tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nutrition and the new health awareness
Authors: P. L. White
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The next great improvement in the public health will occur when people undertake personal efforts to reduce their risk of disease.<sup>1</sup>Personal efforts relate to abatement of smoking, alcohol and drug abuse, dietary immoderations, stress, and physical inactivity. Not much of this is under the direct control of the physician, nor does the busy practitioner have time to muster the necessary skills to effect significant changes in the well-ingrained but bad habits of patients. To bring about behavioral change requires knowledge of the patient's own set of health beliefs. In this time of medical and health enlightenment, people entertain an astounding variety of ideas that may have no basis in science or medicine. Self-assessment and self-treatment may be as commonplace as when the American Medical Association was founded in the last century. Many commercial interests prey on our heightened health awareness, reinforcing ill-conceived personal beliefs for their own monetary
Zenkerʼs diverticulum peroral endoscopic myotomy is effective in the case of an incipient Zenkerʼs diverticulum
Authors: Alexandru Lupu, Clara Yzet, Pierre Lafeuille, Louis-Jean Masgnaux, Thomas Lambin, Jérôme Rivory, Mathieu Pioche
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

Zenker’s diverticulum is a pulsion diverticulum developed in an area of weakness known as the Killian’s triangle. Flexible endoscopic treatment of this condition was first introduced in 1982 and is now the first line of treatment [1]. This technique involves the division of the septum of the diverticulum, by incision with a cutting device, in order to achieve the cricopharyngeal myotomy, with the objective to reduce the size of the diverticulum and improve the symptoms (dysphagia, regurgitation, and respiratory symptoms).
CIRCUMCISION FORCEPS
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Propaganda for Reform
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Organic and Functional Nervous Diseases.
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Exploring Safety and Tolerability of Sulthiame in Sleep Apnea
Authors: Jan Hedner, Kaj Stenlöf, Ding Zou, Erik Hoff, Corinna Hansen, Katrin Kuhn, Peter Lennartz, Ludger Grote
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2022)

Rationale: Current therapies for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are limited by insufficient efficacy, compliance, or tolerability. An effective pharmacological treatment for OSA is warranted. Carbonic anhydrase inhibition has been shown to ameliorate OSA. Objectives: To explore safety and tolerability of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor sulthiame (STM) in OSA. Methods: A 4-week double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled dose-guiding trial was conducted in patients with moderate and/or severe OSA not tolerating positive airway pressure treatment. Measurements and Main Results: Intermittent paresthesia was reported by 79%, 67%, and 18% of patients receiving 400 mg STM (n = 34), 200 mg STM (n = 12), and placebo (n = 22), respectively. Dyspnea was reported after 400 mg STM (18%). Six patients in the higher dose group withdrew because of adverse events. There were no serious adverse events. STM reduced the apnea–hypopnea index from 55.2 to 33.0 events/h (−41.0%) in the 400-mg group and from 61.1 to 40.6 events/h (−32.1%) after 200 mg (P < 0.001 for both). Corresponding placebo values were 53.9 and 50.9 events/h (−5.4%). The apnea–hypopnea index reduction threshold of ⩾50% was reached in 40% of patients after 400 mg, 25% after 200 mg, and 5% after placebo. Mean overnight oxygen saturation improved by 1.1% after 400 and 200 mg (P < 0.001 and P = 0.034, respectively). Patient-related outcomes were unchanged. Conclusions: STM showed a satisfactory safety profile in moderate and/or severe OSA. STM reduced OSA, on average, by more than 20 events/h, one of the strongest reductions reported in a drug trial in OSA. Larger scale clinical studies of STM in OSA are justified. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu (2017-004767-13).
Upregulation of antimicrobial peptide expression in slc26a3-/- mice with colonic dysbiosis and barrier defect
Authors: Archana Kini, Bei Zhao, Marijana Basic, Urmi Roy, Aida Iljazovic, Ivan Odak, Zhenghao Ye, Brigitte Riederer, Gabriella Di Stefano, Dorothee Römermann, Christian Koenecke, André Bleich, Till Strowig, Ursula Seidler
Journal: Gut Microbes (2022)

Genetic defects in SLC26A3 (DRA), an intestinal Cl
Principles of Surgery for Nurses.
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Activating Connexin43 gap junctions primes adipose tissue for therapeutic intervention
Authors: Yi Zhu, Na Li, Mingyang Huang, Xi Chen, Yu A. An, Jianping Li, Shangang Zhao, Jan-Bernd Funcke, Jianhong Cao, Zhenyan He, Qingzhang Zhu, Zhuzhen Zhang, Zhao V. Wang, Lin Xu, Kevin W. Williams, Chien Li, Kevin Grove, Philipp E. Scherer
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2022)

