tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Heart disease, cancer, and stroke mortality trends and their interrelations. An international perspective.
Authors: T JThom, F HEpstein
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDChanges in mortality from heart disease, cancer, and stroke over recent decades in many countries have received much attention. However, comprehensive and concurrent analyses of these trends and their effect on total mortality have been lacking. Moreover, the extent to which the trends for one disease may relate to those for another disease is unknown. Concordance of trends for major diseases would suggest that they have common causes and thus may be responsive to the same preventive measures.METHODS AND RESULTSAge-adjusted death rates for total mortality and mortality from heart disease, stroke, lung cancer, and cancer other than lung cancer were obtained for the years 1950 to 1987 in 27 countries by sex and ages 35 to 74 years from the World Health Organization statistical reports. Concordance of mortality trends was assessed for ages 35 to 74 between 1950 and 1983 through visual inspection and semiquantitative measurements of percentage change over time. The epidemic increase in heart disease...
169P BEPACT lung: A prospective, multicenter, non-interventional study of decision factors in the first-line treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: A. Sibille, F. Bustin, C. Compere, K. Cuppens, S.H. Coulon, L. Decoster, L. Decoster, I. Demedts, K. Deschepper, A. Janssens, S. Ocak, C. Oyen, K.E. Pat, T. Pieters, V. Pruniau, J.F. Vansteenkiste
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Topical preparations for the treatment of mild‐to‐moderate acne vulgaris: systematic review and network meta‐analysis*
Authors: B. Stuart, E. Maund, C. Wilcox, K. Sridharan, G. Sivaramakrishnan, C. Regas, D. Newell, I. Soulsby, K.F. Tang, A.Y. Finlay, H.C. Bucher, P. Little, A.M. Layton, M. Santer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2021)

Acne is very common and can have a substantial impact on wellbeing. Guidelines suggest first-line management with topical treatments, but there is little evidence regarding which treatments are most effective.To identify the most effective and best tolerated topical treatments for acne using network meta-analysis.CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase and World Health Organization Trials Registry were searched from inception to June 2020 for randomized trials that included participants with mild/moderate acne. Primary outcomes were self-reported improvement in acne, and trial withdrawal. Secondary outcomes included change in lesion counts, Investigator's Global Assessment, change in quality of life and total number of adverse events. Network meta-analysis was undertaken using a frequentist approach. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and confidence in evidence was assessed using CINeMA.A total of 81 papers were included, reporting 40 trials with a total of 18 089 participants. Patient Global Assessment of Improvement was reported in 11 trials. Based on the pooled network estimates, compared with vehicle, benzoyl peroxide (BPO) was effective (35% vs. 26%) for improving self-reported acne. The combinations of BPO with adapalene (54% vs. 35%) or with clindamycin (49% vs. 35%) were ranked more effective than BPO alone. The withdrawal of participants from the trial was reported in 35 trials. The number of patients withdrawing owing to adverse events was low for all treatments. Rates of withdrawal were slightly higher for BPO with adapalene (2·5%) or clindamycin (2·7%) than BPO (1·6%) or adapalene alone (1·0%). Overall confidence in the evidence was low.Adapalene in combination with BPO may be the most effective treatment for acne but with a slightly higher incidence of withdrawal than monotherapy. Inconsistent reporting of trial results precluded firmer conclusions.
Follow-up evaluation of infant paroxysmal atrial tachycardia: transesophageal study.
Authors: D WBenson, ADunnigan, D GBenditt
Journal: Circulation (1987)

We report results of follow-up transesophageal electrophysiologic studies in 35 infants seven to 27 months old (mean, 12 months) in whom paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT) using an accessory atrioventricular (AV) connection had been previously evaluated by transesophageal study in the first 2 months (mean, 14 days) of life. No infants were receiving antiarrhythmic drug therapy at the time of follow-up study. To evaluate AV conduction and initiate PAT, a standard transesophageal pacing protocol was used: single extrastimuli in sinus rhythm, incremental pacing to second-degree AV block, and burst pacing at cycle lengths near those resulting in second-degree AV block. If PAT was not initiated during the baseline period, the protocol was repeated during the infusion of isoproterenol and after administration of atropine. At follow-up study, PAT was reinitiated in 24 of 35 (68%) infants, six of whom had exhibited recent spontaneous recurrence of PAT. AV nodal function did not differ in those with and those wit...
Liver transplantation for Wilson's disease (WD)
Authors: V. Medici, S. Gianni, V. Mirante, M. Pompili, U. Cillo, D.F. D'Amico, A. Cavallari, G.L. Grazi, M. Salizzoni, R. Fassati, D. Forti, M. Castagneto, M. Del Gaudio, U. Valente, R. Naccarato, E. Melada, G.C. Sturniolo, S. Fagiuoli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Effect of insulin on the proliferation of cultured primate arterial smooth muscle cells.
Authors: R WStout, E LBierman, RRoss
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

Smooth muscle cells were grown from thoracic aortas of 1-year-old monkeys (Macaca nemistrina). The effect of insulin on the proliferation of these cells was studied by comparing the growth of cells in culture medium to which insulin had been added with that of cells in basal (1% monkey serum) medium and in growth-promoting 5% monkey serum. Insulin in concentrations of 10, 100, 1,000, and 10,000 muunits/ml resulted in successively greater stimulation of growth which was highly significant (P smaller than 0.001) by analysis of variance. There was a significant linear relationship between the logarithm of the insulin dose and cell growth. However, the highest concentration of insulin produced only 50% of the effect of 5% monkey serum. Serum from which insulin had been removed stimulated growth less well (P smaller than 0.05) than did untreated serum at the same concentration (5%) but had significant (P smaller than 0.05) stimulating properties compared with whole serum at a lower concentration. Cells that we...
Association of Race/Ethnicity With Likeliness of COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake Among Health Workers and the General Population in the San Francisco Bay Area
Authors: Kevin Grumbach, Timothy Judson, Manisha Desai, Vivek Jain, Christina Lindan, Sarah B. Doernberg, Marisa Holubar
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2021)

inability to assess the quality of hand hygiene.The timeline illustrated in Figures 1 and2 and the concomitant changes in hand hygiene opportunities suggest the compliance surge was driven by fear and increased awareness of the importance of hand hygiene associated with the start of the pandemic, as well as fewer room entries and exits resulting from fewer patient visitors, remote rounding by clinicians, and nurse batching of tasks while in patient rooms.High compliance was not sustained and returned to baseline.As hospitals set hand hygiene goals, this study suggests high compliance is possible, even with automated monitoring, yet difficult to sustain.
Precordial ST-segment mapping 1. Clinical studies in the coronary care unit.
Authors: J EMadias, KVenkataraman, W BHodd
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Precordial ST-segment mapping Was applied serially in the coronary care unit for the study of 46 patients with myocardial infarction (MI), using a 49-lead system. Data from the maps were compared with clinical status of patients, conventional ECGs obtained simultaneously, and serum enzyme levels. Stability of the maps over a one hour period was noted in the early phase of admission. However, a drop of 32% of the sum of ST-segment elevations (+sigma ST) was detected in eight patients with uncomplicated anterior MI over the first 24 hours after admission. Extension of infarction was associated with abrupt rise of + sigma ST, and was diagnosed in two cases from maps in the presence of unchanged standard ECGs. The course of ST elevations was followed more accurately by the map than the standard ECG in eight patients. Pericarditis invalidated the technique completely, due to persistent + sigma ST. The standard ECG was superior to the map in following patients with inferior MI. A case of true posterior MI was m...
Alpha 1-receptor-independent activation of protein kinase C in acute myocardial ischemia. Mechanisms for sensitization of the adenylyl cyclase system.
Authors: R HStrasser, RBraun-Dullaeus, HWalendzik, RMarquetant
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

