tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a Chronic Pain Screening Program Implemented in Primary Care
Authors: Lauren Bifulco, Daren R. Anderson, Mary L. Blankson, Veena Channamsetty, Jacquelyn W. Blaz, Tam T. Nguyen-Louie, Sarah Hudson Scholle
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

<h3>Importance</h3> Although pain is among the most common symptoms reported by patients, primary care practitioners (PCPs) face substantial challenges identifying and assessing pain. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate a 2-step process for chronic pain screening and follow-up in primary care. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> A cross-sectional study of patients with a primary care visit between July 2, 2018, and June 1, 2019, was conducted at a statewide, multisite federally qualified health center. Participants included 68 PCPs and 58 medical assistants from 13 sites who implemented the screening process in primary care, and 38 866 patients aged 18 years or older with a primary care visit during that time. <h3>Exposures</h3> Single-question assessment of pain frequency, followed by a 3-question PEG (pain, enjoyment of life, general activity) functional assessment for patients with chronic pain. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Adherence to a 2-step chronic pain screening and PEG process, proportion of patients with positive screening results, mean PEG pain severity greater than or equal to 7, and documented chronic painful condition diagnosis in patient's electronic health record between 1 year before and 90 days after screening. <h3>Results</h3> Of 38 866 patients with a primary care visit, 31 600 patients (81.3%) underwent screening. Mean (SD) age was 46.2 (15.4) years, and most were aged 35 to 54 years (12 987 [41.1%]), female (18 436 [58.3%]), Hispanic (14 809 [46.9%]), and English-speaking (22 519 [71.3%]), and had Medicaid insurance (18 442 [58.4%]). A total of 10 262 participants (32.5%) screened positive and, of these, 9701 (94.5%) completed the PEG questionnaire. PEG responses indicated severe pain interference with activities of daily living (PEG ≥7) in 5735 (59.1%) participants. A chronic painful condition had not been diagnosed in 4257 (43.9%) patients in the year before screening. A new chronic painful condition was diagnosed at screening or within 90 days in 2250 (52.9%) patients. Care teams found the workflow acceptable, but cited lengthy administration time, challenges with comprehension of the PEG questions, and limited comprehensiveness as implementation barriers. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> A systematic, 2-step process for chronic pain screening and functional assessment in primary care appeared to identify patients with previously undocumented chronic pain and was feasible to implement. Patient-provided information on the frequency of pain, pain level, and pain interference can help improve the assessment and monitoring of pain in primary care.
The need for feminist intersectionality in digital health
Authors: Caroline A Figueroa, Tiffany Luo, Adrian Aguilera, Courtney R Lyles
Journal: The Lancet Digital Health (2021)

Digital health, including the use of mobile health apps, telemedicine, and data analytics to improve health systems, has surged during the COVID-19 pandemic. The social and economic fallout from COVID-19 has further exacerbated gender inequities, through increased domestic violence against women, soaring unemployment rates in women, and increased unpaid familial care taken up by women—all factors that can worsen women's health. Digital health can bolster gender equity through increased access to health care, empowerment of one's own health data, and reduced burden of unpaid care work. Yet, digital health is rarely designed from a gender equity perspective. In this Viewpoint, we show that because of lower access and exclusion from app design, gender imbalance in digital health leadership, and harmful gender stereotypes, digital health is disadvantaging women—especially women with racial or ethnic minority backgrounds. Tackling digital health's gender inequities is more crucial than ever. We explain our feminist intersectionality framework to tackle digital health's gender inequities and provide recommendations for future research.
Abstract 16153: Clinical Outcomes After Treatment of Coronary Bifurcation Lesions Guided by Fractional Flow Reserve
Authors: Dobrin I Vassilev, Kiril Karamfiloff, Niya Mileva, Pavel Nikolov
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: The benefit of physiology-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of coronary bifurcation lesions requires further evaluation. Hypothesis: Fractional flow reserve (FFR ≤ 0.80)...
MO12-5 Phase III trial of bendamustine plus rituximab for relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in Japan
Authors: Toru Kiguchi, Yasuhito Terui, Koji Izutsu, Yoshihiro Kameoka, Michihiro Hidaka, Harumi Kato, Itaru Matsumura, Junya Kuroda, Kenichi Ishizawa, Satoshi Ichikawa, Kiyoshi Ando, Michinori Ogura, Kensei Tobinai, Koji Fukushima, Kayoko Murayama
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Neutrophils in the era of immune checkpoint blockade
Authors: Julien Faget, Solange Peters, Xavier Quantin, Etienne Meylan, Nathalie Bonnefoy
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2021)

The immune checkpoint blockade-based immunotherapies are revolutionizing cancer management. Tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) were recently highlighted to have a pivotal role in modulating the tumor microenvironment and the antitumor immune response. However, these cells were largely ignored during the development of therapies based on programmed cell death receptor or ligand-1 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Latest evidences of neutrophil functional diversity in tumor raised many questions and suggest that targeting these cells can offer new treatment opportunities in the context of ICI development. Here, we summarized key information on TAN origin, function, and plasticity that should be considered when developing ICIs and provide a detailed review of the ongoing clinical trials that combine ICIs and a second compound that might affect or be affected by TANs. This review article synthetizes important notions from the literature demonstrating that: (1) Cancer development associates with a profound alteration of neutrophil biogenesis and function that can predict and interfere with the response to ICIs, (2) Neutrophil infiltration in tumor is associated with key features of resistance to ICIs, and (3) TANs play an important role in resistance to antiangiogenic drugs reducing their clinical benefit when used in combination with ICIs. Finally, exploring the clinical/translational aspects of neutrophil impact on the response to ICIs offers the opportunity to propose new translational research avenues to better understand TAN biology and treat patients.
Multi‐center analysis of practice patterns and outcomes of younger and older patients with mantle cell lymphoma in the rituximab era
Authors: Reem Karmali, Jeffrey M. Switchenko, Subir Goyal, Krithika Shanmugasundaram, Michael C. Churnetski, Bhaskar Kolla, Veronika Bachanova, James N. Gerson, Stefan K. Barta, Max J. Gordon, Alexey V. Danilov, Natalie S. Grover, Narendranath Epperla, Stephanie Mathews, Madelyn Burkart, Yazeed Sawalha, Brian T. Hill, Nilanjan Ghosh, Steven I. Park, David A. Bond, Kami J. Maddocks, Talha Badar, Timothy S. Fenske, Mehdi Hamadani, Jin Guo, Mary Malecek, Brad S. Kahl, Peter Martin, Kristie A. Blum, Christopher R. Flowers, Jonathon B. Cohen
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2021)

Abstract Clinical outcomes and predictors of survival in patients with newly diagnosed mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) treated in the rituximab era (2000–2015) at 12 US academic centers were assessed to identify determinants of survival across age groups. Objectives were to characterize and compare practice patterns, outcomes and prognostic factors for survival in younger patients (age &lt; 65) and older patients (age ≥ 65 years). Among 1162 patients included, 697 were younger and 465 were older. In younger patients, 2‐year progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 79% and 92% respectively; blastoid histology, ECOG ≥ 2, and lack of maintenance rituximab (MR) remained statistically relevant to poor OS on univariate analysis (UVA) and multivariate analysis (MVA). In older patients, 2‐year PFS and OS rates were 67% and 86% respectively; lack of maintenance rituximab remained significantly associated with inferior PFS and OS on UVA and MVA ( p &lt; 0.001). Two‐year PFS rates were 79%, and 67% and 2‐year OS rates were 92% and 86% for ages &lt; 65 and ≥ 65 respectively ( p &lt; 0.001). First‐line high‐dose cytarabine exposure and/or MR lessened the negative impact of age on survival. Taken collectively, survival outcomes for older patients remain inferior to those of younger patients in the rituximab era. However, maintenance rituximab and potentially high‐dose cytarabine‐based induction can mitigate the negative impact of age on survival.
Further new evidence regarding clipping following colorectal endoscopic mucosal resection
Authors: Eduardo Albéniz
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Delayed bleeding is the most common major complication of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). The mean rate of delayed bleeding after EMR of large (≥ 2 cm) nonpedunculated colorectal lesions (LNPCLs) is between 2.6 % and 9.7 % and the bleeding usually occurs 1–7 days following patient discharge from the endoscopic unit [1].
The RNA-binding protein IGF2BP3 is critical for MLL-AF4-mediated leukemogenesis
Authors: Tiffany M. Tran, Julia Philipp, Jaspal Singh Bassi, Neha Nibber, Jolene M. Draper, Tasha L. Lin, Jayanth Kumar Palanichamy, Amit Kumar Jaiswal, Oscar Silva, May Paing, Jennifer King, Sol Katzman, Jeremy R. Sanford, Dinesh S. Rao
Journal: Leukemia (2021)

Abstract Despite recent advances in therapeutic approaches, patients with MLL-rearranged leukemia still have poor outcomes. Here, we find that the RNA-binding protein IGF2BP3, which is overexpressed in MLL-translocated leukemia, strongly amplifies MLL-Af4-mediated leukemogenesis. Deletion of Igf2bp3 significantly increases the survival of mice with MLL-Af4-driven leukemia and greatly attenuates disease, with a minimal impact on baseline hematopoiesis. At the cellular level, MLL-Af4 leukemia-initiating cells require Igf2bp3 for their function in leukemogenesis. At the molecular level, IGF2BP3 regulates a complex posttranscriptional operon governing leukemia cell survival and proliferation. IGF2BP3-targeted mRNA transcripts include important MLL-Af4-induced genes, such as those in the Hoxa locus, and the Ras signaling pathway. Targeting of transcripts by IGF2BP3 regulates both steady-state mRNA levels and, unexpectedly, pre-mRNA splicing. Together, our findings show that IGF2BP3 represents an attractive therapeutic target in this disease, providing important insights into mechanisms of posttranscriptional regulation in leukemia.
Efficacy and Safety of Sofosbuvir\Ledipasvir Combination or Nitazoxanide in Treatment of COVID-19: A Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: M. Medhat, H. Karam-Allah, A. Al Shafie, M. Salama, D. T. Kamal, H. Sayed, A. M. E. Eldin, M. Badr, M. S. Abd Elghafar, H. E. Esmael, A. I. Ossimi, S. Ezzat, A. Shamseldeen, I. Moaz, S. M. Hassany, S. Abd-Elsalam, E. F. Moustafa, M. El Kassas
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2021)
Seroprevalence of Measles and Mumps Antibodies Among Individuals With Cancer
Authors: Sara R. Marquis, Jennifer K. Logue, Helen Y. Chu, Tillie Loeffelholz, Z. Z. Quinn, Catherine Liu, F. Marc Stewart, Paul A. Carpenter, Steven A. Pergam, Elizabeth M. Krantz
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

<h3>Importance</h3> Although patients with cancer are at an increased risk of infection-related complications, few studies have characterized their vulnerability to measles and mumps. Given the recent outbreaks and increased community vaccine hesitancy, understanding measles and mumps immunity within this population is vital. <h3>Objectives</h3> To identify a point prevalence estimate of protective measles and mumps antibodies among ambulatory patients with cancer. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> In this cross-sectional study, residual clinical plasma samples were obtained from consecutive patients with cancer at Seattle Cancer Care Alliance/Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, Washington, in August 2019. These samples were tested for measles and mumps IgG using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Patients without cancer were excluded from the analysis. <h3>Exposures</h3> Patient age, sex, self-reported race and ethnicity, primary disease, receipt of chemotherapy in the past 30 days before sample collection, hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) history, and date of most recent intravenous immunoglobulin treatment were abstracted from electronic medical records. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Measles and mumps IgG seroprevalence, defined as the proportion of patients with positive antibody test results, was measured overall and among the subgroups. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 959 patients included in the analysis, 510 (53%) were male individuals and the mean (SD) age at sample collection was 60 (15) years. Most patients (576 [60%]) had a malignant solid tumor, and 383 patients (40%) had a hematologic malignant neoplasm; 146 patients (15%) had an HCT history. Overall, the seroprevalence of measles antibodies was 0.75 (95% CI, 0.72-0.78), and the seroprevalence of mumps antibodies was 0.62 (95% CI, 0.59-0.65). The lowest seroprevalences were among patients with a hematologic malignant neoplasm (0.63 for measles and 0.48 for mumps), those with a history of HCT (0.46 for measles and 0.29 for mumps), and those aged 30 to 59 years (0.49-0.63 for measles and 0.41-0.58 for mumps). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this study, 25% of ambulatory patients with cancer lacked protective antibodies for measles and 38% lacked protective antibodies for mumps. Deficits in protective antibodies underscore patients' increased risk during outbreaks and emphasize the need for community-based efforts to increase herd immunity to protect this population.
Lower response to BNT162b2 vaccine in patients with myelofibrosis compared to polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia
Authors: Fulvia Pimpinelli, Francesco Marchesi, Giulia Piaggio, Diana Giannarelli, Elena Papa, Paolo Falcucci, Antonio Spadea, Martina Pontone, Simona Di Martino, Valentina Laquintana, Antonia La Malfa, Enea Gino Di Domenico, Ornella Di Bella, Gianluca Falzone, Fabrizio Ensoli, Branka Vujovic, Aldo Morrone, Gennaro Ciliberto, Andrea Mengarelli
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2021)

Abstract In a population of 42 Philadelphia negative myeloproliferative neoplasm patients, all on systemic active treatment, the likelihood of responding to anti-SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 vaccine at 2 weeks after the second dose was significantly lower in the ten patients with myelofibrosis compared to the 32 with essential thrombocythemia ( n = 17) and polycythemia vera ( n = 15) grouped together, both in terms of neutralizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers and seroprotection rates (32.47 AU/mL vs 217.97 AU/mL, p = 0.003 and 60% vs 93.8%, p = 0.021, respectively). Ruxolitinib, which was the ongoing treatment in five patients with myelofibrosis and three with polycythemia vera, may be implicated in reducing vaccine immunogenicity ( p = 0.076), though large prospective study is needed to address this issue.
Difamilast, a selective phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, ointment in paediatric patients with atopic dermatitis: a phase III randomized double-blind, vehicle-controlled trial
Authors: H. Saeki, N. Baba, K. Ito, D. Yokota, H. Tsubouchi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2021)

In atopic dermatitis (AD), phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibition reduces proinflammatory mediators and cytokines. Difamilast is a new selective PDE4 inhibitor.To demonstrate the superiority of topical difamilast to vehicle in Japanese paediatric patients with AD.This was a phase III randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled trial. Patients aged 2-14 years with an Investigator Global Assessment (IGA) score of 2 or 3 received difamilast 0·3% (n = 83), difamilast 1% (n = 85) or vehicle (n = 83) ointment twice daily for 4 weeks.The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients with an IGA score of 0 or 1 with improvement by at least two grades at week 4. The success rates in IGA score at week 4 were 44·6%, 47·1% and 18·1% in the difamilast 0·3%, difamilast 1% and vehicle groups, respectively. Both difamilast groups demonstrated significantly higher success rates in IGA score compared with vehicle at week 4 [difamilast 0·3% (P < 0·001); difamilast 1% (P < 0·001)]. Regarding secondary endpoints, improvements in Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI; improvement of ≥ 50%, ≥ 75% and ≥ 90% in overall score) at week 4 were significantly higher in patients in the difamilast 0·3% and 1% groups than those in the vehicle group. EASI score in the difamilast 0·3% and 1% groups was significantly reduced compared with that of patients in the vehicle group at week 1. The significant difference between both the difamilast groups and the vehicle groups was maintained from week 1 through to week 4. Most treatment-emergent adverse events were mild or moderate, and no serious events or deaths were reported.Difamilast 0·3% and 1% ointments are superior to vehicle and well tolerated in Japanese paediatric patients with AD.
Erythematoedematous and Sclerotic Plaques in a Man Receiving Systemic Chemotherapy
Authors: Mar Ramírez-Lluch, Eduardo Bernia, Onofre Sanmartín-Jiménez
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2021)

A man with stage IV adenocarcinoma of the lung receiving pemetrexed-pembrolizumab presented with redness and swelling of both lower limbs, and sclerotic changes were seen on the biopsy specimen. What is your diagnosis?
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles ameliorate Alzheimer's disease-like phenotypes in a preclinical mouse model
Authors: Allaura S. Cone, Xuegang Yuan, Li Sun, Leanne C. Duke, Michael P. Vreones, Allison N. Carrier, Stephanie M. Kenyon, Spencer R. Carver, Sarah D. Benthem, Alina C. Stimmell, Shawn C. Moseley, David Hike, Samuel C. Grant, Aaron A. Wilber, James M. Olcese, David G. Meckes
Journal: Theranostics (2021)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disorder that affects more than 44 million people worldwide. Despite the high disease burden, there is no effective treatment for people suffering from AD. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells that have been widely studied due to their therapeutic potential. However, administration of cells has been found to have a multitude of limitations. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from MSCs have been studied as a therapeutic candidate, as they exhibit similar immunoprotective and immunomodulatory abilities as the host human MSCs. Methods: To test the potential therapeutic effects of MSC EVs, human bone-marrow derived MSCs were grown in three-dimensional (3D) cell culture, and small EVs were harvested using differential ultracentrifugation. These small EVs were given to non-transgenic (NT) or 5XFAD (5 familial Alzheimer's disease mutations) mice intranasally (IN) every 4 days for 4 months. The mice were then required to perform a variety of behavioral assays to measure changes in learning and memory. Afterwards, immunohistochemistry was performed on brain slices to measure amyloid beta (Aβ) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) levels. Results: The data revealed that 5XFAD mice that received hMSC-EV treatment behaved significantly better in cognitive tests than saline treated 5XFAD mice, with no significant change between EV-treated 5XFAD mice and NT mice. Additionally, we found lower Aβ plaque load in the hippocampus of the EV-treated mice. Finally, less colocalization between GFAP and Aβ plaques was found in the brain of EV-treated mice compared to saline. Conclusions: Taken together, these data suggest that IN administration of MSC-derived EVs can slow down AD pathogenesis.
Prevention of infant eczema by neonatal Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin vaccination: The MIS BAIR randomized controlled trial
Authors: Laure F. Pittet, Nicole L. Messina, Kaya Gardiner, Bridget Freyne, Veronica Abruzzo, Kate L. Francis, Clare Morrison, Christel Zufferey, Peter Vuillermin, Katrina J. Allen, Anne‐Louise Ponsonby, Roy Robins‐Browne, Frank Shann, Katie L. Flanagan, Rod Phillips, Susan Donath, Dan Casalaz, Nigel Curtis
Journal: Allergy (2021)

Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine could play a role in counteracting the rising prevalence of atopic diseases, through its beneficial off-target effects. We aimed to determine whether neonatal BCG vaccination reduces the incidence of eczema in infants.Randomized controlled trial with 1272 infants allocated to receive BCG-Denmark or no BCG at birth. The primary outcome was the 12-month incidence of eczema based on 3-monthly questionnaires. Eczema was also assessed at a 12-month clinic visit. ClinicalTrial.gov: NCT01906853.The 12-month eczema incidence was 32.2% in the BCG group compared with 36.6% in the control group (adjusted risk difference (aRD) -4.3%, 95% CI -9.9% to 1.3%, multiple imputation model). In addition, comparing infants in the BCG group with the control group, 15.7% vs. 19.2% had eczema lesions at the 12-month visit (aRD -3.5%, 95% CI -8.0% to 1.0%); 35.7% vs. 39.0% reported using topical steroids (aRD -3.3, 95% CI -9.2 to 2.7); and 7.3% vs. 10.2% had severe eczema scores (aRD -3.0%, 95% CI -8.8% to 2.7%). In 344 high-risk infants (two atopic parents), the 12-month eczema incidence was 35.3% in the BCG group compared with 46.8% in the control group (aRD -11.5%, 95% CI -21.9% to -1.2%; number needed to treat 8.7, 95% CI 4.6 to 83.3).There is insufficient evidence to recommend neonatal BCG vaccination in all infants for the prevention of eczema in the first year of life; however, a modest beneficial effect was observed among high-risk infants. A single dose of BCG-Denmark soon after birth could reduce the incidence of eczema in infants with two atopic parents.
MO38-1 The latest procedure of liver biopsy in the era of cancer genomic therapies; the single center retrospective analysis
Authors: Yusuke Ozeki, Naoya Kanogawa, Terunao Iwanaga, Naoto Fujita, Takafumi Sakuma, Hiroaki Kanzaki, Keisuke Koroki, Kazufumi Kobayashi, Soichiro Kiyono, Masato Nakamura, Tomoko Saito, Takayuki Kondo, Sadahisa Ogasawara, Eiichiro Suzuki, Shingo Nakamoto, Akinobu Tawada, Tetsuhiro Chiba, Makoto Arai, Jun Kato, Yuichi Takiguchi, Naoya Kato
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
MO4-7 Efficacy and safety with selpercatinib in patients with RET fusion+ NSCLC: Analysis by last prior systemic therapy
Authors: Koichi Goto, Oliver Gautschi, Alexander Drilon, Daniel Shao Weng Tan, Geoffrey R. Oxnard, Caroline McCoach, Keunchil Park, G. Alonso Casal, Filippo de Braud, Pearl French, Victoria Soldatenkova, Benjamin Besse
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)