tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Active Cellular Immunotherapy in the Desert of Advanced Prostate Cancer
Authors: Hiten D. Patel, Stephanie Berg
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Rules and representations
Authors: Noam Chomsky
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1980)

Abstract The book from which these sections are excerpted (N. Chomsky, Rules and Representations , Columbia University Press, 1980) is concerned with the prospects for assimilating the study of human intelligence and its products to the natural sciences through the investigation of cognitive structures, understood as systems of rules and representations that can be regarded as “mental organs.” These mental structui′es serve as the vehicles for the exercise of various capacities. They develop in the mind on the basis of an innate endowment that permits the growth of rich and highly articulated structures along an intrinsically determined course under the triggering and partially shaping effect of experience, which fixes parameters in an intricate system of predetermined form. It is argued that the mind is modular in character, with a diversity of cognitive structures, each with its specific properties arid principles. Knowledge of language, of the behavior of objects, and much else crucially involves these mental structures, and is thus not characterizable in terms of capacities, dispositions, or practical abilities, nor is it necessarily grounded in experience in the standard sense of this term. Various types of knowledge and modes of knowledge acquisition are discussed in these terms. Some of the properties of the language faculty are investigated. The basic cognitive relation is “knowing a grammar”; knowledge of language is derivative and, correspondingly, raises further problems. Language as commonly understood is not a unitary phenomenon but involves a number of interacting systems: the “computational” system of grammar, which provides the representations of sound and meaning that permit a rich range of expressive potential, is distinct from a conceptual system with its own properties; knowledge of language must be distinguished from knowledge of how to use a language; and the various systems that enter into the knowledge and use of language must be further analyzed into their specific subcomponents.
Erratum
Journal: BMJ (1905)

BUYING A PRACTICE." AJAx" writes that he hasrecently bought a general practice the receipts from which average LiBto per annum.He now finds that about 46o per annum was derived from pure dental work, no mention of which was made by the vendor.Was he justified in puttirg down this ,6o in his general receipts without disclosing the source from whicn it was
Deutsches Bäderbuch, bearbeitet, unter Mitwirkung des Kaiserlichen Gesundheitsamtes, von Himstedt, Hintz, Grünhut, Jacobj, Kauffmann, Keilhack, Kionka, F. Kraus, Kremser, Nicolas, Paul, Röchling, Scherrer, Schütze, Winckler, Rost, Sonntag, und Auerbach, unter Beihilfe von K. von Buchka, E. Dietrich, O. Lassar, E. von Leyden, E. A. Merck.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Technology Follies
Authors: David A. Grimes
Journal: JAMA (1993)

"WHAT procedures or practices are we involved in now which will rank with bloodletting as a folly of our time?"<sup>1</sup> The need for ongoing assessment of both new and old medical technologies is undisputed.<sup>2-6</sup>Nevertheless, much, if not most, of contemporary medical practice still lacks a scientific foundation.<sup>7,8</sup>Recent reviews of emerging technologies suggest that little progress has been made in requiring rigorous evidence of efficacy or validity before adoption and dissemination of new technologies.<sup>9-11</sup> The road to medical progress has been littered with potholes—or, more accurately, craters. While some new technologies have clearly improved health and reduced costs, others have not. For example, the introduction of D immune globulin dramatically reduced hemolytic disease of the newborn in the United States, as did the use of vaccines for several infectious diseases. Similarly, the advent of laparoscopic tubal sterilization improved the safety of this operation and made
Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors in Tumorigenesis (Part II)
Authors: M. M. Taketo
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1998)

The rate-limiting step in arachidonate metabolism is mediated by enzymes known as cyclooxygenases (COXs). These enzymes catalyze the biosynthesis of prostaglandin H 2 , the precursor of molecules such as prostaglandins, prostacyclin, and thromboxanes. The COX enzyme family consists of the classical COX-1 enzyme, which is constitutively expressed in many tissues, and a second isozyme, i.e., COX-2, which is induced by various stimuli, such as mitogens and cytokines, and is involved in many inflammatory reactions. Because nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2, these drugs also cause unwanted side effects, exemplified by gastrointestinal bleeding. Accumulating evidence indicates that NSAIDs can reduce the incidence of colorectal cancers in human and experimental animals and can reduce the number and size of polyps in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. This Part II (of a two-part review) focuses on the growing clinical and experimental evidence that NSAIDS and COX-2 inhibitors can influence the risk of colon (and possibly of other) cancers.
PRONUNCIATION OF THE WORD "QUININE."
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tryptophan
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr Lahmeyer's<sup>1</sup>response to an inquiry on the safety of tryptophan use doubtless was prepared prior to the recent cases of tryptophaninduced hypereosinophilia syndrome (<i>San Francisco Chronicle</i>. November 14, 1989:3). One can be certain he would now upgrade his "lack of enthusiasm" to condemnation. During the present epidemic we have seen five cases. One was a woman who took 1500 mg/d of tryptophan along with 150 mg/d of amitriptyline. She entered the hospital with congestive heart failure, joint pains, and a headache. Her peripheral leukocyte count was 43 × 10<sup>9</sup>/L and showed 0.80 eosinophils, of which 12% had three or four lobes, a finding that does not usually occur except under the stress of folate or B<sub>12</sub>deficiency.<sup>2</sup>Our patient's folate level was 9.9 nmol/L (4.1 to 20.4 nmol/L), and her B<sub>12</sub>level was 697 pmol/L (74 to 516 pmol/L), values that
Publisher Correction: ERK1/2 phosphorylation predicts survival following anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in recurrent glioblastoma
Authors: Víctor A. Arrieta, Andrew X. Chen, J. Robert Kane, Seong Jae Kang, Cynthia Kassab, Crismita Dmello, Junfei Zhao, Kirsten B. Burdett, Pavan S. Upadhyayula, Catalina Lee-Chang, Joseph Shilati, Dinesh Jaishankar, Li Chen, Andrew Gould, Daniel Zhang, Jinzhou Yuan, Wenting Zhao, Xiaoyang Ling, Jared K. Burks, Brice Laffleur, Christina Amidei, Jeffrey N. Bruce, Rimas V. Lukas, Jonathan T. Yamaguchi, David Cieremans, Gerson Rothschild, Uttiya Basu, Matthew McCord, Daniel J. Brat, Hui Zhang, Lee A. D. Cooper, Bin Zhang, Peter Sims, Tim F. Cloughesy, Robert Prins, Peter Canoll, Roger Stupp, Amy B. Heimberger, Craig Horbinski, Fabio M. Iwamoto, Raul Rabadan, Adam M. Sonabend
Journal: Nature Cancer (2022)
2018 AHA/ACC/AACVPR/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/ADA/AGS/APhA/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline on the Management of Blood Cholesterol: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines
Authors: Scott M. Grundy, Neil J. Stone, Alison L. Bailey, Craig Beam, Kim K. Birtcher, Roger S. Blumenthal, Lynne T. Braun, Sarah de Ferranti, Joseph Faiella-Tommasino, Daniel E. Forman, Ronald Goldberg, Paul A. Heidenreich, Mark A. Hlatky, Daniel W. Jones, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Nuria Lopez-Pajares, Chiadi E. Ndumele, Carl E. Orringer, Carmen A. Peralta, Joseph J. Saseen, Sidney C. Smith, Laurence Sperling, Salim S. Virani, Joseph Yeboah
Journal: Circulation (2019)

◼ cardiovascular disease ◼ cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol ◼ diabetes mellitus ◼ drug therapy ◼ hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors/statins ◼ hypercholesterolemia ◼ lipids ◼ patient compliance ◼ primary prevention ◼ risk assessment ◼ risk reduction discussion ◼ risk treatment discussion, secondary prevention ◼ ezetimibe ◼ proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor (PCSK9) inhibitors
Intravenous Thrombolytic Therapy for Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke in Patients Taking Non–Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants
Authors: David J. Seiffge
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Lung surfactant.
Authors: S A Rooney
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

