tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Treadmill test responses to an early exercise program after myocardial infarction: a randomized study.
Authors: E SSivarajan, R ABruce, B DLindskog, M JAlmes, LBelanger, BGreen
Journal: Circulation (1982)

The effects of an exercise program started early after myocardial infraction and the added effects of an outpatient teaching-counseling program were studied. At random, 84 patients were allocated to a control group (A), 88 patients to an exercise group (B1) and 86 patients to an exercise and teaching-counseling group (B2). The same exercise program was prescribed for patients in groups B1 and B2 and was started about 4.5 days after myocardial infarction and continued for 3 months. The outpatient teaching-counseling program consisted of eight group sessions pertaining to risk factor reduction and psychosocial adjustment to myocardial infraction. A low-level treadmill test and an exercise test were performed at 3 months and the exercise test was repeated at 6 months. The clinical, hemodynamic and electrocardiographic responses to these tests were not different among the three groups. However, by the end of 3 months, patients in group B1 and B2 reported walking greater distances than patients in group A. The...
Ischemia-induced epicardial vasoconstriction. A potential mechanism for distant myocardial ischemia.
Authors: AChu, D EChambers, C CLin, W DKuehl, F RCobb
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

This study evaluated the effects of transient coronary occlusion on the diameter of a nonischemic vessel or a nonischemic coronary segment proximal to the site of occlusion. Awake mongrel dogs chronically instrumented with dimension crystals, Doppler flow probes, and distal pneumatic occluders on the circumflex coronary arteries were subjected to transient 2-minute circumflex occlusions (n = 9) under constant heart rate (120 beats/min). Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure increased by 60% (from 10 +/- 1 to 16 +/- 2 mm Hg), and dP/dt decreased by 8% (from 2,048 +/- 130 to 1,885 +/- 110 mm Hg/sec); systemic hemodynamics were unaltered. Epicardial coronary diameter proximal to the site of occlusion decreased by 4.37% (from 3.62 +/- 0.25 to 3.46 +/- 0.29 mm, p less than 0.05). Constriction began 15-20 seconds after the onset of ischemia and progressed to maximum in 1-2 minutes. Combined alpha- and beta-receptor blockade (n = 8) with phentolamine (2 mg/kg) and propranolol (1 mg/kg) or cyclooxygenase inhibi...
Evaluation of a Strength-Training Program on Clinical Outcomes in Older Adults
Authors: Claudio R. Nigg, Barbara Resnick, David X. Marquez
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sulphasalazine in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: H L F Currey, D M C. de Saintonge
Journal: BMJ (1980)

<h3>Objective</h3> The primary purpose of the current study was to investigate the clinical applicability of Brain Network Activation (BNA), a novel event-related-potential (ERP)-based brain imaging technology, to assess cognitive changes following scopolamine-induced impairment. <h3>Design</h3> In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study subjects received scopolamine to induce cognitive impairment. An auditory oddball task was performed while high density EEG data was recorded before, during and 1 week after impairment reversal. <h3>Settings</h3> Research center (CRO). Clinical care not applicable. <h3>Participants</h3> Healthy volunteers of both genders aged 18–45 years. Fifteen participants were enrolled, 13 completed the study. <h3>Interventions</h3> 0.4 mg of scopolamine was administered subcutaneously. <h3>Main Outcome Measurements</h3> Brain network activity of subjects was evaluated and quantified using the BNA technology. Significant change in BNA scores across visits for each subject was identified by a Minimal Important Difference (MID) measure. MID defines the range of normal variability between scores from two repeated visits, based on an external control database (N=75). Changes in BNA scores which cross the MID indicate a significant level of cognitive impairment. <h3>Results</h3> A significant decline (p&lt;0.01) in BNA scores was observed as a result of scopolamine induced impairment, followed by a significant recovery (p&lt;0.001). At recovery, scores returned to baseline (p=0.58). MID analysis showed that the effect of scopolamine was significantly larger than that of placebo in individual subjects (p&lt;0.05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Pharmacologically induced cognitive impairment was successfully identified utilising the BNA technology. The technology could potentially be used clinically to provide functional information regarding network-based cognitive impairment associated with concussion.
The effect of antiarrhythmic drugs on depressed conduction and unidirectional block in sheep Purkinje fibers.
Authors: R WWald, M BWaxman, EDownar
Journal: Circulation Research (1980)

We studied the effect of therapeutic concentrations of lidocaine, procainamide, quinidine, propranolol, and diphenylhydantoin on two models of depressed conduction and unidirectional block produced by asymmetric focal cooling and crushing in sheep Purkinje fibers. All drugs were shown to induce reversible deterioration of conduction. Unidirectional block was converted to bidirectional block with each drug. Improvement of conduction was rare and conversion of unidirectional block to bidirectional conduction never was observed. These experiments suggest that all five drugs may act by a uniform mechanism of action in some reentrant ventricular arrhythmias involving a zone of depressed conduction or unidirectional block within the Purkinje network.
Receptor binding of angiotensin II and antagonists. Correlation with aldosterone production by isolated canine adrenal glomerulosa cells.
Authors: JDouglas, SSaltman, PFredlund, TKondo, K JCatt
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

The binding properties of the angiotensin II receptors of the adrenal cortex have been studied in isolated cells prepared by collagenase dispersion of the zona glomerulosa of the canine adrenal gland. Such cell preparations are responsive to physiological concentrations of angiotensin II, and permit correlation of binding of angiotensin II and its analogues with aldosterone production in vitro. Uptake of 125I-angiotensin II (5 X 10(-11) M) by glomerulosa cells at 37 degrees C reached a steady state at 45 minutes, with a subsequent plateau for at least 60 minutes. Angiotensin II binding was also dependent upon the hormone and cell concentrations employed during uptake studies. Bound angiotensin II was rapidly dissociated from canine adrenal cells after addition of the unlabeled octapeptide. High affinity sites with equilibrium association constant (Ka) of 3.3 X 10(9) M-1 comprised 25-33% of the receptor population and the remainder of the sites were of lower affinity, 2.5 X 10(8)M-1. Binding of angiotensin...
Myosin isoenzyme changes in several models of rat cardiac hypertrophy.
Authors: J JMercadier, A MLompré, CWisnewsky, J LSamuel, JBercovici, BSwynghedauw, KSchwartz
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

We studied the effect of chronic mechanical overloading on the isoenzyme composition of rat cardiac myosin in several experimental models: aortic stenosis (AS), aortic incompetence (AI), aortocaval fistula (ACF), overload of the non-infarcted area after left coronary ligation (INF), and overload of the spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Samples of the left and right ventricles were isolated from these hearts, and myosins were analyzed by electrophoresis in non-dissociating conditions. The myosin isoenzymes were called V1, V2, and V3 in order of decreasing mobility, according to the nomenclature of Hoh et al. Controls of the Wistar and Wistar Kyoto (WKY) strains were almost exclusively V1, A slow age-dependent shift toward V3 was observed in the left ventricles of adult Wistar rats, which at 30 weeks of age (body weight 600 g) contained approximately 15% of this form. In all models of cardiac hypertrophy, an isoenzymic redistribution was observed with a significant increase in V3. The level of V3 was s...
Malignant or Benign Subepithelial Tumors (Set) In The Upper Gastrointestinal Tract &lt;20MM: Curative and Diagnostic Endoscopic Resection: Retrospective Study of 102 Patients
Authors: F Caillol, E Meunier, C Zemmour, Ratone JP, C Pesenti, Y Dahel, S Hoibian, M Marcx, J Guiramand, F Poizat, M Giovannini
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Diagnosis of SET< 20mm in the upper part of gastrointestinal tract (UPGT) can be challenging. Accuracy of EUS-FNA is around of 46 % in case of SET < 20mm. To avoid long-term and coercing monitoring, endoscopic resection (ER) in case of suspicious malignant SET or in case of uncertain diagnosis was performed. The goal of this study was to confirm safety for ER for SET < 20mm.
Fetal cardiovascular morphology of truncus arteriosus with or without truncal valve insufficiency in the rat.
Authors: KMomma, MAndo, ATakao, SMiyagawa-Tomita
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDRecent advances in fetal echocardiography have necessitated further study on fetal in situ cardiovascular morphology of truncus arteriosus and the effects of truncal valve insufficiency.METHODS AND RESULTSWe studied 55 fetal rats with truncus arteriosus among 300 fetuses from 40 virgin females treated with 200 mg fertilysin on the 10th day of pregnancy. After rapid whole-body freezing on the 21st day, the fetuses were studied by means of serial cross-sectional photographs of the frozen thorax. Thirty-five fetuses with a normal heart treated with fertilysin served as controls. Truncus arteriosus was characterized by a large ventricular septal defect, a solitary artery (truncus arteriosus) overriding the ventricular septum, the right and left pulmonary arteries originating from the truncus arteriosus with or without a common trunk (main pulmonary artery), and absent ductus arteriosus. Fetuses with truncal valve insufficiency had thick truncal valves, a large truncus arteriosus, and large ventricle...
54P Determining the utilization and clinical impact of platinum-etoposide for treatment of small cell lung cancer in the routine setting
Authors: K. Dimitriou, F. Bozorgmehr, S. Liersch, R. Elshafie, J. Kuon, L-A. Dinges, T. Eichkorn, C-P. Heussel, F. Eichhorn, H. Winter, M. Schneider, F. Herth, M. Steins, A. Stenzinger, M. Thomas, P. Christopoulos
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Effects of atropine on induction and maintenance of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia.
Authors: DWu, PDenes, RBauernfeind, R CDhingra, CWyndham, K MRosen
Journal: Circulation (1979)

The electrophysiologic effects of atropine were studied in 14 patients with dual atrioventricular (AV) nodal pathways and recurrent paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT). During PSVT, all patients used a slow pathway (SP) for antegrade and fast pathway (FP) for retrograde conduction. Atropine enhanced both SP antegrade and FP retrograde conduction, shown by a decrease in paced cycle lengths (atrial and ventricular) producing AV and ventriculoatrial block. Five patients had induction of sustained PSVT before and after atropine. Seven patients failed to induce or sustain PSVT before atropine, because of retrograde FP refractoriness. All seven had induction of sustained PSVT after atropine due to facilitation of FP retrograde conduction. Two patients had only single atrial echoes before atropine, reflecting SP antegrade refractoriness. After atropine, sustained PSVT was inducible in one, and nonsustained in the other, PSVT cycle length could be compared in seven patients before and after atropine an...
Ventricular atrial natriuretic factor in the cardiomyopathic hamster model of congestive heart failure.
Authors: H AFranch, R ADixon, E HBlaine, P KSiegl
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

Cardiac atria are thought to be the principle source of plasma atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), a potent natriuretic and diuretic peptide. Whether other ANF production sites are recruited in disease states exhibiting elevated plasma ANF levels is not known. Accordingly, in the cardiomyopathic hamster, an animal model of congestive heart failure with high circulating levels of ANF, contribution of ventricular tissue to total cardiac ANF production and storage was investigated. Measurements were made of immunoreactive ANF in plasma and in atrial and ventricular extracts as well as ANF mRNA levels in the atria and ventricles from normal and cardiomyopathic golden Syrian hamsters. Plasma ANF levels were higher in cardiomyopathic than in control animals. The atrial concentration of ANF (per milligram atrial weight) was 50% and 83% lower in moderate and severe congestive heart failure, respectively, when compared with controls, while atrial ANF mRNA content of cardiomyopathic hamsters was not significantly diff...
Effects of cations, phospholipases, and neuraminidase on calcium binding to "gas-dissected" membranes from cultured cardiac cells.
Authors: G ALanger, L MNudd
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

Sarcolemmal membranes prepared by gas dissection from monolayers of cultured neonatal rat heart cells were studied with respect to their ability to bind calcium. Lanthanum displacement of calcium was 168 +/- 7 nmol/mg sarcolammel protein. This represents 3.21 mmol Ca/kg dry weight original cells on the basis of the measured membrane protein: dry cell weight ratio of 19.1 g/kg. Lanthanum-displaceable calcium from whole cells was essentially equal (3.32 mmol/kg dry weight), which indicates that all calcium displaceable from whole cells by lanthanum is localized to sarcolemmal sites. The potency of a series of divalent cations for calcium displacement from the sarcolemma was according to similarity of their crystal radii to that of calcium (cadmium greater than manganese greater than magnesium). This order was the same for the cations' ability to displace calcium from whole cells and for their ability to uncouple excitation from contraction in neonatal papillary muscle. The membranes were treated with four...
Electrophysiological effects of left ventricular hypertrophy. Effect of calcium and potassium channel blockade.
Authors: P RKowey, T DFriechling, JSewter, YWu, ASokil, JPaul, JNocella
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDTo define the arrhythmogenic effects of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in the intact heart, we carried out a detailed electrophysiological assessment in our previously validated feline aortic-banding model and then tested the effects of agents that blocked either the slow inward calcium or voltage-dependent potassium channel.METHODS AND RESULTSWe measured intraventricular and interventricular conduction times, excitability thresholds, ventricular effective refractory periods, and monophasic action potential duration at several sites in cats with LVH as well as in concurrent control (sham-operated) cats. In addition, we assessed vulnerability to ventricular arrhythmia using direct measurement of ventricular fibrillation (VF) thresholds and by standard techniques of programmed stimulation. Despite finding no difference between LVH and sham-operated cats in mean values for several electrophysiological parameters, the former group was significantly more vulnerable to VF, with more spontaneous VF...
Comment on: Chen et al. Utilizing the Second-Meal Effect in Type 2 Diabetes: Practical Use of a Soya-Yogurt Snack. Diabetes Care 2010;33:2552–2554
Authors: Christopher K. Rayner, Jing Ma, Karen L. Jones, Michael Horowitz
Journal: Diabetes Care (2011)

Chen et al. (1) recently reported that a high protein, low carbohydrate “snack” taken 2 h before breakfast leads to a reduction in the postbreakfast glycemic excursion of some 40% in patients with well-controlled type 2 diabetes. The suggested mechanism was suppression of plasma free fatty acids, with a concomitant increase in the storage of glycogen in muscle. We agree that the dramatic improvement in postprandial glycemia following a protein “preload” has substantial implications for the dietary management of type 2 diabetes, but take issue with the authors’ assertion that this is the first time that such an effect has been demonstrated, and …
Effect of prolonged nitrate therapy on left ventricular remodeling after canine acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: B IJugdutt, M IKhan
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDProlonged nitrate therapy during healing between 2 days and 6 weeks after anterior myocardial infarction has the potential for limiting further left ventricular remodeling (or changes in topography) and preserving function. Longterm therapy throughout healing over 6 weeks might be more beneficial than short-term therapy over the first 2 weeks after infarction.METHODS AND RESULTSThe effect of prolonged nitrate therapy between 2 days and 6 weeks during healing after infarction on serial parameters of ventricular remodeling (scar expansion, scar thinning, ventricular dilation, and hypertrophy) and function (asynergy or akinesis plus dyskinesis and ejection fraction) by serial two-dimensional echocardiography, hemodynamics, postmortem topography (computerized planimetry, geometric maps, and radiographs), and collagen content (hydroxyproline) was studied in 64 instrumented dogs randomized 2 days after left anterior descending coronary artery ligation to various nitrate regimens (n = 32) over the firs...
Human C-Reactive Protein Does Not Promote Atherosclerosis in Transgenic Rabbits
Authors: TomonariKoike, ShujiKitajima, YingYu, KazutoshiNishijima, JifengZhang, YukioOzaki, MasatoshiMorimoto, TeruoWatanabe, SucharitBhakdi, YujiroAsada, Y. EugeneChen, JianglinFan
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background— Although there is a statistically significant association between modestly raised baseline plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) values and future cardiovascular events, the debate is still unsettled in regard to whether CRP plays a causal role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Methods and Results— We generated 2 lines of transgenic (Tg) rabbits expressing human CRP (hCRP). The plasma levels of hCRP in hCRP-Tg-1 and hCRP-Tg-2 rabbits were 0.4±0.13 (n=14) and 57.8±20.6 mg/L (n=12), respectively. In addition, hCRP isolated from Tg rabbit plasma exhibited the ability to activate the rabbit complement. To define the role of hCRP in atherosclerosis, we compared the susceptibility of hCRP-Tg rabbits to cholesterol-rich diet-induced aortic and coronary atherosclerosis with that of non-Tg rabbits. After being fed with a cholesterol-rich diet for 16 weeks, Tg and non-Tg rabbits developed similar hypercholesterolemia and lesion sizes in both aortic and coronary arteries. Immunohistochemical staining and...
Cardiovascular effects of leukotrienes in neonatal piglets. Role in hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction
Authors: C WLeffler, J AMitchell, R SGreen
Journal: Circulation Research (1984)

We investigated the effects of exogenous leukotriene D4, synthesis inhibitors, and a leukotriene receptor antagonist upon chloralose anesthetized, mechanically ventilated, neonatal piglets with constant left pulmonary blood flow and upon piglets with uncontrolled pulmonary blood flow. Leukotriene D4 (100-10,000 ng, intravenously) caused dose-dependent increases in peak tracheal pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance, and systemic arterial pressure. In a limited number of experiments, cardiovascular responses to exogenous leukotriene C4 were qualitatively similar but quantitatively less than those to leukotriene D4. Neither treatment with diethylcarbamazine or the lipoxygenase inhibitor nordihydroguaiaretic acid, nor with the leukotriene receptor antagonist, FPL55712, altered any baseline cardiovascular parameter measured, suggesting the absence of any influence of leukotrienes on resting hemodynamics. Hypoxia or hypoxia combined with mild hypercapnia caused pulmonary vasoconstriction. Neither treatment w...
A Complete Pancreatico-Biliary Exploration Performed With A New Slim Linear Echoendoscope
Authors: J Iglesias-Garcia, R Mejuto, J Lariño-Noia, D De la Iglesia-Garcia, A Jardi-Cuadrado, A Quiroga-Castiñeira, JE Dominguez-Muñoz
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims To compare the maneuverability and image quality of a newly developed slim linear echoendoscope with the slim standard in the evaluation of bilio-pancreatic diseases.
Myoplasmic calcium, myosin phosphorylation, and regulation of the crossbridge cycle in swine arterial smooth muscle.
Authors: C MRembold, R AMurphy
Journal: Circulation Research (1986)

Our objective was to test the hypothesis that changes in crossbridge phosphorylation in the swine carotid media are due to changes in the myoplasmic calcium concentration. The photoprotein aequorin was loaded intracellularly by incubation in a series of calcium-free solutions. This loading procedure did not affect subsequent stress development, myosin light chain phosphorylation, or ultrastructure. The time course of light production, myosin light chain phosphorylation, shortening velocity at zero load, and active stress were measured in three stimulus protocols: depolarization with 109 mM potassium chloride at 22 degrees C, 37 degrees C, and 37 degrees C, followed by a reduction in potassium chloride to 20 mM to induce stress maintenance with basal phosphorylation (latch). Light-predicted intracellular calcium concentration was found to correlate with myosin phosphorylation and unloaded shortening velocity. The calcium concentration required for half-maximal myosin phosphorylation was approximately twice...
Pharmacologic conversion and suppression of experimental canine atrial flutter: differing effects of d-sotalol, quinidine, and lidocaine and significance of changes in refractoriness and conduction.
Authors: G KFeld, NVenkatesh, B NSingh
Journal: Circulation (1986)

The electrophysiologic determinants of conversion and the prevention of atrial flutter are poorly defined. This issue was therefore investigated by evaluating the effects of the new class III antiarrhythmic drug d-sotalol and the class I antiarrhythmic drugs quinidine and lidocaine. Atrial flutter was reproducibly induced in the open-chest anesthetized dog with intercaval crush and rapid atrial pacing. In this preparation, intravenous d-sotalol restored sinus rhythm in 14 of 15 (93%) dogs, whereas quinidine converted nine of 15 (60%) and lidocaine two of 10 (20%). d-Sotalol prevented reinduction in eight (53%), whereas quinidine was effective in four (27%) and lidocaine in none (0%). In the atria, d-sotalol induced significant increases in effective refractory period (+32%; p less than .01), functional refractory period (+30%; p less than .01), conduction time at an atrial paced cycle length of 150 msec (+9%; p less than .05), and atrial flutter cycle length (+8%; p less than .01). Quinidine increased eff...