tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Correction to Lancet Glob Health 2022; 10: e482–90
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2022)

Seferidi P, Hone T, Duran AC, Bernabe-Ortiz A, Millett C. Global inequalities in the double burden of malnutrition and associations with globalisation: a multilevel analysis of Demographic and Healthy Surveys from 55 low-income and middle-income countries, 1992–2018. Lancet Glob Health 2022; 10: e482–90—In this Article, in the title and abstract, where it reads “Demographic and Healthy Surveys”, it should read “Demographic and Health Surveys”. This correction has been made as of March 15, 2022.
BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN-9 (BMP9) IS REQUIRED FOR SURVIVAL AND LIMITS LEFT VENTRICULAR MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE ACTIVITY AFTER ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Shreyas Bhave, Lija Swain, Xiaoying Qiao, Michele Esposito, Gregory Martin, Kay Everett, William Surks, Tejasvi Aryaputra, Navin Kapur
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
High-flow nasal oxygen alone or alternating with non-invasive ventilation in critically ill immunocompromised patients with acute respiratory failure: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Rémi Coudroy, Jean-Pierre Frat, Stephan Ehrmann, Frédéric Pène, Maxens Decavèle, Nicolas Terzi, Gwenaël Prat, Charlotte Garret, Damien Contou, Arnaud Gacouin, Jeremy Bourenne, Christophe Girault, Christophe Vinsonneau, Jean Dellamonica, Guylaine Labro, Sébastien Jochmans, Alexandre Herbland, Jean-Pierre Quenot, Jérôme Devaquet, Dalila Benzekri, Emmanuel Vivier, Saad Nseir, Gwenhaël Colin, Didier Thevenin, Giacomo Grasselli, David Bougon, Mona Assefi, Claude Guérin, Thierry Lherm, Achille Kouatchet, Stephanie Ragot, Arnaud W Thille
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2022)
Abstract ES6-1: Approving New Therapies for Early Breast Cancer
Authors: S Wedam
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

Abstract The approval of a therapy by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of early breast cancer (EBC) requires substantial evidence of efficacy and an acceptable benefit-to risk evaluation from adequate and well-controlled investigations. There are two different regulatory pathways by which the FDA may approve drugs and biologics for the treatment of cancer. Regular or traditional approvals are based on the demonstration of direct clinical benefit, such as an improvement in survival or disease-related symptoms, or an improvement in an established surrogate. Examples of endpoints used for regular approval in EBC include invasive disease-free survival (IDFS) and event free survival (EFS). In 1992, new regulations were implemented, allowing for the accelerated approval (AA) of drugs for serious or life-threatening diseases in which the drugs seem to provide benefit over available therapy. AA is based on a surrogate or intermediate endpoint that is reasonably likely to predict clinical benefit. A post marketing requirement to confirm the effect on a direct clinical benefit is required. An example of an endpoint used for AA in EBC is pathologic complete response (pCR). Pertuzumab, neratinib, ado-trastuzumab emtansine and pembrolizumab have all received approvals for treatment of breast cancer in the neo/adjuvant setting over the last decade. Some of these approvals will be discussed to highlight various efficacy endpoints and clinical trial design features that may be used in the early breast cancer setting. Citation Format: S Wedam. Approving New Therapies for Early Breast Cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr ES6-1.
Effects of Atrial Fibrillation on the Human Ventricle
Authors: Steffen Pabel, Maria Knierim, Thea Stehle, Felix Alebrand, Michael Paulus, Marcel Sieme, Melissa Herwig, Friedrich Barsch, Thomas Körtl, Arnold Pöppl, Brisca Wenner, Senka Ljubojevic-Holzer, Cristina E. Molina, Nataliya Dybkova, Daniele Camboni, Thomas H. Fischer, Simon Sedej, Daniel Scherr, Christof Schmid, Christoph Brochhausen, Gerd Hasenfuß, Lars S. Maier, Nazha Hamdani, Katrin Streckfuss-Bömeke, Samuel Sossalla
Journal: Circulation Research (2022)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure often coexist, but their interaction is poorly understood. Clinical data indicate that the arrhythmic component of AF may contribute to left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. This study investigates the effects and molecular mechanisms of AF on the human LV. Ventricular myocardium from patients with aortic stenosis and preserved LV function with sinus rhythm or rate-controlled AF was studied. LV myocardium from patients with sinus rhythm and patients with AF showed no differences in fibrosis. In functional studies, systolic Ca2+ transient amplitude of LV cardiomyocytes was reduced in patients with AF, while diastolic Ca2+ levels and Ca2+ transient kinetics were not statistically different. These results were confirmed in LV cardiomyocytes from nonfailing donors with sinus rhythm or AF. Moreover, normofrequent AF was simulated in vitro using arrhythmic or rhythmic pacing (both at 60 bpm). After 24 hours of AF-simulation, human LV cardiomyocytes from nonfailing donors showed an impaired Ca2+ transient amplitude. For a standardized investigation of AF-simulation, human iPSC-cardiomyocytes were tested. Seven days of AF-simulation caused reduced systolic Ca2+ transient amplitude and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ load likely because of an increased diastolic sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ leak. Moreover, cytosolic Na+ concentration was elevated and action potential duration was prolonged after AF-simulation. We detected an increased late Na+ current as a potential trigger for the detrimentally altered Ca2+/Na+-interplay. Mechanistically, reactive oxygen species were higher in the LV of patients with AF. CaMKII (Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIδc) was found to be more oxidized at Met281/282 in the LV of patients with AF leading to an increased CaMKII activity and consequent increased RyR2 phosphorylation. CaMKII inhibition and ROS scavenging ameliorated impaired systolic Ca2+ handling after AF-simulation. AF causes distinct functional and molecular remodeling of the human LV. This translational study provides the first mechanistic characterization and the potential negative impact of AF in the absence of tachycardia on the human ventricle.
Prediction of histone post-translational modification patterns based on nascent transcription data
Authors: Zhong Wang, Alexandra G. Chivu, Lauren A. Choate, Edward J. Rice, Donald C. Miller, Tinyi Chu, Shao-Pei Chou, Nicole B. Kingsley, Jessica L. Petersen, Carrie J. Finno, Rebecca R. Bellone, Douglas F. Antczak, John T. Lis, Charles G. Danko
Journal: Nature Genetics (2022)
Cardiac remodelling – Part 1: From cells and tissues to circulating biomarkers. A review from the Study Group on Biomarkers of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology
Authors: Arantxa González, A. Mark Richards, Rudolf A. de Boer, Thomas Thum, Henrike Arfsten, Martin Hülsmann, Inês Falcao‐Pires, Javier Díez, Roger S.Y. Foo, Mark Y. Chan, Alberto Aimo, Chukwuemeka G. Anene‐Nzelu, Magdy Abdelhamid, Stamatis Adamopoulos, Stefan D. Anker, Yuri Belenkov, Tuvia Ben Gal, Alain Cohen‐Solal, Michael Böhm, Ovidiu Chioncel, Victoria Delgado, Michele Emdin, Ewa A. Jankowska, Finn Gustafsson, Loreena Hill, Tiny Jaarsma, James L. Januzzi, Pardeep S. Jhund, Yuri Lopatin, Lars H. Lund, Marco Metra, Davor Milicic, Brenda Moura, Christian Mueller, Wilfried Mullens, Julio Núñez, Massimo F. Piepoli, Amina Rakisheva, Arsen D. Ristić, Patrick Rossignol, Gianluigi Savarese, Carlo G. Tocchetti, Sophie Van Linthout, Maurizio Volterrani, Petar Seferovic, Giuseppe Rosano, Andrew J.S. Coats, Antoni Bayés‐Genís
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2022)
NEW ONSET ATRIAL TACHYCARDIA AND GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME AFTER MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY THERAPY FOR COVID-19
Authors: Antonio Lewis, Jenakan Dev, Jose Sleiman, Abdullah Sarkar, Alejandro Sanchez, Dipan Uppal, Manojna Nimmagadda, Diana Miranda, Eduardo Javier Perez, Craig R. Asher
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Abstract P4-04-10: Pharmacological targeting of cholinergic receptors as a novel breast cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Brian P. Eliceiri, Jin Qian, Sarah Blair
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

