tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The effect of postoperative pathological findings related to the eligibility of adjuvant immunotherapy on oncologic outcomes in patients with locally advanced urothelial cancer.
Authors: Shingo Hatakeyama, Toshikazu Tanaka, Tomoko Hamaya, Kyo Togashi, Hiromichi Iwamura, Teppei Okamoto, Takahiro Yoneyama, Chikara Ohyama, Yuki Miura
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

254 Background: The CheckMate 274 trial demonstrated a benefit in disease-free survival (DFS) with adjuvant nivolumab therapy in patients at high risk of muscle-invasive UC and may become a standard of care in the future. In that study, postoperative pT3-4/ypT2-4 or pN+ was used as an inclusion criterion for the high-risk group, but the validity of this criterion in clinical practice remains unclear. Also, there is an urgent need for the proportion of patients who are eligible for adjuvant immunotherapy in clinical practice. We aimed to evaluate the effect of postoperative pathological findings related to the eligibility of adjuvant immunotherapy on oncologic outcomes in patients with localized and locally advanced muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma (MIBC) and upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 1082 patients treated with radical cystectomy (n = 597) and nephroureterectomy (n = 485) between January 2000 and April 2021. Patients were divided into two groups: pT3-4 or pN+ without neoadjuvant chemotherapy and ypT2-4 or pN+ treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (trial-eligible group) or others (trial-ineligible group). The primary outcome was the effect of trial eligibility for adjuvant immunotherapy on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Secondary outcomes included the additional effect of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) status to the clinical trial criteria on prognosis and a risk model development. Results: The median age of the patients was 69 and 72 years in the MIBC and UTUC groups, respectively. Fifty-two percent of patients met the trial inclusion criteria. Trial eligibility was significantly associated with poor DFS and OS among patients with MIBC and UTUC. LVI-positive status was significantly associated with poor prognosis among patients in the trial-eligible group. A very high risk (LVI+ or pN+ among the pT3-4 or ypT2-4) was significantly associated with poor prognosis. Conclusions: A total of 52% of patients were eligible for adjuvant immunotherapy. Trial eligibility was significantly associated with a poor prognosis. LVI+ and pN+ may play a key role in candidate selection for adjuvant immunotherapy.
Leg Ulcers: A Practical Approach to Management
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

invaluable in the distinction between Duchenne and Becker dystrophy and in the recognition, for example, of manifesting carriers of the Duchenne gene.Illustrations of this method would have been particularly helpful, just as it would have been useful to have more, for example, on the specialized techniques now available for the identification of T-cell sub-sets in biopsy specimens from patients with inflammatory myopathy.But as a volume to be kept on the bench in a pathology laboratory where muscle biopsies are processed, I can recommend it warmly.LORD
Risk stratification for relapsed/refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma integrating pretransplant Deauville score and residual metabolic tumor volume
Authors: Ho‐Young Yhim, Yael Eshet, Ur Metser, Katherine Lajkosz, Matthew Cooper, Anca Prica, Vishal Kukreti, Sita Bhella, Noémie Lang, Wei Xu, Danielle Rodin, David Hodgson, Richard Tsang, Michael Crump, John Kuruvilla, Robert Kridel
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2022)

Pretransplant Deauville score (DS) is an imaging biomarker used for risk stratification in relapsed/refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). However, the prognostic value of residual metabolic tumor volume (rMTV) in patients with DS 4-5 has been less well characterized. We retrospectively assessed 106 patients with relapsed/refractory cHL who underwent autologous stem cell transplantation. Pretransplant DS was determined as 1-3 (59%) and 4-5 (41%), with a markedly inferior event-free survival (EFS) in patients with DS 4-5 (hazard ratio [HR], 3.14; p = .002). High rMTV41% (rMTVhigh , ≥4.4 cm3 ) predicted significantly poorer EFS in patients with DS 4-5 (HR, 3.70; p = .014). In a multivariable analysis, we identified two independent factors predicting treatment failure: pretransplant DS combined with rMTV41% and disease status (primary refractory vs. relapsed). These two factors allow to stratify patients into three groups with divergent 2-year EFS: 89% for low-risk (51%; relapsed disease and either pretransplant DS 1-3 or DS 4-5/rMTVlow ; HR 1), 65% for intermediate-risk (28%; refractory disease and either DS 1-3 or DS 4-5/rMTVlow ; HR 3.26), and 45% for high-risk (21%; DS 4-5/rMTVhigh irrespective of disease status; HR 7.61) groups. Pretransplant DS/rMTV41% combination and disease status predict the risk of post-transplant treatment failure and will guide risk-stratified approaches in relapsed/refractory cHL.
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2018)

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare inflammatory neutrophilic dermatosis characterized by sterile inflammatory pustules that rapidly expand into ulcers with violaceous, undermined borders.Although PG can be idiopathic, it is often associated with medical comorbidities.In this cohort study, Ashchyan et al demonstrate that patients with PG younger than 65 years are more likely to have associated inflammatory bowel disease, while those 65 years or older are more likely to have associated inflammatory arthritides, solid organ and hematologic malignancies, and hematologic disorders.These data may allow development of algorithms to prioritize evaluation recommendations based on age.
Adjuvant Systemic Therapy and Adjuvant Radiation Therapy for Stage I-IIIA Completely Resected Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: ASCO Guideline Rapid Recommendation Update
Authors: Katherine Pisters, Mark G. Kris, Laurie E. Gaspar, Nofisat Ismaila
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

ASCO Rapid Recommendations Updates highlight revisions to select ASCO guideline recommendations as a response to the emergence of new and practice-changing data. The rapid updates are supported by an evidence review and follow the guideline development processes outlined in the ASCO Guideline Methodology Manual. The goal of these articles is to disseminate updated recommendations, in a timely manner, to better inform health practitioners and the public on the best available cancer care options.
Impact of different HER2 expression levels on the outcomes of second-line immunotherapy for metastatic urothelial carcinoma.
Authors: Siming Li, Xiaowen Wu, Xieqiao Yan, Li Zhou, Huayan Xu, Juan Li, Yiqiang Liu, Bixia Tang, Zhihong Chi, Lu Si, Chuanliang Cui, Jun Guo, Xinan Sheng
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

