tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 14870: Clinical Significance of Troponin Elevation in a Contemporary Hospitalized Population: Endotypes, Morbidity and In-hospital Mortality
Authors: Michael Briscoe, Robert A Sykes, Thomas Krysztofiak, Kenneth Mangion, Oliver H Peck, Colin Berry
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Unplanned hospitalizations are commonly associated with a circulating troponin concentration &gt;99 th percentile upper reference limit (URL). In order to better understand the clinical significance of troponin elevation, we evaluated outcomes in hospitalized patients according to cardiac endotype. Methods: We prospectively screened consecutive hospitalized patients with elevated high-sensitivity troponin-I (hs-TnI) concentrations (Abbott ARCHITECT troponin-I assay; sex-specific URL, 99 th centile: male: &gt;34ng/L; female: &gt;16ng/L) within a regional cardiac care network (population 650,000). A cardiology clinical team adjudicated individual patient records and assigned endotypes by consensus agreement according to the Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction (MI). Endotypes were sub-classified into etiological category by inciting event(s). Characteristics and comorbidity were compared and outcomes recorded on virtual follow-up until June 2 nd 2020. Results: A total of 390 consecutive patients with ≥1 hs-TnI value &gt;URL between March 1-April 15, 2020, were evaluated; 44 patients were excluded ( Duplicates: 2; Missing data: 41; Research patient: 1 ). Of 346 who qualified for inclusion, an index diagnosis of Type 1 MI (T1MI), T2MI and myocardial injury were assigned in 115 (33.2%), 79 (22.8%) and 152 (43.9%) patients, respectively. Compared with T1MI, patients with T2MI and myocardial injury had lower peak hs-TnI values (median [IQR]: 86 [250-697] vs 5020 [853-7774]ng/L; p&lt; 0.01), lower estimated 10-year survival (40.2% vs 53.4%; p=0.002), less frequently underwent coronary revascularization (1.4% vs 45.2%; p&lt;0.0005) and had longer inpatient stay (13.0 vs 6.1 days). Inpatient and overall mortality rates from admission to follow-up (median [range]: 71 [0-151] days) were higher among patients with T2MI and myocardial injury (19.9% vs 7.8%; p=0.004; and 26.0% vs 11.3%; Log rank (Mantel-Cox) X 2 = 1.927; p=0.003) independent of similar cardiovascular risk profiles. Conclusions: Despite lower peak circulating troponin concentrations, patients with T2MI and myocardial injury had higher inpatient mortality, lower estimated 10-year survival and longer in-hospital stay compared to those with T1MI.
A virtual crossmatch-based strategy for perioperative desensitisation in lung transplant recipients with pre-formed donor-specific antibodies: 3-year outcome
Authors: Francois Parquin, Benjamin Zuber, Alexandre Vallée, Jean-Luc Taupin, Elise Cuquemelle, Stéphanie Malard, Mathilde Neuville, Jérôme Devaquet, Morgan Le Guen, Julien Fessler, Laurence Beaumont, Clément Picard, Abdulmonem Hamid, Sylvie Colin de Verdière, Dominique Grenet, Sandra De Miranda, Matthieu Glorion, Edouard Sage, Ciprian Pricopi, Julien De Wolf, Anne-Laure Brun, Elisabeth Longchampt, Charles Cerf, Antoine Roux, Olivier Brugière
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2021)

Pre-formed donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) are associated with worse outcome after lung transplantation (LTx) and might limit access to LTx. A virtual crossmatch-based strategy for perioperative desensitisation protocol has been used for immunised LTx candidates since 2012 at Foch Hospital (Suresnes, France). We compared the outcome of desensitised LTx candidates with high DSA mean fluorescence intensity and those with low or no pre-formed DSAs, not desensitised.For all consecutive LTx recipients (January 2012 to March 2018), freedom from chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) and graft survival were assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox multivariate analysis.We compared outcomes for desensitised patients with high pre-formed DSAs (n=39) and those with no (n=216) or low pre-formed DSAs (n=66). The desensitisation protocol decreased the level of immunodominant DSA (class I/II) at 1, 3 and 6 months post-LTx (p<0.001, p<0.01 and p<0.001, respectively). Freedom from CLAD and graft survival at 3 years was similar in the desensitised group as a whole and other groups. Nevertheless, incidence of CLAD was higher with persistent high-level DSAs than cleared high-level (p=0.044) or no DSAs (p=0.014). Conversely, graft survival was better with cleared high DSAs than persistent high-level, low-level and no pre-formed DSAs (p=0.019, p=0.025 and p=0.044, respectively). On multivariate analysis, graft survival was associated with cleared high DSAs (hazard ratio 0.12, 95% CI 0.02-0.85 versus no DSAs; p=0.035) and CLAD with persistent DSAs (3.04, 1.02-9.17 versus no pre-formed DSAs; p=0.048).The desensitisation protocol in LTx recipients with high pre-formed DSAs was associated with satisfactory outcome, with cleared high pre-formed DSAs after desensitisation identified as an independent predictor of graft survival.
Covid-19 Vaccine Acceptance in California State Prisons
Authors: Elizabeth T Chin, David Leidner, Theresa Ryckman, Yiran E Liu, Lea Prince, Fernando Alarid-Escudero, Jason R Andrews, Joshua A Salomon, Jeremy D Goldhaber-Fiebert, David M Studdert
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

To the Editor: Prisons and jails are high-risk settings for Covid-19, with case and mortality rates far exceeding those in the general community. 1More incarcerated people have died from Covid-19 in U.S. correctional facilities in the past year than died by capital punishment in the past 70 years. 2Some states, including California, have prioritized incarcerated people for vaccination.The California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR) provided anonymized data at the person-day level for all California prison residents from December 22, 2020, when the CDCR vaccination program began, through March 4, 2021.The data, which are described in the Supplementary Appendix (available with the full text of this letter at NEJM.org) and elsewhere, 3 included variables that indicated which residents were offered doses of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) or mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccine and which residents accepted.Our goal was to calculate the percentage of residents who accepted at least one dose among the residents who were offered doses and to use multivariable logistic regression analysis to estimate the prob-
TGF-β1 Production By Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells of FANCD2 Differs from Other Fanconi Anemia Complementation Groups
Authors: Ilgın Cagnan, Aysen Gunel-Ozcan, Fatima Aerts-Kaya, Najim Ameziane, Baris Kuskonmaz, Josephine Dorsman, Fatma Gumruk, Duygu Cetinkaya
Journal: Blood (2017)
Abstract 16526: The Performance of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association 2013 Pooled Cohort Equations in Cancer Survivors
Authors: Elizabeth Polter, Anne Blaes, Roberta Florido, Julian A Wolfson, Pamela L Lutsey, Corinne Joshu, Elizabeth Platz, Anna Prizment
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Cancer survivors may have greater atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk, due in part to cardiotoxic cancer treatments. We tested how accurately the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association 2013 pooled cohort equations (PCEs) predict 10-year ASCVD risk in cancer survivors. Objective: To estimate the calibration and discrimination of PCEs in cancer survivors as compared to non-cancer participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Methods: We evaluated the PCEs performance among 992 cancer survivors and 3320 cancer-free participants (controls) who were free of ASCVD (defined as myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease death, or stroke) and did not use statins. Each cancer survivor was incidence-density matched with up to five controls by age (within 5 years), race, sex, and study center. Follow-up started at the index visit: the first study visit that occurred at least one year after the diagnosis date of the cancer survivor (1-17 years after diagnosis) and finished at the ASCVD event, death, or end of follow-up. PCE predictors were measured at the index visit. Calibration of PCEs predictions of 10-year ASCVD risk in cancer survivors and controls was assessed using Hosmer-Lemeshow chi-square tests. Discrimination was measured via Harrell’s C-index. Results: 54 (5%) and 224 (7%) ASCVD events were observed in 5411 and 22212 person-years among cancer survivors and controls, respectively. Median age was 69 years. 18% were Black. 51% were female. The PCEs overestimated the risk of CVD among cancer survivors as well as controls (Table 1). Discrimination was moderate in cancer survivors (C=0.73) and poorer than in controls (C=0.77). Conclusions: The PCEs overestimated ASCVD risk in cancer survivors as well as controls. Support: NHLBI, NCI, NPCR
Comparative Analyses of Gibbon Centromeres Reveal Dynamic Genus-Specific Shifts in Repeat Composition
Authors: Gabrielle A Hartley, Mariam Okhovat, Rachel J O’Neill, Lucia Carbone
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2021)

