tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Expanding Current Approaches to Solve the Opioid Crisis
Authors: Carlos Blanco, Melanie M. Wall, Mark Olfson
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Reprogramming of the heavy-chain CDR3 regions of a human antibody repertoire
Authors: Tianling Ou, Wenhui He, Brian D. Quinlan, Yan Guo, Mai H. Tran, Pabalu Karunadharma, Hajeung Park, Meredith E. Davis-Gardner, Yiming Yin, Xia Zhang, Haimin Wang, Guocai Zhong, Michael Farzan
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2021)

B cells have been engineered ex vivo to express an HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibody (bNAb). B cell reprograming may be scientifically and therapeutically useful, but current approaches limit B cell repertoire diversity and disrupt the organization of the heavy-chain locus. A more diverse and physiologic B cell repertoire targeting a key HIV-1 epitope could facilitate evaluation of vaccines designed to elicit bNAbs, help identify more potent and bioavailable bNAb variants, or directly enhance viral control in vivo. Here we address the challenges of generating such a repertoire by replacing the heavy-chain CDR3 (HCDR3) regions of primary human B cells. To do so, we identified and utilized an uncharacterized Cas12a ortholog that recognizes PAM motifs present in human JH genes. We also optimized the design of 200 nucleotide homology-directed repair templates (HDRT) by minimizing the required 3'-5' deletion of the HDRT-complementary strand. Using these techniques, we edited primary human B cells to express a hemagglutinin epitope tag and the HCDR3 regions of the bNAbs PG9 and PG16. Those edited with bNAb HCDR3 efficiently bound trimeric HIV-1 antigens, implying they could affinity mature in vivo in response to the same antigens. This approach generates diverse B cell repertoires recognizing a key HIV-1 neutralizing epitope.
Testing the effects of combining azithromycin with inhaled tobramycin for<i>P. aeruginosa</i>in cystic fibrosis: a randomised, controlled clinical trial
Authors: David P Nichols, Pradeep K Singh, Arthur Baines, Lindsay J Caverly, James F Chmiel, Ronald L GIbson, Jorge Lascano, Sarah J Morgan, George Retsch-Bogart, Lisa Saiman, Hossein Sadeghi, Joanne L Billings, Sonya L Heltshe, Shannon Kirby, Ada Kong, Jerry A Nick, Nicole Mayer-Hamblett
Journal: Thorax (2021)

