tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE TREATMENT OF DIPHTHERIA BY ANTITOXIN.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chymopapain injection—an often fruitless endeavor?
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE INFLUENCE OF ANTISEPTICS ON THE ACTIVITIES OF LEUCOCYTES AND ON THE HEALING OF WOUNDS
Authors: C. J. Bond
Journal: BMJ (1917)

SUBSTANCE TO PHAGOCYTOSIS ANND IMMNITy31.-.Is the course of this iniquiiry oni Antiseptics, Leucocytosis, and the Healing of Wouinds, I have cone across certain1 facts abotut the iodino reaction in leiwocytes and-otlher cells whiclt I think lhavo aii important bearing on plhagcwocytosis and imnntunity.It is, of coturse, already kmnow.nthat the white blood cells, especially the polvnmo-phis, in some infective diseases frequently aive a colour reaction with iodine, wlhiclh is regarded as evidence of the presClnce of glycogen in those cells.The folloWing observations show that even in, health a, large proportion of the whlite blood corpuscles normally, give, Under cc'rtain conditions, a colour reaction .witlhiodine, wliilt is.closely related to,-if not identical witlh,, thle so-called"glycogen reaction miiet wvitli in tlhe same cells in disease.T1'he reaction whlichl I aiml about to delscribe occurs not only in the white blood cells butt in miaany pus cells, in soine of tlhe cellular clemenits of granutlation tissue, in some marrow cells, anid in tllc cells of certain ciancerousl tumoirs.. Ilic IWhlUe Blood7 Cor)'iSClslS a()(1 the IO(li)IC Reaction in HIealth.If a d(rop of blood fromi the finger of a healtiby persoin be incubated for one hlour in a Polnder's plasticine( 'cell nt 37 C.the wlhite blood corpuscles einigrate out of tlhc clot and adlhere to the slide below and tlle cover-slip above.If tfce 's.-46 Th L &I6 aivnsstnzw IFBB. -3 J94 a
Abstract 17391: Use of Contrast-Enhanced Echocardiography for Evaluating Pulmonary Artery Pressure
Authors: Lauren Lee, Menhel Kinno, Robert Schultz, Bonnie Kane, Gregory Cascino, Kameswari Maganti
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) can be derived from maximum tricuspid regurgitation velocity (TRV) obtained from echo using a modified Bernoulli equation. However, PASP from an unenhanced echo only modestly correlates to invasively measured PASP. This study evaluates whether the accuracy of PASP from an echo can be improved by using contrast agents. Methods: Ninety consecutive patients undergoing clinically indicated right heart catheterization were recruited to perform simultaneous echo. TRV was measured in an echo unenhanced (UE), with agitated saline (AgS), and with echo contrast (EC) (routinely injected centrally, and peripherally in 21 patients). PASP was then calculated using the formula PASP=4(TRV 2 )+RAP, where RAP was estimated on echo by inferior vena cava collapsibility. Data was analyzed using paired t-test and linear regression (JMP Pro13). Results: Average age was 54 (±13) years with 58% males, 73% heart transplant recipients, and 38% with pulmonary hypertension. UE PASP was significantly lower than RHC PASP with a mean difference of -6.09 mm Hg (p&lt;0.001) and correlation coefficient of 0.57 (p&lt;0.001). In comparison, AgS PASP had a smaller mean difference of 0.41 mm Hg (p=0.641) and a higher correlation coefficient of 0.73 (p&lt;0.001). EC-enhanced echo also yielded a smaller mean difference (central: -1.82 mm Hg with p=0.049; peripheral: -3.21 mm Hg with p=0.095) and an even higher correlation coefficient (central: r=0.74; peripheral: r=0.81). Number of patients with accurate PASP from echo (defined as PASP difference &lt;10 mm Hg between echo and RHC) was improved from 65% (UE) to 77% (AgS), 82% (EC-central), and 71% (EC-peripheral). Conclusion: Echo with agitated saline yielded the closest mean PASP compared to invasivePASP, whereas echo with peripherally administered EC yielded the highest correlation coefficient. Echo enhancement with either Ags or EC can improve the accuracy of the estimated PASP compared to UE studies.
