tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 16785: Molecular Mechanisms of the Crosstalk Between Mitochondrial and NADPH Oxidase Derived Reactive Oxygen Species in White Blood Cells - Implications for Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Philip Wenzel, Swenja Schuhmacher, Matthias Oelze, Alexander Scholz, Steffen Daub, Maike Knorr, Ning Xia, Christian Otto, Benjamin Opitz, Eberhard Schulz, Huige Li, Karl Lackner, Thomas Münzel, Andreas Daiber
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Many diseases and drug-induced complications are associated or even based on an imbalance between the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) and antioxidant enzymes catalyzing the break-down of these harmful oxidants. Previously we and others have reported on a crosstalk between different sources of oxidative stress. With the present study we sought to determine the underlying mechanism for this crosstalk. Methods and results: Human neutrophils were used to study the induction of Nox-dependent oxidative burst by mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) in response to antimycin A or myxothiazol. Activation of Nox2 was measured by extracellular detection of ROS by a peroxidase-coupled chemiluminescence assay. We used different inhibitors for the involved signaling cascade such as cyclosporine A (inhibits the mitochondrial permeability transition pore [mPTP]), chelerythine (inhibitor of protein kinase C) and apocynin (inhibitor of NADPH oxidase). All of these inhibitors suppressed the antimycin A/myxothiazol-triggered extracellular ROS signal, whereas exogenous hydrogen peroxide mimicked the effect of mitochondrial ROS formation and caused extracellular superoxide formation (lucigenin ECL). According to preliminary data, this crosstalk between mtROS and NADPH oxidase was also suppressed in white blood cells from mice deficient of p47phox (an essential subunit for activation of Nox2) or cyclophilin D (a regulatory subunit of the mPTP), whereas this crosstalk was amplified in white blood cells from GPx-1 deficient mice or from MnSOD+/- mice. We also observed that increases in blood pressure, in endothelial dysfunction as well as in NADPH oxidase activity were more pronounced in MnSOD+/- mice as compared to their wild type littermates. Conclusions: Previous data have demonstrated that NADPH oxidase derived ROS/RNS stimulate mitochondrial oxidative stress contributing to overall angiotensin-II dependent cellular dysfunction. Our data now show that mitochondrial ROS trigger the activation of NADPH oxidase, which may have severe effects on progression of cardiovascular diseases representing a feedback loop creating a vicious circle of oxidative stress.
Abstract 9272: Tachy-Brady Syndrome: The Critical Role of Adenosine-induced Sino-Atrial Conduction Block in Post-Tachycardia Pauses
Authors: Alexey V Glukhov, Pedro Vargas-Pinto, George E Billman, Cynthia A Carnes, Vadim V Fedorov
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: In patients with sino-atrial nodal (SAN) dysfunction, long pauses lasting several seconds are often observed after rapid atrial pacing or paroxysmal tachycardia. Clinical studies suggest that adenosine may play an important role in the SAN dysfunction observed during metabolically compromised myocardial states, but the mechanism is unclear. Methods: We studied SAN dysfunction produced by a combination of adenosine and fast atrial pacing in an isolated coronary-perfused canine SAN preparation using high resolution optical mapping (n=7). Sinus cycle length (SCL) and direct SA conduction time (SACT) were measured during perfusion of Adenosine (1-100 µM, n=6), selective A1 receptor agonist CCPA (1-3 µM, n=3), and A1 antagonist DPCPX (1-3 µM, n=4). Corrected SAN recovery time (cSNRT) was measured after 1 minute of slow atrial pacing (3.3 Hz) and tachypacing (7-8 Hz). Results: Adenosine and CCPA significantly increased the SCL (469±66 vs. 674±175 ms, p=0.03), and SACT (44±11 vs. 94±15 ms, p&lt;0.001) dose-dependently, as well as increasing cSNRT after slow atrial pacing (from 70±28 ms to 232±63 ms, p&lt;0.001). Moreover, at high drug concentrations, termination of atrial tachypacing produced pauses up to 3.3±4.4 sec in 5 out 7 preparations due to complete conduction block between the SAN and atria, despite a stable SAN intrinsic rate (figure). Conduction block was preferentially related to depressed excitability in SAN conduction pathways. DPCPX restored the adenosine-induced changes of SCL, SACT and cSNRT back to control. Conclusion: These data directly demonstrate that post-tachycardia atrial pauses during adenosine perfusion resulted from depressed conduction between the SAN and atria (exit block) rather than from slowed pacemaker automaticity. Thus, these data suggest an important modulatory role for adenosine in tachy-brady syndrome: particularly in patients with ischemia or heart failure, conditions known to increase adenosine production.
