tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association of circulating nucleosomes levels with FIT performance for advanced adenomas in a symptomatic population.
Authors: Li-Chun Chang, Marielle Herzog, Nathalie Hardat, Dorian Pamart, Han Mo Chiu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

170 Background: The effectiveness of screening using either fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) or colonoscopy in reducing colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality has been demonstrated in previous studies. Nevertheless, the single test sensitivity of FIT for relevant precursor lesions, especially high-risk neoplasms like invasive cancer or advanced adenomas (AA), is a concern. Improving the sensitivity for high-risk neoplasm is critical to improving the effectiveness of screening in reducing CRC incidence and mortality. Dysregulation of histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) has been linked with several cancers including CRC. We investigated the clinical performance of circulating nucleosome levels containing specific histone PTMs in blood, in combination with FIT from symptomatic subjects referred to colonoscopy to evaluate their discriminant power towards CRC and AA. Methods: 10mls whole blood was obtained prior to colonoscopy from 476 patients referred to colonoscopy in National Taiwan University Hospital for surveillance or secondary to bowel symptoms. Patients were classified into 5 groups based on their colonoscopy reports: (i) patient with CRC (n = 67), (ii) patients with AA (n = 60, including 22 with AA≥2cm); (iii) patients with non-AA (n = 123); (iv) patients with non-neoplastic polyps (n = 29); (vi) healthy controls with no endoscopic lesion (n = 197). Plasma samples were analyzed for nucleosome levels using 7 different quantitative immunoassays (Nu.Q assays; Belgian Volition SRL, Belgium) targeting H3.1-nucleosomes or different histone modifications (H3K27Me3-, H3K36Me3-, H3K9Me3-, H3K14Ac-, H3K27Ac- or H3R8Cit-nucleosomes). All study subjects were asked to collect a stool sample at home within 48-hours before the colonoscopy. The fecal samples were assayed with the OC-SENSOR FIT kit (Eiken Chemical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) for all subjects. Results: At a cut-off of 20µg/g feces, the FIT test showed a sensitivity of 83.5% at 82.1% specificity for CRC +AA vs. Controls. All the CRC patients were detected but 35% of AA were missed, and 7 of which were high-risk adenomas (AA≥2cm). A combination of 2 Nu.Q biomarkers: H3K36Me3 and H3K9Me3 with FIT in a decision tree model showed an improved sensitivity of 98.4% allowing the detection of all CRC patients and 97% of the patients with AA including all high-risk adenomas. The 2 missed AA were one AA below 1cm and one between 1 and 2cm. Unnecessary colonoscopies could be reduced by 28.9% of the control and 20.7% of the non-neoplastic polyps subgroups as both are found negative with this panel of assays. Conclusions: At present, all the symptomatic patients are sent to colonoscopy in clinical practice. Our results indicate that H3K36Me3- and H3K9Me3-nucleosome levels, in combination with FIT in a decision tree model, could detect all CRC patients and all high-risk adenomas and help reduce unnecessary colonoscopies.
Brief Note
Journal: JAMA (1991)

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Abstract P087: Youth Tobacco Users Perceive Less E-Cig Harm
Authors: Delvon T Mattingly, Lindsay K Tompkins, Clara G Sears, Kandi L Walker, Joy L Hart
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: In Appalachia, youth tobacco use rates exceed the national average, and youth in these rural areas are increasingly aware of new and emerging tobacco products, such as e-cigarettes. Given that e-cigarettes are a commonly used tobacco product by youth, additional inquiry is needed to better understand both youth product perceptions and use patterns, especially in communities with entrenched acceptance of tobacco. Study Aim and Hypothesis: Our aim is to examine the prevalence of conventional tobacco and e-cigarette use among Appalachian youth and to examine associations between use and tobacco harm perceptions. We hypothesized that conventional tobacco users would be less likely than non-users to perceive e-cigarette use as harmful and that e-cigarette users would be less likely than non-users to perceive e-cigarette use as harmful. Methods: A survey of middle and high school students (n=1,008) was conducted in rural Appalachia. The primary outcome in this analysis, tobacco use, was categorized as never user, conventional tobacco only user (cigarettes or smokeless), or e-cigarette only user. Descriptive characteristics were compared among the three use groups. Relationships between harm perceptions and tobacco product use were assessed using multinomial logistic regression models adjusted for age, race, gender, and grade level. Results: Nearly one-fourth (23%) of the participants had tried e-cigarettes. Compared to never users, conventional users were more likely to indicate that e-cigarettes did not cause: (1) health problems (OR: 1.65; CI: 1.075-2.521) or (2) addiction (OR: 1.63; CI: 1.064-2.496). Youth who indicated e-cigarettes do not cause health problems were more likely to be e-cigarette users than non-e-cigarette users (OR: 2.04, CI: 1.460-2.838), and youth who indicated smoking does not cause addiction were more likely to be conventional users than never or e-cigarette only users (OR: 1.96; CI: 1.181-3.262). Conclusions: In summary, youth who use conventional tobacco products or e-cigarettes are less likely to perceive e-cigarettes as harmful. These findings reinforce the need for vigilance in restricting youth access to tobacco products, increased emphasis on health campaigns that clarify scientific uncertainty surrounding tobacco safety, and regulation of e-cigarette marketing that targets youth.
Preclinical development and phase 1 trial of a novel siRNA targeting lipoprotein(a)
Authors: Michael J. Koren, Patrick Maurice Moriarty, Seth J. Baum, Joel Neutel, Martha Hernandez-Illas, Howard S. Weintraub, Monica Florio, Helina Kassahun, Stacey Melquist, Tracy Varrieur, Saptarsi M. Haldar, Winnie Sohn, Huei Wang, Mary Elliott-Davey, Brooke M. Rock, Tao Pei, Oliver Homann, Jennifer Hellawell, Gerald F. Watts
Journal: Nature Medicine (2022)
A Practical Treatise on Diseases of the Skin.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Correction: Phase I Trial of ALRN-6924, a Dual Inhibitor of MDMX and MDM2, in Patients with Solid Tumors and Lymphomas Bearing Wild-type TP53
Authors: Mansoor N. Saleh, Manish R. Patel, Todd M. Bauer, Sanjay Goel, Gerald S. Falchook, Geoffrey I. Shapiro, Ki Y. Chung, Jeffrey R. Infante, Robert M. Conry, Guilherme Rabinowits, David S. Hong, Judy S. Wang, Ulrich Steidl, Loren D. Walensky, Gurudatta Naik, Vincent Guerlavais, Vojislav Vukovic, D. Allen Annis, Manuel Aivado, Funda Meric-Bernstam
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2022)

In the original version of this article (1), author Loren D. Walensky is mistakenly omitted from the author list. This error has been corrected in the latest online HTML and PDF versions of the article and the authors' contributions and disclosures have been updated as necessary. The authors regret this error.
Setting health care priorities in Oregon
Journal: JAMA (1991)

THE UNITED STATES some 31 million citizens (15% of the population under 65) do not have health insurance. 1 In Oregon, a state with a total population of 2.7 million, the number of uninsured persons has been determined to be approximately 400,000, most of whom are employed full or part time. 2 These facts are transformed into an ethical problem if health care is considered a common good and its distribution and financing matters of justice.The ethical challenge consists of finding a fair and compassionate way of responding to the fact that so many citizens are "uninsured for health care" at a time when health care costs are increasing at an unsustainable rate, when Medicaid programs are consistently straining their budgets and the usual patterns of employment based insurance are no longer serving to bring those "still left out" under the health insurance umbrella.The Oregon story is a microcosm of the national story.The story originates in the closing years of the 1980s and its conclusion, yet to be written, will extend well into the 1990s.In the decade of the eighties, expenditures for health care continued in the growth pattern of the previous decade and placed increasing strains on public and private programs we Americans use to finance health services through collective means (taxes and insurance).With this social mechanism we seek to alleviate for one another the
Chemical Treatment of Tumors. X. Reactions of Four Patients with Advanced Malignant Tumors to Injection of a Polysaccharide from &lt;italic&gt;Serratia Marcescens&lt;/italic&gt; Culture Filtrate&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Austin M. Brues, M. J. Shear
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1944)

