tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Exosome: A novel neurotransmission modulator or non-canonical neurotransmitter?
Authors: Xiaohuan Xia, Yi Wang, Ying Qin, Shu Zhao, Jialin C. Zheng
Journal: Ageing Research Reviews (2022)

Neurotransmission is the electrical impulse-triggered propagation of signals between neurons or between neurons and other cell types such as skeletal muscle cells. Recent studies point out the involvement of exosomes, a type of small bilipid layer-enclosed extracellular vesicles, in regulating neurotransmission. Through horizontally transferring proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, exosomes can modulate synaptic activities rapidly by controlling neurotransmitter release or progressively by regulating neural plasticity including synapse formation, neurite growth & removal, and axon guidance & elongation. In this review, we summarize the similarities and differences between exosomes and synaptic vesicles in their biogenesis, contents, and release. We also highlight the recent progress made in demonstrating the biological roles of exosome in regulating neurotransmission, and propose a modified model of neurotransmission, in which exosomes act as novel neurotransmitters. Lastly, we provide a comprehensive discussion of the enlightenment of the current knowledge on neurotransmission to the future directions of exosome research.
Transactions of the Medical Society of the State of West Virginia. Seventeenth Annual Session.
Authors: None C. E. W.
Journal: JAMA (1885)

This comprises numerous reports and contributions. Dr. R. W. Hall, after a discussion of the effects of great irregularities of the surface on atmospheric changes concludes, that during that part of the year in which the surface of the country is cooler than the atmosphere, there must be conditions very favorable to the development of diseases affecting the respiratory organs and such other diseases as are influenced by sudden changes of temperature. In connection with the report of a case of œsophagotomy by Fleming Howell, M.D., for the removal of a silver half dollar, it is interesting to note that that coin seems to about measure in its diameter the maximum distensibility of the organ, moderate force being sufficient to introduce it beyond the convenient reach of instruments, the subsequent spasm of the œsophagus rendering operation necessary. Dr. W. H. Sharp presents a lengthy review of the literature and opinions
Response to ‘Correspondence on ‘Prevalence and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with autoimmune diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis’’ by Gremese<i>et al</i>
Authors: Shintaro Akiyama, Shadi Hamdeh, Dejan Micic, Atsushi Sakuraba
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)
Mechanisms of lumen enlargement through rotational atherectomy and PTCA compared with PTCA alone in patients with in-stent restenosis: Intravascular ultrasound results from the ARTIST trial Philipp K. Haager, Rainer Hoffmann, Birger Horn, Heinrich G. Klues, Francois Schiele, J�rgen vom Dahl. University Hospital RWTH, Aachen, Germany
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
A comparison of left atrial size by two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography and magnetic endocardial catheter mapping Vickas V. Patel, Jian-Fang Ren, Erica S. Zado, Dusan Z. Kocovic, Francis E. Marchlinski, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Electronic fetal monitoring. Council on Scientific Affairs
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Marriages
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Covid-19 — Implications for the Health Care System
Authors: Otto Yang
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

domain antibodies, a finding that is in agreement with other reports, 3,4 and apparently have more stable levels (Fig. 1B), although this latter finding requires further confirmation.In response to Bölke et al., their few longitudinal IgG data points mostly show rising antibodies up to day 50, followed by a decline that is compatible with our findings.The study by Wang et al. 5 to which they refer assessed antibody levels with the use of optical-density measurements for less than 43 days after symptom onset, possibly missing later decay.Thus, these findings do not refute our results.Finally, very recent reports of well-documented cases of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection appear to validate our concerns that declining antibody levels may reflect waning immunity.In the context of our findings, these reports also raise questions about the likelihood of natural herd immunity.Whether a vaccine can give more prolonged responses to promote herd immunity remains to be determined.
Increase of natriuresis by low-dose spironolactone in congestive heart failure only in combination with ACE-inhibition Michael Christ, Daniela Fraccarollo, Georg Ertl, Norbert Gretz, Martin Wehling, Johann Bauersachs. Institute of Clin. Pharmacology, Mannheim, Germany, Med. Universit�tsklinik, Wuerzburg, Germany
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
WORKSHOP: H PYLORI - DUODENAL ULCER TRIALS
Authors: Dy Gurer, H Graham, R El- Zimaity, H Pylori, Wyatt Knight, A Wilson, S Greaves, D Newell, K Hegels, M Corlett, D Forman
Journal: Gut (1995)

Background: It is commonly accepted that some types of gastritis are more prevalent in certain regions of the world than in others.However, histopathologic studies performed in different areas may not be comparable, because many features of gastritis lack well defined reproducible criteria.Objectives: To have the same group of pathologists compare type, intensity and topographic distribution of H. pylori-gastritis associated with duodenal ulcer in several groups of young patients from different areas of the world.Methods: Patients aged 20 to 40 with documented duodenal ulcer were recruited in institutions in South Africa, Jordan, Korea, India, and United States.From each patient 6 to 8 biopsy specimens were obtained according to our mapping protocol, sent to our laboratory in Houston where they were stained with the Genta stain.The following features were evaluated using a 6- point visual analog scale: density of H. pylon, neutrophils, mononuclear cells, atrophy, and intestinal metaplasia.All specimens with intestinal metaplasia were subsequently stained with an Alcian blue/High Iron Diamine stain.Results: The prevalence of intestinal metaplasia in these patients is presented in the following table : COUNTRY
A WISE CORONER'S JURY AND EDDYISM.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 13: Suppressing Microtubule Detyrosination Reduces Stiffness and Improves Contractility in Human Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Benjamin L Prosser, Kenneth Bedi, Matthew Caporizzo, Christina Chen, Patrick Robison, Kenneth Margulies
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

The microtubule contribution to myocyte mechanics has been a controversial topic over the years. Utilizing high-speed, super-resolution imaging, we were recently able to directly observe microtubule behavior in working myocytes (Robison et al., Science 2016). Strikingly, we found that microtubules buckle like springs between sarcomeric attachment points, providing a mechanical resistance that limits sarcomere shortening and stretch. Further, we identified that post-translational “detyrosination” of microtubules regulates their attachment to the sarcomere, and thus the microtubule contribution to both passive and active mechanics. Here we present new data identifying microtubule detyrosination as a compelling therapeutic target for the treatment of human heart failure. Using quantitative mass spectrometry, we have probed the cytoskeletal changes that occur during the progression of human heart failure in over 40 patient samples at different stages and etiologies of disease. We find that progressive upregulation and stabilization of the structural cytoskeleton, particularly microtubules and intermediate filaments, is a robust hallmark of human heart failure. Next, we have performed detailed biophysical studies on isolated myocytes from explanted failing and non-failing human hearts. Using advanced imaging, single myocyte tensile tests and atomic force microscopy (e.g. Prosser et al., Science 2011; Robison et al. Science 2016), we have interrogated the contribution of detyrosinated microtubules to the active and passive mechanics of human myocytes. We find that by reducing microtubule detyrosination, we can robustly improve contractile function. Suppressing detyrosination significantly lowers passive stiffness at physiologic rates, while robustly improving contraction velocity, fractional shortening, and relaxation speed. Of note, the improvement in mechanics correlates with the severity of disease, as myocytes from end-stage patients show greater benefits than those from non-failing or compensated hypertrophic hearts. In conclusion, our work demonstrates pre-clinical efficacy for suppressing detyrosinated microtubules to improve myocyte mechanics in human heart failure.
Comparative negligence
Authors: L. J. Miller
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Traditionally, one of the standard defenses to a negligence action, including a professional liability suit, has been the doctrine of contributory negligence. This doctrine precludes recovery of damages by a person whose injury was, in part, caused by his or her own negligence, even if the negligence of the person being sued was also a proximate cause of the injury for which recovery would otherwise have been allowed. Courts have often been reluctant to apply the doctrine of contributory negligence because it can preclude recovery by a person whose negligence is substantially less than that of the person being sued. This is particularly true in professional liability actions due to the great disparity in medical knowledge between the patient and the physician. Thus, the defense of contributory negligence has been successful mainly in cases where the patient's conduct shows flagrant disregard for his own health or safety. To achieve more
Booster BNT162b2 optimizes SARS-CoV-2 humoral response in patients with myeloma: the negative effect of anti-BCMA therapy
Authors: Evangelos Terpos, Maria Gavriatopoulou, Ioannis Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, Alexandros Briasoulis, Sentiljana Gumeni, Panagiotis Malandrakis, Eleni-Dimitra Papanagnou, Magdalini Migkou, Nikolaos Kanellias, Efstathios Kastritis, Ioannis P. Trougakos, Meletios A. Dimopoulos
Journal: Blood (2022)
No beneficial effect of 24?28 hours abciximab infusion in aspirin and heparin treated acute coronary syndrome patients with elevated troponin without early revascularisation procedures: a GUSTO-IV ACS substudy S James, B Lindahl, P Venge, P Armstrong, E Barnathan, R Califf, M Simoons, E Topol, L Wallentin. Dept.of Cardiology, Uppsala, Sweden
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
COVID-19 testing in the UK
Authors: None The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2020)

During the past week, the UK has seen an alarming rise in COVID-19 cases. With a second wave of infections approaching, there is a need to adequately respond with a robust test and trace system. However, neither the testing nor the tracing system currently in place is prepared for the substantial increase in demand for tests. As autumn begins, we face the co-occurrence of schools and universities reopening, people returning to work, and the approach of the influenza season.
Municipal Characteristics of In-Home Death Among Care-Dependent Older Japanese Adults
Authors: Kazuhiro Abe, Ichiro Kawachi, Yuta Taniguchi, Nanako Tamiya
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

The provision of in-home and community end-of-life care has emerged as an important policy issue for aging populations around the world. Despite most patients expressing the wish to die at home (as opposed to in the hospital), substantial geographic variation persists in the prevalence of in-home death at the end of life.To assess the association of municipal characteristics with variation in the place of death among care-dependent older people in Japan.In this cross-sectional study using multilevel logistic regression, analyses were performed using national claims data under Japan's long-term care insurance system. The study population included long-term care insurance beneficiaries 65 years and older who died in 2015, excluding those who died from external causes, such as unintentional injuries. Data analyses were conducted from January 1 to April 31, 2021.Predisposing, enabling, and need factors at the individual and municipal levels according to a behavioral model.The outcome was whether individuals died at home or not.This cross-sectional study analyzed 544 836 decedents (median [IQR] age, 87 [81-91] years; 300 142 [55.1%] female). The proportion of in-home deaths was 10.3%. In the multilevel null model, 7.2% of the variance in the place of death was associated with municipal-level characteristics. Municipal characteristics were associated with more of the variance than were prefectural characteristics (2.7%). The largest proportional change (7.3%) in variance at the municipality level was observed when enabling factors (ie, medical and long-term care resources) were added to the model. Municipalities with a high proportion of in-home death were more likely to have a higher supply of clinics, physicians, and care workers providing in-home services per population, as well as a lower number of hospital beds and long-term care facility workers per population.In this cross-sectional study, municipal characteristics explained a substantial proportion of the geographic variance in in-home death in Japan. These results suggest that municipal policy makers need to ensure an adequate supply of clinics, physicians, and care workers providing in-home services to meet the preferences of care-dependent older people who wish to spend their final days at home.
Re: Cristina Masini, Cinzia Iotti, Ugo De Giorgi, et al. Nivolumab in Combination with Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy in Pretreated Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma. Results of the Phase II NIVES Study. Eur Urol. 2022;81:274–82.
Authors: Ye Lei, Yong Zhang, Nianzeng Xing
Journal: European Urology (2022)
Intravenous myocardial contrast echocardiography predicts left ventricular remodeling in patients with acute myocardial infarction Wolfgang Lepper, Otto Kamp, Jean Louis Vanoverschelde, Andreas Franke, Gert J. Sieswerda, Agnes Pasquet, Paolo Voci, Cees A. Visser, Peter Hanrath, Rainer Hoffmann. Medical Clinic I University RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany, Department of Cardiology University Hospital Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
FRANCE
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Atezolizumab and bevacizumab with transarterial chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma: The DEMAND randomized phase II clinical trial.
Authors: Enrico N. De Toni, Ilja Kubisch, Najib Ben Khaled, Jens Ricke, Julia Mayerle, Ursula Ehmer, Dirk Waldschmidt, Daniel Christoph Rössler, Bettina Oehrle, Michael Bitzer, Arne Kandulski, Philipp A. Reuken, Henning Wege, Max Seidensticker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

TPS492 Background: Atezolizumab and bevacizumab is the first approved immunotherapeutic regimen for first-line treatment of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The efficacy and tolerability of this regimen suggests that its use could be extended to the treatment of patients with intermediate-stage HCC in combination with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). The effect of TACE combined with atezolizumab and bevacizumab could improve response and tumor control as well as prevent disease progression in non-responders to TACE. Response to the early use of immunotherapy could also reduce the number and extent of TACE cycles needed to achieve tumor control, thereby contributing to the prevention of collateral damage to the liver parenchyma and preservation of liver function. Initiating immunotherapy first may also promote the access of circulating lymphocytes into tumor lesions. The DEMAND study investigates the efficacy and ideal sequence of TACE and immunotherapy in intermediate stage HCC. Methods: This investigator-initiated, multi-center, randomized, open-label phase 2 trial is the first study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of atezolizumab and bevacizumab prior to, or in combination with TACE in patients with unresectable HCC. 106 patients (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Stage A not amenable to curative therapy or B, Child-Pugh A or B7, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0 or 1, no prior TACE) will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either up-front atezolizumab and bevacizumab followed by TACE selectively directed against progressive lesions (Arm A, 53 patients), or TACE and synchronous treatment with atezolizumab and bevacizumab (Arm B, 53 patients). Patients receive study treatment until loss of clinical benefit or unacceptable toxicity for up to 24 months. The use of local ablation is allowed for the treatment of lesions which cannot be targeted sufficiently selectively by TACE, or of de-novo lesions. The primary endpoint is the 24-month survival rate; secondary endpoints include objective response rate, progression-free survival, safety and quality of life. Translational analyses aim at identifying predictive biomarkers and focus on immune cell phenotyping in tumor and peripheral blood, circulating tumor DNA and changes in the diversity of the gut microbiome. Recruitment is ongoing in 15 German centers with 21 of 106 patients randomized. Clinical trial information: NCT04224636.
Ventricular rate modulation during atrial fibrillation: Can sinus rate be achieved and maintained by computer controlled post ganglionic vagal stimulation? Kent A. Mowrey, Youhua Zhang, Shaowei Zhuang, Don W. Wallick, Don G. Hills, Todor N. Mazgalev. Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Drugs in the institutionalized elderly
Authors: Peter B. Zeldow, David C. Clark
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> We agree with Merrill and colleagues that personality factors are major determinants of a variety of personal and professional outcomes among medical students and physicians. However, our own findings indicate a more complex state of affairs than the model that they present. There is indeed a cluster of personality attributes, including self-esteem, locus of control, and self-confidence, which predicts subjective well-being in medical students both concurrently and up to 2 years later.<sup>1,2</sup>In our research, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale is not the best measure to represent this cluster. Medical students are uniformly high in self-esteem compared with population norms, and 4 years of medical school do little to alter scores on this measure. We have elsewhere observed that those highest in self-esteem could probably profit from a touch of self-doubt or humility.<sup>1</sup>In other words, an absence of depressive symptoms during medical school does not necessarily
Outcome of the adult who presents with unoperated congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries Luc M. Beauchesne, Carole A. Warnes, Heidi M. Connolly, Naser M. Ammash, A Jamil Tajik, Gordon K. Danielson. Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)