Centromeres are functionally conserved chromosomal loci essential for proper chromosome segregation during cell division, yet they show high sequence diversity across species. Despite their variation, a near universal feature of centromeres is the presence of repetitive sequences, such as DNA satellites and transposable elements (TEs). Because of their rapidly evolving karyotypes, gibbons represent a compelling model to investigate divergence of functional centromere sequences across short evolutionary timescales. In this study, we use ChIP-seq, RNA-seq, and fluorescence in situ hybridization to comprehensively investigate the centromeric repeat content of the four extant gibbon genera (Hoolock, Hylobates, Nomascus, and Siamang). In all gibbon genera, we find that CENP-A nucleosomes and the DNA-proteins that interface with the inner kinetochore preferentially bind retroelements of broad classes rather than satellite DNA. A previously identified gibbon-specific composite retrotransposon, LAVA, known to be expanded within the centromere regions of one gibbon genus (Hoolock), displays centromere- and species-specific sequence differences, potentially as a result of its co-option to a centromeric function. When dissecting centromere satellite composition, we discovered the presence of the retroelement-derived macrosatellite SST1 in multiple centromeres of Hoolock, whereas alpha-satellites represent the predominate satellite in the other genera, further suggesting an independent evolutionary trajectory for Hoolock centromeres. Finally, using de novo assembly of centromere sequences, we determined that transcripts originating from gibbon centromeres recapitulate the species-specific TE composition. Combined, our data reveal dynamic shifts in the repeat content that define gibbon centromeres and coincide with the extensive karyotypic diversity within this lineage.
Abstract 13359: Acute Phase Predictors for In-hospital Mortality and Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension in Acute Pulmonary Embolism Patients
Authors: Megumi Yamamuro, Tomoko Nakayama, Yudai Tamura, Takashi Unoki, Eiji Taguchi, Tadashi Sawamura, Jyunjiroh Koyama, KOICHI NAKAO, Tomohiro Sakamoto
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Background: Various predictors in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) have been reported for in-hospital mortality and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), but none have been established conclusively. Methods and Results: We retrospectively analyzed data that might be associated with in-hospital mortality and CTEPH from patients with acute PE who were admitted to our hospital. Among 163 patients (aged 69.3± 14.6 years) with acute PE, 11 patients (6.7%) died in the hospital. We examined the following acute and chronic-phase data: vital signs, echocardiography values, medications, laboratory test results, blood gas data and heparin infusion time. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the acute-phase levels of plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) (odds ratio (OR), 1.003; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.0004-1.0053; P = 0.034,) and arterial blood gas lactate (OR, 1.306; 95% CI, 1.056-1.615; P = 0.014) were significant independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curves of BNP and arterial blood lactate levels for in-hospital mortality were 0.846 and 0.921, respectively. (BNP, 400.65 pg/mL [sensitivity 77.8%, specificity 84.6%]; lactate 7.9 mmol/L [sensitivity 81.8%, specificity 89.5%]). In univariate logistic regression analysis, the plasma BNP level &gt; 400.65 pg/mL and lactate level &gt; 7.9 mmol/L on admission were significant predictors for in-hospital mortality (OR 62.5, 95% CI 10.0-390.3; P = 0.0001). Among 152 patients (aged 68.9±14.6 years) with acute PE who did not die in-hospital, 15 (9.8%) patients progressed to CTEPH. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) at admission was an independent and significant predictor for CTEPH (OR, 1.183; 95% CI, 1.090-1.285; P = 0.0001). The AUROC curve of RVSP for developing CTEPH was 0.944. (RVSP, 51.4 mm Hg [sensitivity 86.7%, specificity 83.8%]). Conclusions: In patients with acute PE, the acute-phase BNP and arterial blood lactate levels are effective predictors of in-hospital mortality. And RVSP during the acute phase, but not during the chronic phase is an effective predictor of progression to CTEPH.
Understanding the cross-talk between human microbiota and gastrointestinal cancer for developing potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers
Authors: Sheetal Kashyap, Soumya Pal, Gourav Chandan, Vipin Saini, Sasanka Chakrabarti, Neeraj K Saini, Amit Mittal, Vijay Kumar Thakur, Adesh K Saini, Reena V Saini
Journal: Seminars in Cancer Biology (2021)
Abstract 16989: Clinical Outcomes of Atrial Fibrillation With Hyperthyroidism
Authors: MUHAMMAD ZUBAIR Z KHAN, Kirtenkumar Patel, Ashwani Gupta, Jordesha Hodge, Krunalkumar Patel, Muhammad S Zarak, Ahmad Jarrar, NATALIIA KOROL, Steven P Kutalek
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (Afib) is a common cardiac manifestation of hyperthyroidism. The data regarding outcomes of A fib with and without hyperthyroidism are lacking. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that patients with Afib and hyperthyroidism have better clinical outcomes, compared with Afib patients without hyperthyroidism. Methods: We queried National Inpatient Sample database for years 2015 - 2017 using Validated International Classification of Diseases and Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) codes for atrial fibrillation and hyperthyroidism. Patients were separated into 2 groups- A fib with hyperthyroidism and A fib without hyperthyroidism. Results: Study was conducted on 68,095,278 pateints. A total of 9,727,295 Afib patients were identified, out of which 90,635(0.9%) had hyperthyroidism. The prevalence of hyperthyroidism was higher in patients with Afib (0.9% vs 0.4%, p value &lt;0.001), compared with patients without A fib. Using multivariate regression analysis after adjusting for various confounding factors, the odds ratio of Afib with hyperthyroidism was 2.08 (CI 2.07 - 2.10 P&lt;.0001). Afib patients with hyperthyroidism were younger, (70.9 vs75.1 years, p&lt;0.0001) and more likely to be female (63.9% vs 47% p&lt;0.0001) as compared with Afib patients without hyperthyroidism. Afib patients with hyperthyroidism had lower prevalence of CAD (36.4% vs 43.8%,p&lt;0.0001), cardiomyopathy(24.1% vs 25.9%,p&lt;0.0001), valvular disease (6.9% vs 7.4%,p&lt;0.0001), hypertension(60.7% vs 64.4%,p&lt;0.0001) , and diabetes mellitus (28.9% vs 31.8%,p&lt;0.0001). Afib with hyperthyroidism group had lower all-cause mortality (3.3% vs 4.8%, p&lt;0.0001), shorter mean length of stay (5.7 ±6.6 vs 5.9±6.6 days,p&lt;0.0001) and hospitalization cost ($14968±21871 vs $15955±22233, p&lt;0.0001). The disposition to home was higher in Afib with hyperthyroidism patients (50.6% vs 41.8 p&lt;0.0001). Conclusions: Presence of hyperthyroidism is associated with Afib in both univariate and multivariate analysis. Afib patients with hyperthyroidism have better clinical outcomes, compared with Afib patients without hyperthyroidism.
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists, Carotid Atherosclerosis, and Cardiovascular Outcomes
Authors: Guillaume Marquis-Gravel, Jean-Claude Tardif
Journal: Diabetes Care (2021)

Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) represent an integral part of the arsenal used in clinical practice to improve cardiovascular outcomes in patients with diabetes. Large-scale randomized controlled trials have shown that liraglutide, dulaglutide, albiglutide, and semaglutide all reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes and either established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) or high-risk characteristics (1–4). In contrast, exenatide and lixisenatide improved glycemic control but did not have a sizable impact on cardiovascular events in clinical trials (5,6), suggesting that glycemic control and cardiovascular outcomes are at least partly uncoupled. A meta-analysis including 42,920 participants from five randomized trials demonstrated that GLP-1 RA as a drug class are associated with a significant 13% reduction in the risk of the composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular death in patients with diabetes and established ASCVD (7). GLP-1 RA are recommended in patients with diabetes and established ASCVD or at high risk of ASCVD (8). They are also indicated as second-line therapy in patients without ASCVD (or without indicators of high risk) who do not meet treatment goals with lifestyle modifications and metformin alone, and they are preferred to insulin if injectable therapy is needed (8).

Although the …
Abstract 13392: Efficacy and Safety of Dronedarone vs Placebo Across Age and Sex Subgroups: A Post Hoc Analysis of the Athena Study Among Patients With Nonpermanent Atrial Fibrillation/flutter
Authors: Anne B Curtis, Emily P Zeitler, Andrew Bogard, Nidhi Bhattacharyya, John Stewart, Stefan H Hohnloser
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Dronedarone reduced the risk of cardiovascular (CV) hospitalization or death compared with placebo among patients with nonpermanent atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF/AFL) in the ATHENA study (primary endpoint). Prior work suggests a differential response to AF/AFL management based on age and sex. This post hoc analysis assessed response to dronedarone in these important subgroups. Methods: Efficacy and safety of dronedarone vs placebo were analyzed by age (&lt;65y, 65-74y, ≥75y) and sex. Results: Median duration of follow-up was 22 months overall in the ATHENA study. Of 4628 patients, 873 (19%), 1830 (40%), and 1925 (42%) were &lt;65y, 65-74y, ≥75y old, respectively; 2459 (53%) were men. Older patients had a higher prevalence of structural heart disease and higher CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc scores. Dronedarone significantly reduced the risk of first CV hospitalization or death in the 65-74y and ≥75y subgroups, with a similar trend among patients &lt;65y (Table). The same pattern was observed for first CV hospitalization and first AF/AFL recurrence. Dronedarone significantly reduced the risk of first CV hospitalization or death in both men (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.74 [95% confidence interval: 0.64, 0.84]; P &lt; 0.0001) and women (HR: 0.77 [0.67, 0.89]; P = 0.0002). Dronedarone also significantly reduced the risk of first AF/AFL recurrence in men (HR: 0.85 [0.77, 0.94]; P = 0.0017) and women (HR: 0.71 [0.64, 0.80]; P &lt; 0.0001). Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) led to treatment discontinuation in 8% [6%], 13% [6%], and 15% [11%] of patients with dronedarone [placebo] in the &lt;65y, 65-74y, and ≥75y subgroups, respectively, without sex-based differences. Conclusions: In the ATHENA study, dronedarone decreased the risk of CV hospitalization or death and decreased AF/AFL recurrence regardless of patient sex as well as in patients 65y and older. A similar trend was observed in patients &lt;65y. No new drug-related safety signals were identified across age and sex subgroups.
Temporal Trends in Lower-Limb Major and Minor Amputation and Revascularization Procedures in People With Diabetes in England During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Jonathan Valabhji, Emma Barron, Eszter P. Vamos, Ketan Dhatariya, Frances Game, Partha Kar, Andy Weaver, Sophia Verma, Bob Young, Kamlesh Khunti
Journal: Diabetes Care (2021)

The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on amputation incidence in whole populations with diabetes is unknown. Previous reports are restricted to small cohorts from single specialist centers showing varying outcomes, including greater ulcer severity on presentation (1) and increased amputations (2). We aimed to carry out a population-based assessment of lower-limb major amputation, minor amputation, and revascularization procedure numbers and incidences during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in England, covering the period March to June 2020, compared with equivalent time periods in 2017–2019. We also examined data 4 months following the first wave to assess if delayed presentations resulted in a rebound leading to higher than usual amputation incidence.

The Secondary Uses Service data set contains data on inpatient care for all admissions to hospitals in England and was used to identify all major and minor lower-limb amputation and revascularization procedures in people with diabetes in England between 1 January 2017 and 31 October 2020, using all discharges from the hospital up to 31 December 2020. If more than one procedure was performed, all were counted for their respective analyses. For each year, the total number of people with diabetes aged 18 years and over was obtained from the National Diabetes Audit. Age, sex, ethnicity, and deprivation were identified as potential confounding factors. Due to geographical variations …
Digital Interventions for Adults With Symptoms of Depression and Children and Adolescents With Symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Authors: John Torous
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal