tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Vaccination Rates and New COVID-19 Infections by US County, July-August 2021
Authors: Diego F. Cuadros, F. DeWolfe Miller, Susanne Awad, Philip Coule, Neil J. MacKinnon
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Vaccination rates for each county were aggregated in 4 groups of less than 30%, 30% to less than 40%, 40% to 50%, and greater than 50%.Lines indicate temporal changes in new COVID-19 cases per 100 000 people during July 1 to 15, July 16 to 31, August 1 to 15, and August 16 to 31.
Symposium: Food Antioxidants—International Perspectives
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

Symposium: Food Antioxidants—International Perspectives Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 76, Issue 2, February 1986, Page 361, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/76.2.361-a Published: 01 February 1986
KDIGO 2017 Clinical Practice Guideline Update for the Diagnosis, Evaluation, Prevention, and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease–Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD)
Journal: Kidney International Supplements (2017)

of KDIGO CKD-MBD recommendations 19 Summary and comparison of 2017 updated and 2009 KDIGO CKD-MBD recommendations 22 Chapter 3.2: Diagnosis of CKD-MBD: bone 25 Chapter 4.1: Treatment of CKD-MBD targeted at lowering high serum phosphate and maintaining serum calcium 33 Chapter 4.2: Treatment of abnormal PTH levels in
Quantifying the risk and dosimetric variables of symptomatic brainstem injury after proton beam radiation in pediatric brain tumors
Authors: Rituraj Upadhyay, Kaiping Liao, David R Grosshans, Susan L McGovern, Mary Frances McAleer, Wafik Zaky, Murali M Chintagumpala, Anita Mahajan, Debra Nana Yeboa, Arnold C Paulino
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2022)

Brainstem toxicity after radiation therapy (RT) is a devastating complication and a particular concern with proton radiation (PBT). We investigated the incidence and clinical correlates of brainstem injury in pediatric brain tumors treated with PBT.All patients <21 years with brain tumors treated with PBT at our institution from 2007-2019, with a brainstem Dmean >30 Gy and/or Dmax >50.4 Gy were included. Symptomatic brainstem injury (SBI) was defined as any new or progressive cranial neuropathy, ataxia, and/or motor weakness with corresponding radiographic abnormality within brainstem.A total of 595 patients were reviewed and 468 (medulloblastoma = 200, gliomas = 114, ependymoma = 87, ATRT = 43) met our inclusion criteria. Median age at RT was 6.3 years and median prescribed RT dose was 54Gy [RBE]. Fifteen patients (3.2%) developed SBI, at a median of 4 months after RT. Grades 2, 3, 4, and 5 brainstem injuries were seen in 7, 5, 1, and 2 patients respectively. Asymptomatic radiographic changes were seen in 51 patients (10.9%). SBI was significantly higher in patients with age ≤3 years, female gender, ATRT histology, patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy with stem cell rescue, and those not receiving craniospinal irradiation. Patients with SBI had a significantly higher V50-52. In 2014, our institution started using strict brainstem dose constraints (Dmax ≤57 Gy, Dmean ≤52.4 Gy, and V54≤10%). There was a trend towards decrease in SBI from 4.4% (2007-2013) to 1.5% (2014-2019) (P = .089) without affecting survival.Our results suggest a low risk of SBI after PBT for pediatric brain tumors, comparable to photon therapy. A lower risk was seen after adopting strict brainstem dose constraints.
Tradition and invention: The bifocal stance theory of cultural evolution
Authors: Robert Jagiello, Cecilia Heyes, Harvey Whitehouse
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2022)

