tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Conditional relative survival among patients with follicular lymphoma: a population-based study in the Netherlands
Authors: Manette A. W. Dinnessen, Otto Visser, Sanne H. Tonino, Eduardus F. M. Posthuma, Nicole M. A. Blijlevens, Marie José Kersten, Pieternella J. Lugtenburg, Avinash G. Dinmohamed
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2021)
Abstract 14166: Changes in Oxygen Pulse During Exercise can Identify Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF)
Authors: Satyam Sarma, Graeme Carrick-Ranson, Naoki Fujimoto, Paul S Bhella, Jeffrey L Hastings, Dean Palmer, Benjamin D Levine
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: Accurate identification of patients with HFpEF is challenging. Patient symptoms are subjective and objective markers can be confounded by age, body mass and relative fitness. Although...
Effect of paracellular permeation enhancers on intestinal permeability of two peptide drugs, enalaprilat and hexarelin, in rats
Authors: David Dahlgren, Tobias Olander, Markus Sjöblom, Mikael Hedeland, Hans Lennernäs
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2021)

Transcellular permeation enhancers are known to increase the intestinal permeability of enalaprilat, a 349 Da peptide, but not hexarelin (887 Da). The primary aim of this paper was to investigate if paracellular permeability enhancers affected the intestinal permeation of the two peptides. This was investigated using the rat single-pass intestinal perfusion model with concomitant blood sampling. These luminal compositions included two paracellular permeation enhancers, chitosan (5 mg/mL) and ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA, 1 and 5 mg/mL), as well as low luminal tonicity (100 mOsm) with or without lidocaine. Effects were evaluated by the change in lumen-to-blood permeability of hexarelin and enalaprilat, and the blood-to-lumen clearance of 51chromium-labeled EDTA (CLCr-EDTA), a clinical marker for mucosal barrier integrity. The two paracellular permeation enhancers increased the mucosal permeability of both peptide drugs to a similar extent. The data in this study suggests that the potential for paracellular permeability enhancers to increase intestinal absorption of hydrophilic peptides with low molecular mass is greater than for those with transcellular mechanism-of-action. Further, the mucosal blood-to-lumen flux of 51Cr-EDTA was increased by the two paracellular permeation enhancers and by luminal hypotonicity. In contrast, luminal hypotonicity did not affect the lumen-to-blood transport of enalaprilat and hexarelin. This suggests that hypotonicity affects paracellular solute transport primarily in the mucosal crypt region, as this area is protected from luminal contents by a constant water flow from the crypts.
MO01.35 Efficacy and Safety of Larotrectinib in Patients with Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase (TRK) Fusion Lung Cancer
Authors: A. Drilon, V. Moreno, J. Patel, U. Lassen, B. Solomon, L. Rosen, S. Leyvraz, D.S.W. Tan, J.A. Reeves, L. Dima, N. Brega, S. Kummar, A.F. Farago
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Abstract 16225: Protein Energy Malnutrition is Associated With Increased Inpatient Mortality in Patients Admitted for Atrial Fibrillation: Analysis of the National Inpatient Sample
Authors: Emmanuel Akuna, Iriagbonse Asemota, Ehizogie Edigin, Hafeez Shaka, Precious O Eseaton, Praise Nwachukwu, Mavi Rivera Pavon
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Various forms of protein energy malnutrition (PEM) has been shown to affect different heart pathologies through its underlying pathogenesis of unabating chronic inflammation. The effect of PEM on atrial fibrillation (AF) is unclear. Our study sought to estimate the impact of PEM on clinical outcomes of hospitalizations for AF using a national database Methods: We queried the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) 2016 and 2017 database. The NIS is the largest inpatient hospitalization database in the United States. The NIS was searched for hospitalization of adult patients with AF as a principal diagnosis with and without PEM as a secondary diagnosis using ICD-10 codes. The primary outcome was inpatient mortality while the secondary outcomes were hospital length of stay (LOS) and total hospital charge. STATA software was used for analysis. Multivariate logistic and linear regression analysis was used accordingly to adjust for confounders. Results: There were over 71 million discharges in the combined 2016 and 2017 NIS database. Out of 821,629 AF hospitalizations, 3% had PEM. Hospitalization for AF with PEM had a statistically significant increase in mortality (5.2% vs 0.8%, AOR 2.33, 95% CI 1.96 - 2.78, P&lt;0.0001), with an adjusted increase in mean hospital charge of $15,862 (95% CI 11,999 - 19,725, P&lt;0.0001) and a 2 day increase in LOS (95% CI 2.00 - 2.50, P= &lt;0.0001) compared to those without PEM. Conclusion: In conclusion, PEM resulted in increased mortality, LOS and total hospital charge in patients hospitalized with AF. Nutritional rehabilitation in patients with PEM and concomittant AF may be needed to improve outcomes.
Covid-19: Japan declares second state of emergency as Asia struggles with virus surge
Authors: Mun-Keat Looi
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Japan has declared its second state of emergency regarding covid-19, as the number of daily infections surged to seven times that of the first and Tokyo hospitals reported nearly 80% occupancy.

