tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Extracellular field required for excitation in three-dimensional anisotropic canine myocardium.
Authors: D WFrazier, WKrassowska, P SChen, P DWolf, E GDixon, W MSmith, R EIdeker
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

It is not known how well potential gradient, current density, and energy correlate with excitation by extracellular stimulation in the in situ heart. Additionally, the influence of fiber orientation and stimulus polarity on the extracellular thresholds for stimulation expressed in terms of these factors has not been assessed. To answer these questions for myocardium in electrical diastole, extracellular excitation thresholds were determined from measurements of stimulus potentials and activation patterns recorded from 120 transmural electrodes in a 35 X 20 X 5-mm region of the right ventricular outflow tract in six open-chest dogs. Extracellular potential gradients, current densities, energies, and their components longitudinal and transverse to the local fiber orientation at each recording site were calculated from the stimulus potentials produced by 3-msec constant-current stimuli. The resulting values in regions directly excited by the stimulus field were compared with the values in regions not directl...
Luteolin induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in hepatoma cells involving TGF-β and Fas/Fas-ligand signaling pathways
Authors: Nam Deuk Kim, Su-Bog Yee, Mi-Na Kim, Sang Eun Park, Mohammad Akbar Hossain, Min Young Kim, Gi Young Kim, Yung Hyun Choi
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

441  Anti-proliferative effects of flavonoids, such as luteolin and apigenin, were investigated on immortalized Chang liver cells, HepG2 (wild-type p53) cells and Hep3B (p53 deleted) cells. Luteolin showed more anti-proliferative effects on HepG2 and Hep3B cells than apigenin. However, luteolin and apigenin did not show any significant anti-proliferative effect on Chang liver cells. We thereafter used luteolin to study more detailed molecular mechanism involved in anti-proliferative effects on both cells. Luteolin-treated HepG2 and Hep3 cells showed typical apoptotic nuclear changes and the increase of a sub-G1 population. Flow cytometry analysis also revealed that luteolin induced G1 phase arrest on HepG2 and Hep3B cells dose- and time-dependent manners. Cell cycle related proteins, such as cyclin D1, Cdk4, Cdk2 as well as retinoblastoma protein (pRb) and E2F were down-regulated in HepG2 cells, while the expression level of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p21WAF1/CIP1, was increased in HepG2 cells after treatment with luteolin. However, Hep3B cells cells showed no significant induction of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p21WAF1/CIP1, which is regulated by p53 and instead showed significant upregulation of the expression level of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p27 KIP1, which is regulated by TGF-β1 signaling pathway. To clarify the role of TGF-β1 signaling pathway in Hep3B cells, we examined the expression level of Smad4, which is a down stream regulator of the TGF-β1 signaling pathway, and identified the dose-dependent up-regulation of Smad4 proteins in Hep3B cells treated with luteolin. Fas/Fas-L signaling pathway was also involved at the apoptotic process in both cells treated with luteolin. Moreover, pro-caspase-3 was activated and showed the dose- and time-dependent cleavages of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in both cells. Luteolin also modulated the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 to induce apoptosis in both cells treated with luteolin. Finally we examined the expression levels of transcription factors, such as c-Jun and c-Myc, and early growth response-1 (Egr-1), and found out that these transcription factors were significantly up-regulated in luteolin-treated HepG2 cells, but not in Hep3B cells. Therefore, these results suggest that the state of p53 protein in human hepatocarcinoma cells might have a key role on the regulation of susceptibility to luteolin. These findings also suggest that luteolin may have a potential to be developed as an anti-cancer agent. (This work was supported by grant No. R01-2006-000-11117-0 from the Basic Research Program of the Korea Science & Engineering Foundation).
Hemodynamic and humoral characteristics of hypertension induced by prolonged stellate ganglion stimulation in conscious dogs.
Authors: J FLiard, R CTarazi, C MFerrario, W MManger
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

