tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acute Kidney Injury With Buffered Crystalloids vs Saline Among ICU Patients
Authors: Alexandre B. Cavalcanti, Lucas P. Damiani, Fernando A. Bozza
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Dynamic vagal control of pacemaker activity in the mammalian sinoatrial node.
Authors: JJalife, V ASlenter, J JSalata, D CMichaels
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

Dynamic heart rate control by parasympathetic nervous input involves feedback mechanisms and reflex bursting of efferent cardiac vagal fibers. Periodic vagal bursting induces phasic changes in sinoatrial cycle length and can entrain the pacemaker to beat at periods that may be identical to those of the vagal burst. We investigated the electrophysiological basis of these phenomena in isolated sinus node preparations (rabbit, cat, and sheep). In the presence of propranolol (3.9 X 10(-6)M), relatively brief (50-150 msec) trains of stimuli, applied onto the endocardial surface of the preparation, activated postganglionic vagal terminals and induced a brief hyperpolarization of sinoatrial pacemaker cells. This vagally mediated hyperpolarization could alter the pacemaker rhythm by an amount that depended on its duration and its position in the cycle, as well as on the duration of the free-running pacemaker period. When the free-running period was sufficiently long and the hyperpolarization was induced sufficien...
Prognostic importance of serum sodium concentration and its modification by converting-enzyme inhibition in patients with severe chronic heart failure.
Authors: W HLee, MPacker
Journal: Circulation (1986)

Although past reports have identified a variety of prognostic factors in patients with severe chronic heart failure, previous studies have not evaluated the interaction of prognostic variables and drug treatment. We analyzed the association of 30 clinical, hemodynamic, and biochemical variables with survival in 203 consecutive patients with severe heart failure; all variables were assessed just before initiation of treatment with a variety of vasodilator drugs, and all patients were subsequently followed for 6 to 94 months. By regression analysis, pretreatment serum sodium concentration was the most powerful predictor of cardiovascular mortality, with hyponatremic patients having a substantially shorter median survival than did patients with a normal serum sodium concentration (164 vs 373 days, p = .006). The unfavorable prognosis for hyponatremic patients appeared to be related to the marked elevation of plasma renin activity that we noted in these individuals (10.0 +/- 2.0 ng/ml/hr), since hyponatremic ...
Termination of ventricular tachycardia by carotid sinus massage.
Authors: D SHess, THanlon, MScheinman, RBudge, JDesai
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Intracardiac electrophysiologic studies were performed in two patients who had recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia. In both, the tachycardia was repeatedly terminated by carotid massage. In one patient, intracardiac electrophysiologic studies revealed ventricular tachycardia with 2:1 retrograde ventriculoatrial (VA) block. Carotid massage resulted in alternate Wenckebach retrograde VA conduction terminated by ventricular echo beats. When ventricular echo beats occurred at a coupling interval of 340 - 400 msec, the tachycardia was terminated. Similarly, induced atrial depolarizations (during ventricular tachycardia) produced ventricular capture and terminated the tachycardia when the resultant ventricular coupling interval was 330 - 395 msec. In the second patient, progressively premature atrial or ventricular depolarizations did not terminate the tachycardia. carotid massage had no consistent effect on retrograde VA conduction during ventricular tachycardia, but usually resulted in gradual increas...
Calcium currents are altered in the vascular muscle cell membrane of spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Authors: N JRusch, KHermsmeyer
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

Calcium currents were recorded during whole-cell voltage clamp in cultured azygos venous muscle cells from 1-3-day-old normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Different holding potentials were used to separate total cell current into its transient (T) and sustained or long-lasting (L) components. In recordings from 30 WKY and 30 SHR vascular cells, total cell calcium current was the same between cells from normotensive (167 +/- 20 pA) and hypertensive (139 +/- 15 pA) rats. However, the relative proportion of T and L calcium currents was different between WKY and SHR cells. In WKY cells, the peak amplitude of the L current was less than that of the T current (42 +/- 30% of total current), whereas in SHR cells, the L current was greater (62 +/- 3% of total current). Calcium currents in vascular muscle cells from SHR were activated and inactivated at more positive potentials than in cells from WKY. This study directly compares transmembrane calcium current in isolated ...
Covid-19: Italy makes vaccination mandatory for healthcare workers
Authors: Marta Paterlini
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Italy has become the first country in Europe to make vaccination against covid-19 mandatory for healthcare workers, as its government approved an emergency decree on 1 April to contain a third wave of the disease. Health professionals who refuse to have the vaccine will have the option to be transferred to duties that do not risk spreading the virus or to be suspended without pay for as much as a year.

Italy is one of the European countries to have been hit hardest by covid-19, with over 3.5 million cases and 108 839 (3%) deaths.1 Several …
Are right and left ventricular ejection fractions equal? Ejection fractions in normal subjects and in patients with first acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: JMarving, P FHøilund-Carlsen, BChraemmer-Jørgensen, NGadsbøll
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Right and left ventricular ejection fractions (RVEF and LVEF) were determined by radionuclide imaging in 37 normal subjects and 37 patients by means of (1) the traditional way of calculating ejection fraction from first-pass time-activity curves of each ventricle generated from a single fixed ventricular region of interest, (2) dual first-pass time-activity curves generated from the end-diastolic and end-systolic regions, respectively, and (3) the multigated equilibrium method, also applying separate regions in end-diastole and end-systole for each ventricle. Values for RVEF measured by method 2 were significantly higher than values obtained by methods 1 and 3. In normal subjects, the values for RVEF measured by method 2 were equal to the values for LVEF determined by either this method or the equilibrium technique. Methods 1 and 3 had a tendency for underestimation of RVEF, probably because of inclusion of right atrial activity into the right ventricular region of interest. Methods 2 and 3 were applied t...
Hepatic hydrothorax in the management of cirrhosis
Authors: Karl Jackson, Richard Davidson, Avinash Aujayeb
Journal: Gut (2021)

We thank Aithal et al 1 for their recent guidelines on the management of ascites in cirrhosis. We lead a pleural service in the North East of England and frequently deal with hepatic hydrothoraces (HH). We believe that the guidelines will be significantly enhanced by mentioning some figures around HH and the management so that clinicians and patients are better informed.

HH is predominantly right-sided due to diaphragmatic defects, but up to 17.5% of effusions are left and 3% bilateral. Of patients 21%–26% develop refractory HH.2 As a first-line intervention, thoracocentesis has a low complication rate (pneumothorax 0.6%–6% and haemothorax 0%–2%). Shojaee et al 3 performed a case–control study of 82 patients with HH undergoing 274 thoracenteses and 100 control patients undergoing 188 thoracenteses. The complication rate was higher with repeat thoracocentesis in patients with HH (8% vs 0%, p=0.016, 95% CI …
Efficacy, safety, and genetic analysis of furmonertinib (AST2818) in patients with EGFR T790M mutated non-small-cell lung cancer: a phase 2b, multicentre, single-arm, open-label study
Authors: Yuankai Shi, Xingsheng Hu, Shucai Zhang, Dongqing Lv, Lin Wu, Qitao Yu, Yiping Zhang, Li Liu, Xiang Wang, Ying Cheng, Zhiyong Ma, Hongrui Niu, Dong Wang, Jifeng Feng, Cheng Huang, Chunling Liu, Hui Zhao, Jingzhang Li, Xiaodong Zhang, Yong Jiang, Chuan Gu
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2021)
Modulation of carotid sinus afferent input to nucleus tractus solitarius by parabrachial nucleus stimulation.
Authors: R BFelder, S WMifflin
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

There is increasing evidence that the parabrachial nucleus (PBN) may be integrally involved in cardiovascular reflex regulation. In cats in which anesthesia was induced with pentobarbital and maintained with alpha-chloralose, we studied the effects of PBN stimulation on cardiovascular afferent inputs to nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), the site of first central termination for cardiovascular afferent fibers. Electrical stimulation of PBN resulted in an initial excitation followed by prolonged inhibition of the spontaneous activity of NTS neurons activated by ipsilateral carotid sinus nerve (CSN) stimulation. In 53 units recorded extracellularly in and around NTS, the number of action potential responses to ipsilateral CSN stimulation was reduced 73 +/- 3% by a prior conditioning stimulus to PBN at an interval of 30-60 msec. CSN input to 10 units excited by selective baroreceptor stimulation was inhibited by the PBN conditioning stimulus, as were convergent inputs from contralateral CSN, vagus, and renal ...
Use of ATP-MgCl2 in the evaluation and treatment of children with pulmonary hypertension secondary to congenital heart defects.
Authors: M MBrook, J RFineman, A MBolinger, A FWong, M AHeymann, S JSoifer
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDPulmonary hypertension results in increased morbidity and mortality in children after surgical repair of congenital heart defects. Various vasodilators have been unsuccessful in providing preferential pulmonary vasodilation in these patients. Identification of a more preferential pulmonary vasodilator would improve the assessment, management, and outcome of these children. To determine whether ATP-MgCl2 is a preferential pulmonary vasodilator in children with pulmonary hypertension secondary to congenital heart defects, ATP-MgCl2 was administered during routine cardiac catheterization, and the effects were compared with tolazoline. In addition, ATP-MgCl2 was infused intravenously during episodes of postoperative pulmonary hypertension.METHODS AND RESULTSDuring cardiac catheterization in 28 children, the effect of ATP-MgCl2 on the pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance index (Rp) was compared with tolazoline. ATP-MgCl2 (0.1 mg of ATP per kilogram per minute) decreased m...
Catheter ablation of accessory pathways with a direct approach. Results in 35 patients.
Authors: J FWarin, MHaissaguerre, PLemetayer, J PGuillem, PBlanchot
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Thirty-five consecutive patients with an overt accessory pathway, all but two suffering from arrhythmia (atrial fibrillation, reciprocating tachycardia, or both), underwent attempted transcatheter ablation (fulguration) of their accessory pathway. Thirty-three patients had been treated with a mean of 2.3 +/- 1.4 antiarrhythmic drugs. A standard bipolar catheter was positioned on the internal surface of the right or left atrioventricular anulus with 1) a subclavian approach of the right cardiac cavities in 29 patients with right-sided accessory pathway (n = 27) or left posteroseptal accessory pathway (n = 2), 2) a patent foramen ovale in five patients (two with a left posterolateral accessory pathway and three with a left parietal accessory pathway), and a transseptal catheterism (one patient with a left parietal accessory pathway). Cathodic shocks (mean, 4.3 shocks/patient) with a mean cumulative energy of 690 J enabled the ablation (disappearance of both anterograde and retrograde conduction) of the acce...
From the authors
Authors: D. K. Kim, J. H. Lee
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2008)

cholesterol levels even below 1.0 mmol?L -1 , independently of the underlying nutritional state, and find that persistently severe hypocholesterolaemia is associated with poor outcome [3, 4].Perhaps a more severe underlying infection might help to explain, at least in part, the poor prognostic implications of hypocholesterolaemia in tuberculosis [1].It would be interesting to observe the correlation with the level of C-reactive protein.In sepsis, an unresolved issue is whether acute hypocholesterolaemia merely reflects severity of disease, or it actively contributes to poor outcome.The differences between tubercular infection and surgical sepsis do not allow generalisations, however the article by KIM et al.[1] also offers an interesting insight into this problem.Several hypotheses support the view that the low availability of cholesterol in sepsis may impair adequate synthesis of stress hormones, and the adequate synthesis and function of cells taking part in host defence [4].The latter also seems to be the case with tubercular infection [6, 7] and, interestingly, oral or parenteral cholesterol supplementation has been used or proposed in both conditions [6, 8].This aspect still deserves satisfactory assessment although, despite the apparent modernity of the issue, a 1920 article on pneumonia patients [9] was already observing that hypocholesterolaemia is a marker of the activity of infection and is associated with prognosis, white blood cells and pus have a high content of cholesterol and that cholesterol might be associated with anti-toxic properties.Of course, the importance of an adequate nutritional state in tubercular infection [1] remains fundamental, independently of the interpretation of the components of hypocholesterolaemia, and we congratulate again the authors of the KIM et al.
Prevalence of Missed Lesions in Patients with Inadequate Bowel Preparation Through a Very Early Repeat Colonoscopy
Authors: MA Pantaleón Sánchez, AZ Gimeno-García, B Bernad Cabredo, A García-Rodríguez, S Frago Larramona, O Nogales, P Díez Redondo, I Puig del Castillo, C Romero Mascarell, N Caballero, I Romero Sánchez-Miguel, R Pérez Berbegal, D Hernández Negrín, Sadornill G Bujedo, A Pérez Oltra, G Casals Urquiza, J Amorós Martínez, A Seoane Urgorri, IA Ibañez Zafón, MA Alvarez-Gonzalez
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims We aimed to determine the rate of missed lesions on patients with inadequate bowel preparation, through a very early repeat colonoscopy with adequate bowel preparation.
Comparison of the myocardial uptake of a technetium-labeled isonitrile analogue and thallium.
Authors: J ALeppo, D JMeerdink
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

