tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Real-world immunotherapy biomarker testing patterns and results for patients with advanced gastroesophageal cancers in the United States.
Authors: Rutika Mehta, Astra M. Liepa, Shen Zheng, Anindya Chatterjee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

255 Background: With the advent of immunotherapy as an option for gastric, gastroesophageal junction (GEJ), or esophageal cancer, guidelines recommend testing for mismatch repair (MMR) or microsatellite instability (MSI) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) at time of advanced cancer diagnosis. However, little real-world information is available on testing patterns and results for MMR/MSI and PD-L1. Methods: This study used the nationwide Flatiron Health electronic health record-derived de-identified database. Starting with a subset of 1594 patients (pts) from the Advanced Gastric/ Esophageal Cancer database who had initiated first-line (1L) treatment 01Jan2017-31Aug2020 and for whom additional abstraction for details on MMR/MSI and PD-L1 testing was conducted, adult pts with ≥3 months (mos) of follow-up were selected. 1L initiation was index date. For each biomarker, pts were classified as tested vs not. Pt and disease characteristics and test results were summarized. Testing relative to line of therapy and PD-1 inhibitor use were evaluated (data will be presented later). Results: Of 1142 eligible pts, 88% were initially diagnosed with advanced disease and 92% treated in community practice. 582 (51%) were tested for MMR/MSI and 571 (50%) for PD-L1; 451 pts were tested for both. MMR/MSI testing rates were 59% for gastric, 51% for GEJ, and 46% for esophageal. PD-L1 testing rates were similar across primary tumor sites (48-54%), but lower in those with squamous histology (38% for esophageal/GEJ). For both, testing increased over time with ̃40% in 2017 and 60% in 2020. For both, median number of tests per pt was 1 (range 1-6 for MMR/MSI, 1-4 for PD-L1). For both, mean time from initial diagnosis to first test was approximately 4 mos (&gt; 5 mos in pts in 2017 and &lt; 2 mos for those in 2020). Majority (&gt; 68%) of all tests used tissue from primary tumor site. 46% of all MMR/MSI tests were performed with immunohistochemistry and 43% with next-generation sequencing; 5% were dMMR/MSI-H. 71% of all PD-L1 tests were performed using the commercial 22C3 assay. Reported composite positive score (CPS) results are summarized below. Conclusions: Rates of MMR/MSI and PD-L1 biomarker testing are increasing and time relative to initial diagnosis is shortening. A high proportion of pts tested positive for PD-L1 with CPS &gt; 1. PD-L1 CPS varies by primary tumor site, histology, and tissue collection site. In the new era of 1L immunotherapy, increased rates of testing and reduced time to testing are likely to make more meaningful impact on treatment decisions.[Table: see text]
A Natural Polyphenol Exerts Antitumor Activity and Circumvents Anti–PD-1 Resistance through Effects on the Gut Microbiota
Authors: Meriem Messaoudene, Reilly Pidgeon, Corentin Richard, Mayra Ponce, Khoudia Diop, Myriam Benlaifaoui, Alexis Nolin-Lapalme, Florent Cauchois, Julie Malo, Wiam Belkaid, Stephane Isnard, Yves Fradet, Lharbi Dridi, Dominique Velin, Paul Oster, Didier Raoult, François Ghiringhelli, Romain Boidot, Sandy Chevrier, David T. Kysela, Yves V. Brun, Emilia Liana Falcone, Geneviève Pilon, Florian Plaza Oñate, Oscar Gitton-Quent, Emmanuelle Le Chatelier, Sylvere Durand, Guido Kroemer, Arielle Elkrief, André Marette, Bastien Castagner, Bertrand Routy
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2022)

Several approaches to manipulate the gut microbiome for improving the activity of cancer immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are currently under evaluation. Here, we show that oral supplementation with the polyphenol-rich berry camu-camu (CC; Myrciaria dubia) in mice shifted gut microbial composition, which translated into antitumor activity and a stronger anti-PD-1 response. We identified castalagin, an ellagitannin, as the active compound in CC. Oral administration of castalagin enriched for bacteria associated with efficient immunotherapeutic responses (Ruminococcaceae and Alistipes) and improved the CD8+/FOXP3+CD4+ ratio within the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, castalagin induced metabolic changes, resulting in an increase in taurine-conjugated bile acids. Oral supplementation of castalagin following fecal microbiota transplantation from ICI-refractory patients into mice supported anti-PD-1 activity. Finally, we found that castalagin binds to Ruminococcus bromii and promoted an anticancer response. Altogether, our results identify castalagin as a polyphenol that acts as a prebiotic to circumvent anti-PD-1 resistance. The polyphenol castalagin isolated from a berry has an antitumor effect through direct interactions with commensal bacteria, thus reprogramming the tumor microenvironment. In addition, in preclinical ICI-resistant models, castalagin reestablishes the efficacy of anti-PD-1. Together, these results provide a strong biological rationale to test castalagin as part of a clinical trial. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 873.
Erratum to: “IL-33/ST2 pathway regulates neutrophil migration and predicts outcome in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis”
Authors: Florent Artru, Mohammed Bou Saleh, François Maggiotto, Guillaume Lassailly, Massih Ningarhari, Julie Demaret, Line-Carolle Ntandja-Wandji, Jean-Paul Pais de Barros, Julien Labreuche, Elodie Drumez, Doumet Georges Helou, Sébastien Dharancy, Emilie Gantier, Axel Périanin, Sylvie Chollet-Martin, Ramon Bataller, Philippe Mathurin, Laurent Dubuquoy, Alexandre Louvet
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2021)
Research brief
Authors: Jane Bradbury
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2014)

