HIV: Closing the Mortality Gap
Authors: Marshall J. Glesby, Roy M. Gulick
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2021)

EditorialsSeptember 2021HIV: Closing the Mortality GapMarshall J. Glesby, MD, PhD and Roy M. Gulick, MD, MPHMarshall J. Glesby, MD, PhDWeill Cornell Medicine New York, New YorkSearch for more papers by this author and Roy M. Gulick, MD, MPHWeill Cornell Medicine New York, New YorkSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M21-2586 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The first cases of what became known as AIDS were reported more than 40 years ago, on 5 June 1981 (1). By the mid-1990s, the annual number of AIDS-related deaths peaked in the United States at more than 50 000, and AIDS became the leading cause of death among men and women aged 25 to 44 years (2). Over the ensuing years, advances in antiretroviral therapy—including greater potency, fewer adverse effects, increased convenience of dosing, and evidence supporting earlier initiation of therapy, combined with enhanced government-supported care and greater attention to general preventive strategies—dramatically improved survival.An analysis of National HIV ...References1. Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Pneumocystis pneumonia—Los Angeles. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1981;30:250-2. [PMID: 6265753] MedlineGoogle Scholar2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Update: mortality attributable to HIV infection among persons aged 25–44 years—United States, 1994. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1996;45:121-5. [PMID: 8622619] MedlineGoogle Scholar3. Bosh KA, Johnson AS, Hernandez AL, et al. Vital signs: deaths among persons with diagnosed HIV infection, United States, 2010–2018. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020;69:1717-24. [PMID: 33211683] doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6946a1 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Siddiqi AE, Hall HI, Hu X, et al. Population-based estimates of life expectancy after HIV diagnosis: United States 2008–2011. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2016;72:230-6. [PMID: 26890283] doi:10.1097/QAI.0000000000000960 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Marcus JL, Chao CR, Leyden WA, et al. Narrowing the gap in life expectancy between HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected individuals with access to care. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2016;73:39-46. [PMID: 27028501] doi:10.1097/QAI.0000000000001014 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. Edwards JK, Cole SR, Breger TL, et al. Mortality among persons entering HIV care compared with the general U.S. population. An observational study. Ann Intern Med. 2021;174:1197-1206. doi:10.7326/M21-0065 Google Scholar7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Monitoring Selected National HIV Prevention and Care Objectives by Using HIV Surveillance Data: United States and 6 Dependent Areas, 2018. HIV Surveillance Supplemental Report. 2020;25. Google Scholar8. Ssentongo P, Heilbrunn ES, Ssentongo AE, et al. Epidemiology and outcomes of COVID-19 in HIV-infected individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2021;11:6283. [PMID: 33737527] doi:10.1038/s41598-021-85359-3 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar9. Doshi RK, Milberg J, Isenberg D, et al. High rates of retention and viral suppression in the US HIV safety net system: HIV care continuum in the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program, 2011. Clin Infect Dis. 2015;60:117-25. [PMID: 25225233] doi:10.1093/cid/ciu722 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar10. Althoff KN, Smit M, Reiss P, et al. HIV and ageing: improving quantity and quality of life. Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2016;11:527-36. [PMID: 27367780] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Weill Cornell Medicine New York, New YorkDisclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M21-2586.Corresponding Author: Marshall J. Glesby, MD, PhD, Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 East 68th Street, Box 97, New York, NY 10065; e-mail, [email protected]cornell.edu.Current Author Addresses: Dr. Glesby: Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 East 68th Street, Box 97, New York, NY 10065.Dr. Gulick: Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, Box 125, New York, NY 10065.This article was published at Annals.org on 6 July 2021. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoMortality Among Persons Entering HIV Care Compared With the General U.S. Population Jessie K. Edwards , Stephen R. Cole , Tiffany L. Breger , Jacqueline E. Rudolph , Lindsey M. Filiatreau , Kate Buchacz , Elizabeth Humes , Peter F. Rebeiro , Gypsyamber D’Souza , M. John Gill , Michael J. Silverberg , W. Christopher Mathews , Michael A. Horberg , Jennifer Thorne , H. Irene Hall , Amy Justice , Vincent C. Marconi , Viviane D. Lima , Ronald J. Bosch , Timothy R. Sterling , Keri N. Althoff , Richard D. Moore , Michael Saag , and Joseph J. Eron Metrics September 2021Volume 174, Issue 9Page: 1311-1312KeywordsAIDSCohort studiesHIVHIV epidemiologyPrevention, policy, and public health ePublished: 6 July 2021 Issue Published: September 2021 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2021 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...