tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Patterns of neutralizing humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 infection among hematologic malignancy patients reveal a robust immune response in anti-cancer therapy-naive patients
Authors: Cinzia Borgogna, Riccardo Bruna, Gloria Griffante, Licia Martuscelli, Marco De Andrea, Daniela Ferrante, Andrea Patriarca, Abdurraouf Mokhtar Mahmoud, Valentina Gaidano, Monia Marchetti, Davide Rapezzi, Michele Lai, Mauro Pistello, Marco Ladetto, Massimo Massaia, Gianluca Gaidano, Marisa Gariglio
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2022)

Understanding antibody-based SARS-CoV-2 immunity in hematologic malignancy (HM) patients following infection is crucial to inform vaccination strategies for this highly vulnerable population. This cross-sectional study documents the anti-SARS-CoV-2 humoral response and serum neutralizing activity in 189 HM patients recovering from a PCR-confirmed infection. The overall seroconversion rate was 85.7%, with the lowest values in patients with lymphoid malignancies or undergoing chemotherapy. Therapy-naive patients in the "watch and wait" status were more likely to seroconvert and display increased anti-s IgG titers. Enhanced serum neutralizing activity was observed in the following SARS-CoV-2-infected HM patient groups: (i) males; (ii) severe COVID-19; and (iii) "watch and wait" or "complete/partial response". The geometric mean (GeoMean) ID50 neutralization titers in patients analyzed before or after 6 months post-infection were 299.1 and 306.3, respectively, indicating that >50% of the patients in either group had a neutralization titer sufficient to provide 50% protection from symptomatic COVID-19. Altogether, our findings suggest that therapy-naive HM patients mount a far more robust immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection vs. patients receiving anti-cancer treatment, raising the important question as to whether HM patients should be vaccinated before therapy and/or receive vaccine formats capable of better recapitulating the natural infection.
HIV crisis in the Philippines: urgent actions needed
Authors: Louie Mar A Gangcuangco
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2019)

The Philippines is facing the fastest growing HIV epidemic in the western Pacific, with a 174% increase in HIV incidence between 2010 and 2017. There were 1047 new cases in August, 2018, alone.1 Although national HIV prevalence remains below 0·1%, men having sex with men are disproportionately affected, accounting for 84% of all new infections. UNAIDS estimates that only 67% of people living with HIV know their status, 55% have CD4 count lower than 200 cells/μL at the time of diagnosis, 32% are on antiretroviral therapy (ART), and 82% remain on ART 12 months after treatment initiation.
Training in a small town for rural practice
Authors: G. T. Harrell
Journal: JAMA (1973)

The delivery of health care in small towns and rural areas is a major unsolved problem. The building of small hospitals has proved economically and professionally unsound. The construction of two-man office-clinics has not uniformly recruited nor retained physicians. Experience at Hershey suggests a minimum critical mass of four family physicians when the clinic is hospital based. There is a need for ambulatory health care in communities without a hospital. A model demonstration facility is being built for four physicians with allied healthpersonnel support to give ambulatory and emergency care and health education to a town 35 miles from the medical center. A full-time faculty member will be in residence. Medical, nursing, medex students, and house officers will be housed and trained. Laboratory, roentgenographic, dental, and pharmaceutical services are included. Patients requiring hospitalization are referred.
High shear stress after successful balloon angioplasty is associated with restenosis and target lesion revascularization Attila Thury, Glenn van Langenhove, Stephane G. Carlier, Mariano Albertal, Ken Kozuma, Evelyn Regar, Jolanda J. Wentzel, Rob Krams, Cornelis J. Slager, Jan J. Piek, Patrick W. Serruys. Department of Interventional Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Laboratory of Hemodynamics, Thoraxcenter, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRTEENTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE ASSOCIATION OF MEDICAL SUPERINTENDENTS OF AMERICAN INSTITUTIONS FOR THE INSANE
Authors: Geo. F. Shrady
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1858)

AnnualMeeting of tite Association.81 more clearly, and to treat more successfully, the nmalady of insanity, I may receive time dictum with that defi remmce wimichu ignorance simould always evince towards dogmatism.
Survival after Mesenteric Artery Occlusion by Treatment with Low Molecular-Weight Dextran
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Undergraduate Medical Education
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Social Capital, Black Social Mobility, and Health Disparities
Authors: Keon L. Gilbert, Yusuf Ransome, Lorraine T. Dean, Jerell DeCaille, Ichiro Kawachi
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (2022)

