tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AMA House Acts on Medical Education Issues
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Alpha-synuclein seeding shows a wide heterogeneity in multiple system atrophy
Authors: Ivan Martinez-Valbuena, Naomi P. Visanji, Ain Kim, Heather H. C. Lau, Raphaella W. L. So, Sohaila Alshimemeri, Andrew Gao, Michael A. Seidman, Maria R. Luquin, Joel C. Watts, Anthony E. Lang, Gabor G. Kovacs
Journal: Translational Neurodegeneration (2022)

Abstract Background Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by variable combinations of parkinsonism, autonomic failure, cerebellar ataxia and pyramidal features. Although the distribution of synucleinopathy correlates with the predominant clinical features, the burden of pathology does not fully explain observed differences in clinical presentation and rate of disease progression. We hypothesized that the clinical heterogeneity in MSA is a consequence of variability in the seeding activity of α-synuclein both between different patients and between different brain regions. Methods The reliable detection of α-synuclein seeding activity derived from MSA using cell-free amplification assays remains challenging. Therefore, we conducted a systematic evaluation of 168 different reaction buffers, using an array of pH and salts, seeded with fully characterized brain homogenates from one MSA and one PD patient. We then validated the two conditions that conferred the optimal ability to discriminate between PD- and MSA-derived samples in a larger cohort of 40 neuropathologically confirmed cases, including 15 MSA. Finally, in a subset of brains, we conducted the first multi-region analysis of seeding behaviour in MSA. Results Using our novel buffer conditions, we show that the physicochemical factors that govern the in vitro amplification of α-synuclein can be tailored to generate strain-specific reaction buffers that can be used to reliably study the seeding capacity from MSA-derived α-synuclein. Using this novel approach, we were able to sub-categorize the 15 MSA brains into 3 groups: high, intermediate and low seeders. To further demonstrate heterogeneity in α-synuclein seeding in MSA, we conducted a comprehensive multi-regional evaluation of α-synuclein seeding in 13 different regions from 2 high seeders, 2 intermediate seeders and 2 low seeders. Conclusions We have identified unexpected differences in seed-competent α-synuclein across a cohort of neuropathologically comparable MSA brains. Furthermore, our work has revealed a substantial heterogeneity in seeding activity, driven by the PBS-soluble α-synuclein, between different brain regions of a given individual that goes beyond immunohistochemical observations. Our observations pave the way for future subclassification of MSA, which exceeds conventional clinical and neuropathological phenotyping and considers the structural and biochemical heterogeneity of α-synuclein present. Finally, our methods provide an experimental framework for the development of vitally needed, rapid and sensitive diagnostic assays for MSA.
Megavitamin Therapy
Authors: Thomas H. Jukes
Journal: JAMA (1975)

VITAMINS are defined as carbon compounds that are needed in small amounts in the diet of animals. Amino acids, proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and minerals are excluded from this definition. Vitamins became known by the deficiency diseases that result from their absence. Such diseases have severe and distinctive signs and symptoms. The discovery, identification, and synthesis of the vitamins lessened the incidence of these diseases, including pellagra, rickets, scurvy, and others, so that they are now rare in the United States. The therapeutic effects of vitamins on deficiency diseases are so spectacular that popular attention has long been captivated by vitamins as components of the daily diet. Foods that are good sources of vitamins often supply other important nutrients such as proteins and minerals. Many people are interested in warding off possible effects of partial or "subacute" vitamin deficiencies by selecting a good diet. Often, they also take pills containing synthetic
Noninferiority Margins in Clinical Trials—A Moving Target?
Authors: Li Wang, Rebecca Torguson, Andrew Farb
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
World AIDS Day — December 1, 2018
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2018)

World AIDS Day, observed each year on December 1, draws attention to the status of the human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) epidemic worldwide. Today, approximately 36.9 million persons worldwide are living with HIV infection, including 1.8 million persons newly infected during 2017 (1). An estimated 940,000 persons worldwide died from AIDS-related illnesses in 2017 (1).
2022 American College of Rheumatology/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology classification criteria for microscopic polyangiitis
Authors: Ravi Suppiah, Joanna C Robson, Peter C Grayson, Cristina Ponte, Anthea Craven, Sara Khalid, Andrew Judge, Andrew Hutchings, Peter A Merkel, Raashid A Luqmani, Richard A Watts
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2022)

To develop and validate classification criteria for microscopic polyangiitis (MPA).Patients with vasculitis or comparator diseases were recruited into an international cohort. The study proceeded in five phases: (1) identification of candidate items using consensus methodology, (2) prospective collection of candidate items present at the time of diagnosis, (3) data-driven reduction of the number of candidate items, (4) expert panel review of cases to define the reference diagnosis and (5) derivation of a points-based risk score for disease classification in a development set using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression, with subsequent validation of performance characteristics in an independent set of cases and comparators.The development set for MPA consisted of 149 cases of MPA and 408 comparators. The validation set consisted of an additional 142 cases of MPA and 414 comparators. From 91 candidate items, regression analysis identified 10 items for MPA, 6 of which were retained. The final criteria and their weights were as follows: perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) or anti-myeloperoxidase-ANCA positivity (+6), pauci-immune glomerulonephritis (+3), lung fibrosis or interstitial lung disease (+3), sino-nasal symptoms or signs (-3), cytoplasmic ANCA or anti-proteinase 3 ANCA positivity (-1) and eosinophil count ≥1×109/L (-4). After excluding mimics of vasculitis, a patient with a diagnosis of small- or medium-vessel vasculitis could be classified as having MPA with a cumulative score of ≥5 points. When these criteria were tested in the validation data set, the sensitivity was 91% (95% CI 85% to 95%) and the specificity was 94% (95% CI 92% to 96%).The 2022 American College of Rheumatology/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology classification criteria for MPA are now validated for use in clinical research.
Prostacyclin in Intubated Patients with COVID-19 and Severe Endotheliopathy: A Multicenter, Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Pär I. Johansson, Peter Søe-Jensen, Morten H. Bestle, Niels E. Clausen, Klaus T. Kristiansen, Theis Lange, Jakob Stensballe, Anders Perner
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2021)

Rationale: The mortality in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) who require mechanical ventilation remains high, and endotheliopathy has been implicated. Objectives: To determine the effect of prostacyclin infusion in mechanically ventilated patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 with severe endotheliopathy. Methods: We conducted a multicenter, randomized clinical trial in adults infected with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) who required mechanical ventilation and had a plasma level of thrombomodulin >4 ng/ml; patients were randomized to 72-hour infusion of prostacyclin 1 ng/kg/min or placebo. Measurements and Main Results: The main outcome was the number of days alive and without mechanical ventilation within 28 days. Key secondary outcomes were 28-day mortality and serious adverse events within 7 days. Eighty patients were randomized (41 prostacyclin and 39 placebo). The median number of days alive without mechanical ventilation at 28 days was 16.0 days (SD, 12) versus 5.0 days (SD, 10) (difference of the medians, 10.96 days; 95% confidence interval [CI], −5 to 21; P = 0.07) in the prostacyclin and the placebo groups, respectively. The 28-day mortality was 21.9% versus 43.6% in the prostacyclin and the placebo groups, respectively (risk ratio, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.96; P = 0.06). The incidence of serious adverse events within 7 days was 2.4% versus 12.8% (risk ratio, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.001 to 1.11; P = 0.10) in the prostacyclin and the placebo groups, respectively. Conclusions: Prostacyclin was not associated with a significant reduction in the number of days alive and without mechanical ventilation within 28 days. The point estimates, however, favored the prostacyclin group in all analyses, including 28-day mortality, warranting further investigation in larger trials. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 04420741); EudraCT Identifier: 2020-001296-33.
The World Health Organization
Authors: B. Chisholm
Journal: BMJ (1950)

the World Health Organization, the youngest of the United Nations agencies, officially came into being.The date will undoubtedly go down as an important landmark in the history of international co- operation in the field of public health.Indeed, with the creation of W.H.O., various attempts, covering a span of more than 50 years, to establish a single world-wide system which would answer the world's critical health needs were brought to a successful conclusion.
The Efficient Regeneration of Corneal Nerves via Tunable Transmembrane Signaling Channels Using a Transparent Graphene‐Based Corneal Stimulation Electrode
Authors: Zheng Zheng, Mimi Lin, Weicong Lu, Pingping Huang, Yaru Zheng, Xincheng Zhang, Lu Yan, Wei Wang, Tom Lawson, Bingyang Shi, Shihao Chen, Yong Liu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2022)

The efficient regeneration of corneal nerves is of limited success in the field of ophthalmology. This work reports the use of a non-invasive electrical stimulation technique that uses a transparent graphene-based corneal stimulation electrode and that can achieve efficient regeneration of corneal nerves. The corneal stimulation electrode is prepared using electroactive nitrogen-containing conducting polymers such as polyaniline functionalized graphene (PAG). This composite can carry a high capacitive current. It can be used to tune transmembrane signaling pathways including calcium channels and the MAPK signaling pathway. Tuning can lead to the efficient regeneration of corneal damaged nerves after the surgery of laser in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK). The composite and its application reported have the potential to provide a new way to treat nerve-related injuries.
The impact of Janus kinase 1 inhibitors on quality of life in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Hans Christian Ring, Simon F. Thomsen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2022)