524 Background: Immunotherapy has become an option of second-line treatment for metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) after the failure of platinum-containing chemotherapy. HER2 expression is an adverse prognostic factor of urothelial carcinoma (UC) while the predictive value of HER2 expression in UC treatment remains unknown. This study attempts to explore the impact of different HER2 expression and gene amplification levels on the outcomes of second-line immunotherapy in metastatic UC. Methods: The baseline clinical data and the outcomes after second-line anti-PD-1 immunotherapy from 2017 to 2021 in 79 patients with metastatic UC who failed to the first-line platinum-containing chemotherapy were reviewed. The expression level of HER2 was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining ( Anti-Her2/neu, Cat.4B5, Ventana ) from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissue of patients. The copy number amplification level of HER2 gene was detected by second-generation sequencing (NGS) from FFPE tumor tissue of patients. The correlation between HER2 expression and objective response rate (ORR), median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. Results: HER2 expression levels by IHC were performed in 77 patients and the copy number (CN) amplification level of 20 patients with HER2 IHC 2+ were detected by NGS. The median PFS of HER2 negative (IHC 0), low expression (IHC 2 +/ CN - and IHC 1 +) and overexpression (IHC 3 + and IHC 2 +/ CN +) patients were 11.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4-20.6 months), 3.7 months (95% CI: 1.3-6.1 months) and 1.8 months (95% CI: 0.8-2.8 months), respectively, with significant difference in the overall comparison ( P = 0.001) and in the each two comparisons. ORR had a trend to decrease gradually with the increase of HER2 expression level from negative to overexpression (42.4% vs. 31.6% vs. 0%, P = 0.08). However, no correlation between HER2 expression and OS after anti-PD-1 immunotherapy was observed. Conclusions: Different HER2 expression levels have a significant impact on the PFS of the second-line anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma. The overexpression of HER2 (IHC 3 + and IHC 2 +/ CN +) may be an adverse factor, while the HER2-negative status may be a favorable factor. HER2 expression have potential value in predicting the efficacy of second-line immunotherapy for advanced urothelial carcinoma, which needs further research.
Abstract 17010: Metabolic Gene Expression and Mitochondrial Function Are Altered in the Failing Single Ventricle Myocardium
Authors: Anastacia M Garcia, Kathryn C Chatfield, Genevieve C Sparagna, Elisabeth K Phillips, Anis Karimpour-Fard, Brian L Stauffer, Carmen C Sucharov, Shelley D Miyamoto
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Despite current standard of care, heart failure (HF) remains a leading cause of death and indication for transplant in the single ventricle congenital heart disease (SV) population. However, little is known regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying remodeling and eventual HF in SV patients. The purpose of this study was to characterize the transcriptional profile of SV myocardium in both failing (SVHF) and non-failing (SVNF) SV patients compared to biventricular NF controls (BVNF). Furthermore, we conducted high resolution respirometry to assess mitochondrial function in each of these populations. Methods: Library prep was performed using the TruSeq Ribo Zero rRNA depletion kit, and 2x150 total RNAseq (Illumina HiSEQ 4000) was performed on age-matched explanted RV myocardium from BVNF (n=4 biventricular donors), SVNF (n=8 SV primary transplants, normal function), and SVHF (n=9 SV systolic HF transplants). Samples were aligned to hg19 and were normalized and annotated using the edgeR pipeline. Significant changes in gene expression were calculated using an FDR adjusted p-value (q&lt;0.1; p&lt;0.025). Respiration of myocardial mitochondria was measured using a stepwise protocol to evaluate respiratory capacity in an Oroboros Oxygraph system; n=6 SVHF, n=6 SVNF, n=18 BVNF. Results: RNAseq identified 1,007 differentially expressed genes in SVNF and 2,109 in SVHF myocardium relative to BVNF controls. Transcriptome pathway analysis demonstrated multiple pathways that are similarly dysregulated in SVNF and SVHF, while pathways involved in mitochondrial metabolism and function were significantly dysregulated specifically in the SVHF population. Moreover, mitochondrial oxygen flux was significantly decreased, particularly through complexes I and II, in SVHF relative to BVNF controls. Conclusions: Our results provide new insights into SVHF by identifying unique gene expression changes, including those related to metabolism, and impaired mitochondrial function. Together these data suggest dysregulated metabolic gene expression and mitochondrial dysfunction are phenotypes associated with the failing single ventricle and may serve as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment or prevention of HF in the SV population.
Abstract 312: Abnormal Computerized Tomography of the Brain Immediately After Return of Spontaneous Circulation is Not Associated With Death Following Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Paige Farley, Francis X Guyette, Adam Kessler, Adam Robinett, William Rushton, Patrick Siler, Jarred J Thomas, James S Booth, April Garrigan, Michael C Kurz
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Study Objectives: Many post-resuscitation programs routinely utilize immediate computerized tomography of the brain (CT head) following return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) to inform initiation of targeted temperature management (TTM) for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). We sought to compare the association of abnormal immediate CT head with clinical outcome. Methods: Included were consecutive adults with non-traumatic OHCA treated from 2010 to 2018 by two comprehensive post-resuscitation programs. We combined comparable, prospective OHCA registries of clinical and demographic data at each site with a retrospective, structured chart review to abstract results of CT head performed prior to TTM initiation. Using multivariable logistic regression, we evaluated the association between abnormal immediate CT head and death adjusting for age, sex, race, witnessed arrest, shockable initial rhythm, and site. Results: Among 172 patients with OHCA, characteristics were median age 60 years (IQR 50-69), male 62.7%, African-American 52.3%, witnessed arrest 85.4%, and shockable initial rhythm 31.3%. CT Head in these subjects was abnormal in 27.9% of cases, specifically demonstrating hypoxic edema in 22.0%. In adjusted models, death was associated with greater age (adjusted OR 1.03 95% CI 1.01-1.06), non-shockable initial rhythm (adjusted OR 3.82 95% CI 1.64-8.95), and longer total time pulseless (adjusted OR 1.02 95% CI 1.01-1.06). In contrast, hypoxic edema or other abnormal CT head readings were not associated with death. Conclusion: In this dual-site pilot investigation abnormal findings on immediate CT head following ROSC were not associated with death. Caution should be used when utilizing this imaging modality to inform treatment decisions following OHCA.
Cromolyn in combined gastrointestinal allergy
Authors: D. J. Salberg
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by Kocoshis and Gryboski entitled "Use of Cromolyn in Combined Gastrointestinal [GI] Allergy" (242:1169, 1979) is of interest, but I must take issue with several of their observations and conclusions. Food allergy was not established as the cause of GI disease in the subjects studied. Recently, investigators have recommended use of a double-blind food challenge to document food allergy.<sup>1,2</sup>Positive responses occurred within two hours of ingestion of the challenge substance. By contrast the authors did not use a double-blind oral challenge protocol. In addition, they accepted as positive any responses occurring up to 48 hours following ingestion of a test substance. Second, positive immediate-type skin test responses are frequently associated with positive double-blind oral challenges when the prick method is used.<sup>1,2</sup>However, the authors used intradermal skin test technique that will not distinguish as well between asymptomatic and symptomatic hypersensitivity.<sup>2</sup>The preparation
Address in Surgery
Authors: J. Hutchinson
Journal: BMJ (1895)

r Tx " 273 mnent.So far the greatest success has been in dealing with microbes outside the system, as in antiseptic surgery and preventive medicine, and further triumphs are to be hoped for in this direction, as, for example, in the prevention of tuberculosis.We have as yet little evidence of the power of antiseptics to follow and destroy the microbes when they have once got possession of the system.Quinine, however, kills the malarial plasmodium, and we have now the antitoxic 8serum.Apparently, too, one virus may be antagonistic to another, and an attack of small-pox has often seemed to cure phthisis.We must continue our efforts to apply antiseptic principles, but it is most important that we should not allow ourselves either to imagine that we have obtained effects which have not been realised, or to attribute results to anti- sepsis which may have come from other causes.It is not yet clear that any considerable impression has been made on the mortality from phthisis by guaiacol or creasote; and was not sulphuretted hydrogen, injected into the rectum, to -deliver us from this scourge?It was inevitable, again, that we should be greatly struck by the remarkable power of lowering the temperature pos- sessed by the antipyretic class of drugs.We seem to have within our reach the means of dealing with our most formidable enemy, and it is a great triumph to be able to point out to friends the effect of our remedy on the temperature chart, especially when it has been accompanied by relief of head- ache and other symptoms.Here it is very important that we should maintain an attitude of cool observation, and not conclude that in bringing down the temperature we have necessarily exerted a favourable influence on the course of 'the disease.We may have been bringing down also the patient, and it is not so certain that Nature does not know er business when she sets up febrile reaction.I feel myself justified in re-echoing the warning given by Dr. Douglas Powell on this point.But it is time that I should bring this long and disconnected address to a close, and in thanking you for the patient attention with which you have listened to it I congratulate you and myself that we live at a time when the art of medi-.cinehas made such progress, when science in its application to medicine has brought such marvellous and such beneficent aid to therapeutics, and when our beloved profession stands mo high in the estimation of the world.
Errata for July 1956 Issue Journal of the National Cancer Institute Volume 17
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1956)

Page 41: In the paper entitled “Quantitative Studies on the Multiplication of Neoplastic Cells in Vivo. III. Metabolic Stability of Deoxypentose Nucleic Acid and the Use of Labeled Tumor Cells for the Measurement of Growth Curves,” by Révész, Forssberg, and Klein, in table 2, second column under “Inoculum,” for “Dose” read “PNA:DNA.”
A Text-Book of Physiology.
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Use of Labor Neuraxial Analgesia for Vaginal Delivery and Severe Maternal Morbidity
Authors: Jean Guglielminotti, Ruth Landau, Jamie Daw, Alexander M. Friedman, Stanford Chihuri, Guohua Li
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Addressing severe maternal morbidity (SMM) is a public health priority in the US. Use of labor neuraxial analgesia for vaginal delivery is suggested to reduce the risk of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), the leading cause of preventable severe maternal morbidity.
Endometritis
Authors: R. Bell
Journal: BMJ (1886)

along bled profusely froni its whole surface, and by this time the patient had lost at least a pint of blood.A sponge was packed into the perineal wound, the suprapubic incisioni made, and the bladder opened above the puibes oIn the stone a matter of little difficulty, as the stone was pushing forwards the anlterior bladder-wall.The incision in the skin was exteilded upwards for about four inches from the pubic bone, the bladder-wall being opened for about two inches up to the reflection of the peritoneum.The lithotomy-forceps was again introduced, but had no power, and slipDped.There was the same difficulty as before.The midwifery-forceps of a neighbouring practitioner was now sent for, and, on its arrival, one blade was introduced at a time, as in an ordinary instrumental delivery.The entrance of the first blade was followed by a gush of putrid urine, which escaped over the abdominal wound, and must inevitably have run into the peritonleal cavity had it been opened.t1Ihis urine, about two ounces, was lying in the base of the bladder under the stone, and at a lower level than the urethral opening.The forceps being locked, the stone was easily removed by slow and gentle traction, the wound in the bladder expanding without laceration, and -no further obstruc- tion being encountered because of the long incision, through the superficial soft parts.The bladder-wall was very much thickened, and so vascular that it bled freely.Lying at the lowest part of the bladder was another small flat stone, which Wras now removed.The operation was completed by the introduction of two deep and three superficial sutures of catgut into the abdominal wound, leaving only the lower half open ; by stitching a full sized drainage-tube reaching the bladder into the perineal wound; by flushing out the bladder and wounds with boracic lotion; and, finally, by the intro- (luction of a large sponge, with Pean's forceps attached, into the bladder to stop the oozing from its interior still going on.The operationi occapied three quarters of an hour, including the delay occasioned by having to send for forceps.An hour afterwards, the sponge in the bladder was removed by means of the Pe'an's forceps, which was left attached, and all the bleeding had ceased.The patient had a fair pulse, but had not yet rallied from the cold, chloroform, and shock.August 16th, evening.Fair pulse, 110 ; temperature 97'.He had not yet recovered from the shock, and was inclined to be cold.A hypodermic injection of one-sixth of a grain of morphine was made, and some hot milk and water given.August 17th, itiooiming.Temperature 97'.The hands were still cool, buit the body warm and perspiring.He had had a good night; he had slept three or four houirs, anid had taken milk freely without sickness.1I'M., temperatur-e 97.6.pulse 112 ; 3.40 P.M., temiipera- tulre 99', pulse 12() ; 10 i'.., temperature 102.6', pulse 160.Ten graii)s of quirhine, anid teni grains of compouniid ipeeacuaiiha powder,
Government Services
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal