tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Health Behavior Change Programs in Primary Care and Community Practices for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Risk Factor Management Among Midlife and Older Adults: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Authors: Deepika Laddu, Jun Ma, Jill Kaar, Cemal Ozemek, Raegan W. Durant, Tavis Campbell, Jean Welsh, Stephanie Turrise
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Cardiovascular disease predominates as the leading health burden among middle-aged and older American adults, but progress in improving cardiovascular health remains slow. Comprehensive, evidenced-based behavioral counseling interventions in primary care are a recommended first-line approach for promoting healthy behaviors and preventing poor cardiovascular disease outcomes in adults with cardiovascular risk factors. Assisting patients to adopt and achieve their health promotion goals and arranging follow-up support are critical tenets of the 5A Model for behavior counseling in primary care. These 2 steps in behavior counseling are considered essential to effectively promote meaningful and lasting behavior change for primary cardiovascular disease prevention. However, adoption and implementation of behavioral counseling interventions in clinical settings can be challenging. The purpose of this scientific statement from the American Heart Association is to guide primary health care professional efforts to offer or refer patients for behavioral counseling, beyond what can be done during brief and infrequent office visits. This scientific statement presents evidence of effective behavioral intervention programs that are feasible for adoption in primary care settings for cardiovascular disease prevention and risk management in middle-aged and older adults. Furthermore, examples are provided of resources available to facilitate the widespread adoption and implementation of behavioral intervention programs in primary care or community-based settings and practical approaches to appropriately engage and refer patients to these programs. In addition, current national models that influence translation of evidence-based behavioral counseling in primary care and community settings are described. Finally, this scientific statement highlights opportunities to enhance the delivery of equitable and preventive care that prioritizes effective behavioral counseling of patients with varying levels of cardiovascular disease risk.
TCT-62 Assessment of Coronary Artery Stenoses on Computed Tomography Angiography: Reproducibility and Repeatability Level 3 Readers Compared With Artificial Intelligence-Supported Analysts
Authors: Georgios Tzimas, Gaurav Gulsin, Hidenobu Takagi, Philipp Blanke, Stephane Fournier, Olivier Muller, Stephanie Sellers, Jonathon Leipsic
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Contrasting specific antibody response to BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination in SARS-CoV-2-naive and previously infected nursing home residents
Authors: Yong Chong, Naoki Tani, Takeyuki Goto, Akiko Yonekawa, Hideyuki Ikematsu, Nobuyuki Shimono, Yosuke Tanaka, Koichi Akashi
Journal: Journal of Infection (2021)
IGAxBSA composite for assessing disease severity and response in patients with atopic dermatitis*
Authors: A.S. Paller, J.K.L. Tan, J. Bagel, A.B. Rossi, B. Shumel, H. Zhang, A. Abramova
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2021)

Accurate assessment of atopic dermatitis (AD) severity is critical when initiating and monitoring therapy. Use of existing research tools such as the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) and Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) is complex and time-consuming in clinical practice. A previous analysis found the product of validated Investigator's Global Assessment (vIGA) and affected body surface area (BSA) to be an accurate and practical tool for routine assessment of paediatric AD.To evaluate the IGAxBSA composite as an alternative to EASI or SCORAD for assessment of AD disease severity and disease responsiveness.The relationship between IGAxBSA, EASI and SCORAD was assessed in a post hoc analysis of pooled data from the dupilumab clinical trial programme in adult and paediatric patients with moderate-to-severe AD who had received dupilumab or placebo, with or without topical corticosteroids (TCS). The trials are registered at ClinicalTrials.gov and EudraCT: LIBERTY AD SOLO 1 (NCT02277743, 2014-001198-15), LIBERTY AD SOLO 2 (NCT02277769, 2014-002619-40), LIBERTY AD SOLO-CONTINUE (NCT02395133, 2014-003384-38), LIBERTY AD CHRONOS (NCT02260986, 2013-003254-24), LIBERTY AD CAFÉ (NCT02755649, 2015-002653-35), LIBERTY AD ADOL (NCT03054428, 2015-004458-16), LIBERTY AD PEDS (NCT03345914, 2016-004997-16), LIBERTY AD OLE (NCT01949311, 2013-001449-15) and LIBERTY AD PEDS OLE (NCT02612454, 2015-001396-40).Using datapoints from pooled dupilumab randomized controlled trials (n = 3473) and open-label extension trials (n = 3045), we found that IGAxBSA correlated well with EASI and SCORAD, irrespective of treatment group and race (white, Asian, black). IGAxBSA correlated better with objective measures (EASI, SCORAD) than with patient- or caregiver-reported subjective measures. IGAxBSA correlated strongly with EASI and SCORAD in assessing disease change over time (r = 0·90, r = 0·76, respectively; P < 0·0001), and concordance between IGAxBSA-50/75/90 and EASI-50/75/90 was excellent (88-94%).IGAxBSA is a valid alternative for assessment of AD disease severity and response over time, compared with EASI or SCORAD in patients with AD, irrespective of race.
Effect of Impaired T Cell Receptor Signaling on the Gut Microbiota in a Mouse Model of Systemic Autoimmunity
Authors: Mirei Shirakashi, Mikako Maruya, Keiji Hirota, Tatsuaki Tsuruyama, Takashi Matsuo, Ryu Watanabe, Koichi Murata, Masao Tanaka, Hiromu Ito, Hajime Yoshifuji, Koichiro Ohmura, Dirk Elewaut, Shimon Sakaguchi, Sidonia Fagarasan, Tsuneyo Mimori, Motomu Hashimoto
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2021)

