tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The distribution of blood rheological parameters in the microvasculature of cat mesentery.
Authors: H HLipowsky, SKovalcheck, B WZweifach
Journal: Circulation Research (1978)

In vivo studies of the rheological behavior of blood in the microcirculation were conducted by direct in situ measurements in cat mesentery. Upstream to downstream pressure drops were measured in unbranched arterioles, capillaries, and venules, with diameters from 7 to 58 micrometer. Simultaneous measurements of red cell velocity and vessel geometry facilitated computation of bulk velocity, pressure gradient, apparent viscosity, wall shear stress, and resistance. Arteriovenous distributions of these parameters revealed the following. Maximum pressure gradient (0.015 cm H20/micrometer) occurs in the true capillaries (7 micrometer in diameter); intravascular wall shear stress averaged 47.1 dynes/cm2 in arterioles and 29.0 dynes/cm2 in venules. Extreme values as great as 200 dynes/cm2 were observed in a few shunting arterioles. Apparent viscosity averaged 3.59 cP in arterioles, 5.15 cP in venules, and 4.22 cP overall. Intravascular resistance per unit length of microvessel varied with luminal diameter as a p...
THE EFFECT OF FACIAL NERVE PARESIS ON SEBUM EXCRETION
Authors: J. L. BURTON, W. J. CUNLIFFE, IRENE G. G. SAUNDERS, SAM SHUSTER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1971)

Journal Article THE EFFECT OF FACIAL NERVE PARESIS ON SEBUM EXCRETION Get access J. L. BURTON, J. L. BURTON University Department of Dermatology, Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. J. CUNLIFFE, W. J. CUNLIFFE University Department of Dermatology, Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar IRENE G. G. SAUNDERS, IRENE G. G. SAUNDERS University Department of Dermatology, Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar SAM SHUSTER SAM SHUSTER University Department of Dermatology, Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 84, Issue 2, 1 February 1971, Pages 135–138, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1971.tb06856.x Published: 01 February 1971 Article history Accepted: 16 October 1970 Published: 01 February 1971
CD39 Expression Defines Cell Exhaustion in Tumor-Infiltrating CD8+ T Cells—Letter
Authors: Martin Thelen, Axel Lechner, Kerstin Wennhold, Michael von Bergwelt-Baildon, Hans A. Schlößer
Journal: Cancer Research (2018)

With great interest we read the article "CD39 Expression Defines Cell Exhaustion in Tumor-Infiltrating CD8+ T Cells" published by Canale and colleagues in Cancer Research (1). Previously, expression of CD39 has been described mainly for regulatory T cells (2) and the relevance of CD39 as a mechanism of immune escape in cancer was further highlighted by observation that CD39 is expressed on cancer cells (3). Because exhausted T cells, the target population of immune checkpoint inhibition, do not express high levels of CD39 (4), it might be a promising strategy to create a synergistic effect between immune checkpoint inhibition and CD39 targeting, thereby improving efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibition in cancer.The authors observed that a subset of CD8+ T cells expresses the ATP-ecto-nucleotidase CD39 at similar levels as regulatory T cells. This CD8+CD39+ T-cell subset is enriched in tumor samples and almost absent in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) or nonmetastatic tumor draining lymph nodes. Interestingly, enrichment of CD8+CD39+ T cells seems to be a common feature of preclinical tumor models (B16F10 and B16F10-OVA melanoma and MCA-OVA fibrosarcoma) as well as human melanoma and breast cancer. CD8+CD39+ T cells increased with tumor progression in the B16F10-OVA melanoma model. These cells were present in parental B16F10 melanoma, but the fraction was generally higher in highly immunogenic tumors expressing ovalbumin.Although the presented study provides first evidence for a relevance of this cellular subset in human cancer, the data are limited to breast cancer and lymph node metastases of melanoma. We analyzed relevance of this highly interesting T-cell subset in four additional tumor entities. We could confirm presence of CD8+CD39+ T cells in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, non–small cell lung cancer, and gastric adenocarcinoma (Fig. 1). In our opinion, the present study lacks a comparison with normal healthy tissue, which we provide in this letter. In accordance with data from PBMCs, CD8+CD39+ T cells were significantly decreased in healthy normal mucosa compared with three of the four tumor entities. Our own data further support relevance of this T-cell subset in four additional types of cancer and we demonstrate that this subset is highly specific for the tumor microenvironment regardless of the tumor origin. Taken together, the presented study and our data provide further translation evidence for clinical application of CD39 inhibition in basket trials.See the Response, p. 5175No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.This work was supported by a German Research Foundation grant (325827080 to H.A. Schlößer) and a Wilhelm Sander research grant (to H.A. Schlößer).
Fibrillar collagen and remodeling of dilated canine left ventricle.
Authors: K TWeber, RPick, M ASilver, G WMoe, J SJanicki, I HZucker, P WArmstrong
Journal: Circulation (1990)