Chemical Treatment of Tumors. X. Reactions of Four Patients with Advanced Malignant Tumors to Injection of a Polysaccharide from Serratia Marcescens Culture Filtrate Austin M. Brues, Austin M. Brues assistant professor of medicine, assistant physician Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. J. Shear M. J. Shear principal biochemist National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 5, Issue 3, December 1944, Pages 195–208, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/5.3.195 Published: 01 December 1944
Adjuvant Capecitabine for Early Breast Cancer: 15-Year Overall Survival Results From a Randomized Trial
Authors: Heikki Joensuu, Pirkko-Liisa Kellokumpu-Lehtinen, Riikka Huovinen, Arja Jukkola, Minna Tanner, Johan Ahlgren, Päivi Auvinen, Outi Lahdenperä, Kenneth Villman, Paul Nyandoto, Greger Nilsson, Paula Poikonen-Saksela, Vesa Kataja, Petri Bono, Jouni Junnila, Henrik Lindman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

Few data are available regarding the influence of adjuvant capecitabine on long-term survival of patients with early breast cancer.The Finland Capecitabine Trial (FinXX) is a randomized, open-label, multicenter trial that evaluates integration of capecitabine to an adjuvant chemotherapy regimen containing a taxane and an anthracycline for the treatment of early breast cancer. Between January 27, 2004, and May 29, 2007, 1,500 patients with axillary node-positive or high-risk node-negative early breast cancer were accrued. The patients were randomly allocated to either TX-CEX, consisting of three cycles of docetaxel (T) plus capecitabine (X) followed by three cycles of cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, and capecitabine (CEX, 753 patients), or to T-CEF, consisting of three cycles of docetaxel followed by three cycles of cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, and fluorouracil (CEF, 747 patients). We performed a protocol-scheduled analysis of overall survival on the basis of approximately 15-year follow-up of the patients.The data collection was locked on December 31, 2020. By this date, the median follow-up time of the patients alive was 15.3 years (interquartile range, 14.5-16.1 years) in the TX-CEX group and 15.4 years (interquartile range, 14.8-16.0 years) in the T-CEF group. Patients assigned to TX-CEX survived longer than those assigned to T-CEF (hazard ratio 0.81; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.99; P = .037). The 15-year survival rate was 77.6% in the TX-CEX group and 73.3% in the T-CEF group. In exploratory subgroup analyses, patients with estrogen receptor-negative cancer and those with triple-negative cancer treated with TX-CEX tended to live longer than those treated with T-CEF.Addition of capecitabine to a chemotherapy regimen that contained docetaxel, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide prolonged the survival of patients with early breast cancer.
TCT-552 Impact of Timing of Intraaortic Balloon Counterpulsation on Mortality in Cardiogenic Shock – a Subanalysis of the IABP-SHOCK II-Trial
Authors: Georg Fuernau, Jakob Ledwoch, Ingo Eitel, Suzanne de Waha, Steffen Desch, Gerhard Schuler, Uwe Zeymer, Holger Thiele
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2017)
Medications to manage cancer-associated anorexia/cachexia syndrome (CACS) in patients with advanced gastrointestinal (GI) cancer.
Authors: Nivedita Arora, Vidhyalakshmi Ramesh, Beth A. Virnig, Anne Hudson Blaes, Arjun Gupta
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

658 Background: Patients with advanced GI cancer have a high prevalence of CACS. Medications used for CACS have limited efficacy, unwanted side effects, and high costs. We sought to describe the prescribing patterns of medications for CACS in patients with advanced GI cancer. Methods: We identified patients with advanced GI cancer (primary pancreatic, gastric, colorectal, and hepatobiliary) treated at the UM Fairview Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN from 2011-2019. We extracted sociodemographics, clinicopathological data (e.g. body mass index [BMI]), other treatments (e.g. nutrition referral), and prescriber specialty (e.g. oncology). The primary outcome was medication use for CACS: outpatient oral prescription of ≥7 days of megestrol, dronabinol, mirtazapine, olanzapine, or cyproheptadine as any formulation (e.g., tablet, solution) on a scheduled basis. Since medications can have overlapping indications, we clarified prescription indication through chart review if needed. We excluded dexamethasone given extremely non-specific use. Results: We identified 974 patients with advanced GI cancer (45.9 % women, 84.2% White, 4.7% Black, median age 65 years, 36.8% pancreatic cancer, median overall survival 212 days). Of these, 265 (27.2%) patients received at least 1 prescription for CACS (Table). There were 736 unique prescriptions (41.8% dronabinol, 26.9% mirtazapine, 22.4% olanzapine, 8.4% megestrol and 0.4% cyproheptadine). Brand-name formulations comprised 2.7% prescriptions. Most prescriptions were provided by oncologists (67.1%), followed by primary care practitioners (20.3%), and palliative care (6.0%). The median times from advanced cancer diagnosis to first prescription, and from last prescription to death were 73 and 50 days respectively. The median BMI (kg/m2) and serum albumin (g/dL) at time of first prescription were 24.3 (range 11.8-51.1) and 2.5 (range 0.7-4.5) respectively. Conclusions: Almost 1/3rd of patients with advanced GI cancers received medications for CACS. Prescribing was primarily driven by oncologists, and was common in the last weeks of life. Our findings can guide interventions to optimize CACS care by reducing reflexive medication prescribing for CACS, while underscoring the need to develop better pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic CACS treatments.[Table: see text]
Self-Reported Asthma Among High School Students—United States, 2003
Journal: JAMA (2005)

ASTHMA IS A LEADING CHRONIC ILLNESS among children in the United States. 1 To examine self-reported asthma and asthma attacks among U.S. high school students, CDC analyzed data from the 2003 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS).This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicated that 18.9% of high school students had been told by a doctor or nurse that they had asthma, 16.1% had current asthma, and 37.9% of those with current asthma had had an episode of asthma or an asthma attack during the 12 months preceding the survey.These findings underscore the need for healthcare providers, schools, families, and public health practitioners to be prepared to respond to asthma-related emergencies and to help students manage their asthma.YRBS is a component of CDC's Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System and measures the prevalence of health risk behaviors among high school students through biennial national, state, and local surveys.The 2003 national survey used a three-stage cluster sample design to obtain cross-sectional data representative of public-and privateschool students in grades 9-12 in the 50 states and the District of Columbia.The school response rate was 81%, the student response rate was 83%, and the overall response rate was 67%.Students completed an anonymous, selfadministered questionnaire that included two questions about asthma.Question 1 was answered by 13,553 students and asked, "Has a doctor or nurse
Questions and Answers
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Coronary artery calcium scores show excellent agreement between fast gated helical CT and EBCT in two large populations of similar age and coronary risk Peter L. Thompson, David Grout, Mark Nidorf, Sudheera Nair, Ross G. T. Walker. West Australian Heart Research Institute (Gairdner Campus), Perth, Australia, Sydney Heart Image of Sydney Adventist Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Reducing Amphotericin B Reactions: Double-Blind Study
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Vascular surgery
Authors: Theodore B. Massell
Journal: JAMA (1963)

For many years there has been a need for a comprehensive text on vascular surgery, written from the point of view of surgeons with extensive personal experience in this field. The work of Kinmonth, Rob, and Simeone should meet that need. All three of the authors are well known as experts in vascular surgery. In their newly published treatise, they have attempted to cover the entire field with all its ramifications, including even vascular tumors, portal hypertension, and neurovascular disturbances, such as the thoracic outlet syndromes and the carpal tunnel syndrome. A final chapter deals with cardiac arrest, hypothermia, and perfusion. Not all the subjects are covered with equal thoroughness. Kinmonth's excellent chapter "Diseases of the Lymphatic Vessels" is almost a monograph on the subject. Hypertension and the cryopathies are treated in a comparable manner. On the other hand, subjects such as the sympathetic dystrophies and aneurysms deserve more comprehensive