tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of pharmacologically-induced hypertension on myocardial ischemia and coronary hemodynamics in patients with fixed coronary obstruction.
Authors: H SLoeb, ASaudye, R PCroke, J VTalano, M LKlodnycky, R MGunnar
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Twenty patients with fixed coronary artery obstruction were studied during rapid atrial pacing and methoxamine infusion. During pacing to heart rates of 142 +/- 4 (mean +/- SEM) beats per minute coronary sinus flow increased from 108 +/- 8 to 187 +/- 15 cc/min and myocardial oxygen consumption increased by + 80 +/- 11%. During methoxamine infusion that raised arterial systolic pressure to 196 +/- 5 mm Hg, similar increases in coronary sinus flow (to 179 +/- 13 cc/min) and myocardial oxygen consumption (+ 77 +/- 12%) occurred. Chest pain and ischemic ST segment changes developed in 17 and 14 patients respectively during atrial pacing, an incidence significantly greater (P less than 0.05) than during infusion of methoxamine (6 and 3 patients). Myocardial lactate extraction which averaged 26 +/- 4% during control was decreased to 10 +/- 8% during pacing and to 24 +/- 7% during methoxamine; the difference between decreases was not significant. The data show that at similar increases in myocardial oxygen consu...
Diastolic vibration of the interventricular septum in aortic insufficiency.
Authors: G DCope, J AKisslo, M LJohnson, SMyers
Journal: Circulation (1975)

The echocardiograms of 46 patients with aortic insufficiency which manifested typical high frequency vibrations of the anterior mitral valve leaflet were reviewed. All patients had overt clinical evidence of aortic insufficiency which was confirmed by angiography in 17 cases. In 17 cases (eight of whom underwent catheterization and angiography), high frequency diastolic vibrations of the interventricular septum of similar frequency to those on the anterior mitral leaflet were observed. This finding was not seen in 100 control echocardiograms from patients without clinical evidence of aortic insufficiency, and represents a previously undescribed echocardiographic manifestation of this lesion.
Transluminal angioplasty: correlation of morphologic and angiographic findings in an experimental model.
Authors: P CBlock, K LBaughman, R CPasternak, J TFallon
Journal: Circulation (1980)

The morphologic consequences of transluminal angioplasty of stenotic atherosclerotic coronary arteries are unknown. This study describes the production of aortoiliac atherosclerosis in rabbits and reports the morphologic changes after transluminal angioplasty of stenotic arterial lesions. Atherosclerotic lesions were evaluated angiographically before and after transluminal angioplasty and were studied histologically and by electron microscopy after angioplasty. Moderatley stenotic aortic segments showed denudation of endothelial cells and deposition of a carpet of platelets enmeshed in fibrin. Medial and intimal compression were not seen. Intimal plaque disruption and splitting of atheromatous plaques were observed in more stenotic vessels where dilatation during angioplasty is relatively greater. Transluminal angioplasty, therefore, acutely causes desquamation of endothelial cells and superficial plaque elements, splitting of atheroma and subsequent deposition of platelets and fibrin in the area of angio...
Branching patterns in the porcine coronary arterial tree. Estimation of flow heterogeneity.
Authors: EVanBavel, J ASpaan
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

The aim of this study is to quantify the porcine coronary arterial branching pattern and to use this quantification for the interpretation of flow heterogeneity. Two casts of the coronary arterial tree were made at diastolic arrest and maximal dilation. The relation between length and diameter of arterial segments was quantified, as well as the area expansion ratio and diameter symmetry of vascular nodes. These relations were used to construct computer models of the coronary arterial tree, covering diameters between 10 and 500 microns. Topology of these simulated trees was analyzed using Strahler ordering: Bifurcation ratio, diameter ratio, and length ratio were constant along orders 2-8 and equal to 3.30, 1.51, and 1.63, respectively. In each order, the number of segments per Strahler vessel was almost geometrically distributed. For the lowest orders, these predictions were confirmed by direct observations. From the network model, local pressure and flow were also predicted: Pressure fell from 90 to 32 m...
Effects of acute beta-adrenergic receptor blockade on age-associated changes in cardiovascular performance during dynamic exercise.
Authors: J LFleg, SSchulman, FO'Connor, L CBecker, GGerstenblith, J FClulow, D GRenlund, E GLakatta
Journal: Circulation (1994)

The cardiovascular response to beta-adrenergic stimulation is markedly blunted with advancing age, and this blunting may underlie some of the prominent age-associated changes in the hemodynamic profile during dynamic exercise. To examine this hypothesis, we administered the nonselective beta-adrenergic receptor blocker propranolol (0.15 mg/kg IV) to 25 healthy normotensive men ages 28 to 72 years from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) immediately before maximal upright cycle ergometry with 99mTc gated cardiac blood pool scintigraphy. Their hemodynamic responses to exercise were compared with those of 70 age-matched healthy unmedicated male BLSA control subjects. The maximal cycle work rate achieved was similar in propranolol-treated men (158 +/- 32 W) and control subjects (148 +/- 32 W) and declined similarly with age in both groups. Hemodynamics at seated rest were not age-related in either group; however, propranolol-treated men had lower heart rates (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), e...
Glibenclamide antagonizes adenosine A1 receptor-mediated cardioprotection in stunned canine myocardium.
Authors: ZYao, G JGross
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDThe main objective of the present study was to determine the role of adenosine in the development of myocardial stunning following multiple, brief periods of coronary artery occlusion as well as the subtype of adenosine receptor (A1 or A2) involved. A second objective was to determine if there was an interaction between the adenosine A1 receptor and the ATP-dependent K channel (KATP).METHODS AND RESULTSThe effects of the selective adenosine A1 receptor antagonist 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (DPCPX) and agonist cyclopentyladenosine (CPA), the selective A2 receptor agonist CGS 21680, and the KATP channel blocker glibenclamide on myocardial stunning produced by repetitive coronary artery occlusions were studied in barbital-anesthetized dogs. Regional segment function was measured with sonomicrometry. Under control conditions, six 5-minute periods of coronary occlusion interspersed with 10-minute periods of reperfusion and ultimately followed by 2 hours of reperfusion produced regional segmen...
Myocardial protective effects of adenosine. Infarct size reduction with pretreatment and continued receptor stimulation during ischemia.
Authors: C FToombs, SMcGee, W EJohnston, JVinten-Johansen
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDWe hypothesized that 1) endogenous adenosine released during ischemia conferred an inherent cardioprotection, and 2) a pretreatment dose of adenosine before ischemia would provide additional protection independent of hemodynamic effects.METHODS AND RESULTSThirty-six anesthetized New Zealand White rabbits underwent 30 minutes of regional ischemia produced by coronary occlusion followed by 2 hours of reperfusion. The adenosine group (ADO, n = 9) received a 5-minute pretreatment infusion of 140 micrograms/kg/min of adenosine before ischemia. A control group (SAL, n = 9) received saline before ischemia. To separate the effects of adenosine used as a pretreatment versus the effects during ischemia, a third group (ADO+SPT, n = 9) received adenosine as pretreatment followed by 10 mg/kg 8-p-sulfophenyl theophylline (8-SPT), an A1/A2-receptor antagonist given before ischemia, thus allowing pretreatment with adenosine but antagonizing its effects during ischemia. To preclude any protection from endogenous...
Intracoronary thrombus formation causes focal vasoconstriction of epicardial arteries in patients with coronary artery disease.
Authors: A MZeiher, VSchächinger, S HWeitzel, HWollschläger, HJust
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDExperimental studies have demonstrated that intracoronary platelet aggregation and thrombus formation may induce marked vasoconstriction of epicardial arteries with endothelial injury.METHODS AND RESULTSTo examine the effects of intracoronary thrombus formation on coronary vasomotor tone of human epicardial arteries in vivo, we studied 15 patients who developed intracoronary thrombi adherent to the guide wire during balloon dilatation. Epicardial artery luminal area was evaluated by quantitative coronary angiography proximal and distal to the site of intracoronary thrombus formation and in a reference vessel before and after thrombus formation as well as after intracoronary injection of 0.2-0.3 mg nitroglycerin. All artery segments distal to the site of thrombus formation showed vasoconstriction with a luminal area reduction of -27.4 +/- 17.1% (p less than 0.001), whereas proximal vessel segments and reference vessels not manipulated during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty did not ...
TCTAP A-017 Long-term Outcomes of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Versus Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery in Elderly Patients with Multivessel and/or Left Main Coronary Artery Disease and Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Jianfeng Zheng, JiLin Zheng, Xiaoying Lou
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
99mTc-sucralfate scintigraphy and colonic disease.
Authors: A George, M V Merrick, K R Palmer, A M Millar
Journal: BMJ (1987)

