tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hemodynamics of the stage 12 to stage 29 chick embryo.
Authors: NHu, E BClark
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

The heart is the first functioning organ in the embryo and provides blood flow during cardiac morphogenesis from a muscle-wrapped tube a few cells thick to the four-chambered pump. We described the hemodynamics of the chick embryo from stage 12 (50 hours of a 21-day incubation) to stage 29 (6 days), during which the embryo weight increased 120-fold. We measured ventricular, embryo and extraembryonic vascular bed wet weights, dorsal aortic blood flow with a directional pulsed-Doppler velocity meter, and ventricular and vitelline arterial blood pressures with a servo-null micropressure system. The data are reported as mean +/- SEM. With rapid development and morphogenesis, dorsal aortic blood flow increased from 0.015 +/- 0.004 to 2.40 +/- 0.20 mm3/sec parallel to the geometric increase of wet embryo weight from 2.22 +/- 0.10 to 267.5 +/- 9.7 mg. Dorsal aortic blood flow normalized for embryo and extraembryonic weight remained relatively constant (Y = 2.13 + 0.02X, r = 0.23, SEE = 0.03). Stroke volume incre...
Abstract 10316: Association of Metabolic Syndrome With Sudden Death
Authors: Murrium I Sadaf, Mojtaba Mirzaei, Brittany Bogle, Nisha Hosadurg, Golsa Joodi, Ross J Simpson
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) comprises physiological, biochemical and clinical factors that increase cardiovascular disease risk. Specific studies examining the risk of MetS associated wit...
Pathophysiological consequences of atherosclerosis extend into the coronary microcirculation. Restoration of endothelium-dependent responses by L-arginine.
Authors: LKuo, M JDavis, M SCannon, W MChilian
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

The goals of this study were 1) to quantitate the effects of atherosclerosis on physiological and pharmacological endothelium-dependent vasoactive responses in coronary arterioles downstream from arterial lesions and 2) to determine if administration of L-arginine, the precursor for endothelium-derived was induced in pigs, and vasomotor responses of isolated, cannulated coronary arterioles (30-70 microns in diameter) were assessed by measuring diameter changes in vitro. To assess pharmacological alterations of endothelium-dependent responses, dose-response curves were constructed to ADP, serotonin, and histamine. To assess physiological alterations in endothelial function, different flow rates were established across the vessel. Arteriolar diameters were measured in vessels from normal and atherosclerotic pigs under control conditions, after administration of L-arginine, and after endothelial denudation. In arterioles from normal pigs, administration of serotonin, histamine, or ADP produced dose-dependent...
Postsystolic shortening of acutely ischemic canine myocardium predicts early and late recovery of function after coronary artery reperfusion.
Authors: MTakayama, R MNorris, M ABrown, L CArmiger, J TRivers, H DWhite
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Postsystolic shortening and thickening of ischemic and postischemic myocardium are well-recognized phenomena, but their significance is controversial. To discover whether postsystolic shortening and thickening might represent an active process and to establish their place as possible predictors of functional recovery during and after recovery from ischemia, we examined correlations in severely ischemic dyskinetic myocardial segments in 14 open-chest anesthetized dogs (90 minutes' ischemia, n = 9; 180 minutes' ischemia, n = 5) between the magnitudes of postsystolic shortening and thickening during ischemia and either the magnitudes of systolic shortening and thickening in the same segments before coronary occlusion or the magnitudes of shortening and thickening at 30-60 minutes and at 2-3 weeks after reperfusion. We found positive correlations between preocclusion shortening and postsystolic shortening (r = 0.44, n = 33 myocardial segments; p less than 0.02) and between preocclusion thickening and postsyst...
Reentrant ventricular arrhythmias in the late myocardial infarction period. 9. Electrophysiologic-anatomic correlation of reentrant circuits.
Authors: RMehra, R HZeiler, W BGough, NEl-Sherif
Journal: Circulation (1983)

