tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Genetic counselling
Authors: J G Thornton, R J Lilford
Journal: BMJ (1988)

Finally, the authors report that their practice is to perform a laser cone biopsy when cytological abnormality persists or worsens after a normal colposcopic biopsy.We share their concern that women with abnormal cervical cytology should be rigorously followed up after a negative punch biopsy.As our paper questioned the effectiveness of colposcopically directed punch biopsy in ex- cluding disease, however, we believe that further information on the diagnostic yield of laser cone biopsy in these circumstances would be extremely valuable.
Endothelial sodium channel activation mediates DOCA-salt-induced endothelial cell and arterial stiffening
Authors: Liping Zhang, Yan Yang, Annayya R. Aroor, Guanghong Jia, Zhe Sun, Alan Parrish, Garrett Litherland, Benjamin Bonnard, Frederic Jaisser, James R. Sowers, Michael A. Hill
Journal: Metabolism (2022)
Inherited germline variants in urothelial cancer: A multicenter whole-exome sequencing analysis.
Authors: Wendy Kohlmann, David Nix, Aaron Atkinson, Kenneth M Boucher, Jill Kolesar, Eric A. Singer, Stephen B. Edge, Branda Quintana, Michelle L. Churchman, Bingjian Feng, Laura Graham, John D. Carpten, Alejandro Sanchez, Yousef Zakharia, Lindsey Byrne, Rohit K. Jain, Kenneth G. Nepple, Ahmad Shabsigh, Jad Chahoud, Sumati Gupta
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

451 Background: Outside of Lynch syndrome, few genetic factors have been associated with urothelial cancer (UC). This project seeks to describe the frequency of germline variants in a multi-center UC cohort. Methods: Patients diagnosed with UC from 1980 to 2019 and consented to the Total Cancer Care protocol by members of the Oncology Research Information Exchange Network (ORIEN) were included in the study. The ORIEN program includes a convenience sample of cases with both germline and tumor samples available, though this analysis was germline only. Whole exome sequencing data were analyzed using a GATK best practices for germline variant analysis. A series of quality control (allele frequency &gt; = 0.3, read depth &gt; = 20, genotype quality &gt; = 20), annotation, functional impact (loss of function/splicing), and region (cancer predisposition genes/pathways) filters were applied to identify variants of significant consequence. Results: 348 exomes were evaluated. This identified 60 variants classified as pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) and 17 novel, high impact variants in genes associated with high, moderate, or recessively inherited cancer risk in 77 individuals (22.1%). 15 (4.5%) had P/LP variants in genes associated with a high or moderate cancer risk, and 10 (3%) of these variants were considered to be clinically actionable with associated with cancer screening, risk reduction or treatment recommendations. The high/moderate risk genes with P/LP variants included CHEK2 (n = 5), FANCM (n = 4), MSH6 (n = 2) and single cases of MSH2, BRCA2, ERCC3, and BRIP1. The average age of diagnosis in those with and without a high/moderate risk P/LP variant was 67.6 (57-80 yrs) and 68.9 (45-91 yrs). Family history of cancer was reported for 73% of those with a germline LP/PV and 60% of those without, but this trend was not significant (p =.44). Conclusions: Individuals with UC have a high frequency of germline variants that warrant further study for association with cancer risk. A smaller, but significant portion also carry germline variants that may be clinically relevant to them and/or family members. Currently UC is not included in genetic testing criteria. This study adds to the growing body of research indicating that diverse types of cancer patients harbor germline variants. Strategies for expanding testing should be considered.
Idiopathic scoliosis.
Authors: R. A. Dickson
Journal: BMJ (1989)

rights, in practice the stated provision to meet the child's special nceds is often expressed in very general terms.One district general manager described this as "a professionally and ethically unacceptable situation, with which, however, we are forced to live."Successfully implementing the arrangements for children with special educational needs depends on optimal resources, liaison, and communication.There are major problems in many educational services, which are not eased by a widespread lack of common boundaries between health and education authorities, poorly integrated health services for children, and the low baseline from which many community health services have been operating.Recent cuts have exacer- bated matters further.The conclusion must be that many children with special needs are not having these needs met.More resources, money, and staff are needed.NAHA wants the Department of Education and Science and the Department of Health to respond to its report and to set out a timetable for action
Medical Schools in the United States
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical Education in Italy
Authors: F. H. Burton-Brown
Journal: BMJ (1901)

Certain others-for ex1ample, Perugia-give instruction in the preliminary jects of the course of medical study, but no clinical instruc- tion; and therefore a student who has passed his preliminary examinations at one of these has to betake himself for years of clinical study to onp of the universities of the first rank" to obtain his M.D.This is the only qualification cognised by the Italian law for Italian medical men, and universities which grant it are directly responsible Minister; they are nowise independent as regards the standard of their examinations or official courses.so that the standard of medical education is in theory remarkably uniform out Italy.THE CURRICULUM.The academic year lasts from the middle of October end of July.Of this period the first fortnight and the six weeks are given over entirely to examinations; and there as well vacations at Christmas and Easter of about each, so that the actual teaching year consists of twenty-seven weeks.The period of study required law of the Italian medical student consists in six academic years, during which he has to attend courses in twenty-two subjects, and to pass examinations in these before he is mitted to the final examination or that for the M.D.examinations may he paused in any order the student prefers, so that a student who fails in any particular one is not thereby put out of his year; he goes on with his regular course studies; he has merely to pay particular attention subject he has failed in, and tohave another attempt end of the next year.There are22examinations rezureed.
High-dose, high-frequency ustekinumab therapy for patients with severe hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Simon W. Jiang, Jeffery T. Kwock, Beiyu Liu, Amy J. Petty, Aaron T. Zhao, Cynthia L. Green, Tarannum Jaleel
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2022)

In this case series, ustekinumab therapy demonstrated efficacy in some patients with severe hidradenitis suppurativa previously treated with adalimumab and/or infliximab. Larger prospective studies are needed to evaluate ustekinumab as a treatment option for recalcitrant hidradenitis suppurativa.
Management of the stove-in chest with paradoxical movement.
Journal: BMJ (1977)

different clearance rates and routes of metabolism.This suggests that impaired hepatic function can be expected to reduce the clearance of most drugs that are eliminated by the liver irrespective of the mechanism of drug clearance, and furthermore the degree of impairment seems to be quantitatively similar.It seems, then, that there is no cause for alarm, and the results of the Bristol study7 suggest that diazepam remains the drug of choice for sedation in liver disease.Obviously it should be given with care in small doses, only when absolutely essential, and preferably by slow intravenous infusion, since the maximum clinical effect is seen within minutes of injection and the correct dose is easily found.Particular caution is needed in patients with low serum albumin concentrations or a history of hepatic encephalopathy.
AMA Insights
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abdominal tuberculosis.
Authors: P F Schofield
Journal: Gut (1985)

