tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting—Not for Every Patient, Not for Every Surgeon
Authors: Arnaldo Dimagli, Aaron J. Weiss, Faisal G. Bakaeen
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Abstract 17027: Racial Disparities in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Access: Geographic Analysis Suggesting Disparate Access to Care
Authors: Nidal Ganim, Dominique J Monlezun, Enrique D Garcia-Sayan, Prakash Balan
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has ample randomized trial evidence that it can reduce mortality and cost for patients with aortic stenosis. Yet racial disparities in procedure access are poorly understood. Methods: This case-control prospectively enrolled TAVR subjects at a single high-volume quaternary academic medical center in Houston, Texas, USA, from 11/8/11-3/28/18. Neural network machine learning-supported binomial probability testing was conducted comparing the Houston population versus the center’s TAVR rates by race, with mortality and cost extrapolations. The IOM definition of health inequities was applied using the rank and replace method for counterfactual comparison (matching subjects by insurance and Society of Thoracic Surgery [STS] risk score for TAVR eligibility). Results: Compared to the Houston population, TAVR subjects (N=1641) were significantly more likely to be Caucasians (51.93% vs 77.26%), and less likely to be African Americans (14.80% vs 6.02%), Hispanics (23.63% vs 15.02%), or other races (9.50% vs 1.70%), all p&lt;0.001. Among TAVR subjects with private insurance, the large majority were Caucasian (832, 85.60%), with the minority being African American (34, 3.50%), Hispanic (96, 9.88%), and other (10, 37.04%) (private insurance by Caucasian versus non-Caucasian, p&lt;0.001). Based on TAVR mortality and cost savings in the PARNTER trial, access disparities for racial minorities over 5 years may result in 858 excess deaths, $130,000 per patient excess costs, and $111.5 million excess costs per the overall sample of eligible presenting Houston subjects. The predicted versus actual racial distribution of TAVR for each minority group matched to Caucasians by insurance and STS score was significantly greater than the actual (each group comparison to Caucasians, p&lt;0.001). Conclusion: Multi-year data from our high-volume center suggest Houston racial minorities are less likely to undergo TAVR, potentially translating into a growing number of preventable excess early deaths and costs as disease incidence increases. Additional studies are underway to determine and reduce the degree of preventable race-related disparities independent of known access predictors.
Abstract 325: Atheroprone Flow Enhances the Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Lai Baochang, Li Zhao, He Ming, Chen Lili, Zhang Jiao, John Y-J Shyy
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduciton and Hypothesis: The endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) is a pathophysiological process in the vascualture, manifested by the decreased expression of endothelial markers (vWF, CD31, and VE-cadherin) but increased mesenchymal genes (e.g., N-cadherin, FSP1, and vimentin). In light of the involvement of EndoMT in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, we hypothesize that atheroprotective pulasatile shear stress (PS) and atheroprone oscillatory shear stress (OS) have opposite effect in regulating the EndoMT genes in vascular endothelial cells (ECs). Methods and Results: RNA sequencing data from multi-timepoint shear stress experiments show that PS and OS had an opposite effect in regulating EndoMT genes in ECs. Further experimental validations with H 2 O 2 and gain- and loss-of-function approaches indicated that reactive oxygen species were involved in the OS-induced EndoMT, whereas AMP-activated protein kinase and sirtuin-1 could inhibit the OS-induced EndoMT. Compared with PS, OS increased the DNA methylation of the promoter region of vWF , CD31 , and CDH5 genes but decreased that of CDH2 , FSP1 , and vimentin genes. In vivo , EndoMT was evident in the partially ligated mouse carotid artery where flow pattern is disturbed. Furthermore, the anti-diabetic drug metformin and cholesterol-lowering drug atorvastatin suppressed EndoMT in ECs and in mouse aortae. Conclusions: Genome-wide analysis of mRNA expression profiles and conventional experimental validations revealed that atheroprotective and atheroprone flow had an opposite effect in regulating EndoMT. The translational implication of the current study builds on that metformin and atorvastatin had similar effects as atheroprotective flow in suppressing the EndoMT via AMPK and SIRT1 signaling in endothelium.
Cracked recORDS
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Combo Poised to Become Standard in HCC
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2020)

Researchers may finally have identified a first-line treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma that is superior to the current standard. In a phase III trial, atezolizumab plus bevacizumab extended median progression-free survival and overall survival compared with sorafenib, and the combination was associated with a similar rate and severity of side effects as sorafenib.
ASSOCIATION NEWS.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Treatment of Ringworm of the Scalp
Authors: R. T. Brain, K. Crow, H. Haber, C. McKenny, J. W. Hadgraft
Journal: BMJ (1948)

In the control of an epidemic of cholera the importance of complete freedom from cholera vibrio of the stools of cases treated by seven-day drug therapy, and the prophylactic treatment of contacts with the drug, is emphasized.The role of two properties of this drug-namely, the absence of toxic action and slow absorption and slow excretion-is discussed in its bearing on future sulpha therapy as opposed to the antibiotics.
WHAT IS BRANDY?
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 156: Which Factors Promote Transition From PEA to Spontaneous Circulation and PEA Recurrence in Children?
Authors: Trond Nordseth, Dana Niles, Trygve Eftestøl, Unai Irusta, Jan T Kvaløy, Vinay Nadkarni, Robert Sutton, Robert Berg, Benjamin S Abella, Eirik Skogvoll
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Pediatric cardiac arrests are relatively rare outside specialist centres, and may differ in several ways from adults. The aim of this study was to investigate factors that may impact on the transition from Pulseless electrical activity (PEA) to Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), or recurrence of PEA from ROSC, in children and adolescents. Methods: We prospectively registered resuscitation episodes in a pediatric hospital over a period of 3 years, using defibrillators that can register CPR variables like chest compression depth and rate, and ventilation rate. ROSC was defined as an organized electrical rhythm without chest compressions &gt;= 1 minute. CPR variables, patient characteristics and etiology, and dynamic covariates (e.g. the proportion of time spent in PEA or ROSC) were entered as univariate predictors of the transition intensity between PEA and ROSC or the reverse. Statistical anlysis was done with using Aalen’s additive regression model, a variant of survival analysis. Results: In 64 cardiac arrest patients (median age 15, range 2-22 years), there were 49 transitions from PEA to ROSC, and 25 recurrences of PEA from ROSC. Identified factors favoring a transition from PEA to ROSC include greater mean compression depth (p=0.010), higher weight (p=0.006), and lower proportion of PEA for the last 5 minutes (p=0.001). PEA recurrence from ROSC was also associated with greater mean compression depth (p=0.006) and higher weight (p=0.021). However, respiratory etiology was negatively associated with PEA recurrence (p=0.007). Immediate effects (i.e. the last 1-minute average) were more pronounced than 3-minute average effects. Dynamic covariates, which capture the course of the individual patient (e.g. cumulative time in PEA or in ROSC, number of transitions), were strongly associated with the transitions. Conclusion: Some event variables (compression depth, patient weight) were associated with transitions between PEA and ROSC in both directions, and a respiratory etiology appears to protect against PEA recurrence. Dynamic covariates impact on the likelihood of transitioning from PEA to ROSC or PEA recurrence.
Paraquat poisoning.
Authors: K A Mourin
Journal: BMJ (1967)

MNftDCALJOURNL3.6 g./100 ml.).Protein electrophoresis showed an increase in all the globulin frac- tions with mild decrease of the albumin frac- tion.The most likely abnormality was therefore an increase in capillary fragility, although a qualitative defect could not be outruled.The pupura gradually faded; and on discharge four weeks later the tourniquet test, though still positive, was less marked.During her hospitalization she was transferred from insulin to chlorpropamide (Diabinese) 500 mg.daily, with good control of her diabetes and no deterioration in her purpura.She was readmitted three weeks later with right hemiparesis due to cerebral thrombosis.Chlordiazepoxide 10 mg. was given on admission.
Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections vs Placebo for Patients With Ankle Osteoarthritis—Reply
Authors: Liam D. A. Paget, Gustaaf Reurink, Johannes L. Tol
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Correction: Increasing suicide rates in young adults
Journal: BMJ (1990)

Spearman's rho 0 56 0 1i0 20 30 40 50 No of arrests attended B 40-30-0 00 0 Spearman's rho = 0 18 0-I I~~~0 1C0 0 30 40 50 No of arrests attended Relations between number of cardiac arrests attended and (a) confidence in performning resuscitation and (b) skill of preregistration house officers patient survived-and the other in which the patient died.
Issue Information ‐ TOC
Authors: Rémi Szabo, Danielle Skropeta, Isabele Iser, Mariana Pereira, Guido Lenz, Márcia Wink, Peter Fischer, Paulo Matafome, Tiago Rodrigues, Cristina Sena, Raquel Seic, Sandhya Bansal, Priyanka Bajaj, Stuti Pandey, Vibha Tandon, Joe Tomaszewski
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2017)

The journal publishes timely critical reviews of topics related to medicinal research, broadly defined, to which the authors have made significant contributions.Appropriate topics include, but are not limited to, the underlying pathophysiology of important diseases and disease vectors; therapeutic approaches to the treatment of various diseases; the properties of molecular targets for therapeutic agents; important new methodologies facilitating the search for therapies; genomics and proteomics; structure-activity correlations of drug series; the development of new imaging and diagnostic tools; drug metabolism; drug delivery; and chemical, pharmacological, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and clinical characteristics of important drugs.Reviews are mainly solicited by the editors; however, voluntary contributions are also encouraged.In the latter case, potential authors are asked to contact the Editor-in-Chief with an outline before beginning to write in order to avoid duplication of effort and to ensure suitability of the topic and the level of coverage.
Editorial: Progression and regression of atherosclerosis.
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Progression and regression of atherosclerosisAny hope of a reduction in the toll exacted by heart attacks and strokes must depend on understanding the pathological processes underlying them.Though there is controversyl-3 about the mechanism of "cardiac sudden death," there is little disagreement that transmural myocardial infarction,l cerebral infarction,4 and gangrene of the limbs are commonly associated with thrombotic occlusion of major arteries sup- plying these parts.Thrombosed arteries invariably have diseased walls,5 so preventing occlusion necessarily depends either on effective antithrombotic agents or on measures that prevent or remove the wall lesions themselves.Unfortunately, our ignorance of the nature of thrombosis is matched by our lack of knowledge about the aetiology, pathogenesis, and natural history of the lesions of the artery wall generically labelled as atherosclerotic.At present the progression or regression of lesions in life can be studied only by angiograms carried out at intervals.Without this evidence the dynamics and evolution of plaques have to be reconstructed from static postmortem material.These pro- blems, together with man's long life-span and the investigator's inability to control all the variables which are so important in vascular disease, have led to the search for animal species in which atherosclerosis occurs spontaneously or can be created.
The influence of computer-aided polyp detection systems on reaction time for polyp detection and eye gaze
Authors: Joel Troya, Daniel Fitting, Markus Brand, Boban Sudarevic, Jakob Nikolas Kather, Alexander Meining, Alexander Hann
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

Background Multiple computer-aided systems for polyp detection (CADe) have been introduced into clinical practice, with an unclear effect on examiner behavior. This study aimed to measure the influence of a CADe system on reaction time, mucosa misinterpretation, and changes in visual gaze pattern. Methods Participants with variable levels of colonoscopy experience viewed video sequences (n = 29) while eye movement was tracked. Using a crossover design, videos were presented in two assessments, with and without CADe support. Reaction time for polyp detection and eye-tracking metrics were evaluated. Results 21 participants performed 1218 experiments. CADe was significantly faster in detecting polyps compared with participants (median 1.16 seconds [99 %CI 0.40–3.43] vs. 2.97 seconds [99 %CI 2.53–3.77], respectively). However, the reaction time of participants when using CADe (median 2.90 seconds [99 %CI 2.55–3.38]) was similar to that without CADe. CADe increased misinterpretation of normal mucosa and reduced the eye travel distance. Conclusions Results confirm that CADe systems detect polyps faster than humans. However, use of CADe did not improve human reaction times. It increased misinterpretation of normal mucosa and decreased the eye travel distance. Possible consequences of these findings might be prolonged examination time and deskilling.
B Cell–Specific Deletion of <scp>CR6‐Interacting</scp> Factor 1 Drives <scp>Lupus‐like</scp> Autoimmunity by Activation of Interleukin‐17, Interleukin‐6, and Pathogenic Follicular Helper T Cells in a Mouse Model
Authors: Jin‐Sil Park, SeungCheon Yang, Sun‐Hee Hwang, JeongWon Choi, Seung‐Ki Kwok, Young‐Yun Kong, Jeehee Youn, Mi‐La Cho, Sung‐Hwan Park
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2022)

CR6-interacting factor 1 (CRIF1) is a nuclear transcriptional regulator and a mitochondrial inner membrane protein; however, its functions in B lymphocytes have been poorly defined. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of CRIF1 on B cell metabolic regulation, cell function, and autoimmune diseases.Using mice with B cell-specific deletion of CRIF1 (Crif1ΔCD19 mice), we assessed the relevance of CRIF1 function for lupus disease parameters, including anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA), cytokines, and kidney pathology. RNA sequencing was performed on B cells from Crif1ΔCD19 mice. The phenotypic and metabolic changes in immune cells were evaluated in Crif1ΔCD19 mice. Roquinsan/+ mice crossed with Crif1ΔCD19 mice were monitored to assess the functionality of CRIF1-deficient B cells in lupus development.Crif1ΔCD19 mice showed an autoimmune lupus-like phenotype, including high levels of autoantibodies to dsDNA and severe lupus nephritis with increased mesangial hypercellularity. While loss of CRIF1 in B cells showed impaired mitochondrial oxidative function, CRIF1-deficient B cells promoted the production of interleukin-17 (IL-17) and IL-6 and was more potent in helping T cells develop into follicular helper T cells. In a mouse model of autoimmune lupus, depletion of CRIF1 in B cells exacerbated lupus severity, and CRIF1 overexpression prevented lupus development in roquinsan/san mice.These results demonstrated that CRIF1 negatively correlates with disease severity and that overexpression of CRIF1 ameliorates disease development. Our findings suggest that CRIF1 is essential for preventing lupus development by maintaining B cell self tolerance.
Bronchiectasis
Authors: F. P. L. Lander
Journal: BMJ (1950)

The clinical picture of bronchiectasis detailed by Laennec was one of heavy infection existing in the walls of dilated bronchi and in the surrounding interstitial tissue.This was demonstrated at post-mortem examination.With modern techniques these dilated bronchi can be demon- strated in the living patient, and it is now known that dilated bronchi can exist without producing any respiratory disturbances at all.Such cases are referred to as " dry" or
CEREBROSPINAL MENINGITIS.
Authors: J G Westmoreland
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal