tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cerebral Circulation
Authors: Clark H. Millikan
Journal: JAMA (1978)

THE MODERN era of cerebrovascular disease began in 1946 with a landmark paper by Kubik and Adams.<sup>1</sup>A description of antecedent symptoms and those of onset as well as of neurological abnormalities of the final illness was provided for each of the 18 patients. The authors did not discuss the possible importance of antecedent symptoms, ie, attacks, in six patients and probable warning symptoms in four others. These episodes are now called transient ischemic (focal cerebral) attacks (TIA). <h3>Review of the Literature</h3> The report of the nitrous oxide method for the quantitative determination of cerebral blood flow in man in 1948 by Kety and Schmidt<sup>2</sup>opened an era that has seen the publication of thousands of papers about cerebral blood flow in animals and man. The Kety and Schmidt method, ie, Fick principle, has been modified in a number of ways, particularly with technical improvements, including computer analysis.
Committee on the Review of Medicines. Recommendations on phenylbutazone, oxyphenbutazone, feprazone, allopurinol, colchicine, probenecid, and sulphinpyrazone.
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Three years ago the Committee on the Review of Medicines began a review for the Medicines Commission of the drugs which were already on the market.The first set of its recommen- dations was published last year (17 September, p 758).Further recommendations are published below. PhenylbutazoneIndications.Rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthrosis, ankylosing spondylitis and gout, osteoarthrosis of the spine and degenerative disc disease presenting as lumbago, sciatica, or radiculitis.Prolapsed intervertebral disc.Reiter's disease and other seronegative (nonrheumatoid) arthropathies.Bone pain associated with Paget's disease and secondary neoplasm.Moderate to extensive superficial thrombo- phlebitis.Dosage.ADULTS: Oral 400-600 mg daily initially, 200-300 mg daily maintenance, maximum 800 mg in acute gout.Rectal: 250- 500 mg daily by suppository.Intramuscular injection: 600 mg every 2-3 days.CHILDREN: 5-10 mg/kg daily (orally).Contraindications.Where danger of cardiac decompensation exists.Renal or hepatic disease including recent hepatitis.History of peptic ulceration, blood dyscrasia, known sensitivity to pyrazoles.Precautions.History of dyspepsia.Concurrent therapy with other plasma protein-binding drugs-for example, oral anticoagulants, oral hypoglycaemic agents-may necessitate a modification in dosage.Warnings and adverse effects.Gastrointestinal intolerance and bleeding.Blood dyscrasias may occur suddenly even after a small dose, particularly in the elderly.Blood count should be monitored both before and regularly during treatment.Associated risks of phenylbutazone therapy should always be weighed against the severity of the patient's condition and the expected clinical effect.
Annals Graphic Medicine - Long Haul
Authors: Arun Thekkekarott Kuruvila, Nikita Hegde
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Web ExclusivesMarch 2022Annals Graphic Medicine - Long HaulFREEArun Thekkekarott Kuruvila, MBBS, MD and Nikita Hegde, MBBS, MDArun Thekkekarott Kuruvila, MBBS, MDAsante Rogue Regional Medical Center, Medford, Oregon (A.T.K.)Search for more papers by this author and Nikita Hegde, MBBS, MDA.J. Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalore, India (N.H.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/G21-0085 SectionsAboutVisual AbstractPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Download figure Download PowerPoint Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Teresa MitchellN/A15 February 2022 Doctor Those medical and nursing personnel who worked in dialysis during the past two years were and are true heroes. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Arun Thekkekarott Kuruvila, MBBS, MD; Nikita Hegde, MBBS, MDAffiliations: Asante Rogue Regional Medical Center, Medford, Oregon (A.T.K.)A.J. Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalore, India (N.H.)Disclosures: Authors have reported no disclosures of interest. Forms can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=G21-0085.Author/Illustrator Information: Arun Thekkekarott Kuruvila, MBBS, MD, is a hospitalist in Oregon and an acclaimed artist who has displayed his artwork at high-quality exhibitions in India and the United States (e-mail, [email protected]com). Nikita Hegde, MBBS, MD, is an anesthesiologist and art enthusiast (e-mail, [email protected]com).This article was published at Annals.org on 15 February 2022. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics March 2022Volume 175, Issue 3Page: W39-W40 ePublished: 15 February 2022 Issue Published: March 2022 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2022 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
THE PUBLIC SERVICES.
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Government Services
Journal: JAMA (1941)

