tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hepatorenal reflex plays an important role in natriuresis after high-NaCl food intake in conscious dogs.
Authors: HMorita, TMatsuda, FFuruya, M RKhanchowdhury, HHosomi
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

Responses of renal nerve activity and urinary Na+ and Cl- excretion were examined in chronically instrumented conscious dogs through feedings of boiled rice with or without NaCl. The boiled rice (20 g/kg body wt) without NaCl did not influence plasma Na+ and Cl- concentrations, renal nerve activity, or urinary Na+ excretion but decreased urinary Cl- excretion. On the other hand, boiled rice containing NaCl (0.4 g/kg body wt) increased plasma Na+ (+3.8 +/- 0.7 meq/l) and Cl- (+3.0 +/- 1.5 meq/l) concentrations, then decreased renal nerve activity by 61 +/- 4%, and increased urinary Na+ and Cl- excretions. In dogs with hepatic denervation, a decrease in renal nerve activity, which was observed in intact dogs in response to the high-NaCl food intake, was completely abolished along with significant attenuation of postprandial natriuresis. That is, only 9 +/- 5% of the loaded Na+ and 7 +/- 3% of the loaded Cl- were excreted during 4 consecutive hours in hepatic-denervated dogs, whereas 36 +/- 5% of the loaded ...
Fate of left ventricular thrombi in patients with remote myocardial infarction or idiopathic cardiomyopathy.
Authors: J RStratton, J WNemanich, K AJohannessen, A DResnick
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Although left ventricular thrombi that form acutely after myocardial infarction frequently resolve spontaneously or with anticoagulant therapy, the fate of left ventricular thrombi in patients with remote myocardial infarction or with idiopathic cardiomyopathy remains unknown. To determine the natural history of such chronic left ventricular thrombi, we performed serial echocardiograms on 51 patients with remote myocardial infarction (greater than or equal to 3 months; mean, 31 +/- 41 months) and on nine patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Mean follow-up was 24 +/- 22 months during which 3.5 +/- 1.4 echocardiograms were obtained. Studies were interpreted by blinded observers, and an increase or decrease of more than 5 mm in maximal thrombus thickness was defined as significant. Among all 60 patients left ventricular thrombi were unchanged in 24 (40%), completely resolved in 24 (40%), decreased in size in four (7%), increased in size in five (8%), and decreased and then increased in size in th...
Quantitative coronary arteriography: estimation of dimensions, hemodynamic resistance, and atheroma mass of coronary artery lesions using the arteriogram and digital computation.
Authors: B GBrown, EBolson, MFrimer, H TDodge
Journal: Circulation (1977)

More accurate characterization of coronary artery lesions is needed for evaluation of short and long-term interventions in coronary disease. A method of segmental artery analysis has been developed to maximize the information obtained from coronary arteriograms. Coronary lesions are traced from two projected, perpendicular, 35 mm cineangiographic views and transmetted, in digital form, to a PDP 11/45 computer. Magnification and distortion of the image are compensated for in order to determine the actual vessel profiles, using the catheter and its location as a scaling device. The two views are matched; a spatial representation of the vessel centerline is constructed mathematically; and orthogonal vessel diameters are computed at increments along this centerline. Assuming an elliptical lumen, the absolute and percentage reduction in diameter and cross-sectional area in the stenosis are computed. More complex functions (integrated atheroma mass, Poiseuille resistance, and orifice resistance) are then calcul...
The natural history of conduction system disease in myotonic muscular dystrophy as determined by serial electrophysiologic studies.
Authors: E NPrystowsky, E LPritchett, A DRoses, JGallagher
Journal: Circulation (1979)

