tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mushroom allergy
Authors: A. Koivikko, J. Savolainen
Journal: Allergy (1988)

The overall extent of mushroom allergy is not known. It may be very slight (1%) from eating, but could, alternatively, be as prevalent as pollen and mould allergy (10-30% of an allergic population). Aerospora of mushrooms and other woodland fungi, mostly basidiospores, occur in temperature zones in June to November, reaching maximum in August and September in quantities comparable to pollen and mould spores. There are large local and annual variations in species and spore concentrations in different milieus. In SPT and BPT studies about two dozen of these species have been associated with inhalant type I allergy. All species studied so far have yielded positive results. Mushroom allergens have been explored in only two studies. These show that mushrooms are antigenically rich and that a species can have more than one allergen. The difficulties of mushroom allergen research are very substantial because one usually has to rely on naturally growing mushrooms, where allergenic contamination by other allergen sources is frequent. Choice and recognition of species is also difficult. Virtually all known allergenic mushrooms and fungi are universal, growing equally well in Europe and North America. The genus Chlorophyllum occurs only in North America, but its close relatives of the genus Macrolepiota are common also in Europe. Podaxis grows only in desert regions near the equator and is not found in Europe. The majority of the large and more common universal mushroom families has not yet been investigated. The allergenicity of families Cortinariaceae, Russulaceae, Lactariaceae and Boletaceae is totally obscure even though they produce large quantities of spores in the air, particularly in northern Europe.
Abstract 14906: Is Left Ventricular Area Strain obtained by Three-dimensional Ultrasound Speckle Tracking Imaging Useful in Assessing the Magnitudes of Inertia Force of Late Systolic Aortic Flow and Left Ventricular Elastic Recoil?
Authors: Kazuaki Wakami, Nobuyuki Ohte, Takafumi Nakayama, Takafumi Kato, Tomonori Sugiura, Hiroshi Fujita, Toshihiko Goto, Hidekatsu Fukuta, Tomomitsu Tani, Genjiro Kimura
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: The inertia force (IF) of the blood flowing out of left ventricle at late systole augments left ventricular (LV) elastic recoil. Preserved LV apical wall motion is substantial to give I...
Pretreatment Tissue TCR Repertoire Evenness Is Associated with Complete Pathologic Response in Patients with NSCLC Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemoimmunotherapy
Authors: Marta Casarrubios, Alberto Cruz-Bermúdez, Ernest Nadal, Amelia Insa, María del Rosario García Campelo, Martín Lázaro, Manuel Dómine, Margarita Majem, Delvys Rodríguez-Abreu, Alex Martínez-Martí, Javier de Castro-Carpeño, Manuel Cobo, Guillermo López-Vivanco, Edel Del Barco, Reyes Bernabé Caro, Nuria Viñolas, Isidoro Barneto Aranda, Santiago Viteri, Bartomeu Massuti, Miguel Barquín, Raquel Laza-Briviesca, Belén Sierra-Rodero, Edwin R. Parra, Beatriz Sanchez-Espiridion, Pedro Rocha, Humam Kadara, Ignacio I. Wistuba, Atocha Romero, Virginia Calvo, Mariano Provencio
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract Purpose: Characterization of the T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire may be a promising source for predictive biomarkers of pathologic response to immunotherapy in locally advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Experimental Design: In this study, next-generation TCR sequencing was performed in peripheral blood and tissue samples of 40 patients with NSCLC, before and after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (NADIM clinical trial, NCT03081689), considering their complete pathologic response (CPR) or non-CPR. Beyond TCR metrics, tissue clones were ranked by their frequency and spatiotemporal evolution of top 1% clones was determined. Results: We have found a positive association between an uneven TCR repertoire in tissue samples at diagnosis and CPR at surgery. Moreover, TCR most frequently ranked clones (top 1%) present in diagnostic biopsies occupied greater frequency in the total clonal space of CPR patients, achieving an AUC ROC to identify CPR patients of 0.967 (95% confidence interval, 0.897–1.000; P = 0.001), and improving the results of PD-L1 tumor proportion score (TPS; AUC = 0.767; P = 0.026) or tumor mutational burden (TMB; AUC = 0.550; P = 0.687). Furthermore, tumors with high pretreatment top 1% clonal space showed similar immune cell populations but a higher immune reactive gene expression profile. Finally, the selective expansion of pretreatment tissue top 1% clones in peripheral blood of CPR patients suggests also a peripheral immunosurveillance, which could explain the high survival rate of these patients. Conclusions: We have identified two parameters derived from TCR repertoire analysis that could outperform PD-L1 TPS and TMB as predictive biomarkers of CPR after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy, and unraveled possible mechanisms of CPR involving enhanced tumor immunogenicity and peripheral immunosurveillance.
P-22 Role of timing to laparoscopic or robotic surgery after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer: The TiMiSNAR trial
Authors: I. Monsellato, E. Cassinotti, L. Boni, U. Elmore, R. Delpini, R. Rosati, R. Perinotti, F. Alongi, G. Ruffo, G. Pernazza, A. Cruccu, F. Pulighe, C. De Nisco, E. Morpurgo, T. Contardo, D. Cavaliere, L. Solaini, A. Surgo, N. De Angelis, A. Fiorentino, S. Orecchia
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Predictive values for different cancers and inflammatory bowel disease of 6 common abdominal symptoms among more than 1.9 million primary care patients in the UK: A cohort study
Authors: Annie Herbert, Meena Rafiq, Tra My Pham, Cristina Renzi, Gary A. Abel, Sarah Price, Willie Hamilton, Irene Petersen, Georgios Lyratzopoulos
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2021)

Background The diagnostic assessment of abdominal symptoms in primary care presents a challenge. Evidence is needed about the positive predictive values (PPVs) of abdominal symptoms for different cancers and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods and findings Using data from The Health Improvement Network (THIN) in the United Kingdom (2000–2017), we estimated the PPVs for diagnosis of (i) cancer (overall and for different cancer sites); (ii) IBD; and (iii) either cancer or IBD in the year post-consultation with each of 6 abdominal symptoms: dysphagia ( n = 86,193 patients), abdominal bloating/distension ( n = 100,856), change in bowel habit ( n = 106,715), rectal bleeding ( n = 235,094), dyspepsia ( n = 517,326), and abdominal pain ( n = 890,490). The median age ranged from 54 (abdominal pain) to 63 years (dysphagia and change in bowel habit); the ratio of women/men ranged from 50%:50% (rectal bleeding) to 73%:27% (abdominal bloating/distension). Across all studied symptoms, the risk of diagnosis of cancer and the risk of diagnosis of IBD were of similar magnitude, particularly in women, and younger men. Estimated PPVs were greatest for change in bowel habit in men (4.64% cancer and 2.82% IBD) and for rectal bleeding in women (2.39% cancer and 2.57% IBD) and lowest for dyspepsia (for cancer: 1.41% men and 1.03% women; for IBD: 0.89% men and 1.00% women). Considering PPVs for specific cancers, change in bowel habit and rectal bleeding had the highest PPVs for colon and rectal cancer; dysphagia for esophageal cancer; and abdominal bloating/distension (in women) for ovarian cancer. The highest PPVs of abdominal pain (either sex) and abdominal bloating/distension (men only) were for non-abdominal cancer sites. For the composite outcome of diagnosis of either cancer or IBD, PPVs of rectal bleeding exceeded the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE)-recommended specialist referral threshold of 3% in all age–sex strata, as did PPVs of abdominal pain, change in bowel habit, and dyspepsia, in those aged 60 years and over. Study limitations include reliance on accuracy and completeness of coding of symptoms and disease outcomes. Conclusions Based on evidence from more than 1.9 million patients presenting in primary care, the findings provide estimated PPVs that could be used to guide specialist referral decisions, considering the PPVs of common abdominal symptoms for cancer alongside that for IBD and their composite outcome (cancer or IBD), taking into account the variable PPVs of different abdominal symptoms for different cancers sites. Jointly assessing the risk of cancer or IBD can better support decision-making and prompt diagnosis of both conditions, optimising specialist referrals or investigations, particularly in women.
25407 Atopic dermatitis web apps: Tethered tools to support patients and providers in shared decision-making, self-management, and therapy access
Authors: Peter A. Lio, Pamela P. Fantus, Paula J. Eichenbrenner, Marykate Nelson, Kristina I. Fajardo, Laura C. Simone, Jeffrey D. Carter
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2021)
Lung Inflammation, NETosis, and the Pulmonary Initiation of Anti–Citrullinated Protein Antibody Response: What Came First, the Chicken or the Egg?
Authors: Jeremy Sokolove
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2021)

Multiple recent lines of evidence suggest that, at least in some patients, RA-associated autoimmunity and inflammation may originate in the lung (1, 2). However, what exactly is/are the initiating event(s), and the sequence of subsequent events, is not fully defined. In this issue of A&R, Okumoto et al (insert new reference), make the intriguing finding that individuals at risk of developing RA have an increased spontaneous neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in sputum, in particular NETs containing citH3, and that these levels associate with presence of IgA ACPA. Such evidence has previously been reported, but the new data presented begins to paint a somewhat revised and enhanced storyline by investigating the pathway of mediation underlying these associations.
Validity of Using Billing Codes From Electronic Health Records to Estimate Skin Cancer Counts
Authors: Nimay Anand, LaVar Edwards, Laura X. Baker, Mary-Margaret Chren, Lee Wheless
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2021)

Patients can develop multiple skin cancers, and their medical data can be spread over multiple health care systems. This fragmented care, combined with the lack of skin cancer registries, has limited our ability both to provide accurate estimates of incidence and to study the pathogenesis of multiple skin cancers.To assess whether standard diagnostic and procedural codes present in the electronic health records at a single health care system are a valid proxy for estimating the number of overall skin cancers.Retrospective cohort study of patients seen at a single-center tertiary care hospital (ie, Vanderbilt University Medical Center) between July 1, 2008, and June 30, 2018. All patients with at least 1 electronic health record-based diagnostic or procedural code for any skin cancer and at least 1 pathology report of a skin cancer.The number of International Classification of Disease (ICD) or Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes relating to skin cancer.Pearson correlation coefficient and R2 were calculated for the total number of ICD or CPT codes for skin cancer and histologically verified skin cancers.In this cohort study of 35 901 patients, the mean (SD) age was 70.4 (14.4) years, 20 404 (56.8%) were men, and 31 623 (88.1%) were White individuals. Of these patients, 6307 had at least 1 ICD or CPT code or pathology report for a skin cancer, of whom 5688 patients had both a CPT code related to skin malignancy and a histologically verified skin cancer. There was a strong linear correlation between the number of CPT codes and pathology records (r = 0.87). There was a poor correlation between the number of ICD codes and pathology records (r = 0.22).This cohort study found that the use of ICD codes was a poor proxy measure for the number of skin cancers per patient. In contrast, CPT codes accounted for more than 75% of the variability in the number of skin cancers (R2 = 0.76) and were a better proxy measure for the total number of skin cancers per patient.
In hospitalized patients with substance use disorders, the NavSTAR service model reduced readmission at 1 y
Authors: Mat Rose
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2021)

Source Citation Gryczynski J, Nordeck CD, Welsh C, et al. Preventing hospital readmission for patients with comorbid substance use disorder: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2021;174:899-909. 33819055
Formyl peptide receptor 1 signaling potentiates inflammatory brain injury
Authors: Zhiguo Li, Yulin Li, Jinrui Han, Zilong Zhu, Minshu Li, Qiang Liu, Yongjun Wang, Fu-Dong Shi
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2021)

Acute brain insults elicit pronounced inflammation that amplifies brain damage in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We profiled perihematomal tissue from patients with ICH, generating a molecular landscape of the injured brain, and identified formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) as the most abundantly increased damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) receptor, predominantly expressed by microglia. Circulating mitochondrial N-formyl peptides, endogenous ligands of FPR1, were augmented and correlated with the magnitude of brain edema in patients with ICH. Interactions of formyl peptides with FPR1 activated microglia, boosted neutrophil recruitment, and aggravated neurological deficits in two mouse models of ICH. We created an FPR1 antagonist T-0080 that can penetrate the brain and bind both human and murine FPR1. T-0080 attenuated brain edema and improved neurological outcomes in ICH models. Thus, FPR1 orchestrates brain inflammation after ICH and could be targeted to improve clinical outcome in patients.
PPM1D Mutations and up Modulation Phenocopy TP53 Lesions in Myeloid Neoplasms
Authors: Reem Elagooz, Mai Aly, Cassandra M. Hirsch, Bartlomiej P. Przychodzen, Teodora Kuzmanovic, Tomas Radivoyevitch, Valeria Visconte, Sudipto Mukherjee, Hetty E. Carraway, Mikkael A. Sekeres, Aziz Nazha, Jaroslaw P. Maciejewski, Yasunobu Nagata
Journal: Blood (2017)
c-Src regulatory role of NOX5 activation and hypertension: a new piece of the puzzle
Authors: Stephanie Cicalese, Satoru Eguchi
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2021)

This editorial refers to ‘Central role of c-Src in NOX5-mediated redox signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells in human hypertension’ by L.L. Camargo et al., doi:10.1093/cvr/cvab171. NAPDH oxidases (NOXs) generate free radicals (O2−) that are converted to H2O2, OH− and eventually water under basal oxidation–reduction conditions. However, in some pathological conditions such as hypertension, NOX hyperactivation produces excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to alterations in downstream signalling molecules which may contribute to cellular dysfunction and disease. Recent elucidation of NOX5 and dual oxidase 1/DUOX1 crystal structure1,2 has allowed for better understanding of electron transfer and regulatory elements compared to other NOXs (Table 1). NOX5 is set apart from other NAPDH oxidases. It is expressed in human but not rodent tissue, is not N-glycosylated, does not require p22phox for its activation nor any other NAPDH oxidase subunits,...
Machine learning predicts 3D printing performance of over 900 drug delivery systems
Authors: Brais Muñiz Castro, Moe Elbadawi, Jun Jie Ong, Thomas Pollard, Zhe Song, Simon Gaisford, Gilberto Pérez, Abdul W. Basit, Pedro Cabalar, Alvaro Goyanes
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2021)
P-92 The neuroendocrine tumor diagnostic process and the role of gastrointestinal specialists
Authors: S. Leyden, M. McDonnell, C. Bouvier, M. Pavel, H. Singh, J. Howe, D. O’Toole, D. Van Genechten, S. Dureja, C. Rodien-Louw, T. Kolarova, E. Gellerman
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
SO-19 A multicenter phase Ⅱ trial of trifluridine/tipiracil in combination with cetuximab in RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer patients refractory to prior anti-EGFR antibody therapy: The WJOG8916G trial
Authors: T. Masuishi, N. Izawa, N. Takahashi, H. Shoji, Y. Yamamoto, T. Matsumoto, K. Sugiyama, T. Kajiwara, K. Kawakami, N. Aomatsu, C. Kondoh, H. Kawakami, N. Takegawa, T. Esaki, Y. Narita, H. Hara, Y. Sunakawa, N. Boku, T. Moriwaki, M. Shimokawa, T. Nakajima, K. Muro
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
The efficacy and safety of dupilumab in Chinese patients with moderate‐to‐severe atopic dermatitis: a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study*
Authors: Y. Zhao, L. Wu, Q. Lu, X. Gao, X. Zhu, X. Yao, L. Li, W. Li, Y. Ding, Z. Song, L. Liu, N. Dang, C. Zhang, X. Liu, J. Gu, J. Wang, S. Geng, Q. Liu, Y. Guo, L. Dong, H. Su, L. Bai, J.T. O’Malley, J. Luo, E. Laws, L. Mannent, M. Ruddy, N. Amin, A. Bansal, T. Ota, M. Wang, J. Zhang
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2021)

Background Dupilumab is an antibody against interleukin-4 receptor α, used in the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD). Objectives To evaluate the efficacy and safety of dupilumab in adult Chinese patients with moderate-to-severe AD. Methods In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, phase III study, conducted between December 2018 and February 2020, patients with AD received dupilumab (300 mg) or placebo once every 2 weeks for 16 weeks, and were followed up for 12 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was the proportion of patients with both an Investigator's Global Assessment score of 0–1 and a reduction from baseline of ≥ 2 points at week 16. Results Overall, 165 patients (mean age 30·6 years; 71·5% male patients) were randomized; 82 patients were randomized to dupilumab and 83 patients were randomized to placebo. At week 16, 26·8% of patients in the dupilumab group and 4·8% of patients in the placebo group achieved the primary endpoint [difference 22·0%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 11·37–32·65; P < 0·001]. Compared with placebo, higher proportions of patients in the dupilumab group achieved ≥ 75% reduction in the Eczema Area and Severity Index score (57·3% vs. 14·5%; difference 42·9%, 95% CI 29·75–55·97; P < 0·001) and had ≥ 3-point (52·4% vs. 9·6%; difference 42·8%, 95% CI 30·26–55·34; P < 0·001) and ≥ 4-point (39·0% vs. 4·8%; difference 34·2%, 95% CI 22·69–45·72; P < 0·001) reductions in weekly average daily peak daily pruritus numerical rating scale scores. The incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events during the treatment period was similar in the two groups. The incidence of conjunctivitis, allergic conjunctivitis and injection site reaction was higher in the dupilumab group than in the placebo group. Conclusions In adult Chinese patients, dupilumab was effective in improving the signs and symptoms of AD and demonstrated a favourable safety profile.
Abstract 17849: Additional Use of Methotrexate Improved Clinical Findings and Metabolic Profile in Patients with Cardiac Sarcoidosis Refractory to Corticosteroids
Authors: Yoshikazu Yazaki, Toshimasa Seki, Mitsuaki Horigome, Minoru Hongo, Uichi Ikeda
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background. Corticosteroids are indicated in cardiac sarcoidosis (CS). However, some patients worsen clinically despite corticosteroid treatment, and are suffering from steroid-related side effects. Methotrexate (MTX) is one of the most commonly used cytotoxic agents and has steroid-sparing effects for autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, aniti-inflammatory property of this agent may affect the pathogenesis of chronic heart failure. We hypothesized that MTX has a potential to improve clinical findings and reduce side effects of corticosteroids in patients with refractory CS. Methods. Out of 30 ambulatory CS patients treated with corticosteroids, we added MTX in combination with maintenance dose of corticosteroids for 7 patients who were suffering from relapse or deterioration and steroid-related side effects such as poorly controlled diabetes, osteoporosis or psychosis. All of the 7 were treated with 7.5mg of MTX once a week. A mean duration of corticosteroid treatment in the 7 patients was 61 months (32 to 95 months). Results. During a mean follow-up of 30 (12 to 46) months, no cardiac event and no major side effect occurred. The addition of MTX reduced maintenance steroid doses without further deterioration (8.3±3.4 to 6.4±2.2mg, p&lt;0.05) during the follow-up periods. Although LVEF was not significantly increased, plasma BNP level was significantly decrease from 120±106 to 75±68pg/ml (p&lt;0.05). There were significant improvements in diabetes (HbA1c:7.6±1.9 to 7.2±2.0%, p&lt;0.05) and lipid profile (Triglyceride levels: 226±124 to 167±118mg/dl, p&lt;0.05). Increased uptake of 99m Tc-sestamibi and decreased uptake of 67 Ga in the myocardium were clearly observed in 2 patients after the addition of MTX. Conclusion. MTX is safe and helpful in combination with corticosteroids improving clinical findings, allowing for lower steroid doses, and reducing side effects of corticosteroids in patients with CS.
Abstract 8812: Direct Renin Inhibitor Ameliorates Insulin Resistance by Improving Insulin Signaling in the Skeletal Muscle in Experimental Post-Infarct Heart Failure
Authors: Arata Fukushima, Shintaro Kinugawa, Takashi Yokota, Sobrin A Mochamad, Masashige Takahashi, Tsuneaki Homma, Tadashi Suga, Shingo Takada, Yoshihiro Masaki, Tomoyasu Kadoguchi, Kouichi Okita, Hiroyuki Tsutsui
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background Insulin resistance has been shown to occur as a consequence of heart failure (HF). The activation of renin-angiotensin system may play an important role in this phenomenon. We thus investigated the effects of direct renin inhibitor, aliskiren, on the insulin resistance and the insulin signaling in the skeletal muscle from experimental HF after myocardial infarction (MI). Methods MI was created in male C57BL/6J mice by ligating the left coronary artery, and sham operation was also performed. Mice were divided into 4 groups; sham-operated (sham, n=10), sham treated with aliskiren (10mg/kg/day, n=10), MI (n=10), and MI treated with aliskiren (MI+Ali, n=10). After 4 weeks, echocardiographic and hemodynamic measurements were performed. Plasma glucose levels after intraperitoneal glucose or insulin load were measured. Proteins regulating insulin signaling were measured in the lower extremity skeletal muscle tissues by Western blot analysis. The lucigenin chemiluminescence elicited by •O 2 - and NAD(P)H oxidase activities were also measured in the skeletal muscle. Results Heart rate and aortic blood pressure were not affected by aliskiren in either group. MI mice showed left ventricular (LV) dilatation, dysfunction and an increase in LV end-diastolic pressure, which were not affected by aliskiren. Infarct size was comparable between MI and MI+Ali. Plasma glucose levels at baseline and after glucose load did not differ among groups. However, the decrease in plasma glucose after insulin load was smaller in MI than sham (14±5 vs. 36±2 %, p&lt;0.05), and was significantly ameliorated in MI+Ali (34±5 %, p&lt;0.05). Insulin-stimulated serine-phosphorylation of Akt and the translocation of glucose transporter-4 from cytosol to membrane were decreased in MI by 57 and 69 % of sham, respectively, Aliskiren significantly ameliorated them by 86 and 93 % of sham, respectively. Moreover, •O 2 - production and NAD(P)H oxidase activities were increased in MI and this increase was also inhibited in MI+Ali. Such effects of aliskiren were not observed in sham mice. Conclusions Aliskiren ameliorated insulin resistance associated with HF by improving insulin signaling, at least in part, via the inhibition of NAD(P)H oxidase-induced •O 2 - production in the skeletal muscle.