tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
State Boards of Registration
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In This Issue
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2021)

See article, [p. 1661][1] . </br>![][2]</img> Despite the success of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies for some leukemias and lymphomas, CAR T-cell efficacy in most solid tumors has been limited, perhaps in part due to a lack of T cell–supportive cytokines. Because the cytokine
The physiologic right to left atrial gradient of action potential duration and refractoriness decreases with pacing induced atrial fibrillation Bengt Herweg, Parag Chandra, Evgeny P. Anyukhovsky, Eugene A. Sosunov, Peter Danilo, Jr., Michael R. Rosen. Columbia University, New York, NY
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Definitive chemoradiation for oligometastatic esophageal cancer patients.
Authors: Lindsay Puckett, Thomas Matoska, Lauren Jurkowski, Anjishnu Banerjee, Enrique Martinez, Divya Kodali, Monica Shukla, Paul Linsky, Mario Gasparri, Sakti Chakrabarti, Ben George, Aditya V. Shreenivas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

359 Background: When esophageal cancer (EC) is metastatic at diagnosis, prognosis is poor, with 5-year survival of ̃5%. NCCN guidelines recommend palliative treatment or best supportive care. However, guidelines do not stratify by the extent of metastatic disease. Oligometastatic (oligo) disease has been shown in some cancers to portend better survival and more aggressive treatment options may be appropriate. Preliminary data has shown this may be the case for oligo EC, however, consensus recommendations remain palliative in intent. This study aims to compare overall survival (OS) in oligo EC patients treated with a definitive approach (chemoradiotherapy [CRT]) to those treated with purely palliative intent. Methods: Patients with oligo (any histology, ≤5 metastatic foci) EC treated in a single academic hospital between 2009-2020 were retrospectively analyzed in 2021. Patients were divided into definitive and palliative treatment groups; definitive CRT was defined as radiation therapy &gt;40 Gy and &gt;2 cycles of chemotherapy (CT) (+/- induction CT). OS was calculated by measuring the time from the date of diagnosis to the date of death or last follow-up. Survival curves between groups and by various prognostic factors were compared using the log rank test. Results: Of 77 Stage IVB patients, 35 met the pre-specified oligo definition. Of these, 18 received definitive CRT, and 17 palliative treatment (Table). With a median follow-up of 60.8 months, median OS for definitive CRT and palliative groups were 91.4 and 8.2 months, (p&lt;0.01), translating into 5-year OS of 57.7% (95%CI: 33.5-82.0%) vs. 7.5% (95%CI: 0.0-21.6%), respectively. Prognostic factors correlated with increased OS included lower ECOG performance status (PS) (p&lt;0.01), induction CT (p&lt;0.01), N stage (p&lt;0.01), adenocarcinoma (vs. squamous cell carcinoma) (p&lt;0.05), diagnosis in 2013 or later (p&lt;0.05), younger age (p&lt;0.05), and &gt; lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (p&lt;0.05). Factors not associated with OS included neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (p=0.39), T-stage (p=0.9), primary site (GEJ, distal, mid, or cervical) (p=0.07), tumor grade (p=0.83), type of spread (hematogenous, lymphatic, or local invasion) (p=0.69), sex (p=0.22), and HER2 status (p=0.07). Conclusions: Within our population, oligo EC patients treated with definitive CRT had significantly improved OS as compared to those treated with palliative only intent. These results suggest there may be a sub-population of oligo EC that would benefit from more aggressive treatment paradigms; thus, further evaluation is warranted.[Table: see text]
Poliartrita Rheumatoida
Authors: F. D. Hart
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1983)

The ESR returned to below 20 mm/h on at least one occasion in all except 3 of the 101 cases in which a follow-up result was available, The elevation of the ESR was only modest in these 3 cases (32,28,24 mm/h) and could be explained by continuing activity of the disease (2 cases) and a long-standing benign monoclonal gammopathy.The low- est recorded ESR was below 15 mm/h in 95% of the 101 cases and 10 mm/h or less in 76%of the patients.However, like Ellis and Ralston we observed several patients who were successfully managed on their symptoms alone and do not advocate that the dose of prednisone should be adjusted with the sole aim of keeping the ESR at a normal level.This may not prevent complications.One patient developed permanent loss of vision in one eye 2 months after the institution of corticosteroids, when she was completely symptom-free with an ESR of 3 mm/h.However, we feel that the ESR remains a most useful investigation in the diagnosis of PMR/GCA and recommend that, if a normal result is obtained initially, the ESR should be repeated at short intervals, as it may well be elevated subsequently.We should also recommend that the CRP should be measured in the suspected case with a normal ESR.
Abstract P307: Associations Between Physical Activity and Cardiac Functional Measures Assessed by Echocardiography: Echocardiographic Study of Latinos (ECHO-SOL)
Authors: Sonia Ponce, Bharathi Upadhya, Robert Kapplan, Katrina Swett, Mathew Allison, Richard Stacy, Qibin Qi, Anthony DeMaria, Neil Schneiderman, Barry Hurwitz, Martha Daviglus, Mayank Kansal, Kelly Evenson, Carlos Rodriguez
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Physical activity (PA) is associated with cardiovascular health benefits including prevention of age related cardiac remodeling, systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and adaptive pro-hypertrophic effect. In this study we aim to measure the associations between PA and LV structure and function in a diverse Hispanic/Latino population. Methods: Participants included 1,818 self-identified Hispanic/Latino men and women, age 45-74 from the Echocardiographic Study of Latinos (ECHO-SOL). Standard echo measures included M-mode, two-dimensional (2-D), spectral, tissue Doppler and color flow. Participants wore an Actical hip accelerometer for 1 week. Multivariable regression models were completed to relate PA to echocardiographic parameters. Results: The mean ± SE age for the cohort was 56 ±0.4, 57% were female, the prevalence of diabetes was 28%, hypertension 50%, hypercholesterolemia 49%, and coronary heart disease 7%. Average moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) was 20.9 ± 1.1 min/day and sedentary time ±SE was 736.5 ± 8.1 min/day. In multivariable models adjusted for age, gender, diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, coronary heart disease, alcohol and cigarette use we found the following: left atrium volume index (LAVI) decrease by quartiles of MVPA (p-value&lt;0.001). Global circumferential strain (GCS) decreased across these quartiles of MVPA. Moreover, LAVI decreased by 0.3 per 100 min/day of sedentary time (p-value&lt;0.01) and GCS also decreased across quartiles of sedentary time. Conclusion: MVPA was significantly associated with lower LAVI. There was also a significant association with sedentary behavior. Our findings illustrate the complex relationship between PA, sedentary time and cardiac structure and function.
Study of VT‐1161, a new treatment for fungal nail infection
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2021)

Fungal infection of the nails (onychomycosis) is a common condition which is hard to cure.Antifungal drugs cannot easily reach the fungus embedded in the nail, and infected nails take months to grow out.Mild cases can sometimes be treated with use of an antifungal liquid applied to the nail, but more severe infections need medicine that can reach all affected areas through the bloodstream.Even these are not always effective, and can cause side-effects such as a skin rash or liver problems, so we need something better.This paper by a pharmaceutical company describes a trial of their new antifungal medicine, VT-1161.They recruited 259 adults with onychomycosis from 34 hospitals in the USA.Some received a dummy treatment (placebo) while the others received one of four different dosage schedules of VT-1161 for up to 22 weeks.They were followed up for a further 36 weeks without treatment.At week 48, the cure rate in the various treatment groups ranged from 32% to 42%, compared with 0% in the placebo group.The researchers checked liver function and heart electrical recordings (electrocardiogram, ECG) and found no significant changes.Some antifungal drugs used to treat this condition work by attacking a compound called CYP51 which is required for fungus to grow, however, this compound is also found in humans and when it attacks the compound in humans it can cause side-effects.VT-1161 targets fungal CYP51 2000 times more strongly than human CYP51 which should make it safer.Another advantage is that it is taken weekly rather than daily.In conclusion, VT-1161 appears to be an effective, convenient and safe antifungal medicine.We now need to study the drug in more patients to show it is safer and more effective than drugs currently used to treat this condition.
Can technology increase COVID-19 vaccination rates?
Authors: None The Lancet Digital Health
Journal: The Lancet Digital Health (2021)

Vaccine ready is the theme of the National Minority Health Month in April, 2021. This initiative aims to educate the public on health problems facing minority populations in the USA. The vaccine theme has been chosen because, paradoxically, although minority populations have been disproportionately impacted by COVID-19, they are also reported to be the least likely to be vaccinated. Barriers against vaccination among minority populations have been widely reported, including low confidence in the vaccine, poor access, and distrust of the health system.
This Week in &lt;EMPH&gt;JAMA&lt;/EMPH&gt;
Journal: JAMA (2006)

B. Timothy Walsh, MD; Allan S. Kaplan, MD, FRCPC; Evelyn Attia, MD; Marion Olmsted, PhD; Michael Parides, PhD; Jacqueline C. Carter, PhD; Kathleen M. Pike, PhD; Michael J. Devlin, MD; Blake Woodside, MD, FRCPC; Christina A. Roberto, BA; Wendi Rockert, MEd
Association between tumor mutation profile and clinical outcomes among Hispanic-Latino patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
Authors: Sayed Reshad Ghafouri, Alexander Philipovskiy, Alok Kumar Dwivedi, Richard McCallum, Ioannis Konstantinidis, Felipe Maegava, Sumit Gaur, Javier Chavez Corral
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

17 Background: According to the World Health Organization GLOBOCAN database, in 2019, approximately 1.8 million new colorectal cancer cases were diagnosed, and almost 861,000 deaths were reported. In the United States, CRC is the third most frequent type of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death. Although the overall incidence of CRC among the Hispanic population has been declining over the last decades, recently, a dramatic increase in CRC incidents among Hispanics younger than 50 years of age (early-onset CRC) has been reported. The increase in the incidence of early-onset CRC is markedly more significant in Hispanic-Latino (HL) patients population (45%) than in non-Hispanic Whites (NHW) (27%) and African-Americans (AA) (15%). Additionally, in contrast to NHW, Hispanics have a worse survival rate. The exact reason for these racial disparities and the biology of CRC in the HL population are not well understood. Therefore, we performed this study to better understand the biology of the disease in HL patients, which might help to identify new directions for targeted therapy. Methods: For the study, 52 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissue samples were collected and analyzed. We compared the results with individual patient clinical histories and outcomes. Of 52 patients with mCRC, 52 (100%) were identified as HL. We identified several commonly altered genes in HL patients ( APC, TP53, KRAS, GNAS, PICK3CA, and NOTCH). Compared to those in other studies. Results: Mutation frequencies in the APC gene were significantly higher among HL patients with mCRC. Moreover, the prevalence of the APC mutation was significantly higher among male HL patients compared to female patients. The combination of mutations in the APC, NOTCH, and KRAS genes in the same tumors was associated with a higher risk of progression after the first-line of chemotherapy and worse overall survival. In addition, mutations in the combination of GNAS and AURKA genes were associated with a significantly higher risk of progression after the first-line of chemotherapy. Conclusions: The data support the notion that the molecular drivers of colon cancer might be different in HL patients compared to other racial/ethnic groups.
Abstract 228: <i>FADS2</i> Regulates Cardiometabolic Risk Phenotypes in Mice
Authors: Adam J Chicco, Christopher M Mulligan, Catherine H Le, Melissa A Routh, Dina Nemr, Lance C Li Puma, Peter E Linde, Gerrit J Bouma, Daniel P Regan, Manabu T Nakamura, Karen S Moulton
