tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors for COVID‐19 and Rheumatic Disease Flare in a US Cohort of Latino Patients
Authors: Alice Fike, Julia Hartman, Christopher Redmond, Sandra G. Williams, Yanira Ruiz‐Perdomo, Jun Chu, Sarfaraz Hasni, Michael M. Ward, James D. Katz, Pravitt Gourh
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2021)

Objective Latino patients are overrepresented among cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) and are at an increased risk of severe disease. Prevalence of COVID‐19 in Latinos with rheumatic diseases is poorly reported. This study was undertaken to characterize COVID‐19 clinical features and outcomes in Latino patients with rheumatic diseases. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of Latino patients with rheumatic diseases from an existing observational cohort in the Washington, DC area. Patients seen between April 1, 2020 and October 15, 2020 were analyzed in this study. We reviewed demographic characteristics, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, and use of immunomodulatory therapies. An exploratory classification and regression tree (CART) analysis along with logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for COVID‐19 and rheumatic disease flare. Results Of 178 Latino patients with rheumatic diseases, 32 (18%) were identified as having COVID‐19, and the incidence rate of infection was found to be 3‐fold higher than in the general Latino population. No patients required intensive care unit–level care. A CART analysis and multivariable logistic regression analysis identified a BMI of &gt;30.35 as a risk factor for COVID‐19 (odds ratio [OR] 3.37 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.5–7.7]; P = 0.004). COVID‐19 positivity was a risk factor for rheumatic disease flare (OR 4.57 [95% CI 1.2–17.4]; P = 0.02). Conclusion Our findings indicate that Latino patients with rheumatic diseases have a higher rate of COVID‐19 compared with the general Latino population. Obesity is a risk factor for COVID‐19, and COVID‐19 is a risk factor for rheumatic disease flare. Latino patients with risk factors should be closely followed up, especially post–COVID‐19 in anticipation of disease flare.
Renal tubule Cpt1a overexpression protects from kidney fibrosis by restoring mitochondrial homeostasis
Authors: Verónica Miguel, Jessica Tituaña, J. Ignacio Herrero, Laura Herrero, Dolors Serra, Paula Cuevas, Coral Barbas, Diego Rodríguez Puyol, Laura Márquez-Expósito, Marta Ruiz-Ortega, Carolina Castillo, Xin Sheng, Katalin Susztak, Miguel Ruiz-Canela, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Miguel A. Martínez González, Sagrario Ortega, Ricardo Ramos, Santiago Lamas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2021)

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains a major epidemiological, clinical, and biomedical challenge. During CKD, renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) present a persistent inﬂammatory and profibrotic response. Fatty acid oxidation (FAO), the main source of energy for TECs, is reduced in kidney fibrosis and contributes to its pathogenesis. To determine whether gain of function in FAO (FAO-GOF) could protect from fibrosis, we generated a conditional transgenic mouse model with overexpression of the fatty acid shuttling enzyme carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1A (CPT1A) in TECs. Cpt1a-knockin (CPT1A-KI) mice subjected to 3 models of renal fibrosis (unilateral ureteral obstruction, folic acid nephropathy [FAN], and adenine-induced nephrotoxicity) exhibited decreased expression of fibrotic markers, a blunted proinflammatory response, and reduced epithelial cell damage and macrophage influx. Protection from fibrosis was also observed when Cpt1a overexpression was induced after FAN. FAO-GOF restored oxidative metabolism and mitochondrial number and enhanced bioenergetics, increasing palmitate oxidation and ATP levels, changes that were also recapitulated in TECs exposed to profibrotic stimuli. Studies in patients showed decreased CPT1 levels and increased accumulation of short- and middle-chain acylcarnitines, reflecting impaired FAO in human CKD. We propose that strategies based on FAO-GOF may constitute powerful alternatives to combat fibrosis inherent to CKD.
AB0098 Gallium scans and polymialgia rheumatica
Authors: M Castellanos Duarte, N Navarro, MC Garcia, C Galisteo, M Sanmartí, MP Lisbona, C Alegre
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> <h3>Objectives</h3> We evaluated utility of gallium scintigraphy to the diagnose of polymialgia rheumatica (RPM). <h3>Methods</h3> Gallium scans were performed in 7 patients (5 women, 2 men) diagnosed RPM according to American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria. Mean age were 65 years. Temporal pulses were palpable in all of them. All were taking corticosteroids. None of patients had any other known or clinically inflammatory or granulomatous disease. Scintigraphy with gallium is non-invasive diacritic procedure that could help to locate the vasculitic process. All scintigraphies were performed in the Nuclear Medicine Unit of Clinica Platon. <h3>Results</h3> Scintrigraphy of temporal region don't show an uptake of gallium radionuclide in this localizatión. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Gallium scans confirmed that patients were correctly diagnosed of RPM, because we didn't see an uptake of studied area, like in temporal arteritis due to the granulomatous vasculitic process.
Patient-reported outcomes of breastcancer patients during the COVID-19 outbreak in theepicenter of China: A cross-sectional survey study
Authors: J. Li, C. A. Santa-Maria, H. Feng, L. Wang, P. Zhang, Y. Xu, Y. Tan, Z. Liu, B. Du, M. Lan, Q. Yang, F. Yao, Y. Tu, S. Sun, X. Li, C. Chen
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

