tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 15316: Paradoxical Reduction in Myocardial Performance When Combining Two Independently Cardioprotective Agents: Mitochondrial-targeted Antioxidant MitoSNO and Adenosine Triphosphate-sensitive Potassium Channel Opener Diazoxide
Authors: Jie Wang, Alex Suarez-Pierre, Natalie Gaughan, Rosmi Thomas, Krisztian Sebestyen, Joseph Canner, Murphy Mike, Jennifer S Lawton
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium (K ATP ) channel opener diazoxide (DZX) and Antioxidant MitoSNO are both independently cardioprotective in animal models. The cardioprotective mechanism of diazoxide is unknown, and involves a non-sarcolemmal location, requires the inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase, and the K ATP channel subunit SUR1. Mitochondrial - targeted Antioxidant MitoSNO is a S-nitrosylating agent that stalls complex 1, reduces ROS production and succinate accumulation. In an isolated myocyte model of stress due to hyperkalemic cardioplegia (CPG), that the combination of DZX and MitoSNO negated the beneficial effects of each alone. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that the combination of DZX and MitoSNO would negate the beneficial effects of each alone in an isolated heart model of global ischemia. Methods: Isolated mouse hearts underwent assessment of end diastolic pressure (EDP) and left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) utilizing an LV balloon in a Langendorff model before and after 90 min of global ischemia. Hearts received test solution (CPG (9°C) or CPG±DZX (100μM) at onset of ischemia +/- MitoSNO (1μM/L) at end of ischemia), followed by 30 min reperfusion. LVDP and EDP were compared between groups utilizing a linear mixed model to assess the impact of treatment on the outcome, adjusting for baseline and balloon volume. Results: Similar to previous results, DZX improved LVDP and reduced EDP after ischemia compared to CPG (Figure). Similarly, MitoSNO improved LVDP and reduced EDP compared to CPG (Figure). The addition of MitoSNO with DZX was associated with the loss of cardioprotection observed with MitoSNO or DZX alone. Conclusions: Similar to data in a myocyte model, both MitoSNO and DZX provide cardioprotection that is lost with the combination of both, suggesting mutually exclusive mechanisms of action and that DZX’s mechanism requires a functional complex 1, ROS production, or succinate accumulation.
Abstract 15655: Safety and Efficacy of Subclavian Fibroplasty in Patients With Prior Left Ventricular Lead Implant Failure
Authors: MALIK SHEHADEH, Nebu Alexander, Cyrus Hadadi, John Costello, Vijaywant Brar, Zayd Eldadah, Seth Worley
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Fibrous subclavian vein obstruction (SVO) is a common primary cause of left ventricular (LV) lead implant failure. Such obstruction might be apparent or unrecognized. Balloon dilation of the aggressive fibrosis that develops in response to chronic leads (fibroplasty) can be employed safely to achieve a successful implant. Hypothesis: To describe the experience of high-volume referral center with balloon dilation of fibrous tissue in patients with prior LV lead implant failure. Methods: We evaluated the role of balloon dilation in 187 patients referred to our institute because of prior LV lead implant failure between June 2017 and November 2019. Results: Of the 187 patients, 35 (19%) had apparent SVO as the primary explanation for implant failure. In 152 (81%), SVO was not recognized as contributing to implant failure. In 32 of 35 with apparent SVO (91.4%), it was possible to cross the obstruction and perform fibroplasty successfully. Three cases (8.6%) failed due to inability to advance a wire through the obstruction, none had existing leads to follow. In 33 of 152 (22%) cases without recognized SVO, fibroplasty of the subclavian was required, in addition to another interventional techniques, for successful implantation. There were no major or minor vascular complications related to fibroplasty. There was no distal embolization and no damage to the existing leads. Conclusions: In the setting of chronic leads, apparent SVO is commonly recognized as a cause of LV lead implant failure. However, 22% of prior LV lead implant failures without obvious obstruction also required fibroplasty (in addition to another interventional techniques) for success. In conclusion, subclavian fibroplasty is essential for successful implantation in patients with prior LV lead implant failure with and without obvious obstruction and can be safely performed by the implanting physician.
Kidney Transplant List Status and Outcomes in the ISCHEMIA-CKD Trial
Authors: Charles A. Herzog, Mengistu A. Simegn, Yifan Xu, Salvatore P. Costa, Roy O. Mathew, Mohammad C. El-Hajjar, Sanjeev Gulati, Rafael A. Maldonado, Eric Daugas, Magdelena Madero, Jerome L. Fleg, Rebecca Anthopolos, Gregg W. Stone, Mandeep S. Sidhu, David J. Maron, Judith S. Hochman, Sripal Bangalore
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Abstract 16029: Patient Prosthesis Mismatch Post Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement is Associated With Lack of Improved Left Ventricular Diastolic Function
Authors: Ashvita Ramesh, Andrew C Peters, Fei Fei Gong, Madeline Jankowski, Eric Cantey, Vincent Chen, James D Thomas, S Malaisrie, James Flaherty, Kameswari Maganti
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Background: Patient prosthesis mismatch (PPM) is a frequent problem after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) that results in adverse cardiac remodeling. This study sought to evaluate the association between PPM and changes in diastolic function post-TAVR. Methods: 339 patients (79.3+8.8 y, 44.4% female) who underwent TAVR for severe aortic stenosis between 2015-2018 with an echocardiogram (echo) at baseline and at 1-year were studied. Echo measurements were performed according to ASE guidelines. Moderate PPM is defined by an indexed effective orifice area (iEOA) of &lt;0.85 to &gt;0.65 cm 2 /m 2 , and severe PPM by an iEOA &lt;0.65 cm 2 /m 2 . The aortic valve acceleration to ejection time ratio (AT/ET) was measured to further stratify patients with PPM and considered abnormal if &gt;0.35. Student’s t-tests were used to compare diastolic function at baseline and 1-year. Results: We found that 26.2% of subjects had moderate PPM, 11.8% had severe PPM, and 8.3% had an AT/ET &gt;0.35 (Table 1). Tissue velocity at both the medial and lateral mitral annulus was reduced at baseline and did not improve. Left atrial pressure (LAP) as assessed by E/e` improved in those without PPM (19.5+9.5 to 18.8+9.6, p=0.04) and those with moderate PPM (21+12.2 to 18.2+6.9, p=0.03), but not in those with severe PPM or with AT/ET&gt;0.35. Right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) decreased significantly in patients with no or moderate PPM (39.6+13.6 mmHg to 35.5+10.8 mmHg, p=0.02 and 41.2+13.9 mmHg to 36+10.8 mmHg, p=0.006; respectively), while there was no significant decrease for patients with severe PPM or with AT/ET&gt;0.35. Conclusion: We found that in patients undergoing TAVR, diastolic function was impaired as evidenced by low mitral tissue velocities, elevated LAP, and elevated RVSP. PPM resulted in less improvement of diastolic parameters including no improvement in LAP and RVSP. These findings suggest that severe PPM has an adverse effect on cardiac remodeling.
Abstract 14474: Impact of Weight Change Following Cessation of Smoking on the Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease: A 30-Year Follow-Up for a Japanese Cohort
Authors: Ikuno Takahashi, Michiko Yamada, Yoshimi Tatsukawa, Keiko Ueda, Ayumi Hida, Masayasu Matsumoto, Waka Ohishi
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Concerns about weight gain after smoking cessation sometimes deter smokers from quitting. Purpose: The aim of this study is to clarify the impacts of weight changes after quitting smoki...
