tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Semi-automatic segmentation of skin lesions based on superpixels and hybrid texture information
Authors: Elineide S. dos Santos, Rodrigo de M S Veras, Kelson R T Aires, Helano M B F Portela, Geraldo Braz Junior, Justino D. Santos, João Manuel R.S. Tavares
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2022)

Dermoscopic images are commonly used in the early diagnosis of skin lesions, and several computational systems have been proposed to analyze them. The segmentation of the lesions is a fundamental step in many of these systems. Therefore, a semi-automatic segmentation method is proposed here, which begins by building the superpixels of the image under analysis based on the zero parameter version of the simple linear iterative clustering (SLIC0) algorithm. Then, each superpixel is represented using a descriptor built by combining the grey-level co-occurrence matrix and Tamura texture features. Afterward, the gain ratios of the features are used to select the input for the semi-supervised seeded fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm. Hence, from a few specialist-selected superpixels, this clustering algorithm groups the built superpixels into lesion or background regions. Finally, the segmented image undergoes a post-processing step to eliminate sharp edges. The experiments were performed on 1380 images: 401 images from the PH2 and DermIS datasets, which were used to establish the parameters of the method, and 3,573 images from the ISIC 2016, ISIC 2017 and ISIC 2018 datasets were used for the analysis of the method's performance. The findings suggest that, by manually identifying just a few of the generated superpixels, the method can achieve an average segmentation accuracy of 96.78%, which confirms its superiority to the ones in the literature.
Momelotinib: an emerging treatment for myelofibrosis patients with anemia
Authors: Helen T. Chifotides, Prithviraj Bose, Srdan Verstovsek
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2022)

Abstract The suite of marked anemia benefits that momelotinib has consistently conferred on myelofibrosis (MF) patients stem from its unique inhibitory activity on the BMP6/ACVR1/SMAD and IL-6/JAK/STAT3 pathways, resulting in decreased hepcidin (master iron regulator) expression, higher serum iron and hemoglobin levels, and restored erythropoiesis. Clinical data on momelotinib from the phase 2 and the two phase 3 SIMPLIFY trials consistently demonstrated high rates of sustained transfusion-independence. In a recent phase 2 translational study, 41% of the patients achieved transfusion independence for ≥ 12 weeks. In the phase 3 trials SIMPLIFY-1 and SIMPLIFY-2, 17% more JAK inhibitor-naïve patients and two-fold more JAK inhibitor-treated patients achieved or maintained transfusion independence with momelotinib versus ruxolitinib and best available therapy (89% ruxolitinib), respectively. Anemia is present in approximately a third of MF patients at diagnosis, eventually developing in nearly all patients. The need for red blood cell transfusions is an independent adverse risk factor for both overall survival and leukemic transformation. Presently, FDA-approved medications to address anemia are lacking. Momelotinib is one of the prime candidates to durably address the critical unmet needs of MF patients with moderate/severe anemia. Importantly, momelotinib may have overall survival benefits in frontline and second-line MF patients. MOMENTUM is an international registration-track phase 3 trial further assessing momelotinib’s unique constellation of anemia and other benefits in second-line MF patients; the results of the MOMENTUM trial are keenly awaited and may lead to regulatory approval of momelotinib. Graphical abstract
Electromechanical left ventricular mapping with dobutamine stress for detection of myocardial viability Khaled R. A. Nour, Julian P. J. Halcox, Shmuel Fuchs, Vandana Sachdev, Julio A. Panza, Vasken Dilsizian, Rita Mincemoyer, Ran Kornowski, Arshed A. Quyyumi. Cardiology Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
An automated all-in-one system for carbohydrate tracking, glucose monitoring, and insulin delivery
Authors: Hen-Wei Huang, Siheng Sean You, Luca Di Tizio, Canchen Li, Erin Raftery, Claas Ehmke, Christoph Steiger, Junwei Li, Adam Wentworth, Ian Ballinger, Declan Gwynne, Kewang Nan, Jia Y. Liang, Jason Li, James D. Byrne, Joy Collins, Siddartha Tamang, Keiko Ishida, Florencia Halperin, Giovanni Traverso
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2022)
Children's Health: A Mixed Review
Authors: Kenneth Olden, Janet Guthrie
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

