tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sexual Dimorphism in Cardiovascular Biomarkers: Clinical and Research Implications
Authors: Emily S. Lau, Aleksandra Binek, Sarah J. Parker, Svati H. Shah, Markella V. Zanni, Jennifer E. Van Eyk, Jennifer E. Ho
Journal: Circulation Research (2022)

Sex-based differences in cardiovascular disease presentation, diagnosis, and response to therapies are well established, but mechanistic understanding and translation to clinical applications are limited. Blood-based biomarkers have become an important tool for interrogating biologic pathways. Understanding sexual dimorphism in the relationship between biomarkers and cardiovascular disease will enhance our insights into cardiovascular disease pathogenesis in women, with potential to translate to improved individualized care for men and women with or at risk for cardiovascular disease. In this review, we examine how biologic sex associates with differential levels of blood-based biomarkers and influences the effect of biomarkers on disease outcomes. We further summarize key differences in blood-based cardiovascular biomarkers along central biologic pathways, including myocardial stretch/injury, inflammation, adipose tissue metabolism, and fibrosis pathways in men versus women. Finally, we present recommendations for leveraging our current knowledge of sex differences in blood-based biomarkers for future research and clinical innovation.
Multi-dynamic modelling reveals strongly time-varying resting fMRI correlations
Authors: Usama Pervaiz, Diego Vidaurre, Chetan Gohil, Stephen M. Smith, Mark W. Woolrich
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2022)

The activity of functional brain networks is responsible for the emergence of time-varying cognition and behaviour. Accordingly, time-varying correlations (Functional Connectivity) in resting fMRI have been shown to be predictive of behavioural traits, and psychiatric and neurological conditions. Typically, methods that measure time varying Functional Connectivity (FC), such as sliding windows approaches, do not separately model when changes occur in the mean activity levels from when changes occur in the FC, therefore conflating these two distinct types of modulation. We show that this can bias the estimation of time-varying FC to appear more stable over time than it actually is. Here, we propose an alternative approach that models changes in the mean brain activity and in the FC as being able to occur at different times to each other. We refer to this method as the Multi-dynamic Adversarial Generator Encoder (MAGE) model, which includes a model of the network dynamics that captures long-range time dependencies, and is estimated on fMRI data using principles of Generative Adversarial Networks. We evaluated the approach across several simulation studies and resting fMRI data from the Human Connectome Project (1003 subjects), as well as from UK Biobank (13301 subjects). Importantly, we find that separating fluctuations in the mean activity levels from those in the FC reveals much stronger changes in FC over time, and is a better predictor of individual behavioural variability.
Comparable Survival for Hepatitis C–Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Liver Transplantation Irrespective of Viremic Status
Authors: Peter Lymberopoulos, Anjiya Shaikh, Nicole E. Rich, Jihane N. Benhammou, Fasiha Kanwal, George Cholankeril
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2022)
A MULTIMODALITY SYSTEM-OF-CARE PROGRAM FOR ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME IMPROVES GUIDELINE-DIRECTED MEDICAL THERAPY, OUTPATIENT FOLLOW-UP, 30-DAY READMISSIONS AND EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT VISITS: THE ACS ADVOCATE PROJECT
Authors: Stephen John Voyce, Jove Graham, Jessica R. Hayden, Amir Eslami, Shikhar Agarwal, Stacey Grassi, Adriene Zook, Natasha Singh, Bradley Lauver, Samuel Eckel, Aanya Chopra, Jason Tinsley, Melissa Kern, Vanessa Duboski, Renato DeRita, Daniel Belletti, James Pitcavage, Eric Wright
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
PREGNANCY ASSOCIATED SUDDEN CORONARY ARTERY DISSECTION COMPLICATED WITH SUBCAPSULAR HEMATOMA, LIVER FAILURE AND VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION ARREST
Authors: Yogamaya Mantha, Badr Harfouch, Ripa Chakravorty, Marlene Garcia, Ribesh Shrestha, Aditi Shankar, Ahmed A. Almomani, Ildiko Agoston, Anand Prasad
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
DIFFERENCES IN OUTCOMES FOR ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION BASED ON RACE IN URBAN HOSPITALS: A NATIONWIDE ANALYSIS
Authors: Rezwan F. Munshi, James Pellegrini, Paras Shah, Shai Ring, Shivankshi Berry, Jose Russe, Ofek Hai, Roman Zeltser, Amgad N. Makaryus
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Stimuli-controllable iron oxide nanoparticle assemblies: Design, manipulation and bio-applications
Authors: Liang Ee Low, Hui Peng Lim, Yong Sze Ong, Sangeetaprivya P Siva, Chin Siew Sia, Bey-Hing Goh, Eng Seng Chan, Beng Ti Tey
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2022)
JAAD Case Reports article list
Authors: Rym Afiouni, Anne-Sophie Sarkis, Reine Merhy, Roland Tomb, Audrey Leasure, Noel Turner, Ilya Lim, Jihane Benahmed, Hugo Gil, Julie Charles, Sabiha Trabelsi, Justin Raman, Katherine Braunlich, Macartney Do, Leah Welborn, Kiran Hooey, Ye Kim, Soo Lee, Soyun Cho, Ho Lee, Hyunsun Park, Thomas O'connor, Mika O'callaghan-Maher, Paul Ryan, Gillian Gibson, Rachel Choi, Sa Kim, Earl Glusac, Amanda Zubek, Mark Weingarten, Michael Weingarten, Tamara Kalir, Angela Lamb, Tessa Lewitt, Christopher Chung, Janelle Manton, Artem Sergeyenko, Timothy Tan, Alicia Sigal, Alan Zhou, Joan Guitart, Anne-Sophie Smilga, Alice Dahl, Carolyn Kushner, Jerry Shapiro, Kristen Sicco, Christine Ko, Anna Eisenstein
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2022)
Reporting endoscopy quality and adverse events: Dutch step forward
Authors: Jaroslaw Regula
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

