tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Central serous chorioretinopathy: Recent findings and new physiopathology hypothesis
Authors: Alejandra Daruich, Alexandre Matet, Ali Dirani, Elodie Bousquet, Min Zhao, Nicolette Farman, Frédéric Jaisser, Francine Behar-Cohen
Journal: Progress in Retinal and Eye Research (2015)

Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is a major cause of vision threat among middle-aged male individuals. Multimodal imaging led to the description of a wide range of CSCR manifestations, and highlighted the contribution of the choroid and pigment epithelium in CSCR pathogenesis. However, the exact molecular mechanisms of CSCR have remained uncertain. The aim of this review is to recapitulate the clinical understanding of CSCR, with an emphasis on the most recent findings on epidemiology, risk factors, clinical and imaging diagnosis, and treatments options. It also gives an overview of the novel mineralocorticoid pathway hypothesis, from animal data to clinical evidences of the biological efficacy of oral mineralocorticoid antagonists in acute and chronic CSCR patients. In rodents, activation of the mineralocorticoid pathway in ocular cells either by intravitreous injection of its specific ligand, aldosterone, or by over-expression of the receptor specifically in the vascular endothelium, induced ocular phenotypes carrying many features of acute CSCR. Molecular mechanisms include expression of the calcium-dependent potassium channel (KCa2.3) in the endothelium of choroidal vessels, inducing subsequent vasodilation. Inappropriate or over-activation of the mineralocorticoid receptor in ocular cells and other tissues (such as brain, vessels) could link CSCR with the known co-morbidities observed in CSCR patients, including hypertension, coronary disease and psychological stress.
Abstract 3674: Association of waist-to-thigh ratio with history of cardiovascular diseases among US adults: Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2004
Authors: Chaoyang Li, Earl S Ford, Ali H Mokdad, Wayne H Giles
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background and Objective: Limited studies have shown that elevated waist-to-thigh ratio (WTR) may be associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes and ischemic heart disease. We sought to examine the association of WTR with history of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) among US adults. Methods: A total of 11,137 men and nonpregnant women aged 20 years or older in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2004 were analyzed. WTR was calculated using measured waist and thigh circumferences. A positive history of CVD was defined as having any of the following conditions diagnosed by a doctor: congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, heart attack, or stroke. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were obtained in logistic regression analyses. Results: The mean WTR was 1.87 for men and 1.75 for women. The age-adjusted prevalence of CVD increased with increasing WTR (p &lt;0.05 for men and p&lt;0.01 for women for linear trends) (Figure ). After adjusted for multiple potential confounders, there was a significant linear trend for the association of WTR with CVD among men (p &lt;0.01), but not among women (p =0.18) (Figure ). There was a two-fold increased likelihood of having CVD comparing the forth to the first quartile of WTR among men (AOR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.1 to 4.2). This association persisted after further adjustment for body mass index or waist circumference. Conclusions: In this most recent nationally representative sample, WTR was significantly associated with history of CVD independent of body mass index or waist circumference, particularly among men..
Abstract P5-01-10: In vitro and in vivo imaging of Her2 with cyclic peptides derived from directed evolution
Authors: Lindsay E Kelderhouse, Amanda Hardy, Yong Pan, Patrea Rhea, Argentina Ornelas, Seth Gammon, Peiying Yang, Stephen Fiacco, Steven W Millward
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract The implementation of personalized medicine for Her2-positive breast cancer treatment (Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab) has made a dramatic effect on overall patient outcome. Unfortunately, there are currently no FDA-approved imaging agents to monitor Her2-positive breast cancer leaving physicians to rely on invasive biopsies and anatomical imaging to monitor treatment with Her2-targeted therapeutics. There is also increasing evidence that women initially diagnosed with Her2-negative breast can present with Her2-positive disease upon recurrence. Noninvasive, whole-body visualization of Her2 would identify Her2-recurrent disease and serve as a powerful tool to monitor the effectiveness of new and emerging Her2-targeted therapeutics (e.g. TDM-1). While many Her2-antibody based imaging agents have been used in preclinical applications, their long circulating half-lives, high liver uptake, and poor synthetic accessibility pose a challenges for clinical translation. Here we describe the use of highly stable cyclic peptides derived from biological display as imaging agents for Her2-positive breast cancer. These peptides have antibody-like high affinity (&amp;lt;10 nM) for Her2-positive tumors and their size (&amp;lt;2 kDa) allows for higher rates of clearance, lower background signal, and consequently higher image sensitivity. Anti-Her2 peptides were pre-optimized for affinity, protease resistance and bio-stability prior to labeling with the Cy7.5 near-infrared dye. Her2-specificity was determined by in vitro assays with Her2-postive (BT474 and SKOV3), HER2-normal (MCF7) and Her2-negative (MDA-MB-231) cell lines. Sequences that showed superior affinity and selectivity were used to acquire fluorescent images of ectopic and orthotopic murine models of Her2-positive breast cancer. Our preliminary imaging data suggests that this scaffold has excellent translational potential for targeted molecular imaging of Her2-postive breast cancer. Citation Format: Lindsay E Kelderhouse, Amanda Hardy, Yong Pan, Patrea Rhea, Argentina Ornelas, Seth Gammon, Peiying Yang, Stephen Fiacco, Steven W Millward. In vitro and in vivo imaging of Her2 with cyclic peptides derived from directed evolution [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-01-10.
Injection drug use and risk of HIV transmission among homeless men with mental illness
Authors: E Susser, M Miller, E Valencia, P Colson, B Roche, S Conover
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1996)

The high seroprevalence of HIV that has been reported among homeless individuals with mental illness indicates an urgent need to examine HIV risk behavior in this population.Injection drug use and sexual behavior were assessed in comprehensive interviews with 218 homeless mentally ill men in a New York City shelter. First, the proportion of men who had injected drugs was established. Then, among those who had injected drugs, the injection drug use behaviors associated with HIV transmission (i.e., whether they had ever engaged in high-risk behaviors and had ever engaged in risk-reduction behaviors) and their current sexual risk behaviors were examined.Fifty (23%) of the 218 men had injected drugs. Among these 50, the great majority had engaged in high-risk behaviors, including sharing needles (66%) and using shooting galleries (64%). Few had engaged in risk-reduction behaviors, such as cleaning needles with bleach (22%) and using a needle exchange program (2%). In the past 6 months alone, the majority of the injection drug users had had unprotected sex with women (48%) or with men (10%).This study documents a high lifetime prevalence of injection drug use in a group of homeless men with mental illness. The men who had injected drugs reported injection drug use and sexual behaviors with high risk of HIV transmission and gave scant evidence of risk-reduction behaviors. These individuals may fall between service systems and may be difficult to reach but, nonetheless, must be included in efforts to prevent transmission of HIV infection.
Complications of Chronic Liver Disease
Authors: William G. Rector
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Organized around specific clinical problems, this book contains a current review of the treatment of complications of cirrhosis. It also features chapters on gastro-intestinal complications of cirrhosis, and methods of evaluation of the severity and prognosis of chronic liver disease. The book is aimed at gastroenterologists, hepatologists, primary care physicians and general surgeons.
Die Arbeitsbehandlung: Zur Reform der Lungenheilstätten.
Authors: Hanns Alexander, Kurt Alexander
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Einstein's creative thinking and the general theory of relativity: a documented report
Authors: A Rothenberg
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1979)

A document written by Albert Einstein has recently come to light in which the eminent scientist described the actual sequence of his thoughts leading to the development of the general theory of relativity. The key creative thought was an instance of a type of creative cognition the author has previously designated "Janusian thinking," Janusian thinking consists of actively conceiving two or more opposite or antithetical concepts, ideas, or images simultaneously. This form of high-level secondary process cognition has been found to operate widely in art, science, and other fields.
Comparison of the effects of hydrochlorothiazide and furosemide on lithium disposition
Authors: B L Crabtree, J E Mack, C D Johnson, B C Amyx
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1991)

This study examined the interaction between lithium and diuretics, comparing both the pharmacokinetic and the pharmacodynamic variable of hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide, and placebo.The study, which took place in an outpatient research clinic of a university hospital, used a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design. The subjects were normal, healthy male volunteers who responded to recruitment announcements. Thirteen subjects entered and completed the study. All subjects took lithium, 300 mg b.i.d., for 6 weeks. Hydrochlorothiazide, 25 mg b.i.d.; furosemide, 20 mg b.i.d.; and placebo were given during weeks 2, 4, and 6 in a random order of assignment. Serum lithium levels and indices of diuretic activity were measured during each week.The subjects' serum lithium levels after 5 days of taking hydrochlorothiazide were significantly higher than after 5 days of taking furosemide and placebo. At the doses studied, hydrochlorothiazide was also more potent than furosemide in increasing plasma renin activity, increasing sodium excretion, and decreasing lithium excretion.The observed differences between diuretics in effects on serum lithium may have been due to differences in the potency of the diuretics at the doses studied as well as in the site of action of the diuretic effect. The results must be interpreted cautiously, however, because the effects were small and of questionable clinical significance, and the study used healthy volunteers and low doses of lithium instead of psychiatric patients and the usual therapeutic levels of lithium.
TG01, a new potent COX-2 inhibitor in combination with erlotinib in metastatic or recurrent non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients: A phase 1 study
Authors: K. L. Reckamp, R. Patel, L. Chen, B. J. Gitlitz, A. M. Davies, D. Jezior, S. Zaknoen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

