tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Patients With cT1N0M0 Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Benefit From Elective Neck Dissection: A SEER-Based Study
Authors: Alimujiang Wushou, Meng Wang, Feiluore Yibulayin, Lei Feng, Meng-meng Lu, Yuan Luo, Hui Liu, Zhi-cheng Yang
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2021)

The incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is increasing, with an estimated 369,000 new patients each year worldwide. Surgery is the primary treatment modality for early-stage OSCC, but there is scant evidence to prove the value of elective neck dissection (END) for relatively small early-stage OSCC. This study aimed to identify factors predicting survival for patients with clinical stage T1N0M0 (cT1N0M0) OSCC and whether up-front END improved survival.Patients with cT1N0M0 OSCC who underwent tumor resection with or without END were identified and extracted from the SEER database. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to assess overall survival and disease-specific survival. Prognostic factors were determined using Cox regression analysis.A total of 5,752 patients with cT1N0M0 OSCC were extracted, of whom 2,194 (38.1%) underwent tumor resection surgery with concurrent END and 3,558 (61.9%) underwent only tumor resection. In a multivariate Cox analysis, a relatively advanced age (>62 years) and relatively high pathologic grade were the significant negative predictors, but married status (hazard ratio, 0.709; P=.006) and undergoing END (hazard ratio, 0.708; P<.001) were identified as significant independent positive factors.Patients with cT1N0M0 OSCC gain significant overall and disease-specific survival benefit from END.
2019 Health Care &amp; Education Presidential Address: It’s All About Access!
Authors: Gretchen A. Youssef
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

This article is adapted from a speech Ms. Youssef delivered as President, Health Care & Education, of the American Diabetes Association at its 79th Scientific Sessions in San Francisco, CA, on 8 June 2019.Diabetes care management and prevention are national priorities with significant health and economic consequences at the patient, provider, and system levels. Gretchen Youssef, MS, RD, CDCES, program director of the MedStar Health Diabetes Institute, is a registered dietitian and diabetes care and education specialist who serves diabetes clinical, education, research, and quality improvement initiatives across the 10-hospital MedStar Health System in Washington, DC, and Maryland.Ms. Youssef began her research career with the MedStar Health Research Institute and the National Institutes of Health Diabetes Prevention Program. She then joined the MedStar Health Diabetes Institute, where she continues her interests in diabetes prevention, diabetes self-care management, delivery of community-based diabetes self-management education, examination of physical activity and food choices in urban older women, and development and validation of the "KNOW Diabetes" Survival Skills Knowledge test, which can be used to identify self-care knowledge deficits in adults with type 2 diabetes. Over the past decade, she has focused on health services research addressing real-world delivery of evidence-based type 2 diabetes care management and the changing role of the diabetes care and education specialist in diabetes care. Ms. Youssef is committed to improving lives of people with diabetes, especially those who are challenged by low health literacy and socioeconomic and mental health barriers, which often prevent them from accessing and receiving optimal care. Throughout her career she has been an active member of the American Diabetes Association.
Severe AKI from Thrombotic Microangiopathy and Acute Tubular Necrosis in a Patient with COVID-19 and Gemcitabine Chemotherapy Use
Authors: Varun Madireddy, Deepa A. Malieckal, Vanesa Bijol, Hitesh H. Shah
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2020)

Madireddy, Varun; Malieckal, Deepa A.; Bijol, Vanesa; Shah, Hitesh H. Author Information
Accuracy of US College Football Players’ Estimates of Their Risk of Concussion or Injury
Authors: Christine M. Baugh, Emily Kroshus, William P. Meehan, Thomas G. McGuire, Laura A. Hatfield
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> Despite increased concern about the health consequences of contact sports, little is known about athletes' understanding of their own risk of sports-related injury. <h3>Objective</h3> To assess whether college football players accurately estimate their risk of concussion and nonconcussion injury and to identify characteristics of athletes who misestimate their injury risk. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> In this survey study, questionnaires were given to 296 current college football players on 4 teams from the 3 of the 5 most competitive conferences of the US National Collegiate Athletic Association. Surveys were conducted between February and May 2017. Data were analyzed from June 2017 through July 2020. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Multiple approaches were taken to compare athlete perceptions of their risks of concussion and nonconcussion injury with individual probabilities of these risks, which were modeled using logistic regression. <h3>Results</h3> Of 296 male college-aged athletes from 4 football teams who participated in the survey, 265 (89%) answered all questions relevant for this study. Participating teams were similar to nonparticipating teams across nearly all measured characteristics. One hundred athletes (34%) had sustained 1 or more concussions, and 197 (68% of the 289 who responded to the question) had sustained 1 or more injuries in the previous football season. Logistic regression models of single-season injury and concussion had reasonably good fit (area under the curve, 0.75 and 0.73, respectively). Of the 265 participants for whom all relevant data were available, 111 (42%) underestimated their risk of concussion (χ<sup>2</sup> = 98.6;<i>P</i> = .003). A similar proportion of athletes (113 [43%]) underestimated their risk of injury, although this was not statistically significant (χ<sup>2</sup> = 34.0;<i>P</i> = .09). An alternative analytic strategy suggested that 241 athletes (91%) underestimated their risk of injury (Wilcoxon statistic, 7865;<i>P</i> &lt; .001) and 167 (63%) underestimated their risk of concussion (Wilcoxon statistic, 26 768;<i>P</i> &lt; .001). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> The findings of this survey study suggest that college football players may underestimate their risk of injury and concussion. The implications for informed participation in sport are unclear given that people generally underestimate health risks. It is necessary to consider whether athletes are sufficiently informed and how much risk is acceptable for an athlete to participate in a sport.
2020 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease
Authors: Catherine M. Otto, Rick A. Nishimura, Robert O. Bonow, Blase A. Carabello, John P. Erwin, Federico Gentile, Hani Jneid, Eric V. Krieger, Michael Mack, Christopher McLeod, Patrick T. O’Gara, Vera H. Rigolin, Thoralf M. Sundt, Annemarie Thompson, Christopher Toly
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2020)
Toward Quantification of Geographic Disparity in Access to Surgical Care—Betwixt and Between
Authors: Ugwuji N. Maduekwe, Alex B. Haynes
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Reply to Amit Bansal, Ruchir Maheshwari, and Anant Kumar’s Letter to the Editor re: Fredrik Liedberg, Petter Kollberg, Marie Allerbo, et al. Preventing Parastomal Hernia After Ileal Conduit by the Use of a Prophylactic Mesh: A Randomised Study. Eur Urol 2020;78:757–63
Authors: Fredrik Liedberg, Petter Kollberg, Marie Allerbo, Gediminas Baseckas, Johan Brändstedt, Sigurdur Gudjonsson, Oskar Hagberg, Ulf Håkansson, Tomas Jerlström, Annica Löfgren, Oliver Patschan, Anne Sörenby, Mats Bläckberg
Journal: European Urology (2020)
The current landscape of single-cell transcriptomics for cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Puneeth Guruprasad, Yong Gu Lee, Ki Hyun Kim, Marco Ruella
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2020)

Immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint blockade and adoptive cell transfer have revolutionized cancer treatment, but further progress is hindered by our limited understanding of tumor resistance mechanisms. Emerging technologies now enable the study of tumors at the single-cell level, providing unprecedented high-resolution insights into the genetic makeup of the tumor microenvironment and immune system that bulk genomics cannot fully capture. Here, we highlight the recent key findings of the use of single-cell RNA sequencing to deconvolute heterogeneous tumors and immune populations during immunotherapy. Single-cell RNA sequencing has identified new crucial factors and cellular subpopulations that either promote tumor progression or leave tumors vulnerable to immunotherapy. We anticipate that the strategic use of single-cell analytics will promote the development of the next generation of successful, rationally designed immunotherapeutics.
Main Duct Thresholds for Malignancy Are Different in Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms of the Pancreatic Head and Body-Tail
Authors: Stefano Crippa, Francesca Aleotti, Enrico Longo, Giulio Belfiori, Stefano Partelli, Domenico Tamburrino, Francesca Di Salvo, Francesco De Cobelli, Luigi Romano, Paolo Giorgio Arcidiacono, Maria Chiara Petrone, Giuseppe Zamboni, Marco Schiavo Lena, Claudio Doglioni, Massimo Falconi
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2020)
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase correlates with tumor immune activity and programmed death ligand-1 expression in Merkel cell carcinoma
Authors: Motoki Nakamura, Kotaro Nagase, Maki Yoshimitsu, Tetsuya Magara, Yuka Nojiri, Hiroshi Kato, Tadahiro Kobayashi, Yukiko Teramoto, Masahito Yasuda, Hidefumi Wada, Toshiyuki Ozawa, Yukie Umemori, Dai Ogata, Akimichi Morita
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2020)

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and highly malignant skin cancer. Some cases have a good prognosis and spontaneous regression can occur. Reported prognostic markers, such as Merkel cell polyoma virus infection or programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression, remain insufficient for precisely estimating the vastly different patient outcomes. We performed RNA sequencing to evaluate the immune response and comprehensively estimate prognostic values of immunogenic factors in patients with MCC.We collected 90 specimens from 71 patients and 53 blood serum samples from 21 patients with MCC at 10 facilities. The mRNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. Next-generation sequencing, immunohistochemical staining and blood serum tests were performed.Next-generation sequencing results classified MCC samples into two types: the 'immune active type' was associated with better clinical outcomes than the 'cell division type'. Expression of the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) gene was highly significantly upregulated in the 'cell division type'. Among 395 genes, G6PD expression correlated with the presence of lymph node or distant metastases during the disease course and significantly negatively correlated with PD-L1 expression. Immunohistochemical staining of G6PD also correlated with disease-specific survival and exhibited less heterogeneity compared with PD-L1 expression. G6PD activity could be measured by a blood serum test. The detection values significantly increased as the cancer stage progressed and significantly decreased after treatment.G6PD expression was an immunohistochemically and serum-detectable prognostic marker that negatively correlated with immune activity and PD-L1 levels, and could be used to predict the immunotherapy response.
Treatment Deescalation Strategies for Nasopharyngeal Cancer
Authors: Anna Lee, James C. H. Chow, Nancy Y. Lee
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2020)

<h3>Importance</h3> Since the advent of modern radiotherapy techniques and incorporation of systemic chemotherapy for nasopharyngeal cancer, locoregional control has been excellent. However, the rate of treatment-related complications, many of which are irreversible, remains high. New approaches are being explored to determine whether the toxic effects of treatment can be relieved while maintaining disease control. This review presents the current state of deescalation strategies for nasopharyngeal cancer. <h3>Observations</h3> A review of the literature shows that deescalation approaches can be generally categorized into deescalating systemic therapy vs deescalating radiotherapy. This review discusses studies that have explored sparing chemotherapy in selected patients with stage II cancer as well as altering the chemotherapy scheduling, dosing, and agent from the current standard of care, cisplatin. Deescalating radiotherapy has involved decreasing the dose and the treatment volume. In many cases, these approaches are being guided by measuring Epstein-Barr virus DNA levels, which is a robust biomarker for screening, treatment monitoring, and surveillance. Ongoing work with various imaging modalities, such as fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and dynamic contrast-enhanced or diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging sequences, have shown promise as another biomarker to safely guide practitioners toward deescalation. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Various strategies to deescalate treatment in nasopharyngeal cancer have been explored, and outcomes have remained excellent in most approaches. Patient selection remains key, and long-term outcomes and late complications are still to be determined. Continued investigation with prospective, multi-institutional studies are needed to better elucidate how treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma can best be individualized and deescalated.
Assessment of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Coronary Thrombus of a Case Series of Patients With COVID-19 and Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Ana Blasco, María-José Coronado, Fernando Hernández-Terciado, Paloma Martín, Ana Royuela, Elvira Ramil, Diego García, Javier Goicolea, María Del Trigo, Javier Ortega, Juan M. Escudier, Lorenzo Silva, Carmen Bellas
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2020)

Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by the intense formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), leading to the occlusion of microvessels, as shown in pulmonary samples. The occurrence of ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a serious cardiac manifestation of COVID-19; the intrinsic mechanism of coronary thrombosis appears to still be unknown.
FRI0279 USE OF TNF-INHIBITORS BEFORE, DURING AND THE FIRST YEAR AFTER PREGNANCY IN WOMEN WITH SPONDYLOARTHRITIS
Authors: H. Bjørngaard, H. Koksvik, B. Jakobsen, M. Wallenius
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2020)

