tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Free radicals and reperfusion-induced arrhythmias: protection by spin trap agent PBN in the rat heart.
Authors: D JHearse, ATosaki
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

Using the isolated perfused rat heart with transient (10-minute) regional ischemia induced by coronary artery ligation, we have shown that PBN (N-tert-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone), an organic spin trap agent designed specifically to form stable adducts with free radicals in electron spin resonance studies, can dramatically reduce the vulnerability of the myocardium to reperfusion-induced ventricular fibrillation. Studied in the concentration range of 5-1,000 microM/L, PBN added to the perfusate 5 minutes prior to ischemia exerted a dose-dependent protective effect. At the optimum concentration of 30 microM/L PBN reduced the incidence of ventricular fibrillation to 50% (6 of 12) from its control value of 100% (12 of 12). The antiarrhythmic effect was achieved without any substantial effect on coronary flow or heart rate. Investigating whether this was a direct antiarrhythmic effect, operating during reperfusion, or an indirect effect arising from the action of PBN on the heart during ischemia, PBN (30 micr...
Real Reasons for Emigrating
Authors: R. Davison
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Successful treatment of severe barbiturate poisoning depends on the prevention and treatment of circulatory and respiratory failure, on the maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance and, if possible, on reducing further absorption of the drug. Such measures are effective in at least 90% of patients admitted to hospital.<sup>1</sup> Patients who are drowsy may have taken only a small dose, and need only to sleep off its effects. However, supervision in hospital is required as the amount taken is unknown and some patients are habituated to barbiturates. This article deals with the management of the more seriously ill patient.
5 Outcomes following ANTI-TNF discontinuation and the risk of relapse in inflammatory bowel disease; a single centre experience
Authors: L Coffey, A Mullen, J Leyden, P MacMathuna
Journal: Gut (2017)

Background  Crohn’s disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC) are chronic inflammatory bowel (IBD) conditions that result in fluctuations of disease activity. Infliximab and Adalimumab are well-established agents associated with inducing and maintaining remission in IBD. Long term use of this agent has an associated risk profile and significant healthcare budget implications.  Aims  The aim was to identify patients in remission suitable for discontinuation of anti-TNF therapy and follow their clinical course to identify the patients who maintained a clinical remission  Methods  A single centre retrospective of our 1000 IBD patients. We reviewed IBD cohort on Anti TNF therapy. Analysis of colonoscopy findings and patient symptoms at time of discontinuation was performed and subsequent clinical follow following withdrawal of therapy.  Results  We identified 65 patients on Infliximab. 37 (57%) have UC and 28 (43%) have CD. Following a mean treatment interval of 41 months Infliximab therapy was discontinued in 19 (29%) patients. Of the discontinuation cohort 11 (58%) patients had UC, 6 (31.5%) had CD 2 (10.5%) were indeterminate colitis. During a follow up of 36 months 18 (95%) remained in clinical remission, while 1 (5%) relapsed. We identified 198 patients on Adalimumab in our cohort for treatment of CD. Of this cohort 3 (1.5%) were discontinued as they were in clinical remission. The follow up for this arm was 50 months. There have been 2 (66%) relapses in this group.  Conclusions  Successful remission was achieved in 95% of our Infliximab cohort and 33% of our Adalimumab cohort resulting in fewer hospital admissions, improvement in patient quality of life and decreased healthcare costs that are associated with provision of both maintenance and rescue therapy for flares of disease.
Long-term results after the Fontan operation for tricuspid atresia.
Authors: D AGirod, FFontan, CDeville, JOttenkamp, AChoussat
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Between 1968 and 1977, 32 patients who underwent the Fontan operation for tricuspid atresia at Bordeaux, France, or Leiden, The Netherlands, survived at least 1 year after surgery. These patients were evaluated clinically 7 to 16 years (mean 8.9 years) after surgery by review of clinical records, questionnaire, or direct examination. There were five deaths: one during arrhythmia, the second sudden and unexplained, and three others after reoperation. Four of the five patients had evidence of obstruction of the atriopulmonary or atrioventricular conduit. There were eight reoperations. Two were for residual atrial septal defects, one for an atrial septal defect and an intrapulmonary arteriovenous fistula, and one for a residual ventricular septal defect. The other four were reoperated for severe conduit or homograft obstruction. One of these four also had a residual shunt, severe mitral regurgitation, and reduced left ventricular function. One patient was found to have left ventricular dysfunction 3 months a...
Usefulness of Oral Mucosal Transudate for HIV Antibody Testing
Authors: Leah F. Tessler
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In the study on the use of OMT for HIV antibody screening, Ms Gallo and coworkers<sup>1</sup>conclude that the sensitivity of OMT testing is 99.9% and that the specificity is 99.9%. Unfortunately, neither of these numbers is accurate since the true prevalence of disease in this population is not known. For a large number of individuals included in this study, a confirmatory serum HIV antibody test was not done. Sensitivity is defined as the probability of a positive test when the disease is truly present.<sup>2</sup>Defining a test as "sensitive" therefore assumes that all true positives have been identified. Usually this is done by comparing the new test to a "gold standard," which in this case should be serologic HIV testing. This criterion standard should be applied to all individuals tested, not just to a select subset. The authors include 2382 "low-risk" subjects (defined as those with an
Preoperative evaluation of subvalular fibrosis in mitral stenosis. A predictor factor in conservative vs replacement surgical therapy.
Authors: C WAkins, J KKirklin, P CBlock, M JBuckley, W GAusten
Journal: Circulation (1979)