ioril It is our responsibility asparents, scientists, regulators, andphysicians to protect the smallest among usfrom environmental hazards.Children's Health: A Mixed Review Children are our most precious resource, so it is critical that they have the opportunity to develop into healthy and productive citizens.We can be proud of the fact that the health and safety of children is better than at any time in recorded history.Yet, the report card on the well-being of our children is a mixture of success and failure.The infant mortality rate is at a record low, but is still higher than in many countries.Academic achievement is up, but still lags behind many industrialized nations.Of the 60 million children younger than 15 years of age in the United States, more than 47,000 died in 1994 from preventable diseases (1,2).There have been sizable increases in chronic respiratory conditions, with asthma and chronic bronchitis increasing by 79% and 76%, respectively, from 1982 to 1993 (3).Seventeen percent of children in the United States are reported to have a developmental disability (4).The high rates of homicide, suicide, unintentional injury, poverty, violence, alcohol and tobacco use, asthma, autism, and developmental and behavioral disorders suggest that many challenges remain.The environment in which we raise our children is dramatically different from that of a few generations ago.Intensive use of pesticides, dependence on automobiles, a regular regime of vaccinations, new consumer products, highly refined foods and beverages, and a steady diet of television and computer games are but some of the more obvious differences in our children's environment.All of these
Detection of circulating DNA methylated <i>BCAT1</i> and <i>IKZF1</i> in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Authors: Jean M. Winter, Lorraine Sheehan-Hennessy, Susanne Kartin Pedersen, Graeme P. Young, Erin L. Symonds
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

597 Background: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients have poor survival outcomes and there are no non-invasive tests to aid diagnosis or therapy. Detection of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) methylated for BCAT1 and/or IKZF1 is over 60% sensitive for colorectal adenocarcinoma. Both pancreatic and colorectal adenocarcinomas are of endodermal origin, therefore, these methylated biomarkers might also have utility in detecting pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate whether individuals with pancreatic adenocarcinoma have detectable methylated BCAT1 and IKZF1 DNA in circulation. Methods: In this pilot study, pre-treatment blood and clinicopathological findings were collected from 21 patients diagnosed with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. DNA isolated from plasma was bisulfite-converted and assayed for methylated BCAT1, IKZF1 and a non-methylated region in ACTB (for yield estimates). Samples with methylation in either gene was deemed positive. Chi -squared test was used to compare positivity between Stage I/II and Stage III/IV cases. The sum of percent (%) methylation ([average BCAT1]+[average IKZF1])/average ACTB) ± standard error was compared between stages using Kruskal-Wallis rank test. Results: 10/21 (47.6%) patients were positive for methylated BCAT1 and/or IKZF1. There was a trend of increasing positivity with advancing stage (Stage I/II 2/8 (25.0%) vs Stage III/IV 8/13 (61.5%, p=0.104)), and for higher % methylation with more advanced disease (Stage II 0.01%±0.004 vs Stage IV 5.0%±3.7, p=0.06). No other comorbidities or demographics were associated with positivity. Conclusions: Assay for methylated BCAT1 and IKZF1 ctDNA detects approximately two-thirds of late-stage pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Future studies are warranted to assess the clinical utility of these biomarkers for detection and monitoring of pancreatic cancer. Clinical trial information: 12616001138471.
Commentaire de travail de L. Alvarez Herrero et al., pp. 1030
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

See also:Risk of lymph node metastasis associated with deeper invasion by early adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and cardia: study based on endoscopic resection specimensEndoscopy 2010; 42(12): 1030-1036DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1255858
TCT-138 Cardiovascular Outcomes Assessment of MitraClip® Therapy in Heart Failure Patients with Functional Mitral Regurgitation (The COAPT Trial): Baseline Characteristics and Preliminary 2-Year Outcomes of the Roll-In Cohort
Authors: Michael Mack, William Abraham, JoAnn Lindenfeld, Neil Weissman, Steven Marx, Jeff Ellis, Lori Anne Crosson, Yu Shu, Hong Nie, Gregg Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
From Other Pages
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Bulletin Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Predictors of quality of life 6 months and 1 year after acute myocardial infarction Christine Beck, Lawrence Joseph, Mark J. Eisenberg, Thao Huynh, Jean G. Diodati, Normand Racine, Fran�ois Charbonneau, Claude L�vesque, Claude Lauzon, Suzanne Carignan, Danielle Dion, Ren� Roux, Jo�l Pouliot, Louise Pilote. Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, PQ, Canada
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Normal PET myocardial perfusion imaging in women with chest pain predicts a low cardiovascular event rate and favorable long term clinical outcome Andrew Van Tosh, Phyllis G. Supino, Romina P. Smulever, George Sorescu, Maria Pellegrino, Elyse Trastman, Steven F. Horowitz. Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, NY
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology Assessment. Hyperthermia as adjuvant treatment for recurrent breast cancer and primary malignant glioma
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines and overexpression of iNOS in skeletal muscle of patients with chronic heart failure: Effects of regular aerobic endurance training Volker Adams, Axel Linke, Paul C. Schulze, Stephan Gielen, Sven Moebius-Winkler, Gerhard Schuler, Rainer Hambrecht. University Leipzig, Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Masks
Authors: Eric J Warm
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