Background: Treat to target is a goal in pregnant women with spondyloarthristis. There is increasing evidence on safe use with TNF inhibitors during pregnancy (1). Adjusted use of TNF inhibitors preconception and throughout pregnancy may stabilize disease activity and prevent flares (2). Low disease activity is also beneficial for the fetus. Objectives: To study the use of TNF-inhibitors among women with spondyloarthritis in Norway before, during and after pregnancy. Methods: RevNatus is a Norwegian, nationwide quality register that monitors treatment of inflammatory rheumatic diseases before, during and after pregnancy. Data from RevNatus in the period October 2017 to October 2019 were used to map the use of all types of TNF inhibitors among 208 women with spondyloarthitis, fulfilling the ASAS criteria. The use of medication was reported at the time of visit in outpatient clinic. The frequency of use of TNF inhibitors is registered at seven timepoints from pre-pregnancy to twelve months after delivery. Results: The use of TNF-inhibitors was reported at each visit for all the women with spondyloarthritis. Most women are not using TNF inhibitors before and beyond conception. Most of the women continuing TNF inhibitors beyond conception, used certolizumab, etanercept, or adalimumab. Infliximab or golimumab were not used in pregnancy (tabell 2). Table 2: SPA Certoli-zumab Etaner-cept Adali-mumab Golim-umab Inflik-simab No TNF -inhibitor Before Pregnancy n=139 10% (14) 8% (11) 6% (9) 6% (9) 69% (96) 1.trimester n=102 7% (7) 7% (7) 2 % (2) 84% (86) 2.trimester n=104 7% (7) 6% (6) 1% (1) 87% (90) 3. trimester n=95 3% (3) 2% (2) 1% (1) 94% (89) 6 weeks post partum n=100 15% (15) 10% (10) 8% (8) 3% (3) 64% (64) 6 months post partum n=82 19% (16) 12% (10) 7% (6) 2% (2) 2% (2) 55% (46) 12 months post partum n=74 22% (16) 15% (11) 7% (5) 4% (3) 5% (4) 47% (35) Conclusion: A majority of the women with spondyloarthritis were not treated with TNF inhibitors before or during pregnancy. Only a few of the women with spondylosthritis continued treatment with TNF inhibitors during pregnancy. References: [1]Gotestam Skorpen C, Hoeltzenbein M, Tincani A, Fischer-Betz R, Elefant E, Chambers C, et al. The EULAR points to consider for use of antirheumatic drugs before pregnancy, and during pregnancy and lactation. 2016;75(5):795-810. [2]van den Brandt S, Zbinden A, Baeten D, Villiger PM, Ostensen M, Forger F. Risk factors for flare and treatment of disease flares during pregnancy in rheumatoid arthritis and axial spondyloarthritis patients. Arthritis Res Ther. 2017;19(1):64. Disclosure of Interests: None declared
Short-term exercise training improves HDL functional characteristics in patients with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Antonio Casella Filho, Vanessa Monteiro da Silva, Caio B. Casella, Ivani Credidio Trombetta, Fernando Hysue Cesena, B.C.G. Nascimento, C. E. Negrão, Raul Cavalcante Maranhão, P. L. Daluz, Antonio Carlos Palandri Chagas
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Abstract 242: Association Between Charlson Comborbidity Illness Components and Outcome Following Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Jon Rittenberger, Luis Calderon, Ankur Doshi, Cameron Dezfulian, Francis Guyette, Clifton Callaway
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: The independent effect of pre-arrest comorbid illness on survival and good neurologic outcome following resuscitation from cardiac arrest has not been defined. Methods: Convenience sample of patients treated at a post-cardiac arrest center between 1/1/2005 and 7/22/2009 with Charlson Comborbidity Index (CCI) scores determined. We obtained information and injury severity based on Pittsburgh Cardiac Arrest Category (PCAC) were determined from the medical records. Univariate logistic regression was used to determine the association between individual CCI components and survival and good neurologic outcome (defined as discharge home or to acute facility) were primary outcomes. A multivariate model including PCAC, shockable rhythm, and CCI components found significant in the univariate model was generated. Goodness of fit was evaluated using the Hosmer Lemeshow value. Results: Of 348 subjects, the majority (56%) were male, experienced OHCA (54%), with a mean age of 61 (±16) years. VF/VT was the most common rhythm (39%), 32% received coronary angiography, the majority (66%) were comatose, and 56% received hypothermia. VF/VT was associated with survival in the multivariate model whereas PCAC and age was associated with non-survival. VF/VT, cardiac catheterization, and history of myocardial infarction were associated with good outcome in the multivariate model, whereas PCAC was associated with poor outcome. (Table) Conclusions: Prior history of diabetes and more severe injury severity associate with worse outcomes whereas factors associated with cardiac etiology arrests (MI, VF/VT, catheterization) are associated with improved outcomes.
Rhabdomyolysis as a Late Complication of COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Benjamin Lidgard, Ann M. O’Hare, Sarah F. Sanghavi, Bessie A. Young
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2020)

Lidgard, Benjamin; O'Hare, Ann M.; Sanghavi, Sarah F.; Young, Bessie A. Author Information
Abstract 12143: The Identification of Bone Marrow-derived Artery-resident Mesodermal Progenitor Cells and Dynamics in Atherosclerosis
Authors: Hyun-Jai Cho, Hyun-Ju Cho, Choon-Soo Lee, Ho-Jae Lee, Jung-Kyu Han, Hyo-Soo Kim
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Cellular components and dynamics play a pivotal role in vascular diseases. A recent study identified bone marrow (BM)-derived calcifying progenitor cells. However, the nature of progenitor cells remains elusive. We here investigated the developmental hierarchy of progenitor cells and their dynamics in atherosclerosis. Methods and Results: We harvested cells from BM and artery of C57 mice. In BM, Lin-/CD29+/Sca-1+/PDGFRα- cells showed hematopoietic potential and differentiated into osteoclast (OC)-like cells.They also possessed mesenchymal stem cell property including osteoblastic (OB) differentiation. In contrast, Lin-/CD29+/Sca-1+/PDGFRα+ cells showed only OB potential. In vivo reconstitution assay demonstrated that Sca-1+/PDGFRα- cell was an ancestor of Sca-1+/PDGFRα+ cell, suggesting a mesodermal progenitor cell. Interestingly, BM-derived artery-resident, clonal Sca-1+/PDGFRα- cells maintained bi-potency (OB/OC) but lost hematopoietic nature. When we stimulated or knocked down PDGFRα, there was no alteration in OB or OC differentiation of Sca-1+/PDGFRα- cells and no effect on OB differentiation of Sca-1+/PDGFRα+ cells, indicating PDGFRα as a surface marker but not a functional player. In Apoe-KO mice compared with control, Sca-1+/PDGFRα- cells were less mobilized from BM to peripheral circulation and less infiltrated into atherosclerotic plaque, whereas Sca-1+/PDGFRα+cells were not significantly affected. Multiplex cytokine assay of serum and artery revealed that IL-1β was modestly increased and IL-5 was markedly decreased in atherosclerotic mice. IL-1β decreased the migration of Sca-1+/PDGFRα- cells by 5 folds compared with TNFα, and IL-5 increased the migration as much as TNFα. But the migration of Sca-1+/PDGFRα+ cells was not altered. Conclusion: We demonstrate that Sca-1+/PDGFRα- cell is a mesodermal progenitor cell that possesses both hematopoietic and mesenchymal potentials. The mobilization and infiltration of mesodermal progenitor cells into artery were regulated by atherosclerosis-related Inflammatory and anti-inflammatory humoral factors. These data may have implications for the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and provide a novel therapeutic target for vascular diseases.
Relational Autonomy in an Era of Limited Visitation: What’s a Son, Mother, and Medical Team to Do?
Authors: Anita Tarzian
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2020)

"Relational Autonomy in an Era of Limited Visitation: What’s a Son, Mother, and Medical Team to Do?." The American Journal of Bioethics, 21(1), pp. 78–79