tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Behavioral Characteristics and Related Factors Among CKD Patients in South Korea During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Yaerim Kim, Jeonghwan Lee, Jae Yoon Park, Jung Nam An, Kyung Don Yoo, Yong Chul Kim, Woo Yeong Park, Kyubok Jin, Dong Ki Kim, Jung Pyo Lee
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2021)

Background: The recent novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has led to unprecedented changes in behavior. We evaluated the current status of precautionary behavior and physical activity in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A population of CKD patients (n=306) registered in a SKETCH (Study on Kidney disease and EnvironmenTal Chemicals, Clinical Trial No. NCT04679168) cohort recruited from June 2020 to October 2020 was included in the study. We conducted a questionnaire survey related to (1) risk perception of COVID-19, (2) hygienic behavior, (3) social distancing, and (4) physical activity during the past year (before the pandemic) and during the pandemic. To compare behaviors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Wilcoxon-signed rank test was used. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the relative factors related to risk recognition or behavior changes. Results: There were 187 (61.1%) patients with eGFR <45 mL/min/1.73 m2. This population showed a higher degree of risk perception for COVID-19 than the general population. During the pandemic, social distancing and hygiene-related behavior was significantly increased (P <0.001). The frequency of exercise was decreased only among those with regular exercise, without diabetes, or with a lower Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) (P <0.001), with no change among the other groups. Socioeconomic status and comorbidities significantly affected behavioral characteristics regardless of the category. Age was the most significant determinant of risk perception among CKD patients. Education and income were significantly associated with precautionary behaviors such as staying at home and hand sanitizer use. Also, patients with higher CCI status significantly increased their frequency of exercise (adjusted OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.01-4.38). Conclusions: CKD patients showed higher risk-perception with active precautionary behavioral changes than the general population. Healthcare providers should be aware of the characteristics to comprise precautionary behavior without reducing the physical activity.
Public Involvement in Medical Ethics
Authors: Morris B. Abram, Susan M. Wolf
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

When Congress in 1978 created the President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research, the federal government claimed unprecedented power over ethical issues in medical practice. The commission's term has recently expired, and proposals for a successor body are being considered. The question is whether the government should be making pronouncements on medical ethics and if so, how. This article argues for a government role of limited scope and evaluates the mechanism Congress chose, the independent advisory commission, against others recently proposed. We conclude that the alternatives will not fulfill a proper government role and that the temporary independent advisory commission is the most appropriate model.
TCT-144 Procedural and 30-Day Outcomes of Patients Undergoing TAVI-in-TAVI: Insights From the TVT Registry
Authors: Alan Zajarias, S. Malaisrie, Mayra Guerrero, Amanda Stebbins, Marc Sintek, John Lasala, Andrew Vekstein, Spencer Melby, Nishath Quader, Sreekanth Vemulapalli
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Salt Substitute Cut Disease and Death Rates in Large Trial
Authors: Anita Slomski
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
TCT-457 Contralateral Effects of Unilateral Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis for Bilateral Acute Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Ignacio Seropian, Vanesa Di Caro, Juan Ignacio Damonte, Carlos Rojas Matas, Ignacio Bluro, Daniel Berrocal
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
COVID-19 and CKD: An Overview of Reviews to Inform the World Health Organization Scientific Brief
Authors: Sara S. Jdiaa, Razan Mansour, Abdallah E. Alayli, Archana Gautam, Preston J. Thomas, Reem Mustafa
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2021)