T cell receptor (TCR) signaling abnormalities and gut dysbiosis are thought to be involved in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, it is not known whether these mechanisms are interrelated. This study was undertaken to explore the impact of defective TCR signaling on microbiota-driven immune responses and the consequent triggering of systemic autoimmunity.The responses of B6SKG mice harboring a mutation in ZAP-70 leading to spontaneous development of SLE were evaluated under specific pathogen-free (SPF) and germ-free (GF) conditions. The gut microbiome was analyzed using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Secretory IgA production in the gut and follicular helper T (Tfh) cell development in the spleen and Peyer's patches were analyzed. Interleukin-17 (IL-17)-deficient mice and segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB)-specific TCR-transgenic mice were used to examine the role of IL-17 and thymic selection.SLE development in B6SKG mice was significantly more attenuated under GF conditions than under SPF conditions. The gut microbiota in B6SKG mice was altered, which was associated with the expansion of SFB and consequent development of SLE by driving Th17 cell differentiation, which was in turn blunted by IL-17 deficiency. Notably, although systemic Tfh development and autoantibody IgG response were enhanced, local gut Tfh and IgA responses were impaired. Moreover, experiments in SFB-specific TCR-transgenic mice revealed that this differential response was caused by altered thymic selection of self- and microbiota-reactive TCR because of defective TCR signaling.Our findings indicate that defective TCR signaling alters the gut microbiota and promotes systemic autoimmunity by driving Th17 cell differentiation.
TCT-128 Sex Differences in Outcomes of Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection: Insights From the National Readmission Database
Authors: Ahmed Elzanaty, Ahmed Maraey, Mahmoud Khalil, Salik Nazir, Mohammed Mhanna, Azizullah Beran, Islam Elgendy, Ehab Eltahawy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Changes in paediatric respiratory infections at a UK teaching hospital 2016–2021; impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
Authors: Sheila F. Lumley, Nicholas Richens, Emily Lees, Jack Cregan, Elizabeth Kalimeris, Sarah Oakley, Marcus Morgan, Shelley Segal, Moya Dawson, A. Sarah Walker, David W. Eyre, Derrick W. Crook, Sally Beer, Alex Novak, Nicole E. Stoesser, Philippa C. Matthews
Journal: Journal of Infection (2021)

Objective To describe the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the incidence of paediatric viral respiratory tract infection in Oxfordshire, UK. Methods Data on paediatric Emergency Department (ED) attendances (0-15 years inclusive), respiratory virus testing, vital signs and mortality at Oxford University Hospitals were summarised using descriptive statistics. Results Between 1-March-2016 and 30-July-2021, 155,056 ED attendances occurred and 7,195 respiratory virus PCRs were performed. Detection of all pathogens was suppressed during the first national lockdown. Rhinovirus and adenovirus rates increased when schools reopened September-December 2020, then fell, before rising in March-May 2021. The usual winter RSV peak did not occur in 2020/21, with an inter-seasonal rise (32/1,000 attendances in 0-3 yr olds) in July 2021. Influenza remained suppressed throughout. A higher paediatric early warning score (PEWS) was seen for attendees with adenovirus during the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic (p = 0.04, Mann-Witney U test), no other differences in PEWS were seen. Conclusions SARS-CoV-2 caused major changes in the incidence of paediatric respiratory viral infection in Oxfordshire, with implications for clinical service demand, testing strategies, timing of palivizumab RSV prophylaxis, and highlighting the need to understand which public health interventions are most effective for preventing respiratory virus infections.
The first case of pancreatoscopy-guided lithotripsy using a novel superpulsed fiberoptic thulium laser
Authors: Stanislav A. Budzinskiy, Sergey G. Shapovalyants, Evgeny Fedorov, Elena N. Platonova, Maria A. Anishchenko, Elizaveta A. Vorobyeva, Maxim Yu Svirin
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

A 50-year-old man with chronic alcoholic pancreatitis was admitted to our hospital with upper abdominal pain and weight loss (8 kg in 5 months). Abdominal ultrasonography and endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) revealed dilatation of the main pancreatic duct (MPD) up to 13 mm, narrowing of the terminal part of the MPD to 2 mm, and a pancreatic stone (18 × 12 mm in size) located 10 mm above the orifice ([Fig. 1]).
TCT-297 Accelerated Left Atrial Appendage Closure With the New-Generation WATCHMAN FLX by CCTA at 45 Days Postimplant
Authors: Lauren Ranard, Kenneth Guber, Omar Khalique, Jay Leb, Nadira Hamid, Elena Donald, Rebecca Hahn, Jessica Forman, Vivian Ng, Robert Sommer, Torsten Vahl
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
TCT-398 Drug-Eluting Balloon Catheters in the Treatment of Left Main Coronary Artery Bifurcation Lesions: 4-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Daniil Maximkin, Zaur Shugushev, Olga Safonova, Alexandr Chepurnoi, Alexandr Faibushevich, Ekaterina Gitelzon, Galina Veretnik, Vladislav Baranovich, Nikolay Sturov
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
phasebook: haplotype-aware de novo assembly of diploid genomes from long reads
Authors: Xiao Luo, Xiongbin Kang, Alexander Schönhuth
Journal: Genome biology (2021)

Haplotype-aware diploid genome assembly is crucial in genomics, precision medicine, and many other disciplines. Long-read sequencing technologies have greatly improved genome assembly. However, current long-read assemblers are either reference based, so introduce biases, or fail to capture the haplotype diversity of diploid genomes. We present phasebook, a de novo approach for reconstructing the haplotypes of diploid genomes from long reads. phasebook outperforms other approaches in terms of haplotype coverage by large margins, in addition to achieving competitive performance in terms of assembly errors and assembly contiguity.
TCT-479 Percutaneous Suture-Based Closure of Patent Foramen Ovale: Initial Results of a Multicenter Experience in a Highly Selected Population
Authors: Alessandra Scoccia, Alessandra Laricchia, Alfonso Ielasi, Monica Barki, Gabriele Maliandi, Maurizio Tespili, Francesco Giannini, Antonio Colombo, Antonio Mangieri
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
TCT-126 Physiologic and Compositional Coronary Artery Disease Extension in Patients With Takotsubo Syndrome Assessed Using Artificial Intelligence: An Optical Coherence Tomography Study
Authors: Sant Kumar, Hector Garcia-Garcia, Miao Chu, Kayode Kuku, Yirga Kahsay, Nieves Gonzalo, Carlos Salazar, Fernando Alfonso, Shengxian Tu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
TCT-333 Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair in Proportionate Versus Disproportionate Functional Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: Joris Ooms, Sjoerd Bouwmeester, Philippe Debonnaire, Riwa Nasser, Jens-Uwe Voigt, Mark Schotborgh, Marcel Geleijnse, Isabella Kardys, Ernest Spitzer, Joost Daemen, Peter de Jaegere, Patrick Houthuizen, Martin Swaans, Christophe Dubois, Marc Claeys, Jan Van Der Heyden, Pim Tonino, Nicolas Van Mieghem
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Rapid and effective treatment of traumatic spinal cord injury using stem cell derived exosomes
Authors: Jiafu Mu, Jiahe Wu, Jian Cao, Teng Ma, Liming Li, Shiqing Feng, Jianqing Gao
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2021)

Traumatic spinal cord injury is a fatal acute event without effective clinical therapies. Following the trauma, immediate neural protection and microenvironment mitigation are vitally important for nerve tissue repair, where stem cell-based therapies could be eclipsed by the deficiency of cells due to the hostile microenvironment as well as the transport and preservation processes. Effective emergency strategies are required to be convenient, biocompatible, and stable. Herein, we assess an emergency cell-free treatment using mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes, which have proven capable of comprehensive mitigation of the inhibitory lesion microenvironment. The clinically validated fibrin glue is utilized to encapsulate the exosomes and in-situ gelates in transected rat spinal cords to provide a substrate for exosome delivery as well as nerve tissue growth. The emergency treatment alleviates the inflammatory and oxidative microenvironment, inducing effective nerve tissue repair and functional recovery. The therapy presents a promising strategy for effective emergency treatment of central nervous system trauma.
断層心エコー法による左房容積の計測一楕円回転体(Ellipsoid)法により正しい左房容積が評価できるか
Authors: Kusunose Ken'ya, Yamada Hirotsugu, Yamasaki Masahiro, Hamamoto Shuichi, Nakajima Tomohiro, Niki Toshiyuki, Yamaguchi Koji, Koshiba Kunihiko, Kono Tomohito, Soegi Takeshi, Wakatsuki Tetsuzo
Journal: Circulation (2007)
Diagnostic accuracy of vascular ultrasound in patients with suspected giant cell arteritis (EUREKA): a prospective, multicentre, non-interventional, cohort study
Authors: Stavros Chrysidis, Uffe Møller Døhn, Lene Terslev, Ulrich Fredberg, Tove Lorenzen, Robin Christensen, Knud Larsen, Andreas P Diamantopoulos
Journal: The Lancet Rheumatology (2021)
Effect of the introduction of immediate judge's decisions in 2018 on the use of coercive measures in psychiatric hospitals in Germany: a population-based study
Authors: Erich Flammer, Sophie Hirsch, Tilman Steinert
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2021)

On 23 July 2018, the German Constitutional Court decided that mechanical restraint in psychiatric patients lasting longer than 30 minutes requires a judge's immediate decision. On the same day, the German Association for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy published its guideline on the prevention of coercion and violence. The registry for coercive measures in the federal state of Baden-Wuerttemberg, available since 2015 and comprising all 32 hospitals licensed to admit involuntary patients, has made it possible to evaluate the effect of the legal change, considered the strongest intervention ever in Germany to reduce coercion.We analysed the mean percentage of patients subjected to coercive measures and the mean cumulative duration of these interventions in ICD-10 diagnostic groups in psychiatric hospitals from 2017 compared to 2019 among a total of 233,0273 admissions.The percentage of patients subjected to any kind of freedom-restricting coercion decreased from 6·6% in 2017 to 5·8% in 2019 (p = 0·000). Accordingly, the percentage of patients subjected to mechanical restraint decreased from 4·8% to 3·6% in 2019 (p = 0·000). At the same time, the percentage of patients subjected to seclusion increased from 2·9% to 3·3% (p = 0·000). The median cumulated duration of restraint and seclusion per affected case decreased from 12·5 to 11·9 hrs (p = 0·001).There is clear evidence that a strong legal intervention was effective in reducing the use of coercive measures under routine conditions.The registry is funded by the Ministry of Social Welfare and Integration.
Should we continue entrusting our health service to any single political party and the electoral cycle?
Authors: David Levine
Journal: BMJ (2021)

Many clinicians will be concerned that a retired general is to lead a major review of England’s NHS to “strengthen leadership” and “drive efficiency.”1 A cynic might ask if Gordon Messenger will be using the Ministry of Defence’s esteemed model of efficiency or whether a clinician might be sent on exchange to review the Ministry of Defence’s problems. This government remains unable to understand the NHS, …
Clinical knowledge extraction via sparse embedding regression (KESER) with multi-center large scale electronic health record data
Authors: Chuan Hong, Everett Rush, Molei Liu, Doudou Zhou, Jiehuan Sun, Aaron Sonabend, Victor M. Castro, Petra Schubert, Vidul A. Panickan, Tianrun Cai, Lauren Costa, Zeling He, Nicholas Link, Ronald Hauser, J. Michael Gaziano, Shawn N. Murphy, George Ostrouchov, Yuk-Lam Ho, Edmon Begoli, Junwei Lu, Kelly Cho, Katherine P. Liao, Tianxi Cai
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2021)