We studied isochronal maps of ventricular activation during ventricular arrhythmias induced by programmed premature stimulation in dogs 3-5 days after ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. The entire epicardial surface and selective intramural sites were recorded using a computerized multiplexing technique. The electrophysiologic data were correlated with the anatomic characteristics of the infarction. In nine of 17 dogs (55%), the induced ventricular rhythm was due to reentrant activation in the surviving epicardial layer overlying the infarction. The irregular epicardial layer (up to 4 mm thick) had grossly intact myocardial fibers on microscopic examination but showed abnormal electrophysiologic characteristics. The stimulated premature beat that initiated reentry produced a continuous arc of functional conduction block within the surviving epicardial layer. The activation wave front circulated slowly around both ends of the arc of block, rejoined on the distal side of the arc befor...
Can physical activity mitigate the effects of aging in middle-aged women?
Authors: J FOwens, K AMatthews, R RWing, L HKuller
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDAging is associated with an increased risk of women dying from coronary heart disease as well as from all causes combined. Alterations in the major biological risk factors for early coronary heart disease and all-cause mortality are frequently seen in aging.METHODS AND RESULTSThe present investigation tested the hypothesis that high levels of physical activity could protect against age-associated changes in biological risk factor levels. In the Healthy Women Study, 507 women were evaluated at study entry and 3 years later. Weekly physical activity level was measured at each examination via the Paffenbarger Physical Activity Questionnaire. During the 3-year period, women increased significantly in weight, blood pressure, levels of total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and insulin and decreased significantly in levels of total high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and HDL2-C.CONCLUSIONSConsistent with the study hypothesis, women who reported higher levels of activity...
Effects of graded increases in pulmonary vascular pressures on lung fluid balance in unanesthetized sheep.
Authors: R EParker, R JRoselli, T RHarris, K LBrigham
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

Fourteen experiments were conducted on 12 chronically instrumented unanesthetized sheep in which we monitored pulmonary arterial, left atrial, and aortic pressures, lung lymph flow, and lymph-to-plasma ratios (L/P) of total proteins and four endogenous protein fractions during baseline and progressive elevations of left atrial pressure. We found that L/P for total proteins decreased as lung lymph flow increased until lymph flow exceeded four to five times baseline and thereafter remained nearly constant (filtration independent) at 0.26. The four protein fractions exhibited a filtration independent L/P that was related to the effective molecular radius of the protein fraction. The minimal L/P were 0.36, 0.28, 0.18, and 0.09 for the protein fractions that had effective molecular radii of 36, 38.5, 59, and 101 A, respectively. In addition, we found no evidence supporting a stretched pore phenomenon over the pressure range utilized in this investigation.
Determinants of myocardial hemorrhage after coronary reperfusion in the anesthetized dog.
Authors: L AHigginson, FWhite, H AHeggtveit, T MSanders, C MBloor, J WCovell
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Intramyocardial hemorrhage often occurs with reperfusion in experimental acute myocardial infarction and is thought to be associated with extension of necrosis. To determine if hemorrhage was associated with extension of necrosis, 20 anesthetized dogs were reperfused after 6 hours of circumflex coronary artery occlusion and 10 others had control occlusion with no reperfusion. Fifteen of the 20 reperfused dogs had gross hemorrhage and none of the control dogs did. In 12 reperfused and 10 control dogs, radioactive microspheres were injected after coronary occlusion to quantitate collateral flow and in the reperfusion group microspheres were injected to quantitative reflow. Complete flow data were available in eight reperfused and 10 control dogs. Twenty-four hours after coronary occlusion, 1-g segments of infarct and control regions were analyzed for hemorrhage, collateral flow and creatine kinase activity. Serial microscopic examination was performed in eight additional dogs reperfused after 6 hours to det...
Role of endogenous adenosine in postdefibrillation bradyarrhythmia and hemodynamic depression.
Authors: R CWesley, LBelardinelli
Journal: Circulation (1989)