Mumps deafness.
Authors: A G Gordon
Journal: BMJ (1979)

paracetamol 650 mg was more effective than dextropropoxyphene 65 mg for the relief of pain following episiotomy.No greater benefit was derived by using the two drugs con- comitantly, and dextropropoxyphene alone was no better than a placebo.The analgesic !ffectiveness of Distalgesic is therefore largely due to its paracetamol content.There is no doubt that Distalgesic is popular among patients and it is common knowledge among general practitioners that once Distal- gesic has been prescribed for any length of time for whatever type of pain-but par- ticularly in musculoskeletal disease, where psychosomatic factors are so prevalent-it becomes increasingly difficult to stop or change it.But this resistance by the patient is not due to the analgesic effectiveness of Distalgesic.There are many reports in the literature4 S 6 that prolonged use of dextropropoxyphene leads to dependence.Your own leading article7 emphasises this and highlights the growing addiction to this drug, especially in the United States.It is this property of the drug and not its analgesic potency which makes it so popular.
Clinitest ingestion.
Authors: A Mallory, J W Schaefer
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Eight patients who had ingested Clinitest tablets were seen in one hospital over four years. Nineteen reported cases were also reviewed. Clinitest ingestion seems to be more common than was thought. Gastric lesions are common, though the frequency of serious sequelae has been overestimated in reports. Some features of Clinitest ingestion differ from those produced by ingesting other alkalis. These include a higher frequency of adult and accidental ingestion, a lower prevalence of pharyngeal lesions, and oesophageal strictures that tend to be more proximal, shorter, and earlier in onset. The incidence of accidental ingestion by adults would probably be reduced if other methods of testing urine were used in patients who are likely to misunderstand instructions or mistake the tablets for others and if Clinitest tablets could be made in a distinctive size and shape.
Spontaneous Haemopneumothorax
Authors: J. K. McMyn
Journal: BMJ (1947)

Spontaneous HaemopneumothoraxThe following account of two cases may be of interest in view of the article by Crawford and Shafar in the British Medical Journal of Jan. 19, 1946 (p.88).They refer to the rarity of the condition, only 43 cases having up to then been reported.Many of the points discussed by them are borne out by these cases.
Management of portal hypertension in patients treated with atezolizumab and bevacizumab for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Isabelle Ollivier-Hourmand, Manon Allaire, Jean Paul Cervoni, Delphine Weil, Violaine Ozenne, Pierre Emmanuel Rautou, Charlotte Bouzbib, Sabrina Sidali, Frédéric Oberti, Maeva Guillaume, Paul Castellani, Paul Calame, Sandrine Barge, Christophe Bureau
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2022)
Halothane hepatitis.
Authors: R Williams
Journal: BMJ (1971)

sive sweat causes incomplete recording of the finger impression.Further, "white lines" are common in normal people, particularly in those following certain occupations-for example, bricklayers, cement workers and housewives.These lines quickly disappear during periods of interruption of the relevant employment.Improvements observed during periods of treatment probably relate to con- comitant change in occupation rather than to the dietary management.-Weare, etc.,
Abstract 277: Prediction of Return of Spontaneous Circulation: Comparison of Cerebral Oximetry and End Tidal CO <sub>2</sub>
Authors: Thomas W. Engel, Craig Thomas, Patrick Medado, Brian Reed, Brian J O’Neil
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Predicting the outcome of a cardiac arrest (CA) is exceedingly difficult. Previous literature has identified end tidal CO 2 (ETCO 2 ) as a reasonable predictor of both return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and futility of resuscitation. Cerebral Oximetry (CerOx) measures the regional O 2 saturation of the frontal lobes of the brain utilizing non-invasive near infrared spectroscopy and has been correlated with cerebral oxygenation. Objectives: The objective of this study is to compare measurement of ETCO 2 and CerOx to predict ROSC during both out of hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) and emergency department cardiac arrests (EDCA). Methods: We conducted an IRB approved, prospective study on a convenience sample of patients suffering from OHCA and EDCA. Patients were monitored with ETCO 2 and CerOx simultaneously while CPR was being performed in the ED. All patients were evaluated to predict ROSC by six parameters utilizing area under the curve (AUC) values. Data was analyzed using logistic regression modeling. AUCs were compared using the Delong, Delong, and Clarke-Pearson method. Results: Overall, we analyzed 176 patients. The mean age was 62.3 ± 14.4 . 116 (66.7%)were witnessed arrest with 93 (53.8%) having received immediate CPR. The average downtime from EMS call to ED arrival was 39 minutes. The initial rhythm in these patients was 56 (31.8%) asystole, 49 (27.8%) PEA, 45 (25.6%) VF/VT, and non-shockable rhythm in 26 (14.8%) . ROSC was achieved in 46 (26.1%) of patients. The analysis of the individual variable prediction of ROSC, revealed: first value [CerOx AUC = 0.554 p = 0.1143 ; ETCO 2 AUC = 0.533, p = 0.3981], maximum value [CerOx AUC = 0.778 p &lt; 0.0001; ETCO 2 AUC = 0.616 p = 0.0849 ], trend over the last 5 minutes [CerOx AUC = 0.821 p &lt; 0.0001 ; ETCO 2 AUC = 0.744 p = 0.7354 ], delta from first to last value [CerOx AUC = 0.859 p &lt; 0.0001 ; ETCO 2 AUC = 0.734 p = &lt; 0.0001 ], average value of the penultimate minute of resuscitation [CerOx AUC = 0.814 p &lt;0.0001 ; ETCO2 AUC = 0.759 p = 0.0003 ], and average value of the final minute of the resuscitation [CerOx AUC = 0.886 p &lt; 0.0001 ; ETCO2 AUC = 0.770 p = 0.0001}. Conclusion: Our data shows that both ETCO2 and rSO2 are good predictors of ROSC. We found CerOx superior to ETCO 2 in predicting ROSC.
Abstract 17310: Outcome of Octogenarians Undergoing High Risk Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Percutaneous Mechanical Circulatory Support
Authors: M Chadi Alraies, Amir Kaki, Nimrod C Blank, Reema Hasan, Tamam Mohamad, Mahir Elder, Theodore C Schreiber
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: The procedural risks of high risk percutaneous coronary intervention (HRPCI) using mechanical circulatory support (MCS) for octogenarians have not been well established. Hypothesis: We sought to study the outcome of octogenarians (≥80 years) undergoing HRPCI with MCS compared with those who are &lt;80 years old Methods: Using the cVAD Registry, we identified a total of 1,273 complex high-risk indicated patients who underwent PCI with MCS using Impella 2.5 or Impella CP. Patients without cardiogenic shock who underwent elective or urgent intervention were included. A total of 259 (20.2%) were octogenarians and (79.6%) were &lt; 80 years old Results: octogenarians were older (84±3 vs. 65±8, p&lt;0.001), had less diabetes (39% vs. 55%, p&lt;0.001), higher STS score (9.1±8 vs. 4.6±6, P&lt;0.001) and higher baseline ejection fraction (35±116 vs. 27±15, P&lt;0.001). Despite higher STS score, octogenarians had no difference in in-hospital mortality, stroke, myocardial infarction or need for recurrent revascularization compared with non-octogenarians (p value insignificant for all comparisons). Ejection fraction improved in both octogenarians and younger patients at the time of discharge (28% to 32% and 31% to 38%, respectively, p&lt;0.0001) as well as NYHA class post PCI (NYHA Class III/IV 73% to 50% in octogenarians and younger patients, p&lt;0.001). Freedom from death and MACE 30 days follow up, was similar as well in octogenarians and younger patients (figure) Conclusions: the use of percutaneous circulatory support for HRPCI is reasonable and feasible in a selected octogenarian population with similar outcomes as those of younger selected patients. Irrespective of age, the use of Impella 2.5 was an independent predictor of favorable outcomes.
<i>QuickStats:</i>Percentage* of Children Aged 1–5 Years with Elevated Blood Lead Levels,† by Race/Ethnicity§ — National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, United States, 1988–1994, 1999–2006, and 2007–2014
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

From 1988-1994 to 2007-2014, the percentage of children aged 1-5 years with blood lead levels ≥5 μg/dL declined from 25.6% to 1.9%. Blood lead levels fell dramatically for all racial and ethnic groups. Despite the decline, in 2007-2014, non-Hispanic black children (4.0%) aged 1-5 years were twice as likely as non-Hispanic white children (1.9%) and more than three times as likely as Mexican American children (1.1%) to have elevated blood lead levels.
Eradicating tumor in a recurrent cervical cancer patient with autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and a modified lymphodepleting regimen
Authors: Jing Guo, Ning Luo, Guihai Ai, Weihong Yang, Jihui Zhu, Caixia Li, Rong Chen, Changbao Zhang, Shupeng Liu, Huajun Jin, Zhongping Cheng
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2022)

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy has shown promising results against several cancers. However, traditional lymphodepleting regimens are severe and represent a major limitation for a more widespread use of TIL. The modified pretreatment strategies may alleviate side effects and demonstrate the persistence of tumor-reactive T cells in the blood. Here, we report a case who was diagnosed recurrent cervical cancer with bladder metastasis. Omitting high dose of IL-2, she received intravenous dose of cyclophosphamide (20 mg/kg) for 3 days, approximately 48 hours before receiving the intravenous infusion of TILs. Half dosage (100 mg) of PD1 antibody was administered with purpose of neutralizing PD1 expressed on T cells surface. She achieved complete response 10 weeks after one-time TILs infusion. Adverse reactions were negligible and safely manageable in a general ward without the need for intervention from intensive care units. Time-course peripheral blood counts and TCR repertoire sequencing demonstrated a robust expansion and long-term persistence of the infused TILs. These results illustrated the potential value of modified lymphodepletion, followed by TILs for the treatment of patients with cervical cancer with local recurrence. Trial registration number, NCT04766320.
SURGERY OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

About twenty years ago one of the most celebrated surgeons in London made a public address in which he stated that surgery had reached its limits. To-day one of the most famous surgeons of this country announces that the birth of modern surgery dates back barely a quarter of a century. W. W. Keen, M.D., LL.D., ex-president of theAmerican Medical Association, in his critical survey of the "Progress of Surgery,"<sup>1</sup>traces in broad lines the effect of the two great discoveries in surgery— anesthesia and antisepsis—to their individual results in each branch of surgery; and shows what few surgeons themselves realize how vastly the proportion of human suffering has been lessened, and how greatly human life has been lengthened by the appliances of these discoveries. The desire to bring relief to suffering is too widely human to permit of a narrow national pride, but it can not, nevertheless,
Abstract 17337: Late Gadolinium Enhancement Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics Predict the Yield of Endomyocardial Biopsy in Patients With Suspected Cardiac Sarcoidosis
Authors: Ko-Hsuan Chen, Felipe Kazmirczak, Osama Okasha, Afshin Farzaneh-Far, Chetan Shenoy
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: In patients with suspected cardiac sarcoidosis, a definitive diagnosis of the condition can only be made in the presence of non-caseating granuloma on histological examination of myocardial tissue with no alternative cause identified. However, endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) has a low sensitivity - attributed to the focal nature of the disease - with a reported yield of &lt;25% in patients with a clinical diagnosis of sarcoidosis. We hypothesized that late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) characteristics on cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) would be associated with the diagnostic yield of EMB for suspected cardiac sarcoidosis. Methods: We studied 52 patients with suspected cardiac sarcoidosis that underwent both CMR and EMB and investigated associations between the EMB yield and LGE CMR characteristics: presence of LGE, presence of LGE in the septum, presence of LGE on the right ventricular (RV) side of the septum, extent of LGE, and extent of LGE on the RV side of the septum. The extent of LGE was measured using the 5SD method. The extent of LGE on the RV side of the septum was measured by tracing the RV border of the septum on all short-axis LGE images, and expressed as a percent of the total RV border with LGE. Results: Of 52 patients, non-caseating granulomas were noted in 9 (17.3%). Comparison of the markers between patients with and without positive EMB is provided. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses showed the largest area under the curve (AUC) for the extent of LGE on the RV side of the septum (0.92). A cut-off of &gt;14.7% of LGE on the RV side of the septum had a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 79% to predict the yield of EMB. Conclusions: In patients with suspected cardiac sarcoidosis undergoing EMB, the presence of LGE has 100% sensitivity but a low specificity for predicting the yield of EMB. Among LGE characteristics, the extent of LGE on the RV side of the septum has the highest AUC, and a cut-off of &gt;14.7% predicts a positive EMB with 100% sensitivity and 79% specificity. LGE CMR characteristics can help improve the yield of EMB in patients with suspected CS.
TiNivo-2: A phase 3, randomized, controlled, multicenter, open-label study to compare tivozanib in combination with nivolumab to tivozanib monotherapy in subjects with renal cell carcinoma who have progressed following one or two lines of therapy where one line has an immune checkpoint inhibitor.
Authors: Toni K. Choueiri, Laurence Albiges, Hans J. Hammers, Rana R. McKay, Daniel Yick Chin Heng, Katy Beckermann, Vijay Kasturi, Robert J. Motzer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

TPS405 Background: Tivozanib, a highly selective and potent vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has demonstrated single-agent efficacy in advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) along with minimal off-target toxicities and a favorable adverse event (AE) profile (Rini et al. Lancet Oncol 2020; 21:95-104). Tivozanib was approved by the FDA on March 10, 2021, for the treatment of patients with aRCC who had progressed on 2 or more prior lines of therapy. Tivozanib was combined with Nivolumab in the TiNivo trial (NCT03136627), showing an objective response rate of 56%, disease control rate of 96%, median PFS of 18.9 months and a favorable safety profile (Albiges et al. Ann Oncol. 2021 Jan;32(1):97-102). Methods: TiNivo-2 (NCT04987203) is a phase 3, randomized, controlled, multicenter, open-label study to compare tivozanib in combination with nivolumab to tivozanib monotherapy in subjects with renal cell carcinoma who have progressed following 1-2 lines of therapy including an immune checkpoint inhibitor. Eligibility criteria include age &gt;18 years, clear cell RCC, ECOG PS 0-1, and disease progression during or following at least 6 weeks of treatment with ICI for RCC. Subjects will be stratified by IMDC risk category and whether ICI was received in most recent line of treatment or not. On both arms, subjects will receive Tivozanib 1.34 mg orally once daily for 21 consecutive days followed by 7 days off. In the combination arm, subjects will also receive Nivolumab 480mg intravenously every 4 weeks. Study assessments include CT scan or MRI of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis every 8 weeks following Cycle 1 Day 1 for 2 years and every 12 weeks thereafter until disease progression is confirmed by independent radiology review. The primary objective is to compare the progression-free survival (PFS) of tivozanib in combination with nivolumab to tivozanib. A sample size of 326 subjects, with 191 events will provide at least 80% power to detect a 50% improvement in PFS, 12 mos v. 8 mos, as assessed by an IRR. Secondary endpoints include assessment of overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), and duration of response (DoR), as well as safety and tolerability. Exploratory endpoints are to assess the quality of life (FKSI-DRS and EORTC QLQ C-30) and to investigate the pharmacokinetics of tivozanib. TiNivo-2 is actively enrolling and planning to open at 190 sites in the United States, and the European Union. Clinical trial information: NCT04987203.
The Visual Fatigue of Motion Pictures: A World-Wide Summary and Survey.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Even at the present depreciated value of the dollar, the price of this booklet is about 55 cents too high. It purports to be a summary of current scientific opinion as to the question of visual fatigue in the movies but consists mostly of a series of quotations, a large share of which are either misquoted or else wrong. For example, "The iris of the eye represents a lens of a camera" or "Any eye which has an anomaly will suffer [from motion pictures] from one or more of the following symptoms, headaches, neuralgia, congestion of the conjunctiva, blinking, burning, black spots before the eyes, diminution in acuteness of vision, eyestrain, double vision, and blurred vision" and so on ad nauseam. Optometric opinions are quoted freely, as are lay opinions on ophthalmologic topics. The recently patented "shutter-spectacle" and the much publicized "Feinbloom telescopic lens," which has been in use by