tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Thoracic Aneurysm
Authors: C. W. Suckling
Journal: BMJ (1887)

T.E\B9IT,~,ji!(!LA.1,IOTaRN.or three days.As the patient's deafness-due, as I discoverd, to an exostosis-ceontinued to, increase, he was brought to me-by 4r.Chal- decott, of Dorking, with whose assistance, on September 21st, I operated with the dental engine.The systematic cleansing of the meatus and the repeated application of a solution of carbolic acid constituted the main after-treatment, and the patient is now steadily regaining his hearing.CAsE xx.-H.C., a gentleman aged a1, was sent tq me by Dr.Lawrence, of Chepstow.Three or four years previous to.his first visit to me, in 1886, he had twice suffered from deafness of the right ear, consequent, apparently, on abscess caused by the ingress of water into the meatus.After a slight discharge for a fortnight; the deafness had on both occasions entirely ceased.In August, 1886,/ subsequentvto bathing every other day or so during four weeks at Whitby, deafness came on in the left ear, lasting a month.The patient, who, when he came to me, was very deaf in both ears, and suffered from considerable pain in the right side of the head, presented an exostosis on the posterior wall of each external meatus.On October 20th, 1886, I drilled through both by means of the dental engine.No pain or injury to the general health ensued, and hearing was restored some five weeks from that date to the left ear, and a few days later to the right.On January 6th, 1887, he wrote as follows: "I am very happy tobe able to tell you that I am as nearly as possible cured of my deafness.When I come to town I -will certainly give you a call, that you may see how successful your operation has been."CASE xXI.-Emma H., a hospital patient, came to me November 3rd, 1886, with an exostosis of the left ear, the size of a large pea.and completely closing the external auditory meatus, to the anterior
Hepatitis B transmitted by a human bite
Authors: M. B. MacQuarrie
Journal: JAMA (1974)

HEPATITIS B, formerly termed serum hepatitis, is transmitted by inoculation of blood or blood products containing hepatitis B antigen (HB Ag). Recent experimental and epidemiologic evidence suggests that disease can be transmitted by person-to-person contact (sexual, blood-oral) and by the fecal-oral route.<sup>1,2</sup>In some cases of HB Ag-positive hepatitis, a history of inoculation or transfusion of blood or blood products is lacking, and evidence for other routes of infection has been sought. Hepatitis B antigen has been demonstrated by various methods in the urine, feces,<sup>3</sup>saliva,<sup>4</sup>and semen<sup>5</sup>with and without evidence of trace amounts of blood. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> On Oct 18, 1972, a 52-year-old woman reported to a clinic complaining of nausea, weakness, loss of appetite for one week, dark urine, and jaundice. Liver function studies confirmed the diagnosis of hepatitis. She had not eaten raw shellfish, had never had a blood transfusion,
Differential Diagnosis Between Postpacing Cardiac Memory and Ischemic T-Wave Inversion—Reply
Authors: Ming-Xin Liu, Wei Yan, Chuan-Hai Zhang
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
The social patterning of Covid-19 vaccine uptake in older adults: A register-based cross-sectional study in Sweden
Authors: Malin Spetz, Lisa Lundberg, Chioma Nwaru, Huiqi Li, Ailiana Santosa, Susannah Leach, Magnus Gisslén, Niklas Hammar, Maria Rosvall, Fredrik Nyberg
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2022)