Inhaled tobramycin and oral azithromycin are common chronic therapies in people with cystic fibrosis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa airway infection. Some studies have shown that azithromycin can reduce the ability of tobramycin to kill P. aeruginosa. This trial was done to test the effects of combining azithromycin with inhaled tobramycin on clinical and microbiological outcomes in people already using inhaled tobramycin. We theorised that those randomised to placebo (no azithromycin) would have greater improvement in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and greater reduction in P. aeruginosa sputum in response to tobramycin.A 6-week prospective, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial testing oral azithromycin versus placebo combined with clinically prescribed inhaled tobramycin in individuals with cystic fibrosis and P. aeruginosa airway infection.Over a 6-week period, including 4 weeks of inhaled tobramycin, the relative change in FEV1 did not statistically significantly differ between groups (azithromycin (n=56) minus placebo (n=52) difference: 3.44%; 95% CI: -0.48 to 7.35; p=0.085). Differences in secondary clinical outcomes, including patient-reported symptom scores, weight and need for additional antibiotics, did not significantly differ. Among the 29 azithromycin and 35 placebo participants providing paired sputum samples, the 6-week change in P. aeruginosa density differed in favour of the placebo group (difference: 0.75 log10 CFU/mL; 95% CI: 0.03 to 1.47; p=0.043).Despite having greater reduction in P. aeruginosa density in participants able to provide sputum samples, participants randomised to placebo with inhaled tobramycin did not experience significantly greater improvements in lung function or other clinical outcomes compared with those randomised to azithromycin with tobramycin.
Nivolumab First-Line Therapy for Elderly, Frail Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients: Niviniho, a Lysa Phase II Study
Authors: Julien Lazarovici, Sandy Amorim, Krimo Bouabdallah, Stéphanie Guidez, Lysiane Molina, Franck Morschhauser, Anne-Claire Gac, Thomas Gastinne, Kamel Laribi, Vincent Launay, Bohrane Slama, Nawel Belmecheri, René-Olivier Casasnovas, Anne Corby, Eric Durot, Pierre Feugier, Emmanuelle Nicolas-Virelizier, David Sibon, Alina Berriolo-Riedinger, Veronique Edeline, Thierry Vander Borght, Diane Damotte, Alexandra Traverse-Glehen, Marc Andre, Vincent Ribrag
Journal: Blood (2021)
Abstract 1775: Transthoracic Impedance Used as a Tool to Evaluate Performance of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: Frederik Stecher, Jan-Aage Olsen, Lars Wik
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Introduction: There is a need to evaluate the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) process without using extra equipment in order to document if ambulance personnel follow CPR guidelines. We wanted ...
Prognosis After Percutaneous Foramen Ovale Closure Among Patients With Platypnea-Orthodeoxia Syndrome
Authors: Ahmad Hayek, Gilles Rioufol, Thomas Bochaton, Roland Rossi, Nathan Mewton, Alexandre Paccalet, Eric Bonnefoy-Cudraz, Hélène Thibault, François Derimay
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
A small number of early introductions seeded widespread transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Québec, Canada
Authors: Carmen Lía Murall, Eric Fournier, Jose Hector Galvez, Arnaud N’Guessan, Sarah J. Reiling, Pierre-Olivier Quirion, Sana Naderi, Anne-Marie Roy, Shu-Huang Chen, Paul Stretenowich, Mathieu Bourgey, David Bujold, Romain Gregoire, Pierre Lepage, Janick St-Cyr, Patrick Willet, Réjean Dion, Hugues Charest, Mark Lathrop, Michel Roger, Guillaume Bourque, Jiannis Ragoussis, B. Jesse Shapiro, Sandrine Moreira
Journal: Genome Medicine (2021)

Abstract Background Québec was the Canadian province most impacted by COVID-19, with 401,462 cases as of September 24th, 2021, and 11,347 deaths due mostly to a very severe first pandemic wave. In April 2020, we assembled the Coronavirus Sequencing in Québec (CoVSeQ) consortium to sequence SARS-CoV-2 genomes in Québec to track viral introduction events and transmission within the province. Methods Using genomic epidemiology, we investigated the arrival of SARS-CoV-2 to Québec. We report 2921 high-quality SARS-CoV-2 genomes in the context of &gt; 12,000 publicly available genomes sampled globally over the first pandemic wave (up to June 1st, 2020). By combining phylogenetic and phylodynamic analyses with epidemiological data, we quantify the number of introduction events into Québec, identify their origins, and characterize the spatiotemporal spread of the virus. Results Conservatively, we estimated approximately 600 independent introduction events, the majority of which happened from spring break until 2 weeks after the Canadian border closed for non-essential travel. Subsequent mass repatriations did not generate large transmission lineages (&gt; 50 sequenced cases), likely due to mandatory quarantine measures in place at the time. Consistent with common spring break and “snowbird” destinations, most of the introductions were inferred to have originated from Europe via the Americas. Once introduced into Québec, viral lineage sizes were overdispersed, with a few lineages giving rise to most infections. Consistent with founder effects, the earliest lineages to arrive tended to spread most successfully. Fewer than 100 viral introductions arrived during spring break, of which 7–12 led to the largest transmission lineages of the first wave (accounting for 52–75% of all sequenced infections). These successful transmission lineages dispersed widely across the province. Transmission lineage size was greatly reduced after March 11th, when a quarantine order for returning travellers was enacted. While this suggests the effectiveness of early public health measures, the biggest transmission lineages had already been ignited prior to this order. Conclusions Combined, our results reinforce how, in the absence of tight travel restrictions or quarantine measures, fewer than 100 viral introductions in a week can ensure the establishment of extended transmission chains.
TCT-494 Relationship Between the COVID-19 Public Health Restrictions and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients Undergoing Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography
Authors: Gaurav Gulsin, Georgios Tzimas, Hidenobu Takagi, Rachel Eddy, Park Park, Philipp Blanke, Wendy Ji-Cathriner, Campbell Rogers, Tim Fonte, Charles Taylor, Jonathon Leipsic
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
In vivo performance of a rare earth free Mg–Zn–Ca alloy manufactured using twin roll casting for potential applications in the cranial and maxillofacial fixation devices
Authors: Matthew S. Dargusch, Nagasivamuni Balasubramani, Nan Yang, Sean Johnston, Yahia Ali, Gui Wang, Jeffrey Venezuela, Jiwon Carluccio, Cora Lau, Rachel Allavena, Daniel Liang, Karine Mardon, Qingsong Ye
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)

A magnesium alloy containing essential, non-toxic, biodegradable elements such as Ca and Zn has been fabricated using a novel twin-roll casting process (TRC). Microstructure, mechanical properties, in vivo corrosion and biocompatibility have been assessed and compared to the properties of the rare earth (RE) element containing WE43 alloy. TRC Mg-0.5 wt% Zn- 0.5 wt% Ca exhibited fine grains with an average grain size ranging from 70 to 150 μm. Mechanical properties of a TRC Mg-0.5Zn-0.5Ca alloy showed an ultimate tensile strength of 220 MPa and ductility of 9.3%. The TRC Mg-0.5Zn-0.5Ca alloy showed a degradation rate of 0.51 ± 0.07 mm/y similar to that of the WE43 alloy (0.47 ± 0.09 mm/y) in the rat model after 1 week of implantation. By week 4 the biodegradation rates of both alloys studied were lowered and stabilized with fewer gas pockets around the implant. The histological analysis shows that both WE43 and TRC Mg-0.5Zn-0.5Ca alloy triggered comparable tissue healing responses at respective times of implantation. The presence of more organized scarring tissue around the TRC Mg-0.5Zn-0.5Ca alloys suggests that the biodegradation of the RE-free alloy may be more conducive to the tissue proliferation and remodelling process.
Interventions to Mitigate Risk of Cardiovascular Disease After Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Amanda R. Jowell, Amy A. Sarma, Martha Gulati, Erin D. Michos, Arthur J. Vaught, Pradeep Natarajan, Camille E. Powe, Michael C. Honigberg
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2021)

A growing body of evidence suggests that adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs), including hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational diabetes (GD), preterm birth, and intrauterine growth restriction, are associated with increased risk of cardiometabolic disease and cardiovascular disease (CVD) later in life. Adverse pregnancy outcomes may therefore represent an opportunity to intervene to prevent or delay onset of CVD. The objective of this review was to summarize the current evidence for targeted postpartum interventions and strategies to reduce CVD risk in women with a history of APOs.A search of PubMed and Ovid for English-language randomized clinical trials, cohort studies, descriptive studies, and guidelines published from January 1, 2000, to April 30, 2021, was performed. Four broad categories of interventions were identified: transitional clinics, lifestyle interventions, pharmacotherapy, and patient and clinician education. Observational studies suggest that postpartum transitional clinics identify women who are at elevated risk for CVD and may aid in the transition to longitudinal primary care. Lifestyle interventions to increase physical activity and improve diet quality may help reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes in women with prior GD; less is known about women with other prior APOs. Metformin hydrochloride may prevent development of type 2 diabetes in women with prior GD. Evidence is lacking in regard to specific pharmacotherapies after other APOs. Cardiovascular guidelines endorse using a history of APOs to refine CVD risk assessment and guide statin prescription for primary prevention in women with intermediate calculated 10-year CVD risk. Research suggests a low level of awareness of the link between APOs and CVD among both patients and clinicians.These findings suggest that transitional clinics, lifestyle intervention, targeted pharmacotherapy, and clinician and patient education represent promising strategies for improving postpartum maternal cardiometabolic health in women with APOs; further research is needed to develop and rigorously evaluate these interventions. Future efforts should focus on strategies to increase maternal postpartum follow-up, improve accessibility to interventions across diverse racial and cultural groups, expand awareness of sex-specific CVD risk factors, and define evidence-based precision prevention strategies for this high-risk population.
The molecular makeup of peripheral and central baroreceptors: stretching a role for Transient Receptor Potential (TRP), Epithelial Sodium Channel (ENaC), Acid Sensing Ion Channel (ASIC), and Piezo channels
Authors: Hannah Yang, Luana Tenorio Lopes, Nicole O Barioni, Jamie Roeske, Anthony V Incognito, Jacquie Baker, Satish R Raj, Richard J A Wilson
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2021)

