tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reactogenicity, safety, and immunogenicity of chimeric haemagglutinin influenza split-virion vaccines, adjuvanted with AS01 or AS03 or non-adjuvanted: a phase 1–2 randomised controlled trial
Authors: Nicolas Folschweiller, Carline Vanden Abeele, Laurence Chu, Pierre Van Damme, Adolfo García-Sastre, Florian Krammer, Raffael Nachbagauer, Peter Palese, Alicia Solórzano, Dan Bi, Marie-Pierre David, Damien Friel, Bruce L Innis, Juliane Koch, Corey P Mallett, Ronan Nicolas Rouxel, Bruno Salaun, Valerie Vantomme, Céline Verheust, Frank Struyf
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2022)
Endoscopic treatment selection for superficial duodenal tumors: pay attention to small lesions
Authors: Xiu-He Lv, Jin-Lin Yang
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

See also: Outcomes of endoscopic resection for superficial duodenal tumors: 10 years’ experience in 18 Japanese high volume centersEndoscopy 2022; 54(07): 663-670DOI: 10.1055/a-1640-3236
The role of patient-reported outcome measures in the continuum of cancer clinical care: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline
Authors: M. Di Maio, E. Basch, F. Denis, L.J. Fallowfield, P.A. Ganz, D. Howell, C. Kowalski, F. Perrone, A.M. Stover, P. Sundaresan, L. Warrington, L. Zhang, K. Apostolidis, J. Freeman-Daily, C.I. Ripamonti, D. Santini
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2022)
Safety of liver biopsy in patients with sickle cell related liver disease: A single‐center experience
Authors: Anusha Vittal, Hawwa Alao, Julian Hercun, Bashar Sharma, Arsalan Khan, Disha Sharma, Wilson Lee, Devika Kapuria, Matthew Hsieh, John Tisdale, Courtney Fitzhugh, David Kleiner, Elliot Levy, Richard Chang, Anna Conrey, Elenita Rivera, Amy Huang, Gil Ben Yakov, Gregory J. Kato, Mark T. Gladwin, Swee Lay Thein, Christopher Koh, Theo Heller
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2022)

Supplementary Table 1: Definition of Complications Supplemental Table 2: Baseline characteristics of the study cohort Supplementary Table 3: Comparison of baseline characteristics in patients with and without liver biopsy complications Supplemental Table 4: Comparison of clinical characteristics in patients with and without liver biopsy complications Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
In severe COVID-19, high-flow vs. conventional oxygen therapy reduced intubation and time to clinical recovery at 28 d
Authors: Christopher R. Carpenter, Peter A.D. Steel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Source Citation Ospina-Tascón GA, Calderón-Tapia LE, García AF, et al. Effect of high-flow oxygen therapy vs conventional oxygen therapy on invasive mechanical ventilation and clinical recovery in patients with severe COVID-19: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2021;326:2161-71. 34874419
Athletic Osteitis Pubis Detected on 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Wouter A. M. Broos, Friso M. van der Zant, Remco J. J. Knol
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2022)

Abstract A 37-year-old male personal trainer presented with debilitating groin pains, fever, and night sweats. Enlarged inguinal lymph nodes were noticed during physical examination, and blood tests showed elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein. 18 F-FDG PET/CT excluded lymphoma and other malignancy but showed intense FDG uptake at the pubic symphysis and cortical erosions of the pubic bones on CT. The patient was diagnosed with osteitis pubis, an inflammatory condition of the pubic symphysis commonly seen in athletes. Treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs was initiated. Within several weeks, pain decreased, and inflammatory markers normalized.
Delivering precision oncology to patients with cancer
Authors: Joaquin Mateo, Lotte Steuten, Philippe Aftimos, Fabrice André, Mark Davies, Elena Garralda, Jan Geissler, Don Husereau, Iciar Martinez-Lopez, Nicola Normanno, Jorge S. Reis-Filho, Stephen Stefani, David M. Thomas, C. Benedikt Westphalen, Emile Voest
Journal: Nature Medicine (2022)
Two fatal autochthonous cases of airport malaria, Belgium, 2020
Authors: Wim Van Bortel, Bea Van den Poel, Greet Hermans, Marleen Vanden Driessche, Helmut Molzahn, Isra Deblauwe, Katrien De Wolf, Anna Schneider, Nick Van Hul, Ruth Müller, Leen Wilmaerts, Sophie Gombeer, Nathalie Smitz, Johanna Helena Kattenberg, Pieter Monsieurs, Anna Rosanas-Urgell, Marjan Van Esbroeck, Emmanuel Bottieau, Ula Maniewski-Kelner, Javiera Rebolledo
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2022)

We report an outbreak investigation of two fatal cases of autochthonous Plasmodium falciparum malaria that occurred in Belgium in September 2020. Various hypotheses of the potential source of infection were investigated. The most likely route of transmission was through an infectious exotic Anopheles mosquito that was imported via the international airport of Brussels or the military airport Melsbroek and infected the cases who lived at 5 km from the airports. Based on genomic analysis of the parasites collected from the two cases, the most likely origin of the Plasmodium was Gabon or Cameroon. Further, the parasites collected from the two Belgian patients were identical by descent, which supports the assumption that the two infections originated from the bite of the same mosquito, during interrupted feeding. Although airport malaria remains a rare event, it has significant implications, particularly for the patient, as delayed or missed diagnosis of the cause of illness often results in complications and mortality. Therefore, to prevent such severe or fatal outcomes, we suggest a number of public health actions including increased awareness among health practitioners, especially those working in the vicinity of airports, and increased surveillance of exotic mosquito species at airports.
Medical and Surgical Care of Patients With Mesothelioma and Their Relatives Carrying Germline BAP1 Mutations
Authors: Michele Carbone, Harvey I. Pass, Guntulu Ak, H. Richard Alexander, Paul Baas, Francine Baumann, Andrew M. Blakely, Raphael Bueno, Aleksandra Bzura, Giuseppe Cardillo, Jane E. Churpek, Irma Dianzani, Assunta De Rienzo, Mitsuru Emi, Salih Emri, Emanuela Felley-Bosco, Dean A. Fennell, Raja M. Flores, Federica Grosso, Nicholas K. Hayward, Mary Hesdorffer, Chuong D. Hoang, Peter A. Johansson, Hedy L. Kindler, Muaiad Kittaneh, Thomas Krausz, Aaron Mansfield, Muzaffer Metintas, Michael Minaai, Luciano Mutti, Maartje Nielsen, Kenneth O’Byrne, Isabelle Opitz, Sandra Pastorino, Francesca Pentimalli, Marc de Perrot, Antonia Pritchard, Robert Taylor Ripley, Bruce Robinson, Valerie Rusch, Emanuela Taioli, Yasutaka Takinishi, Mika Tanji, Anne S. Tsao, A. Murat Tuncer, Sebastian Walpole, Andrea Wolf, Haining Yang, Yoshie Yoshikawa, Alicia Zolondick, David S. Schrump, Raffit Hassan
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2022)

