tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
When I use a word . . . . More medical magic
Authors: Jeffrey K Aronson
Journal: BMJ (2022)

The word “magic” is used from time to time as a whimsical bioscience label. I have previously discussed magic bullets. However, there are many more instances of the invocation of magic in bioscience papers. Here I have listed a selection of uses of the term “magic” or the acronym MAGIC in such publications.
VALIDATION OF A NEW OPTICAL DIAGNOSIS TRAINING PLATFORM TO IMPROVE DYSPLASIA CHARACTERISATION IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE (OPTIC-IBD): A MULTICENTRE RANDOMISED CONTROLLED STUDY
Authors: M. Iacucci, R.J.M. Ingram, A. Bazarova, R. Cannatelli, N. Labarile, O.M. Nardone, T.L. Parigi, K. Siau, S.CL Smith, J.GP Ferraz, R. Kiesslich, R. Panaccione, A. Parra-Blanco, G.E. Tontini, T. Uraoka, S. Ghosh
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

Aims To develop and validate online training in optical diagnosis of dysplastic lesions in IBD (NCT04924543).
Differences in Prevalence of Pregnancy Complications and Placental Pathology by Race and Ethnicity in a New York Community Hospital
Authors: Peilin Zhang, Sylvia Dygulski, Farah Al-Sayyed, Beata Dygulska, Sanford Lederman
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

ResultsA total 3724 singleton placenta with clinical, neonatal birth data and maternal racial data were available for study, including 155 Asian (4.2%), 1291 non-Hispanic Black (34.7%), 315 Hispanic (8.5%), and 1662 non-Hispanic White mothers (44.6%), and 301 patients (8.1%) with missing racial and ethnic information.There were statistically significant differences in various categories among the racial and ethnic groups (Table 1).There were significant differences in marital status between various racial and ethnic groups, with the highest marriage rate for mothers in the Asian group ( 136[87.7%]) and lowest for the non-Hispanic Black group (349 [27.0%]) (P < .001).The mean body mass
Variation in revascularisation use and outcomes of patients in hospital with acute myocardial infarction across six high income countries: cross sectional cohort study
Authors: Peter Cram, Laura A Hatfield, Pieter Bakx, Amitava Banerjee, Christina Fu, Michal Gordon, Renaud Heine, Nicole Huang, Dennis Ko, Lisa M Lix, Victor Novack, Laura Pasea, Feng Qiu, Therese A Stukel, Carin Uyl de Groot, Lin Yan, Bruce Landon
Journal: BMJ (2022)

Abstract Objectives To compare treatment and outcomes for patients admitted to hospital with a primary diagnosis of ST elevation or non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI or NSTEMI) in six high income countries with very different healthcare delivery systems. Design Retrospective cross sectional cohort study. Setting Patient level administrative data from the United States, Canada (Ontario and Manitoba), England, the Netherlands, Israel, and Taiwan. Participants Adults aged 66 years and older admitted to hospital with STEMI or NSTEMI between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2017. Outcomes measures The three categories of outcomes were coronary revascularisation (percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass graft surgery), mortality, and efficiency (hospital length of stay and 30 day readmission). Rates were standardised to the age and sex distribution of the US acute myocardial infarction population in 2017. Outcomes were assessed separately for STEMI and NSTEMI. Performance was evaluated longitudinally (over time) and cross sectionally (between countries). Results The total number of hospital admissions ranged from 19 043 in Israel to 1 064 099 in the US. Large differences were found between countries for all outcomes. For example, the proportion of patients admitted to hospital with STEMI who received percutaneous coronary intervention in hospital during 2017 ranged from 36.9% (England) to 78.6% (Canada; 71.8% in the US); use of percutaneous coronary intervention for STEMI increased in all countries between 2011 and 2017, with particularly large rises in Israel (48.4-65.9%) and Taiwan (49.4-70.2%). The proportion of patients with NSTEMI who underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery within 90 days of admission during 2017 was lowest in the Netherlands (3.5%) and highest in the US (11.7%). Death within one year of admission for STEMI in 2017 ranged from 18.9% (Netherlands) to 27.8% (US) and 32.3% (Taiwan). Mean hospital length of stay in 2017 for STEMI was lowest in the Netherlands and the US (5.0 and 5.1 days) and highest in Taiwan (8.5 days); 30 day readmission for STEMI was lowest in Taiwan (11.7%) and the US (12.2%) and highest in England (23.1%). Conclusions In an analysis of myocardial infarction in six high income countries, all countries had areas of high performance, but no country excelled in all three domains. Our findings suggest that countries could learn from each other by using international comparisons of patient level nationally representative data.
The circular RNA circHMGB2 drives immunosuppression and anti-PD-1 resistance in lung adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas via the miR-181a-5p/CARM1 axis
Authors: Ling-Xian Zhang, Jian Gao, Xiang Long, Peng-Fei Zhang, Xin Yang, Shu-Qiang Zhu, Xu Pei, Bai-Quan Qiu, Shi-Wei Chen, Feng Lu, Kun Lin, Jian Jun Xu, Yong-Bing Wu
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2022)