Training and trials--building a future
Authors: T. M. Drake, M. Bath, H. A. Claireaux, C. Kong, C. Khatri, L. McNamee, M. Mohan
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The debate about research training is not confined to postgraduate surgical trainees.1 As medical students, we too would like to learn how to recruit into and participate in clinical trials across all specialties. When we graduate, we will be expected to make diagnoses, order tests, and start treatment. The General Medical Council’s “Tomorrow’s Doctors” guidance emphasises the …
Mitomycin C in combination with capecitabine (Mi-Cap) as chemotherapy in breast cancer patients with extensive liver metastases and impaired hepatic function: A non-randomized multicentre phase II study
Authors: S. Loibl, M. Schmidt, F. Marquardt, J. Huober, J. Bischoff, G. von Minckwitz, K. M. Mehta, M. Kaufmann
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

19597 Background: Breast cancer patients with an impaired liver function due to liver metastases have very limited, evidence based treatment options. Based on our experience with mitomycin C, 5Fu and folinate (Loibl et al. 2004), we wanted to improve this schedule by including the oral antimetabolite capecitabine. Methods: Breast cancer patients (pts) with liver metastases and elevated liver enzymes defined as AST/ALT = 3×UNL (group A) or liver enzymes = 1.5×UNL and AP = 3×UNL (group B) were enrolled. Further inclusion criteria were as follows: bidimensionally measurable disease, normal hematological values (WBCs = 3×109/L; platelets = 100×109/L; hemoglobin = 10 g/dL), normal renal function. A three weekly cycle with Mitomycin C 8 mg/m 2 i.v. on day 1, capecitabine 2,000 mg/m 2 day 1–14 and prednison 5 mg day 1–5 orally was given. Primary endpoint is the progression free survival (PFS) measured from the planned 44 eligible patients who received at least one cycle of Mi-Cap. Results: Between April 2004 and December 2006, 35 patients with a median age of 57.1 years (range, 39–76) were enrolled. 29 pts. received an adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy of whom 20 received anthracyclines and 6 a taxane containing regimen. 9 pts. had no chemotherapy for metastatic disease and 9 pts. had 3 or more chemotherapies for metastatic disease. At the start of chemotherapy 24 pts belonged to group A and 11 to group B and 12 pts had hyperbilirubinemia. 20 pts had liver involvement only. So far 109 cycles had been given. 29 pts. received more than one cycle, 6 pts. received the 6 preplanned cycles so far. Myelosuppression and hand foot syndrome are the most frequent toxicities. 4 patients had a documented partial remission, 18 patients had stable disease or are still under treatment, and 13 patients progressed during treatment. The median time to progression is 6.4 months in all patients who received at least one cycle. The median overall survival for the total population was 8.3 months. Conclusion: Mi-Cap can be safely given. Initial observations show that pts with a decrease in liver enzymes or bilirubin in the first two cycles had a longer PFS. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 14192: Complications Associated with Venipuncture During Cardiac Device Implantation are Significantly Reduced with Utilization of Micropuncture Needle
Authors: David J Nicholson, Michael Flisak, Islam Abudayyeh, Jamil Dihu, Parag V Patel
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Complications after vascular access for pacemaker implantation such as hematoma, pneumothorax, hemothorax, and arterial puncture range from 6.2 to 10.7% using a standard 18 gauge need...
