tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON TUBERCULOSIS.
Authors: Norman Bridge
Journal: JAMA (1900)

At the Columbus meeting of the American Medical Association, June 6-9, 1899, the following resolutions were adopted: <i>Resolved</i>, That the president appoint a committee of five with power to add to that number, who shall prepare a report on the nature of tuberculosis; its communicability and prevention; the more effectual means of controlling the spread of infection and of educating the people in personal hygiene, so as to lessen the chances of their becoming tuberculous and to increase the prospects of their recovery; the advisability of establishing national and state sanitoria, and such other matters as may be pertinent to the subject. <i>Resolved</i>, That this committee shall present this report to the Congress of the United States and to the legislatures of the various states of the Union and urge upon them that appropriate measures be speedily taken. <h3>To the President and Members of the American Medical Association:</h3><h3>Gentlemen:</h3> —Your
Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Shengzhi Sun, Qingqing Yang, Qingxin Zhou, Wangnan Cao, Siwang Yu, Siyan Zhan, Feng Sun
Journal: Gut (2021)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease and is associated with a higher risk of all-cause and cause-specific morbidity and mortality.1–3 Animal studies suggest that air pollution may play a role in the development of NAFLD.4 5 However, evidence from human studies is limited.6

Here, we prospectively estimated the association between long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and risk of NAFLD in 58 026 Taiwan residents who received a standard medical screening programme between 2001 and 2016. We excluded participants with (a) missing values of covariates; (b) excess alcohol intake; (c) liver disease at baseline; (d) NAFLD at baseline and (e) only one medical examination (online supplemental figure S1). The final analytic sample included 35 614 participants for fatty liver index (FLI)-based cohort and 34 741 participants for hepatic steatosis index (HSI)-based cohort. We defined the incident NAFLD as the first occurrence of values of FLI>30 or HSI>36, which have been validated in the Asian population.7 8 We estimated annual PM2.5 levels at participants’ residential addresses using multiple satellite-based aerosol optical depth data combined with a chemical transport model.9 Physical examinations were conducted by trained technicians …
TCTAP C-036 Urgent PCI in a Complex Left Main Bifurcation for an ESRD Patient with Recurrent ACS
Authors: Kim Fong Ng, Chuey Yan Lee, Mahadevan Gurudevan, Heng Shee Kim, Kumutha Gobal, Adelyn Nisha Henry, Vicknesan Kulasingham, Tee Choon Keong, Azrina Abd Kadir, Hou Tee Lu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Adrenergic coronary vasoconstriction helps maintain uniform transmural blood flow distribution during exercise.
Authors: A HHuang, E OFeigl
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

The hypothesis that alpha-adrenergic coronary vasoconstriction helps maintain a uniform transmural distribution of myocardial blood flow during exercise was tested in dogs. Carotid artery loops were surgically constructed and a splenectomy performed three weeks prior to study. On the day of study, the dog was anesthetized briefly (fentanyl and nitrous oxide) for percutaneous catheterization, and alpha-receptors in one myocardial region were blocked with phenoxybenzamine (0.25 mg/kg) infused selectively into the left circumflex coronary artery. Recirculation of phenoxybenzamine was minimized by drainage of coronary sinus outflow during the infusion. After the dog recovered from the anesthesia, regional blood flow was measured at rest and during graded treadmill exercise with the microsphere technique calibrated by reference blood samples. Average transmural flow was limited by alpha-vasoconstriction and was less in the region where alpha-receptors were intact than in the region where they were blocked, as ...
Combined para-aminosalicylic acid and dietary therapy in long-term control of hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia (Types IIa and IIb hyperlipoproteinemia).
Authors: P TKuo, W CFan, J BKostis, KHayase
Journal: Circulation (1976)

