tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract MP24: Neighborhood Cohesion And Violence In Port-au-Prince, Haiti, And Their Relationship To Cardiovascular Risk Factors Of Stress, Depression, And Blood Pressure
Authors: Vanessa Rouzier, Lily D Yan, Jean Lookens Pierre, Jessy G Devieux, Linda M GERBER, Alexandra Apollon, Stephano St-Preux, Miranda Metz, Marie Deschamps, Jean William Pape, Margaret Mcnairy
Journal: Circulation (2022)

Introduction: Neighborhood social context including violence and cohesion may impact cardiovascular disease risk factors in countries like Haiti with high civil unrest. We describe these factors using validated instruments (Neighborhood Collective Efficacy, City Stress Inventory), and hypothesized higher cohesion and lower violence were associated with lower stress, depression, blood pressure (BP), and hypertension. Methods: We collected data from a population-representative cohort of adults in Port-au-Prince, Haiti between March 2019 to April 2021, including stress (Perceived Stress Scale), depression (PHQ-9), blood pressure, and hypertension (SBP ≥ 140 mmHg, DBP ≥ 90 mmHg, or on medications). Adjusting for age and sex, multivariable linear and Poisson regressions assessed the relationship between exposures (neighborhood violence, neighborhood cohesion) and outcomes (stress, depression, BP, hypertension). Results: Among 2,799 adults, 59.7% were female and median age was 41 years (IQR:28-55). Participants reported high cohesion (median 15/25, IQR:14-17) and moderate violence (9/20, IQR:7-11). Stress was moderate (8/16), 12.8% had at least moderate depression, and 30.4% had hypertension. In regressions, higher violence at all levels was associated with higher depressive symptoms (Q4 vs Q1: +2.94 score, 95%CI 2.51, 3.38). Violence was also weakly associated with slightly higher stress (Q4 vs Q1: +0.32 score, 95%CI 0.04, 0.59), and lower hypertension prevalence (Q2 vs Q1: PR 0.86, 95%CI 0.75, 0.99). Cohesion was weakly associated with lower stress (T3 vs T1: -0.43 score, 95%CI -0.71, -0.16), depression (T2 vs T1: -0.63 score, 95%CI -1.02, -0.24), and higher DBP (T2 vs T1: 1.23 mmHg, 95%CI 0.065, 2.39). Conclusions: In conclusion, we found high perceived cohesion and moderate violence. The strongest association was between higher violence and higher depression. Paradoxically, higher violence and lower cohesion were associated with lower hypertension and DBP, possibly due to unmeasured confounding.
Novel Redirected T–Cell Immunotherapies for Advanced Prostate Cancer
Authors: Tanya B. Dorff, Vivek Narayan, Stephen J. Forman, Peter D. Zang, Joseph A. Fraietta, Carl H. June, Naomi B. Haas, Saul J. Priceman
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2021)

Immunotherapy has failed to achieve durable remissions in advanced prostate cancer patients. More potent T-cell-redirecting strategies may be needed to overcome the immunologically exclusive and suppressive tumor microenvironment. Clinical trials are underway, seeking to define the optimal target for T-cell redirection, such as PSMA, PSCA, or STEAP-1, as well as the optimal strategy, with CAR or bispecific antibodies. As results continue to emerge from these trials, understanding differential toxicity and efficacy of these therapies based on their targets and functional modifications will be key to advancing these promising therapies toward clinical practice. This review provides a unique depth and breadth of perspective regarding the diverse immunotherapy strategies currently under clinical investigation for men with advanced prostate cancer.
How to Fill the Void — Bone Cement in Hemiarthroplasty
Authors: Cecilia Rogmark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2022)

A majority of persons in whom a femoral neck fracture occurs have physical impairment, cognitive impairment, or both. For these patients, a hemiarthroplasty is considered to be the most suitable treatment; bone cement may or may not be used for fixation of the prosthesis. Using an uncemented stem reduces both operating-room time and the risk of bone cement implantation syndrome, in which increased intramedullary pressure at cementation causes embolization, which may lead to hypotension and oxygen desaturation and subsequent acute cardiovascular and neuropsychological complications.1 Yet this benefit of uncemented hemiarthroplasty may come at a price. Studies show that cemented hemiarthroplasty . . .
Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Women With and Without Breast Cancer: The Pathways Heart Study
Authors: Heather Greenlee, Carlos Iribarren, Jamal S. Rana, Richard Cheng, Mai Nguyen-Huynh, Eileen Rillamas-Sun, Zaixing Shi, Cecile A. Laurent, Valerie S. Lee, Janise M. Roh, Margarita Santiago-Torres, Hanjie Shen, Dawn L. Hershman, Lawrence H. Kushi, Romain Neugebauer, Marilyn L. Kwan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

To examine cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality risk in women with breast cancer (BC) by cancer therapy received relative to women without BC.The study population comprised Kaiser Permanente Northern California members. Cases with invasive BC diagnosed from 2005 to 2013 were matched 1:5 to controls without BC on birth year and race/ethnicity. Cancer treatment, CVD outcomes, and covariate data were from electronic health records. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs of CVD incidence and mortality by receipt of chemotherapy treatment combinations, radiation therapy, and endocrine therapy.A total of 13,642 women with BC were matched to 68,202 controls without BC. Over a 7-year average follow-up (range < 1-14 years), women who received anthracyclines and/or trastuzumab had high risk of heart failure/cardiomyopathy relative to controls, with the highest risk seen in women who received both anthracyclines and trastuzumab (HR, 3.68; 95% CI, 1.79 to 7.59). High risk of heart failure and/or cardiomyopathy was also observed in women with BC with a history of radiation therapy (HR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.69) and aromatase inhibitor use (HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.60), relative to their controls. Elevated risks for stroke, arrhythmia, cardiac arrest, venous thromboembolic disease, CVD-related death, and death from any cause were also observed in women with BC on the basis of cancer treatment received.Women with BC had increased incidence of CVD events, CVD-related mortality, and all-cause mortality compared with women without BC, and risks varied according to the history of cancer treatment received. Studies are needed to determine how women who received BC treatment should be cared for to improve cardiovascular outcomes.
Dynamic assessment of measurable residual disease in favorable-risk acute myeloid leukemia in first remission, treatment, and outcomes
Authors: Sijian Yu, Tong Lin, Danian Nie, Yu Zhang, Zhiqiang Sun, Qing Zhang, Caixia Wang, Mujun Xiong, Zhiping Fan, Fen Huang, Na Xu, Hui Liu, Guopan Yu, Hongyu Zhang, Pengcheng Shi, Jun Xu, Li Xuan, Ziwen Guo, Meiqing Wu, Lijie Han, Yiying Xiong, Jing Sun, Yu Wang, Qifa Liu
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2021)

Abstract We aimed to investigate outcomes of different post-remission treatment (PRT) choices based on dynamic measurable residual disease (MRD) by multiparameter flow cytometry in favorable-risk AML (FR-AML). Four hundred and three younger patients with FR-AML in first complete remission (CR1) were enrolled in this registry-based cohort study, including 173 who received chemotherapy (CMT), 92 autologous stem cell transplantation (auto-SCT), and 138 allogeneic SCT (allo-SCT). The primary endpoint was the 5-year overall survival (OS). Subgroup analyses were performed based on dynamic MRD after the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd courses of chemotherapy. In subgroups of patients with negative MRD after 1 or 2 course of chemotherapy, comparable OS was observed among the CMT, auto-SCT, and allo-SCT groups ( p = 0.340; p = 0.627, respectively). But CMT and auto-SCT had better graft-versus-host-disease-free, relapse-free survival (GRFS) than allo-SCT in both subgroups. For patients with negative MRD after three courses of chemotherapy, allo-SCT had better disease-free-survival than CMT ( p = 0.009). However, OS was comparable among the three groups ( p = 0.656). For patients with persistently positive MRD after 3 courses of chemotherapy or recurrent MRD, allo-SCT had better OS than CMT and auto-SCT ( p = 0.011; p = 0.029, respectively). Dynamic MRD might improve therapy stratification and optimize PRT selection for FR-AML in CR1.
Comparison of 18F-FDG and 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT in Gastric Kaposi Sarcoma
Authors: Gamze Tatar, Ediz Beyhan, Özge Erol Fenercioğlu, Esra Arslan, Tevfik Fikret Çermik
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2022)

