tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hyperemic response of the coronary circulation to brief diastolic occlusion in the conscious dog.
Authors: G GSchwartz, P AMcHale, J CGreenfield
Journal: Circulation Research (1982)

This study was undertaken to determine whether coronary blood flow can be regulated in response to coronary arterial occlusions briefer than a single diastole. The possible involvement of metabolic vs. myogenic mechanisms in such regulation was investigated. Eleven conscious dogs with experimentally produced complete heart block, chronically implanted electromagnetic flow probes, and pneumatic occluders on the left circumflex coronary artery were studied. Diastolic coronary occlusions lasting 100 to 400 msec were performed at paced heart rates of 40, 60, and 120 beats/min. At a heart rate of 60 beats/min, a 200-msec occlusion was sufficiently long to produce a significant reactive hyperemic response; 400-mec occlusions resulted in larger responses, while 100-msec occlusions did not generate a discernible response. The onset of reactive hyperemia was delayed from the end of the occlusion until the first post-occlusion systole. The length of this delay could be altered by changing the heart rate or occlusio...
Autoantibodies against beta-adrenoceptors in human idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy.
Authors: C JLimas, I FGoldenberg, CLimas
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Although it is recognized that the number of cardiac beta-adrenoceptors is reduced in human dilated cardiomyopathy, the mechanisms involved have not been defined. We examined the possible role of altered humoral immunity by comparing the effect of sera from patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (n = 20), ischemic or valvular heart disease (n = 28), or controls with no known cardiac disease (n = 18) on the binding of radioligands to cardiac beta-receptors. The ability of sera from cardiomyopathic patients to inhibit the binding of [3H]dihydroalprenolol to rat cardiac membranes was significantly higher than that of the other two patient groups (40 +/- 5% at 50-fold serum dilution compared to 14 +/- 3% for the ischemic/valvular heart disease group, and 14 +/- 4% for the normal control group, p less than 0.001). A similar inhibition was exerted by IgG from cardiomyopathic patients. Only the number, not the affinity, of the beta-receptors was decreased by cardiomyopathic sera. This decrease could be ...
Left ventricular diastolic pressure-segment length relations and end-diastolic distensibility in dogs with coronary stenoses. An angina physiology model.
Authors: SMomomura, A BBradley, WGrossman
Journal: Circulation Research (1984)

Isovolumic relaxation abnormalities have been noted in the ischemic left ventricle, but altered end-diastolic distensibility, as well as the role of right ventricular distention, is debated. Accordingly, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and myocardial segment length were studied in the open-chest dogs with critical (90% diameter reduction) stenoses on both left anterior descending and circumflex coronary arteries. Regional segment length was measured with ultrasonic crystals placed subendocardially, and ischemia was induced by pacing tachycardia for 3 minutes. Transient vena caval occlusion was done to unload the right ventricle and to produce a series of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and left ventricular end-diastolic segment length points before and after pacing tachycardia. After pacing tachycardia, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (9.3 +/- 0.9 to 16.9 +/- 1.5 mm Hg, P less than 0.001) and time constant T of left ventricular isovolumic pressure decline (46 +/- 3 to 60 +/- 5 msec...
Systolic and diastolic dysfunction during atrial pacing in conscious dogs with left ventricular hypertrophy.
Authors: A MFujii, R JGelpi, IMirsky, S FVatner
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

To determine the extent to which the hypertrophied left ventricle responds to the chronotropic stress induced by graded atrial pacing rates, we studied conscious, chronically instrumented dogs with severe compensated pressure overload left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy induced by aortic banding in puppies 8-10 weeks of age. At 1-2 years, dogs with severe LV hypertrophy (LV free wall/body wt ratio 6.8 +/- 0.6 g/kg) and sham-operated littermates (LV free wall/body wt ratio 4.0 +/- 0.3 g/kg) were instrumented with ultrasonic dimension crystals to measure LV short axis internal diameter and wall thickness, miniature LV pressure transducers, and aortic and LV catheters. During atrial pacing (240 beats/min) in eight control dogs, LV pressure did not change from 119 +/- 2 mm Hg, and mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (VCF) did not change from 1.25 +/- 0.09/sec. In seven dogs with LV hypertrophy, atrial pacing (240 beats/min) decreased systolic LV function; that is, LV systolic pressure decreased (p...
Effects of right ventricular ischemia on left ventricular geometry and the end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship in the dog.
Authors: YGoto, JYamamoto, MSaito, KHaze, TSumiyoshi, KFukami, KHiramori
Journal: Circulation (1985)