Background: The World Health organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 as a global pandemic in March of 2020. Many studies have assessed the association between different comorbidities and COVID-19 outcomes. In this overview of reviews, we aim to summarize the association between CKD and different COVID-19 outcomes. Methods: We performed a systematic search through Embase, PubMed, Epistemonikos, and Cochrane as well as preprint databases from January 1, 2020 to January 5, 2021. After searching systematic reviews, we updated the search by identifying primary studies published after August 2020, which was the date of last search in the reviews. We focused on systematic reviews and large primary studies. We followed the GRADE methodology to assess the certainty in effect estimates. Data was pooled based on random effects model. Results: We included a total of 69 systematic reviews and 66 primary studies in our overview. We did not identify any systematic reviews that directly reports on CKD and the risk of contracting COVID-19. There was no convincing difference on the risk of acquiring COVID-19 infection in patients with and without CKD in primary studies (OR = 1.00, 95% CI 0.76-1.33). CKD is associated with higher risk of COVID-19 related mortality pooled hazard ratio (HR) 1.48 (95% CI 1.33-1.65) and pooled odds ratio (OR) 1.77 (95% CI 1.54-2.02)(moderate certainty), hospitalization pooled risk ratio (RR) 1.63 (95% CI 1.03-2.58) (moderate certainty) and disease severity pooled RR 1.56 (95% CI 1.3-1.86) (moderate certainty). Notably, the risk of COVID-19 attributed hospitalization and mortality were higher in patients with more advanced CKD stage. Conclusions: Evidence consistently demonstrated an increased risk of mortality, hospitalization and disease severity in patients with CKD and COVID-19 infection. The results highlight the importance of recognizing patients with CKD as a high-risk group and of prioritizing these patients for COVID-19 prevention strategies including vaccination.
Comparative Effectiveness of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors vs Sulfonylureas in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: David Goldberg
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
TCT-488 Conduction Disturbance, Pacemaker Rates, and Hospital Length of Stay Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Toshiaki Isogai, Shashank Shekhar, Omar Abdelfattah, Khaldoun Tarakji, Oussama Wazni, Ankur Kalra, James Yun, Amar Krishnaswamy, Grant Reed, Rishi Puri, Samir Kapadia
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and antiviral activity of the capsid inhibitor (CI) AB-506 in healthy subjects (HS) and chronic hepatitis B (CHB) subjects
Authors: Rmf Yuen, E Berliba, W Sukeepaisarnjaroen, SH Ahn, T Tanwandee, Y-S Lim, YJ Kim, K Poovorawan, P Tangkijvanich, Hly Chan, T Eley, J Brown, C Moore, Ach Lee, J Kim, EP Thi, N Mani, R Rijnbrand, A Cole, MJ Sofia, GR Picchio, K Sims, EJ Gane
Journal: Hepatology (2019)
2021 AHA/ACC/ASE/CHEST/SAEM/SCCT/SCMR Guideline for the Evaluation and Diagnosis of Chest Pain
Authors: Martha Gulati, Phillip D. Levy, Debabrata Mukherjee, Ezra Amsterdam, Deepak L. Bhatt, Kim K. Birtcher, Ron Blankstein, Jack Boyd, Renee P. Bullock-Palmer, Theresa Conejo, Deborah B. Diercks, Federico Gentile, John P. Greenwood, Erik P. Hess, Steven M. Hollenberg, Wael A. Jaber, Hani Jneid, José A. Joglar, David A. Morrow, Robert E. O’Connor, Michael A. Ross, Leslee J. Shaw
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Membrane-delimited signaling and cytosolic action of MG53 preserve hepatocyte integrity during drug-induced liver injury
Authors: Yu Han, Sylvester Black, Zhengfan Gong, Zhi Chen, Jae-kyun Ko, Zhongshu Zhou, Tianyang Xia, Dandong Fang, Donghai Yang, Daqian Gu, Ziyue Zhang, Hongmei Ren, Xudong Duan, Brenda F. Reader, Ping Chen, Yongsheng Li, Jung-Lye Kim, Zhongguang Li, Xuehong Xu, Li Guo, Xinyu Zhou, Erin Haggard, Hua Zhu, Tao Tan, Ken Chen, Jianjie Ma, Chunyu Zeng
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2021)
TCT-227 Calculation of Aortic Valve Area With the Use of Echocardiography and CT Imaging Versus Echocardiography Alone for More Accurate Assessment of the Severity of Aortic Stenosis
Authors: J. Bradley Oldemeyer, Mohamad Lazkani, Justin Strote, Stephen Treat, Abhishek Sawant
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Children’s charter for lung health
Authors: Nicholas S Hopkinson, Warren Lenney, Simon Langton-Hewer, Jonathan Bennett, Ema Swingwood, Alison Hughes, Andrew Whittamore, Sarah Woolnough
Journal: Thorax (2021)

Every child and young person has the right to breathe clean air, with healthy lungs. Preconception, in utero and early life exposures, affect children’s lungs, their lung growth and their long-term health. Government, societal and individual action to address this is needed, including the provision and distribution of the necessary resources, both to protect children now and to prevent future ill health, disability and premature death.1–5 Government, charities, professional bodies and other organisations must consider impacts on child health in all their policies and ensure that children, as well as their families and carers, have appropriate protection and support.

To address this, the Asthma UK and British Lung Foundation Partnership Children’s Charter for Lung Health, endorsed by The British Paediatric Respiratory Society and the British Thoracic Society as well as the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Respiratory Care and the Association of Respiratory Nurse Specialistshere sets out 10 principles in three groups to guide policy development and action (figure 1).



Figure 1 
The Asthma UK and British Lung Foundation Partnership Children’s Charter for Lung Health.



### Giving lungs the best start—parental health and health in pregnancy

Healthy lung growth and development starts before birth. Healthy babies require healthy parents. Addressing inequality, social deprivation, structural racism and the corporate determinants of health6 is fundamental to this, so that preconception and pregnancy risk factors like poverty, poor housing, smoking, dietary factors, obesity and stress can be reduced or avoided. Parents must have the capabilities to live in as healthy a way as possible, in all aspects of daily life, in the home and at work.

### Growing lungs need to breathe clean air

Exposure to particulate and other forms of pollution harms lung growth, increases the risk of developing lung disease and causes acute attacks in children who …
TCT-382 Optical Coherence Tomography–Based Characterization of Neointimal Atherosclerotic Changes in Patients Presenting With Very Late Stent Thrombosis or In-Stent Restenosis
Authors: Alp Aytekin, Philipp Nicol, Masaru Seguchi, Fernando Alfonso, Tom Adriaenssens, Nejva Nano, Laurent Feldman, Franz-Josef Neumann, Alison H. Goodall, Dean Chan Pin Yin, Ian Buysschaert, Ota Hlinomaz, Walter Desmet, Jurrien Ten Berg, Steffen Massberg, Giulio Guagliumi, Robert Byrne, Michael Joner, Adnan Kastrati, Erion Xhepa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
NIR-activated nanosystems with self-modulated bacteria targeting for enhanced biofilm eradication and caries prevention
Authors: Yunjian Yu, Yufei Zhang, Yijie Cheng, Yuxia Wang, Zeyuan Chen, Haonan Sun, Xiaosong Wei, Zhuang Ma, Jie Li, Yayun Bai, Zhongming Wu, Xinge Zhang
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2021)

The efficacious delivery of antimicrobial drugs to intractable oral biofilms remains a challenge due to inadequate biofilm penetration and lack of pathogen targeting. Herein, we have developed a microenvironment-activated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-sheddable nanoplatform to mediate targeted delivery of drugs into oral biofilms for the efficient prevention of dental caries. The PEGylated nanoplatform with enhanced biofilm penetration is capable of deshielding the PEG layer under slightly acidic conditions in a PEG chain length-dependent manner to re-expose the bacteria-targeting ligands, thereby facilitating targeted codelivery of ciprofloxacin (CIP) and IR780 to the bacteria after accumulation within biofilms. The nanoplatform tends to induce bacterial agglomeration and suffers from degradation in the acidic oral biofilm microenvironment, triggering rapid drug release on demand around bacterial cells. The self-modulating nanoplatform under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation accordingly displays greatly augmented potency in oral biofilm penetration and disruption compared with drugs alone. Topical oral treatment with nanoplatforms involving synergetic pharmacological and photothermal/photodynamic trinary therapy results in robust biofilm dispersion and efficacious suppression of severe tooth decay in rats. This versatile nanoplatform can promote local accumulation and specific drug transport into biofilms and represents a new paradigm for targeted drug delivery for the management of oral biofilm-associated infections.
Abstract 14944: Patterns of Oxygen Recovery Kinetics Following Maximal Exercise in the Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Jasmine B Blodgett, Melissa Tanguay, Martin G Larson, Luke T Wooster, Cole S Bailey, Matthew G Nayor, Stephanie A Moore, Nicholas E Houstis, Raghava S Velagaleti, Ravi V Shah, Rajeev Malhotra, Ramachandran S Vasan, Greg D Lewis
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: Patterns of oxygen uptake (VO2) recovery post-exercise reflect disease severity and predict prognosis in patients with heart failure but have not been investigated in non-referral pop...
Bemcentinib (Oral AXL Inhibitor) in Combination with Low-Dose Cytarabine Is Well Tolerated and Efficacious in Older Relapsed AML Patients.Updates from the Ongoing Phase II Trial (NCT02488408) and Preliminary Translational Results Indicating Bemcentinib Elicits Anti-AML Immune Responses
Authors: Sonja Loges, Grerk Sutamtewagul, Michael Heuser, Jörg Chromik, Silke Kapp-Schwoerer, Monica Crugnola, Nicola Di Renzo, Roberto M. Lemoli, Daniele Giovanni Mattei, Isabel Ben Batalla, Monica Hellesøy, Jonas Waizenegger, Melanie Janning, Charles D. Imbusch, Niklas Beumer, Austin Rayford, Jaya Nautiyal, Tzivia Berkman-Gottlieb, David Micklem, Hani Gabra, Claudia Gorcea-Carson, James B. Lorens, Walter Fiedler, Yesid Alvarado, Bjorn T. Gjertsen, Lisa-Marie Rieckmann
Journal: Blood (2021)
Abstract 12024: Generalizability of the CASTLE-AF Trial: Assessing Outcomes of Catheter Ablation for Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure in Routine Practice
Authors: Xiaoxi Yao, Bernard J Gersh, Shannon M Dunlay, Lindsey R Sangaralingham, Nilay D Shah, Peter A Noseworthy
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: In the CASTLE-AF trial, catheter ablation reduced the risk of death and heart failure (HF) hospitalization in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and HF by nearly 40%. We aimed to ...
Phase II study of ceralasertib (AZD6738) in combination with durvalumab in patients with advanced/metastatic melanoma who have failed prior anti-PD-1 therapy
Authors: R. Kim, M. Kwon, M. An, S.T. Kim, S.A. Smith, A.B. Loembé, P.G.S. Mortimer, J. Armenia, N. Lukashchuk, N. Shah, E. Dean, W.-Y. Park, J. Lee
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2021)
TCT-164 Leaflet and Neoskirt Height in Transcatheter Heart Valves: Implications for Repeated Procedures and Coronary Access
Authors: Mariama Akodad, Stephanie Sellers, Gaurav Gulsin, Georgios Tzimas, Uri Landes, Andrew Chatfield, Anthony Chuang, David Meier, Jonathon Leipsic, Philipp Blanke, Jian Ye, Anson Cheung, David Wood, Jaffar Khan, John Webb, Janarthanan Sathananthan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
In vivo confusion over in vivo conversion
Authors: Gong Chen
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2021)

