tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of Cold Snare Polypectomy (CSP) of Intermediate Sized Colorectal Polyps 10 - 15 MM - A Prospective Observational Feasibility Trial (COLDSNAP-1)
Authors: P Rechberger, JD Ulrich, M Abdelhafez, G von Figura, J Bachmann, A Poszler, J Wiessner, A Herner, T Lahmer, V Phillip, U Mayr, B Haller, M Jesinghaus, RM Schmid, C Schlag
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Cold snare polypectomy (CSP) has been gaining interest in recent years and is already an integral part of guidelines for polyps <10mm in size. In contrast to hot snare polypectomy (HSP), CSP doesn’t involve electrocautery and therefore shows less adverse events (AE) with comparable resection rates. However, little is known about histological resection rates of CSP for adenomas 10 - 15 mm. Therefore, this study evaluates the efficacy and safety of CSP for these adenomas.
Shall The Journal be Removed to Washington?
Authors: A. F. Huntoon
Journal: JAMA (1891)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I can see nothing to be gained by removingThe Journalto Washington, D. C.; while, on the other hand, by so doing you leave one of the best medical centres in the world, and takeThe Journalto the extreme border of its circulation, thereby depriving many of its readers of its reading for many days after publication. If there is any necessity for movingThe Journalfrom Chicago, I would be in favor of St. Louis, or some equally good city located mid-Continent, and if I consult my selfish choice, Chicago is preeminently that choice. W. Duluth, Minn., February 21, 1891.
Enhancement of regional myocardial efficiency and persistence of perfusion, oxidative, and functional reserve with paired pacing of stunned myocardium.
Authors: S RBergmann, C JWeinheimer, M ABrown, J EPerez
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDStunned myocardium reflects postreperfusion dysfunction in myocardium that is destined to ultimately fully recover. Most investigators attribute postreperfusion stunning to a primary defect in excitation-contraction coupling or to an altered sensitivity of the myofilaments to calcium. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the interrelation between myocardial perfusion, oxidative metabolism, and function in an effort to better characterize the phenomenon of myocardial stunning, to define the regional efficiency of stunned myocardium, and to characterize its reserve capacity.METHODS AND RESULTSRegional myocardial perfusion (measured with radiolabeled microspheres), myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2) (quantified with positron emission tomography using 1-11C-acetate), and myocardial function (assessed with two-dimensional echocardiography) were evaluated in 12 anesthetized, closed-chest dogs subjected to 15 minutes of left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion followed by reperfusio...
Platelet reactivity in vivo in dogs with arterial prostheses seeded with endothelial cells.
Authors: G PClagett, W EBurkel, J BSharefkin, J WFord, HHufnagel, D WVinter, R HKahn, L MGraham, J CStanley, P WRamwell
Journal: Circulation (1984)

This study was designed to assess platelet activity in vivo with vascular prostheses seeded with endothelial cells to determine the time course for development of thromboresistance and to test the ability of prostheses to produce prostacyclin. Sixteen dogs were randomly allocated to receive seeded (experimental group) or unseeded (control group) velour Dacron aortic prostheses. Serial measurements of platelet survival were performed to assess platelet interaction with prostheses in vivo, and platelet serotonin was monitored as an index of platelet release in vivo. After placement of prostheses, dogs in the experimental group had rapid normalization of platelet survival, with most having normal platelet survival at 4 to 8 weeks after surgery. In contrast, most control animals had reduced platelet survival throughout the 12 week period of study. Significant differences between groups in mean platelet survival were noted at 8 weeks after surgery (p less than .005) and in mean platelet serotonin at 12 weeks a...
Vertebral fractures in steroid dependent asthma and involutional osteoporosis: a comparative study.
Authors: S J Gallacher, J A Fenner, K Anderson, B B Adamson, S W Banham, I T Boyle
Journal: Thorax (1992)

