tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Essentials of Pediatric Nursing.
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of brief myocardial ischemia on sympathetic coronary vasoconstriction.
Authors: D DGutterman, D AMorgan, F JMiller
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether sympathetic coronary vasoconstrictor responses are altered after brief ischemia and reperfusion. Adult mongrel dogs were anesthetized and instrumented for measurements of heart rate, arterial pressure, left ventricular pressure, left ventricular dP/dt, anterior myocardial wall thickening, and left circumflex coronary artery (LCX) and left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) blood flow velocities. Changes in coronary vascular resistance were recorded during intravenous bolus doses of norepinephrine and bilateral electrical stimulation of the stellate ganglia. After beta-adrenergic blockade and bilateral vagotomy, electrical stimulation of the stellate ganglia increased coronary vascular resistance in the LAD and LCX beds by 38 +/- 5% and 39 +/- 5%, respectively. After a 15-minute LAD occlusion, repeat electrical stimulation produced increases in coronary resistance of 16 +/- 3% and 45 +/- 8%, respectively (p less than 0.05 for the LAD before v...
Comment on Bordeleau et al. The Association of Basal Insulin Glargine and/or n-3 Fatty Acids With Incident Cancers in Patients With Dysglycemia. Diabetes Care 2014;37:1360–1366
Authors: Samy Suissa, Laurent Azoulay
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)

In their report of the Outcome Reduction With Initial Glargine Intervention (ORIGIN) trial on the effects of glargine insulin on cancer incidence, Bordeleau et al. (1) also examined the association between metformin and cancer, finding a null effect. In the discussion of this null finding, the authors state that “metformin … has been associated with a reduced risk of cancer … and cancer mortality … in a number of observational human studies” (1). Such a statement …
Pillcam ESO Capsule, an Alternative Diagnostic Tool During The Covid-19 Pandemic. First Irish Experience
Authors: M Nwaezeigwe, L Quinlivan, J O’Neill, A Kaar, J O’Grady, M Buckley
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims At the peak of the Covid-19 pandemic in Ireland, many routine and surveillance endoscopies were deferred, with only urgent procedures prioritised. The PillCam ESO (Given Imaging Ltd., Yoqneam, Israel) is a non-invasive investigation, which offers an alternative method of evaluating the UGI tract for non-urgent referrals for endoscopy.
Proto-oncogene expression in porcine myocardium subjected to ischemia and reperfusion.
Authors: TBrand, H SSharma, K EFleischmann, D JDuncker, E OMcFalls, P DVerdouw, WSchaper
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

The molecular basis of myocardial adaptation to ischemia and reperfusion is poorly understood. It is thought that nuclear proto-oncogenes act as third messengers, converting cytoplasmic signal transduction into long-term changes of gene expression. We studied the expression of six nuclear proto-oncogenes (Egr-1, c-fos, fosB, c-jun, junB, and c-myc) in myocardium subjected to ischemia and reperfusion in anesthetized pigs. Stunning was achieved by two 10-minute left anterior descending coronary artery occlusions separated by 30 minutes of reperfusion. Hearts were excised after the first occlusion, after the first reperfusion, and at 30, 120, 150, and 210 minutes of reperfusion after the second occlusion. Total RNA was prepared from stunned as well as normally perfused myocardial tissue and subjected to Northern blotting. The response of the six nuclear proto-oncogenes varied.fosB gene expression was never detected. The c-myc gene was expressed, but its level was unchanged by ischemia. c-jun expression was s...
Dynamic geometry of the left atrium and left ventricle in acute mitral regurgitation.
Authors: SSasayama, MTakahashi, GOsakada, KHirose, HHamashima, ENishimura, CKawai
Journal: Circulation (1979)

The instantaneous transverse diameter of the left atrium, left ventricular free wall segment length (SEG), and the long axis of the anterior papillary muscle (APM) length were measured throughout the cardiac cycle, using ultrasonic dimension gauges together with left atrial and left ventricular pressures in 12 open-chest dogs. During atrial contraction, left atrial diameter decreased from 19.7 to 18.7 mm, while left ventricular dimensions increased simultaneously. During ventricular ejection, percent shortening was 26% in SEG and 10% in APM, while atrial diameter increased continuously to 20.5 mm, with a concomitant rise in the v wave of left atrial pressure. After normal mitral valve opening, left atrial diameter decreased rapidly simultaneously with the y descent of atrial pressure. Graded mitral regurgitation was then produced by sectioning the chordae tendineae. With moderate mitral regurgitation, end-diastolic length of the SEG increased by 27%, while extent of shortening (delta L) was augmented by 9...
Diffuse Cavernous Haemangioma Of Sigmoid And Rectum (DCHR) Case Report
Authors: M Moutzoukis, F Foussekis, C Lamouri, I Mousavere, V Theopistos, I Mitselos, D Christodoulou
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

A 38 years old female patient came to our hospital with recurrent painless rectal bleeding episodes.She reported intermittent episodes of rectal bleeding for about 6 months attributed to hemorrhoids. She underwent a colonoscopy and big vascular lesions with bleeding elements on them were found. There were no other significant findings from the rest of the colon.Gastroscopy and endoscopic capsule were normal The lesion was about 15 cm long in the sigmoid .After a multidisciplinary meeting surgical resection was decided. Pathology of the lesion revealed a DCHR and after the resection she remains asymptomatic with no recurrence of bleeding.
The effect of propranolol on microvascular injury in acute myocardial ischemia.
Authors: R AKloner, M CFishbein, R SCotran, EBraunwald, P RMaroko
Journal: Circulation (1977)

The purpose of this study was to determine whether propranolol, which has been shown to reduce the extent of myocardial infarction, reduces microvascular injury which may play a role in exacerbating ischemia. Saline (10 dogs) or propranolol (2 mg/kg i.v., 7 dogs) was injected prior to a one hour occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Carbon black (1 ml/kg), which labels damaged and leaky vessels, was injected 5 min after release of the occlusion and allowed to circulate for two hours. By morphometric analysis of 1 micron thick sections, 75 +/- 12% of vessels and 84 +/- 7% of myocardial cells showed damage in untreated dogs; only 2 +/- 1% of vessels and 9 +/- 8% of myocardial cells showed damage in the propranolol-treated dogs (P less than 0.001). The number of carbon black-labeled vessels/10 fields/biopsy from comparable areas of ischemic tissue was 55 +/- 7 in untreated dogs and 27 +/- 3 in propranolol-treated dogs (P less than 0.001). The results suggest that propranolol not only pro...
Endoscopic Characterisation of Colorectal Neoplasia with the Different Published Classifications: A Multicentre Comparative Study Involving Gastroenterologists from Trainees to Experts
Authors: P Bonniaud, J Rivory, T Ponchon, M Pioche
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Validate the COlorectal NEoplasia Classification to Choose the Treatment (CONECCT) classification that groups all published criteria (including covert signs of carcinoma) in a single table.
Dose-dependent smooth muscle cell proliferation induced by thermal injury with pulsed infrared lasers.
Authors: P CDouek, RCorrea, RNeville, E FUnger, MShou, SBanai, V JFerrans, S EEpstein, M BLeon, R FBonner
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUNDRecently, laser-heated and radio frequency-heated  angioplasty techniques have been proposed as a means to treat or minimize dissection and elastic recoil but have been associated with a high rate of clinical restenosis. Similarly, pulsed laser angioplasty techniques proposed to minimize thermal injury while ablating obstructing atheroma have failed to reduce clinical restenosis. Because hot balloon and pulsed laser angioplasty create both mechanical and thermal injury, it has been difficult to discern the cause of the smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation resulting in restenosis and whether such magnitude of proliferation is predictable and dose related. This study was undertaken to explore these issues.METHODS AND RESULTSLocalized thermal lesions accompanying efficient ablation were created with a pulsed Tm:YAG laser in nine rabbit aortas, which consistently led to a focal proliferation of SMC that filled the ablated region by 4 weeks. Transcutaneous Ho:YAG pulsed laser irradiation a...
Causes and Risk Factors for Death in Diabetes
Authors: Ilaria Cavallari, Deepak L. Bhatt, Ph. Gabriel Steg, Lawrence A. Leiter, Darren K. McGuire, Ofri Mosenzon, Kyungah Im, Itamar Raz, Eugene Braunwald, Benjamin M. Scirica
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2021)
Two-dimensional and Doppler-echocardiographic and cardiac catheterization correlates of survival in primary pulmonary hypertension.
Authors: S BEysmann, H IPalevsky, NReichek, KHackney, P SDouglas
Journal: Circulation (1989)

To determine correlates of survival in primary pulmonary hypertension, we compared 41 echocardiography-Doppler and nine catheterization parameters with outcome in 26 patients. Mean follow-up was 19.7 months in survivors; mean survival was 4.8 months in 16 nonsurvivors. Cox life-table univariate analysis correlated two echocardiographic, three Doppler, and three catheterization variables with poor survival (p less than or equal to 0.05), and chi 2 analysis ensured the best critical values: severity of pericardial effusion, heart rate of more than 87 beats/min, pulmonic flow acceleration time of less than 62 msec, tricuspid early flow deceleration (T-DEC) equal to or less than -300 cm2/sec, mitral early flow-to-atrial flow velocity ratio (M-E/A) equal to or less than 1.0, catheterization cardiac index (CI) equal to or less than 2.3 l/min/m2, mean pulmonary artery pressure of more than 61 mm Hg, and diastolic pulmonary artery pressure of more than 43 mm Hg. Multivariate life-table analysis of noninvasive var...
A guide to the radiographic identification of prosthetic heart valves.
Authors: D JMehlman, LResnekov
Journal: Circulation (1978)

To facilitate the radiographic identification of prosthetic heart valves, radiographic silhouettes of various aortic, mitral and tricuspid valve prostheses were analyzed and shematized. Forty different prosthetic valve models (heterograft and mechanical) were obtained from seven domestic manufacturers. Each prosthesis was positioned to approximate the aortic, mitral or tricuspid valve anulus plane. The valves were then radiographed and photographed as they would appear in posteronanterior and left lateral chest radiographs. The radiographic silhouettes were examined and a scheme was designed to enable easy, yet accurate, differentiation of the many heart valve prostheses. Illustrations of the various valve types are presented as they would appear in routine chest radiographs.
Chronic exercise enhances endothelium-mediated dilation of epicardial coronary artery in conscious dogs.
Authors: JWang, M SWolin, T HHintze
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

Whether endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF)/nitric oxide (NO) plays a role in the dilation of the left circumflex coronary artery during acute exercise and whether endothelium-mediated dilation of this artery is altered after chronic exercise training have not been determined previously. Nine dogs were chronically instrumented for measurements of systemic hemodynamics, left circumflex coronary artery diameter, and blood flow. Acute treadmill exercise (10.9 km/h) caused dilation of the circumflex coronary artery by 4.33 +/- 0.84% and an increase in coronary blood flow by 32 +/- 5.2 mL/min. After the administration of intravenous nitro-L-arginine, the dilation of the circumflex coronary artery was converted to vasoconstriction (-4.13 +/- 1.58%), whereas the increase in coronary blood flow was not altered (24 +/- 3.6 mL/min). Chronic exercise training (2 hours each day at a speed of 10.9 km/h for 7 days) enhanced acetylcholine-induced dilation and reactive dilation (following release of a brief corona...
Thallium reinjection demonstrates viable myocardium in regions with reverse redistribution.
Authors: J AMarin-Neto, VDilsizian, J AArrighi, N MFreedman, PPerrone-Filardi, S LBacharach, R OBonow
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUNDThe clinical significance and pathophysiological mechanisms of reverse redistribution on stress-redistribution thallium-201 myocardial scintigraphy in patients with chronic coronary artery disease are unclear. Recent studies have shown that thallium-201 reinjection is a useful technique for the detection of myocardial viability in chronic coronary artery disease. In this investigation we determined whether thallium reinjection distinguishes viable from nonviable myocardium in regions with reverse redistribution.METHODS AND RESULTSWe studied 39 patients with chronic stable coronary artery disease (age, 60 +/- 10 years), all of whom demonstrated reverse redistribution on standard exercise-redistribution thallium single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Reverse redistribution was defined as > or = 10% decrease in relative thallium-201 activity between stress and redistribution images and included either the worsening of a perfusion defect apparent on post-stress images or the appearance ...
Baroreceptor function in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Effect of preventing hypertension.
Authors: M CAndresen, A MBrown
Journal: Circulation Research (1980)