The autonomic nervous system maintains homeostasis of cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary, immune, and thermoregulatory function. Homeostasis involves a variety of feedback mechanisms involving peripheral afferents, many of which contain molecular receptors sensitive to mechanical deformation, termed mechanosensors. Here, we focus on the molecular identity of mechanosensors involved in the baroreflex control of the cardiovascular system. Located within the walls of the aortic arch and carotid sinuses, and/or astrocytes in the brain, these mechanosensors are essential for the rapid moment-to-moment feedback regulation of blood pressure (BP). Growing evidence suggests that these mechanosensors form a co-existing system of peripheral and central baroreflexes. Despite the importance of these molecules in cardiovascular disease and decades of research, their precise molecular identity remains elusive. The uncertainty surrounding the identity of these mechanosensors presents a major challenge in understanding basic baroreceptor function and has hindered the development of novel therapeutic targets for conditions with known arterial baroreflex impairments. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to (i) provide a brief overview of arterial and central baroreflex control of BP, (ii) review classes of ion channels currently proposed as the baroreflex mechanosensor, namely Transient Receptor Potential (TRP), Epithelial Sodium Channel (ENaC), Acid Sensing Ion Channel (ASIC), and Piezo, along with additional molecular candidates that serve mechanotransduction in other organ systems, and (iii) summarize the potential clinical implications of impaired baroreceptor function in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease.
Recurrence of anaphylaxis: A systematic review of observational studies
Authors: Miguel A. Tejedor‐Alonso, Sabela Pérez‐Codesido, Ana Nieto‐Nieto, Ana Gonzalez‐Moreno, Ana Rosado Ingelmo, Jimena Laiseca García, Lucía Gonzalez‐Bravo, Nuria Alberti‐Masgrau
Journal: Allergy (2021)

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Genomic epidemiology and the role of international and regional travel in the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Zimbabwe: a retrospective study of routinely collected surveillance data
Authors: Tapfumanei Mashe, Faustinos Tatenda Takawira, Leonardo de Oliveira Martins, Muchaneta Gudza-Mugabe, Joconiah Chirenda, Manes Munyanyi, Blessmore V Chaibva, Andrew Tarupiwa, Hlanai Gumbo, Agnes Juru, Charles Nyagupe, Vurayai Ruhanya, Isaac Phiri, Portia Manangazira, Alexander Goredema, Sydney Danda, Israel Chabata, Janet Jonga, Rutendo Munharira, Kudzai Masunda, Innocent Mukeredzi, Douglas Mangwanya, Alex Trotter, Thanh Le Viet, Steven Rudder, Gemma Kay, David Baker, Gaetan Thilliez, Ana Victoria Gutierrez, Justin O'Grady, Maxwell Hove, Sekesai Mutapuri-Zinyowera, Andrew J Page, Robert A Kingsley, Gibson Mhlanga
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2021)
Analysis of Reported Health Care Use by Sexual Orientation Among Youth
Authors: Sari L. Reisner, Camila Mateo, Marc N. Elliott, Susan Tortolero, Susan L. Davies, Terri Lewis, Dennis Li, Mark Schuster
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

<h3>Importance</h3> In the United States, adolescents who are lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) face disparities across physical and mental health outcomes compared with non-LGB youth, yet few studies have looked at patterns of health care utilization by sexual orientation. <h3>Objective</h3> To compare health care utilization indicators for LGB and non-LGB youth. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This cohort study analyzed wave 3 data from Healthy Passages, a longitudinal observational study of diverse public school students in Birmingham, Alabama; Houston, Texas; and Los Angeles County, California. Multivariable logistic regression models tested sexual-orientation differences in the past 12-month health care utilization measures, controlling for youth age, gender, race and ethnicity, household education, income, and marital status. Data collection began in 2010 when students were in the 5th grade (mean [SE] age, 11.13 [0.01] years) (wave 1) and continued 2 years later (wave 2, 7th grade) and 5 years later (wave 3, 10th grade). Permission to be contacted was provided for 6663 children, and 5147 (77%) participated in audio computer-assisted self-administered interviews. This study included 4256 youth (640 LGB, 3616 non-LGB) who completed interviews at wave 1 and wave 3 and answered key items used in this analysis. Analyses were completed in June 2021. <h3>Exposures</h3> Sexual orientation (LGB vs non-LGB). <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Health care utilization and communication difficulty with a physician in the past 12 months. <h3>Results</h3> Among 4256 youths included in the study at baseline in 5th grade (wave 1), 2171 (48.9%) were female; 1502 (44.5%) were Hispanic or Latino; 1479 (28.9%) were Black; the mean (SE) age was 11.19 (0.03) years; and 640 (14.5%) were LGB at wave 3. Compared with non-LGB youth, a higher proportion of LGB youth reported not receiving needed medical care in the last 12 months (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.68; 95% CI,1.38-2.05), most commonly for sexually transmitted infections, contraception, and substance use. LGB youth more frequently reported difficulty communicating with their physician (aOR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.27-2.30) than non-LGB youth. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> This study’s results found that health care utilization differs by sexual orientation for youth. These findings suggest that clinician training is needed to address the health care needs of LGB youth. Routinely capturing sexual orientation data might enable tracking of health care utilization indicators for LGB youth.
Chemical Dynamics of Life Phaenomena.
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Characterization of a novel bispecific antibody targeting tissue factor-positive tumors with T cell engagement
Authors: Zhidi Pan, Jie Chen, Xiaodong Xiao, Yueqing Xie, Hua Jiang, Baohong Zhang, Huili Lu, Yunsheng Yuan, Lei Han, Yuexian Zhou, Huifang Zong, Lei Wang, Rui Sun, Jianwei Zhu
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2021)

T cell engaging bispecific antibody (TCB) is an effective immunotherapy for cancer treatment. Through co-targeting CD3 and tumor-associated antigen (TAA), TCB can redirect CD3+ T cells to eliminate tumor cells regardless of the specificity of T cell receptor. Tissue factor (TF) is a TAA that involved in tumor progression. Here, we designed and characterized a novel TCB targeting TF (TF-TCB) for the treatment of TF-positive tumors. In vitro, robust T cell activation, tumor cell lysis and T cell proliferation were induced by TF-TCB. The tumor cell lysis activity was dependent upon both CD3 and TF binding moieties of the TF-TCB, and was related to TF expression level of tumor cells. In vivo, in both tumor cell/human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) co-grafting model and established tumor models with poor T cell infiltration, tumor growth was strongly inhibited by TF-TCB. T cell infiltration into tumors was induced during the treatment. Furthermore, efficacy of TF-TCB was further improved by combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. For the first time, our results validated the feasibility of using TF as a target for TCB and highlighted the potential for TF-TCB to demonstrate efficacy in solid tumor treatment.