Quality assurance protocols in endoscopy require the reporting of crucial quality measures as well as adverse event rates [1] [2]. Defining endoscopy quality by performance measures, including adenoma detection rate, cecal intubation rate, and adequate bowel preparation rate, has become standard procedure in many centers and/or screening programs. However, the reliability of methods to measure adverse event rates is still uncertain. Although it is a good clinical practice to discuss local complications at mortality and morbidity conferences, such meetings cover only selected cases and do not present a broader perspective on the quality of service or provide sufficient detail for research purposes. Much effort has been made in the past to propose a unified methodology for measurement of the adverse event rate. Self-reporting by endoscopy units is hampered by an unwillingness to report their own complications. Efforts to obtain feedback from patients require usage of limited human resources. Electronic tools to increase completeness of feedback within 30 days post-procedure are promising, but failed to achieve spectacular success in one randomized controlled trial [3]. Finally, cross-checking against health registries is considered to be the most objective method; however, this approach only allows data on hospitalizations and deaths to be collected and does not always allow for the assessment of causality. In addition, registry analysis is not always a feasible method as it requires a lot of time and human resources. Furthermore, the true estimates are not always clear as the method used to collect the data can have a significant impact on results. Adler et al. revealed a 3.1-fold difference in complication frequency depending on whether registry data, patient feedback, or hospitalization data were used [4]. Another problem lies in the varying definitions of adverse events used in studies and the differing methods of assessing causality (i. e. whether the complication was related or unrelated to the procedure in question), resulting in inconsistent findings. From a public perspective, 30-day adverse event rates should always be put into context with data from a comparison group that did not undergo the procedure in question, which is usually lacking. “Subtracting” natural history events during a 30-day period should be included in the equation. Such an example has been reported previously [5]. Finally, the indication for a procedure is often not taken into account in large databases of adverse events.
Signaling sphingolipids are biomarkers for atopic dermatitis prone to disseminated viral infections
Authors: Evgeny Berdyshev, Elena Goleva, Irina Bronova, Anna Sofia Bronoff, Joanne E. Streib, Kathryn A. Vang, Brittany N. Richers, Patricia Taylor, Lisa Beck, Miguel Villarreal, Keli Johnson, Gloria David, Mark K. Slifka, Jon Hanifin, Donald Y.M. Leung
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2022)
Abstract P3-06-03: NR2F1 is a barrier to dissemination of early-evolved mammary cancer cells
Authors: Carolina Rodriguez-Tirado, Nupura Kale, Maria Jose Carlini, Nitisha Shrivastava, Alcina Rodrigues, Bassem Khalil, Jose Javier Bravo-Cordero, Melissa Alexander, Jiayi Ji, Maria Soledad Sosa
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