On 7 January the prime minister, Suga Yoshihide, declared a state of emergency in the capital Tokyo and three surrounding prefectures. This was extended to an additional eight prefectures on 14 January. Health authorities reported over 6600 new cases throughout Japan on 14 January1 as the country’s cumulative case count topped 300 000, with over 4000 deaths. Before and during the first state of emergency, which began in April 2020, the daily case count was under 1000.

Companies have been asked to revert to working from home to try to cut the number of commuters by 70%, while restaurants and other …
Smad3 deficiency promotes beta cell proliferation and function in <i>db/db</i> mice <i>via</i> restoring Pax6 expression
Authors: Jingyi Sheng, Li Wang, Patrick Ming-Kuen Tang, Hong-Lian Wang, Jian-Chun Li, Bi-Hua Xu, Vivian Weiwen Xue, Rui-Zhi Tan, Nana Jin, Ting-Fung Chan, Xiao-Ru Huang, Ronald CW Ma, Hui-Yao Lan
Journal: Theranostics (2021)

Rationale: Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β) /Smad3 signaling has been shown to play important roles in fibrotic and inflammatory diseases, but its role in beta cell function and type 2 diabetes is unknown. Methods: The role of Smad3 in beta cell function under type 2 diabetes condition was investigated by genetically deleting Smad3 from db/db mice. Phenotypic changes of pancreatic islets and beta cell function were compared between Smad3 knockout db/db (Smad3KO-db/db) mice and Smad3 wild-type db/db (Smad3WT-db/db) mice, and other littermate controls. Islet-specific RNA-sequencing was performed to identify Smad3-dependent differentially expressed genes associated with type 2 diabetes. In vitro beta cell proliferation assay and insulin secretion assay were carried out to validate the mechanism by which Smad3 regulates beta cell proliferation and function. Results: The results showed that Smad3 deficiency completely protected against diabetes-associated beta cell loss and dysfunction in db/db mice. By islet-specific RNA-sequencing, we identified 8160 Smad3-dependent differentially expressed genes associated with type 2 diabetes, where Smad3 deficiency markedly prevented the down-regulation of those genes. Mechanistically, Smad3 deficiency preserved the expression of beta cell development mediator Pax6 in islet, thereby enhancing beta cell proliferation and function in db/db mice in vivo and in Min6 cells in vitro. Conclusions: Taken together, we discovered a pathogenic role of Smad3 in beta cell loss and dysfunction via targeting the protective Pax6. Thus, Smad3 may represent as a novel therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes prevention and treatment.
Platelets Facilitate the Wound-Healing Capability of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Mitochondrial Transfer and Metabolic Reprogramming
Authors: Jennyfer Levoux, Alexandre Prola, Peggy Lafuste, Marianne Gervais, Nathalie Chevallier, Zeynab Koumaiha, Kaouthar Kefi, Laura Braud, Alain Schmitt, Azzedine Yacia, Aurélie Schirmann, Barbara Hersant, Mounia Sid-Ahmed, Sabrina Ben Larbi, Katerina Komrskova, Jakub Rohlena, Frederic Relaix, Jiri Neuzil, Anne-Marie Rodriguez
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2021)
Exosome-Mediated Transfer of lncRUNX2-AS1 from Multiple Myeloma Cells to Mesenchymal Stem Cells Contributes to Osteogenic Differentiation
Authors: Hongxia Xu, Chenao Qian, Huiying Han, Jixiang Shi, Jie Gu, Yating Hong, Wenzhuo Zhuang, Bingzong Li
Journal: Blood (2017)
Covid-19: Past infection provides 83% protection for five months but may not stop transmission, study finds
Authors: Elisabeth Mahase
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Covid-19: Past infection provides 83% protection for five months but may not stop transmission, study finds Elisabeth MahasePeople who have previously been infected with covid-19 are likely to be protected against reinfection for several months, but could still carry the virus in their nose and throat and transmit it to others, according to a study which regularly tested thousands of healthcare workers. 11
心磁図は左室機能不全及び心電図上CLBBB/IVCDの患者の”局所”心室伝導遅延を検出できる:孤発性CLBBBとの比較
Authors: Ohishi Shogo, Takaki Hiroshi, Hashimoto Shuji, Yamada Yuko, Okamura Hideo, Noda Takashi, Satomi Kazuhiro, Suyama Kazuhiro, Shimizu Wataru, Aihara Naohiko, Sugimachi Masaru, Kamakura Shiro
Journal: Circulation (2010)
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells contribute to IL-33-mediated alleviation of cardiac fibrosis
Authors: Wei-Yu Chen, Yi-Hsiu Wu, Tzu-Hsien Tsai, Ru-Fang Li, Alan Chuan-Ying Lai, Lung-Chih Li, Jenq-Lin Yang, Ya-Jen Chang
Journal: Theranostics (2021)

Rationale: The major cause of heart failure is myocardium death consequent to detrimental cardiac remodeling and fibrosis following myocardial infarction. The cardiac protective cytokine interleukin (IL)-33, which signals by ST2 receptor binding, is associated with group 2 innate lymphoid cell (ILC2) activation and regulates tissue homeostasis and repair following tissue injury in various tissues. However, the distribution and role of IL-33-responsive ILC2s in cardiac fibrosis remain unclear. In this study, we elucidated the roles of IL-33-responsive cardiac-resident ILC2s and IL-33-mediated immunomodulatory functions in cardiac fibrosis. Methods: We examined the distribution of cardiac ILC2s by using flow cytometry. The roles of IL-33-mediated ILC2 expansion in cardiac fibrosis was evaluated in the mouse model of catecholamine-induced cardiac fibrosis. ILC-deficient Rag2‒/‒IL2Rγc‒/‒ mice were implemented to determine the contribution of endogenous ILC in the progression of cardiac fibrosis. Histopathological assessments, speckle tracking echocardiography, and transcriptome profile analysis were performed to determine the effects of IL-33-mediated cardiac protective functions. Results: We identified the resident cardiac ILC2s, which share similar cell surface marker and transcriptional factor expression characteristics as peripheral blood and lung tissue ILC2s. IL-33 treatment induced ILC2 expansion via ST2. In vivo, ILC-deficient Rag2‒/‒IL2Rγc‒/‒ mice developed exacerbated cardiac fibrosis following catecholamine-induced stress cardiac injury. IL-33 treatment expanded cardiac ILC2s and revealed protective effects against cardiac tissue damage with reduced cardiomyocyte death, immune cell infiltration, tissue fibrosis, and improved myocardial function. Transcriptome analysis revealed that IL-33 attenuated extracellular matrix synthesis- and fibroblast activation-associated gene expressions. IL13-knockout or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition abolished IL-33-mediated cardiac protective function, confirming IL-13 and EGFR signaling as crucial for IL-33-mediated cardioprotective responses. Moreover, ILC2-produced BMP-7 served as a novel anti-fibrotic factor to inhibit TGF-β1-induced cardiac fibroblast activation. Conclusion: Our findings indicate the presence of IL-33-responsive ILC2s in cardiac tissue and that IL-33-mediated ILC2 expansion affords optimal cardioprotective function via ILC2-derived factors. IL-33-mediated immunomodulation is thus a promising strategy to promote tissue repair and alleviate cardiac fibrosis following acute cardiac injury.
Extranodal Natural Killer/T-cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type: Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Jaap A. van Doesum, Anne G. H. Niezink, Gerwin A. Huls, Max Beijert, Arjan Diepstra, Tom van Meerten
Journal: HemaSphere (2021)

The aggressive lymphoma, extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma-nasal type, is strongly associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and is most common in Asia and in South and Central America. By contrast, incidence is low in the United States and Europe, where extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma represents only 0.2%-0.4% of all newly diagnosed non-Hodgkin lymphomas. At diagnosis, it is important to test for EBV DNA in plasma by polymerase chain reaction and to carry out positron emission tomography/computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the nasopharynx. In stage I/II disease, radiotherapy is the most important treatment modality, but in high-risk stage I/II disease (stage II, age > 60 y, elevated lactate dehydrogenase, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score ≥2, primary tumor invasion), it should be combined with chemotherapy. The most optimal responses are reached with nonmultidrug resistance-based therapy (eg, asparaginase- or platinum-based therapy). Therapeutic approaches consist of either platinum-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy or sequential chemoradiotherapy. The minimum dose of radiotherapy should be 50-56 Gy. Treatment of stage III/IV disease consists of 3 cycles of chemotherapy followed by autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation should only be considered in case of relapsed disease or after difficulty reaching complete remission. During treatment and follow-up, plasma EBV levels should be monitored as a marker of tumor load.
OFP01.04 Improving Quality of Pathology Reports for Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) in the Mid-South US
Authors: M. Smeltzer, Y.-S. Lee, N. Faris, C. Fehnel, C. Houston-Harris, M. Meadows-Taylor, M. Ray, A. Mahul, J. Fullenwider, S. Okun, D. Spencer, E. Sales, R. Osarogiagbon
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Taurine treatment reverses protein malnutrition-induced endothelial dysfunction of the pancreatic vasculature: The role of hydrogen sulfide
Authors: Daniele M. Guizoni, Israelle N. Freitas, Jamaira A. Victorio, Isabela R. Possebom, Thiago R. Araujo, Everardo M. Carneiro, Ana P. Davel
Journal: Metabolism (2021)
Continuation versus discontinuation of renin–angiotensin system inhibitors in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19: a prospective, randomised, open-label trial
Authors: Jordana B Cohen, Thomas C Hanff, Preethi William, Nancy Sweitzer, Nelson R Rosado-Santander, Carola Medina, Juan E Rodriguez-Mori, Nicolás Renna, Tara I Chang, Vicente Corrales-Medina, Jaime F Andrade-Villanueva, Alejandro Barbagelata, Roberto Cristodulo-Cortez, Omar A Díaz-Cucho, Jonas Spaak, Carlos E Alfonso, Renzo Valdivia-Vega, Mirko Villavicencio-Carranza, Ricardo J Ayala-García, Carlos A Castro-Callirgos, Luz A González-Hernández, Eduardo F Bernales-Salas, Johanna C Coacalla-Guerra, Cynthia D Salinas-Herrera, Liliana Nicolosi, Mauro Basconcel, James B Byrd, Tiffany Sharkoski, Luis E Bendezú-Huasasquiche, Jesse Chittams, Daniel L Edmonston, Charles R Vasquez, Julio A Chirinos
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2021)
Outcomes of Deep Mural Injury After Endoscopic Resection: An International Cohort of 3717 Large Non-Pedunculated Colorectal Polyps
Authors: Iddo Bar-Yishay, Neal Shahidi, Sunil Gupta, Sergei Vosko, W. Arnout van Hattem, Scott Schoeman, Mayenaaz Sidhu, David J. Tate, Luke F. Hourigan, Rajvinder Singh, Alan Moss, Spiro C. Raftopoulos, Gregor Brown, Simon Zanati, Steven J. Heitman, Eric Y.T. Lee, Nicholas Burgess, Stephen J. Williams, Karen Byth, Michael J. Bourke
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2021)
Placement of an External Ventricular Drain
Authors: Rimal H. Dossani, Devi P. Patra, Danielle L. Terrell, Brian Willis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

Placement of an external ventricular drain allows cerebrospinal fluid to drain from the ventricles to an external collecting system. An EVD is used to both diagnose and treat raised intracranial pressure. This video describes the indications for and technique for placement of an EVD.
Judith Anne Gillian Wright
Authors: Penny Wright
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Judith Anne Gillian Wright (“Judy”) spent most of her career in community paediatrics in central London, working variously for Kensington and Chelsea, Bloomsbury and Camden, and Parkside health authorities, as well as Tower Hamlets Primary Care Trust. She loved the mix and vibrancy of inner city communities and thrived on the variety of clinical situations that she faced working across London, especially in schools and baby clinics.

Judy grew up in Sheffield, where her mother, Doris Fletcher (read obituary at www.bmj.com/content/1/6170/1094) was consultant in dermatology at the United Sheffield Hospitals. After qualifying from …
Incidence of thromboembolism in patients with melanoma on immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy and its adverse association with survival
Authors: Tamara A Sussman, Hong Li, Brian Hobbs, Pauline Funchain, Keith R McCrae, Alok A Khorana
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2021)

Background Thromboembolism (TE) in cancer significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality. Little is known about the incidence of arterial TE (ATE) and venous TE (VTE) in patients with melanoma on immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with melanoma receiving ICI from July 2015 through December 2017 at the Cleveland Clinic. TE, including VTE events of deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, visceral vein thrombosis, and ATE events of myocardial infarction, stroke, peripheral arterial embolism, or transient ischemic attack after ICI initiation were identified. Overall survival (OS) from ICI initiation was estimated by Kaplan-Meier and Cox hazard models; associations between TE, ICI regimen, and clinical risk factors were evaluated using log-rank test. Results The study population comprised 228 patients with median age of 65 years (23–91 years), 67% male, and median follow-up of 27.3 months. Pembrolizumab was most commonly used (38.7%), followed by combination of ipilimumab plus nivolumab (29.4%), ipilimumab (20%), and nivolumab (12.3%). Most had stage IV disease (81.1%) and 11% had brain metastases (BM) at treatment initiation. Fifty-one TE events occurred in 47 patients (20.6%), including 37 (16.2%) VTE and 14 (6.1%) ATE. Cumulative incidence of TE after ICI initiation was 9.3% (95% CI: 6.0% to 13.6%) at 6 months, and 16.0% (95% CI: 11.6% to 21.2%) at 12 months. The 6-month and 12-month VTE cumulative incidence rates were higher with combination ICI than single agent (16.7% vs 5.0% and 21.3% vs 9.5%, respectively; p=0.02). Risk factors significantly associated with VTE in multivariate analysis included combination ICI (HR 2.70; 95% CI: 1.28 to 5.70; p=0.009), Khorana Score ≥1 (HR 2.24; 95% CI: 1.06 to 4.74; p=0.03), history of coronary artery disease (HR 2.71; 95% CI: 1.16 to 6.29); p=0.02), and anticoagulation at treatment start (HR 4.14; 95% CI: 1.60 to 10.7; p=0.003). Of patients without BM, OS was worse in patients with TE compared with those without (2-year OS 50.8% vs 71.3%; HR 2.27; 95% CI: 1.36 to 3.79; p=0.002), when adjusted for age and stage. Conclusions ICI is associated with a high incidence of TE in patients with melanoma, with higher rates with combination therapy; TE is associated with substantial worsening of survival. Further studies are needed to identify pathophysiology, biomarkers, and preventive approaches.
Timing of Pulmonary Valve Replacement in Tetralogy of Fallot Using Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging: An Evolving Process⁎⁎Editorials published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology reflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACC or the American College of Cardiology.
Authors: Kathryn W. Holmes
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Medical Oncology Professionals’ Perceptions of Telehealth Video Visits
Authors: Arianna Heyer, Rachel E. Granberg, Kristin L. Rising, Adam F. Binder, Alexzandra T. Gentsch, Nathan R. Handley
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

<h3>Importance</h3> Telehealth has emerged as a means of improving access and reducing cost for medical oncology care; however, use by specialists prior to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic still remained low. Medical oncology professionals' perceptions of telehealth for cancer care are largely unknown, but are critical to telehealth utilization and expansion efforts. <h3>Objective</h3> To identify medical oncology health professionals' perceptions of the barriers to and benefits of telehealth video visits. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This qualitative study used interviews conducted from October 30, 2019, to March 5, 2020, of medical oncology health professionals at the Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, an urban academic health system in the US with a cancer center. All medical oncology physicians, physicians assistants, and nurse practitioners at the hospital were eligible to participate. A combination of volunteer and convenience sampling was used, resulting in the participation of 29 medical oncology health professionals, including 20 physicians and 9 advanced practice professionals, in semistructured interviews. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Medical oncology health professionals' perceptions of barriers to and benefits of telehealth video visits as experienced by patients receiving cancer treatment. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 29 participants, 15 (52%) were women and 22 (76%) were White, with a mean (SD) age of 48.5 (12.0) years. Respondents' perceptions were organized using the 4 domains of the National Quality Forum framework: clinical effectiveness, patient experience, access to care, and financial impact. Respondents disagreed on the clinical effectiveness and potential limitations of the virtual physical examination, as well as on the financial impact on patients. Respondents also largely recognized the convenience and improved access to care enabled by telehealth for patients. However, many reported concern regarding the health professional–patient relationship and their limited ability to comfort patients in a virtual setting. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Medical oncology health professionals shared conflicting opinions regarding the barriers to and benefits of telehealth in regard to clinical effectiveness, patient experience, access to care, and financial impact. Understanding oncologists' perceptions of telehealth elucidates potential barriers that need to be further investigated or improved for telehealth expansion and continued utilization; further research is ongoing to assess current perceptions of health professionals and patients given the rapid expansion of telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Abstract 11208: Resolution of Migraine With or Without Aura After Transcatheter Closure of Patent Foramen Ovale: Prospective Evaluation
Authors: Teiji Akagi, Takashi Miki, Yoichi Takaya, Koji Nakagawa, Rie Nakayama, Norihisa Toh, Hiroshi Ito
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: Past control studies of PFO closure focused on severe migraine only, and could not reached to confirm the efficacy of PFO closure. To evaluate of the clinical implication of PFO closure...