tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB0195 Whiplash from head to toe
Authors: N Yanes-Hoffman, DM Fraser
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> Although "Whiplash" is an overworked term, it is a troublesome, underdiagnosed, undertreated problem. Unless cervical "straightening" indicates muscle spasm secondary to soft-tissue injury, X-rays, CT scans, MRIs contribute little diagnostic information. To diagnose true ?whiplash,? the old-fashioned fundamentals of medical practice?-a careful history and a thorough physical examination–are necessary. <h3>Objectives</h3> Evaluating Cyriax's dicta that: 1) examining the neck alone for post-traumatic, soft-tissue damage is an inadequate diagnostic approach; 2) since "All muscle spasm is secondary," the source of the spasm must be found to diagnose and treat the condition. <h3>Methods</h3> From 1–1–97 to 1–1–2000, 197 patients presented with musculoskeletal complaints of the neck secondary to trauma from an automobile accident. Although all 197 had virtually no other musculoskeletal complaints, our examinations worked from the foot upward in sequence: 1) the foot for lost cuboid subluxation; 2) superior tibio-fibular joint for lost joint-play; 3) knee for passive "springy-block"; 4) sacro-iliac for subluxation and torsion; 5) lumbar spine for damaged lumbar discs; 5) thoracic spine for muscular imbalance and T3 syndromes; 6) cervical spine for disc derangements and Barre's posterior cervical syndrome associated with discs at C2–3 and C3–4. <h3>Results</h3> Pedal eversion loss; superior tibio-fibular subluxation; blocked knee movement with ?springy" end-feel denoting loose bodies in virtually all patients. Anterior superior iliac (ASIS) and posterior superior iliac spinal (PSIS) imbalances and "Lock Sign" were usually evident. Warm, swollen, tender PSIS areas and upper lumbar spinal levels indicated disc derangement. Compensatory scoliosis with muscular hypertonus over T/6 was usually present. The usually neglected costo-transverse syndrome was present in 75% of patients. Cervical disc derangement, at C2–3, C3–4, and C7/T1, with headaches, dizziness, pain and restricted motion on attempted extension evident almost universally. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Once we had precisely identified the involved areas, mobilisation of affected areas, avoidance precautions, and occasional recourse to sclerotherapy achieved prompt?often dramatic, cost-effective, symptomatic amelioration of these vexing problems in 192 patients. <h3>References</h3> Cyriax J. <i>Textbook of orthopaedic medicine.</i> 8th edn. London: Balliere &amp; Tindal, 1988 Bowen D, Cassidy M. Spine 1981;6(6):620–8 Barre J. Paris Med. 1925;15:266 Maigne R. <i>Mid-orthopedic medicine</i>. Illinois: Charles Thomas, 1992
Response to: ‘Correspondence on ‘Influence of COVID-19 pandemic on decisions for the management of people with inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: a survey among EULAR countries’ by Nokhatha <i>et al</i>
Authors: Christian Dejaco, Johannes WJ Bijlsma, Frank Buttgereit
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2021)

Cogan9s syndrome, nonsyphilitic interstitial keratitis with vestibuloauditory dysfunction, is an uncommon disease of young adults, probably a manifestation of vasculitis. A 32 year old woman with this syndrome developed a thalamic syndrome with amnesia and dysphasia due to lacunar infarcts.
Nivolumab in advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ATTRACTION-1/ONO-4538-07): Minimum of five-year follow-up.
Authors: Ken Kato, Yuichiro Doki, Takashi Ura, Yasuo Hamamoto, Takashi Kojima, Takahiro Tsushima, Shuichi Hironaka, Hiroki Hara, Taroh Satoh, Satoru Iwasa, Kei Muro, Hirofumi Yasui, Keiko Minashi, Kensei Yamaguchi, Atsushi Ohtsu, Yuko Kitagawa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

