tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rules Finalized for New Tobacco Product Approvals
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Impact of Previous Prostate Surgery on Surgical Outcomes for Patients Treated with Robot-assisted Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer
Authors: Giuseppe Rosiello, Pietro Piazza, Victor Tames, Rui Farinha, Artur Paludo, Stefano Puliatti, Marco Amato, Elio Mazzone, Ruben De Groote, Camille Berquin, Dries Develtere, Ralf Veys, Celine Sinatti, Riccardo Schiavina, Geert De Naeyer, Peter Schatteman, Paul Carpentier, Francesco Montorsi, Frederiek D'Hondt, Alexandre Mottrie
Journal: European Urology (2021)
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in blood donors from the Lodi Red Zone and adjacent Lodi metropolitan and suburban area
Authors: Irene Cassaniti, Elena Percivalle, Antonella Sarasini, Giuseppe Cambiè, Edoardo Vecchio Nepita, Roberta Maserati, Alessandro Ferrari, Alfonso Corcione, Raffaella Di Martino, Alice Bonetti, Annapia Di Napoli, Guglielmo Ferrari, Fausto Baldanti
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2021)
Gordon McVie: medical oncologist who helped drive the formation of Cancer Research UK
Authors: Janet Fricker
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Gordon McVie, the medical oncologist who helped orchestrate the merger of the Cancer Research Campaign (CRC) and Imperial Cancer Research Fund (ICRF) to form Cancer Research UK (CRUK), was a vociferous spokesman for patients with cancer. A “master of the media soundbite,” with an unerring ability to describe the most technical aspects of medicine in 15 seconds, McVie held the overriding belief that clinicians and researchers should put patients at the centre of everything they do. Renowned for his optimism, he also played pivotal roles in oncology drug development, and was an international “fixer,” bringing together oncology experts from across the globe.

“What’s so remarkable about Gordon is that his vision was so broad. None of us is a prophet, but my goodness he could see further than anyone I have ever met,” said Richard Sullivan, the director of the Institute of Cancer Policy at King’s College, London, and former clinical director of CRUK under McVie. “He saw the potential of social media and new online communication platforms decades before anyone else, and was as comfortable discussing deep cancer science as he was arguing policy. Above all, Gordon was a champion for patients and the public good. He was a hard, bloody minded advocate who never gave an inch to politicians.”

In 2002, as director general of the CRC, McVie, together with Paul Nurse, who led ICRF, championed the merger of the two charities to form CRUK, the largest charity in the world funding cancer research. Historically, the two charities had been rivals operating in distinctly different ways. CRC awarded grants to individual researchers who worked in academic departments, whereas ICRF owned its own research laboratories and employed scientists. “I had the initial idea, feeling it wasn’t very helpful to have the two organisations competing on the high street for …
Abstract 12573: Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Treatment Prevent Heart Failure and Ventricular Dyssynchrony in Genetic Non-ischemic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Satsuki Yamada, Timothy J Nelson, Garvan C Kane, Robert J McDonald, Almudena Martinez-Fernandez, Yasuhiro Ikeda, Carmen M Perez-Terzic, Andre Terzic
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: Derived by nuclear reprogramming of somatic tissue, induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells repair ischemic heart injury. The impact of this emerging platform in the treatment of non-isc...
High-dose versus standard-dose twice-daily thoracic radiotherapy for patients with limited stage small-cell lung cancer: an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial
Authors: Bjørn Henning Grønberg, Kristin Toftaker Killingberg, Øystein Fløtten, Odd Terje Brustugun, Kjersti Hornslien, Tesfaye Madebo, Seppo Wang Langer, Tine Schytte, Jan Nyman, Signe Risum, Georgios Tsakonas, Jens Engleson, Tarje Onsøien Halvorsen
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2021)
Abstract PO-031: Evaluating clinical utility of organs-at-risk segmentation in head &amp; neck cancer by simple open-source 3D CNNs
Authors: Joseph Marsilla, Benjamin Haibe-Kains
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract Open source code helps the scientific community converge to breakthroughs at an accelerated rate. Only one of 14 previous deep learning based OAR segmentation studies met most open-source standards. Using this study as a benchmark, we will assess the segmentation quality of each network discussed and provide the community with pre-trained weights of the top-performing models. 11 open-source 3D segmentation models originally engineered for medical image segmentation in both the 2D and 3D domains were trained to automatically segment 19 OaR classes. For this study, a large internally curated dataset from the University Health Network (UHN) of 582 patient scans was used. All models were tested on a hold out set from the 582 cohort of 59 patients. Models were also tested on 98 external patient scans from publicly available sources. 10 test set contours from the winning network were assessed by an expert radiation oncologist with 10+ years of experience to identify the observer of the contour set (whether AI or human). Preliminary results show that only 13 out of 20 scans were identified correctly. Results show that simple 3D architectures consistently outcompete more complex networks by producing more accurate, clinically acceptable contours. A more thorough clinical acceptability test is underway to establish a protocol for integrating deep learning based auto contouring models into radiation therapy planning workflows. Citation Format: Joseph Marsilla, Benjamin Haibe-Kains. Evaluating clinical utility of organs-at-risk segmentation in head &amp; neck cancer by simple open-source 3D CNNs [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Diagnosis, and Imaging; 2021 Jan 13-14. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2021;27(5_Suppl):Abstract nr PO-031.
Record drug deaths need radical response, says Scottish college
Authors: Bryan Christie
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Bold measures including the decriminalisation of the possession of illicit drugs must be considered by politicians in response to record numbers of drug related deaths in Scotland, says the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh.