Adipose tissue is a promising target for treating obesity and metabolic diseases. However, pharmacological agents usually fail to effectively engage adipocytes due to their extraordinarily large size and insufficient vascularization, especially in obese subjects. We have previously shown that during cold exposure, connexin43 (Cx43) gap junctions are induced and activated to connect neighboring adipocytes to share limited sympathetic neuronal input amongst multiple cells. We reason the same mechanism may be leveraged to improve the efficacy of various pharmacological agents that target adipose tissue. Using an adipose tissue-specific Cx43 overexpression mouse model, we demonstrate effectiveness in connecting adipocytes to augment metabolic efficacy of the β3-adrenergic receptor agonist Mirabegron and FGF21. Additionally, combing those molecules with the Cx43 gap junction channel activator danegaptide shows a similar enhanced efficacy. In light of these findings, we propose a model in which connecting adipocytes via Cx43 gap junction channels primes adipose tissue to pharmacological agents designed to engage it. Thus, Cx43 gap junction activators hold great potential for combination with additional agents targeting adipose tissue.
Efficacy of endoscopic ligation with O-ring closure for prevention of bleeding after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection under antithrombotic therapy: a prospective observational study
Authors: Noriko Nishiyama, Hideki Kobara, Nobuya Kobayashi, Taiga Chiyo, Naoya Tada, Kazuhiro Kozuka, Takanori Matsui, Tatsuo Yachida, Shintaro Fujihara, Tingting Shi, Tsutomu Masaki
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

Abstract Background We examined the efficacy of a novel endoscopic ligation technique with O-ring closure (E-LOC) to prevent bleeding after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) under antithrombotic therapy. Methods This single-center prospective study involved consecutive patients who were taking antithrombotic agents and underwent gastric ESD. E-LOC was performed by anchoring the nylon loop with hemoclips on both defect edges and/or the exposed muscle layer, and using O-ring band ligation around these deployed clips. The primary outcome was post-ESD bleeding rate. Secondary outcomes were complete closure rate, procedure time, sustained closure rate, and complications. Results 48 patients were finally analyzed. The post-ESD bleeding rate was 0 %, the complete closure rate was 97.9 %, and the mean closure time was 29.9 minutes. The sustained closure rate was 95.8 % at postoperative day 2–3 and 33.3 % at postoperative day 10–11. No complications occurred. Conclusion E-LOC may be an effective option for closing mucosal defects after gastric ESD under antithrombotic therapy. However, the preventive effect on post-ESD bleeding should be further investigated in high risk groups.
The Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Authors: John H. Dodge
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters1 July 1995The Chronic Fatigue SyndromeJohn H. Dodge, MD and Michael W. Kita, MDJohn H. Dodge, MDUNUM Life Insurance Company of America; Portland, ME 04122Search for more papers by this author and Michael W. Kita, MDUNUM Life Insurance Company of America; Portland, ME 04122Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-123-1-199507010-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The recent article on the chronic fatigue syndrome by Fukuda and colleagues [1] improves the clinical framework for viewing what seems to be an etiologically diverse group of disorders that vary in their course (severity, duration, and completeness of recovery). When the authors, citing two studies, inform readers that “some persons afflicted by the chronic fatigue syndrome improve with time” but “most remain functionally impaired for several years,” readers may equate “functionally impaired for. years” with chronically disabled.We do feel that many physicians are doing their patients a disservice by emphasizing the extent of disability possibly ...REFERENCE1. Fukuda K, Strauss SE, Hickie I, Sharpe MC, Dobbins JG, Komaroff A, and the International Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Study Group. The chronic fatigue syndrome: a comprehensive approach to its definition and study. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 121:953-9. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: UNUM Life Insurance Company of America; Portland, ME 04122 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1995Volume 123, Issue 1Page: 74-76KeywordsChronic fatigue syndromeDisabilitiesMotivation ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 July 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Errata in "Books Currently Appearing"
Authors: E.J. H.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Letters and Comments1 July 1970Errata in "Books Currently Appearing"E.J. H.E.J. H.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-73-1-144_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe June issue erroneously listed (p. 977) several books from the Johns Hopkins University Press as published in April, May, or June of this year although they had been released previously. We apologize to the Press and to our readers for inconveniences caused by this error.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1970Volume 73, Issue 1Page: 144-144 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Atezolizumab Extends Survival for Breast Cancer
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2017)

Abstract The anti–PD-L1 drug atezolizumab produced durable responses among 10% of patients with triple-negative breast cancer in a large phase I trial presented at the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017. The therapy proved safe, with the highest response rates seen in women who received the drug as a first-line therapy and in those with elevated PD-L1 levels and other tumor biomarkers.
Married.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Suggested additions to future directions: comment on the <scp>ACR</scp> white paper on antimalarials and cardiac toxicity by Desmarais et al
Authors: Daniel J. Wallace
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2022)

Disclosure Form Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Impact of the amount of PEG on prodrug nanoassemblies for efficient cancer therapy
Authors: Yaqiao Li, Lingxiao Li, Qianhui Jin, Tian Liu, Jin Sun, Yongjun Wang, Zhijun Yang, Zhonggui He, Bingjun Sun
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2022)

PEGylation has been widely used to improve the pharmacokinetic properties of prodrug self-assembled nanoparticles (prodrug-SANPs). However, the impacts of the amount of PEG on the self-assemble stability, cellular uptake, pharmacokinetics, and antitumor efficacy of prodrug-SANPs are still unknown. Herein, selenoether bond bridged docetaxel dimeric prodrug was synthesized as the model prodrug. Five prodrug-SANPs were designed by using different mass ratios of prodrugs to PEG (Wprodrug/WDSPE-mPEG2000 = 10:0, 9:1, 8:2, 7:3 and 6:4), and defined as Pure drug NPs, 9:1NPs, 8:2NPs, 7:3 NPs and 6:4 NPs, respectively. Interestingly, 8:2 NPs formed the most compact nanostructure, thus improving the self-assemble stability and pharmacokinetics behavior. In addition, the difference of these prodrug-SANPs in cellular uptake was investigated, and the influence of PEG on cytotoxicity and antitumor efficacy was also clarified in details. The 8:2 NPs exhibited much better antitumor efficacy than other prodrug-SANPs and even commercial product. Our findings demonstrated the pivotal role of the amount of PEG on prodrug-SANPs.
Drugs for asthma: mast-cell stabilisers.
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Drugs for asthma: mast-cell stabilisers Mast cells are present in connective tissue throughout the body.Their name was taken from the German masten (to feed) when their cytoplasmic granules were believed to be products of phagocytosis.In fact, the granules are composed of complex macromolecules of many biologically active substances formed by intracellular synthesis, which are released into the extracellular space when "degranulation" occurs in response to immunological and histochemical stimuli.The survival of mast cells in higher organisms seems to imply that they have some vital physiological function, possibly concerned with the homoeostatic control of the metabolism of connective tissue and protection against damage by noxious agents.At all events, mast cells are well equipped to serve this purpose, since their granules contain vasoactive agents (which are also bronchoconstrictors) such as histamine, serotonin, slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis, and prostaglandins; enzymes and other substances, such as heparin, which may be implicated in both tissue damage and tissue repair; and chemotactic mediators in some types of inflammatory reaction.'Paradoxically, no physiological mechanism has been identified which promotes or regulates the release of any or all of these substances in healthy persons.Yet the sudden (and apparently unphysiological) degranulation of mast cells may have damaging consequences when, for example, large amounts of histamine or slow-reacting substance of ana- phylaxis are discharged into the extracellular space.In clinical terms, the most common trigger of degranulation appears to be a type I antigen-antibody reaction on the surface of mast cells which have been sensitised by cell- bound IgE antibody as a result ofprevious exposure to antigen.2If large numbers of mast cells throughout the body are sensitised in that way, acute and even fatal anaphylaxis can result from subsequent exposure to the same antigen.2More often, however, mast-cell degranulation is confined to one or more "target" organs, such as the bronchi, the nasal mucosa, the gastrointestinal tract, or the skin.This is now widely assumed to be the mechanism responsible for most of the common "allergic" disorders in atopic subjects.Studies in animals have shown that an IgE-mediated reaction promotes degranulation through the influx of calcium ions into the mast cells and by the activation of membrane- associated enzymes.3This is the basis of the hypothesis that
TADA—a machine learning tool for functional annotation-based prioritisation of pathogenic CNVs
Authors: Jakob Hertzberg, Stefan Mundlos, Martin Vingron, Giuseppe Gallone
Journal: Genome biology (2022)

Few methods have been developed to investigate copy number variants (CNVs) based on their predicted pathogenicity. We introduce TADA, a method to prioritise pathogenic CNVs through assisted manual filtering and automated classification, based on an extensive catalogue of functional annotation supported by rigourous enrichment analysis. We demonstrate that our classifiers are able to accurately predict pathogenic CNVs, outperforming current alternative methods, and produce a well-calibrated pathogenicity score. Our results suggest that functional annotation-based prioritisation of pathogenic CNVs is a promising approach to support clinical diagnostics and to further the understanding of mechanisms controlling the disease impact of larger genomic alterations.
Malignant Melanoma
Authors: George T. Pack
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In the Oct 20 issue ofThe Journal(<b>182:</b>298), there appeared a paper entitled "Malignant Melanoma of the Stomach," by Reed, Raskin, and Graff. The patient involved had malignant melanoma in the mucosa of the stomach confirmed by gastroscopie biopsy, and malignant melanoma in an axillary node confirmed by biopsy. No primary melanoma was discernible. I wish to make the following comment concerning this case report: Malignant melanoma of the stomach is not infrequent, as mentioned in the authors' preliminary statement. In the course of treating many patients with malignant melanoma at the Memorial Cancer Center, ample opportunities have been afforded for analyzing the distribution of metastases as determined by postmortem examination. Forty-one per cent of patients dying of melanoma coming to necropsy<i>had</i>metastatic melanoma involving the stomach. At the postmortem examinations, 44% of patients had metastasis to the heart and 38% to the brain.