To assess the degree of mitral subvalvular fibrosis (SVF) in patients with mitral stenosis, left ventriculograms were reviewed, and a mitral subvalvular distance ratio (DR) was determined by dividing the distance from the papillary muscle tips to the closed mitral leaflets in systole by the distance from the aortic valve to the left ventricular apex in diastole. In 15 patients with normal ventricles, the mean DR was 0.244 +/- 0.017. In nine patients with minimal SVF, the mean DR was 0.181 +/- 0.025. In 10 patients with moderate SVF, the mean DR was 0.148 +/- 0.033. In 5 patients with severe SVF, the mean DR was 0.087 +/- 0.009. All mean DRs were mutually distinguishable at p less than 0.01. The clinical results and preoperative DR of 28 patients who had mitral commissurotomy were reviewed. A DR of less than 0.140 precluded a good longterm result from mitral commissurotomy alone. The DR reliably predicts the degree of SVF preoperatively and identifies patients with mitral stenosis who require valve replace...
Oncogene's point mutation produces cancer
Authors: T. Hagen
Journal: JAMA (1982)

What turns a normal cell into a cancer cell? Scientists have long suspected that the answer lies somewhere in the chromosomal material. This is based on the observation that once a normal cell becomes cancerous, through a process called malignant transformation, it passes its tumor characteristics on to progeny in a stable manner. In addition, most carcinogens have also been shown in the laboratory to damage DNA. The recent finding that certain single genes present in normal cell DNA, called cellular oncogenes, have the potential to trigger cell transformation has given researchers a new focus for study (<i>JAMA</i>1982; 247:178-181;1098-1103). Some of these genes appear to play an active role in normal cell function. Yet in tumor cells they have somehow been altered in a way that results in cancer. What sort of DNA changes are involved in this alteration? For at least one type of oncogene, researchers now have
Augmentation of endogenous adenosine attenuates myocardial 'stunning' independently of coronary flow or hemodynamic effects.
Authors: M EZughaib, A SAbd-Elfattah, M OJeroudi, J ZSun, SSekili, X LTang, RBolli
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDMounting evidence suggests a protective effect of exogenous adenosine in myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. We tested the hypothesis that augmentation of endogenous adenosine levels, achieved by inhibiting adenosine catabolism and washout, is beneficial in postischemic myocardial dysfunction (stunning).METHODS AND RESULTSIn phase I of the study, open-chest dogs undergoing a 15-minute coronary artery occlusion and 4 hours of reperfusion received an intracoronary infusion of either saline (controls, n = 23) or 6-(4-nitrobenzyl)-mercapto: purine ribonucleoside (NBMPR, a selective nucleoside transport inhibitor) combined with erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine (EHNA, a potent adenosine deaminase inhibitor) (EHNA + NBMPR, n = 15) starting 15 minutes before coronary occlusion and ending 15 minutes after the initiation of reflow. Regional myocardial function (assessed as systolic wall thickening) was similar in control and treated groups at baseline and during ischemia. After reperfusion, however...
De subitaneis mortibus. XXIV. Ruptured interventricular septum and heart block.
Authors: T NJames
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Five patients with acute posterior myocardial infarction developed varying degrees of atrioventricular (A-V) block prior to rupture of their interventricular septums (IVS). In three of these five the times of septal rupture coincided with the resumption of conduced synus rhythm. During the period of A-V block, the only stable escape rhythm appeared to originate in the A-V junctional region, and in two patients early in their course there was evidence of enhanced A-V junctional automaticity. Although the A-V node contained extensive infarction in all five hearts, its distal part, and the entire His bundle and proximal branches appeared to be spared. The anatomical pattern of dissection within the ruptured IVS was similar in three hearts, extending upward to the crest of the IVS and penetrating into the interatrial septum in two of these. Multiple major coronary narrowing were present in all five hearts, especially of a dominating right coronary artery; recent thrombosis was present in the right coronary ar...
Risk Factors for Colorectal Postpolypectomy and Emr Bleeding: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: G Harel, A Genthner, F Straulino, S Kangalli, I Reiffenstein, N Tscherwinski, A Eickhoff
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Endoscopic polypectomy is at the forefront of colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention. However, endoscopic polypectomy is not completely free of complications, with bleeding being one of the most common complications encountered. Addressing the issue of colonoscopic complications, and postpolypectomy bleeding (PPB) in particular is becoming more important. Despite the fact that the overall incidence of PPB is low, predisposing factors need to be elucidated to further decrease the frequency of this complication. Furthermore, the role of various techniques of PPB prophylaxis remains controversial.
Noninvasive prediction of the angiographic extent of coronary artery disease after myocardial infarction: comparison of clinical, bicycle exercise electrocardiographic, and ventriculographic parameters.
Authors: D DMorris, ARozanski, D SBerman, G ADiamond, H JSwan
Journal: Circulation (1984)