<h3>First Aid Training by Bureau of Mines</h3> The U. S. Bureau of Mines, Washington, D. C., during the last fiscal year gave first aid training to nearly 100,000 persons, raising the total number of persons who have received first aid certificates from the bureau of mines to more than 1,375,000. The bureau has also given instruction in the use of gas masks and in methods of handling explosions and fires in mines to about 75,000 persons. Nevertheless, in coal mines during the year there were seven major disasters with a total of 155 deaths, as compared with three major disasters and 206 deaths for the fiscal year 1940. To help reduce injuries in coal mines, the Congress of the United States passed on May 7 the Federal Mine Inspection Act, which empowers the Bureau of Mines to make inspections and investigations in coal mines. A corps of mine inspectors will
Accelerated Approval
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abortion.
Authors: C P Rice-Oxley
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Professor Peter Hungerford (25 August, p 496) says that he is fed up with semantic arguments about abortion which ignore reality. He then invokes two major fantasies of the last decade, those of sexual equality and the woman's right to choose. The second of these has become an article of faith to many pro-abortionists and its credentials should be examined. Whence does this right derive? A woman takes part in a more or less pleasurable activity with a man and then, without her volition, with no conscious effort on her part at all, the miraculous occurs and a new life comes into being. How does she have the right to destroy this new life? The argument is usually to the effect that it belongs to her and could not survive without her: "It's mine and I can do what I like with it." Of course, it is true that a fetus cannot survive without the support of its mother; no more could Professor Hungerford or I survive without the support of our fellow men who provide us with food, drink, and clothing, but that does not give them the right to kill us. The claim to possession, the assumption that the fetus is owned by its mother involves, I believe, a semantic error. In a sense, the fetus is "hers" in that it is growing inside her, even though she did not create it. Likewise, her husband is hers because joined to her by marriage and her country is hers because she lives there, although she does not own either of them and certainly has no right to destroy them. The life growing inside the mother is not hers in the same way that a cardigan she has bought or knitted for herself is hers. It is the consideration of semantics that protects us from the "realities" of such as Professor Hungerford.
Donation of kidneys. Medical Services Study Group of the Royal College of Physicians.
Authors: Cyril Clarke, George Whitfield, G Aber, A Barnes, G Catto, C Dukes, N Edward, J Goldsmith, J Hawkins, D Hilton, M Macleod, B Robinson, R H Meyrick Thomas, Rowland Payne, M Black
Journal: BMJ (1981)

A survey of deaths from medical causes among hospital inpatients aged under 50 years in three health regions provided details of 1168 such deaths not caused by renal failure. Kidneys for transplantation were obtained from only 20 of these patients. In another 18 cases permission was refused or donation was impracticable. Ninety-eight of the deaths were due to subarachnoid haemorrhage and 38 to primary cerebral tumour, yet kidneys were obtained from only 11 and one of these patients respectively. Patients dying from subarachnoid haemorrhage are particularly suitable for donating their kidneys, but there is still a shortage of kidneys for transplantation because they are not harvested efficiently. Doctors seem to be reluctant to ask relatives' permission to remove kidneys, and the arrangement of a donation is time consuming. Because transplant surgery is recognised as a specialist sphere, surgeons in other specialties may be reluctant to remove kidneys and come to rely on one transplant team covering a wide area. In an area such as Grampian, where a small population is served by one hospital containing all the major units, including accident and emergency and renal departments, it may be easier to arrange prompt donation and transplantation.
Repeat Measures of Lipoprotein(a) Molar Concentration and Cardiovascular Risk
Authors: Mark Trinder, Kaavya Paruchuri, Sara Haidermota, Rachel Bernardo, Seyedeh Maryam Zekavat, Thomas Gilliland, James Januzzi, Pradeep Natarajan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Part 1 results from NOVA-II, a randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled phase II study evaluating the safety and efficacy of OQL011 on VEGFR inhibitor associated hand-foot skin reaction in cancer patients.
Authors: Mario E. Lacouture, Anisha B Patel, Nicole R. LeBoeuf, Omkar Subhash Marathe, Jonathan Leventhal, Jennifer N. Choi, Elaine Tat Lam, Benjamin S. Kaffenberger, Martin H Voss, Mark L Webb, Robert Claude Tyler, Juegang Ju, Hong Tang, Jie Luo, Milan J. Anadkat, Nicholas J. Vogelzang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

TPS396 Background: Hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR) is associated with the use of multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors sharing vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitory (VEGFRi) activity (e.g., cabozantinib, regorafenib, sorafenib, sunitinib). HFSR affects the palms and soles with edema, erythema, hyperkeratosis, pain, and bullae/blisters impacting quality-of-life, activities of daily living, and consistent VEGFRi dosing. HFSR incidence differs among VEGFRi, ranging from 5-69% (all grades) and 1-19% (grade 3). Topical urea has marginal benefit, and to date, there are no regulatory authority approved HFSR treatments. The pathogenesis of HFSR has been partially associated with impaired vascular repair mechanisms resulting from inhibition of VEGF signaling. Nitric oxide (NO) has been reported to induce VEGF upregulation at a moderate concentration. We hypothesized that topical stimulation of VEGF signaling through OQL011, an NO donor, will safely and effectively mitigate HFSR. Methods: NOVA-II is a phase 2, double-blind, randomized vehicle-controlled trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of OQL011 for the treatment of moderate to severe HFSR. Subjects receiving a VEGFRi (either mono- or combination therapy) and have Grade ≥2 HFSR per NCI CTCAE v5.0 for palmar plantar erythrodysesthesia (PPE) were eligible. For Part 1, 31 subjects were randomized (2:1) and received 0.2% OQL011 topical ointment or vehicle TID for 6 weeks. The primary endpoint is the proportion of patients who achieve an NCI CTCAE v5.0 for PPE Grade 0 or 1 by Week 3. An investigator global assessment (IGA) scale is being developed to assess HFSR recovery, and a secondary endpoint will measure the proportion of patients who have improvement in HFSR severity and achieve an IGA score of clear (0) or almost clear (1) by Week 3 and/or Week 6. A Chi-square test will be used to detect a difference between the treatment arm and the vehicle-control arm. Additionally, the IGA score will be validated by assessing the inter- &amp; intra-rater reliability. The correlation between IGA, NCI CTCAE v5.0 for PPE, and patient outcomes including Visual Analog Scale of Pain, HFSR Quality of Life questionnaire will also be reported. This study began enrolling patients in December 2019 and completed the last patient Visit in August 2021. Data lock, unblinding and data analysis will be completed by mid-November. Clinical trial information: NCT04088318.
Actionable genomic landscapes from a real-world cohort of localized urothelial carcinoma patients.
Authors: Thomas Gerald, Vitaly Margulis, Xiaosong Meng, Suzanne Cole, Qian Qin, Greg Call, Elizabeth Mauer, Yair Lotan, Solomon L. Woldu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

525 Background: Recent targeted therapies for advanced and metastatic urothelial cancer have generated enthusiasm, but the actionable genomic landscape of early-stage disease remains largely unknown. Here, we used real-world evidence to investigate differences between somatic and germline mutations in localized, early-stage urothelial cancers and advanced urothelial cancers. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed de-identified NGS data from 1,146 bladder cancer patients (stages I-IV) with formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor biopsies sequenced using the Tempus|xT solid tumor assay (DNA-seq of 595-648 genes at 500x coverage; whole-exome capture RNA-seq). For the subset of patients with tumor-normal match sequencing (n=758), additional incidental germline alterations in 46 different genes were assessed. Results: A total of 1,146 bladder cancer tumors were investigated: stage I-II (n=124), stage III (n=159), and stage IV (n=863)—summarized in Table. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) was calculated for 1,126 tumors, and TMB-high (TMB-H; ≥10 mutations per megabase) was similar across tumor stages. PD-L1 immunohistochemical staining was performed on 698 tumors, and no significant differences were observed. Microsatellite instability high (MSI-H) status was detected in only 2 (1.6%) stage I-II tumors and 8 (0.9%) stage IV tumors. Alterations—single nucleotide variants, insertions/deletions, and copy number variants—in FGFR2/3, homologous recombination repair genes (18 genes including BRCA1/2 and ATM), additional DNA repair gene mutations ( ERCC2, RB1, FANCC) and NTRK fusions were detected at similar frequencies across disease stages. In 758 patients with tumor/normal matched sequencing, we identified a low rate of incidental germline mutations in MUTYH (stage III, 1%; stage IV, 1.9%), BRCA2 (stages I-II, 1.2%; stage III, 1%; stage IV, 0.5%), BRIP1 (stages I-II, 1.2%), ATM (stage III, 1%; stage IV, 0.7%), MSH6 (stage III, 1%; stage IV, 0.2%), and TP53 (stage III, 1%; stage IV, 0.2%). Conclusions: Patients with bladder cancer have similar rates of potentially actionable mutations and genomic landscapes regardless of clinical disease stage. These findings provide a rationale for further investigating targeted therapies among early-stage bladder cancer patients.[Table: see text]
Emergence Delirium
Authors: Robert D. Bastron
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Emergence delirium or excitement is a fairly common anesthetic problem, some possible consequences of which are exemplified in the following case report. A 63.5-kg (140-lb) healthy 22-year-old man was scheduled to have a pedicle graft from his chest to an old burned area on his left hand. At 7 AM he was given, intramuscularly, morphine, 10 mg, and scopolamine, 0.4 mg. He was awake and still somewhat apprehensive when he arrived in the operating room at 8 AM. Anesthesia was induced at 8:15 with sodium thiopental, 250 mg, and maintained with halothane, nitrous oxide, and oxygen. By 10 he was in the recovery room having recovered swallowing and gag reflexes but unresponsive to verbal stimulation. Two or three minutes later he was thrashing about sufficiently to partially detach the flap from his hand and disrupt the skin graft on his chest wall. He was returned to the operating room and
Interim Guidelines for Investigation of and Response to Bacillus anthracis Exposures
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Environmental Sampling. Environmental testing to detect B. anthracis on surfaces or in the air can be used to investigate known or suspected exposure events. The highest priority of an investigation is to evaluate the risk for exposure to aerosolized B. anthracis spores. Persons collecting and testing samples should 1) obtain adequate samples, 2) avoid cross-contamination during processing, and 3) ensure proficient laboratory testing and interpretation of test results. A positive laboratory test for B. anthracis from a sample of an environmental surface may be caused by cross-contamination from an exposure vehicle (e.g., contact with an envelope containing B. anthracis), background occurrence of B. anthracis spores in the environment, or previously aerosolized B. anthracis that has settled onto environmental surfaces. Laboratory test results of environmental surface samples should not be the only criterion for starting, continuing, or stopping antimicrobial prophylaxis for inhalational disease.
Recurrence patterns in bladder cancer patients with no residual disease (pT0N0) at radical cystectomy.
Authors: Seyedeh Sanam Ladi Seyedian, Antoin Douglawi, Ryan Lee, Muhannad Alsyouf, Alireza Ghoreifi, Sumeet Bhanvadia, Anne K. Schuckman, Hooman Djaladat, Siamak Daneshmand
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

576 Background: Bladder cancer patients can achieve no residual disease status at the time of radical cystectomy (RC) following transurethral resection (TURBT) alone (pT0) or neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) (ypT0). This population has favorable survival potential, yet limited data is available on their oncological outcomes. We examined the recurrence patterns in these patients and the implications for post-operative surveillance. Methods: A retrospective review of our IRB-approved bladder cancer database identified patients who underwent RC between 2000 - 2019 and were found to have no residual disease (pT0N0). The primary outcome was recurrence-free survival (RFS). Results: A total of 234 patients with a median age of 67 years were included. NAC was used in 89 (38%) patients and 145 (62%) cases were rendered pT0 following TURBT alone. After a median follow up of 44 months, 6/145 (4%) pT0 patients and 10/89 (11.2%) ypT0 cases developed a recurrence. None of the pT0 patients with previous history of clinical Ta/Tis disease had a recurrence after RC. The median time to recurrence was 9 months. All but one of the recurrences in the ypT0 group were within 2 years of cystectomy, while half of the recurrences in the pT0 group occurred after 2 years. Patients with ypT0 had worse 2- and 5-year RFS compared to the pT0 group (85% and 84% vs. 99% and 95%, respectively; p=0.003). Variant histology was noted in 49 (21%) patients and the recurrence rate was higher in this subgroup compared to those with pure urothelial carcinoma (12.2% vs. 5.4%, p = 0.02). Lung metastasis and involvement of distant organs, while rare, was noted at similar rates in both groups (Table). On univariate Cox regression analysis of RFS, clinical T stage &gt; 3 (HR: 6.5, 95%CI: 2.4 – 17.3, p&lt;0.001) and NAC (HR: 4.3, 95%CI: 1.5 – 12.5, p = 0.007) were associated with increased risk of recurrence. Conclusions: Most patients with pT0N0 pathology at the time of cystectomy are cured however metastasis can still develop up to 4 years after surgery. Patients achieving ypT0 after NAC exhibit worse prognosis and shorter times to recurrence, and closer follow-up may be considered.[Table: see text]
Commentary
Authors: Nicholas G. Burgess
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

All too often when endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is carried out, the discovery that the lesion is deeply invasive is made at the end of the procedure when considerable time and effort has been expended performing dissection and circumferential incision. This e-Video from Pioche et al. demonstrates a technique for early assessment of invasion depth by commencing the procedure with direct tunneling to the highest-risk area of the lesion. If there is clear evidence of T2 invasion into the muscularis propria the procedure is aborted and the patient is referred for surgery.
LETTSOMIAN LECTURES FOR 1853
Authors: E. W. Murphy
Journal: BMJ (1853)

of the poor.Still, the hostility which a compulsory act would naturally excite, and the odium which it would cast on one of the greatest of social blessings, ought to be well considered before the details of a measure based upon so doubtful a principle are finally determined.Meanwhile, it would he well to compare the results of the investigation * This Lectutre was deltered before the Medical Society of London, ou March 9th, 183.
Erratum
Authors: . Thei British, Medical Journval, J Departmentt, Mr Surgeon, Skin Department, F Drewitt, Mr Weiss, Charqe Of Orthopxedic, Mr Keetley, Wv Deparbnent, Anastehe- Ties Administrator, Messrs Lunton, Rickard Lloyd, Mr Secre- Tary, Alfred Allingham, Edwards Swinford
Journal: BMJ (1888)

Surgeons, Messrs. D. II.Goodsall, and F