tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The changing landscape of treatment and survival for men with castration-resistant prostate cancer in the era of novel treatments.
Authors: Megan Veresh Caram, Kyle Kumbier, Phoebe A. Tsao, Jennifer A. Burns, Jordan Sparks, Jordan Bauman, Kristian Stensland, Brent K. Hollenbeck, Vahakn B. Shahinian, Ted A. Skolarus
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

67 Background: Several therapies for men with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) have become available since 2010 with the hope of prolonging survival for those at the end stages of their disease. Little is known about the survival of men who receive novel therapies in the real world and the disease burden of patients initiating treatment for CRPC between 2010 and 2017. Methods: Using the Veterans Health Affairs Corporate Data Warehouse, we identified Veterans with CRPC who received first-line therapy for castration-resistant disease between 2010-2017. Therapies included ketoconazole, docetaxel, abiraterone, and enzalutamide since &gt; 99% of patients treated for CRPC received one of these therapies first-line for CRPC. We used a Cox model to calculate the overall survival of patients from time of first CRPC treatment for each year. We then adjusted for patient and disease characteristics, such as starting PSA level, and prognostic group at the start of treatment based on hemoglobin, alkaline phosphatase, and albumin levels. Results: In a cohort of 4,998 men started on treatment for CRPC between 2010-2017, survival from start of first-line treatment gradually increased between 2010-2017. In 2010, when 38% of men received docetaxel first-line and 62% ketoconazole, the probability of surviving at least one year from start of first-line therapy was 64%. In 2017, when the landscape of first-line treatment had changed (49% abiraterone, 9% docetaxel, 41% enzalutamide, 1% ketoconazole) one-year survival from start of first therapy improved to 72%. The unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) for an additional calendar year was 0.93 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.91-0.95). Men started on first-line CRPC therapy in 2010 had worse prognostic labs at the start of therapy, suggesting worse disease, and had a higher PSA value at the start of therapy compared to those started on CRPC therapy in 2017 (median PSA 55.1 in 2010 vs 27.8 in 2017, p-value &lt; 0.01). When adjusting for disease characteristics, the improvement in survival we saw between 2010 and 2017 was diminished with adjusted HR for an additional calendar year of 0.97 (95% CI, 0.94-1.00). Conclusions: With the development of novel therapies, the survival of patients with similar disease burden should gradually improve over time. Although we did see a modest improvement in survival between 2010-2017, this improvement was mitigated when adjusting for disease severity, suggesting that some of the improvement in survival may be affected by a lead-time bias—treating patients earlier in their CRPC.
Systematic literature review (SLR) and network meta-analysis (NMA) of first-line therapies (1L) for locally advanced/metastatic urothelial carcinoma (la/mUC).
Authors: Lisa Bloudek, Zsolt Hepp, Caroline McKay, Christina Louise Derleth, Jennifer Susan LIll, Enrique Lenero, Phoebe Wright, Scott David Ramsey, Sean D. Sullivan, Beth Devine
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