Abstract There is a general consensus that the devastating effect of malignant breast cancers (MBCs) is due in part to the ability of breast tumors to exploit host immune functions by subverting normal mechanisms of immunosurveillance. For example, while immunotherapies based on immune checkpoint inhibition in lymphocytes have been associated with better prognosis in other cancers, the efficacy in breast cancer has been limited. We focus here on activating biochemical pathways in antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DCs) that are otherwise immunosuppressive to stimulate the activity of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes through a novel mechanism. To this end, we recently discovered using an immune-competent mouse model of MBC that breast cancer cells exploit adaptive immune cells such as DCs that express CHRNA7, the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Based on the importance of the CHRNA7 signaling pathway in the control of normal inflammation in macrophages in general, we show here that CHRNA7 stimulation in DCs leads to an activation of lymphocytes associated with a reduction in MBC. Specifically, mice lacking the CHRNA7 gene have (a) decreased survival, (b) increased tumor growth kinetics, (c) immunophenotyping revealed a reduction in the “cancer-permissive” phenotype in CHRNA7 KO mice, and (d), a commensurate reduction in T cell proliferation. Based on these mechanistic proof of principle studies, we demonstrate that in contrast to the loss of CHRNA7 in KO, pharmacological activation of CHRNA7 with AR-R17779 has the opposite effect by stimulating DCs to activate the adaptive immune response which leads to tumor progression and increased survival. These findings demonstrate the preclinical potential of AR-R17779 as a clinically relevant approach to stimulate the adaptive immune system through a novel pathway that has not been examined to date, and with a small molecule drug that is stable, specific and well-tolerated. Citation Format: Brian P. Eliceiri, Jin Qian, Sarah Blair. Pharmacological targeting of cholinergic receptors as a novel breast cancer immunotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-04-10.
Likelihood of Lung Cancer Screening by Poor Health Status and Race and Ethnicity in US Adults, 2017 to 2020
Authors: Alison S. Rustagi, Amy L. Byers, Salomeh Keyhani
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

<h3>Importance</h3> Lung cancer screening (LCS) via low-dose chest computed tomography can prevent mortality through surgical resection of early-stage cancers, but it is unknown whether poor health is associated with screening. Though LCS may be associated with better outcomes for non-Hispanic Black individuals, it is unknown whether racial or ethnic disparities exist in LCS use. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine whether health status is associated with LCS and whether racial or ethnic disparities are associated with LCS independently of health status. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This cross-sectional, population-based study of community-dwelling US adults used data from Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System annual surveys, 2017 to 2020. Participants were aged 55 to 79 years, with a greater than or equal to 30 pack-year smoking history, and were current smokers or those who quit within 15 years. Data were analyzed from August to November 2021. <h3>Exposures</h3> Self-reported health status and race and ethnicity. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Self-reported LCS in the last 12 months. <h3>Results</h3> Of 14 550 individuals (7802 men [55.5%]; 7527 [55.0%] aged 65-79 years [percentages are weighted]), representing 3.68 million US residents, 17.0% (95% CI, 15.1%-18.9%) reported undergoing LCS. The prevalence of LCS was lower among non-Hispanic Black than non-Hispanic White individuals but not to a significant degree (12.0% [95% CI, 4.3%-19.7%] vs 17.5% [95% CI, 15.6%-19.5%];<i>P</i> = .57). Health status was associated with LCS: 468 individuals in poor health vs 96 individuals in excellent health reported LCS (25.2% [95% CI, 20.6%-29.9%] vs 7.6% [95% CI, 5.0%-10.3%];<i>P</i> &lt; .001), and those with difficulty climbing stairs were more likely to report LCS than those without this functional limitation. Adjusting for sociodemographic factors, functional status, and comorbidities, self-rated health status remained associated with LCS (adjusted odds ratio, 1.19 per each 1-step decline in health; 95% CI, 1.03-1.38), and non-Hispanic Black individuals were 53% less likely to report LCS than non-Hispanic White individuals (adjusted odds ratio, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.24-0.90). Results were robust in sensitivity analyses in which health was alternatively quantified as number of comorbidities. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> LCS in the US is more common among those who may be less likely to benefit from screening because of poor underlying health. Furthermore, racial or ethnic disparities were evident after accounting for health status, with non-Hispanic Black individuals nearly half as likely as non-Hispanic White individuals to report LCS despite the potential for greater benefit of screening this population.
Circulating Palmitoyl Sphingomyelin Is Associated With Cardiovascular Disease in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: Findings From the China Da Qing Diabetes Study
Authors: Yanyan Chen, Hongmei Jia, Xin Qian, Jinping Wang, Meng Yu, Qiuhong Gong, Yali An, Hui Li, Sidong Li, Na Shi, Zhongmei Zou, Guangwei Li
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)

