tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The plasma membrane sodium-hydrogen exchanger and its role in physiological and pathophysiological processes.
Authors: R LMahnensmith, P SAronson
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

The plasma membranes of most if not all vertebrate cells contain a transport system that mediates the transmembrane exchange of sodium for hydrogen. The kinetic properties of this transport system include a 1:1 stoichiometry, affinity for lithium and ammonium ion in addition to sodium and hydrogen, the ability to function in multiple 1:1 exchange modes involving these four cations, sensitivity to inhibition by amiloride and its analogues, and allosteric regulation by intracellular protons. The plasma membrane sodium-hydrogen exchanger plays a physiological role in the regulation of intracellular pH, the control of cell growth and proliferation, stimulus-response coupling in white cells and platelets, the metabolic response to hormones such as insulin and glucocorticoids, the regulation of cell volume, and the transepithelial absorption and secretion of sodium, hydrogen, bicarbonate and chloride ions, and organic anions. Preliminary evidence raises the possibility that the sodium-hydrogen exchanger may pla...
Automatic activity in depolarized guinea pig ventricular myocardium. Characteristics and mechanisms.
Authors: SImanishi, BSurawicz
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

Membrane potential was changed uniformly in segments, 0.7-1.0 mm long, of guinea pig papillary muscles excised from the right ventricle by using extracellular polarizing current pulses applied across two electrically insulated cf preparations superfused with Tyrode's solution at maximum diastolic membrane potentials ranging from-35.2+/-7.5 (threshold) to +4.0+/-9.2 mV. The average maximum dV/dt of RAD ranged from 17.1 to 18.0 V/sec within a membrane potential range of -40 to +20 mV. Raising extracellular Ca2+ concentration [Ca2+]0 from 1.8 to 6.8 mM, or application of isoproterenol (10(-6)g/ml) enhanced the rate of RAD, but lowering [Ca2+]0 to 0.4 mM or exposure to MnCl2 (6 mM) abolished RAD. RAD were enhanced by lowering extracellular K+ concentration [K+]0 from 5.4 to 1.5 mM. RAD were suppressed in 40% of fibers by raising [K+]0 to 15.4 mM, and in all fibers by raising [K+]0 to 40.4 mM. This suppression was due to increased [K+]0 and not to K-induced depolarization because it persisted when membrane pot...
Monkeying about with Nephron Formation
Authors: Ian M. Smyth
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2021)

Nephron endowment is largely determined in utero through a tightly regulated process of ureteric bud branching that creates cellular niches for the staged commitment of nephron progenitor cells. Human nephron number can vary almost ten-fold in "normal" individuals,[1][1] and although it is
Surgical ablation of ventricular tachycardia: improved results with a map-directed regional approach.
Authors: JKrafchek, G MLawrie, RRoberts, S AMagro, C RWyndham
Journal: Circulation (1986)

To determine whether a regional approach to surgery for ventricular tachycardia would improve on the results of previously reported methods of endocardial resection, an analysis was performed of our surgical experience over a 5 year period. Of 46 consecutive patients operated on for recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation, 39 patients with ischemic heart disease underwent subendocardial resection and/or cryoablation. The mean age of the patients was 61 +/- 8 (SD) years, the mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 32 +/- 11%, and the mean number of ineffective antiarrhythmic drugs was 3.8 +/- 1.2 per patient. In 35 of 39 patients in whom mapping data were obtainable, 56 (86%) tachycardias had earliest sites of activation in the left ventricle and nine (14%) had earliest sites in the right ventricle. Ten patients had 14 tachycardias (21%) mapped to areas outside visible dense scar. Of these 35 patients, 10 underwent localized subendocardial resection and 25 underwent a re...
Actions of Ca2+ antagonists on two types of Ca2+ channels in rat aorta smooth muscle cells in primary culture.
Authors: TKuga, JSadoshima, HTomoike, HKanaide, NAkaike, MNakamura
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

Mechanisms of blockade of two types of Ca2+ channels by the organic Ca2+ antagonists, nicardipine, diltiazem, verapamil, and flunarizine, were examined in rat aorta smooth muscle cells in primary culture by using the whole-cell voltage-clamp method. T-type Ca2+ current (T-type ICa) was isolated by an internal perfusion of 5 mM F-, which irreversibly suppressed the L-type ICa, without affecting T-type ICa. L-type ICa was isolated by setting a holding potential at -60 mV, at which most of the T-type Ca2+ channels were inactivated. L-type ICa is halved by 0.1 microM nicardipine, 3.0 microM diltiazem, 0.6 microM verapamil, and 0.1 microM flunarizine, whereas T-type ICa is halved by the same drugs at 0.6, 30, 30, and 0.1 microM, respectively. Diltiazem and verapamil accelerated the decay of L-type ICa and cumulatively blocked L-type ICa during repetitive step depolarizations elicited every 30 seconds (use-dependent block). Diltiazem and verapamil neither changed the decay of T-type ICa nor showed a use-depen...
Medical leaders call for swift action to remove GMC’s power to appeal tribunal decisions
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Thirteen leading healthcare organisations, including the BMA and five royal colleges, are calling on the UK government to act to remove the General Medical Council’s power to appeal against decisions by medical practitioners’ tribunals.

The government agreed in 2018 that the power, which duplicates similar powers held by the Professional Standards Authority (PSA), should be scrapped.1 Its abolition is included in draft legislation to reform the way healthcare professionals …
146P The impact of prior immune checkpoint inhibitors or osimertinib treatment on NSCLC patients receiving atezolizumab treatment: A real-world observation
Authors: S-G. Wu, C-L. Chiang, C-C. Wang, J-Y. Hung, T-C. Hsia, C-H. Kuo, J-Y. Shih
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
150P A phase I study of TQ-B2450, a PD-L1 mAb, plus anlotinib in EGFR+ advanced NSCLC patients failed to prior EGFR TKI therapies
Authors: J. Feng, M. Shi, L. Wang, S. Yu, F. Yan, W. Peng
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease After Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy: Analysis of Clinical Impact and Risk Factors in a Large Series of Patients
Authors: F Mangiola, P Familiari, R Landi, CV Vita, V Bove, V Perri, G Costamagna
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is a fascinating procedure for the treatment of patients with esophageal motility disorders, but it is known to be associated with an high risk of post-operative gastroesophageal reflux (GERD). Aims of this study are to evaluate the incidence of iatrogenic GERD and to identify possible associations with preoperative, perioperative and postoperative factors.
Detecting left main coronary artery disease by apical, cross-sectional echocardiography.
Authors: C CChen, JMorganroth, SOgawa, T JMardelli
Journal: Circulation (1980)

To test the feasibility of imaging the left main coronary artery (LMCA) noninvasively as a means of detecting left main coronary artery disease, we studied 73 patients who underwent cardiac catheterization and cross-sectional echocardiography. Fifty-two had a normal LMCA (controls) and 21 had significant obstruction (greater than or equal to 50% luminal reduction). The apical, tomographic, cross-sectional, phased-array, echocardiographic approach was used, and the LMCA was imaged in 52 of 73 patients (71%). In 34 of 36 controls (94%) the LMCA was correctly judged as having no luminal obstruction. In the other two, and asymmetric, high-intensity echo in one wall of the artery suggested atherosclerotic disease, but coronary angiography revealed no obstruction. In 12 of 16 patients (75%) in whom significant LMCA disease was imaged, obstruction was predicted by echocardiographic criteria of either luminal irregularity or an asymmetric, high-intensity echo in the arterial wall. This preliminary study suggests ...
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. The problem, evaluation, and surgical correction.
Authors: J JGallagher, MGilbert, R HSvenson, W CSealy, JKasell, A GWallace
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Physiological studies of the type we have described, when performed in patients with the WPW syndrome, can yield diagnostic information regarding the mechanism of arrhythmia, demonstrate functional properties of therapeutic import, facilitate therapeutic decision-making about drug regimens and presumptively localize the site of pre-excitation as a basis for possible surgical intervention. Based on our experience, we feel that in selected patients, surgical correction of the WPW syndrome is entirely feasible, and can be accomplished in the majority of patients in whom free wall A-V connections are present. The continuing challenge of identification and correction of septal accessory pathways directs our present work with the WPW syndrome.
Relevance of R0 Resection to Reduce Local Recurrence After Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Colorectal Neoplasms: Results from a Spanish Cohort of 188 Cases
Authors: D de Frutos, J Santiago, I Omella, B Agudo, B Tormo, M Hernández, M López, B Conde, A Garrido, L De la Corte, A Herreros-de-Tejada
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Assess recurrence rate and disease-free survival time after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (CR-ESD) of colorectal neoplasms (CN) in a Spanish cohort and compare both in relation to complete histologic R0 resection (free deep and lateral margins).
Novel Suture Systems: High‐Dose Steroid Dissolving Microneedle for Relieving Atopic Dermatitis (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 7/2021)
Authors: Mingyu Jang, Bo Mi Kang, Huisuk Yang, Jungyoon Ohn, Ohsang Kwon, Hyungil Jung
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2021)

In article number 2001691 by Hyungil Jung, Ohsang Kwon, and co-workers, triamcinolone acetonide (TA) suspension is introduced to encapsulate therapeutic dosage. The composition of the TA suspension is optimized, and TA-loaded dissolving microneedles are fabricated using the TA suspension. TA-loaded dissolving microneedles have physical properties to be inserted into the skin and have anti-inflammatory effects in vivo.
Platelet function, thromboxane formation and blood pressure control during supplementation of the Western diet with cod liver oil.
Authors: RLorenz, USpengler, SFischer, JDuhm, P CWeber
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Epidemiologic and experimental data suggest an antiatherothrombotic potential of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Therefore, the Western diet, which supplies predominantly omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, was supplemented with 40 ml/day of cod liver oil, which provides about 10 g of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids daily, for 25 days in eight volunteers. The omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids were incorporated in platelet and erythrocyte membrane phospholipids at the expense of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Bleeding time increased (p less than 0.01) and platelet count (p less than 0.05), platelet aggregation upon ADP and collagen (p less than 0.01-0.05), and associated thromboxane B2 formation (p less than 0.01) decreased. Blood pressure (p less than 0.05) and blood pressure response to norepinephrine (p less than 0.01) and angiotensin II (NS) fell, without major changes in plasma catecholamines, renin, urinary aldosterone, kallikrein, prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha and red cell cation ...
Direct measurement of inner and outer wall thickening dynamics with epicardial echocardiography.
Authors: J HMyers, M CStirling, MChoy, A JBuda, K PGallagher
Journal: Circulation (1986)

Simple geometric models of the left ventricle and indirect experimental measurements suggest that the inner myocardial wall contributes the largest fraction to total wall thickening. We measured transmural differences in regional wall thickening directly, using an epicardial M mode echocardiographic transducer (6 mm diameter, 5 MHz) placed on the anterior free wall of the left ventricle. Wall thickness was partitioned into inner and outer regions by inserting a waxed, 3-0 suture at different depths within the wall. The suture was used as an intramural echo target that was imaged simultaneously with the endocardium to determine inner and outer fractional contribution to total wall thickness. Data were collected in open-chest dogs at rest, during inotropic stimulation with isoproterenol, and during right heart bypass, which was used to vary cardiac output and preload. Results obtained with this method demonstrated that systolic wall thickness was nonuniform at rest and during each intervention. The fraction...
Depressed responsiveness to vasoconstrictor and dilator agents and baroreflex sensitivity in conscious, newborn lambs.
Authors: W TManders, MPagani, S FVatner
Journal: Circulation (1979)