Pre-existing broadly cross-reactive CD8 T lymphocytes (CTLs) might provide some protection against the H7N9 influenza A virus. A study reports that 28% of the H7N9 peptides with the capacity to elicit CTL responses are conserved in other influenza A viruses and that these peptides are presented by HLA class I molecules that vary in prevalence by ethnicity. Consequently, indigenous Alaskans and Australians might be particularly susceptible to H7N9 infection. A separate study identifies other genetic and immunological characteristics that are associated with susceptibility to fatal H7N9 infection.
Effects of biventricular pacing on cardiac myocytes apoptosis Cristina TostiGuerra, Maria Cristina Porciani, Alessandra Sabini, Andrea Colella, Antonio Michelucci, Paolo Pieragnoli, Nicola Musilli, Cristina Ciapetti, Gian Franco Gensini, Luigi Padeletti. Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Florence, Italy, Institute of Internal Medicine, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Authors’ Reply
Authors: Daniel Batlle, Maria Jose Soler, Paul A. Welling, Sundararaman Swaminathan
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2020)

In our Perspective article, we aimed to discuss the emerging mechanisms that might be involved in the pathophysiology of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)–associated AKI and emphasized the need for more information. At the time of writing, data were largely limited to the two studies from China
Perioperative Cardiovascular Considerations Prior to Elective Noncardiac Surgery in Patients With a History of COVID-19
Authors: Nidhi Rohatgi, Nathaniel R. Smilowitz, Risheen Reejhsinghani
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2022)

Surgery in Patients With a History of COVID-19Patients with cardiovascular risk factors (eg, age, hypertension, diabetes, obesity) and established cardiovascular disease (CVD) have excess morbidity and mortality with COVID-19. 1 Acute cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 can include myocardial injury, acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, arrhythmias, dysautonomia, and thromboembolism. 1 It remains unknown whether these cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 persist beyond the acute phase of illness.Prior studies indicate that hospitalization with non-COVID-19 pneumonia may be associated with an increased risk of CVD up to 10 years after the initial infection. 2any COVID-19 survivors are resuming routine clinical care and being referred for elective surgery.It is unclear if a history of recent COVID-19 warrants additional preoperative cardiac assessment.We outline key considerations for cardiac risk assessment in patients with recent COVID-19 undergoing evaluation for elective noncardiac surgery.In a large international prospective observational study from the GlobalSurg-COVIDSurg collaborative of 140 231 patients undergoing noncardiac surgery, 2.2% had a preoperative COVID-19 diagnosis. 3A majority of the patients with a preoperative COVID-19 diagnosis were younger than 70 years, were American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status class of 1 or 2, had revised cardiac risk index of 0 or 1, and reported either asymptomatic COVID-19 or experienced symptom resolution prior to the surgery.Among surgeries performed within 2 weeks of a COVID-19 diagnosis, 70.3% were emergent.The 30-day adjusted postoperative mortality was 3.6% to 4.1% in patients undergoing surgery within 7 weeks of a COVID-19 diagnosis, but only 1.5% in patients undergoing surgery 7 weeks or more after a COVID-19 diagnosis, similar to patients without a COVID-19 diagnosis.This association between postoperative mortality and the timing of COVID-19 diagnosis was observed irrespective of age, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status class, major or minor surgery, emergent or elective surgery, or COVID-19 symptom status (asymptomatic, ongoing, or resolved respiratory or nonrespiratory symptoms).Among patients undergoing surgery 7 weeks or more after a COVID-19 diagnosis, those with ongoing COVID-19 symptoms had substantially higher 30-day postoperative mortality (6.0%) when compared with asymptomatic patients (1.3%) or those with symptom resolution (2.4%).Unfortunately, perioperative cardiovascular complications and causes of death were not reported in these analyses.However, the postoperative incidence of pulmonary complications was also greater in
Society Proceedings
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Errors in Figures
Authors: Jessica Huston, Evan Brittain
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2020)

Maureen Sampson, BS; Clarence Ling, PhD; Qian Sun, PhD; Roa Harb, MD; Mohmed Ashmaig, PhD; Russell Warnick, BS; Amar Sethi, MD, PhD; James K. Fleming, PhD; James D. Otvos, PhD; Jeff W. Meeusen, PhD; Sarah R. Delaney, PhD; Allan S. Jaffe, MD; Robert Shamburek, MD; Marcelo Amar, MD; Alan T. Remaley, MD, PhD
Novel method for demonstrating heightened platelet reactivity in patients with coronary artery disease Peter Lochow, Howard J. Mass, Tatjana von Hardenberg, Conan Li, Bruce Lages, Jeffrey D. Lorin, M. Johan Broekman, Steven P. Sedlis, Aaron J. Marcus. New York University, New York, NY, New York Veterans Administration Medical Center, New York, NY
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
BOOK REVIEWS
Journal: Allergy (1963)

Book Review in This Articles: Rees B. Rees: Dermatoses Due to Environmental and Physical Factors. Charles C. Thomas Rehabilitation Problems in chronic Diseases . European Academy of Allergy, Proceedings of the study‐group Meeting. Physiotherapy in Allergic Diseases . Proceedings of the European Academy of Allergy III. Arthur Bobroff: Eczema, Its Nature, Cure and Prevention. Charles C. Thomas.
Clinical Features of Children with Polycythemia Vera, Essential Thrombocythemia, and Primary Myelofibrosis in Japan: Retrospective Nationwide Survey
Authors: Hisashi Ishida, Takeo Sarashina, Risa Matsumura, Katsutsugu Umeda, Tetsuo Mitsui, Naoto Fujita, Daisuke Tomizawa, Kevin Y Urayama, Yasushi Ishida, Takashi Taga, Masatoshi Takagi, Souichi Adachi, Atsushi Manabe, Toshihiko Imamura, Katsuyoshi Koh, Akira Shimada
Journal: Blood (2019)
Anti-RuvBL1/2 autoantibodies in patients with systemic sclerosis or idiopathic inflammatory myopathy and a nuclear speckled pattern
Authors: Jean-Baptiste Vulsteke, Yves Piette, Carolien Bonroy, Patrick Verschueren, Daniel Blockmans, Steven Vanderschueren, Kristl G Claeys, Petra De Haes, Jan Leo Lenaerts, Wim A Wuyts, Takashi Matsushita, Vanessa Smith, Ellen De Langhe, Xavier Bossuyt
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2022)
Efficacy of the adjuvanted subunit protein COVID-19 vaccine, SCB-2019: a phase 2 and 3 multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Lulu Bravo, Igor Smolenov, Htay Htay Han, Ping Li, Romana Hosain, Frank Rockhold, Sue Ann Costa Clemens, Camilo Roa, Charissa Borja-Tabora, Antoinette Quinsaat, Pio Lopez, Eduardo López-Medina, Leonardo Brochado, Eder A Hernández, Humberto Reynales, Tatiana Medina, Hector Velasquez, Leonardo Bautista Toloza, Edith Johana Rodriguez, Dora Ines Molina de Salazar, Camilo A Rodríguez, Eduardo Sprinz, José Cerbino-Neto, Kleber Giovanni Luz, Alexandre Vargas Schwarzbold, Maria Sanali Paiva, Josefina Carlos, May Emmeline B Montellano, Mari Rose A de Los Reyes, Charles Y Yu, Edison R Alberto, Mario M Panaligan, Milagros Salvani-Bautista, Erik Buntinx, Maya Hites, Jean-Benoit Martinot, Qasim E Bhorat, Aysha Badat, Carmen Baccarini, Branda Hu, Jaco Jurgens, Jan Engelbrecht, Donna Ambrosino, Peter Richmond, George Siber, Joshua Liang, Ralf Clemens
Journal: The Lancet (2022)
Response to: ‘Correspondence on ‘Paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 mimicking Kawasaki disease (Kawa-COVID19): a multicentre cohort’’ by Mastrolia<i>et al</i>
Authors: Charlotte Borocco, Marie Pouletty, Caroline Galeotti, Ulrich Meinzer, Albert Faye, Isabelle Koné-Paut, Naim Ouldali, Isabelle Melki
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Generating country-level political commitment will be critical to driving forward action throughout the United Nations Decade of Action on Nutrition (2016–2025). In this review of the empirical nutrition policy literature, we ask: what factors generate, sustain and constrain political commitment for nutrition, how and under what circumstances? Our aim is to inform strategic ‘commitment-building’ actions. <h3>Method</h3> We adopted a framework synthesis method and realist review protocol. An initial framework was derived from relevant theory and then populated with empirical evidence to test and modify it. Five steps were undertaken: initial theoretical framework development; search for relevant empirical literature; study selection and quality appraisal; data extraction, analysis and synthesis and framework modification. <h3>Results</h3> 75 studies were included. We identified 18 factors that drive commitment, organised into five categories: actors; institutions; political and societal contexts; knowledge, evidence and framing; and, capacities and resources. Irrespective of country-context, effective nutrition actor networks, strong leadership, civil society mobilisation, supportive political administrations, societal change and focusing events, cohesive and resonant framing, and robust data systems and available evidence were commitment drivers. Low-income and middle-income country studies also frequently reported international actors, empowered institutions, vertical coordination and capacities and resources. In upper-middle-income and high-income country studies, private sector interference frequently undermined commitment. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Political commitment is not something that simply exists or emerges accidentally; it can be created and strengthened over time through strategic action. Successfully generating commitment will likely require a core set of actions with some context-dependent adaptations. Ultimately, it will necessitate strategic actions by cohesive, resourced and strongly led nutrition actor networks that are responsive to the multifactorial, multilevel and dynamic political systems in which they operate and attempt to influence. Accelerating the formation and effectiveness of such networks over the Nutrition Decade should be a core task for all actors involved.
Activation of coagulation and hyperfibrinolysis in patients with aortic arch atheromatosis (AAA) as a risk factor for cerebral ischemia Hans-Joachim G. Siemens, Wladimir Mirau, Sabine Brueckner, Juergen Jahn, Abdolhamid Sheikzadeh. Department of Internal Medicine II, Luebeck, Germany
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Ischemia and reperfusion-induced changes in myocardial contrast and tissue doppler echocardiography patterns in a porcine model of patchy myocardial necrosis achieved by acute partial occlusion of the coronaries Philippe Garot, Marc Simon, Olivier Pascal, Saleh el Amine, Sophie Benacerraf, Luc Hittinger, Jean-Luc Dubois-Rand�, Pascal Gu�ret, Emmanuel Teiger. Hopital Henri Mondor, Creteil, France
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
THE CELIAC SYNDROME
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Continuous Glucose Monitoring Initiation Within First Year of Type 1 Diabetes Diagnosis Is Associated With Improved Glycemic Outcomes: 7-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Anagha Champakanath, Halis Kaan Akturk, G. Todd Alonso, Janet K. Snell-Bergeon, Viral N. Shah
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)

OBJECTIVE To evaluate long-term glycemic outcomes of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) initiation within the first year of type 1 diabetes diagnosis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Patients with type 1 diabetes (N = 396) were divided into three groups: 1) CGM (CGM use within 1 year of diabetes diagnosis and continued through the study), 2) no-CGM (no CGM use throughout the study), and 3) new-CGM (CGM use after 3 years since diabetes diagnosis). Patients were followed up to 7 years. RESULTS A1c was significantly lower in the CGM compared with the no-CGM group throughout 7 years of follow-up (least squares mean A1c values: 6 months, 7.3% vs. 8.1%; 1 year, 7.4% vs. 8.6%; 2 years, 7.7% vs. 9.1%; 3 years, 7.6% vs. 9.3%; 4 years, 7.4% vs. 9.6%; 5 years, 7.6% vs. 9.7%; 6 years, 7.5% vs. 10.0%; and 7 years, 7.6% vs. 9.8%; for all, P &amp;lt; 0.001) adjusting for age at diagnosis, sex, and insulin delivery method. CONCLUSIONS CGM initiation within first year of type 1 diabetes diagnosis results in long-term improvement in A1c.
A commentary on “Optimal management of large proximal ureteral stones (&gt;10mm): A systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 randomized controlled trials” (International Journal of surgery. 2020 July, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.06.025)
Authors: Ali Abdel Raheem, Ibrahim Alowidah
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2020)
Experience and outcomes in AIDS
Authors: M. F. Shapiro
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Hospitals long have been known to vary in their performances. In the last century, it was commonly thought that outcomes were worse when less experienced physicians were rendering care, as often was the case in public hospitals.<sup>1</sup>Recent developments in health services research have begun to provide data that may be used as basis for rational policy approaches to this long-standing problem. Investigators have developed creative strategies for analyzing administrative data that give considerable insight into the patterns of mortality among hospitals.<sup>2</sup>Others have developed and tested measures of "case mix" (severity and comorbidity) to adjust observed outcomes for patient characteristics at admission.<sup>3</sup>Still others have developed precise tools for measuring quality of medical care that predict outcome.<sup>4</sup> See also p 2655. Among factors related to outcome differences, experience is often cited.<sup>5</sup>For numerous surgical procedures, mortality can be substantially higher in hospitals performing relatively