In the previous paper we showed that baroreceptor resetting in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) resulted from an incomplete matching of increased receptor strain sensitivity with reduced vessel wall distensibility. Here SHR and Wister-Kyoto controls were treated with antihypertensive drugs in their drinking water (reserpine, hydrochlorothiazide, and hydralazine) from 5 weeks of age so that we might examine the role of blood pressure in the SHR vessel wall-receptor mismatch. Radius and receptor properties were measured using the in vitro aortic arch-aortic nerve preparation at 8, 14, 20, and 30 weeks. We found that baroreceptors from SHR with normal blood pressures had normal pressure thresholds and suprathreshold pressure sensitivities. However, the treated SHR receptors still had lower strain thresholds and the aortas still were less distensible than were the normal. Now, however, the increased receptor sensitivity was sufficient to normalize the relationship between baroreceptor function and arteri...
Inhibition of ATP-sensitive potassium channels of adult rat heart cells by antiarrhythmic drugs.
Authors: R AHaworth, A BGoknur, H ABerkoff
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

We have investigated the effect of antiarrhythmic drugs on the increased potassium conductance induced in isolated adult rat heart cells by ATP depletion. The rate of 86Rb uptake in the presence of ouabain was used as a measure of potassium conductance. Treatment of cells with rotenone plus p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP) rapidly depleted ATP levels and strongly stimulated the rate of 86Rb uptake. The stimulated uptake and the ATP depletion were inhibited by oligomycin; thus, the uptake was not induced by rotenone plus FCCP directly. The stimulated uptake, but not the ATP depletion, was inhibited potently by glyburide (IC50, 38.3 nM), quinidine (IC50, 2.7 microM), verapamil (IC50, 4.5 microM), and amiodarone (IC50, 19.1 microM). The stimulated uptake was also inhibited by tetraethylammonium ion and by 4-aminopyridine but not by tetrodotoxin or manganese. We conclude that 1) the stimulated 86Rb uptake is measuring ATP-sensitive potassium channel activity, 2) the ATP-sensitive potassium channel is ...
Short stature and risk for mortality and cardiovascular disease events. The Framingham Heart Study.
Authors: J PKannam, DLevy, MLarson, P WWilson
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUNDSeveral studies have observed an inverse association between height and risk for coronary disease, but it is unclear whether other traditional coronary disease risk factors may have confounded this association. We examined the original Framingham Heart Study cohort to determine whether short stature is associated with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality, and myocardial infarction after adjusting for age and other traditional coronary heart disease risk factors.METHODS AND RESULTSA total of 2019 men and 2585 women were followed up to 35.6 years. Subjects were stratified by sex and divided into quartiles according to height. Risk ratios were calculated from proportional hazards analyses comparing the first, second, and third quartiles of height to the tallest quartile before and after adjusting for age, hypertension, smoking, serum cholesterol, diabetes, relative weight, and alcohol intake. In both sexes, there were significant differences in the unadjusted event rates between th...
Cardiac contractile proteins. Adenosine triphosphatase activity and physiological function.
Authors: JScheuer, A KBhan
Journal: Circulation Research (1979)

This review has pointed out the good correlation frequently observed between ATPase activity of various contractile protein preparations and contractile function of various muscles including the myocardium. Some of the variables in the measurement of the various ATPases and the relationship of these measurements to physiological ATPase in the intact myofibril have been mentioned. The possible roles of changes in the light chains of sulfhydryl groups in the control of ATPase activity have been outlined. The possibility that phosphorylating reactions might exert control over physiological activity remains to be clarified. It is evident that, despite the large amount of research that has been done, our understanding of how the biochemistry of contractile proteins relates to physiological function is in its infancy, and only with a more complete elucidation of the underlying biochemistry of the components of contractile proteins of physiological and pathophysiological adaptations become evident.
Response by Perman et al to Letter Regarding Article, “Public Perceptions on Why Women Receive Less Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Than Men in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest”
Authors: Sarah M. Perman, Shelby K. Shelton, Christopher Knoepke, Kathryn Rappaport, Daniel D. Matlock, Kathleen Adelgais, Edward P. Havranek, Stacie L. Daugherty
Journal: Circulation (2019)
Sodium susceptibility and potassium effects in young patients with borderline hypertension.
Authors: TFujita, HNoda, KAndo
Journal: Circulation (1984)

To evaluate sodium susceptibility in subjects with borderline hypertension at increased risk of developing essential hypertension, the effect of salt loading after sodium deprivation with a diuretic was studied in 21 young patients with borderline hypertension and 12 age-matched normal subjects. Treatment with a diuretic caused significant decreases in mean blood pressure (MBP) in subjects with borderline hypertension but not in normotensive subjects. In borderline hypertensives, the subsequent sodium loads resulted in a significant rise in MBP (5.8 +/- 1.7%; p less than .01), but sodium did not change MBP in normotensives. There is a good correlation between the increments in MBP with sodium loads and the decrements in MBP with a diuretic for each patient (r = -.759, p less than .001). After diuretics, cardiac index (CI) as measured echocardiographically fell significantly but calculated total peripheral resistance (TPR) remained unchanged in subjects with borderline hypertension. After 180 meq sodium ch...
Emergence and evolution of antimicrobial resistance genes and mutations in Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Authors: Koji Yahara, Kevin C. Ma, Tatum D. Mortimer, Ken Shimuta, Shu-ichi Nakayama, Aki Hirabayashi, Masato Suzuki, Michio Jinnai, Hitomi Ohya, Toshiro Kuroki, Yuko Watanabe, Mitsuru Yasuda, Takashi Deguchi, Vegard Eldholm, Odile B. Harrison, Martin C. J. Maiden, Yonatan H. Grad, Makoto Ohnishi
Journal: Genome Medicine (2021)

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a global health concern. Strains from two internationally circulating sequence types, ST-7363 and ST-1901, have acquired resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, mainly due to mosaic penA alleles. These two STs were first detected in Japan; however, the timeline, mechanism, and process of emergence and spread of these mosaic penA alleles to other countries remain unknown. Methods We studied the evolution of penA alleles by obtaining the complete genomes from three Japanese ST-1901 clinical isolates harboring mosaic penA allele 34 ( penA- 34) dating from 2005 and generating a phylogenetic representation of 1075 strains sampled from 35 countries. We also sequenced the genomes of 103 Japanese ST-7363 N. gonorrhoeae isolates from 1996 to 2005 and reconstructed a phylogeny including 88 previously sequenced genomes. Results Based on an estimate of the time-of-emergence of ST-1901 (harboring mosaic penA-34 ) and ST-7363 (harboring mosaic penA -10), and &gt; 300 additional genome sequences of Japanese strains representing multiple STs isolated in 1996–2015, we suggest that penA -34 in ST-1901 was generated from penA -10 via recombination with another Neisseria species, followed by recombination with a gonococcal strain harboring wildtype penA -1. Following the acquisition of penA -10 in ST-7363, a dominant sub-lineage rapidly acquired fluoroquinolone resistance mutations at GyrA 95 and ParC 87-88, by independent mutations rather than horizontal gene transfer. Data in the literature suggest that the emergence of these resistance determinants may reflect selection from the standard treatment regimens in Japan at that time. Conclusions Our findings highlight how antibiotic use and recombination across and within Neisseria species intersect in driving the emergence and spread of drug-resistant gonorrhea.