The most common malignancies that develop in carriers of BAP1 germline mutations include diffuse malignant mesothelioma, uveal and cutaneous melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, and less frequently, breast cancer, several types of skin carcinomas, and other tumor types. Mesotheliomas in these patients are significantly less aggressive, and patients require a multidisciplinary approach that involves genetic counseling, medical genetics, pathology, surgical, medical, and radiation oncology expertise. Some BAP1 carriers have asymptomatic mesothelioma that can be followed by close clinical observation without apparent adverse outcomes: they may survive many years without therapy. Others may grow aggressively but very often respond to therapy. Detecting BAP1 germline mutations has, therefore, substantial medical, social, and economic impact. Close monitoring of these patients and their relatives is expected to result in prolonged life expectancy, improved quality of life, and being cost-effective. The co-authors of this paper are those who have published the vast majority of cases of mesothelioma occurring in patients carrying inactivating germline BAP1 mutations and who have studied the families affected by the BAP1 cancer syndrome for many years. This paper reports our experience. It is intended to be a source of information for all physicians who care for patients carrying germline BAP1 mutations. We discuss the clinical presentation, diagnostic and treatment challenges, and our recommendations of how to best care for these patients and their family members, including the potential economic and psychosocial impact.
Editorial Board
Authors: Alex Adjei, Satoshi Ishikura, Cheryl Ho, Sumithra Mandrekar, D Ross Camidge, James Jett, Anne-Marie Dingemans, Rafal Dziadziusko, Wilfried Eberhardt, Keith Kerr, Luis Montuenga, Silvia Novello, Jean Pujol, Sara Ramella, Martin Reck, Dirk De Ruysscher, Paul Van Schil, Gabriella Sozzi, Mary Todd, Managing York, Jeffrey Bogart, Michele Carbone, Frank Detterbeck, Jeremy Erasmus, Fred Hirsch, Sai-Hong Ou, Karen Reckamp, Yu Shyr, William Travis, Graham Warren, Ping Yang, Myung-Ju Ahn, Abdul-Rahman Jazieh, Thomas John, Young Kim, Shun Lu, Keunchil Park, Emily Stone, Daniel Tan, Shinichi Toyooka, James Chih-Hsin Yang, Yashushi Yatabe, Wen-Zhao Zhong, Thierry Berghmanns, Paolo Bironzo, Lukas Bubendorf, Switzerland Burotto, Chile Samjot, Singh Dhillon, Jessica Donington, Afshin Dowlati, Nicolas Girard, Heidi Hamann, Usa Lizza, E Hendriks, Andreas-Claudius Hoffmann, Germany Kelly, Takashi Kohno, Japan Leighl, Yung-Hung Luo, Taiwan Mansfield, Tamas Molnar, Shu Ou, Kaushal Parikh, M Usa, Nir Peled, Israel Perego, Helmut Popper, Jordi Remon, Spain Reungwetwattana, Eduardo Richardet, Jeon-Seong Ryu, Yoshitaka Sekido, Japan Sequist, Patrick Nana-Sinkam, Navneet Singh, India Pawan, Kumar Singh, India Stinchcombe, Dipesh Uprety, Shalini Vinod, Australia Wang, China Wang, China Pan-Chyr Yang, Taiwan Yendamuri, Junji Yoshida, Japan Zwitter
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2022)
Use of Extrapolation in New Drug Approvals by the US Food and Drug Administration
Authors: Daniel Feldman, Jerry Avorn, Aaron S. Kesselheim
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

<h3>Importance</h3> The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved indications can be factors in prescribing practices and insurance coverage, yet the frequency with which the extrapolation of clinical characteristics from pivotal trial data to the final approved indication occurs is not well understood. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the frequency of extrapolation beyond pivotal trial data into approved indications in relation to disease severity, disease subtype, and concomitant medication use. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> In a cross-sectional study, the characteristics of patients in pivotal trials of 105 novel drug approvals from 2015 to 2017 were identified and compared with the FDA-approved indications for the drugs. Main sources analyzed included FDA reviews, published material describing the pivotal trials, and the original drug labeling. The study was conducted from July 4, 2019, to June 1, 2021. <h3>Exposures</h3> Clinical characteristics of pivotal trials used in FDA approval. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Main outcomes included the nature and frequency of extrapolation from study populations to the final indications. Extrapolation was defined as the granting of an indication for use in a broader population than was included in the pivotal trials on the basis of disease severity, disease subtype, or concomitant medication use. <h3>Results</h3> Among the 105 novel FDA drug approvals studied, 23 extrapolations of trial population characteristics to the approved indication were identified in 21 drugs (20%): 12 times (29%) in 2015, 3 times (15%) in 2016, and 6 times (14%) in 2017. Extrapolation of trial findings to patients with greater disease severity was most common (n = 14 drugs), followed by differences in disease subtype (n = 6) and concomitant medication use (n = 3). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> The findings of this study suggest that extrapolation from pivotal trial data to FDA-approved indications is common. Although extrapolations may be grounded in reasonable clinical predictions, they can limit the generalizability of such indications to specific prescribing decisions; these findings suggest a greater need for close postapproval monitoring to determine whether new safety issues arise, or effectiveness differs from expectations when these medications are used in broader real-world populations.
Hourly Air Pollutants and Acute Coronary Syndrome Onset in 1.29 Million Patients
Authors: Renjie Chen, Yixuan Jiang, Jialu Hu, Honglei Chen, Huichu Li, Xia Meng, John S. Ji, Ya Gao, Weidong Wang, Cong Liu, Weiyi Fang, Hongbing Yan, Jiyan Chen, Weimin Wang, Dingcheng Xiang, Xi Su, Bo Yu, Yan Wang, Yawei Xu, Lefeng Wang, Chunjie Li, Yundai Chen, Michelle L. Bell, Aaron J. Cohen, Junbo Ge, Yong Huo, Haidong Kan
Journal: Circulation (2022)