To investigate the association of potential cardiovascular disease (CVD) biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes.We enrolled 120 participants (aged 61.5-69.5 years) with type 2 diabetes and 60 (aged 62.5-73.5 years) with normal glucose tolerance in the discovery group from the original Da Qing Diabetes Study. Their diabetes status was confirmed in 1986; then, the participants were followed over 23 years to collect CVD outcome data. Untargeted and targeted metabolomics analyses based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry were used to identify potential markers. Multivariable regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between metabolites and CVD outcomes. An independent group of 335 patients (aged 67.0-77.0 years) with diabetes was used for biomarker validation.In the discovery group, untargeted metabolomics analysis found 16 lipids and fatty acids metabolites associated with CVD risk in patients with diabetes, with palmitoyl sphingomyelin (PSM) having the strongest association. Plasma PSM concentrations were significantly higher in cases of diabetes with CVD than without (41.68 ± 10.47 vs. 9.69 ± 1.47 μg/mL; P < 0.0001). The odds ratio (OR) of CVD for 1 µg/mL PSM change was 1.19 (95% CI 1.13-1.25) after adjustment of clinical confounders. The validation study confirmed that PSM was significantly associated with increased CVD risk in diabetes (OR 1.22 [95% CI 1.16-1.30]).Changes in lipid and fatty acid content were significantly associated with CVD risk in the Chinese population with diabetes. PSM is a potential biomarker of increased CVD risk in diabetes.
DOES CORONARY CALCIUM SCREENING INFLUENCE ANXIETY, DEPRESSION OR QUALITY OF LIFE IN ASYMPTOMATIC PATIENTS AT INTERMEDIATE RISK?
Authors: Kunal Verma, Kristyn Whitmore, Andrew Tonkin, Geoff Mitchell, Gerald Watts, Stephen J. Nicholls, Tony Stanton, Thomas H. Marwick
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
BURDEN OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES ATTRIBUTABLE TO RISK FACTORS IN PORTUGUESE-SPEAKING COUNTRIES: DATA FROM THE GLOBAL BURDEN OF DISEASE 2019 STUDY
Authors: Bruno Ramos Nascimento, Luisa Caldeira Brant, André D. Naback, Guilherme Augusto Veloso, Carisi A. Polanczyk, Antonio L. Ribeiro, Deborah C. Malta, Albano Vicente L. Ferreira, Gláucia Maria M. Oliveira
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
The SGLT2 Inhibitor Dapagliflozin Increases the Oxidation of Ingested Fatty Acids to Ketones in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Roselle A. Herring, Fariba Shojaee-Moradie, Mary Stevenage, Iain Parsons, Nicola Jackson, Jeewaka Mendis, Benita Middleton, A. Margot Umpleby, Barbara A. Fielding, Melanie Davies, David L. Russell-Jones
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)

To investigate the mechanism for increased ketogenesis following treatment with the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin in people with type 2 diabetes.The design was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study with a 4-week washout period. Participants received dapagliflozin or placebo in random order for 4 weeks. After each treatment, they ingested 30 mL of olive oil containing [U-13C]palmitate to measure ketogenesis, with blood sampling for 480 min. Stable isotopes of glucose and glycerol were infused to measure glucose flux and lipolysis, respectively, at 450-480 min.Glucose excretion rate was higher and peripheral glucose uptake lower with dapagliflozin than placebo. Plasma β-hydroxybutyrate (BOHB) concentrations and [13C2]BOHB concentrations were higher and glucose concentrations lower with dapagliflozin than placebo. Nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs) were higher with dapagliflozin at 300 and 420 min, but lipolysis at 450-480 min was not different. Triacylglycerol at all time points and endogenous glucose production rate at 450-480 min were not different between treatments.The increase in ketone enrichment from the ingested palmitic acid tracer suggests that meal-derived fatty acids contribute to the increase in ketones during treatment with dapagliflozin. The increase in BOHB concentration with dapagliflozin occurred with only minimal changes in plasma NEFA concentration and no change in lipolysis. This finding suggests a metabolic switch to increase ketogenesis within the liver.
Culturally adapting internet- and mobile-based health promotion interventions might not be worth the effort: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sumeyye Balci, Kerstin Spanhel, Lasse Bosse Sander, Harald Baumeister
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2022)

Abstract Health promotion interventions offer great potential in advocating a healthy lifestyle and the prevention of diseases. Some barriers to communicating health promotion to people of certain cultural groups might be overcome via the internet- and mobile-based interventions (IMI). This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to explore the effectiveness of culturally adapted IMI for health promotion interventions among culturally diverse populations. We systematically searched on Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EbscoHost/MEDLINE, Ovid/Embase, EbscoHost/PsychINFO, and Web of Science databases in October 2020. Out of 9438 records, 13 randomized controlled trials (RCT) investigating culturally adapted health promotion IMI addressing healthy eating, physical activity, alcohol consumption, sexual health behavior, and smoking cessation included. From the included studies 10,747 participants were eligible. Culturally adapted IMI proved to be non-superior over active control conditions in short- ( g = 0.10, [95% CI −0.19 to 0.40]) and long-term ( g = 0.20, [95% CI −0.11 to 0.51]) in promoting health behavior. However, culturally adapted IMI for physical activity ( k = 3, N = 296) compared to active controls yielded a beneficial effect in long-term ( g = 0.48, [95%CI 0.25 to 0.71]). Adapting health promotion IMI to the cultural context of different cultural populations seems not yet to be recommendable given the substantial adaption efforts necessary and the mostly non-significant findings. However, these findings need to be seen as preliminary given the limited number of included trials with varying methodological rigor and the partly substantial between-trial heterogeneity pointing in the direction of potentially useful culturally adapted IMI which now need to be disentangled from the less promising approaches. PROSPERO registration number: 42020152939
Pathophysiologic and Pharmacologic Considerations to Improve the Design and Application of Antibody–Drug Conjugates
Authors: Erwin R. Boghaert, Megan C. Cox, Kedar S. Vaidya
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

