tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Inspiratory muscle training enhances recovery post-COVID-19: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Melitta A. McNarry, Ronan M.G. Berg, James Shelley, Joanne Hudson, Zoe L. Saynor, Jamie Duckers, Keir Lewis, Gwyneth A. Davies, Kelly A. Mackintosh
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2022)

Background Many people recovering from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) experience prolonged symptoms, particularly breathlessness. We urgently need to identify safe and effective COVID-19 rehabilitative strategies. The aim of the current study was to investigate the potential rehabilitative role of inspiratory muscle training (IMT). Methods 281 adults (age 46.6±12.2 years; 88% female) recovering from self-reported COVID-19 (9.0±4.2 months post-acute infection) were randomised 4:1 to an 8-week IMT or a “usual care” waitlist control arm. Health-related quality-of-life and breathlessness questionnaires (King's Brief Interstitial Lung Disease (K-BILD) and Transition Dyspnoea Index (TDI)), respiratory muscle strength, and fitness (Chester Step Test) were assessed pre- and post-intervention. The primary end-point was K-BILD total score, with the K-BILD domains and TDI being key secondary outcomes. Results According to intention to treat, there was no difference between groups in K-BILD total score post-intervention (control: 59.5±12.4; IMT: 58.2±12.3; p&lt;0.05) but IMT elicited clinically meaningful improvements in the K-BILD domains for breathlessness (control: 59.8±12.6; IMT: 62.2±16.2; p&lt;0.05) and chest symptoms (control: 59.2±18.7; IMT: 64.5±18.2; p&lt;0.05), along with clinically meaningful improvements in breathlessness according to TDI (control: 0.9±1.7 versus 2.0±2.0; p&lt;0.05). IMT also improved respiratory muscle strength and estimated aerobic fitness. Conclusions IMT may represent an important home-based rehabilitation strategy for wider implementation as part of COVID-19 rehabilitative strategies. Given the diverse nature of long COVID, further research is warranted on the individual responses to rehabilitation; the withdrawal rate herein highlights that no one strategy is likely to be appropriate for all.
Useless drugs.
Authors: M A Keith
Journal: BMJ (1979)

phils, the theatre staff had 221 ±99 x 106/1 eosino- phils and the controls 79±63 x 106/1 (P<0001).When those with any kind of allergic history were excluded, a statistically significant difference remained between the groups.When the leucocyte and differential counts were checked six months later, the leucocyte count was 4900 ±780 x 106/1 in the theatre staff and 4500 ± 1090 x 106/1 in the controls.The proportion of eosinophils was 0 04 ±0-02 in the theatre staff and in the controls 0-02±0-02 (P<001), and the absolute eosinophil counts were 206±119x 106/1 and 96±72x 106/1 respectively (P<005).Summer holidays of one month in the theatre staff had no effect on the leucocyte and eosinophil counts.However, when the direct chamber method of Randolph7 was used, the eosinophil count in the theatre staff was 132 ±68 ( x 106/l) and 94 ± 67( x 106/1) in the controls (P> 005).To verify the previous finding of the increased eosinophil count in the theatre staff of Loimaa Regional Hospital, we studied the operating theatre personnel of Turku University Central Hospital.They included 125 nurses and doctors (117 women and eight men).The controls were 70 nurses from the wards.The proportion of eosinophils, 0 03 + 0-02 in the theatre staff, was higher than in the controls (0 02 ±0-02) (P <0-05); but the difference in the absolute numbers of eosinophils (173± 147 X 106/1 and 144± 122 x 106/1, respectively) was not statistically significant.This study suggests that operating theatre work increases the proportion of eosinophils.The same observation has been made by Werthmann,8 but in that study the eosinophil count decreased after six weeks' leave.The clinical significance of this finding remains to be established.
The International Medical Annual. A Year Book of Treatment and Practitioner's Index. 1904. Twenty-second Year.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>QuickStats:</i> Age-Adjusted Death Rates* for Cancer, by Urban-Rural Status† and Sex — National Vital Statistics System, United States, 1999–2019
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2021)