The activity of the adrenergic system plays an important role in the genesis of malignant arrhythmias and the spreading of the infarcted zone in acute myocardial ischemia. Acute myocardial ischemia induces an increased activity of adenylyl cyclase. This sensitization at the enzyme level as shown in the isolated perfused rat heart occurs rapidly after the onset of ischemia (5-15 minutes) and is rapidly reversible on reperfusion. With prolonged ischemia, it is only transient and is followed by a gradual loss of the adenylyl cyclase activity. The increased activity of adenylyl cyclase is even retained after partial purification, suggesting a covalent modification of the enzyme. Blockade of alpha 1-adrenergic receptors does not prevent this sensitization, demonstrating that it occurs independently of alpha 1-adrenergic receptor activation. Only blockade of protein kinase C by various inhibitors, such as polymyxin B or staurosporine, is able to completely prevent this sensitization process. Moreover, in acute ...
Heart disease deaths in a Japanese urban area evaluated by clinical and police records.
Authors: SBaba, HOzawa, YSakai, ATerao, MKonishi, KTatara
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDBy national statistics, Japanese ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality is one of the lowest of all industrialized countries, and the proportion of deaths due to heart failure in heart disease is the highest. There may be a difference in diagnostic preference between Japan and other industrialized countries.METHODS AND RESULTSIHD deaths according to the death certificates were reevaluated with World Health Organization MONICA criteria for those 25 to 74 years old by use of clinical and police records in a Japanese city with a population of 347,000. Their cause of death was given on the death certificates as IHD (International Classification of Diseases [ICD], ninth revision, codes 410-414), heart failure (428), or other heart diseases (393-405, 415-427, 429) in 1984 through 1986. Some deaths in 1985 through 1986 from stroke (430-438) or other diseases (250, 272, 278, 440-448, 797-799) were added. Of 409 subjects, 397 (97%) could be examined. Reevaluation of the 106 deaths originally diagnosed as...
Migratory activity of human smooth muscle cells cultivated from coronary and peripheral primary and restenotic lesions removed by percutaneous atherectomy.
Authors: GBauriedel, UWindstetter, S JDeMaio, RKandolf, BHöfling
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDThe successful cultivation of human smooth muscle cells (SMC) from coronary and peripheral atherosclerotic lesions removed by percutaneous directional atherectomy is described.METHODS AND RESULTSSixty-seven patients in whom plaque material was obtained compose the study population. A total of 73 lesions from both coronary (n = 38) and peripheral (n = 35) arteries of primary (n = 50) and restenotic origin (n = 23) were studied. Successful cultivation was significantly (p less than 0.001) dependent on the quantity of plaque material submitted. Fifty-five percent of patients in whom atherectomy specimens were removed from coronary lesions yielded an adequate SMC population in comparison to 89% of those from peripheral arteries (p less than 0.01). Cultivation was not dependent on the age and sex of patients, lesion origin, risk factors, medications, or incidence of unstable angina. In an attempt to quantify SMC activity, migratory velocity was measured with a computer-assisted motion analysis system...
Diagnosis of Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: G V R K Sharma, D E Tow, A F Parisi, A A Sasahara
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1977)

Although there is an increasing recognition of pulmonary embolism (PE) as a major contributory factor to the mortality and morbidity of hospitalized patients, the disease continues to present difficult diagnostic problems. Recent clinical studies employing perfusion lung scan and selective pulmonary angiogram as diagnostic screening tests indicate that fatal PE occurs in about 5 patients per 1000 inpatients ( 1) and nonfatal PE in 20 per 1000 inpatients (2). On an annual basis, this incidence rate yields a total of approximately 140,000 fatal and 560,000 nonfatal pulmonary­ embolism cases each year. While the mortality of untreated PE is high, ranging from 18% (3) to 38% (4), that of treated PE is relatively low-8% (5). It is therefore important that the clinician be aware of the implication of the above observations and institute appropriate measures for early diagnosis and treatment in the sus­ pected patient. Diagnosis, however, may often be difficult, and at times, impossible. The diagnosis of PE can be made at the clinical level if a patient with no prior heart or lung disease presents with a history of thrombophlebitis, sudden onset of dyspnea, pleuritic pain, hemoptysis, and has minimal findings on physical examination and a normal-looking plain chest X ray. The clinical diagnosis may be confirmed by documentation of arterial hypoxemia and characteristic perfusion defect(s) on lung scanning. Such a presentation is so  that further confirmation by selective pulmonary angiography may even be considered unnecessary. Unfortunately, how­ ever, the manifestations of pulmonary embolic disease are rarely so typical and the diagnosis rarely so easy. In the great majority of patients, the disease presents in an
Endoscopic Treatment of Bleeding Gastric Varices Using Eus-Guided Coiling and 2-Octyl Cyanoacrylate Injection
Authors: M Lajin
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

A 61-year-old male with liver cirrhosis secondary to NASH presented with hematemesis. Upper endoscopy showed gastric varices GOV2 with a fibrin clot.
Atrial natriuretic peptide in a rat model of cardiac failure. Atrial and ventricular mRNA, atrial content, plasma levels, and effect of volume loading.
Authors: HDrexler, JHänze, MFinckh, WLu, HJust, R ELang
Journal: Circulation (1989)

This study examined the relation between synthesis, atrial storage, and plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), and it examined plasma ANP levels and hemodynamic output in response to volume expansion in a rat model of myocardial infarction and failure. Arterial ANP concentrations did not correlate linearly with infarct size, but they did show an abrupt increase when infarct size exceeded 30% of the left ventricle, similar to the abrupt increase of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure with infarct size greater than 30%. Consequently, a close relation was found between plasma ANP levels and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (n = 23, r = 0.89, p less than 0.001). Atrial ANP content per gram of tissue but not ANP content per pair of atria was reduced in rats with large infarcts (greater than 40%, p less than 0.05 vs. control animals). ANP mRNA level per pair of atria (related to total atrial RNA), determined by liquid hybridization (controlled by northern blot analysis), was increased by ...
Circadian variation of plasma fibrinopeptide A level in patients with variant angina.
Authors: HOgawa, HYasue, SOshima, KOkumura, KMatsuyama, KObata
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Plasma levels of fibrinopeptide A (FPA), beta-thromboglobulin (BTG), and platelet factor 4 (PF4) were examined on venous plasma samples taken every 4 hours for 24 hours in 20 patients with variant angina and 20 patients with stable exertional angina together with 24-hour Holter recordings. The mean plasma FPA levels (ng/ml) at 2:00 PM, 6:00 PM, 10:00 PM, 2:00 AM, 6:00 AM, and 10:00 AM were 4.6 +/- 1.0, 3.1 +/- 0.5, 6.1 +/- 1.6, 9.9 +/- 2.4, 8.7 +/- 1.4, and 4.2 +/- 0.8 in patients with variant angina (p less than 0.01) and 1.8 +/- 0.2, 2.3 +/- 0.3, 1.9 +/- 0.3, and 2.3 +/- 0.2 in those with stable exertional angina. In seven patients with variant angina, we also examined the effects of heparin (3,000 units), given subcutaneously at 6:00 PM, 10:00 PM, and 2:00 AM, on the plasma FPA levels and the anginal attacks. Although heparin suppressed the elevation and circadian variation of plasma FPA levels, it did not suppress the attacks and their circadian variation in these patients. Plasma FPA levels increased...
Increase of Gi alpha in human hearts with dilated but not ischemic cardiomyopathy.
Authors: MBöhm, PGierschik, K HJakobs, BPieske, PSchnabel, MUngerer, EErdmann
Journal: Circulation (1990)

In myocardial membranes from hearts with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), there was a 37% increase of the Gi alpha-protein as measured by 32P-ADP-ribosylation of a approximately 40 kDa pertussis toxin substrate. Immunoblotting techniques also showed increased amounts of Gi alpha in DCM. In hearts with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM), Gi alpha was not altered compared with nonfailing myocardium (NF). Basal and Gpp(NH)p-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity was reduced in DCM but not in ICM. The number of beta-adrenoceptors was similarly reduced both in DCM and ICM compared with NF. Alterations of m-cholinoceptors or A1-adenosine receptors did not occur. Consistently, indirect negative inotropic effects of the m-cholinoceptor agonist carbachol and the A1-adenosine receptor agonist R-PIA were not different in ICM, DCM, and nonfailing myocardium. In ICM and DCM, there was a marked reduction of the positive inotropic responses to isoprenaline and milrinone. However, there was a further reduction in DCM compared w...
Cardiovascular response to isometric exercise in normal adolescents.
Authors: W PLaird, D EFixler, F DHuffines
Journal: Circulation (1979)

The purpose of this study was to document the cardiovascular response to submaximal isometric handgrip (IHG) exercise in 32 normal adolescents. Left ventricular (LV) dimensions and systolic time intervals were recorded using echocardiography; blood pressure was measured by sphygmomanometry both at rest and during IHG exercise at 25% maximum contraction. This level of isometric exercise produced significant (p less than 0.001) increases in mean heart rate, systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressures. Despite this response LV diastolic and systolic dimensions remained unchanged during exercise; hence, stroke volume remained constant. Cardiac index increased by 22% (p less than 0.001) due to the increase in heart rate. Systemic vascular resistance did not change significantly. LV ejection indices, including shortening fraction, mean Vcf and systolic time intervals also remained unchanged, except for an increase in LV ejection time index (p less than 0.025). These data indicate that the cardiovascular respon...
Like A Thief In The Night: A Rare Case Of Anorectal Tuberculosis In An Hiv-Positive Filipino Female
Authors: TP Guevarra
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims This report aims to discuss a case of a 39-year old HIV positive Filipino female who presented with purulent anal discharges, painful anal swelling, and fistula-in-ano. It also aims to highlight the importance of including anorectal tuberculosis in the differential diagnoses of patients presenting with anal discharges and fistula-in-ano. Specifically, it aims to discuss the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management of anorectal tuberculosis.
TCTAP C-016 A Case of Successful Rotational Atherectomy in a Dissected and Ectatic Right Coronary Artery
Authors: Siti Dalila Adnan, Nor Halwani Habizal, Kamaraj Selvaraj, Asri Ranga Abdullah Ramaiah, Abd Kahar Abd Ghapar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Laparoscopic Lavage vs Primary Resection for Perforated Diverticulitis
Authors: John Roberts
Journal: JAMA (2016)

To the Editor Dr Schultz and colleagues1 studied laparoscopic lavage vs colon resection for perforated diverticulitis. They reported no differences in severe postoperative complications, and 20% of patients needed further surgery after a laparoscopic lavage vs 6% after resection.
The effects of age, body wight and family relationships on plasma lipoproteins and lipids in men, women and children of randomly selected families.
Authors: S LConnor, W EConnor, GSexton, LCalvin, SBacon
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Two hundred thirty-three families were randomly selected from a designated population base. Data from 619 persons ages 6--65 years had distributions of lipid and anthropometric values typical for the U.S. population. The typical rise in plasma cholesterol and triglyceride with age was also demonstrated. The plasma cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) correlated more strongly with age than body weight, whereas the plasma triglyceride was more related to body weight than to age. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) was inversely correlated with weight and plasma triglyceride. Family membership accounted for approximately 20% of the variability in cholesterol, LDL, HDL and weight. Related family members (father-child, mother-child and siblings) had strong correlations for plasma cholesterol, LDL and HDL. These measurements did not correlate in the spouse pairs. The plasma triglyceride did not correlate for the family as a whole nor for the individual family members. This study indicates the importance of ...
Antiplatelet and antithrombotic efficacy of DMP 728, a novel platelet GPIIb/IIIa receptor antagonist.
Authors: S AMousa, J MBozarth, M SForsythe, S MJackson, ALeamy, M MDiemer, R PKapil, R MKnabb, M CMayo, S KPierce
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDCurrently used antiplatelet drugs, including aspirin, ticlopidine, and others, are effective against certain but not all of the many endogenous platelet activators. Because of their limited efficacy, a significant number of serious thromboembolic complications still occur, highlighting the need for a more effective therapy. Thus, we have identified a systemically active peptide analogue (DMP 728) of the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) recognition sequence that mediates the binding of ligands such as fibrinogen to the platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptors. The goals of the present study were to determine the antiplatelet and antithrombotic efficacies of DMP 728 in various arterial thrombosis models.METHODS AND RESULTSDMP 728 demonstrated antiplatelet efficacy in vitro in inhibiting ADP-induced human platelet aggregation (IC50, 46 +/- 2 nmol/L) and fibrinogen binding to human platelets (IC50, 2.3 +/- 0.8 nmol/L) or purified human GPIIb/IIIa receptors (IC50, 0.6 +/- 0.1 nmol/L). DMP 72...
Prevalence and Correlates of Growth Failure in African Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: A Multinational Study
Authors: Laure Alexandre, Dapa Diallo, Aissata Tolo, Saliou Diop, Ibrahima Sanogo, Ibrahima Diagne, Guillaume Wamba, Kouakou Boidy, Indou Deme Ly, Abdoul Karim Dembele, Suzanne Belinga, Marie Dubert, Xavier Jouven, Brigitte Ranque
Journal: Blood (2017)