disorder were excluded the same significant differences remained.Thus sexual dysfunction and the irritable bowel syndrome are specifically related, but the mechanism remains speculative.A particular feature was that sexual intercourse often induced abdominal pain, which often had a delayed onset.This may reflect secondary colonic spasm, although it may have originated within the genitourinary tract.More subtle psychological mechanisms must also be considered.The women in our study probably represent the severe end of the range of the irritable bowel syndrome.Thus extrapolation of these results to the syndrome as a whole is not justified.Our findings suggest, however, that sexual dysfunction in the irritable bowel syndrome is a hitherto completely unrecognised aspect of this condition that needs to be addressed.
Construction of heparin-based hydrogel incorporated with Cu5.4O ultrasmall nanozymes for wound healing and inflammation inhibition
Authors: Yuan Peng, Danfeng He, Xin Ge, Yifei Lu, Yuanhao Chai, Yixin Zhang, Zhengwei Mao, Gaoxing Luo, Jun Deng, Yan Zhang
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)

Excessive production of inflammatory chemokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause a feedback cycle of inflammation response that has a negative effect on cutaneous wound healing. The use of wound-dressing materials that simultaneously absorb chemokines and scavenge ROS constitutes a novel 'weeding and uprooting' treatment strategy for inflammatory conditions. In the present study, a composite hydrogel comprising an amine-functionalized star-shaped polyethylene glycol (starPEG) and heparin for chemokine sequestration as well as Cu5.4O ultrasmall nanozymes for ROS scavenging (Cu5.4[email protected]) was developed. The material effectively adsorbs the inflammatory chemokines monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin-8, decreasing the migratory activity of macrophages and neutrophils. Furthermore, it scavenges the ROS in wound fluids to mitigate oxidative stress, and the sustained release of Cu5.4O promotes angiogenesis. In acute wounds and impaired-healing wounds (diabetic wounds), Cu5.4[email protected] hydrogels outperform the standard-of-care product Promogram® in terms of inflammation reduction, increased epidermis regeneration, vascularization, and wound closure.
Adolescents’ symptoms of anxiety and depression before and during the Covid-19 outbreak – A prospective population-based study of teenagers in Norway
Authors: Gertrud Sofie Hafstad, Sjur Skjørshammer Sætren, Tore Wentzel-Larsen, Else-Marie Augusti
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2021)

Lockdown policies related to the Sars-Cov-2 pandemic has potential negative consequences for mental health in youths.Anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed in 3 572 adolescents, age 13 to 16 using the Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL-10), in a representative longitudinal survey of Norwegian youths between February 2019 (T1) and June 2020 (T2). Predictors for symptom change were analysed with linear mixed-effects models.Overall, clinical levels of anxiety and depression increased slightly from 5.5% at T1 to 6.3% at T2; Chi square 224.4 (df = 1), p<.001. However, the observed change was driven by the increase in age between assessments. Being a girl, having pre-existing mental health problems, and living in a single-parent household at T1, predicted higher levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms at T2 (p<.001). Living in a single-parent household was associated with a significant increase in symptoms, also when age was controlled for (p<.001). Living in a poor family however, or having a history of maltreatment, was associated with a significantly lower increase in symptoms (p<.001).Anxiety and depressive symptoms increased slightly in Norwegian youths between 2019 and 2020, but this change seemed to be driven by increase in age rather than pandemic-related measures. Symptom levels were unevenly distributed across demographic groups both before and during the pandemic outbreak, indicating that health disparities persist for adolescents in risk groups during a pandemic . Health inequities related to living conditions need to be addressed in future action plans, and intensified measures to mitigate inequities are needed.The study was funded by the Norwegian Directorate for Children, Adolescents and Family affairs (Bufdir).
The prognostic implications of acute myocardial infarct scintigraphy with 99mTc-pyrophosphate.
Authors: B LHolman, R JChisholm, EBraunwald
Journal: Circulation (1978)

