tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Wildfire Smoke Pollution, Climate Change, and Skin Disease
Authors: Kenneth W. Kizer
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2021)

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Abstract 17371: In-Hospital Outcomes of Ablation for Ventricular Tachycardia in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Raj Patel, Dipesh Ludhwani, Harsh P Patel, Samarthkumar J Thakkar, Love shah, Fadee Kutom, Chinmay Jani, Rajkumar P Doshi, Shilpkumar Arora, Aakash Sheth, Rushin Patel, Priyal Shah, Hemal Nayak
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Hypothesis: Data on efficacy, safety, and outcomes of catheter ablation for VT in HFrEF have not been studied well. Methods: The 2002-2014 Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) was used to identify all hospitalizations with a principle diagnosis of VT (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Edition, Clinical Modification [ICD-9-CM] code 427.1) and a secondary diagnosis of HFrEF. Patients who underwent catheter ablation were identified using ICD-9-CM procedure code 37.34. Results: Of 228,557 patients with HFrEF &amp; VT, 5845 (2.56%) underwent catheter ablation. The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Chronic Kidney disease (CKD) was higher in the reference population contrary to a higher prevalence of prior myocardial infarction (MI), coronary bypass and AICD in those undergoing CA. The frequency of complications in the ablation group was 19.47%, the most common being post-operative hemorrhage (8.3%). This was followed by myocardial infarction (5.34%), pericardial complications (3.38%), and neurological complications (2.14%) (Figure 1.). The odds of in-hospital mortality were lower in the CA group compared to the reference group (5.08% vs 9.42%, p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: Compared to medical therapy, VT ablation in HFrEF is associated with lower mortality though with significant complication rate. This suggests a need for future studies identifying the safety measures in VT ablations and instituting appropriate interventions to improve overall VT ablation outcomes.
Targeting the MALAT1/PARP1/LIG3 Complex Induces DNA Damage and Apoptosis in Multiple Myeloma Mouse Models
Authors: Yi Hu, Jing Fang, Hua Fang, Chen Li, Shuang Liu, Sarah L. Ondrejka, Zihua Gong, Jaroslaw P. Maciejewski, Frederic J. Reu, Qing Yi, Jianjun Zhao
Journal: Blood (2017)
Long-Term Follow-up of a Prospective Clinical Trial of Carfilzomib, Rituximab and Dexamethasone (CaRD) in Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia
Authors: Kirsten Meid, Toni Dubeau, Patricia Severns, Joshua Gustine, Irene M Ghobrial, Jorge J. Castillo, Steven P Treon
Journal: Blood (2017)
Reduction in<i>T</i><sub>LCO</sub>and survival in a clinical population
Authors: Martin Raymond Miller, Brendan G. Cooper
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2021)

How best to express the level of transfer factor of the lung for carbon monoxide (TLCO) has not been properly explored.We used the most recent clinical data from 13 829 patients (54% male; 10% non-European ancestry; median age 60.5 years, range 20-97 years; median survival 3.5 years, range 0-20 years) to determine how best to express TLCO function in terms of its relationship to survival.The proportion of subjects of non-European ancestry with Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) TLCO z-scores above predicted was reduced, but was significantly increased between -1.5 and -3.5, suggesting the need for ethnicity-appropriate equations. Applying GLI forced vital capacity (FVC) ethnicity methodology to GLI TLCO z-scores removed this ethnic bias and was used for all subsequent analysis. TLCO z-scores using the GLI equations were compared with Miller's USA equations with median TLCO z-scores being -1.43 and -1.50 for GLI and Miller equations, respectively (interquartile range -2.8 to -0.3 and -2.4 to -0.7, respectively). GLI TLCO z-scores gave the best Cox regression model for predicting survival. A previously proposed six-tier grading system for level of lung function did not show much separation in survival risk in the less-severe grades. A new four-tier grading based on z-scores of -1.645, -3 and -5 showed better separation of risk with hazard ratio for all-cause mortality of 2.0, 3.4 and 6.6 with increasing severity.Applying GLI FVC ethnicity methodology to GLI TLCO predictions to remove ethnic bias together with a new four-tier z-score grading best relates TLCO function to survival.
Hepatic Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Is Involved in Mediating Functions of Liraglutide in Mice With Dietary Challenge
Authors: Dinghui Liu, Juan Pang, Weijuan Shao, Jianqiu Gu, Yong Zeng, Housheng Hansen He, Wenhua Ling, Xiaoxian Qian, Tianru Jin
Journal: Hepatology (2021)