This review aims to delineate the role of structural racism in the formation and accumulation of social capital and to describe how social capital is leveraged and used differently between Black and White people as a response to the conditions created by structural racism. We draw on critical race theory in public health praxis and restorative justice concepts to reimagine a race-conscious social capital agenda. We document how American capitalism has injured Black people and Black communities' unique construction of forms of social capital to combat systemic oppression. The article proposes an agenda that includes communal restoration that recognizes forms of social capital appreciated and deployed by Black people in the United States that can advance health equity and eliminate health disparities. Developing a race-conscious social capital framing that is inclusive of and guided by Black community members and academics is critical to the implementation of solutions that achieve racial and health equity and socioeconomic mobility.
Current Comment
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Demographic History and Natural Selection Shape Patterns of Deleterious Mutation Load and Barriers to Introgression across <i>Populus</i> Genome
Authors: Shuyu Liu, Lei Zhang, Yupeng Sang, Qiang Lai, Xinxin Zhang, Changfu Jia, Zhiqin Long, Jiali Wu, Tao Ma, Kangshan Mao, Nathaniel R Street, Pär K Ingvarsson, Jianquan Liu, Jing Wang
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2022)

Hybridization and resulting introgression are important processes shaping the tree of life and appear to be far more common than previously thought. However, how the genome evolution was shaped by various genetic and evolutionary forces after hybridization remains unresolved. Here we used whole-genome resequencing data of 227 individuals from multiple widespread Populus species to characterize their contemporary patterns of hybridization and to quantify genomic signatures of past introgression. We observe a high frequency of contemporary hybridization and confirm that multiple previously ambiguous species are in fact F1 hybrids. Seven species were identified, which experienced different demographic histories that resulted in strikingly varied efficacy of selection and burdens of deleterious mutations. Frequent past introgression has been found to be a pervasive feature throughout the speciation of these Populus species. The retained introgressed regions, more generally, tend to contain reduced genetic load and to be located in regions of high recombination. We also find that in pairs of species with substantial differences in effective population size, introgressed regions are inferred to have undergone selective sweeps at greater than expected frequencies in the species with lower effective population size, suggesting that introgression likely have higher potential to provide beneficial variation for species with small populations. Our results, therefore, illustrate that demography and recombination have interplayed with both positive and negative selection in determining the genomic evolution after hybridization.
Undergraduate Medical Education
Authors: Anne E. Crowley
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>MEDICAL SCHOOLS Accreditation</h3> The official accrediting body for educational programs leading to the MD degree is the Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME), which is listed for this purpose by the US Secretary of Education and recognized by the Council on Postsecondary Accreditation. (For membership in the LCME, see Appendix I.) The criteria by which the LCME accredits such programs in the United States, and in Canada in cooperation with the Committee for the Accreditation of Canadian Medical Schools, are published in "Functions and Structure of a Medical School; Standards for Accreditation of Medical Education Programs Leading to the MD Degree" (see Section I). Copies of this document are available from the LCME Office, 535 N Dearborn St, Chicago, IL 60610, or 1 Dupont Circle NW, Washington, DC 20036. <h3>Accredited Programs in Medical Education</h3> As of July 1, 1985, there were 125 US programs and 16 Canadian programs fully accredited
Correction
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 128: Mitochondrial CaMKII Plays Important Physiological and Pathological Roles
Authors: Qinchuan Wang, Elizabeth Luczak, Meera Viswanathan, Yuejin Wu, An-Chi Wei, Ashish Gupta, Eleonora Corradini, Albert Heck, Anthony Cammarato, Robert Weiss, Mark Anderson