Cultural evolution depends on both innovation (the creation of new cultural variants by accident or design) and high-fidelity transmission (which preserves our accumulated knowledge and allows the storage of normative conventions). What is required is an overarching theory encompassing both dimensions, specifying the psychological motivations and mechanisms involved. The bifocal stance theory (BST) of cultural evolution proposes that the co-existence of innovative change and stable tradition results from our ability to adopt different motivational stances flexibly during social learning and transmission. We argue that the ways in which instrumental and ritual stances are adopted in cultural transmission influence the nature and degree of copying fidelity and thus also patterns of cultural spread and stability at a population level over time. BST creates a unifying framework for interpreting the findings of otherwise seemingly disparate areas of enquiry, including social learning, cumulative culture, overimitation, and ritual performance. We discuss the implications of BST for competing by-product accounts which assume that faithful copying is merely a side-effect of instrumental learning and action parsing. We also set out a novel "cultural action framework" bringing to light aspects of social learning that have been relatively neglected by behavioural ecologists and evolutionary psychologists and establishing a roadmap for future research on this topic. The BST framework sheds new light on the cognitive underpinnings of cumulative cultural change, selection, and spread within an encompassing evolutionary framework.
Obituaries
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Blood pressure in chronic kidney disease: conclusions from a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Controversies Conference
Authors: Alfred K. Cheung, Tara I. Chang, William C. Cushman, Susan L. Furth, Joachim H. Ix, Roberto Pecoits-Filho, Vlado Perkovic, Mark J. Sarnak, Sheldon W. Tobe, Charles R.V. Tomson, Michael Cheung, David C. Wheeler, Wolfgang C. Winkelmayer, Johannes F.E. Mann, George L. Bakris, Albertino Damasceno, Jamie P. Dwyer, Linda F. Fried, Richard Haynes, Nobuhito Hirawa, Hallvard Holdaas, Hassan N. Ibrahim, Julie R. Ingelfinger, Kunitoshi Iseki, Arif Khwaja, Paul L. Kimmel, Csaba P. Kovesdy, Elaine Ku, Edgar V. Lerma, Friedrich C. Luft, Jicheng Lv, Christopher B. McFadden, Paul Muntner, Martin G. Myers, Sankar D. Navaneethan, Gianfranco Parati, Aldo J. Peixoto, Ramesh Prasad, Mahboob Rahman, Michael V. Rocco, Cibele Isaac Saad Rodrigues, Simon D. Roger, George S. Stergiou, Laurie A. Tomlinson, Marcello Tonelli, Robert D. Toto, Yusuke Tsukamoto, Robert Walker, Angela Yee-Moon Wang, Jiguang Wang, Bradley A. Warady, Paul K. Whelton, Jeff D. Williamson
Journal: Kidney International (2019)

In September 2017, KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) convened a Controversies Conference titled Blood Pressure in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). The purpose of the meeting was to consider which recommendations from the 2012 KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Blood Pressure in CKD should be reevaluated based on new evidence from clinical trials. Participants included a multidisciplinary panel of clinical and scientific experts. Discussions focused on the optimal means for measuring blood pressure (BP) as well as managing BP in CKD patients. Consistent with the 2012 Guideline, the conference did not address BP management in patients on maintenance dialysis.
Mass-Fix better predicts for PFS and OS than standard methods among multiple myeloma patients participating on the STAMINA trial (BMT CTN 0702 /07LT)
Authors: Angela Dispenzieri, Amrita Krishnan, Bonnie Arendt, Beth Blackwell, Paul K. Wallace, Surendra Dasari, Dan T. Vogl, Yvonne Efebera, Mingwei Fei, Nancy Geller, Sergio Giralt, Theresa Hahn, Alan Howard, Mindy Kohlhagen, Heather Landau, Parameswaran Hari, Marcelo C. Pasquini, Muzaffar H. Qazilbash, Philip McCarthy, Nina Shah, David H. Vesole, Edward Stadtmauer, David Murray
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2022)

Abstract Measuring response among patients with multiple myeloma is essential for the care of patients. Deeper responses are associated with better progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). To test the hypothesis that Mass-Fix, a mass spectrometry-based means to detect monoclonal proteins, is superior to existing methodologies to predict for survival outcomes, samples from the STAMINA trial (NCT01109004), a trial comparing three transplant approaches, were employed. Samples from 575 patients from as many as three time points (post-induction [post-I; pre-maintenance [pre-M]; 1 year post enrollment [1YR]) were tested when available. Four response parameters were assessed: Mass-Fix, serum immunofixation, complete response, and measurable residual disease (MRD) by next generation flow cytometry. Of the four response measures, only MRD and Mass-Fix predicted for PFS and OS at multiple testing points on multivariate analyses. Although MRD drove Mass-Fix from the model for PFS at post-I and pre-M, 1YR Mass-Fix was independent of 1YR MRD. For OS, the only prognostic pre-I measure was Mass-Fix, and the only 1YR measures that were prognostic on multivariate analysis were 1YR MRD and 1YR Mass-Fix. SIFE and CR were not. Mass-Fix is a powerful means to track response.
OPEN-AIR TREATMENT OF PHTHISIS.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Précis of <i>Social Perception and Social Reality</i>: <i>Why accuracy dominates bias and self-fulfilling prophecy</i>
Authors: Lee Jussim
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2015)

Abstract Social Perception and Social Reality (Jussim 2012) reviews the evidence in social psychology and related fields and reaches three conclusions: (1) Although errors, biases, and self-fulfilling prophecies in person perception are real, reliable, and occasionally quite powerful, on average, they tend to be weak, fragile, and fleeting. (2) Perceptions of individuals and groups tend to be at least moderately, and often highly accurate. (3) Conclusions based on the research on error, bias, and self-fulfilling prophecies routinely greatly overstate their power and pervasiveness, and consistently ignore evidence of accuracy, agreement, and rationality in social perception. The weight of the evidence – including some of the most classic research widely interpreted as testifying to the power of biased and self-fulfilling processes – is that interpersonal expectations relate to social reality primarily because they reflect rather than cause social reality. This is the case not only for teacher expectations, but also for social stereotypes, both as perceptions of groups, and as the bases of expectations regarding individuals. The time is long overdue to replace cherry-picked and unjustified stories emphasizing error, bias, the power of self-fulfilling prophecies, and the inaccuracy of stereotypes, with conclusions that more closely correspond to the full range of empirical findings, which includes multiple failed replications of classic expectancy studies, meta-analyses consistently demonstrating small or at best moderate expectancy effects, and high accuracy in social perception.
2016 ACC/AHA Guideline Focused Update on Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines: An Update of the 2011 ACCF/AHA/SCAI Guideline for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, 2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery, 2012 ACC/AHA/ACP/AATS/PCNA/SCAI/STS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Stable …
Authors: Glenn N. Levine, Eric R. Bates, John A. Bittl, Ralph G. Brindis, Stephan D. Fihn, Lee A. Fleisher, Christopher B. Granger, Richard A. Lange, Michael J. Mack, Laura Mauri, Roxana Mehran, Debabrata Mukherjee, L. Kristin Newby, Patrick T. O’Gara, Marc S. Sabatine, Peter K. Smith, Sidney C. Smith
Journal: Circulation (2016)
Maandschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde, Leiden
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Coronary Embolism
Authors: E. LEE SHRADER, M. B. BAWELL, V. MORAGUES
Journal: Circulation (1956)

Data were selected in a review of the literature from about 54 cases of coronary embolism. A majority of the cases were men between 30 and 40 years of age. The sources of the emboli were chiefly vegetations from bacterial endocarditis and cardiac thrombi from pre-existent heart disease. These 2 sources accounted for the majority of the emboli. The left coronary artery was involved most frequently, and the type of death was usually sudden. Coronary emboli almost always produce death. A comparison of the various factors involved in coronary emboli has been made with coronary thrombosis.
Transactions of the New Hampshire Medical Society at its Ninety-fourth Annual Session, 1884.
Authors: None C. E. W.
Journal: JAMA (1885)

From among the various interesting papers we abstract the following, from " Respiratory Irrigation in the Treatment of Empyema," by E. S. Berry, M.D. The author considers that the steps in the treatment of empyema are these: Aspiration; free drainage and frequent washing out of cavity; Listerism; suction to the compressed lung. The plan of treatment was suggested by C. McIvor Goyder, Esq., in the<i>Lancet</i>of March, 1881. The patient was a previously healthy boy, ten years of age. After three months' sickness, with fever and pain in side, etc., an opening was made in the sixth interspace on a line with the axilla. A tube was passed into the opening. This, after leaving the chest, passed through a rubber disc, about five inches in diameter, which fitted close to the chest-wall and held the tube in place. Over this a rubber bandage encircled the chest. This tube passed through
Under the floorboards.
Journal: BMJ (1968)

MEDICALJOUbe seen.It may be no mere coincidence that his new duties are to include responsibility for local government, and when the Royal Commission on Local Government's recommendations are known, and added to those of the Seebohm Com- mittee, a new pattern of Health Service administration may emerge which will explain the present demotion of the Ministry of Health.Meanwhile these political manceuvrings will do nothing to lessen the medical profession's deep-rooted distaste for the mixing of politics with medicine.
Author Index
Authors: J.M. Havenaar, E.M. Hoch, Dongshick Rhee, Chang-Yong Chung, Nossrat Peseschkian, Lester Luborsky, Mauricio Knobel, Jobst Finke, W. Bettschart, G. Klosinski, Imre Szecsödy, A. Zintl-Wiegand, W. Saameli, Manuel Ruiz Ruiz, Antonio Porras Torres, Federico Martin Ortiz, Eduardo Sanchez Guerrero, Salvador Crossa Ramírez, S. Rossmanith, Friedrich Krull, C. Ringer, A. Blaser, M. Thommen, E. Heim, Mauricio Knobel, Raymond Battegay, Heinz Schepank, Suk-Hun Kang, A. Drees, I. Schwarz, John Penman, E. Brown, Reinhold Becker, Manuel Ruiz Ruiz, J.C.C. Badenhorst, Friedrich Krull, Michael Schifferdecker, Antonio Maria Lapenta, Attilio Randone, A. Blaser, Ch. Ringer, M. Thommen, E. Heim, M. Thommen, A. Blaser, Ch. Ringer, E. Heim, Celina Brykczyńska, Ruiz Ruiz, Morales Aranjuez, Calvo Ortega, Pino Blanes, Antón Cortés, Aparicio Aparicio, Gerald G. Pope, Atle Roness
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1990)
A Book of Detachable Diet Lists for Albuminuria, Anemia and Debility, Constipation, Diabetes, Diarrhea, Dyspepsia, Fevers, Gout or Uric Acid Diathesis, Obesity, Tuberculosis, and a Sick-Room Dietary.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue
Re: Chen Dong, Sung-Lang Chen, and Wen-Wei Sung’s Letter to the Editor re: Karin Welén, Ebba Rosendal, Magnus Gisslén, et al. A Phase 2 Trial of the Effect of Antiandrogen Therapy on COVID-19 Outcome: No Evidence of Benefit, Supported by Epidemiology and In Vitro Data. Eur Urol. 2022;81:285–93.
Authors: Karin Welen, Ebba Rosendal, Eva Freyhult, Anne-Marie Fors Connolly, Anna K. Överby, Andreas Josefsson
Journal: European Urology (2022)
Fabricated Elastin
Authors: Giselle C. Yeo, Behnaz Aghaei‐Ghareh‐Bolagh, Edwin P. Brackenreg, Matti A. Hiob, Pearl Lee, Anthony S. Weiss
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2015)

The mechanical stability, elasticity, inherent bioactivity, and self‐assembly properties of elastin make it a highly attractive candidate for the fabrication of versatile biomaterials. The ability to engineer specific peptide sequences derived from elastin allows the precise control of these physicochemical and organizational characteristics, and further broadens the diversity of elastin‐based applications. Elastin and elastin‐like peptides can also be modified or blended with other natural or synthetic moieties, including peptides, proteins, polysaccharides, and polymers, to augment existing capabilities or confer additional architectural and biofunctional features to compositionally pure materials. Elastin and elastin‐based composites have been subjected to diverse fabrication processes, including heating, electrospinning, wet spinning, solvent casting, freeze‐drying, and cross‐linking, for the manufacture of particles, fibers, gels, tubes, sheets and films. The resulting materials can be tailored to possess specific strength, elasticity, morphology, topography, porosity, wettability, surface charge, and bioactivity. This extraordinary tunability of elastin‐based constructs enables their use in a range of biomedical and tissue engineering applications such as targeted drug delivery, cell encapsulation, vascular repair, nerve regeneration, wound healing, and dermal, cartilage, bone, and dental replacement.
Influence of immune escape and nasopharyngeal virus load on the spread of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant
Authors: Marion Migueres, Chloé Dimeglio, Pauline Trémeaux, Florence Abravanel, Stéphanie Raymond, Sébastien Lhomme, Jean-Michel Mansuy, Jacques Izopet
Journal: Journal of Infection (2022)
Comparative Safety of Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors Versus Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors and Sulfonylureas on the Risk of Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Authors: Ghadeer K. Dawwas, James H. Flory, Sean Hennessy, Charles E. Leonard, James D. Lewis
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)

OBJECTIVE To assess the association of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors with diabetic ketoacidosis compared with dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors and sulfonylureas in patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a new-user active comparator cohort study to examine two pairwise comparisons: 1) SGLT2 inhibitors versus DPP-4 inhibitors and 2) SGLT2 inhibitors versus sulfonylureas. The main outcome was diabetic ketoacidosis present on hospital admission. We adjusted for confounders through propensity score matching. We used Cox proportional hazards regression with a robust variance estimator to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% CIs while adjusting for calendar time. RESULTS In cohort 1 (n = 85,125 for SGLT2 inhibitors and n = 85,125 for DPP-4 inhibitors), the incidence rates of diabetic ketoacidosis per 1,000 person-years were 6.0 and 4.3 for SGLT2 inhibitors and DPP4 inhibitors, respectively. In cohort 2 (n = 72,436 for SGLT2 inhibitors and n = 72,436 for sulfonylureas), the incidence rates of diabetic ketoacidosis per 1,000 person-years were 6.3 and 4.5 for SGLT2 inhibitors and sulfonylureas, respectively. In Cox proportional hazards regression models, the use of SGLT2 inhibitors was associated with a higher rate of diabetic ketoacidosis compared with DPP-4 inhibitors (adjusted HR [aHR] 1.63; 95% CI 1.36, 1.96) and sulfonylureas (aHR 1.56; 95% CI 1.30, 1.87). CONCLUSIONS In this comparative safety study using real-world data, patients with type 2 diabetes who were newly prescribed SGLT2 inhibitors had a higher rate of diabetic ketoacidosis compared with DPP-4 inhibitors and sulfonylureas. Clinicians should be vigilant about this association.