Abstract Herein, we present the results of 18 F-FDG PET/CT and 68 Ga-FAPI-4 PET/CT of a patient with metastatic Kaposi sarcoma. A 47-year-old man with suspected gastric cancer was referred to 18 F-FDG PET/CT for diagnosis and staging. PET/CT detected increased 18 F-FDG uptake in metastatic lymphadenopathies and liver lesions. 68 Ga-FAPI-4 PET/CT was performed for ongoing clinical trial. Although 68 Ga-FAPI-4 PET/CT may be a better alternative than 18 F-FDG for the imaging of primary tumoral infiltrations in the stomach, 18 F-FDG seems to be a more useful agent for the Kaposi sarcoma in determining the extent of the disease and the localization of metastatic lesions.
ASCEND-7: Efficacy and Safety of Ceritinib Treatment in Patients with <i>ALK</i>-Positive Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Metastatic to the Brain and/or Leptomeninges
Authors: Laura Q.M. Chow, Fabrice Barlesi, Erin M. Bertino, Martin J. van den Bent, Heather A. Wakelee, Patrick Y. Wen, Chao-Hua Chiu, Sergey Orlov, Rita Chiari, Margarita Majem, Mark McKeage, Chong-Jen Yu, Pilar Garrido, Felipe K. Hurtado, Pilar Cazorla Arratia, Yuanbo Song, Fabrice Branle, Michael Shi, Dong-Wan Kim
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2022)

Central nervous system metastases are a prominent cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with ALK-positive (ALK+) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The phase II ASCEND-7 (NCT02336451) study was specifically designed to assess the efficacy and safety of the ALK inhibitor (ALKi) ceritinib in patients with ALK+ NSCLC metastatic to the brain and/or leptomeninges.Patients with active brain metastases were allocated to study arms 1 to 4 based on prior exposure to an ALKi and/or prior brain radiation (arm 1: prior radiotherapy/ALKi-pretreated; arm 2: no radiotherapy/ALKi-pretreated; arm 3: prior radiotherapy/ALKi-naïve; arm 4: no radiotherapy/ALKi-naïve). Arm 5 included patients with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. Patients received ceritinib 750 mg once daily (fasted condition). Primary endpoint was investigator-assessed whole-body overall response rate (ORR) per RECIST v1.1. Secondary endpoints included disease control rate (DCR) and intracranial/extracranial responses.Per investigator assessment, in arms 1 (n = 42), 2 (n = 40), 3 (n = 12), and 4 (n = 44), respectively: whole-body ORRs [95% confidence interval (CI)] were 35.7% (21.6-52.0), 30.0% (16.6-46.5), 50.0% (21.1-78.9), and 59.1% (43.2-73.7); whole-body DCR (95% CI): 66.7% (50.5-80.4), 82.5% (67.2-92.7), 66.7% (34.9-90.1), and 70.5% (54.8-83.2); intracranial ORRs (95% CI): 39.3% (21.5-59.4), 27.6% (12.7-47.2), 28.6% (3.7-71.0), and 51.5% (33.5-69.2). In arm 5 (n = 18), whole-body ORR was 16.7% (95% CI, 3.6-41.4) and DCR was 66.7% (95% CI, 41.0-86.7). Paired cerebrospinal fluid and plasma sampling revealed that ceritinib penetrated the human blood-brain barrier.Ceritinib showed antitumor activity in patients with ALK+ NSCLC with active brain metastases and/or leptomeningeal disease, and could be considered in the management of intracranial disease. See related commentary by Murciano-Goroff et al., p. 2477.
138P Prevalence and characteristics of lung cancer in families harboring pathogenic germline variants in cancer predisposing genes
Authors: J.C. Laguna Montes, B. Pastor, L. Moreno, V.M. Albarran Artahona, M. Potrony, A. Sánchez, E. Grau, L. Gonzalez-Aguado, J. Oriola, R. Reyes, D. Martínez, N. Vinolas Segarra, L. Gaba, B. Adamo, N. Reguart Aransay, J.A. Puig-Butillé, C. Teixido, L. Mezquita
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2022)
Challenging the Myths of the Against Medical Advice Discharge
Authors: Ronald Hirsch
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