The effects of vasoconstrictors and vasodilators were compared in conscious, newborn lambs and adult sheep instrumented with electromagnetic flow probes on the ascending aorta and catheters in the thoracic aorta. Methoxamine, angiotensin II, norepinephrine, nitroglycerin and isoproterenol were administered intravenously to evaluate their effects on arterial pressure, cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance (SVR). The difference in response between adults and newborns was most apparent with methoxamine. Methoxamine, 400 micrograms/kg, i.v., which increased mean arterial pressure by 57 +/- 6% and SVR by 278 +/- 27% in newborn lambs, caused greater increases (p less than 0.01) of 81 +/- 8% and 1418 +/- 141%, respectively, in the adults. Responses also differed significantly between newborn and adult animals to norepinephrine, angiotensin II, nitroglycerin and isoproterenol. In a second group of animals in which smaller amounts of methoxamine and isoproterenol were injected directly into the terminal ...
Effects of atrial natriuretic peptide on the coronary arterial vasculature in humans.
Authors: AChu, K GMorris, W DKuehl, JCusma, FNavetta, F RCobb
Journal: Circulation (1989)

The effects of the synthetic 28-amino-acid alpha-human atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on the proximal coronary arteries and coronary blood flow were evaluated in 17 patients. Proximal coronary dimension was quantitated by digital angiography, and coronary flow was quantitated with 3F Doppler flow catheters. ANP, when given as a 2.5-micrograms/kg bolus in the left ventricle, caused sustained significant proximal coronary dilations from 3.49 +/- 0.57 to 4.09 +/- 0.76 mm, lasting more than 30 minutes. The proximal coronary diameter did not increase further after intracoronary injection of 0.3 mg nitroglycerin (4.08 +/- 0.79 mm). Coronary flow (resistance coronary dilation) was not significantly increased at 5 minutes after ANP (87 +/- 55 to 102 +/- 54 vol flow units), indicating that the proximal coronary dilations were not flow dependent. The persistent proximal coronary dilations were associated with minor and transient decreases in aortic pressure and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and with min...
Apolipoprotein A-I, A-II and C-II in black and white residents of Evans County.
Authors: H ATyroler, GHeiss, GSchonfeld, GCooper, SHeyden, C GHames
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Plasma levels of lipids, lipoprotein-cholesterol and three major apolipoproteins (ApoA-I, A-II and C-II) were studied in 318 black and white males and females randomly sampled in Evans County, Georgia. Black-white differences in lipid and lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations were observed, with low-density fractions higher in whites and high-density fractions higher in blacks. Plasma levels of ApoA-I but not ApoA-II were higher in blacks than in whites and in females than in males. ApoC-II concentrations were lower in black than in white men and women. Black-white differences in atherogenic lipoprotein fractions were statistically explained (in the sense of association, not necessarily of causal process) by the differences in ApoC-II concentrations between the race groups. Black-white differences in anti etherogenic high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol were greater than statistically predicted by differences in ApoA lipoprotein levels. The findings are indicative of black-white differences in lipoprotei...
Shall The Journal be Removed to Washington?
Authors: F. W. Dimmitt
Journal: JAMA (1891)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In my opinion, the idea of removingThe Journalfrom Chicago should never have been entertained at all, and I believe it is the desire of a majority of the members that it remain where it is. Chicago is near the geographical centre of the United States, is a great medical centre, and, being by far the greatest railroad city in the country, is better able than any other to distributeThe Journal, speedily, in all directions. If, however, this question is to be acted upon, let us not wait until the next meeting of the Association, and allow it to be decided by a sectional vote, but submit it to the entire membership and allow us all to have a voice in the matter. I suggest that you inform us, through the columns ofThe Journal, at what time the vote will be taken; then send
A mathematical analysis of the myogenic hypothesis with special reference to autoregulation of renal blood flow.
Authors: A HOien, KAukland
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

To test the hypothesis that autoregulation of renal blood flow could result from myogenic regulation of arterial/arteriolar wall tension, we have explored a model based on the assumptions that (1) each preglomerular vessel segment reacts to a change in transmural pressure by altering its internal radius until the initial change in wall tension is reduced by a gain factor, (2) postglomerular structural resistance remains unchanged, (3) extravascular tissue pressure equals intrarenal venous pressure, and (4) the renal vascular system can be represented by one unbranched tube. General equations were obtained for flow and segmental radii and pressure as functions of aortic pressure. With a gain factor of 1 and a glomerular capillary pressure of 50% of aortic pressure under control conditions, the model predictions agree well with experimental data in dogs. Increasing aortic pressure from about 60% of control level causes only slight increase of blood flow. A rise in tissue pressure up to 40% of aortic pressur...
Two-dimensional echocardiographic visualization of the left coronary artery in anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery. Pre- and postoperative studies.
Authors: E AFisher, BSepehri, BLendrum, JLuken, SLevitsky
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Three young children with anomalous origin of the left coronary artery (LCA) from the pulmonary artery were studied by two-dimensional echocardiography. The LCA was shown to be in confluence with the left posterior aspect of th pulmonary artery root in the two patients studied preoperatively. In one of these patients, and in another patient 2 years after surgery, studied after direct surgical implantation of the LCA to the aorta, the LCA was shown to be confluent with the left anterior aspect of the aortic root. In all, the LCA could be followed beyond the branching point. This study demonstrates the feasibility of noninvasive diagnosis of anomalous origin of the LCA from the pulmonary artery by direct visualization with two-dimensional echocardiography.
The effect of nitroglycerin and nitroprusside on intramural carbon dioxide tension during acute experimental myocardial ischemia in dogs.
Authors: L DHillis, CDavis, S FKhuri
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

There is continuing controversy over the effects of nitroglycerin and nitroprusside on myocardial ischemia. In 36 open-chest, anesthetized dogs with normal left ventricular filling pressures, intramural carbon dioxide tension (PmCO2) was measured directly with a mass spectrometer during repeated 10-minute coronary artery occlusions separated by 45-minute periods of reflow. Simultaneously, regional myocardial blood flow (RMBF) in the ischemic area was quantified by the microsphere technique. In all dogs the increase in PmCO2 from before to 10 minutes after the first occlusion (delta PmCO2) exceeded that during subsequent occlusions. In those dogs not receiving an intervention (controls), delta PmCO2 during the third occlusion was similar to that during the second occlusion. When nitroglycerin was administered before the third occlusion, it caused a significantly smaller elevation in delta PmCO2 than that which occurred during the control second occlusion, and transmural RMBF to the ischemic region was not ...
Effectiveness and Safety of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Gastrointestinal Lesions With Significant Submucosal Fibrosis: A Western Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: s sferrazza, F Vieceli, M Maida, E Tasini, F Armelao, G de Pretis, L Fuccio
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims During ESD, submucosal fibrosis can be an additional and often unexpected obstacle to technical success. This study aimed to assess the outcomes and the safety of ESD when submucosal fibrosis is detected.
Baroreflex sensitivity in patients with Takayasu's aortitis.
Authors: ATakeshita, STanaka, YOrita, HKanaide, MNakamura
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Takayasu's aortitis is an arterial inflammatory disease of arteries of unknown etiology. Fainting is a common symptom and has been attributed to ypersensitivity of the baroreflex. We studied baroreflex sensitivity in 11 patients with Takayasu's aortitis and compared it with that of eight control subjects of comparable age. Baroreflex sensitivity was assessed by determining the slope of a regression line relating the rise of systolic arterial pressure to the prolongation of the R-R interval of the electrocardiogram during a transient rise of arterial pressure induced by an intravenous injection of phenylephrine. The average baroreflex slope of patients with Takayasu's arteritis (4.0 +/- 0.8 msec/mm Hg) was significantly less than that of control subjects (10.7 +/- 0.8 msec/mm Hg, P less than 0.001). Reduced baroreflex sensitivity in patients with Takayasu's aortitis may be due to the hardening of the arteries where baroreceptors lie, or to hypertension and/or cardiac disease which was present in most of th...