To evaluate the progression of conduction system disease in myotonic muscular dystrophy, nine patients underwent serial electrophysiologic studies at a mean of 35 months apart. At the initial study, seven patients had first-degree atrioventricular block and three of these seven had disease in the His-Purkinje system (HV greater than 55 msec). At the second study, seven patients had prolonged HV intervals, and during the almost 3-year period, HV intervals increased by at least 5 msec in all seven patients. No electrophysiologic or electrocardiographic measures could be found that correlated with progression of conduction disease in these patients. Because of the failure of electrophysiologic measures to predict progression of conduction disease in these patients, electrophysiologic studies are recommended only for symptomatic patients. If significant disease is found in either impulse formation or conduction, permanent pacemaker therapy is warranted.
The importance of acute luminal diameter in determining restenosis after coronary atherectomy or stenting.
Authors: R EKuntz, R DSafian, J PCarrozza, R FFishman, MMansour, D SBaim
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDWe evaluated native coronary arteries treated by directional coronary atherectomy or balloon-expandable stent placement in an effort to derive a quantitative geometric model relating the luminal diameter immediately after intervention to that present 6 months later. The minimal luminal diameter of each lesion was measured before and immediately after intervention in 102 single Palmaz-Schatz stents and 134 directional atherectomies, 192 (81%) of which had repeat angiographic measurement of minimal luminal diameter 6 months after the intervention. The immediate enlargement in luminal diameter produced by the intervention (acute gain) and the subsequent reduction in luminal diameter from the time of intervention to 6 months of follow-up (late loss) were calculated.METHODS AND RESULTSLuminal diameter increased from 0.69 +/- 0.40 mm to 3.11 +/- 0.64 mm (acute gain, 2.41 +/- 0.64 mm) after intervention, providing an immediate postprocedure residual stenosis of 1 +/- 14% relative to a reference diamete...
Facial vein in the rabbit. Neurogenic vasodilation mediated by beta-adrenergic receptors.
Authors: B LPegram, R DBevan, J ABevan
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

A segment of the facial vein of the rabbit, that opposite the buccal cavity, responds to norepinephrine (NE) and opposite the buccal cavity, responds to norepinephrine (NE) and transmural nerve stimulation (TNS) by a brisk biphasic dilation. The dilation in response to both procedures is reveresed by prior exposure to propranolol (10(-6)M). Pretreatment with phenoxybenzamine (10(-5)M) increases the size of the neurogenic response and displaces the NE dose-relaxation curve to the left. Histamine causes a constrictor response exclusively. Sympathetic stimulation of a segment of the facial vein proximal to this buccal segment, and also of the external jugular vein, results in constriction. Light microscopy showed no fequtres which can account for the dilation, and fluorescence histochemistry using a modified Flack technique showed a dense adrenergic nerve plexus extending throughout the thickness of the media. We found that frequency-response characteristics and neuronal uptake of 3H-NE were consistent with ...
Reply to M. Roschewski et al
Authors: Andy C. Rawstron, J. Anthony Child, Ruth M. de Tute, Faith E. Davies, Walter M. Gregory, Sue E. Bell, Alexander J. Szubert, Nuria Navarro Coy, Mark T. Drayson, Sylvia Feyler, Fiona M. Ross, Gordon Cook, Graham H. Jackson, Gareth J. Morgan, Roger G. Owen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)
Determinants of hemodynamic compromise with severe right ventricular infarction.
Authors: J AGoldstein, BBarzilai, T LRosamond, P REisenberg, A SJaffe
Journal: Circulation (1990)

To elucidate determinants of hemodynamic compromise in patients with acute right ventricular (RV) infarction, we studied 16 patients with hemodynamically severe RV infarction by right heart catheterization and two-dimensional ultrasound. Severe RV systolic dysfunction, evident by ultrasound in all patients as RV dilatation and depressed RV free wall motion, was associated with a broad sluggish RV waveform, diminished peak RV systolic pressure (27.6 +/- 4.5 mm Hg), and depressed RV stroke work (4.6 +/- 2.4 g.m/m2). Paradoxical septal motion was consistently noted. In some cases, the septum bulged into the right ventricle in a pistonlike fashion and appeared to mediate systolic ventricular interaction through which left ventricular septal contraction contributed to RV pressure generation. RV diastolic dysfunction was indicated by elevated RV end-diastolic pressures (13.7 +/- 2.7 mm Hg), RV dip and plateau, equalization of diastolic filling pressures, and reversal of diastolic septal curvature toward the v...
Application of a new phased-array ultrasound imaging catheter in the assessment of vascular dimensions. In vivo comparison to cineangiography.
Authors: S ENissen, C LGrines, J CGurley, KSublett, DHaynie, CDiaz, D CBooth, A NDeMaria
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Tomographic imaging techniques such as ultrasound can provide important information in the evaluation of vascular anatomy. Recent technical advances have permitted fabrication of a small (1.83 mm), phased-array, intravascular ultrasonic imaging catheter capable of continuous real-time, cross-sectional imaging of blood vessels. We used this imaging catheter to compare intraluminal ultrasound with cineangiography in the measurement of vascular dimensions in animals and to assess the intraobserver and interobserver variability of the technique. Segmental deformation of vessel anatomy was produced by stenoses created with a tissue ligature or by balloon dilation. The mean value for measurements of vessel diameter was 5.6 mm by cineangiography and 5.7 mm by intravascular ultrasound. The correlation between cineangiography and ultrasound was close (r = 0.98). Mean cross-sectional area by angiography was 28.8 mm2 and 29.6 mm2 (r = 0.96) by ultrasound. Percent diameter reduction produced by the stenoses averaged ...
Regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade in adult rat heart preparations in vitro.
Authors: ALazou, M ABogoyevitch, AClerk, S JFuller, JMarshall C, P HSugden
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

The regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and MAPK kinase (MEK) was studied in freshly isolated adult rat heart preparations. In contrast to the situation in ventricular myocytes cultured from neonatal rat hearts, stimulation of MAPK activity by 1 mumol/L phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) was not consistently detectable in crude extracts. After fast protein liquid chromatography, MAPK isoforms p42MAPK and p44MAPK and two peaks of MEK were shown to be activated > 10-fold in perfused hearts or ventricular myocytes exposed to 1 mumol/L PMA for 5 minutes. The identities of MAPK or MEK were confirmed by immunoblotting and, for MAPK, by the in-gel myelin basic protein phosphorylation assay. In retrogradely perfused hearts, high coronary perfusion pressure (120 mm Hg for 5 minutes), norepinephrine (50 mumol/L for 5 minutes), or isoproterenol (50 mumol/L for 5 minutes) stimulated MAPK and MEK approximately 2- to 5-fold. In isolated myocytes, endothelin 1 (100 nmol/L for 5 minutes) also stimu...
Influences of pressure surrounding the heart and intracardiac pressure on the diastolic coronary pressure-flow relation in excised canine heart.
Authors: SSatoh, JWatanabe, MKeitoku, NItoh, YMaruyama, TTakishima
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

We investigated the change in the instantaneous diastolic left coronary pressure-flow relation (DPFR) when the pressure surrounding the heart (SHP), right heart pressure (RHP), and left heart pressure (LHP) were systematically varied. Eight excised and maximally vasodilated canine hearts placed in an air-tight chamber were used. To obtain a capacitance-free DPFR, coronary perfusion pressure was slowly decreased (about 2 mm Hg/sec) during a prolonged diastole. The zero-flow pressure (Pf = 0) and the slope of the DPFR were analyzed. The mean values of the slope did not change significantly throughout the interventions. The mean value of Pf = 0 in the control state (SHP = RHP = LHP = 0 mm Hg) was 6.0 +/- 2.0 mm Hg (mean +/- SD, n = 8), significantly higher than the venous outflow pressure, RHP (p less than 0.001), and the other two pressures (p less than 0.001). When SHP was raised to 15 and 30 mm Hg, while the other pressures remained at 0 mm Hg, the mean values of Pf = 0 increased to 20.9 +/- 2.4 and 35.6 ...
Heritability of cardiac size: an echocardiographic and electrocardiographic study of monozygotic and dizygotic twins.
Authors: T DAdams, F GYanowitz, A GFisher, J DRidges, A GNelson, A DHagan, R RWilliams, S CHunt
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Because of the uncertainty as to the extent to which cardiac size is determined by exercise training vs genetic endowment, this study investigated familial (genetic plus common family environment) vs nonfamilial influences on cardiac size. College-age monozygotic twins (group 1, 31 sets), dizygotic twins (group 2, 10 sets), siblings of like sex (group 3, six sets), and nonrelated subjects (group 4, 15 sets) underwent echocardiographic and electrocardiographic tests, measurement of maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max), and evaluation of pulmonary and body composition; mean intrapair differences of the four groups were compared. Mean intrapair differences in cardiac size varied as much for subjects in group 1 as for those in groups 2 and 3. However, subjects in groups 1, 2, and 3 had less variation (p less than .05) than those in group 4. After the initial testing, 14 pairs of monozygotic twins, five sets of dizygotic twins, and six sets of siblings underwent 14 weeks of exercise training (both members participat...
Coronary atherosclerotic wall thickening and vascular reactivity in humans. Elevated high-density lipoprotein levels ameliorate abnormal vasoconstriction in early atherosclerosis.
Authors: A MZeiher, VSchächlinger, S HHohnloser, BSaurbier, HJust
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDAbnormal vascular reactivity represents a fundamental disturbance in vascular biology with the development of atherosclerosis. Because endothelial vasodilator function plays a pivotal role in controlling vasomotor tone, we hypothesized that atherosclerotic wall thickening might directly interfere with deficient endothelium-mediated dilation and thereby contribute to the abnormal reactivity of atherosclerotic arteries in vivo.METHODS AND RESULTSIn 26 patients without focal stenoses in the left anterior descending coronary artery, acetylcholine (0.036 to 3.6 micrograms/mL) was infused into the artery to evaluate endothelium-mediated vasodilation. Segmental vasomotor responses to acetylcholine were correlated with the local extent of atherosclerotic wall thickening quantitated by intracoronary ultrasound examination. Seventeen of the patients also underwent cold pressor testing to assess the vasoreactivity to sympathetic activation. The response of coronary artery segments to acetylcholine varied f...
Therapeutic drug monitoring to prevent acquired drug resistance of fluoroquinolones in the treatment of tuberculosis
Authors: Dennis Falzon, Ernesto Jaramillo, Christopher Gilpin, Karin Weyer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2017)