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is known for its roles in fight-or-flight responses, where it mobilizes ATP-consuming processes to maximize power output by regulating cellular Ca 2+ . We hypothesized that CaMKII may also influence ATP-generating processes in a feedforward mechanism to match ATP consumption with demand. Most cellular ATP is produced by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in mitochondria; therefore, we generated transgenic animals whose mitochondrial CaMKII activity is boosted or inhibited by overexpressing mitochondrial targeted CaMKII (mtCaMKII), or a specific CaMKII inhibitor (mtCaMKII N ). We found that mitochondria from mtCaMKII mice have increased activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase and various TCA cycle enzymes. However, these mitochondria failed to provide sufficient ATP for cardiac function, likely due to detrimental remodeling of electron transport chain complex I. As a result, mtCaMKII mice develop a unique dilated cardiomyopathy soon after birth, which could be rescued by overexpressing the mitochondrial but not the myofibrillar form of creatine kinase. mtCaMKII N mice are protected against lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced mortality, ischemia/reperfusion injury, adverse cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction and asthma. Furthermore, Drosophila melanogaster overexpressing mtCaMKII N have longer lifespan under heat stress (29 o C) and are resistant to paraquat, an ROS-inducing agent. However, in the mice, inhibiting mitochondrial CaMKII reduces metabolic fitness required to sustain the isoproterenol-induced fight-or-flight response, leading to elevated utilization of the cardiac glycogen store and increased lactate production. mtCaMKII N mice have reduced spontaneous activity and a higher tendency to gain fat mass when fed a high-fat diet; mtCaMKII N flies have a shorter lifespan in the absence of thermal stress (25 o C). We are using phosphoproteomics, metabolomics and in silico modeling approaches to determine the mechanisms by which mtCaMKII regulates energy metabolism and stress responses. Our results have provided important insights into the physiological and pathological roles of mitochondrial CaMKII.
Abstract P251: Relationship Between Body Size of Social Network Members and Body Size Norms of South Asian Adults
Authors: Nicola Lancki, Juned Siddique, John A Schneider, Alka M Kanaya, Swapna Dave, Ankita Puri, Kayo Fujimoto, Namratha R Kandula
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Objective: Perceptions of a healthy body weight may be influenced by social norms within a social network. This study tested the hypothesis that social network body size is associated with body size norms in South Asian adults from the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) study. Methods: South Asian adults (n=700) were asked to list their personal social network members, defined as the “people who you regularly talk with about things that are important to you,” at the social network ancillary study examination (2014-2017). Participants’ perceptions of their network members’ body sizes, their own body size (self-body size), and a healthy body size (body size norm) for men and women were assessed using the Stunkard 9-figure scale. The Stunkard scale is a silhouette figure rating scale consisting of 9 male and 9 female figures of increasing body size (range 1-9). Participants’ height and weight were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. The average body size of network members was the main independent variable. Body size norm was the dependent variable in a regression model that controlled for age, sex, gender of Stunkard figure, cultural identity, self-body size, participants’ measured BMI, and social network size. A random intercept term was included at the participant level to account for clustering of male and female body size norms within participants. Results: Participants’ average age was 59 years (SD+/-9 years) and 43% were female. The average body size norm for male and female Stunkard images was 3.6 (SD+/-1.0) and 3.4 (SD+/-0.8), respectively. Participants’ average self-body size was 4.7 (SD+/-1.5). There were 2,991 social network members identified (mean number of network members=4, SD=1), and the majority (70%) were kin. The average network body size was 3.9 (SD +/-1.1). For every unit increase in their networks’ average body size, participants’ perceptions of body size norms increased 0.31 points on the Stunkard scale (p&lt;0.01; 95% CI: 0.25, 0.36), independent of self-body size and BMI. Perception of a healthy body size norm was 0.25 points lower for female Stunkard figures than for male figures (p&lt;.01; 95% CI: -0.30, -0.20). Conclusions: Having social network members with larger body sizes was associated with a higher body size norm in South Asian adults. Norms for female body images were smaller than for male images. Long-term follow-up of the MASALA cohort will determine if network members’ body size and body size norms are associated with weight change and weight-control behaviors in South Asians.
Diet- and Lifestyle‐Based Prediction Models to Estimate Cancer Recurrence and Death in Patients With Stage III Colon Cancer (CALGB 89803/Alliance)
Authors: En Cheng, Fang-Shu Ou, Chao Ma, Donna Spiegelman, Sui Zhang, Xin Zhou, Tiffany M. Bainter, Leonard B. Saltz, Donna Niedzwiecki, Robert J. Mayer, Renaud Whittom, Alexander Hantel, Al Benson, Daniel Atienza, Michael Messino, Hedy Kindler, Edward L. Giovannucci, Erin L. Van Blarigan, Justin C. Brown, Kimmie Ng, Cary P. Gross, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, Charles S. Fuchs
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