In a recent report published in Cell entitled "Revisiting astrocyte to neuron conversion with lineage tracing in vivo," 1 Wang L.L. Serrano C. Zhong X. Ma S. Zou Y. Zhang C.L. Revisiting astrocyte to neuron conversion with lineage tracing in vivo. Cell. 2021; 184: 5465-5481.e16 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (44) Google Scholar the group of Dr. Chun-Li Zhang raised questions on a series of studies published by my lab and others demonstrating that astrocytes in adult mouse brains can be converted into neurons. 2 Chen Y.C. Ma N.X. Pei Z.F. Wu Z. Do-Monte F.H. Keefe S. Yellin E. Chen M.S. Yin J.C. Lee G. et al. A NeuroD1 AAV-based gene therapy for functional brain repair after ischemic injury through in vivo astrocyte-to-neuron conversion. Mol. Ther. 2020; 28: 217-234 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (74) Google Scholar , 3 Ge L.J. Yang F.H. Li W. Wang T. Lin Y. Feng J. Chen N.H. Jiang M. Wang J.H. Hu X.T. et al. In vivo neuroregeneration to treat ischemic stroke through NeuroD1 AAV-based gene therapy in adult non-human primates. Front. Cell Dev. Biol. 2020; 8: 590008 Crossref PubMed Scopus (21) Google Scholar , 4 Guo Z. Zhang L. Wu Z. Chen Y. Wang F. Chen G. In vivo direct reprogramming of reactive glial cells into functional neurons after brain injury and in an Alzheimer's disease model. Cell Stem Cell. 2014; 14: 188-202 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (473) Google Scholar , 5 Qian H. Kang X. Hu J. Zhang D. Liang Z. Meng F. Zhang X. Xue Y. Maimon R. Dowdy S.F. et al. Reversing a model of Parkinson's disease with in situ converted nigral neurons. Nature. 2020; 582: 550-556 Crossref PubMed Scopus (149) Google Scholar , 6 Wu Z. Parry M. Hou X.Y. Liu M.H. Wang H. Cain R. Pei Z.F. Chen Y.C. Guo Z.Y. Abhijeet S. et al. Gene therapy conversion of striatal astrocytes into GABAergic neurons in mouse models of Huntington's disease. Nat. Commun. 2020; 11: 1105 Crossref PubMed Scopus (61) Google Scholar While the article reports a lot of data from astrocytic reporter lines to test in vivo astrocyte-to-neuron conversion, the design of the study suffers from a fundamental error that culminates in confusing results and, even more importantly, unfounded conclusions. To avoid further confusion in the conversion field, the following analysis should help clarify some of the issues.
Skin inflammation activates intestinal stromal fibroblasts and promotes colitis
Authors: Tatsuya Dokoshi, Jason S. Seidman, Kellen J. Cavagnero, Fengwu Li, Marc C. Liggins, Bryn C. Taylor, Jocelyn Olvera, Rob Knight, John T. Chang, Nita H. Salzman, Richard L. Gallo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2021)

Inflammatory disorders of the skin are frequently associated with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). To explore mechanisms by which these organs communicate, we performed single-cell RNA-Seq analysis on fibroblasts from humans and mice with IBD. This analysis revealed that intestinal inflammation promoted differentiation of a subset of intestinal stromal fibroblasts into preadipocytes with innate antimicrobial host defense activity. Furthermore, this process of reactive adipogenesis was exacerbated if mouse skin was inflamed as a result of skin wounding or infection. Since hyaluronan (HA) catabolism is activated during skin injury and fibroblast-to-adipocyte differentiation is dependent on HA, we tested the hypothesis that HA fragments could alter colon fibroblast function by targeted expression of human hyaluronidase-1 in basal keratinocytes from mouse skin. Hyaluronidase expression in the skin activated intestinal stromal fibroblasts, altered the fecal microbiome, and promoted excessive reactive adipogenesis and increased inflammation in the colon after challenge with dextran sodium sulfate. The response to digested HA was dependent on expression of TLR4 by preadipocytes. Collectively, these results suggest that the association between skin inflammation and IBD may be due to recognition by mesenchymal fibroblasts in the colon of HA released during inflammation of the skin.
American Medical Society for Sports Medicine position statement on concussion in sport
Authors: Kimberly G Harmon, James R Clugston, Katherine Dec, Brian Hainline, Stanley Herring, Shawn F Kane, Anthony P Kontos, John J Leddy, Michael McCrea, Sourav K Poddar, Margot Putukian, Julie C Wilson, William O Roberts
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2019)

Sport-related concussion (SRC) is a common injury in recreational and organised sport. Over the past 30 years, there has been significant progress in our scientific understanding of SRC, which in turn has driven the development of clinical guidelines for diagnosis, assessment and management of SRC. In addition to a growing need for knowledgeable healthcare professionals to provide evidence-based care for athletes with SRC, media attention and legislation have created awareness and, in some cases, fear about many issues and unknowns surrounding SRC. The American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM) formed a writing group to review the existing literature on SRC, update its previous position statement, and to address current evidence and knowledge gaps regarding SRC. The absence of definitive outcomes-based data is challenging and requires relying on the best available evidence integrated with clinical experience and patient values. This statement reviews the definition, pathophysiology and epidemiology of SRC, the diagnosis and management of both acute and persistent concussion symptoms, the short-term and long-term risks of SRC and repetitive head impact exposure, SRC prevention strategies, and potential future directions for SRC research. The AMSSM is committed to best clinical practices, evidence-based research and educational initiatives that positively impact the health and safety of athletes.