Age-adjusted rates per 100,000 based on the 2000 U.S. standard population.† Urban-rural status is determined by the Office of Management and Budget's February 2013 delineation of metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs), in which each MSA must have at least one urban area of ≥50,000 inhabitants.Areas with <50,000 inhabitants are grouped into the rural category.Cancer death rates declined among males and females during 1999-2019 in urban areas from 249.6 per 100,000 to 168.4 for males and from 168.2 to 123.9 for females.Rates also declined in rural areas from 262.4 to 195.6 for males and from 165.4 to 139.2 for females.Throughout the period, cancer death rates were higher for males than females and in rural compared with urban areas, and the urban-rural differences widened over the period for both males and females.
Surveillance for Foodborne Disease Outbreaks — United States, 2009–2015
Authors: Daniel Dewey-Mattia, Karunya Manikonda, Aron J. Hall, Matthew E. Wise, Samuel J. Crowe
Journal: MMWR Surveillance Summaries (2018)

Known foodborne disease agents are estimated to cause approximately 9.4 million illnesses each year in the United States. Although only a small subset of illnesses are associated with recognized outbreaks, data from outbreak investigations provide insight into the foods and pathogens that cause illnesses and the settings and conditions in which they occur.2009-2015 DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM: The Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (FDOSS) collects data on foodborne disease outbreaks, which are defined as the occurrence of two or more cases of a similar illness resulting from the ingestion of a common food. Since the early 1960s, foodborne outbreaks have been reported voluntarily to CDC by state, local, and territorial health departments using a standard form. Beginning in 2009, FDOSS reporting was made through the National Outbreak Reporting System, a web-based platform launched that year.During 2009-2015, FDOSS received reports of 5,760 outbreaks that resulted in 100,939 illnesses, 5,699 hospitalizations, and 145 deaths. All 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and CDC reported outbreaks. Among 2,953 outbreaks with a single confirmed etiology, norovirus was the most common cause of outbreaks (1,130 outbreaks [38%]) and outbreak-associated illnesses (27,623 illnesses [41%]), followed by Salmonella with 896 outbreaks (30%) and 23,662 illnesses (35%). Outbreaks caused by Listeria, Salmonella, and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) were responsible for 82% of all hospitalizations and 82% of deaths reported. Among 1,281 outbreaks in which the food reported could be classified into a single food category, fish were the most commonly implicated category (222 outbreaks [17%]), followed by dairy (136 [11%]) and chicken (123 [10%]). The food categories responsible for the most outbreak-associated illnesses were chicken (3,114 illnesses [12%]), pork (2,670 [10%]), and seeded vegetables (2,572 [10%]). Multistate outbreaks comprised only 3% of all outbreaks reported but accounted for 11% of illnesses, 34% of hospitalizations, and 54% of deaths.Foodborne disease outbreaks provide information about the pathogens and foods responsible for illness. Norovirus remains the leading cause of foodborne disease outbreaks, highlighting the continued need for food safety improvements targeting worker health and hygiene in food service settings. Outbreaks caused by Listeria, Salmonella, and STEC are important targets for public health intervention efforts, and improving the safety of chicken, pork, and seeded vegetables should be a priority.The causes of foodborne illness should continue to be tracked and analyzed to inform disease prevention policies and initiatives. Strengthening the capacity of state and local health departments to investigate and report outbreaks will assist with these efforts through identification of the foods, etiologies, and settings linked to these outbreaks.
Progress Toward Regional Measles Elimination — Worldwide, 2000–2021
Authors: Anna A. Minta, Matt Ferrari, Sebastien Antoni, Allison Portnoy, Alyssa Sbarra, Brian Lambert, Sarah Hauryski, Cynthia Hatcher, Yoann Nedelec, Deblina Datta, Lee Lee Ho, Claudia Steulet, Marta Gacic-Dobo, Paul A. Rota, Mick N. Mulders, Anindya S. Bose, William A. Perea, Patrick O’Connor
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2022)

All six World Health Organization (WHO) regions have committed to eliminating measles.* The Immunization Agenda 2021-2030 (IA2030)
Current Cigarette Smoking Among Adults — United States, 2005–2014
Authors: Ahmed Jamal, David M. Homa, Erin O’Connor, Stephen D. Babb, Ralph S. Caraballo, Tushar Singh, S. Sean Hu, Brian A. King
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2015)