14661 Background: TG01 is an oral, potent and selective inhibitor of COX-2. The COX-2 pathway plays a key role in tumor dependent angiogenesis and growth. Preclinical studies of TG01 show in vitro and in vivo activity in xenograft models. Thus, TG01 is being studied in advanced solid tumors. COX-2 signaling activates the Erk/MAPK pathway (Krysan et al Cancer Res 2005; 65:6275) thus combinations of COX-2 and EGFR inhibitors are of interest, particularly in advanced NSCLC. The purpose of this study was to determine the safety and feasibility of TG01 in combination with the EGFR-TKI, erlotinib in NSCLC patients. Methods: Patients with recurrent or metastatic NSCLC were treated with erlotinib (150 mg PO daily) and escalating doses of TG01 (100 - 1200 PO daily). Prior treatment with an EGFR TKI was allowed. PK for TG01 and erlotinib will be evaluated. PGE-M a urinary metabolite of PGE2 will be collected at baseline and Day 15 of C1 and Day 1 of C2. The recommended phase II dose will be based on ≥ 75% inhibition of PGE-M and/or the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Dose limiting toxicity (DLT) is defined as drug related G3 and G4 events. Results: Six patients have been enrolled (3 at TG01 100mg; 3 at TG01 200mg). Characteristics: Sex: 4 F; Age range 57–80; ECOG PS 0 or 1 (0=3, 1=3). Number of prior therapies: 2–5. There have been no DLTs; most common adverse events include G1 and G2 nausea, diarrhea and rash (2 pts each). Of three evaluable patients: 1 PR, 2 SD. TG01 pharmacokinetics reveal a median Tmax of 2 hours (range 1.5–4), mean (SD) T1/2 of 11.8 (5.3) hours, Cmax of 313.0 (99.6) ng/ml and AUC (0-t) of 2816 (1204) ng.h/ml. Conclusions: 1) TG01 and erlotinib have been safely administered in doses evaluated to date. Accrual to additional cohorts is ongoing. 2) PGE-M analysis of the 1st 2 cohorts is underway. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration OSI Pharmaceuticals, Tragara Pharmaceuticals Inc. Tragara Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Failure of Immunologic Purging in Mantle Cell Lymphoma Assessed by Polymerase Chain Reaction Detection of Minimal Residual Disease
Authors: Niels S. Andersen, John W. Donovan, Joseph S. Borus, Christina M. Poor, Donna Neuberg, Jon C. Aster, Lee M. Nadler, Arnold S. Freedman, John G. Gribben
Journal: Blood (1997)
Switching statins
Authors: James C Moon, Richard G Bogle
Journal: BMJ (2006)

does not yet recognise virtue in farsightedness.NHS targets are geared towards improving clinical performance and cutting waiting times.No one gets fired for failing to reduce the carbon footprint of a hospital or clinic.And so, in the name of health care, gargantuan sums of public money continue to be spent in ways that are careless of the physical and mental wellbeing of future generations.A longer term perspective suggests that this makes poor sense, not only for population health, but also for the business of running a national health service.
Effects of adherence to rhinitis therapy in an Italian longitudinal study
Authors: Sandra Baldacci, Sara Maio, Anna Angino, Giuseppe Sarno, Sonia Cerrai, Marzia Simoni, Patrizia Silvi, Francesco Di Pese, Anna Paola Pala, Megon Bresciani, Giovanni Viegi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background:  allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic airways inflammatory condition which can have a large impact on patients9 health and quality of life. Adherence with prescribed treatment is essential for the effective management of AR.   Aim:  to evaluate the long term impact of adherence on AR management in the Italian ARGA prospective study.  Methods:  107 general practitioners (GP) enrolled 913 patients affected by AR (mean age 39yrs). For each patient, a self-administered questionnaire and the relative form filled in by GP on respiratory allergic diseases/symptoms, anti-rhinitis medicines prescriptions/consumption and clinical related factors were available at baseline and follow up 12 months apart. Adherence to treatment was evaluated comparing GP prescriptions for AR and medicines consumption reported by the patients.   Results:  baseline prevalence rate of adherence was 57.1%. Comparing baseline with follow up rhinitis outcomes in relation to baseline adherence, an improvement was shown for: AR control from 65.0 to 71.1%, persistent severity levels from 33.2 to 31.5%, AR symptoms in the last 12 months from 95.6 to 88.8%, daily activity limitations from 21.9 to 20.7%, Emergency Room/hospital admissions from 2.1 to 1.4%, quality of life score from 18 to 17.   Conclusions : our findings show improved longitudinal AR outcomes in patients adherent to therapy; considering this aspect at each visit is advisable in order to make GP able to identify unsuitable adherence in patients who could benefit from close follow-up.   This work was supported by the “Italian Medicines Agency (AIFA)”, within the independent drug research program, contract no. “FARM5JYS5A”.
Comparing Gene Expression Profiling (GEP) Features Of Bone Marrow Biopsies (BMBx) Of Patients With Multiple Myeloma (MM) and Normal Donors (NL): 24 Microenvironment Specific Gene Probes Distinguish MM From NL
Authors: Christoph Heuck, Pingping Qu, Emily Hansen, Qing Zhang, Adam Rosenthal, Frits van Rhee, Sarah Waheed, Shebli Atrash, Purvi Patel, Antje Hoering, Joshua Epstein, John Crowley, Bart Barlogie
Journal: Blood (2013)
Erratum: OTUB1 de-ubiquitinating enzyme promotes prostate cancer cell invasion in vitro and tumorigenesis in vivo
Authors: Diego Iglesias-Gato, Yin-Choy Chuan, Ning Jiang, Charlotte Svensson, Jing Bao, Zhiqun Shang, Indranil Paul, Lars Egevad, Benedikt M Kessler, Pernilla Wikström, Yuanjie Niu, Amilcar Flores-Morales
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2015)

Erratum: OTUB1 de-ubiquitinating enzyme promotes prostate cancer cell invasion in vitro and tumorigenesis in vivo (vol 14, 8, 2015)
Abstract 1485: Tissue Specific Activation of cGMP by an Alternatively Spliced Form of BNP
Authors: Shuchong Pan, Candace Lee, Horng Chen, Amir Lerman, John C Burnett, Robert Simari
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Intravenous administration of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) has vasorelaxing as well as diuretic and natriuretic properties. This vasorelaxing property may lead to hypotension and re...
Abstract 40: Genetic Deletion Of Mir-208a Induces Pathological Remodeling And Heart Failure
Authors: Robert T Davis, Raghu S Nagalingam, Mariam Noor, Da-Zhi Wang, Beata M Wolska, R.John Solaro, Madhu Gupta
Journal: Circulation Research (2014)

Introduction: miR-208a, a small non-coding RNA expressed only in the heart, has a profound influence on cardiac gene expression. It has been previously demonstrated that genetic deletion of miR-208a does not affect viability or induce gross morphological heart defects, suggesting it is not required for normal cardiac growth and function (van Rooij et al., 2007; Callis et al., 2009). However, recent data from our lab indicate that miR-208a knock-out (KO) mice (developed in the laboratory of Da-Zhi Wang and subsequently maintained by inbreeding) display gross morphological cardiac abnormalities and dramatically reduced survival. Therefore, this investigation sought out to determine the mechanism(s) responsible for the maladaptive growth. Methods: Wild-type (WT) and miR-208a KO littermate mice (3-5 mon old) were used for this investigation. Cardiac function was assessed via echocardiography, cardiac fibrosis by collagen fiber staining, and gene expression by real-time PCR and Western blotting. We also measured basal Ca2+ transients and unloaded cell shortening in isolated mouse ventricular myocytes. Results: We observed KO mice have significantly lower survival rates, developed marked cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and have significantly reduced cardiac function. Compared to WT controls, cardiomyocytes from KO mice exhibited a significantly lower percent of cell shortening, slower rates of relaxation and contraction, lower amplitude, and slower kinetics (tau) of Ca2+ transients. Additionally, there was a reduced phosphorylation of phospholamban (Ser16) in miR-208 KO mice indicating a lower Ca2+ affinity of the SR Ca2+-ATPase. Conclusions: These data provide evidence that the observed reduction in cardiac function in miR-208a KO mice is likely due, in part, to alterations in cellular Ca2+ fluxes. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate genetic deletion of miR-208a induces a maladaptive phenotype at baseline. Our findings indicate the importance of considering variables such as genetic/environmental constraints when perturbing the expression of the miR-208a in the heart.
The Reproduction of Life. A Handbook of the Science of Reproduction in Nature and Man.
Authors: A. J. Cokkinis
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal