tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevention and Control of Seasonal Influenza with Vaccines: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices — United States, 2019–20 Influenza Season
Authors: Lisa A. Grohskopf, Elif Alyanak, Karen R. Broder, Emmanuel B. Walter, Alicia M. Fry, Daniel B. Jernigan
Journal: MMWR Recommendations and Reports (2019)

This report updates the 2018-19 recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) regarding the use of seasonal influenza vaccines in the United States (MMWR Recomm Rep 2018;67[No. RR-3]). Routine annual influenza vaccination is recommended for all persons aged ≥6 months who do not have contraindications. A licensed, recommended, and age-appropriate vaccine should be used. Inactivated influenza vaccines (IIVs), recombinant influenza vaccine (RIV), and live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) are expected to be available for the 2019-20 season. Standard-dose, unadjuvanted, inactivated influenza vaccines will be available in quadrivalent formulations (IIV4s). High-dose (HD-IIV3) and adjuvanted (aIIV3) inactivated influenza vaccines will be available in trivalent formulations. Recombinant (RIV4) and live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV4) will be available in quadrivalent formulations.Updates to the recommendations described in this report reflect discussions during public meetings of ACIP held on October 25, 2018; February 27, 2019; and June 27, 2019. Primary updates in this report include the following two items. First, 2019-20 U.S. trivalent influenza vaccines will contain hemagglutinin (HA) derived from an A/Brisbane/02/2018 (H1N1)pdm09-like virus, an A/Kansas/14/2017 (H3N2)-like virus, and a B/Colorado/06/2017-like virus (Victoria lineage). Quadrivalent influenza vaccines will contain HA derived from these three viruses, and a B/Phuket/3073/2013-like virus (Yamagata lineage). Second, recent labeling changes for two IIV4s, Afluria Quadrivalent and Fluzone Quadrivalent, are discussed. The age indication for Afluria Quadrivalent has been expanded from ≥5 years to ≥6 months. The dose volume for Afluria Quadrivalent is 0.25 mL for children aged 6 through 35 months and 0.5 mL for all persons aged ≥36 months (≥3 years). The dose volume for Fluzone Quadrivalent for children aged 6 through 35 months, which was previously 0.25 mL, is now either 0.25 mL or 0.5 mL. The dose volume for Fluzone Quadrivalent is 0.5 mL for all persons aged ≥36 months (≥3 years).This report focuses on the recommendations for use of vaccines for the prevention and control of influenza during the 2019-20 season in the United States. A brief summary of these recommendations and a Background Document containing additional information are available at https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/acip-recs/vacc-specific/flu.html. These recommendations apply to U.S.-licensed influenza vaccines used within Food and Drug Administration-licensed indications. Updates and other information are available from CDC's influenza website (https://www.cdc.gov/flu). Vaccination and health care providers should check this site periodically for additional information.
David Oliver: Keeping care home residents out of hospital
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Keeping care home residents out of hospitalFew doctors working in acute medicine get through an on-take shift without seeing patients brought by ambulance from care homes.If it's distressing for us to witness, it's much more so for them.Sometimes a short hospital visit may be in a care home resident's interests, but often it's not.A recent systematic review showed common avoidable harms associated with residents' hospitalisation. 1 A deeper analysis of hospital admissions in Ireland 2 showed little added value for many residents.
Section J. TRAINING AT DIFFERENT AGES
Authors: L Komadel, S Gajer, P Havlicek, E Lanicek, T Ishiko, F Durusoy, H Ozgonul, F Kasch, Michael Pollock, Henry Miller, Ardell Linnerud, Chauncey Royster, William Smith, ? William, H Sonner, A Ismail1, D Corrigan2, D Macleod3
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1973)

In 1964 "Experimental sport schools" were created in 5 towns in Czechoslovakia, with specialisation in athletics, swimming and gymnastics.One of the aims was to allow deeper study of the problems of long term training in youth.Pupils aged 1 1-15 years were exercised from 9 to 15 hours weekly.We present detailed data of the correlations between training load, age, sporting skills and the various body measures, and of the overall effects of such training programmes.Experimental Sports Schools with specialization in track and fietcLathletics, swimming and gymnastics were created in 1964 in five towns of Czechoslovakia.The pupils, aged 1 1-15 years, exercised from 9 hours weekly at 1 1 years to 15 hours per week at 15.One of the aims of these schools was to study in depth the problems of sport preparation in youth.We examined the health, state of physical development, functional capacity, general physical fitness, sport efficiency, development of the personality and general educational problems of the sporting youth.During 1965-1969 we examined yearly 310 children.At the end of this period we had complete records of 263 children, 129 boys and 134 girls.The group was composed of 88 track runners, 95 swimmers and 80 gymnasts.dependent upon physical development, but in girls several values were near to statistical significance, body proportionality reached the border of significance (p < 0.05).We examined also the correlation of sports efficiency to fitness tests (run 50 m and 300 m, standing long copyright.
Die Unfruchtbarmachung aus rassenhygienischen und sozialen Gründen.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Gleanings from Science
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Platforming youth voices in planetary health leadership and advocacy: an untapped reservoir for changemaking
Authors: Rohan Arora, Ellery T Spikes, Cleo F Waxman-Lee, Roma Arora
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2022)

Although there was an effort to include diverse voices at the 2021 UN Climate Change Conference (COP26), many youths’ pleas for ambitious climate action were not met in the updated commitments, highlighting the reality that time at the podium does not necessarily influence the key policy and finance decisions that shape our climate-dependent future.
Local sleep
Authors: James M. Krueger, Joseph T. Nguyen, Cheryl J. Dykstra-Aiello, Ping Taishi
Journal: Sleep Medicine Reviews (2018)

The historic sleep regulatory paradigm invokes "top-down" imposition of sleep on the brain by sleep regulatory circuits. While remaining conceptually useful, many sleep phenomena are difficult to explain using that paradigm, including, unilateral sleep, sleep-walking, and poor performance after sleep deprivation. Further, all animals sleep after non-lethal brain lesions, regardless of whether the lesion includes sleep regulatory circuits, suggesting that sleep is a fundamental property of small viable neuronal/glial networks. That small areas of the brain can exhibit non-rapid eye movement sleep-like states is summarized. Further, sleep-like states in neuronal/glial cultures are described. The local sleep states, whether in vivo or in vitro, share electrophysiological properties and molecular regulatory components with whole animal sleep and exhibit sleep homeostasis. The molecular regulatory components of sleep are also involved in plasticity and inflammation. Like sleep, these processes, are initiated by local cell-activity dependent events, yet have at higher levels of tissue organization whole body functions. While there are large literatures dealing with local initiation and regulation of plasticity and inflammation, the literature surrounding local sleep is in its infancy and clinical applications of the local sleep concept are absent. Regardless, the local use-dependent sleep paradigm can advise and advance future research and clinical applications.
Erratum
Authors: Albert R La Spada, Ying-Hui Fu, Bryce L Sopher, Randell T Libby, Xuejiao Wang, Lili Y Li, David D Einum, Jing Huang, Daniel E Possin, Annette C Smith, Refugio A Martinez, Kari L Koszdin, Piper M Treuting, Carol B Ware, James B Hurley, Louis J Ptáček, Shiming Chen
Journal: Neuron (2001)
A new structure.
Journal: BMJ (1968)

PointersRubella in Pregnancy: Large P.H.L.S. survey indicates that immunity to rubella is high after past infection; the value of protective effect of immunoglobulin is obscured by this.Problem of selection and rapid treatment of at-risk patient remains unsolved (p.203) ; majority of pooled plasma samples contain rubella antibody (p.206); Leader at p. 199.Pillow Suffocation: Contribution of respiratory obstruction to death in infants is variable, and can depend on child's degree of debility, its facial contours, and the texture of the pillow (p.209).Strokes in Pregnancy: Majority due to arterial disease unrelated to thrombosis of intracranial venous system.Importance of differentiation stressed, since early disobliterative artery surgery may be possible (p.214).Coagulation and the " Pill": Increases in factor VII and factor X occurred in women taking two different strengths of low-dose oral contra-
Myopia
Authors: Paul N. Baird, Seang-Mei Saw, Carla Lanca, Jeremy A. Guggenheim, Earl L. Smith III, Xiangtian Zhou, Kyoko-Ohno Matsui, Pei-Chang Wu, Padmaja Sankaridurg, Audrey Chia, Mohamad Rosman, Ecosse L. Lamoureux, Ryan Man, Mingguang He
Journal: Nature Reviews Disease Primers (2020)
Monogenic Autoimmunity
Authors: Mickie H. Cheng, Mark S. Anderson
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (2012)

Monogenic autoimmune syndromes provide a rare yet powerful glimpse into the fundamental mechanisms of immunologic tolerance. Such syndromes reveal not only the contribution of an individual breakpoint in tolerance but also patterns in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity. Disturbances in innate immunity, a system built for ubiquitous sensing of danger signals, tend to generate systemic autoimmunity. For example, defects in the clearance of self-antigens and chronic stimulation of type 1 interferons lead to the systemic autoimmunity seen in C1q deficiency, SPENCDI, and AGS. In contrast, disturbances of adaptive immunity, which is built for antigen specificity, tend to produce organ-specific autoimmunity. Thus, the loss of lymphocyte homeostasis, whether through defects in apoptosis, suppression, or negative selection, leads to organ-specific autoimmunity in ALPS, IPEX, and APS1. We discuss the unique mechanisms of disease in these prominent syndromes as well as how they contribute to the spectrum of organ-specific or systemic autoimmunity. The continued study of rare variants in autoimmune disease will inform future investigations and treatments directed at rare and common autoimmune diseases alike.
Urinary incontinence in women.
Journal: BMJ (1972)

metabolism was studied in vitro.Rapid ingestion of food was accompanied by an increase in the incorporation of isotope-labelled pyruvate into glyceride-glycerol and fatty acids, as well as by increased activity of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.These results suggest enhanced lipogenesis during a gorging regimen.Though the evidence is by no means conclusive, this study provides a further indication that taking infrequent meals may be associated with a ten- dency to obesity and hyperlipidaemia.The modern Western tendency is to eat a large proportion of the day's calories at one evening meal.Though infrequent feeding is probably not pathogenic in itself, it may become so when combined with a high-calorie intake and a low-energy expenditure.Whether or not the high incidence of atherosclerosis which afflicts man, and which has been correlated with serum lipid levels, can be influenced by alteration of the pattern of food intake is at present unknown, but this question deserves further study.
Craniopharyngioma
Authors: Hermann L. Müller
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2014)

Abstract This report is a review of findings on the diagnosis, treatment, clinical course, and prognosis of craniopharyngioma patients. Craniopharyngiomas are rare, partly cystic and calcified embryonic malformations of the sellar/parasellar region with low histological grade (WHO I°). A bimodal age distribution has been shown, with peak incidence rates in childhood-onset at 5–14 years and adult-onset craniopharyngioma at 50–74 years. Clinical manifestations are related to hypothalamic/pituitary deficiencies, visual impairment, and increased intracranial pressure. If the tumor is favorably localized, the therapy of choice is complete resection, with care taken to preserve optical and hypothalamic functions. In patients with unfavorable tumor localization (ie, hypothalamic involvement), recommended therapy is a limited hypothalamus-sparing surgical strategy followed by local irradiation. Although overall survival rates are high (92%), recurrences and progressions are frequent. Irradiation has proven effective in reducing recurrences and progression, and timing of postsurgical irradiation in childhood-onset cases is currently under investigation in a randomized multinational trial (KRANIOPHARYNGEOM 2007). Anatomical involvement and/or surgical lesions of posterior hypothalamic areas can result in serious quality of life-compromising sequelae such as hypothalamic obesity, psychopathological symptoms, and/or cognitive problems. It is crucial that craniopharyngioma be managed as a frequently chronic disease, providing ongoing care of pediatric and adult patients' clinical and quality of life consequences by experienced multidisciplinary teams.
Association News.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Current Learning Theory Approach to the Etiology and Course of Anxiety and Related Disorders
Authors: Richard E. Zinbarg, Alexander L. Williams, Susan Mineka
Journal: Annual Review of Clinical Psychology (2022)

The authors describe how contemporary learning theory and research provide the basis for models of the etiology and maintenance of anxiety and related disorders. They argue that contemporary learning theory accounts for much of the complexity associated with individual differences in the development and course of these disorders. These insights from modern research on learning overcome the limitations of earlier behavioral approaches, which were overly simplistic and have been justifiably criticized. The authors show how considerations of early learning histories and temperamental vulnerabilities affect the short- and long-term likelihood that experiences with stressful events will lead to the development of anxiety disorders. They also discuss how contextual variables during and after stressful learning experiences influence the maintenance of anxiety disorder symptoms. Thus, contemporary learning models provide a rich and nuanced understanding of the etiology and course of anxiety and related disorders.
NEW APPOINTMENT AND PROMOTION POLICY FOR ARMY MEDICAL RESERVES
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Preventive Dental Care and Oral Health of Children and Adolescents With and Without Heart Conditions — United States, 2016–2019
Authors: Karrie F. Downing, Lorena Espinoza, Matthew E. Oster, Sherry L. Farr
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2022)

Approximately 900,000 U.S. children have heart conditions, such as congenital heart disease (1). These children might be at increased risk for life-threatening infective endocarditis from oral bacteria in the bloodstream (2). Therefore, preventive dental care (i.e., check-ups, dental cleaning, radiographs, fluoride treatment, or sealant) to maintain oral health is important. Oral health status and receipt of preventive dental care were compared between children with heart conditions (2,928) and without (116,826) using population-based 2016-2019 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) data. Approximately 83% of children with and 80% without heart conditions received preventive dental care in the past year (p = 0.06). Children with heart conditions were more likely than were those without to have poor oral health (17.2% versus 13.7%; p = 0.02) and teeth in fair or poor condition (9.9% versus 5.3%; p<0.01). Among those with a heart condition, having low household income; an intellectual or developmental disability; and no well-child visit or medical home were associated with poor oral health. Receipt of preventive dental care was higher among children aged ≥6 years and those with insurance. Public health practitioners and health care providers can implement strategies (e.g., parent and patient education and collaboration between pediatricians, dentists, and cardiologists) to improve oral health and care among children with heart conditions, especially those with fewer resources and intellectual or developmental disabilities.
Cardioembolic Stroke
Authors: Hooman Kamel, Jeff S. Healey
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

Cardiac embolism accounts for an increasing proportion of ischemic strokes and might multiply several-fold during the next decades. However, research points to several potential strategies to stem this expected rise in cardioembolic stroke. First, although one-third of strokes are of unclear cause, it is increasingly accepted that many of these cryptogenic strokes arise from a distant embolism rather than in situ cerebrovascular disease, leading to the recent formulation of embolic stroke of undetermined source as a distinct target for investigation. Second, recent clinical trials have indicated that embolic stroke of undetermined source may often stem from subclinical atrial fibrillation, which can be diagnosed with prolonged heart rhythm monitoring. Third, emerging evidence indicates that a thrombogenic atrial substrate can lead to atrial thromboembolism even in the absence of atrial fibrillation. Such an atrial cardiomyopathy may explain many cases of embolic stroke of undetermined source, and oral anticoagulant drugs may prove to reduce stroke risk from atrial cardiomyopathy given its parallels to atrial fibrillation. Non–vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant drugs have recently expanded therapeutic options for preventing cardioembolic stroke and are currently being tested for stroke prevention in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source, including specifically those with atrial cardiomyopathy. Fourth, increasing appreciation of thrombogenic atrial substrate and the common coexistence of cardiac and extracardiac stroke risk factors suggest benefits from global vascular risk factor management in addition to anticoagulation. Finally, improved imaging of ventricular thrombus plus the availability of non–vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant drugs may lead to better prevention of stroke from acute myocardial infarction and heart failure.