The hypolipidemic effect of PAS-C-diet treatment was studied in 63 patients with Types IIa and IIb hyperlipoproteinemia for 6-36 months. Serum lipids and body weights of all patients were stabilized by a low cholesterol-saturated fat-refined carbohydrate diet before the initiation of an eight-week placebo-drug single-blind crossover study. During the placebo period the plasma lipids levels, mean +/- SD: cholesterol 355 +/- 63.5 mg%, triglyceride 141 +/- 68.7 mg%, and LDL-cholesterol 279 +/- 56.8 mg% were lowered to 274 +/- 53.1 mg+, 98 +/- 40.6 mg%, and 209 +/- 52.9 mg%, respectively (P less than 0.001 in each instance), with 7.5-11.0 grams of PAS-C/day given in one to three divided doses. In ten patients who have completed three years of treatment similar results were obtained. They showed no tendency to develop drug tolerance. Eight had watery diarrhea during the initial period which promptly subsided with interruption of drug therapy. Reintroduction of PAS-C in smaller dose (4.5 g/day) with gradual inc...
Simultaneous Eus-Guided Gastrojejunostomy And Choledochoduodenostomy For Treatment Of Intestinal And Biliary Obstruction Due To Massive Lymphoma Of The Duodenal Papilla
Authors: A Raiter, J Szełemej, K Kozłowska-Petriczko, J Petriczko, A Wiechowska-Kozłowska, KM Pawlak
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

A 78-year-old female presented with symptoms of gastrointestinal tract obstruction, and jaundice was admitted for diagnostic and treatment. Gastroscopy revealed a cavity with massive neoplastic infiltration within the descending part of the duodenum. EUS showed a tumor of the duodenal papilla infiltrating the duodenal wall and the head of the pancreas. EUS-guided fine needle aspiration confirmed the diagnosis of MALT lymphoma. To restore the gastrointestinal and biliary tract patency, EUS guided gastrojejunostomy and choledochoduodenostomy using Hot Axios stents (20x10mm and 6x8mm) were created. After normalization of laboratory parameters, the patient started systemic treatment without any symptoms of obstruction.
Regional myocardial blood flow during acute myocardial infarction in the conscious dog.
Authors: S PBishop, F CWhite, C MBloor
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

Regional myocardial blood flow was studied in the conscious dog at periods of 5 minutes to 4 days after occlusion of a major branch of the left coronary artery. Dogs were instrumented with aortic electromagnetic flow probes, occlusive cuffs on either the anterior descending or circumflex branch of the left coronary artery, and a left atrial Silastic catheter for injection of microspheres (15 +/- 5 mum) labeled with either 85Sr, 141Ce, or 51Cr. Microspheres were injected into 25 fully conscious dogs during three of the following time periods: control preocclusion and 0.1, 2, 6, 24, or 96 hours postocclusion. In the conscious dog, before occlusion, the endocardial half of the left ventricular myocardium received 28% more blood flow than the epicardial half. After sudden occlusion of a coronary artery branch, there was a marked reduction in blood flow as well as an alteration in distribution of blood flow within the ischemic tissue; blood flow was most severly reduced in the subendocardial center of the isch...
Relationships between beat-to-beat interval and the strength of contraction in the healthy and diseased human heart.
Authors: W ASeed, M INoble, J MWalker, G AMiller, JPidgeon, DRedwood, RWanless, M RFranz, MSchoettler, JSchaefer
Journal: Circulation (1984)

Twenty-six adult patients, classified by clinical and catheter criteria into groups of those with normal and abnormal left ventricular function, were studied during cardiac catheterization. Right heart pacing was established, and left ventricular dP/dt was measured with end-catheter manometers. By varying the interval preceding a test beat after periods of steady pacing it was confirmed that recovery of left ventricular mechanical function (maximum dP/dt) occurs approximately 800 msec (optimum interval) after a beat. The augmentation of maximum dP/dt of the first 2 beats after an extrasystole, each spaced at the optimum interval, was also studied; the amount of potentiation was varied by alterations in extrasystolic interval. Potentiation decayed from the first to the second postextrasystolic beat with a ratio that was fixed in each individual patient. The ratio (recirculation fraction) was higher in patients with normal than in those with abnormal left ventricular function (mean +/- SD 0.52 +/- 0.10 vs 0...
Biosimilars in Dermatology
Authors: Mark Lebwohl
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2021)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Medical Ethics and the Future of Healthcare
Authors: Michael Maltese
Journal: BMJ (2000)