Isotopic Carbon: Techniques in Its Measurement and Chemical Manipulation
Authors: Melvin Calvin
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1384: Gene Deficiency of Lnk Upregulates Cardiac Myoangiogenesis via Enhancing Proliferation of Bone Marrow-Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Cardiac Stem Cells Post Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Miki Horii, Hiroto Iwasaki, Atsuhiko Kawamoto, Hiromi Nishimura, Akira Oyamada, Masaaki Ii, Shigefumi Suehiro, Takayuki Asahara
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Maintenance of Long-Term Clinical Benefit With Sirolimus-Eluting Stents in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Roberto Violini, Carmine Musto, Francesco De Felice, Marco Stefano Nazzaro, Alberta Cifarelli, Tommasangelo Petitti, Rosario Fiorilli
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Abstract 716: ISIS 401025, a Second Generation Antisense Oligonucleotide Targeting Prothrombin, Inhibits Plasma Prothrombin Level and Promotes Anticoagulation in Mice
Authors: Brett Monia, Hong Zhang, Chenguang Zhao, Andy Siwkowski, Sue Freier, Donna Witchell
Journal: Circulation (2007)

The objective of the study was to evaluate the potential of antisense oligonucleotides as drugs for anticoagulation. The popularly used anticoagulants, warfarin, heparin, and low molecular weight h...
Gender-Related Differences in Presentation, Treatment, and Outcome of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation in Europe
Authors: Nikolaos Dagres, Robby Nieuwlaat, Panos E. Vardas, Dietrich Andresen, Samuel Lévy, Stuart Cobbe, Dimitrios Th. Kremastinos, Günter Breithardt, Dennis V. Cokkinos, Harry J.G.M. Crijns
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
Effect on survival of treatment associated deep vein thrombosis in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients
Authors: M. Zangari, B. Barlogie, F. Cavallo, E. Anaissie, K. Hollmig, A. Manns, S. Karri, A. Mohiuddin, M. Pineda-Roman, V. Bolejack, G. Tricot
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

7549 Background: Cancer patients experiencing thromboembolic disease have a poor prognosis. We report the effect on survival of treatment-associated DVT in myeloma patients. Methods: 668 newly diagnosed patients with progressive or symptomatic MM were enrolled in our Total Therapy 2 study, which included induction phase with VAD, DCEP, CAD and DCEP followed by high dose chemotherapy and tandem transplants. Patients were randomly assigned to receive Thalidomide or not during the whole treatment. Both arms otherwise received identical chemotherapy. Patients were followed and when clinically indicated underwent radiological studies to confirm a suspected DVT. If present, they were treated with low-molecular weight heparin followed by warfarin. Results: With a median follow up of 47 months a total of 158 patients experienced DVT; the median age was 57 years, 59% were male, 24% were IgA, 197 patients (30%) had abnormal cytogenetics (CA) including 100 patients with deletion of chromosome 13. The baseline characteristics were balanced between patients with and without DVT, with the exception of female gender, which was more prominent in the non DVT group (32% vs 46%, p = .018) on thalidomide, whereas CRP ≥ 8 mg/dl (57% vs 33%, p = .001), and IL6 &gt; 9 pg/ml (47% vs 14%, p &lt; .001) were more frequently observed in the DVT group on no thalidomide. Within each arm of the trial no significant differences in prognostic factors for survival (chromosomal abnormalities, low albumin level, β2-microglobulin, CRP) were seen. DVT status did not affect EFS (p = .3) or OS (p = .3) for the entire group, but a statistically longer EFS (p = .03) was observed in patients who developed a thromboembolic episode in the non thalidomide arm. No effect on survival (EFS p = .3; OS p = .95) was seen in the thalidomide arm. Conclusions: Development of DVT in newly diagnosed myeloma patients treated with chemotherapy ± thalidomide, does not affect overall survival. Patients not exposed to thalidomide who developed thrombosis during chemotherapy had significantly longer EFS. Our observation supports a survival benefit associated with anticoagulation therapy in cancer patients. [Table: see text]
Atlas and Epitome of Diseases of the Skin.
