tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
172P Anlotinib as treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis on overall survival and progression free survival
Authors: B. Susanto, E. Marcella, S. Chen, R.S. Heriyanto, J. Tandiono, F. Wijovi, A. Tancherla, A. Kurniawan
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Assessment of Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Timeliness and Comprehensiveness of Dementia Diagnosis in California
Authors: Elena Tsoy, Rachel E. Kiekhofer, Elan L. Guterman, Boon Lead Tee, Charles C. Windon, Karen A. Dorsman, Serggio C. Lanata, Gil D. Rabinovici, Bruce L. Miller, Amy J. H. Kind, Katherine L. Possin
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2021)

The US aging population is rapidly becoming more racially and ethnically diverse. Early diagnosis of dementia is a health care priority.
Senning repair for transposition of the great arteries in the first week of life.
Authors: G PMatherne, J DRazook, W MThompson, M MLane, C KMurray, R CElkins
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Infants with D-loop transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA) may have unacceptable results after the balloon septostomy while awaiting surgery. It has been our policy to repair defects in infants with D-TGA and intact ventricular septum or small ventricular septal defect at the time of diagnosis. We report our experience with the Senning operation in 18 newborns less than 1 week of age. The mean age at operation was 3 days (range 12 hr to 7 days) and the mean weight was 3.5 kg (range 2.8 to 4.8). There were two early postoperative deaths (11%) and one late death (5%). Early mortality was associated with preoperative acidosis and congestive heart failure. Late mortality was associated with severe left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO). The 15 long-term survivors have been followed for an average of 27 months and 11 of the 16 perioperative survivors have undergone postoperative catheterizations. There was no evidence of systemic or pulmonary venous obstruction. One patient developed LVOTO tha...
Recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia 3. Role of the electrophysiologic study in selection of antiarrhythmic regimens.
Authors: L NHorowitz, M EJosephson, AFarshidi, S RSpielman, E LMichelson, A MGreenspan
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Twenty patients with recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) underwent serial electrophysiological studies (EPS) 1) to determine the predictive value of the EPS in the selection of antiarrhythmic therapy, and 2) to establish the therapeutic efficacy of available antiarrhythmic agents. In each patient VT could be reproducibly initiated by programmed stimulation. After control EPS, the effects of several drugs (lidocaine, procainamide, quinidine, disopyramide and diphenylhydantoin) on the ability to initiate VT were assessed. An oral regimen was chosen on the basis of acute EPS and its effectiveness was evaluated by repeat EPS in 24--72 hours. Blood levels achieved acutely were used as guidelines to chronic therapy. In 14 patients the initiation of VT was prevented by the acute administration of one or more agents. In 13 of these patients, a chronic oral regimen based on these results prevented recurrence of VT with a three- to 27-month follow-up. In the remaining patient, oral therapy could not ac...
Coronary thrombolysis with recombinant human tissue-type plasminogen activator: a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
Authors: DCollen, E JTopol, A JTiefenbrunn, H KGold, M LWeisfeldt, B ESobel, R CLeinbach, J ABrinker, P ALudbrook, IYasuda
Journal: Circulation (1984)

Forty-five patients with acute transmural myocardial infarction and angiographically confirmed complete coronary occlusion were prospectively randomized, two for one, to treatment of acute coronary thrombosis with intravenous recombinant human tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) or placebo. Each of five additional consecutive patients was treated with a high dose of rt-PA for 2 hr. Twenty-five of 33 patients (75%) receiving 0.5 to 0.75 mg/kg of rt-PA over 30 to 120 min had angiographically proven recanalization within 90 min of initiation of therapy. Only one of 14 patients given placebo had spontaneous recanalization within 45 min (p less than .001). Thirteen placebo-treated patients were crossed over to the intracoronary rt-PA group. Nine (69%) exhibited subsequent recanalization within 45 min. Levels of circulating fibrinogen decreased after treatment with rt-PA by an average of only 8% of baseline values. None of the patients manifested a depletion of fibrinogen level to below 100 mg/dl. Six pat...
Low-Dose Plerixafor and Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor for First-Line Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Mobilization in Lymphoma and Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Cesar Homero Gutierrez Aguirre, David Gomez-Almaguer, Dalila Marisol Alvarado Navarro, Rosario Salazar Riojas, Olga Cantu Rodriguez, Luz del Carmen Tarín Arzaga, Gerardo Mejia Jaramillo, Guillermo Sotomayor Duque, Andres Gomez De Leon, Perla Rocio Colunga Pedraza
Journal: Blood (2017)
Oxidative Stress and Hypertension
Authors: Kathy K. Griendling, Livia L. Camargo, Francisco J. Rios, Rhéure Alves-Lopes, Augusto C. Montezano, Rhian M. Touyz
Journal: Circulation Research (2021)

A link between oxidative stress and hypertension has been firmly established in multiple animal models of hypertension but remains elusive in humans. While initial studies focused on inactivation of nitric oxide by superoxide, our understanding of relevant reactive oxygen species (superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and peroxynitrite) and how they modify complex signaling pathways to promote hypertension has expanded significantly. In this review, we summarize recent advances in delineating the primary and secondary sources of reactive oxygen species (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases, uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria), the posttranslational oxidative modifications they induce on protein targets important for redox signaling, their interplay with endogenous antioxidant systems, and the role of inflammasome activation and endoplasmic reticular stress in the development of hypertension. We highlight how oxidative stress in different organ systems contributes to hypertension, describe new animal models that have clarified the importance of specific proteins, and discuss clinical studies that shed light on how these processes and pathways are altered in human hypertension. Finally, we focus on the promise of redox proteomics and systems biology to help us fully understand the relationship between ROS and hypertension and their potential for designing and evaluating novel antihypertensive therapies.
Augmented efficacy of external CPR by intermittent occlusion of the ascending aorta.
Authors: WTang, M HWeil, MNoc, SSun, R JGazmuri, JBisera
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDAfter prolonged cardiac arrest, conventional methods of closed-chest cardiac compression are ineffective. This is primarily because of failure to generate minimal threshold levels of coronary perfusion pressure for cardiac resuscitation. This report introduces a new option for cardiac resuscitation by use of a combination of intermittent ascending aortic balloon occlusion, aortic infusion, and precordial compression to increase the pressure gradient for coronary perfusion.METHODS AND RESULTSTwenty anesthetized, mechanically ventilated, normovolemic domestic pigs were investigated. A 10F balloon catheter was advanced from the left femoral artery into the ascending aorta. Ventricular fibrillation was induced with an AC current delivered through an electrode catheter advanced into the right ventricle. Precordial compression was initiated after 7 minutes of untreated ventricular fibrillation. The animals were randomized to one of four groups: (1) balloon occlusion with proximal infusion of oxygenate...
Anatomical progression of coronary artery disease in humans as seen by prospective, repeated, quantitated coronary angiography. Relation to clinical events and risk factors. The INTACT Study Group.
Authors: P RLichtlen, PNikutta, SJost, JDeckers, BWiese, WRafflenbeul
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDAt present, there is extensive knowledge on the clinical course of coronary artery disease (CAD), whereas data on the underlying anatomical changes and their relation to clinical events are still limited.METHODS AND RESULTSWe investigated progression and regression of CAD prospectively over 3 years in 230 patients (average age, 53.2 years) with mild to moderate disease by applying quantitated, repeated coronary angiography. Minimal stenotic diameters, segment diameters, and percent stenosis were analyzed by the computer-assisted Coronary Angiography Analysis System (CAAS). Progression was defined either as an increase in percent stenosis of preexisting stenoses by greater than or equal to 20% including occlusions or as formation of new stenoses greater than or equal to 20% and new occlusions in previously angiographically normal segments. At first angiography, we found 838 stenoses greater than or equal to 20% (average degree, 39.3%) and 135 occlusions in the four major coronary branches (4.23...
Hemodynamics alterations induced by isoproterenol and pacing after aortic valve replacement with the Björk-Shiley or St. Jude medical prosthesis.
Authors: JThormann, MGottwik, MSchlepper, FHehrlein
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Stress evaluation was carried out in 26 patients approximately 7 months after aortic valve replacement with Bjork-Shiley valves (13 patients) and St. Jude medical valves (13 patients). During isoproterenol infusion (0.3 micrograms/kg/min), cardiac output increased by a factor of 1.5 and aortic valve area decreased by 50% for both valve groups, while transvalvular gradients (rest: 7 +/- 2 vs 10 +/- 5 mm Hg, p greater than 0.05) increased by 42 +/- 18 vs 51 +/- 18 mm Hg (p greater than 0.05), i.e., to levels of moderate aortic stenosis. However, during pacing stress these values progressively decreased with rising heart rates. In other postoperative evaluations that included ergometric stress with isoproterenol and pacing, induced hemodynamic changes after aortic valve replacement were predictable and consistent with regard to both direction and magnitude, and they differed characteristically according to the type of stress used. We conclude that no functional differences between Bjork-Shiley and St. Jude m...
Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty As New Hope For Mild Obesity
Authors: V Bove, G Carlino, I Boskoski, C Gallo, M De Siena, MV Matteo, V Pontecorvi, L Laterza, B Orlandini, G Costamagna
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty (ESG) is a safe and effective treatment for obesity. To date, its indications are limited to severe obesity (BMI≥ 40 kg/m2) and morbid obesity (BMI 35-40 kg/m2 with comorbidities). The aim of our study is to evaluate safety and efficacy of ESG in mild obese patients (BMI 30-35 kg/m2), regardless of comorbidities.
PD-L1 Status and Survival in Patients With Lung Cancer
Authors: Xin Yang, Chuang Qi, Mei Ji
Journal: JAMA (2019)

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Integration of Acid–Base and Electrolyte Disorders
Authors: Niels Van Regenmortel, Manu Malbrain, Philippe Jorens
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

In his review on acid-base disorders, Seifter (Nov.6 issue) 1 attempts to integrate the "traditional, bicarbonate-centered model" described by Davenport 2 and Boron 3 with Stewart's strong-ion-difference model 4 :In unbuffered salt solutions, and is thus a pH surrogate.However, adding buffers as strong ion salts (e.g., sodium bicarbonate equilibrated with carbon dioxide, or sodium lactate equilibrated with lactic acid) increases the strong ion difference while having variable or even no effects on pH.Thus the strong ion difference does not uniquely define pH.Changes in the strong ion difference are a consequence of adding acids or bases as strong ion salts; they do not cause pH to change.Stewart 4 makes the fundamental error of mistaking correlation for causation.Proteins are generally sensitive to pH per se, not the strong ion difference.No biologic mechanisms exist for directly sensing or regulating the strong ion difference in cells, blood, or other compartments (e.g., the cerebrospinal fluid) -domains where pH is both sensed and regulated.Seifter advocates the strong ion difference as a diagnostic tool, rather like the anion gap.Although this analysis may indirectly provide information on acid-base control, the strong ion difference offers no new mechanistic insight because it does not have a causal role in pH changes.
Quantification of and correction for left ventricular systolic long-axis shortening by magnetic resonance tissue tagging and slice isolation.
Authors: W JRogers, E PShapiro, J LWeiss, M BBuchalter, F ERademakers, M LWeisfeldt, E AZerhouni
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDMeasurement of regional left ventricular (LV) function is predicted on the ability to compare equivalent LV segments at different time points during the cardiac cycle. Standard techniques of short-axis acquisition in two-dimensional echocardiography, cine computed tomography, and standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquire images from a fixed plane and fail to compensate for through-plane motion. The shortening of the left ventricle along its long axis during systole results in planar images of two different levels of the ventricle, leading to error in any derived functional measurements. LV systolic long-axis motion was measured in 19 normal volunteers using MRI.METHODS AND RESULTSWith a selective radio frequency (RF) tissue-tagging technique, three short-axis planes were labeled at end diastole and standard spin-echo images were acquired at end systole in the two- and four-chamber orientations. Persistence of the tags through systole allowed visualization of the intersecting short-axis t...
Effect of perioperative myocardial infarction on late survival in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery.
Authors: D LNamay, K EHammermeister, M SZia, T ADeRouen, H TDodge, KNamay
Journal: Circulation (1982)

From the Seattle Heart Watch angiography registry, the baseline characteristics and late survival of 77 patients who sustained operative infarction (new Q waves) with myocardial revascularization were compared with 1790 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass without perioperative infarction. With the exception of coronary collateral vessels, which were less frequently seen in the patients with perioperative infarction, no baseline or operative characteristic distinguished between the two groups. Late survival was clearly adversely affected by perioperative infarction. Five-year survival was 76% in patients with perioperative infarction, compared with 90% in those with no perioperative infarction.
Role of thromboxane A2 in the cardiovascular response to intracoronary C5a.
Authors: G LStahl, E AAmsterdam, J DSymons, J CLonghurst
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

Intracoronary administration of complement component C5a induces transient decreases in coronary blood flow and regional left ventricular segment shortening, associated with intramyocardial granulocyte trapping. We evaluated the influence of a cyclooxygenase inhibitor (acetylsalicylic acid, n = 8) or a thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 receptor antagonist (SQ29548, n = 6) on these C5a-induced cardiovascular responses. Open-chest anesthetized pigs were instrumented to monitor heart rate, arterial blood pressure, left anterior descending coronary blood flow, regional left ventricular segment shortening, and dP/dt. Oxygen content, lactate concentration, leukocyte count, and thromboxane B2, the stable metabolite of thromboxane A2, were measured in arterial and regional coronary venous blood. Repetitive injections of intracoronary C5a (500 ng) given 60 minutes apart showed no tachyphylaxis of the hemodynamic response. However, tachyphylaxis was seen in coronary blood flow changes when injections were spaced 30 m...
Alpha 1-adrenergic receptors in pulmonary and systemic vascular smooth muscle. Alterations with development and pregnancy.
Authors: P WShaul, R RMagness, K HMuntz, DDeBeltz, L MBuja
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

alpha 1-Adrenergic receptors mediate vasoconstriction in the pulmonary and systemic vasculature. In sheep the in vivo vasoconstrictor response to alpha 1-adrenergic stimulation is less in the pulmonary circulation compared with the systemic circulation of the fetus, the response increases in both vascular beds with fetal and postnatal development, and it decreases in the systemic vasculature with pregnancy. In an effort to determine the mechanisms underlying these differences, alpha 1-adrenergic receptor binding characteristics were determined by using [3H]prazosin in intrapulmonary and systemic (thoracic aorta) vascular smooth muscle (VSM) from late-gestation fetal lambs and from pregnant and nonpregnant ewes. alpha 1-Adrenergic receptor density was less in fetal intrapulmonary VSM that in fetal aortic VSM (12.4 +/- 1.5 versus 29.4 +/- 3.2 fmol/mg protein, p less than 0.05), and it was less (p less than 0.05) in the fetus compared with the pregnant ewe in both intrapulmonary and aortic VSM (51.0 +/- 5.2 ...
Motorized Spiral Enteroscopy-Assisted ERCP in Altered Gastrointestinal Anatomy: First Clinical Series
Authors: M Schneider, H Neuhaus, T Beyna
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Recently novel motorized spiral enteroscopy (MSE) has been introduced into clinical practice and has been shown to be safe and effective for deep enteroscopy in patients without previous abdominal surgery. MSE has not yet been studied in patients with surgically altered anatomy of the upper gastrointestinal tract. ERCP in this group of patients often needs device assisted enteroscopy, in particular after Roux-en-Y reconstructive surgery. In this first series we evaluate feasibility and safety of MSE-assisted ERCP.
Influence of reduction of preload and afterload by nitroglycerin on left ventricular diastolic pressure-volume relations and relaxation in man.
Authors: P ALudbrook, J DByrne, P BKurnik, R CMcKnight
Journal: Circulation (1977)

To clarify the mechanisms of afterload reduction on left ventricular diastolic function, the influence of nitroglycerin upon ventricular diastolic pressure-volume relations was studied in 22 patients during catheterization. After nitroglycerin, average ventricular systolic pressure declined by 25 mm Hg (18%) and end-diastolic pressure by 7 mm Hg (28%) (P less than 0.005). End-systolic and diastolic ventricular volumes decreased by 37% and 23% respectively (P less than 0.005). Although peak negative dP/dt fell by 22% (P less than 0.0005), T, an index of the time course of isovolumic diastolic ventricular relaxation, was insignificantly changed. Diastolic pressure-volume curves were significantly displaced downward and leftward without significant change in slope, suggesting that a family of pressure-volume curves for each ventricle with similar slope but positions depend upon immediate loading conditions. Absence of change in slope or of T suggests that this displacement may be mediated indirectly, per...
Mononuclear cells from dogs with acute lung allograft rejection cause contraction of pulmonary arteries.
Authors: A RCale, FRicagna, LWiklund, C GMcGregor, V MMiller
Journal: Circulation (1994)

PURPOSEExperiments were designed to determine whether or not leukocytes activated by acute pulmonary rejection cause contractions of isolated pulmonary arteries.METHODS AND RESULTSSeparate suspensions of (a) polymorphonuclear cells (> 95%) and (b) mononuclear cells (85% lymphocytes/10% monocytes/5% polymorphonuclear cells), respectively, were obtained from the arterial blood of four groups of adult male mongrel dogs: unoperated dogs (controls), dogs with single-lung autotransplants, dogs with rejecting single-lung allotransplants, and unoperated dogs treated with the same immunosuppressants as allotransplanted dogs. These suspensions were added to rings of control intralobar pulmonary arteries suspended in organ chambers for measurement of isometric force. The endothelium was removed mechanically from selected rings. No significant change in basal tension of pulmonary arterial rings occurred by adding suspensions of polymorphonuclear cells from any of the four groups of dogs. Significant cell-number-depen...
Effect of combined supplementation with alpha-tocopherol, ascorbate, and beta carotene on low-density lipoprotein oxidation.
Authors: IJialal, S MGrundy
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDData continue to accumulate supporting a proatherogenic role for oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL). Antioxidant micronutrients such as ascorbate, alpha-tocopherol, and beta carotene, levels of which can be favorably manipulated by dietary measures without side effects, could be a safe approach in inhibiting LDL oxidation. In fact, in vitro studies have shown that all three antioxidants can inhibit LDL oxidation. The present study was undertaken to ascertain both the safety and antioxidant effect of combined supplementation with alpha-tocopherol, ascorbate, and beta carotene on LDL oxidation.METHODS AND RESULTSThe effect of combined supplementation with alpha-tocopherol (800 IU/d) plus ascorbate (1.0 g/d) and beta carotene (30 mg/d) on copper-catalyzed LDL oxidation was tested in a randomized, placebo-controlled study in two groups of 12 male subjects over a 3-month period. Blood samples for the lipoprotein profile, antioxidant levels, and LDL isolation were obtained at baseline and at 3 ...
Unusual Presentation of Herpes Zoster Infection Mimicking Soft Tissue Metastases of Breast Cancer on 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging
Authors: Basak Soydas Turan, M. Fani Bozkurt
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

Herpes zoster infection caused by reactivation of dormant varicella zoster virus results in painful vesicular rash in corresponding dermatome. We report a case of a 56-year-old woman with breast cancer who was referred to PET/CT scan for adjuvant chemotherapy response assessment. Her scan showed multiple FDG-avid skin lesions. Blinded to the patient's clinical information, these skin lesions initially looked suspicious for soft tissue metastases. However, the patient history revealed that she had been experiencing herpes zoster infection during the scan, and these lesions with FDG uptake were eventually confirmed to be caused by herpes zoster infection by physical examination.