To assess alternative criteria for the prediction of multivessel coronary artery disease after myocardial infarction, we compared the clinical, bicycle electrocardiographic, and radionuclide ventriculographic (ejection fraction and wall motion) responses in 110 patients undergoing coronary angiography after myocardial infarction. Ninety-seven of the 110 patients had multivessel coronary artery disease (two or more diseased vessels). Clinical or electrocardiographic abnormalities were observed in 41 of 97 (sensitivity = 43%) patients with multivessel disease, and in only two of 13 (specificity = 85%) patients without multivessel disease. The average information content of these combined clinical and electrocardiographic variables relative to perfect discrimination was 5%. Among the scintigraphic parameters, the conventional criterion for ejection fraction abnormality, a rise of less than 5% had a sensitivity of 72% and a specificity of 62% for multivessel coronary artery disease, while a fall in ejection f...
Effect of myocardial infarction on high-frequency QRS potentials.
Authors: A LGoldberger, VBhargava, VFroelicher, JCovell
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Studies have shown that the number of high-frequency QRS notches increases after myocardial infarction (MI). To assess overall high-frequency (greater than 80 Hz) potentials more quantitatively, we adapted filtered and the root-mean-square (RMS) voltage of the residual (80-300 Hz) signal computed. High-frequency RMS values were significantly (p less than 0.01) greater in leads II, III and aVf in normal subjects (n = 12) than in patients with inferior infarction (n = 12). Similarly, high-frequency RMS values were higher (p less than 0.01) in leads V2 and V5 in normal subjects (n = 14) than in patients with prior anterior MI (n = 14). A reduction in high-frequency RMS values with inferior infarction was independently confirmed using Fourier analysis of the QRS in lead II. QRS notching in these subjects was also quantified by computing the number of baseline crossings of the first derivative (dV/dt). As predicted, notching was significantly greater (p less than 0.05) both with inferior MI (lead II) and anter...
Relation between central and peripheral hemodynamics during exercise in patients with chronic heart failure. Muscle blood flow is reduced with maintenance of arterial perfusion pressure.
Authors: M JSullivan, J DKnight, M BHigginbotham, F RCobb
Journal: Circulation (1989)

We studied the central hemodynamic, leg blood flow, and metabolic responses to maximal upright bicycle exercise in 30 patients with chronic heart failure attributable to severe left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction, 24 +/- 8%) and in 12 normal subjects. At peak exercise, patients demonstrated reduced oxygen consumption (15.1 +/- 4.8 vs. 32.1 +/- 9.9 ml/kg/min, p less than 0.001), cardiac output (8.7 +/- 3.2 vs. 18.6 +/- 4.4 l/min, p less than 0.001), and mean systemic arterial blood pressure (116 +/- 15 vs. 135 +/- 13 mm Hg, p less than 0.01) compared with normal subjects. Leg blood flow was decreased in patients versus normal subjects at rest and matched submaximal work rates and maximal exercise (2.1 +/- 1.9 vs. 6.4 +/- 1.4 l/min, all p less than 0.01). Mean systemic arterial blood pressure was no different in the two groups at rest or at matched submaximal work rates, whereas leg vascular resistance was higher in patients compared with normal subjects at rest, submaximal, and maximal exercise...
Contribution of thromboxane to renal resistance changes in the isolated perfused hydronephrotic rabbit kidney.
Authors: AKawasaki, PNeedleman
Journal: Circulation Research (1982)

Thromboxane A2 is not produced in normal rabbit kidneys, but its synthesis is induced in numerous renal pathological states. The presence of this potent vasoconstrictor could readily compromise renal hemodynamics. We found that the thromboxane synthetase inhibitor, OKY-1581 (sodium-3-[4,3-pyridylmethyl)phenyl]-2-methylacrylate) is effective in the perfused hydronephrotic kidney in selectively inhibiting thromboxane production without altering prostaglandin E2 or prostacyclin release. The vasoactive peptides bradykinin and angiotensin cause the hydronephrotic kidney to produce thromboxane A2, which results in a profound renal vasoconstriction which is reversed by pretreatment with OKY-1581. Thus, OKY-1581 provides a powerful tool which can be used to assess the participation of thromboxane in pathophysiological states and to ascertain the therapeutic potential of thromboxane synthetase inhibitors in numerous disease states.
Preoperative exercise capacity in symptomatic patients with aortic regurgitation as a predictor of postoperative left ventricular function and long-term prognosis.
Authors: R OBonow, J SBorer, D RRosing, W LHenry, A SPearlman, C LMcIntosh, A GMorrow, S EEpstein
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Forty-five symptomatic patients with aortic regurgitation underwent graded treadmill exercise testing before operation. Twenty-seven patients (group A) could not complete stage I of the National Institutes of Health exercise protocol because of limiting symptoms (exercise duration less than or equal to 22.5 minutes); 18 patients (group B) completed this stage without limiting symptoms (exercise duration > 22.5 minutes). Patients in group A had higher resting pulmonary capillary wedge pressures (mean 19 vs 13 mm Hg, p < 0.05) and left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic pressures (mean 24 vs 16 mm Hg, p < 0.05) than those in group B, but did not differ with respect to LV systolic dimension or fractional shortening by echocardiography or LV ejection fraction at rest or during exercise by radionuclide cineangiography. Among 32 patients with subnormal preoperative LV fractional shortening on echo, nine of 17 in group A and 0 of 15 in group B have died (p < 0.01); seven of the nine deaths were from late congestive ...
Shall The Journal be Removed to Washington?
Authors: J. W. Holiday
Journal: JAMA (1891)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Had I a dozen votes on the location ofThe Journalnot one of them would be cast for Washington; it should, in my opinion, be published at some central point: Chicago, Cincinnati, or St. Louis; but if it is to go East, let it be to Philadelphia, New York, or Boston. Washington is the place for many things of National importance;—a quiet place for legislators to meet—it is a National burying ground full of monuments; there can be found the remains of many men, things, and enterprises; in fact hundreds of clever, live men are buried there in the various departments yearly, but Washington is not the place for the headquarters of the American Medical Association or its organ. Keep the one on wheels, the other in Chicago. Burlington, Ia., March 28, 1891.
Viral illness and the postpericardiotomy syndrome. A prospective study in children.
Authors: M AEngle, J BZabriskie, L BSenterfit, W AGay, J EO'Loughlin, K HEhlers
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Postoperative fever and pericardial-pleural reaction, designated postpericardiotomy syndrome (PPS), is a common complication of cardiac surgery involving entry into the pericardium. To determine whether the etiology of PPS is viral or immunologic, we undertook a prospective, triple-blind study of consecutive long-term survivors of intrapericardial surgery in the pediatric age group. We evaluated clinical evidence of syndrome and concurrent appearance of antiheart antibody (AHA) by indirect immunofluorescence and antiviral antibody (AVA) by complement fixation in sera preoperatively and serially postoperatively. Incidence of PPS was 27% overall in 400 subjects, but only 3.5% in infants younger than 2 years of age. AHA in high titer appeared in all patients with PPS. A fourfold or greater rise in titer to AVA was found in 70% of these but in only 5% of those with negative AHA and no PPS. AVA rise, tested in 280 consecutive patients, was to no single one of the eight viruses studied (adenovirus, cytomegalovi...
Electron probe analysis of sodium and other elements in hypertrophied and sodium-loaded smooth muscle.
Authors: J LJunker, A JWasserman, P FBerner, A PSomlyo
Journal: Circulation Research (1984)

