tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impact of polygenic risk communication: an observational mobile application-based coronary artery disease study
Authors: Evan D. Muse, Shang-Fu Chen, Shuchen Liu, Brianna Fernandez, Brian Schrader, Bhuvan Molparia, André Nicolás León, Raymond Lee, Neha Pubbi, Nolan Mejia, Christina Ren, Ahmed El-kalliny, Ernesto Prado Montes de Oca, Hector Aguilar, Arjun Ghoshal, Raquel Dias, Doug Evans, Kai-Yu Chen, Yunyue Zhang, Nathan E. Wineinger, Emily G. Spencer, Eric J. Topol, Ali Torkamani
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2022)

We developed a smartphone application, MyGeneRank, to conduct a prospective observational cohort study (NCT03277365) involving the automated generation, communication, and electronic capture of response to a polygenic risk score (PRS) for coronary artery disease (CAD). Adults with a smartphone and an existing 23andMe genetic profiling self-referred to the study. We evaluated self-reported actions taken in response to personal CAD PRS information, with special interest in the initiation of lipid-lowering therapy. 19% (721/3,800) of participants provided complete responses for baseline and follow-up use of lipid-lowering therapy. 20% (n = 19/95) of high CAD PRS vs 7.9% (n = 8/101) of low CAD PRS participants initiated lipid-lowering therapy at follow-up (p-value = 0.002). Both the initiation of statin and non-statin lipid-lowering therapy was associated with degree of CAD PRS: 15.2% (n = 14/92) vs 6.0% (n = 6/100) for statins (p-value = 0.018) and 6.8% (n = 8/118) vs 1.6% (n = 2/123) for non-statins (p-value = 0.022) in high vs low CAD PRS, respectively. High CAD PRS was also associated with earlier initiation of lipid lowering therapy (average age of 52 vs 65 years in high vs low CAD PRS respectively, p-value = 0.007). Overall, degree of CAD PRS was associated with use of any lipid-lowering therapy at follow-up: 42.4% (n = 56/132) vs 28.5% (n = 37/130) (p-value = 0.009). We find that digital communication of personal CAD PRS information is associated with increased and earlier lipid-lowering initiation in individuals of high CAD PRS. Loss to follow-up is the primary limitation of this study. Alternative communication routes, and long-term studies with EHR-based outcomes are needed to understand the generalizability and durability of this finding.
Forging Forward in Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Gwendolyn M. Cramer, Keith A. Cengel, Theresa M. Busch
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

Abstract In 1978, a Cancer Research article by Dougherty and colleagues reported the first large-scale clinical trial of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for treatment of 113 cutaneous or subcutaneous lesions associated with ten different kinds of malignancies. In classic applications, PDT depends on excitation of a tissue-localized photosensitizer with wavelengths of visible light to damage malignant or otherwise diseased tissues. Thus, in this landmark article, photosensitizer (hematoporphyrin derivative) dose, drug–light interval, and fractionation scheme were evaluated for their therapeutic efficacy and normal tissue damage. From their observations came early evidence of the mechanisms of PDT's antitumor action, and in the decades since this work, our knowledge of these mechanisms has grown to build an understanding of the multifaceted nature of PDT. These facets are comprised of multiple cell death pathways, together with antivascular and immune stimulatory actions that constitute a PDT reaction. Mechanism-informed PDT protocols support the contribution of PDT to multimodality treatment approaches. Moreover, guided by an understanding of its mechanisms, PDT can be applied to clinical needs in fields beyond oncology. Undoubtedly, there still remains more to learn; new modes of cell death continue to be elucidated with relevance to PDT, and factors that drive PDT innate and adaptive immune responses are not yet fully understood. As research continues to forge a path forward for PDT in the clinic, direction is provided by anchoring new applications in mechanistically grounded protocol design, as was first exemplified in the landmark work conducted by Dougherty and colleagues. See related article by Dougherty and colleagues, Cancer Res 1978;38:2628–35
Diversity in Surgery Residents and Unwanted Mistreatment
Authors: Wenliang Bai, Mengxin Zhou, Shanqing Li
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Eisenmenger Syndrome
Authors: Alexandra Arvanitaki, Michael A. Gatzoulis, Alexander R. Opotowsky, Paul Khairy, Konstantinos Dimopoulos, Gerhard-Paul Diller, George Giannakoulas, Margarita Brida, Massimo Griselli, Ekkehard Grünig, Claudia Montanaro, Peter David Alexander, Rebecca Ameduri, Barbara J.M. Mulder, Michele D’Alto
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)

