tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of completeness of revascularization on long-term outcome of patients with three-vessel disease undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. A report from the Coronary Artery Surgery Study (CASS) Registry.
Authors: M RBell, B JGersh, H VSchaff, D RHolmes, L DFisher, E LAlderman, W OMyers, L SParsons, G SReeder
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDComplete revascularization after coronary artery bypass surgery is a logical goal and improves symptomatic outcome and survival. However, the impact of complete revascularization in patients with three-vessel coronary disease with varying severities of angina and left ventricular dysfunction has not been clearly defined.METHODS AND RESULTSThe study was performed as a retrospective analysis of 3,372 nonrandomized surgical patients from the Coronary Artery Surgery Study (CASS) Registry who had three-vessel coronary disease. Group 1 (894 patients) had class I or II angina (Canadian Cardiovascular Society criteria) and group 2 (2,478 patients) had class III or IV angina. In group 1, adjusted cumulative 4-year survivals according to the number of vessels bypassed were 85% (one vessel), 94% (two vessels), 96% (three vessels), and 96% (more than three vessels) (log rank, p = 0.022). Adjusted event-free survival (death, myocardial infarction, definite angina, or reoperation) was not influenced by the nu...
Heterosexual Transmission of HIV
Authors: Laura C. Rodrigues
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We are pleased to see a feature in the medical literature addressing the fact that the right health education message may not be enough to protect women against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.<sup>1</sup>The issue of women's ability to perceive themselves at risk and to negotiate safer sex and the role of society's perceptions of masculinity have been discussed, particularly in the sociological and anthropological literature, for some time.<sup>2</sup> We would, however, like to take issue with Dr Guinan's assertion that a comprehensive program to prevent HIV infection to women should emphasize "having one lifetime partner."<sup>1</sup> Health education campaigns aimed at heterosexual transmission of HIV infection have often centered on recommending monogamy, particularly in Africa, or at least have presented casual sex as the main risk. We believe that this is not an accurate reflection of risk of HIV transmission to women and may cause
Letter to the editor: Outbreak of a new measles B3 variant in the Roma/Sinti population with transmission in the nosocomial setting, Italy, November 2015 to April 2016
Authors: Lorenzo Monasta, Alessandra Knowles
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2016)

Preview this article: Letter to the editor: Outbreak of a new measles B3 variant in the Roma/Sinti population with transmission in the nosocomial setting, Italy, November 2015 to April 2016, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/21/27/eurosurv-21-30275-5-1.gif
Prediction of outcome after valve replacement for rheumatic mitral regurgitation in the era of chordal preservation.
Authors: TWisenbaugh, DSkudicky, PSareli
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDNoninvasive predictors of important outcomes after valve replacement for mitral regurgitation have not been examined in a rheumatic population (in whom the results of valve repair are suboptimal) in the era of chordal preservation. Timing of valve replacement thus remains a difficult question in rheumatic mitral regurgitation.METHODS AND RESULTSOf 278 patients followed after valve replacement, 66 had pure or predominant mitral regurgitation, and in 61 of these the etiology was rheumatic. The mean age was 24 years. After a mean follow-up of 24 +/- 10 months, the ability of preoperative clinical and echocardiographic data to predict outcome was assessed prospectively, and the possible impact of chordal preservation (n = 35) on survival and post-operative left ventricular function was examined retrospectively. There were no perioperative deaths. There were six postoperative deaths, all the result of heart failure and all related to left ventricular dysfunction. The mean probability of survival was ...
Reflex regulation of sympathetic activity in the spontaneously hypertensive rat.
Authors: J HCoote, YSato
Journal: Circulation Research (1977)

The influence that the pressure-sensitive receptors in the cardiovascular system have on renal nerve activity and on heart rate was compared in normotensive rats (NTR) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The cardiovascular receptors were stimulated by raising the blood pressure (BP) with intravenous phenylephrine. The duration of silence in the record of renal sympathetic nerve activity produced by a number of different rises in BP was measured. We found that the pressure that was just able to produce a silence in the nerve activity (threshold pressure) was higher in the SHR (170 mm Hg) than in the NTR (130 mm Hg). Also, comparable rises in BP above the threshold pressure in the SHR and NTR were less effective in the SHR in producing a complete inhibition of sympathetic nerve activity as judged by the short duration of inhibition. In contrast, we found that the changes in heart rate produced by rises in BP above threshold pressure were similar in NTR and SHR although the threshold pressure was some...
Echocardiographic diagnosis of pseudoaneurysm of the left ventricle.
Authors: JRoelandt, MBrand, W BVletter, JNauta, P GHugenholtz
Journal: Circulation (1975)

The echocardiographic features of postinfarction pseudoaneurysm of the left ventricle are described for the first time. Because ultrasound allows the detection of soft-tissue structures in a manner not possible with other diagnostic techniques, the left ventricular wall can be visualized separating the left ventricular cavity from the saccular aneurysm which is delineated by pericardium and/or extracardiac tissue. In addition to these anatomic findings, relevant qualitative hemodynamic data can also be obtained. Echocardiography seems to be a safe and specific method for the diagnosis of left ventricular pseudoaneurysm. It is suggested that echocardiography should be used in the incipeint phase of pseudoaneurysm formation to detect subacute cardiac rupture.
Optimizing the exercise test for pharmacological investigations.
Authors: JMyers, V FFroelicher
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Exercise trials in cardiology are often hindered by inconsistent approaches to exercise testing. These inconsistencies include the choice of exercise protocol, exercise end points, points of analysis, and absence or misuse of gas exchange data. Gas exchange techniques greatly enhance the accuracy with which cardiopulmonary function is assessed by exercise. Commonly used protocols are not always appropriate for all patients or all studies. Both cardiovascular disease and the exercise protocol can have an important impact on the relation between changes in work rate and oxygen uptake. Ramp protocols appear to offer the greatest promise for assessing cardiopulmonary function. Analyzing hemodynamic and gas exchange responses at several points submaximally, in addition to those at peak exercise, can add important information concerning the efficacy of a drug. A great deal of confusion continues to hinder the application of the gas exchange anaerobic threshold, and many of the commonly used testing end points a...
Role of intracellular Na+ in Ca2+ overload and depressed recovery of ventricular function of reperfused ischemic rat hearts. Possible involvement of H+-Na+ and Na+-Ca2+ exchange.
Authors: MTani, J RNeely
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

The roles of H+-Na+ and Na+-Ca2+ exchange in the depression of ventricular function were studied in the reperfused isolated ischemic rat heart. Zero-flow global ischemia was induced for either 15 or 30 minutes and was followed by 30 minutes of aerobic reperfusion. Intracellular Na+ (Na+i) and 45Ca2+ uptake were measured during ischemia and reperfusion. Accumulation of Na+i was modified by prior glycogen depletion and by treatment with amiloride, a H+-Na+ exchange inhibitor, or monensin, a Na+ ionophore. Na+i rose continuously during ischemia and rapidly during the first two minutes of reperfusion. The larger inhibitory effect of amiloride and preischemic glycogen depletion was on Na+i accumulation during reperfusion; this finding suggests that the uptake occurs by H+-Na+ exchange. Reduction of Na+i accumulation by glycogen depletion was associated with less lactate and, presumably, H+ production and accumulation during ischemia. The rapid increase in Na+i during early reperfusion may reflect the readjustm...
Preconditioning causes improved wall motion as well as smaller infarcts after transient coronary occlusion in rabbits.
Authors: M VCohen, G SLiu, J MDowney
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDA brief coronary occlusion before a more prolonged occlusion results in less myocardial infarction than the longer occlusion alone. However, the effects of this preconditioning on recovery of systolic function after coronary occlusion have not been determined.METHODS AND RESULTSUltrasonic crystals implanted in rabbit myocardium measured segment length in the distribution of a branch of the left coronary artery that was fitted with a snare occluder. Rabbits were randomly allocated to either nonpreconditioned or preconditioned groups. Rabbits in the latter group underwent preconditioning with a 5-minute coronary occlusion followed by 10 minutes of reperfusion. Then the coronary artery was occluded for 20 minutes in all rabbits, after which it was allowed to reperfuse for 90 minutes. The hearts were then excised, and infarct size was measured by staining with triphenyltetrazolium chloride. During coronary occlusion, all hearts except one demonstrated either akinesis or paradoxical bulging. Five min...
Does a Second Reading Of a Capsule Endoscopy Increase Diagnostic Yield?
Authors: G Blanco-Velasco, OM Solórzano-Pineda, LF García-Contreras, C Martínez-Camacho, OV Hernández-Mondragón, E Murcio-Pérez, JM Blancas-Valencia
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Diagnostic yield (DY) of capsule endoscopy (CE) has a wide range (44.2 % in occult bleeding to 92.3 % in active bleeding) with a moderate to substantial interobserver agreement among experts (kappa 0.48-0.61). False negatives of CE are around 9 %. The intention of this study is to identify whether a second CE reading by another endoscopist can increase DY.
Cardiovascular neural regulation explored in the frequency domain.
Authors: AMalliani, MPagani, FLombardi, SCerutti
Journal: Circulation (1991)

A consistent link appears to exist between predominance of vagal or sympathetic activity and predominance of HF or LF oscillations, respectively: RR variability contains both of these rhythms, and their relative powers appear to subserve a reciprocal relation like that commonly found in sympathovagal balance. In this respect, it is our opinion that rhythms and neural components always interact, just like flexor and extensor tones or excitatory and inhibitory cardiovascular reflexes, and that it is misleading to separately consider vagal and sympathetic modulations of heart rate. In humans and experimental animals, functional states likely to be accompanied by an increased sympathetic activity are characterized by a shift of the LF-HF balance in favor of the LF component; the opposite occurs during presumed increases in vagal activity. In addition, LF oscillation evaluated from SAP variability appears to be a convenient marker of the sympathetic modulation of vasomotor activity. Although based on indirect ...
Microvascular changes in the heart during chronic arterial hypertension.
Authors: G ALaine
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

Changes of myocardial microvascular permeability in chronic renovascular arterial hypertension were studied. Hypertension was induced in dogs utilizing a one-kidney, one-clip Goldblatt model. Systemic arterial pressure, coronary sinus pressure, systemic venous pressure, myocardial lymph flow rate, myocardial interstitial fluid pressure, and the lymph-to-plasma protein concentration ratio for total plasma proteins and for beta-lipoprotein (CL/CP) were determined in control animals and 4-6 weeks following the Goldblatt procedure in hypertensive animals. Control values for the normotensive animals were 123 +/- 17 mm Hg, 7.3 +/- 1.3 mm Hg, 2.5 +/- 2.1 mm Hg, 3.1 +/- 2.1 ml/hr, 14.9 +/- 3.1 mm Hg, 0.82, and 0.33, respectively, while control values for the chronically hypertensive dogs were 160 +/- 20 mm Hg, 7.8 +/- 1.9 mm Hg, 2.9 +/- 2.5 mm Hg, 10.5 +/- 2.5 ml/hr, 24.8 +/- 3.7 mm Hg, 0.87, and 0.31, respectively. Under control conditions, myocardial lymph flow rate was significantly higher in the hypertensive ...
Effectiveness of Right Heart Catheterization: Time for a Randomized Trial
Authors: Robert Schlichtig
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Right heart catheters are used to measure cardiac output, which is a global (as opposed to individual tissue) measure of whole-body delivery and to estimate left ventricular filling pressure. It is difficult to escape the conclusion that RHCs are often essential for diagnosing the cause of unexpected hypotension (oligemic, cardiogenic, distributive, obstructive).<sup>1</sup>However, when it comes to decisions regarding long-term therapy, it is equally difficult to escape the conclusion that there is currently no consensus regarding "critical" or "optimal" RHC values.<sup>2</sup>In fact, the concept of a "critical" whole-body delivery value may be flawed for the simple reason that cardiac output is too crude a measure of flow to an individual tissue. For example, flow distal to a critical arterial stenosis cannot be improved by increasing cardiac output, unless this increase is accompanied by an increase in blood pressure. Likewise, flow to ischemic viscera during sepsis may not
Anomalous origin of left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery with ventricular septal defect.
Authors: W WPinsky, P CGillette, D FDuff, NWanderman, J HMorriss, C EMullins, D GMcNamara
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Only two cases have been reported previously of the association of ventricular septal defect (VSD) with anomalous origin of the left coronary artery (ALCA) arising from the pulmonary artery. The purpose of this paper is to present two additional cases, to describe the pathophysiology, and to emphasize how the clinical course of this combination of defects differs from that of isolated ALCA. Patients with both of these anomalies present in infancy with manifestations only of a large left-right ventricular shunt and pulmonary hypertension. Initially the ALCA is well perfused from the high pressure in the pulmonary artery. In these instances in which the pulmonary artery pressure subsequently decreased because of spontaneous reduction in size of the VSD, the left coronary arterial system became less well perfused. Because of this decreased perfusion in association with the left ventricular myocardial stress initially caused by volume overload, myocardial ischemia and ultimately infarction occurred. Early ide...