Recent evidence has suggested that cardiac factors may play a role in the evolution of arterial hypertension. To test the possibility that an increase in cardiac-performance can lead to a sustained increase in systemic blood pressure, we electrically stimulated the left stellate ganglion of six conscious dogs continuously for a 7-day period and monitored cardiac output and arterial blood pressure. In all six dogs, stimulation elicited an abrupt rise in systemic blood pre-sure that was entirely due to rise in cardiac output that lasted at least 6 hours. After 1 day of continuous stimulation, cardiac output retured to control values, but blood pressure remained elevated. After 7 days of stimulation, blood pressure was increased by an average of 25 mm Hg and peripheral resistance by 35 plus and minus 4%. Measurements of blood volume, plasma renin activity, circulating catecholamines (three of the six dogs), and sodium balance showed that none of these factors could explain the development pf this sustained h...
Protection by beta-blocking agents against free radical-mediated sarcolemmal lipid peroxidation.
Authors: I TMak, W BWeglicki
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

The effects of beta-blocking and class I antiarrhythmic agents on free radical-mediated sarcolemmal lipid peroxidation were examined. Highly purified canine myocytic sarcolemmal membranes were pretreated with 10-800 microM of selected beta-blocking (propranolol, pindolol, metoprolol, atenolol, or sotalol) and class I (quinidine, lidocaine, procainamide, or diphenylhydantoin) antiarrhythmic agents at 37 degrees C for 10 minutes. Subsequently, a superoxide radical (derived from dihydroxyfumarate) driven, Fe3+-ADP catalyzed free radical generating system was added and incubated for up to 45 minutes. Lipid peroxidation of sarcolemma was determined by malondialdehyde formation. Pretreatment of the membranes with the five beta-blockers resulted in various degrees (20-95%) of inhibition of sarcolemmal peroxidation in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. All the class I agents were less effective (less than 20% inhibition). The order of potency of the beta-blockers was propranolol greater than pindolol gre...
Effects of brief coronary occlusion and reperfusion on porcine coronary artery reactivity.
Authors: J PHeadrick, D AAngello, R MBerne
Journal: Circulation (1990)

The loss of coronary vasodilator reserve after ischemia-reperfusion may be due to endothelial injury, and this vascular dysfunction may contribute to functional alterations observed after ischemia. To determine whether endothelial dysfunction occurs after relatively brief periods of moderate low-flow ischemia in vivo, open-chest swine were subjected to 15 minutes of critical, subtotal left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion (80%) followed by 60 minutes of reperfusion. Serial measurements of regional coronary flow were made with the radiolabeled microsphere technique. After 60 minutes of reperfusion, the left anterior descending coronary artery was excised together with a section of the normally perfused left circumflex coronary artery to examine in vitro the relaxations to the endothelium-dependent dilators ADP and bradykinin and to the endothelial-independent dilators sodium nitroprusside and adenosine. Contractions to serotonin in quiescent rings were also examined. Endocardial and transmural...
Efficacy of neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists in the prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in patients receiving carboplatin-based chemotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: M. Di Maio, C. Baratelli, P. Bironzo, F. Vignani, E. Bria, E. Sperti, M. Marcato, F. Roila
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)
Necroptosis, pyroptosis and apoptosis: an intricate game of cell death
Authors: Damien Bertheloot, Eicke Latz, Bernardo S. Franklin
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2021)

Abstract Cell death is a fundamental physiological process in all living organisms. Its roles extend from embryonic development, organ maintenance, and aging to the coordination of immune responses and autoimmunity. In recent years, our understanding of the mechanisms orchestrating cellular death and its consequences on immunity and homeostasis has increased substantially. Different modalities of what has become known as ‘programmed cell death’ have been described, and some key players in these processes have been identified. We have learned more about the intricacies that fine tune the activity of common players and ultimately shape the different types of cell death. These studies have highlighted the complex mechanisms tipping the balance between different cell fates. Here, we summarize the latest discoveries in the three most well understood modalities of cell death, namely, apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis, highlighting common and unique pathways and their effect on the surrounding cells and the organism as a whole.
Abnormal subendocardial blood flow in pressure overload hypertrophy is associated with pacing-induced subendocardial dysfunction.
Authors: KNakano, W JCorin, J FSpann, R WBiederman, SDenslow, B ACarabello
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

