-PD1).Importantly, responders exhibited a higher number of expanded T-cell receptor (TCR) clones pretreatment than nonresponders, consistent with some pre-existing immunity.Maintenance of similar TCR clusters during treatment was predictive of outcome.Expert Commentary: Anti-PD1 agents function by increasing and maintaining clusters of CD8 þ T cells that exist prior to treatment.
1C: Non-gastric diseases related to H. pylori infections
Authors: R Loffeld, B Werdmuller, H Kordecki, M Kurowski, D Pilecka, R Kosik, C Martin De Argila, D Boixeda, A Fuertes, R Cant6n, M Barba, C Arocena, J Gisbert, Garcia Plaza
Journal: Gut (1996)

The main pathogenetic factor in reflux oesophagitis apparently is the reflux of acidic stomach contents.From a theoretical point of view it could be postulated that HP indirectly has an effect on reflux oesophagitis by making the refluxate more aggressive.A prospective study was done in consecutive patients presenting with reflux disease.During one year all consecutive patients undergoing upper GI endoscopy were studied for the presence of HP.Inclusion criterion was the presence of hiatal hernia andlor reflux oesophagitis, and Barrett's oesophagus.Ex- clusion criterion was the presence of oesophageal or gastric cancer and the presence of concomitant peptic ulcer disease or macroscopic gastritis.Biopsy specimens were taken for HE stain, urease test and culture.A serum sample was taken for determination of IgG antibodies against HP using a home-made ELISA.As a reference group patients in whom endoscopy did not show abnormalities were included.Reflux oesophagitis was present in 118 patients (68 a, 50 9, mean age 55.3 years).Hiatal hernia without oesophageal inflammation was seen in 109 patients (43 a", 66 9, mean age 57.3 years), and Barrett's oesophagus in 13 patients (8 0", 5 9, mean age 61.8 years).The reference group consisted of 399 patients (166 0", 233 9, mean age 48.4 years).HP was present in 27% of oesophagitis patients, in 23% of Barrett's oesophagus, in 32% of hiatal hernia, in 28% of oesophagitis with hiatal hernia and 25% of oesophagitis without hiatal hernia, and in 51% of controls.Prevalence of HP was significantly lower in all groups compared if with the reference group (p < 0.001).There was no difference between the different groups.Patients with oesophagitis and HP were significantly older than oesophagitis patients without HP, 61.5 years (SD 17) versus 53 years (SD 17) (p < 0.001).The same was true if helicobacter positive and negative references were compared, 52 years (SD 17) versus 44.8 years (SD 17.6) (p < 0.0001).There was no difference in age between the different grades of oesophagitis.It is concluded that the prevalence of HP in patients with reflux disease is significantly lower than in a reference group with normal oesophagus.The patients with reflux oesophagitis and HP are older than those without the infection indicating that the age cohort effect is present.In case of reflux oesophagitis it is essential to know whether the patients is helicobacter positive, because long-term acid suppressive therapy will lead to atrophic gastritis.HP has no direct or indirect role in the pathogenesis of reflux oesophagitis.
Conspiracy mentality and political orientation across 26 countries
Authors: Roland Imhoff, Felix Zimmer, Olivier Klein, João H. C. António, Maria Babinska, Adrian Bangerter, Michal Bilewicz, Nebojša Blanuša, Kosta Bovan, Rumena Bužarovska, Aleksandra Cichocka, Sylvain Delouvée, Karen M. Douglas, Asbjørn Dyrendal, Tom Etienne, Biljana Gjoneska, Sylvie Graf, Estrella Gualda, Gilad Hirschberger, Anna Kende, Yordan Kutiyski, Peter Krekó, Andre Krouwel, Silvia Mari, Jasna Milošević Đorđević, Maria Serena Panasiti, Myrto Pantazi, Ljupcho Petkovski, Giuseppina Porciello, André Rabelo, Raluca Nicoleta Radu, Florin A. Sava, Michael Schepisi, Robbie M. Sutton, Viren Swami, Hulda Thórisdóttir, Vladimir Turjačanin, Pascal Wagner-Egger, Iris Žeželj, Jan-Willem van Prooijen
Journal: Nature Human Behaviour (2022)