tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 12245: One Month After ACS, 3/4 of the Patients are Treated in Accordance With ESC and ACC Guidelines in Middle East and North Africa: The TOURACO Study
Authors: Mohamed Sobhy, Adel Rhouati, Djamaleddine Nibouche, Elmas Malvolti, Fahad Baslaib, Hany Ragy, Jassim Al Suwaidi, Mohammed Arafah, Mohamed Alsayed, Ramez Guindy
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Current management and its impact on medium- or long-term prognosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remain poorly studied in Middle East and North Africa. Methods: TOURACO is an ongo...
P25.02 Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy With Cisplatin + S-1 for Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: IPD Meta-Analysis
Authors: Y. Taniguchi, H. Okamoto, T. Shimokawa, T. Sasaki, T. Sato, S. Niho, Y. Ohe, Y. Saigusa, T. Yamanaka
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
MA05.03 Considering the Continued Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patient Advocacy and Support Organisations
Authors: M. Peters, C. Aldige, W. Boerckel, A. Mcnamara, P. Mondragon, M. Rigney, J. Fox, L. Dornan, S. Winstone, R. Thakrar
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Abstract 9839: Beta Blockers Improve Renal Tissue Oxygenation in Hypertensive Patients Suspected of Renal Artery Stenosis
Authors: Michael E Hall, Michael V Rocco, Timothy M Morgan, Craig A Hamilton, Jennifer H Jordan, Matthew S Edwards, John E Hall, William G Hundley
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Chronic renal hypoxia influences the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance (MR) is a noninvasive tool for assessment of renal tissue oxygenation. Beta blockers reduce cardiovascular mortality in patients with CKD and systolic heart failure, however the mechanisms of this benefit remain unclear. We sought to determine the association between beta blocker use, renal cortical and medullary oxygenation, and renal blood flow in hypertensive patients suspected of renal artery stenosis. Hypothesis: Chronic receipt of beta blockers will be associated with improved renal tissue oxygenation as assessed by BOLD MR. Methods: We measured renal cortical and medullary oxygenation using BOLD MR and renal artery blood flow using MR phase contrast techniques in 38 participants suspected of renal artery stenosis. Results: Chronic beta blocker therapy was associated with improved renal cortical (p=0.0007) and medullary (p=0.03) oxygenation (Figure). Receipt of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers was associated with reduced medullary oxygenation (p=0.01). In a multivariable model including gender, hemoglobin, diabetes, loop diuretic use, and mineralocorticoid use, chronic receipt of beta blockers was the only significant predictor of renal tissue oxygenation (β= 8.4, p=0.008). Conclusions: Beta blocker therapy was associated with improved renal oxygenation independent of renal blood flow suggesting may these findings may be related to reduced renal oxygen consumption. In addition to their known benefits to reduce cardiovascular mortality in patients with renal disease, beta blockers may reduce or prevent progression of renal dysfunction in patients with hypertension, diabetes, and renovascular disease. These observations may have important implications for treatment of patients with CKD.
Differences in Prostate Cancer Genomes by Self-reported Race: Contributions of Genetic Ancestry, Modifiable Cancer Risk Factors, and Clinical Factors
Authors: Konrad H. Stopsack, Subhiksha Nandakumar, Kanika Arora, Bastien Nguyen, Samantha E. Vasselman, Barbara Nweji, Sean M. McBride, Michael J. Morris, Dana E. Rathkopf, Susan F. Slovin, Daniel C. Danila, Karen A. Autio, Howard I. Scher, Lorelei A. Mucci, David B. Solit, Mithat Gönen, Yu Chen, Michael F. Berger, Nikolaus Schultz, Wassim Abida, Philip W. Kantoff
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

