tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Quantitative assessment of prolonged metabolic abnormalities in reperfused canine myocardium.
Authors: D BBuxton, F VMody, JKrivokapich, M EPhelps, H RSchelbert
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDProlonged metabolic abnormalities have been demonstrated previously in postischemic myocardium, including relative increases in glucose uptake and abnormal fatty acid kinetics. However, quantitative metabolic information is limited, and the time course of changes in MVO2 in postischemic myocardium is unknown. To address these issues, chronically instrumented dogs were studied serially over 1 month after transient left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusion, using positron emission tomography.METHODS AND RESULTSDynamic imaging protocols were used in conjunction with tracer kinetic models to quantify blood flow and metabolic rates. Myocardial sectors were defined as normal, predominantly reversibly injured, and infarct-containing, based on occlusion blood flow images and postmortem histochemistry. Myocardial blood flow and metabolism were homogeneous at baseline. During LAD occlusion for 3 hours, myocardial blood flow in reversibly injured and infarct-containing sectors (determined wi...
Early postoperative changes in left ventricular chamber size, architecture, and function in aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation and their relation to intraoperative changes in afterload: a prospective two-dimensional echocardiographic study.
Authors: MSutton, TPlappert, ASpiegel, JRaichlen, PDouglas, NReichek, LEdmunds
Journal: Circulation (1987)

We prospectively studied 16 patients with isolated aortic stenosis and eight with isolated aortic regurgitation undergoing aortic valve replacement, using two-dimensional echocardiography preoperatively, intraoperatively, and 41 +/- 7 days postoperatively to calculate the intraoperative change in afterload, quantify the postoperative changes in left ventricular chamber size, architecture, load and function, determine whether the postoperative left ventricular remodeling correlated with the intraoperative change in afterload in aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation, and assess whether preoperative afterload excess precluded postoperative improvement in left ventricular function. Preoperative left ventricular mass, end-systolic meridional and circumferential wall stresses, ejection fraction, and stress-shortening relations in patients with aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation were similar. However, our patients with aortic regurgitation had severe systolic dysfunction, with ejection fraction less tha...
Diagnosis and management of thyrotoxicosis
Authors: B. Vaidya, S. H. S. Pearce
Journal: BMJ (2014)

<b>Introduction:</b> Epidermolysis bullosa (EB), a group of autosomal heritable blistering diseases, is characterised by extensive phenotypic variability with considerable morbidity and mortality. EB is classified into distinct subtypes depending on the location of blistering within the cutaneous dermoepidermal basement membrane zone. Ten genes are known to harbour mutations in the major types of EB, and the level of expression of these genes within the cutaneous basement membrane zone and in extracutaneous tissues, as well as the types and combinations of the mutations, explain in general terms the phenotypic variability. <b>Methods:</b> The DebRA Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, established in 1996 and supported in part by the patient advocacy organisation DebRA of America, has analysed over 1000 families with different forms of EB. <b>Results:</b> In total, 265 cases were submitted with the preliminary diagnosis of junctional or hemidesmosomal forms of EB. We found 393 mutant alleles in seven different genes, with 173 of the mutations being distinct and 71 previously unpublished. <b>Discussion:</b> These findings attest to the clinical and molecular heterogeneity of the junctional and hemidesmosomal subtypes of EB. The results also reveal exceptions to the general rules on genotype-phenotype correlations, unusual phenotypes, and surprising genetics. Collectively, mutation analysis in different forms of EB provides the basis for improved classification with prognostic implications and for prenatal and preimplantation diagnosis in families at risk for recurrence of EB.
Detection of mitral ring abscess by two-dimensional echocardiography.
Authors: KNakamura, SSuzuki, GSatomi, HHayashi, KHirosawa
Journal: Circulation (1982)

M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiographic features of mitral ring abscess are described. A round, dense echo mass between the posterior mitral leaflet and left ventricular posterior wall was demonstrated in long- and short-axis views of the left ventricle. The diagnosis of mitral ring abscess was confirmed at surgery. The superiority of two-dimensional echocardiography over M-mode echocardiography for evaluating patients with mitral ring abscess is also discussed.
Carbon Capture and Storage
Authors: Sarah M. Forbes
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in a cold environment. Effect of antianginal medications.
Authors: MJuneau, MJohnstone, EDempsey, D DWaters
Journal: Circulation (1989)

The influence of cold on the threshold for myocardial ischemia and the efficacy of antianginal drugs in a cold environment were assessed in 24 patients with stable angina and exercise-induced ST depression. Treadmill exercise tests were done according to a randomized double-blind protocol 90 minutes after administration of placebo, 80 mg propranolol, or 120 mg diltiazem, each at both -8 degrees and 20 degrees C. Eight of the patients were classified by history as cold-sensitive before the study. For the entire group, none of the exercise end points differed significantly between cold and normal temperatures with placebo. However, cold-sensitive patients developed 1 mm ST depression 30% sooner (169 +/- 41 versus 244 +/- 38 seconds, p less than 0.01) at -8 degrees C compared with 20 degrees C. At the onset of ischemia, rate-pressure product was lower in the cold (19.8 +/- 1.0 versus 22.0 +/- 1.6 x 10(-3), p less than 0.05). Both propranolol and diltiazem prolonged time to onset of 1 mm ST depression at both...
Cough hypersensitivity syndrome: clinical measurement is the key to progress
Authors: Richard D. Turner, Graham H. Bothamley
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)

The recent European Respiratory Society (ERS) Task Force Report on chronic cough [1] should be commended for drawing attention to a neglected area of respiratory medicine and discussing controversies surrounding the approach to this common clinical problem. Cough hypersensitivity syndrome is proposed as a new shorthand to refer to patient-reported excessive coughing that otherwise evades clinical explanation [1]. As discussed in the report, cough hypersensitivity syndrome may or may not be associated with other causes of chronic cough, and its peripheral and central mechanisms are only partly understood [1]. We call for wider measurement of clinical variables in cough in order to define phenotypes and advance cough research <http://ow.ly/JXnIz>
Effect of sulfinpyrazone on homocysteine-induced endothelial injury and arteriosclerosis in baboons.
Authors: L AHarker, J MHarlan, RRoss
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

The effect of sulfinpyrazone on endothelial injury induced by homocysteine has been studied both in vitro, using cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and in vivo, using a primate model of homocysteine-induced arteriosclerosis. Oral sulfinpyrazone (250 mumol/kg body weight per day in three divided doses) in eight chronically homocystinemic baboons (0.14 +/- 0.04 mM plasma homocystine) decreased the extent of aortic endothelial injury as measured morphometrically by silver staining techniques, compared with six untreated comparably homocystinemic animals (denuded surface averaged 0.5% with range 0-2.1 vs 7.7 +/- 1.6%, respectively; P less than 0.001). Sulfinpyrazone therapy to homocystinemic baboons also normalized platelet survival and turnover measurements (5.1 +/- 0.4 days and 70,000 +/- 11,000 platelets/microliter per day vs. 2.8 +/- 0.6 days and 179,000 +/- 19,000 platelets/microliter per day in untreated homocystinemic controls; P less than 0.001). Sulfinpyrazone therapy also reduced the s...
Portal Hypertension and Celiac Disease: Evolution Of Portal Hypertension With a Gluten Free Diet
Authors: S Chbourk, M Borahma, I Benelbarhdadi, F-Z Ajana
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Celiac disease (CD) is immune-mediated multisystem disorder that may affect several organ induced by the ingestion of gluten. The association with portal hypertension (PH) is rare. The aim of our work is to describe the association between PH and CD and to study the influence of the gluten-free diet (GFD) on the evolution of PH.
High stored iron levels are associated with excess risk of myocardial infarction in eastern Finnish men.
Authors: J TSalonen, KNyyssönen, HKorpela, JTuomilehto, RSeppänen, RSalonen
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDIron can induce lipid peroxidation in vitro and in vivo in humans and has promoted ischemic myocardial injury in experimental animals. We tested the hypothesis that high serum ferritin concentration and high dietary iron intake are associated with an excess risk of acute myocardial infarction.METHODS AND RESULTSRandomly selected men (n = 1,931), aged 42, 48, 54, or 60 years, who had no symptomatic coronary heart disease at entry, were examined in the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study (KIHD) in Eastern Finland between 1984 and 1989. Fifty-one of these men experienced an acute myocardial infarction during an average follow-up of 3 years. On the basis of a Cox proportional hazards model adjusting for age, examination year, cigarette pack-years, ischemic ECG in exercise test, maximal oxygen uptake, systolic blood pressure, blood glucose, serum copper, blood leukocyte count, and serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, and triglyceride concentrations, men with seru...
Efficacy of ambulatory systemic vasodilator therapy with oral prazosin in chronic refractory heart failure. Concomitant relief of pulmonary congestion and elevation of pump output demonstrated by improvements in symptomatology, exercise tolerance, hemodynamics and echocardiography.
Authors: N AAwan, R RMiller, A NDeMaria, K SMaxwell, ANeumann, D TMason
Journal: Circulation (1977)

