tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Diffusion MRI is an early biomarker of overall survival benefit in IDH wild-type recurrent glioblastoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Akifumi Hagiwara, Talia C Oughourlian, Nicholas S Cho, Jacob Schlossman, Chencai Wang, Jingwen Yao, Catalina Raymond, Richard Everson, Kunal Patel, Sergey Mareninov, Fausto J Rodriguez, Noriko Salamon, Whitney B Pope, Phioanh L Nghiemphu, Linda M Liau, Robert M Prins, Timothy F Cloughesy, Benjamin M Ellingson
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2021)

Abstract Background Diffusion MRI estimates of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) have been shown to be useful in predicting treatment response in patients with glioblastoma (GBM), with ADC elevations indicating tumor cell death. We aimed to investigate whether the ADC values measured before and after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and the changes in these ADC values could predict overall survival (OS) in patients with recurrent IDH wild-type GBM. Methods Forty-four patients who met the following inclusion criteria were included in this retrospective study: (i) diagnosed with recurrent IDH wild-type GBM and treated with either pembrolizumab or nivolumab and (ii) availability of diffusion data on pre- and post-ICI MRI. Tumor volume and the median relative ADC (rADC) with respect to the normal-appearing white matter within the enhancing tumor were calculated. Results Median OS among all patients was 8.1 months (range, 1.0–22.5 months). Log-rank test revealed that higher post-treatment rADC was associated with a significantly longer OS (median, 10.3 months for rADC ≥ 1.63 versus 6.1 months for rADC &amp;lt; 1.63; P = .02), whereas tumor volume, pretreatment rADC, and changes in rADC after treatment were not significantly associated with OS. Cox regression analysis revealed that post-treatment rADC significantly influenced OS (P = .02, univariate analysis), even after controlling for age and sex (P =.01, multivariate analysis), and additionally controlling for surgery after ICI treatment (P = .045, multivariate analysis). Conclusions Elevated post-treatment rADC may be an early imaging biomarker for OS benefits in GBM patients receiving ICI treatment.
A Prospective Cohort Study of Novel Markers of Hepatitis B Virus Replication in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Coinfection
Authors: Raymond T. Chung, Wendy C. King, Marc G. Ghany, Mauricio Lisker-Melman, Amanda S. Hinerman, Mandana Khalili, Mark Sulkowski, Mamta K. Jain, Eun-Young K. Choi, Michael A. Nalesnik, Atul K. Bhan, Gavin Cloherty, David K. Wong, Richard K. Sterling
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2021)
Prognostic Value of Circulating Tumor Cell Characteristics May Be Biased by Their Quantity
Authors: Manouk K. Bos, Jaco Kraan, Stefan Sleijfer, John W. M. Martens, Nick Beije
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

The prognostic value of circulating tumor cell (CTC) enumeration in patients with metastatic castrationresistant prostate cancer has been widely established. 1In addition, molecular characteristics of CTCs, such as the androgen receptor (AR) status or variant AR expression, may yield additional prognostic and predictive information.Therefore, Sperger et al 2 have recently made an important effort to characterize CTCs from different prostate cancer cohorts.Sperger et al 3 characterized CTCs after EpCAM-based enrichment by the VERSA device.Two distinct clusters were identified, on the basis of differential expression of prostate-specific antigen (PSA/KLK3), prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA/FOLH1), TMPRSS2, KLK2, NKX3-1, and AR splice variants AR_V7 and AR_V9.Patients in cluster 2, exhibiting increased expression of AR-related genes, had a significantly worse overall survival than patients in cluster 1, in whom the expression of AR-related genes was lower (hazard ratio 5 3.45; 95% CI, 1.91 to 6.21).As a result, the authors concluded that this CTC expression profile can serve as an independent prognostic marker beyond AR_V7 in patients with metastatic prostate cancer and that this profile could also be used to identify the emerging resistance mechanisms to AR signaling inhibitors.However, we feel that it is questionable whether the differential gene expression between these clusters is truly on the basis of distinct AR regulation profiles in CTCs.
Prediction across healthcare settings: a case study in predicting emergency department disposition
Authors: Yuval Barak-Corren, Pradip Chaudhari, Jessica Perniciaro, Mark Waltzman, Andrew M. Fine, Ben Y. Reis
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2021)

Several approaches exist today for developing predictive models across multiple clinical sites, yet there is a lack of comparative data on their performance, especially within the context of EHR-based prediction models. We set out to provide a framework for prediction across healthcare settings. As a case study, we examined an ED disposition prediction model across three geographically and demographically diverse sites. We conducted a 1-year retrospective study, including all visits in which the outcome was either discharge-to-home or hospitalization. Four modeling approaches were compared: a ready-made model trained at one site and validated at other sites, a centralized uniform model incorporating data from all sites, multiple site-specific models, and a hybrid approach of a ready-made model re-calibrated using site-specific data. Predictions were performed using XGBoost. The study included 288,962 visits with an overall admission rate of 16.8% (7.9-26.9%). Some risk factors for admission were prominent across all sites (e.g., high-acuity triage emergency severity index score, high prior admissions rate), while others were prominent at only some sites (multiple lab tests ordered at the pediatric sites, early use of ECG at the adult site). The XGBoost model achieved its best performance using the uniform and site-specific approaches (AUC = 0.9-0.93), followed by the calibrated-model approach (AUC = 0.87-0.92), and the ready-made approach (AUC = 0.62-0.85). Our results show that site-specific customization is a key driver of predictive model performance.
Erratum to: Prognostic validation and clinical implications of the EANO ESMO classification of leptomeningeal metastasis from solid tumors
Authors: Emilie Le Rhun, Patrick Devos, Johannes Weller, Katharina Seystahl, Francesca Mo, Anette Compter, Anna S Berghoff, Joost L M Jongen, Fabian Wolpert, Roberta Rudà, Dieta Brandsma, Martin van den Bent, Matthias Preusser, Ulrich Herrlinger, Michael Weller
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2021)
AhR Modulating Agent for the Topical Therapy of Plaque Psoriasis
Authors: Thomas Bieber
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

Treatment of psoriasis is guided mainly by the severity of disease as measured by the Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) and by subjective evaluation as assessed with patient-reported outcome scales. Systemic therapy is used in patients with moderate-to-severe disease and in those with joint involvement (psoriatic arthritis).1 Progress in understanding the pathophysiology of psoriasis led to the development of an impressive number of systemic therapies, including small molecules (e.g., the phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor apremilast) for oral administration and more than a dozen biologic agents targeting cytokines or their receptors. In contrast, treatments for mild-to-moderate psoriasis have been limited to historically . . .
Grit and Burnout in the Physician Workforce
Authors: Thomas Osinski, Trevor C. Hunt, Jeanne H. O’Brien
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
U2AF1 Mutations Enhance Stress Granule Response in Myeloid Malignancies
Authors: Giulia Biancon, Poorval Joshi, Joshua T Zimmer, Torben Hunck, Yimeng Gao, Mark D Lessard, Edward Courchaine, Andrew ES Barentine, Martin Machyna, Valentina Botti, Ashley Qin, Rana Gbyli, Amisha Patel, Yuanbin Song, Lea Kiefer, Gabriella Viero, Nils Neuenkirchen, Haifan Lin, Joerg Bewersdorf, Matthew D Simon, Karla M Neugebauer, Toma Tebaldi, Stephanie Halene
Journal: Blood (2021)
Trends in and Characteristics of Drug Overdose Deaths Involving Illicitly Manufactured Fentanyls — United States, 2019–2020
Authors: Julie O’Donnell, Lauren J. Tanz, R. Matt Gladden, Nicole L. Davis, Jessica Bitting
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2021)

During May 2020-April 2021, the estimated number of drug overdose deaths in the United States exceeded 100,000 over a 12-month period for the first time, with 64.0% of deaths involving synthetic opioids other than methadone (mainly illicitly manufactured fentanyls [IMFs], which include both fentanyl and illicit fentanyl analogs).* Introduced primarily as adulterants in or replacements for white powder heroin east of the Mississippi River (1), IMFs are now widespread in white powder heroin markets, increasingly pressed into counterfeit pills resembling oxycodone, alprazolam, or other prescription drugs, and are expanding into new markets, including in the western United States† (2). This report describes trends in overdose deaths involving IMFs (IMF-involved deaths) during July 2019-December 2020 (29 states and the District of Columbia [DC]), and characteristics of IMF-involved deaths during 2020 (39 states and DC) using data from CDC's State Unintentional Drug Overdose Reporting System (SUDORS). During July 2019-December 2020, IMF-involved deaths increased sharply in midwestern (33.1%), southern (64.7%), and western (93.9%) jurisdictions participating in SUDORS. Approximately four in 10 IMF-involved deaths also involved a stimulant. Highlighting the need for timely overdose response, 56.1% of decedents had no pulse when first responders arrived. Injection drug use was the most frequently reported individual route of drug use (24.5%), but evidence of snorting, smoking, or ingestion, but not injection drug use was found among 27.1% of decedents. Adapting and expanding overdose prevention, harm reduction, and response efforts is urgently needed to address the high potency (3), and various routes of use for IMFs. Enhanced treatment for substance use disorders is also needed to address the increased risk for overdose (4) and treatment complications (5) associated with using IMFs with stimulants.
Alkaline activation of endogenous latent TGFβ1 by an injectable hydrogel directs cell homing for in situ complex tissue regeneration
Authors: Sainan Wang, Yuting Niu, Peipei Jia, Zheting Liao, Weimin Guo, Rodrigo Cotrim Chaves, Khanh-Hoa Tran-Ba, Ling He, Hanying Bai, Sam Sia, Laura J. Kaufman, Xiaoyan Wang, Yongsheng Zhou, Yanmei Dong, Jeremy J. Mao
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)

Utilization of the body's regenerative potential for tissue repair is known as in situ tissue regeneration. However, the use of exogenous growth factors requires delicate control of the dose and delivery strategies and may be accompanied by safety, efficacy and cost concerns. In this study, we developed, for the first time, a biomaterial-based strategy to activate endogenous transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) under alkaline conditions for effective in situ tissue regeneration. We demonstrated that alkaline-activated TGFβ1 from blood serum, bone marrow fluids and soaking solutions of meniscus and tooth dentin was capable of increasing cell recruitment and early differentiation, implying its broad practicability. Furthermore, we engineered an injectable hydrogel (MS-Gel) consisting of gelatin microspheres for loading strong alkaline substances and a modified gelatin matrix for hydrogel click crosslinking. In vitro models showed that alkaline MS-Gel controllably and sustainably activated endogenous TGFβ1 from tooth dentin for robust bone marrow stem cell migration. More importantly, infusion of in vivo porcine prepared root canals with alkaline MS-Gel promoted significant pulp-dentin regeneration with neurovascular stroma and mineralized tissue by endogenous proliferative cells. Therefore, this work offers a new bench-to-beside translation strategy using biomaterial-activated endogenous biomolecules to achieve in situ tissue regeneration without the need for cell or protein delivery.
PRIORITY risk model predicted critical outcomes in patients hospitalized with COVID-19
Authors: Patrick Boreskie, Eddy Lang
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2021)

Source Citation Martínez-Lacalzada M, Viteri-Noël A, Manzano L, et al. Predicting critical illness on initial diagnosis of COVID-19 based on easily-obtained clinical variables: development and validation of the PRIORITY model. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2021. [Epub ahead of print]. 34274525
Annals Consult Guys - Stress-Induced Cardiomyopathy: Redux
Authors: Geno J. Merli, Howard H. Weitz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2021)

Web ExclusivesDecember 2021Annals Consult Guys - Stress-Induced Cardiomyopathy: ReduxFREEGeno J. Merli, MD, Howard H. Weitz, MDGeno J. Merli, MDThomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (G.J.M., H.H.W.)Search for more papers by this author, Howard H. Weitz, MDThomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (G.J.M., H.H.W.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/W20-0028 CME/MOC SectionsSupplemental MaterialAboutVisual Abstract ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail This episode of Annals Consult Guys addresses what we have learned about Takotsubo cardiomyopathy since the Consult Guys last discussed this topic.For more videos from and information on Annals Consult Guys, visit go.annals.org/ConsultGuys. Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment John GaeumanOhio State Univ. College of Medicine, retired9 January 2022 Stress induced cardiomyopathy How does Takotsuko cardiomyopathy relate to a similar presentation I noted as long ago as 1975 in a middle aged female lawyer and was then called Prinzmetal angina. Author, Article and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (G.J.M., H.H.W.)Disclosures: Geno J. Merli, MD, and Howard H. Weitz, MD, report that they have no financial relationships or interests to disclose.Editors' Disclosures: Christine Laine, MD, MPH, Editor in Chief, reports that her spouse has stock options/holdings with Targeted Diagnostics and Therapeutics. Stephanie Chang, MD, MPH, Deputy Editor, reports employment with the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, travel compensation from the Guidelines International Network, and participation in the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute methodology committee. Vineet Chopra, MD, MSc, Deputy Editor, reports grants received from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and royalties from UpToDate and Oxford University Press. Deborah Cotton, MD, MPH, Deputy Editor, reports that she has no financial relationships or interests to disclose. Eliseo Guallar, MD, MPH, DrPH, Deputy Editor, Statistics, reports that he is employed at Johns Hopkins University. Christina C. Wee, MD, MPH, Deputy Editor, reports employment with Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and consultancy with Boston Medical Center. Sankey V. Williams, MD, Deputy Editor, reports that he has no financial relationships or interests to disclose. Yu-Xiao Yang, MD, MSCE, Deputy Editor, reports employment with the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, and consultancies with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the State of Colorado. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics December 2021Volume 174, Issue 12Page: CG1 ePublished: 21 December 2021 Issue Published: December 2021 CopyrightCopyright © 2021 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
High Prevalence of Unrecognized Congenital Heart Disease in School-Age Children in Rural China: A Population-Based Echocardiographic Screening Study
Authors: Quming Zhao, Hongyan Chen, Guowen Zhang, Weicheng Chen, Bing Jia, Fang Liu, Xiaojing Ma, Weili Yan, Conway Niu, Guoying Huang
Journal: Circulation (2021)
Risk of All-Cause Mortality, Cardiovascular Disease Mortality, and Cancer Mortality in Patients With Bullous Pemphigoid
Authors: Wan-Chieh Shen, Hsiu-Yin Chiang, Pei-Shan Chen, Yu-Ting Lin, Chin-Chi Kuo, Po-Yuan Wu
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2021)

The role of bullous pemphigoid (BP) in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality remains controversial, and analyses of causes of death among patients with BP based on individual data remain lacking.
Senolytic vaccination improves normal and pathological age-related phenotypes and increases lifespan in progeroid mice
Authors: Masayoshi Suda, Ippei Shimizu, Goro Katsuumi, Yohko Yoshida, Yuka Hayashi, Ryutaro Ikegami, Naomi Matsumoto, Yutaka Yoshida, Ryuta Mikawa, Akihiro Katayama, Jun Wada, Masahide Seki, Yutaka Suzuki, Atsushi Iwama, Hironori Nakagami, Ayako Nagasawa, Ryuichi Morishita, Masataka Sugimoto, Shujiro Okuda, Masanori Tsuchida, Kazuyuki Ozaki, Mayumi Nakanishi-Matsui, Tohru Minamino
Journal: Nature Aging (2021)
An activated excretion-retarded tumor imaging strategy towards metabolic organs
Authors: Da-Yong Hou, Man-Di Wang, Xing-Jie Hu, Zhi-Jia Wang, Ni-Yuan Zhang, Gan-Tian Lv, Jia-Qi Wang, Xiu-Hai Wu, Lu Wang, Hao Wang, Wanhai Xu
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)

Intraoperative fluorescence-based tumor imaging plays a crucial role in performing the oncological safe tumor resection with the advantage of differentiating tumor from normal tissues. However, the application of these fluorescence contrast agents in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was dramatically hammered as a result of lacking active targeting and poor retention time in tumor, which limited the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) and narrowed the imaging window for complicated surgery. Herein, we reported an activated excretion-retarded tumor imaging (AERTI) strategy, which could be in situ activated with MMP-2 and self-assembled on the surface of tumor cells, thereby resulting in a promoted excretion-retarded effect with an extended tumor retention time and enhanced SNR. Briefly, the AERTI strategy could selectively recognize the Integrin αvβ3. Afterwards, the AERTI strategy would be activated and in situ assembled into nanofibrillar structure after specifically cleaved by MMP-2 upregulated in a variety of human tumors. We demonstrated that the AERTI strategy was successfully accumulated at the tumor sites in the 786-O and HepG2 xenograft models. More importantly, the modified modular design strategy obviously enhanced the SNR of AERTI strategy in the imaging of orthotopic RCC and HCC. Taken together, the results presented here undoubtedly confirmed the design and advantage of this AERTI strategy for the imaging of tumors in metabolic organs.
Test Characteristics of Cross-sectional Imaging and Concordance With Endoscopy in Postoperative Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Salam P. Bachour, Ravi S. Shah, Ruishen Lyu, Takahiro Nakamura, Michael Shen, Terry Li, Bari Dane, Edward L. Barnes, Florian Rieder, Benjamin Cohen, Taha Qazi, Bret Lashner, Jean Paul Achkar, Jessica Philpott, Stefan D. Holubar, Amy L. Lightner, Miguel Regueiro, Jordan Axelrad, Mark E. Baker, Benjamin Click
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2021)
Abstract 12356: Prevalence and Patterns of Injury Detected by Head-to-Pelvis Sudden Death Computed Tomography Following Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: Aris Karatasakis, Basar Sarikaya, Linda Liu, Martin Gunn, Peter J Kudenchuk, Medley Gatewood, Michael R Sayre, Catherine Counts, David Carlbom, Rachel M Edwards, Kelley R Branch
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Introduction: Patients resuscitated from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) frequently have skeletal and visceral injuries identifiable by computed tomography, although the prevalence, types of injury, and potential effects on clinical outcomes are poorly characterized. Methods: We assessed the prevalence of resuscitation-attributable injury in a prospective, observational diagnostic utility study of a head-to-pelvis sudden death computed tomography (SDCT) protocol after successful resuscitation from OHCA. SDCT was performed within six hours of arrival at two academic medical centers. CT data were independently analyzed by two blinded radiologists. Primary outcomes included total injuries and time-critical injuries (such as organ laceration). Exploratory outcomes were clinical associations with injury and survival to discharge. Results: Among 104 patients with OHCA (mean age 56 ± 15 years, 31% female), 59% of events were witnessed and 60% had bystander CPR. Initial rhythms were pulseless electrical activity (38%), ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation (29%), and asystole/unknown (33%). Mean CPR time was 15.4 ± 10.6 minutes; mechanical chest compression systems were used in 27% of cases. The prevalence of injury was high (80%; Table), including 19 patients (18%) with time-critical findings. Compared to patients without injury, patients with injury had numerically lower BMI (24.2 ± 7.7 vs. 26.7 ± 8.0), higher use of mechanical CPR (29% vs. 19%), longer CPR time (16.1 ± 11.0 vs. 12.3 ± 8.5 min), and lower survival to discharge (40% vs. 52%), although none were significant (p= NS for all). Conclusion: In patients resuscitated from OHCA, head-to-pelvis SDCT identified injury in most patients, with nearly one in five with time-critical findings and nearly one half with extensive ribcage injuries that may affect ventilation. These data suggest that SDCT has additional diagnostic utility and treatment implications beyond evaluating causes of OHCA.
PPARα Agonist Fenofibrate Enhances Cancer Vaccine Efficacy
Authors: Arezki Chekaoui, Hildegund C.J. Ertl
Journal: Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract Reducing metabolic stress within the tumor microenvironment (TME) could be essential for improving the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Using a mouse model of melanoma, we show here that appropriately timed treatment with the PPARα agonist fenofibrate improves the ability of a T cell–inducing cancer vaccine to delay tumor progression. Fenofibrate reduced the use of glucose by tumor and stromal cells in the TME and promoted the use of fatty acids for their metabolic needs. The glucose within the TME was in turn available for use by vaccine-induced tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells, which improved their ability to slow tumor progression. Early fenofibrate treatment 3 days after vaccination improved functions of circulating CD8+ T cells but failed to significantly affect tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) metabolism or decrease tumor progression. In contrast, delaying treatment until day 5 after vaccination modified TIL metabolism and augmented the vaccine's ability to slow tumor progression. In summary, our findings reveal that a PPARα agonist can increase the efficacy of a cancer vaccine by reprogramming cells within tumors to increase fatty acid metabolism, providing T cells access to glucose in the TME. Significance: These findings suggest that metabolic manipulations using already approved drugs may offer an easy pathway to increase the efficacy of vaccines against solid tumors.