tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
No change indicated in traffic fatality rate
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1987)

THE NATION'S traffic fatality rate remains slightly less than 2.5/100 million miles driven. At least, that is the indication from preliminary calculations (for 1986) of a Department of Transportation agency. The department's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration says that, at this point, data suggest the 1986 rate "has remained about the same" as the 2.47/100 million miles recorded in the United States during 1985. There appear to have been about 2200 more deaths in 1986—an approximate 5% increase over the 43 795 recorded in 1985—but the agency says the number of miles driven rose in proportion, so that the fatality rate is unlikely to change. Some other industrialized nations report similar increases in actual number of traffic fatalities for 1986, the agency says, citing France (4.9%), West Germany (6.5%), Britain (4.5%), and Sweden (4.5%). Nonetheless, it says, 2.47/100 million vehicle miles in the United States "is the lowest fatality rate
The Cure for Dipsomania?
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>C</i><i>FTR</i>variants are associated with chronic bronchitis in smokers
Authors: Aabida Saferali, Dandi Qiao, Wonji Kim, Karen Raraigh, Hara Levy, Alejandro A. Diaz, Garry R. Cutting, Michael H. Cho, Craig P. Hersh
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2022)

Introduction Loss-of-function variants in both copies of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator ( CFTR ) gene cause cystic fibrosis (CF); however, there is evidence that reduction in CFTR function due to the presence of one deleterious variant can have clinical consequences. Here, we hypothesise that CFTR variants in individuals with a history of smoking are associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and related phenotypes. Methods Whole-genome sequencing was performed through the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute TOPMed (TransOmics in Precision Medicine) programme in 8597 subjects from the COPDGene (Genetic Epidemiology of COPD) study, an observational study of current and former smokers. We extracted clinically annotated CFTR variants and performed single-variant and variant-set testing for COPD and related phenotypes. Replication was performed in 2118 subjects from the ECLIPSE (Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints) study. Results We identified 301 coding variants within the CFTR gene boundary: 147 of these have been reported in individuals with CF, including 36 CF-causing variants. We found that CF-causing variants were associated with chronic bronchitis in variant-set testing in COPDGene (one-sided p=0.0025; OR 1.53) and in meta-analysis of COPDGene and ECLIPSE (one-sided p=0.0060; OR 1.52). Single-variant testing revealed that the F508del variant was associated with chronic bronchitis in COPDGene (one-sided p=0.015; OR 1.47). In addition, we identified 32 subjects with two or more CFTR variants on separate alleles and these subjects were enriched for COPD cases (p=0.010). Conclusions Cigarette smokers who carry one deleterious CFTR variant have higher rates of chronic bronchitis, while presence of two CFTR variants may be associated with COPD. These results indicate that genetically mediated reduction in CFTR function contributes to COPD related phenotypes, in particular chronic bronchitis.
Hospital costs for acute coronary syndromes in the TACTICS-TIMI18 trial Elizabeth M. Mahoney, Claudine T. Jurkovitz, Haitao Chu, Karen M. Parker, Steven Culler, Laura A. Demopoulos, Paul DeLucca, Debbie H. Robertson, Peter DiBattiste, Christopher Cannon, William S. Weintraub. Emory University, Atlanta, GA
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Toward Replacing Late Gadolinium Enhancement With Artificial Intelligence Virtual Native Enhancement for Gadolinium-Free Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Tissue Characterization in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Qiang Zhang, Matthew K. Burrage, Elena Lukaschuk, Mayooran Shanmuganathan, Iulia A. Popescu, Chrysovalantou Nikolaidou, Rebecca Mills, Konrad Werys, Evan Hann, Ahmet Barutcu, Suleyman D. Polat, Michael Salerno, Michael Jerosch-Herold, Raymond Y. Kwong, Hugh C. Watkins, Christopher M. Kramer, Stefan Neubauer, Vanessa M. Ferreira, Stefan K. Piechnik
Journal: Circulation (2021)

Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is the gold standard for noninvasive myocardial tissue characterization but requires intravenous contrast agent administration. It is highly desired to develop a contrast agent-free technology to replace LGE for faster and cheaper CMR scans.
Editorial Note
Authors: J. Foudraine, A. Maeder, Benjamin B. Wolman, J.H. Schultz, N.N. Dracoulides, Harold Kenneth Fink, Pierre-B. Schneider, R. Cheli, F. Giberti, M. Dodero, R. Laforgue, Joost A.M. Meerloo
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1961)
Erythroferrone Inhibits the Induction of Hepcidin By BMP6
Authors: Joao Arezes, Niall Foy, Kirsty McHugh, Anagha Sawant, Susan Benard, Doris Quinkert, Virginie Terraube, Alette Brinth, May Tam, Edward LaVallie, Stephen Taylor, Andrew E Armitage, Sant-Rayn Pasricha, Orla Cunningham, Matthew Lambert, Simon J Draper, Reema Jasuja, Alexander Drakesmith
Journal: Blood (2018)
The 'Battered Adult'—What To Do
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Some Recent Events of Special Interest to Medical Education
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Outcomes and Predictors of 28-Day Mortality in Patients With Hematologic Malignancies and Septic Shock Defined by Sepsis-3 Criteria
Authors: Nirmala K. Manjappachar, John A. Cuenca, Claudia M. Ramírez, Mike Hernandez, Peyton Martin, Maria P. Reyes, Alba J. Heatter, Cristina Gutierrez, Nisha Rathi, Charles L. Sprung, Kristen J. Price, Joseph L. Nates
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2022)

To describe short-term outcomes and independent predictors of 28-dayx mortality in adult patients with hematologic malignancies and septic shock defined by the new Third International Consensus Definitions (Sepsis-3) criteria.We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients admitted to the medical ICU with septic shock from April 2016 to March 2019. Demographic and clinical features and short-term outcomes were collected. We used descriptive statistics to summarize patient characteristics, logistic regression to identify predictors of 28-day mortality, and Kaplan-Meier plots to assess survival.Among the 459 hematologic patients with septic shock admitted to the ICU, 109 (23.7%) had received hematopoietic stem cell transplant. The median age was 63 years (range, 18-89 years), and 179 (39%) were women. Nonsurvivors had a higher Charlson comorbidity index (P=.007), longer length of stay before ICU admission (P=.01), and greater illness severity at diagnosis and throughout the hospital course (P<.001). The mortality rate at 28 days was 67.8% and increased with increasing sequential organ failure assessment score on admission (odds ratio [OR], 1.11; 95% CI, 1.03-1.20), respiratory failure (OR, 3.12; 95% CI, 1.49-6.51), and maximum lactate level (OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.10-1.22). Aminoglycosides administration (OR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.26-0.69), serum albumin (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.31-0.86), and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) (OR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.24-0.65) were associated with lower 28-day mortality. Life support limitations were present in 81.6% of patients at death. At 90 days, 19.4% of the patients were alive.Despite efforts to enhance survival, septic shock in patients with hematologic malignancies is still associated with high mortality rates and poor 90-day survival. These results demonstrate the need for an urgent call to action with higher awareness, including the further evaluation of interventions such as earlier ICU admission, aminoglycosides administration, and G-CSF treatment.
Indirect treatment comparison of futibatinib with chemotherapy and pemigatinib in cholangiocarcinoma with <i>FGFR2 </i>fusions/rearrangements.
Authors: Mitesh J. Borad, Abigail Paine, Volker Wacheck, Yaohua He, Reza Kazerooni, Tehseen Salimi, John A. Bridgewater
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

440 Background: Futibatinib, an irreversible FGFR1–4 inhibitor, is being investigated for the treatment of advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCC) with FGFR2 fusions/rearrangements. We conducted an indirect treatment comparison to evaluate efficacy outcomes with futibatinib for advanced iCC patients from the FOENIX-CCA2 trial (NCT02052778) relative to published data for chemotherapy and FGFR inhibitors. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted to identify clinical trials for FGFR inhibitors published 01/2015-02/2021, with additional targeted searches for chemotherapy data. A simulated treatment comparison was conducted using individual-level patient data from FOENIX-CCA2 and published aggregate data from comparator trials, applying regression models to adjust for between-trial differences in baseline characteristics. Population-adjusted Cox regression models were used for base case time-to-event outcomes (progression-free survival [PFS], overall survival [OS], duration of response [DOR]) and binomial-logistic regressions for binary outcomes (objective response rate [ORR]). Results: Two studies of FGFR inhibitors among previously treated patients with FGFR2 fusions/rearrangements were identified with sufficient data for analysis: FOENIX-CCA2 (n=103) and FIGHT-202 (n=107, pemigatinib). Two studies were identified for chemotherapy in this setting (an analysis of prior systemic therapy in the FIGHT-202 cohort [n=53] and a natural history study using a clinicogenomic database [n=71]). Comparisons of futibatinib with chemotherapy showed significantly lower risk of progression or death with futibatinib (table). Comparisons of futibatinib with pemigatinib showed similar outcomes between treatments (table), however, there was a numerical advantage for futibatinib in all efficacy parameters. Conclusions: Data suggest that futibatinib provides longer survival vs chemotherapy among previously treated advanced iCC patients with FGFR2 fusions/rearrangements. No statistically significant differences were observed in efficacy outcomes between futibatinib and pemigatinib, although numerical trends favored futibatinib. Molecular detail such as improved activity against co-mutated tumours and resistance mutations may explain such trends. [Table: see text]
THE REDUCTION OF BODY WEIGHT IN WAR TIME
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Echocardiographic Reporting of Proximal Coronary Artery Origins in Young Competitive Athletes
Authors: Bradley J. Petek, Nathaniel Moulson, Jonathan A. Drezner, Kimberly G. Harmon, Christian F. Klein, Stephanie A. Kliethermes, Timothy W. Churchill, Manesh R. Patel, Aaron L. Baggish
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2022)
Applying a Subpopulation Lens to Population Health
Authors: Elena Fuentes-Afflick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

Interview with Dr. Elena Fuentes-Afflick on how focusing on the health and needs of subpopulations can advance population health. (06:13)Download Populations are composed of myriad subpopulations, each with its own health profile. A key subpopulation that must be considered in efforts to enhance population health is children, a group whose characteristics pose distinct opportunities and challenges.
Periodic Breast Cancer Screening With Single Oblique-View Mammography: Reply
Authors: Bengt Lundgren, M.D., Anders Helleberg, M.D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

Periodic Breast Cancer Screening With Single Oblique-View Mammography: Reply Bengt Lundgren, M.D., Bengt Lundgren, M.D. Mammography Department Gavle HospitalS-801 17 Gavle, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Anders Helleberg, M.D. Anders Helleberg, M.D. Mammography Department Gavle HospitalS-801 17 Gavle, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 70, Issue 1, January 1983, Page 1, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/70.1.1-a Published: 01 January 1983
Abstract 59: Inflammasome Activation Promotes the Arrhythmogenesis of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Na Li, Larry Scott, Tina Veleva, Dobromir Dobrev, Xander Wehrens
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

