tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
From Womb to Neighborhood: A Racial Analysis of Social Determinants of Psychosis in the United States
Authors: Deidre M. Anglin, Sabrina Ereshefsky, Mallory J. Klaunig, Miranda A. Bridgwater, Tara A. Niendam, Lauren M. Ellman, Jordan DeVylder, Griffin Thayer, Khalima Bolden, Christie W. Musket, Rebecca E. Grattan, Sarah Hope Lincoln, Jason Schiffman, Emily Lipner, Peter Bachman, Cheryl M. Corcoran, Natália B. Mota, Els van der Ven
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2021)

The authors examine U.S.-based evidence that connects characteristics of the social environment with outcomes across the psychosis continuum, from psychotic experiences to schizophrenia. The notion that inequitable social and economic systems of society significantly influence psychosis risk through proxies, such as racial minority and immigrant statuses, has been studied more extensively in European countries. While there are existing international reviews of social determinants of psychosis, none to the authors' knowledge focus on factors in the U.S. context specifically-an omission that leaves domestic treatment development and prevention efforts incomplete and underinformed. In this review, the authors first describe how a legacy of structural racism in the United States has shaped the social gradient, highlighting consequential racial inequities in environmental conditions. The authors offer a hypothesized model linking structural racism with psychosis risk through interwoven intermediary factors based on existing theoretical models and a review of the literature. Neighborhood factors, cumulative trauma and stress, and prenatal and perinatal complications were three key areas selected for review because they reflect social and environmental conditions that may affect psychosis risk through a common pathway shaped by structural racism. The authors describe evidence showing that Black and Latino people in the United States suffer disproportionately from risk factors within these three key areas, in large part as a result of racial discrimination and social disadvantage. This broad focus on individual and community factors is intended to provide a consolidated space to review this growing body of research and to guide continued inquiries into social determinants of psychosis in U.S. contexts.
IMPACT OF CLOPIDOGREL VERSUS TICAGRELOR ON CORONARY MICROVASCULAR FUNCTION AND PERIPHERAL ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION AFTER NON-ST ELEVATION ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME: A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED STUDY
Authors: James Xu, Sidney Lo, Christian Mussap, John French, Rohan Rajaratnam, Krishna Kadappu, Upul Premawardhana, Phong Nguyen, Craig Juergens, Dominic Leung
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Abstract 10720: Pain at the Puncture Site and Back Pain in Patients Undergoing Electrophysiology Procedures With Venous Access Site Closure Utilizing Vascular Closure Device vs Manual Compression
Authors: Sanghamitra Mohanty, Chintan G Trivedi, Amin Al-Ahmad, Rodney P Horton, Domenico G Della Rocca, Carola Gianni, Bryan MacDonald, Ugur Canpolat, Luigi Di Biase, Andrea Natale
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: Manual compression (MC), widely used to achieve venous access-site hemostasis, needs sustained pressure over the site and prolonged immobilization that could lead to pain at the punctur...
SUCCESS OF LEAD EXTRACTION USING MANUFACTURER RECOMMENDED SHEATH SIZE - PREDICTING WHEN TO UPSIZE FROM THE START
Authors: Satish Misra, Kamala Swayampakala, Tricia Coons, Magdalena Lesiczka, Angello Guifarro, John Holshouser, Rohit Mehta
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
CHARACTERICS OF HISPANIC, NON HISPANIC WHITE AND NON-HISPANIC BLACK PATIENTS SCREENED AND HOSPITALIZED FOR COVID-19 IN CHICAGO, USA
Authors: Setri Fugar, Jeanne Du-Fay-de-Lavallaz, Joanne Michelle Gomez, Rupa Sanghani, Neelum Aggarwal, Tisha Suboc, Rami Doukky, Annabelle Volgman, Kim Williams, Brian Clark
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
RESOLVINS IN WOMEN WITH CORONARY MICROVASCULAR DYSFUNCTION - RESULTS FROM THE WOMEN'S ISCHEMIA TRIAL TO REDUCE EVENTS IN NON-OBSTRUCTIVE CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE (WARRIOR) TRIAL (NCT03417388)
Authors: Ellen Keeley, Han Li, Christopher Cogle, Eileen Handberg, C. Noel Bairey Merz, Carl Pepine
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
HIGH-RISK PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION AND PATIENTS IN POST MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION CARDIOGENIC SHOCK WITH CIRCULATORY MECHANICAL SUPPORT DEVICES AND ACUTE NEUROLOGIC ADVERSE EVENTS: THE FIRST 30 DAYS MATTER
Authors: Kimberly Wilson, Bruce Bowers, Morley Herbert, Senthil Thambidorai
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
RACIAL DISPARITIES IN SHORT-TERM OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS UNDERGOING LEFT ATRIAL APPENDAGE CLOSURE USING WATCHMAN DEVICE
Authors: Omar Abdelfattah, Anas Saad, Abdelrahman Abushouk, Mohamed Gad, Toshiaki Isogai, Essa Hariri, Shashank Shekhar, Philippe Genereux, Samir Kapadia
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Therapy for Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease — New Interventions and New Questions
Authors: Adeera Levin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

Anemia, including its causes and treatments, in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been a focus of research for 40 years. Huge strides were made when erythropoietin was discovered and injectable erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) were developed, followed by the conduct of randomized, controlled clinical trials that changed clinical practice. Multiple trials in which various ESAs have been compared with placebo or with each other have tested hypotheses about the value of targeting higher hemoglobin levels in patients with CKD. Such investigations showed variable signals for benefit (e.g., a reduced need for transfusions or improved quality of life) but also . . .
Development of a condition‐specific patient‐reported outcome measure for measuring symptoms and appearance in vascular malformations: the OVAMA questionnaire
Authors: M.M. Lokhorst, S.E.R. Horbach, D.A. Young‐Afat, M.L.E. Stor, L. Haverman, P.I. Spuls, C.M.A.M. Horst
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2021)

The symptoms and appearance of vascular malformations can severely harm a patient's quality of life. The aim of treatment of vascular malformations generally is to improve condition-specific symptoms and/or appearance. Therefore, it is highly important to start testing treatment effects in clinical studies from the patient's perspective.To develop a patient-reported outcome measure for measuring symptoms and appearance in patients with vascular malformations.A first draft of the patient-reported outcome measure was based on the previously internationally developed core outcome set. The qualitative part of this study involved interviews with 14 patients, which led to a second draft. The second draft was field tested cross-sectionally, after which groups of items were evaluated for adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha > 0·7) to form composite scores. Construct validity was evaluated by testing 13 predefined hypotheses on known-group differences.The patient interviews ensured adequate content validity and resulted in a general symptom scale with six items, a head and neck symptom scale with eight items, and an appearance scale with nine items. Cronbach's alpha was adequate for two composite scores: a general symptom score (0·88) and an appearance score (0·85). Ten out of 13 hypotheses on known-group differences were confirmed, confirming adequate construct validity.With the development of the OVAMA questionnaire, outcomes of patients with vascular malformations can now be evaluated from the patient's perspective. This may help improve the development of evidence-based treatments and the overall care for patients with vascular malformations.
Abstract 13572: Ambulatory Recordings of Cardiac Acoustic Biomarkers Demonstrate Early Recovery of Diastolic Function
Authors: Tsuyoshi Masuda, Ramu Perumal, Steven J Szymkiewicz
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Ambulatory management of heart failure (HF) is challenging. Cardiac acoustic biomarkers (CABs) can be recorded in ambulatory settings using a noninvasive accelerometer on the chest ke...
PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION AND CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING IN VERY ELDERLY DIABETIC PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Derek Phan, Ara Rostomian, Ming-Sum Lee, Naing Moore, Prakash Mansukhani, Vicken Aharonian, Somjot Brar, Ray Zadegan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
How do we tackle structural racism and inequality?
Authors: Fiona Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Two separate events in recent weeks have focused minds on the issue of structural racism. The first was last month’s suspension of JAMA ’s editor in chief, after widespread condemnation of a podcast that sought to press the view that structural racism in US healthcare didn’t exist.1 The second was this month’s public outcry about the Sewell report, commissioned by the UK government, which concluded that structural racism in the UK did not exist.23

If there is any doubt in people’s minds about the existence of structural racism, let alone its damaging effects on health, several recent BMJ articles should …
PERCUTANEOUS ENDOVASCULAR THROMBECTOMY AND PULMONARY ENDARTERECTOMY FOR A LARGE RIGHT ATRIAL THROMBUS AND CTEPH - A CASE REPORT
Authors: April Graham, Jelani Grant, Dana Gross, Efren Buitrago, Alfredo Rego, Laiqua Khalid, Rosario Colombo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AND OUTCOMES IN CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS WITH COVID-19: A STOP-COVID ANCILLARY
Authors: Chelsea Meloche, Tariq U. Azam, Elizabeth Anderson, Husam Shadid, Hanna Berlin, Michael Pan, Rafey Feroze, Patrick O’Hayer, Abbas Bitar, Kishan Padalia, Erinleigh Michaud, Christopher Launius, Penelope Blakely, Shruti Gupta, David E. Leaf, Salim Hayek
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Abstract MP061: Dietary Patterns and Depression in a Population with High Prevalence of Obesity: The Strong Heart Family Study.
Authors: Mihriye Mete, Nawar M Shara, Darren Calhoun, Sigal Eilat-Adar, Amanda M Fretts, Barbara V Howard
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Several studies have evaluated associations among various dietary nutrients (eg n-3 fatty acids, caffeine, magnesium) and depression in different populations. Such analyses, however, may not adequately address possible interactions among nutrients and may overlook unmeasured micronutrients. We examined the relationships among four diet patterns and depression in American Indians (AI) from the Strong Heart Family Study. Methods: Four diet patterns were extracted using factor analysis with principal component factoring method based on a sample of 3245 AI aged 14 years or older (excluding extreme calorie intakes, n=203; total var=38%). Linear Regressionmodels of the depression scale by the Center for Epidemiological Studies of Depression (CES-D) were constructed to examine the association between diet patterns and continuous CES-D measures adjusting for age, gender, BMI, waist circumference, Diabetes, education level, physical activity and Locus of Control (LOC) assessed by Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Form-B. Logistic regression models of symptoms of depression vs no depression were also run to estimate the associations of diet patterns to depression. Results: Factor 1 (in quintiles), the “less healthy” pattern, includes more fast food, snack chips, fried potatoes, prepared main dishes, sweet beverages, and animal fats. Participants who scored high on this pattern had an increase risk of depression (OR=1.09, 95%CI=1.02-1.18, p=.02). Factor 2, the “traditional AI/Southwestern” pattern consists of traditional American Indian foods common in the Southwest, as well as of meat, stew and dry beans. It is positively related to depression (OR=1.11, 95%CI=1.04-1.20, p=.002). Factor 3 resembles a healthy diet associated with fish, fruits, dark whole bread and low-fat healthier meat and dairy products. Participants who scored high on this pattern were less likely to have depression (OR=.93, 95%CI=.87-.99, p=.03). Factor 4, the “junk-food” pattern includes high amounts of coffee, tea, candy bars, sugar, syrup, animal fats, sweetened grains, doughnuts, cookies, pies, cakes, ice cream, and non-dairy creamer. Participants who scored high on this pattern were more likely to have depression (OR=1.12, 95%CI=1.05-1.20, p=.001). Depression was higher in women (OR =1.99, 95%CI=1.6-2.5, p&lt;.001) and those with abdominal obesity (in cm; OR=1.02, p=.02) and lower in those with greater physical activity (OR=.88, p=.001), increasing age (OR=.99, p=.01), and more education (OR=.89, p&lt;.001). Conclusion: A healthy eating pattern as well as greater physical activity and higher education were independently associated with lower depression, while depression was higher in those with central obesity. The results suggest that interventions aimed toward weight loss may also improve rates of depression in some populations.
TRAIL‐Armed ER Nanosomes Induce Drastically Enhanced Apoptosis in Resistant Tumor in Combination with the Antagonist of IAPs (AZD5582)
Authors: Huan Hou, Kui Su, Chaohong Huang, Qian Yuan, Shuyi Li, Jianwu Sun, Yue Lin, Zhiyun Du, Changhong Ke, Zhengqiang Yuan
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2021)

Abstract Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be engineered to deliver the TNF‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL) as an effective anticancer therapy, the clinical application is hampered by the costly manufacturing of therapeutic MSCs. Therefore, it is needed to find an alternative cell‐free therapy. In this study, TRAIL‐armed endoplasmic reticulum (ER)‐derived nanosomes (ERN‐T) are successfully prepared with an average size of 70.6 nm in diameter from TRAIL transduced MSCs. It is demonstrated that the ERN‐T is significantly more efficient for cancer cell killing than the soluble recombinant TRAIL (rTRAIL). AZD5582 is an antagonist of the inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), and its combination with ERN‐T induces strikingly enhanced apoptosis in cancerous but not normal cells. AZD5582 sensitizes resistant cancer cells to TRAIL through concomitant downregulation of IAP members like XIAP and the Bcl2 family member Mcl‐1. Intravenously infused ERN‐Ts accumulate in tumors for over 48 h indicating good tumor tropism and retention. The combination of ERN‐T and AZD5582 drastically promotes therapeutic efficacy comparing with the cotreatment by rTRAIL and AZD5582 in a subcutaneous MDA‐MB‐231 xenograft tumor model. The data thus demonstrate that ERN‐T can be a novel cell‐free alternative to TRAIL‐expressing MSC‐based anticancer therapy and its efficacy can be drastically enhanced through combination with AZD5582.
DIRECT ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS VERSUS VITAMIN K ANTAGONIST AFTER TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT IN PATIENT WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: A META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Wasawat Vutthikraivit, Pattara Rattanawong, Prapaipan Putthapiban, Pavida Pachariyanon, Genanew Bedanie, Kanak Parmar, Elias Hanna
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
The phosphatidylserine flippase β-subunit Tmem30a is essential for normal insulin maturation and secretion
Authors: Yeming Yang, Kuanxiang Sun, Wenjing Liu, Xiao Li, Wanli Tian, Ping Shuai, Xianjun Zhu
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2021)

The processing, maturation, and secretion of insulin are under precise regulation, and dysregulation causes profound defects in glucose handling, leading to diabetes. Tmem30a is the β subunit of the phosphatidylserine (PS) flippase, which maintains the membrane asymmetric distribution of PS. Tmem30a regulates cell survival and the localization of subcellular structures and is thus critical to the normal function of multiple physiological systems. Here, we show that conditional knockout of Tmem30a specifically in pancreatic islet β cells leads to obesity, hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance in mice, due to insufficient insulin release. Moreover, we reveal that Tmem30a plays an essential role in clathrin-mediated vesicle transport between the trans Golgi network (TGN) and the plasma membrane (PM), which comprises immature secretory granule (ISG) budding at the TGN. We also find that Tmem30a deficiency impairs clathrin-mediated vesicle budding and thus blocks both insulin maturation in ISGs and the transport of glucose-sensing Glut2 to the PM. Collectively, these disruptions compromise both insulin secretion and glucose sensitivity, thus contributing to impairments in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Taken together, our data demonstrate an important role of Tmem30a in insulin maturation and glucose metabolic homeostasis and suggest the importance of membrane phospholipid distribution in metabolic disorders.
INCIDENCE, PREDICTORS, AND OUTCOMES OF ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE AMONG PATIENTS HOSPITALIZED WITH TAKOTSUBO CARDIOMYOPATHY
Authors: Maxi Mayette, Temidayo Abe, Joseph IGWE, Gabrielle De Allie, Mtanis Khoury, Survrat Chandra, Titilope olanipekun, Nicolas Bakinde, Kendra Ivy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Evidence-based clinical practice guideline: Reconstruction after skin cancer resection
Authors: Andrew Chen, John G. Albertini, Jeremy S. Bordeaux, Michael W. Chen, Jonathan L. Cook, Caryn Davidson, Katelyn C. Donnelly, Irfan I. Galaria, Catherine M. Hannan, Jonathan Kantor, Daniel L. Kapp, Naomi Lawrence, Clifford W. Lober, Lauren D. Loeding, Alexander Miller, Daniel T. Ness, Rogerio I. Neves, Peter C. Revenaugh, Peter Setabutr, Sunil S. Tholpady, Travis T. Tollefson, Marta J. Van Beek, Paul R. Weiss, Murad Alam
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2021)
GENDER DISPARITIES IN THE IN-HOSPITAL OUTCOMES OF MECHANICAL CIRCULATORY SUPPORT ASSISTED CHRONIC CORONARY TOTAL OCCLUSION PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTIONS
Authors: Radhika Deshpande, Yasser Al-Khadra, Prashanth Singanallur, Basma Al-bast, Venkata Missula, Raad Al Tamimi, Manasik Abdu, Nour Albast, Abdul Moiz Hafiz, Youssef Chami, Tony DeMartini
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
18F-Fluciclovine–Avid Pulmonary Hamartoma
Authors: Sacha C. Baldeosingh, Steven P. Rowe, Stephen C. Greco, Channing J. Paller, Reema Goel
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

