tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical implications of <scp><i>SRSF2</i></scp> mutations in <scp>AML</scp> patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Juliane Grimm, Madlen Jentzsch, Marius Bill, Donata Backhaus, Dominic Brauer, Johannes Küpper, Julia Schulz, Georg‐Nikolaus Franke, Vladan Vucinic, Dietger Niederwieser, Uwe Platzbecker, Sebastian Schwind
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2021)

The SRSF2 mutations are frequently found in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and mostly affect the P95 residue. Mutations in this splicing factor mediate abnormal splicing associated with exon skipping events, including EZH2 as a crucial target. While SRSF2 mutations are enriched in secondary AML and associated with worse outcomes following chemotherapy consolidation, very little is known about the associated biological and clinical implications in AML patients consolidated with allogeneic hematopoietic stemcell transplantation (HSCT). Here we retrospectively analyzed 263 adult AML patients who received an allogeneic HSCT regarding the biological and clinical implications of the SRSF2 mutation status at diagnosis and in morphologic remission at HSCT. We found 12.5% of the patients to be SRSF2 mutated at diagnosis. Mutated patients had increased EZH2 missplicing events with P95H likely driving this pathobiology most effectively. However, the amount of EZH2 missplicing events, as a functional surrogate marker did not associate with relevant biological or clinical characteristics. We observed a persistence of mutations in remission before HSCT in the majority (93%) of SRSF2 mutated AML patients. Importantly, the variant allele frequency (VAF) levels of SRSF2 mutations in remission at HSCT did not correlate with outcomes following HSCT consolidation, limiting the applicability of SRSF2 mutations as a marker for residual AML disease. Following allogeneic HSCT SRSF2 mutated AML patients experienced a 2-year overall survival of 77%, indicating that SRSF2 mutated AML patients may benefit from HSCT consolidation.
Cancer incidence, mortality, and burden in China: a time‐trend analysis and comparison with the United States and United Kingdom based on the global epidemiological data released in 2020
Authors: Haibo Qiu, Sumei Cao, Ruihua Xu
Journal: Cancer Communications (2021)

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death and a main economic burden in China. Investigating the differences in cancer patterns and control strategies between China and developed countries could provide reference for policy planning and contribute to improving cancer control measures. In this study, we reviewed the rates and trends of cancer incidence and mortality and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) burden in China, and compared them with those in the United States (US) and the United Kingdom (UK). Cancer incidence, mortality, and DALY data for China, US and UK were obtained from the GLOBOCAN 2020 online database, Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study, and Cancer Incidence in Five Continents plus database (CI5 plus). Trends of cancer incidence and mortality in China, US, and UK were analyzed using Joinpoint regression models to calculate annual percent changes (APCs) and identify the best-fitting joinpoints. An estimated 4,568,754 newly diagnosed cancer cases and 3,002,899 cancer deaths occurred in China in 2020. Additionally, cancers resulted in 67,340,309 DALYs in China. Compared to the US and UK, China had lower cancer incidence but higher cancer mortality and DALY rates. Furthermore, the cancer spectrum of China was changing, with a rapid increase incidence and burden of lung, breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer in addition to a high incidence and heavy burden of liver, stomach, esophageal, and cervical cancer. The cancer spectrum of China is changing from a developing country to a developed country. Population aging and increase of unhealthy lifestyles would continue to increase the cancer burden of China. Therefore, the Chinese authorities should adjust the national cancer control program with reference to the practices of cancer control which have been well-established in the developed countries, and taking consideration of the diversity of cancer types by of different regions in China at the same time.
Siglec-6 is a novel target for CAR T-cell therapy in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Hardikkumar Jetani, Almudena Navarro-Bailón, Marius Maucher, Silke Frenz, Christina Verbruggen, Ana Yeguas, María Belén Vidriales, Marcos González, Judit Rial Saborido, Sabrina Kraus, Katrin Mestermann, Simone Thomas, Halvard Bonig, Maik Luu, Razieh Monjezi, Dimitrios Mougiakakos, Markus Sauer, Hermann Einsele, Michael Hudecek
Journal: Blood (2021)
P1-9 Retrospective analysis of the efficacy and safety of FOLFOX in patients with esophageal cancer
Authors: Koshi Sukeno, Akira Tsunoda, Yasutaka Tono, Hiroyasu Oda, Mikiya Ishihara, Kanako Saito, Satoshi Tamaru, Yoshiki Yamashita, Toshiro Mizuno
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Location of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST) in the Stomach Predicts Tumor Mutation Profile and Drug Sensitivity
Authors: Ashwyn K. Sharma, Jorge de la Torre, Nikki S. IJzerman, Thomas L. Sutton, Beiqun Zhao, Tahsin M. Khan, Sudeep Banerjee, Christina Cui, Vi Nguyen, Maha Alkhuziem, Petur Snaebjornsson, Hester van Boven, Annemarie Bruining, Chih-Min Tang, Hyunho Yoon, Alexa De la Fuente, Shumei Kato, Hitendra Patel, Michael C. Heinrich, Christopher L. Corless, Santiago Horgan, Adam M. Burgoyne, Paul Fanta, Jill P. Mesirov, Andrew M. Blakely, Jeremy L. Davis, Skye C. Mayo, Winan J. van Houdt, Neeltje Steeghs, Jason K. Sicklick
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract Purpose: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) commonly arise in different regions of the stomach and are driven by various mutations (most often in KIT, PDGFRA, and SDHx). We hypothesized that the anatomic location of gastric GIST is associated with unique genomic profiles and distinct driver mutations. Experimental Design: We compared KIT versus non-KIT status with tumor location within the National Cancer Database (NCDB) for 2,418 patients with primary gastric GIST. Additionally, we compiled an international cohort (TransAtlantic GIST Collaborative, TAGC) of 236 patients and reviewed sequencing results, cross-sectional imaging, and operative reports. Subgroup analyses were performed for tumors located proximally versus distally. Risk factors for KIT versus non-KIT tumors were identified using multivariate regression analysis. A random forest machine learning model was then developed to determine feature importance. Results: Within the NCDB cohort, non-KIT mutants dominated distal tumor locations (P &amp;lt; 0.03). Proximal GIST were almost exclusively KIT mutant (96%) in the TAGC cohort, whereas 100% of PDGFRA and SDH-mutant GIST occurred in the distal stomach. On multivariate regression analysis, tumor location was associated with KIT versus non-KIT mutations. Using random forest machine learning analysis, stomach location was the most important feature for predicting mutation status. Conclusions: We provide the first evidence that the mutational landscape of gastric GIST is related to tumor location. Proximal gastric GIST are overwhelmingly KIT mutant, irrespective of morphology or age, whereas distal tumors display non-KIT genomic diversity. Anatomic location of gastric GIST may therefore provide immediate guidance for clinical treatment decisions and selective confirmatory genomic testing when resources are limited.
Cancer Misinformation and Harmful Information on Facebook and Other Social Media: A Brief Report
Authors: Skyler B Johnson, Matthew Parsons, Tanya Dorff, Meena S Moran, John H Ward, Stacey A Cohen, Wallace Akerley, Jessica Bauman, Joleen Hubbard, Daniel E Spratt, Carma L Bylund, Briony Swire-Thompson, Tracy Onega, Laura D Scherer, Jonathan Tward, Angela Fagerlin
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2021)

There are few data on the quality of cancer treatment information available on social media. Here, we quantify the accuracy of cancer treatment information on social media and its potential for harm. Two cancer experts reviewed 50 of the most popular social media articles on each of the 4 most common cancers. The proportion of misinformation and potential for harm were reported for all 200 articles and their association with the number of social media engagements using a 2-sample Wilcoxon rank-sum test. All statistical tests were 2-sided. Of 200 total articles, 32.5% (n = 65) contained misinformation and 30.5% (n = 61) contained harmful information. Among articles containing misinformation, 76.9% (50 of 65) contained harmful information. The median number of engagements for articles with misinformation was greater than factual articles (median [interquartile range] = 2300 [1200-4700] vs 1600 [819-4700], P = .05). The median number of engagements for articles with harmful information was statistically significantly greater than safe articles (median [interquartile range] = 2300 [1400-4700] vs 1500 [810-4700], P = .007).