LettersMarch 2022Challenging the Myths of the Against Medical Advice DischargeRonald Hirsch, MDRonald Hirsch, MDR1 RCM, Murray, UtahSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/L22-0016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR: Alfandre (1) did an excellent job dispelling many of the myths surrounding discharging a patient AMA. A few issues related to the administrative side of these discharges warrant clarification. As the author describes, the circumstances of these discharges vary greatly; however, they do generally have one thing in common: These patients are all at higher risk for readmission.In today's health care environment, every action seems to be measured by an outside agency. Many of these measures are reported publicly, including a hospital's readmission rate. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services uses this rate to penalize ...References1. Alfandre D. Annals for Hospitalists Inpatient Notes—Challenging the myths of the against medical advice discharge. Ann Intern Med. 2021;174:HO2-3. [PMID: 34662167] doi:10.7326/M21-3450 LinkGoogle Scholar2. UnitedHealthcare Medicare Readmission Review Program for Medicare Advantage Plans General Clinical Guidelines for Payment Review. United Healthcare; 2020. Accessed at www.uhcprovider.com/content/dam/provider/docs/public/health-plans/medicare/MA-Readmission-Program-Clinical-Guidelines.pdf on 22 October 2021. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: R1 RCM, Murray, UtahDisclosures: The author has reported no disclosures of interest. The form can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=L22-0016. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoAnnals for Hospitalists Inpatient Notes - Challenging the Myths of the Against Medical Advice Discharge David Alfandre Challenging the Myths of the Against Medical Advice Discharge David Alfandre Challenging the Myths of the Against Medical Advice Discharge Matthew W. Wright Challenging the Myths of the Against Medical Advice Discharge Karen E. Clark Metrics March 2022Volume 175, Issue 3Page: W23KeywordsBioethicsHospitalistsHospitalizationsInpatientsPatients ePublished: 15 March 2022 Issue Published: March 2022 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2022 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Prioritising locations for radiotherapy equipment in Brazil: a cross-sectional, population-based study and development of a LINAC shortage index
Authors: Gustavo A Viani, Andre G Gouveia, Vanessa F Bratti, Juliana F Pavoni, Richard Sullivan, Wilma M Hopman, Christopher M Booth, Ajay Aggarwal, Timothy P Hanna, Fabio Y Moraes
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2022)
DNA methylation subclass receptor tyrosine kinase II (RTK II) is predictive for seizure development in glioblastoma patients
Authors: Franz L Ricklefs, Richard Drexler, Kathrin Wollmann, Alicia Eckhardt, Dieter H Heiland, Thomas Sauvigny, Cecile Maire, Katrin Lamszus, Manfred Westphal, Ulrich Schüller, Lasse Dührsen
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2022)

Seizures can present at any time before or after the diagnosis of a glioma. Roughly, 25%-30% of glioblastoma (GBM) patients initially present with seizures, and an additional 30% develop seizures during the course of the disease. Early studies failed to show an effect of general administration of antiepileptic drugs for glioblastoma patients, since they were unable to stratify patients into high- or low-risk seizure groups.111 patients, who underwent surgery for a GBM, were included. Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling was performed, before methylation subclasses and copy number changes inferred from methylation data were correlated with clinical characteristics. Independently, global gene expression was analyzed in GBM methylation subclasses from TCGA datasets (n = 68).Receptor tyrosine Kinase (RTK) II GBM showed a significantly higher incidence of seizures than RTK I and mesenchymal (MES) GBM (P &lt; .01). Accordingly, RNA expression datasets revealed an upregulation of genes involved in neurotransmitter synapses and vesicle transport in RTK II glioblastomas. In a multivariate analysis, temporal location (P = .02, OR 5.69) and RTK II (P = .03, OR 5.01) were most predictive for preoperative seizures. During postoperative follow-up, only RTK II remained significantly associated with the development of seizures (P &lt; .01, OR 8.23). Consequently, the need for antiepileptic medication and its increase due to treatment failure was highly associated with the RTK II methylation subclass (P &lt; .01).Our study shows a strong correlation of RTK II glioblastomas with preoperative and long-term seizures. These results underline the benefit of molecular glioblastoma profiling with important implications for postoperative seizure control.
Development and preliminary validation of the Sjögren’s Tool for Assessing Response (STAR): a consensual composite score for assessing treatment effect in primary Sjögren’s syndrome
Authors: Raphaele Seror, Gabriel Baron, Marine Camus, Divi Cornec, Elodie Perrodeau, Simon J Bowman, Michele Bombardieri, Hendrika Bootsma, Jacques-Eric Gottenberg, Benjamin Fisher, Wolfgang Hueber, Joel A van Roon, Valérie Devauchelle-Pensec, Peter Gergely, Xavier Mariette, Raphael Porcher
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2022)

