tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Thymic Tumors
Journal: Thorax (1989)

ness, again when applied to the whole population of asth- matic individuals, leads to a disproportionate increase in the proportion of those with severe disease.The probable validity of the second assumption can be illustrated (figure) by comparing childhood asthma prevalence in England and New Zealand (EA Mitchell, HR Anderson, unpublished study).The lifetime prevalence of wheeze in Auckland, New Zealand, is 18-5% higher than in South West Thames, England (25-6% v 21-6%), the prevalence of wheeze in the last 12 months 32-1% higher (14-8% v 11-2%), and the prevalence of wheeze in the last month 87-5% higher (7 7% v 4-1%).Thus there is a difference in the distribution ofasthma severity between the two countries.Could this be produced by New Zealand's higher asthma drug consumption2 and the promotion of maintenance beta agonists?Dr Gregg speculates that "pan-adrenoceptor" agonists may be superior to selective beta2 agonists in relieving and preventing mucosal oedema.These drugs were effective when used intermittently for acute severe asthma.The hypothesis, however, relates to long term regular use.The recent report suggesting that fenoterol, a less selective beta2 agonist, might increase the risk of death in patients with asthma3 indicates the need for caution before returning to even less selective adrenoceptor agonists.
GOVERNMENT SERVICES
Journal: JAMA (1953)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract P215: Plasma and Dietary Linoleic Acid and Diabetes Incidence After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Marjolein C Harbers, Kamalita Pertiwi, Sabita S Soedamah-Muthu, Janette de Goede, Famke J Mölenberg, Anne J Wanders, Peter L Zock, Daan Kromhout, Johanna M Geleijnse
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Plasma linoleic acid (C18:2n-6, LA) has been associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in prospective cohort studies, but associations of dietary LA with T2DM risk are inconsistent. Objective: To study both plasma and dietary LA in relation to incident T2DM in post-myocardial infarction (MI) patients who received state-of-the-art drug treatment. Methods: We included 3,377 patients (80% male) from the Alpha Omega Cohort aged 60-80 y who had an MI &lt;10 y before study enrollment and who were initially free of T2DM. At baseline, LA was measured in plasma cholesterol esters as a proportion of total fatty acids. Dietary LA intake was estimated from a validated 203-item food-frequency questionnaire that had been specifically designed for measuring fatty acid intake. Incident T2DM was ascertained through self-reported physician diagnosis and medication use. HRs for incident T2DM in quintiles of plasma LA and dietary LA were obtained from multivariable Cox models that included age, sex, lifestyle and dietary factors. For dietary LA, we used a substitution model in which LA was iso-calorically replaced with the sum of saturated plus trans fatty acids. Results: From the lowest to the highest quintile, dietary LA ranged from 3.5 to 8.8 percent of energy and the proportion of plasma LA ranged from 43.7 to 56.3%. Plasma and dietary LA were weakly correlated (Spearman r = 0.14, P &lt;.0001). During a median follow-up of 3.4 years, 171 cases of T2DM occurred. Plasma LA was associated with a significantly lower risk of T2DM (HR Q5vsQ1 : 0.45; 95% CI: 0.27 - 0.76; P for trend = 0.002). Dietary LA was not associated with T2DM risk (HR Q5vsQ1: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.53 - 1.76; P for trend = 0.85). Conclusion: Plasma LA but not dietary LA was associated with lower T2DM risk in post-MI patients. The utility of plasma LA as a biomarker of dietary LA warrants further investigation.
Data Errors in Table
Authors: Alan Davis, Roland Griffiths
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2021)

Elena Dragioti, PhD; Marco Solmi, MD, PhD; Angela Favaro, MD, PhD; Paolo Fusar-Poli, MD, PhD; Paola Dazzan, MD, PhD; Trevor Thompson, PhD; Brendon Stubbs, PhD; Joseph Firth, PhD; Michele Fornaro, MD, PhD; Dimitrios Tsartsalis, MD, PhD; Andre F. Carvalho, MD, PhD; Eduard Vieta, MD, PhD; Philip McGuire, MD, PhD; Allan H. Young, FRCPsych; Jae Il Shin, MD, PhD; Christoph U. Correll, MD; Evangelos Evangelou, PhD
Complex AV-nodal dynamics during ventricular-triggered atrial pacing in humans David J. Christini, Kenneth M. Stein, Steven M. Markowitz, Suneet Mittal, David J. Slotwiner, Marc A. Scheiner, Sei Iwai, Bruce B. Lerman. The New York Hospital - Cornell University Medical Center, New York, NY
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Research brief
Authors: Sharmila Devi
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2021)

Researchers in the USA have developed a novel strategy that redirects antibodies developed against hepatitis B virus to the spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2. They propose using peptide-based double-faced "booster" inhibitors, with one face binding to the spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 and the other face binding to antibodies developed against hepatitis B virus. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the designed boosters have a highly specific and stable binding to both the receptor binding domain and the antibody fragment.
Legal Medicine
Authors: Mark E. Battista
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Kudos to Dr Sanbar and other members of the American College of Legal Medicine's Textbook Committee for putting together this excellent third edition. A broad and sometimes deep survey of legal medicine, the text can serve well both the seasoned health care practitioner and newcomers to the field. It is also a useful reference for others who interface regularly with the health care delivery system, an excellent source for university courses on medical ethics and the law, and a good primer for law students with an interest in the field. Nonetheless, its primary appeal, or at least value, should be to practicing physicians, nurses, and other health care providers. Where to start reading this 754-page, 49-chapter text? Not necessarily at the beginning! One might rather begin by scanning the section dealing with the care of special patients—reproductive medicine patients, children, the elderly, cancer patients, patients with pain, and those who
The validity of duplex ultrasound as a diagnostic modality for internal carotid artery disease Gishel New, Gary S. Roubin, Matthew E. Oetgen, Issam Moussa, Vickram Veeramachaneni, Sriram S. Iyer, Nadim Al-Mubarak, Mariah Ennis, Christina Brennan, Kristin Young, Jennifer Salzberg, Jiri J. Vitek, George Dangas, Martin B. Leon, Jeffrey W. Moses. Lenox Hill Heart and Vascular Institute of New York, New York, NY
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Treatment of hypertension
Authors: L. E. Ramsay
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Members of the Hypertension Detection and Followup Program Cooperative Group report that approximately 77% of persons found to be hypertensive at screening attended a clinic for a further blood pressure (BP) check, and that approximately 82% of those in whom hypertension was confirmed were still attending the clinic one year later (239:1507, 1978). The members conclude that the program has achieved good participation rates. The meaning of these figures should be considered more critically. The response to the initial screening process was 89%, and it seems reasonable to assume that 11/100 hypertensive patients in the original communities were not detected. Of the 89 detected, 20 (23%) did not attend the clinic, leaving 69 patients. A further 12 patients (18% of 69) were apparently lost to follow-up after one year, leaving 57 patients attending. Thus, the program, which involved vigorous and intensive publicity, persistent individual contact, considerable effort
Editorial: Renal transplants from cadaver donors
Authors: H. H. Hussey
Journal: JAMA (1975)

An editorial in an earlier issue ofThe Journal(226: 1226, 1973) stated that, in contrast to other organ transplantation procedures, renal transplantation has passed the experimental and entered the therapeutic stage. That same issue carried "The 11th Report of the Human Renal Transplant Registry" (226:1197-1204, 1973) in which cadaver donors had come to comprise 63.4% of renal grafts reported to the registry. That percentage is misleading unless the reader understands that the registry is international. In the United States, cadaver donors provided only 52.6% of grafts whereas in Europe 78.8% and in Australasia 98.3% of renal grafts came from cadavers. In this issue ofThe Journal(p 882), Chatterjee et al describe their experience with efforts to obtain postmortem donor kidneys. During the period April 1973 to April 1974, eight-six patients were referred to the Los Angeles County—University of Southern California Medical Center as potential postmortem kidney donors under
Prevention of HCV infection in chimpanzees by hyperimmune serum against the hypervariable region 1 (HVR1); Emergence of neutralization escape mutants in vivo . Lab. of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, Bethesda, SmithKline Beecham, Belgium, Dept. Internal Medicine, Univ. of Cagliari, Italy, Transfusion Medicine, NIH, Bethesda, Bioqual, Rockville, MD
Journal: Hepatology (1995)
Pravastatin improves stress induced radionuclide myocardial perfusion abnormalities by six months: Coronary artery disease regression SPECT monitoring trial Ronald G. Schwartz, Thomas A. Pearson, Daniel J. Williford, Maria L. Mackin, Ashish Awasthi, Abrar Shah. University of Rochester School of Medicine &amp; Dentistry, Rochester, NY
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Outcomes of anlotinib plus nab-paclitaxel/gemcitabine as first-line treatment for patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma: A retrospective analysis in China.
Authors: Hongyang Wu, Nana Huang, Chenchen Zhao
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

556 Background: Anlotinib, a novel small molecule multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor that can effectively inhibit VEGFR, PDGFR, FGFR, C-KIT et al, is proved to have anti-tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth inhibition effects. However, Anlotinib exploration on advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is still limited. The motivation of this work is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib combined with nab-paclitaxel/gemcitabine in the first-line treatment of patients with advanced PDAC, and provide some evidence for the treatment regimens of advanced PDAC. Methods: This was a retrospective study in patients with advanced PDAC performed from Aug 17, 2019 to Apr 3, 2021. Patients who received anlotinib plus nab-paclitaxel/gemcitabine treatment were defined as Group 1, and patients who received nab-paclitaxel/gemcitabine as Group 2. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University (P2021-13-21). The response to treatment was evaluated according to RECIST version 1.1. In addition, adverse events were evaluated by CTCAE v5.0. Results: In this work, 33 patients were included, with 17 cases in Group 1 and 16 cases in Group 2. The median PFS (mPFS) of Group 1 and Group 2 were 5.0 (95% Cl, 4.97-5.94) months and 2.7 (95% Cl, 2.4-3.3) months, respectively ( P = 0.0220). The median OS (mOS) of Group 1 and Group 2 were 9.0 (95% Cl, 6.55-11.45) months and 6.0 (95% Cl, 1.08-10.92) months, respectively ( P=0.006). The PFS rate in 3 and 6 months and the OS rate in 6 and 12 months of Group 1 were significantly higher than that of Group 2. The most common grade 3 treatment related AEs (trAEs) were hematological toxicity, with 35.29% in Group1 and 31.25% in Group 2. Non-hematological toxicity were hypertension, hand-foot syndrome and diarrhea. No grade 3 or higher non-hematologic toxicity was observed in all patients. Conclusions: Anlotinib plus nab-paclitaxel/gemcitabine as first-line treatment demonstrates encouraging efficacy and manageable AE in patients with advanced PDAC. Clinical outcomes are improved with longer PFS and OS in anlotinib plus chemotherapy group. More data are needed to confirm the long-term efficacy and safety of anlotinib plus nab-paclitaxel/gemcitabine in advanced PDAC patients.
Intravenous infusion of basic fibroblast growth factor prevents monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats Atsushi Iwakura, Masatoshi Fujita, Yasuhiko Tabata, Akio Ikai, Tetsuhiko Yanazume, Masashi Komeda. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, College of Medical Technology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Physical activity promotes a healthy cardiovascular risk factor profile but is unrelated to the presence or extent of subclinical atherosclerosis Allen J. Taylor, Tammy Watkins, Debbie Bell, Jon Carrow, Jody Bindeman, Irwin M. Feuerstein, Henry Wong, Saroj Bhattarai, Patrick G. O'Malley. Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
The following articles for this Special Issue were published before this collection was released. They can be found in their respective issues or online.
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2021)