In halothane-nitrous oxide-anesthetized pigs, the effect of the competitive adenosine antagonist, BW-A1433U (a derivative of 1,3-dipropyl-8-phenylxanthine), on postdefibrillation bradyarrhythmia and hemodynamic depression was investigated. In protocol 1, repetitive episodes of ventricular fibrillation lasting 15 seconds before transthoracic DC shock were performed in five animals, before (control) and after the administration of BW-A1433U (5 mg/kg i.v.). An unsuccessful initial shock was immediately followed by a rescue shock of 40 A. In ventricular fibrillation episodes requiring rescue shocks, nine of 19 episodes (47%) exhibited second- or third-degree atrioventricular block at 15 seconds postdefibrillation compared with only one of 16 BW-A1433U episodes (6%). In protocol 2, the effect of BW-A1433U was determined in the presence of dipyridamole, a nucleoside uptake blocker known to potentiate the cardiac actions of adenosine. To counter the hypotensive effect of dipyridamole, methoxamine was continuousl...
Hay-Fever Treatment by Dunbar's Remedies (Pollantin).
Authors: Dunbar Roy
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Atlanta, Ga., Aug. 5. 1906. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I note with interest the letter from Dr. Ingals inThe Journal, August 4, in reference to the results obtained from the use of pollantin in hay-fever cases. Hay fever seems to be just as frequent in the south as it does in other portions of our country, and I doubt not that it is dependent on the same line of causes. I have used pollantin now for two seasons in a limited number of cases, but must say that I have experienced no decided results one way or the other. I have heard of one or two hay-fever sufferers in our city who have used the remedy with good results, but this I have not been able to verify personally. One or two of my patients thought they at first received some benefit, but later said that it did no more
Modulation of expression of monocyte/macrophage plasminogen activator activity and its implications for attenuation of vasculopathy.
Authors: C HLundgren, HSawa, B ESobel, SFujii
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDThe binding of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) to its receptor (uPAR) on cell surfaces has the potential to influence degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM). Thus, uPA bound to monocyte/macrophages and its interactions with plasminogen activator inhibitors types 1 and 2 (PAI-1 and PAI-2) may modify atherogenesis by altering cell-associated proteolytic activity, degradation of ECM, and neointimal formation at sites of vascular injury.METHODS AND RESULTSTo determine whether the expression of proteins on the surface of cells involved in fibrinolysis changes in human cells in response to mediators implicated in atherogenesis, we exposed U937 cells (an immortal human monocyte-like cell line) to transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and to thrombin. Induction of uPAR mRNA occurred with TGF-beta (5 ng/mL) in a time-dependent fashion (P = .05; n = 4). Thrombin (5 National Institutes of Health [NIH] U/mL) increased uPAR mRNA by 2.8-fold above control (n = 4) without altering PAI-1 mRNA...
Shared heritability of human face and brain shape
Authors: Sahin Naqvi, Yoeri Sleyp, Hanne Hoskens, Karlijne Indencleef, Jeffrey P. Spence, Rose Bruffaerts, Ahmed Radwan, Ryan J. Eller, Stephen Richmond, Mark D. Shriver, John R. Shaffer, Seth M. Weinberg, Susan Walsh, James Thompson, Jonathan K. Pritchard, Stefan Sunaert, Hilde Peeters, Joanna Wysocka, Peter Claes
Journal: Nature Genetics (2021)
Beclomethasone in Steroid-Dependent Asthma
Authors: D. Robert Webb
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Beclomethasone dipropionate was administered by aerosol to 30 patients whose chronic bronchial asthma required oral corticosteroid therapy. During the initial 12 weeks of the trial, beclomethasone therapy could be discontinued in 12 of 16 patients in contrast to only one of 14 patients receiving the inert aerosol placebo. Patients receiving the placebo were then given beclomethasone, and prednisone therapy was discontinued in five more. During six months of observation, adrenal function improved and steroid toxic reactions decreased in patients in whom oral corticosteroid therapy had been discontinued. Beclomethasone aerosol was generally well-tolerated. Asymptomatic thrush developed in four patients and rhinitis developed in ten patients as prednisone therapy was discontinued. (<i>JAMA</i>238:1508-1511, 1977)
Right and left heart size and function in infants with symptomatic coarctation.
Authors: T PGraham, G FAtwood, R CBoerth, R JBoucek, C WSmith
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Right and left heart volumes, ejection fractions and ventricular outputs were determined from biplane cineangiocardiograms in infants with symptomatic coarctation of the aorta and correlated with clinical and hemodynamic alterations. Patients were divided into two age groups: group 1, aged 3.5 to 14 days and group 2, 5 weeks to 7 1/2 months. Infants in group 1 had severe depressions of left ventricular ejection fraction and output associated with normal left ventricular size. The massive cardiomegaly in these infants results from right heart enlargement secondary to left-to-right atrial shunting, and pulmonary hypertensive right heart failure, and possibly a more distensible right than left ventricle. Infants in group 2 also have right, and to a lesser degree, left heart enlargement. Group 2 patients differ from group 1 infants in having less impairment of left heart pump function and significant left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy. Echocardiographic measurements of left ventricular pump function are ...
Accelerated thrombolysis and reperfusion in a canine model of myocardial infarction by liposomal encapsulation of streptokinase.
Authors: P DNguyen, E AO'Rear, A EJohnson, EPatterson, T LWhitsett, RBhakta
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

The aim of thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction with plasminogen activators such as streptokinase is to lyse the coronary thrombus and reestablish blood flow as quickly as possible so that heart tissue loss is minimized and mortality rates are improved. Streptokinase has been encapsulated in large unilamellar phospholipid vesicles and tested in an animal model of acute myocardial infarction. The time required to restore vessel patency has been reduced more than 50% when compared with findings for free streptokinase. The total dosage of streptokinase required was lower, and smaller remnant thrombi were observed with the encapsulated agent. Results from this initial unoptimized study may have significant implications for further reduction in mortality from heart attacks by therapy with plasminogen activators.
Termination of ventricular tachycardia by an increase in cardiac vagal drive.
Authors: M BWaxman, R WWald
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Out of 12 patients in whom phenylephrine terminated ventricular tachycardia, four were selected for detailed studies of its mechanism of action. Pretreatment with edrophonium (15-20 mg, i.v.) decreased, while atropine (2.4 mg, i.v.) increased by at least a factor of two, the dose of phenylephrine required to break ventricular tachycardia. Carotid sinus massage following pretreatment with edrophonium in unusually high (15-20 mg, i.v.) doses broke ventricular tachycardia in all four patients. The evidence presented supports the assumption that a vagal mechanism caused both instances of termination. These findings significantly alter our interpretation of vagal interventions in the bedside clinical diagnosis of wide QRS complex tachycardias.
Delayed Bleeding &amp; Intra-Tunnel Hematoma After Poem: Salvage Endoscopy Management With Full Recovery
Authors: I Omella, D de Frutos, J Santiago, B Agudo, B Tormo, L Gomez-Pimpollo, P Matallanos, MS Delgado, E Blazquez, M Artillo, M Bote, A Herreros de Tejada
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Per Oral Endoscopy Miotomy (POEM) is a safe technique, and major adverse effects (AE) are commonly <5 % in largest series. Delayed bleeding with intra-tunnel hematoma is uncommonly reported in literature. If suspected due to sudden dysphagia, chest pain, hematemesis and/or drop of hemoglobin, urgent chest CT can confirm this serious AE. Salvage endoscopy within 24-48h for mechanical removal of intra-tunnel clot and local hemostasia of bleeding vessels can prevent ischemic phenomena and stop bleeding, allowing complete recovery.
A randomized comparison of crystalloid and blood-containing cardioplegic solutions in 60 patients.
Authors: E EButtner, R BKarp, J GReves, SOparil, CBrummett, H GMcDaniel, L RSmith, GKreusch
Journal: Circulation (1984)

To determine whether adding blood to a cardioplegic solution affects myocardial preservation, a randomized prospective study was carried out in 60 patients undergoing coronary revascularization to compare the effects of crystalloid potassium cardioplegics (group C) and potassium cardioplegic solutions to which blood has been added (group B) on markers of myocardial metabolism (lactate, inorganic phosphate, base deficit release, glucose and lactate uptake, oxygen extraction), myocardial damage (creatine kinase [CK]-MB levels), and cardiac performance (cardiac index and left atrial pressure). The solution with added blood had a significantly (p less than .05) greater oxygen content, a lower pH, and higher concentrations of potassium, calcium, sodium, and glucose. In group B patients there was a suggestion (p less than .06) of greater uptake of oxygen during the beginning of the initial cardioplegic infusion. During reperfusion there was no evidence of differential release of the metabolites of anaerobiosis ...
Comparative sequence of myosin light chains from normal and hypertrophied human hearts.
Authors: CKlotz, J JLeger, MElzinga
Journal: Circulation Research (1982)

