tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
NEXT: A single-arm, phase 2, open-label study of adjuvant nivolumab after completion of chemo-radiation therapy in patients with localized muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
Authors: Sumati Gupta, G. Daniel Grass, Benjamin L. Maughan, Rohit K. Jain, Christopher B. Dechet, Alejandro Sanchez, Brock O Neil, Michael Adam Poch, Roger Li, Shane Lloyd, Jonathan David Tward, Tenzin Kunsang Phunrab, Josiah Hawks, Umang Swami, Kenneth M Boucher, Neeraj Agarwal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

506 Background: Nivolumab has known efficacy as adjuvant therapy after radical cystectomy in localized muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). We are evaluating the efficacy of nivolumab adjuvant to definitive chemo-radiation therapy (CRT) in MIBC. Methods: In the NEXT study, we are currently enrolling patients with localized MIBC undergoing standard CRT. Participants are started on nivolumab 480 mg IV every 4 weeks (up to 12 doses) within 90 days of completion of CRT. Cystoscopic and scan-based assessments are done every 3 months for the first two years (yrs). The primary endpoint is failure-free survival (FFS) at 2 yrs from the start of CRT, with failure defined as local or systemic disease recurrence. Secondary endpoints include toxicity and quality of life (QOL) assessments. We have planned correlative studies on peripheral blood and tumor tissue. We performed a protocol-defined interim safety and efficacy analysis to assess the 6-month FFS rate with CRT and adjuvant nivolumab. Results: From 8/03/2017 to 9/28/2021, 20 patients were enrolled at two centers; median age is 76 yrs, clinical stage range is T2-T4b, N0-N+, M0; the median number of nivolumab cycles is 6.5, and the median follow-up is 8.9 months. The estimated 6-month FFS rate is 88.2% (95% CI 74.2% - 100%). Disease has progressed in 9 patients, of which 4 have local bladder recurrence (T1 in 3/4) and 5 have distant metastases. The estimated median FFS is 17.1 months (95% CI 8.71 months - infinity). Grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events (AEs) are noted in 3/20 patients (15%): elevated transaminases, diarrhea, and polymyalgia rheumatica. Grade 3 radiation therapy oncology group (RTOG) AEs occurred in 2 patients. QOL measures are serially evaluable in 13 patients for the first 3 months of adjuvant nivolumab, and are stable in the domains of disease-related physical symptoms, treatment side effects, and function/well-being, while are significantly improved (p=0.023) in the domain of disease-related emotional symptoms. Conclusions: In this first report of the role of immunotherapy adjuvant to CRT for localized bladder cancer, adjuvant nivolumab is well tolerated and has promising efficacy. Clinical trial information: NCT03171025.
Asthma
Authors: R. S. B. Pearson
Journal: BMJ (1958)

The main advances in the symptomatic treatment of asthma lie in the use of corticoid substances and their derivatives.The older bronchodilators, however, re- main the drugs of choice in cases of mild or moderate severity.Their effectiveness in some cases has been im- proved by modification in their structure, in their physi- cal state, or by the combined use of more than one pre- paration, so that side-effects have been reduced or the rate of absorption modified.The use of the following preparations in asthma will be discussed:(1) Bronchodilators: (a) Sympathomimetic drugs.(b) Xanthine derivatives.(c) Miscellaneous.(2) Corticoid preparations and corticotrophin.(3) Sedatives.Sympathomimetic Drugs These include adrenaline, isoprenaline, methoxyphenamine, and ephedrine.Ephedrine (30 mg.) and methoxyphenamine (100 mg.) are given by mouth and may be used in the treatment or prophylaxis of mild attacks.They are also useful in emphysematous patients with bronchospasm.Though they are less potent than isoprenaline or adrenaline.their action persists for a longer time.Isoprenaline can be pre- scribed sublingually in doses of 10-20 mg. or as an aerosol 1% hand spray.Inhalations of the aerosol delivered by means of pressure from an oxygen cylinder or electric motor may be continued for 15-30 minutes in exceptional circumstances.Adrenaline hydrochloride (1: 1.000) 0.5-1.0ml. or bitartrate (1: 2,000) 1-2 ml. are given subcutaneously in severe attacks.Repeated doses of 0.05-0.1 ml.every 1-2
Erratum
Authors: Mmisdcl Journki, Lane Samuel, G |_Au', C Healey, C Hodgson, W Jolliffe, W Jones, C Kenny, C Martin, H Montgomery, J Morrissey, J M', Munn O'brien, W Odlum, J Reilly, T Perkins, J Potter, F Purcell, A Sainpey, R Scully, J Shee, E Siberry, L Strangman, R Strangman, F Walpole, A Wright, Examination.-E Profosrional, A Bourke, D Bowen, T Carroll, M Conlon, G Corcoran, E Creighton, G Culli- Gan, J Davidge, K Davys, M Delaney, J Delaney, T Dwyer, A Greene, T Halligan, T Hennessey, A Lauder, Jas Leventon, P Lynch, H Lyons, J Martin, E Martin, E Meeke, J Moore, P Morrissey, D Morrissey, W O'brien, E Pope, A Seale, M Sterling, A Stucidert, W Twigg, E Third Profes8io, " Al, Examination.-G Ayres, J Behane, A Callaghan, H C&rre, W Coney's, L Corbet, C Dolan, R Hannan, E Harvey, H Hunt, P Hunt, H Joyce, C Moffat, H Murphy, J M'dermott, M 'm'lannahan, W O'brien, T Pigott, J Poirotte, W Power, C Roe, R Rothwell, H Somerville, W Sweeney, E Taylor, H Tennant, A Aikin, G Best, W Black, E Cambie, A Cooper, C Cowell, J Eisner, E Goode, G Guinness, R Hamilton, W Hunt, H Kane, J Le Fanu, R Moore, V M'combe, R M'donagh, J Oliver, S O'callaghan, Perry Prittie, J Reddington, F Stoker, J Passed, W Anderson, C Chichester, J Elliott, H Falkner, G Fleming, M D', E Jordan, W Parr, N Townsend, H Falkner, F Golding, F Madden, W Posnett, N Townsend, C Warren, F Chichester, P Golding, S Peacocke, Lohn Barton, F Henry, Gregg Sherlock, William Stoker, Thomas Studley, Charleq Wall, Montgomery Ward
Journal: BMJ (1892)
Clinical Chemistry, New York
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Leads from the MMWR. Guidelines for prevention of Herpesvirus simiae (B virus) infection in monkey handlers
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Oestrogen receptors and survival in early breast cancer.
Authors: R Croton, T Cooke, S Holt, W D George, R Nicolson, K Griffiths
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Oestrogen receptor status was related to survival in 414 patients with primary breast cancer. Women with oestrogen receptors in their tumours survived significantly longer than those without receptors; this was true for both premenopausal and postmenopausal women and also when the patients were subdivided into those with and without axillary metastases. Patients with axillary metastases and no oestrogen receptors in their tumours had the worst prognosis, while women with axillary metastases and oestrogen receptors had a death rate similar to that of women with no axillary metastases and no receptors. Patients without oestrogen receptors and with no axillary metastases were identified as a high-risk group, and it would seem appropriate to include such patients in future trials for adjuvant therapy in early breast cancer.
Medical Reform
Authors: W. Simpson
Journal: BMJ (1844)

GENTLEMEN,-As the sub-committee of the medical profession find it difficult to procure the names of country practitioners, so as to be able to forward to them copies of the " Address to the Medical Profes- sion," I have been directed to solicit the favor, through your Journal, of requesting gentlemen re- siding in provincial towns to forward names of medi- cal gentlemen, with their addresses, to whom they think copies ought to be sent.
Vesical Imaging-Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS).
Authors: Shunsuke Ikuma, Go Kimura, Hikaru Mikami, Masato Yanagi, Yuki Endo, Hayato Takeda, Jun Akatsuka, Yuka Toyama, Yukihiro Kondo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

453 Background: The VI-RADS has been widely used as diagnostic criteria for MRI to predict muscle-invasive of bladder cancer (MIBC). The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of VI-RADS in our hospital and the clinicopathological features of true positive (TP), false positive (FP), true negative (TN), and false negative (FN) cases to identify possible factors for misdiagnosis. Methods: Of the 286 patients who underwent TURBT at our hospital from January 2019 to October 2020, we selected 129 consecutive cases who had performed preoperative enhanced mpMRI and diagnosed as urothelial carcinoma pathologically. We defined VI-RADS score ≥4 as positive for MIBC. The clinicopathological features of TP, FP, TN, and FN groups were retrospectively analyzed and compared. Chi-square test and Mann–Whitney U test were used for the test between the two groups. Results: VI-RADS score in MIBC cases were 2 cases for ≤3 and 22 for ≥4, and in non-MIBC cases 91 cases for ≤3 and 14 for ≥4. The diagnostic performance of VI-RADS for MIBC was 92% for sensitivity, 87% for specificity, 61% for positive predictive value, 98% for negative predictive value, 88% for accuracy and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.89. There were no statistical differences of age and %male cases between TP (22 cases), FP (14), TN (91) and FN (2) groups. Pathological features of the (TP, FP, TN, FN) groups were shown (table). TP had significantly larger tumor size than the other three groups, and higher %G3, %tumor necrosis and %variant+ than FP and TN. FP group had significantly larger tumor size than the TN. Conclusions: VI-RADS showed high diagnostic performance in predicting MIBC. Our study showed that larger tumor size was a significant factor for overestimation, suggesting the need for improved accuracy in cases with large tumor size.[Table: see text]
Effect of Azo-Dye Hepatocarcinogenesis on the Substrate Induction of Tryptophan Pyrrolase Activity&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1961)

