tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
beta-adrenergic blockade in essential hypertension: reduced renin release despite renal vasoconstriction.
Authors: J MSullivan, D FAdams, N KHollenberg
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

The acute effects of small doses of intravenous propranolol on renin release and on circulatory dynamics were studied at the time of renal arteriography in 12 persons with essential hypertension. All of the subjects had a normal peripheral renin response to chronic sodium depletion and all had normal renal function. Seven subjects received a 10-mEq sodium diet. At the time of arteriography, arterial blood pressure, pulse rate, cardiac output, renal blood flow, and arterial and renal venous renin activity were measured before and 6-20 minutes after the intravenous administration of propranolol (9-18 mjg/kg). Average renin secretion rate in the salt-depleted subjects fell from 367 +/- 80 (SEM) U/ml per 100 g/min to 122 +/- 51 U/ml per 100 g (P=0.03) and renal plasma flow fell from 189 to 155 ml/min per 100 g (P = 0.018). We also found that in the salt-loaded subjects, renal plasma flow fell from 213 to 184 ml/min per 100 g (P = 0.025), whereas renin secretion did not change significantly in either group. We...
Left atrial appendage aneurysm: correlation of noninvasive with clinical and surgical findings: report of a case.
Authors: S KKrueger, R MFerlic, P KMooring
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Congenital left atrial appendage aneurysm is rarely diagnosed on the basis of an abnormal cardiac silhouette. Patients with a left atrial appendage aneurysm often present with symptoms of systemic emboli or supraventricular arrhythmias. A patient with left atrial appendage aneurysm was diagnosed by correlation of two noninvasive techniques echocardiography and radionuclide scintiscanning. Angiography was confirmatory and aneurysmectomy was successfully performed.
Effect of preconditioning ischemia on reperfusion arrhythmias after coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion in the rat.
Authors: J MHagar, S LHale, R AKloner
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Severe arrhythmias occur predictably on reperfusion after 5 minutes of coronary occlusion in the rat. There is little data available on whether ischemic preconditioning (PC) of hearts can reduce the incidence of such arrhythmias. The effect of PC (three cycles of 2 minutes of coronary occlusion and 5 minutes of reperfusion) on development of arrhythmias after a subsequent 5-minute coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion was studied. Rats (n = 16 each group) underwent 5-minute occlusion and reperfusion alone or preceded by PC; arrhythmias were monitored during ischemia and for 10 minutes of reperfusion, and biopsies were taken for creatine phosphate and adenosine triphosphate in ischemic and nonischemic zones of the left ventricle. PC reduced the incidence of ventricular tachycardia (VT) during occlusion (81% control versus 13% PC, p less than 0.001). On subsequent reperfusion, ventricular fibrillation (VF) developed in zero PC animals versus 13 (81%) of controls (p less than 0.001), and irreversible VF ...
The noninvasive diagnosis of right ventricular infarction.
Authors: D NSharpe, E HBotvinick, D MShames, N BSchiller, B MMassie, KChatterjee, W WParmley
Journal: Circulation (1978)

We evaluated scintigraphy and echocardiography for the diagnosis of right ventricular (RV) infarction. Of 26 patients with acute transmural myocardial infarction (MI), six with inferior MI had abnormal radionuclide uptake localized to the RV free wall on infarct scintigraphy or segmental akinesis of the RV free wall on gated radioangiography or both. These six patients with RV involvement (group I) were compared with the remaining nine with inferior MI (group II) and 11 with anterior MI (group III). RV/LV area ratios determined radioangiographically were significantly greater in group I than group II in diastole and systole. Echocardiographic RV enddiastolic dimension and RV/LV end-diastolic dimension ratio were significantly greater and RV stroke work index was significantly lower in group I than in group II. Predominant RV involvement in inferior MI may occur commonly. Anatomic and functional evidence of this diagnosis can be obtained noninvasively.
Diagnostic and prognostic value of dipyridamole echocardiography in patients with suspected coronary artery disease. Comparison with exercise electrocardiography.
Authors: SSeveri, EPicano, CMichelassi, FLattanzi, PLandi, ADistante, AL'Abbate
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDBefore any new diagnostic test is accepted in clinical practice, such a test should be compared with established diagnostic tools in an appropriately large series of patients encompassing the complete spectrum of challenges to which the test is exposed. The aim of the present study was to assess the relative diagnostic and prognostic accuracies of high-dose dipyridamole echocardiography (two-dimensional echocardiographic monitoring during dipyridamole infusion up to 0.84 mg/kg over 10 hours) versus maximal symptom-limited bicycle exercise ECG test in patients with angina.METHODS AND RESULTSWe studied 429 consecutive in-hospital patients who met the following inclusion criteria: history of chest pain, off antianginal therapy for at least 2 days (1 week for beta-blockers), no previous myocardial infarction and/or obvious regional left ventricular dyssynergy of contraction (akinesis or dyskinesis) at baseline, and acceptable acoustic window under resting conditions. All patients underwent dipyridam...
Prediction of cardiac events after uncomplicated myocardial infarction: a prospective study comparing predischarge exercise thallium-201 scintigraphy and coronary angiography.
Authors: R SGibson, D DWatson, G BCraddock, R SCrampton, D LKaiser, M JDenny, G ABeller
Journal: Circulation (1983)

The ability of predischarge quantitative exercise thallium-201 (201T1) scintigraphy to predict future cardiac events was evaluated prospectively in 140 consecutive patients with uncomplicated acute myocardial infarction; the results were compared with those of submaximal exercise treadmill testing and coronary angiography. High risk was assigned if scintigraphy detected 201T1 defects in more than one discrete vascular region, redistribution, or increased lung uptake, if exercise testing caused ST segment depression greater than or equal to 1 mm or angina or if angiography revealed multivessel disease. Low risk was designated if scintigraphy detected a single-region defect, no redistribution, or no increase in lung uptake, if exercise testing caused no ST segment depression or angina, or if angiography revealed single-vessel disease or no disease. By 15 +/- 12 months, 50 patients had experienced a cardiac event; seven died (five suddenly), nine suffered recurrent myocardial infarction, and 34 developed sev...
Single-cell chromatin accessibility identifies pancreatic islet cell type– and state-specific regulatory programs of diabetes risk
Authors: Joshua Chiou, Chun Zeng, Zhang Cheng, Jee Yun Han, Michael Schlichting, Michael Miller, Robert Mendez, Serina Huang, Jinzhao Wang, Yinghui Sui, Allison Deogaygay, Mei-Lin Okino, Yunjiang Qiu, Ying Sun, Parul Kudtarkar, Rongxin Fang, Sebastian Preissl, Maike Sander, David U. Gorkin, Kyle J. Gaulton
Journal: Nature Genetics (2021)
Durability of Voretigene Neparvovec for Biallelic RPE65-Mediated Inherited Retinal Disease
Authors: Albert M. Maguire, Stephen Russell, Daniel C. Chung, Zi-Fan Yu, Amy Tillman, Arlene V. Drack, Francesca Simonelli, Bart P. Leroy, Kathleen Z. Reape, Katherine A. High, Jean Bennett
Journal: Ophthalmology (2021)

To determine whether functional vision and visual function improvements after voretigene neparvovec (VN; Luxturna [Spark Therapeutics, Inc]) administration in patients with biallelic RPE65 mutation-associated inherited retinal disease are maintained at 3 to 4 years and to review safety outcomes.Open-label, randomized, controlled phase 3 trial.Thirty-one individuals were enrolled and randomized 2:1 to intervention (n = 21) or control (n = 10). One participant from each group withdrew before, or at, randomization.Patients in the original intervention (OI) group received bilateral subretinal VN injections. Delayed intervention (DI) patients served as control participants for 1 year then received VN.Change from injection baseline in bilateral performance on the multiluminance mobility test (MLMT), a measure of ambulatory navigation, and change from injection baseline in full-field light sensitivity threshold white light, visual field (VF), and visual acuity (VA).Mean bilateral MLMT change scores at year 4 for OI patients and year 3 for DI patients were 1.7 and 2.4, respectively, with 71% of patients with a year 3 visit able to pass MLMT at the lowest light level. Mean change in full-field light sensitivity threshold white light, averaged over both eyes at year 4 for OI patients and year 3 for DI patients, was -1.90 log10(cd.s/m2) and -2.91 log10(cd.s/m2), respectively. Mean change in Goldmann kinetic VF III4e sum total degrees, averaged across both eyes, was 197.7 at year 4 for OI patients and 157.9 at year 3 for DI patients. Mean change in VA (Holladay scale), averaged across both eyes, was -0.003 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) at year 4 for OI patients and -0.06 logMAR at year 3 for DI patients. One OI patient experienced retinal detachment at approximately year 4 that impacted VA for the OI group. No product-related serious adverse events (AEs) occurred, nor did any deleterious immune responses.Improvements in ambulatory navigation, light sensitivity, and VF were consistent in both intervention groups. Overall, improvements were maintained up to 3 to 4 years, with ongoing observation. The safety profile of VN was consistent with vitrectomy and the subretinal injection procedure and was similar between intervention groups, with no product-related serious AEs reported.
Alpha-adrenergic-mediated reduction in coronary blood flow secondary to carotid chemoreceptor reflex activation in conscious dogs.
Authors: P AMurray, MLavallee, S FVatner
Journal: Circulation Research (1984)

We examined the late coronary vascular response to carotid chemoreceptor reflex activation in normal, conscious dogs instrumented for the measurement of right main and left circumflex coronary artery blood flows, arterial and right ventricular pressures, and arterial and coronary sinus blood gases and O2 contents. With heart rate held constant by electrical stimulation, and with respiration controlled or allowed to vary spontaneously, carotid chemoreceptor reflex activation (induced by intracarotid nicotine) elicited a striking biphasic coronary vascular response characterized by an early dilation (previously described) and a late constriction. For example, with respiration controlled and with the autonomic nervous system intact, carotid chemoreceptor reflex activation resulted in a late increase in arterial pressure (19 +/- 4%; P less than 0.002), absolute reductions in right main (24 +/- 4%; P less than 0.002), and left circumflex (12 +/- 2%; P less than 0.004) coronary blood flows, and increases in rig...
Fibrosis, lipids, and calcium in human atherosclerotic plaque. In vitro differentiation from normal aortic walls by ultrasonic attenuation.
Authors: EPicano, LLandini, ADistante, ABenassi, RSarnelli, AL'Abbate
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

This study was designed to determine whether attenuation of ultrasound by the aortic wall is potentially useful in characterizing the atherosclerotic lesion. Measurements were made on fresh specimens taken from a human aorta at autopsy. Four hundred different sites, 4 mm in diameter each, corresponding to the dimension of the ultrasonic beam at the focal zone, were ultrasonically analyzed and histologically studied. Attenuation of ultrasound in each site was assessed by Fourier analysis of the echo produced by a specular reflector placed behind the specimen. Two parameters were measured over the range 7-11 MHz: the integrated attenuation index (per cm), and slope (per cm per MHz) of the best fit straight line relating attenuation and frequency. Histological examination--performed for each of the 400 sites where attenuation had been measured--identified four subsets (100 samples each): normal aortic walls, fibrous plaques, fibrofatty plaques, and calcified plaques. Results obtained from ultrasonic and hist...
Hemodynamic effects of dobutamine in patients following open heart surgery.
Authors: TSakamoto, TYamada
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Dobutamine, a new synthetic inotropic agent, was administered by intravenous infusion to 22 patients following open heart surgery. The dosage of dobutamine started from 2 mug/kg/min and was increased stepwise to 4, 6, and 8 mug/kg/min. Cardiac index increased from 2.54 +/- 0.13 to 3.11 +/- 0.19 and 3.50 +/- 0.22 L/min/m2 with 4 and 8 mug/kg/min, respectively. Heart rate increased from 87.6 +/- 2.9 to 96.4 +/- 2.3 and 108.9 +/- 3.2 beats/min with 4 and 8 mug/kg/min, respectively. Systolic and mean aortic pressure and systolic pulmonary arterial pressure were elevated from 126.0 +/- 3.8 to 144.6 +/- 6.0 mm Hg, from 91.8 +/- 2.7 to 96.2 +/- 3.2 mm Hg, and from 33.4 +/- 2.3 to 37.1 +/- 2.5 mm Hg with 8 mug/kg/min, while other pressures were unchanged. Mean left atrial pressure fell significantly from 15.9 +/- 0.6 to 14.8 +/- 0.7 mm Hg. Stroke volume index, stroke work index, and left ventricular work also increased. Premature ventricular beats were observed in only one patient during dobutamine infusion, but ...
Comment on Bergenstal et al. Glucose Management Indicator (GMI): A New Term for Estimating A1C From Continuous Glucose Monitoring. Diabetes Care 2018;41:2275–2280
Authors: Kristen M. Pluchino, Yiduo Wu, Alain D. Silk, Jisun Yi, Courtney H. Lias
Journal: Diabetes Care (2018)

Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is well established in the clinical community as an indicator of diabetes management, where prolonged elevated HbA1c indicates suboptimal control of blood glucose levels and predicts long-term diabetes complications (1). Laboratory-based and point-of-care assays for determining HbA1c from blood samples are routinely used in clinical practice for assessing the effectiveness of blood glucose control and for the diagnosis of diabetes per guidelines from the American Diabetes Association (2). Devices that are used to measure HbA1c are regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to ensure that these devices are safe and effective for their intended use.

With advances in diabetes technology, especially with regard to the wider adoption of modern continuous glucose …
De subitaneis mortibus. XI. Young girl with palpitations.
Authors: T NJames, R JMarilley, H JMarriott
Journal: Circulation (1975)

A seventeen-year-old girl in apparent good health was found dead in bed one morning. Two clinical features of note were multiple premature beats present in her electrocardiograms for several years, and a tall thin habitus without stigmata of Marfan's syndrome. At necropsy examination the heart was grossly normal. At its margin abutting the central fibrous body the atrioventricular (A-V) node exhibited numerous fronds and outcroppings, some forming loop connections from one part of A-V node to another. Groups of A-V nodal cells detached from the A-V node were also found connected to the crest of the interventricular septum. There were large connections directly from the His bundle to the crest of the interventricular septum (Mahaim fibers). The A-V node artery was moderately narrowed but patent. The possible significance of these findings in the pathogenesis of re-entrant arrhythmias or ectopic automaticity is discussed.
Two components of transient outward current in canine ventricular myocytes.
Authors: G NTseng, B FHoffman
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Repolarization during phase 1 of cardiac action potential is important in that it may influence both impulse conduction in partially depolarized tissue and action potential duration. Thus, it is important to know the properties and regulation of the underlying currents. In about 50% of canine ventricular myocytes, the actin potential displays a phase 1 of fast repolarization and a prominent notch between phase 1 and the plateau. A transient outward current is responsible for both. This current is composed of two components: one (Ito1) blocked by 4-aminopyridine and the other (Ito2) blocked by manganese. In the present study, we characterized each of the components in isolation from the other. Both had an activation threshold between -30 and -20 mV. At the same voltage, Ito1 was larger than Ito2 and had a shorter time to peak. The peak current-voltage relationship for Ito1 was almost linear, but that for Ito2 was bell-shaped. Ito1 decayed during sustained depolarization with a single exponential time cours...
False suspicion of coronary heart disease: a 7 year follow-up study of 36 apparently healthy middle-aged men.
Authors: JErikssen, JDale, KRootwelt, EMyhre
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Latent coronary heart disease was suspected in 115 of 2014 apparently healthy middle-aged men after a baseline cardiovascular survey. One hundred five of these men underwent angiography and 36 were found to have normal coronary arteries (group 1). A 7 year follow-up survey revealed that: (1) three had died of sudden cardiac death, (2) four had received a diagnosis of cardiomyopathy, (3) one had developed aortic dilatation/aortic regurgitation since the baseline survey, (4) they all had a significantly more rapid decline in their physical performance and maximal heart rate levels from the time of the baseline survey to follow-up than did randomly selected normal controls (group 2), and (5) thallium study results were normal in both groups (27 and 26 patients), but technetium ventriculography revealed a subnormal increase in ejection fraction during exercise (less than 5% units) in 14 of 27 group 1 subjects and in 4 of 26 group 2 subjects. Thus, incipient heart disease may be present in subjects in whom cor...
Dobutamine increases cardiac output of the total artificial heart. Implications for vascular contribution of inotropic agents to augmented ventricular function.
Authors: P FBinkley, K DMurray, K MWatson, P DMyerowitz, C VLeier
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDThe synthetic catecholamine dobutamine increases stroke volume in normal subjects and in patients with congestive heart failure. In addition to its direct influence on myocardial contractility, dobutamine may significantly modulate vascular tone because of its alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist activity.METHODS AND RESULTSTo test the hypothesis that such vasoactive properties significantly contribute to the improved ventricular performance noted with this agent, hemodynamic parameters were measured during stepped ascension infusion of dobutamine in a model that is insensitive to positive inotropic stimulation. Administration of dobutamine in nine calves that underwent replacement of the native right and left ventricles with pneumatically driven total artificial hearts resulted in a significant (p = 0.0001) increase in cardiac output from 7.0 +/- 1.8 to 8.2 +/- 1.8 l/min and a significant (p = 0.0001) decrease in total peripheral vascular resistance from 1,224 +/- 559 to 745 +/- 317 dyne.sec/cm5....
Response of a KIT-Positive Extra-Abdominal Fibromatosis to Imatinib Mesylate and KIT Genetic Analysis
Authors: Anthony Gonçalves, Genevieve Monges, Ying Yang, Fabienne Palmerini, Patrice Dubreuil, Tetsuro Noguchi, Jocelyne Jacquemier, Donatella Di Stefano, Jean-Robert Delpero, Hagay Sobol, Francois Bertucci
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2006)
Effects of a vasopressin antagonist with combined antipressor and antiantidiuretic activities in rats with left ventricular dysfunction.
Authors: R AMulinari, IGavras, Y XWang, RFranco, HGavras
Journal: Circulation (1990)

These experiments assessed the hemodynamic and aquaretic effects of an arginine vasopressin (AVP) antagonist with dual V1V2-receptor inhibiting properties in rats with congestive heart failure resulting from ischemic cardiomyopathy. The compound d(CH2)5-D-Tyr(Et)VAVP was used in these studies. Rats with limited or extensive myocardial infarcts (i.e., with less than 50% or greater than 66% necrosis of the left ventricular wall, respectively, induced by left coronary ligation) and sham-operated controls received the AVP antagonist (100 micrograms/kg i.v.) 4 weeks later. This agent produced an 18% increase in cardiac output (p less than 0.05) and 13% decrease in systemic vascular resistance in the severely damaged rats, both changes being significantly different from those seen in the normal controls or the rats with limited infarcts. All animals exhibited increases in urinary output of 4-10-fold over baseline. We conclude that the hemodynamic and renal effects of this agent are beneficial in animals with le...
Expansion of acute myocardial infarction: an experimental study.
Authors: J SHochman, B HBulkley
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Expansion (regional dilatation and thinning) of acutely infarcted myocardium in man has been shown to correlate with overall cardiac dilatation and rupture. We studied gross and histopathologic features and the time course of expansion in rats. Infarcts were produced in 84 rats by ligation of the left coronary artery and studied at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7 days. All hearts were prepared by potassium diastolic arrest, gel distention and fixation. Expansion was graded 0 to 4+ : 1+, mild thinning of infarcted wall; 2+, mild thinning and dilatation; 3+, moderate thinning and dilatation; and 4+, marked thinning and dilatation. There were 80 transmural infarcts, and 66% showed expansion; 36 of 80 (45%) were graded 1-2+ and 17 of 80 (21%) 3-4+. None of the four exclusively nontransmural infarcts showed expansion. Expansion was present in 61% of transmural infarcts at 1-2 days, in 65% at 3-4 days and in 80% at 5-7 days. The percentage of rats with severe (3-4+) expansion increased markedly over this period, from 0% at...
Effect of cellular uncoupling by heptanol on conduction in infarcted myocardium.
Authors: J FSpear, C WBalke, M DLesh, A HKadish, J LLevine, E NMoore
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

Experiments were performed in vitro on six normal thin ventricular epicardial tissue strips and 10 strips removed from the infarcted regions of dogs 21-60 days after experimental myocardial infarction. Conduction was evaluated by mapping activation sequences at 40-45 sites over an area of 1 x 2 cm during pacing at a basic cycle length of 2,000 msec. The amplitude and length of recorded electrograms were also determined at each site. After control recordings, heptanol, which increases gap junctional resistance, was added to the tissue bath at concentrations ranging between 0.2 and 1.0 mM. In contrast to its effect on normal tissues, heptanol caused 75 of 260 previously active sites in the infarcted tissues to become inactive. The affected sites were located in areas of very slow conduction and/or adjacent to areas of preexisting conduction block. In addition, heptanol decreased the length and degree of fractionation of electrograms recorded in slowly conducting regions of the infarcted tissues. The magnitu...