Background and Aims Several studies have shown that expression of hepatic fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) can be stimulated by glucagon‐like peptide 1 (GLP‐1)–based diabetes drugs. As GLP‐1 receptor (GLP‐1R) is unlikely to be expressed in hepatocytes, we aimed to compare such stimulation in mice and in mouse hepatocytes, determine the involvement of GLP‐1R, and clarify whether FGF21 mediates certain functions of the GLP‐1R agonist liraglutide. Approach and Results Liver FGF21 expression was assessed in mice receiving a daily liraglutide injection for 3 days or in mouse primary hepatocytes (MPHs) undergoing direct liraglutide treatment. The effects of liraglutide on metabolic improvement and FGF21 expression were then assessed in high‐fat diet (HFD)‐fed mice and compared with the effects of the dipeptidyl‐peptidase 4 inhibitor sitagliptin. Animal studies were also performed in Glp1r−/− mice and liver‐specific FGF21‐knockout ( lFgf21‐KO ) mice. In wild‐type mouse liver that underwent RNA sequencing and quantitative reverse‐transcription PCR, we observed liraglutide‐stimulated hepatic Fgf21 expression and a lack of Glp1r expression. In MPHs, liraglutide did not stimulate Fgf21 . In mice with HFD‐induced obesity, liraglutide or sitagliptin treatment reduced plasma triglyceride levels, whereas their effect on reducing body‐weight gain was different. Importantly, increased hepatic FGF21 expression was observed in liraglutide‐treated mice but was not observed in sitagliptin‐treated mice. In HFD‐fed Glp1r−/− mice, liraglutide showed no beneficial effects and could not stimulate Fgf21 expression. In lFgf21‐KO mice undergoing dietary challenge, the body‐weight‐gain attenuation and lipid homeostatic effects of liraglutide were lost or significantly reduced. Conclusions We suggest that liraglutide‐stimulated hepatic Fgf21 expression may require GLP‐1R to be expressed in extrahepatic organs. Importantly, we revealed that hepatic FGF21 is required for liraglutide to lower body weight and improve hepatic lipid homeostasis. These observations advanced our mechanistic understanding of the function of GLP‐1–based drugs in NAFLD.
Correspondence on ‘Clinical course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a series of 17 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus under long-term treatment with hydroxychloroquine’
Authors: Hercílio Martelli Júnior, Nelson Pereira Marques, Nádia Carolina Teixeira Marques, Edson Gomes de Lucena, Daniella Reis B Martelli, Eduardo A Oliveira
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

The SARS-CoV-2 disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic deeply affected all Brazilian regions. Brazil has seen approximately 12 million cases of COVID-19 and over 294 042 deaths to date (21 March 2021) (https://COVID-19.saude.gov.br/), and the end of the pandemic cannot yet be predicted. The COVID-19 pandemic scenario represents a source of concern for the management of patients with chronic diseases and comorbidities, including autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).1 The new viral infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 seems to lead to the onset or exacerbation of autoimmune diseases in genetically predisposed patients.2–4 SLE is an autoimmune disease prone to flare-ups that are linked to significant morbimortality. Immunosuppression-related infections are one of the leading causes of premature death in patients with SLE. However, there are currently no data to support a higher infection rate or an increased risk for fatal outcome related to COVID-19 in these patients.2–5 One could even speculate the SLE treatment can protect against the serious complications related to COVID-19.2

In this regard, we read the relevant paper by Mathian et al 1 who …
Cost-Effectiveness of Hypertension Treatment by Pharmacists in Black Barbershops
Authors: Kelsey B. Bryant, Andrew E. Moran, Dhruv S. Kazi, Yiyi Zhang, Joanne Penko, Natalia Ruiz-Negrón, Pamela Coxson, Ciantel A. Blyler, Kathleen Lynch, Laura P. Cohen, Gabriel S. Tajeu, Valy Fontil, Norma B. Moy, Joseph E. Ebinger, Florian Rader, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, Brandon K. Bellows
Journal: Circulation (2021)

In LABBPS (Los Angeles Barbershop Blood Pressure Study), pharmacist-led hypertension care in Los Angeles County Black-owned barbershops significantly improved blood pressure control in non-Hispanic Black men with uncontrolled hypertension at baseline. In this analysis, 10-year health outcomes and health care costs of 1 year of the LABBPS intervention versus control are projected.A discrete event simulation of hypertension care processes projected blood pressure, medication-related adverse events, fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular disease events, and noncardiovascular disease death in LABBPS participants. Program costs, total direct health care costs (2019 US dollars), and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were estimated for the LABBPS intervention and control arms from a health care sector perspective over a 10-year horizon. Future costs and QALYs were discounted 3% annually. High and intermediate cost-effectiveness thresholds were defined as <$50 000 and <$150 000 per QALY gained, respectively.At 10 years, the intervention was projected to cost an average of $2356 (95% uncertainty interval, -$264 to $4611) more per participant than the control arm and gain 0.06 (95% uncertainty interval, 0.01-0.10) QALYs. The LABBPS intervention was highly cost-effective, with a mean cost of $42 717 per QALY gained (58% probability of being highly and 96% of being at least intermediately cost-effective). Exclusive use of generic drugs improved the cost-effectiveness to $17 162 per QALY gained. The LABBPS intervention would be only intermediately cost-effective if pharmacists were less likely to intensify antihypertensive medications when systolic blood pressure was ≥150 mm Hg or if pharmacist weekly time driving to barbershops increased.Hypertension care delivered by clinical pharmacists in Black barbershops is a highly cost-effective way to improve blood pressure control in Black men.
A FAREWELL TO ARDS: PAPILLARY MUSCLE RUPTURE FROM INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS MASQUERADING AS COVID PNEUMONIA
Authors: John L. Medamana, Sarah Leone, Anish Vani, Vita Jaspan, Richard Ro, Bernard Kadosh, Kazuhiro Hisamoto, Nathaniel Smilowitz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Abstract 200: Argon Reduces the Vasoconstrictive Effects of Phenylephrine in a Rat Isolated Lung Model
Authors: Josephine E Hees, William J Cleveland, Johannes A Pille, Felicia P Lotze, Michele M Salzman, Claudius Balzer, Matthias L Riess
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Even with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), most patients having an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (CA) either die or endure severe neurological damage. Ventilation with the noble gas Argon (Ar) during CPR improved hemodynamics in a porcine CA model. Hypothesis: Ventilation with Ar attenuates vasoconstriction by phenylephrine, an α 1 agonist, in a rat isolated lung model. Methods: All procedures were approved by our Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee and performed according to the guidelines of the National Research Council’s Guide for the Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. The lungs of adult male Sprague Dawley rats (250-350 g) were isolated and positive-pressure ventilated with a tidal volume of 10 mL/kg body weight (BW) and a respiration rate of 30 breaths/minute. Both the pulmonary artery and left atrium were cannulated for in- and outflow and the lungs perfused at a constant flow of 40 mL/kg BW with a 4% albumin physiological saline solution (NaCl 119 mM, NaHCO 3 24 mM, Glucose 5.5 mM, CaCl 2 1.6 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, MgSO 4 1.17 mM, NaPO 4 1.18 mM) . The mean arterial pressure (MAP) and airway pressure were recorded continuously. The control (C) group (n=6) was ventilated with 65% N 2 , 5% CO 2 , 30% O 2 , the Ar group (n=7) with 65% Ar, 5% CO 2 , 30% O 2 . Baseline (bl) readings for 10 minutes were followed by increasing phenylephrine concentrations from 10 -7 M to 10 -3 M every 5 minutes. Statistics: Student’s t-Test with *p&lt; 0.05. Results: When ventilating with Ar, we observed lower MAPs. For the phenylephrine concentrations 10 -5 M C: 1.31 ± 0.02 vs Ar: 1.21 ± 0.03 and 10 -4 C: 1.48 ± 0.02 vs Ar: 1.32 ± 0.05 the differences were significant. Conclusion: Ventilation with 65% Ar significantly dilated preconstricted pulmonary vessels in an ex-vivo rat lung model. Pulmonary vasodilation might aid to increased cardiac output during CPR.
Abstract 14195: F18 Sodium Fluoride Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography of ex-vivo Human Coronaries With Histological Correlation
Authors: Trisha Youn, Navneet Narula, Steven Salvatore, David Pisapia, Mark Dweck, Fay Lin, Amit Kumar, Jagat Narula, Renu Virmani, James Min
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: F18-NaF PET/CT has been able to detect microcalcification in arteries. Although histopathological correlation of F18-NaF PET activity with microcalcification in the carotid arteries h...
Abstract 17096: The Efficacy of Renal Sympathetic Denervation in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients
Authors: Chan Joon Kim, Kiyuk Chang, Daewon Kim, Man Won Park, Sung-Ho Her
Journal: Circulation (2018)

The efficacy of renal sympathetic denervation in end-stage renal disease patients under hemodialysis Chan Joon Kim, Kiyuk Chang, Daewon Kim, Manwon Park, Jung Sun Cho, Sung-Ho Her Introduction: The end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients who are under under renal replacement therapy, have often have uncontrolled, resistant hypertension. Renal sympathetic denervation (RDN) with radiofrequency ablation catheter has shown promising results in resistant hypertension. The purpose this pilot study is to assess the efficacy of RDN in resistant hypertension in ESRD patients. Method: Patients who are under renal hemodialysis and inter-dialytic SBP &gt; 160 mmHg despite of three or more antihypertensives were eligible for enrollment. 8 patients were allocated to either medical therapy group or RDN group by randomization. RDN was performed with Symplicity RDN catheter (Medtronic®).The primary outcome was change in SBP change in an inter-dialytic day in 3 months. The secondary outcome was change in DBP in 3 months, left ventricular mass index (LVMI). Results: The baseline SBP/DBP were 172.2 ± 9.5/ 88.7 ± 12.1 mmHg for the intervention group and 164.0 ± 6.9/84.7 ± 13.4 for medical group. Baseline ambulatory SBP was 164.8 ± 4.4 for the intervention group and 162 ± 8.4 mmHg for medical therapy group. The 3 month SBP/DBP were 155.5 ± 12.2/80.2 ± 7.7 for the intervention group and 167.5 ± 10.3/83.6 mmHg for medical therapy group. The mean change in SBP was 18.4 ± 4.5 mmHg for the intervention group and 2.8 mmHg ± 3.8 mmHg for the medical group ( p =0.03). The mean LVMI 194.3 ± 10.4 g/m2 for the intervention group and 187.4 ± 11.5 g/m2 for the medical therapy group. The mean change in LVMI was 41.4 ± 3.5 g/m2 for the intervention group and 1.1 g ± 4.4 g/m2 for the medical group ( p =0.03). Conclusion: This pilot study suggests that RDN may have therapeutic effect in resistant hypertension in ESRD patients and may have a role in regression in left ventricular hypertrophy.
SIRT5 Is a Druggable Metabolic Vulnerability in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Dongqing Yan, Anca Franzini, Anthony D. Pomicter, Brayden J. Halverson, Orlando Antelope, Clinton C. Mason, Jonathan M. Ahmann, Anna V. Senina, Nadeem A. Vellore, Courtney L. Jones, Matthew S. Zabriskie, Hein Than, Michael J. Xiao, Alexandria van Scoyk, Ami B. Patel, Phillip M. Clair, William L. Heaton, Shawn C. Owen, Joshua L. Andersen, Christina M. Egbert, Julie A. Reisz, Angelo D'Alessandro, James E. Cox, Kevin C. Gantz, Hannah M. Redwine, Siddharth M. Iyer, Jamshid S. Khorashad, Nima Rajabi, Christian A. Olsen, Thomas O'Hare, Michael W. Deininger
Journal: Blood Cancer Discovery (2021)

Abstract We discovered that the survival and growth of many primary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) samples and cell lines, but not normal CD34+ cells, are dependent on SIRT5, a lysine deacylase implicated in regulating multiple metabolic pathways. Dependence on SIRT5 is genotype agnostic and extends to RAS- and p53-mutated AML. Results were comparable between SIRT5 knockdown and SIRT5 inhibition using NRD167, a potent and selective SIRT5 inhibitor. Apoptosis induced by SIRT5 disruption is preceded by reductions in oxidative phosphorylation and glutamine utilization, and an increase in mitochondrial superoxide that is attenuated by ectopic superoxide dismutase 2. These data indicate that SIRT5 controls and coordinates several key metabolic pathways in AML and implicate SIRT5 as a vulnerability in AML. Significance: Reducing SIRT5 activity is detrimental to the survival of AML cells regardless of genotype, yet well tolerated by healthy hematopoietic cells. In mouse models, disrupting SIRT5 inhibits AML progression. SIRT5 controls several metabolic pathways that are required for leukemia cell survival. These results identify SIRT5 as a therapeutic target in AML. See related commentary by Li and Melnick, p. 198.
Abstract IA-004: The impact of gut microbiota on the radiotherapy-induced antitumor immune response
Authors: Mireia Uribe-Herranz, Stavros Rafail, Silvia Beghi, Ioannis Verginadis, Clementina Mesaros, Costantinos Koumenis, Andrea Facciabene
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract Alterations in gut microbiota impact the pathophysiology of several diseases, including cancer. Radiotherapy (RT), an established curative and palliative cancer treatment, exerts potent immune modulatory effects, inducing tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cross-priming with antitumor CD8+ T cell elicitation and abscopal effects. We tested whether the gut microbiota modulates antitumor immune response following RT distal to the gut. Vancomycin, an antibiotic that acts mainly on gram-positive bacteria and is restricted to the gut, potentiated the RT-induced antitumor immune response and tumor growth inhibition. This synergy was dependent on TAA cross presentation to cytolytic CD8+ T cells and on IFN-γ. Notably, butyrate, a metabolite produced by the vancomycin-depleted gut bacteria, abrogated the vancomycin effect. In conclusion, depletion of vancomycin-sensitive bacteria enhances the antitumor activity of RT, which has important clinical ramifications. Citation Format: Mireia Uribe-Herranz, Stavros Rafail, Silvia Beghi, Ioannis Verginadis, Clementina Mesaros, Costantinos Koumenis, Andrea Facciabene. The impact of gut microbiota on the radiotherapy-induced antitumor immune response [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Radiation Science and Medicine; 2021 Mar 2-3. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2021;27(8_Suppl):Abstract nr IA-004.
Large-scale sequencing of flatfish genomes provides insights into the polyphyletic origin of their specialized body plan
Authors: Zhenming Lü, Li Gong, Yandong Ren, Yongjiu Chen, Zhongkai Wang, Liqin Liu, Haorong Li, Xianqing Chen, Zhenzhu Li, Hairong Luo, Hui Jiang, Yan Zeng, Yifan Wang, Kun Wang, Chen Zhang, Haifeng Jiang, Wenting Wan, Yanli Qin, Jianshe Zhang, Liang Zhu, Wei Shi, Shunping He, Bingyu Mao, Wen Wang, Xiaoyu Kong, Yongxin Li
Journal: Nature Genetics (2021)

Abstract The evolutionary and genetic origins of the specialized body plan of flatfish are largely unclear. We analyzed the genomes of 11 flatfish species representing 9 of the 14 Pleuronectiforme families and conclude that Pleuronectoidei and Psettodoidei do not form a monophyletic group, suggesting independent origins from different percoid ancestors. Genomic and transcriptomic data indicate that genes related to WNT and retinoic acid pathways, hampered musculature and reduced lipids might have functioned in the evolution of the specialized body plan of Pleuronectoidei. Evolution of Psettodoidei involved similar but not identical genes. Our work provides valuable resources and insights for understanding the genetic origins of the unusual body plan of flatfishes.
Suicide in England in the COVID-19 pandemic: Early observational data from real time surveillance
Authors: Louis Appleby, Nicola Richards, Saied Ibrahim, Pauline Turnbull, Cathryn Rodway, Nav Kapur
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2021)

There have been concerns that the COVID-19 pandemic may lead to an increase in suicide. The coronial system in England is not suitable for timely monitoring of suicide because of the delay of several months before inquests are held.
Transforming growth factor-β1-induced N-cadherin drives cell–cell communication through connexin43 in osteoblast lineage
Authors: Yueyi Yang, Wenjing Liu, JieYa Wei, Yujia Cui, Demao Zhang, Jing Xie
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2021)

Abstract Gap junction (GJ) has been indicated to have an intimate correlation with adhesion junction. However, the direct interaction between them partially remains elusive. In the current study, we aimed to elucidate the role of N-cadherin, one of the core components in adhesion junction, in mediating connexin 43, one of the functional constituents in gap junction, via transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) induction in osteoblasts. We first elucidated the expressions of N-cadherin induced by TGF-β1 and also confirmed the upregulation of Cx43, and the enhancement of functional gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) triggered by TGF-β1 in both primary osteoblasts and MC3T3 cell line. Colocalization analysis and Co-IP experimentation showed that N-cadherin interacts with Cx43 at the site of cell–cell contact. Knockdown of N-cadherin by siRNA interference decreased the Cx43 expression and abolished the promoting effect of TGF-β1 on Cx43. Functional GJICs in living primary osteoblasts and MC3T3 cell line were also reduced. TGF-β1-induced increase in N-cadherin and Cx43 was via Smad3 activation, whereas knockdown of Smad3 signaling by using siRNA decreased the expressions of both N-cadherin and Cx43. Overall, these data indicate the direct interactions between N-cadherin and Cx43, and reveal the intervention of adhesion junction in functional gap junction in living osteoblasts.