tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of calcium antagonists on the electrical alternans of the ST segment and on associated mechanical alternans during acute coronary occlusion in dogs.
Authors: HHashimoto, KSuzuki, SMiyake, MNakashima
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Effects of calcium antagonists on the ST alternans and associated mechanical alternans during acute coronary occlusion were examined in anesthetized dogs. The heart rate was fixed by atrial pacing. The intravenous administration of 0.2 mg/kg verapamil attenuated the ST alternans as did 0.5 mg/kg diltiazem. Although these drugs significantly attenuated TQ depression during occlusion, the attenuation was observed after a longer period of occlusion and when the degree of TQ depression was comparable to that during the control occlusion. Nifedipine, 0.03 mg/kg, slightly attenuated the ST alternans, but 0.5 mg/kg dipyridamole had no effect. These results support the idea that slow inward currents are involved in the ST alternans. On the other hand, the mechanical alternans was attenuated in six of 11 dogs. It is probable that factors other than the electrical alternans may also contribute to the mechanical alternans.
Primary Care Health Coaches Help Low-Income Patients Curb Obesity
Authors: Mary Chris Jaklevic
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Renal vascular adjustments to partial renal venous obstruction in dog kidney.
Authors: UAbildgaard, OAmtorp, KAgerskov, ESjøntoft, N JChristensen, OHenriksen
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

Blood flow studies were conducted in neurolept anesthetized dogs to characterize the involvement of renal nerves in ipsilateral renal vasoconstriction seen during acute elevation of renal venous pressure above 30 mm Hg. Renal blood flow was measured electromagnetically. The vasoconstrictor response was almost abolished by acute surgical denervation of the kidney, since renal vascular conductance remained unchanged during renal venous pressure elevation from 30-60 mm Hg. However, following additional alpha-adrenoceptor blockade or chronic renal denervation, renal vascular conductance increased progressively during renal venous pressure elevation to 60 mm Hg. The effect of acute decapsulation of kidney was studied in another group of dogs. Decapsulation induced a vasoconstriction. The decrease in renal vascular conductance observed during renal venous pressure elevation was unaffected by acute surgical denervation of decapsulated kidney, but was almost abolished following additional alpha-adrenoceptor block...
Modification of the frequency- and voltage-dependent effects of quinidine when administered in combination with tocainide in canine Purkinje fibers.
Authors: MValois, B ISasyniuk
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Frequency- and voltage-dependent modification of drug-induced inhibition of maximal upstroke velocity of the action potential (Vmax) by the combined administration of two class I antiarrhythmic drugs was studied in canine Purkinje fibers, taking depression of upstroke velocity as an indicator of sodium channel blockade. The kinetics of onset of drug-induced Vmax depression and the time course of Vmax recovery were studied after exposure to therapeutic concentrations of tocainide (50 microM) and quinidine (5 microM) both singly and in combination. The rate constant for onset of block during a drive train at a cycle length of 600 msec was 0.95 +/- 0.32 pulses in the presence of tocainide and 5.61 +/- 0.50 pulses in the presence of quinidine. The magnitude of block was three times greater with quinidine than with tocainide. The magnitude of block produced by the combination was no greater than that produced by quinidine alone and may be partly due to abbreviation of action potential duration by tocainide. On...
Interventions to Lower Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Cardiovascular Risk—Reply
Authors: Michael G. Silverman, Kyungah Im, Marc S. Sabatine
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Signalling of multiple interleukin (IL)‐17 family cytokines via IL‐17 receptor A drives psoriasis‐related inflammatory pathways
Authors: M.A.X. Tollenaere, J. Hebsgaard, D.A. Ewald, P. Lovato, S. Garcet, X. Li, S.D. Pilger, M.L. Tiirikainen, M. Bertelsen, J.G. Krueger, H. Norsgaard
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2021)

The interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17 immune axis is of central importance in psoriasis. However, the impact of IL-17 family cytokines other than IL-17A in psoriasis has not been fully established.To elucidate the contribution of IL-17 family cytokines in psoriasis.To address the expression and localization of IL-17 family cytokines, lesional and nonlesional skin samples from patients with psoriasis were analysed by several complementary methods, including quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunoassays, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Mechanistic studies assessing the functional activity of IL-17 family cytokines were performed using ex vivo cultured human skin biopsies and primary human keratinocytes.We demonstrated that IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-17A/F and IL-17C are expressed at increased levels in psoriasis lesional skin and induce overlapping gene expression responses in ex vivo cultured human skin that correlate with the transcriptomic signature of psoriasis skin. Furthermore, we showed that brodalumab, in contrast to ixekizumab, normalizes gene expression responses induced by the combination of IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-17A/F and IL-17C in human keratinocytes.Several IL-17 ligands signalling through IL-17RA are overexpressed in psoriasis skin and induce similar psoriasis-related inflammatory pathways demonstrating their relevance in relation to therapeutic intervention in psoriasis.
Endoscopic Removal of a Mobile Phone from the Gastric Cavity: Feasible or not Feasible?
Authors: A Martino, A Menchise, G Oliva, R Bennato, Zito FP, L Romano, G Lombardi
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

