tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CARDIAC MANIFESTATIONS OF MULTISYSTEM INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME IN CHILDREN AT A TERTIARY REFERRAL CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL
Authors: Zachary Randolph, Ethan Miles, Randy Sanchez, Katherine Chung, Harsha Chandnani, Jade Connie Tran, Jennifer Lo, Upinder Jodhka, Neda F. Mulla, Maulin Soneji
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
IN-HOSPITAL OUTCOMES FOLLOWING AN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME IN PATIENTS WITH LIVER FIBROSIS: RESULTS FROM THE REAL-WORLD OBSERVATIONAL REGISTRY OF ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME (REALE-ACS)
Authors: Daniele Pastori, Flavio Giuseppe Biccirè, Emanuele Sammartini, Edoardo Maria Dacierno, Carlo Gaudio, Francesco Barillà, Gaetano Tanzilli
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Trends in Diet Quality Among Older US Adults From 2001 to 2018
Authors: Tingxi Long, Kehan Zhang, Yan Chen, Chenkai Wu
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

<h3>Importance</h3> Poor diet is a major risk factor for chronic diseases, disability, and death in the US. As older adults comprise the fastest-growing population segment in the US, it is crucial to describe dietary trends among older adults to identify opportunities and challenges for improving health in old age. <h3>Objective</h3> To characterize trends in overall dietary quality and key food components and nutrients among older US adults by age, sex, race and ethnicity, marital status, educational level, and income. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This serial cross-sectional study used 24-hour dietary recall data from 10 837 adults aged 65 years or older in 9 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles (2001-2002 to 2017-2018). Statistical analysis was conducted from June 1 to October 1, 2021. <h3>Exposures</h3> Calendar year and sociodemographic subgroups. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Survey-weighted, energy-adjusted mean diet scores and proportions of older US adults with poor, intermediate, or ideal diet scores based on the American Heart Association (AHA) 2020 Strategic Impact Goals for diet. Additional outcomes included the AHA secondary score and the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)–2015 score. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 10 837 individuals (5423 women [50.0%]; 6339 White participants [58.5%]; mean [SD] age, 73.9 [0.1] years) were analyzed. Overall dietary quality deteriorated from 2001 to 2018 among older adults. The mean primary AHA score (total = 50 points) decreased from 19.84 (95% CI, 19.40-20.29) to 18.28 (95% CI, 17.84-18.73; a decrease of 7.9%;<i>P</i> &lt; .001 for trend). The mean secondary AHA score (total = 80 points) decreased from 34.75 (95% CI, 34.11-35.39) to 31.83 (95% CI, 31.17-32.48; a decrease of 8.4%;<i>P</i> &lt; .001 for trend). The mean HEI-2015 score (total = 100 points) decreased from 47.82 (95% CI, 47.11-48.52) to 45.25 (95% CI, 44.53-45.98; a decrease of 5.4%;<i>P</i> &lt; .001 for trend). Based on the primary AHA score, the proportion of US older adults with a poor diet quality significantly increased from 50.9% to 60.9%, the proportion with an intermediate diet quality significantly decreased from 48.6% to 38.7%, and the proportion with ideal diet quality remained consistently low (0.4% in both 2001-2002 and 2017-2018). Dietary variations were identified by sociodemographic subgroups. We found a significant decreasing trend in diet scores among both sexes and all age groups except for those aged 75 to 79 years. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> The findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that dietary quality worsened for most dietary components among older US adults between 2001 and 2018. Despite improvement in some dietary components, more than half of older US adults still have poor dietary quality.