Drug users in Scotland have the highest death rate in Europe with 1187 fatalities being recorded in 2018, the biggest number since records began in 1996.1

Although illegal drug use is seen primarily by some as a criminal justice matter, the report from the college says it is, increasingly, a …
Failing to address access to insulin in its centenary year would be a catastrophic moral failure
Authors: David Beran, Stephen Colagiuri, Nathalie Ernoult, Margaret Ewen, Cynthia Fleury, Molly Lepeska, Pauline Londeix, Elizabeth Pfiester, John S Yudkin, Stéphane Besançon
Journal: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2021)
Nitric oxide and bone: The phoenix rises again
Authors: Hanghang Liu, Clifford J. Rosen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2021)

The involvement of nitric oxide (NO) in preventing bone loss has long been hypothesized, but despite decades of research the mechanisms remain obscure. In this issue of the JCI, Jin et al. explored NO deficiency using human cell and mouse models that lacked argininosuccinate lyase (ASL), the enzyme involved in synthesizing arginine and NO production. Osteoblasts that did not express ASL produced less NO and failed to differentiate. Notably, in the context of Asl deficiency, heterozygous deletion of caveolin 1, which normally inhibits NO synthesis, restored NO production, osteoblast differentiation, glycolysis, and bone mass. These experiments suggest that ASL regulates arginine synthesis in osteoblasts, which leads to enhanced NO production and increased glucose metabolism. After a period when research slowed, these studies, like the legendary phoenix, renew the exploration of NO in bone biology, and provide exciting translational potential.
Abstract 15904: Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease Severity by Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography for Reclassifying Statin Eligibility Based on 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Guidelines in Asymptomatic Individual
Authors: Donghee Han, Bríain ó Hartaigh, Heidi Gransar, Ji Hyun Lee, Asim Rizvi, Lohendran Baskaran, Joshua Schulman-Marcus, Philipp Kaufmann, Benjamin Chow, Gilbert Raff, Kavitha Chinnaiyan, Filippo Cademartiri, Erica Maffei, Todd Villines, Yong-Jin Kim, Jonathon Leipsic, Gudrun Feuchtner, Ricardo Cury, Gianluca Pontone, Daniele Andreini, Tracy Callister, Hugo Marques, Ronen Rubinshtein, Augustin DeLago, Daniel Berman, Stephan Achenbach, Leslee Shaw, Martin Hadamitzky, Joerg Hausleiter, Allison Dunning, Mouaz Al-Mallah, Matthew Budoff, Fay Y Lin, Hyuk-Jae Chang, James K Min
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: The 2013 ACC/AHA cholesterol management guidelines advocate the use of statin treatment for prevention of CVD. We aimed to determine the usefulness of coronary computed tomographic an...
Private provider was wrong to dismiss psychiatrist and refer her to the GMC, tribunal rules
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2021)

A large private provider of mental health services tried to discourage a psychiatrist from telling a coroner that heroin had been found in a dead patient’s room and later seized an opportunity to sack her unfairly over her treatment of another patient, an employment tribunal has ruled.

Ambreen Malik was suspended from her job as a consultant at Fountains Hospital in Blackburn, run by Cygnet Health Care, after making the disclosure to the coroner in March 2016. She was allowed back to work but only under …
Efficacy of avelumab plus axitinib (A + Ax) versus sunitinib (S) by number of IMDC risk factors and tumor sites at baseline in advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC): Extended follow-up results from JAVELIN Renal 101.
Authors: Yoshihiko Tomita, Robert J. Motzer, Toni K. Choueiri, Brian I. Rini, Hideaki Miyake, Mototsugu Oya, Laurence Albiges, Yosuke Fujii, Yoshiko Umeyama, Jing Wang, Alessandra Di Pietro, Manuela Schmidinger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

302 Background: In the phase III JAVELIN Renal 101 trial (NCT02684006), A + Ax demonstrated progression-free survival (PFS) and objective response rate (ORR) benefit across IMDC risk groups (favorable, intermediate, and poor) vs S in patients with previously untreated aRCC. Here we report efficacy of A + Ax vs S by number of IMDC risk factors (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4-6) and target tumor sites (1, 2, 3, and ≥4) at baseline from the second interim analysis of overall survival (OS). Methods: Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive A 10 mg/kg intravenously every 2 wk + Ax 5 mg orally twice daily or S 50 mg orally once daily for 4 wk (6-wk cycle). PFS and ORR per independent central review (RECIST 1.1) and OS were assessed. Results: At data cut-off (Jan 2019), median (m) follow-up for OS and PFS was 19.3 vs 19.2 mo and 16.8 vs 15.2 mo for the A + Ax vs S arm, respectively. The table shows OS, PFS, and ORR by number of IMDC risk factors and target tumor sites at baseline. A + Ax generally demonstrated efficacy benefit vs S across subgroups. Conclusions: With extended follow-up, A + Ax generally demonstrated efficacy benefit vs S across the number of IMDC risk factors and tumor sites at baseline in aRCC. OS was still immature; follow-up for the final analysis is ongoing. Clinical trial information: NCT02684006 . [Table: see text]
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices’ Interim Recommendation for Use of Janssen COVID-19 Vaccine — United States, February 2021
Authors: Sara E. Oliver, Julia W. Gargano, Heather Scobie, Megan Wallace, Stephen C. Hadler, Jessica Leung, Amy E. Blain, Nancy McClung, Doug Campos-Outcalt, Rebecca L. Morgan, Sarah Mbaeyi, Jessica MacNeil, José R. Romero, H. Keipp Talbot, Grace M. Lee, Beth P. Bell, Kathleen Dooling
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2021)

the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for the Janssen COVID-19 (Ad.26.COV2.S) vaccine (Janssen Biotech, Inc, a Janssen Pharmaceutical company, Johnson & Johnson; New
Abstract PO-080: Deep learning-based analysis of heterogeneity of breast cancer cells using lens-free digital in-line holography
Authors: Tzu-Hsi Song, Mengzhi Cao, Jouha Min, Hyungsoon Im, Hakho Lee, Kwonmoo Lee
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract Lens-free digital in-line holography (LDIH) produces cellular diffraction patterns from a large field of view that lens-based microscopes cannot achieve. It is a promising diagnostic tool allowing comprehensive cellular analysis with high-throughput capability. Since these diffraction images are far more complicated to discern, conventionally computational algorithms are used to reconstruct cellular images for the diffraction patterns. However, it is inefficient and prone to errors. Here, we developed a deep learning architecture, HoloNet to directly analyze the diffraction patterns from LDIH. In addition to the standard CNN (Convolutional Neural Network), the HoloNet includes a holo-branch that extracts large features from holograms and integrate them with the small features from the standard CNN. Using HoloNet, we accurately predicted the intensity values of ER/PR and HER2 in breast cancer cells and classified four known subtypes of breast cancer cells. Moreover, we applied a HoloNet dual embedding, which learns high-level diffraction features related to breast cancer cell types and the intensities of ER/PR and HER2. This allowed us to identify potential subtypes of breast cancer cells from the cell lines and the fine needle aspiration samples from breast cancer patients. We demonstrate that our HoloNet can enable LDIH to perform more detailed and rapid analyses of subtypes of breast cancer cells. Citation Format: Tzu-Hsi Song, Mengzhi Cao, Jouha Min, Hyungsoon Im, Hakho Lee, Kwonmoo Lee. Deep learning-based analysis of heterogeneity of breast cancer cells using lens-free digital in-line holography [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Diagnosis, and Imaging; 2021 Jan 13-14. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2021;27(5_Suppl):Abstract nr PO-080.
Reperfusion Treatment and Stroke Outcomes in Hospitals With Telestroke Capacity
Authors: Andrew D. Wilcock, Lee H. Schwamm, Jose R. Zubizarreta, Kori S. Zachrison, Lori Uscher-Pines, Jessica V. Richard, Ateev Mehrotra
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2021)

Telestroke is increasingly used in hospital emergency departments, but there has been limited research on its impact on treatment and outcomes.To describe differences in care patterns and outcomes among patients with acute ischemic stroke who present to hospitals with and without telestroke capacity.Patients with acute ischemic stroke who first presented to hospitals with telestroke capacity were matched with patients who presented to control hospitals without telestroke capacity. All traditional Medicare beneficiaries with a primary diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke (approximately 2.5 million) who presented to a hospital between January 2008 and June 2017 were considered. Matching was based on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, hospital characteristics, and month and year of admission. Hospitals included short-term acute care and critical access hospitals in the US without local stroke expertise. In 643 hospitals with telestroke capacity, there were 76 636 patients with stroke who were matched 1:1 to patients at similar hospitals without telestroke capacity. Data were analyzed in July 2020.Receipt of reperfusion treatment through thrombolysis with alteplase or thrombectomy, mortality at 30 days from admission, spending through 90 days from admission, and functional status as measured by days spent living in the community after discharge.In the final sample of 153 272 patients, 88 386 (57.7%) were female, and the mean (SD) age was 78.8 (10.4) years. Patients cared for at telestroke hospitals had higher rates of reperfusion treatment compared with those cared for at control hospitals (6.8% vs 6.0%; difference, 0.78 percentage points; 95% CI, 0.54-1.03; P < .001) and lower 30-day mortality (13.1% vs 13.6%; difference, 0.50 percentage points; 95% CI, 0.17-0.83, P = .003). There were no differences in days spent living in the community following discharge or in spending. Increases in reperfusion treatment were largest in the lowest-volume hospitals, among rural residents, and among patients 85 years and older.Patients with ischemic stroke treated at hospitals with telestroke capacity were more likely to receive reperfusion treatment and have lower 30-day mortality.
Concordance of <i>BRCA1</i>, <i>BRCA2</i> (BRCA), and <i>ATM</i> mutations identified in matched tumor tissue and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) screened in the PROfound study.
Authors: Kim N. Chi, Alan Barnicle, Caroline Sibilla, Zhongwu Lai, Claire Corcoran, J. Andrew Williams, J Carl Barrett, Carrie A. Adelman, Ping Qiu, Ashley Easter, Simon Dearden, Elizabeth Harrington
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

26 Background: Not all mCRPC patients have available or sufficient tissue for multigene molecular testing. In the Phase 3 PROfound study, olaparib significantly improved radiographic progression-free survival compared with physician’s choice of abiraterone or enzalutamide in men with homologous recombination repair (HRR)-gene-mutated mCRPC (de Bono et al. N Engl J Med 2020). Overall, 31% of patients’ tissue samples failed molecular screening during the study, showing the need for additional testing methods to detect patients with HRR-gene-mutated cancers. We evaluated the utility of plasma-derived ctDNA to identify deleterious BRCA and ATM mutations in screened patients from PROfound. Methods: Tumour samples were prospectively tested at Foundation Medicine, Inc (FMI) using an investigational next-generation sequencing test (based on FoundationOne CDx) to inform trial eligibility. Matched ctDNA samples were sequenced at FMI with the FoundationOne Liquid CDx assay. Tissue samples were clinically heterogeneous regarding location and timing of collection; plasma samples were collected as part of screening in PROfound. Results: 81% (503/619) of ctDNA samples tested yielded a result, of which 491 had a tumour result. BRCA and ATM status in tissue compared with ctDNA reported 81% (95% CI 75–87%) positive percentage agreement (PPA) and 92% (95% CI 89–95%) negative percentage agreement (NPA), with tissue as reference (Table). Further concordance and discordance measures will be presented. Conclusions: High concordance between tumour tissue and ctDNA supports the development of ctDNA testing as a minimally invasive method to identify patients with HRR-gene-mutated mCRPC and guide treatment decisions, particularly for those with insufficient tissue for genomic analyses. Clinical trial information: NCT02987543. [Table: see text]
Reply to: Noxious cold stimulation: pro–con perspectives on the hypothermic effect on experimentally evoked cough
Authors: Imran Satia, Emma Iovoli, Kimberley Holt, Ashley A. Woodcock, John Belcher, Jaclyn A. Smith
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2021)

<b>Cold-induced pain inhibits cough responses to capsaicin, and this contrasts with the effect of whole-body exposure to cold environments in animal models, which heightens the cough responses to some inhaled irritants.</b>https://bit.ly/2MiZdN2
Abstract 13330: Sociodemographic and Clinical Determinants of Self-Care and Caregiver Contribution to Self-Care in a Context of Multiple Chronic Conditions
Authors: Paolo Iovino, Maria Matarese, Ercole Vellone, Davide Ausili, Maddalena De Maria, Karen Lyons, Lee Christopher, Silvia Lorini, Barbara J Riegel
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction: Multiple Chronic Conditions (MCC) are highly prevalent worldwide, especially in cardiac populations. Patients and caregivers contribute to MCC self-care, the process of maintaining il...