tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cecil Textbook of Medicine
Authors: Eric H. Bernicker
Journal: JAMA (1996)

It took eight years, but the new edition of the granddaddy of general internal medicine texts has finally been published. At a time when many authoritative reference texts are updated and published every three years, it is surprising that it took this long to get the new<i>Cecil</i>. I suspect that the many physicians who used<i>Cecil</i>as their guide to internal medicine will be quite pleased that the wait is over. On the surface, the novice might wonder if there is a difference among the major internal medicine textbooks. All of them are thick, heavy books with prestigious editors (interestingly, among the editors of<i>Cecil, Harrison</i>, Stein's, and Kelley's texts, none are women). The difference is in their organization, which in some cases is substantial. According to the preface to the previous edition of<i>Cecil</i>, the concept was not to fragment discussions of disease processes but, rather, to combine
Success of a Second ERCP After Failure of Initial Biliary Cannulation Following Precut Sphinctertomy, Efficacy and Safety of Alternative Biliary Drainage Techniques
Authors: E Castillo-Regalado, H Córdova, A Fernández-Simón, J Castillo-Iturra, A Bofill Diez-Cascón, G Soy Ripoll, I Olivas Alberch, J Llach, K Chavez, O Sendino, A Cárdenas
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims We evaluated the efficacy, safety of a second ERCP after failed cannulation with precut, percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD), and surgery; and factors related to the success of a second ERCP with failed precut.
Phosphatidic acid stimulates inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate production in adult cardiac myocytes.
Authors: TKurz, R AWolf, P BCorr
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

The cellular content of phosphatidic acid can increase in response to several agonists either by phosphorylation of diacylglycerol after phospholipase C-catalyzed hydrolysis of phospholipids or directly through activation of phospholipase D. Although previous findings indicated that the generation of phosphatidic acid was exclusively a means of regulation of the cellular concentration of diacylglycerol, more recent studies have indicated that phosphatidic acid may also directly regulate several cellular functions. Accordingly, the present study was performed to assess whether phosphatidic acid could stimulate cardiac phospholipase C in intact adult rabbit ventricular myocytes. The mass of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate [Ins (1,4,5)P3] was determined by a specific and sensitive binding protein assay and by direct mass measurement using anion exchange chromatography for separation of selected inositol phosphates and gas chromatography and mass spectrometry for quantification of inositol monophosphate (IP1), i...
Coronary pressure-flow relationships. Controversial issues and probable implications.
Authors: F JKlocke, R EMates, J MCanty, A KEllis
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

On the basis of the material discussed, our current assessments of the controversial points mentioned at the beginning of this article may be summarized as follows: Pf = 0, the minimum back pressure to coronary flow associated with a measurable conductance, is indeed greater than coronary outflow pressure (and usually left ventricular diastolic pressure, as well). Pf = 0 needs to be taken into account in attempts to determine coronary driving pressure. In maximally vasodilated beds, Pf = 0 derived from diastolic pressure-flow relationships exceeds coronary outflow pressure by at least a few mm Hg. Pf = 0 varies with coronary outflow and/or diastolic ventricular cavity pressure. When left ventricular preload is elevated, Pf = 0 exceeds outflow pressure by increasing amounts. Pf = 0 appears to be systematically higher and pressure-dependent in beds in which vasomotor tone is operative. An improved understanding of the nature of, and basis for, time-dependent changes in resistance and/or Pf = 0 during long d...
Endothelin production in pulmonary circulation of patients with mitral stenosis.
Authors: KYamamoto, UIkeda, HMito, HFujikawa, HSekiguchi, KShimada
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDAlthough plasma endothelin concentrations are elevated in patients with pulmonary hypertension, the precise sites of endothelin production have not been defined. We investigated the endothelin production in the pulmonary circulation of patients with mitral stenosis and its effects on pulmonary vascular tone.METHODS AND RESULTSWe measured plasma concentrations of endothelin-1, angiotensin II, and thrombomodulin in blood samples obtained from the right and left atria of 10 consecutive patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis (mean age, 55 years; range, 39 to 68) who were undergoing percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty. Plasma levels of endothelin-1 were significantly higher in the left atrium than in the right atrium (3.25 +/- 0.45 versus 2.53 +/- 0.36 pg/mL, mean +/- SE, P < .001). The increased plasma endothelin-1 level in the left atrium, which reflected endothelin-1 production in the pulmonary circulation, was correlated with mean pulmonary artery pressure (r = .65, P = .04), mean pulmonary arteri...
Comparison of crossbridge dynamics between intact and skinned myocardium from ferret right ventricles.
Authors: YSaeki, MKawai, YZhao
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

This study compares the crossbridge kinetics of intact and skinned preparations from ferret cardiac muscles at 20 degrees C to determine whether skinning causes any alteration in the crossbridge response to an imposed length change. A papillary or trabecular muscle was isolated from the right ventricle, the muscle length adjusted to give the maximum twitch tension (Lmax), and the preparation was subjected to Ba2+ contracture. When steady tension developed, the length of the preparation was perturbed sinusoidally in 19 discrete frequencies, ranging from 0.13 to 135 Hz, and at a small peak-to-peak amplitude (0.25% Lmax). We identified three exponential processes in the sinusodial force-response to the imposed length oscillation, and these were labeled processes B, C, and D in order of increasing speed. A slow process, A, normally present in fast-twitch skeletal muscles, is very small or absent in cardiac muscles. Process B is an exponential delay, and the muscle produces oscillatory work on the forcing appa...
Correction to: Hematopoietic cell transplantation utilization and outcomes for primary plasma cell leukemia in the current era
Authors: Binod Dhakal, Sagar Patel, Saulius Girnius, Lohith Bachegowda, Raphael Fraser, Omar Davila, Abraham S. Kanate, Amer Assal, Amr Hanbali, Asad Bashey, Attaphol Pawarode, César O. Freytes, Cindy Lee, David Vesole, Robert Frank Cornell, Gerhard C. Hildebrandt, Hemant S. Murthy, Hillard M. Lazarus, Jan Cerny, Jean A. Yared, Jeffrey Schriber, Jesus Berdeja, Keith Stockerl-Goldstein, Kenneth Meehan, Leona Holmberg, Melhem Solh, Miguel Angel Diaz, Mohamed A. Kharfan-Dabaja, Nosha Farhadfar, Qaiser Bashir, Reinhold Munker, Richard F. Olsson, Robert P. Gale, Ruthlee-Lu Bayer, Sachiko Seo, Saurabh Chhabra, Shahrukh Hashmi, Sherif M. Badawy, Taiga Nishihori, Wilson Gonsalves, Yago Nieto, Yvonne Efebera, Shaji Kumar, Nina Shah, Muzaffar Qazilbash, Parameswaran Hari, Anita D’Souza
Journal: Leukemia (2021)
Cine magnetic resonance imaging after surgical repair in patients with transposition of the great arteries.
Authors: K JChung, I ASimpson, R FGlass, D JSahn, J RHesselink
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used for postoperative evaluation of eight patients who underwent intra-atrial baffle procedure for surgical repair of D-transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA). Their ages ranged from 9 months to 8 years. Younger patients were sedated with chloral hydrate (80 to 100 mg/kg) orally. MRI was performed with use of a General Electric Signa system operating at a field strength of 1.5 tesla. A body or head coil was used depending on the size of the patient. Images were obtained by use of a technique of gradient-recalled acquisition in steady state (GRASS) that utilizes a low flip angle and shorter repetition and echo times. Five patients had widely patent venae cavae and three had superior vena caval obstruction at the junction of the right atrium with a dilated azygos vein. There was no evidence of pulmonary venous obstruction in any of the patients. Right ventricular function was assessed in four patients and their ejection fractions ranged from 58% to 81%. Tricus...
PTRF/Cavin-1発現の消失はERK1/2活性化とカベオリン3減少により進行性心筋症を誘発する
Authors: Kasahara Takeru, Ogata Takehiro, Maruyama Naoki, Taniguchi Takuya, Hamaoka Tetsurou, Miyagawa Koutarou, Nakanishi Naohiko, Ueyama Tomomi
Journal: Circulation (2015)
Ischemic preconditioning reduces infarct size in swine myocardium.
Authors: R JSchott, SRohmann, E RBraun, WSchaper
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

We evaluated the hypothesis that stunning swine myocardium with brief ischemia reduces oxygen demand in the stunned region and increases tolerance of myocardium to longer periods of ischemia. Wall function was quantified with ultrasonic crystals aligned to measure wall thickening, and stunning was achieved with two cycles of left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusion (10 minutes) and reperfusion (30 minutes), after which the LAD was occluded for 60 minutes and reperfused for 90 minutes. Infarct size (as a percent of risk region) was then determined by incubating myocardium with para-nitro blue tetrazolium. Regional oxygen demand was measured as myocardial oxygen consumption before the 60-minute LAD occlusion in the stunned region; tracer microspheres were used to determine blood flow, and blood from the anterior interventricular vein and left atrium was used to calculate oxygen saturations. After the second reperfusion period, wall thickening in the stunned region was reduced to 1.4 +/- 2.4%...
Evolution of QRS-T relationship from birth to adolescence in Frank-lead orthogonal electrocardiograms of 1492 normal children.
Authors: P MRautaharju, ADavignon, FSoumis, EBoiselle, AChoquette
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Patterns of evolution of QRS-T relationship were investigated by determining statistical distributions of QRS and STT integral vectors and the ventricular gradient vector in 1492 normal children divided into 12 age groups from birth to the age of 16 years. From birth to the age of 4 days, the ventricular gradient vector shifts posteriorly and to the left due to posterior shift of the STT integral vector and an increase in the spatial angle between QRS and STT integral vectors to a mean value of 103 degrees. These early neonatal changes in QRS-T relationship probably reflect the sudden reduction of hemodynamic load and the subsequent postnatal atrophy of the right ventricle while the left ventricular load slowly increases. The magnitude of the ventricular gradient vector increases from age 3 weeks until about 7 years. The increase appears to be related to a gradual increase in the magnitude of the QRS and STT integral vectors and a drastic decrease in the spatial angle between them. The spatial angle betwe...
Chronic one-kidney hypertension in rabbits. I. Treatment with kidney extracts.
Authors: L TSkeggs, J RKahn, MLevine, F EDorer, K ELentz
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

An investigation into the mechanism that sustains the blood pressure in chronic one-kidney hypertension in rabbits was made using passive and active immunization with hog kidney extracts containing renin and with angiotensin antagonists. Seven hypertensive rabbits were passively immunized for extended periods with antiserum prepared in other rabbits. Antirenin levels were in the range of 1-3 units/ml. Control experiments demonstrated that antirenin concentrations of 1.0 unit/ml or more eliminated more than 99% of the pressor response to renin. There was no lowering of blood pressure that could be attributed to the antibodies. No decrease in blood pressure was observed in 13 experiments in 7 rabbits given the angiotensin II antagonist 1-Sar-8-Ile-angiotensin II; infusion rates of 0.09-87 mug/min kg-1 were used for periods of a few hours up to 3 days. A reduction in blood pressure occurred in 16 of 19 rabbits immunized directly with extracts containing renin with specific activities of 9.6-757 GU/mg. Plasma...
The characterization of distinct populations of murine skeletal cells that have different roles in B lymphopoiesis
Authors: Alanna C. Green, Gavin Tjin, Samuel C. Lee, Alistair M. Chalk, Lenny Straszkowski, Diannita Kwang, Emma K. Baker, Julie M. Quach, Takaharu Kimura, Joy Y. Wu, Louise E. Purton
Journal: Blood (2021)
186TiP An open-label, dose escalation, phase I/II study to assess safety, tolerability, immunogenicity and preliminary clinical activity of the therapeutic cancer vaccine PDC*lung01 with or without anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) treatment in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: J. Bennouna, A. Sibille, C. Debruyne, B. Colinet, I. Demedts, S. Derijcke, L. Greillier, J. Jürgens, H. Lena, D. Moro-Sibilot, M. Perol, X. Quantin, N. Reinmuth, M. Sebastian, M. Genin, J. Plumas, J.F. Vansteenkiste
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)
Inhibition of thrombus formation by activated recombinant protein C in a primate model of arterial thrombosis.
Authors: AGruber, S RHanson, A BKelly, B SYan, NBang, J HGriffin, L AHarker
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Activated protein C (APC) is an antithrombotic enzyme. The therapeutic potential of infused human recombinant APC (rAPC) was studied in a primate model of platelet-dependent thrombosis. Eight baboons with chronic femoral arteriovenous shunts received rAPC infusions for 1 hour. The shunts were extended with 5-cm long, 4-mm-i.d. thrombogenic Dacron graft segments for the time of infusion. The plasma level of the enzyme, the blood flow in the shunt, and the deposition of indium-111-labeled platelets and iodine-125 fibrinogen on the graft were measured. The influence of rAPC infused at doses of 0.25 and 1.0 mg/kg-hr was compared with the effects of control infusions of saline. Five of eight control grafts occluded within 60 minutes, whereas there was no change in the blood flow during rAPC infusion. Deposition of platelets was inhibited by 13 +/- 10% and by 42 +/- 13% (mean +/- SEM) after 30 minutes of infusion at the two doses, which gave rise to circulating rAPC plasma concentrations of 0.4 and 1.9 mg/l, re...
Echocardiographic evaluation of posterior left ventricular wall motion in muscular dystrophy.
Authors: R BKovick, A MFogelman, A DAbbasi, J BPeter, M LPearce
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Maximal systolic endocardial velocity (SEVM) and maximal diastolic endocardial velocity (DEVM) were determined echocardiographically in patients with muscular dystrophy (MD). The SEVM of the muscular dystrophy patients was 5.5 +/- 0.9 cm/sec and the DEVM was 13 +/- 3 cm/sec. The SEVM in MD was significantly less than that seen in age-matched normals (P less than 0.05), persons with myotonia congenita (P less than 0.02), deconditioned patients (P less than 0.001), or older normal persons (P less than 0.05). The Sevm of the MD patients was not significantly different from persons with spinal muscular atrophy. The DEVM of the muscular dystrophy patients was significantly less (P less than 0.001-0.05) than any other group. No correlation could be found between age, heart rate, type or severity of dystrophy and SEVM or DEVM values. The echocardiogram was more selective in correctly identigying muscular dystrophy patients than the electrocardiogram. The abnormality in DEVM was present despite lack of symptoms, ...
Splitting, lumping and priming- Commentary on Byrne & Russon
Authors: M Gardner, CM Heyes
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