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Eds Kenneth Kearon, Fergus O'Ferrall

Columba Press, £7.99, pp 160

ISBN 1 85607 269 X

Rating: ![Graphic][2] ![Graphic][3] 

This wide ranging compilation of lectures, hosted by the Adelaide Hospital Society in Dublin in 1999, kicks off with a great overview of the current state of medical ethics. This sets the stage for an edited text that is meant to provide the lay reader with a basic introduction to medical ethics. Unfortunately, the varied chapters fall victim to discontinuity, reducing this work to an insufficient reference resource. …

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The low frequency dynamic viscoelastic properties of human aortic valve tissue.
Authors: K OLim, D RBoughner
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

Membranous samples of human aortic valve cusps were subjected to sinusoidal fluid pressure variations (frequency range, 0.5-5 Hz) to assess their dynamic viscoelastic properties. The storage (elastic) and loss (viscous) moduli and phase lag between the stressing function and response were found to be independent of the frequencies applied. The respective average values were 1.35 (SE = 0.06) X 10(8) dynes cm-2, 4.14 (SE = 0.28) X 10(6) dynes cm-2, and 0.033 (SE = 0.002) rad. The small phase lag indicates that the tissue would recover almost completely to its original state on removal of any applied stress, and this and the relatively low extensibility should be considered in the design of leaflet-type valve prostheses. The storage modulus of the aortic valve cusps when compared to that of the mitral leaflet shows the mitral leaflet to be almost twice as stiff as the aortic valve cusps. This finding led us to conclude that the vibrations of these two cardiac valves alone cannot contribute in any significant...
Therapeutic drug monitoring and fluoroquinolones for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
Authors: Shashikant Srivastava, Tawanda Gumbo
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2021)

<b>Fluoroquinolones at currently prescribed standard dose are suboptimal for treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. The dose should be increased with therapeutic drug monitoring to determine the drug exposure and to prevent adverse events.</b>https://bit.ly/3nMip2Z
Risk Factors for Syncope Associated With Multigenerational Relatives With a History of Syncope
Authors: Artur Fedorowski, Mirnabi Pirouzifard, Jan Sundquist, Kristina Sundquist, Richard Sutton, Bengt Zöller
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2021)

Reflex syncope is the major cause of transient loss of consciousness, which affects one-third of the population, but effective treatment for individuals with severe syncope is lacking. Better understanding of reflex syncope predisposition may offer new therapeutic solutions.To determine the familial risk of syncope in first-, second-, and third-degree relatives of affected individuals and to explore the role of genes and family environment in reflex syncope.In this national population-based family cohort study, the Swedish multigeneration register was linked to 3 Swedish nationwide registers: hospital discharge, outpatient care, and primary care registers for the period from 1997 to 2015. Sibling pairs born to Swedish parents between 1948 and 2005 were included. Linkage was also made to half-siblings and cousins. Data analysis was performed from June to October 2020.Register-based syncope diagnosis among relatives: pairs of twins, siblings, half-siblings, and cousins.Odds ratios for syncope were calculated for relatives (twins, siblings, half-siblings, and cousins) of individuals who had syncope compared with relatives of individuals without syncope for reference. Sensitivity analysis excluding families with definite nonreflex syncope diagnosis was performed.Among the study population of 2 694 442 participants, 1 381 453 (51.3%) were male, and the median (interquartile range) age was 32 (22-43) years. The study population consisted of 24 020 twins, 1 546 108 siblings, 264 244 half-siblings, and 1 044 546 cousins. In total, 61 861 (2.30%) unique individuals were diagnosed with syncope. Sixty-two percent (38 226) of the syncope-positive individuals were female. The odds ratio (OR) for syncope was 2.39 (95% CI, 1.61-3.53) for twins, 1.81 (95% CI, 1.71-1.91) for siblings, 1.28 (95% CI, 1.20-1.37) for half-siblings, and 1.13 (95% CI, 1.10-1.17) for cousins of individuals with syncope. The OR was highest among male twins at 5.03 (95% CI, 2.57-9.85). The proportion of syncope-positive individuals was consistently higher in women vs men, regardless of degree of relationship (twins: 346 [2.88%] vs 193 [1.61%]; siblings: 22 111 [2.92%] vs 13 419 [1.70%], half-siblings: 4148 [3.44%] vs 2425 [1.93%], cousins: 14 498 [2.87%] vs 9246 [1.72%]). Exclusion of nonreflex syncope diagnoses did not change syncope risk in affected families.In this Swedish national population-based study, the risk of syncope among relatives of affected individuals was associated with the relationship degree and was strongest in twins and siblings, which suggests that there are genetic components of reflex syncope. Women were more likely to experience syncope independently of family relationship. A better understanding of genetic predisposition to reflex syncope may offer new therapeutic options in severely affected individuals.
From the Authors
Authors: G. Hanf, O. Noga
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2004)

The role of omalizumab or rhuMAb-E25 in the treatment of allergic rhinitisTo the Editor:I read with interest the recent article by HANF et al.[1], demonstrating the significant inhibition of both allergen challenge-induced nasal symptoms and the increase of human serum albumin in nasal lavage fluid after allergen challenge, in addition to the significant reduction in tumour necrosis factor-a levels in basal nasal lavage fluid, following administration of omalizumab.However, it is difficult to gauge from the study, the exact degree of disease severity in the study population, as no data were given with regards to the patients9 usual therapy for allergic rhinitis, be it topical or oral, and hence no assessment of correlation between treatment and symptoms can be made.In addition, the characterisation of the study population was inadequate, as to whether patients suffered from seasonal or perennial allergic rhinitis, as no detailed data with regards to each individual9s aeroallergen sensitisation were presented.Moreover, one has to be wary of the potential confounding effects of conducting the study during the pollen season, especially in patients who were sensitised to birch and grass pollen.Although the study did shed some light on the potential for the use of omalizumab in allergic rhinitis, the exact indications for its use remain unclear.It is a pity that patients were not better categorised or characterised, as one could have perhaps argued a case for the role of omalizumab as a second-or third-line agent following failure with conventional therapy, such as corticosteroids, histamine H 1 -receptor antagonists and leukotriene CysLT 1 -receptor antagonists.Furthermore, the fact that the mode of delivery of omalizumab is through subcutaneous administration must not be ignored, as this will disadvantage it against other established first-line topical or oral therapy for allergic rhinitis.
Stem Cells Loaded With Multimechanistic Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus Variants for Brain Tumor Therapy
Authors: Matthias Duebgen, Jordi Martinez-Quintanilla, Kaoru Tamura, Shawn Hingtgen, Navid Redjal, Hiroaki Wakimoto, Khalid Shah
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2014)

The current treatment regimen for malignant glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is tumor resection followed by chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Despite the proven safety of oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) in clinical trials for GBMs, its efficacy is suboptimal mainly because of insufficient viral spread after tumor resection. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) were loaded with oHSV (MSC-oHSV), and their fate was explored by real-time imaging in vitro and in vivo. Using novel diagnostic and armed oHSV mutants and real-time multimodality imaging, the efficacy of MSC-oHSV and its proapoptotic variant, oHSV-TRAIL encapsulated in biocompatible synthetic extracellular matrix (sECM), was tested in different mouse GBM models, which more accurately reflect the current clinical settings of malignant, resistant, and resected tumors. All statistical tests were two-sided. MSC-oHSVs effectively produce oHSV progeny, which results in killing of GBMs in vitro and in vivo mediated by a dynamic process of oHSV infection and tumor destruction. sECM-encapsulated MSC-oHSVs result in statistically significant increased anti-GBM efficacy compared with direct injection of purified oHSV in a preclinical model of GBM resection, resulting in prolonged median survival in mice (P < .001 with Gehan–Breslow–Wilcoxin test). To supersede resistant tumors, MSC loaded with oHSV-TRAIL effectively induce apoptosis-mediated killing and prolonged median survival in mice bearing oHSV- and TRAIL-resistant GBM in vitro (P < .001 with χ2 contingency test). Human MSC loaded with different oHSV variants provide a platform to translate oncolytic virus therapies to clinics in a broad spectrum of GBMs after resection and could also have direct implications in different cancer types.
The battle of new biomarkers for right heart failure in pulmonary hypertension: is the queen of hearts NT-proBNP defeated at last?
Authors: Aida Llucià-Valldeperas, Jessie van Wezenbeek, Marie-José Goumans, Frances Sarah de Man
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2021)

<b>The search for new biomarkers for right ventricular maladaptation in pulmonary hypertension is exciting. At this moment we are missing some key information that hampers full-scale clinical implementation.</b>https://bit.ly/37xbgwx
Regulation of Na,K-ATPase gene expression by thyroid hormone in rat cardiocytes.
Authors: TKamitani, UIkeda, SMuto, KKawakami, KNagano, YTsuruya, AOguchi, KYamamoto, YHara, TKojima
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

Synthesis and activity of the enzymatic equivalent of the sodium pump, Na,K-ATPase, are regulated by thyroid hormone in responsive tissues. The purpose of this study was to determine whether triiodothyronine (T3) regulates the level of the messenger RNA (mRNA) coding for Na,K-ATPase alpha- and beta-subunits in the heart. The expression of Na,K-ATPase mRNAs in in vitro myocardial cells was directly assayed by Northern and slot blot hybridization using Na,K-ATPase alpha- and beta-isoform-specific cDNA probes. Exposure of cultured neonatal rat cardiocytes to 10(-8) M T3 resulted in 1) threefold to fourfold increase in alpha 1- and beta 1-mRNA accumulation, with a maximum elevation at 48 hours, 2) sevenfold increase in alpha 2-mRNA accumulation with a peak elevation at 72 hours, and 3) transient threefold increase in alpha 3-mRNA within the first 24 hours followed by a deinduction thereafter. The increase in alpha 1-mRNA accumulation by T3 occurred over the physiological T3 concentration range with an EC50 of...
Amrinone: a new non-glycosidic, non-adrenergic cardiotonic agent effective in the treatment of intractable myocardial failure in man.
Authors: T HLeJemtel, EKeung, E HSonnenblick, H SRibner, MMatsumoto, RDavis, WSchwartz, A AAlousi, DDavolos
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Chronic congestive heart failure not controlled by conventional therapy was treated with intravenous amrinone, a new non-glycosidic, non-catecholamine cardiotonic agent. Eight patients with New York Heart Association functional class III-IV symptoms were hemodynamically monitored. At peak effect, cardiac index (CI) increased from 1.84 +/- 0.32 to 2.74 +/- 0.44 l/min/m2 (mean +/- SD) (p less than 0.001) and left ventricular filling pressure (LVFP) decreased from 25.8 +/- 6.2 to 19.5 +/- 6.8 mm Hg (p less than 0.05), while heart rate and mean aortic blood pressure did not change significantly. Mean endocardial circumferential fiber shortening (mean Vcf), determined by echocardiography, increased from 0.61 +/- 0.27 to 0.89 +/- 0.34 cir/sec (p less than 0.05). The duration of action after bolus infusion varied from 60--90 minutes. During continuous infusion of amrinone, sustained increases in CI and reductions in LVFP, similar to those at the time of peak effect after bolus administration, were maintained for...
Diabetes-induced alterations in atrial natriuretic peptide gene expression in Wistar-Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Authors: HMatsubara, YMori, JYamamoto, MInada
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

We investigated the effects of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) synthesis, hemodynamic parameters, blood volume, and histopathology, as well as the reversibility of such effects with insulin therapy in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). The biatrial ANP messenger RNA (mRNA) levels in the diabetic WKY rats increased by 16-17% compared with those in the age-matched WKY rats at 12 weeks after the onset of diabetes, whereas their ventricular ANP mRNA levels showed increases of 190% in left ventricles and 160% in right ventricles at 8 weeks. In the diabetic SHRs, the left atrial ANP mRNA levels increased by 36% compared with those in the age-matched SHRs, as early as 4 weeks after diabetes onset. Their ventricular ANP mRNA levels also showed 80-82% increases in left and right ventricles at 4 weeks. In proportion to changes in cardiac ANP synthesis, the biventricular end-diastolic pressures were significantly elevated at 8 weeks in the diabetic...