Abstract Pre-malignant cells disseminate during very early and sometimes asymptomatic stages of tumor progression. Once settled in permissive environments at secondary organs, they can act as a source for metastasis (e.g. in breast, pancreatic, colon, melanoma and lung carcinomas), thus emerging as important players in future prognosis. Granted that biological barriers to tumorigenesis exist, there must also be limiting steps to early dissemination in pre-malignant cells, all of which remain largely unknown. We report that the orphan nuclear receptor NR2F1/COUP-TF1, downstream of Her2 signaling via p38alpha serves as a barrier to early dissemination in pre-malignant breast cells. Our work shows that NR2F1 expression is positively regulated by p38α-MAPK pathway and inhibited by HER2 oncogenic signaling pathway. Furthermore, NR2F1 downregulation in human and murine pre-malignant cell lines led to a partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition characterized by decreased E-cadherin expression and β-catenin membrane localization, disorganized laminin 5 deposition, and increased expression of CK14, TWIST1, ZEB1 and PRRX1, thus explaining an increased motility and dissemination of early cells upon loss of NR2F1. Interestingly, NR2F1 lost also maintained epithelial markers (like CK18), suggesting an hybrid luminal-mesenchymal phenotype that could favor cellular plasticity to adapt to distant sites. We also showed that NR2F1 blocked b-catenin nuclear localization via a WNT-dependent pathway. Significantly, downregulation of NR2F1 increased the in vivo dissemination potential of pre-malignant cells to lungs in a HER2-dependent manner. Lastly, Nr2f1 expression was downregulated in non-invasive DCIS biopsies when compared to benign adjacent tissue, and its expression was inversely correlated to Prrx1 levels. The inverse correlation between Nr2f1 and Prrx1 levels was lost in genetically evolved primary tumors, which suggests that a unique inhibitory mechanism of dissemination dominates at early stages of tumor progression. Overall, our data suggest the existence of an inhibitory mechanism of dissemination regulated by NR2F1 downstream of HER2 signaling in premalignant breast cells and propose that therapeutic strategies that aim to maintain NR2F1 expression could reduce dissemination of premalignant cells and delay relapses. Citation Format: Carolina Rodriguez-Tirado, Nupura Kale, Maria Jose Carlini, Nitisha Shrivastava, Alcina Rodrigues, Bassem Khalil, Jose Javier Bravo-Cordero, Melissa Alexander, Jiayi Ji, Maria Soledad Sosa. NR2F1 is a barrier to dissemination of early-evolved mammary cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-06-03.
THE RELEVANCE OF MULTIMODALITY CARDIAC IMAGING IN THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF LEFT VENTRICULAR ANEURYSM VS PSEUDOANEURYSM AFTER AN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Uriel Encarnacion-Martinez, Luis Antonio Jimenez Ruan, Rodrigo Gopar-Nieto, Gerardo Vieyra
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
IDENTIFYING NOVEL PHENOTYPES OF ELEVATED LEFT VENTRICULAR END DIASTOLIC PRESSURE USING HIERARCHICAL CLUSTERING OF FEATURES DERIVED FROM ELECTROMECHANICAL WAVEFORM DATA
Authors: Timothy Burton, Horace Gillins, William E. Sanders, Sanjeev P. Bhavnani, Rola Khedraki, Travis James Cohoon, Emmanuel Lange, Mohammad Firouzi, Abhinav Doomra, Farhad Fathieh, Ali Khosousi, Shyam Ramchandani
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
NEUROCARDIOGENIC SYNCOPE DURING HEAD-UP TILT TABLE (HUTT) TESTING IN PATIENTS WITH POST-ACUTE SEQUELA OF COVID-19 (PASC): A PROSPECTIVE EVALUATION
Authors: Sameer M. Jamal, David Landers, Zoltan G. Turi, Steven M. Hollenberg, Taya V. Glotzer, Jana Tancredi, Joseph E. Parrillo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Tumor-derived exosomes co-delivering aggregation-induced emission luminogens and proton pump inhibitors for tumor glutamine starvation therapy and enhanced type-I photodynamic therapy
Authors: Daoming Zhu, Tianfu Zhang, Yang Li, Chunyu Huang, Meng Suo, Ligang Xia, Youhua Xu, Guoxin Li, Ben Zhong Tang
Journal: Biomaterials (2022)
Differential regulation of progranulin derived granulin peptides
Authors: Tingting Zhang, Huan Du, Mariela Nunez Santos, Xiaochun Wu, Mitchell D. Pagan, Lianne Jillian Trigiani, Nozomi Nishimura, Thomas Reinheckel, Fenghua Hu
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2022)

Abstract Background Haploinsufficiency of progranulin (PGRN) is a leading cause of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). PGRN is comprised of 7.5 granulin repeats and is processed into individual granulin peptides in the lysosome. However, very little is known about the levels and regulations of individual granulin peptides due to the lack of specific antibodies. Results Here we report the generation and characterization of antibodies specific to each granulin peptide. We found that the levels of granulins C, E and F are regulated differently compared to granulins A and B in various tissues. The levels of PGRN and granulin peptides vary in different brain regions and the ratio between granulins and PGRN is highest in the cortical region in the adult male mouse brain. Granulin-A is localized in the lysosome in both neurons and microglia and its levels in microglia increase under pathological conditions. Interestingly, the levels of granulin A in microglia change correspondingly with PGRN in response to stroke but not demyelination. Furthermore, deficiency of lysosomal proteases and the PGRN binding partner prosaposin leads to alterations in the ratios between individual granulin peptides. Granulins B, C and E are heavily glycosylated and the glycosylation patterns can be regulated. Conclusion Our results support that the levels of individual granulin peptides are differentially regulated under physiological and pathological conditions and provide novel insights into how granulin peptides function in the lysosome.
External validation of the <scp>HIGH‐2‐LOW</scp> model: A predictive score for venous thromboembolism after allogeneic transplant
Authors: Ang Li, Kylee L. Martens, Daniel Nguyen, Ryan Basom, Gabriela Rondon, Shida Jin, Elliana Young, Christopher I. Amos, Stephanie J. Lee, Chris Davis, David A. Garcia, Richard Champlin, Elizabeth Shpall, Partow Kebriaei, Cristhiam Rojas Hernandez
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2022)

In patients undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains a serious complication that lacks validated risk assessment models (RAMs) to guide thromboprophylaxis. To address this dilemma, we performed a temporal and external validation study of the recently derived HIGH-2-LOW RAM. We selected adult patients undergoing allogeneic HCT from Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCRC) and MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC). Patients who died, received anticoagulation, or did not engraft platelets by day 30 were excluded. Primary outcomes were defined as overall VTE and pulmonary embolism ± lower-extremity deep venous thromboembolism (PE/LE-DVT) by day 180. Covariates were weighted according to the original model, except that grade 2-4 GVHD was substituted for grade 3-4. Discrimination and calibration were assessed. A total of 765 patients from FHCRC and 954 patients from MDACC were included. Incident VTE by day 180 was 5.1% at FHCRC and 6.8% at MDACC. The HIGH-2-LOW score had a c-statistic of 0.67 (0.59-0.75) for VTE and 0.75 (0.64-0.81) for PE/LE-DVT at FHCRC and 0.62 (0.55-0.70) for VTE and 0.70 (0.56-0.83) for PE/LE-DVT at MDACC. Twenty-five percent and 23% of patients were classified as high risk (2+ points) in the two cohorts, respectively. High versus low-risk was associated with odds ratio (OR) of 2.80 (1.46-5.38) for VTE and 4.21 (1.82-9.77) for PE/LE-DVT at FHCRC and OR of 3.54 (2.12-5.91) for VTE and 6.82 (2.30-20.16) for PE-LE-DVT at MDACC. The HIGH-2-LOW RAM identified allogeneic HCT recipients at high risk for VTE in both validation cohorts. It can improve evidence-based decision-making for thromboprophylaxis post-transplant.
Incidence of acute respiratory illnesses in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis by a subgroup of the IOC consensus on ‘acute respiratory illness in the athlete’
Authors: Wayne Derman, Marelise Badenhorst, Maaike Maria Eken, Josu Ezeiza-Gomez, Jane Fitzpatrick, Maree Gleeson, Lovemore Kunorozva, Katja Mjosund, Margo Mountjoy, Nicola Sewry, Martin Schwellnus
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2022)

Objective To determine the incidence of acute respiratory illness (ARill) in athletes and by method of diagnosis, anatomical classification, ages, levels of performance and seasons. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources Electronic databases: PubMed-Medline, EbscoHost and Web of Science. Eligibility criteria Original research articles published between January 1990 and July 2020 in English reporting the incidence of ARill in athletes, at any level of performance (elite/non-elite), aged 15–65 years. Results Across all 124 studies (n=1 28 360 athletes), the incidence of ARill, estimated by dividing the number of cases by the total number of athlete days, was 4.7 (95% CI 3.9 to 5.7) per 1000 athlete days. In studies reporting acute respiratory infections (ARinf; suspected and confirmed) the incidence was 4.9 (95% CI 4.0 to 6.0), which was similar in studies reporting undiagnosed ARill (3.7; 95% CI 2.1 to 6.7). Incidences of 5.9 (95% CI 4.8 to 7.2) and 2.8 (95% CI 1.8 to 4.5) were found for studies reporting upper ARinf and general ARinf (upper or lower), respectively. The incidence of ARinf was similar across the different methods to diagnose ARinf. A higher incidence of ARinf was found in non-elite (8.7; 95% CI 6.1 to 12.5) vs elite athletes (4.2; 95% CI 3.3 to 5.3). Summary/conclusions These findings suggest: (1) the incidence of ARill equates to approximately 4.7 per athlete per year; (2) the incidence of upper ARinf was significantly higher than general (upper/lower) ARinf; (3) elite athletes have a lower incidence of ARinf than non-elite athletes; (4) if pathogen identification is not available, physicians can confidently use validated questionnaires and checklists to screen athletes for suspected ARinf. For future studies, we recommend that a clear diagnosis of ARill is reported. PROSPERO registration number CRD42020160472.
Implementing existing air pollution policies will improve health and save lives
Authors: Elaine Mulcahy
Journal: BMJ (2022)

