tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Incremental Value of a Coronary Artery Calcium Score Beyond Traditional Cardiovascular Risk Assessment
Authors: Katy J. L. Bell, Sam White, Omar Hassan, Lin Zhu, Anna Mae Scott, Justin Clark, Paul Glasziou
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2022)

Coronary artery calcium scores (CACS) are used to help assess patients' cardiovascular status and risk. However, their best use in risk assessment beyond traditional cardiovascular factors in primary prevention is uncertain.To find, assess, and synthesize all cohort studies that assessed the incremental gain from the addition of a CACS to a standard cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk calculator (or CVD risk factors for a standard calculator), that is, comparing CVD risk score plus CACS with CVD risk score alone.Eligible studies needed to be cohort studies in primary prevention populations that used 1 of the CVD risk calculators recommended by national guidelines (Framingham Risk Score, QRISK, pooled cohort equation, NZ PREDICT, NORRISK, or SCORE) and assessed and reported incremental discrimination with CACS for estimating the risk of a future cardiovascular event.From 2772 records screened, 6 eligible cohort studies were identified (with 1043 CVD events in 17 961 unique participants) from the US (n = 3), the Netherlands (n = 1), Germany (n = 1), and South Korea (n = 1). Studies varied in size from 470 to 5185 participants (range of mean [SD] ages, 50 [10] to 75.1 [7.3] years; 38.4%-59.4% were women). The C statistic for the CVD risk models without CACS ranged from 0.693 (95% CI, 0.661-0.726) to 0.80. The pooled gain in C statistic from adding CACS was 0.036 (95% CI, 0.020-0.052). Among participants classified as being at low risk by the risk score and reclassified as at intermediate or high risk by CACS, 85.5% (65 of 76) to 96.4% (349 of 362) did not have a CVD event during follow-up (range, 5.1-10.0 years). Among participants classified as being at high risk by the risk score and reclassified as being at low risk by CACS, 91.4% (202 of 221) to 99.2% (502 of 506) did not have a CVD event during follow-up.This systematic review and meta-analysis found that the CACS appears to add some further discrimination to the traditional CVD risk assessment equations used in these studies, which appears to be relatively consistent across studies. However, the modest gain may often be outweighed by costs, rates of incidental findings, and radiation risks. Although the CACS may have a role for refining risk assessment in selected patients, which patients would benefit remains unclear. At present, no evidence suggests that adding CACS to traditional risk scores provides clinical benefit.
Engineered PD-1/TIGIT dual-activating cell-membrane nanoparticles with dexamethasone act synergistically to shape the effector T cell/Treg balance and alleviate systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Qianqian Guo, Chuanrong Chen, Zhihua Wu, Wei Zhang, Liting Wang, Jian Yu, Longxia Li, Jiali Zhang, Yourong Duan
Journal: Biomaterials (2022)
Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided antegrade intervention for a hepaticojejunostomy anastomosis obstruction under peroral cholangioscopy via an EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy route
Authors: Keisuke Yonamine, Shinsuke Koshita, Yoshihide Kanno, Takahisa Ogawa, Hiroaki Kusunose, Toshitaka Sakai, Kei Ito
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

A 47-year-old man who had undergone subtotal stomach-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy presented with recurrent cholangitis, possibly due to a hepaticojejunostomy anastomosis (HJA) stricture ([Fig. 1]). Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography using short-type single-balloon endoscopy was planned. However, as the HJA was completely occluded by a fibrous membrane, we could not insert the cannula into the bile duct. Therefore, we performed endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS).
Management of granulomatous lobular mastitis: an international multidisciplinary consensus (2021 edition)
Authors: Qian-Qian Yuan, Shu-Yuan Xiao, Omar Farouk, Yu-Tang Du, Fereshte Sheybani, Qing Ting Tan, Sami Akbulut, Kenan Cetin, Afsaneh Alikhassi, Rami Jalal Yaghan, Irmak Durur-Subasi, Fatih Altintoprak, Tae Ik Eom, Fatih Alper, Mustafa Hasbahceci, David Martínez-Ramos, Pelin Seher Oztekin, Ava Kwong, Cedric W. Pluguez-Turull, Kirstyn E. Brownson, Shirish Chandanwale, Mehran Habibi, Liu-Yi Lan, Rui Zhou, Xian-Tao Zeng, Jiao Bai, Jun-Wen Bai, Qiong-Rong Chen, Xing Chen, Xiao-Ming Zha, Wen-Jie Dai, Zhi-Jun Dai, Qin-Yu Feng, Qing-Jun Gao, Run-Fang Gao, Bao-San Han, Jin-Xuan Hou, Wei Hou, Hai-Ying Liao, Hong Luo, Zheng-Ren Liu, Jing-Hua Lu, Bin Luo, Xiao-Peng Ma, Jun Qian, Jian-Yong Qin, Wei Wei, Gang Wei, Li-Ying Xu, Hui-Chao Xue, Hua-Wei Yang, Wei-Ge Yang, Chao-Jie Zhang, Fan Zhang, Guan-Xin Zhang, Shao-Kun Zhang, Shu-Qun Zhang, Ye-Qiang Zhang, Yue-Peng Zhang, Sheng-Chu Zhang, Dai-Wei Zhao, Xiang-Min Zheng, Le-Wei Zheng, Gao-Ran Xu, Wen-Bo Zhou, Gao-Song Wu
Journal: Military Medical Research (2022)

Granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) is a rare and chronic benign inflammatory disease of the breast. Difficulties exist in the management of GLM for many front-line surgeons and medical specialists who care for patients with inflammatory disorders of the breast. This consensus is summarized to establish evidence-based recommendations for the management of GLM. Literature was reviewed using PubMed from January 1, 1971 to July 31, 2020. Sixty-six international experienced multidisciplinary experts from 11 countries or regions were invited to review the evidence. Levels of evidence were determined using the American College of Physicians grading system, and recommendations were discussed until consensus. Experts discussed and concluded 30 recommendations on historical definitions, etiology and predisposing factors, diagnosis criteria, treatment, clinical stages, relapse and recurrence of GLM. GLM was recommended as a widely accepted definition. In addition, this consensus introduced a new clinical stages and management algorithm for GLM to provide individual treatment strategies. In conclusion, diagnosis of GLM depends on a combination of history, clinical manifestations, imaging examinations, laboratory examinations and pathology. The approach to treatment of GLM should be applied according to the different clinical stage of GLM. This evidence-based consensus would be valuable to assist front-line surgeons and medical specialists in the optimal management of GLM.
Development of [211At]astatine-based anti-CD123 radioimmunotherapy for acute leukemias and other CD123+ malignancies
Authors: George S. Laszlo, Johnnie J. Orozco, Allie R. Kehret, Margaret C. Lunn, Jenny Huo, Donald K. Hamlin, D. Scott Wilbur, Shannon L. Dexter, Melissa L. Comstock, Shyril O’Steen, Brenda M. Sandmaier, Damian J. Green, Roland B. Walter
Journal: Leukemia (2022)
Should Patients Take Aspirin for Primary Cardiovascular Prevention?
Authors: Allan S. Brett
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Aspirin for Primary Prevention—Time to Rethink Our Approach
Authors: Jeffrey S. Berger
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

US Preventive Services Task Force; Karina W. Davidson, PhD, MASc; Michael J. Barry, MD; Carol M. Mangione, MD, MSPH; Michael Cabana, MD, MA, MPH; David Chelmow, MD; Tumaini Rucker Coker, MD, MBA; Esa M. Davis, MD, MPH; Katrina E. Donahue, MD, MPH; Carlos Roberto Jaén, MD, PhD, MS; Alex H. Krist, MD, MPH; Martha Kubik, PhD, RN; Li Li, MD, PhD, MPH; Gbenga Ogedegbe, MD, MPH; Lori Pbert, PhD; John M. Ruiz, PhD; James Stevermer, MD, MSPH; Chien-Wen Tseng, MD, MPH, MSEE; John B. Wong, MD
Large Collaborative Registries and Real-world Data to Manage Amyloid-Related Imaging Abnormalities—Reply
Authors: Jacob N. Hall, Sharon J. Sha
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Use of a self-made additional working channel for underwater endoscopic mucosal resection of a rectal neuroendocrine tumor
Authors: Chao Deng, Suhua Wu, Lin Liao, Xiaodong Guo, Jia Li, Zhechuan Mei, Song He
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

A 39-year-old man was diagnosed with an 8-mm neuroendocrine tumor (NET) in the rectum ([Fig. 1 a]). Endoscopic ultrasonography indicated that the lesion was confined to the submucosa. In order to get an en bloc resection, we developed an underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) technique assisted by an additional working channel (AWC) that we made ourselves.
Whom to Treat for Primary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Samia Mora, Chrisandra L. Shufelt, JoAnn E. Manson
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Development of Pulmonary Hypertension in Over One‐Third of Patients With Th/To Antibody–Positive Scleroderma in Long‐Term Follow‐Up
Authors: Shashank Suresh, Devon Charlton, Erin K. Snell, Maureen Laffoon, Thomas A. Medsger, Lei Zhu, Robyn T. Domsic
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2022)

This study was undertaken to describe clinical manifestations in patients with Th/To antibody-positive systemic sclerosis (SSc) during long-term follow-up.We performed a case-control study involving anti-Th/To antibody-positive patients with SSc who were newly referred to the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and the Pittsburgh Scleroderma Center from 1980 to 2015. For every case, 2 anti-Th/To antibody-negative SSc patients (the first 2 consecutively seen after a case) were used as controls. Long-term disease manifestations and survival were then compared between cases and controls.A total of 204 anti-Th/To antibody-positive SSc patients and 408 controls were identified. The cohort had a mean ± SD age of 52 ± 12.9 years, and 76% of individuals were women. Anti-Th/To antibody-positive patients more often presented without skin thickening (P < 0.0001) and had a higher rate of pulmonary hypertension (PH) (P < 0.0001) and interstitial lung disease (P = 0.05) compared to anti-Th/To antibody-negative SSc controls. Anti-Th/To antibody-positive SSc patients also had less frequent muscle and joint involvement than anti-Th/To antibody-negative SSc controls (P < 0.0001). After a median clinical follow-up period of 6.1 years (interquartile range 2.4-12.7), 38% of anti-Th/To-positive patients had developed PH compared to 15% of anti-Th/To antibody-negative SSc controls (P < 0.0001). The rate of PH classified as World Health Organization (WHO) Group 1 pulmonary arterial hypertension [PAH] was 23% in anti-Th/To-positive patients compared to 9% in anti-Th/To antibody-negative SSc controls (P < 0.0001). After adjusting for age and sex, anti-Th/To antibody positivity was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) of 3.3 (95% confidence interval 2.3-4.9) for increased risk of developing PH at 10 years of follow-up from the first scleroderma center visit.This is the largest cohort of patients with anti-Th/To antibody-positive SSc with long-term follow-up data. The very high rate (38%) and associated independent risk of anti-Th/To antibody-positive patients developing PH in follow-up, particularly in WHO Group 1 PAH patients, is striking. Patients presenting with limited skin involvement should be tested for Th/To antibodies, and if present, careful monitoring for PH is warranted.
Addressing readability of online patient materials: comment on the American College of Rheumatology online information pages for patients and caregivers
Authors: Ahmad AlAbdulkareem
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2022)

Disclosureform Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Linking Genotype to Phenotype: Bench to Bedside
Authors: Suzanne George, Monica M. Bertagnolli
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2022)

Summary Over the past three decades, researchers in the NCI-funded cancer cooperative groups have routinely incorporated a collection of biospecimens, quality-of-life assessments, diet and physical activity data, and other health outcome variables from clinical trial participants to provide an expanding resource for correlative science in cancer clinical research. See related articles by Nixon et al., p. 2771 and 2779
Emerging technologies to increase gastrointestinal transit times of drug delivery systems
Authors: Gergely Kali, Patrick Knoll, Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2022)

Apart from already established technologies to increase gastrointestinal transit times, including devices rapidly increasing in size once they have reached the stomach in order to retard the passage through the pylorus, formulations that float on gastric fluids and mucoadhesive drug delivery systems adhering to the gastrointestinal mucosa, there are new technologies emerging that might be game changing. They include mucus permeating nanocarriers that are able to diffuse deeply into the mucus gel layer of the gastric and intestinal mucosa remaining there for a prolonged time period (i), charge-converting nanocarriers that shift their zeta potential from negative to positive within the mucus gel layer providing strong ionic bonds with anionic mucus glycoproteins (ii) and thiolated nanocarriers and cyclodextrins form even covalent bonds with cysteine-rich subdomains of mucus glycoproteins (iii). Within this review we will provide an overview about these emerging new technologies and will critically discuss their potential and shortcomings.
Addition of Vision Impairment to a Life-Course Model of Potentially Modifiable Dementia Risk Factors in the US
Authors: Joshua R. Ehrlich, Jenna Goldstein, Bonnie K. Swenor, Heather Whitson, Kenneth M. Langa, Phillip Veliz
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2022)

Dementia prevention is a high priority, given the large impact of dementia on the well-being of individuals and society. The number of older adults with dementia in the US and globally is projected to increase as a result of population aging and growth. Thus, it is vital to identify potentially modifiable dementia risk factors. Vision impairment has been identified as a risk factor for accelerated cognitive decline and incident dementia. An estimated 90% of vision impairment is preventable or has yet to be treated. Nevertheless, vision impairment has not been included in the dominant life-course models of dementia risk factors used to shape public health policy and research priorities.
Polygenic scores, diet quality, and type 2 diabetes risk: An observational study among 35,759 adults from 3 US cohorts
Authors: Jordi Merino, Marta Guasch-Ferré, Jun Li, Wonil Chung, Yang Hu, Baoshan Ma, Yanping Li, Jae H. Kang, Peter Kraft, Liming Liang, Qi Sun, Paul W. Franks, JoAnn E. Manson, Walter C. Willet, Jose C. Florez, Frank B. Hu
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2022)

Background Both genetic and lifestyle factors contribute to the risk of type 2 diabetes, but the extent to which there is a synergistic effect of the 2 factors is unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the joint associations of genetic risk and diet quality with incident type 2 diabetes. Methods and findings We analyzed data from 35,759 men and women in the United States participating in the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) I (1986 to 2016) and II (1991 to 2017) and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS; 1986 to 2016) with available genetic data and who did not have diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or cancer at baseline. Genetic risk was characterized using both a global polygenic score capturing overall genetic risk and pathway-specific polygenic scores denoting distinct pathophysiological mechanisms. Diet quality was assessed using the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI). Cox models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for type 2 diabetes after adjusting for potential confounders. With over 902,386 person-years of follow-up, 4,433 participants were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The relative risk of type 2 diabetes was 1.29 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.25, 1.32; P &lt; 0.001) per standard deviation (SD) increase in global polygenic score and 1.13 (1.09, 1.17; P &lt; 0.001) per 10-unit decrease in AHEI. Irrespective of genetic risk, low diet quality, as compared to high diet quality, was associated with approximately 30% increased risk of type 2 diabetes ( P interaction = 0.69). The joint association of low diet quality and increased genetic risk was similar to the sum of the risk associated with each factor alone ( P interaction = 0.30). Limitations of this study include the self-report of diet information and possible bias resulting from inclusion of highly educated participants with available genetic data. Conclusions These data provide evidence for the independent associations of genetic risk and diet quality with incident type 2 diabetes and suggest that a healthy diet is associated with lower diabetes risk across all levels of genetic risk.
Cyclin-dependent kinase 4-related tubular epithelial cell proliferation is regulated by Paired box gene 2 in kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Keisuke Sako, Kengo Furuichi, Shohei Makiishi, Yuta Yamamura, Toshiya Okumura, Hong Thu Le, Shinji Kitajima, Tadashi Toyama, Akinori Hara, Yasunori Iwata, Norihiko Sakai, Miho Shimizu, Fumio Niimura, Taiji Matsusaka, Shuichi Kaneko, Takashi Wada
Journal: Kidney International (2022)
Race and Sex Bias in the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS-2) and Disparities in Autism Diagnoses
Authors: Zachary J. Williams
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Luther G. Kalb, PhD, MHS; Vini Singh, MPH; Ji Su Hong, MD; Calliope Holingue, PhD; Natasha N. Ludwig, PhD; Danika Pfeiffer, PhD; Rachel Reetzke, PhD; Alden L. Gross, PhD, MHS; Rebecca Landa, PhD
Risk of Appendicitis After mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination in a Danish Population
Authors: Helene Kildegaard, Louise Ladebo, Jacob Harbo Andersen, Peter Bjødstrup Jensen, Lotte Rasmussen, Per Damkier, Anton Pottegård
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2022)

This cohort study used data from Danish registers to assess whether recipients of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines had a higher risk of appendicitis after receiving the shot compared with individuals who did not receive the vaccine.
Long-Acting RSV Antibody Injection Protects Healthy Infants
Authors: Anita Slomski
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal