tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Questions on genetic testing services
Authors: J. Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (1995)

AS SCIENTISTS pinpoint genes that underlie such diseases as cystic fibrosis and breast cancer, commercial and academic laboratories are scrambling to provide genetic testing services aimed at diagnosing gene-related disorders and assessing future disease risk. The problem with this development, according to a new survey, is that some of the laboratories offering genetic testing are bypassing the admittedly vague regulatory controls or other less formal measures that exist to help assure test validity. Some are also failing to make it clear to physicians and patients that many such procedures are still investigational in nature. "These findings raise questions of whether the quality of labs providing genetic tests can currently be assured," said Neil A. Holtzman, MD, MPH, of Johns Hopkins Medical School in Baltimore, Md, who reported the results of the survey in Minneapolis, Minn, at the annual meeting of the American Society of Human Genetics (ASHG). The survey of
Medical Education and State Boards of Registration
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Vascular Emergencies
Authors: Bruce J. Brener
Journal: JAMA (1982)

We have come to expect an article, text, or lecture prepared by Dr Henry Haimovici to be lucid, well organized, and scholarly. His most recent textbook,<i>Vascular Emergencies</i>, fulfills these expectations. It is not a comprehensive treatise on all vascular problems—arterial, venous, and lymphatic. Rather, it focuses on "life and limb threatening conditions requiring immediate attention and prompt action." The intended audience includes experienced surgeons as well as internists and emergency room physicians. Therefore, the reader should not expect a dissertation on chronic venous ulcers or lymphedema or the natural history of intermittent claudication. However, if one is looking for information on the management of a patient with a femoral embolus and myoglobulinuria, with a ruptured aneurysm and acute renal failure, or with an occluded aorto-femoral graft—this is the place to start. The book is divided into five sections. The first is called "Basic Considerations." It reviews noninvasive diagnosis, angiography,
Erratum
Journal: BMJ (1895)

Da BRIT 619 stronger.Of course this by no means excludes that certain drugs may strengthen the organism, and thus act on the disease.A curious epidemic has broken out in one of the southern districts of Berlin, the Friedrichstadt and Hallesche Vorstadt.The symptoms are vesicles in the mouth and on the tongue, whichafter a time burst, occasioning great pain.Onlyliquid food can be taken; the illness generally lasts four to five days, and leaves great weakness behind, but is not otherwise of a serious nature.It is said that Virchow sees in the epidemic a modified foot-and-mouth disease, and that he thinks the milk supply responsible for the infection.Disinfecting gargles and rinsings with camomile tea relieve the symptoms.
Self-expandable metal stents versus endoscopic balloon dilation for the treatment of strictures in Crohn's disease (ProtDilat study): an open-label, multicentre, randomised trial
Authors: Carme Loras, Xavier Andújar, Joan B Gornals, Vicente Sanchiz, Enric Brullet, Beatriz Sicilia, Maria Dolores Martín-Arranz, Antonio Naranjo, Jesús Barrio, Carmen Dueñas, José Ramón Foruny, David Busquets, David Monfort, Juan Ramón Pineda, Ferran González-Huix, Francisco Pérez-Roldán, Vicente Pons, Begoña González, José Reyes Moreno, Empar Sainz, Jordi Guardiola, Marta Maia Bosca-Watts, Fernando Fernández-Bañares, Vicenç Mayor, Maria Esteve
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2022)
Olfactomedin 2 deficiency protects against diet-induced obesity
Authors: Ismael González-García, Óscar Freire-Agulleiro, Naoki Nakaya, Francisco J. Ortega, Pablo Garrido-Gil, Laura Liñares-Pose, Johan Fernø, José Luis Labandeira-Garcia, Carlos Diéguez, Afia Sultana, Stanislav I. Tomarev, José Manuel Fernández-Real, Miguel López
Journal: Metabolism (2022)
Error in Methods and Table 2
Authors: Herbert Rakatansky
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2021)

Jonah J. Stulberg, MD, PhD, MPH; Reiping Huang, PhD; Lindsey Kreutzer, MPH; Kristen Ban, MD; Bradley J. Champagne, MD; Scott R. Steele, MD; Julie K. Johnson, PhD; Jane L. Holl, MD, MPH; Caprice C. Greenberg, MD, MPH; Karl Y. Bilimoria, MD, MS
COVID-19 casts light on respiratory health inequalities
Authors: None The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2020)

COVID-19 has disproportionately affected people from disadvantaged populations and marginalised communities. People living in social deprivation, Black, Asian, and minority ethnic (BAME) groups, older people, and those with pre-existing health conditions, for example, have increased vulnerability to COVID-19 and its consequences. These imbalances will magnify the already pervasive inequalities associated with respiratory health across the lifespan, and the full effects might be apparent only in the decades to come.
Pheochromocytomatosis Treated With Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy
Authors: Martin S. Auerbach, Masha J. Livhits, Run Yu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2022)

Abstract Pheochromocytomatosis refers to pheochromocytoma tumorlets developed as a result of seeding of tumor cells around the surgical bed due to intraoperative tumor capsule rupture and tumor cell spillage. As pheochromocytomatosis is relatively rare, optimal management is not clear. We describe a 42-year-old man with progressive pheochromocytomatosis despite surgical debulking. He did not have a family history of pheochromocytoma or harbor mutations in pheochromocytoma-predisposing genes. The pheochromocytomatosis tumorlets exhibited uptake on DOTATATE PET. He underwent PRRT (peptide receptor radionuclide therapy), which stabilized the pheochromocytomatosis progression. This case highlights the rare phenomenon of pheochromocytomatosis and the utility of PRRT in treating it.
Abstract 17188: Cryoem Analysis in Cardiac Isolated Mitochondria Reveals New Insights for CsA and mPTP Activation
Authors: Jasiel O Strubbe, Jason Schrad, James F Conway, Kristin N Parent, Jason N Bazil
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Excessive Ca 2+ accumulation is the main source of cardiac tissue and cell death during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IR injury) and myocardial infarction. Calcium dysregulation and overload leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, catastrophic energy failure, and opening of the cyclosporine A-sensitive mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). Mitochondrial Ca 2+ accumulation also results in the formation of amorphous Ca 2+ -phosphate granules localized in the mitochondrial matrix. These amorphous electron-dense granules are main components of the mitochondrial Ca 2+ sequestration and buffering system by mechanisms not yet well understood. The two aims of the present study are to test the relationship of Ca 2+ -phosphate granule size and number in cardiac mitochondria 1) exposed to a bolus calcium sufficient to elicit permeabilization and 2) whether CsA-treated mitochondria alters granule formation and size. A time course series of CryoEM images was analyzed to follow the permeabilization process. CryoEM results showed that mitochondrial incubated for longer time-courses have increased number of small granules (40 - 110 nm), swelling, membrane rupture and induction of mPTP opening. Conversely, shorter incubation time resulted in less granules per mitochondrion yet of similar size (35 - 90 nm). CsA- treated mitochondria, on the other hand, showed bigger phosphate granules (120 - 160 nm), and both lower granules per mitochondria and mPTP opening susceptibility. These results suggest a novel mechanism for CsA in which Ca 2+ -phosphate granule sizes are enhanced while maintaining fewer per mitochondrion. This effect may explain why CsA-treated mitochondria have higher calcium tolerance, delayed Ca 2+ -dependent opening of the mPTP, and protects against reperfusion-induced myocardial necrosis.
Canadian Medical Association Journal, Toronto
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The scaffolding protein DLG5 promotes glioblastoma growth by controlling Sonic Hedgehog signaling in tumor stem cells
Authors: Somanath Kundu, Mohan S Nandhu, Sharon L Longo, John A Longo, Shawn Rai, Lawrence S Chin, Timothy E Richardson, Mariano S Viapiano
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2022)

Abstract Background Tumor invasion, a hallmark of malignant gliomas, involves reorganization of cell polarity and changes in the expression and distribution of scaffolding proteins associated with polarity complexes. The scaffolding proteins of the DLG family are usually downregulated in invasive tumors and regarded as tumor suppressors. Despite their important role in regulating neurodevelopmental signaling, the expression and functions of DLG proteins have remained almost entirely unexplored in malignant gliomas. Methods Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and analysis of gene expression were used to quantify DLG members in glioma specimens and cancer datasets. Over-expression and knockdown of DLG5, the highest-expressed DLG member in glioblastoma, were used to investigate its effects on tumor stem cells and tumor growth. qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and co-precipitation assays were used to investigate DLG5 signaling mechanisms. Results DLG5 was upregulated in malignant gliomas compared to other solid tumors, being the predominant DLG member in all glioblastoma molecular subtypes. DLG5 promoted glioblastoma stem cell invasion, viability, and self-renewal. Knockdown of this protein in vivo disrupted tumor formation and extended survival. At the molecular level, DLG5 regulated Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling, making DLG5-deficient cells insensitive to Shh ligand. Loss of DLG5 increased the proteasomal degradation of Gli1, underlying the loss of Shh signaling and tumor stem cell sensitization. Conclusions The high expression and pro-tumoral functions of DLG5 in glioblastoma, including its dominant regulation of Shh signaling in tumor stem cells, reveal a novel role for this protein that is strikingly different from its proposed tumor-suppressor role in other solid tumors.
Abstract 17044: Gender Discrepancies in Management and Outcome of Hospitalized Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Idris Bare, Rizwan Malik, Yangzhao Cheng, Prosanta Mondal, Jason Orvold, Jawed Akhtar, Colin Pearce, Haissam Haddad, Alexander Zhai
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: The incidence of heart failure (HF), particularly in women, is increasing rapidly. While earlier reports indicated that HF mortality was higher in men compared to women, recent studies have suggested higher HF mortality in women. The cause of this changing pattern is not well described. The purpose of this study was to explore different clinical factors and management patterns that could contribute to this. Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review study of all the patients admitted to a tertiary academic hospital (Royal University Hospital, University of Saskatchewan, Canada) with a diagnosis of HF in 2015, with follow up analysis up to February 20, 2018. Results: In total, 379 patients were admitted with HF, of which 166 (43.8%) were women. Overall, the most important predictors of mortality on multivariate analysis include admission to non-cardiology services (NCS, p &lt; 0.0001), age on admission (p&lt;0.001), readmission (p=0.001), and haemoglobin on admission (P=0.004). Review of baseline characteristics showed that women with HF were older (p&lt;0.001), and more likely to have HFpEF (26.3% vs. 46.4%, p&lt;0.001) than men. However, women were less likely to have comorbidities including COPD, CKD, PVD, HTN, diabetes and dyslipidemia (p&lt;0.001). In spite of this, there was a trend towards higher mortality among women over the follow up period (57.8% vs. 47.9%, p=0.055). Women were significantly less likely to be admitted to cardiology (62% vs. 71.4%, p=0.0084), and less likely to have follow up scheduled on discharge with either an internist or cardiologist (70.4% vs. 53.6%, p&lt;0.001). Similar gender discrepancy in admission to cardiology was also observed among the subgroup of patients with HFrEF. Conclusions: In our study, women admitted with heart failure had worse overall prognosis than men, in spite of less associated comorbidities. Admission to cardiology service was the most significant positive prognostic factor overall. However, surprisingly, women were significantly less likely to be admitted to cardiology, possibly contributing to their observed poor outcome. Further studies to elucidate factors underlying this observed difference in admission pattern may help improve the management of women with HF.
Hypertension awareness, treatment, and control and their association with healthcare access in the middle-aged and older Indian population: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Jinkook Lee, Jenny Wilkens, Erik Meijer, T. V. Sekher, David E. Bloom, Peifeng Hu
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2022)

Background Hypertension is the most important cardiovascular risk factor in India, and representative studies of middle-aged and older Indian adults have been lacking. Our objectives were to estimate the proportions of hypertensive adults who had been diagnosed, took antihypertensive medication, and achieved control in the middle-aged and older Indian population and to investigate the association between access to healthcare and hypertension management. Methods and findings We designed a nationally representative cohort study of the middle-aged and older Indian population, the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI), and analyzed data from the 2017–2019 baseline wave ( N = 72,262) and the 2010 pilot wave ( N = 1,683). Hypertension was defined as self-reported physician diagnosis or elevated blood pressure (BP) on measurement, defined as systolic BP ≥ 140 mm Hg or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mm Hg. Among hypertensive individuals, awareness, treatment, and control were defined based on self-reports of having been diagnosed, taking antihypertensive medication, and not having elevated BP, respectively. The estimated prevalence of hypertension for the Indian population aged 45 years and older was 45.9% (95% CI 45.4%–46.5%). Among hypertensive individuals, 55.7% (95% CI 54.9%–56.5%) had been diagnosed, 38.9% (95% CI 38.1%–39.6%) took antihypertensive medication, and 31.7% (95% CI 31.0%–32.4%) achieved BP control. In multivariable logistic regression models, access to public healthcare was a key predictor of hypertension treatment (odds ratio [OR] = 1.35, 95% CI 1.14–1.60, p = 0.001), especially in the most economically disadvantaged group (OR of the interaction for middle economic status = 0.76, 95% CI 0.61–0.94, p = 0.013; OR of the interaction for high economic status = 0.84, 95% CI 0.68–1.05, p = 0.124). Having health insurance was not associated with improved hypertension awareness among those with low economic status (OR = 0.96, 95% CI 0.86–1.07, p = 0.437) and those with middle economic status (OR of the interaction = 1.15, 95% CI 1.00–1.33, p = 0.051), but it was among those with high economic status (OR of the interaction = 1.28, 95% CI 1.10–1.48, p = 0.001). Comparing hypertension awareness, treatment, and control rates in the 4 pilot states, we found statistically significant ( p &lt; 0.001) improvement in hypertension management from 2010 to 2017–2019. The limitations of this study include the pilot sample being relatively small and that it recruited from only 4 states. Conclusions Although considerable variations in hypertension diagnosis, treatment, and control exist across different sociodemographic groups and geographic areas, reducing uncontrolled hypertension remains a public health priority in India. Access to healthcare is closely tied to both hypertension diagnosis and treatment.
The Authors Reply:
Authors: Marianna Fontana, Ana Martinez-Naharro, Liza Chacko, Dorota Rowczenio, Janet A. Gilbertson, Carol J. Whelan, Svetla Strehina, Thirusha Lane, James C. Moon, David F. Hutt, Peter Kellman, Aviva Petrie, Philip N. Hawkins, Julian D. Gillmore
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2021)
New life for an old therapy: ELTD1 as a downstream target of angiogenesis
Authors: Deanna Marie Tiek, Shi-Yuan Cheng
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2021)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is frequently diagnosed—and the most malignant—brain tumor in adults. The current standard of care for GBM is maximal surgical resection followed by radiation and temozolomide.1 However, drug resistance is rapid and tumor recurrence is inevitable. Other therapeutic avenues are being actively studied as even with our advancements in tumor sequencing and genetic profiling, the median overall survival of patients diagnosed with GBM remains at ~14-16 months.2 One avenue that has attracted attention for therapeutic potential is to improve the efficacy of targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway, where currently a monoclonal antibody against VEGF—Bevacizumab—is FDA approved for GBM patients.3 As tumors grow more rapidly than their surrounding normal tissue, they need to form new blood vessels to obtain the nutrients they need from the body to grow.4 However, it is commonly observed that these quickly created blood vessels are leaky and improperly formed, which can prevent proper drug profusion.4 Nevertheless, while Bevacizumab is FDA approved, GBM in most of the patients progressed after their initial response to VEGF therapy,5 and VEGF is needed for normal angiogenesis and vessel homeostasis.4 Therefore, more research is needed to find tumor-specific, non-homeostatic, angiogenesis interventions.
Contrast Pattern Mining With the T1D Exchange Clinic Registry Reveals Complex Phenotypic Factors and Comorbidity Patterns Associated With Familial Versus Sporadic Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Erin M. Tallon, Maria J. Redondo, Chi-Ren Shyu, Danlu Liu, Katrina Boles, Mark A. Clements
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)
Treatment with Romiplostim, a Thrombopoietin-Receptor Agonist, in Thrombocytopenic Patients (Pts) with Low or Intermediate-1 (Int-1) Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS): Updated Follow-up Results for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) and Survival from a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo (PBO)-Controlled Study
Authors: Hagop M. Kantarjian, Ghulam Mufti, Pierre Fenaux, Mikkael Sekeres, Jeffrey Szer, Uwe Platzbecker, Andrea Kuendgen, Gianluca Gaidano, Wieslaw Wiktor-Jedrzejczak, Amelia Orejudos, Angela Lopez, Aristoteles Giagounidis
Journal: Blood (2014)
Protein synthesis, degradation, and energy metabolism in T cell immunity
Authors: Julia M. Marchingo, Doreen A. Cantrell
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2022)

T cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation into effector and memory states involve massive remodeling of T cell size and molecular content and create a massive increase in demand for energy and amino acids. Protein synthesis is an energy- and resource-demanding process; as such, changes in T cell energy production are intrinsically linked to proteome remodeling. In this review, we discuss how protein synthesis and degradation change over the course of a T cell immune response and the crosstalk between these processes and T cell energy metabolism. We highlight how the use of high-resolution mass spectrometry to analyze T cell proteomes can improve our understanding of how these processes are regulated.
Death rates from heart attacks continue to be high outside hospital
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Women who smoke have a greater risk of myocardial infarction than men who smoke Studies of smoking and cardiovascular disease may have underestimated the risk in women because until recently women's smoking habits have differed greatly from men's.During the past few decades, however, women have taken up smoking like men.Using data from three large prospective studies in Copenhagen that included many women who were heavy smokers, Prescott et al (p 1043) found that the smoking related risk of myocardial infarction was 50% higher in women than in men.This difference may be caused by interactions between components of tobacco smoke and hormonal factors.
Plasma level of homocysteine is inversely associated with the development of collateral circulation Yoshitaka Nagai, Hiromi Tasaki, Ryouji Kouzuma, Masato Tsutsui, Masahiro Okazaki, Yasuhide Nakashima. Univ. Occup. Environ. Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)