Authors: Franz Mraček, Henry W. Stelwagon, J. Fink, A. Schmitson
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Book: On-the-Job Training for Physicians
Authors: R. Harling
Journal: BMJ (1999)

David H Hargreaves, Geoff W Southworth, Paula Stanley, Simon J Ward Royal Society of Medicine Press, £17.50, pp 151 ISBN 1 85315 325 7 ——————— Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> How can satisfactory training be provided in limited time when there are competing demands from clinical workload? This is the perennial question that this book sets out to address. The authors argue that the answer is to “make learning of medicine more effective and … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Assessment of depression in mentally retarded adults
Authors: A E Kazdin, J L Matson, V Senatore
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

Depression and psychopathology were assessed in 110 adult patients (ages 18-71 years) classified as borderline, mildly, moderately, or severely mentally retarded. Patients completed modified versions of the Beck Depression Inventory, the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale, the MMPI depression scale, the Thematic Apperception Test, and the Psychopathology Instrument for Mentally Retarded Adults. Clinicians and ward personnel rated the patients on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and an informant version of the Psychopathology Instrument for Mentally Retarded Adults. The measures correlated significantly with each other and were consistently related to the diagnosis of depression.
Skeletal related events in breast cancer patients with metastatic bone diseas
Authors: N. Naqi, M. Ilyas, R. Hashim
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

713 Background: In breast cancer patients with bony metastasis Bisphosphonate therapy is established to be of benefit in reducing the skeletal related events (SRE's). It is not known whether the postmenopausal or the premenopausal patients benefit more. This study was done to assess the implication of menopausal status modifying the SRE's and response to Clodronate (Bonefos) therapy. Methods: Fifty breast cancer patients with metastatic bone disease categorised in two groups were followed up on Clodronate therapy over one year for SRE's. Group A constituting twenty-five pre and Group B twenty-five postmenopausal breast cancer patients. Patients with the visceral spread, arthritis, osteoporosis, hormone therapy and less than one year since last menstrual cycle were excluded. Intravenous infusion of Clodronate 1500mg was given at monthly intervals. Patients were followed up at monthly interval with emphasis on history and scoring for skeletal pain, radiographic studies when required and check for serum calcium level. Isotope bone scanning and radiological survey was done on initial diagnosis, at six months and end of one year. Results: Forty-two patients were available for evaluation completing one year on therapy. In twenty evaluable in Group A, eight complained of skeletal pain and two of them had pathological fracture and were given radiation. In the rest of six two had significant pain relief (> 50% on pain score) with Clodronate, while four required radiotherapy for pain control. In Group B, twenty two evaluated for SRE's, four had pathological fracture and pain thus requiring radiation. Twelve complained of skeletal pain only with two requiring radiotherapy to relieve pain and remaining ten had significant pain relief with Clodronate therapy. Hypercalcemia was seen in one in group A and three in group B before beginning of therapy, all became normocalcemic with single infusion of Clodronate. Conclusions: In a follow up of one year postmenopausal breast cancer patients with bony metastasis have higher rate of SRE's and tend to benefit more than in premenopausal patients with Clodronate therapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Rehabilitation in Chronic Renal Failure.
Authors: Samuel B. Chyatte
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

This book is edited by the late Dr Samuel B. Chyatte, himself a sufferer from end-stage renal disease, who died in July 1978 after about three years of treatment  maintenance hemodialysis. The first three chapters deal  the cause, pathophysiology, and general treatment of chronic renal failure, including the principles of dialysis, transplantation, and dietary management. Then follows a chapter written by the editor himself, in which rehabilitation is described as the complex process of achieving psychological, vocational, and societal adjustment, ideally through the efforts of a team that includes the rehabilitation physician, the physical and occupational therapist, the social worker, the psychiatrist or psychologist, and the vocational rehabilitation counselor. There are detailed discussions of the overall physical and psychological evaluation and management of the dialysis patient,  special emphasis on counseling and vocational rehabilitation, on dietary management, and on problems peculiar to children and adolescents. The book should be of considerable value to all personnel working  dialysis patients. Physicians may find that much of the information pro¬ vided in the earlier part of the book is somewhat elementary, and they may also conclude that a great deal of the so-called rehabilitation data-base is excessive. The chapters on psycholog¬ ical factors, counseling, and vocation¬ al rehabilitation, however, should prove most valuable. There are useful reminders that much may be achieved by simple physical methods but also that the hemodialysis patient has far greater needs and that with sensitiv¬ ity,  willingness, and  skills
Prognostic Significance of Periprocedural Versus Spontaneously Occurring Myocardial Infarction After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Abhiram Prasad, Bernard J. Gersh, Michel E. Bertrand, A. Michael Lincoff, Jeffrey W. Moses, E. Magnus Ohman, Harvey D. White, Stuart J. Pocock, Brent T. McLaurin, David A. Cox, Alexandra J. Lansky, Roxana Mehran, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
Reply
Authors: Kate Walker, Isabel dos Santos Silva
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

In Response: We thank Lagiou and colleagues for their insightful letter in which they discuss indirect evidence in support of a possible negative association between circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) and breast cancer risk. There is insufficient direct evidence to determine whether or not IGF-II levels influence the risk of breast cancer. To our knowledge, only two small prospective studies have examined the role of IGF-II levels in breast cancer risk with inconsistent results (1, 2). Similarly, few studies have examined the role of IGF-II in mammographic density. Lagiou and colleagues discussed our finding of an unexpected negative association between IGF-II levels and density in premenopausal women, but, as we highlighted in our article, this finding should be interpreted with caution because the association disappeared on adjustment for body mass index. Moreover, no association between IGF-II levels and density was found in another study of premenopausal women (3), although findings from studies conducted among postmenopausal women are more consistent with a possible inverse association (3, 4).Lagiou and colleagues reported higher levels of umbilical cord blood IGF-II in Asians compared with Caucasians. Interestingly, cross-sectional studies suggest that such ethnic gradients may not persist into adulthood, with young adult Asians having significantly lower circulating levels of this growth factor than Caucasians (5), perhaps reflecting ethnic differences in body composition and other lifestyle variables. Similarly, Afro-Caribbean postmenopausal women, known to have a lower breast cancer risk than Caucasians, have been shown to have lower levels of IGF-II (4). In fact, ethnic difference in circulating levels of IGF-II, as well as in levels of IGF-I, IGF-binding protein 3 (IGFBP3), and sex steroid hormones, explained little of the ethnic gradient in mammographic density, which, as expected, was higher among Caucasian than Afro-Caribbean women (4). Unfortunately, no similar comparisons have been carried out among premenopausal women.We agree with Lagiou and colleagues that the associations between IGF-II, mammographic density, and breast cancer risk have thus far been vastly overlooked, and based on the findings of studies of IGF-I and IGFBP3, they should be investigated separately in pre- and postmenopausal women.No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.
Cardiac Fibroblasts Regulate Myocardial Proliferation and Ventricular Formation Through β1 Integrin Signaling
Authors: Masaki Ieda
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Abstract 472 Masaki Ieda, Takatoshi Tsuchihashi, Kathryn Ivey, Deepak Srivastava, Gladstone Inst of Cardiovascular Disease, Univ of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA Masaki Ieda, 2008 Fi...