Short-term exposure to ambient air pollution has been linked with daily hospitalization and mortality from acute coronary syndrome (ACS); however, the associations of subdaily (hourly) levels of criteria air pollutants with the onset of ACS and its subtypes have rarely been evaluated. We conducted a time-stratified case-crossover study among 1 292 880 patients with ACS from 2239 hospitals in 318 Chinese cities between January 1, 2015, and September 30, 2020. Hourly concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), coarse particulate matter (PM2.5-10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3) were collected. Hourly onset data of ACS and its subtypes, including ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction, non-ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction, and unstable angina, were also obtained. Conditional logistic regressions combined with polynomial distributed lag models were applied. Acute exposures to PM2.5, NO2, SO2, and CO were each associated with the onset of ACS and its subtypes. These associations were strongest in the concurrent hour of exposure and were attenuated thereafter, with the weakest effects observed after 15 to 29 hours. There were no apparent thresholds in the concentration-response curves. An interquartile range increase in concentrations of PM2.5 (36.0 μg/m3), NO2 (29.0 µg/m3), SO2 (9.0 µg/m3), and CO (0.6 mg/m3) over the 0 to 24 hours before onset was significantly associated with 1.32%, 3.89%, 0.67%, and 1.55% higher risks of ACS onset, respectively. For a given pollutant, the associations were comparable in magnitude across different subtypes of ACS. NO2 showed the strongest associations with all 3 subtypes, followed by PM2.5, CO, and SO2. Greater magnitude of associations was observed among patients older than 65 years and in the cold season. Null associations of exposure to either PM2.5-10 or O3 with ACS onset were observed. The results suggest that transient exposure to the air pollutants PM2.5, NO2, SO2, or CO, but not PM2.5-10 or O3, may trigger the onset of ACS, even at concentrations below the World Health Organization air quality guidelines.
Factors Influencing Classroom Exposures to Fine Particles, Black Carbon, and Nitrogen Dioxide in Inner-City Schools and Their Implications for Indoor Air Quality
Authors: Vasileios N. Matthaios, Choong-Min Kang, Jack M. Wolfson, Kimberly F. Greco, Jonathan M. Gaffin, Marissa Hauptman, Amparito Cunningham, Carter R. Petty, Joy Lawrence, Wanda Phipatanakul, Diane R. Gold, Petros Koutrakis
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2022)

Background: School classrooms, where students spend the majority of their time during the day, are the second most important indoor microenvironment for children. Objective: We investigated factors influencing classroom exposures to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), black carbon (BC), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in urban schools in the northeast United States. Methods: Over the period of 10 y (2008–2013; 2015–2019) measurements were conducted in 309 classrooms of 74 inner-city schools during fall, winter, and spring of the academic period. The data were analyzed using adaptive mixed-effects least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression models. The LASSO variables included meteorological-, school-, and classroom-based covariates. Results: LASSO identified 10, 10, and 11 significant factors (p<0.05) that were associated with indoor PM2.5, BC, and NO2 exposures, respectively. The overall variability explained by these models was R2=0.679, 0.687, and 0.621 for PM2.5, BC, and NO2, respectively. Of the model's explained variability, outdoor air pollution was the most important predictor, accounting for 53.9%, 63.4%, and 34.1% of the indoor PM2.5, BC, and NO2 concentrations. School-based predictors included furnace servicing, presence of a basement, annual income, building type, building year of construction, number of classrooms, number of students, and type of ventilation that, in combination, explained 18.6%, 26.1%, and 34.2% of PM2.5, BC, and NO2 levels, whereas classroom-based predictors included classroom floor level, classroom proximity to cafeteria, number of windows, frequency of cleaning, and windows facing the bus area and jointly explained 24.0%, 4.2%, and 29.3% of PM2.5, BC, and NO2 concentrations, respectively. Discussion: The adaptive LASSO technique identified significant regional-, school-, and classroom-based factors influencing classroom air pollutant levels and provided robust estimates that could potentially inform targeted interventions aiming at improving children's health and well-being during their early years of development. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP10007
Errors in Text, Figure, Tables, and Supplement
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