Although major breakthroughs in the field of pediatric cardiology, cardiac surgery, intervention, and overall care improved the outlook of congenital heart disease, Eisenmenger syndrome (ES) is still encountered and remains a complex clinical entity with multisystem involvement, including secondary erythrocytosis, increased thrombotic and bleeding diathesis, high arrhythmogenic risk, progressive heart failure, and premature death. Clearly, care for ES is best delivered in multidisciplinary expert centers. In this review, we discuss the considerable recent progress in understanding the complex pathophysiology of ES, means of prognostication, and improvement in clinical outcomes achieved with pulmonary arterial hypertension–targeted therapies. Additionally, we delineate areas of uncertainty in various aspects of care, discuss gaps in current evidence, and review current status in less privileged countries and propose initiatives to reduce disease burden. Finally, we propose the application of emerging technologies to enhance the delivery and quality of health care related to ES and beyond.
POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY/COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION IMAGING WITH MYOCARDIAL BLOOD FLOW HAS HIGH NEGATIVE PREDICTIVE VALUE TO RULE OUT MODERATE-SEVERE CARDIAC ALLOGRAFT VASCULOPATHY IN PATIENTS WITH HEART TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: Bryan Abadie, Nicholas Chan, Zarina Sharalaya, Pavan Bhat, Miriam Jacob, Randall C. Starling, Wai Hong Wilson Tang, Jerry D. Estep, Paul Cremer, Wael A. Jaber
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Inhaled ciclesonide for outpatient treatment of COVID-19 in adults at risk of adverse outcomes: a randomised controlled trial (COVERAGE)
Authors: Alexandre Duvignaud, Edouard Lhomme, Racha Onaisi, Rémi Sitta, Ambre Gelley, Julie Chastang, Lionel Piroth, Christine Binquet, Julie Dupouy, Alain Makinson, Benjamin Lefèvre, Jean-Marc Naccache, Caroline Roussillon, Roland Landman, Cédrick Wallet, Sophie Karcher, Valérie Journot, Duc Nguyen, Thierry Pistone, Stéphane Bouchet, Marie-Edith Lafon, Mathieu Molimard, Rodolphe Thiébaut, Xavier de Lamballerie, Jean-Philippe Joseph, Laura Richert, Olivier Saint-Lary, Sarah Djabarouti, Linda Wittkop, Xavier Anglaret, Denis Malvy
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2022)

To assess the efficacy of inhaled ciclesonide in reducing the risk of adverse outcomes in COVID-19 outpatients at risk of developing severe illness.COVERAGE is an open-label, randomized controlled trial. Outpatients with documented COVID-19, risk factors for aggravation, symptoms for ≤7 days, and absence of criteria for hospitalization are randomly allocated to either a control arm or one of several experimental arms, including inhaled ciclesonide. The primary efficacy endpoint is COVID-19 worsening (hospitalization, oxygen therapy at home, or death) by Day 14. Other endpoints are adverse events, maximal follow-up score on the WHO Ordinal Scale for Clinical Improvement, sustained alleviation of symptoms, cure, and RT-PCR and blood parameter evolution at Day 7. The trial's Safety Monitoring Board reviewed the first interim analysis of the ciclesonide arm and recommended halting it for futility. The results of this analysis are reported here.The analysis involved 217 participants (control 107, ciclesonide 110), including 111 women and 106 men. Their median age was 63 years (interquartile range 59-68), and 157 of 217 (72.4%) had at least one comorbidity. The median time since first symptom was 4 days (interquartile range 3-5). During the 28-day follow-up, 2 participants died (control 2/107 [1.9%], ciclesonide 0), 4 received oxygen therapy at home and were not hospitalized (control 2/107 [1.9%], ciclesonide 2/110 [1.8%]), and 24 were hospitalized (control 10/107 [9.3%], ciclesonide 14/110 [12.7%]). In intent-to-treat analysis of observed data, 26 participants reached the composite primary endpoint by Day 14, including 12 of 106 (11.3%, 95% CI: 6.0%-18.9%) in the control arm and 14 of 106 (13.2%; 95% CI: 7.4-21.2%) in the ciclesonide arm. Secondary outcomes were similar for both arms.Our findings are consistent with the European Medicines Agency's COVID-19 task force statement that there is currently insufficient evidence that inhaled corticosteroids are beneficial for patients with COVID-19.
The transcription factor LRF promotes integrin β7 expression by and gut homing of CD8αα+ intraepithelial lymphocyte precursors
Authors: Jia Nie, Andrea C. Carpenter, Laura B. Chopp, Ting Chen, Mariah Balmaceno-Criss, Thomas Ciucci, Qi Xiao, Michael C. Kelly, Dorian B. McGavern, Yasmine Belkaid, Rémy Bosselut
Journal: Nature Immunology (2022)
Mast cell sarcoma: 2 Mayo Clinic cases
Authors: Amritpal Singh, Hassan Alkhateeb, Animesh Pardanani, Rong He, Attilio Orazi, Ayalew Tefferi, Kaaren K. Reichard
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2022)

I M A G E 1 A 60-year-old man with femoral bone mast cell sarcoma.The neoplastic cell are large , some are multinucleated, with irregular nuclei, multiple nucleoli and abundant pink cytoplasm.The tumor cells expressed tryptase, CD117, CD33, CD30, and a small subset showing weak CD123 (arrows).They were negative for CD25 and CD2.KIT D816V mutation was not detected.KRASG12C detected
RISK FACTORS AND ASSOCIATED OUTCOMES IN ADOLESCENT AND ADULT CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE PATIENTS WITH DOWN SYNDROME UNDERGOING CARDIAC SURGERY
Authors: Sarah Goldberg, Chereen Z. Chalak, Brett R. Anderson, Justin Jeffrey Elhoff, Stephanie Gaydos, Adam Lubert, Peter Sassalos, Kimberlee Gauvreau, Michelle Gurvitz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
In search of viable SARS-CoV-2 in the tear film: a prospective clinical study in hospitalized symptomatic patients
Authors: Laura Leysen, Heleen Delbeke, Stefanie Desmet, Pieter-Paul Schauwvlieghe, Piet Maes, Gauthier Blanckaert, Emiel Matthys, Marie Joossens, Ingele Casteels
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2022)
IMPACT OF IMPELLA RP VERSUS VASOACTIVE TREATMENT ON LEFT VENTRICULAR STRAIN IN A PORCINE MODEL OF ACUTE CARDIOGENIC SHOCK DUE TO RIGHT CORONARY ARTERY EMBOLIZATION.
Authors: Peter Frederiksen, Jakob Josiassen, Ole Helgestad, Nanna Louise Junker Udesen, Ann Bøcher Secher Banke, Henrik Schmidt, Lisette Okkels Jensen, Hanne Berg Ravn, Jacob Eifer Møller
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Universal Hepatitis B Vaccination in Adults Aged 19–59 Years: Updated Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices — United States, 2022
Authors: Mark K. Weng, Mona Doshani, Mohammed A. Khan, Sharon Frey, Kevin Ault, Kelly L. Moore, Eric W. Hall, Rebecca L. Morgan, Doug Campos-Outcalt, Carolyn Wester, Noele P. Nelson
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2022)

Hepatitis B (HepB) vaccines have demonstrated safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy during the past 4 decades (1,2). However, vaccination coverage among adults has been suboptimal, limiting further reduction in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections in the United States. This Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommendation expands the indicated age range for universal HepB vaccination to now include adults aged 19-59 years. Removing the risk factor assessment previously recommended to determine vaccine eligibility in this adult age group (2) could increase vaccination coverage and decrease hepatitis B cases.
OUTPATIENT CARDIAC MONITORING TO DETERMINE ARRHYTHMIC BURDEN AFTER COVID-19 HOSPITALIZATION
Authors: Nicholas Beccarino, Eric Pagan, David Chang, Lu Chen, Michael Alston, Beom Soo Kim, Alexander Smith, Joseph You, Raman L. Mitra, Jonathan Willner, Stuart Beldner, Laurence Mark Epstein
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Longitudinal Association of Depressive Symptoms, Binge Eating, and Quality of Life With Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Young Adults With Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: The TODAY2 Study
Authors: Marsha D. Marcus, Rachelle Gandica, Laure El ghormli, Janine Higgins, Bereket Tesfaldet, Dorit Koren, Sarah Macleish, Elia Nila Escaname, Ruth S. Weinstock
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)

OBJECTIVE To report the prevalence of depression, eating disorder symptoms, and impaired health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and examine their longitudinal associations with glycemia and diabetes complications in young adults with youth-onset type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Participants recruited over a 4-year period were enrolled at 15 clinical diabetes centers in the follow-up observational Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY2) study. From 2014–2020, prevalence of symptoms of depression, eating disorders, and HRQOL by sex, race/ethnicity, and baseline family income were assessed annually. Longitudinal relationships between assessments of glycemia and complications with psychiatric symptoms and HRQOL were evaluated in adjusted models. RESULTS Participants (n = 514) were 21.7 ± 2.5 years old with a diabetes duration of 8.6 ± 1.5 years in year 1 of TODAY 2 (2014). Symptoms of depression and impaired HRQOL were common and increased significantly over 6 years (14.0% to 19.2%, P = 0.003; and 13.1% to 16.7%, P = 0.009, respectively). Depression and impaired HRQOL were more common in women and those with lower baseline family income but did not differ by race/ethnicity. Rates of binge eating were stable over time; self-reported purging increased. Over time, symptoms of depression were associated with higher HbA1c, hypertension, and retinopathy progression; impaired HRQOL was associated with higher BMI, systolic blood pressure, hypertension, and retinopathy progression; and symptoms of eating disorders were associated with higher BMI. CONCLUSIONS Significant psychiatric symptoms and impaired HRQOL are common among emerging adults with youth-onset type 2 diabetes and are positively associated with glycemia, hypertension, and retinopathy progression in this group that is at ongoing risk for medical morbidity.
Phylogeny-Aware Chemoinformatic Analysis of Chemical Diversity in Lamiaceae Enables Iridoid Pathway Assembly and Discovery of Aucubin Synthase
Authors: Carlos E. Rodríguez-López, Yindi Jiang, Mohamed O. Kamileen, Benjamin R. Lichman, Benke Hong, Brieanne Vaillancourt, C. Robin Buell, Sarah E. O'Connor
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2022)

Abstract Countless reports describe the isolation and structural characterization of natural products, yet this information remains disconnected and underutilized. Using a cheminformatics approach, we leverage the reported observations of iridoid glucosides with the known phylogeny of a large iridoid producing plant family (Lamiaceae) to generate a set of biosynthetic pathways that best explain the extant iridoid chemical diversity. We developed a pathway reconstruction algorithm that connects iridoid reports via reactions and prunes this solution space by considering phylogenetic relationships between genera. We formulate a model that emulates the evolution of iridoid glucosides to create a synthetic data set, used to select the parameters that would best reconstruct the pathways, and apply them to the iridoid data set to generate pathway hypotheses. These computationally generated pathways were then used as the basis by which to select and screen biosynthetic enzyme candidates. Our model was successfully applied to discover a cytochrome P450 enzyme from Callicarpa americana that catalyzes the oxidation of bartsioside to aucubin, predicted by our model despite neither molecule having been observed in the genus. We also demonstrate aucubin synthase activity in orthologues of Vitex agnus-castus, and the outgroup Paulownia tomentosa, further strengthening the hypothesis, enabled by our model, that the reaction was present in the ancestral biosynthetic pathway. This is the first systematic hypothesis on the epi-iridoid glucosides biosynthesis in 25 years and sets the stage for streamlined work on the iridoid pathway. This work highlights how curation and computational analysis of widely available structural data can facilitate hypothesis-based gene discovery.
Trends in Incidence of Metastatic Prostate Cancer in the US
Authors: Mihir M. Desai, Giovanni E. Cacciamani, Karanvir Gill, Juanjuan Zhang, Lihua Liu, Andre Abreu, Inderbir S. Gill
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has recommended against routine prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-based prostate cancer (PCa) screening, initially for men older than 75 years in 2008, and then for all men in 2012. Concern has been raised that, by recommending against screening, and thus early detection, the USPSTF recommendations may be associated with an increase in the incidence of metastatic PCa (mPCa).To explore the incidence of mPCa before and after the USPSTF recommendations against routine PCa screening.This population-based cohort study used the recently released Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 18 registry incidence data to identify men aged 45 years and older with a diagnosis of invasive PCa from 2004 through 2018. Data were analyzed from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2018.Outcomes were assessed before vs after the USPSTF recommendations against routine screening.Annual age-adjusted incidence rates per 100 000 population of mPCa (defined using SEER Summary Stage and American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC] staging systems), with adjustments for age structure and reporting delay from 2004 to 2011, according to race and age were examined. Annual percentage changes (APCs) were calculated to quantify changes in the annual incidence rates.From 2004 to 2018, a total of 836 282 patients with PCa were recorded in the SEER database; 26 642 (56.5%) distant mPCa cases were reported in men aged 45 to 74 years, and 20 507 (43.5%) cases were reported in men aged 75 years or older. Among men aged 45 to 74 years, the incidence rate of distant mPCa (SEER Summary staging) remained stable during 2004 to 2010 (APC, -0.4%; 95% CI, -1.7% to 1.1%; P = .60), then increased significantly during 2010 to 2018 (APC, 5.3%; 95% CI, 4.5% to 6.0%; P < .001). In men aged 75 years or older, the incidence rate of distant mPCa decreased from 2004 to 2011 (APC, -1.5%; 95% CI, -3.0% to 0%; P = .046), and then increased from 2011 to 2018 (APC, 6.5%; 95% CI, 5.1% to 7.8%; P < .001). Similar trends were also seen for M1 mPCa defined per the AJCC staging system. These increased trends in mPCa incidence were particularly significant in non-Hispanic White men (2010-2018 APC, 6.9%; 95% CI, 5.4% to 8.4%; P < .001).Analysis of the emerging trends from the most recently released SEER data set (2004-2018) suggests that the incidence rates of mPCa have increased significantly and coincide temporally with the USPSTF recommendations against PCa screening across races and age groups. These mPCa trends are associated with reported changes in screening practices following the USPSTF recommendations.
EFFECT OF CARDIAC ARREST MANAGEMENT PATHWAYS ON QUALITY-OF-CARE OUTCOMES IN AN ACADEMIC TERTIARY-CARE CENTER
Authors: Juliette Beaulieu, Hamza Ouazani Chahdi, Chloé Moazzami, Laurie-Anne Boivin-Proulx, Alexis Matteau, Samer Mansour, Francois Gobeil, Jeannot Potvin, Brian J. Potter
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
PULMONARY ARTERY CATHETER USE AND MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIOGENIC SHOCK: A META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Qais Radaideh, Waiel Abusnina, Mahmoud Ismayl, Ahmad Al-Abdouh, Shiva Ponamgi, Munthir M. Mansour, Ahmed Salah Ahmed Aboeata, Arun Kanmanthareddy, Khagendra B. Dahal
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
CLO22-045: Gastrointestinal Safety Profile of Sonic Hedgehog Inhibitors in Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Muhammad Zain Farooq, Mishal Shan Siddiqui, Syed Ali Farhan, Mahima Khatri, Syed Hamza Bin Waqar, Saad Khalid, Ankit Mangla
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2022)

"CLO22-045: Gastrointestinal Safety Profile of Sonic Hedgehog Inhibitors in Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis" published on 31 Mar 2022 by National Comprehensive Cancer Network.
COMPARATIVE OUTCOMES OF INTERVENTIONS FOR FEMOROPOPLITEAL OCCLUSIONS FROM THE MULTI-CENTER XLPAD REGISTRY
Authors: Shirling Tsai, Yulun Liu, Bala Ramanan, Michael Vu, Hua Lu, Mohamad A. Alaiti, Jerrold M. Grodin, David C. Metzger, Emmanouil S. Brilakis, Subhash Banerjee
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
THE EFFECT OF ONCE-WEEKLY OF HIGH DOSE SEMAGLUTIDE ON BODY WEIGHT AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY: A META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS
Authors: Mohammed Al-Sadawi, Faisal Aslam, Maryam Alsadaoee, Hina Ijaz, Kalyani Dhar, Abhijeet Singh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
PANDEMONIUM FROM AMMONIA: DEVASTATING HYPERAMMONEMIA SECONDARY TO UREAPLASMA INFECTION IN CONGENITAL COMBINED HEART LIVER TRANSPLANT
Authors: Marwah Shahid, Pryce Gaynor, Leigh Christopher Reardon, James Wilson, Margrit Carlson, Megan Y. Kamath
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Benefits of mobile application in food allergy patients and caregivers
Authors: Kranjana Chayutimaphan, Wiparat Manuyakorn, Sirinapa Siwarom, Jetsada Arnin, Watcharoot Kanchongkittiphon, Chayaniss Pachasidchai, Potjanee Kiewngam, Wanlapa Jotikasthira, Adithep Sawatchai
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2022)