To develop a composite responder index in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS): the Sjögren's Tool for Assessing Response (STAR).
Trametinib versus standard of care in patients with recurrent low-grade serous ovarian cancer (GOG 281/LOGS): an international, randomised, open-label, multicentre, phase 2/3 trial
Authors: David M Gershenson, Austin Miller, William E Brady, James Paul, Karen Carty, William Rodgers, David Millan, Robert L Coleman, Kathleen N Moore, Susana Banerjee, Kate Connolly, Angeles Alvarez Secord, David M O'Malley, Oliver Dorigo, Stephanie Gaillard, Hani Gabra, Brian Slomovitz, Parviz Hanjani, John Farley, Michael Churchman, Ailith Ewing, Robert L Hollis, C Simon Herrington, Helen Q Huang, Lari Wenzel, Charlie Gourley
Journal: The Lancet (2022)
Abstract P226: Lifetime Discrimination And Weight Change: The Coronary Artery Risk Development In Young Adults (CARDIA) Study
Authors: Tiwaloluwa Ajibewa, Mercedes R Carnethon, Kiarri Kershaw, Catarina I Kiefe, Sarah Forrester, April P Carson, Norrina Allen
Journal: Circulation (2022)

Introduction: Discrimination is a stressor often coped with through unhealthy behavioral responses that can lead to weight gain. Given that discrimination can be experienced by many different social groups, there is greater need to understand the role of discrimination and weight gain across racial and gender groups. This study assessed whether perceived lifetime discriminatory experiences are associated with weight and weight gain longitudinally among Black and White adults. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that greater self-reported perceptions of discrimination will be associated with greater weight and weight gain longitudinally, with greater lifetime discriminatory experiences among women and Black participants. Methods: Data from 2,906 adults (40.2 years of age; 45.2% Black; 56.8% female; 184.2 lbs.; 12.8% endorsing 3 or more domains of lifetime discrimination) from 2000-2001 (year 15) of the CARDIA study were included. Linear regression was used to examine the association between discrimination and weight cross-sectionally, and weight change between years 15 and 30 (2015-2016). Results: Black men (50.8%) and women (41.6%) reported racial discrimination as the most common form of discrimination they experienced (endorsed 3 or more domains), while White men (6.4%) and women (25.4%) reported SES and gender-discrimination as the most common form of discrimination they experienced, respectively. Racial and SES-discrimination were positively associated with weight, whereas racial-, gender-, SES-, or total lifetime discrimination were not associated with weight change (Table). Conclusion: Higher racial and class-based discrimination experiences were associated with higher weight, while longitudinal findings did not support our hypotheses. Given the more common experiences of perceived discrimination among women and Black participants, continued longitudinal studies into the pathways by which discrimination leads to weight gain in these groups early in life is vital.
Safety and efficacy of phage therapy in difficult-to-treat infections: a systematic review
Authors: Saartje Uyttebroek, Baixing Chen, Jolien Onsea, Fred Ruythooren, Yves Debaveye, David Devolder, Isabel Spriet, Melissa Depypere, Jeroen Wagemans, Rob Lavigne, Jean-Paul Pirnay, Maya Merabishvili, Paul De Munter, Willy E Peetermans, Lieven Dupont, Laura Van Gerven, Willem-Jan Metsemakers
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2022)
Iron Polymaltose Infusion Effects on Bone Scintigraphy and Remodeling
Authors: Christine Kang, James Y. Jiang, Veronica Wong, Jennifer Man, Robert Mansberg
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2022)

A 73-year-old woman with metastatic breast cancer and known widespread skeletal metastases was referred for bone scintigraphy. Delayed images acquired at 2 and 5 hours postinjection of 30 mCi (1089 MBq) 99mTc-HDP demonstrated markedly reduced bony uptake, markedly increased renal activity, and significantly increased soft tissue accumulation. By contrast, appropriate skeletal uptake of 99mTc-HDP was seen in prior bone scans. The patient had been treated for iron deficiency anemia with an infusion of 1 g of iron polymaltose approximately 22 hours before injection of 99mTc-HDP. This phenomenon may be due to transient reduced bone resorption with increased FGF23 release secondary to IV iron supplementation.
A call for comparing theories of consciousness and data sharing
Authors: Sarah L. Eagleman, David M. Eagleman, Vinod Menon, Kimford J. Meador
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2022)

Abstract Merker, Williford, and Rudrauf make several arguments against the integrated information theory of consciousness; whereas some have merit, their conclusion that the theory should be discarded is premature. Coming years promise advances in the empirical study of consciousness, and only after theories are independently tested with shared data can they be ruled in or out. We propose future research directions.