Black men die from prostate cancer twice as often as White men, a disparity likely due to inherited genetics, modifiable cancer risk factors, and healthcare access. It is incompletely understood how and why tumor genomes differ by self-reported race and genetic ancestry.Among 2,069 men with prostate cancer (1,841 self-reported White, 63 Asian, 165 Black) with access to clinical-grade sequencing at the same cancer center, prevalence of tumor and germline alterations was assessed in cancer driver genes reported to have different alteration prevalence by race.Clinical characteristics such as prostate-specific antigen and age at diagnosis as well as cancer stage at sample procurement differed by self-reported race. However, most genomic differences persisted when adjusting for clinical characteristics. Tumors from Black men harbored fewer PTEN mutations and more AR alterations than those from White men. Tumors from Asian men had more FOXA1 mutations and more ZFHX3 alterations than White men. Despite fewer TP53 mutations, tumors from Black men had more aneuploidy, particularly chromosome arm 8q gains, an adverse prognostic factor. Genetic ancestry was associated with similar tumor alterations as self-reported race, but also with modifiable cancer risk factors. Community-level average income was associated with chr8q gains after adjusting for race and ancestry.Tumor genomics differed by race even after accounting for clinical characteristics. Equalizing access to care may not fully eliminate such differences. Therapies for alterations more common in racial minorities are needed. Tumor genomic differences should not be assumed to be entirely due to germline genetics.
OA20.02 Pre-Treatment Levels of ctDNA for Long-Term Survival Prediction in Stage IIIA NSCLC Treated With Neoadjuvant Chemo-Immunotherapy
Authors: A. Romero, E. Nadal, R. Serna, A. Insa, M.R. García Campelo, C. Benito, M. Domine, M. Majem, D. Rodriguez Abreu, A. Martinez-Marti, J. De Castro, M. Cobo, G. López Vivanco, E. Del Barco, R. Bernabé, N. Viñolas, I. Barneto, S. Viteri, E. Pereira, A. Royuela, M. Casarrubios, V. Calvo, R. Laza - Briviesca, B. Massuti, A. Cruz, E. Sánchez-Herrero, M. Provencio
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Prone positioning for non-intubated hypoxaemic patients with COVID-19: cheap, easy and makes sense, but does it work?
Authors: Eric D. Morrell, Mark M. Wurfel
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2021)

<b>This editorial evaluates a large observational study that identified strong associations between awake prone positioning and decreased mortality in hospitalised patients with COVID-19</b>https://bit.ly/3m3NeAx
The Nonlinear Relationship Between Psoas Cross-sectional Area and BMI: A New Observation and Its Insights Into Diabetes Remission After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass
Authors: Shaobo Li, Haoyong Yu, Pin Zhang, Yinfang Tu, Yunfeng Xiao, Di Yang, Yuqian Bao, Junfeng Han, Weiping Jia
Journal: Diabetes Care (2021)

OBJECTIVE To explore the potential relevance of muscle mass as a variable contributor to BMI in limitations on BMI-based predictions of diabetes remission (DR) after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We evaluated the relationship between muscle mass and BMI in 501 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and overweight or obesity, of whom 186 patients who underwent RYGB were studied for determination of the role of baseline muscle mass and BMI in predicting DR. Muscle mass was assessed by estimated fat-free mass index (eFFMI) and psoas cross-sectional area (CSA). RESULTS A nonlinear relationship existed between psoas CSA and BMI, whereas psoas CSA showed a highly positive correlation with eFFMI. Baseline psoas CSA and eFFMI were better than BMI for predicting 1- and 5-year DR. CONCLUSIONS The nonlinear relationship between muscle mass and BMI may partially contribute to BMI limitations in predicting DR after RYGB.
Characterization of key amino acid substitutions and dynamics of the influenza virus H3N2 hemagglutinin
Authors: Maggie Haitian Wang, Jingzhi Lou, Lirong Cao, Shi Zhao, Renee WY Chan, Paul KS Chan, Martin Chi-Wai Chan, Marc KC Chong, William KK Wu, Yuchen Wei, Haoyang Zhang, Benny CY Zee, Eng-Kiong Yeoh
Journal: Journal of Infection (2021)
Predictors of Prosthetic Valve Regurgitation After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation With ACURATE neo in the SCOPE I Trial
Authors: Won-Keun Kim, Thomas Walther, Christof Burgdorf, Helge Möllmann, Axel Linke, Simon Redwood, Christian Thilo, Michael Hilker, Michael Joner, Holger Thiele, Lars Conzelmann, Lenard Conradi, Sebastian Barth, Bernard Prendergast, Oliver Husser, Stefan Stortecky, Tobias Rheude, Johannes Blumenstein, Dik Heg, Stephan Windecker, Thomas Pilgrim, Jonas Lanz
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2021)
Abstract 10427: Clinical and Image Characteristics of Patients With Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy With Fat and Fibrotic Invasion to Left Ventricular Myocardium Using Four-dimensional Cardiac Computed Tomography
Authors: Nobusada Funabashi, Yoshio Kobayashi
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Arrhythmogenic right ventricular (RV) cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a genetic heart muscle disorder with an increased risk of critical ventricular arrhythmias; however, clinical and image ...
Initial experience with navigated intraoperative ultrasound for brain tumour surgery
Authors: Adam Nunn, Neil Barua
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2021)

Abstract Aims The use of intraoperative ultrasound (iUS) has been associated with prolonged survival in patients with high grade glioma. However, iUS remains an under-utilised surgical adjunct in many neurosurgical units due to greater familiarity with CT and MR imaging. Navigated intraoperative ultrasound (NiUS) facilitates co-registration of pre-operative MR imaging with iUS, offering a number of advantages over standard neuronavigation. The aim of this study was to describe our initial experiences with NiUS for brain tumour resection in adults. Method We prospectively collected data on patient demographics, tumour location and histology, extent of resection and early post-operative outcome in 9 consecutive patients. Brainlab neuronavigation (BrainLab, Germany) and the BK5000 cranial ultrasound probe (BK Medical, Denmark) were used in all cases. We also collected data on surgical intent and the use of surgical adjuncts including neurophysiology monitoring, DTI and 5ALA. Results NiUS was used in 9 patients (6 male, 3 female). iUS scans were successfully co-registered in all cases. Histological diagnoses were GBM (7 patients), melanoma (1 patient) and oligodendroglioma (1 patient). NiUS was used in conjunction with the following techniques and adjuncts – awake craniotomy (2), DTI (all cases), neurophysiology monitoring (4 cases) and 5ALA (7 cases). Gross total resection was achieved in 8 patients. The mean operative time was 4 hours and 7 minutes, which is significantly lower than that reported in a recently published series involving intra-operative MRI. No patients suffered any deterioration in neurological status in the early post-operative period. Conclusion NiUS was rapidly assimilated into our surgical workflow with successful co-registration in all cases. NiUS was used successfully in conjunction with awake craniotomy, neurophysiology monitoring, DTI and 5ALA for both enhancing and non-enhancing tumours. Based on our early experience we offer learning points on patient positioning, set up of equipment and interpretation of iUS. Further studies are required to determine the impact of NiUS on patient outcome.
P40.08 Bone-Targeted Agents Improve Survival in High Bone Tumor Burden Advanced Non-Small-Cell-Lung Cancer Patients Treated With PD-(L)1 Inhibitors
Authors: S. Manglaviti, M. Bini, G. Apollonio, G. Galli, A. Labianca, E. Zecca, M. Brambilla, M. Occhipinti, C. Proto, A. Prelaj, D. Signorelli, A. De Toma, G. Viscardi, T. Beninato, E. Zattarin, L. Mazzeo, E. Galli, M. Ganzinelli, F.G.M. De Braud, M.C. Garassino, G. Lo Russo, R. Ferrara
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Specific contributions of segmental transit times to gut microbiota composition
Authors: Nele Steenackers, Gwen Falony, Patrick Augustijns, Bart Van der Schueren, Tim Vanuytsel, Sara Vieira-Silva, Lucas Wauters, Jeroen Raes, Christophe Matthys
Journal: Gut (2021)

We read with great interest the study by Asnicar and colleagues, describing the exploration of gut microbiota composition in relation to gut transit time using the ‘blue dye’ method.1 In agreement with previous research, the authors provided convincing evidence that longer gut transit times are linked to increasing relative abundances of microbial species (ie, Akkermansia muciniphila, Bacteroides spp. and Alistipes spp. ).1–3 However, despite practical advantages, the ‘blue dye’ method does not allow to distinguish between segmental transit times.

In a recent study, we investigated segmental transit time and passage-related variation in pressure and pH in 22 individuals (11 subjects with normal weight and 11 subjects with obesity) using a wireless motility capsule (SmartPill©).4 During capsule passage, participants were asked to collect a faecal sample. Samples were subjected to 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing according to Valles-Colomer et al .5 Associations between clinical and SmartPill© variables and faecal microbiota community variation were assessed using single and stepwise multivariate distance-based redundancy analyses (dbRDA). Next, we explored associations between the microbiome covariates identified and participants’ enterotypes using Kruskal-Wallis test with post-hoc pairwise Dunn’s test.6 Finally, correlations between relative abundances of genera and significant variables were assessed …
P12.01 A Novel 89Zr-α-PD-1 Immuno-PET-CT May Improve Pseudoprogression Detection in a Lung Cancer Murine Model Receiving Immunotherapy
Authors: A. Puyalto, M. Rodriguez-Remirez, I. López, F. Iribarren, M. Ecay, M. Collantes, A. Vilalta-Lacarra, I. Gil-Bazo
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Matt Morgan: How watching<i>Friends</i>may prevent your next complaint
Authors: Matt Morgan
Journal: BMJ (2021)

The opening bar of the theme tune for the TV programme Friends takes me straight back to my teenage years, nearly three decades ago. Yet, like many medical treatments, old fashioned trends often come back around. My daughter’s favourite t-shirt in 2021 proudly displays the famous logo on the front, as mine did back in 1995. Watching the series for a second time, I was struck by how much has changed in life, and how much has stayed the same. Again, a bit like medicine over the past 30 years.

The Canadian author Malcolm Gladwell has a particular fascination with the show, claiming that he could watch an entire episode …
Fractionating a COVID-19 Ad5-vectored vaccine improves virus-specific immunity
Authors: Sarah Sanchez, Nicole Palacio, Tanushree Dangi, Thomas Ciucci, Pablo Penaloza-MacMaster
Journal: Science Immunology (2021)

SARS-CoV-2 has caused a global pandemic that has infected more than 250 million people worldwide. Although several vaccine candidates have received emergency use authorization, there is still limited knowledge on how vaccine dosing affects immune responses. We performed mechanistic studies in mice to understand how the priming dose of an adenovirus-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine affects long-term immunity to SARS-CoV-2. We first primed C57BL/6 mice with an adenovirus serotype 5 vaccine encoding the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, similar to that used in the CanSino and Sputnik V vaccines. The vaccine prime was administered at either a standard dose or 1000-fold lower dose, followed by a boost with the standard dose 4 weeks later. Initially, the low dose prime induced lower immune responses relative to the standard dose prime. However, the low dose prime elicited immune responses that were qualitatively superior and, upon boosting, exhibited substantially more potent recall and functional capacity. We also report similar effects with a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) vaccine. These findings show an unexpected advantage of fractionating vaccine prime doses, warranting a reevaluation of vaccine trial protocols for SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens.
P16.02 Atezolizumab, Bevacizumab and Chemotherapy (IMpower150) in Stage IV Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: The Australian Experience
Authors: S. Dean, H. Ainsworth, M. Alexander, D. Dharmaraj, R. O’Connell, P. Mitchell, J. Torres, A. Saqib, R. Ladwa, N. Pavlakis, S. Clarke, R. Tay, B. Solomon, T. John, M. Moore, P.Y. Yip, S. Kao, M. Itchins, S. Parakh
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Brain Cancer Drug Discovery: Clinical Trials, Drug Classes, Targets, and Combinatorial Therapies
Authors: Aleksandr V. Sokolov, Samira A. Dostdar, Misty M. Attwood, Aleksandra A. Krasilnikova, Anastasia A. Ilina, Amina Sh. Nabieva, Anna A. Lisitsyna, Vladimir N. Chubarev, Vadim V. Tarasov, Helgi B. Schiöth
Journal: Pharmacological Reviews (2021)

Brain cancer is a formidable challenge for drug development, and drugs derived from many cutting-edge technologies are being tested in clinical trials. We manually characterized 981 clinical trials on brain tumors that were registered in ClinicalTrials.gov from 2010 to 2020. We identified 582 unique therapeutic entities targeting 581 unique drug targets and 557 unique treatment combinations involving drugs. We performed the classification of both the drugs and drug targets based on pharmacological and structural classifications. Our analysis demonstrates a large diversity of agents and targets. Currently, we identified 32 different pharmacological directions for therapies that are based on 42 structural classes of agents. Our analysis shows that kinase inhibitors, chemotherapeutic agents, and cancer vaccines are the three most common classes of agents identified in trials. Agents in clinical trials demonstrated uneven distribution in combination approaches; chemotherapy agents, proteasome inhibitors, and immune modulators frequently appeared in combinations, whereas kinase inhibitors, modified immune effector cells did not as was shown by combination networks and descriptive statistics. This analysis provides an extensive overview of the drug discovery field in brain cancer, shifts that have been happening in recent years, and challenges that are likely to come. <h3>Significance Statement</h3> This review provides comprehensive quantitative analysis and discussion of the brain cancer drug discovery field, including classification of drug, targets, and therapies.
Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Nivolumab and Lirilumab in Patients with Recurrent, Resectable Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck
Authors: Glenn J. Hanna, Anne O'Neill, Kee-Young Shin, Kristine Wong, Vickie Y. Jo, Charles T. Quinn, Jennifer M. Cutler, Michelle Flynn, Patrick H. Lizotte, Donald J. Annino, Laura A. Goguen, Jason I. Kass, Eleni M. Rettig, Rosh K.V. Sethi, Jochen H. Lorch, Jonathan D. Schoenfeld, Danielle N. Margalit, Roy B. Tishler, Peter C. Everett, Anupam M. Desai, Megan E. Cavanaugh, Cloud P. Paweletz, Ann Marie Egloff, Ravindra Uppaluri, Robert I. Haddad
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

Surgery often represents the best chance for disease control in locoregionally recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). We investigated dual immune-checkpoint inhibition [anti-PD-1, nivolumab (N), and anti-KIR, lirilumab (L)] before and after salvage surgery to improve disease-free survival (DFS).
Homozygous <i>MEFV</i> Gene Variant and Pyrin-Associated Autoinflammation With Neutrophilic Dermatosis
Authors: Hassan Vahidnezhad, Leila Youssefian, Amir Hossein Saeidian, Vahid Ziaee, Hamidreza Mahmoudi, Nima Parvaneh, Bahar Ashjaei, Soroush Shahrokh, Kambiz Kamyab Hesari, Mohammadsadegh Soltani Zangbar, Mehdi Yousefi, Sirous Zeinali, Jouni Uitto
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2021)

<h3>Importance</h3> Pyrin-associated autoinflammation with neutrophilic dermatosis (PAAND) is a monogenic autoinflammatory disorder with autosomal dominant inheritance and has been associated with monoallelic p.Ser242Arg and p.Glu244Lys variations in the<i>MEFV</i>gene. This dermatosis shares clinical features and pathogenesis with familial Mediterranean fever, although it is a clinically distinct entity. <h3>Objective</h3> To identify the genetic basis of PAAND in a consanguineous family with 2 affected children and to prescribe an effective genotype-guided treatment. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This case series study examined 2 siblings who presented with clinical features of PAAND. We sought the genetic basis of this disease with trio whole exome sequencing (trio-WES). Genome-wide homozygosity mapping provided additional evidence for causality of a sequence variant identified by trio-WES. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Association of a biallelic<i>MEFV</i>variation with a new form of autosomal recessive PAAND was documented by genetic analysis. Response to treatment with colchicine and a low-dose steroid was assessed clinically and experimentally. <h3>Results</h3> Two siblings, a girl (proband; age 5 years) and a boy (age 2.5 years) of Iranian-Azeri ancestry born to first-cousin consanguineous parents presented with clinical features of PAAND—recurrent episodes of maculopapular and pustular rash, gastrointestinal involvement resembling inflammatory bowel disease, and intussusception with generalized mesenteric lymphadenitis. A trio-WES test detected a previously unreported homozygous missense variation, p.Ser242Gly, in both patients'<i>MEFV</i>gene. Genome-wide homozygosity mapping revealed shared regions of homozygosity in the patients' DNA, including 1 on chromosome 16 harboring<i>MEFV.</i>Whole transcriptome sequencing by RNA-sequencing revealed that the variant<i>MEFV</i>transcript, among the inflammasome-associated transcripts, was most upregulated, and the cell-cell receptor interaction and innate immune system pathways were most positively enriched. Under the guidance of<i>MEFV</i>genotype, treatment with colchicine (1 mg/d) and low-dose prednisolone (2.5 mg every other day) was started, and the patients responded well. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> This case series study demonstrated successful genotype-guided treatment with colchicine and low-dose prednisolone, a low-cost therapeutic option with minimal adverse effects, in patients with a novel form of autosomal recessive PAAND. This case report examines the genetic basis of PAAND in a consanguineous family with 2 affected children and seeks to prescribe an effective genotype-guided treatment.
National Prevalence of Disability and Disability Types Among Adults in the US, 2019
Authors: Varshini Varadaraj, Jennifer A. Deal, Jessica Campanile, Nicholas S. Reed, Bonnielin K. Swenor
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

a Strata with a single sampling unit were treated as certainty units (ie, they do not contribute to the SEs).b US 2010 Census weights were used for age standardization.c Numbers in parentheses are weighted counts denoting population size in millions.d Participants who responded yes to at least 1 disability question were identified as having any disability.e Other refers to Asian, Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, multiracial, and any other race not specified.f Age estimates shown are survey weighted and not age standardized.g Race and ethnicity were self-reported by study participants using several options defined by the investigator.