tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Transmission of Respiratory Viral Diseases to Health Care Workers: COVID-19 as an Example
Authors: Amanda M. Wilson, Darrah K. Sleeth, Camie Schaefer, Rachael M. Jones
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (2022)

Health care workers (HCWs) can acquire infectious diseases, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), from patients. Herein, COVID-19 is used with the source-pathway-receptor framework as an example to assess evidence for the roles of aerosol transmission and indirect contact transmission in viral respiratory infectious diseases. Evidence for both routes is strong for COVID-19 and other respiratory viruses, but aerosol transmission is likely dominant for COVID-19. Key knowledge gaps about transmission processes and control strategies include the distribution of viable virus among respiratory aerosols of different sizes, the mechanisms and efficiency by which virus deposited on the facial mucous membrane moves to infection sites inside the body, and the performance of source controls such as face coverings and aerosol containment devices. To ensure that HCWs are adequately protected from infection, guidelines and regulations must be updated to reflect the evidence that respiratory viruses are transmitted via aerosols.
What Do We Know About the Genetic Architecture of Psychopathology?
Authors: Evan J. Giangrande, Ramona S. Weber, Eric Turkheimer
Journal: Annual Review of Clinical Psychology (2022)

In the second half of the twentieth century, twin and family studies established beyond a reasonable doubt that all forms of psychopathology are substantially heritable and highly polygenic. These conclusions were simultaneously an important theoretical advance and a difficult methodological obstacle, as it became clear that heritability is universal and undifferentiated across forms of psychopathology, and the radical polygenicity of genetic effects limits the biological insight provided by genetically informed studies at the phenotypic level. The paradigm-shifting revolution brought on by the Human Genome Project has recapitulated the great methodological promise and the profound theoretical difficulties of the twin study era. We review these issues using the rubric of genetic architecture, which we define as a search for specific genetic insight that adds to the general conclusion that psychopathology is heritable and polygenic. Although significant problems remain, we see many promising avenues for progress.
Climate change and global health: A call to more research and more action
Authors: Ioana Agache, Vanitha Sampath, Juan Aguilera, Cezmi A. Akdis, Mubeccel Akdis, Michele Barry, Aude Bouagnon, Sharon Chinthrajah, William Collins, Coby Dulitzki, Barbara Erny, Jason Gomez, Anna Goshua, Marek Jutel, Kenneth W. Kizer, Olivia Kline, A. Desiree LaBeaud, Isabella Pali‐Schöll, Kirsten P. Perrett, Rachel L. Peters, Maria Pilar Plaza, Mary Prunicki, Todd Sack, Renee N. Salas, Sayantani B. Sindher, Susanne H. Sokolow, Cassandra Thiel, Erika Veidis, Brittany Delmoro Wray, Claudia Traidl‐Hoffmann, Christian Witt, Kari C. Nadeau
Journal: Allergy (2022)

There is increasing understanding, globally, that climate change and increased pollution will have a profound and mostly harmful effect on human health. This review brings together international experts to describe both the direct (such as heat waves) and indirect (such as vector-borne disease incidence) health impacts of climate change. These impacts vary depending on vulnerability (i.e., existing diseases) and the international, economic, political, and environmental context. This unique review also expands on these issues to address a third category of potential longer-term impacts on global health: famine, population dislocation, and environmental justice and education. This scholarly resource explores these issues fully, linking them to global health in urban and rural settings in developed and developing countries. The review finishes with a practical discussion of action that health professionals around the world in our field can yet take.
IDEAS: individual level differential expression analysis for single-cell RNA-seq data
Authors: Mengqi Zhang, Si Liu, Zhen Miao, Fang Han, Raphael Gottardo, Wei Sun
Journal: Genome biology (2022)

We consider an increasingly popular study design where single-cell RNA-seq data are collected from multiple individuals and the question of interest is to find genes that are differentially expressed between two groups of individuals. Towards this end, we propose a statistical method named IDEAS (individual level differential expression analysis for scRNA-seq). For each gene, IDEAS summarizes its expression in each individual by a distribution and then assesses whether these individual-specific distributions are different between two groups of individuals. We apply IDEAS to assess gene expression differences of autism patients versus controls and COVID-19 patients with mild versus severe symptoms.
BRAFV600E Accelerates Disease Progression and Increases Immune Suppression in a Mouse Model of B-Cell Leukemia
Authors: Yo-Ting Tsai, Aparna Lakshmanan, Amy M. Lehman, Ellen J. Sass, Minh Tran, Fabienne McClanahan, Meixiao Long, Bonnie K. Harrington, Krista La Perle, Vincenzo Coppola, Gerard Lozanski, Natarajan Muthusamy, John C. Byrd, Michael R. Grever, David M. Lucas
Journal: Blood (2016)
Numeric Error in Table 1
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