Bronchoalveolar lavage as a research tool I enjoyed the timely review of broncho- alveolar lavage by Drs E H Walters and P V Gardiner (September 1991;46:613-8) but take exception to several of their conclusions.They referred to their earlier work' in which 3H20 was incorporated into the blood or airspace fluid and its movement between these compartments was measured.From this they calculated that 39% of the aspirated fluid flowed into the airspaces from the blood.I would argue that exchange of 3H20 between these compartments is driven by concentra- tion differences and would occur regardless of whether or not there was any net movement of fluid.Net movement of fluid from the blood into the airspaces would dilute solutes present in the airspaces and the authors cite decreases in methylene blue concentrations seen by them- selves and others to support their hypothesis.They did not, however, rule out diffusion of this small solute out of the airspaces or its reduction to colourless derivatives.Decreases in airway concentrations of '"Tc colloid, which they also observed, may be related to sedimentation or adherence of this indicator to epithelial membranes.When soluble macromolecules (labelled albumin or labelled dextran) have been instilled into the airspaces by several different investigators, no decreases in concentrations were detectable (see, for example, ref 2).Bulk movement of water across the pulmonary epithelium is constrained by the high reflection coefficients ofthe epithelium to both small and large solute molecules,3 and movement of electrolytes and 14C urea across the epithelium is too slow to suggest significant movement of fluid between these com- partments during lavage.4It can be calculated from these reflection coefficients that ultra- filtration of solute free fluid into the airspaces would require extreme pressures, which are not generated during lavage (> 5000 mm Hg).
Quinidine delays IK activation in guinea pig ventricular myocytes.
Authors: D MRoden, P BBennett, D JSnyders, J RBalser, L MHondeghem
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

A major action of the antiarrhythmic agent quinidine is prolongation of cardiac repolarization. In these experiments, the time-dependent effects of quinidine on the delayed rectifier potassium current, IK, a current contributing to cardiac repolarization, were investigated in acutely disaggregated guinea pig ventricular myocytes using the whole-cell recording configuration of the patch-clamp method. The effect of quinidine on IK was dependent on the duration of depolarization. After long (2,000 msec) pulses, IK was reduced by 30 +/- 27% (SD; n = 8, paired) by 10 microM quinidine; in contrast, after short (100 msec) pulses, the drug decreased IK 65 +/- 35% (p less than 0.05). This effect was found both in paired experiments as well as when quinidine-pretreated cells were compared to non-pretreated cells. Quinidine significantly delayed IK activation (9 +/- 20 msec at baseline vs. 44 +/- 25 msec in drug, p less than 0.05), but did not alter the subsequent time course of activation (time constant 659 +/- 118...
Bimodal effect of stimulation on light fluctuation transients monitoring spontaneous sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release in rat cardiac muscle.
Authors: A AKort, E GLakatta
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

Microscopic, myofilament motion caused by spontaneous oscillatory Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of unstimulated rat papillary muscles produces scattered light intensity fluctuations (SLIF) in a laser beam scattered by the tissue. SLIF frequency increases with Ca2+ loading of resting muscle. We used novel time-gated SLIF measurements to determine how electrical stimulation (which per se both induces SR Ca2+ release and modulates total cellular Ca2+ loading) affects SLIF. Stimulation of thin rat, right ventricular muscles at 1 Hz in bathing [Ca2+] (Ca0) of 1.5 mM at 29 degrees C abolished SLIF for 5-7 seconds; SLIF then reappeared and monotonically increased for 10-15 seconds to reach the steady resting level. Resting force transients paralleled those of SLIF. The magnitude of depression and time course of recovery of both resting force and SLIF at this Ca0 vary inversely with the rate of prior stimulation and the number of stimuli given. An increase in Ca0 or disablement of the Na-K pum...
Influence of heart rate, preload, afterload, and inotropic state on myocardial ultrasonic backscatter.
Authors: K BSagar, L EPelc, T LRhyne, L SWann, D CWaltier
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Ultrasonic backscatter is substantially modified by pathologic changes in myocardium. Influence of physiologic changes in heart rate, mean arterial pressure, preload, and inotropic state were studied in 17 anesthetized open-chest dogs. Heart rate was changed with atrial pacing/ULFS'49 (a selective bradycardiac agent). Mean arterial pressure was varied with aortic constriction/nitroprusside, preload was altered with nitroglycerin/volume infusion, and inotropic states were altered with dobutamine (10 microns/kg)/esmolol (100 microns/kg). IBR5, an optimum weighted frequency average (4 to 6.8 MHz) of the squared envelope of diffraction corrected for absolute backscatter, and the Fourier coefficient of amplitude modulation (FAM), an index of cardiac cycle-dependent variation, were measured from six sequential electrocardiographically gated intervals throughout the cardiac cycle. Heart rate, mean arterial pressure, preload, and inotropic state did not significantly affect IBR5. FAM increased from 3.5 +/- 0.3 dB...
Danforth's Obstetrics and Gynecology
Authors: T. Keith Edwards
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Approximately 150 years ago no person had ever traveled faster than a horse could run. Since then knowledge and technology have increased at a logarithmic rate. Today, obstetrician-gynecologists are tested for board certification. This testing routinely includes questions that were not even being asked two years earlier when the obstetrician-gynecologist finished residency. In spite of this explosion of knowledge and technology, it is the stated aim of this textbook "to cover the modern practice of obstetrics and gynecology as concisely and completely as possible and with maximum authority" (preface). The four doctors who have been brave enough to attempt that challenge are professors and chairs of obstetrics-gynecology departments at four universities. They have written and co-authored one third of the chapters in this book. In an attempt to truly cover the field with maximum authority, they have enlisted 61 additional experts. They have made some very happy choices. For example,
Hemodynamic and microvascular responses in the hindquarters during the development of renal hypertension in rats. Evidence for the involvement of an autoregulatory component.
Authors: G AMeininger, V MLubrano, H JGranger
Journal: Circulation Research (1984)

Microvascular responses in the cremaster muscle were compared with changes in mean arterial pressure and hindquarters vascular resistance during the development (initial 3 hours) of two-kidney one-clip renal hypertension in rats, to examine the possibility that an autoregulatory mechanism may contribute to the development of hypertension. Rats were anesthetized with urethane and chloralose and implanted with Doppler flow probes on the renal artery and abdominal aorta. Acute hypertension was produced by inflation of a balloon occluder on the renal artery to reduce renal flow by 50%. The cremaster muscle was isolated with intact innervation and circulation for measurement of microvessel diameters. To determine whether increased pressure contributed to the changes in hindquarters vascular resistance or in microvascular diameters during acute hypertension, arterial pressure was prevented from increasing in the hindquarters region after renal artery stenosis by servo-controlled inflation of a balloon occluder ...
Magic-TT (Magnetism-induced cell target transplantation) Improves the Effect of Intra-Bone Marrow Transplantation Resulting in Rapid Hematopoietic Reconstitution in Allogenic Murine Transplantation Model
Authors: Qiusui Mai, Qianli Jiang, Yufang Lv, Qiaolan Wu, Yongjun Zhou, Qiuxia Zhang, Xiaoli Chen, Pengxin Qiao, Jing Sun, Qifa Liu, Linlin Zhang, Liting Huang
Journal: Blood (2017)
Delayed diagnosis of slipped upper femoral epiphysis
Authors: N H Harris
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2002)