Byrne & Russon's proposal that stimulus enhancement, emulation, and response facilitation should be lumped together as priming effects conceals important questions about nonimitative social learning, fails to forge a useful link between the social learning and cognitive psychological literatures, and leaves unexplained the most interesting feature of phenomena ascribed to “response facilitation.”
Blood pressure modulation by central venous pressure and respiration. Buffering effects of the heart rate reflexes.
Authors: J KTriedman, J PSaul
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDDespite constant fluctuations in cardiac preload caused by the effects of respiration and changes in posture on venous return to the heart, arterial blood pressure remains remarkably constant. The effects of instantaneous lung volume (ILV) and variations of central venous pressure (CVP) on blood pressure (BP) were studied by use of frequency domain techniques to quantify the contribution of heart rate (HR) reflexes to attenuation of the effects of changes in right ventricular preload on arterial pressure.METHODS AND RESULTSRandom independent variation of ILV, then CVP (obtained using lower-body negative pressure), was performed in eight humans in the supine position. HR, ILV, CVP, and systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) BPs were recorded during control periods and after complete blockade obtained by use of 0.04 mg/kg atropine and 0.2 mg/kg propranolol. A frequency-domain analysis was performed on pairwise relations by the cross-spectral technique. During autonomic blockade, fluctuations in CVP we...
Computerized quantitative analysis of left ventricular wall motion by two-dimensional echocardiography.
Authors: ISchnittger, P JFitzgerald, E PGordon, E LAlderman, R LPopp
Journal: Circulation (1984)