To detect the functional significance of subendocardial hypoperfusion in the pressure-overloaded left ventricle, we studied subendocardial and subepicardial function and subendocardial and subepicardial blood flow simultaneously in seven dogs with left ventricular hypertrophy (left ventricle/body weight ratio, 7.2 g/kg) produced by chronic aortic banding. Seven normal dogs served as controls. Subendocardial and subepicardial segment lengths were measured by ultrasonic dimension gauges, and myocardial blood flow was measured with radioactive microspheres. Atrial pacing (180-200 beats/min for 5 minutes) was used to produce a chronotropic stress. In dogs with left ventricular hypertrophy, the subendocardial blood flow failed to increase during pacing compared with the baseline state (1.21 +/- 0.17 vs. 1.22 +/- 0.17 ml/min/g). Subendocardial shortening fraction deteriorated with pacing stress (before pacing, 30.6 +/- 3.9%; after pacing, 24.2 +/- 3.7%; p less than 0.001). In controls, subendocardial blood flow...
Reversibility of diabetic cardiomyopathy with insulin in rats.
Authors: F SFein, J EStrobeck, AMalhotra, JScheuer, E HSonnenblick
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

Diabetes appears to cause a cardiomyopathy independent of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease and hypertension. Left ventricular papillary muscle function studies in rats made severely diabetic with streptozotocin have shown a slowing of relaxation and a depression of shortening velocity. However, the effects of insulin therapy on the myocardial mechanics of diabetic rats have not been studied. Therefore, rats diabetic for 6-10 weeks were treated with PZI insulin for 2, 6, 10, or 28 days and the mechanical performance of their left ventricular papillary muscles was compared to that of untreated diabetics and age-matched controls; cardiac contractile protein enzymatic activity was also measured. Neither 2 nor 6 days of therapy had any effects on the depressed cardiac muscle performance of diabetic animals, although plasma glucose concentration was restored to normal. By 10 days of therapy, recovery of mechanical performance was nearly complete, and by 28 days of therapy, complete reversal of the altere...
Vascular structure in lung tissue obtained at biopsy correlated with pulmonary hemodynamic findings after repair of congenital heart defects.
Authors: MRabinovitch, J FKeane, W INorwood, A RCastaneda, LReid
Journal: Circulation (1984)

At the time of surgical repair, a lung biopsy was performed on patients with congenital heart defects who either had pulmonary hypertension or in whom it would be likely to develop if the lesion were not corrected. Pulmonary vascular changes, assessed morphometrically and also according to the classification of Heath and Edwards (Circulation 18: 533, 1958), were correlated with the postoperative pulmonary hemodynamic findings: mean pulmonary arterial pressure the day after correction and mean pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance measured 1 year later. On the first postoperative day, increased mean pulmonary arterial pressure was uncommon in patients with morphometric grade A or B (mild) biopsy findings and Heath-Edwards grade N (normal), and if it was present it was of a mild degree. Mean pulmonary arterial pressure was commonly elevated in those with grade B (severe) or C (mild or severe) and Heath-Edwards grade I biopsy results and was more frequently elevated in those with grad...
An Introduction to Vertebrate Embryology.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Attenuation of no-reflow phenomenon, neutrophil activation, and reperfusion injury in intestinal microcirculation by topical adenosine.
Authors: P MKaminski, K GProctor
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Small mesenteric arteries supplying partially isolated jejunal segments were totally occluded for 5 minutes and then released. With video microscopy, blood flow was calculated from measurements of submucosal arteriolar diameter and red blood cell velocity. For the first 30 minutes of reperfusion, the serosa was superfused with a Ringer's vehicle containing either adenosine (ADO; 10(-4) M), acetylcholine (ACh; 10(-5) M), or prostacyclin (PGI2; 3 x 10(-7) M). Thereafter, the substances were removed from the suffusate, and superfusion continued with vehicle alone for an additional 10-30 minutes. These concentrations were equieffective for causing vasodilation. During the first minute of reperfusion, blood flow increased more than 300% of baseline in all groups. Within the subsequent 30 minutes, blood flow fell to 45 +/- 3% of baseline with vehicle alone, which demonstrates the no-reflow phenomenon. While either ADO, ACh, or PGI2 was in the suffusate, vasodilation was persistent. After washout of these substa...
Prognostic Factors for Patients with Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma and Transformed Indolent Lymphoma Undergoing Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in the PET Era
Authors: Sarah Welch, Philippe Armand, Haesook T Kim, Ann S. LaCasce, Eric Jacobsen, Matthew S. Davids, Caron A. Jacobson, David C. Fisher, Jennifer R. Brown, Arnold S. Freedman, Erin Coughlin, Yi-Bin A. Chen
Journal: Blood (2012)
Evaluation of contractile state by maximal ventricular power divided by the square of end-diastolic volume.
Authors: D AKass, RBeyar
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDMaximal ventricular power (PWRmax) reflects contractile state and has the potential to be noninvasively determined. However, its sensitivities to preload, afterload resistance, and inotropic state are incompletely defined. The present study determines these dependencies and proposes a novel power-based contractile index that is little altered by load.METHODS AND RESULTSSeven open-chest, autonomically blocked dogs were instrumented with a proximal aortic flow probe, central aortic and ventricular micromanometers, and a conductance catheter for ventricular chamber volume. Preload was transiently reduced by left atrial hemorrhage, and afterload was increased by intra-aortic balloon inflation. Inotropic state was pharmacologically altered by lidocaine, dobutamine, propranolol, or verapamil. PWRmax was highly preload sensitive, altering 1.7 +/- 0.1-fold a given percent change in end-diastolic volume (EDV). This preload dependence was reduced by dividing PWRmax by EDV but was virtually eliminated when...
Transforming growth factor-beta 1 potentiated alpha 1-adrenergic and stretch-induced c-fos mRNA expression in rat myocardial cells.
Authors: NMiki, YHamamori, KHirata, MSuematsu, SKawashima, HAkita, MYokoyama
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

Since transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) has been recently shown to be expressed in the heart by mechanical stretch and ischemic injury, we examined the modulation of c-fos mRNA expression and amino acid uptake by TGF-beta 1 in rat myocardial cells. Pretreatment with TGF-beta 1 potentiated norepinephrine (NE)-induced and stretch-induced (+10% and +20% elongation, for 30 minutes) c-fos mRNA expression by 2.2-fold, whereas TGF-beta 1 alone did not induce c-fos mRNA expression in Northern blot analysis. NE-induced [14C]phenylalanine uptake was also potentiated with TGF-beta 1 pretreatment. The effect of TGF-beta 1 on the NE action was not blocked by propranolol but by prazosin. The protein kinase C activators (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate [TPA], phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate, and 1-oleyl-2-acetyl-rac-glycerol) induced c-fos mRNA expression, which was also potentiated by TGF-beta 1. Cycloheximide (protein synthesis inhibitor) could not suppress the TGF-beta 1 actions. In nonmuscle cells, TGF-be...
Post-ERCP Pancreatitis Is Not Influenced By The Time To Ercp In Non-Ercp Emergencies
Authors: T Moga, B Miutescu, AM Ghiuchici, C Foncea, R Tripcea, A Popescu, I Sporea, I Ratiu
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims The aim of this study was to assess if time to ERCP (TtE) is a risk factor for post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) or if TtE is influencing hospitalization days in patients with biliary obstruction.
Responsiveness to bradykinin in veins of hypercholesterolemic humans.
Authors: G VBedarida, EBushell, W EHaefeli, T FBlaschke, B BHoffman
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDHypercholesterolemia impairs endothelium-dependent dilation in arteries. We tested the hypothesis that hypercholesterolemia impairs endothelium-dependent vasodilation by an interaction between elevated plasma lipoproteins and a presumably normal endothelium using human veins in vivo; veins do not generally develop atherosclerosis and are appropriate for testing functional alterations.METHODS AND RESULTSFull dose-response curves were constructed in 13 hypercholesterolemic and 12 normocholesterolemic subjects by infusing bradykinin (0.25 to 508 ng/min) into hand veins preconstricted with the alpha-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine. The maximal relaxation induced by bradykinin was 80 +/- 38% in the controls and 103 +/- 40% in subjects with hypercholesterolemia (P = .08). Responsiveness to bradykinin was also determined after infusion of indomethacin (5.4 micrograms/min), a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, to block the contribution of prostaglandins; maximal responsiveness was greater in hypercholesterolemi...
Endoscopic OTSC for Esophageal Stent Fixation in The Treatment of Esophagomediastinal Fistula
Authors: S Ventura, A Carvalho, F Pires, E Cancela, A Silva
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Recently, the over-the-scope-clip (OTSC) system has allowed esophageal prostheses to be anchored, preventing their migration. We present the case of a 60-year-old patient with mediastinal neoplasia, submitted to excision of the lesion by postero-lateral thoracotomy. Postoperative period with difficult to wean from invasive mechanical ventilation; investigation showed an esophagomediastinal fistula. Endoscopy was performed, observing a slit orifice with in a contralateral location to the tumor debulking area. A self-expanding metallic esophageal prosthesis was placed and fixed to the proximal top with Stentfix OTSC. The endoscopic and radiological control showed no evidence of complications.
Helical and retrograde secondary flow patterns in the aortic arch studied by three-directional magnetic resonance velocity mapping.
Authors: P JKilner, G ZYang, R HMohiaddin, D NFirmin, D BLongmore
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDHelical and retrograde secondary flows have been recorded in the aorta, but their origins and movements in relation to the arch have not been clarified. We set out to do this using magnetic resonance velocity mapping.METHODS AND RESULTSThree-directional phase contrast cine magnetic resonance velocity mapping was used to map multidirectional flow velocities in the aortas of 10 healthy volunteers. Computer processing was used to visualize flow vector patterns in selected planes. Right-handed helical flows predominated in the upper aortic arch in late systole, being clearly recognizable in 9 of the 10 subjects. Nonaxial components of velocity in this region reached 0.29 m/s (+/- 0.05 m/s) as axial velocities declined from a peak of 1.0 m/s (+/- 0.1 m/s). Helical flow patterns in the upper descending aorta varied between subjects, apparently depending on arch curvature. End-systolic retrograde flow originated from regions of blood with low momentum, usually along inner wall curvatures. Flow studies ...
Dobutamine potentiates amrinone's beneficial effects in moderate but not in advanced heart failure. 31P-MRS in isolated hamster hearts.
Authors: P TBuser, WAuffermann, S TWu, GJasmin, W WParmley, JWikman-Coffelt
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

There is controversy as to whether potent inotropic agents are beneficial or detrimental in moderate to severe heart failure. Accordingly, we studied the effects of amrinone, amrinone plus dobutamine, and dobutamine alone on mechanical performance, myocardial oxygen consumption, and high energy phosphate metabolism in different stages of congestive heart failure in the cardiomyopathic Syrian hamster. In hearts with moderate heart failure, administration of amrinone, amrinone plus dobutamine, and dobutamine alone increased developed pressure significantly, whereas the phosphorylation potential increased significantly only with amrinone and amrinone plus dobutamine. In hearts with advanced heart failure, administration of amrinone and amrinone plus dobutamine increased developed pressure significantly, whereas dobutamine alone had no effect. The phosphorylation potential improved significantly only with amrinone. Thus, amrinone improved mechanical performance and mitochondrial activity in both heart failure...
17P The value of Th2-related thymic stromal lymphopoietin as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: M. Cavic, V. Jokic, M. Marinkovic, N. Stanic, R. Jankovic, D. Radosavljevic, J. Spasic
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2021)