Shall The Journal be Removed to Washington?
Authors: N. Senn
Journal: JAMA (1891)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The Journal, has the most favorable geographical and business location that could be found in the United States.The Journalhas been a success from the very beginning, and has a history of which its friends may well be proud. It has appeared regularly, and its pages have always been filled with matter that deserves to be read by every progressive physician. The editorials compare well with those of any medical journal published in the East. I am satisfied that if the future location ofThe Journalwould be left to a vote of every member of the American Medical Association as it should be, nine out of every ten votes would be cast for Chicago. If our brethren in the East wish to makeThe Journalwhat every member and the Supervising Editor wants it to be, let them contribute scientific articles for its columns,
Neuropeptide Y modulates vasoconstriction in coronary microvessels in the beating canine heart.
Authors: TKomaru, KAshikawa, HKanatsuka, NSekiguchi, TSuzuki, TTakishima
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

The purpose of this study was to determine whether neuropeptide Y has a direct vasoconstrictor effect at low doses, mimicking the physiological plasma concentration on the specific site(s) of coronary arterial microvessels in in situ beating canine left ventricles. Coronary microvessels were directly observed by means of an intravital microscope and video system equipped with a floating objective. Epi-illuminated fluorescence coronary microangiography was performed in open-chest anesthetized dogs (n = 14) to examine the changes in internal diameter of epimyocardial arterial microvessels. Flow velocity of fluorescently labeled microshperes in capillaries was also measured (n = 6). To eliminate secondary effects of neuropeptide Y on coronary microvessels via autonomic nervous modulation, experiments were conducted under pharmacological blockade of the regional autonomic nervous system by intracoronary injection of propranolol, 50 micrograms/kg; phentolamine, 100 micrograms/kg; and atropine, 5 micrograms/kg....
Trends in congenital heart disease in Dallas County births. 1971-1984.
Authors: D EFixler, PPastor, MChamberlin, ESigman, C WEifler
Journal: Circulation (1990)

To examine the changes in birth cohort prevalence rates and severity of congenital heart disease, we studied children with congenital heart disease born to blacks, whites, and Mexican-Americans in Dallas County from 1971 through 1984. Diagnoses were made by pediatric cardiologists' clinical evaluations, echocardiography, catheterization, surgery, or autopsy. During this study period, 2,509 of 379,561 liveborn infants were diagnosed, a prevalence rate of 6.6/1000. The rates for whites was significantly higher than for blacks or Mexican-Americans--7.2/1,000, 5.6/1,000, and 5.9/1,000, respectively. The rate for severe cases requiring cardiac catheterization or surgery or undergoing autopsy was 3.1/1,000 and did not differ among the three groups. The time trend for rates of congenital heart disease suggested an apparent increase in prevalence rate during the 1970s; however, the prevalence rate of severe forms remained relatively stable. This indicates that the apparent rise in prevalence could be accounted fo...
Physiological early diastolic intraventricular pressure gradient is lost during acute myocardial ischemia.
Authors: MCourtois, S JKovács, P ALudbrook
Journal: Circulation (1990)

A consistent pattern of intraventricular regional pressure gradients exists under physiological conditions during the rapid filling phase of diastole in the normal dog left ventricle. We hypothesized that this pressure gradient pattern is caused, in part, by early diastolic recoil of the left ventricular walls in conjunction with release of elastic potential energy stored during systole, generating suction and thus contributing to diastolic filling. If so, any condition that interferes with normal regional systolic function might be expected to modify the pattern of the normal early diastolic intraventricular pressure gradients. Accordingly, the present study was designed to determine whether acutely induced regional systolic left ventricular mechanical dysfunction is accompanied by changes in the pattern of the early diastolic intraventricular pressure gradients. Acute myocardial ischemia was induced by balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) in nine anesthetized closed-ch...
Studies of White Cell, Platelet, and Coagulation Activation with Plerixafor Administration in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Petra Pham, Mihaela Barbu-Stevanovic, June Greenberg, Danielle Guarneri, Beau Mitchell, Caterina Minniti, Mohandas Narla, Karina Yazdanbakhsh, Tsiporah B. Shore, Farid Boulad, Michel Sadelain, Patricia Shi
Journal: Blood (2017)
Assessment of regional myocardial blood flow and regional fractional oxygen extraction in dogs, using 15O-water and 15O-hemoglobin.
Authors: J AParker, G ABeller, BHoop, B LHolman, T WSmith
Journal: Circulation Research (1978)

A new approach to the assessment of regional myocardial blood flow and fractional oxygen extraction has been developed using 15O-water (H2-15O) and 15O-hemoglobin (15O-Hb). Bolus doses (1 mCi) of H2-15O and 15O-Hb were injected 10 minutes apart into the left main coronary artery of 12 normal dogs. Sequential images of regional myocardial tracer clearance were obtained over 5 minutes with a positron camera. Myocardial blood flow calculated from the monoexponential washout of H2-15O after background correction was 78 +/- 6 (SE) ml/100 g per min. Functional images of regional blood flow in which the image of peak activity was divided by the integrated image of H2-15O washout were derived by computer processing. These images demonstrated homogeneous blood flow in the normal myocardium. Fractional myocardial O2 extraction was determined from an image of initial distribution of O2 used (obtained by extrapolating back to time zero the series of images obtained after 15O-Hb administration), divided by initial dis...
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: new targets and novel therapies
Authors: Bruce D. Cheson, Grzegorz Nowakowski, Gilles Salles
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2021)

Abstract Newer, more effective and non-cytotoxic therapies are an unmet need for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and other B-cell malignancies. Recently approved agents include polatuzumab with bendamustine and rituximab, selinexor, and tafasitamab plus lenalidomide. Three CAR-T cell products are currently approved by the FDA, with others in clinical trials. Additional agents in development include bispecific antibodies and antibody drug conjugates. Combinations of targeted therapies should lead to further improvement in the outcome of patients with B-cell malignancies.
Response of superficial proximal convoluted tubule to decreased and increased renal perfusion pressure. In vivo microperfusion study in rats.
Authors: YKinoshita, F GKnox
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

Although urinary sodium excretion is positively influenced by acute changes in renal perfusion pressure, micropuncture studies show highly conflicting results concerning the response of superficial proximal tubule sodium reabsorption to changes in renal perfusion pressure. In the present study, the changes of superficial proximal reabsorption to decreased and increased renal perfusion pressure were determined in rats by an in vivo microperfusion method. In vivo microperfusion was selected as the method to determine the proximal sodium reabsorption because this method made it possible to deliver a constant fluid and electrolyte load to the proximal tubule without the influence of possible changes of glomerular filtration rate. Renal perfusion pressure was decreased from normal pressure by inflating a suprarenal aortic cuff and was increased from the normal level by the occlusion of celiac and mesenteric arteries and the infrarenal aorta. Although fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) in the urine was decre...