tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Future history.
Authors: I S Loudon
Journal: BMJ (1983)

elderly.Ambulatory 24-hour Holter electrocardiographic monitoring13 14 iS of value for all patients where the diagnosis is in question and for those with suspected arrhythmias.Inter- mittent disturbances of rhythm are likely to be of pathological importance if accompanied by symptoms, and a cardiac cause may be found for blackouts masquerading as epilepsy or transient ischaemic attacks.15 16 Interpretation of the clinical relevance of electrocardiographic data requires astute judgment.Apparently benign complex arrhythmias and conduction defects are frequently detected in healthy people17-19 but many of the subtler forms of heart block and dysfunction of the sinus node, where a cardiac pacemaker would be beneficial to the patient, are still underdiagnosed.20The pitfalls of the technique are well illustrated by the patient in the Pittsburgh survey2 who, despite asystole lasting five seconds, failed to benefit from pacing and was finally diagnosed as suffering from epilepsy.Given a reasonably high index of suspicion, prolonged electrocardiographic recordings over a minimum period of 72 hours are advisable.1421 Monitoring both the electrocardiogram and electroencephalogram may serve to confirm a cardiac cause for an apparent cerebral event22 or an arrhythmia provoked by an apnoeic episode in sleep or at the onset of a seizure.The results of exercise testing and trials of cardiac pacing are often unhelpful, and electrophysiological studies23 which entail unpleasant procedures that are not without risk are of doubtful value.'2Invasive or provocative procedures of any kind should be reserved for selected patients with specific indications.For the vast majority of patients a diagnosis may be made by taking a detailed history, performing a thorough examination, and using the now well established technique of ambulatory cardiac monitoring.
Pulmonary Eosinophilia
Authors: J. W. Crofton, J. L. Livingstone, N. C. Oswald, A. T. M. Roberts
Journal: Thorax (1952)

Eosinophilia in the blood is an incidental finding in certain well-defined pulmonary conditions such as the resolving stage of pneumonia, hydatid disease of the lung, Hodgkin's disease, and sarcoidosis (Longcope, 1941).This paper is concerned with a less well defined group of diseases in which, at one time or another, infiltrations are observed radiologically and are accompanied by a blood eosinophilia.To this group the term "Loffler's syndrome" has often mistakenly been applied.As LoffIer himself has pointed out, the syndrome described by him includes only a section of the group of diseases in which there are pulmonary infiltrations accompanied by blood eosinophilia.There is, in fact, no currently accepted term which will include the entire range of these disorders.On the analogy of "tropical eosinophilia," a name now widely accepted, we suggest using " pulmonary eosinophilia " to describe the whole group.Pulmonary eosinophilia is defined as a condition in which pulmonary infiltration on the radiograph is accompanied by blood eosinophilia, but in which any of the four diseases listed above can be excluded.This definition is not in itself absolute.Certain patients have eosinophilia in some of their attacks, but not in others which are in every other way identical.Again, cases of tropical eosinophilia, which should be included in the group, may or may not have pulmonary infiltrations.These exceptions to the definition are pointed out not to invalidate the general term " pulmonary eosinophilia," but to remind the reader that it is merely a convenient heading under which to group together patients whose illnesses have certain charac- teristics in common.Like most other names for diseases or syndromes, " pulmonary eosinophilia" has no absolute value in a platonic sense.The following account is based on a personal experience of 16 cases and a review of some 450 cases reported in the literature. CLASSIFICATION OF CASES OF PULMONARY EOSINOPHILIAThe definition of pulmonary eosinophilia as " pulmonary infiltration with blood eosinophilia" covers a very wide range of diseases, varying from the mild and transient changes in true Loffler's syndrome to the severe and often fatal mani- festations of polyarteritis nodosa with lung involvement.We think that both clinically and pathologically all these cases form a continuum.It is convenient to subdivide the continuum into certain subgroups, but it should be emphasized that these fade into one another.The following classification is suggested: (1) simple A on August 20, 2023 by guest.
Safety, Efficacy, and Pharmacokinetics of Rezivertinib (BPI-7711) in Patients With Advanced NSCLC With EGFR T790M Mutation: A Phase 1 Dose-Escalation and Dose-Expansion Study
Authors: Yuankai Shi, Yanqiu Zhao, Sheng Yang, Jianying Zhou, Liangming Zhang, Gongyan Chen, Jian Fang, Bo Zhu, Xingya Li, Yongqian Shu, Jianhua Shi, Rongsheng Zheng, Donglin Wang, Huiqing Yu, Jianan Huang, Zhixiang Zhuang, Gang Wu, Longzhen Zhang, Zhongliang Guo, Michael Greco, Xiao Li, Yu Zhang
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2022)
Malaria prophylaxis.
Authors: H E Munro-Faure, D Donaldson
Journal: BMJ (1979)

technique; and modem techniques using the gamma-camera, 99mTc-MAA, and oblique views3 would be expected to give greater reproducibility.Surely, given these data, the statement that the lung scans "correlated poorly with the results of pulmonary angiography" should be reversed to say that the interpretation of pulmonary angiograms even by experts was, to say the least, difficult and correlated poorly with the findings of perfusion lung scanning.
Huge pedunculate esophageal submucosal tumor resected under endoscopy with peduncle ligation
Authors: Jiancong Hu, Wei Liu, Shi Chen, Junjie Liu, Junsheng Peng
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

Esophageal submucosal tumors can be treated by endoscopic resection [1] [2] [3]. However, resection of large submucosal tumors is difficult due to the narrow cavity of the esophagus. Here, we present a case of huge pedunculate esophageal submucosal tumor resected under endoscopy with innovative peduncle ligation.
Infectious mononucleosis.
Authors: H Pullen
Journal: BMJ (1973)

the consultant should have the final say over who gets his job, but I feel he has a duty, having agreed to participate in the matching plan, to see all the students interested in his job before making his choice.If the number of oonsultants breaking the rules like this were to increase, then the whole scheme would break down.Obviously there are advantages of the scheme which make it preferable to the previous state of affairs, such as the rules about no student holding more than one teaching hospital post and all jobs starting on standardized dates.However, the de- ficiencies mentioned above, must, I feel, be corrected if it is to be fair.-Iamn, etc.,
Prevalence of PCOS and related hyperandrogenic traits in premenopausal women with type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ane Bayona, Victoria Martínez-Vaello, Javier Zamora, Lía Nattero-Chávez, Manuel Luque-Ramírez, Héctor F Escobar-Morreale
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2022)

An increased prevalence of functional hyperandrogenism-including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)-has been described in women with type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, heterogeneity between studies is frequent, and prevalence rates vary according to different criteria used for the diagnosis of PCOS and the population studied.We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of PCOS and related hyperandrogenic traits in premenopausal women with T1D. This way, we intend to increase the precision of the estimates of prevalence of PCOS and related traits in women with T1D, and to explore sources of heterogeneity while providing prevalence estimates for clinically relevant subgroups such as the different phenotypes.We conducted a systematic review of the literature using Medline-OVID and Embase databases (Open Science Framework registry for systematic review protocols, https://osf.io/6cv9p/). Studies published up to 29 March 2021 were considered. We selected cross-sectional or prospective studies that reported, in patients with T1D, prevalence data on PCOS according to current definitions and different phenotypes, and/or prevalence rates of other related traits (hirsutism, hyperandrogenaemia, oligo-amenorrhoea and/or polycystic ovarian morphology: PCOM). Exclusion criteria for the review were studies addressing types of diabetes other than T1D; and studies using diagnostic definitions of PCOS different than those mentioned above. Two independent researchers performed data extraction. To assess the risk of bias, we used a tool developed specifically to appraise population-based prevalence studies.We selected 19 studies (1042 women) reporting the prevalence of PCOS and/or other hyperandrogenic traits. Regarding bias, 12 studies were considered of low-risk, and the remaining seven studies were considered intermediate risk. The pooled prevalence of PCOS when considering all possible phenotypes (ESHRE- American Society for Reproductive Medicine criteria) in T1D was 26% (95% CI: 19-34%; 13 studies, 684 women). Pooled prevalence of classic PCOS (US National Institutes of Health criteria) was 16% (95% CI: 10-22%; 9 studies, 614 women). Pooled prevalence of hyperandrogenic PCOS (Androgen Excess and PCOS Society criteria) was 26% (95% CI: 16-41%; 5 studies, 329 women). Hirsutism (24%), hyperandrogenaemia (29%), oligomenorrhoea (24%) and PCOM (34%) were also prevalent. Heterogeneity was high in almost all these meta-analyses.This systematic review and meta-analysis showed that PCOS and related hyperandrogenic traits are present in approximately one in every four women with T1D. Larger studies are needed to confirm this association, to address the effect of different variables on the occurrence of PCOS.
Doctors, unethical treatment, and turning a blind eye.
Journal: BMJ (1989)

patient had used 11 different treatments (all with benefit), 80% of respondents had used three or fewer.Only four adverse effects were reported: AL-721 made one patient nauseated; diets high in vitamins or minerals made two patients constipated; and one patient reported fatigue after a homoeopathic remedy.A benefit was attributed to 81%'/o of treatments used.One third of patients preferred to answer anonymously.Patients' assessments of alternative treatments of HIX' i.nfection and AIDS
Intravenous Dosage for Aminophylline
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
SARS-CoV-2 testing in patients with low COVID-19 suspicion at admission to a tertiary care hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, March to September 2020
Authors: Ana Requena-Méndez, Aikaterini Mougkou, Pontus Hedberg, Suzanne D van der Werff, Hideyuki Tanushi, Olof Hertting, Anna Färnert, Filippa Nyberg, Pontus Naucler
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2022)

Background Universal SARS-CoV-2 testing at hospital admission has been proposed to prevent nosocomial transmission. Aim To investigate SARS-CoV-2 positivity in patients tested with low clinical COVID-19 suspicion at hospital admission. Methods We characterised a retrospective cohort of patients admitted to Karolinska University Hospital tested for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR from March to September 2020, supplemented with an in-depth chart review (16 March–12 April). We compared positivity rates in patients with and without clinical COVID-19 suspicion with Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. We used multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with test positivity. Results From March to September 2020, 66.9% (24,245/36,249) admitted patient episodes were tested; of those, 61.2% (14,830/24,245) showed no clinical COVID-19 suspicion, and the positivity rate was 3.2% (469/14,830). There was a strong correlation of SARS-CoV-2 positivity in patients with low vs high COVID-19 suspicion (rho = 0.92; p &lt; 0.001). From 16 March to 12 April, the positivity rate was 3.9% (58/1,482) in individuals with low COVID-19 suspicion, and 3.1% (35/1,114) in asymptomatic patients. Rates were higher in women (5.0%; 45/893) vs men (2.0%; 12/589; p = 0.003), but not significantly different if pregnant women were excluded (3.7% (21/566) vs 2.2% (12/589); p = 0.09). Factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 positivity were testing of pregnant women before delivery (odds ratio (OR): 2.6; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3–5.4) and isolated symptoms in adults (OR: 3.3; 95% CI: 1.8–6.3). Conclusions This study shows a relatively high SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate in patients with low COVID-19 suspicion upon hospital admission. Universal SARS-CoV-2 testing of pregnant women before delivery should be considered.
Abstract 220: More Patience to the Patient? -The Timing of Initiating Targeted Temperature Management
Authors: Pei-I Su, Chih-Heng Chang, Chien-Hua Huang, Min-Shan Tsai, Wei-Tien Chang, Huei-Ming Ma, Wen-Jone Chen
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: The timing of Targeted Temperature Management (TTM) after Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) is controversial. Spontaneous neurological recovery can avoid the resource-wasting and adverse events of TTM. The purpose of this study is to determine the percentage of spontaneous recovery in a three-hour interval post ROSC, and to predict factors of recovery to Glasgow-Coma-Scale (GCS) Motor response 6 (M6). Hypothesis: Some patients may recover to GCS M6 in the early post ROSC period. These patients may also have favorable neurological outcome at discharge. Methods: This was a single center observational study which enrolled 541 patients with ROSC after OHCA. We recorded the motor response post ROSC, the motor response at 3hr, the patients’ characteristics, and resuscitation variables. Predictors of GCS M6 were assessed by multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: Graph 1 showed the number of patients with motor response change in a three-hour interval. All 96 patients with GCS M6 at 3hr had favorable neurological outcome, except 6 died from cardiogenic shock and 7 died from terminal cancer status. GCS M6 at 3hr, instead of GCS M6 post ROSC, was a predictor for favorable neurological outcome (OR, 2.09; 95%CI, 1.80-2.42; P= 0.0001) when adjusted with demographic and resuscitation variables. There were three factors predicting the GCS M6 at 3hr, including the cumulative epinephrine dose (OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.70 - 0.93; P=0.003), the CPR duration (OR, 0.957; 95% CI, 0.93 -0.98; P=0.001), and the initial shockable rhythm (OR, 4.41; 95% CI, 2.44 - 7.85; P=0.0001). Conclusions: A significant portion of patients had spontaneous recovery to GCS M6 within 3 hours, and had favorable neurological outcome. Certain factors could be used to predict the recovery in early post ROSC period. The optimal timing of TTM could be re-evaluated. Close monitoring GCS together with appropriate usage of sedation are critical for patients with higher chance of neurological recovery.
Infectious mononucleosis.
Authors: H Penman
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Infectious MononucleosisSIR,-The "new look" at infectious mono- nucleosis by Dr. H. Pullen (12 May, p. 350), though certainly including much sound clinical information, hardly justifies the epithet "new."The very brief, almost scathing, reference to the possible aetiological role of E.B. virus will, for example, have disappointed those seeking recent information.Even a brief consideration of the past four years' work on this virus could have provided plausible reasons for some of the observations left unexplained under the headings of "Infectivity" and "Transmission."
Blood.
Authors: P N Sperryn
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1989)

Blood contains red and white cells and platelets float- ing in plasma.The red cell mass of about 2 L is con- tained in a total blood volume of about 5 L. Serum is the fluid left after blood plasma clots.The blood's functions include oxygen transport from lungs to tis- sues in exchange for waste carbon dioxide, transport of hormones, nutrients and waste products between organs, clotting to seal off haemorrhage and the trans- port of white cells to combat infection. Blood formationRed cells (erythrocytes) are formed from antecedent stem cells in the bone marrow, spleen and lymph nodes and have a limited life of some 120 days.The early red cell, the reticulocyte, is distinctly stainable and a raised reticulocyte count is a sign of increased blood formation, eg after haemorrhage (or blood donation) or treatment of anaemia.Blood production is controlled by the hormone eryt- hropoietin, mainly secreted by the kidneys, whose renal tubular cells are sensitive to tissue oxygen levels.* G-6-PD deficiency, deficiency of this red cell enzyme, found world-wide but in up to 20 per cent of black Afri- (© 1989 Butterworth & Co (Publishers) Ltd 0306-3674/89/020129-03 $03.00 cans, causes haemolysis on exposure to certain drugs, chemicals or foods (eg 'favism' from broad beans).* thalassaemia, defective Hb synthesis.Common in Mediterranean peoples, presents as mild trait with mild anaemia and no symptoms or as severe disease with in- ability to produce normal Hb.* sickle-cell disorders -a group of haemolytic anaemias in which the abnormal sickle Hb is found.Common in Afro-Caribbean races and endows some resistance to falciparum malaria.Symptoms include anaemia but also very painful crises in which local infarcts (gangrene) can be precipitated by factors such as chilling, dehydration, or oxygen lack eg flying without adequate pres- surization.The full disease is severe but the trait may be unrecognized.* there are other less common Hb abnormalities in vari- ous ethnic groups.
Lifecycle.
Authors: D P Tomson
Journal: BMJ (1987)

My index finger was numb for a month and is still susceptible to Raynaud's phenomenon in the cold weather.Nearly a year later my two finger typing is somewhat hampered by a peculiar sensation in one of them.But I can't complain; at least now I feel like a real expeditionary.And things could havebeen worse for close relatives of Grosphus palpator (and it did provoke palpitations) account for a fair number ofadult deaths in India.That will teach me to brag that notiing exciting ever happens to me.
Overall survival (OS) in patients (pts) with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) treated with enzalutamide (ENZA) + androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) by high or low disease volume and progression to mHSPC (M0 at diagnosis) or <i>de novo </i>mHSPC (M1 at diagnosis): <i>Post hoc</i> analysis of the phase 3 ARCHES trial.
Authors: Andrew J. Armstrong, Taro Iguchi, Arun Azad, Russell Zelig Szmulewitz, Jeffrey Holzbeierlein, Arnauld Villers, Antonio Alcaraz, Boris Alexeev, Neal D. Shore, Francisco Gomez-Veiga, Brad Rosbrook, Fabian Zohren, Shunsuke Yamada, Gabriel P. Haas, Arnulf Stenzl
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

115 Background: In ARCHES (NCT02677896), ENZA + ADT improved radiographic progression-free survival, OS, and other key secondary endpoints vs placebo (PBO) + ADT for pts with mHSPC (also known as metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer). Final OS results confirmed a long-term survival benefit with ENZA + ADT (hazard ratio [HR] 0.66; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53, 0.81; p&lt;0.0001). We present post hoc analyses of OS by disease volume and progression to M1 HSPC after initial diagnosis with localized disease (M0) or presentation of de novo mHSPC at initial diagnosis (M1). Methods: Pts with mHSPC (N=1150) were randomized 1:1 to ENZA (160 mg/day) + ADT (n=574) or PBO + ADT (n=576), stratified by disease volume and prior docetaxel use. After unblinding, 180 (31.3%) PBO + ADT-treated pts crossed over to open-label ENZA + ADT. High disease volume was defined per CHAARTED criteria. Medical profiles of pts assessed as MX/unknown metastasis at initial diagnosis (n=213) were further reviewed centrally and adjudicated as having either M0 or M1 disease. Median OS and HRs were estimated by Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox proportional hazards, respectively. Results: Median treatment duration was 40.2 months (mo) for ENZA + ADT and 13.8 mo for PBO + ADT. Inclusive of crossover, 401 (69.6%) PBO + ADT pts had subsequent life-prolonging therapy. OS benefits with ENZA + ADT were seen in all disease volume and M0/M1 populations at a similar magnitude to the overall population (Table). Median OS was not reached in most populations except PBO + ADT pts with high disease volume (45.9 mo; 95% CI 40.1, not estimable [NE]) or high disease volume and M1 disease (43.4 mo; 95% CI 36.4, 49.7) and ENZA + ADT pts with high disease volume and M0 disease (54.2 mo; 95% CI 54.2, NE). Conclusions: Our post hoc analysis demonstrates consistent long-term survival benefit with ENZA + ADT vs PBO + ADT across pts with mHSPC with high and low disease volumes and M0 or M1 disease at initial diagnosis, despite substantial treatment crossover and subsequent therapy use in PBO + ADT pts.[Table: see text]
INTRAVENOUS THERAPY
Authors: H. Pritchard
Journal: BMJ (1927)

THE BRITISWJewislh tailor, aged 35.It is true that the arter ies of bothl legs and feet were easily palpable in this case, but the disease may be more marked on the venous side of the capillaries in the earlier stages and limited, like many cases of l)ost-operative throm-bosis, to the deep veins of the calf.Paini is often more marked in the calf thani in the foot, and is a phenomenon of veins as well as of arteries.Wlhecler's' two cases, and tlle two cases simultaneously
Anatomy of the Central Nervous System of Man and of Vertebrates in General.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal