tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Trends in Industry Payments to Medical Oncologists in the United States Since the Inception of the Open Payments Program, 2014 to 2019
Authors: Elizabeth S. Tarras, Deborah C. Marshall, Kenneth Rosenzweig, Deborah Korenstein, Susan Chimonas
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2020)

Given the potential for undue influence of industry-physician payments on oncology care, it is important to understand how a national transparency program may be associated with financial interactions between industry and medical oncologists.To identify trends in industry payments to medical oncologists from 2014 to 2019 and determine if the implementation of the Open Payments program is associated with changes in the frequency or value of payments or any shift in the nature of industry-oncologist financial interactions.This retrospective, population-based, observational cohort study analyzed Open Payments reports of industry payments made in 2014 to 2019 to a cohort of licensed medical oncologists practicing in the US in 2014, using data from the National Plan and Provider Enumeration System.Receipt of an industry payment from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2019.General industry payments to medical oncologists, including the proportion receiving payments, total annual value and number of payments, and average annual trends over time, by aggregate value and by nature-of-payment category. Trends over time were analyzed using linear regression and generalized estimating equations.In 2014 to 2019, there were 15 585 medical oncologists who received a total of 2.2 million industry payments with a total value of $509 million. The absolute number of oncologists receiving payments decreased from 10 498 in 2014 to 8918 in 2019 (-15.1%). The annual per-physician payment value decreased among those receiving less than $10 000 in aggregate by -3.2% yearly (95% CI, -4.1% to -2.3%; P < .001), but increased for those receiving more than $10 000. Payments increased for consulting (13.7%; 95% CI, 12.4%-15.0%; P < .001) and for entertainment, meals, travel or lodging, and gifts (0.8%; 95% CI, 0.1%-1.5%; P = .03).The number of medical oncologists accepting industry payments has decreased; however, high-value industry payments have been consolidated in a relatively small number of medical oncologists accepting higher payment values over time. The nature of payments has shifted toward consulting. These findings highlight the limitations of transparency without accountability.
Abstract 15211: Cardiac MRI Structural and Functional Predictors of LVEF Recovery Following PVC Catheter Ablation
Authors: Jessica Mao, Eric Xie, Elzbieta Chamera, Joao A Lima, Jonathan Chrispin
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Frequent premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) have been shown to induce cardiomyopathy. We sought to use cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to accurately quantify changes i...
Absence of coronary artery calcification in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: A systematic review and pooled-analysis of published studies
Authors: R Mszar, G R Grandhi, J Valero-Elizondo, S S Virani, R Blankstein, M J Blaha, L P De Isla, P Mata, K Al Rasadi, H M Krumholz, R D Santos, K Nasir
Journal: Circulation (2019)
Telemedicine for Nephrology Outpatient Care in a Large Integrated Health System During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Waleed Zafar, Prince Mohan, Evan Norfolk, Jamie A. Green, Alex R. Chang
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2020)

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated increased use of telemedicine for outpatient care  Understanding factors impacting access to telemedicine is important to optimize care delivery during the pandemic  Methods: We examined trends in telemedicine use during the COVID-19 pandemic using data from Geisinger, a large, integrated, predominantly rural health system in central and northeast Pennsylvania  We also examined the association between patient characteristics (age, sex, patient portal status, Charlson Comorbidity Index [CCI]) and use of televideo nephrology visits  Results: From 3/15/20-5/29/20, nephrology was the top adult specialty using telemedicine at Geisinger in terms of proportion of office visits using telemedicine (televideo or telephone) with 1911 (94% of all outpatient visits)  The proportion of nephrology visits using telemedicine increased rapidly from <1% pre-COVID-19 crisis to 21% (week of 3/15/20) to consistently ≥95% each week from (3/22/20-5/29/20)  Visit completion rate during this time was 84% with 8% same-day cancellations and 8% noshows/ left prior to being seen  The majority of nephrology clinic patients were ≥65 years old (63%), had severe CCI score 5+ (70%), and had active patient portal status (65%)  The proportion of telemedicine visits using televideo was 42% overall with large differences by age, CCI score, and patient portal status (Figure)  For example, the proportion of telemedicine visits using televideo was as low as 10% (65+ year old patients, CCI 5+, non-user of patient portal) and as high as 86% (<50 year old patients, CCI score 0-4, active patient portal users)  Conclusions: Telemedicine may serve an important role in providing nephrology care to elderly patients with many comorbidities who are particularly susceptible to ill effects from COVID-19  Patient portal users were much more likely to use televideo for telemedicine visits  Further investigation into the digital divide (e g  broadband internet access) is needed to optimize care delivery during the COVID-19 crisis
Two patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis caused by TRAF3IP2 deficiency
Authors: Samantha Shafer, Yikun Yao, William Comrie, Sarah Cook, Yu Zhang, Gözde Yesil, Elif Karakoç-Aydiner, Safa Baris, Haluk Cokugras, Sezin Aydemir, Ayca Kiykim, Ahmet Ozen, Michael Lenardo
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2021)
Практические аспекты патогенетической терапии гастроэзофагеальной рефлюксной болезни
Authors: V.P. Shipulin
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2020)

