tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Radiation, not enucleation, for choroidal melanoma?
Authors: M. Korcok
Journal: JAMA (1983)

An iridium 192 wire mold that can bracket and irradiate a large malignant melanoma of the choroid may provide an alternative to enucleation of the affected eye. The mold, discussed at the recent annual meeting of the American Society of Therapeutic Radiologists in Orlando, Fla, is being used experimentally at the Princess Margaret Hospital in Toronto. Its present application is in patients whose tumors are too large or inappropriately located to be treated with external beam radiation or cobalt 60 plaques. Generally, large tumors anterior to the equator of the eye are hard to treat effectively with more conventional radiation sources because external radiation from an anterior aspect may damage the lens itself. Clinical physicist Barbara Japp, BSc, told the meeting that the wire mold—surgically implanted over the base of the tumor (which usually is growing pyramid-like into the eye) and left in place for five to seven days—can be
Medicine in the People's Republic of China. A progress report
Authors: E. G. Dimond
Journal: JAMA (1972)

In the Dec 6, 1971, issue ofThe Journal(218:1552-1563), I reported to the profession about medical practice and medical education in the People's Republic of China as I observed it in September 1971. In September 1972 I was again in China as a guest of the Chinese Medical Association. The purpose of this note is to record and update the information. In this present trip I especially asked about the new medical education three-year program, the progress in basic science analysis of acupuncture, and for examples of the successful use of Chinese herbs in organic disease states. Again, as I identified in my previous report, my only claim to usefulness in this role is one of objectivity. I have no ax to grind. Time will verify the accuracy or inaccuracy; my intent is to state clearly my own professional observation and urge my colleagues to be receptive to ideas
Unsupervised physical activity interventions for people with COPD: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: C. Paixão, V. Rocha, D. Brooks, A. Marques
Journal: Pulmonology (2022)

Unsupervised PA interventions might have a role in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) but their effectiveness is largely unknown. Thus, we aimed to identify and synthesise data on the effects of unsupervised PA interventions in people with COPD.
Distribution and Movement of Zinc in Rat Testis
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Delayed abortion in an area of easy accessibility
Authors: W. A. Burr
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Abortions performed late in pregnancy are associated with higher death and complication rates, are more expensive, and are emotionally more taxing for patients and staff than abortions performed early in pregnancy. To examine potential correlates of late abortion, we studied 1,066 women having abortions at two Washington, DC, abortion facilities. We found the following variables to be statistically significantly related to the gestational stage of pregnancy at the time a woman seeks an abortion: history of irregular periods, level of education, type and number of pregnancy symptoms volunteered, moral feelings of the woman about abortion, confided suspicion of pregnancy to another person, knowledge of the legality of abortion, contraceptive use, pregnancy symptoms elicited by professional personnel, and length of time the sexual partner was known. Yet, these variables are responsible for only a small percentage of the problem, since much variation in gestational age was unexplained by our analysis. This result and the finding that most of the important determinants of delay were individually oriented factors strongly imply that the problem of late abortions is one that will not be greatly influenced by public health interventions. (<i>JAMA</i>244:44-48, 1980)
Physicians and American political leadership
Authors: M. G. Jameson
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Physicians have actively participated in the political processes of American democracy throughout the nation's history. The purpose of this study was to compare physicians' participation in public office during the first and second centuries of American democracy. Following the commencement of the US Congress, physicians were active members of the legislative branch. However, physicians' membership in Congress has diminished significantly in modern times. The executive and judicial branches of the federal government have recorded only marginal representation by physicians and none during the 20th century. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:929-930)
Books Received
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Acquired somatic variants in inherited myeloid malignancies
Authors: Hannah Armes, Ana Rio-Machin, Szilvia Krizsán, Csaba Bödör, Fadimana Kaya, Findlay Bewicke-Copley, Jenna Alnajar, Amanda Walne, Borbála Péterffy, Hemanth Tummala, Kevin Rouault-Pierre, Inderjeet Dokal, Tom Vulliamy, Jude Fitzgibbon
Journal: Leukemia (2022)
Film Reviews
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Nonfatal Traumatic Brain Injuries From Sports and Recreation Activities—United States, 2001-2005
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Each year in the United States, an estimated 38 million children and adolescents participate in organized sports, and approximately 170 million adults participate in some type of physical activity not related to work. The health benefits of these activities are tempered by the risk for injury, including traumatic brain injury (TBI). CDC estimates that 1.1 million persons with TBIs are treated and released from U.S. hospital emergency departments (EDs) each year, and an additional 235,000 are hospitalized for these injuries. TBIs can result in long-term, negative health effects (e.g., memory loss and behavioral changes). To characterize sports- and recreation-related (SR-related) TBIs among patients treated in U.S. hospital EDs, CDC analyzed data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System--All Injury Program (NEISS-AIP) for the period 2001-2005. This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicated that an estimated 207,830 patients with nonfatal SR-related TBIs were treated in EDs each year during this period. The highest rates of SR-related TBI ED visits for both males and females occurred among those aged 10-14 years. Increased awareness of TBI risks, prevention strategies, and the importance of timely identification and management is essential for reducing the incidence, severity, and long-term negative health effects of this type of injury.
Film Reviews
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
LONDON
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mindwatching
Authors: Rodney M. J. Cotterill
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract This book delivers much more than its title appears to promise; it is not merely a description of current methods for remotely monitoring brain activity. It primarily concentrates on just one such method: positron emission tomography, but it demonstrates beautifully how far that technique can now take us in the quest to discover the mechanisms underlying thought.
PERINEAL PROSTATECTOMY.
Authors: PARKER SYMS
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Obstructive hypertrophy of the prostate gland causes so much misery and is productive of death in so large a proportion of aged men, that the profession must welcome every advance that is made in our means of treating this serious disease. It is only in recent years that anything more than palliative treatment was applied to this condition, but in the last few years a great many new procedures have been devised, aiming at a more or less radical cure. The most prominent of these are prostatotomy by means of an electro-cautery knife which is known as the Bottini operation, and the various forms of prostatectomy. The author has devoted a good deal of effort and thought to the subject of prostatectomy and has devised a modification of one of the principal methods in vogue whereby he believes the operation has been very much simplified, and he also believes the
Ebola virus persistence and disease recrudescence in the brains of antibody-treated nonhuman primate survivors
Authors: Jun Liu, John C. Trefry, April M. Babka, Christopher W. Schellhase, Kayla M. Coffin, Janice A. Williams, Jo Lynne W. Raymond, Paul R. Facemire, Taylor B. Chance, Neil M. Davis, Jennifer L. Scruggs, Franco D. Rossi, Andrew D. Haddow, Justine M. Zelko, Sandra L. Bixler, Ian Crozier, Patrick L. Iversen, Margaret L. Pitt, Jens H. Kuhn, Gustavo Palacios, Xiankun Zeng
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2022)

Effective therapeutics have been developed against acute Ebola virus disease (EVD) in both humans and experimentally infected nonhuman primates. However, the risk of viral persistence and associated disease recrudescence in survivors receiving these therapeutics remains unclear. In contrast to rhesus macaques that survived Ebola virus (EBOV) exposure in the absence of treatment, we discovered that EBOV, despite being cleared from all other organs, persisted in the brain ventricular system of rhesus macaque survivors that had received monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment. In mAb-treated macaque survivors, EBOV persisted in macrophages infiltrating the brain ventricular system, including the choroid plexuses. This macrophage infiltration was accompanied by severe tissue damage, including ventriculitis, choroid plexitis, and meningoencephalitis. Specifically, choroid plexus endothelium-derived EBOV infection led to viral persistence in the macaque brain ventricular system. This resulted in apoptosis of ependymal cells, which constitute the blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier of the choroid plexuses. Fatal brain-confined recrudescence of EBOV infection manifested as severe inflammation, local pathology, and widespread infection of the ventricular system and adjacent neuropil in some of the mAb-treated macaque survivors. This study highlights organ-specific EBOV persistence and fatal recrudescent disease in rhesus macaque survivors after therapeutic treatment and has implications for the long-term follow-up of human survivors of EVD.
SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: the same virus can cause different cutaneous manifestations: reply from the authors
Authors: C. Galván Casas, A. Català, G. Carretero Hernández, I. García‐Doval
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

DEAR EDITOR, Dr Drago et al. are right to point out that our paper did not provide data on enanthems. 1,2As the data collection form did not include the description of mucous membranes, they might have not been explored in many patients.We have reported and included in the supplementary material a few cases that were noticed by their doctors and were the first descriptions of enanthem in COVID-19.Given the low number of cases and their non-systematic acquisition, we avoided any analysis of these data.We disagree with the suggestion of collecting data for a study and later asking for consent.All the included patients gave informed consent before incorporating their data in the study.We feel that the limitations of this strategy are already highlighted in the discussion of the paper and do not seriously bias the results of the study.Regarding serologic testing, we agree that it could have been useful, but it was not available at the time that the study was done, and diagnosis was made using Polymerase Chain Reaction.We also agree on the discussed hypotheses about coinfection or reactivation and the need for further studies to test them.
Deep learning models for triaging hospital head MRI examinations
Authors: David A. Wood, Sina Kafiabadi, Ayisha Al Busaidi, Emily Guilhem, Antanas Montvila, Jeremy Lynch, Matthew Townend, Siddharth Agarwal, Asif Mazumder, Gareth J. Barker, Sebastien Ourselin, James H. Cole, Thomas C. Booth
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2022)

The growing demand for head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations, along with a global shortage of radiologists, has led to an increase in the time taken to report head MRI scans in recent years. For many neurological conditions, this delay can result in poorer patient outcomes and inflated healthcare costs. Potentially, computer vision models could help reduce reporting times for abnormal examinations by flagging abnormalities at the time of imaging, allowing radiology departments to prioritise limited resources into reporting these scans first. To date, however, the difficulty of obtaining large, clinically-representative labelled datasets has been a bottleneck to model development. In this work, we present a deep learning framework, based on convolutional neural networks, for detecting clinically-relevant abnormalities in minimally processed, hospital-grade axial T2-weighted and axial diffusion-weighted head MRI scans. The models were trained at scale using a Transformer-based neuroradiology report classifier to generate a labelled dataset of 70,206 examinations from two large UK hospital networks, and demonstrate fast (< 5 s), accurate (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) > 0.9), and interpretable classification, with good generalisability between hospitals (ΔAUC ≤ 0.02). Through a simulation study we show that our best model would reduce the mean reporting time for abnormal examinations from 28 days to 14 days and from 9 days to 5 days at the two hospital networks, demonstrating feasibility for use in a clinical triage environment.
Announcements
Authors: Ingrid Agartz, Martin Ingvar, Töres Theorell, Dietmar Winkler, Edda Pjrek, Jochen Kindler, Angela Heiden, Siegfried Kasper, Helen Lazaratou, Dimitris C. Anagnostopoulos, Maria Vlassopoulos, Chara Tzavara, George Zelios, Reza Emdad, Hans Peter Söndergaard, Tomas Björklund, Renato Pasquali, David Bonekamp, Heather L. Urry, Daniel Muller, Melissa A. Rosenkranz, Elliot M. Friedman, Richard J. Davidson, Burton Singer, S. Saarijärvi, J.K. Salminen, T. Toikka, Claire Daban, Anabel Martinez-Aran, Carla Torrent, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, Vicent Balanzá-Martínez, Jose Salazar-Fraile, Gabriel Selva-Vera, Eduard Vieta, Carol D. Ryff, Gayle Dienberg Love, Hui-Xin Wang, Murray A. Mittleman, Constanze Leineweber, Kristina Orth-Gomer
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2006)
There is no psychology without inferential statistics
Authors: Shilaan Alzahawi, Benoît Monin
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2022)

Abstract Quantification has been constitutive of psychology since its inception and is core to its scientific status. The adoption of qualitative methods eschewing inferential statistics is therefore unlikely to obtain. Rather than discarding useful tools because of improper use, we recommend highlighting how inferential statistics can be more thoughtfully applied.
Estimated Costs of Severe Adverse Drug Reactions Resulting in Hospitalization in the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Sherrie L. Aspinall, Michelle Vu, Von Moore, Rong Jiang, Anthony Au, Mark Bounthavong, Peter A. Glassman
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Our study ascertained hospital costs for drug-symptoms pairs, linking spontaneously reported, severe, outpatient ADRs with national, inpatient-level data.This information may be used by decision makers to estimate the cost avoidance of interventions to reduce ADRs (eg, use of a newly developed direct oral anticoagulants dashboard).
Disruption of DNA Repair and Survival Pathways through Heat Shock Protein Inhibition by Onalespib to Sensitize Malignant Gliomas to Chemoradiation Therapy
Authors: Jihong Xu, Pei-Jung Wu, Tzung-Huei Lai, Pratibha Sharma, Alessandro Canella, Alessandra M. Welker, Christine E. Beattie, J. Brad Elder, Michelle Easley, Russell Lonser, Naduparambil K. Jacob, Maciej Pietrzak, Cynthia M. Timmers, Frederick Lang, Deepa Sampath, Vinay K. Puduvalli
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2022)

Proficient DNA repair by homologous recombination (HR) facilitates resistance to chemoradiation in glioma stem cells (GSC). We evaluated whether compromising HR by targeting HSP90, a molecular chaperone required for the function of key HR proteins, using onalespib, a long-acting, brain-penetrant HSP90 inhibitor, would sensitize high-grade gliomas to chemoradiation in vitro and in vivo.The ability of onalespib to deplete HR client proteins, impair HR repair capacity, and sensitize glioblastoma (GBM) to chemoradiation was evaluated in vitro in GSCs, and in vivo using zebrafish and mouse intracranial glioma xenograft models. The effects of HSP90 inhibition on the transcriptome and cytoplasmic proteins was assessed in GSCs and in ex vivo organotypic human glioma slice cultures.Treatment with onalespib depleted CHK1 and RAD51, two key proteins of the HR pathway, and attenuated HR repair, sensitizing GSCs to the combination of radiation and temozolomide (TMZ). HSP90 inhibition reprogrammed the transcriptome of GSCs and broadly altered expression of cytoplasmic proteins including known and novel client proteins relevant to GSCs. The combination of onalespib with radiation and TMZ extended survival in a zebrafish and a mouse xenograft model of GBM compared with the standard of care (radiation and TMZ) or onalespib with radiation.The results of this study demonstrate that targeting HR by HSP90 inhibition sensitizes GSCs to radiation and chemotherapy and extends survival in zebrafish and mouse intracranial models of GBM. These results provide a preclinical rationale for assessment of HSP90 inhibitors in combination with chemoradiation in patients with GBM.
Hydrobromic Acid
Authors: E. Woakes
Journal: BMJ (1877)

the long outside splint and weights, varying from ten pounds to fourteen pounds, the average amount of shortening was more than an inch; in one case, it was two inches; in five, it was one and a half ; in five, it was one; and in two only, was it less than an inch.No case is re- corded in which there was no shortening.This exactly accords with eleven cases reported by Mr. Cooper Forster in the Guy's flosgbilal Report for 1875.Out of seventeen also unselected cases, treated with the Hodgen's splint, the average amount of shortening was considerably less than halfan inch.In two cases, it was one inch, and in all the rest it was less than an inch; six cases being returned without any shortening.