Tobacco smoking is the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the United States, resulting in approximately 480,000 premature deaths and more than $300 billion in direct health care expenditures and productivity losses each year (1). To assess progress toward achieving the Healthy People 2020 objective of reducing the percentage of U.S. adults who smoke cigarettes to ≤12.0%,* CDC assessed the most recent national estimates of smoking prevalence among adults aged ≥18 years using data from the 2014 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). The percentage of U.S. adults who smoke cigarettes declined from 20.9% in 2005 to 16.8% in 2014. Among daily cigarette smokers, declines were observed in the percentage who smoked 20–29 cigarettes per day (from 34.9% to 27.4%) or ≥30 cigarettes per day (from 12.7% to 6.9%). In 2014, prevalence of cigarette smoking was higher among males, adults aged 25–44 years, multiracial persons and American Indian/Alaska Natives, persons who have a General Education Development certificate, live below the federal poverty level, live in the Midwest, are insured through Medicaid or are uninsured, have a disability or limitation, or are lesbian, gay, or bisexual. Proven population-based interventions, including tobacco price increases, comprehensive smoke-free laws, high impact mass media campaigns, and barrier-free access to quitting assistance, are critical to reduce cigarette smoking and smoking-related disease and death among U.S. adults.
Abstract 13601: Basal Left Ventricular Diastolic Functions Predicts Super-response To Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Authors: Sercan Okutucu, Hakan Aksoy, Kudret Aytemir, Banu Evranos, Ergun B Kaya, Giray Kabakci, Lale Tokgozoglu, Hilmi Ozkutlu, Ali Oto
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) improves left ventricular systolic function in heart failure. However, improvements in left ventricular ejection fraction and reductions in lef...
Abstract 20832: Lower Levels of Bone Mineral Density is Associated with the Severity of Coronary Artery Calcium in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Naser Ahmadi, Avinash Rathod, Hussein Zughaib, Nichole Patel, Fereshteh Hajsadeghi, Ronney Shantouf, Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh, Ramin Ebrahimi, Song S Mao, Matthew Budoff
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Osteoporosis and atherosclerosis are major public health problems that often coexist in both genders worldwide, particularly in patients with chronic renal insufficiency. Coronary arter...
Conclusions are not supported by results
Authors: P. Brocklehurst, A. Macfarlane, L. Duley, J. Garcia, D. Elbourne
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,—V A Hundley and colleagues' randomised controlled trial comparing midwife led care with consultant led care1 is welcome as there have been few such trials in this field.2 We are concerned, however, at some of the conclusions reached—in particular, the conclusion that midwife led care is as safe as consultant led care is not supported by the results.

The authors do not explicitly define safety in their paper. Although they chose perinatal morbidity as the primary outcome measure, they do not explain the type of …
Abstract 2847: High Prevalence of ’Unclassifiable’ Diastolic Dysfunction Using Current Criteria
Authors: Arumugam Narayanan, Gerard P Aurigemma, Jeffrey C Hill, Jennifer Kane, Allison McNamee, Dennis A Tighe
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Cross sectional studies have shown that diastolic dysfunction is prevalent and impacts mortality. Classification of diastolic function (DF) requires several Doppler variables. However, in clinical practice, pts may not necessarily have concordant data, leading to confusion about classification. The issue is compounded in hospitalized patients, who are tachycardic and may have limited Doppler data. Objective: The aims of this study were (1) to determine the percentage of pts with measurable DF data, and (2) to determine the percentage of pts with concordant data. Methods: Data from 100 consecutive in- and outpts in sinus rhythm, compiled by a single experienced sonographer were reviewed; transmitral (E/A), deceleration time (DT), pulmonary vein flow - S/D ratio and A reversal duration (PV A dur), and tissue Doppler E’ were attempted in all. DF was classified as normal, or mild, moderate or restrictive dysfunction, based on the validated and widely used scheme of Redfield et al (JAMA 2003). E/A was used as the primary classification variable. Results: E/A, DT and E/E’ were measurable in 3/4 of pts while PV S/D and A dur were measurable in 1/2 and 1/4 of pts, respectively. The most common reason for inability to record E/A was tachycardia (E/A fusion). Of pts with measurable data, only 55% had ≥3 concordant variables and most of those had normal DF. Summary/Conclusions: Applying the validated DF classification scheme to a wider variety of pts demonstrates: (1) 30% pts could not be classified and (2) only 55% pts have ≥3 concordant measurements. These data suggest the need for a weighted classification scheme which, perhaps, incorporates LA and LV structure, and PA pressure.
A Common Genetic Polymorphism (46 C to T Substitution) in the 5′-Untranslated Region of the Coagulation Factor XII Gene Is Associated With Low Translation Efficiency and Decrease in Plasma Factor XII Level
Authors: Taisuke Kanaji, Takashi Okamura, Koichi Osaki, Mika Kuroiwa, Kazuya Shimoda, Naotaka Hamasaki, Yoshiyuki Niho
Journal: Blood (1998)
Therapies Targeting the MAPK Pathway Improve Bone Marrow (BM) Fibrosis Induced By JAK2V617F
Authors: Kotaro Shide, Takuro Kameda, Ayako Kamiunten, Masaaki Sekine, Keiichi Akizuki, Haruko Shimoda, Tomonori Hidaka, Yoko Kubuki, Akira Kitanaka, Kazuya Shimoda
Journal: Blood (2014)
RAPIDLY PROGRESSIVE CALCIPHYLAXIS IN A PATIENT WITH END-STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE WITH MECHANICAL PROSTHETIC VALVES ON WARFARIN: AN ANTICOAGULATION DILEMMA
Authors: Philippe Fernand Nyembo, Keith E. Eidman, Mengistu Simegn, Andrew W. Shaffer, Gautam R. Shroff
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Point-of-Care Ultrasonography: Clearly More Than a Pretty Picture—Reply
Authors: Eden Bernstein, Tracy Y. Wang
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Corrigendum to “Cost-Effectiveness of the Stockholm3 Test and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Prostate Cancer Screening: A Microsimulation Study” [Eur Urol 2022]
Authors: Shuang Hao, Emelie Heintz, Ellinor Östensson, Andrea Discacciati, Fredrik Jäderling, Henrik Grönberg, Martin Eklund, Tobias Nordström, Mark S. Clements
Journal: European Urology (2022)
SUSTAINED IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON PRESENTATIONS WITH ST-SEGMENTELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Nicholas Kassis, Grant W. Reed, Venu Menon, Amar Krishnaswamy, Damon Kralovic, Baruch Fertel, Samir R. Kapadia, Umesh Khot
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
IMPACT OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE ON ATRIAL FIBRILLATION ABLATION OUTCOMES (FROM THE NATIONAL READMISSION DATABASE)
Authors: Ahmed M. Maraey, Muhammad Haisum Maqsood, Mahmoud Khalil, Ahmed Hashim, Ahmed Elzanaty, Hadeer Rafat Elsharnoby, Eman Elsheikh, Lamiaa Elbatanony, Kenneth Ong, Paul Chacko
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
When I use a word . . . . Listening to the patient
Authors: Jeffrey K Aronson
Journal: BMJ (2022)

An aphorism that has been attributed to William Osler, "Listen to the patient; he is telling you the diagnosis," cannot be found in any of his published works. Given this, and his emphasis on observation and examination of the patient as the primary methods of reaching a diagnosis, rather than the clinical history, the aphorism seems unlikely to have originated with Osler. Although he may have said it, or something like it, to acolytes, who passed it on, I hypothesise that it is more likely that someone else coined it, since when it has been mistakenly attributed to him.
Autologous or allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for relapsed or refractory PTCL-NOS or AITL
Authors: Kazuaki Kameda, Shinichi Kako, Sung-Won Kim, Yoshiaki Usui, Koji Kato, Takahiro Fukuda, Naoyuki Uchida, Hikaru Kobayashi, Toshio Wakayama, Emiko Sakaida, Shingo Yano, Kazunori Imada, Miho Nara, Takashi Ikeda, Shin-ichi Fuchida, Jun Ishikawa, Hiroyuki Sugahara, Junya Kanda, Takafumi Kimura, Tatsuo Ichinohe, Yoshiko Atsuta, Eisei Kondo
Journal: Leukemia (2022)
T-Cell Lymphomas, Version 2.2022, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology
Authors: Steven M. Horwitz, Stephen Ansell, Weiyun Z. Ai, Jeffrey Barnes, Stefan K. Barta, Jonathan Brammer, Mark W. Clemens, Ahmet Dogan, Francine Foss, Paola Ghione, Aaron M. Goodman, Joan Guitart, Ahmad Halwani, Bradley M. Haverkos, Richard T. Hoppe, Eric Jacobsen, Deepa Jagadeesh, Allison Jones, Avyakta Kallam, Youn H. Kim, Kiran Kumar, Neha Mehta-Shah, Elise A. Olsen, Saurabh A. Rajguru, Sima Rozati, Jonathan Said, Aaron Shaver, Lauren Shea, Michi M. Shinohara, Lubomir Sokol, Carlos Torres-Cabala, Ryan Wilcox, Peggy Wu, Jasmine Zain, Mary Dwyer, Hema Sundar
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2022)

Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders arising from mature T cells, accounting for about 10% of non-Hodgkin lymphomas. PTCL-not otherwise specified is the most common subtype, followed by angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, anaplastic large cell lymphoma, anaplastic lymphoma kinase–positive, anaplastic large cell lymphoma, anaplastic lymphoma kinase–negative, and enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma. This discussion section focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of PTCLs as outlined in the NCCN Guidelines for T-Cell Lymphomas.
SAFETY OF ISOLATED VERSUS COMBINED MVR AND CABG PROCEDURES IN PATIENTS WITH CONCOMITANT MITRAL VALVE AND CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; A NATIONAL INPATIENT SAMPLE DATABASE ANALYSIS
Authors: Waqas Ullah, Sajjad Gul, Sameer Saleem, Mubbasher Syed, Muhammad Z. Khan, Salman Zahid, Abdul Mannan Khan Minhas, Salim S. Virani, David L. Fischman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
AN UNNOTICED BUT DANGEROUS LEAK—RUPTURED SINUS OF VALSALVA ANEURYSM LEADING TO SEVERE PULMONARY HYPERTENSION
Authors: Hogan K. Hudgins, Brennan Lanier, Aneesh Dhore, Sireesha Upadhrasta, Pedro R. Cox-Alomar, Rohan Samson, Frederick R. Helmcke
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION WITH NONOBSTRUCTIVE CORONARY ARTERIES (MINOCA) MIMICKERS IN ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Odayme Quesada, Anaya Shah, Santiago Garcia, Mehmet Yildiz, Brynn Okeson, Jenny Chambers, Lucas Volpenhein, Rebekah Lantz, Dalia Aziz, Ross Garberich, Heather Rohm, Frank V. Aguirre, Timothy D. Henry, Scott W. Sharkey
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Human organs-on-chips for disease modelling, drug development and personalized medicine
Authors: Donald E Ingber
Journal: Nature Reviews Genetics (2022)

The failure of animal models to predict therapeutic responses in humans is a major problem that also brings into question their use for basic research. Organ-on-a-chip (organ chip) microfluidic devices lined with living cells cultured under fluid flow can recapitulate organ-level physiology and pathophysiology with high fidelity. Here, I review how single and multiple human organ chip systems have been used to model complex diseases and rare genetic disorders, to study host–microbiome interactions, to recapitulate whole-body inter-organ physiology and to reproduce human clinical responses to drugs, radiation, toxins and infectious pathogens. I also address the challenges that must be overcome for organ chips to be accepted by the pharmaceutical industry and regulatory agencies, as well as discuss recent advances in the field. It is evident that the use of human organ chips instead of animal models for drug development and as living avatars for personalized medicine is ever closer to realization. This Review discusses the types of single and multiple human organ-on-a-chip (organ chip) microfluidic devices and their diverse applications for disease modelling, drug development and personalized medicine, as well as the challenges that must be overcome for organ chips to reach their full potential.