We studied the effects of right ventricular ischemia on left ventricular three-dimensional geometry and the end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship in 16 open-chest dogs before and after pericardiectomy. Left ventricular volume was calculated from three internal dimensions measured with ultrasonic crystals. In one group of eight dogs, right coronary artery (RCA) occlusion for 2 min with the pericardium intact reduced aortic flow by 24 +/- 9% (p less than .001) and septal-lateral dimension by 8 +/- 5% (p less than .01), without changing anterior-posterior and apical-basal dimensions. However, parameters of left ventricular systolic function (aortic flow, left ventricular systolic pressure, peak dP/dt, and mean percent systolic shortening) were similar to those observed at a comparable level of left ventricular end-diastolic volume during inferior vena caval occlusion. In the other group of eight dogs, during RCA occlusion before pericardiectomy the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure-volume relation...
Primary and secondary benefits from treatment for alcoholism
Authors: D Edwards, S Bucky, P Coben, S Fichman, N H Berry
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1977)

The authors recorded diagnoses and total number of sick days for 148 men before and after treatment for alcoholism in a Navy alcoholic rehabilitation center. Over a 4-year period (2 years before and 2 years after treatment), there was a reduction of sick days for each man and a reduction of alcohol-and nonalcohol-related complaints. The authors stress the importance of valid evaluation criteria for alcohol rehabilitation programs.
Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Rory C. O'Connor, Matthew Hotopf, Carol M. Worthman, V. Hugh Perry, Irene Tracey, Simon Wessely, Louise Arseneault, Clive Ballard, Helen Christensen, Roxane Cohen Silver, Tamsin Ford, Ann John, Thomas Kabir, Kate King, Alan Simpson, Ira Madan, Katherine Cowan, Ed Bullmore, Emily A. Holmes
Journal: The Lancet Psychiatry (2020)
Na+-Ca2+ exchange in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells.
Authors: E GNabel, B CBerk, T ABrock, T WSmith
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) contract as intracellular free calcium ([Ca2+]i) rises. While Na+-Ca2+ exchange has been proposed to contribute to transmembrane Ca2+ flux, its role in cultured VSMC is unknown. Accordingly, we have investigated the role of Na+-Ca2+ exchange in unidirectional and net transmembrane Ca2+ fluxes in cultured rat aortic VSMC under basal conditions and following agonist-mediated stimulation. Transmembrane Ca2+ uptake was significantly increased in response to a low external Na+ concentration ([Na+]o) compared with 140 mM [Na+]o. Na+-dependent Ca2+ uptake in response to low [Na+]o was further increased by intracellular Na+ loading by preincubation of the VSMC with 1 mM ouabain. Under steady-state conditions, Ca2+ content varied inversely with [Na+]o, increasing from 1.0 nmol Ca2+/mg protein at 140 mM [Na+]o to 4.0 nmol Ca2+/mg protein at 20 mM [Na+]o. Increasing [K+]o to 55 mM also enhanced Na+-dependent Ca2+ influx. Augmentation of Ca2+ uptake with K+ depolarization was not s...
Transaortic occlusion of collateral arteries to the lung by detachable valved balloons in a patient with tetralogy of Fallot.
Authors: V SGrinnell, C MMehringer, G BHieshima, PStanley, P RLurie
Journal: Circulation (1982)

A 5-year-old boy with tetralogy of Fallot, near-atresia of the right ventricular outflow tract and large collateral arteries to the lungs underwent an infundibulectomy without closure of the ventricular septal defect. Further surgery required preliminary reduction of the collateral circulation. The collateral arteries were successfully occluded by metrizimide-filled balloons. There was no change in arterial oxygen saturation, nor were there any complications. This new technique has significant advantages over existing alternatives.
Hemodynamic effects of n-acetylprocainamide compared with procainamide in conscious dogs.
Authors: F RBadke, R AWalsh, M HCrawford, TLudden, R AO'Rourke
Journal: Circulation (1981)