In the Original Investigation titled "Comparison of Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics With Oral Antipsychotics and Suicide and All-Cause Mortality in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Schizophrenia," 1 published May 11, 2021, there were multiple errors in the text, figure, tables, and supplement resulting from the misclassification of patients receiving rapid-acting intramuscular olanzapine as receiving long-acting olanzapine.To correct this error, the 152 patients receiving rapidacting intramuscular olanzapine and the corresponding 152 patients receiving oral olanzapine were excluded, and data for risk of all-cause mortality, natural-cause mortality, suicide mortality, and suicide attempts were reanalyzed.This error did not affect the interpretation of the results, and the article has been corrected. 1
Cost‐effectiveness analysis of house dust mite allergen immunotherapy in children with allergic asthma
Authors: Mariana Farraia, Inês Paciência, Francisca Castro Mendes, João Cavaleiro Rufo, Mohamed H. Shamji, Ioana Agache, André Moreira
Journal: Allergy (2022)

Cost-effectiveness studies evaluating allergen immunotherapy (AIT) in children are limited but needed to drive clinical and policy-making decisions such as reimbursement of new interventions. In this study, we compared the cost effectiveness of subcutaneous (SCIT) and sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) tablets to the standard of care (SOC) treatment in children with house dust mite-driven (HDM) allergic asthma.We developed a hypothetical Markov model based on the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) severity steps to compare the three strategies over a 10-year horizon divided by cycles of 6 months. SOC was used as a reference to calculate the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were used to assess models' uncertainty. Other scenarios were evaluated to strengthen the presentation of results.The ICER for SCIT and SLIT tablets was 1281€ and 7717€, respectively. The cost-effectiveness threshold for Portugal was 18,482.80€; both treatment approaches were below this limit. The major contributors to these results were the AIT effects on reducing moderate and severe exacerbations and asthma controller medication. In the sensitivity analysis, SCIT revealed a higher probability of cost-effectiveness than SLIT. When including allergic rhinitis as comorbidity, ICER values reduced markedly, especially for SCIT intervention.AIT was cost effective in children with HDM-driven allergic asthma, especially when given by the subcutaneous route. The high probability of cost effectiveness, especially for SCIT, may drive future policy decisions and AIT-prescribing habits. AIT adherence greatly influenced the results highlighting the value of implementing strategies to promote adherence rates.
Consumer-grade wearables identify changes in multiple physiological systems during COVID-19 disease progression
Authors: Caleb Mayer, Jonathan Tyler, Yu Fang, Christopher Flora, Elena Frank, Muneesh Tewari, Sung Won Choi, Srijan Sen, Daniel B. Forger
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2022)

Consumer-grade wearables are needed to track disease, especially in the ongoing pandemic, as they can monitor patients in real time. We show that decomposing heart rate from low-cost wearable technologies into signals from different systems can give a multidimensional description of physiological changes due to COVID-19 infection. We find that the separate physiological features of basal heart rate, heart rate response to physical activity, circadian variation in heart rate, and autocorrelation of heart rate are significantly altered and can classify symptomatic versus healthy periods. Increased heart rate and autocorrelation begin at symptom onset, while the heart rate response to activity increases soon after symptom onset and increases more in individuals exhibiting cough. Symptom onset is associated with a blunting of circadian variation in heart rate, as measured by the uncertainty in the phase estimate. This work establishes an innovative data analytic approach to monitor disease progression remotely using consumer-grade wearables.
Regional Aβ-tau interactions promote onset and acceleration of Alzheimer’s disease tau spreading
Authors: Wha Jin Lee, Jesse A. Brown, Hye Ryun Kim, Renaud La Joie, Hanna Cho, Chul Hyoung Lyoo, Gil D. Rabinovici, Joon-Kyung Seong, William W. Seeley
Journal: Neuron (2022)
The Digestion of Sugar
Journal: JAMA (2022)

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