Association of preoperative infections, nasal <scp><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i></scp> colonization and gut microbiota with left ventricular assist device outcomes
Authors: Melana Yuzefpolskaya, Heidi S. Lumish, Azka Javaid, Barbara Cagliostro, Giulio M. Mondellini, Bruno Bohn, Austin Sweat, Duygu Onat, Lorenzo Braghieri, Koji Takeda, Yoshifumi Naka, Gabriel T. Sayer, Nir Uriel, Justin G. Aaron, Emmanuel Montassier, Ryan T. Demmer, Paolo C. Colombo
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2021)
50P Early breast cancer in women aged 35 years or younger: A French population-based case control-matched analysis
Authors: O. Dufour, G. Houvenaeghel, J-M. Classe, M. Cohen, C. Faure, C. Mazouni, M-P. Chauvet, E. Jouve, E. Darai, A-S. Azuar, P. Guimbergues, A. Gonçalves, A. De Nonneville
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
Abstract 17325: Obesity, Blood Pressure, and Diurnal Variation in Natriuretic Peptides: A Clinical Trial
Authors: Vibhu Parcha, Nirav Patel, Orlando M GUTIERREZ, Peng Li, Kiran Musunuru, Kenneth B Margulies, Thomas P Cappola, Thomas J Wang, Garima Arora, Pankaj Arora
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Background: Obese individuals have disturbed blood pressure (BP) rhythmicity and relative natriuretic peptide (NP) deficiency. The relationship of diurnal variation in NP levels and 24h BP rhythm is not known. Furthermore, mechanisms behind difference in circulating NPs in healthy obese and lean individuals has not been explored. We conducted a prospective clinical trial to evaluate 1) the diurnal rhythmicity of NPs and its relationship with 24-hour BP rhythm between healthy lean and obese individuals, and 2) elucidate mechanism behind NP deficiency in obese. Methods: Healthy, normotensive, lean (BMI:18.5-25 kg/m 2 ) and obese (BMI:30-45 kg/m 2 ) individuals aged 18-40 years, underwent 24-hour standardized inpatient protocol involving ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM), controlled light intensity, and 10 blood draws, following 5-days of standardized diet. NP gene expression was evaluated in a cohort of 37 healthy donor heart tissues obtained from the MAGNet repository. Results: Among 52 participants screened, a total of 40 participants (18 lean; 22 obese) were enrolled. Diurnal variation in MRproANP levels was seen in both lean and obese individuals (p for rhythmicity=0.001). The mesor of the NP rhythm was 15% (8.5-21.6%) lower in obese. The diurnal variation in MRproANP was in antiphase with diurnal variation of systolic BP (p&lt;0.001) ( Figure ). Obese participants had lower 24h renin levels (p=0.06) and higher nocturnal sodium excretion (p=0.08). Among obese, there was lower expression of NP production genes ( NPPA, NPPB) (p&lt;0.05) , and higher expression of clearance gene ( NPR3 ) (p&lt;0.001) in heart tissue. Conclusions: In a mechanistic human trial, we elucidate key neurohormonal differences in rhythm and evidence of poor salt handling in obese. Decreased production and increased clearance may contribute to the NP deficiency in obese. Targeting the diurnal NP-BP rhythm axis may reduce the cardiovascular risk burden, specifically in obese individuals.
Abstract 16569: Psychosocial Risk Factors for Depression in Women With Myocardial Infarction: Mindfulness and Rumination
Authors: Sarah H Sperber, Zoe T Duberstein, Jolaade Kalinowski, Harmony R Reynolds, Jeffrey S Berger, Tanya M Spruill
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Depression is associated with adverse health outcomes in women with myocardial infarction (MI). Little is known about modifiable psychosocial risk factors for depression in this population. We analyzed baseline data from an ongoing multicenter clinical trial to test the hypothesis that depressive symptom severity is associated with low mindfulness and high rumination, two psychosocial factors targeted by the mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) program being tested. Methods: Women with MI reporting elevated stress levels ≥2 months post-MI are eligible for the trial. Participants complete baseline measures including demographics, medical history and validated measures of depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9]), mindfulness (Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire [FFMQ]), rumination (Rumination-Reflection Questionnaire [RRQ]) and disease-specific quality of life (Seattle Angina Questionnaire [SAQ-7]). Pearson correlation coefficients and multivariable linear regression were used to identify correlates of baseline depressive symptoms. Results: The 127 participants had a mean age of 60.0 years (SD=12.8); 33.1% were racial or ethnic minorities and 16.5% were participating in cardiac rehabilitation. The mean PHQ-9 score was 7.5 (SD=4.7), 31.5% of participants had elevated depressive symptoms (PHQ-9≥10) and 23.6% were taking antidepressant medication. In univariate analyses, higher depressive symptoms were associated with higher rumination (r=.412, p&lt;.001) and lower mindfulness (r=-.370, p&lt;.001). In multivariable analysis, higher depressive symptoms were associated with higher rumination (B=.253, p=.005), financial strain (B=.180, p=.02), lower SAQ score (B=-.269, p=.001) and use of antidepressant medication (B=.283, p&lt;.001). Mindfulness, age, race/ethnicity, marital status and cardiac rehab were not associated. Conclusions: About one-third of women reported clinically significant depressive symptoms after acute recovery from MI. Higher depressive symptoms were independently associated with higher levels of rumination. Future analyses will test whether hypothesized effects of MBCT on depression in post-MI women are mediated by reductions in negative thought patterns.
Abstract 14789: Multimodality Imaging in Mycobacterium Chimaera Cardiovascular Infections
Authors: Nicholas Y Tan, Alex D Tarabochia, Omar M Abu Saleh, Courtney Bennett
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Mycobacterium Chimaera (MC) infections following cardiovascular surgery are challenging to diagnose given their insidious presentation. We therefore reviewed the various imaging modalities used to diagnose these infections at Mayo Clinic. Methods: Cases from 01/01/2010-06/01/2020 were identified using electronic medical records. Demographics and clinical history were collected. Imaging studies, including transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE), transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE), positron emission tomography / computed tomography (PET/CT), cardiac CT (CCT), and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) were reviewed. Results: A total of 7 patients (85.7% male) were found. 6 underwent aortic valve replacement and 1 received an aortic composite valve conduit. Surgical dates ranged from 01/2010-12/2018. Mean age at presentation was 63.3 years. Mean time from surgery to symptom onset was 28.0 months. All patients underwent TTE and TEE; prosthetic valve endocarditis was identified in 6 cases between both, while CMR established the diagnosis in 1 case. TTE showed prosthetic valve obstruction in 2 cases and an anterior pseudoaneurysm in 1 case. TEE findings included thickened prosthesis and/or vegetations (n=5), thickened posterior root (n=4), and root abscess (n=3). Among the 3 patients who underwent PET/CT, 2 demonstrated increased fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake around the aortic prosthesis; in addition, 1 had elevated FDG uptake in the myocardium suggesting myocarditis. 1 patient did not have aortic prosthesis FDG uptake. In the 2 patients who had CCT, 1 showed a pseudoaneurysm that prompted suspicion for endocarditis, and the other revealed a fluid collection adjacent to the aortic valve conduit. 2 patients underwent CMR; 1 had aortic prosthesis thickening and patchy areas of myocardial delayed enhancement suspicious for myocarditis, whereas the other showed vegetation and an aortic root abscess. Conclusion: TTE plus TEE successfully identified MC prosthetic valve endocarditis in most cases with TEE having higher specificity. Advanced imaging techniques are helpful to support the diagnosis and assess for myocardial and/or aortic involvement. Combining these modalities is therefore crucial in unveiling this elusive organism.
Abstract 16514: Impact of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease on Outcomes in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: An Analysis of PARAGON-HF
Authors: Leanne Mooney, Pardeep S Jhund, Inder S Anand, Akshay S Desai, Aldo P Maggioni, Jean L Rouleau, Karl B Swedberg, Dirk J Van Veldhuisen, Michael R Zile, Scott Solomon, John J McMurray
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Background: Little is known about the prognostic significance of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Purpose: To evaluate the association between COPD and outcomes in the Prospective Comparison of ARNI and ARB Global Outcomes in HFpEF trial (PARAGON-HF). Methods: We assessed the relationship between the presence of COPD and the composite of time to first heart failure hospitalization or CV death, components of that composite, and all-cause death in PARAGON-HF using Cox proportional hazard models. Outcomes were adjusted for other prognostic variables including age, sex, comorbidities, LVEF, NT-proBNP and NYHA class. Results: Among 4791 participants, 670 patients (14%) had COPD. Patients with COPD were older, less likely to be female, had a worse functional class, lower LVEF, higher creatinine and markers of systemic inflammation, including neutrophil count and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio. Compared to patients without COPD, those with COPD had a lower baseline KCCQ-CSS and were more likely to experience a clinically significant decrease in KCCQ-CSS during follow-up. COPD was associated with higher adjusted risks of the composite outcome (hazard ratio 1.50, 95%CI 1.29-1.75), heart failure hospitalization (1.54, 1.30-1.83), CV death (1.42, 1.10-1.82) and all-cause death (1.52, 1.25-1.84), all p&lt;0.01. In comparison to the other common comorbidities, COPD was associated with the highest risk of all-cause mortality (Figure). Conclusion: In HFpEF, patients with COPD have worse functional class, quality of life and outcomes than those without COPD, and COPD is associated with a higher risk of death than other comorbidities
Resource profile and user guide of the Polygenic Index Repository
Authors: Joel Becker, Casper A. P. Burik, Grant Goldman, Nancy Wang, Hariharan Jayashankar, Michael Bennett, Daniel W. Belsky, Richard Karlsson Linnér, Rafael Ahlskog, Aaron Kleinman, David A. Hinds, Michelle Agee, Babak Alipanahi, Adam Auton, Robert K. Bell, Katarzyna Bryc, Sarah L. Elson, Pierre Fontanillas, Nicholas A. Furlotte, Karen E. Huber, Nadia K. Litterman, Jennifer C. McCreight, Matthew H. McIntyre, Joanna L. Mountain, Carrie A. M. Northover, Steven J. Pitts, J. Fah Sathirapongsasuti, Olga V. Sazonova, Janie F. Shelton, Suyash Shringarpure, Chao Tian, Joyce Y. Tung, Vladimir Vacic, Catherine H. Wilson, Avshalom Caspi, David L. Corcoran, Terrie E. Moffitt, Richie Poulton, Karen Sugden, Benjamin S. Williams, Kathleen Mullan Harris, Andrew Steptoe, Olesya Ajnakina, Lili Milani, Tõnu Esko, William G. Iacono, Matt McGue, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Travis T. Mallard, K. Paige Harden, Elliot M. Tucker-Drob, Pamela Herd, Jeremy Freese, Alexander Young, Jonathan P. Beauchamp, Philipp D. Koellinger, Sven Oskarsson, Magnus Johannesson, Peter M. Visscher, Michelle N. Meyer, David Laibson, David Cesarini, Daniel J. Benjamin, Patrick Turley, Aysu Okbay
Journal: Nature Human Behaviour (2021)
ALCOHOL’S BENEFICIAL EFFECT ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IS PARTIALLY MEDIATED THROUGH MODULATION OF STRESS-ASSOCIATED BRAIN ACTIVITY
Authors: Kenechukwu Mezue, Taimur Abbasi, Azar Radfar, Hadil Zureigat, Shady Abohashem, Lisa Shin, Roger Pitman, Michael Osborne, Ahmed Tawakol
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Abstract 16544: Small Rna-sequencing Analysis of Circulating Proinflammatory Microrna Following Murine Myocardial Ischemia/reperfusion Injury
Authors: Yang Yang, Sheng Wang, Andrew Suen, Briana K Shimada, Lin Zou, Wei Chao
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Transient myocardial ischemic/reperfusion injury (I/R) leads to cellular RNA release into extracellular (ex) space. Ex-RNAs and certain uridine-rich miRNAs activate innate immune response via TLR7-MyD88 pathway. Systemic administration of RNase reduces myocardial inflammation and infarct size after I/R, suggesting a pivotal role of ex-RNA in I/R injury. However, the nature of plasma RNAs and their biological functions in inflammation are not well understood. Hypothesis: Multiple plasma miRNAs are elevated in response to myocardial I/R injury and some are proinflammatory. Methods: Myocardial I/R injury was created in C57BL/6 mice by thoracotomy and 45 min of left anterior descending (LAD) ligation followed by 4 h of reperfusion. Sham mice underwent same procedure without LAD ligation. Plasma RNA was extracted using Trizol LS with Cel-miR-39 as spiked-in and quantified by RNA Quant-it kits. The plasma RNA was used to create cDNA libraries for small RNA sequencing (Norgen, Canada). Three abundant miRNAs that were differentially expressed between sham and I/R groups were tested for their proinflammatory effect. Results: Myocardial I/R led to a marked increase in plasma troponin (392.1±324.6 vs. 17.9±9.9ng/ml, P&lt;0.05) and RNA levels (163±129 vs. 81±40 ng/ml) as compared with sham mice ( Fig. A ). Plasma RNA-Seq revealed miRNA was the predominate biotype constituting of 85.7% and 79.2% of plasma RNA in sham and I/R mice, respectively ( Fig. B ). We validated three miRNA expressions using qRT-PCR and found miR191-5p, miR125a-5p, and miR125b-5p were substantially increased ( Fig. C ). When incubated with macrophage cultures, miR125a-5p and miR-125b-5p, but not miR-191-5p, induced a dose-dependent response in CXCL-2 and IL-6 productions ( Fig. D ). Conclusions: Myocardial I/R injury results in an increase in multiple miRNAs in plasma. miR125a-5p and miR125b-5p, but not miR-191-5p, are pro-inflammatory in macrophages.
The current performance of biodegradable magnesium-based implants in magnetic resonance imaging: A review
Authors: Jonathan Espiritu, Martin Meier, Jan-Marten Seitz
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)

Magnesium-based implants are re-emerging as a substantial amendment to standard orthopaedic implants. A brief introduction of magnesium (Mg) as a biodegradable material and basic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) principles are discussed. This review aims to highlight the current performance of these implants during examinations with MRI. We also aim to summarise comparisons between Mg-based implants with current standards to emphasise the promotion of biodegradable implants in clinical practice. A comprehensive search of current literature on Mg-based implants and the utilisation of MRI in the studies was performed. Additionally, recorded artefact behaviour of Mg-based implants during MRI was investigated. A total of nine studies were included in which MRI was employed to image Mg-based implants. Of those studies, four of the nine discuss artefact production caused by the implants. MRI successfully imaged regions of interest over all and produced fewer artefacts than other materials used in the studies. MRI was employed in contrast angiography, bone growth observation, bone infection healing, and blood perfusion. Imaging capabilities of an implant material are vital to translating products into clinical application. Positive findings presented in this review suggest and support the use of Mg-based implants due to their successful visual compatibility with MRI techniques.
PF4 Immunoassays in Vaccine-Induced Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Caroline Vayne, Jérôme Rollin, Yves Gruel, Claire Pouplard, Hubert Galinat, Olivier Huet, Vincent Mémier, Thomas Geeraerts, Raphael Marlu, Gilles Pernod, Guillaume Mourey, Alexandra Fournel, Charlotte Cordonnier, Sophie Susen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

Laboratory Method to Detect VITT The rare vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia that may follow adenovirus-based Covid-19 vaccination resembles heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, but ra...