We examined the hemodynamic actions of clinically relevant i.v. doses (20 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg) of n-acetyl procainamide (NAPA) in conscious dogs preinstrumented with a left ventricular (LV) micromanometer, LV and aortic catheters, and ultrasonic crystals for measurement of LV internal diameter shortening (% delta D). Within 30 seconds after the 20-mg/kg dose, there were significant increases in heart rate (27 +/- 7 beats/min, mean +/- SEM; n = 6), maximum dP/dt (655 +/- 206 mm Hg/sec), and % delta D (2.2 +/- 0.9%; all p less than or equal to 0.05). However, by 6 hours after the dose there were reductions compared with control in peak LV pressure (19 +/- 9 mm Hg), dP/dt (610 +/- 210 mm Hg/sec), and % delta D (2.3 +/- 0.6%; all p less than or equal to 0.05). In contrast, equimolar doses of procainamide or drug vehicle alone evoked no response, as did NAPA after pretreatment with reserpine (0.25 mg/kg/day for 2 days) or hexamethonium (10-15 mg/kg). These data suggest NAPA produces a biphasic hemodynamic respo...
In vitro hydrodynamic comparison of mitral valve bioprostheses.
Authors: SGabbay, D MMcQueen, E LYellin, R WFrater
Journal: Circulation (1979)

With the use of the pulse duplicator built in our laboratory, the hydrodynamic characteristics of three sizes of the four commercially available mitral bioprostheses, Hancock, Carpentier-Edwards, Angell-Shiley, and Ionescu-Shiley, were studied and compared. A wide range of performance was found: for example, during pulsatile testing, at peak flow of 15 1/min (corresonding to a normal resting cardiac output) transvalvular gradients varied from as high as 20 mm Hg (Angell-Shiley) to 5 mm Hg(Ionescu-Shiley) in the 25 mm mounting diameter size. Effective orifice areas (EOA) are significantly different in valves of the same mounting size, e.g., at peak flows of 20 1/min, the Ionescu-Shiley 25 provides an EOA of 1.7 cm2 while the Angell-Shiley provides only 1.17 cm2. The EOAs of all bioprostheses have been found to increase with increasing flow (e.g., from 10--30 1/min peak flow, the Hancock 25 changed from 1.25 cm2 to 1.50 cm2). The Gorlin formula, as constituted for calculating the area of stenotic mitral val...
The role of antibody indexes in clinical virology
Authors: Marc C. Shamier, Susanne Bogers, Erlangga Yusuf, Marloes van Splunter, Josianne C.E.M. ten Berge, Maarten Titulaer, Jeroen J.A. van Kampen, Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2021)

Serological techniques are an essential part of the diagnostic tools used in clinical virology. Among these techniques, antibody indexes are not novel, but do require specific expertise. Their niche has expanded substantially in recent years due to increasing evidence of their performance to diagnose viral infections.This narrative review describes the background and clinical applications of antibody indexes. The first objective is to provide an overview of the theoretical background, insights for implementation, limitations and pitfalls. The second objective is to review the available evidence for the diagnostic performance, with a specific focus on viral encephalitis and uveitis.A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed, including original studies and reviews, with no time limit on the studies included. The following search terms were used: antibody index, Goldmann-Witmer coefficient, Reibergram, viral encephalitis, viral uveitis, herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, rubella virus, measles virus, enterovirus, influenza virus, flaviviruses.Antibody indexes can support the diagnosis of a spectrum of viral infections in immune privileged sites such as the central nervous system and the eye, through the demonstration of virus-specific intrathecal or intraocular antibody production. This is especially useful in situations where PCR has a lower positivity rate: infections with rapid viral clearance due to natural immunity or treatment and chronic stages of viral infections.Antibody indexes expand the clinical microbiologist's diagnostic toolbox. Careful interpretation of the results of these assays is crucial and further standardization of methods is required to improve interchangeability of results between laboratories.
Drug Effects on Driving Performance
Authors: James T. Angello
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Letters17 October 2000Drug Effects on Driving PerformanceJames T. Angello, PharmD and Howard M. Druce, MDJames T. Angello, PharmDWarner-Lambert Co.; Morris Plains, NJ 07950 (Angello, Druce)Search for more papers by this author and Howard M. Druce, MDWarner-Lambert Co.; Morris Plains, NJ 07950 (Angello, Druce)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-133-8-200010170-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Weiler and colleagues (1) compared the effects of two antihistamines and alcohol on driving performance. Our conclusions differ from the authors'.The coherence end point was a measure of a driver's ability to match the speed of a simulated lead vehicle. The mean coherence was highest with alcohol and was second-to-lowest with placebo. This makes no sense. How can driving competency be improved by ingesting alcohol to a blood level of approximately 0.1%? This ranking was the basis for building a case that diphenhydramine caused more impairment than alcohol. The differences between treatments for the primary end ...References1. Weiler JM, Bloomfield JR, Woodworth GG, Grant AR, Layton TA, Brown TL, et al . Effects of fexofenadine, diphenhydramine, and alcohol on driving performance. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial in the Iowa Driving Simulator. Ann Intern Med. 2000;132:354-63. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Friedel B, Joo S, Reker K, Kading W, Klostermann P, Saternus KS, et al. Test drivers in the Daimler-Benz driving simulator with drivers under diphenhydramine. Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration; 1991. US-DOT-HS-807-668; NTIS No. PB91-230896. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: James T. Angello, PharmD; Howard M. Druce, MDAffiliations: Warner-Lambert Co.; Morris Plains, NJ 07950 (Angello, Druce) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoEffects of Fexofenadine, Diphenhydramine, and Alcohol on Driving Performance John M. Weiler , John R. Bloomfield , George G. Woodworth , Angela R. Grant , Teresa A. Layton , Timothy L. Brown , David R. McKenzie , Thomas W. Baker , and Ginger S. Watson Drug Effects on Driving Performance John M. Weiler , George Woodworth , and Ginger Watson Drug Effects on Driving Performance Dick de Waard and Karel A. Brookhuis Drug Effects on Driving Performance Thomas H. Lee , Jessica Dudley , and Harold J. Demonaco Metrics 17 October 2000Volume 133, Issue 8Page: 657KeywordsAlcoholsAntihistaminesBloodClinical trialsDrugsSedation ePublished: 17 October 2000 Issue Published: 17 October 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
191TiP Accelerating lung cancer diagnosis through liquid biopsy
Authors: M. García Pardo de Santayana, K. Czarnecka, T. Waddell, T. Stockley, J. Law, L.W. Le, P. Pal, P. Rogalla, D.C. Kelly, N. Leighl
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Evidence for treating rheumatoid arthritis to target: results of a systematic literature search update
Authors: Rudra Prosad Goswami, Kaushik Basu, Shyamashis Das, Sumantro Mondal, Parasar Ghosh, Alakendu Ghosh
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

We read with interest a recent paper by Stoffer et al 1 on treat to target (T2T) evidence for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) published in the current issue of the journal.

The systematic literature review provided newer evidence by building on the existing 2010 T2T recommendations for RA.2 Based on this paper, the 2014 recommendation update was also published in the same issue. We congratulate the authors for performing thorough evidence summary. However, we would like to share a few concerns pertaining to the present paper.

The authors comment in their results section regarding the cost-effectiveness of the T2T strategy depending on a paper by Vermeer  et al .3

Methotrexate monotherapy, when applied to patients with RA naive to combination synthetic disease modifying anti rheumatic therapy (csDMARD), affords a disease activity score (DAS)28-based remission in 20%–25% patients …
Alterations in ventricular contraction pattern in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Detection by echocardiography.
Authors: A NDeMaria, ZVera, ANeumann, D TMason
Journal: Circulation (1976)

The effects of abnormal ventricular activation upon the contractile pattern of the ventricles in patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) remain uncertain. Therefore we compared the motion of the anterior right ventricular wall (RV), the interventricular septum (IVS), and left ventricular posterior wall (LVPW) on echogram in nine patients with WPW and one patient with a coronary sinus pacemaker (CSP) to 20 normal subjects. Normal subjects manifested posterior RV motion which began and reached maximal excursion at 175 and 366 msec (group mean), respectively, after the onset of the QRS complex; posterior movement of the IVS which started and peaked at 90 and 30 msec, respectively; and anterior contraction of the LVPW which began and peaked at 159 and 406 msec, respectively. Five of seven patients with Type A WPW demonstrated a localized area of premature contraction of the LVPW occuring during the initial 100 msec interval following the onset of the QRS complex which was accompanied by paradox...
Detection of dissection of the aortic intima and media after angioplasty of coarctation of the aorta. An angiographic, computer tomographic, and echocardiographic comparative study.
Authors: RErbel, IBednarczyk, TPop, MTodt, K JHenrichs, ABrunier, MThelen, JMeyer
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Balloon coarctation angioplasty (BCA) was performed in eight patients (five male and three female) who were 14-49 years old (mean, 27.3 years) with isolated discrete unoperated coarctation of the aorta (n = 7) and postoperative recoarctation (n = 1). BCA was successful in seven of eight patients, resulting in a decrease in the gradient (64 +/- 19 to 16 +/- 13 mm Hg, p less than 0.01), an increase in the diameter at the coarctation site (0.9 +/- 0.4 to 1.6 +/- 0.4 mm, p less than 0.01). Follow-up (6 months) has demonstrated continued gradient relief (6 +/- 9 mm Hg) and diameter increase (1.6 +/- 0.2 cm). Monitoring was performed by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) during BCA, and before and after BCA angiography and after BCA computed tomography. In three of seven patients, immediately distal to the BCA site, intimal flaps (1-2 cm) could be detected by TEE but not by angiography or computed tomography. Follow-up TEE showed spontaneous healing in two and persistence in one patient. By TEE and computed...
Altered myocardial mechanics in diabetic rats.
Authors: F SFein, L BKornstein, J EStrobeck, J MCapasso, E HSonnenblick
Journal: Circulation Research (1980)

Diabetes mellitus is associated frequently with congestive heart failure in humans, even in the absence of associated coronary disease or hypertension. Nevertheless, the effects of the diabetic state on myocardial mechanics have not been studied. Accordingly, diabetes was induced in female Wistar rats by injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). Left ventricular papillary muscles were studied 5, 10, and 30 weeks later and compared with controls. Relaxation was delayed significantly and velocity of shortening was depressed at all loads. However, the passive and active force-length curves, as well as the series elastic properties, were not altered. The changes in cardiac performance were found over a range of muscle lengths, stimulus frequencies, and bath concentrations of calcium, glucose, and norepinephrine. The duration of diabetes had no major effect on the mechanical changes observed. The possible influences of drug-induced cardiac toxicity, malnutrition, and altered thyroid hormone levels have been cons...
Vanadate effect on the Na,K-ATPase and the Na-K pump in in vitro-grown rat vascular smooth muscle cells.
Authors: B MSearle, HHigashino, FKhalil, J DBogden, ATokushige, HTamura, MKino, AAviv
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

The impact of vanadate on the Na,K-ATPase system in the vascular smooth muscle cell is poorly understood. The present study describes the kinetics of the effect of vanadate on Na,K-ATPase and the Na-K pump in in vitro grown rat VSMC's. Vanadate interaction with the Na,K-ATPase system in vascular smooth muscle cells was examined by observing its influence on ouabain-sensitive adenosine triphosphate hydrolysis in disrupted cells rendered permeable by osmotic shock, and the uptake of rubidium by intact cells. The I50 for vanadate inhibition of ouabain-sensitive hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate occurred at vanadate concentrations of 10(-6) to 10(-7) M. This inhibition was potassium dependent. The maximal inhibitory effect of vanadate occurred at potassium concentrations of 10-20 mEq/liter. Sodium exerted a moderate antagonistic influence on vanadate inhibition of ouabain-sensitive adenosine triphosphate hydrolysis. Rubidium uptake by vascular smooth muscle cells was not altered within 120 minutes when 10(...
Iodine 123-phenylpentadecanoic acid myocardial scintigraphy: usefulness in the identification of myocardial ischemia.
Authors: P LKennedy, J RCorbett, P VKulkarni, C LWolfe, D EJansen, C LHansen, L MBuja, R WParkey, J TWillerson
Journal: Circulation (1986)

In this study, we tested the hypothesis that myocardial ischemia induced by exercise in patients is associated with diminished metabolism and/or delayed clearance of an intravenously injected fatty acid, iodine 123-labeled phenylpentadecanoic acid (IPPA). Fifteen normal volunteers and 18 patients with significant coronary heart disease (CHD) received IPPA during exercise. In the patients with CHD, radionuclide ventriculograms were also obtained during exercise. The normal volunteers had relatively uniform initial left ventricular segmental IPPA activity after exercise and uniform IPPA clearance in the interval from 4 to 20 min immediately after exercise. In contrast, the patients with CHD had increased initial left ventricular segmental IPPA activity (63%, p less than .001) and delayed IPPA clearance (44%, p less than .01) in segments supplied by significantly narrowed coronary arteries. Based on analysis with the mean values +/- 1 SD for initial IPPA activity, clearance, or both in normal volunteers, the...