Purpose: We aimed to analyze the psychological status of breast cancer (BC) patients in the epicenter of theCOVID-19 pandemic  Patients and Methods: A total of 658 individuals were recruited from multiple breast cancer centers in HubeiProvince  Online questionnaires were conducted and included demographic information, clinical features, and fourpatient-reported outcomes (PROs) scales (GAP-7, PHQ-9, ISI, and IES-R)  Multivariable logistic regression analysis was designed to identify potential factors on mental health outcomes  Results: Questionnaires were collected from February 16 to 19, 2020, the peak time point of COVID-19 outbreak inChina  46 2% of BC patients had to modify planned necessary anticancer treatment during the outbreak  8 9% and9 3% of patients reported severe anxiety and severe depression, respectively  20 8% and 4 0% of patients showedsevere distress and insomnia, respectively  Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated poor generalcondition, shorter duration after BC diagnosis, aggressive BC molecular subtypes, and close contact with COVID-19patients as independent factors associated with anxiety  Poor general condition and CVC (central venous catheter)flushing delay were factors independently associated with depression  In terms of insomnia, poor general condition was the only associated independent factor  Poor physical condition and treatment discontinuation were underlyingrisk factors for distress based on multivariable analysis  Conclusion: High rates of anxiety, depression, distress, and insomnia were observed in patients with breast cancerduring the COVID-19 outbreak  Special attention should be paid to the psychological status of breast cancerpatients, especially those with poor general condition, treatment discontinuation, aggressive molecular subtypes, and metastatic breast cancer
Gun Safety for Children
Authors: Alexandra Byrne, Melanie Gross Hagen, Lindsay Thompson
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2021)

Gun Safety for ChildrenGuns are the number 1 cause of death for children and teenagers in the US.Approximately every 40 minutes, a child or teenager is injured by a gun.Children who live in a home with a gun are at 2 times the risk of homicide and 3 times the risk of suicide.Increased gun sales and isolation during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic increase the risk of youth gun-related injuries.Caregivers can prevent gun-related injuries by talking to their children about gun safety and removing guns from the home or safely storing guns if they are present.
A phase Ib/II, multicenter, open-label, dose-escalation, and dose-expansion study evaluating trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd, DS-8201) monotherapy and combinations in patients with HER2-overexpressing gastric cancer (DESTINY-Gastric03).
Authors: Yelena Y. Janjigian, Natasha Viglianti, Feng Liu, Ariadna Mendoza-Naranjo, Liz Croydon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

TPS261 Background: For patients (pts) with HER2-overexpressing metastatic gastric cancer, trastuzumab + chemotherapy is a standard first-line option but provides only a modest overall survival (OS) benefit vs chemotherapy. T-DXd is an antibody-drug conjugate consisting of an anti-HER2 antibody, cleavable tetrapeptide-based linker, and a membrane-permeable topoisomerase I inhibitor payload. Results from a phase 1 trial showed promising antitumor activity (confirmed objective response rate [ORR], 43.2%) in pts with heavily pretreated HER2+ metastatic gastric cancer who received T-DXd (5.4 or 6.4 mg/kg; Shitara K, et al. Lancet Oncol. 2019;20:827-836). Here we describe the phase 1b/2 DESTINY-Gastric03 trial (NCT04379596) evaluating T-DXd monotherapy and combinations in pts with HER2-overexpressing gastric cancer. Methods: This is an open-label, multicenter, 2-part, phase 1b/2 study in pts with HER2-overexpressing (immunohistochemistry [IHC] 3+ or IHC 2+/in situ hybridization positive) locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer. In part 1 (dose escalation), pts who had received prior trastuzumab-containing therapy will be assigned to 1 of 5 arms: (1) T-DXd + 5-fluorouracil (5-FU); (2) T-DXd + capecitabine (C); (3) T-DXd + durvalumab; (4) T-DXd + 5-FU or C + oxaliplatin (Ox); or (5) T-DXd + 5-FU or C + durvalumab. In part 2 (dose expansion), pts with no prior treatment for metastatic disease will be randomized across 4 arms: (1) T-DXd; (2) trastuzumab + 5-FU or C + Ox or cisplatin; (3) T-DXd + 5-FU or C ± Ox; or (4) T-DXd + 5-FU or C + durvalumab. In part 2, pts will be stratified by HER2 status. Primary endpoints are safety, determination of recommended phase 2 doses (part 1), and investigator-assessed confirmed ORR per RECIST v1.1 (part 2). Secondary endpoints include confirmed ORR (part 1), disease control rate, duration of response, progression-free survival (all per investigator), OS, safety (part 2), pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity. Clinical trial information: NCT04379596.
Abstract P311: Individual Characteristics of Resilience Are Associated With Lower-Than-Expected Neighborhood Rates of Cardiovascular Disease in African-Americans: Results From the Morehouse-Emory Cardiovascular (MECA) Center for Health Equity Study
Authors: Matthew L Topel, Junjun Xu, Peter Baltrus, Viola Vaccarino, Mahasin S Mujahid, Arshed A Quyyumi, Herman A Taylor, Tene T Lewis
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Background: Excess rates of cardiovascular (CV) disease in African-Americans, relative to Whites, have been well-documented. However, factors promoting CV health in the face of high risk, i.e. CV resilience, are unknown and may identify novel areas for intervention in reducing racial health disparities. Methods: Using data obtained from the Georgia Hospital Association, we identified age-, sex-, and income-matched neighborhoods (census tracts) in Atlanta, GA, with higher-than-expected (“high risk") or lower-than-expected (“low risk") rates of CV morbidity and mortality for African-Americans from 2010-2014. African-Americans from low risk (N = 742) and high risk (N = 753) neighborhoods were surveyed. Several domains of psychosocial well-being and neighborhood quality were assessed as features of resilience, in addition to individual demographic, socioeconomic and medical history variables. Ordinal logistic regression was used to determine odds of resilient characteristics among individuals living in neighborhoods at low versus high risk. Results: After adjustment for age, sex, household income, education, marital status and occupation, African-Americans living in low compared to high risk neighborhoods reported better overall neighborhood quality (odds ratio [OR] 1.25; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01, 1.57), driven by better aesthetic quality (OR 1.42; CI 1.17, 1.73), more safety (OR 1.34; CI 1.10, 1.62), absence of violence (OR 1.42; CI 1.10, 1.83) and better access to healthy foods (OR 1.50; CI 1.24, 1.82). Additionally, individuals from low compared to high risk neighborhoods reported greater environmental mastery (OR 1.33; CI 1.03, 1.71), purpose in life (OR 1.22, CI 1.01, 1.48), optimism (OR 1.28; CI 1.05, 1.55) and resilient coping (OR 1.33; CI 1.04, 1.70), while also reporting less depressive symptoms (OR 0.78; CI 0.63, 0.98). There were no reported differences in CV risk factors or disease, religious practices, spirituality or experiences of discrimination between low and high risk neighborhoods. Conclusions: African-Americans living in neighborhoods at lower risk for CVD morbidity and mortality reported better neighborhood quality and psychosocial well-being than individuals from neighborhoods at higher risk. Neighborhood and personal psychosocial determinants of health may confer resilience to CVD in African-American individuals and communities.
FDG PET/CT of an Advanced Case of Malignant Nerve Sheath Tumor of Pleura
Authors: Bahare Saidi, Babak Fallahi, Anahid Abdi, Nasser Rakhshani, Mohammad Eftekhari
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2021)

We present a rare case of malignant nerve sheath tumor of pleura referred for the evaluation of metastases and local invasion. FDG PET/CT demonstrated a hypermetabolic tumoral lesion extensively involving the right pleura with no involvement of mediastinal structures or pulmonary parenchyma and no clear evidence of distant metastasis. Malignant nerve sheath tumor of pleura is an extremely rare entity, and FDG PET/CT is valuable in demonstrating the extent of disease and can have potential role for postsurgical as well as postchemotherapy assessment of possible residual disease.
Abstract 16430: Activation of AT2 Receptor by NP-6A4 Improves Cardiac Function by Inducing a Novel Cardio-Reparative Protein-Micro RNA Network in Zucker Obese Rats With Untreated Obesity and Diabetes
Authors: Madhavi P Gavini, Abuzar Mahmood, Anthony M Belenchia, Paige Beauparlant, Senthil Kumar, Sivakumar Ardhanari, Vincent G DeMarco, Lakshmi Pulakat
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Introduction and Hypothesis: Clinical evidence demonstrates that the cardiac pathology caused by diabetes and obesity is unique and distinct presenting with elevated E/e’ ratio (predictor of left v...
ACE2 abrogates tumor resistance to VEGFR inhibitors suggesting angiotensin-(1-7) as a therapy for clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Prateek Khanna, Hong Jie Soh, Chun-Hau Chen, Ruchi Saxena, Seema Amin, Maura Naughton, Patrick Neset Joslin, Andrew Moore, Ziad Bakouny, Carol O’Callaghan, Paul Catalano, Sabina Signoretti, Rana McKay, Toni K. Choueiri, Manoj Bhasin, Thomas Walther, Rupal S. Bhatt
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2021)

Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is an enzyme that belongs to the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and antagonizes the classical angiotensin (Ang) II/angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) receptor pathway. Here, we report that higher ACE2 expression correlates with better overall survival in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Moreover, ACE2 has inhibitory effects on tumor proliferation in ccRCC in vitro and in preclinical animal models of ccRCC. We further show that Ang-(1-7), a heptapeptide generated by ACE2, is the likely mediator of this effect. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (VEGFR-TKI) treatment of ccRCC xenografts decreased ACE2 expression, and combination treatment with VEGFR-TKI and Ang-(1-7) generated additive suppression of tumor growth and improved survival outcomes. Last, the addition of Ang-(1-7) to programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway inhibitor and VEGFR-TKI showed further growth suppression in an immunocompetent RCC model. Together, these results suggest that targeting the ACE2/Ang-(1-7) axis is a promising therapeutic strategy against ccRCC.
Pomegranate bioactive constituents target multiple oncogenic and oncosuppressive signaling for cancer prevention and intervention
Authors: Tin Lok Wong, Kayla R. Strandberg, Courtney R. Croley, Sarah E. Fraser, Kalyan C. Nagulapalli Venkata, Carmela Fimognari, Gautam Sethi, Anupam Bishayee
Journal: Seminars in Cancer Biology (2021)
THU0181 Clinical results of an open labelled evaluation of the treatment with infliximab in therapy resistant rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: M Spak, E Cauza, U Hanusch, G Haberhauer, A Dunky
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of the chimeric anti tumour nekrosis factor alpha (TNFa) antibody Infliximab in therapy resistant rheumatoid arthritis (RA). <h3>Objectives</h3> <h3>Methods</h3> 22 patients (mean age 59 years, mean duration of disease 9,5 years) with active RA, according to the ACR criteria, which were therapy resistant to two and more disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), including MTX, received 3 infusions of 3 mg/kg Infliximab at week 0, 2 and 6. Nine patients have been observed over a period of 30 weeks (0, 2, 6, 14, 22, 30). Standard clinical and laboratory assessments, including swollen joint count (SJC), tender joint count (TJC), morning stiffness (MST), visual analogue scale of patient pain assessment (VAS), C- reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were evaluated at baseline and at any time of drug administration. <h3>Results</h3> After 3 infusions 65% of the patients achieved an 20% response (ACR 20). All clinical and laboratory assessments showed a significant improvement [SJC 10,2 before (B) vs.3,2 after 3 infusions (A), p = 0,001, TJC 26,6 (B) vs.9,1 (A), p = 0,001, MST 101,2 min (B) vs. 36,8 min (A), p = 0,002, CRP 26,9 mg/dl (B) vs. 17 mg/dl (A), p = 0,015, ESR 56,6 mm (B) vs. 31,2 mm (A), p = 0,001, VAS 7,4 (B) vs. 4,1 (A)]. Only mild adverse events but no severe infections occurred in the observation period. After 30 weeks 44% maintained an ACR 20 response. A sustained improvement of clinical and laboratory assessments was observed. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Infliximab seems to be an effective and safe treatment of therapy resistant active RA with a sustained improvement in clinical and laboratory assessments over a period of 30 weeks.
Covid-19: Biden launches national plan based on “science and public health alone”
Authors: Janice Hopkins Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2021)

facilities such as the Veterans Affairs hospitals, community health centres, rural health clinics, critical access hospitals, doctors' offices, health systems, urgent care centres, and also mobile clinics and on-site occupational clinics.The plan also calls for using the Defense Production Act to increase the manufacture of vaccines, personal protective equipment, and vaccination supplies such as bottles for the vaccine, stoppers, and injection syringes.The act requires businesses to prioritise materials needed for national defence. 1 National strategy for the covid-19 response and pandemic preparedness.https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/National-Strategy-for-the-COVID-19-Response-and-Pandemic-Preparedness.pdf.
Trimethoprim–Sulfamethoxazole–associated Fulminant Respiratory Failure in Children and Young Adults
Authors: Jenna O. Miller, Angela R. Shih, Mari Mino-Kenudson, Martin S. Taylor, Jennifer L. Goldman
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2021)

"Trimethoprim–Sulfamethoxazole–associated Fulminant Respiratory Failure in Children and Young Adults." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 203(7), pp. 918–921
Abstract 12515: A Clinical Decision Aid to Identify Emergency Department Patients With Atrial Fibrillation at Low Risk for 30-Day Adverse Events
Authors: Tyler W Barrett, Alan B Storrow, Cathy A Jenkins, Robert L Abraham, Dandan Liu, Karen F Miller, Kelly Moser, Stephan Russ, Dan M Roden, Frank E Harrell, Dawood Darbar
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) affects millions of Americans and is associated with $26 billion in healthcare costs, largely driven by frequent hospitalizations. Over 70% of patients hospit...
Authorized Generics and Their Evolving Role in Prescription Drug Pricing and Access
Authors: Stacie B. Dusetzina, Nancy L. Keating, Haiden A. Huskamp
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2021)

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Unusual endoscopic findings in an immunosuppressed patient
Authors: Victoria Alejandra Jimenez-Garcia, Rafael Romero-Castro, Juan Rios-Martin, Federico Argüelles-Arias, Adoracion Valiente-Mendez, Pedro Hergueta-Delgado, Angel Caunedo-Alvarez
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Immunosuppressed patients are susceptible to infections by opportunistic agents such as Leishmania that could cause visceral leishmaniasis with gastrointestinal involvement in up to 10 % of cases.