tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The mitochondrial dicarboxylate carrier prevents hepatic lipotoxicity by inhibiting white adipocyte lipolysis
Authors: Yu A. An, Shiuhwei Chen, Yingfeng Deng, Zhao V. Wang, Jan-Bernd Funcke, Manasi Shah, Bo Shan, Ruth Gordillo, Jun Yoshino, Samuel Klein, Christine M. Kusminski, Philipp E. Scherer
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2021)
Human Representation Learning
Authors: Angela Radulescu, Yeon Soon Shin, Yael Niv
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (2021)

The central theme of this review is the dynamic interaction between information selection and learning. We pose a fundamental question about this interaction: How do we learn what features of our experiences are worth learning about? In humans, this process depends on attention and memory, two cognitive functions that together constrain representations of the world to features that are relevant for goal attainment. Recent evidence suggests that the representations shaped by attention and memory are themselves inferred from experience with each task. We review this evidence and place it in the context of work that has explicitly characterized representation learning as statistical inference. We discuss how inference can be scaled to real-world decisions by approximating beliefs based on a small number of experiences. Finally, we highlight some implications of this inference process for human decision-making in social environments.
Super-Enhancer-Associated Transcription Factors Maintain Transcriptional Regulation in Mature Podocytes
Authors: Jingping Yang, Difei Zhang, Masaru Motojima, Tsutomu Kume, Qing Hou, Yu Pan, Aiping Duan, Mingchao Zhang, Song Jiang, Jinhua Hou, Jingsong Shi, Zhaohui Qin, Zhihong Liu
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2021)

Transcriptional programs control cell fate, and identifying their components is critical for understanding diseases caused by cell lesion, such as podocytopathy. Although many transcription factors (TFs) are necessary for cell-state maintenance in glomeruli, their roles in transcriptional regulation are not well understood.
Abstract 14877: A Never Ending Tale of Pericarditis
Authors: Michel Ibrahim, Michael Fattouh, Omar Siddiqi, Alice K Jacobs
Journal: Circulation (2020)

Background: The evidence on recurrent pregnancy-related pericarditis is limited, and management strategies are based mainly on case reports and expert opinion. Case: A 25-year-old G2P1, 28-week pregnant female, with a history of presumed viral pericarditis complicated by pericardial tamponade and recurrent colchicine resistant pericarditis which was successfully treated with a prolonged steroid taper in the postpartum period, now 1 year in remission presents with shortness of breath and pleuritic chest pain with elevated inflammatory consistent with prior presentation of myo-pericarditis. A trans-thoracic echocardiogram (TTE) revealed a mild pericardial effusion without evidence of systolic dysfunction, and pericardial tamponade. Decision-Making: Given prior history of pregnancy related colchicine resistant pericarditis which was complicated by pericardial tamponade around her prior delivery time, it was decided by an interdisciplinary team involving rheumatology, cardiology and obstetrics, to initiate prednisone 10 mg daily. Symptoms subsequently subsided with a down trend of cardiac and inflammatory biomarkers. Daily 10 mg prednisone was to be continued up through delivery but within 2 months she presented yet again with a similar clinical picture and was diagnosed with recurrence of disease. Her prednisone was increased to 20 mg daily with symptom resolution. Two weeks later, she went into labor and received stress dose steroids. She had a normal spontaneous vaginal delivery without any complications. She continued the same dose of 20 mg of prednisone until her follow-up with rheumatology when the decision was made to initiate azathioprine and slowly titrate off the steroids. Conclusion: The case highlights not only the rare association between pregnancy and recurrent pericarditis but also the complexity of its management. The case of our patient underscores the importance of family planning, shared-decision making, and management by an interdisciplinary team comprised of rheumatology, obstetrics/gynecology, and cardiology. There are currently no known well controlled trials of therapy for pregnancy related idiopathic recurrent acute pericarditis.
P86.22 Anlotinib plus Docetaxel versus Docetaxel as 2nd Line Treatment in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Phase I/II Study
Authors: Y. Fang, H. Pan, J. Shou, W. Hong, X. Yang, D. Zhu, Y. Zhou, F. Lan, C. Rao, J. Chen
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
TFEB–GDF15 axis protects against obesity and insulin resistance as a lysosomal stress response
Authors: Jinyoung Kim, Seong Hun Kim, Hyereen Kang, Soyeon Lee, Shi-Young Park, Yoonil Cho, Yu-Mi Lim, Ji Woong Ahn, Young-Hwan Kim, Seungsoo Chung, Cheol Soo Choi, Yeon Jin Jang, Hye Soon Park, Yoonseok Heo, Kook Hwan Kim, Myung-Shik Lee
Journal: Nature Metabolism (2021)
Daunorubicin during Delayed Intensification Considerably Lowers the Incidence of Infectious Complications but Might Result in Decreased Disease-Free Survival Compared to Adriamycin in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia - a Randomized Comparison in Trial Coall 08-09.
Authors: Gabriele Escherich, Franziska Schramm, Martin Zimmermann, Martin A. Horstmann
Journal: Blood (2017)
Impact of early life geohelminths on wheeze, asthma and atopy in Ecuadorian children at 8 years
Authors: Philip J. Cooper, Irina Chis Ster, Martha E. Chico, Maritza Vaca, Yisela Oviedo, Augusto Maldonado, Mauricio L. Barreto, Thomas A. E. Platts‐Mills, David P. Strachan
Journal: Allergy (2021)

Early-life exposures to geohelminths may protect against development of wheeze/asthma and atopy.To study the effect of maternal geohelminths and infections in children during the first 5 years on atopy, wheeze/asthma and airways reactivity/inflammation at 8 years.Birth cohort of 2404 neonates followed to 8 years in rural Ecuador. Data on wheeze/asthma were collected by questionnaire and atopy by skin prick test (SPT) reactivity to 9 allergens. We measured airways reactivity to bronchodilator, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and nasal eosinophilia. Stool samples were examined for geohelminths by microscopy.1933 (80.4%) children were evaluated at 8 years. Geohelminths were detected in 45.8% of mothers and 45.5% of children to 5 years. Frequencies of outcomes at 8 years were as follows: wheeze (6.6%), asthma between 5 and 8 years (7.9%), SPT (14.7%), airways reactivity (10%) and elevated FeNO (10.3%) and nasal eosinophilia (9.2%). Any maternal geohelminth was associated with reduced SPT prevalence (OR 0.72). Childhood Trichuris trichiura infections during the first 5 years were associated with reduced wheeze (OR 0.57) but greater parasite burdens with Ascaris lumbricoides at 5 years were associated with increased wheeze (OR 2.83) and asthma (OR 2.60). Associations between maternal geohelminths and wheeze/asthma were modified by atopy. Parasite-specific effects on wheeze/asthma and airways reactivity and inflammation were observed in non-atopic children.Our data provide novel evidence for persistent effects of in utero geohelminth exposures on childhood atopy but highlight the complex nature of the relationship between geohelminths and the airways. Registered as an observational study (ISRCTN41239086).
Prime editing in mice reveals the essentiality of a single base in driving tissue-specific gene expression
Authors: Pan Gao, Qing Lyu, Amr R. Ghanam, Cicera R. Lazzarotto, Gregory A. Newby, Wei Zhang, Mihyun Choi, Orazio J. Slivano, Kevin Holden, John A. Walker, Anastasia P. Kadina, Rob J. Munroe, Christian M. Abratte, John C. Schimenti, David R. Liu, Shengdar Q. Tsai, Xiaochun Long, Joseph M. Miano
Journal: Genome biology (2021)

Abstract Background Most single nucleotide variants (SNVs) occur in noncoding sequence where millions of transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) reside. Here, a comparative analysis of CRISPR-mediated homology-directed repair (HDR) versus the recently reported prime editing 2 (PE2) system was carried out in mice over a TFBS called a CArG box in the Tspan2 promoter. Results Quantitative RT-PCR showed loss of Tspan2 mRNA in aorta and bladder, but not heart or brain, of mice homozygous for an HDR-mediated three base pair substitution in the Tspan2 CArG box. Using the same protospacer, mice homozygous for a PE2-mediated single-base substitution in the Tspan2 CArG box displayed similar cell-specific loss of Tspan2 mRNA; expression of an overlapping long noncoding RNA was also nearly abolished in aorta and bladder. Immuno-RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization validated loss of Tspan2 in vascular smooth muscle cells of HDR and PE2 CArG box mutant mice. Targeted sequencing demonstrated variable frequencies of on-target editing in all PE2 and HDR founders. However, whereas no on-target indels were detected in any of the PE2 founders, all HDR founders showed varying levels of on-target indels. Off-target analysis by targeted sequencing revealed mutations in many HDR founders, but none in PE2 founders. Conclusions PE2 directs high-fidelity editing of a single base in a TFBS leading to cell-specific loss in expression of an mRNA/long noncoding RNA gene pair. The PE2 platform expands the genome editing toolbox for modeling and correcting relevant noncoding SNVs in the mouse.
Selection for Cheaper Amino Acids Drives Nucleotide Usage at the Start of Translation in Eukaryotic Genes
Authors: Na L. Gao, Zilong He, Qianhui Zhu, Puzi Jiang, Songnian Hu, Wei-Hua Chen
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2021)

Abstract Coding regions have complex interactions among multiple selective forces, which are manifested as biases in nucleotide composition. Previous studies have revealed a decreasing GC gradient from the 5′-end to 3′-end of coding regions in various organisms. We confirmed that this gradient is universal in eukaryotic genes, but the decrease only starts from the ∼ 25th codon. This trend is mostly found in nonsynonymous (ns) sites at which the GC gradient is universal across the eukaryotic genome. Increased GC contents at ns sites result in cheaper amino acids, indicating a universal selection for energy efficiency toward the N-termini of encoded proteins. Within a genome, the decreasing GC gradient is intensified from lowly to highly expressed genes (more and more protein products), further supporting this hypothesis. This reveals a conserved selective constraint for cheaper amino acids at the translation start that drives the increased GC contents at ns sites. Elevated GC contents can facilitate transcription but result in a more stable local secondary structure around the start codon and subsequently impede translation initiation. Conversely, the GC gradients at four-fold and two-fold synonymous sites vary across species. They could decrease or increase, suggesting different constraints acting at the GC contents of different codon sites in different species. This study reveals that the overall GC contents at the translation start are consequences of complex interactions among several major biological processes that shape the nucleotide sequences, especially efficient energy usage.
P05.05 Real-World Data on Patients With Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT)
Authors: L. Van Der Woude, A. Van Der Wel, L. Van Bockel, I. Coremans, A. Dekker, C. Van Es, K. De Jaeger, H.P. Knol, W. Kolff, F. Koppe, J. Pomp, D. Schinagl, F. Spoelstra, C. Tissing-Tan, F. Ubbels, E. Vonk, N. Van Der Voort-Van Zijp, E. Wiegman, A. Van Der Geest, B. Reymen, D. Van Kampen, R. Damhuis, J. Belderbos
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Prognostication of patients with COVID-19 using artificial intelligence based on chest x-rays and clinical data: a retrospective study
Authors: Zhicheng Jiao, Ji Whae Choi, Kasey Halsey, Thi My Linh Tran, Ben Hsieh, Dongcui Wang, Feyisope Eweje, Robin Wang, Ken Chang, Jing Wu, Scott A Collins, Thomas Y Yi, Andrew T Delworth, Tao Liu, Terrance T Healey, Shaolei Lu, Jianxin Wang, Xue Feng, Michael K Atalay, Li Yang, Michael Feldman, Paul J L Zhang, Wei-Hua Liao, Yong Fan, Harrison X Bai
Journal: The Lancet Digital Health (2021)
P89.06 Prospective Concordance Study of a Multi-Gene PCR Assay and NGS for the Detection of Targetable Gene Alterations in Lung Cancer
Authors: S. Matsumoto, T. Ikeda, Y. Zenke, T. Kato, S. Sugawara, K. Nishino, I. Nakachi, H. Daga, N. Furuya, M. Morise, J. Sakakibara-Konishi, K. Yoh, K. Goto
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
MA11.04 Updated Efficacy, Safety and Dosing Management of Poziotinib in Previously Treated EGFR and HER2 Exon 20 NSCLC Patients
Authors: R. Cornelissen, M.C. Garassino, X. Le, J. Clarke, N. Tchekmedyian, J. Goldman, F. Lebel, G. Bhat, M. Socinski
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
P23.04 Primary Pulmonary Myxoid Sarcoma with EWSR1 Rearrangement: A Case Report
Authors: M. Nishina, H. Harada, A. Kamigaichi, K. Miyazaki, Y. Nishimura, K. Kawaguchi, Y. Matsumoto, K. Hirano, S. Shibata
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
P45.01 Lung Cancer Probability and Clinical Outcomes of Baseline and New Ground-Glass Opacity Nodules Detected on Low-Dose CT Screening
Authors: Y.W. Kim, B.S. Kwon, S.Y. Lim, Y.J. Lee, J.S. Park, Y. Cho, H.I. Yoon, K.W. Lee, J.H. Lee, C. Lee
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Improving the Health of the American Indian and Alaska Native Population
