tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Early heart failure as a cause of growth and tissue disorders in children with congenital heart disease.
Authors: DBaum, RBeck, AKodama, BBrown
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Height, weight, total body fat, lean body mass, size of fat cells and total number of lipid-containing fat cells were compared in two groups of children, ages 2-6 years, with congenital heart disease. Twelve children who developed heart failure in infancy made up one group and 14 asymptomatic patients made up the other. No patient was cyanotic or had undergone surgical repair. Patients with heart failure were shorter and lighter than asymptomatic patients. Whereas both fat and lean tissues were less in the heart failure group, reduction in body fat was more important in producing underweight. Although there was no difference in the size of fat cells, the number of lipid-laden fat cells was diminished in the children who had early heart failure. Thus hypocellularity of fat cells appeared to be the major determinant of diminished body fat with heart failure. Because shortness and decreased lean tissue were associated with these adipose tissue abnormalities, it is likely that widespread changes are caused by...
Evidence for hyperplasia in mesenteric resistance vessels of spontaneously hypertensive rats using a three-dimensional disector.
Authors: M JMulvany, UBaandrup, H JGundersen
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

Cellular dimensions in mesenteric resistance vessels from 10 spontaneously hypertensive rats and 10 Wistar-Kyoto rats have been determined using a random volume with an unbiased counting rule as the counting unit (the disector). With this method, vessels first were mounted on a myograph. Media thickness (spontaneously hypertensive rats, 11.3 micron; Wistar-Kyoto rats, 8.6 micron; P less than 0.01), lumen diameter (spontaneously hypertensive rats, 178 micron; Wistar-Kyoto rats, 194 micron; P greater than 0.1), and maximum active wall tension response (spontaneously hypertensive rats, 3.2 N/m; Wistar-Kyoto rats, 2.5 N/m; P less than 0.05) were determined. After fixation, serial sections normal to the long axis of the smooth muscle cells were made. In each vessel, the disector was a defined volume of the vessel wall (volume ca. 25 X 10(3) micron3) which was contained in about eight of these sections. The number of nuclei within the disector was counted using an unbiased, three-dimensional counting rule. On t...
Effects of angiotensin II on steroid metabolism and hepatic blood flow in man.
Authors: F HMesserli, WNowaczynski, MHonda, JGenest, RBoucher, OKuchel, J MRojo-Ortega
Journal: Circulation Research (1977)

Metabolic clearance rates (MCR) of aldosterone, cortisol, 11-deoxycorticosterone (DOC), corticosterone, and progesterone were simultaneously measured by constant infusion in eight control subjects before and during angiotensin II infusion in subpressor (3 ng/min per kg) and pressor (22 ng/min per kg) doses. Plasma levels of aldosterone and cortisol, the heat-labile protein-bound fraction of aldosterone, and hepatic blood flow (HBF) (as estimated by the fractional clearance of indocyanine green) were determined concomitantly. Angiotensin II in a subpressor dose produced a significant decrease of the MCR of aldosterone (by 23%), cortisol (by 16%), DOC (by 26%), corticosterone (by 14%) and progesterone (by 33%). The pressor dose further decreased the respective MCR by 37%, 21%, 40%, 28%, and 42% of the baseline value. Plasma aldosterone levels rose by 317% with subpressor and by 434% with pressor doses. HBF decreased by 18% with subpressor and by 33% with pressor doses of angiotensin II. Furthermore, there w...
Abstract 13363: Renoprotective Effects of Empagliflozin in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Subgroup Analysis of the Embody Trial
Authors: Kosuke Mozawa, Yoshiaki Kubota, Yu Hoshika, Shuhei Tara, Yukichi Tokita, Kenji Yodogawa, Yu-ki Iwasaki, Takeshi Yamamoto, Hitoshi Takano, Yayoi Tsukada, Kuniya Asai, Masaaki Miyamoto, Yasushi Miyauchi, Eitaro Kodani, Mitsunori Maruyama, Jun Tanabe, Wataru Shimizu
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Although renoprotective effect of sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors has been recognized in the patients with heart failure or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), this protection has not been fully examined in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We therefore examined renoprotection of the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin in patients with AMI and T2DM. Methods: The EMBODY trial was a prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to identify the effect of the SGLT inhibitor on cardiac sympathetic hyperactivity in patients with AMI and T2DM in Japan. One hundred and five patients were randomized (1:1) to receive once-daily 10-mg empagliflozin, or placebo 2 weeks after the onset of AMI. In this sub-analysis, we specifically focused on the time-course of renal function on baseline, weeks 4, 12 and 24. Results: Overall, 96 patients (64±11 y, 78 male) were included in the full analysis set (n = 46 and 50 in empagliflozin and placebo groups, respectively). In the placebo group, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decreased from 66.1 at baseline to 62.8 mL/min/1.73m 2 on week 24, (P = 0.02). On the other hand, the empagliflozin group did not worsen it (from 64.6 to 64.4 mL/min/1.73m 2 , P = 0.84). The empagliflozin group exhibited the significant reduction in systolic blood pressure and uric acid level from baseline to week 24 (129.7 mmHg to 123.1 mmHg, P = 0.004, and 5.8 mg/dL to 4.9 mg/dL, P &lt; 0.0001, respectively), whereas the reduction was not significant in the placebo group (123.1 mmHg to 126.2 mmHg, P = 0.19, and 5.7 mg/dL to 5.8 mg/dL, P = 0.82, respectively). The change in eGFR from baseline to 24 weeks was negatively correlated with the changes in uric acid in the placebo group (r=0.685, P&lt;0.001), but not in the empagliflozin group. In stratified analysis among the patients with eGFR 60-90 mL/min/1.73m 2 , the empagliflozin group showed the significant increase in eGFR compared with the placebo group (+1.15 mL/min/1.73m 2 vs, - 6.43 mL/min/1.73m 2 , P=0.008), but not among the other population. Conclusions: Empagliflozin seemed to prevent the progression of renal dysfunction compared with placebo in the patients with AMI and T2DM. This tendency was remarkable when eGFR was 60-90 mL/min/1.73m 2 .
Uterine-Leiomyosarcoma With Small-Bowel Metastases: A Diagnosis Facilitated By Double-Balloon Enteroscopy (DBE)
Authors: N Lazaridis, A Murino, A Skamnelos, R Chacchi Cahuin, N Koukias, R Raymond, T Luong, EJ Despott
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

A 56-year-old woman with a history of hysterectomy for uterine leiomyosarcoma (ULMS) was referred due to a suspicious jejunal lesion identified at abdominal computed tomography.
Failure of renin suppression by angiotensin II in hypertension.
Authors: G HWilliams, N KHollenberg, T JMoore, R GDluhy, S ZBavli, H SSolomon, J HMersey
Journal: Circulation Research (1978)

Angiotensin II was infused at rates varying from 0.1 to 10 ng/kg per minute into 49 subjects with hypertension and 26 normotensive subjects and changes in blood pressure, plasma angiotensin II, and plasma renin activity (PRA) were determined after 20 and 30 minutes at each dose. Similar dose-related increases in angiotensin II and blood pressure occurred with a threshold of 1 ng/kg per minute in the normotensive and hypertensive subjects. Whereas angiotensin II induced a significant, dose-related decrement in renin activity in the normotensive subjects, with a threshold of 1.0 ng/kg per minute, no significant change in renin activity occurred in either the normal-renin or high-renin hypertensive subjects. In a separate study, nine normotensive and six hypertensive sodium-restricted subjects were given a converting enzyme inhibitor, SQ 20881, 30 microgram/kg. Despite a significantly greater fall in blood pressure (P less than 0.006) and angiotensin II concentration (P less than 0.045) in the hypertensive s...
Abstract 14286: New Drug Repurposing Opportunities for Hypertension Uncovered by the Convergence of Genomics With Kidney Transcriptomics and Epigenomics
Authors: Sushant Saluja, Xiao Jiang, Chris Finan, Sandesh Chopade, James Eales, Xiaoguang Xu, Nilesh J Samani, Fadi J Charchar, Aroon Hingorani, Maciej Tomaszewski
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Hypertension is a major cause of premature mortality. Currently, there are only 6 main pharmacological classes used in the management of hypertension and no new antihypertensive medic...
Use of aromatic hydroxylation of phenylalanine to measure production of hydroxyl radicals after myocardial ischemia in vivo. Direct evidence for a pathogenetic role of the hydroxyl radical in myocardial stunning.
Authors: J ZSun, HKaur, BHalliwell, X YLi, RBolli
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

A pathogenetic role of .OH in myocardial stunning has been inferred from the protective effects of .OH scavengers and iron chelators. However, conclusive demonstration of the .OH radical hypothesis of myocardial stunning requires direct verification of three major, but still unproven, assumptions: (1) .OH is produced in the stunned myocardium in vivo; (2) antioxidant therapy inhibits .OH production; and (3) such inhibition results in enhanced recovery of contractility (ie, .OH is necessary for the development of myocardial stunning). Since phenylalanine (Phe) reacts with .OH to form the hydroxylated products ortho-, meta-, and para-tyrosines (o-, m-, and p-tyr), we used aromatic hydroxylation of Phe to detect .OH formation in the stunned myocardium. Open-chest dogs undergoing a 15-minute coronary occlusion followed by reperfusion received an intravenous infusion of Phe (54.3 mg/kg for 11.5 minutes beginning 90 seconds before reperfusion); these animals were given either no antioxidant therapy (group I, n ...
Cytokine-stimulated human vascular smooth muscle cells synthesize a complement of enzymes required for extracellular matrix digestion.
Authors: Z SGalis, MMuszynski, G KSukhova, ESimon-Morrissey, E NUnemori, M WLark, EAmento, PLibby
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

Vascular matrix remodeling occurs during development, growth, and several pathological conditions that affect blood vessels. We investigated the capacity of human smooth muscle cells (SMCs) to express matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), enzymes that selectively digest components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), in the basal state or after stimulation with certain cytokines implicated in vascular homeostasis and pathology. Enzymatic activity associated with various proteins secreted in the culture media was detected by gelatin or casein sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis zymography. Proteins were identified by immunoprecipitation and mRNA by Northern blotting. SMCs constitutively secreted a 72-kD gelatinase and the tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) types 1 and 2. SMCs stimulated with interleukin-1 or tumor necrosis factor-alpha synthesized de novo 92-kD gelatinase, interstitial collagenase, and stromelysin. Several lines of evidence suggest that when stimulated by cytokines, SMCs pro...
Myosin phosphorylation and cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate in relaxation of arterial smooth muscle by vasodilators.
Authors: W TGerthoffer, M ATrevethick, R AMurphy
Journal: Circulation Research (1984)

Recent evidence indicates that contraction of vascular smooth muscle may be regulated by two calcium-dependent mechanisms: activation of myosin kinase, and calcium binding to a second, unknown regulatory site. This hypothesis implies that vasodilators could modify vascular tone by several mechanisms, including inactivation of myosin kinase. Since relaxation of the carotid artery following agonist removal may occur when myosin phosphorylation is at resting levels, we could determine whether dephosphorylation of myosin is necessarily involved in the molecular mechanisms mediating relaxation in response to vasodilators. The relaxant effects of adenosine, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, forskolin, sodium nitroprusside, and 8-bromo-cGMP were tested under conditions where myosin phosphorylation was at basal levels (0.08 +/- 0.02 mol Pi/mol light chain). All of these agents increased the rate of relaxation in nonsteady state experiments where relaxation was induced by stimulus washout. Steady state dose-response cu...
Effect of bepridil in patients with chronic stable angina: results of a multicenter trial.
Authors: J AHill, J TO'Brien, J SAlpert, J MGore, R MZusman, DChristensen, C ABoucher, GVetrovec, J SBorer, CFriedman
Journal: Circulation (1985)

The effects of bepridil, a calcium antagonist with a half-life of approximately 42 hr, were assessed in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial. Forty-four patients (39 men, five women) with exercise-induced angina pectoris and ST segment depression with exercise testing (modified Bruce protocol) were studied. Compared with placebo bepridil (400 mg daily) increased total exercise time, time to onset of angina, time to 1 mm of ST segment depression, time to 2 mm of ST segment depression, and total work achieved (all p less than or equal to .001). Both frequency of angina and nitroglycerin consumption decreased during the bepridil compared with the placebo period (p = .02 and .03, respectively). Minor side effects were noted during both the bepridil and placebo phases. Four patients experienced side effects that limited therapy (dizziness in three and abnormal results of liver function tests in one) and one patient died during the bepridil phase. This study suggests that bepridil, 400...
Two-dimensional echocardiographic recognition of ruptured chordae tendineae.
Authors: G SMintz, M NKotler, B LSegal, W RParry
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Real-time, phased-array, two-dimensional echocardiographic studies identified ruptured chordae tendineae in five patients: four patients had a flail mitral valve and one had flail mitral and tricuspid valves. The characteristic abnormality was a rapid systolic motion of the involved leaflet beyond the line of valve closure into the atrium. The maximal abnormal systolic motion was greatest at the tip of the leaflet with a loss of the normal coaptation point. By contrast, the two-dimensional echocardiographic feature of mitral valve prolapse is an abnormal systolic motion that is maximal in the body of the leaflet with intact leaflet coaptation. Thus, two-dimensional echocardiography can identify flail mitral and tricuspid valves and is useful in distinguishing ruptured chorade from valvular prolapse.
Variation in HIV care and treatment outcomes by facility in South Africa, 2011–2015: A cohort study
Authors: Jacob Bor, Anna Gage, Dorina Onoya, Mhairi Maskew, Yorghos Tripodis, Matthew P. Fox, Adrian Puren, Sergio Carmona, Koleka Mlisana, William MacLeod
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2021)

Background Despite widespread availability of HIV treatment, patient outcomes differ across facilities. We propose and evaluate an approach to measure quality of HIV care at health facilities in South Africa’s national HIV program using routine laboratory data. Methods and findings Data were extracted from South Africa’s National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) Corporate Data Warehouse. All CD4 counts, viral loads (VLs), and other laboratory tests used in HIV monitoring were linked, creating a validated patient identifier. We constructed longitudinal HIV care cascades for all patients in the national HIV program, excluding data from the Western Cape and very small facilities. We then estimated for each facility in each year (2011 to 2015) the following cascade measures identified a priori as reflecting quality of HIV care: median CD4 count among new patients; retention 12 months after presentation; 12-month retention among patients established in care; viral suppression; CD4 recovery; monitoring after an elevated VL. We used factor analysis to identify an underlying measure of quality of care, and we assessed the persistence of this quality measure over time. We then assessed spatiotemporal variation and facility and population predictors in a multivariable regression context. We analyzed data on 3,265 facilities with a median (IQR) annual size of 441 (189 to 988) lab-monitored HIV patients. Retention 12 months after presentation increased from 42% to 47% during the study period, and viral suppression increased from 66% to 79%, although there was substantial variability across facilities. We identified an underlying measure of quality of HIV care that correlated with all cascade measures except median CD4 count at presentation. Averaging across the 5 years of data, this quality score attained a reliability of 0.84. Quality was higher for clinics (versus hospitals), in rural (versus urban) areas, and for larger facilities. Quality was lower in high-poverty areas but was not independently associated with percent Black. Quality increased by 0.49 (95% CI 0.46 to 0.53) standard deviations from 2011 to 2015, and there was evidence of geospatial autocorrelation ( p &lt; 0.001). The study’s limitations include an inability to fully adjust for underlying patient risk, reliance on laboratory data which do not capture all relevant domains of quality, potential for errors in record linkage, and the omission of Western Cape. Conclusions We observed persistent differences in HIV care and treatment outcomes across South African facilities. Targeting low-performing facilities for additional support could reduce overall burden of disease.
Hemodynamic effects of verapamil in children and adolescents with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Authors: R LSpicer, A PRocchini, D CCrowley, JVasiliades, ARosenthal
Journal: Circulation (1983)

The acute hemodynamic effects of verapamil were evaluated in nine children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Verapamil, 0.1 mg/kg, was administered as an i.v. bolus over 2 minutes, followed by a 20-minute continuous infusion of 0.007 mg/kg/min. Hemodynamic measurements were obtained at rest in nine patients and at maximal supine bicycle exercise in seven before and 15 minutes after verapamil. At rest, verapamil increased the mean cardiac output from 3.3 +/- 0.9 to 3.7 +/- 0.9 l/min/m2 (+/- SD) (p less than 0.02) and decreased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure from 19.3 +/- 8.1 to 14.5 +/- 6.9 mm Hg (p less than 0.006). In six patients with resting left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, the systolic pressure gradient decreased from 17.5 +/- 7.2 to 5.2 +/- 4.5 mm Hg (p less than 0.04). Repeat supine bicycle exercise testing after verapamil showed increases in total work performed (1743 +/- 1284 to 3168 +/- 1643 kg-m, p less than 0.006) and maximal cardiac index during exercise (6.5 +/- 1.3 to 7.8...
Predictors of Endoscopic Treatment Failure for Peptic Pyloro-Bulbar Stenosis
Authors: A Ben Mohamed, A Nakhli, A Khsiba, S Bradai, M Mahmoudi, M Madhioub, L Hamzaoui, MM Azzouz
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Pylorobulbar stenosis is a late complication of peptic ulcer disease. Endoscopic treatment is an alternative to surgical treatment. The aim of our work was to determine the predictors of endoscopic treatment failure.
Early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction based on assay for subforms of creatine kinase-MB.
Authors: P RPuleo, P AGuadagno, RRoberts, M VScheel, A JMarian, DChurchill, M BPerryman
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Thrombolytic therapy for patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has produced the need for an accurate early diagnostic marker. We previously developed and assessed an assay for the creatine kinase (CK)-MB subforms; assay time is 25 minutes. Plasma MB2 (tissue subform) activity, MB1 (plasma-modified subform) activity, and MB2/MB1 ratio in 56 healthy individuals were 0.61 +/- 0.33 units/l, 0.63 +/- 0.33 units/l, and 0.94 +/- 0.39, respectively. Only one individual had both an MB2 activity greater than 1.0 units/l and an MB2/MB1 ratio of more than 1.5. Similar results were obtained in 50 hospitalized patients without cardiac disease; two of these patients had both an MB2 activity and an MB2/MB1 ratio greater than the cutoff values. Among 49 patients with AMI, MB2 activity and the MB2/MB1 ratio began to increase 2 hours after AMI; the ratio reached a plateau of 3.1 by 4-6 hours. The first available plasma sample was abnormal by the subform assay in 67% of patients and by a conventional MB assay in 27...
Impairment of cardiopulmonary baroreflex after cardiac transplantation in humans.
Authors: P KMohanty, M DThames, J AArrowood, J RSowers, CMcNamara, SSzentpetery
Journal: Circulation (1987)

There is ample evidence for efferent cardiac denervation in patients after cardiac transplantation. However, little is known regarding the effects of the cardiac deafferentation that also results. We examined responses to graded lower-body negative pressure and thus cardiopulmonary baroreceptor unloading in 23 patients 3 to 12 months after cardiac transplantation and compared their responses with those of nine normal subjects. Responses of mean arterial pressure, forearm vascular resistance, and plasma norepinephrine were assessed during lower-body negative pressure and the cold pressor test. Reflex increases in forearm vascular resistance (1.5 +/- 1, 5.0 +/- 1.4, and 6.4 +/- 2.1 vs 14.5 +/- 4.5, 20.3 +/- 6.5, and 34 +/- 11 units) and plasma norepinephrine (42 +/- 12, 58 +/- 15, and 62 +/- 13 vs 49 +/- 14, 94 +/- 25, and 173 +/- 36 pg/ml) during lower-body negative pressure (at -10, -20, and -40 mm Hg) were strikingly smaller in cardiac transplant patients than in normal subjects. The impaired responses o...
Noninvasive evaluation of ventricular hypertrophy in professional athletes.
Authors: W RRoeske, R AO'Rourke, AKlein, GLeopold, J SKarliner
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Athletes often exhibit ECG findings which are considered to be abnormal. Therefore, we used noninvasive graphic methods to study 42 active professional male basketball players, ranging in age from 21 to 31 years, without clinically evident heart disease. Of the 42, 11 (25%) met the Romhilt-Estes ECG voltage criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy, and 12 (29%) satisfied VCG criteria for left ventricular enlargement; nine (21%) had left ventricular hypertrophy by both methods. In 33 subjects (79%) the 0.04 sec vector in the horizontal plane was anterior, and 29 of these exhibited one or more standard criteria for right ventricular enlargement; the ECG and VCG were concordant for right ventricular hypertrophy in 16 subjects (38%). Submaximal treadmill exercise tests (Bruce protocol) were normal in eight athletes, while in one subject ventricular premature beats occurred during the test. In 24 of 25 athletes (96%) from whom phonocardiograms were obtained a third heart sound was recorded, while in 14 (56%),...
SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell immunity in COVID-19 convalescent patients and unexposed controls measured by ex vivo ELISpot assay
Authors: Irene Cassaniti, Elena Percivalle, Federica Bergami, Antonio Piralla, Giuditta Comolli, Raffaele Bruno, Marco Vecchia, Margherita Sambo, Marta Colaneri, Valentina Zuccaro, Marco Benazzo, Carlo Robotti, Anna Calastri, Eugenia Maiorano, Alessandro Ferrari, Giuseppe Cambiè, Fausto Baldanti
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2021)
Autologous CD33-CAR-T cells for treatment of relapsed/refractory acute myelogenous leukemia
Authors: Francesco Paolo Tambaro, Harjeet Singh, Emily Jones, Michael Rytting, Kris M. Mahadeo, Philip Thompson, Naval Daver, Courtney DiNardo, Tapan Kadia, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Tim Chan, Rutul R. Shah, William G. Wierda
Journal: Leukemia (2021)