Every minute of every day, the majority of people in the world inhale toxic particles that settle in the lining of their lungs or filter through to their bloodstream where they trigger breathing difficulties and exacerbate heart diseases.Repeated exposure over months and years often eventually worsen the impacts of dementia, diabetes, hypertension, lung cancer, and pneumonia.The effect is lethal, resulting in millions of deaths globally every year.In the UK, the most reliable figures available estimate that between 28 000-36 000 people died as a result of air pollution in 2013.
RETRIEVAL OF A TAVI VALVE FROM THE LEFT VENTRICLE AND SUBSEQUENT SUCCESSFUL IMPLANTATION
Authors: Christopher Balfe, Samir Morad, Tommy Hennessy, Hani Muradagha, Chantal Y. Asselin, Muez Mohamed, Syed F Abbas, Thomas Kiernan, Samer Arnous
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Functional mapping of PHF6 complexes in chromatin remodeling, replication dynamics, and DNA repair
Authors: Silvia Alvarez, Ana C. da Silva Almeida, Robert Albero, Mayukh Biswas, Angelica Barreto-Galvez, Thomas S. Gunning, Anam Shaikh, Tomas Aparicio, Agnieszka Wendorff, Erich Piovan, Pieter Van Vlierberghe, Steven Gygi, Jean Gautier, Advaitha Madireddy, Adolfo A. Ferrando
Journal: Blood (2022)
Overview of the 2022 WHO Classification of Thyroid Neoplasms
Authors: Zubair W. Baloch, Sylvia L. Asa, Justine A. Barletta, Ronald A. Ghossein, C. Christofer Juhlin, Chan Kwon Jung, Virginia A. LiVolsi, Mauro G. Papotti, Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, Giovanni Tallini, Ozgur Mete
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2022)
Abstract P2-08-01: Validation of a 16-gene genomic signature to identify early-stage invasive breast cancer patients who may omit radiotherapy
Authors: Anthony Fyles, S. Laura Chang, Katrina Rey-McIntyre, Wei Shi, Felix Feng, Corey Speers, Lori Pierce, David McCready, Fei-Fei Liu
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

Abstract Background While whole breast radiotherapy has been standard of care for invasive breast cancer patients treated with breast conserving surgery, not all women may benefit from radiotherapy. Recently, we demonstrated that a 16-gene signature named Profile for the Omission of Local Adjuvant Radiotherapy (POLAR) could identify breast cancer patients with HR+, HER2- tumors treated with breast conserving surgery alone with a 10-year locoregional recurrence risk of less than 10%. Methods In this study, we apply the signature to patients enrolled in the Princess Margaret Trial, a randomized trial where patients age 50 years or older were randomized to radiotherapy and tamoxifen or tamoxifen alone after breast conserving surgery. Tissue from 132 patients with HR+, HER2- tumors were available for gene expression analysis. Results For women treated with tamoxifen alone after breast conserving surgery, POLAR identified low risk women with a 7% risk of locoregional recurrence at 10 years. Comparison to POLAR-low patients treated with adjuvant radiotherapy did not demonstrate a significant benefit from radiotherapy (HR=1.5[0.14-16], p=0.74). POLAR-high patients not treated with radiotherapy had a 22% risk of locoregional recurrence at 10 years. Comparison to POLAR-high patients treated with adjuvant radiotherapy demonstrated a significant benefit from standard radiotherapy (HR=0.25[0.07-0.92], p=0.038). Conclusions These data suggest that the POLAR genomic signature may be used to identify patients with a low risk of locoregional recurrence without significant benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy. Patients with low POLAR scores may potentially be candidates for radiation therapy omission when treated with breast conserving surgery and tamoxifen. Citation Format: Anthony Fyles, S. Laura Chang, Katrina Rey-McIntyre, Wei Shi, Felix Feng, Corey Speers, Lori Pierce, David McCready, Fei-Fei Liu. Validation of a 16-gene genomic signature to identify early-stage invasive breast cancer patients who may omit radiotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-08-01.