tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P233: Changes in Diet, Lifestyle Behaviors, and Body Weight Over Two Years in Mexican Women
Authors: Martha Tamez, Josiemer Mattei, Adriana Monge, Ruy López-Ridaura, Martin Lajous
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Some prospective observational studies have evaluated baseline diet and lifestyle behaviors, rather than changes in diet and lifestyle in relation to weight gain. Evaluating changes in diet and lifestyle on changes in adiposity may more appropriately identify effective strategies aimed at preventing weight gain. Methods: In a prospective cohort of Mexican female teachers (n=11,296) aged 35-65 y, we evaluated how two-year changes in diet and lifestyle behaviors relate to body weight change. We excluded women who were pregnant or who had prevalent heart disease, diabetes, or cancer at baseline, and those with implausible energy intake or missing baseline dietary, lifestyle, or weight data. We collected information on habitual consumption of foods and beverages with a validated food frequency questionnaire. Weight was self-reported and previously validated. We obtained data on physical activity, smoking, alcohol use, and TV watching through a self-administered questionnaire. We calculated the change in weight and diet/lifestyle behaviors by subtracting the information obtained in 2008 from that in 2006. We used multivariable linear regression models adjusting for age, state of residence, menopausal status, hormone replacement therapy, and all diet and lifestyle behaviors, simultaneously. Results: Increasing weekly servings of individual food components was positively associated with two-year body weight for intake of potatoes (0.06 kg; 95%CI 0.006, 0.12), corn (0.22 kg; 95%CI 0.006, 0.43), corn tortilla (0.03 kg; 95%CI 0.02, 0.04), sweets and desserts (0.01 kg; 95%CI 0.001, 0.03), Mexican dishes (0.13 kg; 95%CI 0.08, 0.17), and sodas (0.07 kg; 95%CI 0.05, 0.10). We observed an inverse association for intake of fruits (-0.006 kg; 95%CI -0.011, -0.001), vegetables (-0.013 kg; 95%CI -0.019, -0.008), and whole grains (-0.025 kg; 95%CI -0.045, -0.005). Lifestyle behaviors were also independently associated with weight change, including smoking (ever smokers=0.22 kg, starters=-0.24 kg, quitters=0.18 kg; p=0.04), physical activity level (decrease in category=0.14 kg, increase in category=-0.04 kg p=0.03), and TV watching (0.04 kg per hour/d; p=0.04). Changes in consumption of nuts, refined grains, low-fat and whole-fat dairy products, red and processed meats, beans, rice, diet sodas, and alcohol use were not associated with two-year weight change. Conclusions: Two-year changes in specific dietary and lifestyle behaviors were associated with modest changes in body weight. These results may be useful for targeted weight management messages.
A Population Genomic Assessment of Three Decades of Evolution in a Natural <i>Drosophila</i> Population
Authors: Jeremy D Lange, Héloïse Bastide, Justin B Lack, John E Pool
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2021)

Population genetics seeks to illuminate the forces shaping genetic variation, often based on a single snapshot of genomic variation. However, utilizing multiple sampling times to study changes in allele frequencies can help clarify the relative roles of neutral and non-neutral forces on short time scales. This study compares whole-genome sequence variation of recently collected natural population samples of Drosophila melanogaster against a collection made approximately 35 years prior from the same locality-encompassing roughly 500 generations of evolution. The allele frequency changes between these time points would suggest a relatively small local effective population size on the order of 10,000, significantly smaller than the global effective population size of the species. Some loci display stronger allele frequency changes than would be expected anywhere in the genome under neutrality-most notably the tandem paralogs Cyp6a17 and Cyp6a23, which are impacted by structural variation associated with resistance to pyrethroid insecticides. We find a genome-wide excess of outliers for high genetic differentiation between old and new samples, but a larger number of adaptation targets may have affected SNP-level differentiation versus window differentiation. We also find evidence for strengthening latitudinal allele frequency clines: northern-associated alleles have increased in frequency by an average of nearly 2.5% at SNPs previously identified as clinal outliers, but no such pattern is observed at random SNPs. This project underscores the scientific potential of using multiple sampling time points to investigate how evolution operates in natural populations, by quantifying how genetic variation has changed over ecologically relevant timescales.
Plitidepsin as a successful rescue treatment for prolonged viral SARS-CoV-2 replication in a patient with previous anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody-mediated B cell depletion and chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: P. Guisado-Vasco, M. M. Carralón-González, J. Aguareles-Gorines, E. M. Martí-Ballesteros, M. D. Sánchez-Manzano, D. Carnevali-Ruiz, M. García-Coca, R. Barrena-Puertas, R. García de Viedma, J. M. Luque-Pinilla, G. Sotres-Fernandez, J. M. Fernández-Sousa, X. E. Luepke-Estefan, J. A. López-Martín, J. M. Jimeno
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2022)

Abstract Background There is an urgent need for highly efficacious antiviral therapies in immunosuppressed hosts who develop coronavirus disease (COVID-19), with special concern for those affected by hematological malignancies. Case presentation Here, we report the case of a 75-year-old male with chronic lymphocytic leukemia who was deficient in CD19 + CD20 + B-lymphocyte populations due to previous treatment with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies. The patient presented with severe COVID-19 pneumonia due to prolonged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and was treated with two courses of the antiviral plitidepsin on a compassionate use basis. The patient subsequently achieved an undetectable viral load, and his pneumonia resolved. Conclusions Treatment with plitidepsin was well-tolerated without any further hematological or cardiovascular toxicities. This case further supports plitidepsin as a potential antiviral drug in SARS-CoV-2 patients affected by immune deficiencies and hematological malignancies.
Effect of Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser vs Sham Treatment on Vaginal Symptom Severity in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Neroli Ngenda
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 240: Asb2-dependent Proteolysis of the Cytoskeleton Directs Cardiac Development and Disease
Authors: Abir Yamak, Dongjian Hu, Ibrahim J Domian
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) account for 25% of birth defects and are major risk factors for adult cardiovascular problems. Partial disease penetrance is seen even in autosomal dominant disorders and genotype/phenotype correlations remain a clinical challenge; thus, the need to understand different regulators of cardiac formation. The Ubiquitin-Proteasome System (UPS) is important in controlling protein turnover during organ development but its role in the mammalian heart remains ambiguous. We have identified a specificity subunit of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis (Asb2) as being specific for the cardiac myogenic lineage. Asb2 was previously shown to regulate hematopoietic and skeletal muscle cell differentiation through targeting filamin proteins (FlnA, B and C), actin-binding proteins important for cytoskeleton stabilization. In our present study, we show that Asb2 is markedly enriched in myocardial progenitor cells and cardiomyocytes. To investigate the role of Asb2 and UPS dependent proteolysis in heart development, we generated two cardiac-specific murine knockouts (KOs): Nkx Cre .Asb2 -/- and Mef2c Cre .Asb2 -/- (deleting Asb2 in early cardiomyocyte progenitors and anterior heart field progenitors, respectively). Both KOs are embryonic lethal with pericardial edema. We used tissue clarifying and confocal microscopy to define the morphological defects of the Asb2 null heart. Moreover, we found that FlnA is overexpressed in the hearts of these mice and its deletion therein partially rescues their lethality. In addition, using transcriptomic analysis on Asb2-null e9.5 hearts, we identified novel potential Asb2 targets in the heart. Finally, to understand the role of Asb2 in the differentiation and function of human cardiomyocytes, we used CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technique to generate Asb2-null human induced pluripotent stem cells. Collectively, our study provides a novel mechanistic understanding of the role of the UPS proteasome in cardiac development, myocardial function, and disease pathogenesis. Given recent interests in both the UPS and the cytoskeleton as therapeutic targets, our study provides an innovative platform for the development of pharmacotherapy for cardiac disease.
Peripheral Arterial Insufficiency
Authors: Edward D. Frohlich
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Two patients with hypertension and hyperdynamic beta-adrenergic circulatory state were treated with the beta-adrenergic blocking drug, propranolol hydrochloride. Hypertension and symptoms remitted, but remission was associated with evidence of peripheral arterial insufficiency. When propranolol therapy was discontinued, arterial insufficiency disappeared. These findings suggest that beta-adrenergic blocking drugs should be used cautiously in patients with peripheral arterial insufficiency and when arterial insufficiency appears with such treatment, beta-adrenergic inhibition should be considered the cause.
Health outcomes of gBRCA testing strategies for metastatic pancreatic cancer patients.
Authors: Lin Fan, Neeharika Agnihotri, Apoorva Ambavane, Weiyan Li, Seongjung Joo, Hyun Kyoo Yoo, Dominic Muston
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

537 Background: About 4-8% metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPC) patients have germline BRCA mutation (gBRCAm). Identifying gBRCAm through early testing benefits mPC patients through: 1. better health outcomes when gBRCAm patients receive platinum (plat) based 1st line (1L) chemotherapy compared to non-plat 1L regimen; 2. additional benefit, if eligible, from olaparib (O) maintenance treatment (mTx), which was approved by the FDA for the gBRCAm mPC patients who have not progressed on at least 16 weeks of a 1L plat regimen. Objective: To evaluate the health outcomes of gBRCA testing and treatment strategies among mPC patients using simulation model. Methods: A 3-state partitioned survival model was developed to assess the lifetime (20 year) health outcomes among treatment naïve mPC patients for the following strategies: 1. No gBRCA testing, no O mTx; 2. gBRCA testing before 1L, no O mTx; 3. gBRCA testing before 1L, O mTx; 4. gBRCA testing after 1L, O mTx. Without gBRCAm information before 1L (i.e., strategy 1&amp;4) or if gBRCA negative, 45% mPC patients with good performance status (PS) and 27% with poor PS received 1L plat. We assumed that for gBRCAm patients, if known, 90% with good PS and 50% with poor PS received 1 st line plat (i.e., strategy 2&amp;3) in the base case. We assumed gBRCA testing had 100% of sensitivity and specificity. OS and PFS survival curves were extrapolated from pivotal trials. The additional health outcome benefit from O mTx after 16 weeks were modeled using efficacy from POLO trial. Health outcomes were measured by life years (LY) and, after applying health utilities by health state, quality adjusted life years (QALY). Results: The proportion of gBRCAm mPC patients receiving O mTx were 58.7% (4.4% of mPC patients) for strategy 3 vs 30.0% (2.2% of mPC patients) for strategy 4. For gBRCAm mPC patients, no testing generated the least LY and QALY, while testing before 1 st line with O mTx resulted in the most. This trend was also observed in the overall cohort of mPC patients with the best outcomes from testing before 1 st line with O mTx and worse outcomes from no testing or testing after 1 st line with O Mtx. These survival gains are primarily derived by higher proportion of patients on platinum with better survival along with O Mtx gains. Conclusions: mPC patients achieve the highest health benefits by gBRCA testing before 1L treatment followed by O mTx, even with less than 5% mPC patients becoming eligible for O mTx (strategy 3).[Table: see text]
Covid-19: GP practices can access “contingency supply” of lateral flow and PCR tests
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2022)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following Covid-19: GP practices can access "contingency supply" of lateral flow and PCR tests Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Update results from ALTER-C-001: Efficacy and safety of anlotinib plus XELOX regimen as first-line treatment followed by maintenance monotherapy of anlotinib for patients with mCRC-A single-arm, multicenter, phase Ⅱ clinical trial.
Authors: Jin Yan, Yunwei Han, Li Zhang, Yongdong Jin, Hao Sun
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

e15550 Background: The combination of anti-VEGF or anti-EGFR targeted drugs with chemotherapy is the standard first-line therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), and the followed maintenance treatment is an optional approach to balance the efficacy and toxicity. However, studies regarding the maintenance strategies based on antiangiogenic TKIs are limited currently. Anlotinib, a novel oral multi-target TKI which can inhibit both tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation simultaneously, substantially prolonged the PFS with manageable toxicity for refractory mCRC in the phase III ALTER0703 clinical trial. Here we report an update on the effectiveness and safety of anlotinib plus XELOX as first-line treatment followed by anlotinib monotherapy for mCRC. Methods: In this open label, single-arm, multicenter phase II clinical trial, 53 mCRC patients without prior systemic treated, aged 18-75 and an ECOG performance status of 0 or 1 were planned to recruit. Eligible patients received capecitabine (1000 mg/m 2 , po, d1-14, q3w) and oxaliplatin (130 mg/m 2 , iv, d1, q3w) plus anlotinib (10mg, po, d1̃14, q3w) treatment for 6 cycles. After 6 cycles of inducing therapy, patients would receive anlotinib (12mg, po, d1̃14, q3w) as maintenance therapy until disease progression or intolerable adverse events (AEs). The primary endpoint was PFS; Secondary endpoints included ORR, DCR, DOR and safety. Results: By the data analysis cutoff date of January 22, 2021, a total of 18 patients were enrolled, of which 12 patients were available for efficacy assessment. In best overall response assessment, there were 50.0% PR (6/12), 33.3% SD (4/12) and 16.7% PD (2/12). The ORR was 50.0% (95% CI, 21.1-78.9%) and DCR was 83.3% (95% CI, 51.5-97.9%). The longest duration of treatment was 8.8 months and the response was still ongoing. The median PFS was not reached. The most common treatment related adverse events (TRAEs) of any grade (≥20%) were leukopenia, hypertension, neutropenia, diarrhea, fatigue, hypertriglyceridemia. Grade 3/4 TRAEs included hypertension (22.2%), hypertriglyceridemia (11.1%), lipase elevated (11.1%) and neutropenia (5.6%). No grade 5 AEs occurred. Conclusions: The update results suggested that anlotinib combined with XELOX as first line regimen followed by anlotinib monotherapy showed promising anti-tumor activity and manageable safety for patients with mCRC. And the conclusions needed to be confirmed in trials continued subsequently. Clinical trial information: ChiCTR1900028417.
Errors in Table 2 and Results
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2021)

Andrew Wong, MD; Erkin Otles, MEng; John P. Donnelly, PhD; Andrew Krumm, PhD; Jeffrey McCullough, PhD; Olivia DeTroyer-Cooley, BSE; Justin Pestrue, MEcon; Marie Phillips, BA; Judy Konye, MSN, RN; Carleen Penoza, MHSA, RN; Muhammad Ghous, MBBS; Karandeep Singh, MD, MMSc
Reduction of left atrial stretch facilitates internal cardioversion of chronic atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty for mitral stenosis Katherine Fan, Kathy L. Lee, Wing Hing Chow, Elaine Chau, On Hing Kwok, Chu Pak Lau. Grantham Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Soluble thrombomodulin is elevated in postmenopausal women with acute coronary syndromes but is not associated with adverse outcomes nor affected by short term estrogen therapy Eric T. Chou, Steven P. Schulman, David R. Thiemann, Michele F. Bellantoni, Jeffrey J. Rade. Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Physical Examination or Duplex Ultrasonography for the Diagnosis of Giant-Cell Arteritis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Summaries for Patients20 August 2002Physical Examination or Duplex Ultrasonography for the Diagnosis of Giant-Cell ArteritisSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-137-4-200208200-00002 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?Giant-cell arteritis is an inflammation of blood vessels on the sides of the forehead. It can cause headaches; tenderness of the scalp; pain in the side of the face that is worse with chewing; and swollen, tender forehead vessels. Persons with giant-cell arteritis also can have pain and stiffness in the shoulders and hips (polymyalgia rheumatica). Doctors first suspect giant-cell arteritis from the patient's symptoms and from examination of the forehead vessels. The vessels may be tender to the touch and have weak or even absent pulsations. Before ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled “Is Duplex Ultrasonography Useful for the Diagnosis of Giant-Cell Arteritis?” It is in the 20 August 2002 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 137, pages 232-238). The authors are C Salvarani, M Silingardi, A Ghirarduzzi, G Lo Scocco, P Macchioni, G Bajocchi, M Vinceti, F Cantini, I Iori, and L Boiardi.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoIs Duplex Ultrasonography Useful for the Diagnosis of Giant-Cell Arteritis? Carlo Salvarani , Mauro Silingardi , Angelo Ghirarduzzi , Giovanni Lo Scocco , PierLuigi Macchioni , GianLuigi Bajocchi , Marco Vinceti , Fabrizio Cantini , Ido Iori , and Luigi Boiardi Metrics 20 August 2002Volume 137, Issue 4Page: I-26KeywordsBiopsyHipInflammationPainPolymyalgia rheumaticaRheumatic painShouldersStiffnessTouchUltrasound imaging ePublished: 20 August 2002 Issue Published: 20 August 2002 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Predictors of mortality in 560 patients with infective endocarditis: Findings of the multicentre aspirin trial in infective endocarditis (MATIE) study Kwan-Leung Chan, Jean G. Dumesnil, Bibiana Cujec, Anthony Sanfilippo, John Jue, Trevor Robinson. University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Chest physician innovations keep sandman out of CME
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1982)

It's another exhausting continuing medical education course. Some 430 physicians are assembled in a Chicago hotel meeting room taking the American College of Chest Physicians' (ACCP) latest course on pulmonary medicine. All are in their seats by 8 AM, and they often are still in those chairs up to ten hours later. It goes on like this for five straight days, complete with evening homework. But what's this? Says course director Reuben M. Cherniack, MD, director, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Hospital, Denver: "I haven't seen anyone nod off. And I've yet to hear a complaint." How so? According to ACCP Executive Director Alfred Soffer, MD, the continuing interest seems to stem from a combination of motivation and participation. And the latter ingredient comes mainly from electronics. At the fingertips of each physician in this course was a six-button "voter station." Every so often, usually in the course of a