tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Calcium, sodium, and the calcium paradox.
Authors: W GNayler, S EPerry, J SElz, M JDaly
Journal: Circulation Research (1984)

The effect of  loading, of verapamil and of nifedipine on the gain in calcium and sodium, and on the loss of myoglobin, during the calcium paradox in adult rat hearts was examined. Raising cell sodium from 56.5 +/- 2.6 to 129.5 +/- 10.2 mumol sodium/gram dry weight did not alter the degree or rate of calcium gain or myoglobin release during calcium repletion after long periods (greater than 2 minutes) of calcium-free perfusion; under these conditions, and in the presence of 10 micrograms/liter verapamil, calcium gain was enhanced. However, after shorter periods (0.5-1.5 minutes), of calcium-free perfusion, calcium gain was enhanced in sodium-loaded hearts, even in the absence of verapamil, and particularly during the early stages of repletion. The presence of 1 and 10 mumol/liter dl-verapamil and 1 mumol/liter nifedipine before, during, and after 10 minutes of calcium-free perfusion significantly (P less than 0.01) slowed the early (up to 1 minute for verapamil and 2 minutes for nifedipine) but ...
The apical A wave versus the fourth heart sound in assessing the severity of aortic stenosis.
Authors: M AKavalier, JStewart, M ETavel
Journal: Circulation (1975)

The height of the  wave of the apexcardiogram was evaluated as a marker for critical aortic stenosis in patients over 40. Critical aoritc stenosis was defined as an aortic valve area less than .75 cm-2 with no more than mild aortic insufficiency. Phonocardiograms and apexcardiograms were performed on 72 patients with catheterization proven aortic stenosis and on 14 normal controls, all over age 40. The height of the  wave of the apexcardiogram was measured as a percentage of the e to o excursion (a/e-o). Fourth heart sound gallops ( S4G) were recorded in 71% (11 of 14) of normal controls, 86% (6 of 7) of patients with less than critical aortic stenosis, and 85% ( 55 of 65) of patients with critical aortic stenosis. The a/e-o was less than 16% in all normals or patients with less than critical aortic stenosis. The a/e-o exceeded 16% in 45% (29 of 65) with critical aortic stenosis. Audibility of the S4G bore no relationship to recordability, apical  wave geight, or the severity of the aortic stenos...
Eus Guided Gastrojejunostomy For The Management Of Gastric Outlet Obstruction: a Single Centre Experience
Authors: W On, MT Huggett, B Paranandi
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims There are various modalities of management of gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) namely endoscopic enteral stenting, surgical bypass or placement of a venting gastrostomy tube. Endoscopic ultrasound guided gastrojejunostomy (EUS-GJ) via placement of a lumen apposing metal stent has recently emerged as a viable and effective method of managing GOO. We aimed to describe the procedural characteristics, technical and clinical outcomes in patients who underwent EUS-GJ at our institution.
The effects of the coronary capacitance on the interpretation of diastolic pressure-flow relationships.
Authors: CEng, J HJentzer, E SKirk
Journal: Circulation Research (1982)

The effects of coronary capacitance on instantaneous pressure-flow (P/F) relationships were analyzed using a theoretical model of coronary flow during diastole that included capacitance. The magnitude of the discrepancy between actual intramural and instantaneously derived P/F relationships was predicted to be dependent on the ratio of two natural decay constants (central aortic decay constant/intrinsic coronary decay constant). The effects of coronary capacitance are eliminated using constant pressure conditions. The instantaneous (dynamic) and constant pressure (static) P/F relationships were compared experimentally using a reservoir to provide constant pressure perfusion during prolonged diastoles in heart blocked dogs. In the presence of coronary tone, zero flow pressure intercepts (Pzf) of 27.1 +/- 6.6 and 11.0 +/- 3.0 mm Hg were obtained under dynamic and constant pressure conditions respectively, P less than 0.001. After maximal vasodilation, Pzf of 14.2 +/- 4.5 mmHg and 10.7 +/- 2.4 mmHg were obta...
His-ventricular dissociation in a patient with reciprocating tachycardia and a nodoventricular bypass tract.
Authors: FMorady, M MScheinman, RGonzalez, DHess
Journal: Circulation (1981)

A patient with recurrent bouts of atrial fibrillation and wide-complex regular tachycardia underwent electrophysiologic studies. Premature atrial stimulation or atrial pacing during sinus rhythm resulted in gradual lengthening of the PR and AH intervals, narrowing of the HV interval and progressive preexcitation with a left bundle branch block and left-axis contour. Induction of tachycardia was dependent on critical delay in the atrioventricular interval and was associated with attainment of a maximal preexcitation pattern. During tachycardia, the ventriculoatrial interval was constant, whereas the interval from His bundle deflection to the ventricular complex was variable. We postulate that the tachycardia circuit involved reciprocation within the atrioventricular node and that a nodoventricular bypass tract was present in close anatomic or functional association with the slow atrioventricular nodal pathway. Our data suggest that both the nodoventricular bypass tract and the His-Purkinje system may be pa...
Optical recordings in the rabbit heart show that defibrillation strength shocks prolong the duration of depolarization and the refractory period.
Authors: S MDillon
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

The present data were obtained using the technique of optical recording with the voltage-sensitive dye WW781. This technique, unlike electrical methods, was able to provide uninterrupted recordings free of artifacts during defibrillation shocks. Optical recordings were made from sites on the ventricular epicardium of perfused rabbit hearts during electrical pacing. Continuous recordings of the electrophysiological responses of an intact heart to defibrillation threshold-strength shocks were made. It was shown that these shocks were able to stimulate normal-appearing action potentials in nonrefractory myocardium. A new and unexpected finding was that defibrillation threshold-strength shocks were also able to evoke a sustained, depolarizing response from myocardium already undergoing an action potential. This prolonged the time that the myocardium remained in the depolarized state. Prolongation of the depolarized state was accompanied by an equal prolongation of the refractory period. There was no indicatio...
Reduced L-type calcium current in the embryonic chick heart with persistent truncus arteriosus.
Authors: T LCreazzo
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

Calcium currents were examined in an experimental model in the embryonic chick heart with a congenital malformation known as persistent truncus arteriosus. This is a severe defect characterized by failure of conotruncal and aorticopulmonary septation of the embryonic heart tube. As a result, no separation into the aortic and pulmonary arteries occurs, and there is a common outflow tract. The hearts with persistent truncus arteriosus had a 26% greater ventricular to whole embryo weight, which indicated that the ventricles were enlarged. Both the low-threshold T-type (ICa.T) and the 1,4-dihydropyridine-sensitive L-type (ICa.L) Ca2+ currents were present in the ventricular myocytes from hearts at day 11 of incubation. However, day 11 hearts with persistent truncus arteriosus showed a twofold reduction in the peak magnitude of ICa.L at a test potential of + 10 mV without a concomitant reduction in the number of L channels detected by 1,4-dihydropyridine antagonist [(+)[3H]PN200-110] and agonist (Bay K 8644) r...
Sapanisertib Plus Exemestane or Fulvestrant in Women with Hormone Receptor–Positive/HER2-Negative Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Bora Lim, David A. Potter, Mohamad A. Salkeni, Paula Silverman, Tufia C. Haddad, Frederic Forget, Ahmad Awada, Jean-Luc Canon, Michael Danso, Alain Lortholary, Hugues Bourgeois, Elizabeth Tan-Chiu, Sylvie Vincent, Brittany Bahamon, Kevin J. Galinsky, Chirag Patel, Rachel Neuwirth, E. Jane Leonard, Jennifer R. Diamond
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

This open-label, multicenter, phase IB/II study evaluated sapanisertib, a dual inhibitor of mTOR kinase complexes 1/2, plus exemestane or fulvestrant in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/HER2-negative (HER2-) advanced/metastatic breast cancer.Eligible patients had previously progressed on everolimus with exemestane/fulvestrant and received ≤3 (phase IB) or ≤1 (phase II) prior chemotherapy regimens. Patients received sapanisertib 3 to 5 mg every day (phase IB), or 4 mg every day (phase II) with exemestane 25 mg every day or fulvestrant 500 mg monthly in 28-day cycles. Phase II enrolled parallel cohorts based on prior response to everolimus. The primary objective of phase II was to evaluate antitumor activity by clinical benefit rate at 16 weeks (CBR-16).Overall, 118 patients enrolled in phase IB (n = 24) and II (n = 94). Five patients in phase IB experienced dose-limiting toxicities, at sapanisertib doses of 5 mg every day (n = 4) and 4 mg every day (n = 1); sapanisertib 4 mg every day was the MTD in combination with exemestane or fulvestrant. In phase II, in everolimus-sensitive versus everolimus-resistant cohorts, CBR-16 was 45% versus 23%, and overall response rate was 8% versus 2%, respectively. The most common adverse events were nausea (52%), fatigue (47%), diarrhea (37%), and hyperglycemia (33%); rash occurred in 17% of patients. Molecular analysis suggested positive association between AKT1 mutation status and best treatment response (complete + partial response; P = 0.0262).Sapanisertib plus exemestane or fulvestrant was well tolerated and exhibited clinical benefit in postmenopausal women with pretreated everolimus-sensitive or everolimus-resistant breast cancer.
Mapping the conversion of atrial flutter to atrial fibrillation and atrial fibrillation to atrial flutter. Insights into mechanisms.
Authors: JOrtiz, SNiwano, YRudy, N JJohnson, A LWaldo
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

It is not generally believed that there is a relation between atrial flutter, thought to be due to a single reentrant circuit, and atrial fibrillation, thought to be due to simultaneously circulating multiple-reentrant wave fronts. However, there are many reasons to suggest that these rhythms are more closely related than previously thought. To test the hypothesis that the length of an area of functional block in the right atrial free wall is critical to the conversion of atrial flutter to atrial fibrillation and of atrial fibrillation to atrial flutter, we studied spontaneous and ATP-induced conversion of stable atrial flutter to sustained atrial fibrillation and spontaneous conversion of sustained atrial fibrillation to stable atrial flutter. We studied 13 episodes of the conversion of stable atrial flutter to sustained atrial fibrillation and sustained atrial fibrillation to stable atrial flutter in seven dogs with sterile pericarditis. Six episodes were spontaneous and seven were ATP related. All epis...
Pacing-induced automaticity in sheep Purkinje fibers.
Authors: R WWald, M BWaxman
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

The induction and decay of pacing-induced automaticity were studied in 15 sheep Purkinje fiber preparations superfused with modified Tyrode's solution containing norepinephrine, 2.5 x 10(-7) M. All preparations were quiescent prior to pacing. Spontaneous automaticity could be induced in each preparation provided a sufficient number of pacing stimuli were applied at a fast enough rate. Once the minimum pacing requirements for induction of automaticity were exceeded, the number, total duration, and fastest rate of the induced beats were proportional to the number and rate of the pacing stimuli up to a maximum which could not be exceeded. Consecutive trains of stimuli were additive in inducing automaticity, provided that the pauses between them were short enough to preclude the time-dependent return of automatic properties to their pre-pacing level. Prolonged sequence of fixed pacing trains resulted in stable degrees of automaticity which depended on the length of the pause between them. These observations p...
Quantitative cineangiographic analysis of ventricular volume and mass in patients with single ventricle: relation to ventricular morphologies.
Authors: TSano, MOgawa, HYabuuchi, HMatsuda, SNakano, YShimazaki, KTaniguchi, JArisawa, HHirose, YKawashima
Journal: Circulation (1988)

With the use of biplane selective ventriculography, the ventricular volume, ejection fraction, and ventricular mass were evaluated in 28 patients with a single ventricle, and those with the left ventricular type (LV type, 12 patients) and right ventricular type (RV type, 16 patients) were compared. There were no significant differences in terms of age, hemoglobin, systemic oxygen saturation, or pulmonary-to-systemic flow ratio in the two groups. No patients with atrioventricular valve regurgitation were included. The ventricular cavity volume was calculated by the area-length method. The ventricular mass volume was determined as the shell volume created by subtracting the ventricular cavity volume from the total ventricular volume calculated by adding the free wall thickness to the chamber dimensions. The ventricular mass volume was converted to mass by multiplying by the gravity of the heart muscle. There was no significant difference between patients with the LV type and RV type of single ventricle with...
Ca2+ uptake by cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum from patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy.
Authors: M AMovsesian, M RBristow, JKrall
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

We measured Ca2+ uptake by sarcoplasmic reticulum prepared from left ventricular myocardium obtained from six nonfailing human hearts and nine excised hearts from patients with class IV idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Ca2+ uptake had a Vmax of 593 +/- 82 nmol/mg-min, a K0.5 of 0.68 +/- 0.07 microM, and an nHill of 1.7 +/- 0.1 in the nonfailing hearts. The corresponding values in the excised failing hearts were 593 +/- 36 nmol/mg-min, 0.63 +/- 0.03 microM, and 1.6 +/- 0.1. The beta-receptor density in crude sarcolemma prepared from left ventricular myocardium was 110.0 +/- 15.3 fmol/mg in the unmatched donors and 52.1 +/- 4.5 fmol/mg in the excised failing hearts. These results suggest that abnormal Ca2+ handling in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy in humans is not the result of any intrinsic alteration of Ca2+ uptake by sarcoplasmic reticulum.
The effect of diabetes on performance and metabolism of rat hearts.
Authors: SPenpargkul, TSchaible, TYipintsoi, JScheuer
Journal: Circulation Research (1980)

To explore the effects of diabetes on myocardial function and metabolism we injected male rats with streptozotocin and studied their hearts 8 weeks later. Blood sugar levels in the treated rats were about 600 mg/100 ml. Body and heart growth rates were diminished. When studied in an isolated working rat heart apparatus using 5.5 mM glucose, hearts of diabetic animals showed diminished cardiac output and stroke work at high filling pressures. There also were significant depressions in peak left ventricular systolic pressure, peak aortic flow rate, maximum negative dP/dt, myocardial oxygen extraction, myocardial lactate production, and effluent lactate:pyruvate ratios. Myocardial glycogen stores, calculated glycogen utilization, and pyruvate production were increased in hearts of diabetics, and myocardial oxygen consumption was the same as in control hearts. The end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship was shifted to the right in hearts of diabetics. Most of the abnormalities observed in hearts of diabeti...
Toward Understanding COVID-19 Recovery: National Institutes of Health Workshop on Postacute COVID-19
Authors: Andrea M. Lerner, Daphne A. Robinson, Linda Yang, Carolyn F. Williams, Lori M. Newman, Joseph J. Breen, Robert W. Eisinger, Johanna S. Schneider, Adaora A. Adimora, Emily J. Erbelding
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2021)

Over the past year, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has swept the globe, resulting in an enormous worldwide burden of infection and mortality. However, the additional toll resulting from long-term consequences of the pandemic has yet to be tallied. Heterogeneous disease manifestations and syndromes are now recognized among some persons after their initial recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection, representing in the broadest sense a failure to return to a baseline state of health after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. On 3 to 4 December 2020, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, in collaboration with other Institutes and Centers of the National Institutes of Health, convened a virtual workshop to summarize existing knowledge on postacute COVID-19 and to identify key knowledge gaps regarding this condition.
The impact of serum uric acid on cardiovascular outcomes in the LIFE study
Authors: Stella S. Daskalopoulou, Vasilios G. Athyros, Moses Elisaf, Dimitri Mikhailidis
Journal: Kidney International (2004)

To the Editor: The analysis of the role of serum uric acid (SUA) levels in the Losartan In tervention for Endpoint reduction in hypertension study (LIFE) study is of considerable interest1Hoieggen A. Alderman M.H. Kjeldsen S.E. et al.LIFE Study Group: The impact of serum uric acid on cardiovascular outcomes in the LIFE study.Kidney Int. 2004; 65: 1041-1049Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (422) Google Scholar. Briefly, 29% of the superiority of losartan (compared with atenolol) on the primary composite end point was attributed to a fall in SUA. In the Greek Atorvastatin and Coronary-Heart disease Evaluation (GREACE) study, using atorvastatin to achieve the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goal for high-risk patients (100 mg/dL; 2.6 mmol/L) was associated with a significant (P < 0.0001) fall in SUA levels2Athyros V.G. Elisaf M. Papageorgiou A.A. et al.GREACE Study Collaborative Group: Effect of statins versus untreated dyslipidemia on serum uric acid levels in patients with coronary heart disease. A subgroup analysis of the GREek Atorvastatin and Coronary-heart-disease Evaluation (GREACE) study.Am J Kidney Dis. 2004; 43: 589-599Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (215) Google Scholar. In contrast, a significant (P < 0.0001) increase in SUA occurred in the ‘usual care’ group, where the majority did not achieve the LDL-C target. Every 1 mg/dL fall in SUA resulted in a decreased hazard ratio (0.76; 95% CI 0.62–0.89; P = 0.001) for vascular events. The fall in SUA was attributed to a parallel reduction in serum creatinine (SCr). A decrease in SUA and SCr was seen in 103 peripheral arterial disease patients taking simvastatin3Youssef F. Gupta P. Seifalian A.M. et al.The effect of short-term treatment with simvastatin on renal function in patients with peripheral arterial disease.Angiology. 2003; 55: 53-62Crossref Scopus (77) Google Scholar. In the Heart Protection Study, the simvastatin group had a significantly smaller (P < 0.0001) increase in SCr than the placebo group4Heart Protection Study Collaborative GroupMRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol-lowering with simvastatin in 5963 people with diabetes: A randomised placebo-controlled trial.Lancet. 2003; 361: 2005-2016Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (2601) Google Scholar. In the LIFE study, the fall in SUA levels may be attributed to the specific uricosuric action of losartan because the final SCr levels were similar in the losartan and atenolol groups. Therefore, statins and losartan probably lower SUA levels via different mechanisms, thus raising the possibility of an additive effect. The use of drugs that lower SUA levels may significantly lower the risk of vascular events5Daskalopoulou S.S. Mikhailidis D.P. Athyros V.G. et al.Fenofibrate and losartan.Ann Rheum Dis. 2004; 63: 469-470PubMed Google Scholar.
Quantification of experimental myocardial infarction using nuclear magnetic resonance imaging and paramagnetic ion contrast enhancement in excised canine hearts.
Authors: M RGoldman, T JBrady, I LPykett, C TBurt, F SBuonanno, J PKistler, J HNewhouse, W SHinshaw, G MPohost
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Determination of myocardial infarct size is important for clinical management of patients with ischemic heart disease and for research on limiting infarct size. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging permits tomographic depiction of the distribution of mobile tissue protons. NMR images have demonstrated high spatial resolution and contrast. To evaluate the potential of this technique in measuring myocardial infarct size, NMR imaging was performed in six canine hearts excised 24 hours after circumflex coronary artery ligation. Before sacrifice, the dogs received i.v. manganous chloride (0.05 mmol/kg). After NMR imaging, the heart were sectioned and the myocardial slices were stained with triphenyl tetrazolium chloride. The pathologically determined infarct size was compared with the infarct size measured by NMR imaging. The correlation was good (regression line slope 1.06; r = 0.94). We conclude that NMR imaging with paramagnetic contrast agents can be used to determine infarct size in excised hearts.
"THE FALLACY OF SAHLI 'DESMOID REACTION'"
Authors: Hermann Sahli
Journal: JAMA (1924)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journal, Oct. 20, 1923, Dr. Buckstein of New York, on the basis of an experiment of doubtful value, combats the accuracy of the desmoid reaction, introduced by me into clinical medicine. Before offering any criticism of his experiment, I should like to call the attention of the author to the literature of the subject, which, with the exception of an English translation of an early edition of my textbook, seems to be unknown to him. For otherwise, he would scarcely have advanced the opinion that the method is solely supported by an "assertion" of A. Schmidt and by the "authority" of my name. The investigations of Schmidt are not the only publications on the subject, nor are they a mere authoritative statement, lacking proof. The desmoid reaction has been studied, both experimentally and clinically, and rests on incontrovertible findings, in the main on our knowledge
Evaluation of Anxiety and Depression in a Community Sample of Transgender Youth
Authors: Dominic J. Gibson, Jessica J. Glazier, Kristina R. Olson
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

This cross-sectional study of families with transgender children compares responses on anxiety and depression questionnaires from transgender youth, cisgender siblings of transgender children, and cisgender age-matched controls, as well as the parents of all 3 groups.
Increased risk of severe protamine reactions in NPH insulin-dependent diabetics undergoing cardiac catheterization.
Authors: W JStewart, S MMcSweeney, M AKellett, D PFaxon, T JRyan
Journal: Circulation (1984)

Protamine is widely used for reversing systemic heparinization after cardiac catheterization. Although rare, major reactions to protamine that simulate anaphylaxis occasionally occur and have previously been associated only with an allergic reaction to fish. Because neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin includes protamine, it might be anticipated that NPH insulin-dependent diabetic patients would develop sensitivity to protamine. Of 866 consecutive patients undergoing cardiac catheterization over a 20 month period, 651 received protamine for reversal of heparinization. Of these, 8.5% (56/651) were diabetics and 2.3% (15/651) were NPH insulin-dependent diabetics. During this period seven patients were observed immediately after administration of protamine to have major adverse reactions that required the administration of catecholamines. One death ensued. Of the seven major reactions, four occurred in NPH insulin-dependent diabetics and one occurred in a patient with an allergy to fish. The incidence of...