To test the hypothesis that in the failing volume-overloaded ventricle, the extracellular matrix and fibrillar collagen in particular are major determinants of the architectural remodeling of the myocardium, this histopathological study of the dilated, postmortem canine left ventricle secondary to rapid ventricular pacing or aortocaval fistula was undertaken. Using the picrosirius-polarization technique to enhance collagen birefringence, we sought to examine the structural integrity of the collagen matrix and interstitium. In the dilated failing ventricle secondary to rapid pacing, we found 1) interstitial edema and a disruption or disappearance of collagen fibers that were apparent within 6 hours of pacing, persisted for weeks, and subsequently were associated with muscle fiber disorganization within the endomyocardium, 2) interstitial fibrosis that was present in the midwall and epimyocardium with chronic pacing, and 3) an early remodeling of intramyocardial coronary arteries that included medial swelli...
Spontaneous rupture of the oesophagus.
Authors: P K Sarkar, A J Levine
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Articles 0. L. Miller2 and R. W. Butler3 have both suggested a low- grade' infection of the joint or adjacent bone.This is some- times strongly suggested by circumstantial evidence, particu- larly in the more persistent or recurrent cases.E. G. Edwards's4 suggestion of an allergic hypersensitivity reaction may account for some of the more transient examples.In a
A recombinant, chimeric enzyme with a novel mechanism of action leading to greater potency and selectivity than tissue-type plasminogen activator.
Authors: J HRobinson, M JBrowne, J ECarey, P DChamberlain, C GChapman, D WCronk, IDodd, CEntwisle, A FEsmail, S BKalindjian
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDEarly intervention with thrombolytic agents has been shown unequivocally to reduce mortality after acute myocardial infarction. Presently used agents have disadvantages such as short half-life, immunogenicity, hypotension, and bleeding complications. Therefore, there is a need to develop improved thrombolytic drugs with novel mechanisms of action leading to improved properties.METHODS AND RESULTSHybrid plasminogen/tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) complementary DNA was constructed and expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. The chimeric protein, comprising the fibrin-binding domains of plasminogen covalently linked to the catalytic domain of t-PA, was purified and evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The hybrid was inhibited rapidly in human and animal plasmas. The mediator of this rapid inhibition was shown to be alpha 2-antiplasmin. The active center of the hybrid could be protected by reversible active center acylation with a novel inverse acylating agent, 4'-amidinophenyl-4-chloroanthran...
Uncovering the dosage-dependent roles of <i>Arid1a</i> in gastric tumorigenesis for combinatorial drug therapy
Authors: Adrian Kwan Ho Loe, Roshane Francis, Jieun Seo, Lutao Du, Yunshan Wang, Ji-Eun Kim, Shaheed W. Hakim, Jung-Eun Kim, Housheng Hansen He, Haiyang Guo, Tae-Hee Kim
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2021)

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common deadly cancers in the world. Although patient genomic data have identified AT-rich interaction domain 1A (ARID1A), a key chromatin remodeling complex subunit, as the second most frequently mutated gene after TP53, its in vivo role and relationship to TP53 in gastric tumorigenesis remains unclear. Establishing a novel mouse model that reflects the ARID1A heterozygous mutations found in the majority of human GC cases, we demonstrated that Arid1a heterozygosity facilitates tumor progression through a global loss of enhancers and subsequent suppression of the p53 and apoptosis pathways. Moreover, mouse genetic and single-cell analyses demonstrated that the homozygous deletion of Arid1a confers a competitive disadvantage through the activation of the p53 pathway, highlighting its distinct dosage-dependent roles. Using this unique vulnerability of Arid1a mutated GC cells, our combined treatment with the epigenetic inhibitor, TP064, and the p53 agonist, Nutlin-3, inhibited growth of Arid1a heterozygous tumor organoids, providing a novel therapeutic option for GC.
TCTAP C-023 The Finecross of the Day - A Case of Percutaneous Intervention to Anomalous Right Coronary Artery
Authors: Khairul Shafiq Ibrahim, Abdul Wahab Undok, Rizmy Najme Khir, Raja Ezman Raja Shariff, Sazzli Kasim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Interval Cancer After Negative Follow-Up Colonoscopy Within A Fit Based CRC Screening Program
Authors: H van de Schootbrugge-Vandermeer, A Kooyker, I Nagtegaal, H Geuzinge, A van Vuuren, F van Kemenade, C Ramakers, E Dekker, I Lansdorp-Vogelaar, M Spaander, M van Leerdam
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims After a positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT), participants of the Dutch colorectal cancer (CRC) screening program are referred for a follow-up colonoscopy. In case no relevant findings are detected, participants are re-invited for FIT screening after 10 years. However, there is limited data about the risk of developing CRC in this period.
A comparison of coarctation resection and patch angioplasty using postexercise blood pressure measurements.
Authors: T MConnor, W PBaker
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Postexercise arm-to-leg blood pressure gradients were measured in 31 patients to determine the effectiveness of two surgical techniques for treating coarctation of the aorta. The arm-to-leg postexercise mean systolic blood pressure gradient was 29 mm Hg lower in 13 patients treated with Dacron patch angioplasty than in 18 patients whose coarctation was resected (p less than 0.01). Some patients with high postexercise gradients after coarctation resection had a reduced proximal aortic lumen by angiography. The results of this study indicate that Dacron patch angioplasty is the method of choice for effectively reducing postexercise systolic pressure gradients in patients with coarctation and hypoplasia of the aortic isthmus.
Myocardial perfusion and ventricular function measurements during total coronary artery occlusion in humans. A comparison with rest and exercise radionuclide studies.
Authors: SBorges-Neto, JPuma, R HJones, M HSketch, RStack, M WHanson, R EColeman
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDThe purpose of this investigation was to compare the magnitude of change in myocardial perfusion and function during exercise with that obtained during total coronary artery occlusion. Radionuclide studies are widely used for the diagnosis and determination of prognosis in patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease. These studies are based on the premise that the relative deficit of coronary blood flow, which is induced by exercise and recognized as increased demand, relates to the jeopardy experienced by the decrease or sudden absolute interruption of coronary blood flow that is recognized as decreased supply and is associated with coronary stenosis or total coronary artery occlusion. The magnitude of exercise-induced perfusion and function abnormalities compared with those induced by total coronary artery occlusion in humans has not been previously reported.METHODS AND RESULTSWe prospectively studied 20 patients with > or = 50% diameter stenosis documented by quantitative coronar...
Epidemiology of low cholesterol levels in older adults. The Cardiovascular Health Study.
Authors: T AManolio, W HEttinger, R PTracy, L HKuller, N OBorhani, J CLynch, L PFried
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDLow cholesterol levels have been associated with increased mortality from stroke, cancer, and other noncardiovascular diseases, but the reasons for this association remain unclear. One explanation is that persons with low cholesterol levels have early or occult disease that eventually leads to their deaths.METHODS AND RESULTSThis possibility was explored in 2,091 men and 2,714 women 65-100 years old in the Cardiovascular Health Study, a multicenter observational study of risk factors for heart disease and stroke in older adults. Cholesterol levels < or = 160 mg/dL were present in 11.6% of men and 3.7% of women and increased in prevalence with age. After adjustment for age, total cholesterol levels in this range were associated with a twofold increased prevalence of treated diabetes in men and women and with a twofold increased prevalence of cancer diagnosed in the preceding 5 years in women only. Low cholesterol was also associated with lower levels of hemoglobin, albumin, and factor VII, sugges...
Efficacy and safety of volanesorsen in patients with multifactorial chylomicronaemia (COMPASS): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial
Authors: Ioanna Gouni-Berthold, Veronica J Alexander, Qingqing Yang, Eunju Hurh, Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen, Patrick M Moriarty, Stephen G Hughes, Daniel Gaudet, Robert A Hegele, Louis St L O'Dea, Erik S G Stroes, Sotirios Tsimikas, Joseph L Witztum, Abhay Agarwal, Christie Ballantyne, Seth Baum, Jean Bergeron, Eric Bruckert, Richard Burdick, Manuel Castro-Cabezas, Mark Cervi, Clinton Corder, Robert DuFour, Cecil Murray Farrington, Gordon Francis, Lawrence Galitz, Steven Hamstead, Linda Hemphill, Cynthia Huffman, Basil Issa, Ulrich Julius, John Kane, Michel Krempf, Steven Martin, James Powell, Richard Shultzaberger, Craig Thompson, Letitia Thompson-Hargrave, Peter Toth, Traci Turner, Rene Valero, Bruno Verges, Frank L J Visseren, Pankaj Vyas, Alberto Yataco
Journal: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2021)
Paradoxical rise in left ventricular filling pressure in the dog during positive end-expiratory pressure ventilation. A reversed Bernheim effect.
Authors: J RDarsee, J RMikolich, P FWalter, R CSchlant
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

Controversy exists whether positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) ventilation lowers cardiac output by reducing left ventricular preload, or by a combination of mechanisms. Sixteen open-chest dogs were instrumented for measurement of left and right ventricular pressure, aortic flow, and left ventricular dimensions. With the pericardium intact, PEEP caused the interventricular septum to bulge toward the left ventricular chamber, increased right and left ventricular end-diastolic pressures, but decreased the average of the three left ventricular dimensions. When right ventricular filling pressure was suddenly reduced, the interventricular septum moved back toward the right ventricle, and left ventricular filling pressure fell. With the pericardium removed, PEEP was associated with a decrease in all three left ventricular end-diastolic dimensions but no significant change in left ventricular filling pressure. Although several indices of contractility were decreased during PEEP, all returned to baseline valu...
Identity of a novel delayed rectifier current from human heart with a cloned K+ channel current.
Authors: DFedida, BWible, ZWang, BFermini, FFaust, SNattel, A MBrown
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

In human myocardium, the nature of the K+ currents mediating repolarization of the action potential is still speculative. Delayed rectifier channels have recently been cloned from human myocardium, but it is unclear whether or not these currents are involved in the termination of the cardiac action potential plateau. In intact human atrial myocytes, we have identified a rapid delayed rectifier K+ current with properties and kinetics identical to those expressed by a K+ channel clone (fHK) isolated from human heart and stably incorporated into a human cell line for the first time. The myocyte current amplitude was 3.6 +/- 0.2 pA/pF (at +20 mV, n = 15) and activated with a time constant of 13.1 +/- 2 milliseconds at 0 mV (n = 15). The half-activation potential (V0.5) was -6 +/- 2.5 mV (n = 10) with a slope factor (k) of 8.6 +/- 2.2 (n = 10). The heterologously expressed fHK current amplitude was 136 pA/pF (at +20 mV, n = 9) with an activation time constant of 11.8 +/- 4.6 milliseconds at 0 mV; V0.5 was 4.1 ...
Pulsed doppler echocardiographic measurement of beat-to-beat changes in stroke volume in dogs.
Authors: R MSteingart, JMeller, JBarovick, RPatterson, M VHerman, L ETeichholz
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Measurement of stroke volume by pulsed Doppler echocardiography has not been validated against a reference method in vivo. We compared Doppler systolic frequency shift integrals with electromagnetic flowmeter stroke volume in seven open-chest dogs. A pulsed Doppler echocardiographic transducer was held on the aortic arch with the sample volume in the ascending aorta. Stroke volume was varied by epinephrine or pentobarbital infusions, fluid administration or inferior vena caval construction. Linear regression analysis of stroke volume vs Doppler systolic frequency shift integrals revealed strong correlations and intercepts close to zero (tau = 0.74-0.096, rho less than 0.001). Minor changes in transducer position did not influence Doppler frequency shift integrals substantially. Therefore, pulsed Doppler echocardiography served as an excellent measurement of stroke volume changes in model. However, serious limitations are presented that may limit its clinical application.
Sex difference in presynaptic adrenergic inhibition of norepinephrine release during normoxia and ischemia in the rat heart.
Authors: X JDu, A MDart, R ARiemersma, M FOliver
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Using a perfused innervated rat heart model, we studied the sex difference in the sympathetic nerve stimulation-induced norepinephrine release and its presynaptic alpha 2-adrenergic inhibition in normoxic and ischemic conditions. During normoxic perfusion, the alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist rauwolscine resulted in a higher overflow of norepinephrine during nerve stimulation in females than in males (p less than 0.05). This more marked potentiation of norepinephrine overflow in females was accompanied by an increased chronotropic and inotropic response (p less than 0.01). During early stop-flow ischemia neural norepinephrine overflow was lower in female than in male hearts (p less than 0.005). Rauwolscine enhanced norepinephrine overflow more in females than in males (p less than 0.05), thereby eliminating the initial difference in norepinephrine overflow during ischemia between the two sexes. Ovariectomy attenuated the presynaptic alpha 2-adrenergic inhibition of norepinephrine release compared with sham...
Reconciling the epidemiology, physiology, and molecular biology of colon cancer
Authors: J. D. Potter
Journal: JAMA (1992)

A QUESTION relevant to the etiology of cancer that is seldom asked is: What gets cancer—the genes, the cell, the organ, the organism, or perhaps even the population? The potential answers are not necessarily exclusive, even given reductionist tendencies and the genuine and justified excitement over discoveries in the molecular biology of cancer. Rather, these are<i>levels</i>of explanation that may be more or less coherent within themselves but provide even more information when they exist in a framework provided by all of the explanatory modes. For the purpose of exemplifying this framework, consider that theories of the etiology of colon cancer have been presented at a number of levels—epidemiologic, physiological, and cellular/ molecular. It is proposed herein that it is worthwhile considering both the coherence and interdependence of these levels of explanation, not as a sterile exercise, but because of its heuristic value and its capacity to shape a
Coronary venous perfusion of the ischemic myocardium during acute coronary artery occlusion in isolated rat hearts.
Authors: YTaira, HKanaide, MNakamura
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

Effects of retrograde coronary venous perfusion on oxygen supply and energy metabolism of ischemic myocardium of the isolated perfused rat heart were examined by means of NADH fluorescence photography. Occlusion of the left coronary artery produced regional ischemia of the left ventricular free wall, as evidenced by the sharply demarcated increase in NADH fluorescence. During ischemia, a narrow area of minimal fluorescence (140 +/- 10 microns), indicating sufficient oxygenation for oxidative phosphorylation, was observed around the epicardial coronary veins in the ischemic lesion. Retrograde perfusion was introduced through the coronary vein (left cardiac vein) that drained off the ischemic area, which resulted in a marked reduction of the area of increased NADH fluorescence in the epicardial surface. In the cross-sectional view, although the myocardium of the entire ischemic area induced by left coronary artery occlusion could be perfused by venous retroperfusion, the effect on reduction of the area of i...
Hemodynamic role of extracellular fluid in hypertension.
Authors: R CTarazi
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

Plasma volume is usually lower in patients with essential hypertension than in normal subjects. Normal or expanded plasma volume in some hypertensive patients may respect either a specific hypervolemic subset of the disease or the upper end of a continuum of volume values. Difficulties in defining these groups stem from the small numbers of subjects studied, from the need for a reliable reference index for volume measurements, and from the multiple factors which may affect intravascular volume. Differences in plasma volume cap influence choice of antihypertensive therapy; patients with expanded volume tend also to have slightly exchangeable sodium and greater extracellular fluid (ECF) volume and to respond well to diuretic therapy. There is also some evidence that low plasma renin activity is more frequent among hypervolemic patients. Essential hypertensives as a group have low plasma to interstitial fluid volume ratio (PV/IF), indicating that ECF distribution between the intravascular and interstitial co...