Quantitative detection of left ventricular segmental wall motion abnormalities by any modality depends on the reference system used because of the dynamic geometry of contraction and cardiac motion within the thorax. To assess the feasibility and accuracy of quantitative analysis of left ventricular wall motion by two-dimensional echocardiography, we studied 61 subjects with the use of 44 different reference methods in each of three echocardiographic views: the parasternal short-axis view at the levels of the mitral valve and of the papillary muscles and an apical four-chamber view. The three major groups of reference systems used were those with a fixed external reference, a floating reference correcting for translation, and systems correcting for both translation and rotation. In the first part of this study the end-diastolic and end-systolic outlines of 20 normal subjects were stored in a computer and composite data of these 20 subjects were plotted to obtain a 95% confidence interval for measured norm...
Stereoselective disposition and pharmacologic activity of propafenone enantiomers.
Authors: H KKroemer, CFunck-Brentano, D JSilberstein, A JWood, MEichelbaum, R LWoosley, D MRoden
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Propafenone is an antiarrhythmic drug that produces a variable degree of beta-blockade in humans and is administered as a racemate. To examine the relative contribution of the individual enantiomers to pharmacologic effects seen during treatment with propafenone, we assessed the steady-state plasma concentrations of (+)-S-propafenone and (-)-R-propafenone in seven patients who were on long-term oral therapy, and we evaluated the electrophysiologic and beta-blocking properties of both enantiomers in vitro. The metabolism of propafenone is known to be polymorphic and to cosegregate with that of debrisoquine-4-hydroxylation. Among five patients with the extensive metabolizer phenotype (EM), the ratio of the area under the plasma concentration-time curve of (+)-S-propafenone to (-)-R-propafenone was 1.73 +/- 0.15 (mean +/- SD). In the other two patients, who had the poor metabolizer phenotype (PM), the concentrations of both enantiomers were elevated but the S/R ratios were similar to those seen in patients w...
Quality cannot always be quantified
Authors: B. H Smith
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,--William Rosenberg and Anna Donald examine some of the disadvantages of evidence based medicine but, for each “threat,” argue that an overall “opportunity” to improve existing practice ensues (with the implication that the debate is more polarised than perhaps it is).1 One important disadvantage is not addressed, though it is encapsulated in another context earlier in the article where the effectiveness of evidence based medicine is considered: “the approach is difficult to evaluate … since many [outcomes] are difficult to …
Inherited depression of arterial lipoamide dehydrogenase activity associated with susceptibility to atherosclerosis in pigeons.
Authors: TZemplenyi, D HBlankenhorn, A JRosenstein
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

The activity of lipoamide dehydorgenase (E.C.1.6.4.3) was measured in arterial homogenates from very young pigeons (5-8 weeks old) known to differ in their susceptibility to atherosclerosis. The activity of the arterial enzyme was significantly lower in the atherosclerosis-susceptible White Carneau pigeons than it was in the atherosclerosis-resistant Show Racer pigeons. Lipoamide dehydrogenase is a component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketoglutarate multienzyme complexes. The first complex catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate via acetyl-CoA, and this reaction represents a crucial link between glycolysis and the Krebs cycle. The second complex is essential for the oxidative breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and amino acids via the Krebs cycle. Reduced activity of these complexes, resulting from low activity of lipoamide dehydrogenase, favors reduction of pyruvate to lactate and a shift to glycolysis. This situation is in accord with other results obtained in avian and human arte...
The effect of cardiac hypertrophy on the coronary collateral circulation.
Authors: D GHarrison, D HBarnes, L FHiratzka, C LEastham, R EKerber, M LMarcus
Journal: Circulation (1985)

We have previously shown that dogs with renal hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy have larger infarcts (per risk area size) than do control animals. A potential explanation for this is that collateral resistance is higher in these dogs. Paradoxically, previous postmortem studies in human hearts with left ventricular hypertrophy have suggested that coronary collaterals are actually increased in this condition. To test the hypothesis that left ventricular hypertrophy is associated with alterations in coronary collateral resistance, studies were performed in dogs with renal hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy and in patients with aortic valvular disease at the time of cardiac surgery. With an isolated, adenosine-vasodilated, blood-perfused cardiac preparation, collateral and normal zone pressure-flow relationships were established by means of radioactive microspheres in nine dogs with renal hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy and in 17 controls. Collateral resistance calculated ...
Hypothalamic beta 2-adrenoceptor control of renal sympathetic nerve activity and urinary sodium excretion in conscious, spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Authors: J PKoepke, SJones, G FDiBona
Journal: Circulation Research (1986)

The contributions of beta 1-, B2-, and alpha 2-adrenoceptors in the posterior hypothalamus to the increased renal sympathetic nerve activity and decreased urinary sodium excretion resulting from environmental stress (air jet) in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats were examined. Air stress increased mean arterial pressure and renal sympathetic nerve activity (54% from 7.0 +/- 0.7 integrator resets/min), and decreased urinary sodium excretion (44% from 2.7 +/- 0.4 microEq/min per 100 g body weight). After bilateral injection of ICI 118,551 (beta 2-adrenoceptor antagonist) into the posterior hypothalamus of the same spontaneously hypertensive rats, air stress had no effect on renal sympathetic nerve activity (8% from 4.8 +/- 0.7 integrator resets/min) or urinary sodium excretion (2% from 5.2 +/- 0.8 microEq/min per 100 g body weight), but still increased mean arterial pressure. Bilateral injection of isoproterenolol (beta-adrenoceptor agonist) into the posterior hypothalamus enhanced the renal sympath...