Aspects of pulmonary surfactant are reviewed from a biochemical perspective. The major emphasis is on the lipid components of surfactant. Topics reviewed include surfactant composition, cellular and subcellular sites as well as pathways of biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine, disaturated phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylglycerol. The surfactant system in the developing fetus and neonate is considered in terms of phospholipid content and composition, rates of precursor incorporation, activities of individual enzymes of phospholipid synthesis and glycogen content and metabolism. The influence of the following hormones and other factors on lung maturation and surfactant production is discussed: glucocorticoids, thyroid hormone, estrogen, prolactin, cyclic AMP, beta-adrenergic and cholinergic agonists, prostaglandins and growth factors. The influence of maternal diabetes, fetal sex, stress and labor are also considered. Nonphysiologic and toxic agents which influence surfactant in the fetus, newborn and adult are reviewed.
Neurotrophic keratopathy
Authors: Harminder S. Dua, Dalia G. Said, Elisabeth M. Messmer, Maurizio Rolando, Jose M. Benitez-del-Castillo, Parwez N. Hossain, Alex J. Shortt, Gerd Geerling, Mario Nubile, Francisco C. Figueiredo, Saaeha Rauz, Leonardo Mastropasqua, Paolo Rama, Christophe Baudouin
Journal: Progress in Retinal and Eye Research (2018)
A new hemostatic agent composed of Zn2+-enriched Ca2+ alginate activates vascular endothelial cells in vitro and promotes tissue repair in vivo
Authors: Anne-Charlotte Ponsen, Richard Proust, Sabrina Soave, Françoise Mercier-Nomé, Isabelle Garcin, Laurent Combettes, Jean-Jacques Lataillade, Georges Uzan
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2022)

To control capillary bleeding, surgeons may use absorbable hemostatic agents, such as Surgicel® and TachoSil®. Due to their slow resorption, their persistence in situ can have a negative impact on tissue repair in the resected organ. To avoid complications and obtain a hemostatic agent that promotes tissue repair, a zinc-supplemented calcium alginate compress was developed: HEMO-IONIC®. This compress is non-absorbable and is therefore removed once hemostasis has been achieved. After demonstrating the hemostatic efficacy and stability of the blood clot obtained with HEMO-IONIC, the impact of Surgicel, TachoSil, and HEMO-IONIC on cell activation and tissue repair were compared (i) in vitro on endothelial cells, which are essential to tissue repair, and (ii) in vivo in a mouse skin excision model. In vitro, only HEMO-IONIC maintained the phenotypic and functional properties of endothelial cells and induced their migration. In comparison, Surgicel was found to be highly cytotoxic, and TachoSil inhibited endothelial cell migration. In vivo, only HEMO-IONIC increased angiogenesis, the recruitment of cells essential to tissue repair (macrophages, fibroblasts, and epithelial cells), and accelerated maturation of the extracellular matrix. These results demonstrate that a zinc-supplemented calcium alginate, HEMO-IONIC, applied for 10 min at the end of surgery and then removed has a long-term positive effect on all phases of tissue repair.
ABSTRACTS
Authors: STANFORD WESSLER
Journal: Circulation (1964)

Male rats given a high-fat diet plus cholic acid within 7 months developed multiple thrombi in small coronary arteries without marked arterio- sclerotic change.The concomitant induction of hypertension by daily desoxycorticosterone injection markedly potentiated the thrombotic tendency, increased aortic atherogenesis, and raised their mortality rate.A certain degree of hypertension and hypercholesteremia seemed to be caused by the high-fat diet alone.Half of the hypertensive rats showed mesenteric lesions of periarteritis no- dosa, but hypertensive-hyperlipemic animals had considerably fewer such lesions.It was suspected that hypertension may have a direct arteriolar ef- fect leading to thrombosis.
Leg ulcers
Authors: Tania J. Phillips, Jeffrey S. Dover
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1991)

The treatment of leg ulcers is a common and sometimes difficult problem.They can be costly to treat and are associated with loss of working capacity and sometimes significant morbidity.In the western world, leg ulcers are most frequently caused by venous insufficiency, arterial insufficiency, neuropathy (usually diabetic), or a combination of these factors.The pathogenesis, clinical features, and management of these types of leg ulcers are emphasized in this review.
Molecularly engineered tumor acidity-responsive plant toxin gelonin for safe and efficient cancer therapy
Authors: Guo-Bin Ding, Chenchen Zhu, Qian Wang, Huiyan Cao, Bin-Chun Li, Peng Yang, Roland H. Stauber, Guangjun Nie, Zhuoyu Li
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2022)

Due to the unsatisfactory therapeutic efficacy and inexorable side effects of small molecule antineoplastic agents, extensive efforts have been devoted to the development of more potent macromolecular agents with high specificity. Gelonin is a plant-derived protein toxin that exhibits robust antitumor effect via inactivating ribosomes and inhibiting protein synthesis. Nonetheless, its poor internalization ability to tumor cells has compromised the therapeutic promise of gelonin. In this study, a tumor acidity-responsive intracellular protein delivery system ─ functional gelonin (Trx-pHLIP-Gelonin, TpG) composed of a thioredoxin (Trx) tag, a pH low insertion peptide (pHLIP) and gelonin, was designed and obtained by genetic recombination technique for the first time. TpG could effectively enter into tumor cells under weakly acidic conditions and markedly suppress tumor cell proliferation via triggering cell apoptosis and inhibiting protein synthesis. Most importantly, treatment by intravenous injection into subcutaneous SKOV3 solid tumors in a mouse model showed that TpG was much more effective than gelonin in curtailing tumor growth rates with negligible toxicity. Collectively, our present work suggests that the tumor acidity-targeted delivery manner endowed by pHLIP offers a new avenue for efficient delivery of other bioactive substances to acidic diseased tissues.
Intra-arterial Thrombolysis to Target Occlusions in Distal Arteries and the Microcirculation
Authors: Pooja Khatri
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Crosstalk between CYP2E1 and PPARα substrates and agonists modulate adipose browning and obesity
Authors: Youbo Zhang, Tingting Yan, Tianxia Wang, Xiaoyan Liu, Keisuke Hamada, Dongxue Sun, Yizheng Sun, Yanfang Yang, Jing Wang, Shogo Takahashi, Qiong Wang, Kristopher W. Krausz, Changtao Jiang, Cen Xie, Xiuwei Yang, Frank J. Gonzalez
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2022)

Although the functions of metabolic enzymes and nuclear receptors in controlling physiological homeostasis have been established, their crosstalk in modulating metabolic disease has not been explored. Genetic ablation of the xenobiotic-metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2E1 in mice markedly induced adipose browning and increased energy expenditure to improve obesity. CYP2E1 deficiency activated the expression of hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) target genes, including fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21, that upon release from the liver, enhanced adipose browning and energy expenditure to decrease obesity. Nineteen metabolites were increased in Cyp2e1-null mice as revealed by global untargeted metabolomics, among which four compounds, lysophosphatidylcholine and three polyunsaturated fatty acids were found to be directly metabolized by CYP2E1 and to serve as PPARα agonists, thus explaining how CYP2E1 deficiency causes hepatic PPARα activation through increasing cellular levels of endogenous PPARα agonists. Translationally, a CYP2E1 inhibitor was found to activate the PPARα-FGF21-beige adipose axis and decrease obesity in wild-type mice, but not in liver-specific Ppara-null mice. The present results establish a metabolic crosstalk between PPARα and CYP2E1 that supports the potential for a novel anti-obesity strategy of activating adipose tissue browning by targeting the CYP2E1 to modulate endogenous metabolites beyond its canonical role in xenobiotic-metabolism.