tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Vagally induced block and delayed conduction as a mechanism for circus movement tachycardia in frog atria.
Authors: L VRosenshtraukh, A VZaitsev, V GFast, A MPertsov, V IKrinsky
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Episodes of tachycardia induced by strong vagal stimulation in spontaneously beating isolated atria of frog (Rana temporaria) were studied with multielectrode mapping technique. These episodes were inducible in 19 of 39 preparations. The arrhythmia started several seconds after cessation of vagal stimulation strong enough to cause sinus arrest, without electrical stimulation of the myocardium. The arrhythmia consisted of two to 20 beats (6 +/- 4, mean +/- SD, n = 42) with a cycle length of 100-500 msec. Recording from 32 sites with spatial resolution of 1-2 mm showed that the arrhythmia was due to intra-atrial circus movement. The estimated perimeter of the reentrant circuit ranged from 6 to 20 mm. In circuits of the minimal size, the average conduction velocity along the circuit was as low as 2-3 cm/sec. Paroxysms of the tachycardia were always preceded by vagally induced nonuniform depression of conduction, with some areas of atria being completely blocked. As the vagal influence decreased, the blocked ...
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in patients with variant angina.
Authors: P RDavid, D DWaters, J MScholl, JCrépeau, JSzlachcic, JLespérance, GHudon, M GBourassa
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Among the first 83 patients treated with percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) at our institution, typical variant angina was recognized beforehand in five cases and was discovered within 4 months of PTCA in six others. All patients had a 65-95% proximal left anterior descending coronary artery stenosis and only one had a coronary lesion greater than 50% in other coronary arteries. Before PTCA, all patients were premedicated with calcium-antagonist drugs. Thirteen of 15 PTCAs, including three of four repeat PTCAs, were technically successful. However, variant angina recurred after successful PTCA in three of the five patients in whom it was documented beforehand and in an additional two of two patients with variant angina before a successful repeat PTCA. Overall, among the nine patients with variant angina after successful PTCA, five had restenosis at the site of PTCA and two others developed severe lesions adjacent to the site of PTCA within 4 months of the procedure. The three patients w...
Relaxin increases heart rate by modulating calcium current in cardiac pacemaker cells.
Authors: XHan, YHabuchi, W RGiles
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

Relaxin (RLX), a reproductive hormone of the insulin family, increases heart rate in experimental animals. The cellular and ionic mechanisms responsible for this positive chronotropic effect remain unknown. We have investigated the actions of RLX on the action potential and underlying transmembrane ionic currents in single sinoatrial node cells of the rabbit heart under whole-cell voltage-clamp conditions, using both nystatin-perforated-patch and membrane-ruptured techniques. In this preparation RLX (0.8 to 80 nmol/L) caused reversible increases in the rate of spontaneous action potentials and a dose-dependent increase in the L-type calcium current, ICa(L). The best-fit Langmuir relation for the augmentation of ICa(L) yielded a threshold concentration of 1 nmol/L and a KD of 14 nmol/L. These effects of RLX appear to be mediated by increases in intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP), since RLX was without effect after application of (1) the beta-adrenergic agonist isoprenaline (1 mumol/L) or (2) superfusion of th...
A Modified “Rendezvous” Technique For Eus-Guided Recanalization Of A Rectal Anastomotic Stricture Without Fluoroscopy And Stenting
Authors: D Kypraios, E Manthopoulou, D Dimitroulopoulos, D Katsinelos, E EMichalopoulou, I Marakis, G Sachtouris, A Ioannou, A Plastiras, K Tsamakidis
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Various endoscopic techniques have been described for the treatment of post-operative colonic strictures. Our aim is to report a solely EUS-guided recanalization procedure for a complete rectal stricture, without the use of fluoroscopy or stenting.
The effect of nifedipine on arterial pressure and reflex cardiac control.
Authors: R AMcLeay, T JStallard, R DWatson, W ALittler
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Nine patients with untreated essential hypertension (mean casual blood pressure 173/109 +/- 14/7 mm Hg) (+/- SD) were studied in the control state and after 16 weeks of treatment with nifedipine, 10 mg orally every 8 hours. Direct arterial blood pressure monitored continuously over 24 hours showed that nifedipine significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure throughout the day and the night. The variability of blood pressure was not altered by nifedipine therapy. There was no significant change in heart rate after nifedipine therapy. Chronic nifedipine therapy increased forearm blood flow and decreased forearm vascular resistance, consistent with its action as a vasodilator. The absolute blood pressure responses to tilt, handgrip and cold were reduced, but the percent increase in pressure was not altered by therapy. Plasma renin activity was not altered by chronic nifedipine therapy. At each study, the sensitivity and setting of the baroreflex response to i.v. phenylephrine was measured. Aft...
Red cell permeability effect on the mean transit of an indicator transported through an organ by red cells and plasma.
Authors: WPerl
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

When an indicator that permeates red blood cells with an equilibration time of the order of the mean transit time of the indicator through an organ is bolus injected solely into the plasma inflow to that organ, the mean transit time of the indicator is greater than it is when the indicator is injected preequilibrated between the plasma inflow and the red cell inflow. The mean transit time for equilibrated entry is in turn greater than that for indicator injected solely into the red cell inflow. A simplified method of calculation of this effect is given in the present paper; it requires only a model solution for the indicator steady state as distinguished from a more complicated time-dependent solution. The dependence of the effect on red cell membrane permeability allows this permeability to suitable indicators to be deduced. The method was applied to existing data on urea and thiourea passage through the dog kidney.
Effects of inotropic and arrhythmogenic digoxin doses and of digoxin-specific antibody on myocardial monovalent cation transport in the dog.
Authors: T JHougen, B LLloyd, T WSmith
Journal: Circulation Research (1979)

The effects of digoxin on monovalent cation active transport were determined in cardiac tissue obtained from dogs given inotropic, toxic, or lethal doses of digoxin. In hemodynamically monitored dogs, active uptake of the K+ analogue Rb+ was determined in vitro in a control myocardial biopsy, and then in serial biopsies from the same dog after the infusion of [3H]digoxin in doses sufficient to cause a sustained positive inotropic effect in the absence of toxicity, and finally after additional doses to induce overt toxicity. Nontoxic digoxin doses producing a mean increase of 20% in left ventricular (LV) dP/dt significantly reduced Rb+ active transport by 25% below control values. At the onset of digoxin-induced arrhythmias, maximal LV dP/dt was 53% above control whereas active Rb+ transport was reduced by 60% below baseline values (P less than 0.001). Control dogs given vehicle alone showed no significant change in contractility or in monovalent cation active transport. In another group of dogs given a le...
Endoscopic Interventions in Patients With Submucosal Tumors in the Stomach
Authors: I Khvorova, K Shishin, I Nedoluzhko, N Kurushkina, L Shumkina
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Currently, a laparoscopic operation is the standard treatment option in patients with submucosal tumors of the stomach. However, endoscopic technologies find their application in the treatment of submucosal gastric lesions due to the improvement of an early diagnosis.
Clinical primary pulmonary hypertension: three pathologic types.
Authors: W DEdwards, J EEdwards
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Clinically, there is a group of patients with elevated pulmonary arterial pressure in whom the underlying cause is not apparent. The pulmonary arterial wedge pressure is not elevated. For such cases, the designation of primary pulmonary hypertension may be made clinically. From the clinical categorization of primary pulmonary hypertension, three distinct pathologic entities emerge, namely 1) plexogenic pulmonary arteriopathy, 2) recurrent pulmonary thromboembolism, and 3) pulmonary veno-occlusive disease. The plexogenic type is characterized initially by pulmonary arterial vasoconstriction with medial hypertrophy. Secondary proliferative intimal lesions, including the plexiform lesion, develop. Recurrent pulmonary thromboembolism is characterized by the presence of arterial thrombi of varying ages involving the microscopic-sized pulmonary arteries. Thrombi may be embolic in nature or may develop in situ. Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease is characterized by obstructive lesions of pulmonary veins and venule...
Disparities in Electronic Health Record Patient Portal Enrollment Among Oncology Patients
Authors: Sumi Sinha, Meera Garriga, Nishali Naik, Brian W. McSteen, Anobel Y. Odisho, Amy Lin, Julian C. Hong
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2021)

Disparities in Electronic Health Record Patient Portal Enrollment Among Oncology PatientsCare for oncology patients requires multidisciplinary, longitudinal coordination.Patient portals allow patients to access medical information from electronic health records (EHRs) and communicate with clinicians.This can improve treatment coordination and increase active participation in care. 1 Unfortunately, disparities in patient portal use across age, race/ ethnicity, and socioeconomic status can affect quality of care, especially in oncology. 1,2To identify longitudinal disparities in access, we analyzed right-censored patient portal enrollment over an 8-year period.Methods | We conducted a retrospective EHR-based study of a single cancer center since its adoption of an electronic patient portal, including all encounters for all patients 18 years or older to limit data acquisition bias.The study was approved by the University of California, San Francisco institutional review board, and consent was waived for secondary research of a large number of patients, for whom risk of contact would pose a greater risk than the study.Self-reported demographic characteristics, encounters data, and portal use were extracted from the EHR.Enrollment in the patient portal over the study period was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test.Characteristics associated with enrollment were assessed with the Cox proportional hazards method.The analysis was conducted in R, version Table.Patient Characteristics and
Myocardial protection via coronary sinus interventions: superior effects of arterialization compared with intermittent occlusion.
Authors: AZalewski, SGoldberg, SSlysh, P RMaroko
Journal: Circulation (1985)

It has been reported that infarct size can be reduced by several interventions, by which arterial blood is delivered retrogradely to the ischemic myocardium through the cardiac veins or alternatively the cardiac venous system is intermittently occluded. Accordingly, we studied several modalities of myocardial protection that used the cardiac venous system and compared them by means of a quantitative technique for measuring infarct size. Thus 73 anesthetized dogs with coronary arterial occlusion were randomized into the following groups: group I (n = 9), 6 hr of occlusion without any intervention; group II (n = 11), venovenous shunt (60 ml/min) to the great cardiac vein; group III (n = 11), arteriovenous shunt to the anterior interventricular vein; group IV (n = 12), high flow arteriovenous shunt to the anterior interventricular vein (60 ml/min); group V (n = 11), arteriovenous shunt to the great cardiac vein (60 ml/min); group VI (n = 10), arteriovenous shunt to the great cardiac vein (60 ml/min) combined...
Philosophy and Medicine.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

The Philosophy and Medicine series is dedicated to publishing monographs and collections of essays that contribute importantly to scholarship in bioethics and the philosophy of medicine. The series addresses the full scope of issues in bioethics, from euthanasia to justice and solidarity in health care. The Philosophy and Medicine series places the scholarship of bioethics within studies of basic problems in the epistemology and metaphysics of medicine. The latter publications explore such issues as models of explanation in medicine, concepts of health and disease, clinical judgment, the meaning of human dignity, the definition of death, and the significance of beneficence, virtue, and consensus in health care. The series seeks to publish the best of philosophical work directed to health care and the biomedical sciences. Since its appearance in 1975, the series has created an intellectual and scholarly focal point that frames the field of the philosophy of medicine and bioethics. From its inception, the series has recognized the breadth of philosophical concerns made salient by the biomedical sciences and the health care professions. True to its original commitment, the series publishes monographs and collected works addressing issues ranging from bioethics to the philosophy of science focused on medicine. Its subseries include Asian Studies in Bioethics and the Philosophy of Medicine, Catholic Studies in Bioethics, and Classics of Medical Ethics and the Philosophy of Medicine. With over one hundred volumes in print, no other series offers as substantial and significant a resource for philosophical scholarship regarding issues raised by medicine and the biomedical sciences.
Changes in plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels in men and women after a program of moderate exercise.
Authors: K DBrownell, P SBachorik, R SAyerle
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and other lipids and lipoproteins of 24 men and 37 women were measured before and after a 10-week exercise program. The program involved three sessions of aerobic exercise each week, with 15-20 minutes of activity at 70% of maximal heart rate. Men and women had significantly different lipid patterns in response to exercise, despite equivalent increases in maximal oxygen uptake. Men showed a 5.1% increase in HDL cholesterol, a 6% decrease in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and a 12.4% increase in the HDL/LDL ratio. In contrast, women showed a 1% decrease in HDL cholesterol, a 4.3% decrease in LDL cholesterol, and no significant change in HDL/LDL ratio. The number of sessions attended correlated positively with HDL/LDL changes in men and correlated negatively with HDL/LDL changes in women. These findings suggest that moderate exercise may have different effects on men and women.
196P A pivotal multicenter translational research project on malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM): Preliminary results
Authors: R. Di Liello, C.M. Della Corte, V. Ciaramella, A. Insa, D. Compañ-Quilis, G. Alonso, R. Borrás, G. Viscardi, N. Zanaletti, F. Sparano, I. Cozzolino, M. Montella, G. Vicidomini, I. Pastor-Escartín, M. Santini, R. Franco, F. Ciardiello, P. Martín-Martorell, F. Morgillo
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Diseases of the Nervous System
Authors: Alexander T. Ross
Journal: JAMA (1973)

This is an easily read, practical book written by highly regarded and experienced practicing neurologists. It is primarily for medical students, but it has much information in it for general practitioners, internists, and psychiatrists. Actually, an established neurologist profits from some of the keen observations recorded and opinions expressed. Each of the 19 chapters is concise and lucidly discusses major subjects and conditions with but passing mention of the rare or esoteric. Interwoven with the topics are contemporary ideas of anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, pathogenesis, investigative procedures, and treatment. This book is designed to give a general background of clinical neurology rather than to serve as a reference. Chapter 1 succinctly discusses the form and functions of the nervous system and chapter 3, the examination of that system. Chapter 2 is a helpful discussion of differential diagnostic considerations in the eight most common symptoms leading to neurological consultation; headache, pain, paresthesias,
Is Systematic Histopathological Assessment for Small Colorectal Polyps Always Justified?
Authors: F Zinelabidine, A Hammami, A Hassine, Ameur W Ben, W Dahmani, N Elleuch, Slama A Ben, M Ksiaa, A Braham, S Ajmi, H Jaziri, A Jmaa
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Small polyps represent the majority of colorectal polyps detected in colonoscopy and they are considered to have low potential for malignant transformation. Given the low risk of advanced adenomas in this group, the « DETECT and LEAVE » strategy is usually discussed for diminutive polyps (≤ 5 mm) because of its high cost. The aim of this study is to determine the histopathological nature of resected diminutive colorectal polyps (≤ 5 mm) and to evaluate the necessity of a systematic histopathological assessment.
Determinants and clinical significance of jugular venous valve competence.
Authors: JFisher, FVaghaiwalla, JTsitlik, HLevin, JBrinker, MWeisfeldt, FYin
Journal: Circulation (1982)

We studied the function of right internal jugular vein valves during cardiac catheterization in 32 patients and external jugular vein valves in vitro from 13 dogs. Patients with normal central venous pressure had competent valves during cough-induced transvalvular pressure gradients of 52.4 +/- 8.6 mm Hg. Ten of 15 patients with elevated central venous pressure had either incompetent or absent internal jugular valves, the latter occurring only in patients with long-standing, severe tricuspid regurgitation. During coughing, competent valves were also demonstrated in the left internal jugular and in the right and left subclavian veins. The excised canine valves were competent at a static transvalvular pressure of 81.8 +/- 3.7 mm Hg. Five of six excised valves remained competent during pulsatile transvalvular pressure of 64.8 +/- 1.9 mm Hg. Thus, thoracic inlet venous valves are usually competent during sudden increases in intrathoracic pressure. These valves may play an important role in establishing the ex...
A history of the American Heart Association's Council on Clinical Cardiology.
Authors: W BFye
Journal: Circulation (1993)

This essay reviews the founding and early history of the Council on Clinical Cardiology of the American Heart Association (AHA), the largest of the AHA's 14 councils. Based on archival research, it stresses the factors that led to the council's formation and shaped its agenda. The council was established in the context of the AHA's transition from a professional society to a voluntary health organization in 1948. But the direct stimulus for its creation was the American College of Cardiology's (ACC) first membership drive 3 years later. When the AHA's Section (later Council) on Clinical Cardiology was formally established in 1952, its official purpose was to facilitate and encourage investigation, prevention, treatment and education in the field of clinical cardiology. Originally strained, the relations between the AHA and the ACC improved as the organizations came to view each other as potential partners rather than rivals.
The impact of the combination of KIT mutation and minimal residual disease on outcome in t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Ya-Zhen Qin, Qian Jiang, Yu Wang, Hao Jiang, Lan-Ping Xu, Xiao-Su Zhao, Xiao-Hui Zhang, Kai-Yan Liu, Xiao-Jun Huang
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2021)
Myocardial infarct extension: incidence and relationship to survival.
Authors: J TBaker, D ABramlet, R MLester, D GHarrison, C RRoe, F RCobb
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Myocardial infarct extension, defined as reelevation or reappearance of creatine phosphokinase-MB (CK-MB) 48 hours after the onset of symptoms, was evaluated prospectively in 56 consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction. Myocardial infarct extension occurred in eight patients (14%). The sensitivity, specificity and predictive accuracy in the diagnosis of myocardial infarct extension were 63%, 85% and 42%, respectively, for recurrent chest pain requiring morphine; 50%, 65% and 19% for recurrent ST-segment elevation on routine 12-lead ECGs; and 88%, 63% and 28% for reelevation of total CK. Three of the eight episodes of extension were clinically silent. Four of eight patients (50%) with extension died, compared with one of 46 patients (2%) without extension (p = 0.0009). CK-MB persisted for 72 hours or longer in 16 patients and identified seven of eight patients who subsequently had infarct extension. We conclude that myocardial infarct extension is an infrequent complication of acute myocardial...
Cardiovascular reflexes stimulated by reperfusion of ischemic myocardium in acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: J YWei, J EMarkis, MMalagold, EBraunwald
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), especially of the inferior left ventricular wall, where most cardiac receptors with vagal afferents that are stimulated during coronary occlusion are located, is commonly associated with reflex hypotension and sinus bradycardia. To determine whether reperfusion of an acutely ischemic area can activate cardiac reflexes, changes in the heart rate, arterial pressure and rhythm were correlated with the time course and location of intracoronary thrombolytic therapy in 41 patients with AMI. Of the 27 patients with successful reperfusion, 17 developed significant transient bradycardia and hypotension and one became tachycardic and hypertensive at the time of recanalization. Spontaneous reversion of the bradycardia and hypotension occurred definitely in six patients and possibly in more (nine reverted after atropine and two after fluids). A positive correlation existed between the changes in heart rate and blood pressure, in contrast to the usual inverse relationship when barore...
Central nervous system effects of beta-adrenergic-blocking drugs: the role of ancillary properties.
Authors: J BKostis, R CRosen
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Among the side effects commonly reported with the use of beta-blockers are symptoms related to the central nervous system (CNS). In this study we compared the effects of four beta-blockers with different ancillary properties (atenolol, metoprolol, propranolol, and pindolol) and placebo on objective and subjective measures of CNS function in 30 healthy male subjects. All subjects were randomly assigned to a double-blind, placebo controlled, Latin-square design study in which five 1 week periods of drug or placebo administration were separated by 2 week washout periods. Laboratory evaluations were conducted at the end of each treatment period, and included multistage exercise stress testing; questionnaire assessments of mood state, sexual function, and sleep habits; tests of psychomotor function; and overnight polysomnographic measures of sleep. Significant effects on sleep continuity were observed for each of the lipophilic drugs, as reflected in the number of awakenings (pindolol = 6.4 +/- 5.0; propranolo...