tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OP0116 Vertebral deformities are associated with quantitative ultrasound variables in rheumatoid arthritis a study of 198 female patients
Authors: RE Orstavik, G Haugeberg, TK Kvien, F Lilleaas, A Hoiseth
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> <h3>Objectives</h3> Earlier studies have suggested that bone quality might be reduced in RA patients, and lead to a lower fracture threshold regarding DEXA measurements. Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) may give additional information about bone quality not captured by DEXA. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between vertebral deformities (VD), and bone mass measured by DEXA and QUS in female RA patients. <h3>Methods</h3> Lateral radiographs of the spine were obtained from 198 female RA patients born 1926 or later (mean age (SD) 63.3 (6.7) yrs, mean disease duration 16.7 (10.3) yrs), recruited from a population based county RA register. Vertebral deformities were measured by an experienced radiologist (AH), using a standardised semiquantitative method described by Genant, and classified as mild, moderate or severe (a reduction in any of the vertebral heights of 20–25%, 25–40% and more than 40%, respectively). QUS was measured for both heels (Lunar Achilles+), providing speed of sound (SOS), broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and Stiffness Index (SI), a parameter computed from the two above. The patients underwent BMD measurements by DEXA (Lunar Expert) at the femoral neck, total hip and lumbar spine (L2-L4). <h3>Results</h3> The total number of deformities was 127 (63 moderate or severe). Thirty-nine patients (19.7%) had at least two mild or one moderate/severe fracture. Mean values (SD) for SOS was 1484.2 m/s (35.6), BUA 98.27 dB/MHz (15.07) and SI 61.14%(19.14), mean values of T- and Z-score were ?2.43 (1.20) and ?0.97 (1.12) respectively. Mean BMD (SD) for femoral neck was 0,807 gm/cm<sup>2</sup> (0.140), total hip 0.840 gm/cm<sup>2</sup> (0.150) and L2-L4 1.050 gm/cm<sup>2</sup> (0.199), corresponding T- and Z-scores were ?1.44 (1.17)/-0.24 (0.14), -1.33 (1.25)/-0.36(1.09) and ?1.25 (1.66)/0.20 (1.55). Correlations between SI and DEXA at the femoral neck, total hip and L2-L4 were 0.56, 0.63 and 0.44 respectively. Table 1 shows the results of the bivariate analysis of the different QUS measurement values. In logistic regression analysis, applying a model using various demographic and disease variables, a Z-score less than ?1SD for Stiffness showed an independent association with vertebral deformities. <h3>Conclusion</h3> SOS, BUA and Stiffness were all strongly associated with vertebral deformities in RA patients. QUS might be an independent predictor for vertebral deformities, but this need to be evaluated in larger, prospective studies.
Coroner calls for new guidance on umbilical venous catheters after baby’s death
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2021)

A newborn baby died after doctors caring for him failed to realise that the umbilical venous catheter (UVC) through which he was being fed and medicated was wrongly positioned, a coroner has found.

Anna Crawford, assistant coroner for Surrey, called for guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) on the use of the catheters after hearing that none currently exist.

Yo Li was born extremely prematurely at St Peter’s Hospital in Chertsey on 11 January 2019 and transferred to the neonatal intensive care unit, where he was put on mechanical ventilation. A UVC was inserted but it was wrongly positioned within his liver tissue and he died four days later.

In a report to prevent future deaths, Crawford said that doctors had failed …
Impact of systemic inflammation and sarcopenia on prognosis of metastatic colorectal cancer.
Authors: David da Silva Dias, Mafalda Machado, Beatriz Gosalbez, Paula Ravasco
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

38 Background: Systemic inflammation, evaluated with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and sarcopenia, assessed with skeletal muscle index (SMI), appear to predict mortality in many cancers, although the optimal cut-offs are still a matter of debate. The goal of this study is to evaluate the cut-offs of NLR and SMI and their prognostic value on metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) under first line treatment. Methods: Retrospective cohort analysis of patients with mCRC under first-line treatment in two hospital units, between January 2015 and December 2018. Muscle mass area (MMA) was detected on computed tomography, on L3 segment, with ImageJ software. SMI was determined as MMA/height 2 . Statistical analysis was performed with IBM SPSS v25 software. Results: 178 patients were analysed, with mean age of 62 (±11) years old. 65% were male and 62.9% had ECOG PS 0. Two thirds of patients presented metastasis in a single organ, mainly in liver. The cut-off values were established based on ROC analysis. Systemic inflammation was defined as NLR &gt; 2.80 and sarcopenia was defined by SMI &lt; 49.12 cm 2 /m 2 for men and &lt;35.85 cm 2 /m 2 for women. 52% of patients presented sarcopenia. In a multivariate analysis using a Cox regression model, an association was observed between overall survival and ECOG PS (p=0.014; HR 5.46, CI 95% [1.42-21.10]), systemic inflammation (p=0,038; HR 2.20, CI 95% [1,05-4.62]) and sarcopenia (p=0.01; HR 4.73, CI 95% [1.85-12.09]). Conclusions: In this study, sarcopenia and systemic inflammation showed independent prognostic value on patients with mCRC. Future prospective studies are necessary to establish a definitive cut-off value for application in clinical practice.
Abstract 10771: Modulation of Inflammasome Mediated Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury in Donation After Circulatory Death Heart
Authors: Mohammed Quader, Eleonora Mezzaroma, Kristine Kenning, Stefano Toldo
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Donation after circulatory death (DCD) donors can expand the donor pool for heart transplantation, which presently depends on brain death (DBD) donors only. DCD process involves subst...
Safety outcomes of resuminganticancer treatment in patients with lung cancer affectedby COVID-19 illness
Authors: A. Calles, M. Galera, I. Aparicio, M. Alva, M. Bringas, N. Gutierrez, J. Soto, V. Tirado, R. Alvarez
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

Background: We aimed to describe how patients with lung cancer affected by COVID-19 recovered and weresubsequently treated  Methods: From March 4th to May 12th, 2020, we have previously identified 23 COVID-19 lung cancer patientsconfirmed by SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR in our institution (HGUGM;Madrid, Spain)  After symptom recovery patients were tested weekly with nasopharyngeal swabs for SARS-CoV2  We did not start any anticancer treatment until atleast 1 PCR confirmed a negative SARS-CoV-2 result  We reviewed treatment records, hospitalization, andoutcomes of patients who recovered from COVID-19  Results: With a median follow-up of 9 7 weeks after COVID-19 diagnosis (range 3 7-13 weeks), 15 patients areclinically recovered (65%) and 8 patients died (35%) from COVID-19  In COVID-19 survivors, time to SARS-CoV-2PCR negativization from symptoms onset was 31 days (range 13-54 days)  Three patients remain SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positive to date  Of the 12 patients who negativized for SARS-CoV-2, 8 pts have started systemic anticancertreatment as follows: immune checkpoint inhibitors (n=3), chemotherapy (n=3), and initiation of definitive thoracicchemoradiation (n=2)  All 3 pts on immunotherapy resumed the same treatment that they were receiving beforeCOVID-19 (pembrolizumab, atezolizumab), as 2 out of 3 pts did with chemotherapy (pemetrexed;carboplatin +paclitaxel)  With a median time on treatment of 40 days (range 22-48 days), only 1 patient has developed treatment-related adverse events so far (grade 1 thrombocytopenia after cycle 1, and grade 2 neutropenia after cycle 2 ofcarboplatin plus etoposide in a patient with relapsed SCLC previously treated with chemoradiation)  The 4 patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 PCR who did not start any further treatment had either already completed plannedtreatment just before COVID-19 or were under surveillance without evidence of disease  Readmission was requiredin 4/15 patients: 1 pt due to tumor progression and pulmonary embolism, 1 pt due to brain edema from known brainmetastasis, 1 pt due to Salmonella gastroenteritis, and 1 pt with hematuria due to prostate cancer  Of note, 1 patientwho previously tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 -and who already resumed chemotherapy tested positive againupon admission without COVID-19-related symptoms  Conclusions: Lung cancer patients who survived COVID-19 can be considered for cancer treatment withoutpreliminary early safety concerns  Long-term efficacy and safety evaluation by treatment modality is needed
Microbiomic profiles of bile in patients with benign and malignant pancreaticobiliary disease.
Authors: Shyam K. Poudel, Roshan Padmanabhan, Kathryn Guinta, Tyler Stevens, Madhusudhan Sanaka, Prabhleen Chahal, Davendra Sohal, Alok A. Khorana, Charis Eng
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

417 Background: In pancreaticobiliary (PB) cancers, there is a paucity of data on predictive and pathophysiologic role of the biliary microbiome. We analyzed bile collected from patients with benign and malignant PB diseases to identify microbiomic signatures associated with malignancy. Methods: We collected bile samples from consenting patients during routine endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography at the Cleveland Clinic, approved by the Institutional Review Board. DNA was extracted from bile specimens using PowerViral RNA/DNA Isolation kit. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplification and library construction were performed according to the 16S Metagenomic Sequencing Library Preparation guide from Illumina. Post-sequencing analysis was done using QIIME (Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology), Bioconductor phyloseq, microbiomeSeq and mixMC packages. Results: Of 46 enrolled patients, 32 had PB cancers including pancreatic (N = 25), cholangiocarcinoma (N = 6), and gallbladder (N = 1). The rest (N = 14) had benign PB diseases including acute and chronic pancreatitis, and gallstones. Using multivariate approach in mixMC to classify Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs), we found a predominance of genera Dicekeya (p = 0.0002), [ Eubacterium] hallii group (p = 0.0007) , Bacteroides (p = 0.00099) , Faecalibacterium (p = 0.007) , Facklamia (p = 0.013) , Peptococcus (p = 0.013) , Bergeyella (p = 0.0024) , Lachnospira (p = 0.026) , and Lactobacillus (p = 0.025) in bile samples from PB cancers as compared to benign PB diseases. Furthermore, bile samples from patients with pancreatic cancer showed an increased abundance of genera Enterobacter, Parabacteroides, Atopobium, Alloprevotella, Prevotella 7, Acinetobacter, Bergeyella, Clostridium sensu stricto, Lactobacillus, and Rothia; and a decreased abundance of genera Tannerella, Peptococcus, Colinsella, Capnocytophaga, Achromobacter, Ruminococcus 2, Bacteroides, Alistipes, Barnesiella,, Lachnoclostridium, Lautropia, Akkermansia, and Christensenellaceae R-7 group as compared to bile samples from patients with cholangiocarcinoma. Conclusions: Distinct microbiome signatures are associated with benign and malignant PB diseases. There is a difference in the relative abundance of OTUs in bile samples between patients with benign PB diseases vs PB cancers, and between pancreatic cancer vs cholangiocarcinoma. Our findings raise the possibility that either these OTUs have a role in carcinogenesis, or that changes in the microenvironment of benign PB diseases differ from PB cancers leading to distinct separation of the OTU clusters. Further studies to explore and validate our findings are needed.
A Validated Prediction Model for End-Stage Kidney Disease in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Dorte Vistisen, Gregers S. Andersen, Adam Hulman, Stuart J. McGurnaghan, Helen M. Colhoun, Jan E. Henriksen, Reimar W. Thomsen, Frederik Persson, Peter Rossing, Marit E. Jørgensen
Journal: Diabetes Care (2021)

OBJECTIVE End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is a life-threatening complication of diabetes that can be prevented or delayed by intervention. Hence, early detection of people at increased risk is essential. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS From a population-based cohort of 5,460 clinically diagnosed Danish adults with type 1 diabetes followed from 2001 to 2016, we developed a prediction model for ESKD accounting for the competing risk of death. Poisson regression analysis was used to estimate the model on the basis of information routinely collected from clinical examinations. The effect of including an extended set of predictors (lipids, alcohol intake, etc.) was further evaluated, and potential interactions identified in a survival tree analysis were tested. The final model was externally validated in 9,175 adults from Denmark and Scotland. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 10.4 years (interquartile limits 5.1; 14.7), 303 (5.5%) of the participants (mean [SD] age 42.3 [16.5] years) developed ESKD, and 764 (14.0%) died without having developed ESKD. The final ESKD prediction model included age, male sex, diabetes duration, estimated glomerular filtration rate, micro- and macroalbuminuria, systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, smoking, and previous cardiovascular disease. Discrimination was excellent for 5-year risk of an ESKD event, with a C-statistic of 0.888 (95% CI 0.849; 0.927) in the derivation cohort and confirmed at 0.865 (0.811; 0.919) and 0.961 (0.940; 0.981) in the external validation cohorts from Denmark and Scotland, respectively. CONCLUSIONS We have derived and validated a novel, high-performing ESKD prediction model for risk stratification in the adult type 1 diabetes population. This model may improve clinical decision making and potentially guide early intervention.
FRI0219 Auto-antibodies in primary sjÖgren syndrome patients and histopathologic findings
Authors: C Fernández-Carballido, JJ Alegre-Sancho, JA Román-Ivorra, A Villanueva, L Abad, B Pérez, S Fernández
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> <h3>Objectives</h3> We have analysed the prevalence of antinuclear antibodies (ANA), Rheumatoid Factor (RF), anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB antibodies in patients with Primary Sjögren Syndrome (PSS) and different grades of minor salivary gland biopsies. <h3>Methods</h3> 120 patients with PSS were included. All patients fulfilled &gt; = 4 criteria and had a lip biopsy. We analysed the prevalence of ANA, RF, Anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB antibodies with regard to different grades of minor salivary gland biopsies. All biopsies were evaluated and classified according to Chisholm-Mason system by the same pathologist. Chi-square and Fisher tests were used; sensitivity and specificity for a positive biopsy (grades III and IV) were calculated. <h3>Results</h3> No significative differences were detected between patients with grade II and III biopsies. Significative differences between grade III and IV were achieved for ANA (p = 0,02) and RF (p = 0,001). <h3>Conclusion</h3> In our PSS patients, auto-antibodies´ profile did not differ between patients with different grades of infiltration in lip biopsy.
Abstract 323: Time to Specialized Prehospital Care and Neurologically Favorable Survival After Traumatic Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Results From a Japanese Registry-Based Study
Authors: Tatsuma Fukuda, Naoko Ohashi-Fukuda, Yutaka Kondo, Hiroshi Sekiguchi, Ichiro Kukita
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Specialized care is essential for successful resuscitation after traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). However, the effect of early specialized care by healthcare professional for traumatic OHCA in the prehospital setting is unknown. Hypothesis: We sought to determine whether time to specialized prehospital care by healthcare professional is associated with a neurological status after traumatic OHCA. Methods: This was a nationwide population-based study of traumatic OHCA based on data from the All-Japan Utstein Registry. We included patients who experienced traumatic OHCA in Japan from 2013 to 2016. The primary outcome was 1-month neurologically favorable survival. Results: A total of 8,470 patients were included. Among these patients, 50 (0.6%) survived with a favorable neurological status one month after OHCA. The median time to specialized prehospital care by healthcare professional was 9 minutes (IQR, 7-13; mean [SD], 10.7 [6.3] minutes). Longer time to specialized prehospital care was associated with a decreased chance of neurologically favorable survival: 2.6, 1.2, 0.9, 0.5, 0.2, and 0.0%, respectively, when time to specialized prehospital care was treated as a categorical variable categorized into ≤2, 3-5, 6-8, 9-11, 12-14, and ≥15 minutes (P for trend &lt;0.0001), and multivariable-adjusted OR per minute delay 0.79 (95%CI 0.70-0.89, P&lt;0.0001) when time to specialized prehospital care was treated as a linear and continuous variable. In subgroup analyses, longer time to specialized care was associated with a decreased chance of neurologically favorable survival when ALS was provided in the prehospital setting (adjusted OR 0.73, 95%CI 0.61-0.87, P=0.0007), especially when prehospital ALS was performed by physician (adjusted OR 0.72, 95%CI 0.56-0.93, P=0.0119), whereas there was no significant association between time to specialized care and neurologically favorable survival when only BLS was provided in the prehospital setting (adjusted OR 0.86, 95%CI 0.74-1.01, P=0.0734). Conclusion: In traumatic OHCA, delayed specialized prehospital care by healthcare professional was associated with a decreased chance of neurologically favorable survival, especially when a physician was involved in prehospital ALS.
Steroid-resistant human inflammatory ILC2s are marked by CD45RO and elevated in type 2 respiratory diseases
Authors: Esmee K. van der Ploeg, Korneliusz Golebski, Menno van Nimwegen, Joannah R. Fergusson, Balthasar A. Heesters, Itziar Martinez-Gonzalez, Chantal M. A. Kradolfer, Sophie van Tol, Brendon P. Scicluna, Marjolein J. W. de Bruijn, Geertje M. de Boer, Gerdien A. Tramper-Stranders, Gert-Jan Braunstahl, Wilfred F. J. van IJcken, A. Paul Nagtegaal, Cornelis M. van Drunen, Wytske J. Fokkens, Danny Huylebroeck, Hergen Spits, Rudi W. Hendriks, Ralph Stadhouders, Suzanne M. Bal
Journal: Science Immunology (2021)

An inflammatory CD45RO + ILC2 population found in inflamed human nasal tissue is steroid resistant and linked to type 2 immunopathology.
Large pH oscillations promote host defense against human airways infection
Authors: Dusik Kim, Jie Liao, Nathan B. Scales, Carolina Martini, Xiaojie Luan, Asmahan Abu-Arish, Renaud Robert, Yishan Luo, Geoffrey A. McKay, Dao Nguyen, Marc A. Tewfik, Charles D. Poirier, Elias Matouk, Juan P. Ianowski, Saul Frenkiel, John W. Hanrahan
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2021)

The airway mucosal microenvironment is crucial for host defense against inhaled pathogens but remains poorly understood. We report here that the airway surface normally undergoes surprisingly large excursions in pH during breathing that can reach pH 9.0 during inhalation, making it the most alkaline fluid in the body. Transient alkalinization requires luminal bicarbonate and membrane-bound carbonic anhydrase 12 (CA12) and is antimicrobial. Luminal bicarbonate concentration and CA12 expression are both reduced in cystic fibrosis (CF), and mucus accumulation both buffers the pH and obstructs airflow, further suppressing the oscillations and bacterial-killing efficacy. Defective pH oscillations may compromise airway host defense in other respiratory diseases and explain CF-like airway infections in people with CA12 mutations.
Tractor uses local ancestry to enable the inclusion of admixed individuals in GWAS and to boost power
Authors: Elizabeth G. Atkinson, Adam X. Maihofer, Masahiro Kanai, Alicia R. Martin, Konrad J. Karczewski, Marcos L. Santoro, Jacob C. Ulirsch, Yoichiro Kamatani, Yukinori Okada, Hilary K. Finucane, Karestan C. Koenen, Caroline M. Nievergelt, Mark J. Daly, Benjamin M. Neale
Journal: Nature Genetics (2021)
THU0319 DEVELOPMENT AND OUTCOME OF AORTIC COMPLICATIONS DURING TOCILIZUMAB TREATMENT OF GCA AND HISTOPATHOLOGIC EVIDENCE OF RESIDUAL INFLAMMATION-A CASE SERIES.
Authors: A. Rubbert-Roth, P. K. Bode, T. Langenegger, C. Pfofe, T. Neumann, O. C. H. Kim, J. Von Kempis
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Background: Giant cell arteritis (GCA) may affect the aorta and the large aortic branches and lead to dissections and aortic aneurysms. Tocilizumab (TCZ) treatment has the capacity to control aortic inflammation as has been demonstrated by CRP normalization and imaging data. However, limited data are available on the histopathological findings obtained from patients who underwent surgery because of aortic complications during TCZ treatment. Objectives: We report on 5 patients with aortitis who were treated with TCZ and developed aortic complications. Methods: We describe a retrospective case series of patients with GCA treated with TCZ, who presented in our clinic between 2011 and 2019. Three patients underwent surgery. Histopathologic examination was performed in specimen from all of them. Results: Five female patients were diagnosed with GCA (4/5) or Takaysu arteritis (1/5) involving the aorta, all them diagnosed by MR angiography and/or FDG PET CT scan. Three patients (one with aortic aneurysm, one with dissection) underwent surgery after having been treated with TCZ for seven weeks, nine months and four years, respectively. Imaging before surgery showed remission on MRI and/or PET-CT in all cases. At the time of surgery, all patients showed normalized CRP and ESR values. Histopathological evaluation of the aortic wall revealed infiltrates, consisting predominantly of CD3+CD4+ T cells. Enlargement of pre-existing aneuryms was observed in the other two patients 10 weeks and 4 months after discontinuation of TCZ, respectively. Both patients were not eligible for surgical intervention and died during follow-up. Conclusion: Our case series suggests that during treatment with TCZ, regular imaging is necessary in this patient population to detect development of structural changes such as aneurysms or dissections. Despite treatment, residual inflammation might persist which could contribute to eventual aortic complications. Disclosure of Interests: Andrea Rubbert-Roth Consultant of: Abbvie, BMS, Chugai, Pfizer, Roche, Janssen, Lilly, Sanofi, Amgen, Novartis, Peter Karl Bode: None declared, Thomas Langenegger: None declared, Claudia Pfofe: None declared, Thomas Neumann: None declared, Olaf Chan-Hi Kim: None declared, Johannes von Kempis Consultant of: Roche