The composition of normal, hypertrophied, or sodium-loaded rabbit portal anterior mesenteric vein and of normal and sodium-loaded guinea pig taenia coli smooth muscle was measured in cryosections with electron probe analysis, and the effects of wash with cold sodium-free (Lithium) solutions were determined. There was no significant difference in the cytoplasmic, nuclear, or mitochondrial concentrations of any of the measured elements (sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, sulfur) between hypertrophied, sham-operated, or control veins. The cytoplasmic potassium:sodium:chloride ratio in rabbit portal anterior mesenteric vein was 1:0.26:0.46, and the average sodium concentration (198 mmol/kg dry cytoplasmic weight) was nearly twice as high as estimated from ion flux measurements. The cytoplasmic sodium concentration of normal guinea pig taenia coli was 61 mmol/kg dry weight. The existence of a rapidly exchanging, relatively low affinity, and temperature-insensitive component of cytopla...
Morphological changes in isolated perfused dog lungs after acute hydrostatic edema.
Authors: D ODeFouw, P BBerendsen
Journal: Circulation Research (1978)

Morphometric data from stable (nonedematous) isolated dog lungs, perfused with nearly cell-free perfusates, were compared to similar stereological evaluations of isolated dog lungs after induction of severe acute hydrostatic edema. In the edematous lungs, capillary surface and volume densities were substantially increased. Alveolar surface density was also increased. Thicknesses of the endothelial and type I epithelial cellular compartments of the air-blood barrier were unchanged. Thickness of the interstitial compartmemt of the air-blood barrier was substantially increased and this, in turn, caused an overall increase in mean thickness of the barrier. Volume densities of the nonparenchymal connective tissue spaces surrounding the extra-alveolar vessels and airways were also increased. In both the endothelial and type I epithelial cells cytoplasmic volume densities of pinocytotic vesicles were increased. In addition, the number of vesicles opening onto the luminal and albuminal cellular surfaces increased...
Quantitation of venous clot lysis with the D-dimer immunoassay during fibrinolytic therapy requires correction for soluble fibrin degradation.
Authors: BBrenner, C WFrancis, STotterman, C MKessler, A KRao, RRubin, H CKwaan, K RGabriel, V JMarder
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Plasma cross-linked fibrin-degradation products were analyzed using a D-dimer (DD) immunoassay in patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or acute myocardial infarction (MI) treated with fibrinolytic therapy, and the results were correlated with clot lysis documented angiographically. In 13 patients with DVT, the mean DD concentration increased 10-fold (1,074 +/- 252 to 10,333 +/- 1,004 ng/ml) during therapy, but neither the peak level nor the DD concentration integrated over the course of therapy correlated with clot lysis. Since plasma DD can derive from degradation of soluble plasma fibrin as well as from thrombi, the contribution of the former was estimated by in vitro incubation of the pretreatment plasma with plasminogen activator. Subtraction of this value from the measured posttreatment DD concentration provided a  level that represented DD originating from lysis of thrombi. This modification resulted in improved correlation of DD levels with clot lysis. The mean corrected peak DD was ...
161P Real-world large-scale study of KRAS fusions in Chinese non-small cell lung cancer patients: A multicenter study (Yangtze River Delta Lung Cancer Cooperation Group-002)
Authors: D. Wang, W-X. Wang, C. Xu, J-Y. Chen, Y-C. Zhu, H. Wang, G-H. Yu, H-J. Feng, B-B. Song, L-P. Wang, W. Zhuang, M-Y. Fang, Q. Wang, G-S. Wang, Y. Song, S. Lu
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)