tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mammographic Parenchymal Features and Breast Cancer in the Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project
Authors: None Brisson
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

In the article Mammographic Parenchymal Features and Breast Cancer in the Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project by Brisson et al. published in Vol. 80, No. 19, December 7, 1988, the title of Table 2 should read “Cumulative mortality (CM) from breast cancer ….” The first sentence of the last paragraph (page 1539) should read “…suggests that morphologic characteristics of breast tissue at a relatively young age are more closely related to the development of breast cancer than they are at older ages.”
Natural history of left ventricular size and function after acute myocardial infarction. Assessment and prediction by echocardiographic endocardial surface mapping.
Authors: M HPicard, G TWilkins, P ARay, A EWeyman
Journal: Circulation (1990)

To investigate the natural history of regional dyssynergy and left ventricular size after myocardial infarction, 57 patients with a first Q wave myocardial infarction (18 anterior, 35 inferior, and four apical by echocardiography) were studied by two-dimensional echocardiography and compared with 30 control patients. Measurements from the echocardiograms were used to construct maps of the left ventricular endocardial surface from which the endocardial surface area index (ESAi) and the percent of the endocardial surface area involved by abnormal wall motion (%AWM) were calculated. The maps from entry and 3-month echocardiograms were used to classify patients based on changes in ESAi and abnormal wall motion. Two subgroups of patients were identified at entry--those with a normal ESAi (group 1, n = 50) and those with an increased ESAi (group 2, n = 7). Group 1 patients was subdivided at 3 months by changes occurring in ESAi (1A, 5% increase [n = 19]; 1B, no change [n = 23]; 1C, 5% decrease [n = 8]). The inc...
Alterations of skeletal muscle in chronic heart failure.
Authors: HDrexler, URiede, TMünzel, HKönig, EFunke, HJust
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDThe present study was designed to define the prevalence and characteristics of skeletal muscle alterations in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and their relation to exercise capacity.METHODS AND RESULTSThe ultrastructure of skeletal muscle was analyzed by ultrastructural morphometry in 57 patients with CHF and 18 healthy controls. The volume density of mitochondria (Vvm) and the surface density (Svmc) of mitochondrial cristae were evaluated as a structural correlate of oxidative capacity of skeletal muscle. Vvm and Svmc were reduced by approximately 20% in patients with severe CHF irrespective of age and etiology. The cytochrome oxidase activity in mitochondria as determined by cytochemistry and subsequent morphometry in a subset of patients (n = 10) was significantly decreased in heart failure (p less than 0.01). The capillary length density of skeletal muscle was reduced in CHF (n = 12, p less than 0.05), and the fiber type distribution was shifted to type II fibers (n = 15, p less th...
Effects of spontaneous respiration on canine left ventricular function.
Authors: W RSummer, SPermutt, KSagawa, A AShoukas, BBromberger-Barnea
Journal: Circulation Research (1979)

The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanism of the decrease in left ventricular stroke volume during spontaneous inspiration. We determined the transmural pressures of the left heart by measuring left atrial and diastolic left ventricular pressures relative to esophageal pressure. We estimated the directional changes in end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes of the left ventricle by determining the transit time of sound transmission between two ultrasonic crystals facing each other across the minor axis of the left ventricle. Left ventricular stroke volume decreased with spontaneous inspiratory effort as pleural pressure fell, regardless of whether lung volume increased or remained constant. The stroke volume was decreased during the fall in pleural pressure because of an increase in end-systolic volume with an essentially unchanged diastolic volume. Thus, the decrease in stroke volume was due to a decrease in ejection, rather than a decrease in filling of the left ventricle. We believe that ...
Urinary kallikrein in rats bred for their susceptibility and resistance to the hypertensive effect of salt. A new radioimmunoassay for its direct determination.
Authors: O ACarretero, V MAmin, TOcholik, A GScicli, JKoch
Journal: Circulation Research (1978)

Urinary kallikrein was measured in rats bred to be susceptible (S) or resistant (R) to the hypertensive effect of salt. To determine kallikrein, three different methods were used: (1) a new direct radioimmunoassay (RIA) for the enzymic protein: (2) a method based on the capability of kallikrein, when incubated with kininogen, to generate kinins which were then measured by RIA (kininogenase activity); and (3) a method based on the capability of kallikrein to break the ester bond of p-tosyl-L-arginine methyl ester (HCl (TAMe). A significant correlation ( r = 0.90) was found between the direct RIA and the kininogenase method. It was found that urinary kallikrein was significantly decreased in the S as compared to the R rats by the use of these three methods. Urinary kallikrein in the S rats was much lower when measured by the kininogenase method than by direct RIA or esterolytic assay. This difference could be due to excretion of pre-kallikrein and/or kallikrein bound to an inhibitor (inactive kallikrein). I...
Influence of cardiopulmonary vagal afferent activity on carotid chemoreceptor and baroreceptor reflexes in the dog.
Authors: HKoike, A LMark, D DHeistad, P GSchmid
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

The goal of this study was to determine if physiological levels of cardiopulmonary vagal afferent activity modulate carotid chemoreceptor and baroreceptor reflexes. In anesthetized, ventilated dogs, the aortic nerves and the cervical sympathetic trunks were cut, and atropine was administered so that vagotomy would interrupt only cardiopulmonary afferent impulses. Reflex vascular responses were observed in perfused gracilis muscle and hindpaw. Carotid chemoreceptors were activated with nicotine or hypoxic, hypercapnic blood; carotid baroreceptors were stimulated by changes in carotid pressure. Interruption of vaga afferents augmented reflex vascular responses during changes incarotid pressure from 75 to 125 mm Hg. Interruption of cardiopulmonary vagal afferents potentiated reflex vasoconstrictor (muscle), vasodilator (paw), and vasopressor responses to activation of the carotid chemoreceptors. The potentiation of the chemoreceptor reflex frequently occurred in the absence of increases in base-line vascular...
It's Over, Debbie
Authors: Diane Davis
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —What is more unethical, to let this young woman live in misery or to relieve her suffering?<sup>1</sup> You have to put yourself in this young woman's place and realize what she was going through before you can judge this physician for his actions. I am a 23-year-old legal secretary and I watched my mother die of lung cancer. It was a horrible death and not one that I would like to endure myself. Cancer patients who are terminally ill endure much pain and suffering. I feel very strongly that if such a patient wants to end her life by being injected with morphine or any other drug that will end her pain, then she should have that right. No one should have the right to make someone suffer.
Reactogenicity Following Receipt of mRNA-Based COVID-19 Vaccines
Authors: Johanna Chapin-Bardales, Julianne Gee, Tanya Myers
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Kimberly G. Blumenthal, MD, MSc; Lacey B. Robinson, MD, MPH; Carlos A. Camargo Jr, MD, DrPH; Erica S. Shenoy, MD, PhD; Aleena Banerji, MD; Adam B. Landman, MD; Paige Wickner, MD, MPH
Myocardial infarct size and location in relation to the coronary vascular bed at risk in man.
Authors: J TLee, R EIdeker, K AReimer
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Recent infarcts were compared with the anatomic boundaries of the involved vascular bed in human hearts to determine the amount and location of necrosis in relation to the myocardium at risk. The coronary arteries were injected with BaSO4 in 18 human hearts with 3-16-day-old infarcts. Thin (3-4 mm) slices were cut at 10-15 mm intervals, photographed, x-rayed and used for histologic analysis. Infarct outlines were traced from gross photographs using histologic confirmation of infarct boundaries, and the vascular bed was independently traced from the x-rays. Ischemic bed size and infarct size were then calculated by computerized planimetry. Infarct size ranged from 13-72% of the left ventricle (mean 30 +/- 3.6%) and was linearly related to the size of the occluded vascular bed (r = 0.93). However, the infarcts were always smaller than the occluded beds. They involved 50-88% of the ischemic bed (mean 69 +/- 3.0%) due to variation in the transmural extent of necrosis. A lateral zone of viable muscle within th...
Practical Deep Learning Tool For Scoring Of Ulcerative Colitis Disease Activity In Central Reading
Authors: MF Byrne, JE East, M Iacucci, SP Travis, R Kalapala, NR Duvvur, H Rughwani, AP Singh, R Monsurate, F Soudan, G Laage, ED Cremonese, L Canaran, L St-Denis, S Nikfal, J Asselin, ML Henkel, N Parsa, R Panaccione
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims To create software with a graphic user interface(GUI)to reduce the time to review&score a UC video & improve the accuracy of scoring.
Full Thickness Resection of Colorectal Lesions. Promising Results From an Observational Study in a Spanish Tertiary Center
Authors: A Martinez Barco, Garcia J Santiago, D De Frutos Rosa, Lois C González, A Herreros de Tejada
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Endoscopic full thickness resection (EFTR) with Full thickness resection device (FTRD) allows endoscopic removal of difficult-to-resect colorectal lesions with a simultaneous closure of the wall, minimizing the risk of perforation and allowing “en bloc” resection. In this prospective observational study we aim to analyse the efficacy and safety of EFTR with FTRD in a large tertiary Spanish center.
Pathogenesis of edema in constrictive pericarditis. Studies of body water and sodium, renal function, hemodynamics, and plasma hormones before and after pericardiectomy.
Authors: I SAnand, RFerrari, G SKalra, P LWahi, P APoole-Wilson, P CHarris
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDThe pathogenesis of sodium and water accumulation in chronic constrictive pericarditis is not well understood and may differ from that in patients with chronic congestive heart failure due to myocardial disease. This study was undertaken to investigate some of the mechanisms.METHODS AND RESULTSUsing standard techniques, the hemodynamics, water and electrolyte spaces, renal function, and plasma concentrations of hormones were measured in 16 patients with untreated constrictive pericarditis and were measured again in eight patients after pericardiectomy. The average hemodynamic measurements were as follows: cardiac output, 1.98 l/min/m2; right atrial pressure, 22.9 mm Hg; pulmonary wedge pressure, 24.2 mm Hg; and mean pulmonary artery pressure 30.2 mm Hg. The systemic and pulmonary vascular resistances (36.3 +/- 2.5 and 3.2 +/- 0.3 mm Hg.min.m2/l, respectively) were increased. Significant increases occurred in total body water (36%), extracellular volume (81%), plasma volume (53%), and exchangeabl...
Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Efficacy of Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir in Children With Chronic HCV: Part 2 of the DORA Study
Authors: Maureen M. Jonas, Susan Rhee, Deirdre A. Kelly, Antonio Del Valle‐Segarra, Cornelia Feiterna‐Sperling, Susan Gilmour, Regino P. Gonzalez‐Peralta, Loreto Hierro, Daniel H. Leung, Simon C. Ling, Yuri Lobzin, Steven Lobritto, Tatsuki Mizuochi, Michael R. Narkewicz, Vishakha Sabharwal, Jessica Wen, Hoi Kei Lon, John Marcinak, Andrew Topp, Rakesh Tripathi, Etienne Sokal
Journal: Hepatology (2021)

Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) has shown high efficacy and safety in chronic HCV-infected adults and adolescents; data in children were limited. DORA part 2 is a phase 2/3, nonrandomized, open-label study evaluating the pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of a pediatric formulation of GLE and PIB in children ages 3 to < 12 years.Children with chronic HCV infection, genotype 1-6, with or without compensated cirrhosis, were divided into three cohorts by age-cohort 2 (9 to < 12 years), cohort 3 (6 to < 9 years), and cohort 4 (3 to < 6 years)-and given weight-based doses of GLE and PIB for 8, 12, or 16 weeks. Primary endpoints were sustained virologic response at posttreatment week 12 (SVR12) and steady-state exposure; secondary endpoints were rates of persistent viremia, relapse, and reinfection. Safety and laboratory abnormalities were assessed. Final pediatric dosages determined to be efficacious were 250 mg GLE + 100 mg PIB (in children weighing ≥ 30 to < 45 kg), 200 mg GLE + 80 mg PIB (≥ 20 to < 30 kg), and 150 mg GLE + 60 mg PIB (12 to < 20 kg). Of 80 participants enrolled and dosed, 96% (77/80) achieved SVR12. One participant, on the initial dose ratio, relapsed by posttreatment week 4; no participants had virologic failures on the final dose ratio of GLE 50 mg/PIB 20 mg. Two nonresponders prematurely discontinued the study. Most adverse events (AEs) were mild; no drug-related serious AEs occurred. Pharmacokinetic exposures were comparable to those of adults.A pediatric formulation of GLE/PIB was highly efficacious and well tolerated in chronic HCV-infected children 3 to < 12 years old.
Percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty in patients with severe aortic stenosis and low ejection fraction. Immediate results and 1-year follow-up.
Authors: JBerland, ACribier, TSavin, ELefebvre, RKoning, BLetac
Journal: Circulation (1989)

The efficacy, morbidity, and 1-year follow-up of balloon aortic valvuloplasty in patients with low ejection fraction (less than 40%) were studied on a consecutive series of 55 patients (mean age, 77 years) treated from September 1985 to February 1987. Because of their age (20 patients greater than 80 years old), poor left ventricular function, and associated diseases, 45 patients were definitely not surgical candidates. Balloon dilatation with 15-23-mm diameter balloon catheters decreased the transvalvular gradient from 66 +/- 24 to 28 +/- 14 mm Hg (p less than 0.001) and increased the valve area from 0.47 +/- 0.15 to 0.83 +/- 0.27 cm2 (p less than 0.001). Immediately after dilatation, ejection fraction mildly increased from 29 +/- 7% to 34 +/- 9% (p less than 0.001) in 38 patients who had undergone a second left ventricular angiogram after dilatation. No significant change in the degree of aortic regurgitation was found after the procedure. Three patients died in hospital (femoral arterial complications ...
Global and regional left ventricular function and tomographic radionuclide perfusion: the Western Washington Intracoronary Streptokinase In Myocardial Infarction Trial.
Authors: J LRitchie, K BDavis, D LWilliams, JCaldwell, J WKennedy
Journal: Circulation (1984)

The Western Washington Intracoronary Streptokinase In Myocardial Infarction Trial enrolled 250 patients with acute myocardial infarction. After the coronary angiographic diagnosis of thrombosis, patients were randomly assigned to receive either conventional therapy with heparin or intracoronary streptokinase followed by heparin. Of the 232 patients who survived at least 60 days, 207 (89%) underwent radionuclide ventriculographic determination of global and regional ejection fraction at a single institution at 62 +/- 35 days after infarction. In the first 100 patients, infarct size was also determined by quantitative single-photon emission tomographic imaging with thallium-201 (201Tl) and expressed as a percentage of the left ventricle with a perfusion defect. Overall, global ejection fraction did not differ between patients treated with streptokinase (45.9 +/- 13.9%; n = 115) and control patients (46.1 +/- 14.4%; n = 92, p = NS). Similarly, the regional posterolateral, inferior, and anteroseptal ejection ...
Reduced unloaded sarcomere shortening velocity and a shift to a slower myosin isoform in acute murine coxsackievirus myocarditis.
Authors: B BHamrell, S AHuber, K OLeslie
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

We developed a mouse myocardial preparation to study cellular dysfunction in acute coxsackievirus myocarditis. Thin right ventricular papillary muscles from normal mice (n = 8) were compared with muscles from mice 7 days after coxsackievirus infection (n = 7). Sarcomere shortening was studied with laser diffraction (HeNe, lambda = 623.8 nm). A servomotor was used to shorten a muscle until slack early in isometric contraction. Unloaded sarcomere shortening velocity (Vo) was measured at the start of zero force at slack length. Vo was independent of the extent of slack release and was the same as that estimated with an isotonic force-sarcomere shortening velocity relation. Resting muscle stiffness was calculated from shortening perturbations in resting muscles. The histology of some papillary muscles (normal, n = 4; infected, n = 3) was studied. There was no ventricular hypertrophy. Resting sarcomere length (SL) in infected preparations (2.11 +/- 0.07 micron) (mean +/- 1 SD) was the same as in normal prepara...
Diastolic bulging of the interventricular septum toward the left ventricle. An echocardiographic manifestation of negative interventricular pressure gradient between left and right ventricles during diastole.
Authors: HTanaka, CTei, SNakao, MTahara, SSakurai, TKashima, TKanehisa
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Diastolic bulging of the interventricular septum (IVS) toward the left ventricle was observed by real-time cross-sectional echocardiography in three patients with primary pulmonary hypertension and one patient with secondary pulmonary hypertension after closure of an atrial septal defect. M-mode echocardiography showed a characteristic abnormal pattern of septal motion in diastole and in systole. In two patients, we attempted to correlate M-mode motion to the interventricular pressure gradient. During diastole, the interventricular pressure gradient between the left and right ventricles was negative and the pressure gradient curve was very similar to the M-mode echogram of the IVS. Banding studies in which acute right ventricular hypertension was produced in dogs showed similar shape changes, suggesting that the diastolic shape and motion of the septum are determined by the interventricular pressure gradient between the ventricles. Diastolic bulging of the IVS toward the left ventricle in our patients res...
Beta-adrenergic receptor-G protein-adenylate cyclase complex in experimental canine congestive heart failure produced by rapid ventricular pacing.
Authors: K PMarzo, M JFrey, J RWilson, B TLiang, D RManning, VLanoce, P BMolinoff
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Changes in the beta-adrenergic receptor-G protein-adenylate cyclase complex were investigated in an experimental canine model of low-output heart failure produced by chronic rapid ventricular pacing. The contractile response occurring after exposure to the beta-adrenergic agonist dobutamine, measured as peak left ventricular + dP/dt, was decreased after 3 weeks of pacing. To further characterize the diminished functional responsiveness to beta-adrenergic receptor stimulation, beta-adrenergic receptor-adenylate cyclase coupling was investigated using membranes prepared from both control and paced animals. The density of beta-adrenergic receptors was decreased by 40% with a selective downregulation of the beta 1-subtype. The affinity of the receptor for the antagonist radioligand [125I]iodocyanopindolol remained unchanged. A defect in coupling was suggested by a decreased ability of isoproterenol, fluoride, and forskolin to stimulate adenylate cyclase in membranes prepared from failing hearts. Determination...
Effect of protein intake on regional vascular resistance and reactivity to angiotensin II in the rat.
Authors: B MMurray
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

Male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g) were fed low protein (6%) diets (LP rats), high protein (50%) diets (HP rats), or regular rat chow (approximately 16% protein) (control rats) and studied under anesthesia after 2 weeks. Dietary protein intake did not affect mean arterial pressure, but renal blood flow was increased in the HP rats and decreased in the LP rats compared with the control rats. Mesenteric blood flow was not significantly different in the three diet groups. Captopril (10 mg.kg-1 i.v.) had no effect on renal vascular resistance in the HP rat but did reduce the elevated renal vascular resistance seen in the LP rat. Meclofenamate (5 mg.kg-1 i.v.) did not significantly affect renal hemodynamics in either HP or LP rats. Finally, the HP rat exhibited resistance to the systemic pressor, renal, and mesenteric vasoconstrictor effects of angiotensin II. Captopril restored the systemic pressor and the mesenteric vasoconstrictor response but not the renal vasoconstrictor response to angiotensin II. Mecl...
Late exercise test results from a prospective randomized study of bypass surgery for stable angina.
Authors: G APantely, F EKloster, C DMorris
Journal: Circulation (1983)

A prospective randomized study comparing coronary bypass surgery (group 1, 51 patients) to drug therapy (group 2, 49 patients) was initiated in 1981. Supine graded exercise testing (SGXT) was performed initially, at 6 months, and annually with a bicycle ergometer. The presence or absence of ischemic ST segment changes (positive or negative SGXT) and chest pain were recorded. Initially, 63% of all patients had positive SGXT. For group 2, the frequency of positive SGXT results did not change significantly at 6 months (58%) or at 5 years (52%). At 6 months the number of patients without chest pain increased in group 1 compared with group 2 (28/41 vs 13/41, respectively; p less than .002), but there was no difference in the frequency of positive SGXT results (20/41 vs 24/41, respectively; p = NS). This occurred because a majority of the group 1 patients with positive SGXT no longer had associated chest pain (group 1, 11/20, group 2, 3/24; p less than .007). This response was associated with incomplete revascu...
Long-term patency of the ductus arteriosus after balloon dilatation: an experimental study.
Authors: GLund, JRysavy, ACragg, ESalomonowitz, ZVlodaver, W CZuniga, KAmplatz
Journal: Circulation (1984)

Balloon dilatation of the ductus arteriosus was carried out in vivo in eight piglets that were 12 to 16 days old. The ductus was functionally closed in all animals before dilatation. Long-term patency for periods of up to 6 months after the procedure was demonstrated in six animals by angiography, Doppler ultrasound examination, and at autopsy. The presence of hemodynamically significant shunts was indicated by clinical development of heart failure, pulmonary infections, and left ventricular hypertrophy. These results confirm the value of this laboratory preparation to create left-to-right shunts at the ductus level.