tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Resisting Racism in Dermatology
Authors: Jenna C. Lester, Susan C. Taylor
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2022 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Comparison of gene expression levels of multidrug-resistance-linked ABC Transporters in doxorubicin-selected and parental MCF7 cells using quantitative real time RT-PCR
Authors: Anna Maria Calcagno, Suresh V. Ambudkar
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

603  Tumor cells with the multidrug resistance phenotype overexpress ATP-binding cassette (ABC) drug transporters and are often resistant to structurally and mechanistically unrelated natural product drugs, a major cause of failed chemotherapy. Many multidrug resistant cancer cell lines have been established in vitro through continual selection. Although they provide an adequate tool for understanding ABC transporter expression and function, often selection procedures do not mimic in vivo drug concentrations and dosing frequencies. Our goal was to compare the gene expression levels of multidrug resistance-linked ABC transporters in parental drug sensitive MCF7 breast cancer cells to an established high-dose doxorubicin selected subline and to sublines selected by a low-dose single step, to determine if overexpression of the same ABC transporters occurs. Doxorubicin-resistant MCF7 clones were established employing a single step selection with either 14 nM or 21 nM treatment for 10 days followed by culturing continuously in drug-free medium. Using real time quantitative RT-PCR, we found that only one transporter (ABCB1) was overexpressed within the high dose (860 nM) doxorubicin-selected MCF7 cells compared to the parental MCF7 cells. Surprisingly within the 14 nM drug-resistant cells, several other transporters including ABCA4, ABCC2, ABCC4, and ABCG2 were overexpressed by more than 20-fold compared to the parental cells, and ABCB1 was not found to be overexpressed. Our results suggest that multiple ABC transporters are overexpressed in cells selected in a single step with low concentrations of doxorubicin. Further work to verify which ABC transporters are functional in these sublines is currently in progress.
MO01.08 Phase 2 Basket Trial of Lurbinectedin in Second-line SCLC: Characteristics and Outcomes in Treatment Responders
Authors: V. Subbiah, L. Paz-Ares, B. Besse, V. Moreno, S. Peters, M.A. Sala, J.A. López-Vilariño, C. Fernández, C. Kahatt, A. Zeaiter, K. Zaman, J.-P. Delord, M. Martínez, A. Antón, A. Awada, R. Kristeleit, M.E. Olmedo, M.J. Rubio, J. Sarantopoulos, M. D’Arcangelo, A. Santoro, José M. Trigo, J. Sands
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Cellulitis in chronic oedema of the lower leg: an international cross‐sectional study
Authors: E.A. Burian, T. Karlsmark, P.J. Franks, V. Keeley, I. Quéré, C.J. Moffatt
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2021)

Background Cellulitis and chronic oedema are common conditions with considerable morbidity. The number of studies designed to assess the epidemiology of cellulitis in chronic oedema is scarce. Objectives To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of cellulitis in chronic leg oedema, including lymphoedema. Methods A cross-sectional study included 40 sites in nine countries during 2014–17. Adults with clinically proven unilateral or bilateral chronic oedema (oedema > 3 months) of the lower leg were included. The main outcome measures were frequency and risk factors for cellulitis within the last 12 months. Results Out of 7477 patients, 15·78% had cellulitis within the last 12 months, with a lifetime prevalence of 37·47%. The following risk factors for cellulitis were identified by multivariable analysis: wounds [odds ratio (OR) 2·37, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2·03–2·78], morbid obesity (OR 1·51, 95% CI 1·27–1·80), obesity (OR 1·21, 95% CI 1·03–1·41), midline swelling (OR 1·32, 95% CI 1·04–1·66), male sex (OR 1·32, 95% CI 1·15–1·52) and diabetes (OR 1·27, 95% CI 1·08–1·49). Controlled swelling was associated with a reduced risk (OR 0·59, 95% CI 0·51–0·67). In a subgroup analysis, the risk increased with the stage of oedema [International Society of Lymphology, stage II OR 2·04 (95% CI 1·23–3·38) and stage III OR 4·88 (95% CI 2·77–8·56)]. Conclusions Cellulitis in chronic leg oedema is a global problem. Several risk factors for cellulitis were identified, of which some are potentially preventable. Our findings suggest that oedema control is one of these. We also identified that advanced stages of oedema, with hard/fibrotic tissue, might be an important clinical indicator to identify patients at particular risk.
Newly Identified Members of FGFR1 Splice Variants Engage in Cross-talk with AXL/AKT Axis in Salivary Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
Authors: Joseph O. Humtsoe, Hyun-Su Kim, Brandon Leonard, Shizhang Ling, Bhumsuk Keam, Luigi Marchionni, Bahman Afsari, Michael Considine, Alexander V. Favorov, Elana J. Fertig, Hyunseok Kang, Patrick K. Ha
Journal: Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is the second most common malignancy of the salivary gland. Although characterized as an indolent tumor, ACC often leads to incurable metastatic disease. Patients with ACC respond poorly to currently available therapeutic drugs and factors contributing to the limited response remain unknown. Determining the role of molecular alterations frequently occurring in ACC may clarify ACC tumorigenesis and advance the development of effective treatment strategies. Applying Splice Expression Variant Analysis and outlier statistics on RNA sequencing of primary ACC tumors and matched normal salivary gland tissues, we identified multiple alternative splicing events (ASE) of genes specific to ACC. In ACC cells and patient-derived xenografts, FGFR1 was a uniquely expressed ASE. Detailed PCR analysis identified three novel, truncated, intracellular domain-lacking FGFR1 variants (FGFR1v). Cloning and expression analysis suggest that the three FGFR1v are cell surface proteins, that expression of FGFR1v augmented pAKT activity, and that cells became more resistant to pharmacologic FGFR1 inhibitor. FGFR1v-induced AKT activation was associated with AXL function, and inhibition of AXL activity in FGFR1v knockdown cells led to enhanced cytotoxicity in ACC. Moreover, cell killing effect was increased by dual inhibition of AXL and FGFR1 in ACC cells. This study demonstrates that these previously undescribed FGFR1v cooperate with AXL and desensitize cells to FGFR1 inhibitor, which supports further investigation into combined FGFR1 and AXL inhibition as an effective ACC therapy. This study identifies several FGFR1 variants that function through the AXL/AKT signaling pathway independent of FGF/FGFR1, desensitizing cells to FGFR1 inhibitor suggestive of a potential resistance mechanism in ACC. Significance: This study identifies several FGFR1 variants that function through the AXL/AKT signaling pathway independent of FGF/FGFR1, desensitizing cells to FGFR1 inhibitor, suggestive of a potential resistance mechanism in ACC.
Cytotoxic T cells isolated from healthy donors and cancer patients kill TGFβ-expressing cancer cells in a TGFβ-dependent manner
Authors: Morten Orebo Holmström, Rasmus Erik Johansson Mortensen, Angelos Michail Pavlidis, Evelina Martinenaite, Stine Emilie Weis-Banke, Mia Aaboe-Jørgensen, Simone Kloch Bendtsen, Özcan Met, Ayako Wakatsuki Pedersen, Marco Donia, Inge Marie Svane, Mads Hald Andersen
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2021)
Abstract 16580: The Impact of Rapid Titration of Beta Blockers on Functional Capacity in Patients With Advanced Heart Failure and Analyzed Through the 6-Minute Walk Test
Authors: Domingos Savio B Melo, Antonio Carlos P Barretto, Breno G Melo, Fernando Savio A Melo, Aristea I Oliveira, Rodrigo Savio O Melo
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Rapid up-titration of beta-blockers (BB) in the treatment of heart failure (HF) during hospitalization has yet to be tested. Objectives: The purpose of this research was to evaluate the...
Abstract 11778: Risk of Ischemic Stroke, Myocardial Infarction, Atrial Fibrillation and Major Bleeding in Patients Without Atrial Fibrillation: Implication for Expanding Indication of Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants
Authors: Xiaoxi Yao, Bernard J Gersh, Lindsey R Sangaralingham, Nilay D Shah, Peter A Noseworthy
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: The results of the COMPASS trial will likely increase the use of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in patients without atrial fibrillation (AF). We aimed to provide...
Disease activity, cytokines, chemokines and the risk of incident diabetes in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Joshua F Baker, Bryant R England, Michael George, Grant Cannon, Brian Sauer, Alexis Ogdie, Bartlett C Hamilton, Carlos Hunter, Michael J Duryee, Geoffrey Thiele, Ted R Mikuls
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

Purpose Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with a higher risk of diabetes mellitus (DM). Our aim was to determine associations between inflammatory disease activity (including evaluation of specific cytokines and chemokines) and incident DM. Methods Participants were adults with physician-confirmed RA from Veteran’s Affairs Rheumatoid Arthritis Registry. Disease activity and clinical assessments occur longitudinally as part of clinical care. Thirty cytokines and chemokines were measured in banked serum obtained at the time of enrolment. Cytokine/chemokine values were log-adjusted and standardised (per SD). Incident DM was defined based on validated algorithms using diagnostic codes and medications. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models evaluated associations between clinical factors and incident DM. Independent associations between cytokines/chemokines and incident DM were assessed adjusting for age, sex, race, smoking, body mass index (BMI) and medication use at baseline. Results Among 1866 patients with RA without prevalent DM at enrolment, there were 130 incident cases over 9223 person-years of follow-up. High Disease Activity Score (DAS28)-C reactive protein (CRP), obese BMI, older age and male sex were associated with greater risk for incident DM while current smoking and methotrexate use were protective. Patients using methotrexate were at lower risk. Several cytokines/chemokines evaluated were independently associated (per 1 SD) with DM incidence including interleukin(IL)-1, IL-6 and select macrophage-derived cytokines/chemokines (HR range 1.11–1.26). These associations were independent of the DAS28-CRP. Conclusions Higher disease activity and elevated levels of cytokines/chemokines are associated with a higher risk of incident DM in patients with RA. Future study may help to determine if targeted treatments in at-risk individuals could prevent the development of DM.
Conditional Cancer Immunotherapy as a Safer Way to Step on the Gas
Authors: Bridget P. Keenan, Lawrence Fong
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2021)

In this issue, Kamata-Sakurai and colleagues describe an agonist antibody to CD137 (4-1BB) that takes on an active conformation in environments with high ATP concentrations, characteristic of tumors. This represents a novel advancement in developing immunotherapies that can be administered systemically, but act locally to induce antitumor immune responses without the usual attendant toxicities.See related article by Kamata-Sakurai et al., p. 158.
The amino acid transporter SLC7A5 is required for efficient growth of KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer
Authors: Arafath K. Najumudeen, Fatih Ceteci, Sigrid K. Fey, Gregory Hamm, Rory T. Steven, Holly Hall, Chelsea J. Nikula, Alex Dexter, Teresa Murta, Alan M. Race, David Sumpton, Nikola Vlahov, David M. Gay, John R. P. Knight, Rene Jackstadt, Joshua D. G. Leach, Rachel A. Ridgway, Emma R. Johnson, Colin Nixon, Ann Hedley, Kathryn Gilroy, William Clark, Sudhir B. Malla, Philip D. Dunne, Giovanny Rodriguez-Blanco, Susan E. Critchlow, Agata Mrowinska, Gaurav Malviya, Dmitry Solovyev, Gavin Brown, David Y. Lewis, Gillian M. Mackay, Douglas Strathdee, Saverio Tardito, Eyal Gottlieb, Andrew Campbell, Arafath Najumudeen, Alan M. Race, Ian Gilmore, Greg McMahon, Paul Grant, Bin Yan, Adam J. Taylor, Efstathios Elia, Spencer Thomas, Catherine Munteanu, Ala Al-Afeef, Amy Burton, Jean-Luc Vorng, Xavier Loizeau, Weiwei Zhou, Ammar Nasif, Ariadna Gonzalez, Hanifa Koquna, Martin Metodiev, Melina Kyriazi, Junting Zhang, Lucas Zeiger, Johan Vande-Voorde, Jennifer Morton, Dmitry Soloviev, Vincen Wu, Yuchen Xiang, Daniel McGill, Stefania Maneta-Stravrakaki, Jaynisha Mistry, Emine Kazanc, Mariia Yuneva, Yulia Panina, Chandan Seth Nanda, Peter Kreuzaler, Avinash Ghanate, Stephanie Ling, Jack Richings, Kevin Brindle, Anastasia Tsyben, George Poulogiannis, Amit Gupta, Aurelien Tripp, Evi Karali, Nikolaos Koundouros, Thanasis Tsalikis, John Marshall, Magali Garrett, Harry Hall, Zoltan Takats, Simon T. Barry, Richard J. A. Goodwin, Josephine Bunch, Martin Bushell, Andrew D. Campbell, Owen J. Sansom
Journal: Nature Genetics (2021)
Pulmonary function and radiological features 4 months after COVID-19: first results from the national prospective observational Swiss COVID-19 lung study
Authors: Sabina A. Guler, Lukas Ebner, Catherine Aubry-Beigelman, Pierre-Olivier Bridevaux, Martin Brutsche, Christian Clarenbach, Christian Garzoni, Thomas K. Geiser, Alexandra Lenoir, Marco Mancinetti, Bruno Naccini, Sebastian R. Ott, Lise Piquilloud, Maura Prella, Yok-Ai Que, Paula M. Soccal, Christophe von Garnier, Manuela Funke-Chambour
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2021)

Background The infectious coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an ongoing global healthcare challenge. Up to one-third of hospitalised patients develop severe pulmonary complications and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Pulmonary outcomes following COVID-19 are unknown. Methods The Swiss COVID-19 lung study is a multicentre prospective cohort investigating pulmonary sequelae of COVID-19. We report on initial follow-up 4 months after mild/moderate or severe/critical COVID-19 according to the World Health Organization severity classification. Results 113 COVID-19 survivors were included (mild/moderate n=47, severe/critical n=66). We confirmed several comorbidities as risk factors for severe/critical disease. Severe/critical disease was associated with impaired pulmonary function, i.e. diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide ( D LCO ) % predicted, reduced 6-min walk distance (6MWD) and exercise-induced oxygen desaturation. After adjustment for potential confounding by age, sex and body mass index (BMI), patients after severe/critical COVID-19 had a D LCO 20.9% pred (95% CI 12.4–29.4% pred, p=0.01) lower at follow-up. D LCO % pred was the strongest independent factor associated with previous severe/critical disease when age, sex, BMI, 6MWD and minimal peripheral oxygen saturation at exercise were included in the multivariable model (adjusted odds ratio per 10% predicted 0.59, 95% CI 0. 37–0.87; p=0.01). Mosaic hypoattenuation on chest computed tomography at follow-up was significantly associated with previous severe/critical COVID-19 including adjustment for age and sex (adjusted OR 11.7, 95% CI 1.7–239; p=0.03). Conclusions 4 months after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, severe/critical COVID-19 was associated with significant functional and radiological abnormalities, potentially due to small-airway and lung parenchymal disease. A systematic follow-up for survivors needs to be evaluated to optimise care for patients recovering from COVID-19.
Lungenerkrankungen unklarer Ätiologie
Authors: Alexander Bankier
Journal: Thorax (2003)

Das vorliegende Kapitel behandelt die radiologischen Veränderungen, welche durch Lungenerkrankungen unbekannter Ätiologie verursacht werden. Im pathologischen Kontext der Sarkoidose, der Histiozytose X, der neurokutanen Syndrome, der Lymphangioleiomyomatose, der Alveolar Proteinose, der alveolären Mikrolithiasis und der kryptogenen organisierenden Pneumonie werden häufige und seltenere radiologische Befundkonstellationen vorgestellt. Der Schwerpunkt des Bildmaterials liegt hier bewusst auf der konventionellen Radiologie und der Computertomographie, da diese beiden Techniken weiterhin unabdingbare Standbeine der thorakalen Bildgebung bleiben werden. ÖUber die reine Röntgenmorphologie hinaus reichen kurze Zusatzinformationen über Pathogenese, Epidemiologie und die Bildgebung ergänzende diagnostische Verfahren, die im Rahmen der einzelnen Erkrankungen diskutiert werden. Diese Informationen sollen dazu beitragen, das pathologische und radiologische Material in jenen multimodalen Kontext zu betten, der Voraussetzung für eine patientenorientierte, klinisch relevante und integrative Bildgebung thorakaler Erkrankungen ist.
Sugar-sweetened beverage taxes: Lessons to date and the future of taxation
Authors: Barry M. Popkin, Shu Wen Ng
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2021)

To date, across the globe, over 45 countries, cities, and regions have instituted sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes.Fig 1 is a map of the world highlighting the diversity of countries where SSB taxes now exist and options in tax formats [1]. Why tax SSBs?We see at least 2 major health-related reasons to focus on SSBs.First, excess sugar consumption is a major cause of obesity and the increasing risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, liver and kidney damage, heart disease, and some cancers [2][3][4].Second, high-caloric beverages offer little caloric compensation, so reducing their consumption lowers obesity risk [5,6].Furthermore, we are beginning to understand the potential impacts of these beverages on stunting as well as obesity [7][8][9][10][11].A less emphasized reason that deserves greater attention as we consider the links between our diets and planetary health is the environmental costs related to the production of sugary drinks, particularly in water use and carbon emissions.Estimates of total water lifecycle costs to produce a half-liter (or 17-ounce) regular soft drink range from 168 to 309 liters, depending on the sugar source and farm technology [12][13][14].Finally, from a practical standpoint, SSB taxes have gained momentum because of their relative ease of implementation compared to other food/nutrition policy options.Taxes collected from manufacturers, bottlers, and distributors can often be built into existing taxation frameworks and collection systems, and these health taxes are a potential source of revenue. What have we learned from major evaluations to date?Three recent papers published in PLOS Medicine highlight the potentials of different methods of discouraging SSB consumption among the public and encouraging reformulations by the beverage industry.In the United Kingdom, the multitiered Sugar Drinks Industry Levy based on sugar content has prompted remarkable reformulations and shifts in purchases with new low-calorie beverages emerging [15].In Portugal, earlier findings suggest both sugar reduction in beverage formulations and reduced sales [16], and the latest paper by Goiana-da-Silva and colleagues simulates its implication for lowering new cases of obesity in children, adolescents, and adults [17].Likewise, reformulations are an important driver of change in response to Chile's integrated food labeling, marketing, and school food regulations [18].Taillie and colleagues' new study found a 23.7% reduction overall in the volume of SSBs purchased and a 27.5% decline in calories consumed per capita per day [19].While reductions in SSB purchases and modeled improvements in obesity outcomes address the objectives of these policies, the implications of reformulations are unclear and need monitoring.Overall, price changes are heterogeneous depending on the baseline levels of consumption, market shares of beverage brands given the geographic coverage of the tax, and reflect strategic
Psychological processes mediating the association between developmental trauma and specific psychotic symptoms in adults: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Michael A.P. Bloomfield, Tinya Chang, Maximillian J. Woodl, Laura M. Lyons, Zhen Cheng, Clarissa Bauer‐Staeb, Catherine Hobbs, Sophie Bracke, Helen Kennerley, Louise Isham, Chris Brewin, Jo Billings, Talya Greene, Glyn Lewis
Journal: World Psychiatry (2021)

Experiencing psychological trauma during childhood and/or adolescence is associated with an increased risk of psychosis in adulthood. However, we lack a clear knowledge of how developmental trauma induces vulnerability to psychotic symptoms. Understanding the psychological processes involved in this association is crucial to the development of preventive interventions and improved treatments. We sought to systematically review the literature and combine findings using meta‐analytic techniques to establish the potential roles of psychological processes in the associations between developmental trauma and specific psychotic experiences (i.e., hallucinations, delusions and paranoia). Twenty‐two studies met our inclusion criteria. We found mediating roles of dissociation, emotional dysregulation and post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms (avoidance, numbing and hyperarousal) between developmental trauma and hallucinations. There was also evidence of a mediating role of negative schemata, i.e. mental constructs of meanings, between developmental trauma and delusions as well as paranoia. Many studies to date have been of poor quality, and the field is limited by mostly cross‐sectional research. Our findings suggest that there may be distinct psy­chological pathways from developmental trauma to psychotic phenomena in adulthood. Clinicians should carefully ask people with psychosis about their history of developmental trauma, and screen patients with such a history for dissociation, emotional dysregulation and PTSD symptoms. Well conducted research with prospective designs, including neurocognitive assessment, is required in order to fully understand the biopsychosocial mechanisms underlying the association between developmental trauma and psychosis.