Dear Editor, Several studies have demonstrated that hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is associated with a considerably impaired quality of life (QoL) as well as profound psychological distress.1 Indeed, various factors such as comorbidities, pain, HS severity and unemployment may contribute to the overall significantly impaired QoL in patients with HS. When evaluating previous studies that have investigated potential drugs applicable for HS, the dermatology‐specific Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) appears to be the most frequently used instrument to measure the dynamic change in QoL during therapy. Although validated HS‐specific health‐related QoL instruments such as HSIA, HiSQoL and HSQoL‐24 exist, the clinical experience of these instruments is limited according to the literature. Alavi et al.2 present safety and efficacy data from two multicentre phase II trials of the Janus kinase (JAK)1 inhibitor INCB054707 in patients with moderate‐to severe HS. Patients received open‐label 15 mg INCB054707 once daily (study 1) or were randomized to 30, 60 or 90 mg INCB054707 daily or placebo (3 : 1 within each cohort; study 2) for 8 weeks. Ten patients were enrolled in study 1 (15 mg INCB054707) and 35 in study 2 (INCB054707: 30 mg, n = 9; 60 mg, n = 9; 90 mg, n = 8; placebo: n = 9).
Anaphylaxis After COVID-19 Vaccination: A Registry-Based Study
Authors: Jordon Jaggers, Upeka Samarakoon, Xiaoqing Fu, Alexei Gonzalez-Estrada, Sara Anvari, Shwetabh Tarun, Hey Chong, Sara Van Meerbeke, Andrej Petrov, Linette Milkovich, Elizabeth Hartigan, Timothy Chow, Kimberly Blumenthal
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2022)
A National Pharmacopœia.
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Barry J. Maron, Milind Y. Desai, Rick A. Nishimura, Paolo Spirito, Harry Rakowski, Jeffrey A. Towbin, Ethan J. Rowin, Martin S. Maron, Mark V. Sherrid
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a relatively common often inherited global heart disease, with complex phenotypic and genetic expression and natural history, affecting both genders and many races and cultures. Prevalence is 1:200-1:500, largely based on the disease phenotype with imaging, inferring that 750,000 Americans may be affected by HCM. However, cross-sectional data show that only a fraction are clinically diagnosed, suggesting under-recognition, with most clinicians exposed to small segments of the broad disease spectrum. Highly effective HCM management strategies have emerged, altering clinical course and substantially lowering mortality and morbidity rates. These advances underscore the importance of reliable HCM diagnosis with echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance. Family screening with noninvasive imaging will identify relatives with the HCM phenotype, while genetic analysis recognizes preclinical sarcomere gene carriers without left ventricular hypertrophy, but with the potential to transmit disease. Comprehensive initial patient evaluations are important for reliable diagnosis, accurate portrayal of HCM and family history, risk stratification, and distinguishing obstructive versus nonobstructive forms.
Nursing Procedures
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Toll-like receptor ligand-peptide conjugates in the immunomodulatory response of food allergy
Authors: Maria Francisca Palomares Jerez, Jorge Losada, Francisca Gomez, Natalia Perez Sanchez, Jose Antonio Cañas Mañas, Carmen Rondon, Ibon Eguiluz-Gracia, Francisco Javier Ramos Soriano, María Isabel Montañez, Maria Jose Torres, Javier Rojo, Cristobalina Mayorga
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2022)
Surfer's Knots
Authors: David W. Gelfand
Journal: JAMA (1966)

SURF RIDING is largely confined to the beaches of California and Hawaii, but is now gaining in popularity on the east coast as well. The physical hazards of this very exhilarating sport are those expected from the use of a heavy fiber glass surfboard in a pounding surf. These hazards include a large assortment of cuts and bruises, and an occasional fatality produced by a rapidly moving board striking the head. In addition, regular devotees of the sport acquire surfers' knots, soft-tissue swellings on the dorsum of the foot and just below the knee.<sup>1</sup>Surfers' knots are produced at these points by kneeling for long periods of time on a floating surfboard while waiting for a wave. When the surfer kneels on the board, the feet are tucked under the buttocks with most of the body's weight brought to bear on the dorsum of the foot.<sup>2</sup> Bone changes
Current Cigarette Smoking Among Adults—United States, 2011
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal