tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Shifting to Serious Illness Communication
Authors: Juliet Jacobsen, Rachelle Bernacki, Joanna Paladino
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Age-related differences in lipid and thrombogenic factors in postinfarction patients Wojciech Zareba, Anuradha Gudavalli, Arthur J. Moss, Charles Sparks, Victor Marder, Emanuela Locati Heilbron, Luc F. Miller Watlet, for THROMBO Investigators. University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Environmental Factors Influencing COVID-19 Incidence and Severity
Authors: Amanda K. Weaver, Jennifer R. Head, Carlos F. Gould, Elizabeth J. Carlton, Justin V. Remais
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (2022)

Emerging evidence supports a link between environmental factors—including air pollution and chemical exposures, climate, and the built environment—and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) susceptibility and severity. Climate, air pollution, and the built environment have long been recognized to influence viral respiratory infections, and studies have established similar associations with COVID-19 outcomes. More limited evidence links chemical exposures to COVID-19. Environmental factors were found to influence COVID-19 through four major interlinking mechanisms: increased risk of preexisting conditions associated with disease severity; immune system impairment; viral survival and transport; and behaviors that increase viral exposure. Both data and methodologic issues complicate the investigation of these relationships, including reliance on coarse COVID-19 surveillance data; gaps in mechanistic studies; and the predominance of ecological designs. We evaluate the strength of evidence for environment–COVID-19 relationships and discuss environmental actions that might simultaneously address the COVID-19 pandemic, environmental determinants of health, and health disparities.
Abstract P270: Body Size Throughout the Life Course and Risk of Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Kaitlin A Hagan, Laura B Harrington, Jihye Kim, Francine Grodstein, Christopher Kabrhel
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Adult body mass index (BMI) is strongly associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE), however whether earlier-life adiposity or other measures of adult adiposity are associated with VTE risk remains unknown. Hypothesis: Since BMI is a strong risk factor for incident VTE, we hypothesized that early life body size as well as other measures of adult adiposity may also be positively associated with VTE risk. Methods: We evaluated associations of childhood somatotype, BMI at age 18, change in BMI since age 18, and measures of waist and hip circumference with incident VTE among 47,415 women age 40-67 years at baseline from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS), 47,539 women age 29-48 years from the Nurses’ Health Study II (NHS II), and 32,707 men age 39-76 years from the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS) without a prior VTE. We calculated multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) of VTE using Cox proportional hazards models. Results: Over ≥25 years of follow-up, there were 1,191 incident VTE cases in NHS, 763 cases in NHS II, and 1,350 cases in HPFS. Adult BMI was strongly associated with VTE in all three cohorts (HRs comparing ≥35 kg/m 2 vs. &lt;22.5 kg/m 2 : NHS: 3.03 [95% CI: 2.58, 3.55], NHS II: 3.88 [95% CI: 3.36, 4.48], HPFS: 2.49 [95% CI: 1.83, 3.29]; all P trend&lt; 0.01). Waist circumference, hip circumference, and height were associated with greater VTE risk, even after adjusting for adult BMI (all P trend&lt; 0.01) (Table). Somatotype at ages 5 and 10, BMI at age 18, and change in BMI since age 18 were not significantly associated with VTE risk, after accounting for adult BMI. Conclusions: Adult BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, and height were independently, positively associated with incident VTE risk. Early life body size was not significantly associated with VTE risk after accounting for adult BMI, indicating that BMI and adiposity are likely more important acutely that cumulatively over time in the etiology of VTE. Clinically, encouraging weight loss in adults
Selected New Books
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Trikafta Rescues CFTR and Lowers Monocyte P2X7R-induced Inflammasome Activation in Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Claudie Gabillard-Lefort, Michelle Casey, Arlene M. A. Glasgow, Fiona Boland, Orla Kerr, Elaine Marron, Anne-Marie Lyons, Cedric Gunaratnam, Noel G. McElvaney, Emer P. Reeves
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2022)

Rationale: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the CFTR (CF transmembrane conductance regulator) gene and is characterized by sustained inflammation. ATP triggers IL-1β secretion via P2X7R (P2X7 receptor) and activation of the NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain–containing protein 3) inflammasome. Objectives: To explore the effect of the CFTR modulator elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (Trikafta) on CFTR expression and the ATP/P2X7R signaling axis in monocytes and on circulating proinflammatory markers. Methods: Inflammatory mediators were detected in blood from 42 patients with CF before and after 3 months of Trikafta therapy. Markers of inflammasome activation and IL-1β secretion were measured in monocytes before and after stimulation with ATP and LPS, in the presence or absence of the P2X7R inhibitor A438079. Measurements and Main Results: P2X7R is overexpressed in CF monocytes, and receptor inhibition decreased NLRP3 expression, caspase-1 activation, and IL-1β secretion. In vitro and in vivo, P2X7R expression is regulated by CFTR function and intracellular chloride (Cl−) levels. Trikafta therapy restored CFTR expression yet decreased P2X7R in CF monocytes, resulting in normalized Cl− and potassium efflux, and reduced intracellular calcium levels. CFTR modulator therapy decreased circulating levels of ATP and LPS and reduced inflammasome activation and IL-1β secretion. Conclusions: P2X7R expression is regulated by intracellular Cl− levels and in CF monocytes promotes inflammasome activation. Trikafta therapy significantly increased CFTR protein expression and reduced ATP/P2X7R–induced inflammasome activation. P2X7R may therefore be a promising target for reducing inflammation in patients with CF who are noneligible for Trikafta or other CFTR modulator therapy.
Anonymity and Alcoholics Anonymous
Authors: D. C. Thompson
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The program and principles of AA are explained in detail in the book,<i>Alcoholics Anonymous</i>,<sup>1</sup>in which may be found the "Twelve Steps" and "Twelve Traditions." Tradition 11 states: "Our public relations policy is based on attraction rather than promotion; we need always maintain personal anonymity at the level of press, radio and films." Since I regard The Journal as "press" and since I subscribe to all the traditions, I choose to sign only my first name in anything appearing in print.
Nutrition and its Disorders
Journal: Gut (1977)

This book reports on the papers and discussion at a symposium of which the date and site are unfortunately not men- tioned in the book. (On inquiry, the pub- lishers tell us that it was held at the Welsh National School of Medicine on 7, 8, and 9 July 1975 and that it was a Postgraduate Course in paediatric gastro- enterology organised by J. A. Dodge).It covers development of the gut in the fetus and young children; infancy and its problems; diarrhoea; abdominal pain, and constipation.It conveniently brings together much valuable scattered infor- mation, but the price seems high for a paperback.
Effectiveness of Individual Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Predictors of Outcome in Adult Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Norbert Kathmann, Tanja Jacobi, Björn Elsner, Benedikt Reuter
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2022)

&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Introduction:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has proven its efficacy in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Objective:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; To test generalizability to routine care settings, we conducted an effectiveness study to provide naturalistic outcome data and their predictors. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Pre-post changes in symptoms and impairment as well as response rates were determined in a naturalistic OCD sample (intention-to-treat, ITT, &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 393). Patients received individual CBT for OCD adopting an exposure-based, non-manualized treatment format. Linear and logistic regression analyses were applied to identify associations of sociodemographic and clinical variables with symptom change. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Effect size in ITT patients amounted to &lt;i&gt;d&lt;/i&gt; = 1.47 in primary outcome (Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, Y-BOCS). Remission rates were 46.3% (ITT), 52.0% (completers), and 18.2% (non-completers). The rates of treatment response without remission, no change, and deterioration in the ITT sample were 13.2, 38, and 3%, respectively. Initial symptom severity, comorbid personality disorder, and unemployment were associated with a poorer outcome, and previous medication with a better outcome. Comorbid depressive and anxiety disorders as well as other clinical or sociodemographic variables showed no effects on symptom change. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Outcomes in this large observational trial in a naturalistic setting correspond to available RCT findings suggesting that CBT for OCD should be strongly recommended for dissemination in routine care. Targets for further research include early prediction of non-response and development of alternative treatment strategies for patients who respond insufficiently.
Current Comment
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MEDICAL ADVERTISEMENTS AND THE RELIGIOUS PRESS.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Extensive Necrosis after Radiation for Cancer
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Consistency of Benefit of Icosapent Ethyl by Background Statin Type in REDUCE-IT
Authors: Nickpreet Singh, Deepak L. Bhatt, Michael Miller, Ph. Gabriel Steg, Eliot A. Brinton, Terry A. Jacobson, Lixia Jiao, Jean-Claude Tardif, R. Preston Mason, Christie M. Ballantyne
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Normal and abnormal atrioventricular conduction time in the fetus analyzed by tissue velocity imaging Azaria J. J. T. Rein, Clare P. O'Donnell, Adrian Moran, Ravi Mandapati, Amiram Nir, Gerald R. Marx, Tal Geva, David J. Sahn, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Compliance
Authors: Alfred Coodley
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I would agree with Dr Vaisrub (234:80-81, 1975) that intellectual information derived from health education programs may not lead to patient compliance, but that if "more imaginative" approaches and "more patient participation" exist, compliance is significantly increased. I suggest that in addition to these methods, the key is often the depth and quality of the doctor-patient relationship. Unless individual doctors, or even those conducting educational programs, use their empathic awareness of what is going on in the minds of the listeners insofar as the disease being discussed is concerned (and I mean with many possible ramifications) as well as exploring how they view their future with or without the medication suggested (including the annoyance of having to remember to take it), the health education attempts will not be too successful. Universalizing reluctance to follow through and encouraging individuals within the group to express their difficulties and doubts
Enoxaparin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in renal impairment Ger-Jan Sanderink, Colette Guimart, Navin Jariwala, Umesh Shukla, Marie-Laure Ozoux, Bruno Boutouyrie, H W. Hutman, Maria Gutierez, Thomas Marbury, Richard Preston. Aventis Pharma, Antony, France, Investigators Group, Miami/Orlando/Fort Lauderdale, FL
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Noninvasive prediction of complication with anteroseptal acute myocardial infarction by doppler total ejection isovolume (TEI) index Toshinori Yuasa, Yutaka Otsuji, Eiji Kuwahara, Kunitsugu Takasaki, Shiro Yoshifuku, Keiko Matsukida, Kouichi Toyonaga, Souki Lee, Hitoshi Toda, Toshiro Kumanohoso, Hitoshi Nakashima, Tatsuru Matsuoka, Akira Kisanuki, Shinichi Minagoe, Chuwa Tei. Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan, Kagoshima CCU Network, Kagoshima, Japan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Covid-19: Babies born during the pandemic show slight development delays
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2022)

Covid-19: Babies born during the pandemic show slight development delays Jacqui WiseBabies born during the pandemic's first year scored slightly lower on a developmental screening test at six months compared with babies born just before the pandemic, a small study has found.The research, published in JAMA Paediatrics, found no signal to suggest that exposure to SARS-CoV-2 infection in the womb was linked to neurodevelopmental deficits. 1Instead the researchers suggest that covid-19 related maternal stress may have had a role.
Changes in type 2 diabetes incidence and mortality associated with introduction of HbA1c as diagnostic option: A Danish 24-year population-based study
Authors: Jakob S. Knudsen, Signe S. Knudsen, Adam Hulman, Daniel R. Witte, Edward W. Gregg, Torsten Lauritzen, Lars Pedersen, Henrik T. Sørensen, Reimar W. Thomsen
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2022)

In 2011, the World Health Organization began recommending glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) as a measure for diagnosing type 2 diabetes (T2D). This initiative may have changed basic T2D epidemiology. Consequently, we examined time changes in T2D incidence and mortality during 1995-2018.In this population-based cohort study, we included 415,553 individuals with incident T2D. We calculated annual age-standardized incidence rates of T2D. We examined HbA1c testing and used Poisson-regression to investigate all-cause mortality among the T2D patients and a matched comparison cohort from the general population over successive 3-year periods.From 1995 to the 2012 introduction of HbA1c testing as a diagnostic option in Denmark, the annual standardized incidence rate (SIR) of T2D doubled, from 193 to 396 per 100,000 persons (4.1% increase annually). From 2012 onwards, the T2D incidence declined by 36%, reaching 253 per 100,000 persons in 2018 (5.7% decrease annually). This was driven by fewer patients starting treatment with an HbA1c measurement of <6·5% or without prior HbA1c testing. Mortality per 1,000 person-years following a T2D diagnosis decreased by 44% between 1995-1997 and 2010-2012, from 69 deaths to 38 deaths (adjusted mortality rate ratio: 0·55 (95% CI: 0·54-0·56)). After the low level during 2010-2012, mortality increased again by 27% to 48 per 1,000 person-years (95% CI: 46-50) by 2016-2018.Our findings suggest that introducing HbA1c as a diagnostic option may have changed basic T2D epidemiology by leaving patients undiagnosed, that previously would have been diagnosed and treated.Aarhus University funded the study and had no further involvement.
Guidelines and quality criteria for artificial intelligence-based prediction models in healthcare: a scoping review
Authors: Anne A. H. de Hond, Artuur M. Leeuwenberg, Lotty Hooft, Ilse M. J. Kant, Steven W. J. Nijman, Hendrikus J. A. van Os, Jiska J. Aardoom, Thomas P. A. Debray, Ewoud Schuit, Maarten van Smeden, Johannes B. Reitsma, Ewout W. Steyerberg, Niels H. Chavannes, Karel G. M. Moons
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2022)

While the opportunities of ML and AI in healthcare are promising, the growth of complex data-driven prediction models requires careful quality and applicability assessment before they are applied and disseminated in daily practice. This scoping review aimed to identify actionable guidance for those closely involved in AI-based prediction model (AIPM) development, evaluation and implementation including software engineers, data scientists, and healthcare professionals and to identify potential gaps in this guidance. We performed a scoping review of the relevant literature providing guidance or quality criteria regarding the development, evaluation, and implementation of AIPMs using a comprehensive multi-stage screening strategy. PubMed, Web of Science, and the ACM Digital Library were searched, and AI experts were consulted. Topics were extracted from the identified literature and summarized across the six phases at the core of this review: (1) data preparation, (2) AIPM development, (3) AIPM validation, (4) software development, (5) AIPM impact assessment, and (6) AIPM implementation into daily healthcare practice. From 2683 unique hits, 72 relevant guidance documents were identified. Substantial guidance was found for data preparation, AIPM development and AIPM validation (phases 1-3), while later phases clearly have received less attention (software development, impact assessment and implementation) in the scientific literature. The six phases of the AIPM development, evaluation and implementation cycle provide a framework for responsible introduction of AI-based prediction models in healthcare. Additional domain and technology specific research may be necessary and more practical experience with implementing AIPMs is needed to support further guidance.