Abdominal tuberculosisTuberculosis is a disease which has affected mankind for many centuries.An early reference to probable intestinal tuberculosis was made in 1643 when the autopsy on Louis XIII showed ulcerative intestinal lesions associated with a large pulmonary cavity.'In the 19th and early 20th centuries, however, tuberculosis was seen as a common disease associated with the poor in overcrowded conditions.In the United Kingdom the situation has progressively improved because of various preventive measures introduced in this century.These have virtually eradicated bovine tuberculosis, but the human strain still persists.In the immediate postwar years with the discovery of streptomycin and other drugs effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, there was much talk of conquering the scourge of tuberculosis.Unfortunately the disease is still a scourge in developing countries and it does occur in the western world although the incidence is less.2In the developed countries there is a change in pattern, with a greater predominance of non-pulmonary, including abdominal tuberculosis.3Furthermore, although some of the patients may have co-incident pulmonary disease there is an increased proportion who have intra- abdominal disease alone.3It is in this group that the diagnostic problems are particularly difficult.In this issue, Palmer and his coworkers emphasise that abdominal tuberculosis is still present in Britain.4They go on to say that it is a common disease.This statement is more debatable, but in certain cities in the United Kingdom the disease is definitely not rare.It is apparent that more of the recent clinical papers on abdominal tuberculosis in Britain have come from centres with a large Asian population.58Palmer and his colleagues emphasise that Brent is in their catchment area.4Addison reports from Bradfords and Ormerod and Klimach from Blackburn,6 two northern towns in which there is a considerable Asian community.The only recent paper which has a predominance of white citizens comes from Cardiff.9 Various workers have studied the probabilities of an individual developing abdominal tuberculo- sis, but the Blackburn study indicates that the risk for white citizens is 0-43 per 100 000, whereas that in the Asian population is 35-7 per 100 000.6Many of the Asians are immigrants, but the period of residence varies markedly from as short as two months, to as long as 20 years.The mean length of stay in this country was 4±0-9 years in the paper reported in this issue4 and 7-52 years in the Blackburn series.In less than 20% of the cases is there reason to believe that the tuberculosis infection was present on arrival, which seems to indicate that the Asian population are either a susceptible group,6 or suffer from late recrudescence of inactive disease.5Many investigators have found the symptoms and signs of abdominal tuberculosis rather variable and non-specific.This is not surprising when
Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: Robert J. Fass
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Urinary tract infections include a spectrum of clinical entities in which the presence of bacteriuria is the common denominator. Other types of microorganisms such as viruses and fungi may also infect the urinary tract but usually do so under special circumstances of systemic infection or decreased host resistance. The purpose of this report is to review a large volume of data<sup>1-7</sup>on bacteriuria, with emphasis on what is applicable to adopting a sound clinical approach to diagnosis and treatment. <h3>Pathogenesis</h3> While urinary tract infections occasionally result from the hematogenous spread of bacteria from distant foci of infection or via lymphatics that drain the lower gastrointestinal or genital tracts, they usually result from the intraluminal ascent of fecal bacteria which normally contaminate the distal urethra (Fig 1). The risk of bladder colonization is generally minimized by normal body defenses. With the voiding mechanism intact, most bacteria are washed out when the
Razoxane in treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia.
Authors: S Barber, P Gell, R Coombs, In Harrison'
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Juel-Jensen's syndrome ?) ?Perhaps this explains the lack of concern about the un- palatability of heavily chlorinated water.I still maintain that flavouring is "very well worth while" when trying to force fluids into an anorexic, nauseated, uncooperative, delirious, and dehydrated patient.May I also thank Dr D L Child and his colleagues (14 October, p 1086) for their suggestions, which I accept?A parenteral form of chloroquine should have been included and its omission was a transcription error on my part.Chloramphenicol is undoubtedly useful, though I am less sure of co-trimoxozole in patients who have taken Streptotriad prophylactically.Finally, I would prefer to prescribe Nystaform-HC (nystatin, iodochlorhydroxyquin, and hydrocortisone) to clotrimazole, since the former rapidly alleviates the common allergic component of candidiasis, but this is a quibble.
Erratum: Preferential sensitivity of hematopoietic (HPs) and mesenchymal (MPs) progenitors to fludarabine suggests impaired bone marrow niche and HP mobilization
Authors: M G Berger, J Berger, C Richard, S Jeanpierre, F E Nicolini, O Tournilhac, M Michallet, V Maguer-Satta
Journal: Leukemia (2008)
Fetal haemoglobin, sickling, and thalassaemia: a therapeutic lead?
Journal: BMJ (1978)

mending great caution in what is still an experimental treatment and for keeping careful records and measurements of what is being done.Nevertheless, when psoriasis is of such severity that potentially toxic drugs like methotrexate are under con- sideration, PUVA is probablv the treatment of choice where it is available.
VAX014 for instillation in subjects with nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer.
Authors: Seth P. Lerner, Lawrence Ivan Karsh, Michael A. O'Donnell, Neal D. Shore, Yair Lotan, Shingo Tsuji, Matthew Giacalone
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

488 Background: VAX014 is a novel tumor targeted oncolytic agent for intravesical administration. It is comprised of recombinant bacterial minicells, that actively target a3b1 and a5b1 integrins expressed on NMIBC and deliver an active cytotoxic/oncolytic protein payload, perfringolysin O. VAX014 is being investigated for the intravesical treatment of NMIBC in an ongoing multi-center Phase 1 marker lesion trial in subjects with low grade Ta disease (NCT 03854721). Methods: Subjects with up to 5 pathologically confirmed TaG1 lesions ≥ 5mm but ≤ 15mm are eligible to receive six (6) weekly intravesical instillations of VAX014. Subjects with presence or history of high-grade bladder cancer are ineligible. Phase 1a will establish the MTD using a 3+3 design. After the DSMB establishes the RP2D, a Phase 1b expansion will use this dose to treat an additional 10 patients. Results: No serious adverse events or dose limiting toxicities have been recorded through two dose cohorts (3 + 3 design) and evidence of clinical response has been observed. Treatment related adverse events have been limited to Grade 1/2 hematuria, dysuria, and urgency. Preclinical studies indicate the pharmacodynamic activity of VAX014 following weekly intravesical administration to immune competent mice bearing bladder tumors is immune dependent and synergizes with systemic PD-L1 blockade to eliminate organ confined tumors and extravesical tumors. Surviving mice are capable of rejecting tumor rechallenge due to development of protective antitumor immunologic memory in response to therapy. Exploratory immunohistochemical target validation studies in bladder tumor biopsy specimens from subjects with more advanced stage tumors (T1-T3), indicate overexpression of VAX014’s target integrins, a3b1 and a5b1, in most samples tested. Conclusions: These clinical and preclinical data support the further development of VAX014 for the intravesical treatment of NMIBC and set a foundation for combination therapy with systemically administered immune checkpoint blockade in subjects with advanced disease. Clinical trial information: NCT03854721.
Etiology, occurrence, and consequences of implant loss
Authors: Cristiano Tomasi, Jan Derks
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2022)

Abstract Implant therapy aims at providing the patient with a functional and esthetically pleasing rehabilitation in a long‐term perspective. The loss of an implant constitutes a major complication, which may have an impact on the treatment plan and/or jeopardize the longevity of the restoration. Implant loss may occur during the phase of osseointegration (early) or at a later time when the previously achieved osseointegration is lost (late). The present work evaluates the evidence on the occurrence of both events and discusses etiology, risk factors, and consequences.
Mortality Among Adults With Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy or Immunotherapy and Infected With COVID-19
Authors: Csilla Várnai, Claire Palles, Roland Arnold, Helen M. Curley, Karin Purshouse, Vinton W. T. Cheng, Stephen Booth, Naomi A. Campton, Graham P. Collins, Daniel J. Hughes, Austin G. Kulasekararaj, Alvin J. X. Lee, Anna C. Olsson-Brown, Archana Sharma-Oates, Mieke Van Hemelrijck, Lennard Y. W. Lee, Rachel Kerr, Gary Middleton, Jean-Baptiste Cazier, Sian Pugh, Pippa Corrie, Ahmed Bedair, Madeleine Hewish, Pauline Leonard, Jack Illingworth, Stephen Hibbs, Nicolaos Diamantis, Samah Massalha, Claire Fuller, Caroline Usbourne, Duncan Gilbert, Jennifer Davies, Tom Newsom-Davis, Rachel Sharkey, Rebecca Lee, Ann Tivey, Rohan Shotton, Clare Griffin, Laura Horsley, Simon Shamas, Joseph J Sacco, Madbuba Choudhury, Jillian Noble, Heather Shaw, Rachel Bolton, Ana Ferreira, Peter Hall, Paul Ramage, Jaishree Bhosle, Alison Massey, Michaela Hill, Leena Mukherjee, Aisha Ghaus, Sarah Derby, Sean Brown, Sarah Lowndes, Saorise Dolly, Beth Russell, Charlotte Moss, Daniel Muller, Annet Pillai, Shakeel Lowe, Lucy Cook, Christopher Scrase, Rema Jyothirmayi, Ruth Board, Stephanie Cornthwaite, Shefail Parikh, Emma Cattell, Nicola Cox, Abigail Gault, Sam Moody, Caroline Dobeson, Mark Baxter, Tom Roques, Alexander Pawsey, Roderick Oakes, Lucinda Melcher, Olivia Chan, Sarah Ayers, Helen Bowyer, Mohammed Althohami, Sajjan Mittal, Laura Feeney, Avinash Aujayeb, Omar Sheikh, Sangary Kathirgamakarthigeyan, Victoria Woodcock, Francesca Holt, Simon Wyatt, Oliver Topping, Michael Tilby, Madhumita Bhattacharyya, Emma Burke, Shawn Ellis, Joseph Chacko, Taslima Rabbi, Michael Rowe, Rebecca Sargent, Christina Thirlwell, Jack Gibson, Robert Goldstein, Mathew Fittall, Spyridon Gennatas, Alicia Okines, James Best, Tania Tillett, Emily Renninson, Simon Grumett, Craig Barrington, Ruth Pettengell, YingyYing Peng, Julia Chackathayil, Akinfemi Akingboye, Helen Hollis, Ik Shin Chin, Vartika Bisht, Simon Hartley, Christopher P Middleton, Anshita Goel, Emily Protheroe, Paingfan Naksukpaiboon, Iris Anil, Joel Michell, Jamie D'Costa, Anjui Wu, Diego Ottaviani, Gehan Soosaipillai, Myria Galazi, Neha Chopra, Sarah Benafif, Christopher CT Sng, Sophia YN Wong, Martin Scott-Brown, Ellen Copson, Timothy Robinson, Zoe Hudson, Fiona Smith, Ali-Abdulnabi Mohamed, Angelos Angelakas, Leoni Eastlake, Ashley Poon-King, Clair Brunner, Amy Kwan, Alec Maynard, Hayley Boyce, Emma Spurrell, Rahul Peck, Bartlomiej Kurec
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Large cohorts of patients with active cancers and COVID-19 infection are needed to provide evidence of the association of recent cancer treatment and cancer type with COVID-19 mortality.
Alcoholic liver disease.
Authors: A Basile
Journal: BMJ (1977)

the dopaminergic system.:'Thus the usual release of extrapyramidal overactivity by neuroleptics blocking dopamine receptors would be expected to occur less frequently in demented patients.In view of the con- siderable pressure, which is likely to increase in the future, on inadequate psychogeriatric services from an aging population the use of haloperidol should, I feel, be recom- mended as the drug of choice to help keep more elderly patients in the community.In 18 months, of 184 domiciliary visits, 40 were to demented patients (22 %); this re- flects the seriousness of this problem in general adult psychiatric practice in a representative urban community.
Allergy abstracts
Authors: Murray Albert Brooklyn, N Eugene, Walzer Bridgeport, Neil Goldman, &sitting Sheldon Berger Freehold, N Harold, Friedman Clewland, Monroe Ohio, Sramford Coleman, N Siegel Brooklyn, Kailin Eloise, Wush Sequirn, Spring Stein, N Valley
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1977)
Prostatic Obstruction
Authors: H. H. Stewart
Journal: BMJ (1949)

Any suggestion of a means test at the stage when a subject is about to begin a course of rehabilitation will cause many to refuse to accept such services.Many chest physicians believe that rehabilitation is a part of treatment, and if this is free then rehabilitation should also be free.It is hoped that those responsible will realize that the harm that will be done by application of a means test and the collection of small sums from the disabled can never be compensated