Stephen E. Lincoln, BS; Robert L. Nussbaum, MD; Allison W. Kurian, MD; Sarah M. Nielsen, MS, LCGC; Kingshuk Das, MD; Scott Michalski, MS, LCGC; Shan Yang, PhD; Nhu Ngo, MD; Amie Blanco, MS, CGC; Edward D. Esplin, MD, PhD
DIRECT COMPARISON OF CARDIAC MYOSIN-BINDING PROTEIN C TO CARDIAC TROPONINS FOR THE EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Thomas Edward Kaier, Raphael Twerenbold, Christian Puelacher, Jack Marjot, Nazia Imambaccus, Jasper Boeddinghaus, Thomas Nestelberger, Karin Wildi, Maria Rubini, Tobias Reichlin, Michael Marber, Christian Mueller
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Mentorship in Nuclear Medicine—Why and How?
Authors: Ashwin Singh Parihar, Simin Dadparvar
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2022)

Mentorship is a highly gratifying relationship that requires commitment from all involved parties. Several different mentorship models exist that can be modified to suit the requirements of the mentors and mentees, and be fine-tuned for individuals at different career levels. Our proposed framework can be deployed as a pilot design for the trainees and early-career faculty members in nuclear medicine with the scope of appropriate timely modifications based on user feedback.
Association of clonal hematopoiesis mutations with clinical outcomes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Malgorzata K. Nowakowska, Taebeom Kim, Mikayla T. Thompson, Kelly L. Bolton, Anita Deswal, Steven H. Lin, Paul Scheet, Mackenzie R. Wehner, Kevin T. Nead
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2022)

Abstract Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) mutations are common among individuals without known hematologic disease. CH mutations have been associated with numerous adverse clinical outcomes across many different studies. We systematically reviewed the available literature for clinical outcomes associated with CH mutations in patients without hematologic disease. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus for eligible studies. Three investigators independently extracted the data, and each study was verified by a second author. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale. We identified 32 studies with 56 cohorts that examine the association between CH mutations and clinical outcomes. We conducted meta‐analyses comparing outcomes among individuals with and without detectable CH mutations. We conducted meta‐analyses for cardiovascular diseases (nine studies; HR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.26–2.07, p = .0002), hematologic malignancies (seven studies; HR = 5.59, 95% CI = 3.31–9.45, p &lt; .0001), therapy‐related myeloid neoplasms (four studies; HR = 7.55, 95% CI = 4.3–13.57, p &lt; .001), and death (nine studies; HR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.2–1.5, p &lt; .0001). The cardiovascular disease analysis was further stratified by variant allele fraction (VAF) and gene, which showed a statistically significant association only with a VAF of ≥ 10% (HR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.24–1.62, p &lt; .0001), as well as statistically significant associations for each gene examined with the largest magnitude of effect found for CH mutations in JAK2 (HR = 3.5, 95% CI = 1.84–6.68, p &lt; .0001). Analysis of the association of CH mutations with hematologic malignancy demonstrated a numeric stepwise increase in risk with increasing VAF thresholds. This analysis strongly supports the association of CH mutations with a clinically meaningful increased risk of adverse clinical outcomes among individuals without hematologic disease, particularly with increasing VAF thresholds.
Structural perspective of class B1 GPCR signaling
Authors: Zhaotong Cong, Yi-Lynn Liang, Qingtong Zhou, Sanaz Darbalaei, Fenghui Zhao, Wenbo Feng, Lihua Zhao, H. Eric Xu, Dehua Yang, Ming-Wei Wang
Journal: Trends in Pharmacological Sciences (2022)

Class B1 G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play important roles in human physiology and disease pathology. Using cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and X-ray crystallography, the 3D structures of all 15 members of this receptor subfamily have been determined in recent years at the near-atomic level. Although they share many structural commonalities, they show distinct features in terms of ligand recognition and receptor activation. In-depth structural analyses have yielded valuable insights into the N termini of both peptide hormones and cognate receptors, the outward movement of transmembrane helix 6 (TM6), the allosteric modulation sites located in the transmembrane domain (TMD), and the constitutive signaling bias mediated by receptor splice variants. These provide new directions for the design of better therapeutic agents, thereby making these targets more druggable.
TOO MANY MEDICAL SOCIETIES.
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A randomized phase 3 trial of interferon-α vs hydroxyurea in polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia
Authors: John Mascarenhas, Heidi E. Kosiorek, Josef T. Prchal, Alessandro Rambaldi, Dmitriy Berenzon, Abdulraheem Yacoub, Claire N. Harrison, Mary Frances McMullin, Alessandro M. Vannucchi, Joanne Ewing, Casey L. O'Connell, Jean-Jacques Kiladjian, Adam J. Mead, Elliott F. Winton, David S. Leibowitz, Valerio De Stefano, Murat O. Arcasoy, Craig M. Kessler, Rosalind Catchatourian, Damiano Rondelli, Richard T. Silver, Andrea Bacigalupo, Arnon Nagler, Marina Kremyanskaya, Max F. Levine, Juan E. Arango Ossa, Erin McGovern, Lonette Sandy, Mohamad E. Salama, Vesna Najfeld, Joseph Tripodi, Noushin Farnoud, Alexander V. Penson, Rona Singer Weinberg, Leah Price, Judith D. Goldberg, Tiziano Barbui, Roberto Marchioli, Gianni Tognoni, Raajit K. Rampal, Ruben A. Mesa, Amylou C. Dueck, Ronald Hoffman
Journal: Blood (2022)

The goal of therapy for patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET) and polycythemia vera (PV) is to reduce thrombotic events by normalizing blood counts. Hydroxyurea (HU) and interferon-α (IFN-α) are the most frequently used cytoreductive options for patients with ET and PV at high risk for vascular complications. Myeloproliferative Disorders Research Consortium 112 was an investigator-initiated, phase 3 trial comparing HU to pegylated IFN-α (PEG) in treatment-naïve, high-risk patients with ET/PV. The primary endpoint was complete response (CR) rate at 12 months. A total of 168 patients were treated for a median of 81.0 weeks. CR for HU was 37% and 35% for PEG (P = .80) at 12 months. At 24 to 36 months, CR was 20% to 17% for HU and 29% to 33% for PEG. PEG led to a greater reduction in JAK2V617F at 24 months, but histopathologic responses were more frequent with HU. Thrombotic events and disease progression were infrequent in both arms, whereas grade 3/4 adverse events were more frequent with PEG (46% vs 28%). At 12 months of treatment, there was no significant difference in CR rates between HU and PEG. This study indicates that PEG and HU are both effective treatments for PV and ET. With longer treatment, PEG was more effective in normalizing blood counts and reducing driver mutation burden, whereas HU produced more histopathologic responses. Despite these differences, both agents did not differ in limiting thrombotic events and disease progression in high-risk patients with ET/PV. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01259856.
IAPs Protect Host Target Tissues from Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD)
Authors: Tomomi Toubai, Corinne Rossi, Katherine Oravecz-Wilson, Cynthia Zajac, Hideaki Fujiwawa, Stuart Brabbs, Julia Wu, Yaping Sun, John M. Magenau, Pavan R. Reddy
Journal: Blood (2016)
A microRNA checkpoint for Ca2+ signaling and overload in acute pancreatitis
Authors: Wenya Du, Geng Liu, Na Shi, Dongmei Tang, Pawel E. Ferdek, Monika A. Jakubowska, Shiyu Liu, Xinyue Zhu, Jiayu Zhang, Linbo Yao, Xiongbo Sang, Sailan Zou, Tingting Liu, Rajarshi Mukherjee, David N. Criddle, Xiaofeng Zheng, Qing Xia, Per-Olof Berggren, Wendong Huang, Robert Sutton, Yan Tian, Wei Huang, Xianghui Fu
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2022)