Myosin light  from normal and hypertrophied human hearts were partially sequenced in order to see whether structural modifications of these light subunits could provide a molecular basis for the changes observed in heart properties and in myosin enzymatic activity. Normal light  were prepared form hearts taken at autopsy, weighing 350 g or less and apparently devoid of myocardial disease. Hypertrophied cardiac myosin light chains were prepared from two greatly hypertrophied hearts, weighing 600 and750 g. No amino acid substitutions, deletions, or additions were observed in the light  from hypertrophied hearts. The third light chain previously reported in human cardiac myosin and related to hypertrophy was found to be a proteolytic product of LC2. The comparison between human and beef cardiac myosin light  indicated that the sequences of these subunits of the myosin molecule are highly conserved.
Effect of the Application of Different High-Definition (HD) Colonoscopy Systems Combined With Virtual Chromoendoscopy on the Adenoma Detection Rate – a Non-Inferiority Pilot Study
Authors: BD Lovasz, A Finta, M Szalai, L Oczella, L Madacsy
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims We aimed to evaluate adenoma detection rate (ADR) in consecutive patients investigated with the HD colonoscopy system of AOHUA and to compare the results to our previous colonoscopy series performed with HD FUJIFILM colonoscopy system.
Talimogene laherparepvec upregulates immune-cell populations in non-injected lesions: findings from a phase II, multicenter, open-label study in patients with stage IIIB–IVM1c melanoma
Authors: Josep Malvehy, Igor Samoylenko, Dirk Schadendorf, Ralf Gutzmer, Jean-Jacques Grob, Joseph J Sacco, Kevin S Gorski, Abraham Anderson, Cheryl A Pickett, Kate Liu, Helen Gogas
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2021)

Background Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC), an oncolytic virus, was designed to selectively replicate in and lyse tumor cells, releasing tumor-derived antigen to stimulate a tumor-specific immune response. Methods In this phase II study in patients with unresectable stage IIIB–IV melanoma, we evaluated non-injected lesions to establish whether baseline or change in intratumoral CD8 + T-cell density (determined using immunohistochemistry) correlated with T-VEC clinical response. Results Of 112 enrolled patients, 111 received ≥1 dose of T-VEC. After a median follow-up of 108.0 weeks, objective/complete response rates were 28%/14% in the overall population and 32%/18% in patients with stage IIIB–IVM1a disease. No unexpected toxicity occurred. Baseline and week 6 change from baseline CD8 + T-cell density results were available for 91 and 65 patients, respectively. Neither baseline nor change in CD8 + T-cell density correlated with objective response rate, changes in tumor burden, duration of response or durable response rate. However, a 2.4-fold median increase in CD8 + T-cell density in non-injected lesions from baseline to week 6 was observed. In exploratory analyses, multiparameter immunofluorescence showed that after treatment there was an increase in the proportion of infiltrating CD8 + T-cells expressing granzyme B and checkpoint markers (programmed death-1, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4) in non-injected lesions, together with an increase in helper T-cells. Consistent with T-cell infiltrate, we observed an increase in the adaptive resistance marker PD-L1 in non-injected lesions. Conclusions This study indicates that T-VEC induces systemic immune activity and alters the tumor microenvironment in a way that will likely enhance the effects of other immunotherapy agents in combination therapy. Trial registration number NCT02366195 .
Elimination of exercise-induced regional myocardial dysfunction by a bradycardiac agent in dogs with chronic coronary stenosis.
Authors: B DGuth, GHeusch, RSeitelberger, JRoss
Journal: Circulation (1987)

We have previously demonstrated that the beneficial effect of cardioselective beta-blockade on exercise-induced ischemia is due entirely to negative chronotropism. Therefore we studied the effect of a new bradycardiac agent (UL-FS 49) in 10 dogs with chronic coronary artery stenosis produced by an ameroid constrictor. Regional myocardial function (sonomicrometers, wall thickness) and blood flow (microspheres) were measured during a control treadmill exercise bout and an identical run 3 hr later after the administration of UL-FS 49 (1.0 mg/kg iv). In the control run, heart rate increased from 114 +/- 20 to 230 +/- 19 beats/min and systolic wall thickening (%WT) in the poststenotic myocardium decreased from 23.3 +/- 5.2% at rest to 9.3 +/- 5.0%, a 60% reduction. Subendocardial blood flow in the ischemic area decreased from 1.04 +/- 0.30 to 0.55 +/- 0.40 ml/min/g, blood flow per beat decreased from 9.1 X 10(-3) to 2.5 X 10(-3) ml/g, and mean transmural flow failed to increase (1.06 +/- 0.30 vs 1.08 +/- 0.39 ...