The increasing availability of electronic health record (EHR) systems has created enormous potential for translational research. However, it is difficult to know all the relevant codes related to a phenotype due to the large number of codes available. Traditional data mining approaches often require the use of patient-level data, which hinders the ability to share data across institutions. In this project, we demonstrate that multi-center large-scale code embeddings can be used to efficiently identify relevant features related to a disease of interest. We constructed large-scale code embeddings for a wide range of codified concepts from EHRs from two large medical centers. We developed knowledge extraction via sparse embedding regression (KESER) for feature selection and integrative network analysis. We evaluated the quality of the code embeddings and assessed the performance of KESER in feature selection for eight diseases. Besides, we developed an integrated clinical knowledge map combining embedding data from both institutions. The features selected by KESER were comprehensive compared to lists of codified data generated by domain experts. Features identified via KESER resulted in comparable performance to those built upon features selected manually or with patient-level data. The knowledge map created using an integrative analysis identified disease-disease and disease-drug pairs more accurately compared to those identified using single institution data. Analysis of code embeddings via KESER can effectively reveal clinical knowledge and infer relatedness among codified concepts. KESER bypasses the need for patient-level data in individual analyses providing a significant advance in enabling multi-center studies using EHR data.
Antibody-drug conjugates plus Janus kinase inhibitors enable MHC-mismatched allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Stephen P. Persaud, Julie K. Ritchey, Sena Kim, Sora Lim, Peter G. Ruminski, Matthew L. Cooper, Michael P. Rettig, Jaebok Choi, John F. DiPersio
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2021)

Despite the curative potential of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), conditioning-associated toxicities preclude broader clinical application. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) provide an attractive approach to HSCT conditioning that minimizes toxicity while retaining efficacy. Initial studies of ADC conditioning have largely focused on syngeneic HSCT. However, to treat acute leukemias or induce tolerance for solid organ transplantation, this approach must be expanded to allogeneic HSCT (allo-HSCT). Using murine allo-HSCT models, we show that pharmacologic Janus kinase 1/2 (JAK1/2) inhibition combined with CD45- or cKit-targeted ADCs enables robust multilineage alloengraftment. Strikingly, myeloid lineage donor chimerism exceeding 99% was achievable in fully MHC-mismatched HSCT using this approach. Mechanistic studies using the JAK1/2 inhibitor baricitinib revealed marked impairment of T and NK cell survival, proliferation, and effector function. NK cells were exquisitely sensitive to JAK1/2 inhibition due to interference with IL-15 signaling. Unlike irradiated mice, ADC-conditioned mice did not develop pathogenic graft-versus-host alloreactivity when challenged with mismatched T cells. Finally, the combination of ADCs and baricitinib balanced graft-versus-host disease and graft-versus-leukemia responses in delayed donor lymphocyte infusion models. Our allo-HSCT conditioning strategy exemplifies the promise of immunotherapy to improve the safety of HSCT for treating hematologic diseases.
TCT-502 Clinical Profile and Immediate Outcomes of Balloon Mitral Valvotomy in Low-Gradient Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis
Authors: Amit Malviya, Vanlalmalsawmdawngliana Fanai, Manish Kapoor, Vineet Kamal, Pinak Pani Das, Tony Ete, Animesh Mishra
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
TCT-146 Same-Day Discharge After TAVR, TEER, TMVR, and Watchman Device Implantations: Call of the Pandemic or Expected Evolution?
Authors: Mehul Patel, Anna Jones, Caroline Crocker, Anjula Chib, Ashley Daniel, Jordan Coffey, James Litzow, Keith Anderson, Michael McDonald, Gregory Fink
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Abstract 14766: Cardiotoxic Effects of Doxorubicin is Differentially Modulated by p38 MAPK Isoforms in Human Cardiac Slices
Authors: Sharon A George, Alexandra Krebs, Sofian Obaid, Alexi Kiss, Tatiana Efimova, Igor Efimov
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Doxorubicin (DOX), a highly potent cancer chemotherapeutic agent, is widely used in the clinical setting, however, severe cardiotoxic effects of DOX increase morbidity and mortality a...
Significance of structural changes in the sacroiliac joints of patients with axial spondyloarthritis detected by MRI related to patients symptoms and functioning
Authors: Juergen Braun, Uta Kiltz, Xenofon Baraliakos
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease that manifests primarily in the axial skeleton, initially mostly in the sacroiliac joints (SIJ), usually later spreading to the spine. The disease is characterised by inflammation and new bone formation which are mainly assessed by conventional radiography (CR) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) and interleukin-17 antagonists have been shown to be efficacious and efficient in patients with axSpA. This treatment seems to also inhibit structural damage, for example, retard radiographic progression. Indeed, a reduction of new bone formation in the spine, as assessed by CR, has been reported to occur after at least 2 years of therapy with TNFi. Recently, a reduction of erosions and ankylosis in the SIJ has also been observed in axSpA patients treated with etanercept and filgotinib. In this narrative review, we discuss the limited significance of such findings.