tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Girl’s sight deteriorated while trust delayed court action for cataract surgery, says judge
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2020)

A High Court judge has criticised an NHS trust for a two and a half year delay in applying for court permission to perform cataract surgery on a 10 year old girl while her eyesight deteriorated and she fell far behind her peers educationally.

Mrs Justice Lieven warned trusts not to delay too long while trying to reach agreements with parents who are reluctant to agree to necessary treatment for their children.1 “What has occurred in this case is a factor that comes up in other cases,” she said. “In the period when a trust is trying to reach agreement with a parent, there is actually detriment to a child. In AB’s [the girl’s] case there has been a 2.5 year delay from when she was first referred to when the matter even got into the …
LDL, HDL and endocrine-related cancer: From pathogenic mechanisms to therapies
Authors: Giovanna Revilla, Lídia Cedó, Mireia Tondo, Antonio Moral, José Ignacio Pérez, Rosa Corcoy, Enrique Lerma, Victoria Fuste, Srivinasa T. Reddy, Francisco Blanco-Vaca, Eugènia Mato, Joan Carles Escolà-Gil
Journal: Seminars in Cancer Biology (2020)
Intracranial Emboli Associated With Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation: Has the Silence Finally Been Broken?⁎⁎Editorials published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology reflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACC or the American College of Cardiology.
Authors: Jonathan S. Steinberg, Suneet Mittal
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
David Oliver: Should we bring the curtain down on NHS social media performances?
Authors: David Oliver
Journal: BMJ (2020)

Should anyone care if NHS staff post a few loosely choreographed dances on TikTok, a healthcare themed choral routine on YouTube, or an unburdening rant on Facebook?

NHS shop floor clinical teams have always bonded, laughed together, drunk together, and shared their frustrations in ward rest areas, accommodation blocks, and messes. But, until social media, we kept them among ourselves. The covid-19 pandemic has led to plenty of pressures on teams, so a desire to de-stress or unburden is understandable—but have we taken it too far?

My immediate feeling is that it’s nobody’s business how frontline clinical staff in demanding roles let off steam, so …
KIF15-Mediated Stabilization of AR and AR-V7 Contributes to Enzalutamide Resistance in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Lin Gao, Wenbo Zhang, Jing Zhang, Junmei Liu, Feifei Sun, Hui Liu, Jing Hu, Xin Wang, Xueli Wang, Peng Su, Shouzhen Chen, Sifeng Qu, Benkang Shi, Xueting Xiong, Weiwen Chen, Xuesen Dong, Bo Han
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract The new generation androgen receptor (AR) pathway inhibitor enzalutamide can prolong the survival of patients with metastatic prostate cancer. However, resistance to enzalutamide inevitably develops in these patients, and the underlying mechanisms of this resistance are not fully defined. Here we demonstrate that the kinesin family member 15 (KIF15) contributes to enzalutamide resistance by enhancing the AR signaling in prostate cancer cells. KIF15 directly bound the N-terminus of AR/AR-V7 and prevented AR/AR-V7 proteins from degradation by increasing the protein association of ubiquitin-specific protease 14 (USP14) with AR/AR-V7. In turn, the transcriptionally active AR stimulated KIF15 expression. KIF15 inhibitors alone or in combination with enzalutamide significantly suppressed enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer cell growth and xenograft progression. These findings highlight a key role of KIF15 in enabling prostate cancer cells to develop therapy resistance to enzalutamide and rationalize KIF15 as a potential therapeutic target. Significance: These findings demonstrate how reciprocal activation between KIF15 and AR contributes to enzalutamide resistance in prostate cancer and highlights cotargeting KIF15 and AR as a therapeutic strategy for these tumors.
Individualized prognosis of cognitive decline and dementia in mild cognitive impairment based on plasma biomarker combinations
Authors: Nicholas C. Cullen, Antoine Leuzy, Sebastian Palmqvist, Shorena Janelidze, Erik Stomrud, Pedro Pesini, Leticia Sarasa, José Antonio Allué, Nicholas K. Proctor, Henrik Zetterberg, Jeffrey L. Dage, Kaj Blennow, Niklas Mattsson-Carlgren, Oskar Hansson
Journal: Nature Aging (2020)
222P Tolerability and treatment response to darolutamide (DARO) in patients with non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) in the phase III ARAMIS trial
Authors: M.R. Smith, N.D. Shore, T.L.J. Tammela, M-A. Le Berre, O. Petrenciuc, C. Zurth, I. Kuss, K. Fizazi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2020)
Trend in age-specific cancer mortality and cancer-free life expectancy in China, 2008–17: a cross-sectional survey of nationwide data
Authors: Xinlei Miao, Xiuhua Guo, Yue Cai, Rongshou Zheng, Haochen Li, Ming Xue, Baohu Yan, Yijie Wang, Zongkai Xu, Xiang Zhang, Qun Meng
Journal: The Lancet (2020)
Neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative disorders: the roles of microglia and astrocytes
Authors: Hyuk Sung Kwon, Seong-Ho Koh
Journal: Translational Neurodegeneration (2020)

