tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Physicians' Clinical Chart and Fee Book.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Delirium
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Delirium Delirium is a disturbance of consciousness (awareness of the person' s environment) characterized by altered or shifting mental status and inattention (reduced ability to focus, sustain, or shift attention).There are also changes in cognition (basic mental functions) such as memory impairment, disorientation to time or place, and language disturbance.There also may be disturbances of perception (accurate appreciation of the environment) such as hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that are not actually there), abnormal speech, abnormal movements (including tremors or picking at clothing), disruptive or violent behavior, and sudden shifts in emotions.To qualify for a diagnosis of delirium, the signs and symptoms must have a short onset (over a period of hours or days) and change over the course of the day.It is important to make a clear distinction between delirium and dementia (such as Alzheimer disease).Dementia is a disturbance in intellectual (thinking) functions that is usually gradually progressive over a long period.Having delirium along with another medical illness can significantly increase a person' s chance of dying from that illness.It is important for doctors to identify delirium so that it can be treated to improve the person' s overall prognosis.The December 24/31, 2008, issue of JAMA includes an article about agitation and delirium at the end of life.This Patient Page is based on one previously published in the April 14, 2004, issue of JAMA.
Availability of JNCI on Microfiche
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Availability of JNCI on Microfiche Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 59, Issue 1, July 1977, Page 295, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/59.1.295-d Published: 01 July 1977
Multiparametric ultrasound versus multiparametric MRI to diagnose prostate cancer (CADMUS): a prospective, multicentre, paired-cohort, confirmatory study
Authors: Alistair D R Grey, Rebecca Scott, Bina Shah, Peter Acher, Sidath Liyanage, Menelaos Pavlou, Rumana Omar, Frank Chinegwundoh, Prasad Patki, Taimur T Shah, Sami Hamid, Maneesh Ghei, Kayleigh Gilbert, Diane Campbell, Chris Brew-Graves, Nimalan Arumainayagam, Alex Chapman, Laura McLeavy, Angeliki Karatziou, Zayneb Alsaadi, Tom Collins, Alex Freeman, David Eldred-Evans, Mariana Bertoncelli-Tanaka, Henry Tam, Navin Ramachandran, Sanjeev Madaan, Mathias Winkler, Manit Arya, Mark Emberton, Hashim U Ahmed
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2022)
Itaconate and itaconate derivatives target JAK1 to suppress alternative activation of macrophages
Authors: Marah C. Runtsch, Stefano Angiari, Alexander Hooftman, Ridhima Wadhwa, Yanling Zhang, Yunan Zheng, Joseph S. Spina, Melanie C. Ruzek, Maria A. Argiriadi, Anne F. McGettrick, Rui Santalla Mendez, Alessia Zotta, Christian G. Peace, Aoife Walsh, Roberta Chirillo, Emily Hams, Padraic G. Fallon, Ranjith Jayaraman, Kamal Dua, Alexandra C. Brown, Richard Y. Kim, Jay C. Horvat, Philip M. Hansbro, Chu Wang, Luke A.J. O’Neill
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2022)
Lactation Duration and the Risk of Subtypes of Stroke Among Parous Postmenopausal Women From the China Kadoorie Biobank
Authors: Ziyang Ren, Qian Yi, Leying Hou, Tzu Tsun Luk, Yiwen Qiu, Wei Xia, Yimin Zhu, Peige Song, Kazem Rahimi
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

<h3>Importance</h3> Previous studies have reported favorable associations between lactation and cardiovascular diseases. Various stroke subtypes are caused by different pathological processes; however, to date, the associations of lactation duration with different stroke subtypes are less well established. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine the associations of lactation duration with stroke and its subtypes in parous postmenopausal women. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This population-based prospective cohort study included parous postmenopausal women aged 45 to 79 years in the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) study at baseline (2004-2008). Lactation duration was counted as lifetime, mean per child, and for the first child. New-onset stroke and its subtypes (ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage [ICH], and subarachnoid hemorrhage [SAH]) were assessed via disease registries and national health insurance claim databases during follow-up (2008-2015). Data were analyzed from June to December 2021. <h3>Exposures</h3> Lactation duration (lifetime, mean per child, and for the first child). <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The main outcomes were total stroke, ischemic stroke, ICH, and SAH. Multivariable Cox regression was applied to calculate the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) with 95% CIs for stroke and subtypes. <h3>Results</h3> Of 129 511 parous postmenopausal women (median [IQR] age, 58.3 [54.0-64.6] years) without prior stroke at baseline, 15 721 developed stroke, with median (IQR) lifetime lactation duration of 42.0 (24.0-70.0) months among 13 427 women who had ischemic stroke, 54.0 (36.0-84.0) months among 2567 women who had ICH, and 36.0 (24.0-64.5) months among 284 women with SAH. Compared with parous postmenopausal women who had never lactated, those with lifetime lactation duration of at least 7 months had lower risks of ischemic stroke (aHRs varying from 0.52 [95% CI, 0.50-0.55] to 0.64 [95% CI, 0.59-0.69]) and ICH (aHRs, 0.56 [95% CI, 0.49-0.63] to 0.78 [95% CI, 0.64-0.96]). However, for SAH, such associations were found only in participants with lifetime lactation duration longer than 24 months (aHR, 0.61 [95% CI, 0.47-0.79]). Additionally, women with mean lactation duration per child or lactation duration for the first child of 7 months or longer were less likely to develop stroke (aHRs varying from 0.53 [95% CI, 0.52-0.54] to 0.65 [95% CI, 0.63-0.67]) and its subtypes (aHRs varying from 0.51 [95% CI, 0.30-0.87] to 0.75 [95% CI, 0.69-0.81]). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this cohort study, lactation was significantly associated with a lower risk of stroke, especially ischemic stroke, emphasizing the importance of promoting breastfeeding as a targeted prevention strategy of stroke.
Nothing More
Authors: Paul Rousseau
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

Ad Libitum4 March 2008Nothing MorePaul Rousseau, MDPaul Rousseau, MDFrom Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85012.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-148-5-200803040-00010 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail When ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85012.Current Author Address: Paul Rousseau, MD, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 650 East Indian Street, Phoenix, AZ 85012. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 4 March 2008Volume 148, Issue 5Page: 397KeywordsAdolescentsBoneMusclesMuscular dystrophiesPainSwimmingWheelchairs ePublished: 4 March 2008 Issue Published: 4 March 2008 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2008 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Physician Management Companies—Should We Care?
Authors: Francis J. Crosson
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Optimal Calcium Intake
Authors: Robert P. Heaney
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The conclusions of the NIH Consensus Development Panel on Optimal Calcium Intake1 can be summarized as follows: (1) calcium is important for bone health throughout life; (2) most Americans are not getting enough calcium; and (3) the optimal intakes turn out to be higher than we had thought. These are important findings and deserve the broadest possible dissemination to both the general public and the health professions. While the report, in general, is exceptionally well put together, appropriately nuanced, and well documented, there is one paragraph in section 4 (on the best ways to obtain optimal calcium intake) that contains some possibly misleading information.<sup>1(p1946)</sup>The paragraph twice suggests that, if calcium supplements are to be used, they should be ingested between meals, and it implies that gastric acid is needed for absorption of calcium carbonate. The reasons given for the first statement were that calcium can
In advanced CKD with poorly controlled hypertension, chlorthalidone reduced BP at 12 wk
Authors: Deidra C. Crews
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Agarwal R, Sinha AD, Cramer AE, et al. Chlorthalidone for hypertension in advanced chronic kidney disease. N Engl J Med. 2021;385:2507-19. 34739197.
Chronic Arthritis and Fibrositis: Diagnosis and Treatment.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1933)

~~~~BOOK REVIEWS69possible.He emphasizes the use of a high-carbohydrate, low-calorie diet, and has thus pioneered a new and happier era for diabetics.This book is sane and com- prehensive and can be highly recommended as one of the most worthwhile on the subject of diabetes.
Antibody and T-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in myeloproliferative neoplasm patients
Authors: Joan How, Kathleen M. E. Gallagher, Yiwen Liu, Katelin Katsis, Eva L. Elder, Rebecca C. Larson, Mark B. Leick, Donna Neuberg, Marcela V. Maus, Gabriela S. Hobbs
Journal: Leukemia (2022)
Correction
Authors: Helen Christensen, Charles Reynolds, Pim Cuijpers
Journal: World Psychiatry (2017)

grams, and screening programs for severe depression and suicide ideation.Currently, countries rarely implement evidence based programs in schools; there is no central regulation or guidance, leading to one-off, fragmented approaches.The second is to improve treatment, through better service models, which will vary as a function of country.In the US, integration of mental health services into primary/paediatric care may be preferred by patients, because of stigma and convenience, and there is a clear need for realistic payment models for mental health services.Cost effective e-health services are underutilized in most countries.The third action is to develop an agenda to bridge knowledge gaps through targeted and large scale research.The key topics for this agenda include the risk and protective factors for mental disorders, developing better and more cost-effective treatments and prevention, and building precision medicine by investing in better prediction tools and by exploiting technology.The racial and ethnic diversity of youth engenders the need to develop models of depression from other than perspectives of white people, in order to engage youth and their families.Despite the need, current funding for mental health research is woefully disproportionate to disease burden worldwide.Youth don't vote.They often don't have a voice and depend upon others to champion their right to health justice.The growing prevalence of youth mental health problems is a tsunami, and parents, the community and governments float in a small boat, named "denial", on the quiet sea.
An engineered bispecific human monoclonal antibody against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Zhaohui Li, Shihua Li, Gen Zhang, Weiyu Peng, Zhen Chang, Xue Zhang, Zheng Fan, Yan Chai, Feiran Wang, Xin Zhao, Dedong Li, Rong Zhang, Zhanlong He, Weiwei Zou, Ke Xu, Wenwen Lei, Peipei Liu, Junfeng Hao, Jingjing Zhang, Litao Sun, Guizhen Wu, Shuguang Tan, George Fu Gao, Feng Gao, Yan Wu
Journal: Nature Immunology (2022)
JAMA 75 YEARS AGO
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Challenges in the diagnosis and management of vitreoretinal lymphoma – Clinical and basic approaches
Authors: Hiroshi Takase, Ayako Arai, Yuko Iwasaki, Ayano Imai, Toshikage Nagao, Masahiko Kawagishi, Tomoka Ishida, Manabu Mochizuki
Journal: Progress in Retinal and Eye Research (2022)
Mechanistic insights into the antipruritic effects of lebrikizumab, an anti–IL-13 mAb
Authors: Yannick Miron, Paul E. Miller, Chloe Hughes, Tim Indersmitten, Ethan A. Lerner, Ferda Cevikbas
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2022)

BackgroundAtopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with persistent and severe itch among its hallmark features. Significant increases in type 2 cytokines (ie, IL-4, IL-13, IL-31) have been documented in acute atopic dermatitis lesions and lead to multifaceted downstream effects, including inflammation, epidermal barrier dysfunction, and itch.ObjectiveThe primary objective of preclinical studies reported here was to test direct effects of IL-13 and an anti–IL-13 mAb, lebrikizumab, in a human dorsal root ganglion model in itch amplification, neuronal excitability, and transcriptional downstream targets.MethodsNeuroactive effects were assessed via live cell calcium imaging, electric field stimulation, and RNA sequencing of human dorsal root ganglia stimulated with IL-13 alone or in combination with lebrikizumab.ResultsThese preclinical findings suggest that IL-13 plays a direct enhancer role in multiple itch and neuroactive pathways as well as transcriptional downstream effects, and provide key insights into the mechanistic basis for lebrikizumab's anti-itch effects.ConclusionIL-13 is a potent enhancer of neuronal responses to different itch stimuli, consistent with the neuroimmune axis contributing to chronic itch–associated inflammatory skin disease, and blockade of this cytokine pathway may provide a therapeutic approach. Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with persistent and severe itch among its hallmark features. Significant increases in type 2 cytokines (ie, IL-4, IL-13, IL-31) have been documented in acute atopic dermatitis lesions and lead to multifaceted downstream effects, including inflammation, epidermal barrier dysfunction, and itch. The primary objective of preclinical studies reported here was to test direct effects of IL-13 and an anti–IL-13 mAb, lebrikizumab, in a human dorsal root ganglion model in itch amplification, neuronal excitability, and transcriptional downstream targets. Neuroactive effects were assessed via live cell calcium imaging, electric field stimulation, and RNA sequencing of human dorsal root ganglia stimulated with IL-13 alone or in combination with lebrikizumab. These preclinical findings suggest that IL-13 plays a direct enhancer role in multiple itch and neuroactive pathways as well as transcriptional downstream effects, and provide key insights into the mechanistic basis for lebrikizumab's anti-itch effects. IL-13 is a potent enhancer of neuronal responses to different itch stimuli, consistent with the neuroimmune axis contributing to chronic itch–associated inflammatory skin disease, and blockade of this cytokine pathway may provide a therapeutic approach.
XELOX doublet regimen versus EOX triplet regimen as first‐line treatment for advanced gastric cancer: An open‐labeled, multicenter, randomized, prospective phase III trial (EXELOX)
Authors: Xiao‐Dong Zhu, Ming‐Zhu Huang, Yu‐Sheng Wang, Wan‐Jing Feng, Zhi‐Yu Chen, Yi‐Fu He, Xiao‐Wei Zhang, Xin Liu, Chen‐Chen Wang, Wen Zhang, Jie‐Er Ying, Jun Wu, Lei Yang, Yan‐Ru Qin, Jian‐Feng Luo, Xiao‐Ying Zhao, Wen‐Hua Li, Zhe Zhang, Li‐Xin Qiu, Qi‐Rong Geng, Jian‐Ling Zou, Jie‐Yun Zhang, Hong Zheng, Xue‐Feng Song, Shu‐Sheng Wu, Cheng‐Yan Zhang, Zhe Gong, Qin‐Qin Liu, Xiao‐Feng Wang, Qi Xu, Qi Wang, Jian‐Mei Ji, Jian Zhao, Wei‐Jian Guo
Journal: Cancer Communications (2022)

Abstract Background There is no consensus on whether triplet regimen is better than doublet regimen in the first‐line treatment of advanced gastric cancer (AGC). We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of oxaliplatin plus capecitabine (XELOX) and epirubicin, oxaliplatin, plus capecitabine (EOX) regimens in treating AGC. Methods This phase III trial enrolled previously untreated patients with AGC who were randomly assigned to receive the XELOX or EOX regimen. The primary endpoint was non‐inferiority in progression‐free survival (PFS) for XELOX as compared with EOX on an intention‐to‐treat basis. Results Between April 10, 2015 and August 20, 2020, 448 AGC patients were randomized to receive XELOX ( n = 222) or EOX ( n = 226). The median PFS (mPFS) was 5.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.5‐6.0 months) in the XELOX arm and 5.5 months (95% CI = 5.0‐6.0 months) in the EOX arm (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.989, 95% CI = 0.812‐1.203; P non‐inferiority = 0.003). There was no significant difference in median overall survival (mOS) (12.0 vs. 12.0 months, P = 0.384) or objective response rate (37.4% vs. 45.1%, P = 0.291) between the two groups. In patients with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and liver metastasis, the EOX arm had a significantly longer mOS ( P = 0.021) and a trend of longer mPFS ( P = 0.073) than the XELOX arm. The rate of grade 3/4 adverse events (AEs) was 42.2% (90/213) in the XELOX arm and 72.5% (156/215) in the EOX arm ( P = 0.001). The global health‐related quality of life (QoL) score was significantly higher in the XELOX arm than in the EOX arm during chemotherapy. Conclusions This non‐inferiority trial demonstrated that the doublet regimen was as effective as the triplet regimen and had a better safety profile and QoL as a first‐line treatment for AGC patients. However, the triplet regimen might have a survival advantage in patients with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and liver metastasis.
Loa loa
Authors: Richard G. Van Dellen
Journal: JAMA (1985)

THE CAUSE of chronic urticaria and angioedema remains unknown in many instances. We report a case in which the cause was found to be a filarial infection with<i>Loa loa</i>. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 49-year-old woman from Maine came to Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn, in July 1979 with a chief complaint of intermittent swellings for 14 months. In June 1977, she wakened with swelling of the left eyelid, which lasted two days. She assumed that she had been stung or bitten. One month later, swelling of the other eyelid occurred. Following this she had recurrent, painless swelling, at times pruritic, in various parts of the body. The swellings became more frequent and involved the eyes, cheeks, face, forearms, wrists, and trunk. The swellings lasted two to three days and occurred several times weekly. With the swellings she described typical urticaria. On at least one occasion, the patient noted "strangling"
Childhood Vaccines—United States, 1995-1999
Journal: JAMA (2001)

COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS IS A FUNGAL INfection caused by inhalation of airborne Coccidioides immitis spores that are present in the arid soil of the southwestern United States, California, and parts of Central and South America.Infection with C. immitis previously has not been diagnosed in patients outside these areas, except in travelers returning from areas where the disease is endemic. 1 This report describes an outbreak of coccidioidomycosis in workers at an archeologic site in northeastern Utah during June-July, 2001, and represents the first identification of coccidioidomycosis in northern Utah.Health-care providers should consider coccidioidomycosis in the differential diagnosis for patients with compatible illness who reside in or recently have traveled to this area.Interventions to minimize soil disturbance and dust inhalation can reduce the risk for coccidioidomycosis.Dinosaur National Monument (DNM) encompasses 320 square miles in northeastern Utah and northwestern Colorado; 397,800 persons visited DNM in 2000.On June 18, 2001, under the direction of National Park Service (NPS) archeologists, six student volunteers and two leaders began work at an archeologic site in DNM.Work included laying stone steps, building a retaining wall, and sifting dirt for artifacts.Peak dust exposure occurred on June 19, the day most sifting oc-
Letter: better medical writing.
Journal: BMJ (1975)

cause of cardiovascular disease, which ac- counts for about half the excess mortality from smoking.You state that there is little substan(tial decline in either cigarette sales or the num- ber of people who smoke, yet you do not point out ithe dramatic fall of cigarette smok- ing in doctors, in other menbers of social class 1, and in class 2, especially among men.You refer to the impossible goal of stopping