The long-term efficacy of the new oral vasodilator, prazosin (PZ), was evaluated in nine patients with refractory heart failure due to chronic coronary heart disease. Ventricular function was assessed by cardiac catheterization, echocardiography, and treadmill testing; symptomatic evaluation was carried out for two to four months. One hour following 2-7 mg PZ, control left ventricular filling pressure was reduced (32 to 18 mm Hg, P less than 0.001) and cardiac index was elevated (1.95 to 2.89 L/min/m2, P less than 0.001) for a 6-hour period. After two weeks of PZ 2 to 7 mg four times daily, echographic end-diastolic dimension fell (5.7 to 5.4 cm, P less than 0.001) while shortening fraction increased (27.6 to 30.2%, P less than 0.005). Treadmill exercise duration increased from 209 to 317 seconds (P less than 0.001). Symptoms diminished throughout the duration of follow-up (mean 94 days) with improvement in NYHA functional class (3.7 to 2.2, P less than 0.001). Thus, prazosin possesses sustained nitroprus...
Detection of Breast Cancer
Authors: S. Shindell
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I would like to make a brief comment on the excellent article entitled "Increasing the Effort Toward Breast Cancer Detection" by Wertheimeret al.<sup>1</sup>It concerns the figure on page 1312, which assumes a doubling time of 100 days and presents a logarithmic plot showing rate of growth. Seldom does one have an opportunity to determine with some accuracy the actual size of a tumor at three points in time, which enables the estimation of growth rate. In the following instance, a 27-year-old woman noted a lump on routine breast self-examination and estimated its size at 1 cm. Four months later she visited her physician, at which time the size was noted to be 1.5 cm in diameter and a mammogram was done. This was reported as normal. Although attempts were made to have the patient return for either biopsy or further follow-up, she did
Surgery: Its Principles and Practice.
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Low zero-flow pressure and minimal capacitance effect on diastolic coronary arterial pressure-flow relationships during maximum vasodilation in swine.
Authors: G APantely, H DLadley, J DBristow
Journal: Circulation (1984)

During maximum dilation with adenosine in dogs, the diastolic coronary pressure at which flow ceases (Pzf) has been observed to be up to 27 mm Hg above coronary sinus and right atrial pressures. We studied swine to measure the Pzf and to determine the effects of interventions that change collateral flow and coronary capacitance. In 44 swine, the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was instrumented with two catheters, a hydraulic occluder, and a flowmeter. Late diastolic and mean pressure-flow relationships were constructed at a series of pressures produced by partial LAD occlusions during maximum vasodilation. The late diastolic Pzf was 7.0 +/- 2.2 mm Hg (mean +/- SD), less than 4 mm Hg above right atrial pressure; the mean Pzf was 12.1 +/- 3.1 mm Hg, less than 9 mm Hg above right atrial pressure. The Pzf in the LAD did not change significantly (1) during transient simultaneous occlusion of the right coronary artery (RCA) in seven swine (late diastolic Pzf with the RCA open was 6.6 +/- 1.5 mm H...
Primary pulmonary hypertension: natural history and the importance of thrombosis.
Authors: VFuster, P MSteele, W DEdwards, B JGersh, M DMcGoon, R LFrye
Journal: Circulation (1984)

A long-term retrospective follow-up study was made of 120 patients (33 male, 87 female patients) with primary pulmonary hypertension--diagnosed by strict clinical and hemodynamic criteria--to obtain a better understanding of the natural history and possible pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease. The mean age at diagnosis was 34 (3 to 64) years, but only 24 patients (21%) remained alive 5 years later. Lung tissue obtained at autopsy from 56 patients revealed two major pathologic types: thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension in 32 patients (57%) and plexogenic pulmonary arteriopathy in 18 (32%). Thus, in more than half the patients undergoing autopsy the major histologic feature was thrombi without any evidence of plexiform lesions. The two groups were similar with respect to their clinical and hemodynamic features and short survival. Of the variables tested for prognostic importance by stepwise multivariate analysis, only two were significant: pulmonary arterial oxygen saturation (p less than .00001) and a...
Effect of beta-adrenergic blockers on the peripheral circulation in patients with peripheral vascular disease.
Authors: W RHiatt, SStoll, A SNies
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Beta-Adrenergic blockers have not been widely used in patients with peripheral vascular disease because these drugs have been reported to worsen the symptoms of intermittent claudication. To test this assumption we studied the effects of a beta 1-selective and a nonselective beta-adrenergic blocker on postexercise calf blood flow and symptoms of claudication in 19 patients with mild-to-moderate peripheral vascular disease. Subjects received placebo for 3 weeks, and then were randomized to 120 mg/day propranolol or 150 mg/day metoprolol with the use of a crossover design. Blood flow in the calf was measured by strain-gauge plethysmography at rest and immediately after exercise on a bicycle ergometer at a low and a high workload. The symptoms of claudication were monitored during bicycle exercise and by patient diaries maintained between visits. Maximal exercise heart rate was reduced an equivalent amount by metoprolol (19 beats/min) and propranolol (16 beats/min). Mean arterial pressure was reduced by prop...
Myocardial mechanical, biochemical, and structural alterations induced by chronic ethanol ingestion in rats.
Authors: J MCapasso, GGuideri, AMalhotra, RCortese, PAnversa
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

To determine the effects of moderate ethanol consumption on the mechanical, biochemical, and structural characteristics of the heart, myocardial mechanical performance, contractile protein enzyme activity, and the number and size of myocytes were measured in male Fischer 344 rats after the ingestion of 30% oral ethanol. Papillary muscles removed from the left ventricle were greater in length, weight, and cross-sectional area than the corresponding muscles from the right side. However, no differences were found between control and ethanol-treated myocardium when either the left or right side was compared separately. Chronic ethanol ingestion resulted in an increase in resting tension in left ventricular muscles, with no alteration in peak developed tension. Moreover, time to peak tension was significantly prolonged, whereas a depression was observed in the peak rate of isometric tension development. Isotonically, left muscles from ethanol-treated rats revealed a prolongation of time to peak shortening and ...
Regulation of phosphorylase kinase in rat ventricular myocardium. Role of calmodulin.
Authors: D KWerth, D RHathaway, A MWatanabe
Journal: Circulation Research (1982)

Conversion of phosphorylase b to a which is catalyzed by the enzyme phosphorylase kinase is known to require Ca++. Trifluoperazine, an inhibitor of calmodulin-dependent enzymes, was utilized in the present study to clarify the role in vivo of calcium-calmodulin regulation of phosphorylase kinase. Twenty-minute preperfusion of isolated rat ventricles with 10(-5) M trifluoperazine had no effect on basal levels of phosphorylase a but significantly attenuated phosphorylase activation induced by either calcium (3.75 mM) or isoproterenol (3 x 10(-9) M, 3 x 10(-8) M). The positive inotropic effect of both agents and cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) levels were not altered by trifluoperazine in the perfused hearts. In addition, no effects of 10(-5) M trifluoperazine were noted on beta-adrenergic receptor binding of [3H](+/-)carazolol or on adenylate cyclase activity. In vitro studies with partially purified rat cardiac phosphorylase kinase demonstrated 1.5- to 3-fold stimulation by exogenous calmodulin...
The effect of ibuprofen on accumulation of indium-111-labeled platelets and leukocytes in experimental myocardial infarction.
Authors: J LRomson, B GHook, V HRigot, M ASchork, D PSwanson, B RLucchesi
Journal: Circulation (1982)

To assess the ability of ibuprofen to influence the extent of platelet aggregation and leukocyte infiltration during acute myocardial infarction, autologous indium-111 (111-In)-labeled platelets or leukocytes were injected before 60 minutes of left circumflex coronary artery (LCx) occlusion, followed by 24 hours of reperfusion in the canine heart. Myocardial infarct size, as a percent of the area at risk, was reduced in the ibuprofen-treated group (12.5 mg/kg i.v. every 4 hours beginning 30 minutes before LCx occlusion) by 40%, from 48 +/- 4% in control animals to 29 +/- 4% in ibuprofen-treated dogs (p = 0.005). Quantification of the platelet-associated 111In radioactivity in irreversibly injured myocardium indicated that ibuprofen did not alter the accumulation of platelets in infarcted myocardium. In contrast, leukocyte accumulation in infarcted tissue was reduced significantly. In tissue samples with 0.41-0.60 gram infarct, the infarcted/normal ratio of leukocyte radioactivity was 12 +/- 2 in control d...
Enhanced left ventricular performance in endurance trained older men.
Authors: D RSeals, J MHagberg, R JSpina, M ARogers, K BSchechtman, A AEhsani
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDThe age-associated decline in aerobic exercise capacity is partially reversible by endurance exercise training. Moderate-intensity endurance exercise training increases aerobic exercise capacity mediated, in part, by improvement of stroke volume and left ventricular performance in older men. The present study was designed to characterize the nature of cardiovascular adaptations to strenuous endurance exercise of long duration and to delineate the mechanisms underlying increased stroke volume and cardiac output in highly trained older endurance athletes.METHODS AND RESULTSNine male master athletes (MA: 64 +/- 2 years old, mean +/- SEM) and 9 older sedentary healthy men (controls: 63 +/- 1 year) were studied. Left ventricular systolic function was evaluated with the use of cardiac blood pool imaging and echocardiography. Maximal O2 uptake (VO2max) was 50.4 +/- 1.7 mL.kg-1 x min-1 in the MA and 29.6 +/- 1.4 mL.kg-1 x min-1 (P = .0001) in controls. Systolic and mean blood pressures at rest and durin...