Abstract Neuroinflammation is associated with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Microglia and astrocytes are key regulators of inflammatory responses in the central nervous system. The activation of microglia and astrocytes is heterogeneous and traditionally categorized as neurotoxic (M1-phenotype microglia and A1-phenotype astrocytes) or neuroprotective (M2-phenotype microglia and A2-phenotype astrocytes). However, this dichotomized classification may not reflect the various phenotypes of microglia and astrocytes. The relationship between these activated glial cells is also very complicated, and the phenotypic distribution can change, based on the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. A better understanding of the roles of microglia and astrocytes in neurodegenerative diseases is essential for developing effective therapies. In this review, we discuss the roles of inflammatory response in neurodegenerative diseases, focusing on the contributions of microglia and astrocytes and their relationship. In addition, we discuss biomarkers to measure neuroinflammation and studies on therapeutic drugs that can modulate neuroinflammation.
The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in patients on haemodialysis
Authors: Viyaasan Mahalingasivam, Laurie Tomlinson
Journal: Nature Reviews Nephrology (2020)

A new study reports the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among a cross-section of patients on haemodialysis and uses these data to estimate seroprevalence in the general US population. Although this study demonstrates the potential of monitoring infectious disease prevalence in dialysis populations, the findings should be interpreted with caution.
Abstract #5016: In vivo imaging and therapy of tumor by targeting interleukin-4 receptor
Authors: Moon-Hee Na, Xiagofeng He, Kai Wang, Hyun-Kyung Jung, Rang-Woon Park, In-San Kim, Kyung-Soon Park, Ick-Chan Kwon, Hsiang-Fa Liang, Maggie Lu, Byung-Heon Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

The interleukin-4 (IL-4) receptor is expressed at high levels by a wide range of tumors, including non-small cell lung carcinoma, pancreatic carcinoma, head and neck carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, and malignant glioma. The IL-4 receptor (IL-4R), therefore, has been considered as a novel target for cancer therapy. Using phage display, we have previously identified a peptide ligand with sequence of CRKRLDRNC (named AP-1) that binds to IL-4R. To address in vivo imaging of tumor, AP-1 and Cy7.5 near-infrared dye were conjugated to hydrophobically-modified glycol chitosan (HGC) nanoparticles. The HGC nanoparticles are composed of biodegradable polymer and 250 nm in diameter and have 15 peptides labeled on each particle. When intravenously injected into nude mice bearing IL-4R-expressing H226 lung tumor xenografts, AP-1-HGC-Cy7.5 nanoparticles homed to tumor and resulted in stronger near-infrared fluorescence signal at 2 h after injection, as compared to unlabeled HGC-Cy7.5 nanoparticles. To examine the peptide-directed tumor therapy, AP-1 was conjugated to liposomes containing doxorubicin (Lipo-Dox). Treatment of mice bearing H226 tumor with either Lipo-Dox or AP-1-Lipo-Dox (at the concentration of 1 mg doxorubicin/kg body weight; injected twice a week for total 8 times) significantly inhibited tumor growth as compared to saline- or doxorubicin-treated groups. Free doxorubicin given at the same concentration showed minimal inhibition of tumor growth. More importantly, AP-1-Lipo-Dox more efficiently inhibited tumor growth as compared to Lipo-Dox. These results suggest that AP-1, an IL-4-mimicking peptide ligand, can target IL-4R highly expressed on tumor cells and direct targeted delivery of imaging agents and therapeutics to tumor.  Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 5016.
高Tc-SQUID心磁図による虚血心筋の「損傷電流」の検出
Authors: Sato Yoko, Watanabe Shigeyuki, Kimura Taizo, Nishina Hidetaka, Aihara Hideaki, Takeyasu Noriyuki, ON Kei, Yamada Satsuki, Suzuki Daisuke, Ogata Kuniomi, Kandori Akihiko, Miyashita Tsuyoshi, Tsukada Keiji, Yamaguchi Iwao, Aonuma Kazutaka
Journal: Circulation (2007)
Multimodality Imaging of Atrial Remodeling and Risk of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Cardiac Sarcoidosis
Authors: Mohammadali Habibi, Elie Saad, David R. Okada, Ronald D. Berger, Nisha A. Gilotra, Harikrishna Tandri, Hugh Calkins, Joao AC. Lima, Steven Rowe, Jonathan Chrispin
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2020)
Coronary recanalization in anterior myocardial infarction: The open perforator hypothesis11This is a tribute to the memory of late Prof. Attilio Reale, former President of the European Society of Cardiology and Professor of Cardiology at the University of Rome La Sapienza, a decade after his unexpected demise.
Authors: Paolo Voci, Enrica Mariano, Francesco Pizzuto, Paolo Emilio Puddu, Francesco Romeo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
THU0067 Analysis of autoantigens recognised by autoantibodies that immunoprecipitate high molecular weight nucleic acids
Authors: M Suzuki, M Hirakata, A Suwa, T Nojima, H Yasuoka, S Satoh, T Fujii, S Inada, T Mimori
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> A number of sera from patients with connective tissue diseases that immunoprecipitated high molecular weight (hmw) nucleic acid smear have been found in RNA-immunoprecipitation (IPP) assay. Most of these sera are supposed to contain autoantibodies for DNA- or mRNA- (or its precursor) related proteins. However, neither the characteristics of antigens nor the clinical significance have been well-defined. <h3>Objectives</h3> To analyse the corresponding antigens for autoantibodies immunoprecipitating hmw-nucleic acid smear and to elucidate the clinical features associated with these autoantibodies. <h3>Methods</h3> We examined 63 sera from patients with various kinds of connective tissue diseases that immunoprecipitated hmw nucleic acid smear by RNA-IPP. IPP using [35S] methionine-labelled HeLa cell extracts was performed for analysis of the protein components. Immunoprecipitated nucleic acid components were treated with DNase I or RNase A to identify either DNA or RNA. <h3>Results</h3> DNA and a heterodimer of 70 kDa and 80 kDa proteins (p70/p80) that was identified as the Ku antigen, was immunoprecipitated by 16 patient sera (4:SLE, 7: myositis overlap syndrome, 1: interstitial pneumonia (IP), 4: undiagnosed). In addition, DNA-protein complex consisting of four polypeptides (11 kDa-21 kDa) that appeared to be histone core proteins, was immunoprecipitated by 18 sera (12:SLE including one drug-induced lupus, 5:MCTD/overlap syndrome, 1: autoimmune hepatitis). Eight patients sera (5:SLE, 2:RA, 1:IP) reacted with the 140 kDa protein along with hmw-RNA smear that was supposed to be RNA helicase A. It should be noted that the remaining 37 of 63 (59%) patients sera immunoprecipitated none of proteins with defined specificities, but various unidentified proteins. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Autoantibodies to the Ku, histone, and RNA-helicase A have been identified in patients sera with SLE and other rheumatic diseases that immunoprecipitated hmw-nucleic acid smear. However, a high percentage of these sera were found to contain novel hmw nucleic acids-related antibodies. Further analysis of these autoantibodies may provide clues for understanding the pathogenic mechanism of connective tissue diseases.
Whatever happened to meaning? Commentary on Millikan: A common structure for concepts of individuals, stuffs, and real kinds
Authors: JM Mandler
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

Even in infancy, concept formation has to do with creating meaning, not with tracking substances. Preverbal infants can identify a substance such as a dog, but their first concept of this substance is not dog but animal. It is difficult to account for such global concepts by the perceptual processes involved in object identification, yet these concepts are the foundation on which later concepts are built.
Narrow resection margins are not associated with mortality or recurrence in patients with Merkel cell carcinoma: A retrospective study
Authors: Frédéric Jaouen, Thibault Kervarrec, Agnès Caille, Yannick Le Corre, Brigitte Dreno, Eric Esteve, Ewa Wierzbicka-Hainaut, Hervé Maillard, Monica Dinulescu, Astrid Blom, Philippe Saïag, Mahtab Samimi
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
15354 Response to treatment with secukinumab in obese patients with moderate to severe psoriasis
Authors: James G. Krueger, David Pariser, Elisa Muscianisi, Farid Kianifard, Jennifer Steadman, Mr. Rajendra Prasad Sarkar, Benjamin D. Ehst, Andrew F. Alexis
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Early life tobacco smoke exposure is associated asthma and lung function deficits in adolescents
Authors: Xu Dai, S Dharmage, Adrian Lowe, Katrina Allen, Paul Thomas, Jennifer Perret, David Hill, Clifford Hocking, John Hopper, Melanie Matheson, Cecilie Svanes, Liam Welsh, Michael Abramson, Caroline Lodge
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)
18466 Skin cancer screening using total body photography and digital dermoscopy: A pilot study among firefighters
Authors: Rachel Fayne, Mahtab Forouzandeh, Valeria De Bedout, Mina Zarei, Joshua D. Fox, Alyx Rosen Aigen, Natasha Solle, Alberto Caban-Martinez, Tulay Koru-Sengul, Robert S. Kirsner, Natalia Jaimes
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2020)
Hospital Consultation From Outpatient Clinicians for Medically Complex Children
Authors: Ricardo A. Mosquera, Elenir B. C. Avritscher, Claudia Pedroza, Cynthia S. Bell, Cheryl L. Samuels, Tomika S. Harris, Julie C. Eapen, Aravind Yadav, Michelle Poe, Raymond L. Parlar-Chun, Jay Berry, Jon E. Tyson
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2020)

Children with medical complexity (CMC) frequently experience fragmented care. We have demonstrated that outpatient comprehensive care (CC) reduces serious illnesses, hospitalizations, and costs for high-risk CMC. Yet continuity of care for CMC is often disrupted with emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations.To evaluate a hospital consultation (HC) service for CMC from their outpatient CC clinicians.Randomized quality improvement trial at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston with an outpatient CC clinic and tertiary pediatric hospital (Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital). Participants included high-risk CMC (≥2 hospitalizations or ≥1 pediatric intensive care unit [PICU] admission in the year before enrolling in our clinic) receiving CC. Data were analyzed between January 11, 2018, and December 20, 2019.The HC included serial discussions between CC clinicians, ED physicians, and hospitalists addressing need for admission, inpatient treatment, and transition back to outpatient care. Usual hospital care (UHC) involved routine pediatric hospitalist care.Total hospital days (primary outcome), PICU days, hospitalizations, and health system costs in skeptical bayesian analyses (using a prior probability assuming no benefit).From October 3, 2016, through October 2, 2017, 342 CMC were randomized to either HC (n = 167) or UHC (n = 175) before meeting the predefined bayesian stopping guideline (>80% probability of reduced hospital days). In intention-to-treat analyses, the probability that HC reduced total hospital days was 91% (2.72 vs 6.01 per child-year; bayesian rate ratio [RR], 0.61; 95% credible interval [CrI], 0.30-1.26). The probability of a reduction with HC vs UHC was 98% for hospitalizations (0.60 vs 0.93 per child-year; RR, 0.68; 95% CrI, 0.48-0.97), 89% for PICU days (0.77 vs 1.89 per child-year; RR, 0.59; 95% CrI, 0.26-1.38), and 94% for mean total health system costs ($24 928 vs $42 276 per child-year; cost ratio, 0.67; 95% CrI, 0.41-1.10). In secondary analysis using a bayesian prior centered at RR of 0.78, reflecting the opinion of 7 experts knowledgeable about CMC, the probability that HC reduced hospital days was 96%.Among CMC receiving comprehensive outpatient care, an HC service from outpatient clinicians likely reduced total hospital days, hospitalizations, PICU days, other outcomes, and health system costs. Additional trials of an HC service from outpatient CC clinicians are needed for CMC in other centers.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02870387.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Effects of School Closure for Children and Their Families
Authors: Janessa M. Graves, Jessica L. Mackelprang, Demetrius A. Abshire
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2020)

Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Effects of School Closure for Children and Their FamiliesTo the Editor Risks for mental health of children and adolescents in the era of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, owing to school closure and quarantine, have been delineated by Golberstein et al. 1 We further extend their implications of school closure for children and their families, an issue that undergoes a deafening silence in the public debate.Mental health of children and adolescents undergoes a sudden stress test during quarantine 1 that causes a complete, sudden, and unprepared loss of direct social relationships with peers, representing a significant human need and stimulus for well-being, socioemotional development, and self-identity in this age range.Direct social relationships are limited to family members, with increased risks of loneliness; especially in the absence of home outdoor spaces, school closure significantly increases the risks for (1) physical health; (2) addiction to video games and binge watching (clearly exceeding daily time limits of screen exposure indicated by pediatric guidelines); and (3) alteration of circadian rhythms.Moreover, compulsory coexistence with family members may increase the risk of direct or assisted verbal or physical domestic violence.Finally, school closure may have profound effect on academic achievement, especially in the youngest children and in children of families with low socioeconomic status. 2,3If school closure will be confirmed for the remaining months and also summer camps will be impeded, the well-known summer learning gap will be amplified, 4 especially for children of families at low socioeconomic status and for children with preexisting neurodevelopmental or mental health conditions of vulnerability.Families with low socioeconomic status have less available possibilities in terms of suitable places to do homework, electronic devices, internet access, and owned books 2,3 ; parents themselves in the case of low socioeconomic status, exemplified by the immigrant parent-child acculturation gap, 5 may be less able to motivate and help them in this new experience of online schooling.Therefore, educational systems should plan and finance extraordinary ad hoc interventions to reduce long-lasting effects of prolonged school closures, especially for more disadvantaged children, focused but not limited to learning.Moreover, school closure is a serious and impeding problem also for working parents if they are allowed to return to work, considering that other family members who can provide resources, such as grandparents, are probably quarantined themselves.In conclusion, medical, educational, and economic competencies should implement strategic plans for a progressive restart of educational activities that may ensure a calculated trade-off between risk of COVID-19 infection, reduction of learning gap, and restart of working for parents.
Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Reduction Policies: Progress and Promise
Authors: James Krieger, Sara N. Bleich, Stephanie Scarmo, Shu Wen Ng
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (2020)

Evidence showing the effectiveness of policies to reduce the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) is growing. SSBs are one of the largest sources of added sugar in the diet and are linked to multiple adverse health conditions. This review presents a framework illustrating the various types of policies that have been used to reduce SSB exposure and consumption; policies are organized into four categories (financial, information, defaults, and availability) and take into consideration crosscutting policy considerations (feasibility, impact, and equity). Next, for each category, we describe a specific example and provide evidence of impact. Finally, we discuss crosscutting policy considerations, the challenge of choosing among the various policy options, and important areas for future research. Notably, no single policy will reduce SSB consumption to healthy levels, so an integrated policy approach that adapts to changing market and consumption trends; evolving social, political, and public health needs; and emerging science is critical.
Rapidly Evolving Diffuse Omental Carcinomatosis of Prostate Cancer in 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT
Authors: Sebastian Hoberück, Ulrich Sommer, Arne Grey, Tobias Hölscher, Gustavo Bruno Baretton, Jörg Kotzerke
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2020)

Abstract An 81-year-old man received androgen deprivation therapy for a locally advanced prostate cancer and, 6 months later, a curative radiation therapy. Half a year later, the patient presented with a steeply increased PSA value (32 ng/mL) and a suppressed testosterone level (0.48 nmol/L). The consecutively performed 68 Ga-PSMA PET/CT revealed, besides local tumor remains and several PSMA-positive lymph node and soft tissue metastases, an extensive, diffuse PSMA ligand accumulation in the omentum, which was immunohistochemically proven to be a carcinomatosis of prostate cancer. None of the extraprostatic lesions were present in the pretherapeutic PSMA PET 1 year ago.