TEMPORAL TRENDS OF ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION COMPLICATING ATRIAL FIBRILLATION HOSPITALIZATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES
Authors: Shivaraj Patil, Chaitanya Rojulpote, Karthik Gonuguntla, Manish Kumar, Madhuwani Rojulpote, Aman M. Amanullah
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
YIA22-005: A Randomized Trial of Choice Architecture and Mailed Colorectal Cancer Screening Outreach in a Community Health Setting
Authors: Shivan J. Mehta, Sanjay Palat, Catherine Reitz, Evelyn Okorie, Caitlin McDonald, Pamela A. Shaw, Karen Glanz, David A Asch
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2022)
HSR22-151: Access to Care and Health Care Quality Metrics in Urban Versus Rural Patients With Advanced Genitourinary Cancers
Authors: Haoran Li, Nishita Tripathi, Nicolas Sayegh, Jackson Cheney, Blake Nordblad, Beverly Chigarira, Umang Swami, Sumati Gupta, Benjamin L. Maughan, Neeraj Agarwal
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2022)
Abstract P3-16-02: Enhancing impact and efficiency of financial support for cancer through use of AI: A nascent initiative of Indian cancer society
Authors: Tushar Vora, Nehal Khanna, Anant Gokarn, Ann Rawat, Naresh Ramarajan, Gitika Srivastava, Usha Thorat
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

Abstract Background: Since 2011, Indian Cancer Society-Cancer Cure Fund (ICS-CCF), established through donations of mutual fund dividends, has funded $27 million in treatment costs for 9800 underprivileged patients. For governance, a Due Diligence Team (DDT) of cancer experts from academic tertiary centers reviewed every planned treatment and authorized covering the treatment costs for evidence-based care. Since expert time is scarce, in 2019, ICS-CCF introduced NAVYA AI (AI) system to scale the prior authorization operation. AI is a clinically validated system that matches clinical data with evidence and expert recommended treatment options. The system can adapt to institutional guidelines such as ICS-CCF authorization criteria on published survival rates. In this prospective study, we explore application of AI in prior authorization, by assessing concordance with DDT expert decisions and potential time savings. Methods: Clinical data of beneficiaries were input in AI and if the output treatment options matched the planned treatment, the application was authorized, otherwise rejected. If AI did not output a decision, the application was deferred to DDT. Concordance between AI and DDT decisions, and DDT time spent on deferred applications, weremeasured. Results: From April 22nd, 2020 to June 9th, 2021, 1994 beneficiary applications were simultaneously reviewed by AI and DDT, of which 601 (30%) were breast cancer patients. AI “authorized” (1563/1994) or “rejected” (16/1994), 79.18% (1579/1267) of applications; and “deferred” 20.81% (415/1994) of applications. AI and DDT were 99.37% (1553/1563) concordant to authorize and 100% (16/16) concordant to reject a beneficiary application. DDT spent an average of 3.4 minutes/deferred application. Conclusions: A clinically validated AI system, 99% concordant with cancer experts in authorizing or rejecting 79% of beneficiary applications, promises a fivefold decrease in experts’ time, the scarcest resource for preauthorization. Subsequent to this study, ICS-CCF is awarding financial support directly based on AI authorize decisions. Similarly, health insurance organizations may consider a prospective study of the AI system in raising quality and efficiency of prior authorization thereby saving cost of time, money and expertise. Citation Format: Tushar Vora, Nehal Khanna, Anant Gokarn, Ann Rawat, Naresh Ramarajan, Gitika Srivastava, Usha Thorat. Enhancing impact and efficiency of financial support for cancer through use of AI: A nascent initiative of Indian cancer society [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-16-02.
AI-BASED CARDIAC CHAMBER ANALYSIS FROM NON-CONTRAST, GATED CARDIAC CT
Authors: Athira Jacob, Ola Abdelkarim, Salma Zook, Myra Cocker, Prantik Gupta, Juan Ramirez Giraldo, Diana Tran, Max Schoebinger, Chris Schwemmer, Mehmet A. Gulsun, Saikiran Rapaka, Puneet Sharma, Su Min Chang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
CONDUCTION SYSTEM PACING IN PATIENTS WITH PROSTHETIC HEART VALVES
Authors: Kuldeep Shah, Brian D. Williamson, Ilana B. Kutinsky, Rahul Bhardwaj, Tahmeed Contractor, Ravi Mandapati, Dhanunjaya R. Lakkireddy, Jalaj Garg
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Avian influenza viruses suppress innate immunity by inducing trans-transcriptional readthrough via SSU72
Authors: Yan Zhao, Fengming Huang, Zhen Zou, Yuhai Bi, Yang Yang, Cong Zhang, Qiang Liu, Daozhen Shang, Yiwu Yan, Xiangwu Ju, Song Mei, Peng Xie, Xiao Li, Mingyao Tian, Shuguang Tan, Huijun Lu, Zongsheng Han, Kangtai Liu, Yuqing Zhang, Junbo Liang, Zhu Liang, Qingchao Zhang, Jiahui Chang, William J. Liu, Cong Feng, Tanshi Li, Michael Q. Zhang, Xiaoyue Wang, George F. Gao, Yingxia Liu, Ningyi Jin, Chengyu Jiang
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2022)

Abstract Innate immunity plays critical antiviral roles. The highly virulent avian influenza viruses (AIVs) H5N1, H7N9, and H5N6 can better escape host innate immune responses than the less virulent seasonal H1N1 virus. Here, we report a mechanism by which transcriptional readthrough (TRT)-mediated suppression of innate immunity occurs post AIV infection. By using cell lines, mouse lungs, and patient PBMCs, we showed that genes on the complementary strand (“ trans ” genes) influenced by TRT were involved in the disruption of host antiviral responses during AIV infection. The trans -TRT enhanced viral lethality, and TRT abolishment increased cell viability and STAT1/2 expression. The viral NS1 protein directly bound to SSU72, and degradation of SSU72 induced TRT. SSU72 overexpression reduced TRT and alleviated mouse lung injury. Our results suggest that AIVs infection induce TRT by reducing SSU72 expression, thereby impairing host immune responses, a molecular mechanism acting through the NS1-SSU72- trans -TRT-STAT1/2 axis. Thus, restoration of SSU72 expression might be a potential strategy for preventing AIV pandemics.
SIGNIFICANCE OF SPONTANEOUS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC CONTRAST IN TRANSCATHETER EDGETO-EDGE REPAIR FOR MITRAL REGURGITATION
Authors: Hirotomo Sato, Joao L. Cavalcante, Richard Y. Bae, Maurice Enriquez-Sarano, Vinayak Nilkanth Bapat, Garcia Santiago, Go Hashimoto, Miho Fukui, Paul Sorajja
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL OF CLINICAL OUTCOMES AFTER VIEWING VIDEO EDUCATION ON DANGER SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF WORSENING HEART FAILURE AND SELF CARE ACTIONS
Authors: Nancy M. Albert, Carol Babcock, Anna Maria Gray-Leyko, James F. Bena, Shannon L. Morrison, Dorothy Sayler, Michelle Levay
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
QIM22-198: Optimizing a Systemic Platform to Standardize Oncologic Biosimilars Utilization at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (CSMC)
Authors: Suwicha Limvorasak, Hilary Teaford, Crystal Leung Dobbs, Kyung Kim, Marcio A. Diniz, Andre Rogatko, Edwin M. Posadas, Kevin S. Scher, Vipul Patel, Bruce Vinson, Leanne Sakamoto, Rita Shane, Robert A. Figlin, Karen L. Reckamp
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2022)
Mortality Among People Experiencing Homelessness in San Francisco During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Caroline Cawley, Hemal K. Kanzaria, Barry Zevin, Kelly M. Doran, Margot Kushel, Maria C. Raven
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

<h3>Importance</h3> There has been recent media attention on the risk of excess mortality among homeless individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic, yet data on these deaths are limited. <h3>Objectives</h3> To quantify and describe deaths among people experiencing homelessness in San Francisco during the COVID-19 pandemic and to compare the characteristics of these deaths with those in prior years. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> A cross-sectional study tracking mortality among people experiencing homelessness from 2016 to 2021 in San Francisco, California. All deceased individuals who were homeless in San Francisco at the time of death and whose deaths were processed by the San Francisco Office of the Chief Medical Examiner were included. Data analysis was performed from August to October 2021. <h3>Exposure</h3> Homelessness, based on homeless living status in an administrative database. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Descriptive statistics were used to understand annual trends in demographic characteristics, cause and manner of death (based on autopsy), substances present in toxicology reports, geographic distribution of deaths, and use of health and social services prior to death. Total estimated numbers of people experiencing homelessness in San Francisco were assessed through semiannual point-in-time counts. The 2021 point-in-time count was postponed owing to the COVID-19 pandemic. <h3>Results</h3> In San Francisco, there were 331 deaths among people experiencing homelessness in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (from March 17, 2020, to March 16, 2021). This number was more than double any number in previous years (eg, 128 deaths in 2016, 128 deaths in 2017, 135 deaths in 2018, and 147 deaths in 2019). Most individuals who died were male (268 of 331 [81%]). Acute drug toxicity was the most common cause of death in each year, followed by traumatic injury. COVID-19 was not listed as the primary cause of any deaths. The proportion of deaths involving fentanyl increased each year (present in 52% of toxicology reports in 2019 and 68% during the pandemic). Fewer decedents had contacts with health services in the year prior to their death during the pandemic than in prior years (13% used substance use disorder services compared with 20% in 2019). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this cross-sectional study, the number of deaths among people experiencing homelessness in San Francisco increased markedly during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings may guide future interventions to reduce mortality among individuals experiencing homelessness.
UNDERUTILIZATION OF TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT (TAVR) IN AMERICAN INDIANS, OUTCOMES FROM A SINGLE CENTER RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Jonathan Roberts, Anne Sandstrom, Luke Teigen, Chase Gauthier, Ismail Bekdash, Puneet Sharma, Thomas A. Haldis, Cornelius Dyke
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Abstract ES9-3: Oligo-progressive disease. Treating locally more than systemically
Authors: A Xu
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

Abstract Advances in cancer therapies and technologies have shifted the paradigm for treating metastatic disease. Patients with stage IV disease are living longer and technologic advances enable us to deliver local therapies, such as surgical resection, radiofrequency ablation, or stereotactic radiosurgery, with lower toxicities. Genetic deep sequencing has helped us understand metastases to be genetically heterogeneous with independent subpopulations evolving in response to environmental pressures. We currently understand metastatic progression from primary tumor to disseminated disease to involve multiple stages, raising the possibility of an intermediate, curable, oligometastatic state with limited metastatic potential. The clinical relevance of oligometastases has been validated in multiple, recent randomized clinical trials. Metastasis directed therapies have been demonstrated to improve overall survival, however, this benefit is not seen in all patients, and breast specific data are lacking. This educational presentation will review randomized evidence supporting local treatment of oligometastases. We will also review evidence specific to breast cancer and highlight the critical need to define when local therapies can be effective at disrupting metastatic progression in breast cancer patients. Citation Format: A Xu. Oligo-progressive disease. Treating locally more than systemically [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr ES9-3.
TRIMETHYLAMINE-N-OXIDE (TMAO) AS A PREDICTOR OF CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS IN THE MULTI ETHNIC STUDY OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS
Authors: Matthew J. Budoff, Xinmin Simon Li, Wilson Tang, Bruce Psaty, David Siscovick, Stanley L. Hazen, Alan Pratt, Dariush Mozaffarian
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
SUCCESSFUL BALLOON PULMONARY ANGIOPLASTY TREATMENT IN A PATIENT WITH TAKAYASU'S ARTERITIS-ASSOCIATED PULMONARY ARTERY STENOSIS
Authors: Yun-Peng Wei, Jie-Ling Ma, Yu-Ping Zhou, Xin Jiang, Xi-Qi Xu, Fan Guo, Tao Wu, Yi-Ning Wang, Meng-Tao Li, Qi Miao, Zhi-Cheng Jing
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
THE FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO SUSTAINABLE THERAPEUTIC EFFECT AFTER ENDOVASCULAR THERAPY FOR CHRONIC TOTAL OCCLUSION OF THE SUPERFICIAL FEMORAL ARTERY
Authors: Yutaka Tadano, Jun-ichi Kotani, Takuya Haraguchi, Tomohiko Watanabe, Takuro Sugie, Daitaro Kanno, Yoshifumi Kashima, Tsutomu Fujita
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
International expert consensus recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of Langerhans cell histiocytosis in adults
Authors: Gaurav Goyal, Abdellatif Tazi, Ronald S. Go, Karen L. Rech, Jennifer L. Picarsic, Robert Vassallo, Jason R. Young, Christian W. Cox, Jan Van Laar, Michelle L. Hermiston, Xin-Xin Cao, Polyzois Makras, Gregory Kaltsas, Julien Haroche, Matthew Collin, Kenneth L. McClain, Eli L. Diamond, Michael Girschikofsky
Journal: Blood (2022)

Abstract Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) can affect children and adults with a wide variety of clinical manifestations, including unifocal, single-system multifocal, single-system pulmonary (smoking-associated), or multisystem disease. The existing paradigms in the management of LCH in adults are mostly derived from the pediatric literature. Over the last decade, the discovery of clonality and MAPK-ERK pathway mutations in most cases led to the recognition of LCH as a hematopoietic neoplasm, opening the doors for treatment with targeted therapies. These advances have necessitated an update of the existing recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of LCH in adults. This document presents consensus recommendations that resulted from the discussions at the annual Histiocyte Society meeting in 2019, encompassing clinical features, classification, diagnostic criteria, treatment algorithm, and response assessment for adults with LCH. The recommendations favor the use of 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-based imaging for staging and response assessment in the majority of cases. Most adults with unifocal disease may be cured by local therapies, while the first-line treatment for single-system pulmonary LCH remains smoking cessation. Among patients not amenable or unresponsive to these treatments and/or have multifocal and multisystem disease, systemic treatments are recommended. Preferred systemic treatments in adults with LCH include cladribine or cytarabine, with the emerging role of targeted (BRAF and MEK inhibitor) therapies. Despite documented responses to treatments, many patients struggle with a high symptom burden from pain, fatigue, and mood disorders that should be acknowledged and managed appropriately.
Association Between Team-Based Continuity of Care and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases Among Patients With Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kam Suen Chan, Eric Yuk Fai Wan, Weng Yee Chin, Esther Yee Tak Yu, Ivy Lynn Mak, Will Ho Gi Cheng, Margaret Kay Ho, Cindy Lo Kuen Lam
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)

OBJECTIVE Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a long-term sequela of diabetes. Better individual-based continuity of care has been reported to reduce the risk of chronic complications among patients with diabetes. Maintaining a one-to-one patient–physician relationship is often challenging, especially in public health care settings. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between higher team-based continuity of care, defined as consultations provided by the same physician team, and CVD risks in patients with diabetes from public primary care clinics. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study in Hong Kong of 312,068 patients with type 2 diabetes and without any history of CVD at baseline (defined as the earliest attendance at a doctor’s consultation in a public-sector clinic between 2008 and 2018). Team-based continuity of care was measured using the usual provider continuity index (UPCI), calculated by the proportion of consultations provided by the most visited physician team in the 2 years before baseline. Patients were divided into quartiles based on their UPCI, and the characteristics of the quartiles were balanced using propensity score fine stratification weights. Multivariable Cox regression was applied to assess the effect of team-based continuity of care on CVD incidence. Patient demographics, smoking status, physiological measurements, number of attendances, comorbidities, and medications were adjusted for in the propensity weightings and regression analyses. RESULTS After an average follow-up of 6.5 years, the total number of new CVD events was 52,428. Compared with patients in the 1st quartile, patients in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quartiles of the UCPI had a CVD hazard ratio (95% CI) of 0.95 (0.92–0.97), 0.92 (0.89–0.94), and 0.87 (0.84–0.89), respectively, indicating that higher continuity of care was associated with lower CVD risks. The subtypes of CVD, including coronary heart disease and stroke, also showed a similar pattern. Subgroup analyses suggested that patients &amp;lt;65 years of age had greater benefits from higher team-based continuity of care. CONCLUSIONS Team-based continuity of care was associated with lower CVD risk among individuals with type 2 diabetes, especially those who were younger. This suggests a potential flexible alternative implementation of continuity of care in public clinics.
IL‐1 receptor antagonist plus pentoxifylline and zinc for severe alcohol‐associated hepatitis
Authors: Gyongyi Szabo, Mack Mitchell, Craig J. McClain, Srinivasan Dasarathy, Bruce Barton, Arthur J. McCullough, Laura E. Nagy, Aimee Kroll‐Desrosiers, David Tornai, Hyesung Alice Min, Svetlana Radaeva, M. E. Blair Holbein, Lisa Casey, Jennifer Cuthbert
Journal: Hepatology (2022)

Patients with severe alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) have high mortality. Corticosteroids improve survival only for 30 days. We targeted inflammation, cellular injury, and gut leakiness in a randomized clinical trial comparing combination therapy to corticosteroids on 180-day survival.Subjects with a clinical diagnosis of severe AH (Model for End-Stage Liver Disease [MELD] >20, Maddrey discriminant function [MDF] >32) were randomized to receive methylprednisolone (PRED; 28 days) or a combination of anakinra (14 days) plus pentoxifylline (28 days) plus zinc (COMB; 180 days). The primary endpoint was survival at 180 days. The study was designed in 2013, initiated in October 2014, and completed in March 2018. Five hundred patients were screened to randomize 104 subjects with a clinical diagnosis of AH with a MELD score >20. Fifty-three patients were randomized into the COMB and 50 to the PRED treatment; 1 dropped out of the study before randomization. Mean age was 45.3 ± 10.4 years; 60.6% were males, 92.3% White, and mean MELD 25.7 ± 3.9. Kaplan-Meier survival estimate at 180 days was 67.9% in COMB and 56% in PRED (HR = 0.69; p = 0.3001). Survival curves separated by 90 days (COMB, 69.8%; PRED, 58.0%; HR = 0.69; p = 0.28). Survival at 28 days was similar between the COMB (83.4%) and PRED groups (81.2%; HR = 0.91; p = 0.85). There were no unexpected serious adverse events, and incidence of infection was comparable between groups. MELD 20-25 and MELD >26 strata showed nonsignificant treatment effects in favor of COMB.A combination of anakinra, pentoxifylline plus zinc provides similar survival benefits compared to corticosteroid therapy in severe AH.