tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
85P Real-world analysis of treatment patterns and efficacy of durvalumab maintenance after chemoradiotherapy in NSCLC patients
Authors: J. Taugner, L. Käsmann, C. Eze, A. Rühle, A. Tufman, N. Reinmuth, T.H-G-F. Duell, C. Belka, F. Manapov
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Recurrent myocardial infarction in a young man due to coronary arterial spasm demonstrated at autopsy.
Authors: N REl-Maraghi, B JSealey
Journal: Circulation (1980)

A case is presented, believed to be the first reported, describing recurrent myocardial infarction in an athletic 25-year-old man due to coronary arterial spasm, which was demonstrated at autopsy. A previous angiogram performed during life, after the first myocardial infarction, showed normal coronary arteries. The findings in this case are discussed with a review of the current knowledge pertaining to coronary arterial spasm.
Effect of infarct location on the in-hospital prognosis of patients with first transmural myocardial infarction.
Authors: SThanavaro, R EKleiger, M AProvince, J WHubert, J PMiller, R JKrone, G COliver
Journal: Circulation (1982)

We studied the in-hospital prognosis of 1105 patients who had their first transmural myocardial infarction; 611 patients (55.3%) had anterior myocardial infarction (AMI) and 494 (44.7%) had inferior myocardial infarction (IMI). Patients with IMI had a significantly lower in-hospital mortality rate (9.1% vs 15.6%, p = 0.0014) and significantly lower prevalences of congestive heart failure (39.4% vs 47.6%, p = 0.0066), cardiogenic shock ( 8.7% vs 12.6%, p = 0.0384) and conduction defects (left anterior hemiblock, right bundle branch block and intraventricular conduction defect). The patients with AMI had significantly higher peak enzyme levels, and a greater percentage of them (40.1% vs 25.9%) had SGOT greater than 240 IU/l, whereas more patients with IMI (34.6% vs 27.8%) had SGOT less than 120 IU/l (p = 0.0001). When the parallel subgroups were compared according to the peak SGOT levels (less than 120, 120-240, and greater than 240 IU/l, the differences in the mortality and morbidity between the two infarc...
Response to: Can ultrasound of the major salivary glands assess histopathological changes induced by treatment with rituximab in primary Sjögren’s syndrome?
Authors: Benjamin A Fisher, Paul Emery, Costantino Pitzalis, Michele Bombardieri, Simon J Bowman
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2018)

We thank Mossel and colleagues for their interest in our work.1 2 They raise a number of limitations that we acknowledge and have discussed. In addition, we agree that an understanding of the pathology underlying the abnormal salivary gland ultrasound findings in Sjogren’s syndrome is an important objective to help establish the validity of this tool as a potential outcome measure in clinical trials. As both we and Mossel and colleagues discuss, we did not observe a difference in hypoechoic areas between rituximab and placebo. Similar hypoechoic areas can be observed in long-standing postradiotherapy salivary glands where inflammatory cell infiltrate is variable and of a differing pattern.3–5 Furthermore, the pattern of hypoechoic areas on ultrasound in Sjogren’s syndrome is reminiscent of sialography findings which are characterised by contrast-defined changes …
Mycoplasma pneumonia with fulminant evolution into diffuse interstitial fibrosis
Authors: G. Domenighetti, C. Perret
Journal: Thorax (1980)

by Lipson andStephenson,6 where the effusion was confined to the pericardium, all patients with pericardial effusions had simultaneous pleural effusions.Although pericardial tamponade is rare it should be considered as an explanation of otherwise un- explained deterioration in a patient with acute pancreatitis.
Effect of development on coronary vasodilator reserve in the isolated guinea pig heart.
Authors: B SToma, R DWangler, D FDeWitt, H VSparks
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

Morphological studies have demonstrated an age-related decrease in capillary density and capillary surface area in the developing heart. However, the consequences of these changes on myocardial perfusion are not known. We tested the hypothesis that the decreased capillary density is associated with a reduction in coronary blood flow reserve. To test this hypothesis, we studied coronary responses to adenosine and sodium nitroprusside administration, reactive hyperemia, and autoregulatory capacity. We used a Langendorff-perfused heart preparation from guinea pigs of five different age groups (1 week and 1, 2, 12, and 18 months). Data are expressed as mean +/- SEM. Maximal coronary flows (ml/min per g) in response to adenosine (10(-6) to 10(-5) M) infusion are: 27 +/- 1.3, 18.5 +/- 1.4, 12.2 +/- 0.4, 10.3 +/- 0.3, and 10.6 +/- 0.8 at 1 week, 1, 2, 12, and 18 months, respectively, with the flows at 1 week and 1 month significantly higher than those at 2, 12, and 18 months. There is a similar trend for a decre...
Concerns Regarding Phase 1b Clinical Trial of Atezolizumab Plus nab-Paclitaxel for Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Juanjuan Li, Qi Wu, Long Wu
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2019)

To the Editor In the study by Adams et al,1 the results of a phase 1b clinical trial with a 2-year-follow-up revealed that atezolizumab plus nab-paclitaxel was clinically safe and tolerable in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. However, we have some concerns.
Progestogens do not affect aortic accumulation of cholesterol in ovariectomized cholesterol-fed rabbits.
Authors: JHaarbo, O LSvendsen, CChristiansen
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

Cardiovascular disease is a major killer in postmenopausal women in the industrialized societies. To investigate the effect of progestogen and 17 beta-estradiol replacement therapy on atherogenesis, we studied 60 cholesterol-fed ovariectomized rabbits for 13 weeks. They were randomly assigned to four groups of 15 rabbits each and received oral treatment with norethisterone acetate, levonorgestrel, 17 beta-estradiol, or placebo. The active treatment groups achieved serum hormone concentrations, which produced physiological effects on the uterus. No significant differences in serum total cholesterol or ultracentrifuged lipoproteins (very low density, intermediate density, low density, or high density lipoproteins) were found between the four groups during the experimental period. There were no significant differences between the progestogen and placebo groups in the aortic accumulation of cholesterol. The estradiol group had only accumulated about half the aortic cholesterol as compared with the placebo gro...
Inhibition of kinin formation by a kallikrein inhibitor during extracorporeal circulation in open-heart surgery.
Authors: HNagaoka, MKatori
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Involvement of the kinin system was studied in 58 patients during extracorporeal circulation in open heart surgery. At the onset of extracorporeal circulation, there was no increase of free kinin in blood and no reduction of plasma kininogen, when the latter was expressed as mug bradykinin/mg plasma protein. With the lapse of time, kinin in the blood increased significantly, and decrease of kininogen was also significant. The longer the circulation time, the greater the consumption of kininogen. The site of the kinin formation was presumed to be the heart-lung machine since the level of kinin increased slightly and kininogen decreased gradually in the blood leaving the machine, compared with those levels entering the machine. The difference in kininogen was significantly different from zero at termination of extracorporeal circulation. Administration of a kallikrein-trypsin inhibitor, trasylol (A. G. Bayer), infused into the heart-lung machine, prevented the decrease of kininogen. Reduction of the total p...
Induction of HSP70 in cultured rat neonatal cardiomyocytes by hypoxia and metabolic stress.
Authors: KIwaki, S HChi, W HDillmann, RMestril
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDA cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocyte model is used to investigate the expression of the inducible heat shock protein 70 (HSP70i) during hypoxia/reoxygenation and metabolic stress.METHODS AND RESULTSThe major HSP70i is increased in its expression at the mRNA and protein level in myocytes exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation and metabolic stress by the addition of 2-deoxyglucose and sodium cyanide, which are inhibitors known to block ATP production. Surprisingly, the appearance of HSP70 mRNA precedes the intracellular ATP depletion caused by hypoxia, which is contrary to what we observe when the cardiomyocytes are subjected to metabolic stress.CONCLUSIONSIt has been postulated recently that the decrease in intracellular ATP content in cells under stress may be the trigger that leads to the induction of HSP70i by reducing the pool of free HSP70, thus activating the stress response. Our results indicate that although this may be the case during metabolic stress, another route of activation must be used...
Extensive myocardial fiber disarray in aortic and pulmonary atresia. Relevance to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Authors: B HBulkley, BD'Amico, A LTaylor
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Myocardial fiber disarray is a distinctive histopathologic finding seen in asymmetric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. We studied 14 hearts with aortic atresia and intact interventricular septum, six hearts with pulmonic atresia and intact interventricular septum, eight normal infant hearts matched for age of the study hearts, and one nonadult heart with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and asymmetric hypertrophy and quantitatively analyzed tissue sections through both ventricles and the septum. Normal hearts had an average overall fiber disarray of 8.7% (range 3.8-17%) of the left ventricle including septum. Hearts with pulmonary atresia had an overall disarray of 70.4% (range 13-97%) of the entire right ventricle, and those with aortic atresia 62.1% (range 26-97%) of the left ventricle. The one infant heart with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy showed 15.5% disorder of the left ventricular free wall, 75% disorder of the septum and 47% overall myocardial fiber disarray. Thus, while quantitative criterion distinguished...
Gap junctional conductance in ventricular myocyte pairs isolated from postischemic rabbit myocardium.
Authors: R SKieval, J FSpear, E NMoore
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

Abnormalities of myocardial gap junction-mediated cell coupling have been implicated in cardiac arrhythmogenesis. The potential role of gap junctional dysfunction in the generation of reperfusion-induced arrhythmias is uncertain. The purpose of this study was to measure the effects of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion on gap junctional conductance (gj) between isolated ventricular myocytes. By using a new experimental model, myocyte pairs were isolated from Langendorff-perfused rabbit hearts 1) after 30 minutes of global normothermic ischemia followed by 30 minutes of reperfusion, 2) after 75 minutes of control perfusion, or 3) immediately after removal of the heart. Myocytes and myocyte pairs were studied using whole-cell recording techniques. Action potential characteristics of cells in all three groups were normal. Despite similar mean gj in all three groups (0.88 +/- 0.27, 1.15 +/- 0.18, and 1.24 +/- 0.25 microS, respectively; p greater than 0.05), the postischemic group was more widely distributed ...
Assessment of prosthetic heart valve function by Doppler echocardiography. A decade of experience.
Authors: A JLabovitz
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Since the first report of the application of Doppler echocardiography in the evaluation of prosthetic heart valves 10 years ago, dozens of studies have reaffirmed the usefulness of this technique in the noninvasive assessment of transvalvular hemodynamics. Most of these studies have established  values for Doppler-determined pressure gradients and valve areas of prosthetic mitral and aortic valves. Although these studies have established the  range, they have all emphasized the individual variability in clinically normal functioning valves. Most of these studies have confirmed the extraordinary sensitivity and specificity of Doppler in detecting prosthetic valve dysfunction. The study by Burstow et al further emphasizes the excellent correlation obtained with simultaneous Doppler and catheter transvalvular pressure gradient measurements. The addition of both color flow Doppler techniques and transesophageal echocardiography can only serve to enhance the clinical diagnostic accuracy of this...
Animal models for protecting ischemic myocardium: results of the NHLBI Cooperative Study. Comparison of unconscious and conscious dog models.
Authors: K AReimer, R BJennings, F RCobb, R HMurdock, J CGreenfield, L CBecker, B HBulkley, G MHutchins, R PSchwartz, K RBailey
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

The Animal Models for Protecting Ischemic Myocardium Study was undertaken for the purpose of developing reproducible animal models that could be used to assess interventions designed to limit infarct size. This paper describes the results obtained in an unconscious dog model and in a conscious dog model, developed in three participating laboratories. The unconscious dog model, involving reperfusion after 3 hours of ischemia in open-chest dogs, was intended to determine whether therapy followed by early reperfusion would limit infarct size more than reperfusion alone. The conscious dog model used chronically instrumented dogs and permanent coronary occlusion to better mimic myocardial infarction in man. In both models, the proximal circumflex artery was occluded, and the primary experimental endpoint was infarct size, as measured by histological techniques 3 days after the initial occlusion. Infarct size was analyzed in relation to baseline variables including the anatomic area at risk, collateral blood fl...
Immunohistochemical demonstration of human cardiac innervation before and after transplantation.
Authors: JWharton, J MPolak, LGordon, N RBanner, D RSpringall, MRose, AKhagani, JWallwork, M HYacoub
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

Knowledge about the distribution and origins of peptide-containing nerves in the innervated and transplanted heart is lacking. Immunohistochemical and histochemical techniques were used to visualize human cardiac innervation before and after transplantation. In the recipient heart cardiac nerve fibers and fascicles displayed immunoreactivity for general neural (protein gene product 9.5 and synaptophysin) and Schwann cell markers (S-100). A major proportion of cardiac nerves displayed neuropeptide tyrosine and tyrosine hydroxylase immunofluorescence staining. Subpopulations of nerves contained somatostatin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, calcitonin gene-related peptide, substance P- or neurokinin-like immunoreactivity, and acetylcholinesterase activity. Tissues from cardiac allografts (5 weeks to 63 months after transplantation) contained nerves and ganglion cells that were acetylcholinesterase positive and immunoreactive for the general neural markers. These nerves were less numerous than in recipient...
Multifunctional Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase mediates Ca(2+)-induced enhancement of the L-type Ca2+ current in rabbit ventricular myocytes.
Authors: M EAnderson, A PBraun, HSchulman, B APremack
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

The intracellular mechanism underlying the Ca(2+)-induced enhancement of the L-type Ca2+ current (ICa) was examined in adult rabbit cardiac ventricular myocytes by using patch-clamp methodology. Internal Ca2+ was elevated by flash photolysis of the Ca2+ chelator Nitr 5, and intracellular Ca2+ levels were simultaneously monitored by Fluo 3 fluorescence. Flash photolysis of Nitr 5 produced a rapid (< 1-second) elevation of internal Ca2+, which led to enhancement (39% to 51% above control) of the peak inward Ca2+ current after a delay of 20 to 120 seconds. Internal dialysis of myocytes with synthetic inhibitory peptides derived from the pseudosubstrate (peptide 273-302) and calmodulin binding (peptide 291-317) regions within the regulatory domain of multifunctional Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaM kinase) blocked enhancement of ICa produced by elevation of internal Ca2+ but not that produced by beta-adrenergic stimulation. These inhibitory peptides also had no effect on the elevation of internal...
Congenital heart block in newborns of mothers with connective tissue disease.
Authors: C MMcCue, M EMantakas, J BTingelstad, SRuddy
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Of 22 children with congenital complete heart block (CCHB) available for study, 14 (63.6%) were born to 11 mothers with clinical or laboratory evidence of connective tissue disease, primarily lupus erythematosus (LE). Seven mothers had both clinical and laboratory evidence of disease while four had only positive laboratory studies including fluorescent antinuclear antibody, rheumatoid factor, and depressed complement levels. In adults with systemic LE, pathologic changes in the collagen surrounding the conduction system have led to the fibrosis and death from heart block. Antinuclear antibodies of the IgG class cross the placental barrier and newborn infants have been reported with transient skin lesions of lupus. Placental transmission of such antibodies may affect the fetal cardiac conduction system, surrounding collagen, and myocardium, leading in some cases to CCHB. This is probably one important etiologic factor in CCHB even though the mother is asymptomatic during her pregnancy.
Measurement of regional elastic properties of the human aorta. A new application of transesophageal echocardiography with automated border detection and calibrated subclavian pulse tracings.
Authors: R MLang, B PCholley, CKorcarz, R HMarcus, S GShroff
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDEvaluation of regional aortic elastic properties in humans has been hampered by the need for invasive techniques to access instantaneous aortic pressure, wall thickness, and cross-sectional area or diameter. In this study, a new noninvasive method is presented for quantification of regional aortic elastic properties.METHODS AND RESULTSTwenty-five patients were studied during transesophageal echocardiographic procedures. Measurements of instantaneous aortic cross-sectional area were obtained with an automated border detection algorithm applied to short-axis transesophageal two-dimensional echocardiographic images of the proximal descending thoracic aorta. Instantaneous aortic wall thickness was derived from combined two-dimensional targeted M-mode end-diastolic wall thickness and instantaneous aortic area measurements. Instantaneous aortic pressures were estimated from calibrated subclavian pulse tracings recorded simultaneously. Data were digitized to generate aortic area-pressure loops. Regiona...
Long Term Complete Response in Metastatic Poorly-Differentiated Neuroendocrine Rectal Carcinoma With Multimodal Approach: A Case Report
Authors: G de Nucci, S della Torre, ED Mandelli, R Bollina, G Manes
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Neuroendocrine gastrointestinal tumors (NETs) are rare and they have different natural behavior. Surgery is the gold standard treatment in local disease while radiotherapy has been demonstrated inefficacy. Poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) represent only 5–10 % among digestive NETS. Due to aggressive growth and rapid metastatic diffusion, early diagnosis and multidisciplinary approach are mandatory. The role of surgery and radiotherapy in this setting is still debated, chemotherapy approach instead remains the treatment of choice.
Left ventricular and coronary angiographic anatomy. Relationship to ventricular irritability in the late hospital phase of acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: R ASchulze, J OHumphries, L SGriffith, HDucci, SAchuff, M GBaird, E DMellits, BPitt
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Late hospital phase ventricular arrhythmias in acute myocardial infarction (MI) have been associated with a high incidence of sudden death following hospital discharge. Thirty-eight patients were studied 10-24 days following onset of symptoms of MI. Each patient had a 24-hour ambulatory ECG tape recording and left ventricular and coronary angiography performed. Patients with complicated ventricular arrhythmias (multiform, coupled, R on T VPCs or ventricular tachycardia), when compared to those with uncomplicated ventricular arrhythmias (unifocal or no VPCs), had a greater number of proximally narrowed major coronary arteries (P less than 0.001), a higher coronary score (P less than 0.001), a greater incidence of previous myocardial infarction (P less than 0.005), a greater percentage of abnormal left ventricular segments 86% vs 69% (P less than 0.001) and lower ejection fractions. These data suggest that late hospital phase survivors of MI with complicated ventricular arrhythmias have more extensive cor...
Preoperative risk evaluation and stratification of long-term survival after valve replacement for aortic stenosis. Reasons for earlier operative intervention.
Authors: OLund
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Predictability of prognosis was analyzed in 630 patients who were alive 30 days after valve replacement (1965-1986) for aortic stenosis. Follow-up totaled 4,072 patient-years. During the operative periods of 1965-1971 (n = 62), 1972-1976 (n = 164), 1977-1981 (n = 158), and 1982-1986 (n = 246), decreases in cardiothoracic index (0.56 +/- 0.06, 0.53 +/- 0.06, 0.52 +/- 0.06, and 0.51 +/- 0.06; p less than 0.0001), in the prevalence of functional classes III and IV (87%, 76%, 68%, and 62%; p less than 0.0001), and of left ventricular (50%, 39%, 36%, and 30%; p less than 0.05) were accompanied by improved survival (5 year/10 year +/- SE: 73 +/- 6%/53 +/- 6%, 82 +/- 3%/65 +/- 4%, 89 +/- 3%/79 +/- 4%, and 87 +/- 3%/-; p = 0.002) despite increasing age (56 +/- 9, 57 +/- 11, 59 +/- 10, and 61 +/- 11 years; p less than 0.01). A Cox regression analysis identified peak-to-peak systolic gradient (p = 0.0001; inversely related to death rate), cardiothoracic index (p = 0.0003), left ventricular failure (p = 0.0005), pro...
Magnetic resonance imaging of cardiac transplants: the evaluation of rejection of cardiac allografts with and without immunosuppression.
Authors: TAherne, DTscholakoff, WFinkbeiner, USechtem, NDerugin, EYee, C BHiggins
Journal: Circulation (1986)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in vivo for the characterization of tissue changes associated with acute myocardial rejection after cardiac transplantation. Of 15 dogs that underwent heterotopic cardiac transplantation, six served as untreated controls, and nine received immunosuppressive therapy (25 mg/kg/day cyclosporine, 1 mg/kg/day prednisone). Serial electrocardiographically gated MRI (spin-echo technique) and histologic examinations of allograft biopsy samples were performed for each dog at 2 to 3, 7 to 10, 14 to 17, and 26 to 29 days after transplantation and immediately after animals were killed. Untreated allografts showed a significant increase (p less than .01) in T2 (spin-spin) relaxation time (T2 = 66 +/- 8 msec) and intensity values compared with values in the native hearts (T2 = 44 +/- 6 msec) as early as 1 week after transplantation. The significant difference in T2 values could be observed in vivo as well as on postmortem examina...