Abstract Antibody–drug conjugates (ADC) have emerged as one of the pillars of clinical disease management in oncology. The biggest hurdle to widespread development and application of ADCs has been a narrow therapeutic index. Advances in antibody technologies and formats as well as novel linker and payload chemistries have begun to facilitate structural improvements to ADCs. However, the interplay of structural characteristics with physiologic and pharmacologic factors determining therapeutic success has garnered less attention. This review elaborates on the pharmacology of ADCs, the pathophysiology of cancerous tissues, and the reciprocal consequences on ADC properties and functions. While most currently approved ADCs utilize either microtubule inhibition or DNA damage as primary mechanisms of action, we present arguments to expand this repertoire and highlight the need for payload mechanisms that exploit disease-specific vulnerabilities. We promote the idea that the choice of antibody format, targeting antigen, linker properties, and payload of an ADC should be deliberately fit for purpose by taking the pathophysiology of disease and the specific pharmacology of the drug entity into account, thus allowing a higher probability of clinical success.
PREDICTING THE SEVERITY AND OUTCOME OF PERSISTENT PULMONARY HYPERTENSION OF THE NEWBORN USING NEW ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY PARAMETERS
Authors: Ahmad Jabri, Faris I. Haddadin, Hani Hamade, Mohamed Farhan Nasser, Ahmad Al-Abdouh, Adnan Yousaf, Jafar Alzubi, Qais Radaideh, Beni Verma, Mohammad umer Butt
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
“DEPRESSION PARADOX”: FAVORABLE IN-HOSPITAL OUTCOMES OF FEMALE TAKOTSUBO SYNDROME PATIENTS WITH COMORBID DEPRESSION: A PROPENSITY-MATCHED ANALYSIS
Authors: Akhil Jain, Priya Shenwai, Ankita Lakshmanan, Neelima Gaddam, Kuchalambal Agadi, Sashwath Srikanth,. Neha, Aamer Mohammad, Bhavyasri Merugu, Rupak Desai
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
PREDICTORS OF HEART FAILURE HOSPITALIZATION AFTER TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION: A META ANALYSIS
Authors: Harshwardhan Khandait, Sonali Sachdeva, Jenish Bhandari, Hardik Fichadiya, Farah Yasmin, Rupak Desai, Ankit Vyas, Akhil Jain, Apurva Badheka
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
SEX DIFFERENCES IN SHORT TERM CLINICAL OUTCOMES AFTER SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA CATHETER ABLATION PROCEDURES: A NATIONWIDE ANALYSIS
Authors: Mahmoud Khalil, Ahmed M. Maraey, Ahmed Elzanaty, Muhammad Haisum Maqsood, Ahmed Younes, Mohamed Shokr
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
PROLONGED CARDIOVASCULAR RISK AFTER ≥15 YEARS SMOKING CESSATION IN OLDER FORMER SMOKERS
Authors: Amiya Ahmed, Evangelos Kanonidis, Phillip Hong Lam, Helen Sheriff, Prakash C. Deedwania, Samir Patel, Gregg C. Fonarow, Ioannis Kanonidis, Richard Allman, Charles Faselis, Ali Ahmed
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
18F-FDG PET/CT Findings in a Woman With Kaposiform Hemangioendothelioma in the Sacrum
Authors: Haiqing Xu, Liejing Song, Jun Duan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2022)

Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma is a rare vascular tumor with borderline malignancy and is typically diagnosed in infancy or early childhood. It most commonly affects cutaneous tissues, whereas the subtype with only primary bone involvement is extremely rare. Herein, we report a case of Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma involving the sacrum in a 37-year-old woman, with intense 18F-FDG accumulation in the lytic lesion on PET/CT. This case indicates that Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma with the primary bone involvement should be taken into consideration as a rare differential diagnosis for lytic lesions with increased 18F-FDG uptake on PET/CT.