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the FADS2 gene associate with cardiometabolic risk in humans. Additionally, serum fatty acid profiles reflecting hepatic hyperactivity of the FADS2 gene product, delta-6 desaturase (D6D), correspond to cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) phenotypes in humans and animal models. D6D catalyzes rate-limiting steps in essential polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolism, but its role in the pathogenesis of CMS has not been defined. In the present study, we employed pharmacological and genetic gain- and loss-of-function approaches to investigate the links between D6D activity and CMS phenotypes in mice. Transgenic overexpression (TG) of FADS2 in normal (FVB) mice modestly increases hepatic D6D protein expression and serum PUFA product/precursor ratios reflecting greater enzyme activity in vivo . FADS2 TG mice develop a mild, but progressive obesity and insulin resistance with age compared to WT mice, as well as elevated serum triglycerides and LDL/HDL and hepatic macrophage infiltration, but not hepatic steatosis. Global FADS2 ablation prevents obesity/insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia induced by high-fat feeding in C57Bl/6J mice, but promotes severe hepatic steatosis. Pharmacological D6D inhibition in vivo with SC-26196 (100 mpk 4-8 weeks) ameliorates hepatic inflammation and glucose intolerance in FADS2 TG mice and leptin-deficient ( ob ) mice, and prevents severe hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis in ldlr -/- mice fed an atherogenic diet; despite augmenting hepatic steatosis in all cases. Tissue phospholipid analyses across these models revealed consistent positive relationships between D6D activity, pro-inflammatory eicosanoid accumulation, and a higher phosphatdiylcholine/phosphatidylethanolamine (PC/PE) ratio previously linked to increased hepatic VLDL synthesis and release. These studies establish an important role of D6D activity in the development of CMS and inflammation, and reveal novels links with tissue phospholipid class distribution and metabolism relevant to the development an atherogenic serum lipid profile, hepatic lipid homeostasis, and perhaps other aspects of cardiovascular risk currently under investigation in our laboratory.
Effectiveness of third- or later-line therapy in patients with HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer: Results from an observational retrospective study in Japan.
Authors: Takeshi Omori, Daisuke Sakai, Soichi Fumita, Junya Fujita, Ryohei Kawabata, Jin Matsuyama, Hisateru Yasui, Motohiro Hirao, Tomono Kawase, Kentaro Kishi, Hirokazu Taniguchi, Yasuhiro Miyazaki, Tomoko Miura, Akimitsu Miyake, Yukinori Kurokawa, Makoto Yamasaki, Tomomi Yamada, Taroh Satoh, Hidetoshi Eguchi, Yuichiro Doki
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

277 Background: The real-world effectiveness of third- or later-line (3L+) therapies in patients (pts) with HER2-positive gastric cancer remains unknown. We report a multicenter, retrospective, observational study at 20 centers in Japan to investigate the outcomes of 3L+ therapy in pts with HER2-positive advanced gastric/gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) cancer previously receiving trastuzumab (UMIN000040853). Methods: Pts aged ≥20 years with HER2-positive advanced G/GEJ cancer who were previously treated with trastuzumab and newly initiated on nivolumab, irinotecan, or trifluridine/tipiracil monotherapy as 3L+ therapy (Sep 2017 to Mar 2020) were evaluated for overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), duration of response (DOR), time to treatment failure (TTF), objective response rate (ORR), and disease control rate (DCR). An exploratory analysis for factors affecting OS was conducted using a multivariate Cox regression model, with HER2 status as a covariate. Results: The overall analysis population was 117 pts (median: age, 71 years; number of prior treatment lines, 2; days since the initiation of first-line treatment, 431 days). Median (95% confidence interval) OS, PFS, and TTF were 6.2 months (4.5–8.0), 1.9 months (1.5–2.3), and 1.8 months (1.5–2.2), respectively, at a median follow-up of 150 days. Outcomes by treatment groups are shown in the Table. ORR and DCR in 100 pts with evaluable target lesions were 9.0% and 32.0%, respectively, and median DOR was 8.4 months. A higher neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (≥2.540), Glasgow prognostic score (≥1), ECOG PS (≥2), and hepatic metastasis significantly impacted OS. Conclusions: The real-world effectiveness of 3L+ therapies was limited in this study. New HER2 treatment agent is expected to improve outcomes in pts with HER2-positive G/GEJ cancer.[Table: see text]
Outbreaks of Gram-Negative Bacterial Bloodstream Infections Traced to Probable Contamination of Hemodialysis Machines—Canada, 1995; United States, 1997; and Israel, 1997
Journal: JAMA (1998)

During 1996, approximately 236,000 persons received hemodialysis in the United States; of these, an estimated 183,000 (78%) received chronic hemodialysis. Patients who receive chronic hemodialysis are at increased risk for bloodstream infections (BSIs) because of the need for repeated vascular access. Reported BSI rates for hemodialysis patients have ranged from 8.4 to 16.8 episodes per 100 patient-years, and BSI has been identified as the cause of death in 6%-18% of hemodialysis patients. Outbreaks of BSIs in hemodialysis units usually have been caused by inadequate disinfection of 1) water treatment or distribution systems and 2) reprocessed dialyzers. This report summarizes the investigations of three clusters of gram-negative bacterial BSIs at hemodialysis centers in Canada, the United States, and Israel. The findings indicate that all three outbreaks probably resulted from contamination of the waste drain ports in the same model of hemodialysis machine.
Current Medical Literature
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PTCA versus bypass surgery in patients with multivessel disease: A tailored approach based on coronary pressure measurement Cees-Joost Botman, G. Jan-Willem Bech, Bernard De Bruyne, Hans Bonnier, Jozef Bartunek, Jacques Koolen, Rolf Michels, Nico Pijls. Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, Cardiovascular Center, Aalst, Belgium
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
IL-36 in chronic inflammation and fibrosis — bridging the gap?
Authors: Michael Elias, Shuai Zhao, Hongnga T. Le, Jie Wang, Markus F. Neurath, Clemens Neufert, Claudio Fiocchi, Florian Rieder
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2021)

IL-36 is a member of the IL-1 superfamily and consists of three agonists and one receptor antagonist (IL-36Ra). The three endogenous agonists, IL-36α, -β, and -γ, act primarily as proinflammatory cytokines, and their signaling through the IL-36 receptor (IL-36R) promotes immune cell infiltration and secretion of inflammatory and chemotactic molecules. However, IL-36 signaling also fosters secretion of profibrotic soluble mediators, suggesting a role in fibrotic disorders. IL-36 isoforms and IL-36 have been implicated in inflammatory diseases including psoriasis, arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, and allergic rhinitis. Moreover, IL-36 has been connected to fibrotic disorders affecting the kidney, lung, and intestines. This review summarizes the expression, cellular source, and function of IL-36 in inflammation and fibrosis in various organs, and proposes that IL-36 modulation may prove valuable in preventing or treating inflammatory and fibrotic diseases and may reveal a mechanistic link between inflammation and fibrosis.
LONG-TERM OUTCOMES FOLLOWING TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION: INSIGHTS ON PROGNOSTIC FACTORS AND VALVE DURABILITY FROM THE CANADIAN MULTICENTER EXPERIENCE
Authors: Josep Rodes-Cabau, John Webb, Anson Cheung, Jian Ye, Eric Dumont, Feindel Chris, Mark Osten, Madhu Natarajan, James L. Velianou, Giussepe Martucci, Benoit DeVarennes, Chris R. Thompson, Robert Chisholm, Mark Peterson, Samuel Lichtenstein, Stefan Toggweiler, Daniel Doyle, Robert DeLarochelli&egrave;re, Jean Dumesnil, Kevin Teoh, Victor Chu, Asim Cheema, David Wood, Philippe Pibarot, Eric Horlick
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)