The predictive value of the myocardial scintigraphy with 99mTc-pyrophosphate was studied in 100 patients admitted to the coronary care unit with suspected acute myocardial infarction. None of the 21 patients with normal scintigrams had acute myocardial infraction by other criteria. Fifty-five percent of patients with diffuse uptake (pattern B), 73% of patients with focal uptake (pattern C) and all patients with intense focal uptake (pattern D) and massive uptake (pattern E) had acute infarction. The complication rate in the hospital and after discharge (mean followup: 6.1 months) for patients with pattern E was 88% compared to 42% for D, 30% for C, 36% for B and 10% for patients with normal scintigrams (A). For patients with acute infarction with patterns C, D and E, the complication rate rose with increasing size of the myocardial uptake of 99mTc-pyrophosphate. In addition to its diagnostic potential, scintigraphy provides prognostic information which is useful for patient triage and for therapeutic deci...
Optimization of biphasic waveforms for human nonthoracotomy defibrillation.
Authors: J FSwartz, R DFletcher, P EKarasik
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDBiphasic waveforms reduce defibrillation threshold (DFT) in a wide variety of models. Although there are several human studies of long-duration, high-tilt biphasic waveform defibrillation, the specific biphasic waveform shape required to achieve optimal DFT reduction is unknown.METHODS AND RESULTSThis study tested the effect of single capacitor biphasic waveform tilt modification on DFT using a paired study design in 18 patients undergoing nonthoracotomy defibrillator implantation. Baseline DFT was obtained using a 65% tilt, simultaneous pulse, bidirectional monophasic shock from a right ventricular cathode to a coronary sinus or superior vena cava lead and a subscapular patch. The single-capacitor biphasic waveform shocks, delivered over the same pathways, consisted of either both phases at 65% tilt (65/65 biphasic waveform) to produce an overall tilt of 88% and a delivered energy 11% greater than monophasic shock or both phases at 42% tilt (42/42 biphasic waveform) to produce an overall tilt o...
A trial speech screening test for school entrants
Authors: M J Rigby, I. Chesham
Journal: BMJ (1981)

An objective, low-cost means of screening school entrant children for speech disorders was designed, and speech therapists evaluated the doctors' screening results.In a field trial comprising 438 children, an accuracy rate of 92% was reported, with a referral rate by doctors of 14%, and speech therapists subsequently observing or treating 10%.The trial showed also the effects on accuracy rates of setting different pass levels.
Influence of 5- and 6-hydroxydopamine on adrenergic transmission and nerve terminal morphology in the canine pulmonary vascular bed.
Authors: P JKadowitz, D SKnight, R GHibbs, J PEllison, P DJoiner, M JBrody, A LHyman
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

We studied the effects of 5- and 6-hydroxydopamine on adrenergic neurotransmission, fluorescence histochemistry, and nerve terminal ultrastructure in the canine pulmonary vascular bed. Fluorescence histochemistry on stretched preparations and sections of intrapulmonary artery and vein demonstrated that these vessels are well supplied with adrenergic nerves electron microscopy revealed adrenergic terminals in the adventitia and outer third of the media in the artery, but only in the adventitia in the vein. Adrenergic terminals in artery and vein contained many small and a few large dense-core vesicles. At least 20% of the terminals in the artery contained many small agranular vesicles and a few large opaque vesicles; this suggests that they were of the cholinergic type; Such terminals were not found in intrapulmonary veins. Under conditions of controlled blood flow, stimulation of the sympathetic nerves to the lung and intralobar injection of norepinephrine increased pressure in the perfused lobar artery a...
A prospective evaluation of tolerability of niraparib dosing based upon baseline body weight (wt) and platelet (blplt) count: Blinded pooled interim safety data from the PRIMA Study
Authors: A. Gonzalez, M.R. Mirza, I. Vergote, Y. Li, S. Hazard, R. Clark, W. Graybill, B. Pothuri, B.J. Monk
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Effect of quinidine and temperature on sodium uptake and contraction frequency of cultured rat myocardial cells.
Authors: DMcCall
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

The effects of quinidine and temperature on Na influx and contraction frequency of synchronously contracting rat myocardial cells in monolayer cultures were studied. Quinidine (10(-6) M to 10(-1) M) produced a prompt reduction in Na influx, maximum after 30 seconds of exposure, and dose-dependent along a sigmoid log dose-response curve. At 37 degrees C, Na influx (mumol/10(11) cells per sec) decreased from 30.19 to 24.70 (P less than 0.001) and 10.49 (P less than 0.001) on exposure to quinidine, 10(-6) and 10(-2) M, respectively. Simultaneously the contraction frequency decreased from a control of 120/min to 105/min and 48/min with 10(-6) M and 5 X 10(-4) M quinidine. At higher concentrations spontaneous contractions ceased. The effects on Na influx and contraction were reversible by washing the cells free of the drug (30 seconds). A temperature-dependent decrease in the Na influx between 37 degrees C and 22 degrees C also induced a decrease in contraction frequency. Between 25 degrees C and 35 degrees C ...
A Paradigm Shift in the Management of Acute Iatrogenic Colonic Perforations. a 24-Year Retrospective Comprehensive Study
Authors: M Fragaki, M Velegraki, A Mpitouli, P Nikolaou, G Tribonias, E Voudoukis, K Karmiris, A Theodoropoulou, E Vardas, G Paspatis
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Historically, colonoscopic perforation was treated surgically in most cases. With advanced endoscopic clipping techniques (in particular, the over-the-scope-clip system) being developed during the last decade, endoscopic treatment of both diagnostic and therapeutic perforations has been effective, particularly in perforations diagnosed during the procedure. The primary objective of this study was to compare the management of acute iatrogenic perforations (AIPs) of the colon before and after the introduction of advanced clipping techniques.
Molecular characterization of angiotensin II--induced hypertrophy of cardiac myocytes and hyperplasia of cardiac fibroblasts. Critical role of the AT1 receptor subtype.
Authors: JSadoshima, SIzumo
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

Increasing evidence suggests that angiotensin II (Ang II) may act as a growth factor for the heart. However, direct effects of Ang II on mammalian cardiac cells (myocytes and nonmyocytes), independent of secondary hemodynamic and neurohumoral effects, have not been well characterized. Therefore, we analyzed the molecular phenotype of cultured cardiac cells from neonatal rats in response to Ang II. In addition, we examined the effects of selective Ang II receptor subtype antagonists in mediating the biological effects of Ang II. In myocyte culture, Ang II caused an increase in protein synthesis without changing the rate of DNA synthesis. In contrast, Ang II induced increases in protein synthesis, DNA synthesis, and cell number in nonmyocyte cultures (mostly cardiac fibroblasts). The Ang II-induced hypertrophic response of myocytes and mitogenic response of fibroblasts were mediated primarily by the AT1 receptor. Ang II caused a rapid induction of many immediate-early genes (c-fos, c-jun, jun B, Egr-1, and ...
Quantitative analysis of myocardial infarct structure in patients with ventricular tachycardia.
Authors: D RBolick, D BHackel, K AReimer, R EIdeker
Journal: Circulation (1986)

To study whether myocardial infarction differs in patients with and without ventricular tachycardia, the hearts of 22 deceased patients with ventricular tachycardia and 21 deceased control patients were analyzed quantitatively. The hearts from the ventricular tachycardia group were heavier and more dilated than those from the control group. Histologic analysis of a representative cross section from each heart showed that the ventricular tachycardia group had larger, more solid infarcts than did the control group. The ventricular tachycardia group also had a greater area of spared subendocardium, more hydropic change of the spared subendocardium, and more ribbon type spared subendocardium, which was defined as spared subendocardium of uniform contour 1 mm thick or less. The ventricular tachycardia group was divided into a subacute subgroup (n = 14, dying less than or equal to 10 weeks after infarction) and a chronic subgroup (n = 8, dying greater than 10 weeks after infarction). The infarcts of the subac...
A Comparison of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection (ESD), Laparoscopic Endoscopic Cooperative Surgery (LECS) and Open Surgery For Early Gastric Cancer (EGC): a Retrospective Study
Authors: S Kashin, E Kraynova, A Merkulova, A Dylenok, E Tarasova
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims To compare perioperative outcomes and oncological clearance of ESD versus LECS and open gastrectomy (GE) for treatment of EGC.