Background: Inflammation is a known risk factor of atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common arrhythmia; however, the mechanistic link between the inflammatory signaling and the pathophysiology of AF has not been established. ‘NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3’ (NLRP3) inflammasome is a signaling platform that is responsible for the activation of caspase-1 and interleukin (IL)-1b release. The activity of NLRP3 inflammasome is enhanced in atrial tissues of paroxysmal or long-lasting persistent AF patients. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that activation of NLRP3 inflammasome promotes the development of AF. Results: To elucidate the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in cardiomyocytes (CMs) and AF development, a CM-specific knockin murine model expressing a constitutive active NLRP3 (aMHC:NLRP3 A350V/+ , CKI) was developed. At 3-month old, telemetry recordings showed that 100% of CKΙ mice (n=5) developed premature atrial contractions (PACs), whereas only 25% of control mice (n=4, P&lt;0.05) had PACs. Rapid atrial pacing induced AF in 89% of CKI mice (n=9), a much higher incidence than control mice (20%, n=5, P&lt;0.05). Level of the active caspase-1 was increased in atrial tissues of 3-month old CKI mice, prior to a detectable increase in the level of macrophage marker at 7-month old, suggesting that the onset of PACs and AF vulnerability is not associated with the activated macrophages. Compared to the control mice, 3-month old CKI mice exhibited atrial hypertrophy, abnormal Ca 2+ release via RyR2, and shortening of atrial effective refractory period, which were associated with the upregulation of Mef2c , Ryr2 , Kcna5 (encoding Kv1.5), Kcnj 3 (encoding Kir3.1) and Kcnj5 (encoding Kir3.4) mRNA. Lastly, inflammasome inhibitor MCC950 (i.p., 10mg/kg, 10 days) reduced the AF inducibility in CKI mice (0%, n=3, P&lt;0.05 vs vehicle-treated CKI). Conclusion: Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome promotes structural and electrical remodeling, permissive to the AF development. In addition to its canonical function, NLRP3 inflammasome may exhibit alternative function in regulating gene transcription. Our study establishes a mechanistic link between the inflammatory signaling and the pathogenesis of AF, and the inhibition of NLRP3 may become a novel anti-AF therapy.
Challenges of Organoid Research
Authors: Madeline G. Andrews, Arnold R. Kriegstein
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (2022)

Organoids are 3D cell culture systems derived from human pluripotent stem cells that contain tissue resident cell types and reflect features of early tissue organization. Neural organoids are a particularly innovative scientific advance given the lack of accessibility of developing human brain tissue and intractability of neurological diseases. Neural organoids have become an invaluable approach to model features of human brain development that are not well reflected in animal models. Organoids also hold promise for the study of atypical cellular, molecular, and genetic features that underscore neurological diseases. Additionally, organoids may provide a platform for testing therapeutics in human cells and are a potential source for cell replacement approaches to brain injury or disease. Despite the promising features of organoids, their broad utility is tempered by a variety of limitations yet to be overcome, including lack of high-fidelity cell types, limited maturation, atypical physiology, and lack of arealization, features that may limit their reliability for certain applications.
Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

OF DIABETES MELLITUS -Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both.The chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes is associated with long-term damage, dysfunction, and failure of various organs, especially the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels.Several pathogenic processes are involved in the development of diabetes.These range from autoimmune destruction of the ␤-cells of the pancreas with consequent insulin deficiency to abnormalities that result in resistance to insulin action.The basis of the abnormalities in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism in diabetes is deficient action of insulin on target tissues.Deficient insulin action results from inadequate insulin secretion and/or diminished tissue responses to insulin at one or more points in the complex pathways of hormone action.Impairment of insulin secretion and defects in insulin action frequently coexist in the same patient, and it is often unclear which abnormality, if either alone, is the primary cause of the hyperglycemia.Symptoms of marked hyperglycemia include polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss, sometimes with polyphagia, and blurred vision.Impairment of growth and susceptibility to certain infections may also accompany chronic hyperglycemia.Acute, life-threatening consequences of uncontrolled diabetes are hyperglycemia with ketoacidosis or the nonketotic hyperosmolar syndrome.Long-term complications of diabetes include retinopathy with potential loss ofThe information that follows is based largely on the reports of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and
TCT-63 Safety and Clinical Performance of the Drug Eluting Absorbable Metal Scaffold in the Treatment of Subjects with de Novo Lesions in Native Coronary Arteries at 24-month follow-up - BIOSOLVE-II and BIOSOLVE-III
Authors: Michael Haude, Hüseyin Ince, Stephan Kische, Alexandre Abizaid, Ralph Toelg, Pedro A. Lemos, Nicolas Van Mieghem, Stefan Verheye, Clemens von Birgelen, Evald Christiansen, Emanuele Barbato, Franz-Josef Neumann, Bernhard Witzenbichler, Christoph Kaiser, Eric Eeckhout, Javier Escaned, Hector Garcia-Garcia, Ron Waksman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Twentieth Annual Meeting of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

Twentieth Annual Meeting of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 71, Issue 6, December 1983, Page 1347, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/71.6.1347-c Published: 01 December 1983