tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of acute ischemia, nitroglycerin and nitroprusside on regional myocardial thickening, stress and perfusion. Experimental echocardiographic studies.
Authors: R EKerber, J BMartins, M LMarcus
Journal: Circulation (1979)

The purposes of this study were to demonstrate that echocardiography can be used to demonstrate the systolic  thinning of acutely ischemic myocardium, and to compare the effects of nitroglycerin and nitroprusside on systolic thinning,  stress and perfusion of ischemic myocardium. In 37 dogs, the ratio of end-systolic-to-end-diastolic posterior  thickness fell from 1.30 +/- 0.02 to 0.88 +/- 0.01 ((p less than 0.001) after circumflex coronary occlusion; perfusion of the area supplied by the occluded artery fell from 98.2 +/- 7.5 ml/100 g/min to 36.5 +/- 2.9 ml/100 g/min (p less than 0.001). Nitroglycerin and nitroprusside were given to lower mean arterial pressure by 7% and 15%. Despite the reduction in coronary perfusion pressure, transmural perfusion, endocardial/epicardial perfusion ratio and systolic thinning remained constant. Both drugs reduced the ischemic wall stress index (ventricular pressure x ventricular diameter/wall thickness) by almost 50%. Thus, both nitroglycerin and nitroprus...
Are asymptomatic airway hyperresponsiveness and allergy risk factors for asthma? A longitudinal study
Authors: E. Rage, V. Siroux, N. Le Moual, I. Pin, F. Kauffmann
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2008)

We report an unplanned pregnancy in an HIV-positive woman in her 20s who was undergoing treatment for 6 months with alectinib (Alecensa) for stage IV non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor alectinib, a molecule that inhibits proteins involved in tumour cell growth, is the recommended first-line treatment option in case of ALK mutation. Although the patient was informed of the need for definitive contraception, she became pregnant during the treatment with alectinib. A complete tumour response was observed at the time the pregnancy was discovered. Treatment discontinuation was proposed as the patient wanted to keep the pregnancy. Alectinib was temporarily stopped throughout the remaining pregnancy period inline with the patient’s wishes. The pregnancy was uncomplicated. She delivered a healthy female baby vaginally, with treatment being resumed after delivery. After 34 follow-up months, the patient remained in oncological remission and the child’s physical development is normal.
Absence of the Association of Blood Pressure With Age in a Remote Venezuelan Population Renews the Call for Population-Wide Interventions
Authors: Frank H. Schalkwijk, David van Bodegom
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Usefulness and limitations of thallium-201 myocardial scintigraphy in delineating location and size of prior myocardial infarction.
Authors: G SNiess, J RLogic, R ORussell, C ERackley, W JRogers
Journal: Circulation (1979)

In order to evaluate the usefulness of thallium-201 (201TI) myocardial scintigraphy in delineating the location and size of prior myocardial infarction, 32 patients were evaluated at a mean of 7 +/- 2 months after infarction with a 12-lead ECG, resting 201TI myocardial scintigram, biplane left ventriculogram and coronary angiograms. From the left ventriculogram, asynergy was quantified as percent abnormally contracting segment (% ACS), the percent of end-diastolic circumference which was either akinetic or dyskinetic. Using a computerized planimetry system, we expressed 201TI perfusion defects as a percentage of total potential thallium uptake. Of 21 patients with ECG evidence of prior transmural infarction, a 201TI defect was present in 20 (95%), and angiographic asynergy was present in all 21 (100%). The site of prior infarction by ECG agreed with the 201TI defect location in 24 of 32 patients (75%) and with site of angiographic asynergy in 23 of 32 patients (72%). Scintigraphic defects were present in ...
Artificial hearts and blood pumps in the treatment of profound heart failure.
Authors: W SPierce
Journal: Circulation (1983)

The recent clinical use of a pneumatic artificial heart at the University of Utah has focused attention on the role of blood pumps in the support of the circulation. Pneumatically powered assist pumps are now in clinical trials in patients with profound but reversible heart failure after open-heart surgery; survival rates as high as 50% in a heretofore lethal condition have been encouraging. The results of animal studies with the pneumatic artificial heart suggest that these devices are ready for clinical trials; the major application is likely to be as a bridge to cardiac transplantation. Implantable electric motor-driven assist pumps and artificial hearts are being evaluated in animals as permanent cardiac support or replacement devices; clinical use is projected to begin late in this decade. Initially, these devices will be employed in patients with end-stage cardiac disease who are not suitable candidates for cardiac transplantation or for whom donor hearts are not available. The availability of compa...
Changes in extracellular and intracellular pH in ischemic rabbit papillary muscle.
Authors: G XYan, A GKléber
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

The extracellular pH (pHo) and intracellular pH (pHi) were simultaneously measured with H(+)-sensitive microelectrodes in the rabbit papillary muscle during normal arterial perfusion and no-flow ischemia. The preparation was kept in an artificial gaseous atmosphere (N2 and CO2 during ischemia) without a surrounding fluid layer. Cylindrical muscles of small diameters (less than 1.0 mm) were selected to prevent major diffusion gradients of CO2 within the muscle cylinder during ischemia. In normal perfusion with CO2/HCO3(-)-buffered blood at PCO2 of 35 mm Hg, pHi was 7.03 +/- 0.03. During early ischemia, extracellular acidification was much more prominent than intracellular acidification. Consequently, the transmembrane pH gradient reversed (pHo less than pHi) at approximately 8 minutes. At 14 minutes of ischemia, pHo was 6.64 and pHi was 6.93. A moderate increase in PCO2 from 35 to 67 mm Hg before ischemia enhanced intracellular acidification in ischemia. Simulation of CO2 accumulation (increase of PCO2 in ...
Primary pulmonary artery sarcoma diagnosed noninvasively by two-dimensional echocardiography.
Authors: E CWright, H AWellons, R PMartin
Journal: Circulation (1983)

A 21-year-old white male was evaluated in our echocardiographic laboratory for presumed mitral valvular bacterial endocarditis. Electrocardiographic, physical, and initial two-dimensional echocardiographic findings suggested a left-to-right shunt at the atrial septal level. However, injection of contrast saline solution failed to demonstrate signs of an atrial septal defect. Continuation of the echocardiographic study led to the diagnosis of an unsuspected primary sarcoma of the pulmonary trunk, which was rapidly confirmed by computerized axial tomography. Therapeutic interventions were undertaken. This case highlights the usefulness of two-dimensional echocardiography.
Selective beta 1-adrenoceptor blockade enhances positive inotropic responses to endogenous catecholamines mediated through beta 2-adrenoceptors in human atrial myocardium.
Authors: J AHall, A JKaumann, M JBrown
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

We determined the relative contribution of beta 1- and beta 2-adrenoceptor stimulation to the positive inotropic responses of human atrial myocardium to catecholamines. (-)Norepinephrine produced stimulation predominantly through beta 1-receptors and (-)epinephrine through both beta 1- and beta 2-receptors. However, there were marked differences in the responses of tissues from patients treated with the beta 1-selective antagonist atenolol compared with non-beta-blocker-treated patients; surprisingly, beta 2-mediated responses were enhanced, and beta 1-mediated responses were unaltered. There was an enhanced responsiveness to (-)epinephrine (atenolol treated: -log M EC50, 7.57 +/- 0.07; non-beta-blocker treated: -log M EC50, 6.77 +/- 0.17; p less than 0.001), and the relative importance of beta 2-adrenoceptor stimulation was increased for both (-)norepinephrine and (-)epinephrine. In tissues from atenolol-treated patients, salbutamol, a beta 2-selective partial agonist, had an enhanced potency and a great...
Combined administration of aspirin and a specific thrombin inhibitor in man.
Authors: R JClarke, GMayo, G AFitzGerald, D JFitzgerald
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDHeparin is of limited value as an antithrombotic drug in the presence of platelet activation and residual thrombus. Greater anticoagulant activity can be achieved in vivo with more specific thrombin inhibitors. Heparin may also increase the risk of bleeding by an effect on platelets that is independent of its thrombin inhibitory activity.METHODS AND RESULTSThe pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic effects of a novel thrombin inhibitor, argatroban, were examined alone and in combination with aspirin in normal male volunteers. Argatroban induced a dose-dependent prolongation of the thrombin time and the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). aPTT had returned to its pretreatment value 1 hour after stopping the infusion of argatroban. Six male subjects received an infusion of 1 micrograms/kg/min argatroban after the administration of two doses of 162.5 mg aspirin or a matching placebo. At this dose, aspirin decreased serum thromboxane B2 by a mean of 99% and prolonged the bleeding time (230 +/...
Tackling antibiotic resistance
Authors: A. D. So, N. Gupta, O. Cars
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Concerted action is needed to provide new technologies and conserve existing drugs

The twin challenge of conserving the effectiveness of existing antibacterial drugs and developing new ones is attracting attention in policy circles. In September 2009, a conference organised under the auspices of the Swedish European Union presidency highlighted the need to provide incentives for developing new antibacterial drugs. In the linked article (doi:10.1136/bmj.c2115), Morel and Mossialos provide an inventory of incentives, prepared for that conference, to promote research and development for new treatment options.1

Last November, the summit between the EU and the United States announced a transatlantic task force on antimicrobial resistance that will tackle “appropriate therapeutic use of antimicrobial drugs in the medical and veterinary communities, prevention of both healthcare- and community-associated drug-resistant infections, and strategies for improving the pipeline of new antimicrobial drugs.”2 

In the US, the annual cost of treating resistant nosocomial infections traceable to six bacteria exceeded $1.87bn (£1.2bn; €1.4bn), greater than the yearly cost of treating influenza.3 In the EU, added costs and loss of productivity as a result of antibiotic resistance conservatively amount to €1.5bn.4 This problem is not just transatlantic, but global. Tuberculosis claims 1.8 million lives each year, and typhoid fever takes …
Overperfusion, hypoxia, and increased pressure cause only hydrostatic pulmonary edema in anesthetized sheep.
Authors: C CLandolt, M AMatthay, K HAlbertine, P JRoos, J PWiener-Kronish, N CStaub
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

Overperfusion (high pressure and flow through a restricted microvascular bed) has been suggested as the mechanism for both microembolic and high altitude pulmonary edema. In eighteen anesthetized, ventilated sheep, we measured pulmonary hemodynamics, lung lymph flow, and lymph:plasma protein concentration ratio. After a 2-hour stable baseline, we resected 65% of lung mass (right lung and left upper lobe) and gave whole blood transfusions to maintain cardiac output. During overperfusion of the left lower lobe, lymph flow increased moderately (5.8 +/- 2.3 to 7.7 +/- 3.8 ml/hr) and lymph:plasma protein concentration decreased (0.73 +/- 0.08 to 0.64 +/- 0.08). After a 2-hour stable period, we decreased inspired oxygen in 10 sheep (Pao2 = 40 +/- 3 mm Hg). With added alveolar hypoxia, pulmonary artery pressure increased modestly, but lymph flow and the lymph:plasma protein concentration ratio did not change. In eight sheep (four hypoxic, four normoxic), we raised left atrial pressure approximately 12 cm H2O for...
Anatomic validation of left ventricular mass estimates from clinical two-dimensional echocardiography: initial results.
Authors: NReichek, JHelak, TPlappert, M SSutton, K TWeber
Journal: Circulation (1983)

We performed a prospective anatomic validation study to determine the accuracy of left ventricular (LV) mass estimates from clinical two-dimensional echocardiographic (2-D echo) studies. In 21 subjects, antemortem 2-D echo LV mass determinations were compared with anatomic LV weight by postmortem chamber dissection. Major cardiac diagnoses included anatomic LV aneurysm in four, status post aneurysmectomy in one, transmural myocardial infarction in seven, congestive cardiomyopathy in five, rheumatic mitral disease in two, chronic severe mitral or aortic regurgitation in three, amyloid heart in two, and normal heart in three. Marked right-heart dilatation was present in 11 patients and LV thrombus in four. Regression equations derived in vitro for each 2-D echo instrument were used to correct LV mass estimates based on a short-axis, area-length method: uncorrected LV mass = 1.055 x k x 5/6 (AtLt - AcLc) + b, where At = total short-axis LV image area at the high papillary muscle level, Lc = endocardial LV le...
Implementation Of A Protection Protocol Against Covid-19 In A Big Endoscopy Unit. Assessment Of Its Efficacy
Authors: N Hervas, I Rodríguez Mendiluce, A Arrubla, M Gomez Alonso, L Uribarri, V Busto, I Areste, F Estremera, M Basterra, S Lopez, JJ Vila
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims To assess the efficacy of a protocol based on two different levels of protective equipment (PE) to avoid Covid 19 (C19) infections in the endoscopy unit.
Appendoscopy in patients with serrated polyposis syndrome
Authors: Rachel Hallit, Maximilien Barret, Arthur Belle, Einas Abou Ali, Marion Dhooge, Romain Coriat, Stanislas Chaussade
Journal: Gut (2021)

We read with great interest the study by McKay et al highlighting the topic of appendiceal involvement in patients with serrated polyposis syndrome (SPS).1 Considering a 68% prevalence of serrated lesions of the appendix in a series of 34 patients with SPS treated by colectomy,2 and the difficulty of ruling out an invasion of the appendiceal lumen in case of periappendiceal serrated lesions, the authors advocated prophylactic appendectomy in patients with SPS.

SPS is the most frequent polyposis syndrome, with a prevalence of 0.42% in primary screening cohorts.3 While surgery remains needed for a third of the patients at inception due to the presence of an adenocarcinoma or a lesion burden not amenable …
Degree and time sequence of hypothermic protection against experimental ischemic acute renal failure.
Authors: R AZager, D JGmur, C RBredl, M JEng
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

The purpose of this study was to assess the degree, time sequence, and biochemical correlates of hypothermic protection against ischemic acute renal failure. Rats subjected to 40 minutes of bilateral renal artery occlusion (RAO) were made mildly hypothermic (32 degrees-33 degrees C, by cold saline peritoneal lavage) during the following time periods: 1) RAO only, 2) reperfusion only (beginning at 0, 15, 30, or 60 minutes after RAO and maintained for 45 minutes), or 3) during and after (0-45 minutes) RAO. Continuously normothermic (37 degrees C) RAO rats served as controls. The control rats developed severe acute renal failure (blood urea nitrogen [BUN], 95 +/- 4 mg/dl; creatinine, 2.2 +/- 0.1 mg/dl; and extensive tubular necrosis at 24 hours). Hypothermia confined to RAO was highly protective (BUN, 33 +/- 5 mg/dl; creatinine, 0.62 +/- 0.07 mg/dl; and minimal necrosis). Hypothermia partially preserved ischemic renal adenylate high-energy phosphate (ATP and ADP), increased AMP and inosine monophosphate conc...
Conjoined thoracopagus twins.
Authors: W DEdwards, D RHagel, JThompson, C MWhorton, J EEdwards
Journal: Circulation (1977)

A case of vaginally delivered stillborn female thoracopagus conjoined twins is presented. Each twin had a cleft lip and cleft palate. They shared a common pericardial sac and a common abdominal cavity. The liver was conjoined, and the small bowel was common to both twins. One twin was asplenic. Although the twins were monozygotic, their viscera were neither identical nor mirror-image to each other, and the visceral anomalies were unique to each twin. The hearts were fused, and communications existed between the circulations at the atrial and ventricular levels. One twin had single atrium, solitary (right) ventricle, malposed great arteries, pulmonary valvular atresia and infundibular stenosis, right aortic arch with aberrant left subclavian artery and with left ductus arteriosus, and atresia of the common pulmonary vein. The other twin had two atrial septal defects of the fossa ovalis and sinus venosus types, partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection, persistent left superior vena cava to coronary sin...
TCTAP A-052 History of Severe Hypoglycemia in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Unmasked Significant Atherosclerotic Coronary Artery Disease: A Matched Case-control Study
Authors: Mohd Asyiq Al-Fard bin Mohd Raffali, Shawal Faizal Mohamad, Patrick W.J. Tiau, Diyana Farouk, Hamat Hamdi Che Hassan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
The capillary and sarcolemmal barriers in the heart. An exploration of labeled water permeability.
Authors: C PRose, C AGoresky, G GBach
Journal: Circulation Research (1977)

Although the exchange of labeled water between blood and tissue in the heart has usually been assumed to be flow-limited, the outflow patterns of labeled water, relative to intravascular references, in a multiple indicator dilution experiment, have appeared to be anomalous in terms of the models used to explain the transport of less permeable substances. Data showing a change in the shape of the labeled water outflow curve after vasodilation and after the infusion of toxic doses of 2,4-dinitrophenol led us to propose a new model for labeled water permeation which includes barriers at both the capillary wall and the sarcolemmal membrane. This model explains adequately the form of the outflow curve, provides parameters related to the permeability at the two barriers, and gives an estimate of the ratio of the intracellular to interstitial space. Dinitrophenol infused intra-arterially in a dose sufficient to cause S-T elevation in the electrocardiogram is found to reduce the sarcolemmal water permeability by ...
Efficacy of an automated external defibrillator in the management of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: validation of the diagnostic algorithm and initial clinical experience in a rural environment.
Authors: K RStults, D DBrown, R EKerber
Journal: Circulation (1986)

Automatic external defibrillators (AEDs) may have advantages over manual defibrillation in managing prehospital cardiac arrest, particularly in rural communities. We conducted a two-part evaluation of a commercially available AED. We first established the diagnostic accuracy of the AED's rhythm recognition algorithm by challenging it with 205 cardiac arrest rhythms previously recorded from actual patients in the field. The AED demonstrated 100% specificity and 92% sensitivity for ventricular fibrillation (VF) in this nonclinical setting. We then compared the clinical efficacy of AEDs in 18 small communities (study group) with that of manual defibrillation in 18 additional communities (control group) of similar size. Ambulance technicians using manual defibrillators correctly diagnosed VF more frequently than the AEDs (98% vs 83%; p less than .025). Specificity for VF was similar in the two groups (100% for AEDs vs 94% for technicians; p greater than .10). AEDs were able to deliver shocks more quickly than...
142P EGFR-TKI plus radiotherapy versus EGFR-TKI only in non-small cell lung cancer patients with brain metastasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: A. Tancherla, F. Wijovi, T.I. Hariyanto, A. Kurniawan, A. Giselvania
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Erythropoietin in kidney disease and type 2 diabetes.
Authors: Peter Schnuelle, Urs Benck, Bernhard K Krämer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

n engl j med 364;4 nejm.org january 27, 2011 384 1. Hopkinson NS, Kemp SV, Toma TP, et al. Atelectasis and survival after bronchoscopic lung volume reduction for COPD. Eur Respir J 2010 October 14 (Epub ahead of print). 2. Martinez FJ, Han MK, Andrei A, Wise R, Murray S. Longitudinal change in the BODE index predicts mortality in severe emphysema. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2008;178:491-9. 3. Naunheim KS, Wood DE, Krasna MJ, et al. Predictors of operative mortality and cardiopulmonary morbidity in the National Emphysema Treatment Trial. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006; 131:43-53.
Exercise-induced reduction in myocardial infarct size after coronary artery occlusion in the rat.
Authors: C LMcElroy, S AGissen, M CFishbein
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Chronic exercise (E) has been thought to be beneficial to the cardiovascular system by increasing energy production and utilization, improving myocardial contractility and increasing myocardial vascularity; whether or not any of these effects are beneficial to ischemic myocardium is uncertain. In this study, rats were forced to swim one hr/day, 5 days/wk for 5 weeks. They were sacrificed and the myocardial capillary bed was perfused with carbon black. Using a calibrated eyepiece grid, histologic sections of heart were examined to determine capillary/fiber ratios (C/F) and myocardial fiber diameter. C/F was increased by 30% in E rats [0.87 +/- 0.06 (mean +/- SE) (N = 4 rats)] when compared with sedentary controls (C) [0.67 +/- 0.04 (N = 4 rats), P is less than 0.05]. This training effect occurred in the absence of hypertrophy since there were no differences in ventricular weight (1.21 +/- 0.04 mg in E rats vs 1.16 +/- 0.03 mg in C rats) or in fiber diameter (13.0 +/- 0.2 mu in E rats vs 13.1 +/- 0.2 mu in ...
右冠動脈と左冠動脈の間のステント血栓症の臨床的特徴の比較-REAL-ST登録のサブ分析-
Authors: Watanabe Yusuke, Sakakura Kenichi, Fujita Hideo, Ohya Masanobu, Horie Kazunori, Yamanaka Futoshi, Nakazawa Gaku, Otake Hiromasa, Shiomi Hiroki, Natsuaki Masahiro, Ando Kenji, Kadota Kazushige, Saito Shigeru, Kimura Takeshi, Kuramitsu Shoichi
Journal: Circulation (2020)