Authors: Thomas D. Sequist
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Author Correction: Transcription factor competition at the γ-globin promoters controls hemoglobin switching
Authors: Nan Liu, Shuqian Xu, Qiuming Yao, Qian Zhu, Yan Kai, Jonathan Y. Hsu, Phraew Sakon, Luca Pinello, Guo-Cheng Yuan, Daniel E. Bauer, Stuart H. Orkin
Journal: Nature Genetics (2021)
P02.06 A Novel Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Robust Detection of EGFR Mutations
Authors: Y. Saito, A. Matsui, S. Michiyuki, Y. Yamauchi, N. Takahashi, Y. Shimizu, Y. Sakao, M. Kawamura
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Impact of COVID-19 on study sites: Survey analysis from the noninterventional POLARIS study
Authors: D. Tripathy, J. L. Blum, G. Rocque, J. D. Cuevas, J. Specht, S. Corso, J. E. Francis, S. Mendez, V. Pope, J. Cappelleri, Y. Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2021)

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is negatively affecting patient enrollment, therapy administration, and patient visits in breast cancer clinical trials worldwide  COVID-19 may have a lasting impact on how clinical trials are conducted, and guidelines are necessary to inform trial design and patient safety  While many groups and journals have recently published guidelines, including NCCN, ESMO, IQVIA, and Lancet Oncology, there is no consensus on how to treat patients in the current environment  Understanding and quantifying the impact of the pandemic on clinical study sites will help inform the rational development of a consensus approach  The goal of this survey was to gather site-level data on the impact of COVID-19 from clinical sites participating in the POLARIS study (NCT03280303), an ongoing, prospective, real-world, noninterventional study in patients with hormone receptorpositive/ human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer receiving palbociclib plus endocrine therapy  Methods: Two rounds of questionnaires were sent to investigators at POLARIS study sites: 1 via email March 26-27, 2020, and 1 via telephone from April 30-May 20, 2020  The questions on COVID-19 impact and management are shown in the Table  Results: Eighty of 122 POLARIS study sites contacted responded to the March questionnaire, and 86 responded to the April-May questionnaire  In March, 33% (26/80) of the surveyed population were working predominantly remotely, 26% (21/80) were working both onsite and remotely, and 3 1% (25/80) were working onsite  Approximately 24% of sites reported delayed data entry  The option of telemedicine or office visits was offered to subjects at approximately 73% (58/80) of sites, and 11% (9/80) of sites were restricted to telemedicine visits  In April-May, 36% (31/86) of respondents reported an impact on study management and 64% (55/86) reported no impact  Approximately 94% (81/86) of surveyed sites felt they were able to maintain clinical studies despite the challenges due to COVID-19, and 79% (68/86) of sites had the option for telemedicine and/or office visits, while 18% (16/86) had no telemedicine alternative  In April-May, 38% of sites reported an impact on patient visits  Conclusion: Although these findings must be interpreted with caution due to the limitations of survey studies, the results suggest that approximately 1/3 of the study sites will experience an impact on their responsiveness to correspondence, timely data entry, and subject management due to the COVID-19 pandemic  Telemedicine may be used to mitigate the effect of the pandemic on clinical trial execution
Ceruloplasmin gene variants are associated with hyperferritinemia and increased liver iron in patients with NAFLD
Authors: Elena Corradini, Elena Buzzetti, Paola Dongiovanni, Stefania Scarlini, Angela Caleffi, Serena Pelusi, Isabella Bernardis, Paolo Ventura, Raffaela Rametta, Elena Tenedini, Enrico Tagliafico, Anna Ludovica Fracanzani, Silvia Fargion, Antonello Pietrangelo, Luca Vittorio Valenti
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2021)
Abstract 18380: Use of the Annual Angiogram After Heart Transplantation: Are They All Necessary?
Authors: Michael Johl, Tamar Aintablian, Sadia Dimbil, Ryan Levine, Michelle Kittleson, Jignesh Patel, David Chang, Evan Kransdorf, Lawrence Czer, Jon A Kobashigawa
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Introduction: Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) remains one of the major factors limiting long-term survival. According to the ISHLT registry, CAV incidence is approximately 30% at 5 years and 5...
Emerging agents and regimens for AML
Authors: Hongtao Liu
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2021)

Abstract Until recently, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients used to have limited treatment options, depending solely on cytarabine + anthracycline (7 + 3) intensive chemotherapy and hypomethylating agents. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (Allo-SCT) played an important role to improve the survival of eligible AML patients in the past several decades. The exploration of the genomic and molecular landscape of AML, identification of mutations associated with the pathogenesis of AML, and the understanding of the mechanisms of resistance to treatment from excellent translational research helped to expand the treatment options of AML quickly in the past few years, resulting in noteworthy breakthroughs and FDA approvals of new therapeutic treatments in AML patients. Targeted therapies and combinations of different classes of therapeutic agents to overcome treatment resistance further expanded the treatment options and improved survival. Immunotherapy, including antibody-based treatment, inhibition of immune negative regulators, and possible CAR T cells might further expand the therapeutic armamentarium for AML. This review is intended to summarize the recent developments in the treatment of AML.
Covid-19: Chile joins top five countries in world vaccination league
Authors: Alison Shepherd
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Since the beginning of the year Santiago airport in Chile has been busy distributing millions of covid-19 vaccines as the country has joined some of the world's richest nations at the top of the vaccination table.To date Chile has ordered over 88 million doses of vaccine, enough to fully vaccinate more than double its 19 million people.The government's ambitious goal is to vaccinate 80% of its population by June.This week around 25% had received at least one dose, putting Chile just behind Israel, the United Arab Emirates, and the UK in terms of jabs delivered.The strategy was developed last summer, when the government, realising that an effective programme could win back support from voters angry at its pandemic response, held early price negotiations with companies developing vaccines.It also invited AstraZeneca, Johnson & Johnson, Sinovac, and CanSino to hold phase III trials in the country.Its biggest order is for 66 million doses from the Chinese company Sinovac, one of which was given to President Sebastián Piñera in February, just days after the start of a drive to vaccinate all care home residents in Santiago.The city has been hit by more than a third of Chile's 812 344 infections.More than 20 000 Chileans have died from covid-19.
P84.07 Distribution and Therapeutic Outcomes of Intergenic Sequence-ALK Fusion and Coexisting ALK Fusions in Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients
Authors: C. Cai, Y. Tang, Y. Li, Y. Chen, P. Tian, Y. Wang, Y. Gong, F. Peng, Y. Zhang, M. Yu, K. Wang, J. Zhu, Y. Lu, M. Huang
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Survey—Many High School Students Have Experienced Violence
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
P75.08 KDM5C Mutation Is Associated with Better Immunotherapy Outcomes in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: K. Wang, Y.M. Lei, X. Wang, J. Duan, L. Cui, Y. Zhang, Z. Zhao, Y. Bai, X. Tan, D. Fu, C. Zhao, B. Yang, Y. Teng
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Demographic challenges and opportunities for child health programming in Africa and Asia
Authors: Danzhen You, Jan Beise, Sinae Lee, Jennifer Requejo, Kathleen Strong
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Demographic challenges and opportunities for child health programming in Africa and AsiaDanzhen You and colleagues call for child health programming to take into consideration changing population sizes and dynamics• Prioritising investments in children's health to reap the demographic dividend is critical in many countries in Africa and Asia