The substrate induction of tryptophan pyrrolase activity in the liver of rats was investigated to determine whether the ingestion of 3′-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene (3′-Me-DAB) caused an early precancerous loss of this adaptive response. The results indicated that after 3, 4, or 5 weeks on diets containing 0.06 percent 3′-Me-DAB, the tryptophan pyrrolase activity after injection of 50 mg tryptophan per 100 g body weight was approximately sixfold greater than the activity in saline-injected animals on the same dietary regimen. On the other hand, the data indicated that the magnitude of the substrate-induced adaptive response among animals fed 3′-Me-DAB was usually less than that of animals on basal diets. Animals were fed 4-dimethylaminoazobenzene (DAB) or 4 derivatives of DAB with markedly different carcinogenic activities, and tryptophan pyrrolase activities were determined after substrate induction. Adaptive responses were observed with all 5 azo dyes, and the lowest adaptive response was fivefold higher than the saline-injected animals on the same dietary regimen. The lowest substrate induction was observed among animals fed a choline-deficient diet containing 0.25 percent ethionine, and supplementation of this diet with 0.6 percent methionine did not alter this response. Adaptation in vitro of tryptophan pyrrolase activity in a tissue-culture medium containing 4.16 mM tryptophan was consistently observed whether animals were maintained 4 weeks on a basal diet or this diet containing 0.06 percent 3′-Me-DAB or 4′-Me-DAB. From the results obtained, apparently there was no major alteration of the substrate induction of tryptophan pyrrolase activity during the early stages of hepatocarcinogenesis with azo dyes.
Multi-modal molecular imaging maps the correlation between tumor microenvironments and nanomedicine distribution
Authors: Nicole Strittmatter, Jennifer I. Moss, Alan M. Race, Daniel Sutton, Jaime Rodriguez Canales, Stephanie Ling, Edmond Wong, Joanne Wilson, Aaron Smith, Colin Howes, Josephine Bunch, Simon T. Barry, Richard J.A. Goodwin, Marianne B. Ashford
Journal: Theranostics (2022)