A broad vaccination coverage is crucial for preventing the spread of Covid-19 and reduce serious illness or death. The aim of this study was to examine social inequalities in Covid-19 vaccination uptake as of 17th May 2021 among Swedish adults aged ≥ 60 years.The study population comprised a general population cohort aged 60 years or older (n = 350,805), representative of the Swedish population. Data were collected through the nationwide linked multi-register observational study SCIFI-PEARL, and associations between sociodemographic determinants and Covid-19 vaccination uptake were analysed using logistic regression. Intersectional analyses of sociodemographic heterogeneity were performed by taking several overlapping social dimensions into account. Data availability extended to 17 May 2021.The overall vaccination coverage was 87·2% by 17th May 2021. Younger age, male sex, lower income, living alone, and being born outside Sweden, were all associated with a lower uptake of vaccination. The lowest Covid-19 vaccination uptake was seen in individuals born in low-or middle-income countries, of which only 60% had received vaccination, with an odds ratio (OR) of not being vaccinated of 6·05 (95% CI: 5·85-6·26) compared to individuals born in Sweden. These associations persisted after adjustments for possible confounding factors. The intersectional analyses showed even larger variations in vaccination in cross-classified sociodemographic subgroups (ranging from 44% to 97%) with marked differences in uptake of vaccination within sociodemographic groups.The uptake of Covid-19 vaccine during the spring of 2021 in Sweden varied substantially both between and within sociodemographic groups. The use of an intersectional approach, taking several overlapping social dimensions into account at the same time rather than only using one-dimensional measures, contributes to a better understanding of the complexity in the uptake of vaccination.SciLifeLab / Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Swedish Research Council, Swedish government ALF-agreement, FORMAS.
MEN OF IRON
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Bidding for Practice and Underbidding.
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
How Would You Decide?
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Artificial Anus
Authors: T. O'Connor
Journal: BMJ (1863)

cepting his sight, since the variola.He had never been vaccinated.He had brown hair, and grey irides.It was twenty years since the small-pox.He was a thin, pale man.The irides were of good lustre.The pupils dilated widely with atropine.The lens, humours, etc., were quite clear.The ftindus oscillated in such constant motion, shaking like the head in par- alysis aaitans, that it was difficult to focus any part.Voluntary effort increased rather than diminished this; ,and when he was told to fix his eye on any object the fundus only shook the more.The optic discs in both were yellow white; large, with ill-defined margins, and extremely anuemic.Some of those who examined the eves thought there were no vessels visible in one of them, and the merest threads in the other.I could, however, distinctly perceive vessels of extreme smallness in both.In both, the fundus was dotted over with patches of pigment.Both retinDe and choroids were atrophied.Considering the extent to which the disor- ganisation had proceeded, the wonder was that the man could see at all. (Prixinad Cmmnnicadiius.
Nivolumab plus ipilimumab with or without live bacterial supplementation in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a randomized phase 1 trial
Authors: Nazli Dizman, Luis Meza, Paulo Bergerot, Marice Alcantara, Tanya Dorff, Yung Lyou, Paul Frankel, Yujie Cui, Valerie Mira, Marian Llamas, Joann Hsu, Zeynep Zengin, Nicholas Salgia, Sabrina Salgia, Jasnoor Malhotra, Neal Chawla, Alex Chehrazi-Raffle, Ramya Muddasani, John Gillece, Lauren Reining, Jeff Trent, Motomichi Takahashi, Kentaro Oka, Seiya Higashi, Marcin Kortylewski, Sarah K. Highlander, Sumanta K. Pal
Journal: Nature Medicine (2022)

Abstract Previous studies have suggested that the gut microbiome influences the response to checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) in patients with cancer. CBM588 is a bifidogenic live bacterial product that we postulated could augment CPI response through modulation of the gut microbiome. In this open-label, single-center study (NCT03829111), 30 treatment-naive patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma with clear cell and/or sarcomatoid histology and intermediate- or poor-risk disease were randomized 2:1 to receive nivolumab and ipilimumab with or without daily oral CBM588, respectively. Stool metagenomic sequencing was performed at multiple timepoints. The primary endpoint to compare the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium spp. at baseline and at 12 weeks was not met, and no significant differences in Bifidobacterium spp. or Shannon index associated with the addition of CBM588 to nivolumab–ipilimumab were detected. Secondary endpoints included response rate, progression-free survival (PFS) and toxicity. PFS was significantly longer in patients receiving nivolumab–ipilimumab with CBM588 than without (12.7 months versus 2.5 months, hazard ratio 0.15, 95% confidence interval 0.05–0.47, P = 0.001). Although not statistically significant, the response rate was also higher in patients receiving CBM588 (58% versus 20%, P = 0.06). No significant difference in toxicity was observed between the study arms. The data suggest that CBM588 appears to enhance the clinical outcome in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with nivolumab–ipilimumab. Larger studies are warranted to confirm this clinical observation and elucidate the mechanism of action and the effects on microbiome and immune compartments.
Trends in Mortality Rates Among Medicare Enrollees With Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias Before and During the Early Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Lauren Gilstrap, Weiping Zhou, Marcella Alsan, Anoop Nanda, Jonathan S. Skinner
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2022)

The COVID-19 pandemic fundamentally altered the delivery of health care in the United States. The associations between these COVID-19-related changes and outcomes in vulnerable patients, such as among persons with Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD), are not yet well understood.To determine the association between regional rates of COVID-19 infection and excess mortality among individuals with ADRD.This retrospective cross-sectional study used data from beneficiaries of 100% fee-for-service Medicare Parts A and B between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2020, to assess age- and sex-adjusted mortality rates. Participants were 53 640 888 Medicare enrollees 65 years of age or older categorized into 4 prespecified cohorts: enrollees with or without ADRD and enrollees with or without ADRD residing in nursing homes.Monthly COVID-19 infection rates by hospital referral region between January and December 2020.Mortality rates from March through December 2020 were compared with those from March through December 2019. Excess mortality was calculated by comparing mortality rates in 2020 with rates in 2019 for specific, predetermined groups. Means were compared using t tests, and 95% CIs were estimated using the delta method.This cross-sectional study included 26 952 752 Medicare enrollees in 2019 and 26 688 136 enrollees in 2020. In 2019, the mean (SD) age of community-dwelling beneficiaries without ADRD was 74.1 (8.8) years and with ADRD was 82.6 (8.4) years. The mean (SD) age of nursing home residents with ADRD (83.6 [8.4] years) was similar to that for patients without ADRD (79.7 [8.8] years). Among patients diagnosed as having ADRD in 2019, 63.5% were women, 2.7% were Asian, 9.2% were Black, 5.7% were Hispanic, 80.7% were White, and 1.7% were identified as other (included all races or ethnicities other than those given); the composition did not change appreciably in 2020. Compared with 2019, adjusted mortality in 2020 was 12.4% (95% CI, 12.1%-12.6%) higher among enrollees without ADRD and 25.7% (95% CI, 25.3%-26.2%) higher among all enrollees with ADRD, with even higher percentages for Asian (36.0%; 95% CI, 32.6%-39.3%), Black (36.7%; 95% CI, 35.2%-38.2%), and Hispanic (40.1%; 95% CI, 37.9%-42.3%) populations with ADRD. The hospital referral region in the lowest quintile for COVID-19 infections in 2020 had no excess mortality among enrollees without ADRD but 8.8% (95% CI, 7.5%-10.2%) higher mortality among community-dwelling enrollees with ADRD and 14.2% (95% CI, 12.2%-16.2%) higher mortality among enrollees with ADRD living in nursing homes.The results of this cross-sectional study suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic may be associated with excess mortality among older adults with ADRD, especially for Asian, Black, and Hispanic populations and people living in nursing homes, even in areas with low COVID-19 prevalence.
Medical Organization.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Fluoxetine
Authors: Alastair J.J. Wood, Lars F. Gram
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

The ability of tricyclic antidepressant drugs to inhibit the prejunctional reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin may be responsible for their antidepressant effect. The ability of these drugs to block muscarinergic, H1-histaminergic, and α1-adrenergic receptors may explain their side effects, such as dryness of the mouth, sedation, and hypotension. The development of drugs that inhibit the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin but do not have receptor-blocking effects started in the early 1970s.Fluoxetine (Prozac), a selective inhibitor of serotonin reuptake, is now the most widely prescribed antidepressant drug in the United States and is also commonly prescribed . . .
Association of Plasma Epstein-Barr Virus DNA With Outcomes for Patients With Recurrent or Metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Receiving Anti–Programmed Cell Death 1 Immunotherapy
Authors: Jian-Ying Xu, Xiao-Li Wei, Chao Ren, Yang Zhang, Yao-Fang Hu, Jia-Yu Li, Jun-Liang Chen, Yi-Qin Wang, Fei Han, Feng-Hua Wang
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

<h3>Importance</h3> Anti–programmed cell death 1 (anti–PD-1) immunotherapy features a durable response and improved survival in a small subset of patients with recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (RM-NPC). The association between plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA titer dynamics and efficacy of anti–PD-1 monotherapy has been reported, while its value in predicting long-term outcomes and monitoring disease progression is unclear for patients with RM-NPC who are receiving anti–PD-1 monotherapy. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate the role of plasma EBV DNA titers in prognosis prediction and surveillance of disease progression for patients with RM-NPC who are receiving anti–PD-1 monotherapy. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Patients with RM-NPC from the POLARIS-02 prospective clinical trial, the largest cohort to receive anti–PD-1 monotherapy, were included in this study. From December 22, 2016, to February 19, 2019, 17 participating centers in China screened 279 patients with RM-NPC; 190 patients were enrolled and followed up until February 19, 2020. Plasma EBV DNA was detected before treatment and every 4 weeks until disease progression. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Plasma EBV DNA as a predictor for progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), durable clinical benefit (defined as PFS of ≥6 months), and disease progression. <h3>Results</h3> Of 179 patients with RM-NPC receiving anti–PD-1 therapy, 148 (82.7%) were men, and the median age was 46 years (range, 22-71 years). A higher baseline EBV DNA titer was associated with shorter median OS (hazard ratio, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.22-2.89;<i>P</i> = .004). Patients with a ratio of the EBV DNA titer at week 4 to that at baseline (W4 to baseline ratio) greater than 0.5 had shorter median OS (hazard ratio, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.30-3.65;<i>P</i> &lt; .001) than those with a W4 to baseline ratio of 0.5 or less. Patients with higher baseline EBV DNA titers had a lower durable clinical benefit rate than those with lower baseline EBV DNA titers (19 of 97 [19.6%] vs 27 of 71 [38.0%];<i>P</i> = .01). Similarly, patients with a W4 to baseline ratio greater than 0.5 had a lower durable clinical benefit rate than those with a W4 to baseline ratio of 0.5 or less (9 of 86 [10.5%] vs 32 of 54 [59.3%];<i>P</i> &lt; .001). In addition, a significant EBV DNA titer increase was present at a median of 2.6 months (IQR, 0.9-4.5 months) prior to radiographic progression. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> This study of plasma EBV DNA in patients with RM-NPC who are receiving anti-PD-1 monotherapy suggests that plasma EBV DNA could be a useful biomarker for outcomes and monitoring disease progression.
Shared decision‐making for vitiligo
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2021)

Linked Article: Shourick et al. Br J Dermatol 2021; 185:787-796. Vitiligo is a persistent or chronic condition in which areas of skin lose their normal pigment and become very pale. It is common, affecting about 1% of the world's population. Vitiligo affects men and women of all races equally, but is more noticeable in people with skin of colour. Treatment of vitiligo is often challenging and patients need to persist with treatment long term. Shared decision-making tools (SDMts) are visual aids that are developed to promote joint medical decision-making between physicians and patients. They may help patients better define what they would like to achieve in terms of treatment. In dermatology, various decision support tools have been developed but none for vitiligo. In this study a SDMt was developed and tested in 30 French and 10 US adult patients with vitiligo. The patients who took part in the study reported high satisfaction rates with the use of this tool during their consultations with clinicians. In conclusion, this SDMt for vitiligo can be used routinely in daily clinical practice, and may help patients to continue with treatment for longer. It is an important step towards patient-centred care for patients with vitiligo.