tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Oxylipin biosynthesis reinforces cellular senescence and allows detection of senolysis
Authors: Christopher D. Wiley, Rishi Sharma, Sonnet S. Davis, Jose Alberto Lopez-Dominguez, Kylie P. Mitchell, Samantha Wiley, Fatouma Alimirah, Dong Eun Kim, Therese Payne, Andrew Rosko, Eliezer Aimontche, Sharvari M. Deshpande, Francesco Neri, Chisaka Kuehnemann, Marco Demaria, Arvind Ramanathan, Judith Campisi
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2021)
Transient transmural reduction of myocardial blood flow demonstrated by thallium-201 scintigraphy, as a cause of variant angina.
Authors: AMaseri, OParodi, SSeveri, APesola
Journal: Circulation (1976)

In previous studies we demonstrated that variant angina could not be attributed to increased myocardial demands. In order to investigate whether a reduction of regional myocardial blood supply could be responsible for these ischemic episodes, we studied regional myocardial perfusion in six patients admitted to our coronary care unit. Myocardial scintigrams, obtained 5-7 min following i.v. injection of 1 mCi of thallium-201, performed during an episode of ST-segment elevation, showed transmural deficits of tracer uptake in the heart wall corresponding to the leads showing ST-segment elevation. These regional deficits ahd disappeared by 2 hours because of late uptake in previously ischemic myocardium. One week later, following injections performed in the absence of acute ischemia, no deficit was apparent. Tracer uptake in ischemic areas was 60% to 85% of that observed a week later. After adjusting for thallium-201 kinetics and counting geometry promblems., these scintigrams actually represent large underest...
Acute effect of percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy on ventilatory and hemodynamic responses to exercise. Pathophysiological basis for early symptomatic improvement.
Authors: YTanabe, MSuzuki, MTakahashi, MOshima, YYamazaki, TYamaguchi, YIgarashi, YTamura, MYamazoe, AShibata
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDImprovement of exertional dyspnea occurs immediately after percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy (PTMC), but the pathophysiological basis for this early symptomatic improvement has not been elucidated.METHODS AND RESULTSExercise hemodynamic measurement and exercise ventilatory measurement with arterial blood gas analysis were performed in 21 patients aged 50.4 +/- 9.5 years (mean +/- SD) with symptomatic mitral stenosis before and a few days after PTMC. Exercise ventilatory measurement were also performed in 14 normal control subjects aged 48.9 +/- 4.9 years. After PTMC, mitral valve area increased (from 1.0 +/- 0.3 to 1.7 +/- 0.3 cm2, P < .001), mean mitral gradient (from 12.2 +/- 5.2 to 5.2 +/- 2.2 mm Hg, P < .001), and mean left atrial pressure (from 18.7 +/- 6.1 to 12.1 +/- 4.0 mm Hg, P < .001) decreased. All patients experienced significant symptomatic improvement soon after PTMC. Comparison of hemodynamic parameters at the same ergometer work rate showed a significant decrease in ...
Purkinje and ventricular activation sequences of canine papillary muscle. Effects of quinidine and calcium on the Purkinje-ventricular conduction delay.
Authors: R DVeenstra, R WJoyner, D ARawling
Journal: Circulation Research (1984)

We have studied in vitro preparations of canine right and left papillary muscles to determine the excitation sequences of the Purkinje and ventricular cells, using both monopolar surface electrodes and intracellular microelectrodes. Our results show, for right papillary muscles, that the Purkinje layer covers the basal part of the muscle, and that activation from the right bundle branch propagates over all of the Purkinje layer, but directly activates the underlying ventricular layer only at specific junctional sites. Left papillary muscles have attachments to both apical and basal Purkinje strands and the Purkinje layer covers the entire muscle, but, as for right papillary muscles, activation from the Purkinje layer to the ventricular layer occurs only at basal junctional sites. Antidromic conduction in papillary muscles (propagation from the ventricular layer to the Purkinje layer) can occur at regions other than the specific sites through which the Purkinje layer activates the ventricular layer. At the...
Metanephric Adenoma Mimicking Renal Cell Carcinoma on 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT
Authors: Jing Gong, Aisheng Dong, Chengwei Shao
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

Abstract Metanephric adenoma is a rare benign renal tumor. A 49-year-old woman presented with a left renal pelvic mass detected by ultrasound. Enhanced CT of the kidney showed slight enhancement of the mass. For characterization of the mass, 99m Tc-MIBI SPECT/CT was performed showing photopenia of the mass. Renal cell carcinoma was suspected. The mass was removed surgically. Metanephric adenoma was confirmed by histopathology. This case indicates that metanephric adenoma can appear cold on 99m Tc-MIBI SPECT/CT, mimicking renal cell carcinoma.
Machine learning for patient risk stratification: standing on, or looking over, the shoulders of clinicians?
Authors: Brett K. Beaulieu-Jones, William Yuan, Gabriel A. Brat, Andrew L. Beam, Griffin Weber, Marshall Ruffin, Isaac S. Kohane
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2021)

Abstract Machine learning can help clinicians to make individualized patient predictions only if researchers demonstrate models that contribute novel insights, rather than learning the most likely next step in a set of actions a clinician will take. We trained deep learning models using only clinician-initiated, administrative data for 42.9 million admissions using three subsets of data: demographic data only, demographic data and information available at admission, and the previous data plus charges recorded during the first day of admission. Models trained on charges during the first day of admission achieve performance close to published full EMR-based benchmarks for inpatient outcomes: inhospital mortality (0.89 AUC), prolonged length of stay (0.82 AUC), and 30-day readmission rate (0.71 AUC). Similar performance between models trained with only clinician-initiated data and those trained with full EMR data purporting to include information about patient state and physiology should raise concern in the deployment of these models. Furthermore, these models exhibited significant declines in performance when evaluated over only myocardial infarction (MI) patients relative to models trained over MI patients alone, highlighting the importance of physician diagnosis in the prognostic performance of these models. These results provide a benchmark for predictive accuracy trained only on prior clinical actions and indicate that models with similar performance may derive their signal by looking over clinician’s shoulders—using clinical behavior as the expression of preexisting intuition and suspicion to generate a prediction. For models to guide clinicians in individual decisions, performance exceeding these benchmarks is necessary.
Quantitation of aortic insufficiency using a catheter-tip velocity transducer.
Authors: W WNichols, C JPepine, C RConti, L GChristie, R LFeldman
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Bidirectional instantaneous aortic root blood flow was measured in 18 patients with aortic insufficiency (AI) using a catheter-tip velocity transducer. The magnitude of AI was quantitated by determining total forward systolic flow from the area of the flow velocity curve above the zero baseline and regurgitant diastolic flow from the curve area below the baseline. Effective forward flow (stroke volume) was calculated as the difference between total forward systolic flow and regurgitant diastolic flow. Regurgitant fraction was determined as the ratio of regurgitant flow to total forward flow. These data were compared with conventional angiographic estimates (1+ to 4+) of the degree of insufficiency. Velocity transducer determination of regurgitant fraction was 26% in the patient with 1+ AI, 37% (31-48%) in 2+ AI, 49% (35-61%) in 3+ AI and 72% in 4+ AI (regurgitant fraction vs angiographic grade, r = 0.84). Regurgitant flow per diastole was 9 ml in the patient with 1+ AI, 39 ml (20-49 ml) in 2+ AI, 57 ml (3...
Abstract 13180: Characteristics and Clinical Impact of Healed Plaques in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Optical Coherence Tomographic Evaluation
Authors: Hitoshi Nakamura, Ryu Syutta, Kyosuke Yanagawa, Yutaka Matsuhiro, Koji Yasumoto, Akihiro Tanaka, Naotaka Okamoto, Daisuke Nakamura, Yasuharu Matsunaga, Masamichi Yano, Masaki Yamato, Yasuyuki Egami, Masami Nishino, Jun Tanouchi
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Background: Healed plaques (HP), morphologically characterized by a multilayered pattern in optical coherence tomography (OCT), are frequently found in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). ...
Kinetics and imaging of indium-11-labeled autologous platelets in experimental myocardial infarction.
Authors: K HLaws, J AClanton, V AStarnes, F MLupinetti, J CCollins, J AOates, J WHammon
Journal: Circulation (1983)

The kinetics of accumulation and the external imaging patterns of indium-111-labeled platelets infused in a dog model of left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion with reperfusion were studied. The effects of infarct age and regional residual myocardial blood flow upon platelet accumulation were quantified, and the capacity of indium-111 platelets to image the experimental infarction was evaluated qualitatively. The endocardial accumulation of indium-111 platelets occurred primarily in infarct zones with residual blood flow less than 0.6 times normal and was maximal (24.98 +/- 2.76 times normal) in the lowest blood flow zone (less than 0.1 times normal). Indium-111 platelet accumulation in the epicardium occurred in the regions with blood flow less than 0.6 times normal and was maximal (17.83 +/- 1.20 times normal) in the lowest blood flow zone (less than 0.1 times normal). The maximal endocardial and epicardial platelet accumulation occurred 24 hours after reperfusion and was significantly decre...
If pneumatic dilation is not enough efficient for post fundoplication dysphagia, is Per Oral Endoscopic Myotomy a good answer to manage it?
Authors: Antoine Debourdeau, Véronique Vitton, Marc A Barthet, Jean-Michel Gonzalez
Journal: Gut (2021)

We read with interest the article by Schuitenmaker et al 1 that evaluated oesophageal pneumatic dilation (PD) for persistent dysphagia after antireflux surgery (ARS).

The authors concluded that PD is not more effective than sham procedure in patients with persistent dysphagia after laparoscopic fundoplication.

The therapeutic target of PD is the esogastric junction (EGJ) and its effect is theoretically explained by mechanical forces applied on an EGJ obstacle, being either cardial muscular in achalasia or extrinsic valve after antireflux fundoplication. But most of the patients included in the study (76%) did not have an EGJ outflow obstruction (EGJOO).

The realisation of an antireflux valve can lead to the development of inefficient oesophageal motility in nearly 20% of cases2 and the study of Schuitenmake et al reinforces the idea that post-ARS dysphagia is not necessarily related …
Vasodilatation by calcitonin gene-related peptide and by substance P: a comparison of their effects on resistance and capacitance vessels of human forearms.
Authors: J RMcEwan, NBenjamin, SLarkin, R WFuller, C TDollery, IMacIntyre
Journal: Circulation (1988)

A comparison has been made of the effects of the potent vasodilating peptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP) on resistance and capacitance vessels of normal subjects. Brachial artery infusion of 1.25 to 10 pmol/min CGRP and of 0.25 to 1.5 pmol/min SP produced maximal increases in forearm blood flow (177 +/- 75% and 198 +/- 50%, respectively), as measured by venous occlusion plethysmography. The vasodilation due to CGRP was prolonged, with a half-life of biological effect of approximately 18 min, while that due to SP was of short duration, with a half-life of biological effect of approximately 15 sec. There was rapid development of tachyphylaxis to the effects of arterial infusion of SP, but not of CGRP, during a prolonged infusion at one dose. CGRP did not alter the diameter of a superficial hand vein, either at rest or when the vein was constricted by a simultaneous infusion of norepinephrine or by the single deep breath reflex. In contrast, SP caused dilatation of veins preco...
Concordance Between CYP2D6 Genotypes Obtained From Tumor-Derived and Germline DNA
Authors: James M. Rae, Meredith M. Regan, Jacklyn N. Thibert, Christina Gersch, Dafydd Thomas, Brian Leyland-Jones, Giuseppe Viale, Lajos Pusztai, Daniel F. Hayes, Todd Skaar, Catherine Van Poznak
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2013)

Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumors (FFPETs) are a valuable source of DNA for genotype association studies and are often the only germline DNA resource from cancer clinical trials. The anti-estrogen tamoxifen is metabolized into endoxifen by CYP2D6, leading to the hypothesis that patients with certain CYP2D6 genotypes may not receive benefit because of their inability to activate the drug. Studies testing this hypothesis using FFPETs have provided conflicting results. It has been postulated that CYP2D6 genotype determined using FFPET may not be accurate because of somatic tumor alterations. In this study, we determined the concordance between CYP2D6 genotypes generated using 3 tissue sources (FFPETs; formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded unaffected lymph nodes [FFPELNs]; and whole blood cells [WBCs]) from 122 breast cancer patients. Compared with WBCs, FFPET and FFPELN genotypes were highly concordant (>94%), as were the predicted CYP2D6 metabolic phenotypes (>97%). We conclude that CYP2D6 genotypes obtained from FFPETs accurately represent the patient's CYP2D6 metabolic phenotype.
Effect of left atrial filling pressure on the activity of specific myosin isozymes in rat heart.
Authors: N SKato, AWeisberg, SWinegrad
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

One of the fundamental properties of cardiac muscle is the increase in force generated and work performed with a rise in the resting length of the tissue. There are data to indicate that length-dependent responses of electromechanical coupling and calcium binding by troponin are part of the basis for the pressure-volume relation in the heart. In this study, the contribution of changes in the functional properties of the contractile proteins independent of modification in electromechanical coupling has been examined. Isolated working hearts containing either a mixture of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isozymes (alpha[fast] and beta [slow]) or exclusively the fast MHC have been subjected to left atrial filling pressures (LAPs) between 5 and 20 cm H2O. After 40 minutes at a given LAP, the heart was quickly frozen. The relative activities of calcium- and actin-activated ATPase of V1 and V3 myosin, containing alpha- and beta-MHC, were measured in cryostatic sections of the heart by quantitative histochemistry under ...
High-dose calcium channel-blocking therapy for primary pulmonary hypertension: evidence for long-term reduction in pulmonary arterial pressure and regression of right ventricular hypertrophy.
Authors: SRich, B HBrundage
Journal: Circulation (1987)

In an attempt to produce substantial reductions in pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension, a new treatment strategy using high doses of calcium channel-blocking drugs was developed. Thirteen patients were given an initial test dose of 60 mg diltiazem or 20 mg nifedipine followed by consecutive hourly doses until a 50% fall in pulmonary vascular resistance and 33% fall in pulmonary arterial pressure was achieved or untoward side effects developed. The initial drug challenges failed to produce significant reductions in mean pulmonary arterial pressure or pulmonary vascular resistance. In eight of 13 patients, continued hourly doses produced a reduction in mean pulmonary arterial pressure of 48% (61 to 35 mm Hg, p less than .01) and a reduction in pulmonary vascular resistance of 60% (15 to 6 units, p less than .01). These patients were discharged on high-dose (up to 720 mg/day diltiazem or 240 mg/day nifedipine) calcium channel-blocking ...
Over-The-Scope Clips (OTSC©) Versus Surgery for Refractory Peptic Ulcer Bleeding
Authors: A Kuellmer, T Mangold, D Bettinger, L Maruschke, A Wannhoff, K Caca, E Wedi, C Jung, T Kleemann, T Schulz, R Thimme, A Schmidt
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Surgery and Transcatheter arterial embolization are considered standard treatment of peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB) refractory to endoscopic hemostasis. Over-The-Scope clips (OTSC) have shown superiority to standard endoscopic treatment but a comparison with surgery has not been performed, yet.
Sustained improvement of pulmonary hemodynamics in patients at rest and during exercise after thrombolytic treatment of massive pulmonary embolism.
Authors: FSchwarz, HStehr, RZimmermann, JManthey, WKübler
Journal: Circulation (1985)

This study assessed the long-term effects of thrombolytic treatment in patients with acute massive pulmonary embolism (PE). Seven patients with PE that followed deep-vein thrombosis underwent pulmonary angiography and pressure measurements before and 6 +/- 3 days (mean +/- SD) and 15 +/- 4 months after treatment with intrapulmonary infusions of urokinase (average dose 1724 U/kg X hr) and heparin (average dose 17 U/kg X hr). Treatment was guided by daily measurements of pulmonary arterial (PA) pressure and was continued until PA pressure had normalized (average of 6 days). Late after treatment patients returned for pulmonary angiographic examination, right heart catheterization at rest and during bicycle exercise, and phlebography of the deep veins of both legs. Pulmonary angiograms showed massive obstruction before therapy (Walsh index 15 +/- 2 points of a maximum of 18 points), which was improved 6 days (3 +/- 3 points) and 15 months (1 +/- 2 points) after therapy. Mean PA pressure declined from 37 +/- 9...
Dose response effectiveness of propranolol for the treatment of angina pectoris.
Authors: E LAlderman, R ODavies, J JCrowley, M GLopes, J ZBrooker, J PFriedman, A FGraham, H JMatlof, D CHarrison
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Seventeen patients received placebo medication during a 12-week run-in period, followed by four double-blind study periods of six weeks each, during which time placebo, 80 mg, 160 mg and 320 mg propranolol dosages were administered. Examination of the frequency of angina episodes and nonprophylactic nitroglycerin consumption revealed significant beneficial clinical responses for both the 160 and 320 mg dosages. Exercise testing also demonstrated increased exercise tolerance (320 mg dose) with a shift of the exercise end point from pain to fatigue in seven of 17 patients. The interrelationships between propranolol daily dosage, clinical response assessed by percent reduction in anginal episodes, beta-adrenergic blockade measured by percent reduction in exercise heart rate and serum levels were examined. In general, serum levels of 30 ng/ml, when drawn 90 to 180 minutes following the last oral dose, were required to achieve a 25% or greater reduction in angina frequency. Serum levels above 30 ng/ml were sim...
Effective thrombolysis without marked plasminemia after bolus intravenous administration of vampire bat salivary plasminogen activator in rabbits.
Authors: S JGardell, D RRamjit, I IStabilito, TFujita, J JLynch, G CCuca, DJain, S PWang, J STung, G EMark
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUNDThe use of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) in thrombolytic therapy is frequently associated with significant fibrinogenolysis. In contrast, recombinant vampire bat salivary plasminogen activator (Bat-PA) displays strict fibrin specificity, an attribute that could be desirable in a fibrinolytic agent.METHODS AND RESULTSThe efficacy and fibrin selectivity of Bat-PA was evaluated and compared with that of t-PA using a rabbit model of femoral arterial thrombosis. Administration of 8.1, 14, and 42 nmol Bat-PA/kg by bolus intravenous injection restored flow in 50%, 75%, and 80% of the rabbits, respectively. The incidence of reperfusion after bolus intravenous injection of 14 and 42 nmol t-PA/kg was 15% and 78%, respectively. The maximal femoral artery reperfusion flows were equivalent after treatment with 42 nmol Bat-PA/kg or 42 nmol t-PA/kg, but the time to reach maximal flow for Bat-PA was approximately one half that of t-PA. Furthermore, the rapid restoration of flow by 42 nmol...
Visualization of penetrating transmural arteries in situ by monochromatic synchrotron radiation.
Authors: HMori, KHyodo, KTobita, MChujo, YShinozaki, YSugishita, MAndo
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDPenetrating transmural arteries with a diameter of < 500 microns are considered to be a critical vascular component that causes a transmural variation of myocardial blood flow under various pathophysiological conditions. However, the conventional coronary angiographic system is not oriented to the visualization of such small arteries as these.METHODS AND RESULTSWe magnified and monochromatized the inherently narrow beam (3 mm along the vertical direction) of synchrotron radiation by using an asymmetrically cut silicon crystal with 311 reflecting planes to obtain a monochromatic x-ray with relatively large beam size (60 x 25 mm) and with an energy of just above (+130 eV) the K-absorption edge of the contrast materials (33.17 and 37.41 ke V for iodine and barium, respectively). We irradiated dogs or excised hearts with the monochromatic x-ray and obtained coronary angiograms using an image intensifier and video system with a spatial resolution of 170 microns. In the anesthetized dog experiments, w...
Impact of compensatory enlargement of atherosclerotic coronary arteries on angiographic assessment of coronary artery disease.
Authors: G MStiel, L SStiel, JSchofer, KDonath, D GMathey
Journal: Circulation (1989)

To determine whether compensatory enlargement of atherosclerotic coronary arteries occurs and to what degree it affects the angiographic assessment of coronary artery disease, we performed postmortem coronary angiography of 30 human hearts with suspected coronary artery disease and studied 70 histologic cross sections of the proximal left anterior descending artery and proximal right coronary artery. Angiographic and morphometric analyses of 50 stenoses in proximal and middle sections of the left anterior descending artery, right coronary artery, and left circumflex artery were performed. The control group of 10 human hearts without suspected coronary artery disease was evaluated in the same way. For this purpose, coronary arteries were filled with a methylmethacrylic radiopaque resin at a pressure of 100 mm Hg and closely embedded in a methylmethacrylic resin by use of which shrinkage and mechanical artifacts could be avoided. The area circumscribed by the internal elastic lamina was taken as a measure o...
The Epidemiology of Psoriatic Arthritis Over Five Decades: A Population‐Based Study
Authors: Paras Karmacharya, Cynthia S. Crowson, Delamo Bekele, Sara J. Achenbach, John M. Davis, Alexis Ogdie, Alí Duarte‐García, Floranne C. Ernste, Hilal Maradit‐Kremers, Megha M. Tollefson, Kerry Wright
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2021)

To determine the incidence of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in a US population and describe trends in incidence and mortality over 5 decades.
TCTAP A-038 Comparison of Mid- to Long-term Outcomes Between Polymer-free Everolimus-eluting Stents and Sirolimus-eluting Stents in a Porcine Model
Authors: Dae Young Hyun, Myung-Ho Jeong, Doo Sun Sim, Dae Sung Park, Munki Kim, Xiongyi Han, Kyung Hoon Cho, Young Joon Hong, Youngkeun Ahn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)