Abstract A 73-year-old man with history of grade group 1/Gleason 3 + 3 = 6 prostate adenocarcinoma status post prostatectomy had subsequent biochemical recurrence with serum prostate-specific antigen level of 2.4 ng/mL. He underwent an 18 F-fluciclovine PET/CT scan that demonstrated a left prostate bed recurrence and an incidental 18 F-fluciclovine–avid smooth-edged solitary lung nodule with internal fat attenuation. Such uptake of 18 F-fluciclovine in a lung hamartoma could be mistaken for prostate cancer metastasis. Given the increasing use of advanced imaging for prostate cancer, there is need for the imaging specialist to know about pitfalls and how to interpret them.
Abstract 12907: Treatment of Anomalous Left Coronary Artery From the Pulmonary Artery in a 60-year-old Patient With Primary Re-implantation
Authors: Sam Beschta, Christopher Boyd
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a rare congenital heart defect accounting for 0.26% - 0.46% of congenital anomalies. Most (85%) cases are diagnosed in the first month of life with only 18-25% of patients reaching adulthood. Patients diagnosed in adulthood typically have collaterals from the right coronary artery (RCA) which provide blood flow to the left coronary artery (LCA) system. They can present with heart failure, mitral insufficiency, arrhythmias, and/or sudden cardiac death. An otherwise healthy 60 y/o female presented to an outside hospital after a witnessed cardiac arrest when leaving the gym. Bystander CPR was started, and she received 2 shocks from an automated external defibrillator for ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) with return of spontaneous circulation and taken to the local ED. A CTPE showed no acute PE and a possible ALCAPA. She was transferred to our institution for further assessment by adult congenital cardiology. TTE was performed on arrival which showed a global cardiomyopathy with color flow in the myocardium consistent with extensive collateralization. CT coronary artery was performed which confirmed ALCAPA anatomy without significant CAD. The case was discussed with CT surgery, interventional cardiology and adult congenital cardiology. The decision was made for a right and left heart catheterization and cardiac MRI to plan for possible surgery. Angiography showed a large RCA with extensive collaterals filling the left coronary system and no significant disease. RHC showed a normal cardiac output with a large left to right shunt and moderate pulmonary hypertension. MRI showed a mild diffuse subendocardial ischemia with high viability of the entire left ventricle and a pulmonary to systemic flow ratio (Qp:Qs) of 2.1. The decision was made to go ahead with primary re-implantation of the LCA to the aorta, the preferred method. Ligation of the anomalous coronary artery and coronary artery bypass grafting can also be used. She was taken for surgery and tolerated the procedure well. Follow up echo is pending, but she has had no further VT/VF episodes. This case demonstrates successful re-implantation of an ALCAPA in a symptomatic adult.
PLATELET ENDOTHELIAL CELL ADHESION MOLECULE-1 (PECAM-1) AND NITROXIDATIVE STRESS REDUCED BY EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID (EPA) DURING CYTOKINE EXPOSURE IN ENDOTHELIAL CELLS
Authors: R. Preston Mason, Samuel C.R. Sherratt, Hazem Dawoud, Tadeusz Malinski, Deepak Bhatt
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
European regulators urged to crack down on missing clinical trial results
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Transparency campaigners have urged national medicines regulators across Europe to take action to reduce the high number of unreported clinical trials.

An open letter1 to heads of medicines agencies signed by 18 organisations (see box), sent on 6 May, highlights that over 4000 drug trials run in the European Union (almost 30%) are currently in violation of EU transparency rules, which state that results have to be made public within 12 months.

The unpublished data “creates gaps in the medical evidence base that have significant potential to harm European patients, taxpayers, and public health,” warns the letter, coordinated by campaigning organisation TranspariMED.

National regulators within EU member states are responsible for ensuring that drug companies, …
MANAGEMENT AND OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS (DM) AND STABLE ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE (SIHD): POOLED DATA FROM THE ISCHEMIA AND ISCHEMIA-CKD TRIALS
Authors: Jonathan Newman, Rebecca Anthopolos, G.B. John Mancini, Sripal Bangalore, Harmony Reynolds, Roxy Senior, Jesus Peteiro, Balram Bhargava, Pallav Garg, Jorge Escobedo, Rolf Doerr, Tomasz Mazurek, Abraham Oomman, Jose Gonzalez-Juanatey, Grzegorz Gajos, Tali Sharir, Matyas Keltai, Aldo Pietro Maggioni, Gregg Stone, Jeffrey Berger, Yves Rosenberg, William Boden, Bernard Chaitman, Judith Hochman, David Maron
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Incidence and Severity of COVID-19 in HIV-Positive Persons Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Julia del Amo, Rosa Polo, Santiago Moreno, Asunción Díaz, Esteban Martínez, José Ramón Arribas, Inma Jarrín, Miguel A. Hernán
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2020)

The incidence and severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among HIV-positive persons receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) have not been characterized in large populations.
STATINS REDUCE PLAQUE STRUCTURAL STRESS THROUGH REMODELING ARTERY GEOMETRY AND PLAQUE ARCHITECTURE
Authors: Sophie Gu, Charis Costopoulos, Yuan Huang, Christos Bourantas, Adam Woolf, Chang Sun, Zhongzhao Teng, Lorenz Raber, Habib Samady, Martin Bennett
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)