tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CHILD STUDY.
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Postcoital contraception.
Authors: D J Hill
Journal: BMJ (1976)

It is unfortunate, though understandable, that your leading article on this subject (October 23, p. 961) should have made no mention of the legal and ethical problems involved that ought to be faced but are usually avoided. There is a great difference between contraception (preventing fertilization of the ovum) and the use of an abortifacient after fertilization have occurred. In the former situation the ovum and spermatozoa are independent organisms, but in the latter their nature is profoundly changed and they are united as an early pregnancy with quite different potential. The term ''postcoital contraception'' implies the use of an agent after coitus but before fertilization has occurred, but is clearly being used for agents that produce a very early abortion. Apart from the ethics of this practice, which cause concern, it has been pointed out by Tunkel and empasized more recently by Drewer that the provisions of Section 1 of the 1967 Abortion Act permit an abortion only when 2 doctors agree that specified conditions exist, and Section 5 makes the intent to procure a miscarriage illegal unless Section 1 is adhered to. As the use of diethlstilbestrol, ethinyl estradiol, prostaglandins, or their synthetic analogues, IUDs, copper coils, mens trual extraction, and any other postcoital techniques have the intention of procuring an early abortion they would appear to be in contravention of Section 58 of the Offences Against the Person Act 1861 unless Section 1 of the Abortion Act 1967 has been observed.
Parathyroid adenoma.
Authors: W K Blenkinsopp
Journal: BMJ (1978)

when approximately 84 million patients had received the parenteral form.Typically, those who abuse pentazocine also abuse narcotics and other drugs.'Pentazocine alone does not produce a typical opiate abstinence syndrome,2 and withdrawal symptoms are not usually severe and do not require treatment.3In the group reported by Drs King and Betts the symptoms are described as severe; lasting more than two weeks, and resembling those of diamorphine withdrawal.Clearly this runs contrary to the general experience of pentazocine dependence.Subjective testimony alone cannot be regarded as sufficient evidence to establish which drug is being abused,4 since it is reported that analysis revealed no trace of pentazocine in six subjects alleging dependence on this drug, while in five there was evidence of morphine or pethidine usage.5Finally, the authors give no indication of the relative frequency of alleged pentazocine abuse.Comparative data are needed to put their experience into correct perspective.If these data could be made available, then the report can be properly evaluated.
Hare-Lip
Authors: H. D. Stephens
Journal: BMJ (1936)

Fracture of a Spinous ProcessThis is duie to direct violence.It may occur as a com- plication of fracture of a body or a neural arch.Diagnosis depends on the recognition of signs of local trauma, irregularity in the line of the spinous processes, and crepitus, without cord or nerve symptoms.Treatment is by immobilization, when sound, fibrous uniion is to be looked for.Occasionally it may be necessary to remove the loose fragment.
Pseudogout
Authors: M C MUNDAY
Journal: BMJ (1964)

PointersAutomation in Clinical Chemistry: Professor L. G. Whitby considers the advantages of automation in hospital chemical laboratories and points out some disadvantages (p.895).Complete Vagotomy: Mr. C. G. Clark and colleagues report a follow-up of 146 patients.Poor results are often due to defects of the drainage procedure (p.900).Malignant Melanoma: Mr
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Imaging with Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Christopher Kai-shun Leung, Cong Ye, Robert N. Weinreb, Carol Yim Lui Cheung, Quanliang Qiu, Shu Liu, Guihua Xu, Dennis Shun Chiu Lam
Journal: Ophthalmology (2009)
Policy-Driven, Multimodal Deep Learning for Predicting Visual Fields from the Optic Disc and OCT Imaging
Authors: Yuka Kihara, Giovanni Montesano, Andrew Chen, Nishani Amerasinghe, Chrysostomos Dimitriou, Aby Jacob, Almira Chabi, David P. Crabb, Aaron Y. Lee
Journal: Ophthalmology (2022)
Abstract 326: The Prediction Value of Minute Volum of Carbon Dioxide (mvco2) for Return of Spontaneous Circulation in a Porcine Model of Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Jun Xu, kui jin, Feng Sun, Yangyang Fu
Journal: Circulation (2018)

The prediction value of Minute Volum of Carbon dioxide (MVCO2) for return of spontaneous circulation in a porcine model of cardiac arrest Background: Parameters that can predict ROSC ramins incompletely understood. EtCO2 in prediction ROSC may be influenced by minute ventilation during CPR. Minute volume of CO2 (MVCO2) theoratically can be less affected by ventilation. The value of MVCO2 in prediction ROSC remains unknown. Objective: To investigate whether MVCO2 can predict the ROSC in porcine model and define the best cutoff value to predict failure of ROSC. Method: 15 healthy Norwegian domestic pigs received mechanical CPR 2 mins after electriclly induced VF. ETCO2, MVCO2, ALP, MAP, were recorded continuously. Arterial and central venous blood gas were tested at 5-minute after the start of resuscitation. Defbrillation was given at 6-mins after resuscitaion. Parameters were compared between animals with ROSC after difibrillation and those without. Results: 9 pigs were successfully resuscitated after defibrillation while 6 failed. There was no difference of MVCO2, ETCO2, ALP, and MAP between the two groups before induced VF. There was a correlation between MVCO2, ETCO2, ALP, and MAP values (Fig 1). Furthermore, MVCO2 was significantly lower among those animals that failed ROSC, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of MVCO2 predicte difibrillation results showed that the area under the ROC curve was 0.981. The optimal cut-off value was 123.5ml/min, with sensitivity of 97.2% and specificity of 91.7% (Fig 2). Multivariate logistic regression models suggested that MVCO2 index was an important factor affecting the prognosis of resuscitation. Summary and conclusion: This study indicates MVCO2 are highly related with ETCO2, ALP, and MAP with a better preidiction value for resuscitation prognosis than ETCO2, ALP, and MAP.
Addressing Gender-Based Disparities in Earning Potential in Academic Medicine
Authors: Eva Catenaccio, Jonathan M. Rochlin, Harold K. Simon
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Gender-based disparities in compensation in academic medicine are recognized, but their estimated impacts on early career earning potential and strategies to mitigate them have not been well studied.To compare earning potential between female and male academic physicians in the first 10 years of posttraining employment and to evaluate the estimated impact of promotion timing, starting salary, and salary growth rate on earning potential.Using publicly available mean debt and compensation data for full-time employed academic physicians in the US from 2019 to 2020, starting salary, salary in year 10 of employment, annual salary growth rate, and overall earning potential in the first 10 years of employment were estimated for each gender by subspecialty. The estimated impacts of promotion timing and potential interventions, including equalizing starting salaries and annual salary growth rates, were modeled. Data analysis was performed from March to May 2021.Gender and subspecialty.Starting salary, annual salary growth rate, year-10 salary, and earning potential in first 10 years of employment.This cross-sectional study included compensation data from 24 593 female and 29 886 male academic physicians across 45 subspecialties. Women had lower starting salaries in 42 of 45 subspecialties (93%), year-10 salaries in 43 of 45 subspecialties (96%), mean annual salary growth rates in 22 of 45 subspecialties (49%), and earning potential in 43 of 45 subspecialties (96%) (median [IQR], $214 440 [$130 423-$384 954], or 10%, less). A 1-year delay in promotion from assistant to associate professor reduced women's earning potential by a median (IQR) of $26 042 ($19 672-$35 671), but failure to be promoted at all reduced it by a median (IQR) of $218 724 ($176 317-$284 466). Equalizing starting salaries could increase women's earning potential by a median (IQR) of $250 075 ($161 299-$381 799) in the subspecialties for which starting salaries for women were lower than those for men. Equalizing annual salary growth rates could increase women's earning potential by a median (IQR) of $53 661 ($24 258-$102 892) in the subspecialties for which mean annual salary growth rates were lower for women than for men.The findings of this study suggest that gender-based disparities in starting salary and early career earning potential are pervasive in academic medicine in the US. Equalizing starting salaries would address the majority of the differences in earning potential.
Improved Small Extracellular Vesicle Secretion of Rat Adipose‐Derived Stem Cells by Microgrooved Substrates through Upregulation of the ESCRT‐III‐Associated Protein Alix
Authors: Yurong Ji, Weiju Han, Xiaoling Fu, Jing Li, Qi Wu, Yingjun Wang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2021)

Adv. Healthcare Mater. 2021, 10, 2100492 https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.202100492 In the original version of this article, the name of the first author was spelled incorrectly. The correct spelling for the first author is Yurong Ji. This was amended in the manuscript on September 11, 2021.
Abstract 249: The Effect of Response Time on Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Survival Varies by Patient Subpopulation
Authors: Clara Stoesser, Justin Boutilier, Christopher L Sun, Katie N Dainty, Steve Lin, Dennis Ko, Steven C Brooks, Laurie J Morrison, Damon C Scales, Michael Feldman, Sheldon Cheskes, Timothy C Chan
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Itroduction: Previous research has quantified the impact of EMS response time on the probability of survival from OHCA, but the impact on different subpopulations is currently unknown. Aim: To investigate how response time affects OHCA survival for different patient subpopulations. Methods: We conducted a logistic regression analysis on non-EMS witnessed OHCAs of presumed cardiac etiology from the Toronto Regional RescuNet between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2016. We predicted survival using age, sex, public location, presenting rhythm, bystander witnessed, bystander resuscitation, and response time, defined as the time interval from 911 call to EMS arrival at the patient. We conducted subgroup analyses to quantify the effect of response time on survival for eight different subpopulations: public, private, bystander resuscitation, no bystander resuscitation, patients ≥65, patients &lt;65, witnessed, and unwitnessed OHCA. We also quantified the effect of response time on survival for pairwise intersections of the subpopulations. We compared our results to Valenzuela et al. (1997), which suggests survival odds decrease by 10% for each minute delay in response time. Results: We identified 22,988 OHCAs. Overall, a one-minute delay in EMS response time was associated with a 13.2% reduction in the odds of survival. The reduction varied by subpopulation, ranging from a 7.2% reduction in survival odds for unwitnessed arrests to a 16.4% reduction in survival odds for arrests with bystander resuscitation. Response time had the largest impact on survival for the subpopulation of OHCAs that were both witnessed and received bystander resuscitation (17.4% reduction in survival odds). Conclusion: The effect of a one-minute delay in EMS response on the odds of survival from OHCA can be as low as a 7.2% reduction and as high as a 17.4% reduction. This variability contrasts with the currently accepted 10% rule that is assumed across the entire population.
Royal College of Surgeons of England
Authors: E. Belfour
Journal: BMJ (1844)

the district branches, all seem to show that the neces- sity of some improvements in the constitution of the Association is strongly and generally felt.But it yet remains for some one to devise such a re-airangement of our atoms, as may produce a more normal, efficient, and perfect strueture.Hutherto, members have been left to discover the want of a more frequent intercourse, and a more inti- ate bond of union, than the Association originally aforded them.Thus they have formed themselves, is some localities, into district branches, the sphere and extent of which are arbitrary, and are controlled neither by appeal to a central authority, nor by refer- ence to any general scheme of division.Would it not be far preferable, that the General Council should at once proceed to divide the Associa- tion, geographically, into a sufficient number of district *eetioe ?Might not each of the existing branches, as they are now called, form a section,-the large Eastern and Southern Branches being perhaps divided into sections,
Delivery strategies for CRISPR/Cas genome editing tool for retinal dystrophies: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Aayushi Lohia, Deepak Kumar Sahel, Mohd Salman, Vivek Singh, Indumathi Mariappan, Anupama Mittal, Deepak Chitkara
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2022)

CRISPR/Cas, an adaptive immune system in bacteria, has been adopted as an efficient and precise tool for site-specific gene editing with potential therapeutic opportunities. It has been explored for a variety of applications, including gene modulation, epigenome editing, diagnosis, mRNA editing, etc. It has found applications in retinal dystrophic conditions including progressive cone and cone-rod dystrophies, congenital stationary night blindness, X-linked juvenile retinoschisis, retinitis pigmentosa, age-related macular degeneration, leber's congenital amaurosis, etc. Most of the therapies for retinal dystrophic conditions work by regressing symptoms instead of reversing the gene mutations. CRISPR/Cas9 through indel could impart beneficial effects in the reversal of gene mutations in dystrophic conditions. Recent research has also consolidated on the approaches of using CRISPR systems for retinal dystrophies but their delivery to the posterior part of the eye is a major concern due to high molecular weight, negative charge, and in vivo stability of CRISPR components. Recently, non-viral vectors have gained interest due to their potential in tissue-specific nucleic acid (miRNA/siRNA/CRISPR) delivery. This review highlights the opportunities of retinal dystrophies management using CRISPR/Cas nanomedicine.
AMA GRAMS
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Updating and Integrating Core Outcome Sets for Localised, Locally Advanced, Metastatic, and Nonmetastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer: An Update from the PIONEER Consortium
Authors: Katharina Beyer, Lisa Moris, Michael Lardas, Muhammad Imran Omar, Jemma Healey, Sheela Tripathee, Giorgio Gandaglia, Lionne D.F. Venderbos, Eleni Vradi, Thomas van den Broeck, Peter-Paul Willemse, Tiago Antunes-Lopes, Luis Pacheco-Figueiredo, Serenella Monagas, Francesco Esperto, Stephen Flaherty, Zsuzsanna Devecseri, Thomas B.L. Lam, Paula R. Williamson, Rakesh Heer, Emma J. Smith, Alex Asiimwe, Johannes Huber, Monique J. Roobol, Jihong Zong, Malcolm Mason, Philip Cornford, Nicolas Mottet, Sara J. MacLennan, James N'Dow, Alberto Briganti, Steven MacLennan, Mieke Van Hemelrijck
Journal: European Urology (2022)

Harmonisation of outcome reporting and definitions for clinical trials and routine patient records can enable health care systems to provide more efficient outcome-driven and patient-centred interventions. We report on the work of the PIONEER Consortium in this context for prostate cancer (PCa).To update and integrate existing core outcome sets (COS) for PCa for the different stages of the disease, assess their applicability, and develop standardised definitions of prioritised outcomes.We followed a four-stage process involving: (1) systematic reviews; (2) qualitative interviews; (3) expert group meetings to agree standardised terminologies; and (4) recommendations for the most appropriate definitions of clinician-reported outcomes.Following four systematic reviews, a multinational interview study, and expert group consensus meetings, we defined the most clinically suitable definitions for (1) COS for localised and locally advanced PCa and (2) COS for metastatic and nonmetastatic castration-resistant PCa. No new outcomes were identified in our COS for localised and locally advanced PCa. For our COS for metastatic and nonmetastatic castration-resistant PCa, nine new core outcomes were identified.These are the first COS for PCa for which the definitions of prioritised outcomes have been surveyed in a systematic, transparent, and replicable way. This is also the first time that outcome definitions across all prostate cancer COS have been agreed on by a multidisciplinary expert group and recommended for use in research and clinical practice. To limit heterogeneity across research, these COS should be recommended for future effectiveness trials, systematic reviews, guidelines and clinical practice of localised and metastatic PCa.Patient outcomes after treatment for prostate cancer (PCa) are difficult to compare because of variability. To allow better use of data from patients with PCa, the PIONEER Consortium has standardised and recommended outcomes (and their definitions) that should be collected as a minimum in all future studies.
Epidemic malaise.
Authors: J G Parish
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Nun= 47 that there was more evidence of obstructive respiratory disease in his sample of workers than among the workers exposed to similar products examined by ourselves.'On the other hand, the F.E.V./'V.C. ratio is not age standardized and differences in age struc- ture of the two populations might to some extent account for the difference.Also, a higher proportion of the workers in his sur- vey were sensitized to the B. subtilis derivatives than in our own series.Levels of enzyme concentration in air are not given, but exposure to higher levels for longer periods might account for the difference.-Iam, etc.,
Verletzungen der Lungen und des Brustkorbes: Frühverlauf und Spätfolgen mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Lungentuberkulose. Kritische Beobachtungen über 3 Jahrzehnte an fast 4000 Verletzten des Weltkrieges 1914/1918
Journal: JAMA (1952)

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Letter from Westminster
Authors: W. Russell
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Any man who gets himself entangled in the women's rights issue is asking for trouble.But my first Labour women's con- ference, held in the Derbyshire spa of Buxton, proved extremely interesting, even though I left with the impression that many of the sisters were more interested in improving conditions in the ghetto than in taking over the male chauvinist piggeries of politics.Women, after all, now make up 52% of the popula-
Skin cancer, including related pathways and therapy and the role of luteolin derivatives as potential therapeutics
Authors: Aleksandra M. Juszczak, Ute Wöelfle, Marijana Zovko Končić, Michał Tomczyk
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2022)

Abstract Cutaneous malignant melanoma is the fastest growing and the most aggressive form of skin cancer that is diagnosed. However, its incidence is relatively scarce compared to the highest mortality rate of all skin cancers. The much more common skin cancers include nonmelanoma malignant skin cancers. Moreover, over the past several decades, the frequency of all skin cancers has increased much more dynamically than that of almost any other type of cancer. Among the available therapeutic options for skin cancers, chemotherapy used immediately after the surgical intervention has been an essential element. Unfortunately, the main problem with conventional chemopreventive regimens involves the lack of response to treatment and the associated side effects. Hence, there is a need for much more effective anticancer drugs. Correspondingly, the targeted alternatives have involved phytochemicals, which are safer chemotherapeutic agents and exhibit competitive anticancer activity with high therapeutic efficacy. Among polyphenolic compounds, some flavonoids and their derivatives, which are mostly found in medicinal plants, have been demonstrated to influence the modulation of signaling pathways at each stage of the carcinogenesis process, which is also important in the context of skin cancers. Hence, this review focuses on an exhaustive overview of the therapeutic effects of luteolin and its derivatives in the treatment and prevention of skin cancers. The bioavailability and structure–activity relationships of luteolin derivatives are also discussed. This review is the first such complete account of all of the scientific reports concerning this particular group of natural compounds that target a specific area of neoplastic diseases.