570 Background: Standard of care (SOC) for 1L la/mUC is gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GC) or carboplatin (GCa), but the landscape is evolving with new therapies emerging. To compare outcomes of other approved/investigational 1L regimens with SOC in the context of recently published data on newer therapies, we updated a previously reported SLR/NMA of phase 2/3 randomized control trials. Methods: The SLR was conducted in line with PRISMA and NICE guidelines (01/2000-05/2020; updated 06/2020-06/2021). Three networks were formed: cisplatin (cis)-eligible/mixed eligibility; cis-ineligible (strict; studies including cis-ineligible patients only); and cis-ineligible (wide; expanded to also include study arms with an investigator’s choice of carboplatin in KEYNOTE-361, IMvigor130, and DANUBE). Comparative efficacy and safety were assessed under a Bayesian framework. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) with 1L la/mUC regimens vs SOC (GC/GCa) are reported. Results: Among 2,312 citations identified, 55 unique trials were selected for data extraction. Of these, the NMA included 11 studies in the cis-eligible/mixed, 6 in the cis-ineligible (strict), and 8 in the cis-ineligible (wide) network. The NMA excluded therapies that were not effective or adopted in clinical practice; 6 maintenance trials were excluded due to differences in design precluding comparisons. Median OS in the SOC arms was 13.2 mo (95% confidence interval [CI] 12.4-14.0) for cis-eligible/mixed, 9.7 mo (95% CI 6.7-12.8) for cis-ineligible (strict), and 12.0 mo (95% CI 10.4-13.5) for cis-ineligible (wide); median PFS was 6.6 mo (95% CI 6.3-6.9) for cis-eligible/mixed and 5.6 mo (95% CI 5.0-6.3) for both cis-ineligible strict and wide. OS and PFS were similar to SOC across therapies in each network: hazard ratios (HR) ranged 0.7-1.4 for OS for cis-eligible/mixed, 0.9-1.4 for cis-ineligible (strict), and 0.8-1.4 for cis-ineligible (wide) (Table); HR for PFS ranged 0.5-1.6 for cis-eligible/mixed and 0.8-1.1 for both cis-ineligible strict and wide networks; all credible intervals (CrI) crossed or were close to 1. Conclusions: In this updated SLR/NMA, survival outcomes were similar and remained poor among established and emerging 1L la/mUC therapies, despite inclusion of recent trial data. This further highlights the unmet need in this population.[Table: see text]
Wrong Number
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Lingual Thyroid
Authors: K. Sicher
Journal: BMJ (1953)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Cholecystectomy is one of the most common general surgical operations performed. Despite level one evidence supporting the role of cholecystectomy in the management of specific gallbladder diseases, practice varies between surgeons and hospitals. It is unknown whether these variations account for the differences in surgical outcomes seen in population-level retrospective data sets. This study aims to investigate surgical outcomes following acute, elective and delayed cholecystectomies in a multicentre, contemporary, prospective, population-based cohort. <h3>Methods and analysis</h3> UK and Irish hospitals performing cholecystectomies will be recruited utilising trainee-led research collaboratives. Two months of consecutive, adult patient data will be included. The primary outcome measure of all-cause 30-day readmission rate will be used in this study. Thirty-day complication rates, bile leak rate, common bile duct injury, conversion to open surgery, duration of surgery and length of stay will be measured as secondary outcomes. Prospective data on over 8000 procedures is anticipated. Individual hospitals will be surveyed to determine local policies and service provision. Variations in outcomes will be investigated using regression modelling to adjust for confounders. <h3>Ethics and dissemination</h3> Research ethics approval is not required for this study and has been confirmed by the online National Research Ethics Service (NRES) decision tool. This novel study will investigate how hospital-level surgical provision can affect patient outcomes, using a cross-sectional methodology. The results are essential to inform commissioning groups and implement changes within the National Health Service (NHS). Dissemination of the study protocol is primarily through the trainee-led research collaboratives and the Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons (AUGIS). Individual centres will have access to their own results and the collective results of the study will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant surgical conferences.
THE SANATORIUM TREATMENT OF PHTHISIS: IS IT WORTH WHILE?
Journal: BMJ (1905)

J2U.U S J°sL]I efficacious," lowering temperature and modifying intracranial circulation.It is recommended to be kept applied till the temperature remains subnormal for some time.In the BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL of April i5th, I899, Professor Lindsay reported the recovery of a case of probable tuber- culous meningitis in which the main treatment was continuous application of cold to the head.Although continuous cold was obtained by using Leiter's tubes (and not an icebag), I refer to the case to illustrate the value of cold in the treatment of meningitis which may be almost doubtless tuberculous.
Noninvasive estimation of left ventricular filling pressure by E/e': A powerful predictor of survival following acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Graham S. Hillis, Jacob E. Møller, Patricia A. Pellikka, Guy S. Reeder, Bernard J. Gersh, Steve R. Ommen, Jae K. Oh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Cases from Private Practice
Authors: J. R. Wardell
Journal: BMJ (1848)

EXHUMATION IN SUSPECTED POISONING.569 vnembrane as a continuation of the skin.It is a disease, as its name implies, intimately connected with the scrofulous constitution, the external marks of which every medical man is acquainted with.The fair complexion, the thiu integument, thc distinctness with which the ramifications of the cutaneous veins are seen, the short and thickened upper lip, the red or sandy hair, are some of the most prominent features of this state of constitution.Scrofulous ophthalmia is most prevalent from the time of weaning to about the age of eight.There is usually
From the Congressional Office of Technology Assessment
Authors: M. Hewitt
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Antidepressant Drugs
Authors: C. A. H. Watts
Journal: BMJ (1964)

MEDIBCLJOURNALto Clostridium welchii infection complicating induction of labour, in the presence of a dead foetus, with hypertonic glucose.We wish to report a similar case.Mrs. A. B. aged 41, gravida 12, 35 weeks pregnant, was admitted to the National Maternity Hospital because of intrauterine death of the foetus of some days' duration.Death appeared to be due to pre-eclamptic toxaemia superimposed on essential hypertension.Three days later 130 ml. of liquor amnii were replaced by 200 ml. of 50% glucose solution by transabdominal amniotomy.The patient suffered no discomfort until 16 hours later, when she was awakened by urgent respiratory distress.The clinical diagnosis was one of obvious pulmonary embolism.She died in seven hours.At post-mortem examination the uterus was found to be ballooned by gas.The heart and great veins contained frothy blood.The placenta presented a honeycombed appearance consistent with the presence of multiple bubbles of gas.Cl. welchie was recovered from the amniotic fluid.A method of treatment which introduces 100 g. of glucose into a body cavity occupied by a corpse produces an environment highly favourable to the explosive proliferation of saccharolytic organisms, and the consequent production of large quantities of gas.We report this tragedy as a matter of urgency so that it may be seen that this method of inducing labour is fraught with grave danger.
Sacrococcygeal chordoma.
Authors: G. Harto-Garofalidis, G. Kambouroglu, E. G. Fragiadakis
Journal: BMJ (1969)

MEDICALJUALnot refer to the diet in their Egyptian sub- jects, nor to the nature of the stools that reflects this diet.Personal statements about regularity, etc., are unreliable, for the stools may be passed always one or two days late, but the diameter of the formed stool is of great value.In our African subjects, who are virtually free from varicose veins, the stools are characteristically narrow in diameter, with transit times about two days less than in people on a Westernized diet2 (and the squatting position in these Africans could not be implicated, because there is no straining, whatever the position adopted-the stools in fact being passed twice daily).The carbohydrates consumed in lower Egypt include much unrefined maize, but also refined rice, whereas in northern Egypt the diet is based on unrefined millet and (in the Bedouin) unrefined barley.If these northern Egyptians were studied, still living on their traditional foods, I am confident that the incidence of varicose veins would be found still lower-in fact probably zero.-I am, etc.,
Surveillance for Nonfatal Occupational Injuries Treated in Hospital Emergency Departments--United States, 1996
Journal: JAMA (1998)

CDC's National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) uses the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) for surveillance of nonfatal occupational injuries treated in hospital emergency departments (EDs). This report, based on 1996 NEISS data, is the first since 1983 to provide updated national estimates of the magnitude and risk for nonfatal occupational injuries treated in EDs; the findings indicate that the workers at highest risk are young and male.
Diabetic Coma
Authors: R. H. Micks
Journal: BMJ (1948)

hyaline degeneration is present in these cases-as is probable -it would seem that this degenerative change is not due to the diabetes itself but to associated vascular lesions.In any case we are of the opinion that widespread arterial degeneration can produce the whole clinical picture within a short space of time.With regard to Group 2, where incidental oedematous nephritis occurred in diabetes, the differential diagnosis is practically impossible during life.The clinical picture is the same, with the exception of occurrence earlier in life and perhaps the absence of retinal haemorrhage.Prognosis.-Theonset of albuminuria, apart from that associated with a precomatose state in diabetic patients, is usually of serious import and must be taken as a warning of impending renal complications.When retinitis and oedema occur the outlook is bad, and within two years death usually supervenes from uraemia, cardiac failure, or a combination of both.It is doubtful whether, in the present state of knowledge, any steps can be taken to defer these changes or to deal effectively with them when they occur. SummaryTwenty-four cases of renal failure occurring in diabetic patients are described.Classification shows four groups, including those associated with the Kimmelstiel-Wilson lesion.Pathological details and photomicrographs illustrate the paper.We are indebted to Mr. Norman Mowat for preparing the com- posite photomicrographs and to Mr.
When Physicians Spread Unscientific Information About COVID-19
Authors: Rita Rubin
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Roy H. Perlis, MD, MSc; Katherine Ognyanova, PhD; Mauricio Santillana, PhD; Jennifer Lin, BA; James Druckman, PhD; David Lazer, PhD; Jon Green, PhD; Matthew Simonson, PhD; Matthew A. Baum, PhD; John Della Volpe, BA
Address in Surgery
Authors: J. Wood
Journal: BMJ (1873)

And now, gentlemen, I have passed in review, far too briefly, the points which appear to me most interesting wvhen the eye glances back over the varied, smooth and rugged, lighbt and dark, fertile and sterile regions whichi a man passes over as time carries him, but too quickly, from youtlh to age.To me the retrospect is cheering; it has given me fresh hope for the continuied advance of our knowledge and for the pro.gressive usefulness of our profession.I feel, as I have lightly passed ,over the records of the profession's work and gains in the last forty years, that we have played no uinworthy part in the great drama, and that among the restless activity of modern times and the marvel- lous growth of newly born sciences, an old art has not stood still, but with ever increasing power is still, as it has always been, the Friend of Alan, and a very present lielp in time of need.
Validation Status of Blood Pressure Measuring Devices Sold Globally
Authors: Dean S. Picone, Norm R. C. Campbell, Aletta E. Schutte, Michael Hecht Olsen, Pedro Ordunez, Paul K. Whelton, James E. Sharman
Journal: JAMA (2022)

This study uses data from the publicly available Medaval database to determine the number of upper arm cuff and wrist cuff blood pressure measuring devices sold globally as well as the percentages of those devices that have been clinically validated for accuracy.
Instructions to Authors
Authors: Jennings Rb, Katz Am
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2002)

Cardiovascular Research is the International Basic Science Journal of the regular paper, but add (Abstract) at end.If the bibliography contains more European Society of Cardiology.The Journal is concerned with both than six authors, et al. should be added following the third author.basic and clinical research in the field of cardiovascular physiology and (10) Figures / Tables.Figures should be original laser prints or very pathophysiology.The Journal welcomes submission of papers both at the sharp, well-contrasting prints on glossy paper, suitable for immediate molecular, subcellular, cellular, organ and organism level and of clinically reproduction.Half-tone figures should be in black-and-white, very sharp, oriented papers offering insight into (patho)physiological mechanisms.well-contrasting, and on glossy paper.Any lettering in the figures should Manuscripts may be submitted as Regular Papers or as Letters to the be large enough to stand photographic reduction.Contributors should Editor.Moreover the Journal publishes Reviews and Editorials.Manu-prepare their figures for either one column width (84 mm) or the entire scripts are normally evaluated by three members from an international page width (175 mm).The maximum height is 240
Dual-tracer PET/CT-targeted, mpMRI-targeted, systematic biopsy, and combined biopsy for the diagnosis of prostate cancer.
Authors: Dongxu Qiu, Jian Li, Jinwei Zhang, Minfeng Chen, Xiaomei Gao, Yongxiang Tang, Ye Zhang, Xiaoping Yi, Hongling Yin, Yu Gan, Guilin Wang, Xiongbing Zu, Shuo Hu, Yi Cai
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

34 Background: Growing evidence proved the efficacy of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT)-guided targeted biopsy (TB) in prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis, but there is no direct comparison between mpMRI-TB and PSMA PET/CT-TB. Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) highly expressed in PCa, which can compensate for the unstable expression of PSMA in PCa. Therefore, we designed a study to compare the efficiency of mpMRI-TB, dual-Tracer (GRPR and PSMA) PET/CT-TB, systematic biopsy, and combined biopsy for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Methods: 112 suspicious PCa patients were enrolled from September 2020 and June 2021 in this prospective and comparative effectiveness study. Patients with positive dual-tracer PET/CT or mpMRI results underwent TB and all enrolled patients underwent SB after TB. The primary outcome was the detection rates of PCa in different biopsy strategies. Secondary outcomes were the performance of three imaging methods, omission diagnostic rates, and upgrading and downgrading of biopsy samples relative to those of prostatectomy specimens in different biopsy strategies. Results: In 112 men, clinically significant PCa (grade group≥2) accounted for 34.82% (39/112) and nonclinically significant PCa (grade group = 1) accounted for 4.46% (5/112). 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT-TB achieved higher PCa detection rate (69.77%) and positive ratio of biopsy cores (0.44) compared with SB (39.29% and 0.12) and mpMRI-TB (36.14% and 0.23), respectively (P &lt; 0.005). Dual-tracer PET/CT as a triage test avoided 52.67% (59/112) unnecessary biopsy, whereas dual-tracer PET/CT-TB plus SB achieved high detection rate (77.36%) without misdiagnosis of csPCa. Conclusions: Dual-tracer PET/CT could screen patients for avoiding unnecessary biopsy. Dual-tracer PET/CT-TB plus SB might be a more effective and promising strategy for definite diagnosis of clinically significant PCa than mpMRI-TB.
Liver zonation, revisited
Authors: Jasmin Paris, Neil C. Henderson
Journal: Hepatology (2022)

Abstract The concept of hepatocyte functional zonation is well established, with differences in metabolism and xenobiotic processing determined by multiple factors including oxygen and nutrient levels across the hepatic lobule. However, recent advances in single‐cell genomics technologies, including single‐cell and nuclei RNA sequencing, and the rapidly evolving fields of spatial transcriptomic and proteomic profiling have greatly increased our understanding of liver zonation. Here we discuss how these transformative experimental strategies are being leveraged to dissect liver zonation at unprecedented resolution and how this new information should facilitate the emergence of novel precision medicine‐based therapies for patients with liver disease.