Abstract Background Previous studies have confirmed the oncogenic role of HMGB2 in various cancers, but the biological functions of HMGB2-derived circRNAs remain unknown. Thus, we intended to investigate the potential role of HMGB2-derived circRNAs in lung adenocarcinomas (LUAD) and squamous cell carcinomas (LUSC). Methods The expression profiles of HMGB2-derived circRNAs in LUAD and LUSC tissues and matched normal tissues were assessed using qRT–PCR. The role of circHMGB2 in the progression of the LUAD and LUSC was determined in vitro by Transwell, CCK-8, flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry assays, as well as in vivo in an immunocompetent mouse model and a humanized mouse model. In addition, in vivo circRNA precipitation assays, luciferase reporter assays and RNA pulldown assays were performed to explore the underlying mechanism by which circHMGB2 promotes anti-PD-1 resistance in the LUAD and LUSC. Results The expression of circHMGB2 (hsa_circ_0071452) was significantly upregulated in NSCLC tissues, and survival analysis identified circHMGB2 as an independent indicator of poor prognosis in the LUAD and LUSC patients. We found that circHMGB2 exerted a mild effect on the proliferation of the LUAD and LUSC cells, but circHMGB2 substantially reshaped the tumor microenvironment by contributing to the exhaustion of antitumor immunity in an immunocompetent mouse model and a humanized mouse model. Mechanistically, circHMGB2 relieves the inhibition of downstream CARM1 by sponging miR-181a-5p, thus inactivating the type 1 interferon response in the LUAD and LUSC. Moreover, we found that the upregulation of circHMGB2 expression decreased the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy, and we revealed that the combination of the CARM1 inhibitor EZM2302 and an anti-PD-1 antibody exerted promising synergistic effects in a preclinical model. Conclusion circHMGB2 overexpression promotes the LUAD and LUSC progression mainly by reshaping the tumor microenvironment and regulating anti-PD-1 resistance in the LUAD and LUSC patients. This study provides a new strategy for the LUAD and LUSC treatment.
Racial discrimination, low trust in the health system and COVID-19 vaccine uptake: a longitudinal observational study of 633 UK adults from ethnic minority groups
Authors: Elise Paul, Daisy Fancourt, Mohammad Razai
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2022)

Objectives To examine whether racial/ethnic discrimination predicts future COVID-19 vaccine refusal, and whether this association is explained by trust in government and the health system. Design Longitudinal observational study of racial/ethnic discrimination occurring since the start of the first lockdown (measured in July 2020) and later COVID-19 vaccine status. Setting UK (England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland). Participants A total of 633 adults belonging to ethnic minority groups who took part in the UCL COVID-19 Social Study. Main outcome measures COVID-19 vaccine refusal (vs. accepted/waiting/had at least one dose) between 23 December 2020 and 14 June 2021. Results Nearly 1 in 10 (6.69%) who had refused a COVID-19 vaccine had experienced racial/ethnic discrimination in a medical setting since the start of the pandemic and had experienced twice as many incidents of racial/ethnic discrimination than those who had accepted the vaccine. Structural equation modelling results indicated a nearly four fold (odds ratio = 3.91, 95% confidence interval = 1.40 to 10.92) total effect of racial/ethnic discrimination on refusing the vaccine which was mediated by low trust in the health system to handle the pandemic (odds ratio = 2.49, 95% confidence interval = 1.12 to 5.39). Analyses adjusted for a range of demographic and COVID-19 related factors. Conclusions Findings underscore the importance of addressing racial/ethnic discrimination and the role the National Health Service in regaining trust from ethnic minority groups to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake among ethnic minority adults.
137P Impact of staffing a breast cancer screening clinic with clinical officers at a public referral center in Western Kenya
Authors: S. Jepkirui, M. Bhatia, L. Nanjala, S. Kiptoo, S. Kibiwot, D. Awuor, N. Kisilu, I.L. Kiplimo, T. Vic, J. Hunter-Squires, N. Busakhala
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2022)
40P Connexin43 as double therapeutic target in triple-negative breast cancer: Role in tumour progression and antitumour immune response
Authors: M. Rodriguez-Candela Mateos, J. Röder, P. Oberoi, W. Wels, P. Santiago-Freijanes, J. Mosquera, B. Acea-Nebril, M.D. Mayan
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2022)
CLINICAL PROFILE, RISK FACTORS AND TREATMENT OUTCOMES OF CLOSTRIDIOIDES DIFFICILE ASSOCIATED DIARRHOEA: A HOSPITAL BASED OBSERVATIONAL STUDY FROM WESTERN INDIA
Authors: H. Gadhikar, H. Raina, S. Patwardhan, P. Prayag, A. Gandhi, S. Bhagwat, T. Nikumbh, A. Bapaye
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

Aims To study the increasing incidence of Clostridioides difficile associated Diarrhoea (CDAD) in a tertiary hospital in central India.
A NEW BIODEGRADABLE STENT IN BILIO-PANCREATIC DISEASES: A PROSPECTIVE MULTI-CENTER FEASIBILITY STUDY
Authors: E. Perez-Cuadrado-Robles, S. Lakhtakia, H. Othman, H. Vardhan Tewethia, N. Yaacob, R. Jarmin, Z. Mohamed, E. Jasmin Roslan, G. Perrod, H. Benosman, C. Cellier, G. Rahmi, N. Reddy
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

Aims Biodegradable stents of various designs are reportedly used in pancreato-biliary conditions with promising results. Their major advantage is the avoidance of a repeat endoscopic procedure for stent removal thereby reducing overall cost along with ERCP associated adverse events. To evaluate the feasibility and safety of a new biodegradable stent in patients with pancreato-biliary diseases.
Efficient Algorithms Unlock Understanding of Clonal Evolution in Cancer
Authors: Christopher A. Miller
Journal: Blood Cancer Discovery (2022)

Summary: In this issue of Blood Cancer Discovery, Wintersinger and colleagues present a new algorithm for quickly and accurately inferring clonal phylogenies from heterogeneous tumors sampled at many timepoints and/or many sites. When coupled with serial sequencing of tumors, this advance promises to increase our understanding of the clonal dynamics that shape tumor evolution and response to therapy. See related article by Wintersinger et al., p. 208 (9).
SAFETY, PERFORMANCE STATUS, LOCAL CONTROL, AND OVERALL SURVIVAL AFTER ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND-GUIDED RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION OF UNRESECTABLE PANCREATIC ADENOCARCINOMA: A SINGLE-CENTER HISTORIC COHORT STUDY
Authors: C. Robles-Medranda, R. Del Valle, M. Puga-Tejada, M. Arevalo-Mora, L. Estrada-Guevara, O. Bunces-Orellana, D. Moreno-Zambrano, M. Egas-Izquierdo, J. Alcivar-Vasquez, C. Cifuentes-Gordillo, H. Alvarado, R.C. Merfea, J. Barreto Perez, J. Rodriguez, D. Calle-Loffredo, H.P. Lukashok
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

Aims Endoscopic ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (EUS-RFA) has emerged as an alternative for pancreatic cancer local treatment. However, its adverse events and oncological endpoints as performance status (PS), local control (LC) and overall survival (OS), require further understanding. Our study pursues clinical experience of EUS-RFA for pancreatic adenocarcinoma local treatment in terms of safety, PS, LC, and OS.
CHANGES OF ORAL AND DUODENAL MICROBIOTA IN PATIENTS WITH PANCREATIC CANCER ARE POSSIBLE DIAGNOSTIC AND PROGNOSTIC BIOMARKERS
Authors: L. Archibugi, R. Ponz De Leon Pisani, E. Sattin, L. Bertoldi, G. Rossi, A. Mariani, G. Valle, P.G. Arcidiacono, G. Capurso
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

Aims Microbiome is associated with pancreatic cancer(PDAC) risk/survival. It was hypothesized that bacteria migrate from the mouth through duodenum into the pancreas with a protumorigenic effect. Changes of duodenal microbiome of head PDAC were reported, but may be due to impaired exocrine function and bile flow.Also, such studies were underpowered and oral/duodenal microbiome were not compared.We aimed to assess oral/duodenal microbiome in a PDAC cohort undergoing EUS,with lesions not obstructing(PDAC-NO) biliopancreatic ducts and matched healthy controls(HC), and investigate signatures predicting survival.
EXTREMELY WELL-DIFFERENTIATED ADENOCARCINOMA OF THE STOMACH: TWO CASES OF AN ITALIAN CENTER
Authors: N. Belluardo, S.M. Milluzzo, N. Olivari, A. Savio, C. Spada
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

Aims Extremely Well-Differentiated Adenocarcinoma (EWDA) of the stomach is a rare type of gastric cancer (GC) which accounts 0.1%–0.6% of all GC. According to series published, mainly in Japan, it usually affects males ranging from 40 to 80 years old and it is located in the upper or middle third of the stomach. Since it mimics normal mucosa or intestinal metaplasia, surgical resection is often needed to establish the diagnosis.
CURATIVE ENDOSCOPIC FULL-THICKNESS RESECTION OF A 17-MM GASTRIC CARCINOID INVADING THE SUBMUCOSA USING THE GFTR DEVICE
Authors: M. Lajin
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

A 41-year-old male was referred for a gastric sub-epithelial lesion. EGD/EUS showed a sub-epithelial lesion in the gastric body extending to the submucosa measuring 17 mm. He opted for Endoscopic full-thickness resection.
Synaptic Mechanisms Regulating Mood State Transitions in Depression
Authors: Puja K. Parekh, Shane B. Johnson, Conor Liston
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (2022)

Depression is an episodic form of mental illness characterized by mood state transitions with poorly understood neurobiological mechanisms. Antidepressants reverse the effects of stress and depression on synapse function, enhancing neurotransmission, increasing plasticity, and generating new synapses in stress-sensitive brain regions. These properties are shared to varying degrees by all known antidepressants, suggesting that synaptic remodeling could play a key role in depression pathophysiology and antidepressant function. Still, it is unclear whether and precisely how synaptogenesis contributes to mood state transitions. Here, we review evidence supporting an emerging model in which depression is defined by a distinct brain state distributed across multiple stress-sensitive circuits, with neurons assuming altered functional properties, synapse configurations, and, importantly, a reduced capacity for plasticity and adaptation. Antidepressants act initially by facilitating plasticity and enabling a functional reconfiguration of this brain state. Subsequently, synaptogenesis plays a specific role in sustaining these changes over time.
In This Issue
Journal: Blood Cancer Discovery (2022)

In This Issue| May 05 2022 In This Issue Author & Article Information Online Issn: 2643-3249 Print Issn: 2643-3230 ©2021 American Association for Cancer Research2021American Association for Cancer Research Blood Cancer Discov (2022) 3 (3): 171–172. https://doi.org/10.1158/2643-3230.BCD-3-3-ITI Related Content A commentary has been published: Patients Recently Treated for B-lymphoid Malignancies Show Increased Risk of Severe COVID-19 A commentary has been published: Reconstructing Complex Cancer Evolutionary Histories from Multiple Bulk DNA Samples Using Pairtree A commentary has been published: Integrated Genomic Analysis Identifies UBTF Tandem Duplications as a Recurrent Lesion in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia View more A commentary has been published: ZNF384 Fusion Oncoproteins Drive Lineage Aberrancy in Acute Leukemia A commentary has been published: Txnip Enhances Fitness of Dnmt3a-Mutant Hematopoietic Stem Cells via p21 View less Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Article Versions Icon Versions Version of Record May 5 2022 Citation In This Issue. Blood Cancer Discov 1 May 2022; 3 (3): 171–172. https://doi.org/10.1158/2643-3230.BCD-3-3-ITI Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest Search Advanced Search Patients with B-lymphoid malignancies are at increased risk of severe COVID-19, but the impact of antineoplastic therapies on COVID-19 outcomes in this population is uncertain. Here Rubinstein et al. compare the outcomes of COVID-19 infection among 995 patients with B-lymphoid malignancies and multiple control populations of patients with cancer. The cohort size enables distinguishing contributions of lymphoid malignancy and of antineoplastic therapy, with adjustment for important prognostic factors. The results indicate that patients recently treated for B-lymphoid malignancies are at increased risk of severe COVID-19. See article, p. 181. Genomic characterization of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) at relapse identified recurrent somatic tandem duplications of exon 13 of UBTF (upstream binding transcription factor) in nearly 10% of cases. These UBTF tandem duplication (TD) AMLs are associated with adolescence, FLT3 and WT1 cooperating mutations, yet do not occur with other known driver alterations. Extension into additional datasets demonstrates that UBTF... You do not currently have access to this content.
Assessment of Hospitalizations and Emergency Department Visits After Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy Among Commercially Insured Patients
Authors: Kelly M. Kenzik, P. Connor Johnson, Ravi Bhatia, Smita Bhatia
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2022)

This cohort study examines the cumulative incidence of rehospitalizations and emergency department visits during the first 12 months after hospitalization for chimeric antigen receptor T-cell infusion among commercially insured patients.
Covid-19: China installs fences and alarms in Shanghai in effort to curb cases
Authors: Luke Taylor
Journal: BMJ (2022)

Covid-19: China installs fences and alarms in Shanghai in effort to curb cases Luke TaylorThe Chinese government has introduced unprecedented public health measures in the city of Shanghai in an effort to curb an outbreak of covid-19 and is reportedly considering locking down Beijing if infections continue to climb in the capital.
THE SET DOUBLE TUNNEL TECHNIQUE
Authors: J. Hochberger
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

A 58-year-old patient was referred because of an obstructing submucosal tumor at the level of the aortic arch. The tumor was successfully removed in SET technique but was to big to be extracted through the cranial incision and UES. As the patient had an axial hernia a second submucosal tunnel was created reaching to the distal esophagus. A mucosal incision was made and allowed the safe expulsion of the tumor and advancement into the stomach. The tumor was now cut into nine pieces which were removed through the esophagus. The technique and the uneventful follow-up after 3 mo are shown.
FAECAL MICROBIOTA TRANSPLANTATION IS A SIMPLE, EFFECTIVE AND SAFE TREATMENT IN THE MANAGEMENT OF C. DIFFICILE INFECTION IN DAILY CLINICAL PRACTICE
Authors: I. El Hajra Martinez, C. Ferre Aracil, M.I. Vera Mendoza, A. Ramos Martínez, E. Muñez Rubio, A. Fernández-Cruz, V. Matallana Royo, S. Garcia Maseda, I. Sanchez Romero, R. Martinez Ruiz, S. Blanco Rey, E. Santos Perez, A. Pinto Da Costa, J.L. Calleja Panero
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

Aims Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a treatment supported by wide scientific evidence and proved to be very effective in the management of Clostridioides difficile (CD) infection. The objective of this study is to analyze its effectiveness and safety in a real clinical practice setting.
The X in seX-biased immunity and autoimmune rheumatic disease
Authors: Nikhil Jiwrajka, Montserrat C. Anguera
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2022)

Sexual dimorphism in the composition and function of the human immune system has important clinical implications, as males and females differ in their susceptibility to infectious diseases, cancers, and especially systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Both sex hormones and the X chromosome, which bears a number of immune-related genes, play critical roles in establishing the molecular basis for the observed sex differences in immune function and dysfunction. Here, we review our current understanding of sex differences in immune composition and function in health and disease, with a specific focus on the contribution of the X chromosome to the striking female bias of three autoimmune rheumatic diseases.
COMPARATIVE DIAGNOSTIC PERFORMANCE OF END-CUTTING FINE-NEEDLE BIOPSY NEEDLES FOR ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND TISSUE SAMPLING OF SOLID PANCREATIC MASSES: A NETWORK META-ANALYSIS
Authors: P. Gkolfakis, S.F. Crinò, G. Tziatzios, D. Ramai, A. Papaefthimiou, I. Papanikolaou, K. Triantafyllou, M. Arvanitakis, A. Lisotti, P. Fusaroli, B. Mangiavillano, S. Carrara, A. Repici, C. Hassan, A. Facciorusso
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

Aims We performed a systematic review with network meta-analysis to compare the diagnostic accuracy of available FNB needles for sampling of solid pancreatic lesions.