POS0628 FAILURE TO SUSTAIN TREATMENT TARGET AFTER TAPERING TOCILIZUMAB IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: 4-YEAR LONGITUDINAL DATA FROM A NATIONWIDE COHORT
Authors: J. W. Park, M. J. Kim, H. A. Kim, J. Kim, E. B. Lee, K. Shin
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

Background: Tapering biologic therapy after achieving clinical remission or low disease activity (LDA) has become a viable option in daily clinical practice of treating patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). There are yet few studies investigating its effectiveness and safety compared with those of standard biologic treatment, especially with non-tumor necrosis factor inhibitors. Objectives: To investigate the effectiveness and safety of tapering tocilizumab (TCZ) in patients with RA who attained LDA after TCZ therapy. Methods: Data were collected from a nationwide cohort of patients with RA receiving biologic therapy in South Korea (KOBIO-RA). This study included 350 patients who were treated with TCZ and achieved Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI)-LDA or remission (CDAI ≤ 10) after one year of treatment. We performed a longitudinal analysis utilizing clinical data measured in all 1-year intervals using generalized estimating equations (GEE). A total of 575 one-year intervals were divided into two groups according to the dose quotient (DQ, 0-100%) of TCZ within the interval (tapering group vs. standard treatment group). The main outcome of this study was loss of CDAI-LDA in the following 1-year interval. Results: Tapering TCZ was conducted in 282 (49.0%) intervals with a mean (SD) DQ of 66.0 (15.5). Loss of CDAI-LDA occurred in 91 (15.1%) intervals. Multivariable GEE showed significantly increased loss of CDAI-LDA (adjusted OR (95% CI): 1.76 [1.01 to 3.07]) in the tapering group after adjusting for previous biologics use, route of TCZ administration, concomitant glucocorticoid use, and CDAI measured in the previous follow-up. In addition, the likelihood to achieve DAS28-deep remission (DAS28-ESR &lt; 1.98) was also significantly lower in the tapering group (adjusted OR 0.68 [0.46 to 0.99]). In contrast, there was no significant difference in the proportion of fulfilling other remission criteria between the two groups (Table 1). Development any adverse drug event or event of special interest was comparable in both groups except for hypercholesterolemia, which was lower in the tapering group. Table 1. Demographic characteristics and csDMARDs before first bDMARD Loss of CDAI-LDA DAS28-remission DAS28-deep remission CDAI-remission SDAI-remission ACR/EULAR remission Unadjusted OR (95% CI) (vs. standard-dose group) 1.02 (0.67 to 1.55) 1.03 (0.71 to 1.49) 0.76 (0.54 to 1.06) 1.23 (0.75 to 2.00) 0.92 (0.59 to 1.44) 0.98 (0.65 to 1.48) Adjusted OR (95% CI) (vs. standard-dose group) 1.76 (1.01 to 3.07 ) 0.87 (0.54 to 1.38) 0.68 (0.46 to 0.99 ) 0.94 (0.57 to 1.55) 0.87 (0.54 to 1.38) 0.76 (0.50 to 1.18) CDAI, clinical disease activity index; CI, confidence interval; DAS, disease activity score; LDA, low disease activity; OR, odds ratio; SDAI, simplified disease activity index. Conclusion: Tapering TCZ after achieving LDA in patients with RA increases the risk of losing the benefit of LDA without a significant merit in safety. References: [1]Smolen JS et al. Maintenance, reduction or withdrawal of etanercept after treatment with etanercept and methotrexate in patients with moderate rheumatoid arthritis (PRESERVE): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2013;381:918-29. [2]Schett G et al. Tapering biologic and conventional DMARD therapy in rheumatoid arthritis: current evidence and future directions. Ann Rheum Dis. 2016;75:1428-37. Disclosure of Interests: None declared