Later-generation fluoroquinolones (moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin) are crucial to all treatment regimens in current use for multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) ( i.e . joint resistance to at least rifampicin and isoniazid) [1]. Resistance to them is known to occur in different geographical settings [2]. L. Davies Forsman and co-workers advocate for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) as a means to help keep blood levels of fluoroquinolones within the ranges considered effective during MDR-TB treatment. They refer to reports of substantial variability in fluoroquinolone pharmacokinetics between patients, which makes it difficult to predict when sub-therapeutic levels occur, and could thus predispose to treatment failure and to the emergence of resistant strains. The authors maintain that TDM employing a dried blood spot technique and newer microbroth dilution plate-based methods to test for minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) now make it possible for clinicians in low-resource settings to ensure that therapeutic levels of fluoroquinolones can be achieved during treatment. Could therapeutic drug monitoring for fluoroquinolones have a role in the programmatic management of MDR-TB? <http://ow.ly/wGdP309R7Z4> Authors are staff members of the World Health Organization (WHO). They alone are responsible for the views expressed in this publication and they do not necessarily represent the decisions or policies of WHO. The designations used and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WHO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, nor concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
A new approach for evaluating risk factors in coronary artery disease: a study of lipid concentrations and severity of disease in 1847 males.
Authors: D WScott, G AGorry, R GHoffman, J JBarboriak, A MGotto
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Using recently developed statistical techniques, we estimated joint probability density functions for plasma cholesterol and plasma triglyceride concentrations in 12 subgroups of 1847 males with angiographically demonstrated coronary artery disease. The subjects were grouped by patterns of age, history of hypertension, history of smoking and severity of disease. From the estimated joint probability density functions, we determined the way in which the risk of severe vs moderate coronary artery disease varied with the joint variation of plasma lipids for given combinations of the other risk factors. The patterns of risk that we found are evidence of the complicated way in which the relationship between plasma lipids and the severity of coronary artery disease is affected by other risk factors.
174P Safety and efficacy of anlotinib plus docetaxel in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients after failure of first-line chemotherapy: Recent results from the ongoing phase II study (ALTER-L024)
Authors: B. Jin, G. Wang, Y.L. Zhang, R. Wu, J. Chen, Y. Dong, L.Y. Peng
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Abstract 15662: 30-Day Readmission Rate After PFO Closure: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Fahed M Darmoch, Yasser Al-Khadra, Homam Moussa Pacha, Mohamad Soud, M Chadi M Alraies
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: The predictors and national readmissions rates after Patent Foramen Ovale closure (PFO) post cryptogenic stroke is not well studied. Hypothesis: We sought to evaluate the causes and p...
Hazards of Snuff
Authors: James F. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the January 15 issue ofThe Journal(223:336, 1973), comments were offered as to the hazard of snuff dipping. I would like equal space to present a realistic and documented answer to this question. Our study included over 15,000 patients who had used snuff or chewing tobacco from seven to ninety years. Only 1,751 patients had any tissue changes that were considered candidates for cytology examination by a group of examiners composed of physicians and dentists trained in cancer detection. Of these patients, 1,502 were negative for cellular atypicalities and the remainder showed no premalignant or malignant change. There were 157 biopsy specimens taken from patients with tissue changes, and these showed no malignancies. Five hundred snuff users showed no increase in blood pressure, as compared to five hundred nonsnuff users (<i>Arch Otolaryngol</i>92:450-456, 1970). I take exception to any statement that tissue at the quid
Downregulation of MTSS1 in acute myeloid leukemia is associated with a poor prognosis, chemotherapy resistance, and disease aggressiveness
Authors: Alexander Michael Grandits, Chi Huu Nguyen, Angela Schlerka, Hubert Hackl, Heinz Sill, Julia Etzler, Elizabeth Heyes, Dagmar Stoiber, Florian Grebien, Gerwin Heller, Rotraud Wieser
Journal: Leukemia (2021)

Abstract Despite recent approval of targeted drugs for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) therapy, chemotherapy with cytosine arabinoside and anthracyclines remains an important pillar of treatment. Both primary and secondary resistance are frequent and associated with poor survival, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms are incompletely understood. In previous work, we identified genes deregulated between diagnosis and relapse of AML, corresponding to therapy naïve and resistant states, respectively. Among them was MTSS1 , whose downregulation is known to enhance aggressiveness of solid tumors. Here we show that low MTSS1 expression at diagnosis was associated with a poor prognosis in AML. MTSS1 expression was regulated by promoter methylation, and reduced by cytosine arabinoside and the anthracycline daunorubicin. Experimental downregulation of MTSS1 affected the expression of numerous genes. It induced the DNA damage response kinase WEE1, and rendered human AML cell lines more resistant to cytosine arabinoside, daunorubicin, and other anti-cancer drugs. Mtss1 knockdown in murine MLL-AF9 -driven AML substantially decreased disease latency, and increased leukemic burden and ex vivo chemotherapy resistance. In summary, low MTSS1 expression represents a novel factor contributing to disease aggressiveness, therapy resistance, and poor outcome in AML.
Differential accumulation of diacyl and plasmalogenic diglycerides during myocardial ischemia.
Authors: D AFord, R WGross
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

The recent discovery of neutral active choline and ethanolamine glycerophospholipid specific phospholipase C in myocardium (Wolf RA, Gross RW. J Biol Chem 1985;260:7295) has demonstrated a novel catabolic pathway that potentially contributes to the accumulation of amphiphilic metabolites during myocardial ischemia. To assess the potential importance of this pathway, we quantified the temporal course of alterations in myocardial 1-0-alk-1'-enyl-2-acyl-sn-glycerol (AAG) and 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol (DAG) content during control and ischemic intervals in an isolated perfused Langendorf model. AAG accumulated over fivefold to 8.70 and 18.27 nmol/g dry in 20- and 60-minute ischemic rabbit hearts, respectively (p less than 0.02). The only AAG molecular species that was detected in substantial amounts in control or ischemic rabbit hearts was 1-0-hexadec-1'-enyl-2-acyl-sn-glycerol. Since this molecular species is enriched in plasmenylcholine these findings suggest that AAG production is likely mediated by phospholip...
Diameter of afferent arterioles during autoregulation estimated from microsphere data in the dog kidney.
Authors: LMørkrid, JOfstad, YWillassen
Journal: Circulation Research (1978)

Afferent arteiolar diameters, relative flow distribution, and flow conductance factors are estimated by nonlinear regression analysis of the sieving effect on microspheres in different vascular structures of the dog renal cortex. The data presented are from experiments in which microspheres of 10-30 microgram were injected into the abdominal aorta during normotension and after lowering the blood pressure to the lower limit of autoregulation. Microscopic examination of the spheres trapped in the glomeruli and the renal arteries showed an increasing exclusion of microspheres greater than 15 micrometer from the afferent arterioles during normotension. This effect was most pronounced for the deeper cortical layers and can be explained mainly as geometrical exclusion of spheres from afferent arterioles. During hypotension, progressively larger microspheres entered glomeruli and afferent arterioles, presumably due to vasodilation of the vessels. There was a significant redistribution of microspheres larger than...