Статья посвящена проблеме гастроэзофагеальной рефлюксной болезни. В настоящее время исследуется большое количество новых препаратов, способных усовершенствовать лечение кислотозависимых заболеваний, однако самыми лучшими кислотоснижающими средствами пока что остаются ингибиторы протонной помпы. В связи с этим для практикующих врачей вопрос, какому препарату из группы ингибиторов протонной помпы следует отдать предпочтение, был и остается актуальным. С учетом низкого потенциала лекарственных взаимодействий пантопразол может считаться средством выбора для кислотоснижающей терапии, особенно у пожилых пациентов, обычно принимающих достаточно большое количество препаратов; а также у больных, использующих препараты с узким терапевтическим окном.
Overexpression of Mothers Against Decapentaplegic Homolog 7 Activates the Yes‐Associated Protein/NOTCH Cascade and Promotes Liver Carcinogenesis in Mice and Humans
Authors: Haichuan Wang, Xinhua Song, Haotian Liao, Pan Wang, Yi Zhang, Li Che, Jie Zhang, Yi Zhou, Antonio Cigliano, Cindy Ament, Daphne Superville, Silvia Ribback, Melissa Reeves, Giovanni M. Pes, Binyong Liang, Hong Wu, Matthias Evert, Diego F. Calvisi, Yong Zeng, Xin Chen
Journal: Hepatology (2020)

Background and Aims Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (SMAD) 7 is an antagonist of TGF‐β signaling. In the present investigation, we sought to determine the relevance of SMAD7 in liver carcinogenesis using in vitro and in vivo approaches. Approach and Results We found that SMAD7 is up‐regulated in a subset of human HCC samples with poor prognosis. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that SMAD7 expression correlates with activated yes‐associated protein (YAP)/NOTCH pathway and cholangiocellular signature genes in HCCs. These findings were substantiated in human HCC cell lines. In vivo , overexpression of Smad7 alone was unable to initiate HCC development, but it significantly accelerated c‐Myc/myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL1)–induced mouse HCC formation. Consistent with human HCC data, c‐Myc/MCL1/Smad7 liver tumors exhibited an increased cholangiocellular gene expression along with Yap/Notch activation and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). Intriguingly, blocking of the Notch signaling did not affect c‐Myc/MCL1/Smad7‐induced hepatocarcinogenesis while preventing cholangiocellular signature expression and EMT, whereas ablation of Yap abolished c‐Myc/MCL1/Smad7‐driven HCC formation. In mice overexpressing a myristoylated/activated form of AKT, coexpression of SMAD7 accelerated carcinogenesis and switched the phenotype from HCC to intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) lesions. In human iCCA, SMAD7 expression was robustly up‐regulated, especially in the most aggressive tumors, and directly correlated with the levels of YAP/NOTCH targets as well as cholangiocellular and EMT markers. Conclusions The present data indicate that SMAD7 contributes to liver carcinogenesis by activating the YAP/NOTCH signaling cascade and inducing a cholangiocellular and EMT signature.
Abstract 12788: Association of Endothelial Dysfunction Measured by Reactive Hyperemia Index With Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Mexican Americans
Authors: Efstratios Koutroumpakis, Craig Hanis, David Aguilar
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Reactive hyperemia index (RHI) as measured by pulse amplitude tonometry (PAT), represents a simple, non-invasive measure of endothelial function. Lower RHI has been correlated with ca...
RAAS Inhibition, Mortality, and Severity in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hatem Ali, Mahmoud M. Mohamed, Ahmed Daoud, Tibor Fulop, Maria Aurora C. Posadas, Michael Casey, Vinaya Rao, Karim M. Soliman
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2020)

Background: The effect of angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) and angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) on outcome and severity in COVID-19 patients has been postulated  Methods: We performed a systematic review in different databases to identify studies and research work that assessed the association of ACEi/ARBs on the severity of illness and mortality in COVID-19 subjects  Inclusion criteria for our meta-analysis were all studies that included human subjects with COVID-19 infection, reported mortality and severity of the disease, and described ACEi/ARB treatment  The data collected were the name of the first author, journal title, the country of the study, sample size, relative risk and confidence intervals for association of ACEi/ARB treatment and mortality and severity  We used the random-effects model for the meta-analysis and the funnel plot analysis to assess potential publication bias  Results: Out of 4,702 records reviewed in different databases, 11 papers were included in our meta-analysis  Altogether, 8,643 patients were included in the final analysis  Random effects model (REM) for the relationship between ACEi/ARB and survival showed that ACEi/ARB does not affect survival (relative risk [RR]=0 81, confidence interval ranges [CIR] from 0 53 to 1 23)  There was no evidence of heterogeneity with I-squared =25 5% and p<0 235  By applying Egger's test, there was no evidence of small studies effect with P=0 64  REM for the relationship between ACEi/ARB and disease severity showed that ACEi/ARB are not related to disease severity (RR=0 90, CIR from 0 70 to 1 15)  There was evidence of heterogeneity with I-squared =56 2% and p=0 01  By applying Egger's test, there was no evidence of small studies effect with P=0 93  Conclusions: Based on the results of this meta-analysis, ACEi/ARB are not associated with increased mortality or severity in COVID-19 subjects
Cost-Effectiveness of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Screening With Epstein-Barr Virus Polymerase Chain Reaction or Serology in High-Incidence Populations Worldwide
Authors: Jacob A Miller, Quynh-Thu Le, Benjamin A Pinsky, Hannah Wang
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2020)

The incidence of endemic Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) varies considerably worldwide. In high-incidence regions, screening trials have been conducted. We estimated the mortality reduction and cost-effectiveness of EBV-based NPC screening in populations worldwide.We identified 380 populations in 132 countries with incident NPC and developed a decision-analytic model to compare 10 unique onetime screening strategies with no screening for men and women aged 50 years. Screening performance and the stage distribution of undiagnosed NPC were derived from a systematic review of prospective screening trials.Screening was cost-effective in up to 14.5% of populations, depending on the screening strategy. These populations were limited to East Asia, Southeast Asia, and North Africa or were Asian, Pacific Islander, or Inuit populations in North America. A combination of serology and nasopharyngeal polymerase chain reaction was most cost-effective, but other combinations of serologic and/or plasma polymerase chain reaction screening were also cost-effective. The estimated reduction in NPC mortality was similar across screening strategies. For a hypothetical cohort of patients in China, the 10-year survival improved from 71.0% (95% confidence interval = 68.8% to 73.0%) without screening to a median of 86.3% (range = 83.5%-88.2%) with screening. This corresponded to a median 10-year reduction in NPC mortality of 52.9% (range = 43.1%-59.3%). Screening interval affected absolute mortality reduction and cost-effectiveness.We observed decreased NPC mortality with EBV-based screening. Screening was cost-effective in many high-incidence populations and could be extended to men and women as early as age 40 years in select regions. These findings may be useful when choosing among local public health initiatives.
Abstract 11142: Maintenance of Undifferentiated Mesenchymal Stromal Cells-Like Fibroblast by Meflin is Crucial for Heart Repair and Homeostasis
Authors: Akitoshi Hara, Atsushi Enomoto, Toyoaki Murohara
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Myofibroblast(MFs) have a role in tissue repair after damages associated with ischemia, aging, and inflammation, and also promoting tissue stiffening and fibrosis that cause organ dysfu...
Abstract 12096: Double Therapy versus Triple Therapy for Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention or Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Venkatesh Ravi, Priyanjali Pulipati, Aviral Vij, Vamsi Kodumuri
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and concomitant coronary artery disease (CAD) with an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) creates a therapeutic dilemma....
SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Outcomes in Chronic Dialysis Patients
Authors: Eduardo K. Lacson, Gideon N. Aweh, Vladimir Ladik, Harold J. Manley, Carol Stewart, Doug Johnson
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2020)

Background: The SARS-COV-2 pandemic (COVID) impacted ESRD patients on dialysis, categorized by the CDC as immunocompromised  We describe the characteristics and outcomes in patients treated by a non-profit dialysis provider  Methods: From 2/17 to 5/29, 2020, Dialysis Clinic Inc  had identified 422 COVID+ patients from 90 clinics in 20 states  We compared their characteristics relative to the uninfected source clinic population (N=6,993) and tracked outcomes over the 15-week period  Results: Comparative characteristics are shown in the table (∗p<0 05)  Hospitalization occurred in 295 (70%) with 75 deaths, 159 discharges and 61 still hospitalized  Ten patients died <30 days post-discharge  Another 11 deaths occurred in 116 non-hospitalized patients  Overall, 96 of 422 died (22 7%)  While more black patients were infected, death rates were higher in white than black dialysis patients (31 5% vs  18 8%, p=0 008)  Conclusions: Chronic dialysis patients with COVID have higher death rates than the general population  Infected patients tended to be older, with more comorbidity, particularly DM/CVD, and utilized respiratory inhalers/assistance  Group home residents were overrepresented with COVID while home dialysis patients were disproportionately spared
Glomerular Diseases and Immunosuppression Practices in Latin America During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Analysis from GlomCon Latin America Working Group (LGlomCon)
Authors: Julio A. Gutierrez-Prieto, Franco H. Cabeza Rivera, Sonia Rodriguez Ramirez, Javier Soto-Vargas, Denisse Arellano-Mendez, Desiree Garcia Anton, Diana Aguirre, Blanca Martinez-Chagolla, Carmen Avila-Casado
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2020)

Background: As COVID-19 spreads across the world, nephrologists are facing difficult decisions regarding the management of active glomerular diseases (GD)  We aimed to report how COVID-19 pandemic may have changed the use of immunotherapies among nephrologists In Latin America (LA) for the treatment of glomerulopathies  Methods: Descriptive analysis extracted from an online survey carried out among nephrologists, renal pathologists and other health workers treating kidney diseases between May 20-27, 2020 from sixteen Spanish speaking LA countries divided into 6 categories  We present the results for the GD and immunosuppression category  Results: 430 responses were obtained of which 360 (84%) were considered for analysis  The participants were mainly nephrologists 276 (86%), renal pathologists 13 (4%) and physicians in training 11 (3%)  213 (59%) of the respondents treat patients with GD  For patients at risk but without COVID-19 infection, the induction immunosuppression for GD treatment was not changed by 54 1% of the respondents while 24 2% gave only a fraction of it and 21 7% deferred the induction treatment  For maintenance immunosuppression, the same regimen was maintained by 74 2% of the respondents, 24 3% decreased it and 1 5% suspended it completely  In case of relapse or flare, 53 6% used standard increase of immunosuppression, 39 7% increased it but at lower levels than usual and 6 7% continued the maintenance regimen  For patients already on immunosuppression diagnosed with COVID-19 infection, 42% would decrease immunosuppressive regimens for mild disease, 62 3% in case of moderate disease and 70 8% would consider completely discontinuing immunosuppression in case of severe disease  Conclusions: Over 40% of the respondents in LA are already prescribing lower than recommended doses of immunosuppression for induction, relapses or flares as a preventive strategy in the context of COVID-19 pandemic  How this change in practice would affect the renal outcomes remains to be seen  The experience in the treatment of GD in patients with concurrent COVID-19 infection remains limited
Temporal trends in severe COVID-19 outcomes in patients with rheumatic disease: a cohort study
Authors: April Jorge, Kristin M D'Silva, Andrew Cohen, Zachary S Wallace, Natalie McCormick, Yuqing Zhang, Hyon K Choi
Journal: The Lancet Rheumatology (2020)

BackgroundAs the COVID-19 pandemic continues worldwide, severe COVID-19 outcomes remain a major concern for patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. We aimed to investigate temporal trends in COVID-19 outcomes in patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases over the course of the pandemic.MethodsUsing a large, multicentre, electronic health record network (TriNetX), we did a comparative cohort study of patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases who were diagnosed with COVID-19 (by International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision code or positive PCR test) during the first 90 days of the pandemic (early cohort) compared with the second 90 days of the pandemic (late cohort), matched (1:1) for demographics, comorbidities, laboratory results, glucocorticoid use, and previous hospitalisations using an exposure score method. Outcomes were assessed within 30 days of COVID-19 diagnosis, including hospitalisation, intensive care unit admission, invasive mechanical ventilation, renal failure, and death. We did a subgroup analysis among patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases who were hospitalised with COVID-19.FindingsWe identified 8540 patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases who were diagnosed with COVID-19 during the 6-month study period, including 2811 in the early cohort and 5729 in the late cohort. In the exposure score matched analysis, the risk of hospitalisation was lower in the late cohort than in the early cohort (874 [32·4%] of 2701 patients vs 1227 [45·4%] of 2701 patients; relative risk [RR] 0·71, 95% CI 0·67–0·76). The risks of intensive care unit admission (214 [7·9%] vs 385 [14·3%]; RR 0·56, 95% CI 0·47–0·65), mechanical ventilation (96 [3·6%] vs 247 [9·1%]; 0·39, 0·31–0·49), acute kidney injury (372 [13·8%] vs 560 [20·7%]; 0·66, 0·59–0·75), renal replacement therapy (17 [0·6%] vs 32 [1·2%]; 0·53, 0·30–0·96), and death (122 [4·5%] vs 252 [9·3%]; 0·48, 0·39–0·60) were lower in the late cohort compared with the early cohort. Among the hospitalised subgroup, the risk of the composite outcome of intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation, and death was lower in the late cohort than in the early cohort (334 [30·7%] of 1089 patients vs 450 [41·3%] of 1089 patients; RR 0·74, 95% CI 0·67–0·83).InterpretationThe risks of severe COVID-19 outcomes have improved over time in patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal disease but remain substantial. These findings might reflect ascertainment of milder cases in the later cohort and improvements in treatment and supportive care.FundingNone.
Electrolyte Abnormalities in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Diane Liu, Molly Fisher, Abby M. Basalely, Neelja D. Kumar, Jyotsana Thakkar, Ladan Golestaneh, Kimberly J. Reidy, Wei Chen
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2020)

Background: Electrolyte abnormalities have been observed in hospitalized patients with COVID-19  Whether the prevalence of electrolyte disturbances differ between hospitalized patients with and without COVID-19 is unknown  Methods: We performed a retrospective observational study of adult patients hospitalized in a large tertiary healthcare system in the Bronx between March 11-April 26, 2020  We compared the prevalence of the disturbances in sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium between patients with and without COVID-19 using Chi-square  Electrolyte disturbances were defined as the following: hypernatremia (>145 mEq/L), hyponatremia (5 mmol/L), hypokalemia (2 5 mEq/L), hypomagnesemia (<1 5 mEq/L), hypocalcemia (<8 5 mg/dL) and hypoalbuminemia (<3 5 g/dL)  Results: Of 4579 patients, 51 8% were male  Median age was 65 years, IQR (52-76)  3313 (72 3%) were positive for the COVID-19  Hypernatremia, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, hypermagnesemia, hypocalcemia, and hypoalbuminemia were significantly more common in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (p<0 0001)  Conclusions: Dysnatremias, hyperkalemia, and hypermagnesemia were more common in patients with COVID-19  Hypocalcemia was more common in patients with COVID-19 but this may be due to a higher prevalence of hypoalbuminemia  Further studies are needed looking at adjusted models to describe the association between electrolyte abnormalities and clinical outcomes
Abstract 10227: Cytochrome P450 1B1 Promotes the Development of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Anne K Johansen, Ian Morecroft, Kirsty Mair, Kevin White, Margaret Nilsen, Margaret MacLean
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterised by elevations in pulmonary arterial pressures, arising from pulmonary vascular remodelling and vasoconstriction. The incidence of idiopathic a...
Antibody-induced procoagulant platelets in severe COVID-19 infection
Authors: Karina Althaus, Irene Marini, Jan Zlamal, Lisann Pelzl, Anurag Singh, Helene Häberle, Martin Mehrländer, Stefanie Hammer, Harald Schulze, Michael Bitzer, Nisar Malek, Dominik Rath, Hans Bösmüller, Bernard Nieswandt, Meinrad Gawaz, Tamam Bakchoul, Peter Rosenberger
Journal: Blood (2020)