The myocardial transmicrovascular transport of thallium-201 (201Tl) and technetium-99m hexakis(2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile) (MIBI) were compared during variable blood flow levels in nine blood-perfused, isolated rabbit hearts. Seventeen injections of radiolabeled albumin and EDTA as well as 201Tl and MIBI were performed by indicator-dilution techniques. When coronary flow was varied from 0.52 to 3.19 ml/g/min, myocardial extraction for MIBI averaged 0.38 +/- 0.09 (SD) whereas 201Tl myocardial extraction averaged 0.73 +/- 0.10 (p less than 0.001). Net extraction, which was calculated using end points of 1.8-4.9 minutes, averaged 0.41 +/- 0.15 for MIBI and was less than the 201Tl net extraction of 0.57 +/- 0.13 (p less than 0.001). The mean capillary permeability-surface area product for MIBI (0.44 +/- 0.13 ml/g/min) was one third of 201Tl (1.30 +/- 0.45 ml/g/min; p less than 0.001). However, parenchymal cell permeability-surface area product for MIBI (47.58 +/- 25.85 ml/g/min) was much higher than 201Tl (6...
Screening for Impaired Visual Acuity in Older Adults
Authors: Ned Calonge, Diana B. Petitti, Thomas G. DeWitt, Allen J. Dietrich, Kimberly D. Gregory, David Grossman, George Isham, Michael L. LeFevre, Rosanne M. Leipzig, Lucy N. Marion, Bernadette Melnyk, Virginia A. Moyer, Judith K. Ockene, George F. Sawaya, J. Sanford Schwartz, Timothy Wilt, US Preventive Serv Task Force
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)
Dying Patients and Palliative Sedation
Authors: Ware Kuschner
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Dihydropyridine agonist Bay K 8644 inhibits platelet activation by competitive antagonism of thromboxane A2-prostaglandin H2 receptor.
Authors: G JJohnson, P CDunlop, L ALeis, A HFrom
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

The dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonists, such as nifedipine, inhibit platelet aggregation in vitro and ex vivo, but the mechanism by which this occurs is uncertain. Bay K 8644 (BAY) is a substituted dihydropyridine that has effects on voltage-dependent calcium channels in cardiac and smooth muscle that are opposite the effects of nifedipine. To evaluate the mechanism responsible for dihydropyridine-induced inhibition of platelet function, we studied the in vitro effects of BAY on human platelet aggregation and secretion plus several related biochemical parameters, including cytoplasmic ionized calcium ([Ca2+]i). BAY exerted concentration-dependent effects on platelet aggregation and secretion of [14C]serotonin. BAY (1-10 microns) inhibited the second wave of platelet aggregation and secretion stimulated by adenosine diphosphate or epinephrine and blocked shape change, aggregation, and secretion induced by the thromboxane A2 (TXA2) mimic, U46619. BAY also inhibited U46619-induced phosphorylation of...
Micropuncture measurement of lung microvascular pressure profile during hypoxia in cats.
Authors: YNagasaka, JBhattacharya, SNanjo, M AGropper, N CStaub
Journal: Circulation Research (1984)

To determine the lung microvascular pressure profile during hypoxia, we micropunctured the subpleural microcirculation of isolated perfused cat lungs. Our procedures involved exsanguinating a cat, then cannulating its pulmonary artery, left atrium, and trachea. Using the cat's own blood, we perfused the lungs at pulmonary artery and left atrial pressures of 18 and 9 cm water, respectively, to obtain lung blood flow of 81 +/- 29 ml/(kg body weight x min), which we held constant throughout the experiment. We stabilized the lung surface with a vacuum ring and micropunctured 30- to 50-micrometers arterioles and venules to measure microvascular pressure by the servo-null method. During micropuncture, we held the lungs at constant inflation using airway pressure of 8 cm water. We varied the oxygen concentration of the inflation gas from 30% during baseline to 2% during hypoxia. We studied groups with high (more than 7.5) or normal pH. During normoxia, 27, 44, and 29% of the pressure drop occurred in the arteria...
14P Studying tumour heterogeneity of primary non-small cell lung cancer in humans and mice (PDX)
Authors: Z. Kanaki, A. Voutsina, A. Markou, A. Markou, I. Samaras, I.S. Pateras, E. Baliou, E. Patsea, K. Potaris, K. Vahlas, L. Toufektzian, I. Vamvakaris, P. Makrythanasis, V. Georgoulias, A. Kotsakis, A. Klinakis
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Abstract 15344: Outcomes of the Hybrid Convergent Procedure Compared to Catheter Ablation Stratified by Anti-arrhythmic Drug Usage: Results From Converge Ide, Prospective, Randomized, Multi-center Trial
Authors: David De Lurgio, Karl J Crossen, Jaswinder S Gill, Christopher Blauth, Saumil Oza, Anthony Magnano, Faraz Kerendi, David Tschopp, Tyler Taigen, Hugh G Calkins
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation increases the risk of stroke 5-fold. The efficacy of endocardial catheter ablation (CA) for drug - refractory persistent and longstanding persistent AF (PsAF) is limited and has led to the development of minimally invasive hybrid epicardial/endocardial ablation technique (hybrid Convergent) to achieve a comprehensive lesion set with durable transmural lesions. The CONVERGE IDE randomized controlled trial prospectively evaluated the effectiveness of Convergent ablation compared to CA for the treatment of PsAF. Methods: PsAF patients, &gt;18 to &lt;80 years with left atrial sizes up to 6 cm, no limit on the duration of PsAF, refractory/intolerant to class I/III anti-arrhythmic drugs (AADs) were randomized 2:1 to Convergent vs CA at 27 sites (US, UK). Freedom from atrial arrhythmia (AF/AFL/AT) through 12-mo was assessed using 24-hr Holter at 6-mo and 12-mo and ECGs at 3-mo or unscheduled visits. An analysis of freedom from atrial arrhythmia stratified by AAD use was performed. Results: One hundred fifty-three patients (102 Convergent, 51 CA) with similar baseline characteristics were treated. Body mass index (mean 33.7, range 19.1- 50.1) and years since PsAF diagnosis (mean 4.4 years, range 0.5 - 26.0 years) were high; 42.5% (65/153) patients had longstanding persistent AF. In the Convergent arm, 4 major adverse events (3.9%, 4/102) were reported through the first 7 days and additional 4 events (3.9%) from days 8 - 30. The safety rates were lower than the performance goal of 12%. Rates of freedom from atrial arrythmia stratified by AAD use are included in Table1. Irrespective of the criteria, the hybrid Convergent procedure demonstrated significantly higher treatment success compared to CA (RR 1.28 - 1.67, p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: The hybrid Convergent procedure combining epicardial and endocardial ablation is safe and has superior effectiveness as compared to the endocardial catheter ablation for the treatment of PsAF, irrespective of AAD use.