Volume 41, Number 3 The pleiotropic role of transcription factor STAT3 in oncogenesis and its targeting through natural products for cancer prevention and therapy Manoj Garg, Muthu K. Shanmugam, Vipul Bhardwaj, Akul Goel, Rajat Gupta, Arundhiti Sharma, Prakash Baligar, Alan Prem Kumar, Boon Cher Goh, Lingzhi Wang, and Gautam Sethi https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21761 Tripterygium wilfordii : An inspiring resource for rheumatoid arthritis treatment Yanqiong Zhang, Xia Mao, Weijie Li, Wenjia Chen, Xiaoyue Wang, Zhaochen Ma, and Na Lin https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21762 Protein corona formed in the gastrointestinal tract and its impacts on oral delivery of nanoparticles Tianxu Zhang, Guanyin Zhu, Boyao Lu, Zhiyong Qian, and Qiang Peng https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21767 Cardiac efficacy and toxicity of aconitine: A new frontier for the ancient poison Wei Zhou, Hong Liu, Li‐Zhen Qiu, Lan‐Xin Yue, Guang‐Jie Zhang, Hui‐Fang Deng, Yu‐Hao Ni, and Yue Gao https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21777
Correction to: Ponatinib efficiently kills imatinib-resistant chronic eosinophilic leukemia cells harboring gatekeeper mutant T674I FIP1L1-PDGFRα: roles of Mcl-1 and β-catenin
Authors: Yanli Jin, Ke Ding, Honglin Li, Mengzhu Xue, Xiaoke Shi, Chengyan Wang, Jingxuan Pan
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2021)
Evaluation of State-Led Surveillance of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome — Six U.S. States, 2018–2021
Authors: Shahla M. Jilani, Kristina West, Laura Jacobus-Kantor, Mir M. Ali, Alice Nyakeriga, Heather Lake-Burger, Meagan Robinson, A. Elise Barnes, Tracey Jewell, Shayne Gallaway
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2022)

Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a significant public health problem in the United States, which affects children as well as adults. During 2010-2017, maternal opioid-related diagnoses increased approximately 130%, from 3.5 to 8.2 per 1,000 hospital deliveries, and neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) increased 83%, from 4.0 to 7.3 per 1,000 hospital deliveries (1). NAS, a withdrawal syndrome, can occur among infants following in utero exposure to opioids and other psychotropic substances (2). In 2018, a study of six states with mandated NAS case reporting for public health surveillance (2013-2017) found that mandated reporting helped quantify NAS incidence and guide programs and services (3). To review surveillance features and programmatic development in the same six states, a questionnaire and interview with state health department officials on postimplementation efforts were developed and implemented in 2021. All states reported ongoing challenges with initial case reporting, limited capacity to track social and developmental outcomes, and no requirement for long-term follow-up in state-mandated case reporting; only one state instituted health-related outcomes monitoring. The primary surveillance barrier beyond initial case reporting was lack of infrastructure. To serve identified needs of opioid- or other substance-exposed mother-infant dyads, state health departments reported programmatic successes expanding education and access to maternal medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD), community and provider education or support services, and partnerships with perinatal quality collaboratives. Development of additional infrastructure is needed for states aiming to advance NAS surveillance beyond initial case reporting.
Improved identification of viable myocardium using second harmonic imaging during dobutamine stress testing: Comparison with fluorine-18 fluorodeoxiglucose SPECT Fabiola B. Sozzi, Don Poldermans, Jeroen J. Bax, Eleni C. Vourvouri, Wim B. Vletter, Alberico Borghetti, Diego Ardissino, Arend Schinkel, Jos R. T. C. Roelandt. Thoraxcenter, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Parma University, Parma, Italy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Clinical performance of Immunoscore in stage III colorectal cancer patients in the SCOT and IDEA-HORG cohorts.
Authors: David Church, Owen Sansom, Noori Maka, Joanne Edwards, Karin Oien, Timothy Iveson, Mark P. Saunders, Ioannis Boukovinas, Ippokratis Messaritakis, Eleni Moustou, Maria Chondrozoumaki, Vassilis Georgoulias, Alboukadel Kassambara, Aurelie Catteau, Jerome Galon, Laura Dempsey, Jennifer Hay, Caroline Kelly, Ioannis Sougklakos, Andrea Harkin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