207 Background:ATTRACTION-1/ONO-4538-07 (AT-1), an open-label, single-arm, multicenter phase 2 clinical trial conducted in Japan, evaluated the clinical activity and safety of nivolumab in patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) refractory/intolerant to fluoropyrimidine-, platinum-, and taxane-based chemotherapy. We previously reported the 2-year follow-up findings of AT-1, in which nivolumab demonstrated antitumor activity with a manageable safety profile for these patients. Here we report the final findings from AT-1 at a minimum follow-up of 5 years. Methods:Patients aged ≥20 years with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG PS) of 0-1 received 3 mg/kg nivolumab intravenously every 2 weeks in 6-week cycles until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was centrally-assessed objective response rate (ORR), defined as the proportion of patients whose best overall response was either a complete or partial response. Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), investigator-assessed ORR, progression-free survival (PFS), change in tumor burden, time to response, time to disease progression, and duration of response. Results:Between February 25 and November 14, 2014, a total of 65 patients were enrolled. Sixty-four patients were evaluated for the efficacy, and all patients were evaluated for the safety. At the final database lock on August 6, 2020, 11 (17.2%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 9.9-28.2) of 64 patients had an objective response by central assessment. The median OS was 10.8 months (95% CI, 7.4-13.9), and the estimated 5-year OS rate was 6.3% (95% CI, 2.0-14.0). The median PFS was 1.5 months (95% CI, 1.4-2.8), and the estimated 5-year PFS rate was 6.8% (95% CI, 2.2-15.1). Treatment-related adverse events that occurred with a frequency of &gt; 10% were diarrhea and rash. The presentation will include characteristics of long-term survivors as well as detailed efficacy and safety data of nivolumab. Conclusions:This final assessment represents the longest follow-up of patients with advanced ESCC treated with nivolumab. Nivolumab demonstrated continued long-term efficacy in these patients based on a minimum of 5-year long-term survival update of AT-1. Furthermore, no new safety signals with nivolumab were identified during long-term follow-up. These findings are consistent with those of nivolumab monotherapy for various types of cancer. Clinical trial information: No.142422.
Animal Models and Their Role in Understanding the Pathophysiology of Cystic Fibrosis–Associated Gastrointestinal Lesions
Authors: Katherine N. Gibson-Corley, John F. Engelhardt
Journal: Annual Review of Pathology Mechanisms of Disease (2020)

The life expectancy of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients has greatly increased over the past decade, and researchers and clinicians must now navigate complex disease manifestations that were not a concern prior to the development of modern therapies. Explosive growth in the number of CF animal models has also occurred over this time span, clarifying CF disease pathophysiology and creating opportunities to understand more complex disease processes associated with an aging CF population. This review focuses on the CF-associated pathologies of the gastrointestinal system and how animal models have increased our understanding of this complex multisystemic disease. Although CF is primarily recognized as a pulmonary disease, gastrointestinal pathology occurs very commonly and can affect the quality of life for these patients. Furthermore, we discuss how next-generation genetic engineering of larger animal models will impact the field's understanding of CF disease pathophysiology and the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
Donating our “Christmas bonus”
Authors: Stuart M White
Journal: BMJ (2021)

The UK government intends to honour its commitments to pay increases above inflation for NHS workers “despite the challenging economic context (of covid-19).”1 Doctors’ pay will rise by 2.8% in 2020-21—equivalent to £2200-£3000 (€2500-€3400; $3000-$4100) for consultants and GP partners and £1100-£2100 for specialty doctors.

But many other people will experience major financial hardship in 2021-22, through unemployment, pay freezes, and predicted tax rises and spending cuts. Four million …
Abstract 17062: A Novel Non-Invasive Index to Characterize Right Ventricle-Pulmonary Arterial Vascular Coupling in Children
Authors: Philip Levy, Kel Vin Woo, Amanda T Hauck, Aaron Hamvas, Gautam K Singh
Journal: Circulation (2018)

Introduction: The right ventricle (RV) is a pulsatile pump, the efficiency or work of which depends on proper hemodynamic coupling with the compliant pulmonary arterial vasculature (PV). RV-PV coupling derived by right heart catheritization (RHC) measures the ratio of ventricular elastance (Ees, contractility) to arterial elastance (Ea, afterload) and is based on the work-energy principle that states a change in energy is equal to the work expended by a force through displacement. Non-invasive echocardiography derived surrogates to the Ees/Ea ratio that account for the length-force relationship have been proposed, but their clinical correlation as estimates of RV-PV coupling remain to be established. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that the non-invasive index of RV length-force relationship is a reliable measure of invasive RV-PV coupling (Ees/Ea) in children. Methods: Prospectively acquired simultaneous echocardiography-derived ratio of tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion to pulmonary artery acceleration time (TAPSE/PAAT) and RHC-derived Ees/Ea were compared using regression analysis in a cohort of 125 children (median age, 5 years; IQR, 1-13 years) with a wide range of pulmonary hemodynamics. Ees/Ea was calculated using the single beat method from RHC measures with the following equation: (RV systolic pressure - mean pulmonary artery pressure) / mean pulmonary artery pressure. TAPSE (mm), as a measure of RV contractile reserve, was substituted for length, and PAAT (msec), a reliable estimate of RV afterload, was exchanged for force. PAAT was adjusted for RV ejection time (PAATi=PAAT/RVET) to account for heart rate variability. Results: TAPSE/PAAT and TAPSE/PAATi both correlated with invasive Ees/Ea (r = 0.81, p&lt;0.01 and r=0.76, p&lt;0.01, respectively, Figure). TAPSE/PAAT and TAPSE/PAATi were both decreased (p&lt;0.001) in children with pulmonary hypertension by RHC (mPAP&gt;25 mmHg and PVRi&gt;3 WU.m2). With ROC analysis, TAPSE/PAAT &lt; 0.13 m/sec and TAPSE/PAATi &lt; 38 mm detected Ees/Ea &lt; 1.0 with sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 91% with an AUC of 0.90 (95% CI, 0.85-0.96). Conclusions: TAPSE/PAAT and TAPSE/PAATi , non-invasive indices of the length-force relationship, provide reliable estimates of invasive RV-PV coupling in children.
Toward robust mammography-based models for breast cancer risk
Authors: Adam Yala, Peter G. Mikhael, Fredrik Strand, Gigin Lin, Kevin Smith, Yung-Liang Wan, Leslie Lamb, Kevin Hughes, Constance Lehman, Regina Barzilay
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2021)

An algorithm to predict breast cancer risk, Mirai, outperforms clinical risk models across test cohorts from the United States, Sweden, and Taiwan.
T-ALL can evolve to oncogene independence
Authors: Hesham Abdulla, Anh Vo, Benjamin J. Shields, Tenae J. Davies, Jacob T. Jackson, Raed Alserihi, Elizabeth M. Viney, Tin Wong, Feng Yan, Nicholas C. Wong, Lisa Demoen, David J. Curtis, Warren S. Alexander, Pieter Van Vlierberghe, Ross A. Dickins, Matthew P. McCormack
Journal: Leukemia (2021)
OP0099 Mood and stressful events predict daily fluctuations in disease symptoms in juvenile polyarticular arthritis
Authors: LE Schanberg, KM Gil, KK Anthony, E Maurin
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> Juvenile arthritis is characterised by periods of flare and relative quiescence. Periods of flare are characterised by increased disease activity and worsening symptoms. While the cause of disease flares is unclear, multiple possible triggers have been proposed including infection, trauma, psychosocial stress, and mood. <h3>Objectives</h3> The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of daily mood and daily stressful events to disease symptoms in children with rheumatic disease. <h3>Methods</h3> Twenty-four school-aged children (15 girls, 9 boys, mean age 12.4 years) with polyarticular arthritis completed a daily booklet over a two-month period, yielding 1355 total observations. The daily booklet included measures of daily symptoms, function, mood, and stressful events. In addition, we obtained biological measures of disease activity, as well as salivary cortisol levels three times daily. Data were analysed using multi-level random effects modelling in order to take into account both sources of variation in the data set, within-person and between-person. In addition, multilevel models use the number of observations or days rather than the number of participants as the unit of analysis, thus increasing the statistical power. <h3>Results</h3> The models indicated that on a day-to-day basis, worse mood and more stressful events were significantly related to increases in daily pain (p &lt; . 0001 and p &lt; . 02), fatigue (p &lt; . 0001 and p &lt; . 02), and increased interference in social activities (p &lt; . 0001 and p &lt; . 001). Worse mood was also related to increases in daily stiffness (p &lt; . 0001) and to coping, including the ability to control (p &lt; . 0001) and decrease pain (p &lt; . 0001). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Our data show that day to day fluctuations in mood and stressful events are related to the daily symptoms of children with juvenile polyarticular arthritis and may play a role in the pathogenesis of disease flares. Therefore, interventions aimed at improving mood and stress coping may improve the health status of children with arthritis.
CAD-LT score effectively predicts risk of significant coronary artery disease in liver transplant candidates
Authors: Rayan Jo Rachwan, Issa Kutkut, Lava R. Timsina, Rody G. Bou Chaaya, Edward A. El-Am, Mohammad Sabra, Fakilahyel S. Mshelbwala, Mahmoud A. Rahal, Marco A. Lacerda, Chandrashekhar A. Kubal, Jonathan A. Fridell, Marwan S. Ghabril, Patrick D. Bourdillon, Richard S. Mangus
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2021)
Phase I study of SEA-CD40, gemcitabine, nab-paclitaxel, and pembrolizumab in patients (pts) with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) (trial in progress).
Authors: David Lawrence Bajor, Martin Gutierrez, Gina M. Vaccaro, Ashiq Masood, Ursa Abigail Brown-Glaberman, Juneko E. Grilley-Olson, Milind M. Javle, Hedy L. Kindler, Olumide B. Gbolahan, Anthony Frank Shields, Mark Zalupski, Michael W. Schmitt, Andrew L. Coveler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

TPS451 Background: SEA-CD40 is an investigational non-fucosylated, humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against CD40, a co-stimulatory receptor expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Activation of CD40 on APCs upregulates cytokine production and co-stimulatory receptors, enhancing tumor antigen presentation to T cells. Preclinical data indicate that treatment of PDAC with chemotherapy in conjunction with a CD40 agonist could enhance antigen presentation and initiate an antitumor immune response (Byrne KT and Vonderheide RH, Cell Rep 2016;15, 2719–2732). A Phase 1 study (SGNS40-001) is evaluating SEA-CD40 monotherapy and in combination with other agents in pts with advanced solid or hematologic malignancies. A cohort is enrolling to evaluate the combination of SEA-CD40, gemcitabine, nab-paclitaxel, and pembrolizumab in PDAC. Methods: The cohort consists of pts with metastatic PDAC who have had no prior therapy for metastatic disease. Pts must be ≥18 years old, with (neo)adjuvant therapy completed &gt; 4 months prior to enrollment; ECOG status ≤1; adequate renal, hepatic, and hematologic function; and measurable disease per RECIST v 1.1 criteria. A standard regimen of gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel on Days 1, 8, and 15 of each 28-day cycle is administered with SEA-CD40 IV on Day 3. Pembrolizumab is administered every 42 days starting on Day 8. The primary objective is to evaluate antitumor activity; secondary objectives are to evaluate safety and tolerability and SEA-CD40 and pembrolizumab pharmacokinetics. Efficacy endpoints are confirmed RECIST objective response rate per investigator (primary), disease control rate (response or stable disease ≥16 weeks), duration of response, progression-free survival, and overall survival. Disease is assessed every 8 weeks using RECIST and immune-based RECIST (iRECIST). Treatment continues until unacceptable toxicity, progressive disease per iRECIST, consent withdrawal, or study closure, whichever occurs first. Assessment of dose-limiting toxicity will occur initially in groups of 6 pts to identify the recommended phase 2 dose of SEA-CD40 for the cohort. Enrollment to this cohort began in November 2019. Clinical trial information: NCT02376699.
FRI0157 Anca antibodies in grave’s basedow disease
Authors: M Gumà, M Juan, I Salinas, E Casado, V Ortiz-Santamaría, A Olivé
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> ANCA (anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies) are antibodies against specific proteins (proteinasa 3 and myeloperoxidase) and are present in the sera of patients having several underlying diseases). <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine the frequency and specificity of ANCA in Grave's disease. <h3>Methods</h3> Thirty-five serum of patients with Grave's Basedow disease were retrospectively examined. All patients were on treatment with anti-thyroid drugs at least for two months. ANCA antibodies were determined by indirect immunofluorescence. A ELISA test was performed to examine the presence of proteinasa 3 and myeolperoxidase (BL Diagnostica). <h3>Results</h3> ANCA were positive in 60% of patients with Grave's Basedow disease. Immunofluorescence patterns were as follow: 9 pANCA (26%), 7 xANCA (20%) and 5 cANCA (14%). ELISA was positive in just one case (myeloperoxidase). <h3>Conclusion</h3> ANCA antibodies are positive in Grave's Basedow disease. Anti-thyroid drugs may have a relationship with the presence of ANCA. Antigens are unknow.
Longitudinal SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion and functional heterogeneity in a pediatric dialysis unit
Authors: Jorge J. Canas, Michelle C. Starr, Jenaya Hooks, Samuel Arregui, Amy C. Wilson, Aaron E. Carroll, Vijay Saxena, Fatima Amanat, Florian Krammer, Jeffrey Fill, Andrew Schade, Antonio Chambers, Jack Schneider, Andrew L. Schwaderer, David S. Hains
Journal: Kidney International (2021)
Nonintervention Is Not Noninferior to Oral Ibuprofen for Treatment of Patent Ductus Arteriosus—Reply
Authors: Se In Sung, Myung Hee Lee, Won Soon Park
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2021)

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Genomics Reveals the Origins of Historical Specimens
Authors: Qian Cong, Jinhui Shen, Jing Zhang, Wenlin Li, Lisa N Kinch, John V Calhoun, Andrew D Warren, Nick V Grishin
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2021)

Centuries of zoological studies have amassed billions of specimens in collections worldwide. Genomics of these specimens promises to reinvigorate biodiversity research. However, because DNA degrades with age in historical specimens, it is a challenge to obtain genomic data for them and analyze degraded genomes. We developed experimental and computational protocols to overcome these challenges and applied our methods to resolve a series of long-standing controversies involving a group of butterflies. We deduced the geographical origins of several historical specimens of uncertain provenance that are at the heart of these debates. Here, genomics tackles one of the greatest problems in zoology: countless old specimens that serve as irreplaceable embodiments of species concepts cannot be confidently assigned to extant species or population due to the lack of diagnostic morphological features and clear documentation of the collection locality. The ability to determine where they were collected will resolve many on-going disputes. More broadly, we show the utility of applying genomics to historical museum specimens to delineate the boundaries of species and populations, and to hypothesize about genotypic determinants of phenotypic traits.
THU0246 Prevalence of specific comorbid conditions in a nation-wide cohort of rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: L Carmona, A Balsa, I González, MA Belmonte, X Tena, R Sanmartí, Grupo Emecar
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> There is compelling evidence that rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may have different expressions and outcomes between populations. Knowing the expression of RA in a determined population should make easier to plan allocation estrategies for health resources and to help predetermine the sample size of future studies. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess the expression of RA in an unselected cohort of patients from various parts of the country. To estimate the prevalence of specific RA features and of comorbid conditions in RA patients from a nation-wide sample. <h3>Methods</h3> 780 patients fulfilling the ACR criteria for the classification of RA, and in any stage of the disease, were randomly selected from the registries of 34 participating centres. A baseline visit by trained rheumatologists permitted the investigation of the present expression of the disease and of comorbidities. All comorbid conditions and extraarticular manifestations of RA had protocolised definitions. <h3>Results</h3> RA in our country is more frequent in women (72.0% [68.9–75.2]), being the mean age at the onset of the disease 41 years ± 13 (SD). A moderate proportion of patients, 15.4% [12.8–17.9], fulfilled remission criteria at present. In order of frequency, the estimated prevalence of extra-articular manifestations was: Sjögren's syndrome 16.2% [13.6–18.7], nodules 16.0% [13.4–18.6], atlanto-axial subluxation 11.5% [9.2–13.8], interstitial lung disease 3.2% [2.0–4.5], eye involvement 2.3% [1.3–3.4], cardiac and/or pleural effussions 1.6% [0.7–2.4]. Vasculitis, amyloid, and Felty's syndrome prevalences are below 1%. The most common comorbidities were, in order of frequency: hypertension 29.7% [26.5–33.0], cytopenia 27.2% [24.1–30.4], hypercholesterolemia 24.1% [21.0–27.1], osteoporosis 21.5% [18.5–24.4], and depression 10.9% [8.7–13.1] <h3>Conclusion</h3> The preliminary results of this cohort, give us a reliable "picture" of RA in our country. The prevalence of some of the comorbid conditions is higher than expected, despite restrictive definitions. The estimates obtained will be further studied. This study was sponsored by Aventis, España.