On Being a Doctor16 November 2010MasksEric J. Warm, MDEric J. Warm, MDFrom University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0557.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-153-10-201011160-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail John Wallace had just completed the first 8 months of his medical internship, and this was his first night of vacation. However, he did not feel joyous or free.He climbed onto a bus and looked down the aisle. All of the window seats had been taken. He searched for the least-offensive person to sit next to. No smokers, no drinkers, no fat people. Before he could choose, the forward motion of the bus sent him reeling. He tripped over the leg of a corpulent woman and settled into the next available seat. He placed his bag between his feet ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0557.Corresponding Author: Eric J. Warm, MD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML 0557, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0557; e-mail, [email protected]uc.edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 16 November 2010Volume 153, Issue 10Page: 684-685KeywordsBloodFatsLiverMouthParkinson diseasePharynxRiversSaltsSleepSurgery ePublished: 16 November 2010 Issue Published: 16 November 2010 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Acute restraint stress redirects prefrontal cortex circuit function through mGlu5 receptor plasticity on somatostatin-expressing interneurons
Authors: Max E Joffe, James Maksymetz, Joseph R Luschinger, Shalini Dogra, Anthony S Ferranti, Deborah J Luessen, Isabel M Gallinger, Zixiu Xiang, Hannah Branthwaite, Patrick R Melugin, Kellie M Williford, Samuel W Centanni, Brenda C Shields, Craig W Lindsley, Erin S Calipari, Cody A Siciliano, Colleen M Niswender, Michael R Tadross, Danny G Winder, P Jeffrey Conn
Journal: Neuron (2022)
Ant-PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in metastatic gastroesophageal cancers (GEC): A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Authors: Kanak Parmar, Sai Subramanyam, Duke Appiah, Sarbajit Mukherjee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

323 Background: CheckMate 649 and KEYNOTE 590 studies established the role of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in the frontline setting for unresectable, advanced, or metastatic GEC. However, many GEC patients do not benefit from ICI. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of ICI in various subgroups of GEC patients. Methods: We searched MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, ESMO, and ASCO Meeting Abstracts for phase II or III randomized clinical trials (RCTs) testing ICI in metastatic/advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction or esophageal cancer. Outcome measures included overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Subgroup analysis was performed for histology (squamous vs. adenocarcinoma), cancer location (gastric, gastroesophageal junction, and esophageal), age (&lt; 65 years vs. &gt; = 65 years), race (Asians vs. non-Asians), and sex (male vs. females). Random-effects meta-analysis was conducted using the R software. Results: Fourteen RCTs were included for the final analysis with total of 9102 patients. RCTs were divided into three groups: 5 RCTs for ICI+ chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy (Group A), 9 RCTs for ICI vs. chemotherapy (Group B), and 2 RCTs for ICI vs. placebo (Group C). OS was improved in Groups A (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.71-0.86) and B (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.73-0.91), but the results were not statistically significant in Group C. PFS was improved in Groups A(HR 0.70 95% CI 0.63-0.78) and C(HR 0.69 95% CI 0.56-0.86) but not statistically significant in Group B. On subgroup analysis for Group A, a statistically significant difference in OS was seen across all subgroups: histology, cancer location, age, and race except gastroesophageal junction cancer (HR 0.83 95% CI 0.66-1.04) and females (HR 0.86 95%CI 0.73-1.01). In Group B, statistically significant differences were only seen in esophageal cancer (HR 0.73 95% CI 0.66-0.81), squamous histology (HR 0.74 95% CI 0.67-0.82), Asian race (HR 0.77 95% CI 0.67-0.88) and men (HR 0.84 95% CI: 0.77-0.92). Conclusions: This study shows evidence for the use of ICI+ chemotherapy in the frontline setting for the management of GEC. While comparing ICI against chemotherapy, esophageal cancer, squamous histology, and the Asian race seemed to benefit more from ICI. Similarly, males, in general, benefited more from ICI than females. We plan to present an updated analysis at the meeting, which will include pending publications of some ongoing clinical trials.
Discussion II
Journal: Gut (2002)

Question: There are a number of methods available for measuring quality of life.Why can we not have one method to analyse quality of life that is used worldwide?Dr Veldhuyzen van Zanten: That would be ideal but unlikely to happen as several different methodologies can be used.In functional dyspepsia, a lot of progress has been made.I am aware that several groups are further refining their outcome measures, and I believe that improvement over the current symptom scores is still possible.The questionnaires are not very lengthy to administer, so we could look at a whole battery of tests and see which one performs best.Compared with five years ago, investigators now have a choice of instruments to use, but there is no consensus at the moment on which ones are the best.Question: Is six or 12 months a sufficient period of observation?Suppose that when you inflame the mucosa, you induce a prolonged neuropathophysiological change.It might then take years for abnormalities to return to normal.Should we not follow up these patients for much longer to assess the final outcome?Professor Bazzoli: Assessing patients for one year is, I believe, an achievement.Until recently, results were assessed usually after only four weeks.The new studies suggest that there is probably a role for inflammation.Most scientists would say that gastritis can heal within a year, but the mechanism is not known, so we can also argue that it will take more time to heal the gastritis than it does to improve the symptoms.We therefore need to identify the pathophysiological mechanisms.Professor Tytgat: I would suggest that we continue to look at the data long term, as it is an important area.Dr Veldhuyzen van Zanten: In my opinion, if you do not see an effect at 12 months then any effect is unlikely to be clinically meaningful.Also, practically, it is very difficult to maintain blinding beyond one year.Question: One week omeprazole triple therapy produced an H pylori eradication rate of 82% in the ORCHID and OCAY studies. 1 2 Should we be giving eradication therapy for 10-14 days in patients with functional dyspepsia in an attempt to achieve at least 90% eradication?Professor Tytgat: I would suggest that in patients with functional dyspepsia, for whom the H pylori eradication rates are definitely somewhat lower than in patients with peptic ulcer disease, we should seriously consider 10 day therapy, if you use a combination of omeprazole, amoxycillin, and clarithromycin, in an attempt to obtain an eradication rate of 90%.Professor Bazzoli: There is no evidence to show that this is achieved however.Question: Should we draw conclusions from a post hoc analysis of dyspepsia subgroups, as was done in the ORCHID and OCAY studies?If the analysis was not included when patients were entered into the study, then is there any validity in this kind of "data dredging"?Dr Veldhuyzen van Zanten: We need to be very cautious, and it would have been better if the analysis had been done a priori.However, there is still room for this type of analysis as it may be that ulcer-like and reflux-like dyspepsia patients do better.
Contents
Authors: J Richter, G Cullaro, S Asrani, C Tsay, D Shung, K Stemmer Frumento, Al Cme, Www Efe, E Ozaslan, T Purnak, Reply Pape, T Gevers, J Drenth, K Oungpasuk, Y Li, I Stettler, Reply Ballou, V Cennamo, S Landi, E Dabizzi, Reply Muthusamy, A Ross
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2020)
Salvador Minuchin: the 'individual in context'
Authors: B. J. Montgomery
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Working in the 1940s in Israeli orphanages and in the 1950s in New York slums, Argentine-born psychiatrist Salvador Minuchin, MD, decided that too often Freudian psychoanalytic methods were not effective. There must be a better approach that could take into account the "systems" in which a person lived and interacted, he thought. And so, some unorthodox ideas began to germinate. Today, at 57, Minuchin probably is the best-known family therapist in the world. Director of the Philadelphia Child Guidance Clinic since 1965, he believes in changing the dysfunctional aspects of a family system instead of treating a person individually. Minuchin's ideas are provocative and in this age of mind-body medicine are of interest to many physicians. Applied in practice, they may offer a rewarding view of a patient's attitude toward sickness and toward optimal physical and psychological functioning. One of his primary credos is: The locus of pathology is the