196 Background: The ESMO clinical practice guidelines recommend consideration of Immunoscore (IS) for risk assessment of early colon cancer patients. IS clinical performance was assessed in the SCOT and IDEA-HORG trials evaluating 3 vs. 6 months (3m vs. 6m) of mFOLFOX6 adjuvant chemotherapy in stage III colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: 1,002 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor samples (762 from SCOT;240 from HORG) were collected, of which 851 were eligible for biomarker analysis. Eligible samples were classified into 2 groups using pre-defined cut-offs (IS-Low, IS- High) and the performance of IS to predict 3 year disease-free survival (3y-DFS) was evaluated. Results: IS was successfully assessed in 846 cases (99%). 615 (72.7%) samples were classified as IS-High (311 and 304 in 3m and 6m arm, respectively). No significant association between IS and patients’ gender, age, PS, BMI or primary tumour location was observed. However, a significant difference between IS-High (43.7%) and IS Low (57.1%) was observed in the proportion of high risk (T4 and/or N2) tumours (p=0.001). Patients with IS-High tumors had significantly longer 3y-DFS (79.4%, 95%CI: 75.9%-82.4%) compared to those with IS-Low tumors (65.0%, 95%CI: 58.3%-70.9%); adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.9 (95%CI: 1.46-2.46; p&lt;0.0001). Similarly, IS-High was significantly correlated with longer 3y-DFS in both treatment arms: 78.5% (95% CI 73.4%-82.7%) for IS-High and 65.8% (95% CI 56.1%-73.9%) for IS-Low in 3m arm; 80.3% (95% CI 75.3%-84.5%) for IS-High and 64.4% (95% CI 54.8%-72.6%) for IS-Low in 6m arm. The estimated HRs according to treatment duration and IS classification were 1.80 (95% CI 1.25-2.60) in 3m arm, 2.00 (95% CI 1.38-2.92) in 6m arm and 1.89 (95% CI 1.46-2.47) in the total study population; interaction p = 0.687. Conclusions: The results of this study confirm the prognostic value of IS observed in the IDEA-France trial (Pagès F et al 2020). However, this analysis was not powered to determine the predictive value of IS for treatment duration. Similar analysis of patients treated with CAPOX is warranted.
Effect of Interventions on Children's Blood Lead Levels
Authors: Steven R. Hilts, Susan E. Bock, Terry L. Oke, Cheryl L. Yates, Raymond A. Copes
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

Trail, Canada, has been the site of an active lead/zinc smelter for nearly a century. Since 1991, the Trail Community Lead Task Force has carried out blood lead screening, case management, education programs targeted at early childhood groups and the general community, community dust abatement, exposure pathways studies, and remedial trials. From 1989 through 1996, average blood lead levels of children tested for the first time declined at an average rate of 0.6 microg/dl/year, while blood lead levels in Canadian children not living near point sources appeared to be leveling off following the phase-out of leaded gasoline. Since there was no concurrent improvement in local environmental conditions during this time, it is possible that the continuing decline in Trail blood lead levels has been at least partly due to community-wide intervention programs. One year follow-up of children whose families received in-home educational visits, as well as assistance with home-based dust control measures, found that these specific interventions produced average blood lead changes of +0.5- -4.0 microg/dl, with statistically significant declines in 3 years out of 5. Education and dust control, particularly actions targeted toward higher risk children, appear to have served as effective and appropriate interim remedial measures while major source control measures have been implemented at the smelter site.
Echocardiography derived variables predict intolerability to carvedilol in chronic heart failure Faisal Al-Nasser, Wolfram Doehner, Agnieszka Kaczmarek, Piotr P. Ponikowski, Massimo F. Piepoli, Andrew J.S. Coats, Michael Henein. Cardiac Medicine, National Heart &amp; Lung Institute, Imperial College School of Medicine, London, United Kingdom
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Manual of Exercise ECG Testing
Journal: Thorax (1987)

We are also concerned about the lymph node sections that the authors had available for study from a series going back to 1949 and not collected specifically to display the lymph nodes.It is crucial to look for changes in and around the appropriate node or nodes when progressive massive fibrosis or secondary foci are confined to one area of the lung (as we illustrated in our paper), and this does not appear to have been considered in the Australian study.In our study we were aware that histological assessments were "under- estimating" changes in and around lymph nodes because of the difficulty of obtaining sufficient sections (for example, to include a branch of the pulmonary artery), and it is likely that this was also a problem in the study of Drs Leigh and Wiles.We agree that dust exposure (however estimated) is an important factor associated with progressive massive fibrosis and this has been demonstrated repeatedly.Yet dust exposure is not the only factor concerned and some men seem more "susceptible" than others.Our paper suggested a mechanism for the production of progressive massive fibrosis in individual men.We feel that careful prospective studies are now required to examine this hypothesis further.