P-184 Underlining mechanism for the efficacy of tumor treating fields (TTFields) concomitant with sorafenib for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: S. Davidi, S. Jacobovitch, A. Shteingauz, C. Tempel-Brami, M. Munster, E. Zeevi, E. Dor-On, R. Schneiderman, T. Voloshin, A. Haber, M. Giladi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Blood and sputum sol inflammatory markers
Authors: L. S. Nixon, B. Yung, S. C. Bell, J. S. Elborn, D. J. Shale
Journal: Thorax (1996)

The inflammatory response to pulmonary sepsis in cystic fibrosis (CF) is usually determined in the circulation or airways compartments. Circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) and neutrophil elastase-α-antiproteinase complex (NEAPC) concentrations are raised in respiratory exacerbations and fall after antibiotic treatment. Sputum may give a better index of inflammatory activity, though it contains host and bacterial products. We compared the concentration of inflammatory markers in sputum sol and blood. Sputum sol neutrophil elastase (NE) was measured by double antibody ELISA able to detect free NE and NEAPC. Plasma NEAPC was determined by ELISA. IL-6 and TNFα were measured by high sensitivity ELISA (RD IL-6 (x9), TNFα (x64), NE(x2500). Sputum TNFα correlated with circulating levels r=-0.708; p=0.0005. In 20 patients not in exacerbation sputum sol IL-6 and NE related differently to FEV1: r=+0.661;p=0.002 and r=-0.582;p=0.006 respectively. After antibiotic treatment of a respiratory exacerbation in 10 patients the change in sputum NE and sputum IL6 was inversely related (r=-0.683,-p=0.05) . Mean NE (/g protein) fell from 18.8 to 10.1mg, and IL-6 increased from 5.8 to 13.7pg. Circulating levels of NEAPC and IL-6 both fell in the same patients. It is unclear which compartment best reflects inflammatory activity in the lung. However, NE and NEAPC were both reduced after antibiotic treatment, indicating a similar signal from both compartments for neutrophil activity.
可溶性ヘモグロビンスカベンジャー受容体(CD163)の血清中濃度は冠動脈アテローム硬化性病変におけるプラーク不安定性の新規バイオマーカーである
Authors: Naruko Takahiko, Itoh Akira, Haze Kazuo, Sugioka Kenichi, Yoshiyama Minoru, Ueda Makiko
Journal: Circulation (2010)
P46-2 A case of cancer-associated dermatomyositis diagnosed after curative therapy for esophageal and oropharyngeal cancers
Authors: Chisaki Suzumori, Naoki Fukuda, Xiaofei Wang, Akihiro Ohmoto, Tetsuya Urasaki, Naomi Hayashi, Yasuyoshi Sato, Kenji Nakano, Mayu Yunokawa, Makiko Ono, Junichi Tomomatsu, Akira Seto, Toshiyuki Yoshio, Shunji Takahashi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
HBx represses WDR77 to enhance HBV replication by DDB1-mediated WDR77 degradation in the liver
Authors: Hongfeng Yuan, Lina Zhao, Ying Yuan, Haolin Yun, Wei Zheng, Yu Geng, Guang Yang, Yufei Wang, Man Zhao, Xiaodong Zhang
Journal: Theranostics (2021)

Rationale: Hepatitis B x protein (HBx) is required to initiate and maintain the replication of hepatitis B virus (HBV).Protein arginine methyltransferases 5 (PRMT5) negatively regulates HBV transcription.WD repeat domain 77 protein (WDR77) greatly enhances the methyltransferase activity of PRMT5.However, the role of WDR77 in the modulation of cccDNA transcription and HBV replication is poorly understood.In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which HBx modulated HBV replication involving WDR77 in the liver.Methods: A human liver-chimeric mouse model was established.Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, Western blot analysis, Southern blot analysis, Northern blot analysis, immunofluorescence assays, ELISA, RT-qPCR, CoIP assays, and ChIP assays were performed in human liver-chimeric mouse model, primary human hepatocytes (PHHs), HepG2-NTCP, dHepaRG and HepG2 cell lines.Results: HBV infection and HBx expression remarkably reduced the protein levels of WDR77 in human liver-chimeric mice and HepG2-NTCP cells.WDR77 restricted cccDNA transcription and HBV replication in PHHs and HepG2-NTCP cells.Mechanically, WDR77 enhanced PRMT5-triggered symmetric dimethylation of arginine 3 on H4 (H4R3me2s) on the cccDNA minichromosome to control cccDNA transcription.HBx drove the cellular DDB1-containing E3 ubiquitin ligase to degrade WDR77 through recruiting WDR77, leading to the disability of methyltransferase activity of PRMT5.Thus, HBx promoted HBV replication by driving a positive feedback loop of HBx-DDB1/WDR77/PRMT5/ H4R3me2s/cccDNA/HBV/HBx in the liver.Conclusions: HBx attenuates the WDR77-mediated HBV repression by driving DDB1-induced WDR77 degradation in the liver.Our finding provides new insights into the mechanism by which HBx enhances HBV replication in the liver.
SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Public School District Employees Following a District-Wide Vaccination Program — Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania, March 21–April 23, 2021
Authors: David Rubin, Maggie Eisen, Sophia Collins, Jeffrey W. Pennington, Xi Wang, Susan Coffin
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2021)

The mass vaccination program was the principal opportunity offered within the county for school employees in the region to receive COVID-19 vaccine.Some persons aged >65 years or with chronic conditions might have obtained vaccines available to Philadelphia residents through these other priority designations, although supply at that time was scarce. Abbreviations: NA = not applicable; Ref = referent group.* Persons who received ≥1 dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine.† Indicates chi-square significance (p-value <0.05).§ There was no mechanism to confirm receipt of vaccine via sources other than the school vaccination program.This analysis includes only persons who received COVID-19 vaccine through the school vaccination campaign.¶ Excludes 18 persons for whom sex was not reported.TABLE 2. SARS-CoV-2 BinaxNow antigen tests performed during weekly testing and results received from School District of Philadelphia staff members following reopening of schools for inperson instruction, by self-reported vaccination status -Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania, March 21-April 23, 2021 Group No. of tests performed No. of positive results (%) Risk ratio (95% CI) All persons* Received 2 vaccine doses 21,083 19 (0.09) 0.04 (0.02-0.07)Received 1 vaccine dose 1,737 21 (1.21) 0.69 (0.44-1.07)Unvaccinated 11,228 198 (1.76) Ref Total 34,048 238 (0.70) NA Asymptomatic, nonexposed persons Received 2 vaccine doses 21,019 18 (0.09) 0.07 (0.04-0.11)Received 1 vaccine dose 1,717 14 (0.82) 0.67 (0.39-1.16)Unvaccinated 11,007 134 (1.22) Ref Total 33,743 166 (0.49) NA Abbreviations: CI = confidence interval; NA = not applicable; Ref = referent group.* Includes persons who did and did not report symptoms before testing.all 1-dose recipients and 33% lower among asymptomatic 1-dose recipients; however, the differences were not statistically significant between these two groups.
Immune Clearance of Senescent Cells Via Activation of Endogenous Retroviruses and the Viral Recognition Pathway
Authors: Devi Thiagarajan, Stephen Capone, Kwasi Connor, Pradeep K Aggarwal, Xin Li, Kaijin Wu, Anthony Colombo, Timothy Junius Triche, Giridharan Ramsingh
Journal: Blood (2017)
Immediate effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on patient health, health-care use, and behaviours: results from an international survey of people with rheumatic diseases
Authors: Jonathan S Hausmann, Kevin Kennedy, Julia F Simard, Jean W Liew, Jeffrey A Sparks, Tarin T Moni, Carly Harrison, Maggie J Larché, Mitchell Levine, Sebastian E Sattui, Teresa Semalulu, Gary Foster, Salman Surangiwala, Lehana Thabane, Richard P Beesley, Karen L Durrant, Elsa F Mateus, Serena Mingolla, Michal Nudel, Candace A Palmerlee, Dawn P Richards, David F L Liew, Catherine L Hill, Suleman Bhana, Wendy Costello, Rebecca Grainger, Pedro M Machado, Philip C Robinson, Paul Sufka, Zachary S Wallace, Jinoos Yazdany, Emily Sirotich, Philip C. Robinson, Suleman Bhana, Jean W. Liew, Paul H. Sufka, Namrata Singh, Richard A. Howard, Alfred H.J. Kim, Tiffany Westrich-Robertson, Emily Sirotich, Edmund Tsui, Ali Duarte-Garcia, Jeffrey A. Sparks, Herman Tam, Arundathi Jayatilleke, Maximilian F. Konig, Elizabeth R. Graef, Michael S. Putman, Reema H. Syed, Peter Korsten, Elsa Mateus, Sebastian E. Sattui, Zachary S. Wallace, Upton A. Laura, Kilian Adam, Yu Pei Eugenia Chock, Douglas W. White, Geraldine T. Zamora, Lisa S. Traboco, Aarat M. Patel, Rebecca Grainger, Manuel F. Ugarte-Gil, Milena A. Gianfrancesco, Isabelle Amigues, Catalina Sanchez-Alvarez, Laura Trupin, Lindsay R. Jacobsohn, Richard P. Beesley, Bimba F. Hoyer, Pedro M. Machado, Kavita Makan, Laure Gossec, Chaudhary Priyank, Jan Leipe, Beth Wallace, Sheila T. Angeles-Han, Ibrahim A. Almaghlouth, Wysham D. Katherine, Anthony S. Padula, Francis Berenbaum, Erin M. Treemarcki, Rashmi Sinha, Laura B. Lewandowski, Kate Webb, Kristen J. Young, Inita Bulina, Sebastian Herrera Uribe, Tamar B. Rubinstein, Marc W. Nolan, Elizabeth Y. Ang, Swamy R. Venuturupalli, Jonathan S. Hausmann, Maureen Dubreuil, Cecilia N. Pisoni, Micaela A. Cosatti, Jose Campos, Julia F. Simard, Richard Conway, Tiffany M. Peterson, Carly O. Harrison, Christele Felix, Dawn P. Richards, Laurie Proulx, Akpabio A. Akpabio, Angus B. Worthing, Lynn R. Laidlaw, Pankti Reid, Candace A. Palmerlee, Maria I. Danila, Lotfi-Emran Sahar, Ngo Q. Linh, Arnav Agarwal, Paul Studenic, David F.L. Liew, Maggie J. Larche, Serena A.M. Mingolla, Erick A. Zamora, Saskya S. Angevare, Rashmi R. Sinha, Karen L.W. Durrant, Andrea Peirce, Emily C. Somers, Laura C. Cappelli, Brittany A. Frankel, Bharat Kumar, Sonia D. Silinsky Krupnikova, Jorge A. Rosario Vega, Jourdan Frankovich, Ruth Fernandez-Ruiz, Marcela Posada Velásquez, Su-Ann Yeoh, Maria Marino, Michal Nudel, Chrisiaan Scott, Cecilia Rodríguez, Ana I. Martín Mancheño, Philip Seo, Rocío V. Gamboa-Cárdenas, Victor R. Pimentel-Quiroz, Cristina Reátegui-Sokolova, Mari Kihara, Chung M.A. Lin, Dheera Kattula, Girgis Laila, Loreto Carmona, John Wallace, Jinoos Yazdany, Wendy Costello, Monique C. Gore-massy, Laura-Ann Tomasella, Moré A. Kodek
Journal: The Lancet Rheumatology (2021)
Reduction of Dicer1 By Multiple Myeloma Cells in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promotes Cellular Senescence and Tumor-Supporting Effect and Decreases the Differentiation
Authors: Juan Guo, Xiao Li, Youshan Zhao, Chengming Fei, Chunkang Chang, Sida Zhao, Qingqing Zheng
Journal: Blood (2017)
Histone Deacetylase Sirtuin 1 Promotes Loss of Primary Cilia in Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Kishor Pant, Estanislao Peixoto, Seth Richard, Aalekhya Biswas, M. Gerard O’Sullivan, Nasra Giama, Yeonjung Ha, Jun Yin, Pietro Carotenuto, Massimiliano Salati, Yanan Ren, Rendong Yang, Brunella Franco, Lewis R. Roberts, Sergio A. Gradilone
Journal: Hepatology (2021)

Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a complex NAD+ -dependent protein deacetylase known to act as a tumor promoter or suppressor in different cancers. Here, we describe a mechanism of SIRT1-induced destabilization of primary cilia in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).A significant overexpression of SIRT1 was detected in human CCA specimens and CCA cells including HuCCT1, KMCH, and WITT1 as compared with normal cholangiocytes (H69 and NHC). Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of SIRT1 in HuCCT1 cells induced cilia formation, whereas overexpression of SIRT1 in normal cholangiocytes suppressed ciliary expression. Activity of SIRT1 was regulated by presence of NAD+ in CCA cells. Inhibition of NAD -producing enzyme nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase increased ciliary length and frequency in CCA cells and in SIRT1-overexpressed H69 cells. Furthermore, we also noted that SIRT1 induces the proteasomal mediated degradation of ciliary proteins, including α-tubulin, ARL13B, and KIF3A. Moreover, overexpression of SIRT1 in H69 and NHC cells significantly induced cell proliferation and, conversely, SIRT1 inhibition in HuCCT1 and KMCH cells using siRNA or sirtinol reduced cell proliferation. In an orthotopic transplantation rat CCA model, the SIRT1 inhibitor sirtinol reduced tumor size and tumorigenic proteins (glioma-associated oncogene 1, phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and IL-6) expression.In conclusion, these results reveal the tumorigenic role of SIRT1 through modulation of primary cilia formation and provide the rationale for developing therapeutic approaches for CCA using SIRT1 as a target.
Health Care Utilization Before and After the “Muslim Ban” Executive Order Among People Born in Muslim-Majority Countries and Living in the US
Authors: Elizabeth A. Samuels, Lilla Orr, Elizabeth B. White, Altaf Saadi, Aasim I. Padela, Michael Westerhaus, Aarti D. Bhatt, Pooja Agrawal, Dennis Wang, Gregg Gonsalves
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

<h3>Importance</h3> The health effects of restrictive immigration and refugee policies targeting individuals from Muslim-majority countries are largely unknown. <h3>Objective</h3> To analyze whether President Trump's 2017 executive order 13769, "Protecting the Nation from Foreign Terrorist Entry into the United States" (known as the "Muslim ban" executive order) was associated with changes in health care utilization by people born in targeted nations living in the US. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This retrospective cohort study included adult patients treated at Minneapolis-St. Paul HealthPartners primary care clinics or emergency departments (EDs) between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2017. Patients were categorized as (1) born in Muslim ban–targeted nations, (2) born in Muslim-majority nations not listed in the executive order, or (3) non–Latinx and born in the US. Data were analyzed from October 1, 2019, to May 12, 2021. <h3>Exposures</h3> Executive order 13769, "Protecting the Nation from Foreign Terrorist Entry into the United States." <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Primary outcomes included the number of (1) primary care clinic visits, (2) missed primary care appointments, (3) primary care stress-responsive diagnoses, (4) ED visits, and (5) ED stress-responsive diagnoses. Visit trends were evaluated before and after the Muslim ban issuance using linear regression, and differences between the study groups after the executive order issuance were evaluated using difference-in-difference analyses. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 252 594 patients were included in the analysis: 5667 in group 1 (3367 women [59.4%]; 5233 Black individuals [92.3%]), 1254 in group 2 (627 women [50%]; 391 White individuals [31.2%]), and 245 673 in group 3 (133 882 women [54.5%]; 203 342 White individuals [82.8%]). Group 1 was predominantly born in Somalia (5231 of 5667 [92.3%]) and insured by Medicare or Medicaid (4428 [78.1%]). Before the Muslim ban, primary care visits and stress-responsive diagnoses were increasing for individuals from Muslim-majority nations (groups 1 and 2). In the year after the ban, there were approximately 101 additional missed primary care appointments among people from Muslim-majority countries not named in the ban (point estimate [SE], 6.73 [2.90];<i>P</i> = .02) and approximately 232 additional ED visits by individuals from Muslim ban–targeted nations (point estimate [SE], 3.41 [1.53];<i>P</i> = .03). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Results of this cohort study suggest that after issuance of the Muslim ban executive order, missed primary care appointments and ED visits increased among people from Muslim-majority countries living in Minneapolis-St. Paul.