40-year-old male prisoner was admitted due to mobile phone (MP) ingestion. X-ray showed a 70x15 mm gastric foreign body (FB), without perforation. Urgent EGD under general anesthesia revealed the MP within the stomach. The MP was grasped at its very end using a snare, gently pulled through the lower esophageal sphincter by slightly rotating the scope and finally successfully retrieved. Postoperative CT showed neither visceral injuries nor free air.
Prediction of angiographic change in native human coronary arteries and aortocoronary bypass grafts. Lipid and nonlipid factors.
Authors: D HBlankenhorn, PAlaupovic, EWickham, H PChin, S PAzen
Journal: Circulation (1990)

A within-group risk factor analysis was conducted to predict angiographic change in the Cholesterol Lowering Atherosclerosis Study, a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of colestipol plus niacin therapy in men with previous coronary bypass surgery. Global angiographic change, including both native coronary arteries and bypass grafts after 2 treatment years, was the end point. Risk factors included on-trial clinical measures, plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins. Univariate analysis indicated that risk factors previously observed by others in epidemiologic investigation of ischemic heart disease--total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein B, and diastolic blood pressure--had significant effects in the placebo-treated group. Univariate analysis indicated significant effects of apolipoprotein C-III in drug- and placebo-treated groups. Multivariate analysis indicated the predominant risk factor predicting the probability of global coronary progression ...
Relation of regional cross-fiber shortening to wall thickening in the intact heart. Three-dimensional strain analysis by NMR tagging.
Authors: F ERademakers, W JRogers, W HGuier, G MHutchins, C OSiu, M LWeisfeldt, J LWeiss, E PShapiro
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDThe mechanism by which small amounts of myofiber shortening lead to extensive wall thickening is unknown. When isolated fibers shorten, they thicken in the two orthogonal directions. In situ fibers, however, vary in their orientation through the wall, and each is tethered to near or distant neighbors, which allows shortening to occur both in the direction of the fibers and also perpendicular to them. This  shortening may enable the wall to shorten in two directions and thereby thicken extensively in the third.METHODS AND RESULTSNuclear magnetic resonance tagging is a noninvasive method of labeling and tracking myocardium of the entire heart in three dimensions that does not interfere with myocardial motion. To investigate the presence and importance of cross-fiber shortening in the intact left ventricle, 10 closed-chest dogs were studied by nuclear magnetic resonance tagging. Five short-axis and four long-axis images were acquired to reconstruct 32 cubes of myocardium in each dog at...
Consumption of Vegetables and Fruits and Risk of Breast Cancer
Authors: Bernhard Watzl
Journal: JAMA (2005)

ContextThe intake of vegetables and fruits has been thought to protect against breast cancer.Most of the evidence comes from case-control studies, but a recent pooled analysis of the relatively few published cohort studies suggests no significantly reduced breast cancer risk is associated with vegetable and fruit consumption.Objective To examine the relation between total and specific vegetable and fruit intake and the incidence of breast cancer. Design, Setting, and ParticipantsProspective study of 285 526 women between the ages of 25 and 70 years, participating in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study, recruited from 8 of the 10 participating European countries.Participants completed a dietary questionnaire in 1992-1998 and were followed up for incidence of cancer until 2002. Main Outcome MeasuresRelative risks for breast cancer by total and specific vegetable and fruit intake.Analyses were stratified by age at recruitment and study center.Relative risks were adjusted for established breast cancer risk factors. ResultsDuring 1486402 person-years (median duration of follow-up, 5.4 years), 3659 invasive incident breast cancer cases were reported.No significant associations between vegetable or fruit intake and breast cancer risk were observed.Relative risks for the highest vs the lowest quintile were 0.98 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.84-1.14)for total vegetables, 1.09 (95% CI, 0.94-1.25)for total fruit, and 1.05 (95% CI , 0.92-1.20)for fruit and vegetable juices.For 6 specific vegetable subgroups no associations with breast cancer risk were observed either. ConclusionAlthough the period of follow-up is limited for now, the results suggest that total or specific vegetable and fruit intake is not associated with risk for breast cancer.
Quantitative Molecular Positron Emission Tomography Imaging Using Advanced Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Habib Zaidi, Issam El Naqa
Journal: Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering (2021)

The widespread availability of high-performance computing and the popularity of artificial intelligence (AI) with machine learning and deep learning (ML/DL) algorithms at the helm have stimulated the development of many applications involving the use of AI-based techniques in molecular imaging research. Applications reported in the literature encompass various areas, including innovative design concepts in positron emission tomography (PET) instrumentation, quantitative image reconstruction and analysis techniques, computer-aided detection and diagnosis, as well as modeling and prediction of outcomes. This review reflects the tremendous interest in quantitative molecular imaging using ML/DL techniques during the past decade, ranging from the basic principles of ML/DL techniques to the various steps required for obtaining quantitatively accurate PET data, including algorithms used to denoise or correct for physical degrading factors as well as to quantify tracer uptake and metabolic tumor volume for treatment monitoring or radiation therapy treatment planning and response prediction.This review also addresses future opportunities and current challenges facing the adoption of ML/DL approaches and their role in multimodality imaging.
Controlled trial of physical training in chronic heart failure. Exercise performance, hemodynamics, ventilation, and autonomic function.
Authors: A JCoats, SAdamopoulos, ARadaelli, AMcCance, T EMeyer, LBernardi, P LSolda, PDavey, OOrmerod, CForfar
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDMany secondary abnormalities in chronic heart failure (CHF) may reflect physical deconditioning. There has been no prospective, controlled study of the effects of physical training on hemodynamics and autonomic function in CHF.METHODS AND RESULTSIn a controlled crossover trial of 8 weeks of exercise training, 17 men with stable moderate to severe CHF (age, 61.8 +/- 1.5 years; left ventricular ejection fraction, 19.6 +/- 2.3%), increased exercise tolerance (13.9 +/- 1.0 to 16.5 +/- 1.0 minutes, p less than 0.001), and peak oxygen uptake (13.2 +/- 0.9 to 15.6 +/- 1.0 ml/kg/min, p less than 0.01) significantly compared with controls. Training increased cardiac output at submaximal (5.9-6.7 l/min, p less than 0.05) and peak exercise (6.3-7.1 l/min, p less than 0.05), with a significant reduction in systemic vascular resistance. Training reduced minute ventilation and the slope relating minute ventilation to carbon dioxide production (-10.5%, p less than 0.05). Sympathovagal balance was altered by ph...
Comparison of resection versus patch aortoplasty for repair of coarctation in infants and children.
Authors: P SHesslein, D GMcNamara, M JMorriss, G LHallman, D ACooley
Journal: Circulation (1981)

To evaluate two surgical techniques of treatment for coarctation of the aorta in infants and children, we retrospectively compared our long-term experience with resection and end-to-end anastomosis (resection) vs Dacron patch aortoplasty in patients operated upon when younger than 16 years of age. Since 1967, 184 patients underwent either resection (n = 96) or patch aortoplasty (n = 88). These groups were comparable in terms of preoperative systolic blood pressure, systolic pressure gradient across the coarctation, the year of operation, age and weight at operation, prevalence of associated cardiovascular defects, and duration of postoperative clinical follow-up (1-12.3 years, median 4.3 years). There was no statistically significant difference in operative mortality between surgical groups. Among 104 patients with follow-up longer than 1 year, there was no statistically significant difference between the two operations in the appearance of a residual gradient greater than 10 mm Hg, but for both groups ...
Adenosine receptor involvement in a delayed phase of myocardial protection 24 hours after ischemic preconditioning.
Authors: G FBaxter, M SMarber, V CPatel, D MYellon
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDWe previously reported a delayed phase of protection against infarction 24 hours after ischemic preconditioning in the rabbit. In the present study, we investigated the possibility that this second window of protection, like the well-described early phase of protection in the rabbit, might be associated with adenosine receptor activation.METHODS AND RESULTSIn the first series of experiments, we examined whether adenosine receptor blockade with 8-(p-sulfophenyl)-theophylline (SPT) during preconditioning could abolish the delayed protection against infarction 24 hours later. Open-chest rabbits were subjected to myocardial preconditioning (PC) with the four 5-minute coronary occlusions or they were sham operated on (SHAM). During these procedures, animals received either SPT (PC + SPT, n = 6; and SHAM + SPT, n = 6) or vehicle (PC + VEH, n = 12; and SHAM + VEH, n = 11). Twenty-four hours later, infarct development after a 30-minute coronary occlusion/120-minute reperfusion insult was assessed with...
Range-gated pulsed Doppler echocardiographic diagnosis of supracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage.
Authors: JSkovránek, STůma, DUrbancová, MSamánek
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Three patients with total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (TAPVD) into the innominate vein were studied by using M-mode and pulsed Doppler echocardiography. An abnormal continuous flow towards the transducer in a suprasternal notch position detected by pulsed Doppler echocardiography in the left hemithorax leftward of the aortic echo is a sign of blood flow through the left vertical vein into the innominate vein. This finding is highly specific for TAPVD. High-velocity flow across the tricuspid valve, disturbed flow in the right pulmonary artery and abnormal flow in the left atrium are additional important pulsed Doppler echocardiographic findings in TAPVD. Right ventricular enlargement and paradoxical interventricular septal motion by M-mode echocardiography were not specific enough to distinguish TAPVD from other right ventricular volume overload lesions. An echo-free space posterior to the left atrium was not recorded.
Effects of enalapril versus losartan on regression of volume overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats.
Authors: MRuzicka, BYuan, F HLeenen
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDThe role of nonhemodynamic cardiac trophic mechanisms differs not only between different models of cardiac hypertrophy but also within the same model for development versus maintenance of cardiac hypertrophy. Our previous studies pointed to a major role for the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) as a cardiac trophic stimulus in the remodeling of the heart in response to volume overload by aortocaval shunt or minoxidil treatment.METHODS AND RESULTSIn the present study, we evaluated the effects of blockade of the RAS by the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril and the angiotensin II receptor blocker losartan on left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular mass and LV dilation in relation to changes in central hemodynamics during the maintenance of minoxidil and aortocaval shunt-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Both blockers similarly decreased LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and LV peak systolic pressure, whereas cardiac output remained unchanged in both models of volume overload. This sugge...
144P Delays in epidermal growth factor receptor mutation (EGFRm) testing in advanced (stage IIIb/ IIIc/ IV) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and their impact on the use of first line tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKIs) in a real-world setting
Authors: F. Griesinger, Y-L. Choi, T-Y. Chou, J. Gregg, R. Hui, N. Leighl, A. Marchetti, N. Navani, T. Bailey, M. Silvey, R. Makin, D.A. Kahangire, M. Chau, A. Taylor, J. Subramanian
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Assessment of smooth muscle contribution to descending thoracic aortic elastic mechanics in conscious dogs.
Authors: J GBarra, R LArmentano, JLevenson, E IFischer, R HPichel, ASimon
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

Early investigators found contradictory evidence that vascular smooth muscle activation reduces the elastic modulus of the arterial wall under isotonic conditions but increases it under isometric conditions, concomitant with increased pulse-wave velocity. We examined the individual contributions of aortic constituents to the elastic modulus of the aortic wall to determine if isobaric analysis produces an accurate assessment of vascular smooth muscle activation. We used a modified Maxwell model assuming an incremental elastic modulus (Einc) composed of the elastic modulus of elastin fibers (EE), the elastic modulus of collagen fibers (EC) affected by the fraction of collagen fibers (fC) recruited to support wall stress, and the elastic modulus of the vascular smooth muscle (ESM) according to the following formula: Einc = EE+EC x fC+ESM.Einc was assessed in eight conscious dogs using descending thoracic aortic pressure (microtransducer) and diameter (sonomicrometry) measurements. Stress-strain relations in ...
The Impact Of Endoscopic Ultrasound Guided Fine-Needle Biopsy (EUS-FNB) In The Evaluation Of Non-Pancreatic Solid Lesions Of Upper Gastrointestinal Tract And Mediastinum
Authors: I Budimir, T Pavić, N Baršić, M Živković, Z Juroš, V Ratkajec, A Ratković, D Bakula, D Hrabar
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims This prospective study highlights diagnostic accuracy and complications of EUS-FNB focusing on non-pancreatic solid lesions.
Effects of diltiazem on cardiac function and regional blood flow at rest and during exercise in a conscious rat preparation of chronic heart failure (myocardial infarction).
Authors: HDrexler, J WDepenbusch, A GTruog, RZelis, S FFlaim
Journal: Circulation (1985)

The effects of intravenous infusion of diltiazem on regional blood flow (radioactive microspheres), hemodynamics, and maximum rate of oxygen consumption were evaluated in conscious rats with congestive heart failure caused by large myocardial infarction (n = 10, infarct size 41.8% of left ventricle) and compared with data obtained from rats subjected to sham surgical procedures (n = 9). In both groups data were obtained at rest and during submaximal treadmill exercise during alternate infusion of diltiazem and saline. In the group with heart failure, diltiazem increased stroke volume at rest and during exercise (p less than .05), reduced heart rate (p less than .05), and improved cardiac output during exercise (p less than .05) without increasing left ventricular end-diastolic pressure in any of the animals. Blood flow to renal and splanchnic circulations was reduced in the group with heart failure but was increased by diltiazem to values similar to those observed in sham-operated animals. Although skelet...