PURPOSE Current tools in predicting survival outcomes for patients with colon cancer predominantly rely on clinical and pathologic characteristics, but increasing evidence suggests that diet and lifestyle habits are associated with patient outcomes and should be considered to enhance model accuracy. METHODS Using an adjuvant chemotherapy trial for stage III colon cancer (CALGB 89803), we developed prediction models of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival by additionally incorporating self-reported nine diet and lifestyle factors. Both models were assessed by multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression and externally validated using another trial for stage III colon cancer (CALGB/SWOG 80702), and visual nomograms of prediction models were constructed accordingly. We also proposed three hypothetical scenarios for patients with (1) good-risk, (2) average-risk, and (3) poor-risk clinical and pathologic features, and estimated their predictive survival by considering clinical and pathologic features with or without adding self-reported diet and lifestyle factors. RESULTS Among 1,024 patients (median age 60.0 years, 43.8% female), we observed 394 DFS events and 311 deaths after median follow-up of 7.3 years. Adding self-reported diet and lifestyle factors to clinical and pathologic characteristics meaningfully improved performance of prediction models (c-index from 0.64 [95% CI, 0.62 to 0.67] to 0.69 [95% CI, 0.67 to 0.72] for DFS, and from 0.67 [95% CI, 0.64 to 0.70] to 0.71 [95% CI, 0.69 to 0.75] for overall survival). External validation also indicated good performance of discrimination and calibration. Adding most self-reported favorable diet and lifestyle exposures to multivariate modeling improved 5-year DFS of all patients and by 6.3% for good-risk, 21.4% for average-risk, and 42.6% for poor-risk clinical and pathologic features. CONCLUSION Diet and lifestyle factors further inform current recurrence and survival prediction models for patients with stage III colon cancer.
Issue Information
Authors: Daniel Solomon, Richard Bucala, New Haven, Mariana Kaplan, Peter Nigrovic, Boston Co, Karen Costenbader, David Felson, Richard Loeser, Chapel Hill, Paul Sufka, St Paul, Shervin Assassi, Adam Berlinberg, Deborah Feldman, Meenakshi Jolly, Donnamarie Krause, Las Vegas, Uyen-Sa Nguyen, Michelle Ormseth, Nashville Scofield, Oklahoma City, Jane Diamond, Atlanta Ilani, S Lorber, Atlanta Lesley, W Allen, Atlanta Barraza, Emily Wehby, Atlanta Stefanie, L Mckain, Atlanta Swett, Will Galanis, Marta Alarcón-Riquelme, Heather Allore, Neal Basu, Edward Behrens, Bryce Binstadt, John Carrino, New York, Lisa Christopher-Stine, Baltimore Cope, Nicola Dalbeth, Brian Feldman, Richard Furie, Great Neck, J Kahlenberg, Ann Arbor, Benjamin Leder, Yvonne Lee, Katherine Liao, Bing Lu, Anne-Marie Malfait, Stephen Messier, Winston-Salem Janet, E Pope, Christopher Ritchlin, Rochester Robinson, Georg Schett, Sakae Tanaka, Maria Trojanowska, Betty Tsao, Fredrick Wigley, Abhishek Abhishek, Nottingham Aghayev, Tom Appleton, Joshua Baker, Bonnie Bermas, Jamie Collins, Christopher Denton, Anisha Dua, John Fitzgerald, Angeles Haroon, Monique Hinchcliff, Hui-Chen Hsu, Vasileios Kyttaris, Carl Langefeld, Winston-Salem Lories, Suresh Mahalingam, Dennis Mcgonagle, Aridaman Pandit, Kevin Winthrop, Julie Zikherman, San Francisco, American College, O Rheumatology, David Karp, Kenneth Saag, Douglas White, La Crosse, Deborah Desir, Steven Echard, Ted Mikuls, Sindhu Johnson, Liana Fraenkel, Reuben Arasaratnam, Lindsey Baden, Winn Chatham, Stanley Cohen, Ellen Gravallese, Andre Kalil, Michael Weinblatt, Amy Mudano
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2021)