tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of Topical Timolol for the Treatment of Infantile Hemangioma in the Early Proliferative Stage
Authors: Fania Z. Muñoz-Garza, Mónica Ríos, Esther Roé-Crespo, José Bernabeu-Wittel, María Teresa Montserrat-García, Luís Puig, Ignasi Gich, Eulalia Baselga
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2021)

Treatment of infantile hemangioma (IH) with topical timolol in the first 2 months of life (early proliferative phase) may prevent further growth and the need for treatment with oral propranolol. To our knowledge, no studies have determined whether beginning early treatment with timolol for IH is better than in other proliferative stages.To evaluate the efficacy and safety of timolol maleate solution, 0.5%, for the early treatment of IH in infants younger than 60 days.This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2a pilot clinical trial included patients aged 10 to 60 days with focal or segmental hemangiomas (superficial, deep, mixed, or minimal/arrested growth). Patients were randomly assigned to treatment with topical timolol maleate solution, 0.5%, or placebo twice daily for 24 weeks. Changes in lesion size (volume, thickness) and color were evaluated from photographs taken at 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 36 weeks. Vital signs and adverse effects were recorded at each visit. The study was carried out from November 2015 to January 2017, and data analyses were completed in September 2019.The primary outcome of complete or nearly complete IH resolution and the secondary outcomes of changes in lesion thickness, volume, and color were evaluated by a blinded investigator.Of the 69 patients recruited, the mean (SD) age was 48.4 (10.6) days; 55 (80%) were female; and 51 (74%), 11 (16%), 6 (9%), and 1 (1%) had superficial, mixed, abortive, or deep IHs, respectively. The IHs were localized, segmental, or indeterminate in 60 (87%), 7 (10%), and 2 (3%) patients, respectively. The IHs were located on the head and/or neck (n = 23 [33%]) or other body sites (n = 46 [67%]). The study was completed by 26 of 33 (79%) patients receiving timolol and 31 of 36 (86%) receiving placebo. There were no significant differences between timolol and placebo for complete or nearly complete IH resolution at 24 weeks (n = 11 [42%] vs n = 11 [36%]; P = .37). The odds ratio of complete or almost complete response vs no response at week 24 was 1.33 (95% CI, 0.45-3.89). There were no between-group differences in IH size (volume, thickness). An improvement in color was observed at week 4 in the timolol group, and timolol was well tolerated with no systemic adverse effects.In this randomized clinical trial, results demonstrated that topical timolol is well tolerated for the treatment of early proliferative IH but provides limited benefit in lesion resolution when given during the early proliferative stage.EudraCT Identifier: 2013-005199-17.
Identification of patients with sustained ventricular tachycardia by frequency analysis of signal-averaged electrocardiograms despite the presence of bundle branch block.
Authors: B DLindsay, JMarkham, K BSchechtman, H DAmbos, M ECain
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Previously, we have demonstrated distinguishing features in the fast Fourier transform (FFT) of signal-averaged electrocardiograms (ECGs) obtained during sinus rhythm in the absence of bundle branch block that differentiate patients with from those without sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT). The ECGs during sinus rhythm from many patients with sustained VT, however, exhibit intraventricular conduction abnormalities. Accordingly, this study was performed to determine whether the presence of bundle branch block during sinus rhythm precluded accurate identification of patients with sustained VT. Studies were performed in 28 normal subjects (group I) and 141 patients with organic heart disease grouped according to clinical characteristics. Group II comprised 40 patients without VT in whom the QRS duration during sinus rhythm was less than 120 msec. Group III included 21 patients without VT in whom the QRS duration during sinus rhythm was 120 msec or greater. Group IV comprised 43 patients with sustained V...
Augmented receptor-mediated Ca2+ mobilization causes supersensitivity of contractile response to serotonin in atherosclerotic arteries.
Authors: YMiwa, KHirata, YMatsuda, MSuematsu, SKawashima, MYokoyama
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

We have previously reported that atherosclerotic arteries obtained from Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits exhibit a marked increase of contractile response to serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) and ergonovine and that these augmented contractile responses to specific agonists may play an important role in the pathogenesis of vasospasm. In the present study, we investigated whether supersensitivity to 5-HT in atherlosclerotic arteries was due to an increase in 5-HT receptor-mediated Ca2+ mobilization or to an increase in Ca2+ sensitivity of the contractile elements. We measured simultaneously both isometric tension and [Ca2+]i in fura 2-loaded aortic smooth muscle strips from control and WHHL rabbits. Muscle tension in the high K+ (72.7 mmol/L)-stimulated states and [Ca2+]i in both resting and high K(+)-stimulated states did not differ between control and WHHL rabbits. In atherosclerotic aortas from WHHL rabbits, the dose-response curves of both tension and [Ca2+]i for 5-HT were shifted ...
Patency of the ductus arteriosus after balloon dilatation: an experimental study.
Authors: GLund, ACragg, JRysavy, FCastaneda, ESalomonowitz, ZVlodaver, WCasteneda-Zuniga, KAmplatz
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Balloon dilatation of the ductus arteriosus was carried out in vivo in newborn pigs and on postmortem specimens from humans and piglets. The ductus was functionally closed in all newborn animals but patency resulted in all animals after balloon dilatation. Left-to-right shunts of 50% to 70% were found with anatomic lumen sizes of 3 to 5 mm. Patency was demonstrated up to 6 weeks after dilatation. Histologic examination showed splitting of the internal elastic layer and media, areas of hemorrhage confined to the media, and preservation of the adventitia. Mediastinal hemorrhage did not occur. This new technique is useful as an animal model of patent ductus arteriosus and could theoretically be used for palliative treatment of ductus-dependent congenital heart disease.
Effect of ischemia and reperfusion on cardiac ryanodine receptors--sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ channels.
Authors: RZucchi, SRonca-Testoni, GYu, PGalbani, GRonca, MMariani
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

We investigated the effect of ischemia and reperfusion on the cardiac ryanodine receptor, which corresponds to the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ channel. Isolated working rat hearts were subjected to 10 to 30 minutes of global ischemia, followed or not by reperfusion. Ischemia produced significant reduction in the density of high-affinity 3H-ryanodine binding sites, determined either in whole-heart homogenate (Bmax, 220 +/- 22, 203 +/- 12, and 228 +/- 14 fmol/mg protein after 10, 20, and 30 minutes of ischemia versus 298 +/- 18 fmol/mg protein in the control condition; P < .01) or in a fraction enriched in sarcoplasmic reticulum (Bmax, 1.08 +/- 0.15 pmol/mg protein after 20 minutes of ischemia versus 1.69 +/- 0.08 pmol/mg protein in the control condition; P < .01). The Kd (1.5 +/- 0.1 nmol/L) and the Ca2+ dependence of high-affinity 3H-ryanodine binding were not affected by ischemia. The density of low-affinity 3H-ryanodine binding sites was also reduced after 20 minutes of ischemia (14.0 +/- 2.3 versus 34....
Factors related to end-systolic volume are important determinants of peak early diastolic transmitral flow velocity.
Authors: MCourtois, C JMechem, BBarzilai, P ALudbrook
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDThree important determinants of left ventricular (LV) peak early diastolic filling rate, which is related directly to the magnitude of the transmitral pressure difference, are the rate of LV isovolumic pressure fall (T1/2), left atrial (LA) pressure at mitral valve opening (X1), and end-systolic volume (ESV).METHODS AND RESULTSTo delineate the relative degrees to which these factors contribute to the magnitude of peak early diastolic filling rate, we measured LA and regional intra-LV pressures with micromanometers, LV volume with contrast angiography, and peak transmitral flow velocity (E) with transesophageal Doppler echocardiography in 16 anesthetized closed-chest dogs. E did not correlate significantly with either X1 (r = -0.255) or T1/2 (r = -0.281). Multivariate analysis, with E entered as the dependent variable and X1 and T1/2 as independent variables, also failed to reach significance (R = 0.310). E correlated significantly with ESV (r = -0.633, p less than 0.009). Using multivariate anal...
Abstract 18865: Identification of a Functional SNP Regulating PRRX1 at the 1q24 Locus for Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Elena Dolmatova, Nathan R Tucker, Honghuang Lin, Rebecca R Cooper, Jiangchuan Ye, Moritz F Sinner, Maxim Imakaev, Steven A Lubitz, Jordan Leyton-Mange, Gus Vlahakes, Emelia J Benjamin, Kathryn L Lunetta, Leonid Mirny, David J Milan, Patrick T Ellinor
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Genome-wide association studies have identified 9 genomic loci associated with atrial fibrillation (AF). Hypothesis: We sought to identify the functional variant at the 1q24 locus for AF, located upstream of the paired related homeobox 1 gene ( PRRX1 ). Methods: We used morpholino-mediated knockdown in zebrafish to assess the role of PRRX1 in cardiac function and development. To identify potential enhancers at the PRRX1 locus we analyzed DNase hypersensitivity, histone methylation, and mammalian conservation data from ENCODE. Tissue-specific enhancer activity was evaluated by microinjection of eGFP reporter constructs for each putative enhancer into zebrafish and luciferase assays in a mouse atrial myocyte (HL-1) cell line. To determine physical interaction between the AF-associated enhancer and PRRX1 promoter we analyzed available Hi-C data and performed chromatin conformation capture (3C). The functional SNP was localized using luciferase assays in HL-1 cells. The effect of the functional SNP on gene expression in human left atrial tissue was measured by qPCR. Results: Knockdown of the PRRX1 ortholog in zebrafish resulted in atrial dilation and shortening of atrial action potential duration (APD 80 : 114.8±2.2ms vs 126±1.5ms in controls, p=0.0004). Of the 4 regions tested at the 1q24 locus, 2 adjacent regions exhibited enhancer activity in the zebrafish myocardium. 3C demonstrated an increased interaction frequency between the enhancer and PRRX1 promoter regions in cells of cardiac lineage when compared to controls (103±57%, p=0.038). Screening for functional SNPs within these regions revealed that the AF risk allele (C) at SNP rs577676 associated with ~4 fold increased enhancer activity as compared to the non-risk (T) allele in HL-1 cells. Finally, regional eQTL analysis of human atrial tissue showed that rs577676 correlated with PRRX1 expression. Conclusions: We have implicated PRRX1 in cardiac electrophysiology by demonstrating that knockdown of the gene results in atrial dilation and shortening of atrial action potential duration. Further, we have found that SNP rs577676 modifies an enhancer regulating PRRX1 expression.
Re: Have We Resolved How To Triage Equivocal Cervical Cytology?
Authors: M. Arbyn, J. Dillner, M. Van Ranst, F. Buntinx, P. Martin-Hirsch, E. Paraskevaidis
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2004)

213 1.000 (0.398 to 0.665) 0.665 (0.597 to 0.729) 0.019 Lonky et al. (7) 1 pg/mL, RLU 1 213 0.933 (0.681 to 0.998) 0.697 (0.628 to 0.760) 0.070 Pooled 2810 0.964† (0.935 to 0.999) 0.565‡ (0.455 to 0.675) 0.057 Triage test: repeat cytology
Trends of Screening Utilization, Bowel Preparation and Polyp Detection and its Effect on Colorectal Cancer Incidence in Major Ethnic Groups in Israel
Authors: F Abu Baker, Y Kopelman
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Similar to other western countries, recent reports have confirmed the improving trends in colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and outcomes in Israel. Still, disparities in incidence and mortality in CRC continue to persist between major ethnic groups, despite the provision of widespread screening and improved care. We aimed to outline, from an endoscopic point of view, ethnic disparities in major endoscopic measures concerned with CRC screening and detection.
Cutaneous reactions reported after Moderna and Pfizer COVID-19 vaccination: A registry-based study of 414 cases
Authors: Devon E. McMahon, Erin Amerson, Misha Rosenbach, Jules B. Lipoff, Danna Moustafa, Anisha Tyagi, Seemal R. Desai, Lars E. French, Henry W. Lim, Bruce H. Thiers, George J. Hruza, Kimberly G. Blumenthal, Lindy P. Fox, Esther E. Freeman
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2021)

Cutaneous reactions after messenger RNA (mRNA)-based COVID-19 vaccines have been reported but are not well characterized.
A Text-Book of Anatomy and Physiology.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The deformational characteristics of the left ventricle in the conscious dog.
Authors: C OOlsen, J SRankin, C EArentzen, W SRing, P AMcHale, R WAnderson
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

We studied left ventricular minor and major axis diameters and equatorial wall thickness in eleven conscious dogs with chronically implanted pulse-transit ultrasonic dimension transducers. Left ventricular transmural pressure was measured with micromanometers. Left ventricular volume was varied by inflation of implanted vena caval or aortic occluders. The geometry of the left ventricle was represented as a three-dimensioal ellipsoidal shell. Left ventricular eccentricity was found to be a linear function of ventricular volume during both diastole and ejection. However, the relationship was not the same for diastole and ejection, and during diastole the left ventricle was mre spherical at large volumes and more elliptical at small volumes than during ejection. The rearrangements in geometry observed during isovolumic contraction appeared to be transitional stages from the diastolic to the ejection-phase relationship. Thus, during isovolumic contraction, the left ventricle became more elliptical at large vo...
Effects of the spatial dispersion of acetylcholine release on the chronotropic responses to vagal stimulation in dogs.
Authors: T EYang, JCheng, M NLevy
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

We determined the effects of changing the spatial dispersion of acetylcholine release on the phase-dependent chronotropic responses to vagal stimulation in anesthetized dogs. We stimulated the vagus nerves with one brief burst of electrical pulses each cardiac cycle, and we changed the timing of the stimulus by a small, constant amount each cardiac cycle to scan the entire cycle. To vary the heterogeneity of acetylcholine release, we changed the voltage of the stimulus pulses over a range of submaximal values. To achieve the maximum homogeneity of acetylcholine release, we used supramaximal voltages, and we varied the level of acetylcholine release from each excited fiber by changing the number of pulses per burst. We used the average cardiac cycle length of the phase-response curve to assess the overall vagal effect, independent of its timing within the cardiac cycle. We found that the amplitude of the phase-response curve varied directly and the minimum-to-maximum phase difference varied inversely with ...
Cardiac myocyte necrosis induced by angiotensin II.
Authors: L BTan, J EJalil, RPick, J SJanicki, K TWeber
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Although the role of angiotensin II (Ang II) in the pathogenesis and progression of the failing heart is uncertain, previous reports have suggested that myocyte injury may be a component in this process. In this study, we investigated this possibility in more detail. Cardiotoxic effects of nonacutely hypertensive doses of Ang II were examined in 90 rats, including those receiving an angiotensin infusion (200 ng/min i.p.) and those with renovascular hypertension, where endogenous stimulation of Ang II occurred. Myocyte injury and wound healing resulting from these treatments were evaluated by 1) immunofluorescence after in vivo monoclonal antibody labeling of myosin to detect abnormal sarcolemmal permeability, 2) [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA, to detect fibroblast proliferation, and 3) light microscopic evidence of myocytolysis and subsequent scar formation. We found that exogenous Ang II produced multifocal antimyosin labeling of cardiac myocytes and myocytolysis, which were maximal on days 1-2 of ...
A definition of the intima of human arteries and of its atherosclerosis-prone regions. A report from the Committee on Vascular Lesions of the Council on Arteriosclerosis, American Heart Association.
Authors: H CStary, D HBlankenhorn, A BChandler, SGlagov, WInsull, MRichardson, M ERosenfeld, S ASchaffer, C JSchwartz, W DWagner
Journal: Circulation (1992)
Pulsed Doppler echocardiographic determination of stroke volume and cardiac output: clinical validation of two new methods using the apical window.
Authors: J FLewis, L CKuo, J GNelson, M CLimacher, M AQuinones
Journal: Circulation (1984)

Two methods of measuring stroke volume and cardiac output with pulsed Doppler two-dimensional echocardiography were developed and validated against the thermodilution technique in 39 patients, 33 of which were in an intensive care unit. With the use of the apical four-chamber view, a mitral inflow method combined the velocity of left ventricular inflow at the mitral anulus with the cross-sectional area of the anulus calculated from its diameter at middiastole (area = pi r2). From the apical five-chamber view a left ventricular outflow method combined the velocity of left ventricular outflow with the cross-sectional area of the aortic anulus calculated from its diameter during early systole (parasternal long-axis view). Measurements with the mitral inflow and left ventricular outflow methods were obtained in 35 of 39 (90%) and 39 of 39 (100%) patients, respectively. Validation of the mitral method excluded patients with mitral regurgitation (n = 11) and validation of the left ventricular outflow method exc...
Results of the Endoscopic Treatment of Patients With Zenker’s DIVERTICULUM
Authors: I Pavlov, K Shishin, I Nedoluzhko, N Kurushkina, L Shumkina
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Endoscopic techniques are currently a priority in treating patients with Zenker’s diverticulum (ZD). Nevertheless, standard endoscopic treatment is associated with an increased number of disease relapses – up to 20 %. On the one hand, the tunnel technique allows performing the adequate volume of myotomy regardless of the diverticulum size. On the other hand, the residual cavity of the diverticulum can be left, which determines the potential risk of recurrence. Therefore we have developed a novel technique that combines all the advantages of standard and tunnel operations.
Palliation of cyanotic congenital heart disease in infancy with E-type prostaglandins.
Authors: J MNeutze, M BStarling, R BElliott, B GBarratt-Boyes
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Prostaglandin-E (PGE) infusions have been used in an attempt to increase ductal patency in 11 infants aged one to 99 days with cyanotic heart disease. PGE1 was used in nine infants and PGE2 in two. Five patients had pulmonary atresia, four extreme pulmonary stenosis, one Ebstein's anomaly and one simple transposition of the great arteries. All but the oldest infant showed a satisfactory increase in oxygen saturation (average 36%) attributed to dilatation of the ductus. The failure in one infant may have been due largely to hypoplasia of the left pulmonary artery. The only important side effect was apnea in one infant receiving PGE2. The efficacy of this form of treatment is confirmed in infants dependent on ductal patency for survival. PGE is an important asset in saving the lives of neonates requiring an aorticopulmonary shunt operation. The recommended starting dose is 0.1 mug/kg/min of PGE1 given by constant infusion.
The influence of preload and heart rate on Doppler echocardiographic indexes of left ventricular performance: comparison with invasive indexes in an experimental preparation.
Authors: KWallmeyer, L SWann, K BSagar, JKalbfleisch, H SKlopfenstein
Journal: Circulation (1986)

We evaluated the ability of Doppler echocardiography to assess left ventricular performance in six open-chest dogs studied under various conditions. Intravenous infusions of nitroglycerin were used to vary preload, atrial pacing was used to control heart rate, and changes in inotropic state were induced by two different doses of dobutamine (5 and 10 micrograms/kg/min iv) and by administration of propranolol (1 mg/kg iv). Left ventricular anterior wall myocardial segment length was used as an index of preload. Maximum aortic blood flow, peak acceleration of aortic blood flow, and dP/dt were measured with an electromagnetic flow probe around the ascending aorta and a high-fidelity pressure transducer in the left ventricle. A continuous-wave Doppler transducer applied to the aortic arch was used to measure peak aortic blood velocity, mean acceleration, time to peak velocity, and the systolic velocity integral. The differences between mean values obtained under different inotropic conditions were significant ...
Scintigraphic quantification of myocardial necrosis in patients after intravenous injection of myosin-specific antibody.
Authors: B AKhaw, H KGold, TYasuda, R CLeinbach, MKanke, J TFallon, MBarlai-Kovach, H WStrauss, FSheehan, EHaber
Journal: Circulation (1986)

The Fab fragments of antimyosin antibodies, labeled with 99mTc, were used in the scintigraphic examination of 30 patients with myocardial infarction. The ability to detect necrosis and determine its extent from the antimyosin scan were compared with the results of quantitative regional wall motion analysis by contrast ventriculography at 10 to 14 days and 99mTc-pyrophosphate imaging. Antimyosin images recorded by planar and single photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) delineated areas of myocardial necrosis in 27 of 30 patients (90%) compared with a 91% sensitivity of pyrophosphate in 21 of 23 patients. Infarct size was determined by both antimyosin and pyrophosphate SPECT images. Results by both techniques showed a significant correlation with computer-derived hypokinetic segment length (r = .79 for both, p = .002) and peak creatine kinase (r = .9 for both, p less than .01). Although sensitivity for and correlations with markers of necrosis were similar with both techniques, infarct size by pyropho...