Gaining insight into the heterogeneity of nanoparticle drug distribution within tumors would improve both design and clinical translation of nanomedicines. There is little data showing the spatio-temporal behavior of nanomedicines in tissues as current methods are not able to provide a comprehensive view of the nanomedicine distribution, released drug or its effects in the context of a complex tissue microenvironment. Methods: A new experimental approach which integrates the molecular imaging and bioanalytical technologies MSI and IMC was developed to determine the biodistribution of total drug and drug metabolite delivered via PLA-PEG nanoparticles and to overlay this with imaging of the nanomedicine in the context of detailed tumor microenvironment markers. This was used to assess the nanomedicine AZD2811 in animals bearing three different pre-clinical PDX tumors. Results: This new approach delivered new insights into the nanoparticle/drug biodistribution. Mass spectrometry imaging was able to differentiate the tumor distribution of co-dosed deuterated non-nanoparticle-formulated free drug alongside the nanoparticle-formulated drug by directly visualizing both delivery approaches within the same animal or tissue. While the IV delivered free drug was uniformly distributed, the nanomedicine delivered drug was heterogeneous. By staining for multiple biomarkers of the tumor microenvironment on the same tumor sections using imaging mass cytometry, co-registering and integrating data from both imaging modalities it was possible to determine the features in regions with highest nanomedicine distribution. Nanomedicine delivered drug was associated with regions higher in macrophages, as well as more stromal regions of the tumor. Such a comparison of complementary molecular data allows delineation of drug abundance in individual cell types and in stroma. Conclusions: This multi-modal imaging solution offers researchers a better understanding of drug and nanocarrier distribution in complex tissues and enables data-driven drug carrier design.
Abstract 26: Evaluating Variation in Return of Spontaneous Circulation Rates Across EMS Agencies in Michigan
Authors: Mahshid Abir, Rama Salhi, Jason Goldstick, Jessica Lehrich, Sydney Fouche, Claude Setodji, Bill Forbush, Steve Kronick, Teri Shields, Erin Brennan, Robert Swor, Brian O’Neil, Robert Neumar, Brahmajee Nallamothu, CARES Surveillance Group
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) outcomes vary significantly across U.S. communities; however, systems of care factors that increase the likelihood of survival have not been well elucidated. The Enhancing Pre-Hospital Outcomes for Cardiac Arrest (EPOC) study is quantifying variation in the rate of sustained return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) upon ED arrival across Michigan EMS agencies as a first step to identifying ‘best practices’ in prehospital OHCA care. Methods: Michigan Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival (CARES) data for the years 2014-2016 was used. EMS agencies with 5+ arrests over the study years were included in the analysis. Using mixed-effects logistic regression, we calculated each agency’s reliability-adjusted sustained ROSC upon ED arrival; these rates were standardized across patient-, community-, and arrest-level characteristics. Results: A total of 91 agencies covering &gt;6.8 million lives met inclusion criteria. We included 14,219 OHCA patients with a mean age of 62.6, 40.0% female, and 18.2% with a shockable rhythm in the analyses. Across all agencies, the mean patient-standardized rate of sustained ROSC with pulse upon ED arrival was 25.3% (range, 6.1%-51.9%; IQR range, 18.9%-31.2%) ( Figure 1 ). There were 14 agencies with patient-standardized rates and 95% CIs that exceeded the overall mean survival rate suggesting better-than-average outcomes while 16 agencies had rates and 95% CIs that were lower than the overall mean survival rate. Conclusion: We found more than 8-fold variation in OHCA survival rates across EMS agencies in Michigan, suggesting large differences in the effectiveness of prehospital systems of care. Future qualitative work will seek to identify ‘best practices’ by further determining the role of key factors such as tele-dispatch CPR, EMS agencies, fire, and police within high performing systems.
TCT-518: Radial versus Femoral access approaches in percutaneous coronary intervention of patients receiving bivalirudin. On behalf of the EUROVISION Investigators. Martial Hamon, Christopher Nienaber, Stefano Galli, Janusz Lipiecki, Kurt Huber, Britta Goldmann, Dietrich Gulba, Debra Bernstein, Efthymios Deliargyris
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections vs Placebo for Patients With Ankle Osteoarthritis
Authors: Gregory P. Guyton
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Therapeutics.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Maternity services.
Authors: C. R. Morison
Journal: BMJ (1969)

try, knowing that consultant posts are not likely to be available for them, we should welcome them and use them.Their numbers may well diminish during the next ten years or so, but they at least give us a chance to adjust to the new situation gradually.If and when these most valuable Common- wealth doctors do stay at home our problem will become more difficult.I don't think the "medical assistant" grade will ever get off the ground, but the "assistant surgeon " with the promise of full status after a limited period-perhaps of only three or four years- may perhaps be more acceptable.Finally, there must be many hospitals where even now the resident strength is well below what has formerly been regarded as desirable, and it would be interesting to hear the views of the consultants involved.-Iam, etc.,
Mental Retardation
Authors: Z. Stein, M. Susser
Journal: BMJ (1963)

However, a careful history revealed that mild symptoms of endocrine dyscrasia existed before the development of a fullblown lhypopituitarism.Menarche at 15 was followed by sporadic bleedings of varying duration (from a few hours to 14 days), always with scanty flow.Frequent spells of depres- sion were explained by the family physician as a " minor defect self-correctable by mar- dage."Marriage at 22 somewhat regularized oligomenorrhoeic menses.Married life, 'iowever, was unsatisfactory.She experi- einced no orgasms and coitus was regarded vnly as a necessity for reproduction.After marriage, the " moody " spells became more frequent and alternated with mild euphoria.After prolonged therapy with chorionic gonadotropins the patient achieved preg- aancy in the sixth year of marriage.The uneventful pregnancy ended by low-forceps Jelivery.However, a mild haemorrhage followed the manual removal of the retained placenta.A complete absence of milk pro- hibited breast-feeding.Menses never returned after birth of the -bild.The spells of deep depressions with periodic psychomotor outbursts required institutionalization. Several courses of insulin ind electric shock therapy over a five-year period did not alter the course of the disease.Eventually the endocrinological work-up established the true picture of the metabolic Jerangement.Physical examination revealed a short and abese female with peri-orbital oedema, seanty pubic and axillary hair, B.P. 90/60, pulse 58, slow tendon reflexes, and no litoral and vaginal reflexes.