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common digestive disease without specific treatment, and its pathogenesis features multiple deleterious amplification loops dependent on translation, triggered by cytosolic Ca
Treatment-related toxicity using prostate bed versus prostate bed and pelvic lymph node radiation therapy following radical prostatectomy: A national population-based study
Authors: M.G. Parry, A. Sujenthiran, J. Nossiter, M. Morris, B. Berry, P. Cathcart, N.W. Clarke, H. Payne, J. Van Der Meulen, A. Aggawal
Journal: European Urology (2021)
Upfront MRI is the new standard, have confirmatory biopsies become obsolete?
Authors: H.B. Luiting, S. Remmers, E.R. Boevé, C.H. Bangma, R. Valdagni, P.K. Chiu, A. Semjonow, V. Berge, K.H. Tully, A.S. Rannikko, F. Staerman, M.J. Roobol
Journal: European Urology (2021)
Impact of <i>F</i> <i>LT3</i> Mutation on Outcomes after Venetoclax and Azacitidine for Patients with Treatment-Naïve Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Marina Konopleva, Michael J. Thirman, Keith W. Pratz, Jacqueline S. Garcia, Christian Recher, Vinod Pullarkat, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Courtney D. DiNardo, Monique Dail, Yinghui Duan, Brenda Chyla, Jalaja Potluri, Catherine L. Miller, Andrew H. Wei
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2022)

To evaluate efficacy and safety of venetoclax + azacitidine among treatment-naïve patients with FLT3-mutant acute myeloid leukemia.Data were pooled from patients enrolled in a phase III study (NCT02993523) that compared patients treated with venetoclax + azacitidine or placebo + azacitidine and a prior phase Ib study (NCT02203773) where patients were treated with venetoclax + azacitidine. Enrolled patients were ineligible for intensive therapy due to age ≥75 years and/or comorbidities. Patients on venetoclax + azacitidine received venetoclax 400 mg orally (days 1-28) and azacitidine (75 mg/m2; days 1-7/28-day cycle). FLT3 mutation was analyzed centrally on pretreatment bone marrow aspirates.In the biomarker evaluable population, FLT3 mutation was detected in 42 (15%) and 22 (19%) patients in the venetoclax + azacitidine and azacitidine groups. Composite complete remission [CRc; complete remission (CR) + CR with incomplete hematologic recovery (CRi)] rates (venetoclax + azacitidine/azacitidine) for FLT3-mutant patients were 67%/36%, median duration of remission (DoR) was 17.3/5.0 months, and median OS was 12.5/8.6 months. The CRc rates among FLT3 wild-type patients were 67%/25%, median DoR 18.4/13.4 months, and median OS 14.7/10.1 months. In patients treated with venetoclax + azacitidine, CRc in patients with FLT3-ITD and FLT3-TKD was 63% and 77% and median OS was 9.9 and 19.2 months, and in comutated FLT3-ITD + NPM1 patients, CRc was 70%, median DoR was not reached, and median OS was 9.1 months. There were no unexpected toxicities in the venetoclax + azacitidine group.When treated with venetoclax + azacitidine, patients with FLT3 mutations and FLT3 wild-type had similar outcomes. Future analyses in larger patient populations may further define the impact of venetoclax + azacitidine in patients harboring FLT3-ITD. See related commentary by Perl and Vyas, p. 2719.
Molecular markers demonstrate diagnostic and prognostic value in the evaluation of myelodysplastic syndromes in cytopenia patients
Authors: Rong He, Jonathan Chiou, Allison Chiou, Dong Chen, Constance P. Chen, Caroline Spethman, Kurt R. Bessonen, Jennifer L. Oliveira, Phuong L. Nguyen, Kaaren K. Reichard, James D. Hoyer, Simon D. Althoff, Dana J. Roh, Mechelle A. Miller, Ji Yuan, Horatiu Olteanu, Kebede Begna, Ayalew Tefferi, Hassan Alkhateeb, Mrinal M. Patnaik, Mark R. Litzow, Aref Al-Kali, David S. Viswanatha
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2022)
Non-invasive tests accurately stratify patients with NAFLD based on their risk of liver-related events
Authors: Jerome Boursier, Hannes Hagström, Mattias Ekstedt, Clemence Moreau, Martin Bonacci, Sandrine Cure, Javier Ampuero, Patrik Nasr, Lilian Tallab, Clémence M. Canivet, Stergios Kechagias, Yolanda Sánchez, Eloise Dincuff, Ana Lucena, Marine Roux, Jeremie Riou, Aldo Trylesinski, Manuel Romero-Gomez
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2022)
Prevalence and predictors of unrecognized low sexual desire in men with new onset erectile dysfunction – Findings from a cross-sectional, real-life study
Authors: L. Boeri, P. Capogrosso, W. Cazzaniga, L. Candela, G. Fallara, E. Pozzi, F. Belladelli, N. Schifano, D. Cignoli, G. Colandrea, M. Raffo, C. Abbate, F. Montorsi, A. Salonia
Journal: European Urology (2021)
Save our only planet
Authors: None The Lancet Infectious Diseases
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2021)

The COVID-19 pandemic has further emphasised the inequalities in the world's capacity to respond to health emergencies. The pandemic is also unfolding in a world already struggling with the negative effects of the climate crisis, and the impact of COVID-19 on national economies could hamper efforts to implement measures to address global warming. In 2020 alone, record temperatures resulted in droughts, wildfires, reduced crop production, and a new high of 3·1 billion more person-days of heatwave exposure among people older than 65 years and 626 million more among children younger than 1 year, compared with the annual average for the 1986–2005 baseline.
<i>In Vivo</i> Modeling of Patient Genetic Heterogeneity Identifies New Ways to Target Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Nicholas T. Younger, Mollie L. Wilson, Anabel Martinez Lyons, Edward J. Jarman, Alison M. Meynert, Graeme R. Grimes, Konstantinos Gournopanos, Scott H. Waddell, Peter A. Tennant, David H. Wilson, Rachel V. Guest, Stephen J. Wigmore, Juan Carlos Acosta, Timothy J. Kendall, Martin S. Taylor, Duncan Sproul, Pleasantine Mill, Luke Boulter
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

Abstract Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is an aggressive malignancy of the bile ducts within the liver characterized by high levels of genetic heterogeneity. In the context of such genetic variability, determining which oncogenic mutations drive ICC growth has been difficult, and developing modes of patient stratification and targeted therapies remains challenging. Here we model the interactions between rare mutations with more common driver genes and combine in silico analysis of patient data with highly multiplexed in vivo CRISPR-spCas9 screens to perform a functional in vivo study into the role genetic heterogeneity plays in driving ICC. Novel tumor suppressors were uncovered, which, when lost, cooperate with the RAS oncoprotein to drive ICC growth. Focusing on a set of driver mutations that interact with KRAS to initiate aggressive, sarcomatoid-type ICC revealed that tumor growth relies on Wnt and PI3K signaling. Pharmacologic coinhibition of Wnt and PI3K in vivo impeded ICC growth regardless of mutational profile. Therefore, Wnt and PI3K activity should be considered as a signature by which patients can be stratified for treatment independent of tumor genotype, and inhibitors of these pathways should be levied to treat ICC. Significance: This work shows that, despite significant genetic heterogeneity, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma relies on a limited number of signaling pathways to grow, suggesting common therapeutic vulnerabilities across patients.
Cover Image, Volume 42, Issue 1
Authors: Xiaofei Zhang, Tiebo Mao, Bei Zhang, Haiyan Xu, Jiujie Cui, Feng Jiao, Dongqin Chen, Yu Wang, Jiong Hu, Qing Xia, Shumin Li, Ming Yue, Jingyu Ma, Jiayu Yao, Yongchao Wang, Xiao Zhang, Shiqing Chen, Yuezong Bai, Yuexiang Wang, Xuebin Zhang, Qiang Liu, Yongwei Sun, Deliang Fu, Yingbin Liu, Lei Xiong, Liwei Wang
Journal: Cancer Communications (2022)

The cover image is based on the Letter to Editor Characterization of DNA damage response deficiency in pancreatic cancer patients from China by Liwei Wang et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/cac2.12238.
Mediator production and severity of aspirin-induced respiratory reactions: Impact of sampling site and body mass index
Authors: Katherine N. Cahill, Pingsheng Wu, Ginger L. Milne, Taneem Amin, Joseph Singer, Katherine Murphy, Erin Lewis, Deborah Gapko, Joshua A. Boyce, Katherine M. Buchheit, Tanya M. Laidlaw
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2022)
Potential role of micro-ultrasound in the differentiation between muscle-invasive and non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: A prospective analysis
Authors: P. Diana, A. Uleri, G. Lughezzani, N. Frego, R. Contieri, M. Paciotti, V. Fasulo, P. Colombo, N. Buffi, A.R. Saita, P. Casale, R. Hurle, M. Lazzeri
Journal: European Urology (2021)
Injectable recombinant block polymer gel for sustained delivery of therapeutic protein in post traumatic osteoarthritis
Authors: Priya Katyal, Aubryanna Hettinghouse, Michael Meleties, Sadaf Hasan, Changhong Chen, Min Cui, Guodong Sun, Rajiv Menon, Bonnie Lin, Ravinder Regatte, Jin Kim Montclare, Chuan-ju Liu
Journal: Biomaterials (2022)