The article by Mr Ankarath and colleagues (July 2002 JRSM1) restates what has been known for at least forty years. The message was necessary since nothing has changed over the years. I agree with the suggested remedy—namely, an appropriate X-ray in adolescents with undiagnosed hip or knee pain of more than a week's duration. However, they do not put enough emphasis on the very common presentation with knee pain. Seeing these patients for medicolegal purposes I find that often the doctor first consulted did not examine the hip or observe the gait. Sometimes the knee is X-rayed. Limitation of internal rotation at the hip and walking with the leg in some external rotation are simple warning signs well within the capabilities of a general practitioner or an accident and emergency doctor.
Renal Function in Transfusion-Dependent β-Thalassemia Patients: A Decade of Follow-up and Comparison between Chelation Regimes
Authors: Osama Tanous, Yossi Azulay, Tal Dujovny, Netta Schwarz, Raul Colodner, Ariel Koren, Carina Levin
Journal: Blood (2017)
Recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia. 2. Endocardial mapping.
Authors: M EJosephson, L NHorowitz, AFarshidi, J FSpear, J AKastor, E NMoore
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Endocardial ventricular mapping of 21 ventricular tachyardias (VT) in 17 patients was performed using electrode catheters. Activation at multiple left and right ventricular sites was utilized to determine the site of origin of the VT. Eleven VT had a left bundle branch block pattern (VT-LBBB) and 10 VT had right bundle branch block pattern (VT-RBBB). In all VT-RBBB the earliest site of activation was in the LV or septum. In VT-LBBB the earliest site was RV (4/11), LV (5/11) and septum (2/11). All ventricular tachycardias with QRS less than 140 msec arose in the septum. In patients with an aneurysm, the site of origin of ventricular tachycardia was always in the aneursm. All VT-LBBB arising from the left ventricle originated in an aneurysm involving the septum. QRS changes during ventricular tachycardia were associated with alterations in the patterm of ventricular activation without alteration of the site of origin. In three patients the site of origin predicted by endocardial ventricular mapping was conf...
End-systolic volume and long-term survival after coronary artery bypass graft surgery in patients with impaired left ventricular function.
Authors: A WHamer, MTakayama, K AAbraham, A HRoche, A RKerr, B FWilliams, M CRamage, H DWhite
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDLeft ventricular function is the main predictor of long-term survival in patients with coronary artery disease. In patients with impaired left ventricular function after myocardial infarction, end-systolic volume is a better predictor than the global ejection fraction. We analyzed long-term follow-up of patients with impaired left ventricular function undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery to evaluate preoperative predictors of survival.METHODS AND RESULTSConsecutive patients with ejection fractions < or = 40% (n = 193) who had undergone surgical revascularization were followed to assess the predictive value of preoperative baseline characteristics and catheterization findings for long-term survival. Patients were followed for 133 +/- 30.7 months. At the time of surgery, patient age was 56 +/- 7.9 years and 169 patients (87.6%) had a history of previous myocardial infarction. Thirty-one patients (16%) were female. The ejection fraction was 32 +/- 7%, and the end-systolic volume was 147....
Single channel recordings from human cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Authors: S RHolmberg, A JWilliams
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Native membrane vesicles of human cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum have been fused with artificial lipid bilayers to obtain recordings of single chloride and calcium release channels. Tissue was obtained from the explanted hearts of patients with end-stage cardiac failure undergoing heart transplantation. Although previous studies of calcium uptake and release have shown that the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum is abnormal in end-stage cardiac failure, the basic properties of the channels are similar to those reported for equivalent channels from normal animal tissue.
Changes in cardiovascular health knowledge occurring from childhood to adulthood. A cross-sectional study.
Authors: C WWhite, M AAlbanese
Journal: Circulation (1981)

A standardized test of cardiovascular health knowledge was administered to 1367 students, ages 12-18 years, and 562 adults, ages 20-60 years. Mean scores were: ages 12-14 years, 42.5 +/- 0.7% (SEM); 15-18 years, 49.1 +/- 0.1%; 20-40 years, 68.7 +/- 0.7%; 40-60 years, 68.2 +/- 0.7% correct. Cardiovascular health knowledge increased linearly in the student population, averaging 3.08% per year. Increases continued to occur in adults, but plateaued after age 40 years, despite an increasing incidence of cardiovascular disease in this age group. Health knowledge was highly correlated with the highest educational achievement. At all age levels, knowledge of diagnostic tests was highest and knowledge of pathophysiology lowest. A personal or family history of heart disease or history of an elevated serum cholesterol was not a stimulus for increases in health knowledge.
Evaluation of a Multiethnic Polygenic Risk Score Model for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Anna Plym, Kathryn L Penney, Sarah Kalia, Peter Kraft, David V Conti, Christopher Haiman, Lorelei A Mucci, Adam S Kibel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2021)

Abstract Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) of common genetic variants have shown promise in prostate cancer risk stratification, but their validity across populations has yet to be confirmed. We evaluated a multiethnic PRS model based on 269 germline genetic risk variants (261 were available for analysis) using an independent population of 13 628 US men. The PRS was strongly associated with prostate cancer but not with any other disease. Comparing men in the top PRS decile with those at average risk (40%-60%), the odds ratio of prostate cancer was 3.89 (95% confidence interval = 3.24 to 4.68) for men of European ancestry and 3.81 (95% confidence interval = 1.48 to 10.19) for men of African ancestry. By age 85 years, the cumulative incidence of prostate cancer for European American men was 7.1% in the bottom decile and 54.1% in the top decile. This suggests that the PRS can be used to identify a substantial proportion of men at high risk for prostate cancer.
The Role of Endoscopic Ultrasound‐Guided Fine‐Needle Biopsy (EUS‐FNB) for the Diagnosis of Gastric Linitis Plastica
Authors: P Karagyozov, I Zhecheva, I Tishkov
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Gastric Linitis plastica (GPL) is a difuse type of carcinoma which accounts for 3–19 % of gastric adenocarcinomas. It is characterised by a thickening and stiffening of the gastric wall. The condition is often difficult to be diagnosed endoscopically- the endoscopic appearance could be unremarkable and the mucosal biopsies are often negative for malignant cells due to cancer infiltrating the submucosa and proper muscle layer. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of EUS‐FNB using 22G Franseen-tip needle for the diagnosis of gastric linitis plastic after negative histology, obtained during upper endoscopy.
Transmural cellular damage and blood flow distribution in early ischemia in pig hearts.
Authors: HFujiwara, MAshraf, SSato, R WMillard
Journal: Circulation Research (1982)

Transmural histological changes were determined morphometrically in the left ventricular free wall of 20 pigs after ligation of distal left anterior descending coronary artery for 10, 20, 40, and 120 minutes. Hemodynamics were recorded and regional blood flow distribution was measured in the ischemic zone. Coronary occlusion produced regional transmural ischemia without producing significant systemic hemodynamic change. The microsphere blood flow technique revealed that blood flow was less than 0.05 ml/min per g in all layers of the ischemic zone, i.e., inner, middle, and outer thirds. Ischemic cellular damage was classified and quantified from grade 0 to grade 5 (0 being normal and 5 being the most severe damage) with light microscopy and confirmed by electron microscopy. Layers of 200 micrometers immediately beneath the endocardium and epicardium showed minimal ischemic damage of less than grade 1.4 regardless of duration of ischemia in all hearts. In the ischemic left ventricular wall, except for the a...
Gold Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Charles L. Short, William W. Beckman, Walter Bauer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

THE ease of evaluation of a therapeutic agent varies in proportion to the natural course of the disease for which it is to be used. In subacute bacterial endocarditis, which, if untreated, carries a nearly uniformly fatal prognosis, therapeutic success is evidenced by an appreciable increase in the survival rate. In lobar pneumonia, the specificity of the sulfonamides and penicillin has been established by a significant reduction in the mortality rate and rapid alterations in the clinical manifestations. The appraisal of therapy, however, in a benign, self-limited disease such as the common cold has been extremely difficult even in well . . .
Endoscopic Internal Drainage for the Management of Leak, Fistula and Collection after Sleeve Gastrectomy in 617 Consecutive Patients
Authors: A Spota, F Cereatti, JL Dumont, G Donatelli
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Leaks, fistulae and post-operative collection may occur as a complication of Sleeve Gastrectomy in up to 10 % of cases. Endoscopy plays a pivotal role in the management of adverse events following bariatric surgery. However a standardized treatment protocol is still lacking. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical outcome of Endoscopic Internal Drainage for the management of leaks, fistulae and collections following bariatric surgery.
Incidence, significance, and pharmacological responses of catheter-induced mechanical trauma in patients receiving radiofrequency ablation for supraventricular tachycardia.
Authors: C EChiang, S AChen, T JWu, C JYang, C CCheng, S PWang, B NChiang, M SChang
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDCatheter-induced mechanical trauma is unfavorable during electrophysiological study. However, its incidence, significance, and pharmacological responses in patients receiving radiofrequency ablation for supraventricular tachycardia have not been investigated.METHODS AND RESULTSA prospective study was performed in 666 consecutive patients with documented, symptomatic supraventricular tachycardia. All had been referred for electrophysiological study and radiofrequency ablation. Catheter-induced mechanical trauma was defined by either disappearance of or change in preexcitation pattern induced by the electrode catheters or noninducibility of tachycardia after the electrode catheter-induced termination of tachycardia, confirmed by electrophysiological study. Adenosine, isoproterenol, and atropine were serially administered 1 hour after the mechanical trauma to study pharmacological response. Rescue radiofrequency ablation was defined as delivery of radiofrequency energy just at the presumed ablati...